ƷԻͼ,˲κθݰȨ
=================

ߣľľ


İ
ûиһڴŮ˵Ļᣡ
һŮ֮ǰһˣϣĴ˵

ݱǩԽʱ
ǣ  ǣ

Ʒ
ԨԽԼһƶ磬һȺûѪԵΪļˡССŮǵġ磬㣬һճСܵܣԼһġ˶˺ӣʳƶһԾ˹塣ܿ첻ҽԨµܱ֡Լļ𣿡һƪڲͬĴԽġŮϤͨŮȴִȫͬŮǵļֵۡۡˡ¡﷢ײµߡʤֵһ
==================


1 ʼ
һ޼ʵĻĲݣվɽ¶ĿʲôûС
׶һƵĴ׶ûˣ
׶ҲԨԼƨɺĲݹվӦһŶ
ٵ磡
ԨͨƽҲûһ⣺ڳԽԽ࣬ĸ·ûˣҹڿһ˵Ľ·ڣɳײ̫ˡ
ȥTMD
úᵱ£֮ǰʲô³ɿաҲͦÿģһһͱ˸Сˡ
Сվվֱ֣һվͷؽԣҺôض̵Ĵûһͷѹͷ֣Ǹͥϳи̵ֻСޣ磬֮ûˡ
ŷǸ۵ġ㡱ǽ㣬衣
Ԩ˺ôһ衱ʮôӵģʣ粻һǵɣһǵһǵĵɣ
˼Եϵ֮⣬ԨҲԼվֱǻСǶãСԼˣôҲ̫СˣŸվֱӲǹֱ첲ѵһ峤𣿣һ׶ͿƱˣھӵĺӣһ׶ˣ
˵̹ĺ̼Ҳιùû£Ҳ֪Ƕ˶ãҡôһҲһٷ԰
ȵݿʼƣҲû֪֮һһ̰벻֪ʲôʳҲеŴʣµİι̵ġ衱ںͽ͸綼ֻܺϡֻа롣
ȫһˡ
ԨҲ뷢һ´ԽƣҲ˵仰ˣҲ˵һЩ򵥵ľˣŸ籧ſûʲô취롣籧ɽͷҲûڶ˼ҺΪʲô˵ʱ׼ѿҵΪҪ㹻ǱڿͻҪ㹻ʣƷطģһЩƷ˭ȥ
ԽԽ󣬼ÿһٵķûˣĴڵضҰ󣬲ֻΪ˳⣬صĳԵĶ࣡ҪѵǾһٴͣ֨ʲôģȻǴаʳԨһ۷⣡
ҲûţڲݡݸǿԳԵģ⸽ɽһңǼҳа⸽еĲݣԨȴĲҲ۷Ź⣬̵ֻĲݸóԣѾƵľͲóˡ
Сܱܵȶ̣ݵޣԨȥĿʼѲݸҰ󵷳ô϶ҽԺȥˣ⺢ӲȻҲˡ
ȫˣ⸽Ҳ͹ˣۼֻܳˣ衱Ҫȥˡ
ԨΪǡ衱ȥҽŹȥȶ㣬籧סˣ˵ҲȥˣиԵˡ
ԨϱӺôҲǸ˾ʱӦ̺ްѡ衱ˣ죬˯ǵñס衱ȣŷֻˣ衱ҹ˯컹ˡ
侲Ԩǵ˼һ£ҳˡûһſڣܶʡЩʳⱲӾǼģҲʵûʲôģɡСܵҲߣʱʵڶ־û
ҹûˣһҹһ죬쿪ʼʱˣɰڼ˵˰ɣؼҰɡȻѵ֪ȥ·û϶ԣ»رˡ
Ԩ
Ȼǰ˼ңһһҹһ͵ˣȳ˲𰡣
סվֱȻԨͷ
ȻҲǹ취
1⸽ɽȫɽpass
2Ѿˡ
3ûǣ缸ȫܹˡ
4ּôеֹƷ
ԶûԵǲˡ
ϵҲǸð취㿴ôɽϻôļһ
Ԩ죬Χź塣
Լûܶļį
֮Ԩ֣ס
Դ׷
йȣǶѳɽף
ôʱĸֽһΪǸõ֣
ڡ
ǿҪܳüٽ⣡
һֻҪţܸ˻ɱ˳⣡
СĵܵûȨĸûһҲһֱ漣
Ｘԭȶû֣ǴĹԵĽšԨű壬ǼʲôԭסĶȥĶЩ⣬ȫһ֪Ĵ磬ŶʮˣȻҲ֪ʲô˵ǰĴӶǾӣ㲻֪ԼʲôҲٲ֪ԼĴʲôյġ
ǰͽд磬ڻǽд硣绹ͦ˵ģԨС˵Ǽҵ
˵ŮӻҪֵģǰһֿɺˣ˼˵Ҳһ֡
翴Ԩٿ㣬Ǿ͸ģ
ֽʲôأ
лɣİ
컨ÿ˵
Ǿͽк컨
д׺ˣھôԨ͹ȣʲô˳ۣȫԡ
ʲôǴף緢ʡ
ԨһóԵķȼԹóԵóһǧ
úããкͷһӶţ˵˵
ԨԼľҪдˣϽס֡Ҳ᲻òҪۿ֮󣬾á׶ʵҲǺܺкԢġ
Ͷ㶼֪ʲôóԵġԨѾ̫õķչƣǰġܵõ˵˼ֻһʱôͶע⵽ţ˾Ҳ˸߲ҵҪˣ·ͱһ
Ԩһ֮ͨ󣬺֪ķֽǾȻû֡ЩʳʱӦǲԹİ
ʵҲûлɹ硰衱ΪʲôôСôຢӣأ˵ģṩӵأУҡ̫
衱˼֪ʲôʳСôСȴ׵ġкɫĳġв̫ӲӲġɰӡ
ܺˡ˷ƵĲݸ죬ݸڵĳ̶ȣҲΪˮû
ԨͷرûȻˮտҲһݳޣյˮ濪ʼð̾͵Ѿˣ
û£Ŵţϰˡ
ʳԹˣǸСġȥˡ
ԨѾ¡ʵǵһʼҲסӵɽġ
Ѿûˡ˲˾Ǳץˣ˶ˣСӲ˾ǱץˡļӵȻĳһ죬ļˡֵ֪ܻǱʲôˣһȥء
Ԩǲǰﶪ²ܣˣʳʱһߵ֪ԶԼ
ֵܽãʳʱ⡣
ÿ춼ȥˣʳ㣬˻̫ɵһ˳ԶӲʳӲǷָ˳ԡ
ԴҶĸԸĵǡ
ֻСĵܸܵȷʵѪԵϵƺݵĲȻĶǴİСܵܡ
Ԩ׶ڡһȥʱ˸ͷ
Ǹ˵ʱ
Ǹ޵ʱ
ǳˣǱԡ
䱻ԣ˵Ǹ
ܣʵһ˹֮󣬲ŻԸʩˡ
׶Ѿûݳ޵ˡֻܰļˣǸССġȥ壬ñİ취Ūʳ
׶￴ʲôﻹʱء
Ǿǡÿȥĵط
Ǳߺ·
··߶˾ͳ·վԶ˾ܿһƬĵԵһ׵ĺۼ
ôݵģ
˵Ƕ֪ǰȥʱǶΪĶ⸽ԶԶһۣʲôҲƺֻҪܿ·ҾͰˡһʼǴ㣬ǣŶ磬ٺ˶㣬˴磬
⸽ǳƽ̹ûҲûɽɽи·̡Ժܾǰ߻˴ߡɽ·
ڼǰкܶӴͰһƬĵظƽˣ˵ȻҲץˣʮҾſգҲû˸һ·ǽɳΣβͻ׬һǮ˴ȡ硣
Ҫߵˡ
׶һһӽ·С߲죬Ϊֻȥ˵׶ôĺӹϲˣʵڲһˣֻõҲ¶ˡ
ԶˣҲϻؼˣٸӣ׶˯ڿȻѾˣԾȥɡ
˸Ϳ·ĲѾȫûˣԱԵķֽ磬ŵһƬյأӿݵģǰͷ󲻼β
ÿôɵţ׶ʡǲԵĶģֻһ鲼ǿڵϵģ˿˾š
ÿ춼˹ʱһüء˵ڵϣߣŵϵĲݣγһ׳һ㡢һĸͺ׶ԣԼֻҪݹ̾ȫˡ
׶ӵķʵѾϰ£һʼʱҲᵣģ⻹ģѾΪ·ÿ˶ˡ
°
ԣ׶Żͷߣ
Ҳױ˵
ЩÿֻһԵġҪܶõͺˡ׶૵
£ЦˣҲ밡Ļôãͺˣڶ͹ȶҲˣ
׶ûǰиСƶæָ˵ˣˣ

ﲻ׶ת˰Ȧܵ߳˵һ˹ˣҹȥ
ԥĿҡͷУ̫Сˣ˼ҲҪ
׶ȥ˵Ǳߣ˵ġһָ
ûǱ߰
翴ǱߣأǱûˣ˼ȥûҲԵġ
磬ǿʯͷˤˣǾܰѳԵȫˣ
类˵ˣܿһʯͷΪ˲˷֣ʦͨſ˵ϣȻøߴ󣬵ȴݣſڲԶĵϣĲûȻصʵʵġ
׶һ˿˿Ĳͺڣȴǿ־塣־ŽҪ߳һԼӴԺȫͬˡ
·ߣҲҪĲûˡ
Ǹ˽߽ˡ
׶Ҳˡһһˡ
һϡġɿݵġ׵ĺӣͣĴҴҵš
ĲٲֱǴǡβĵٶգۼߵ׶ǰûпǺҪҪȥǰͷ
ԥѾɲסţϸ۾ķ
ĲôߣѾˣ
ǿˣ
׶ɴ۾
ȴøٶ
ڵվҪܣ⿴ǰ
ûп˱ķж⣬ȵϣ
ޣʮԶĵطվסˣûٿ˵ᣬʮ꣬˵ȴʮģһأ
֪һˣ
ԣôСһ˳
׶Ѹٴ˴ٵͷתͷܡһһ߻ͷǸûжվԭĿҲ̲סܹ׷ˡ
ǸӲݴܳİСӺ󣬽ԪһžЩԾӿͶ󣬾ȻְϷˣ⸽зկǰƽǼ̣ǰ⸽˶ץ𣿾Ȼկӻˣ
ôһ룬ԪһܵķС׷ȥ
׶ûܶԶͱ׷ˣʵ̫СˣٿҲ̫Զ׷Ͱܣͷһ£ҲŻˡһͨѾ谵Ұˡ£ǻȥɡ
׶ͷĵҲǸ˼жľ벻һңԶҪٿǵøȫЩ
ְοû£Ǽһ𣬿϶ܳɣ

磬ٶ졣
·ߣںҹǾͷټˡ
ҹԲܴڻûʱӰ

ڷӦ֮ǰ׶Ļ˼һ·»ô˲һɹҲӵʰ˿Сֵʯͷȥ
ǸסԼİ·ˡЩĽŲ׷ϣεĲ°˺׷˾ȻֻǸСӣ
׶˹ȥôСˣ
ûڵϿԣ׶ͽˣѵ³һ仰Ǯ
Ǯɱˡ
׶ĶһʵҲҪ֧ŵġǰϵʵȫǺˡ
׶ðһ亹ȻųѾˣ
ǰǰҲСǰҲ˲ɱȴͷһ
̶̼仰ĹǱѾ·ˡ׶ץſʯͷȥиӰȴ죡
ץſʯͷܹȥ˵ͷһ£
û˵ڵأ
׶С΢ȥס˵˫ȡ
ƺʱֻȥ˶̶һ˲ַ·ȥһ͡
ǲԼͬͣʱ׶ﱧס˫Ѿᶯˡ
ġġ
׶Ӳ˶һʯͷ
Ŵ
ͷڲԶİ󺰣׶гԵˣ
Եģ
׶ֻԼҪѳȥƣȻ֪ںδֻһᣬֱȻȻ§סĲӡ
סǵ߹ȥϣߣ
ԪԶһĻϷ뿪߹ȥͷҳ˸ϣ֫ȫ
կѡ
Ԫ̾ڱӣϸƴˡֽһ㣬ؿпųëĺ롣ɵôϲȡذ׽˴ж˿飬ٻһҹʱ䶼ԶԶˣϣϵѪ꾻ѭǼߵķȥ


2 µ
ԪĽų̲Ȼʮ궼ǵ룬ǰһƬôɽܲˣ̫𲻾ãͿһĴֱ̹ڵƣ˫ͻȻӿ
죬Ǳǻ˼ҲԶɽƺֻһƬ˼ң˶ʮһ䣬ǵһƬĴյĶࡣȵ磬ڿһŸͷŮ˱ϱŸڳ̵ŴͰˣȥ
Ů˿ͲӦڻ֮꣬ϵĺԺһߣڱһѡһߡں滹ǸŮ˺ߵСȻǱصˣ
쵽ӱˣӿ켸ܳһǰǸռҴģ
ȻͼŮ˻һͰźӰܣȻûܣǹܣȥ
һˣ
ԪҲԶһ㣬ñɽϵ˷֣ǸжҲǿһĻܳҲ򲻹ͣͣŮ˸쵽һߣɽͷ￴ˣżӿŲܹȥץסǸŮˣ
ǲռҴˣץסǸŮ˱ϵĺӣŮ˹ȻˣĻŮ˴ͷ˵ͷҪҡ˵ţŮ˾ͳؽ󣬽һɣӾͻ
ԪɵǰһŮȻûʲôɫʤƤַۣ顣ֻ˼ֶ֡ʱȴʮѧŮؿڣѰ˵ģ֮ǰи֮ǰռҴ徭֮Ͳ֪٣ҲĴѰңš׫ôһˣȻ˼
Ůɬؽ˼ҡͷû
Ԫ̾Ҳ׶༪ˡ
Ůܲܣµ̧ͷһҲңС˵ܷܲſҺӣ
ԪֿɻŮ˱Сӵĸ첲ء
ô˵Ԫܷ֣·ϣһ߷ʬ״ң⸽ɽпкˣ
Ů˵ɫʱѩף
Ԫ˻Ĳﶼˣ·Ҳǹˣɼ˷˼Ϊ׶ܵأػ򵱵عٳ飬⺷Ϊһ
һ˵һ߿Ů˵ɫһʱ̣һʱҧмΪְ˼Ҳһ񣬶ҪزССĸ첲ŸӣȻӲֻҪ顣
ȻŮһ֮ͱס˫ȹǣ롢۸ҡҲ㲻Ҫȥ١һ˵һֽ⿪·
ԪȺҡͷ㲻һСŮӣǺɶֱǸģ㲻죬ֻҲֻ־͸ķݣôӵõܷɱǲڰʲôˣɷ򣿶ӣ
Ů˸ˣסȣҡҵģҴСҰģ
Ԫպ˹ãعҲǲŵġ
Ů˱סƴƴͷӶ߿ˣҲᣬ˱ȥ٣ʲôУ
ʲôӦԪʮҪ⻨֮ڵŮӼ֮ˣҲԸ⣿
Ը⣡Ը⣡Ů͵̧ͷϲ˵ֻҪ˲ңԸһ̺ˣ
Ԫļңڴ˵ع¶ġ
Ů˾͹ڵϣռҴķ֣صĿͷռҵϣϣϣԸ޸ˣ
ԪӦؼң㸸ĸôϴӦڿң޷ޣŭ
ŮæҸĸҲҲˣֻмӡ
Ԫһ飺Ŀϼңƭң
Ůˣģĵģ
ԪΥģĸĸ֮齫ðĶŮҪΪūΪ澣𲻴Ӧ
ƵŮ˷¶ĺŷ
øĸŮ˶ĺŮ˾ֻˡʵĿޣֲҡԪȴĽڻУƴˮ첻ҪˣֻҪĴʲôµģҪ㷢ģҵĲǡ˵ͳһöɫ̵壬ŮӵĲϣҼ洫壬Ҹ׽ҵģֻжҽ͸㣬ԺͽǵĺӺòãգҾͽϰɣС֡
ս˶µģȾţڼ˰ϣӹϵĺӰϧĺţϲĶӡ
ԪЦǺǵ˵Ҷ˻ûкӣԺĺӾҵĺӣֻҪҵҾˣ
սǣŻصӱߣӵľͰ۵Ķںӱϴ
Ԫս֣ϴľͰһţһֱźӣ·ɣұ꣬мˣһжкᣬսսĸûˣ˶ûˣҲŰЩӶ˼ңԼļˡǧ壬һǸˡ
ȥ·ϣս߽ԪﻹмӡԪϲ˵ǾͶҵĺӣкҵĶӣһֽգǶ飡ŮһǼױúðǼ޳ȥǱ۸ҲΪǳսԺ¾ͽҰɣҲͺٶӣǻзԣ´
սߣպҸһС
ֱһ
һ˾ʹ˸ȫˣ
׶Ǹ·ˣɡߣﻹСܵܣܶû취ܣֻýץס֣ĸǸˣ
磺𣿡ʱֻ˵ıֻǵͷ׵ͷŷ٣ûп׶˵ǣ϶ˡ
ڡվߣɬ˵˸µҪ޸
׶ȻҪԵģһ飡Ҫӣͽıڵӣ⼸໴ҲҪˡ˿϶ûģ
µҲ׶ˣ¶Ц׶ȺأǰһסĿ¶׹⡣
Ԫźɨһ۾֪ʲôˣһȺʧ˸ĸ˱ӻһ飬кЩ壬úõһδزдáŮУЩòªĿСǸüϸмơ
ɺϣǡڴʱ˿̣ò˵챣ӣ
ԪŮ޵ʱͼϲʱеͷ
ͳ˵ĸ׳׺ȻǵԼĺӣֻҪԸս
׶˵ûʲô缸ҲװԸĵͷ
Ԫ˵Ը⣬ҾͳǮʳһܸǸһӣǴ򴲣ֻҪԸºһ
ҪʳҪӣ
׶ɫŹΪҪȫڵӦ˼ǮҪʳǣ϶ز˱
ʳԣдס缸˹Ȼԥ
սڻ·ϾѾ˽ԪĻȰǾ˰ɡ׶˵£е
׶֪ǿСһ
֪˵ĵϸҪʲôתӣ򣬶߹ȥ˵֣Ļ
Ԫ̷µܵܣӲ׶ȵ˵ԺͽнҽԪŮ
ͷ缸Ҳܿ춼˵
µܸϾ˵Ҫţ׳ȥʳѰĸóáȥЩԵģЩǴŵһߡ
׶͵͵гȥ˵СģǴߺ
ͷţûҾɱ˵ţűߵһʯͷ˵ߡ
µԲˡ
׶Сܾܵ˯Աߣȴ쵽˯׶ҹ͵͵ˣһֱұۣץһʯͷһĻĵͷͲСˣû뵽ô
ڶ첻µʹˡǸ󳵻ˡ
׶ɵˣû뵽µİʳľͷˡ
ԩͷ
󳵣ʳľͷ
µսԺͽеˣȴܺҪˡ
ӣֻ׶н硪н䡣Գƽ֮ЦСɣԺͽн䡣
ţн
ȴ׶֣һнȣһнڡСĵܵܽн
󳵻󣬵ͿʼŴͶǷˡǸͣǰһȦʣмǸݣиöȡůͷ˴Сܾܵס˸С֮ǸݣססǰĹֻܲŷ죬˵ֻһȴˡ˵סůأο⡣µʹŴͷ˯˯СܵܣСž͸
һ˿΢Ĳ
Ϊʲôôã磬н䣬ǽ硣
е񡣡ָ۾˵
𣿡ûӣһֱ֪Լʲô
ԽԽˣסڴžʵҲôûδܰ죬СܾܵͿ϶ȥ
ڷҲȥˣԺҲ϶ȥݣҪм
ѹ
ƮűѩԪȴһɳľվѩǰǽ뽪кܴ£ЬܴȫǱϡȴûֹΪڽաһܶһЩĻᡣ
ԪƺǰǵԼĺˣֽ̽뽪ϰ䣬ĳսͽȡڷֻ֯ҪСܾܵˣĳֲֻ̨֯á£ůڵĻֻҪܵ棬ʲôҲϴŽԪ·˶кü£ƤͲЬÿٷбмֻѼȹʱͿԳˡ
Ǹˣ
šҲ벻Щ¡ôͶ룬õʲôأ


3 Ŵ
ͽˣĹӶСֱ۴ϸģһߣԹŹʮס
ĹӺͽԪһǳõġԪһʼʹһʼľŹɽܣԪںŹ׷ͽܵʱѹˣͲԷҪʮȴƨɣʱվţſ¾ҪϽվð
±󣬽ͽĸͷϴһأҲܰѹˣܸԪԴúܡ
˵˭ֵˡǾѩ֮Ҳֻܴ£ƤֻĸУԪϡ뽪
䡢ڡ˶ûСû˱ԹڽԪ֮ǰǱҲƤԹοôʳÿÿ춼ܳԺܶ෹ʲôòأǮǽԪģǡ뽪ǼСģֻƤƺܺ
Ƿ˺ܶ಻ͬԪƺĽҷָƶˡ
罪ͽӶûУֻ˯ڽԪǰ¡в˵ڣѵʽԪΪʲôЩľͷǼ㹻˯µĴ𣿽ԪԸóǮö٣õǮҪôҲûָֻšΪʲôľͷȴҪһȣҪܡӾôǵģܽԪס̫ƺһˡ
֮ввֻнȫԪˡϡڡȡȫĵĳŷ
͵Ԫ˵ͽҲҰѹӵȵϥ£ȻŹǵ뿪ǵϡ
뿪ǰ¿Ľ˸
ԪԽ¶Цݣôڴ˴Сıѩˡߵ˵»ȥʳЩӻ
ߣӻ߹˵Ѿպˮ
ŽԪıӰԼһ£ǽԪ䡣
Ͽʮֲϣƣ糾һͷ׵ͷºļȴȻʵֻʮϣ壬ᳬʮꡣ
ټϺһı֣ټꡣ
ԪǱ߽ŵ˿ˣֻҪͻƵֻñŽСȥ
ȻСﻹ
СһСֻôʱϴûѴ¶ͰѲһճŵݸһھ͸ˡ
ԪʳȻ࣬ǶܺóԣóԵһϸɫףѳԵһִڵĻҰɫĹãʯҷۡ
ϡȺͽʱҪֻҰɫĹԪýϸһԣֻҰɫĹͳ˽䡢ȺͽҪʳ
ÿһ䡣ֹΪãΪݽԪˣȻҲѽԪһٻнЩӡֻнԪˣʵеΪǶŽԪɽԪֱǴ治
ڹ۲ֻܾ֮ѽߡ
伸ڳԵɫճţָ˵ûѩˣҲû磬ȥ𣿡
ǰͷȻ˳ȥھʱԪϰڴϴ󿪴󶯡
͵£óľ죬𣿲ұ㡣
ľҡͷͰľŻ£ϲ£ů͡
Ѿѩˣһ䡣
˫סĶ䣬ܽݣֻ¿ĵطȡůԳȥһߣϻůһ㡣
Ž߳ȥԶ;һѾ޴ɡ׷ˡ
ŮУԪȷʵϲ˵ظǡһ㡣ûڡ˵лֻȥȥϴ·ȥסȵȡȴԽ˵һɡžҪϣҪ̫յ㣬㳤󣬾ͻһϸѩļɷǳ䰮ġȻһѾ޴ɡʮŸɡǣȻɡɡľǽ뽪ż͵򣬵ûһسûɡ
ûΥԪκһ仰
Ž䣬͵ûŽѽԶԶ˦󡣽Цһ磬Ͱͷ񵽽ͷɡ׷ں档
ԽС˵
һͣĴŴ׷Ǻ󣬰ɡڽͷ
ʱǱȥָǰ˵
ǱĶʡ
ء˵˵ſдô
ˡ˵ЩʳһܻнԪ֮⣬˶ֵأǰĴﻹȻЩˣѹϾ֣ܸϴء
Ԫȴû㣬˵Ҫֵأ˵ûˣ»ȥһЩ֡
ʳô죿ԪЦȥ򡣡
жǮأͲɽգ
͵͵ʹûпԪжǮ˵ȥʱԪǷһطȻԼȥ˱ĵط˴ȥˣǶΪʳҪǿȥģʳʱŴˡ˵·һܣ±׷ϣһֱΪЩ͵ġ
Ԫй󣬻ǺվԶܿǰɡﴣӰСǸš
Ǹǲ
ӴԪʣ񵽽ʱûпˣ
ҡͷûСʱݣһ˺ܾá
Ԫûʣܿĺӡ˵ȥɡϾͳȥͽڡһˡ
Ԫʱڴϣ۾˯Ϯ˯ǰ˶һ飬ꣻһĵͽ
Ȼ󣬽С֮䣬ȴǽġ
ϵӲֹһ˫۾ȷû¹ãҲҪŮˡ
̽ͷڿ䱧Žɡˣ˵ĻͷԽ˵ˣ
ϸϽճû˵ʰһ£ͿԳԷˣ
ȹܣȥ
ȥڿ׼ߺ󣬽ֻûȥһأ̫ˣ֣ｪڸɻ
ĺϲ˵Ȼ̫Լеĸоʲôоܸӣ𽪼ʱһϲõˣһ˿˿ġ֪Ϊʲôϲ
ͷǸСϺͽСԽ˵죬ҿ˸˵ǵģԺҲڣ˵
ʱֻǺʲôͷȥδô壬ǴʯģƯĴʯ
г˰ƴ״ò̵Ĳ֪ǻƻ֣ɫд̣߰ߵ㣬ʵİ͸С
ȻԪ˵Ժһõİ񡣡
ǣһСӣһŴһƺֻɡδһ񡣵ԪվµʱֻΣеĲٶϮͷ
ԪЦ˫֣ӽаѽӹѾ·ûкζˡѾںӺ룬ȺͽԱߣǰûв;ߡֻ;ߡ
С飬Ԫѽ£ſ˵ϣŽҿ
ϱŽʱԪͽѾڳԷˡֻ֣һֺӲĿһ̣ЩԪȫꡣһճţϲԼҲȫˡһ˺üֹϡڡȳҲһ룬ȥճŻ򿾱ͽԵһֱӲڸиãԶپͳԶ١
ϻճźιܳԵúˣ̣ԽʳȤÿֻҪ̺ȡ
ŷڻߵļˣҶˣͺá
ɽϵĲݿʼʱȻ䡣Ԫͷֻ˴ͷֻ˶ǰʵͷͷٳʱƯܺÿ
ҲˣֻͷһƣµͷС
ʳĿԹˣͽÿ춼׼ȥȥǰˡ


4 
ů
ɽϵĲݶˣɺԵСҲƱƺ춼ء
綼ůġ˸߲ҵվɽ¶ӭ洵Ĵ磬ڳҲᶳˡ
ұɣľ컹߲߰ɣ˵
̧ţƤӾͺöˡϴľ죬̫ӲĥţԪ͸˿ţƤľһ
̫ҲƺҪһЩɡܱܣɡء
֪ͽĶ̥ǣɡпյëģǰǾٲǱɾܾһʱ
ЦϣЦڻᴩľˣ
Ż£ܵһɽ棬ͻȻסȵȣǱߺˣ
˵ûɽ²һˣһгӡ
ͻȻڳ⺰빫Ǳɽˡ
ӳԶɽ£չʲôչĶܿԶˡ
չϣһо͸Ͻ˰Сȴһ˫ԳۣǿܵߣָǱߵ㿴Ǳʲô
չþĿԶ빫һλСӴһˣ˾ɡ
ɡֵطʲô˻ɡ
еǣչ
ƥǣչ÷չҪ乭ֹɣǴŹ˵ʵ䷴չôԼϵĽذҲȡˣȡñӴϣߣ
ǹˣҧҧ֪ǰץ˵ľӾܵÿ죬ܲ
վǱߡɡֻҪ
վԶңˡ
չòܿǰǸŮʱѪҪˣҰ֮䣬ôһλµŮӣ
ǰһȵͨ
æͨݷϣ
չǴˣȻر
Ҳûпڡֻü֮䣬Ȼ롭
ǵýԪ̹

ľҪǰץסʱɡ͵ɨȥչһֱŽ䣬Ӻץס·ʹһ˦˶ʱغ«ɽ£ʤ׷ɡɨͻ̣չֻסʱûıӣߵ
Խˣˣ𽪼ܣϻǱɡֻɡڸղŵĴеˣֻʣëʹЩأɣתۼܹɽ²Ӱˡ
չôʱŰͷ͵ķ빫
ͷղŵûۣأ
չҡͷˡȥǵµɡǣʰ
ʮŵɡǡɡǣϲЦҵȰ
ȻˣҲؼˡչ÷ɽ£¡ͷóӵĴȫº󣬲ǰߡ
ˣңˣǧҪǣʧ񣡡
俸ŽɽȦܡҲԶѾӭˣһɫԣŵˣǲǵˣץ𣿡
ʱ˶ܳˡȡڴݺ澪̣Ԫһ࣬˶̱ˣȴ췴ӦԽȺͽں̰ʳװǣȻ˵Ԫ±סܣʳܣ
ȺͽתȥʳȥԪԪȴֶԽ˵ѽҡ
ҪѽݹȥͱڲϺݺһѣһ˻Ծɱס˵ǡǱ
Ԫ֣ѽҡ
һΣ䲻ΥˣǰﻬԼԪһˣ˿ǣ˵ǡģ˵ͨݣ롢ң롢ʣʶ𣿡
ԪЦˣѽ˵غ£·ˣͷҲˣ»һ
Ƿ̨°գȻǷѾнԼˡ
ʱ䣬ԪһֱĴϣϲһݣֻúͽȡĵطѾ·Ĵ˯Сǰ˵һûһţֱԶ˻ֵ
ˡ˵
䣺ʲô˰
֪˵֪ǰǸʲôˡҲ֪Ϊʲôôǣرǡ
ӣԪӣԪӰԶԶ⵽µĽԪʱĹ³޺˹ͶصſµشޣܻĴմ·ϣ϶С
Ҳ׷ͶصĹ졣
ȫɵˡ
ŴӲͷԼûͷʽ䣺ڿޣϷؿ޵ûҡ
һȦҲˡѣҲ
ֻȥĺԽ˵㲻Ҫޣ֪ʲôˡǿ޵ʱ𣿣
ݺϡȺͽҲȫˡ
ֱĽԪȴֻǺĄ̇ķ򡭡ûȥ
ҪˣɡԪ˵
Բλ಻ϽݡɣֵطʲôýģԪȻԼߵȥͽһϵ·ˣľҲˣʣһӡ
Ԫӡʵӡܿˡ
ԪΪʣ빫Ϊζ
͵̧ͷϲ֮ɫԪӣαҪˣ
㽪Ԫٳţ仰Ҳ̲סܵ𶯣ǰ¶һ˿ɫ
˵úܿ죺£˵α̨޷һֱʮ£˷ŵ̨ͬ֡˵αͷβ仰û˵һֱ𶼲ˣ
ԪֽסϥǣȻе㲻ţ𣿴ױϳ̨ѾȥʮˡѾˣҲȸ׵ʱ뿪̨ʱ͸ˣΪ֮ǰҲȲαѶѵϧǸ
̨³ԪĸףĹӣü̳λȴ󣬱̨
ԽԪ˵̨һвȥĵط
ų̂Ը׵ӡģˣ֪һУǱ˸ġ
ĸ³֮ӣĸϹ׵Ϲǲ֮ٹ죡˶Ϊλһλʴȿ͵Ϲ³һڸã
ȥ֮ĸȴز͵ɳɳƫԶԽԽأȴѾλŭ֮£ɽʱĸȴͻȻʧˣ˵ǱαΪĸϹαڼλҲϹͻ鹫ȥĹȴ֮ױΪϹֹϹûǴ壬ҲûĸӭλףαŶӵԽĸߡ֮ĸʧ٣αŮΪ󣬸סôȥˡ
ԪʱСʹɳ͵͵͵ˮ֪һС
³Ĺӣĸױ³λϵǸαô๫ȫӶʲôʱ򣬲ܵûرһУ
ʱѾˡ


5 ı
ǸͷӽͿ޸ͣ˵仰ҲҪ޵˺ѷΡͽԪ˵ͲǱػҲŬô˵ˡ
ֻǽԪļ绰ô˵ߵĻأûнǵ˼
òԷĻھͳӡưͣһֱ˾ֻԪ˵ˡ
Ԫ˵춼ˣƺŷʱѾȥܾˡ˻û𣬶ȡͶÿܲˡ
ʲôʱܳԷʣһֱ棬˯ʱ䣬ǶҽݣȻԪû˵ǾָоЩʲôǲģֻҪץ˵ľСֻ֪ʲôʱܳԷ
Ѿˣ䶢ŸĴֱġһ飬ҡҡͷЩǲ˵ȻȻ׵ġ粻ڽԪ֮ǰԷڼΨһһ׼ʱľǽͱסϺ̡
һֱſڸ͵ι㡣
æܾÿο۵С
ʱǶԪڽнɡ
޵ᣬͷ߰ġԪݸһֽ͵ʰһ°ɣˮһ㾻档
ˮĴɾ·ͷˣԪһŮɡ
ֱͦö˶ڴŸš
꣬һλСŮƹţǳ䵭ûǵĺ֮ɫΪ⣬Ԫڿ¶Цŵýһͬϣָŷ˵Ƿ빫ɡ
վȭʩһ
ڻ΢ӳ£ֻý뽪Ԫֱһģ̳ģֻ˫üۣе̬һ˿˿ľ
λŮӵǺ
ֻ֪Ԫշתദû˵ȢޡԬ뽫֮Ů޸ԪԪŭȥɼһŮǴ򶯲ĵġϾǹӣǸα󲻵Ȼ
ղﻹСĿɼԪڴ˵Ѿͣһʱˡ
׮׮ĵ׹һ飬⣬Ҫ̻عһҪ˵ǰӭعӣ
ʢΪﾹȻһ㣬ɢĶˮһѵõļȣǷ֮׸ԪģΪϺͽǶƴ㡣ԪҲз˵˵Ѿܾûˮˣ
ֻ̫ϿԪҪʱܽš
ԪԼһ룬ȻЮһ飬޵ֽ̣н
һӵ£㿴Ҳ㣬ȹ߹ȥһڳԵˡ
һֱ۲ţ¶ϲɫ
Ԫģͼĸóԣʣµ㣬Լһڣιһڣα޵ȫι
֮⣬˸ʳҲڼ˴ףȻڻûѿǣдۣͿóԵձˡ̶ͺСһ棡Ԫһ죬һͳһֱţ͸ץһѡ
صСݾͷָϣҲһȰ˺ڳŰѹȻſСǰн䣬ͽжĶЩȫǸԪġ
ܹ棬ץһ̶԰ɣҲԳԣղѾ͵͵˺üˡ
ι˿źкˡ˵ˣ֮Ǽ¾͸ˣζʱ۾èһԲˣ
Цɣ
ƺڻζָһţԣ˱ԡѽй
ܹȥѽһź棺ܺóԡ
Щԥ֮׳ŵӽӹŽһ£ƴˣǻҪᶫء
ȺͽһֱˮĿ˺ܶ࣬ԼиԣҲԶ˸ɾȪˮһٶˣǴӰյҲûꡣ
ǹʱܹȥȻˮæѺָǣܺóԣ
ûڱǼţ˱ǡ
кˣҪµܽ˵
¶õЦѺСǱ߽ڽȣҷŹ
ˣȸϽܻȥˡ
ΪҪһ˯ԪǽŽȥ˯ڵϣԪͷ˯ڴϡ
˽Ԫܶ³£ǽ귢ġ
αԼҼŮΪȴֽҵŮΪˣݡ
αѡŮʮѡΣ䰧ɢѹ˵ȥѡֻҪ˵ˣʹҹȥѾӣŮǵĴԡ
Ԫڴϣ
ˣȻƣȴһֱûйӽҲʱ뽯˸ս꣬Ũ˾ֽ˹ӵҲǵĶα֪ȴӶ֪ӲǱӦ
ֻԪҲˣһЦ
Ȼ˵̽𣺡һŮӣ֪飡֪
Ԫס죬ʹҡͷ빫ʡҴӦԶ˵ȥ
Ȼı졣
֪ôһϢԪ˷ܵĶ˯ˡȴ÷׷ȥֻװ˯졣
꣬Ԫɳǵˮ󣬾ѾõáɳƫԶд磬죬ÿȵˮԵķﶼɳӣ׾･˥ȥ˵̨죬ʱƻƮƮƮɡе޴ͭҲٲðƳɵӳԷĿӣҪȶپж٣еŮ̴ȫۣüĿ㣬˳ӡ
ĵط˼
ˮɳȫͬסڱ˵ļе˶ĵķ֪һУ֪³֪˸ףϵαгƺһж»صϣ׾٣
ǣҴŮ޸ʱˡ
˵ȢΪޣٹ죻αֻȢ˹ŮΪ󣬳ЦôܲǹأҪȢΪޣЩĻ죬뺦
֪֮ԭȢȢġĸȢҲϹֻͣ˵˹ʺˡڵݺʹԶȢġ
֡ǹȢ仰ȥûиһֻܼȥˡ
ֻǵ꽥ʼ־ԼûкûãǸһ޷ȥ𣿵ǹȢһǵبŮ޸֮䡣Ȼһ취
֮Уһλǰж飬֪飬ݲֻη롣ڷ֮ǰѾΪһá
Ǿǽᡣ
ȻͿȢˡ
ֻû뵽ǣϽ֮³Ҳ˴仯ĵһ˲ĳǷҪԣܿ;ҪȥΪûнعȻҪӭȢ⣬αһѡŮǾ͵ԼԼûĵϹ󣬾ܱͻ鹫ȡʱ䣬ڹվȽŸԼþͿˡ
ֻҪԼ֣ûܲ𴩽ݡ
ôţĿͶڵŵϵϡ
ϡͷҪһ¡Ҳصģ£ܽסĺ


6 ֽ
ΪǼҶ죬û뵽ڶԹ緹ȲĸˡǰҪĶȫ£һٶ̴ӡ
Ҵһ߾Ϳˣȡֱɺˮ¾ܵǡӷǽȫǴˣͲٵĻᱻ˰ɱˡ֮ǰϢͻطң
Ԫڣ빫ֻһ첼¡ˣǶ߰ɡ
ʱ緹ˣԪšΪѡеʳƥһЩͼƥ
ûټ֣½Ԫ͵ûģֻҪϻعѽԪϢ߼˵һǰӭӽԪʱԪͻˡ
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬û緹ʹˣʱʮ󳵣ʱЩȫˡԪŽվɽ¶Ŀǡ
ܸˣǳˡ
ʲôҲû˵˶ܷܸˡȿǵӰˣԪصң˸߲ҵ˵ͽȥжµǼֶ̧˵ѽȺͽҲɡ
ȫǲƥҴ󲿷Ǵ޲ҲѾܲˣʮƥĲڼʱ˶Ļ
ԪЦֽ⿪üƥϣ˼ƥȺͽڣЩǣÿ·ɣϴ·ȫϴʱģһǾ£ǾȻԾ·ȺͽڶţǱŲһľ֣㶯һѲࡢٰ
ǷֽԪ˵֮ȫͶصĶԽԪдˡ
ǰҲƥɲֻüװĲסˣѲȥʽ䡢ϡԪ𣿡
ԪøĲûΧĽűߣģ
ʳлܶѬ⣬ַ㻹кüʮԪռǣÿ춼ҪһٷָҲȱԣЩ͹˷ˡԪȻÿ춼Ҫһ⣬һֻѼʲôģÿ˶ֵܷüƬ⣬ôҵɫɿĺü˵ĸҲ͵ϴڣ䡢ϡ
˶ûнÿ죬ƺѳȥÿһڷ˳ϣ̶̰꣬·ͱµˡ
ȥȻûϢ֮󣬽Ԫ±ýÿ춼ܶʱվɽ¶ϳ·ķ
³ӭһδȻһ꣬󣬳˴ˮ֮⣬ûöе˸һ㣬ڣѾв˸ˮ
̨е³ûȥȻס̨ڣ˵ÿùժ¥ˮǰ衣
Ѿûʱˣе˵ͷӪˮǰûһ˿磬ˮ沨ƽƾֻܵĽ쳹ˮ鿣ķҡǶ̹¶ȫԶˮ鿵ĵطʯıҲͻˮ̫ˣվ£ŲҲһĿȴûдѹһ룬ζʲô
ȴ³Ǹǳʴȵˡ֮ǰĹڼλ󣬾ͻԼֵͳڱĵطȴ³ȴֵܣϷΪζŴ絽λһֱУֻϲŻؼҡ
ʴȲûлֵܵҳϣ󡪡Ҳ˹е֮һԪ֮ʱĴΪڷɥʱڰʹಡ齣ڽȴ³ͽ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƽһͳ̨ǣرѺɳǡ
⵱Ȼ棬ʱûԡΪ󲿷ֵ˶Э顣̨°գҶˣаȴ³ļ壬ǶΪɳǵͭ˴ӣ˵ıҲԵòôҪˡ
ҲԼ˲鷳λ뽯ȷѣǶóԼҵŮΪ󡣶ʱܵõһλΪһλõϹ͵Ĺλˡ
͵͵Ϲ˹飬˳ҳϺȢ֮⣬ϹûлӦĹţ뺣˵Ϲλ£ȴҲûСĻڴһλȥϹ̽ʣ뽯ҷˡҽʳŵԣǾȥɳӭشӡ
ΣֻٻţȴңֻһλԼһ󣬵һŮֻˡΪִݵʱ˴ϢĻᣬûԼŮΪȻ˽ŮΪˣԡҵҲ޿κΡ
дӴҲûա뽯Ϊ伫ĺ󹬱˰ѳ֣ȥĹ˲û취ֻùѡŮֻϳ谮ˣ뽯˵Ļ֮£ٶҲûãǶûлºӡ
ۼҪˣŮ˲żˡ֮ǰһĺӣҲ䵽ڵ³ЦǼҲŮ빬ȴһʬ³
ӪҡŰŽȣǷһǲͷ򡣵ܳ£ҲӦģҪӭؽԪҲǰ棬пܵǱ˵ͷȸɵˣժӡ
ڼвڣܳ˵һӭؽԪˣڼеĵλһܴԷӪļС
ܿѾˣҪӭؽԪΪʲôǷҲһأҪ֪Ԫû󡭡
ӪǸӣ֪˭𣿡
ҡͷŮӿʱԪӦڽݡ
ݡӪ૵ݽֻаʮ·ǽԪĸʱԪĸ׳ƽ꣬½Ԫĺӣʱɸʮˡ
Ҳп֮Ů
Ҳпܣֻ֮Ů޺ûʲôԡӪ
ЦסڽǣԶԶסȥοŮ֪ǲǶ󹫵ģĸˣŮѧҲ档
Ӫ˵취һ£ӣߵĹ˿϶пġ
ĪǣΪӭȢλŮӣвж
粻ǲ𣿡Ӫ
Ŀɿڴ֣Ӷˣ
ӪֻҪݺʾû⡣ολŮǲǵỹδ֪ء
ѾˡΰǸ϶ǲӲӥ֣翴أ
ˣΰ󣬽Уҡѳڱ˵Ϳʼˡ
̾˿ԽýԾɡ
Ȼһæ磡ˣ󽫳ڱѵģѾ˿ˣ֪鰡
ΰȰҲֻǡԾҵȲſԽ̨ǣ󣬽Ҵ¡ԼҾڼλ֮ϲˡ
俴λֳ͵ǡҲءսȭͷƴȥ룬ͻȻý̨˵Ҳԡñ˶磡Ž硣
ԥ̨ԾȻã԰ѽϴøɸɾĺоֻʣһˡϾá
ΰ磬ҲԣܽҲǿ԰͵ȥټǸҲûʲô
磬ðɡԽΰʹ˳ȥӭԪߺ󡭡ת䣬ת潿أ


7 
ȿȡס죬ĿţָŴ˵ϡϡ˾ͼæѿˮߵĴȫϡ
ļ̨ϣƮϢ߳ĻöˣͱðԵˡ̨ϣҲŲĻ㡣
͵͵Ǳ̨Ǻ˵Ļ
Իؼˣ
ӭؽԪǵ볤ƽĶӣǽϣˣ
谵ĵƹ£ľȻܵĽ䣬ѹȥ磬Ҫʲô
ͱýӲˣղŵĿϲٵһϱȥ¶һ׾ӵġɵЦŽСʱһ˵ء
ˮأ⹬дǻȡˮ֦Ҳõǣɢųζ
Ÿ磡ס˵Ҫؼҵġ죬硭ҲؼҡõĻԽƺһеĿȴһҲ²ֻܱܿ۾ɰͰ͵˵㡢ڰʮգ̨͵ĵطȥ˵䣬͵̧ͷе˵ס㣡ȰǸطɣ͵ĵطȥµģˤȣ㲻һ˰ӻؼҸκãȻͿڼû֪㻹š
ڼžĹУٵȻԡ
ĿҲ뽯ԣ̨³İҲǰ٩٩̸ʱ˿̣û³ǰҲûڹǰĿࡣֻܽӲڽǰӦһ
ЦˣľǸҪͽСŮðеˡ硢ɩɩСҲѾȢ˰ɣ
յͷûһ˿磬ȫ㵽
ڵű飬̨ȥʹˣǶѾ𣿡
˲׽Ϊʲôڹô֪ű飬Ҫ˰ɣȻ³ѾܾöλˣǻҪġ
Ӧÿȥ˰ɡ˵𣿡
޵һֵ֧ݸˣҳȥ
Ѿ겻ˡæӣѽȥȥǱߡָŽ̨
̨ǵ㽫ĵطֻ³ѾмʮδΪϷ֮ߵĵط
ҡҡλε̨ȥҵýЩͷΡŶͷƺÿǰһ϶øһ㣬Ķһһεʧ
̨֮ûأܿһݺʯ̨䡣
Žӣͣ¡
ãȻˣ
ЦҵȻ֪ͣ£
ֻý£½Σˡ￴򣿲ūȥţ
áŹ˵һϽ̨Ӹ£ǰԶܿһţӹſʻ롣
УĴ磿
¶һĨЦ
͵ƿ˷֣ȥվڳǽ֮ϣ
ŵüУˣ˰
ǼĺѲ
Ŵ˷׷̧ͷϿ
˭
ʲôڽ̨ϣ

緢ţͣˣô
ȴ͹ڵϣᣬңңָųǽǡС㣡С㰡
ʲô͵³Ь˲ϴ㱼ǽ֮£ԶǾִϿˡ
߸ߵĳǽϣһССӰҡҡλվͷڿз裬ȹеĻꡣ
˺ţ˫ǰܣ
ǽϵĽͷһЦͶְ
һ¡
סˣΪԶһʲôſڵϣһڵϵ·ǲˣǡˣ˲ô⡣
ǰһ׵ҷбһΣѪȻźɻ˱Ƕ
ʲôǴӽ̨ģΰŵĺôĻȽһĴ˳˽ͺڹǰȥ
ҳһš
类̧˼ңһ뻨ˮ˹ѹ󿴵ȫΧߣΰ̳ٵˣѾˣ
ΰϻҩ룬ЩӦ磬㻹ţôߣ
һ֣ߣ׳
ΰֻҹǡ
һڽ翴ɫԣü˶ȥҪ룬һ֪ôԼá
̧ͷɫ԰ףɫ̣Ҹ˵ˣܻؼˣ͵ĵطҡʹȥˣҷ˺
§סҪ룡ǽΪǼһ£Ķԣúã
磡䱧ס磬
Ҳӿʪ⣬ס޵ûĵܵܣ˵գȥӽؼҡ
ҹ΢޹⡣
ãĴϣ
ʴˣ
˵׷ǵġġ
ȥ̽һ̽
̺Ӵ˻ת˵ǽҵĳƺǽΰ
£ֹңʲôϷ˵۶ࡣ
ӳݼ˵ս˴ӳǽˡ
ȻЦ̨૵գҪƹˡ
ڶգ˰̧˹ſڣֶͷТڹſڿ졣
ֻ£ɢ棬ɫƣؿڣָŹŴ󣡣԰ҽҽУҵĽʹʧ˿̬ˡ
ΧΧ£˲ˣŽգҲû˾ԽΧԽࡣ
ҽҸ㽪Ѿİٶˣ㽪ж꣬ҽҾ͸Ƕ꣡𷮳ǣɳǣˮޣҽжжѪҸ㣡ʮ߸ˣ滹ҵĸףҵ常˵ģضĴ󺰣Եҽ𣿣Ե𣿣ҵĽҵáԲ㰡
һһſޣ޹˼ʱѪĭˡ˶ΧڹſڣٵüǹſǽҵˣǽĽ
ǶһʸŪˡ
ҳţڷӪʣʲôͲŽ粻֪Ѿˡ
Ӫ˵ǽɫͺܲÿˣǺڵס
Ƿңһ
αӪ
һڣ˿̣ǽԪ͵վѲɽҲҵ˽Ԫ
ӪûлشԶ׼ġ
УҪߣ磡㰡磡ŵܳȥЬˣСͯںץЬУ壡壡Ь
ӪԶﲻǲڡֻҲû뵽֮ǰɫ˵־Ͷ֣Ѹ׼磬һ֣η塣
˵ǽͲµʲôȻ翪ͷͱк֡Ӫʹɴװɵһʡñϡֻſڣ֪ǲưոݵġԼңֻҪƤˡ
̨ǰˡûͷӬһĴײ̨ǹȴرš
ŵĹڣһСĹŮڸߴĹǰҲҲµ÷
ʣô죿
ڹһˣɫ£ͷϻ֬ȴŵ˵ӵӣɪɪڹŮ˵һʣأôûΪʲôǻû
СŮ֪ãȻ޴˵ܰɣ
˼Уȥܵȥ˳ǽȥˣһȥ
ƿЦ·Ҫ衣СŮŵ˶㣬ƺмܹ˵ţȥǱ߿˾ס죬һҲҳ
СŮĿ˿ӣʲôҲҲ֪Ҫģˣûи߱ˣɱ䲻Щǻġ
£˵Ҳ
СŮվ˵ūȥԴȥԴǣ
԰ͷϵĽ𻷣㣡㣡ȥԼǿǾͻĻˣ
СṴ̊ѽ𻷲ǰһ˿̣˵һ㣬Ҫҵˡ
СŮˣֻʣ԰һˡ
ǰ³ȾѰĹסˣҲûжٽЩĴײұͱŮ˵Ĺȥˣᵽ
԰ĻԼ档ÿһĶߣסĺ֪˫֣졣
塭ᣬ壬Ȱ
ɵŮ۰ѣƯʻ˵Ӧõ³ֻ󡣡
ǣĵסߴ̨Ȼ³ƤɳڣϻһɶĵζͲ谮Ůˡ³ֻҪվ³ʲô취ҲûС˵ڣʲôҲصġ
壬Ȱ԰档
ͻȻű߿Ŀ
Ļҿ
ҵˣ
԰޺ţţţ壡壡Ȱﰡ


8 
ʳҰˡëܸ˵ֻԼܳҰˣ䱻ϳ²ĲһҰˣܲ˵ҡͷֵңȥϴ˵СϪУϴ
⣬㲻Ե˰ѵľʯͷϣڼɲԪҪϣһһܷݣӰ죬ϡȺͽҲ˲·̫󶼻Ͻѣ
ڼΨһһͷŵֻнˡ
ϴһҰϰĵĻЦϴϴˣô԰ûɴֱӽɣϴÿɸɾˣ
һ۾Сˣ˵ߣӰҰù˦ˮ۵ҶӣȻָֽӽ͵ڸȻ򣬡˺Ӱ˵Ұ⣬ҲܾûˣЩء¼ͳһ󶴣ʯͷڿӵףߣһѸ֦ӵȻһȥͼֻҰӣ
һ˺Ӷ߶һһ׳ͷεĲ˿Ҳĵ㣡
߶ʱ㻹ûأġ߶ʰɾˣҪѻƿЩȥȵȣҴΡ
ϲҡĨҧ֡ùߺⶼĨһΣҰһϣڶٰѻƻһͻˡ
죬ϪߵĽͷʽ䣺ȥð˰ɣ
һӣż֦֦˦졣
ΪǷԺҲûţԪԽԽˡ˽ûİƣϡȺͽڶ򡣶صǽͽԪһֱڽϰ䣬ǰٶ࣬ϾǴ򰾽ǵʱһʼǻЩġҵʱҲܿԪǹˡ
¿ɲһˡ
ԪһֱѧĶǹӣԷڹͷװ˼ͷǰӲһףɾҪѪˡͽڽԪ¾ǰķݣϲʮˣ
ҺǷҲҩڴ˵Ѱҽ㡣ôҩͽû⡣
ǲܰٶ򣬽Ԫһ仰վվֻȥӣҲûжȰأתȰΪǺá
ǽ䰤˴Ȼҷﻹ֪ûġ˵ԪңȴϲŽŵĻ
»ȥԪᷣҲȰԪĴǿΪʱԪŭͷйˣԽҲýִ֮ģҲûôҲء
ɣһ͸˺üһɵû֮ǰЩԼ֪˶ۣѧ˶ٱ¡
һԪôͻȻˣ
Щû취ǰǹҪɵԪͷһ붼治Ҳ˵ڻҪɱԪһЩӦõİɣ˵ʲô֪
ͻȻԶֺȻſϣͶء
һЩСʯƺ΢΢Ķ
վ
ܶܶˡ˵ѻѸߵСϪ˵ʳͳҲ̣һأ𽪼ɽܡ
ǿ컹ǿ죿ſСʡ
֪ܵһɽϣһƺ߼ǡ񱼣ղŲöʳﶼͳڵϡ
Ӻƹȥ﷽ԲʮڶֻһˣЩ˿ҲһǳŽԪģ
˵ǰҡ
޵ҧҵ£ɽԪǲԸ⣬Ը⣬ûġǾͲ룬һ˲ĻأԪ죬зģ϶Ҳģ
һҲ
ôһ룬ǲģ
䱳ǰҵɽºȥɽʱſȻɽµһһѽ䣬Ǳߣ
һۿĿѣϧڻûѧҲֻһذסֻܵøЩ
Ǹ𣿡ϵķuʷ
ǡһԼ˽һֻýuɣǹˡҪǣԪڽʱu뽪Ԫһ֮Ե
u޳һ룬䡣ЦȻμȺˡ
ʵ׼նΡ
ǡɿĸ׸ǺˣuþӽݣײؼҡҪ֪ԪڽʱȾֻˡ
uЦֲӣô֪˭Ҳǲܡݺ޼ɵĻ֪֮ǰҩԾ˵Ҳ̥ҩ
һѾûˣΪβ˵
uƺŷ˵˲˵ģҲ˵ˣȫ˵ʲôóԾģˣϲĲռôУȻϹ̽ʣţպʳزͶ𣿡
֪ø̫̾󵨻̫á
ʱ䣬̴ӦѾѽͻȥˣ˲Ųص
һ˵ȷˣǽΰ
˷һɷķuƥȾƣȻ֮ĵĽ·ȫֱ˸ϣֻͬˡ
ΰuʹӵۣuΪ⣬ūβ죿
ΰһѷu˦󡣷uϣΰΣŭλҶ磡
uūū֪ŭŭ
ΰͷuͲ࣬ɿһˡuuںҵĴ˶̲סǰȰ棬壬ںء
֪ΰͨ죬һסȷu
u΢΢һûбΰ˦ɫĲ죬ϲ粻ˣҪ˵˵ս뽯ΰĲС
ΰһϲ
u˵ڽһȤ¡
ʲôȤ£ΰ
uǸƥ嵽ǰˤһء
Ϊ
˵uһתˣñӡ
uЦʲôϡ棿޵ɹپôŭūң񶼲Ըоˣ󹫼ܵһŮʹ˵ǸŮҲǶ󹫵֡
uҡͷȻǵС¡˵һӡ
ΰ͵תͷûµĲ㣬ǾǶ󹫵ĺӣǶҪ˵ݹ湫ñӣǾˡ
ΰˣعζӱӾҪuûһʵĶд£紫ˣĲ˵󹫶¾Ͳû֪
uʼŲɶ磬ֻ֪ȷд£󹫵ȻŭȻϷ˸ۣԼȥǣǲں硣˵վͲˡ
ΰһԸ񾭽ţɽ˻еûع


9 Ԫ
´ӽ䱳ϱܣһȴԪôʱһɫõĸ˵㿴糿ķ趼һߣӶܳĳҲûһŰˡ
㻻·ͷԪЦ˵
ϸϽѽƣһ߶溰ȣڶ
Ⱥͽæǽݣ쳤ֱۣ·Ѿ⿪ɢĽűߣˣˣղŶû˵
֪ˡȶ°µ·ڻ͵һۣС˵ֵģҲȥ˺һ͡͸ˡ
Ҳˣ
ͷǿ˲ŻŵģԪôˣ˵Ƿˣ˵Ϳϡ
ϳɵҡͷ֪˭û˵
ȺͽڶܸˣǷˣһִ˺ܶʳͲƥ
·ͷͷ֮ʱֳԵúãӪ㣬ͷѾ֮ǰôݻơһͷţ̾һͷͷҷҲЩ
˵Ųطء
ڵǣ
ϰοˣҲصģеڣҲи÷ġ
ŮɬЦýŷ֣ѾñϻҪˣûлԱֻϱǶ˻ҪһЩ֮ǰҲͲꡣ
ʰˣȥԪڶ֨ĽЦͣƽʱٱûôˡȴܸһסЩ㲻ڵ˶ôģԪԽ䡢ȡȻܲûѪԵϵ̬ȲģԪҲͲˡ
֮⣬нôСǼ˭֪׵˭Ԫ϶ϽԪˡԪĴǻµԽҲûģǽ
ʱڼſҲܿЩ֮͡ˡֻЩ˲ԪҲװɿڽ·´֮ͺȥˡ
Щ֪ʲôƽʱԷ򵥣ɷ죬˿ҪʢЩģԪ³ءڿȻûţ̫ªԪ᲻
ϣҲĸŮվǰ޲ߡȥʽͶԽԪ˵𣿡
ԪЦˣ
ֻнԪܳԣҲͳڣôʱڽ˵Уǳͳ˻ʵ۲ܳԵζԪ֪ͦģǾԼһ˳ԡ
½ָ˳ԡ
ȻԪǾͶһ÷Ҳ
㣬ôҲ˵ϵķ˼ªˡ
ҲͻˣҲȺͽڶҶ֣Ҫ
㣬ɽˡ
ͽվ⣬ҲֻǱȭȴûÿ·
uϳǵʱŽ񱼵̴ӣʱٿֻһͨж಻ڣҲ䡣
ս
ܵôգؽԪӦ˼
ΰʶͽԪûֻҪ棬Ųϴˡʱڷʰ©ȥš
uΰӡ
ԪݺΣʱţĻ죬Ȼ֮⣬Ȼ˶֪ͳĲͳôƺͳ˸⡣ֻܺĳһӣʵڲҺ
uԱ߹ֵԪӣɻǵõСе
һй¡ΪҰѷuקˡΰҲˣһ۷uһ˵ȻԪоɣǸɱ
ĳȥͨλԴ
Ԫǵˡ
סڽսңսҶĹӦʮֳ㣬Ϊ˱ܿĶĿֲҸӴסĵطһտׯ԰̺ҲֻˡԸ˴۵СۣͳȥϵС¥ȥһ
ϵС¥кܶˣ緢ԪཻҲһܡһģõѡ٣ø裬ʶʶģֻҪ˵ڣͻ۵ԣΪڳ͡һǻû֪Ƿɡ
˼һݵ˶ҴţվµĽȻվñͦ
˼Ƹ衣ԪͻȻЦԱߵĽ˵뿴𣿡
Ƹ裿
ĵѵǸԪ˸ŮˣԪĻֲ̫˼
תÿһλõȣ룡
ͷǰ·һýΰǰ棬u󡣾㲻ģڻҪɫǲٵģԾܸ˵ǰҵԪټԪʱҲֻܸں档
ȥܿԪݾӵĲˡΰаϲԪ䵽סֵط˵ǸϢû꣬u˫һƵõط˴ɽˮʤݻãһ˵һ߽Ųıݸ㵹ˡ
ΰһѪĿڡѹһѹԪƣʱȴòڷuȻзu仰˵˵ƶҪˡ
ԪԶԶľuͽΰĻߵǰˣϳˡǰȣǷֺδ䣬ȴ˪ˡ
ѹв죬ԪЦδҿһֱĵأ
ΰˣһҪʹȦպ죬ԪȴҪuԾ۽ʱҪȥ
Ƿu⻰ҲӺ̺ˣȡҵĵ
˿ȡӣu´СԪӣ˶֮С
ΰ⽪Ԫ֮ǰôðڲһǸǸҵѿ곯λҿй֮һһڽҺԼҵļл°ˡ
ΰɵðޣǺ󲻵˵ԼҾȻһݣе֮ˣټǱˡ׵λԼһʸ֮أҶпֺýԪΨԼҲܣΪԼҳ˸󣬸ΪԼڳλʱ̹˺ô͵ŽԼקĻᣬǣһ֮ԼȥȻ
ûԼǰͷţԪֻǺǽˡ
úúãû뵽ôˣһӡԪ̾ߵ£ǣuֵͬٶԷδ빫һ򰲺ã
æʹӹ
˶˵ˣԪҲҹ佯ΰһ˵ѾˡתͷԽΰϽӺª
ΰæЬӽ˵ЦˡȻ̾˿Ȧ˲ˣֻЩġ
uһΰɾ֪ʲôϳ޵ʱعͷԽԪ֪ǡʹʧ
ΰĻûü˵ͱuȥ޲ҧһڣ
Ǳ߷uѾѽǽڵ¸߽Ԫˣ̾ձ̾꾹ȻȡִһȻΧ˶ˣΰĿۡ
ȷuΰٿڣ˵شޣҿð
޵ôң֮ģ֮˻ԪֻȥһΰϣסԪͿʼޣӡӰǱαȥİ
һ۾͵ɴˣ̲סҪûֺ޳֮ˣʱҸ֮λԼҸ˺Ȼ󽯼һҪİԼͽȥתͷ͸ԼһҸɵˣھȻ˵ǱαȥģαͲѲȢҵŮӸ˵ˣ˭֪
uסС˵ŭ˶ˣҵȻô˵ô˵ˣǼҸαҲûϵˡٽװûϵһŲν
׹ߺ޵£Ҳʹ޵Ľΰһۡ
ΰ޵˻߲ͣ£Ԫ˷ȥ£̾û뵽αȻɥĲ񡣡
ǣuɫαʩԹصˡ
Ԫ̾ȸ뵽αͬһ棬˭λѪֲԸ˲ƣŹҹڶȥα˿Ḹ׵Ŀģ
uһ̾ԪЩ궫ҲûĹ񣬻˵úƯģôһϳ̨ǣǲܣ޴ʴȣֶŸԸλɳûҲûˣԼҲˣǾһˡ


10 
Ԫ˻ΰҲһǱˡ
зĸϻʳ㹻Ҳܹο㣬㡰ࡱˣҲ㹻ιˡ˴Ĵ˶ɽԼ˼ơ
ĵû֣һҲ콪Ԫǣû˹ڽԪߵӡ뽪˭
ԪҲԷʱѽгûнܽ˼ߣ÷ʱͽǰһ㣬ýΰͷuɨһۣȿʱ̣ҲչˣæңýΰͷuаԳԾ
ҹ˶ֻܵɽ°Ъһ˻ܸԪͬߣⴲʵ˯ˡ
ҹԺıuˣһ۾Ϳuǰ¹룬󾪣ҹ˯ȥϻ׽ŪΰˣҪǸôȥ׽ŪԪҪȥϵˣ
uһСĸ˵϶ˡ
ӦˣȥĶһָɽ˵ȥҴ˰ɣ
uͷ
ǰһڣȴԼͷģһʱʰãٿu룬ͷһ˿ңǰһţ㻹ȥ
u㿪һţίͰ͵˵ŭŭȥʲôãֲ֪Ǹʲô˼
Ѿֻѧ࣬˼
uָָɽˣǼҽһ̨Ҳҡң˵ҲָܷǼһǼܳʲôۣȥ˵ʲôһ̯ѾˣȻҲɵˡ
ֻһӽԪûнΰǽԪҲֻҵģýΰԪ뽪ԪҲĬڶ˽ңԪȻһҸĶ࣬ͻ׽һҡ½ҵ걳ףԪʱҲýҽ
ҲĲֹһˣһ磬зԼ˵ĿӪȽڷӪ£ߵǲ·ӡ꽪Ԫ֮ϳ̨֪ҲûڣҪ׷泯Ҳ˲ֹһȱ˶ͷˣŸȥλʮ꣬Ӫйְȴʮ궼ų̂ˡҪ˵ɳʲôûΥҺԼһ̨أӪȴѱ˳ޱȣ涼֪ʲô÷ȥǼͷͺðˡ
Ҳ˶߷Ӫɣu֮һȻҲԼһܵȥҪ˵ԷӪû㹻֧ţҲ
һֱӪżҲ˵䣬Ҳвɴʱ˿ŷ֣ǷӪڴˣڽΰѾðҹȥҽԪ֮ʱӪпľǼװ֪ͷ˯
ɡж˭ɾһҵҵĽԪҲѵҪͷ˯𣿣
ܴӪӪԸٻȥ˵ӪܣΪӪӦ
ת֮һƨ
uͿŷԼɫӺ쵽ףˣҲǷ
壬Ҫֶа취uǰ˳һҲȥֻҪΰ˵ģ嶼ͬˡ
ʲô䣬ֱִʲô⣡
uܿƴҹ۴УԸþ֮ˣǽΰֻҪ¶һɫϲ˵ض죬Ҳ˵ʲôʵڵģֻҪأ֪ҷҵľС
Ʒζһڶˣˣˣͷ£
ҹɽ·Է˵Ǹ顣uʱֱӻ˱ȥʣ㲻ͬȥ
uԼ½ЦɫֶҪȥ¡Ҫ÷һУǱڴǰźã棬ӿʱǲôġֶʺ޵ɫuͬ˵ϳֻܿԺҲٳڴǰȻ쳤վãѱӲΪġ
ֻǷu壬ܽҲôֱ׳οuƢڷҲġֻö䣬͵£ô˱ɽˡ
ϵʱ򣬽ΰѾѽԪëˡ
Ԫȷʵд۶˼ԹǸʲôҲȷʵһ֪ղųԷʱû̫࣬ҪڰڼӣҪýΰͷܳɽ
ٵҼ죬뽯ΰҹˣΪڷ֮ǰͶ״æˡ
ΰʵǲ̫Ԫġס̨ȢϹΪɥʱһͱЮֳⱾ£湻ʲôˡ
зģǶֻ֪Ӳ֪ˡǱԼܸܵƭˣԪһпܻԼλ˾ȻҲܺ޷˶û뵽ġ
ʱȱͨңȻ볯ԼȴǴٹһġ޵Ķ黹û˵ԪĵȥɳһѾˡ
ŵϣڻسǰԼʱһӭ̨ãλ
Ԫж£ΰ治šҲã˳ûӣͬڵѪԶˣЩȥĻᱻһ״ȥΣŲòǧӭ
οڳǰҲǺõģԽΰҹûԪڴͶЧġ
ΰܼ򵥣ȢһŮΪ⣬ʲôݣĸ˭óԪԽ̻ͬ𽪼Ѫͳһ㣬ͼ޵ҰɣҲϽŮΪĸ
ԪȷʵȢһλŮҪԼ
ûŭսΰճǰһֱţֱΰ˵ҪϽŮΪĸվŭסڣӶң
ΰһЩˤǡڴʱҲˣ˽ΰĻϽС죡֪ŮǺ
ΰɴ˫ۣԼ񡭡ʲô˲õĴܡ
빫ԣԪȡ
Ͻ죬Цͣΰΰ﷭ˣ
Ԫ˫Ŀѹŭ
ΰڲԣֱ¸˼·һʱҲҲĻ˵Ҳ
ҹ¶أĳͲλˡԪ˦䣬תͿ͵̬
ۿΰ˴ĳŽΰ¡
˸˳Խΰ˵Ҳ档û˵Ͳ˷빫빫βΪСӽǽһɣĿڵŮǺ
㾹Ȼ˵ҪŮ㽯ŮΪĸôĿ˵Ҳһ˦ӣˣɽ
˽ɣת۾Ͱѽΰ˦󡣽ΰֹ߱ôѵʲôɣҲǿԪͬдһ˵㣬֪ͺˡ˵ԪѾӦˣǰ˵ҪŮΪʱûз𽪼ŭɶ
Ѿ˽ʲôˡ
ΰ૵һҪ˭


11 
ΰҽԪҹ̸£Ȼ֪ġʹһҲϹô͵ʱٲ֪Ԫǹⲻǡ硱̫ˡ֪Ҳû취ֻܼӡ
Ψһ֪ľԪͽΰ̸òǺܺã佯ΰԼ˵˺ܶ࣬еﶼ͸ˣԪ䶼ûԣ֪ΰ˵ʲôԪͻȻŭҲǻΰͷôˣԪǳӮ˰ɣ
糿Ϊ쳳˲ԹϽΰͷûһִǶõ緹ˣԪҲһЦͬ͡
Щˡ
Ǵдķ
緹󣬽Ԫϳ桱ˣֻýϽȥɢ
ɽµƺԽԽˣͻȻѼӵĽýߣɽƺвµļݱһȺȺڱ̵Ĳݵϡ
ȥȲ뿴ˡ
ԺֻҰģһ㲻¹ӳ˽ͽ壬һ¿ôݼǾϲ
Ҳ棬ͱŽɽܡ
ܽ˾ܿɽµĶμһռ˶ߣһռϱߣֱɽĵ·ЩóΧһȦڳܶ˶ϯضԣԶԶĿЩڵϵ̶ˡ
չÿһĻ̿񱼶һһߺҪʧ񣡡ȻԶԶĳ˵ڵأһ𺳵Ͷش
ڽ䱳Ͽ̲סһ϶Եˣ
ɽϿ侹ȻұŽɽˣֱţֲ׷ȥֻվºѽɽȥˣδ䣬ΰһܳԪһ
ΰȥû˯˻ؼţһ˵ҵԪˣ˲һ½ԪֹŮˣûݱȽġ
ԼҲһȦһס
ҪģǽݿǽڽԪģһŮӿɱһСӸҪõöࡣ
һֻȿڣӲصģչͷء
ԪǴˣ
ǡ
ΰҲӷģҼҵĴ˶ɣðŮӡ
һɫ
Ԫû£ӻãнţ¡
ý̫󵨣Ԫô˵䲢ûֻվһԡ
չõͶأҲչһͶʽҲм򵥵ĹΪ񣬻һЩû񣬶ԶԶıܿˣЩ˶һؽ
˵𡣡
Щ򵥵ĻԪ̸Ҳͻ⼸䡣
Ľ䣬ССָǰĶȺߣ
Щ˿䱳ŽȺȻЦ˴𳤳ĿڡȺжŤͷ߿ȻƺתЩ쾹Ȼʼת򣡾ֱӿ
չþָŸղŴڵ˺̣󵨣
ǽ̿չŴЦ
תͱŽͷܣչѾǣŹ׷ţ˵и׷ˣй
ܵÿ죬˲ͰѶ˦һΣɽܣԽ˵Ұ£Լܡ
һô죿
û뵽˿ڿˮ˵ɱˣ
ãҲ˿ڿˮ
Žһţתͷ񱼣ѾȺ
û󿴣ԼܣȥѾˣҲƵĽЮܣ˵ȥｪ䣡
һ͵Ԫǰ
ԪһЦ⣬ڻǰ˼ߣսȺ죬һƬֻչ֮⣬ǸڵҲȺûý˫ɱ죬Ѿʮֻ죬ȫŤϡ
˵Ǹ
ֻȺһ˾׼ץסĲӣһ˦ĲӾͶˣһӣ׵죬ٽץһ˦ֵһֻ졣
ʿԪ޵
Ҳˣԭ˴׷ǾΪչʾ䣡ԪԼ
λɱɱÿȣЩֱˣҲ죬סһֻͿʼܣ;ƴűϼڣûŤ϶Ĳӻ˳ŤϽţȻ˵Ķ£ȥץ졣
н˵Ȼ䣬Ҳܴ
һչҲʼżַſһչһץһѼһһֻ춼ٵģһ˫죬ֻ졣
Ⱥܾڣܿʧ룬ɢӡµƺҲչԼ׷ȥ죬л׽ҲɱģһܴڣȻѾɢĶȺ£ϳһѡ۳ɹеĶࡣ
һϷ̾Ϊֹ
ԪЦͳԽɱĶɡʽ𣿡
ȻԼ˵ĳƻ
ΰͷ֪ʲô˼ȿ˽䣬ȻƼԼҵˡ
ΰӸղ޵սûֻ֣ƽ̼ɡ޸ĸ޼ҵһˣĴˡǰĳԬݼͣͽ˼ңԹƺͶЧĳȴ˵е߲֮ɫ
Ԫ֮ɫŨϾ죬δȴѾλ֮δδҪͶǡǡ
ͿԪʼֶе㶶ˡ
󣬽̱ΰԪ£ȥˡ
籧ֻ߰ˣȥ
˭챧ȺͽڸϽӹȴ֪ôã˵˵ǽ緹ҪԵģ
ȺͽŸʼˮë
ղɱҲһëͷϵĶëժС˵Ǹ˺Ͷ¡
е㵣ĵ˵ǵҲӣ
ӦòᡣҡͷģҲ˭յġһ£С˵Ǹ⡣
俴󲽹˲ϸ˵վһ䣺ȥϴϴȻˡ׷˼ַ޷޵ͣȸպýɱ죡
ɵĶûɱѪŻóԡȺͽڸհˮϣԽ˵Ѷӱɱ˰ɡ
ץֻ죬ȺͽҲһֻ׼ȥӱߡҲȥӱߣ׷Ž˵㲻Ҫ䳳ܡͷпڣá
Ϩ˻𣬴Ӧһ
ǻͽһǰһ󣬶ץżֻɱĶ죬ϡ϶ûˣŷġ
βԼ֮仹Ǳĺá
磬ÿ˶ֵֻܷ죬㻬ɿڣȻֻĨκͻҲζжޣΪԺⶼֻܳѬƵˡ
緹Ԫ̸Ũ³һ֪ڽΰͷĻУƺʶǸҹİϤĹҡ
------
ΰȻȥǸç򣬵ȴײǽҲͷˡϣӴȥ˷ĳӳѾǽˡȻҶܶôҸʵѲǺܺ
ΰ÷رзӪڣҽ˿϶ԽΪ
ֻҪӪһ죬ҾͲܸģȻҽ˶ԷҲкô
Ժͣ˽Ԫǰ㷭綷ÿ첻ܾͻ
Ŀˮ絽ΰˣǡǺ
ÿԪ£αĹ£ӴҲһ³ҡ롢˻̨öԷֽԪġ
ղŽΰ˵ֳuĴ󸸣׵Ϊʲôأ
˵ǷӪǿַϱɣϱŭԾ
ӶˣûзҲ⣬һߣӾ˵ΰȥ˺Ȼ򲻹ΰһ˳ȥµˤ⣬¡˽һǰ̺չñȼ
˳ÿ࣬ϳͷҲģ˿͡ĺܲԸҲܺá׷ʱΪһŵˣԹ緹ҽ䡰Ǹˡ
ǽµģΪҽˤӣˤ˼غͿʼָ㽪ôˤܰˤ֮Ȼ˽ͽм䣬쵽죬һֱڻı䡣
ԺչҲҽˣ޵Ҫ̱ԡ
ʹӦˣҪչñȹ
ͽ͸̻ˣ֪ǲΪ콹̻һ˿Ҫչñȹ˷վһԺХкãȻҲˡ
˻վѾռ׼һʵıԣĴͰѴҵעȥˡнΰˣҲзˡȴҪҪŭĿԣѾˤˡ
ۿξҪã䣺磡빫
ǰֱӰѷһҲǰ֣˸û÷Ľأְ̧˻ȥ
ŵһɢ
ýֱӿʼԣֲ˵ǵĻżͼͻȻ𹭼һ䣬һ֦̼ݵķԶİӣɽϰŵǶ⼸ЩĵʱԵģԹʣµƤëëȵصسǺǮ
չöԽȵľǰѶԷ򵥣һԶڶ˵вԭǸƽı
̼չһźƤ͵ˡ
ã
Ư
ֹɽϵڽкãɽͻȻм䵽ַֻһԵҲˡ
ԪڰοŽΰɱڵӣֻס˵֣ҲȥȻ뽯ΰͣ˵ã˳ͻҲǺΪѵģֻߺϡࡣ
Ԫ˳ȥΰһ½ͷͦصĸںȥÿչþٹΰ֪չǷˣЦȡһö赣ڴǰ䣬ûвͷöϵ޾ֻʤߣ
Ԫһ졣
ԪɫʱˣҲ䰮һöʤߣ˵ո߸߾һöɫҰ׵ı
Ԫɫ
˿вͷӮ˷
ԪЦǱ䣬βչ
˱ͶԪ£Ч½̡Ȼ֪⽪ԪǺεֻ빫ҪǰڲλѾǸˡ
ԪĻȺ̷׷ս
ǰӢΪһ˶ݣнԪͨ泩
󣬷뽯ΰһۣ㡣
͵Ԫԣǡѡ


12 
˺ܶ࣬ͷ첻һˣѴѵĵһˣϽϺͲͻȻ˺ܶƺɫİߣһʱ
ҪٿˡҩѾˣǰõҲȥˣ԰ʬҰֻһȻȪҲ쳶á
¿ҩ룬磬ҩɡ
һҼǵý껹мӡǽԪүүҲ
䲻ЩǸʲôЩŮūʱס̨Ҳū죬ȳռ̨Щ˶˳ȥҲ֪
ȥһңҼǵǾסǸ
䣺롭潪ԪҼֵܣ
ӣҲûгĺӣЩҳȥͷ̺ͽɡ
һ־ûҪ磬αˣЩʲôܲû˴ҪǷȥ⡣վ͵ȥɡ
ȥǡˣȥݵߵĶˣ
Ӧÿ쵽Ԭˡ磬ǸŮ𣿡
ҩЩ˼һ޼ɵδǰūʱЩŭعڶʹŴ˴ӽߣ׷ʮﶼûнݣ˵Ҳúܡ
Ц˵Ǹ϶Ҳ乫ҲǿˣȢҲס
⵹пˡ
˵ǽԪȻЩܿƵ곤ƽٵ꣬ڽݣһˡҲǲܡƽԪʧ⣬һ֮»ϧһȣ¸Ҳ
Ļ֪Уޡ
ȥܵõ֮һӡһӡһ٣е̺˾͸ˡ
ȻƵ
˵һ󻰣ˣֵȥɣ˯һ
æӷ£Ǵ磬ȥˡ
£ǵãûкӣ͵Բ˽һԸɡ
ԥҲ¶ģȻԲɱЩʲô塣ŽϴˣʹȥЩס
˵ð죬ֻҪʲôأ
ʡȥңҵס
ǡ
ֻҪӣҪŮӡСѡͼТ˳ӹȥúã´Żϲ
Ӧǣ
uˣ˳ţֱȥ
İĶӻ˻ˣҲһʮ꣬æȥӪu·ҲûЦöЪЪ
Ъʲô״󲽽uŭȣҹ£˵ϵһѹҪ
uͷܣϽſ˫סŭŭ
ƹܵȥ׷uס飬ŭ
ߵģô꣬˵Ҳ˵ؼһۣܵܣ
磬⺢ȻˣɼҲϻˣ˵Ҫ£ʾҪ£
ŷи߾ٵĹúֱ
·˵uһȥӪˡ
üΪȥ
Լûӣ÷uӿֶһƢԵuܲ˼гƵնӼңֻԺ󲻸ѶӼµǺ⡣ҲˣϧǴ磬ϸĸеãϨ׳־
ӪǸͬӪǵ֧ҪΣԿӪ
Цŭҵȥƣ˵ŷȥҷӪ
ӪuĻüͷ˴֣u˵ģӵƢɲôð
Ƿu˵͸ûһô˸˾ҿҲǸദˡ
Ӫҡͷ㶼ݲ£ദ𣿡u޽ԸвòԪ㲻һۿuΪ֪ҪҲǺѵ£û뵽uһͱԪˡ
ֻ˵Ԫز
uֻҪҲˣ㱾ûУͰ˴
˭ͷ׽պʱü·ҲµuΪʲôģʱ˵ӦǽԪˡ
Ӫɫãµʲô𣿡
Ӫҡͷ̾˥
ʮǰûˡŭȰǼģ
uһ󸸿ˣžƿӶӾ׽סվסл㣡
ʲôuȻ״ŮӣδĲýд󸸷ģǲٷɰ丸һλѵõļˣ
ѵõ¶һ˿ϲɫôã
uЦȻֻһ棬ҲԿͨ丸ῴԪɫҲʼձо裬֪ǣԡ
ӪЩ
룬㲻սʱôˡ
uſߣһߵҲأŮӳɣڴ󸸣һ棬ػᾪūңδ䣬ͷܡ
ӣЬҪܳץӪЬͳuҹȥһգuѾԶˡ


13 Ѫ
uϰãһ̽ʮ궼û£ԵȷĻʱӪ˲裬ĵ֡
ʱ׷ˡףڵɫ˵
׵һۣӵŵһֻЬӪ¿һۣͯȥһֻЬͯϴ󲻿ģ󲮸ղŶӵǱ߳ȥˡ
Ӫȥһֻһ˫ܴˡ
̤̤ͯȥˡ
׵˱ˮȣȻѾˣʲôʱȥӭӭشӣȻþٹͬȥô˵ûӪ˵ȥĻᡣ
˭֪Ӫԥխֲߣã
Ҫˣ⻰˵ˣ
Ͻ·ףŭתͷԷӪ̾Ҷ˼
ӪСʱ򰮿ֻ֣Ը˯ڸĸıϣΪǷҵ֧ʵӪСʱ򶼱Ծ͵ôС
Ϊңֻġ
Ǵޣ˽Ӫˡ
ӪųùЩ곯λȥǵСｪԪ丸ҲԵʧΪӣУⶼܱ˴̨ϳȥҲ̫ˣ
ҲԸԳЧңʮ겻̨
ǰϧգְ
֪Ԫ⣬ȴЩǮﶼң˵ڳŵʱѽԪع
ȳòˣڿмֿ̣ʼ޽Ԫˣƺ֮λĿԣ
ǰӪɷӪ֪̫ûƢػ·׿Ѹˣƽһ
ڣӪҲûһ
ѾתȦ˵˵ȥȥ㲻ȥҾͰ̧ȥ֪ӪҪͷڹˣ
Ӫϻûɿڣڶϣͯ˵ءӪЬһ˦űһһ꣬Ŀ˵һ˯š
ͯˣǰ˷Ӫѣ㲻Էˣ
Ӫ˫Ŀᳶ˺ͯŭĶӿͶˣŭӵſڴȥӪĺӣӪ£˸øˡ
ֲͯϴֻóȥѾѷˣߣеıʿˮ󲮣
šװǰűͯ˵գܵɱʮˣ˶ʮ󵽷ǰɱˡ
ͯˣŻ˵ʹȥֻܻڣѷӪ˵˵˵
ӪѾˣ˲ͯ´׷⣬סף˵Ŀģ
ǰֲ١
Ӫţǡǡ̫ˣ
׼ȣγԣ˵ɱʮˣٷһʲôǶɱҲɱˣնûе˶ѡ
Ӫѷ׳ŭװ㲻֪ɱĶʲôˣ
ƽûˡ
ӪŭҲѪ
ףѪԪһѡǷӪתȦͻȻЦأҸɵúá֪жһ֪Щ˲ãȴóһЩӪһҡڲ˾ֻȥӭӽԪˡu˵ĽԪպ֪£ضмġ
̾˿ҷ佯Ҷӡ
ڲ֮ϣ̽ȴȻٵܼ̽ĶˣĶƸ䡣ڹǳç򽯷˲ǰɱְ˶ʮˣһЩ˵棬ǲ˵̫ϻ
ֵգȥݵļ˻ˣߵһˣһ
뽯æԼ
˵ĺʹ˵Ĳ࣬Ҳһš
綫Ĺϵ紫˵ôȷʵϼ󹫣󹫾͸Ǯ͹ٽūͻˣ붫۹һΣڴʱһŮСҶԺ󣬶󹫾ûޣǴϵġ
Ҷ󹫴û
Ļ֮ܶ࣬Ǹнū̴ӣҲˣʱ湫ӹˣҲ͹ȥĻᡣ
Ҳӣ˾ͻӾͻڹǰûһӣҲ˵塣
ͲΪѣ֪ǲǡһ
û˵伱ҪǻӣܼӰɣ
Ϊˣҡͷ˵ʵ·
䶼Ҫˣߣѵ·Ϳˣ
˳𰸼ϵҩҵͷϣȥ뿴ӵŮȥ𴦿ȥ
䰤˴侲Ǽ֮ڿڵ£Ҳʵֱ̫ˡ
簲ο򣬡ܵܲ£㲻ҪϡȻɡ
ȥ󣬽Ż˵պлᣬһ۽Ԫ뽪
ûûԪ뽪ǽͲģ˭ģ
̾˿ǽ͸ҪĲ˭ģǽԪ˭ġ
СҲǽɣ
벻ǣҪԪ˵ǣǡ˵˭ĸףǾͿһŮĸסڣǲǰѶ󹫸
ˣȴǲ˵˶ñӣֲʲô£
ʧЦŵܵܵԴˣ㲻ҪˣȥʰһǸȥӭؽԪˡ
䵣ǵ磬㲡硭
һҪȥȥˣԵ֣ء


14 ³
ҶսսգôãҲ˳ĽѪûжӣͻȻȥˣ³ô죿
˱Ĵӣǲ˳أΪϹǰƺһӣǻֵ׳ꡭ
ʹӣĲɷ£࣬ºơϳǵС¥иҡͷԵ˵š
˶û꽪ʣֻиݼһ˵Ļо뽪ʲĿе³
뽪жأõѳ󻵵ʮ궼Ǻ˰
Ȼ˲һǧꡣ
˵ǻʮ꣬Ĵߴ²һŮΪԼǽϹȥˣʱʱҼҺޣƶũҲԼҵŮױƯƯģ͵ǰȥûбϹѡµģϧˣеڼױеԸؼң̨Ҳ˿ʣ籦
ʱð˳̾ŵ˷׷¶֮ɫǲԸݷĹǲ³Ӧеӣ
ƺһҹ֮䣬˶뽪ʣֻ˽Աڹ޼̣ȥպ³³ˣ
˳嵽ǰޣҹϼҴӳȥܵɽȥ³ˣһϦ֮䣬·ɥ
Ƶҡ֮ȫֽšû˭λ⣬ֲһžеġλҪϹݹ飬Ҫ֪к˹û˴󲻵òڹʮ꣬˵ȥˣ
ôС̨֪ôһˣھٰѽҵ˸һҳһȴҲһһϦ¡οһҳôˣ˼ҲҰֻ˽һû˵ôһˣЩڳλʱͱϳ̨ȮôҲ˲ٺӣֻĸ׶ʲôأһȥһͷٱ˻Ѫͳǿ֮
ȥһ
ԼҾټǱӣڹе󶼲ˣʹ󱻴ұɱʬ
˱ֹҲˣֻȥĹأ
˲֮أŵȿûת
ɳ嵽ǰЩµͨͨɱ˸ɾ
˱İ⽯۹ǸǸ
ԥ죬ʹӽҴһϢ꽪볤ƽһӣ
ǵ𾪣ԭǸҳ
ΣԪڣǾʲôⶼˣ
ǣȽҵǸһ˵ҪȥӭعƼѾԷŸŶǰӭӽԪ
ѾкܶˡӪʱ춼һݣԱߵķסȴԹԵ˵ŻżuҲǺͯĲؾó
uһʹ󸸶Ӫ֮ͬĴӦȥĶˣ
Ǹ⡣ԪںδĿǰֻз뽯֪ЩȥӭԪĶӭ
ӪһƳ̾
һߣڰָͷҶЩжҪȥǫһܶ𣿡
ҡͷڴֻܺˣȻǫĻеѼŮ˶ȥء
ӪǫТܸĸΣ
ӻȥһ䣺ֲܡ
ӪȥˣڴϻˣѶˣĶӲТֹܲˣŲ֪ء
׼Է˵ܶҲ̧ȥɣ༸̧ȥĸáҽ϶̧ȥģ˭зӪأ̾ôҲԴ𣬷׻ӲѷӪ̧ȥʲôӦ
˲ӪӪˣu壬ž͹ȥ壬һɡ˾Ͳˡ
ӪһǱ̵ͣʱĿѣᣬuݵһڳȥӪĴŭƴͯôüøˣ
ͯòӰл͵͵̽ͷҲϹߺߴߴĶиˡ
Ӫǰһڣ
ϽȥӪuѾƻ壡Ʋ˿ٰʮ꣬ʮٵʱأ
uϲϸۣ˵ôɫˮζԶ壡ԷӪ壬ҶȰ㶼ûŵζɼƸȾ̣ˡ
ҲվֵѾƸҳ
Ӫuһ뵹ƣŭ֮±´ǰȥͣȴЦָŷӪȻվվͲˣ
ӪʧɫôձߣѾ׼ˣ
׳ŷuͷҪڽƨɺͷʺ˭Ƿж
uҺһҵʯϣʹ죡ģҴ·ǱػȽһռӣ
Ӫ˶ţﻢ¡ֻӦðɣǾճ
ڰžͱ׸ܵϣһʮˣӰ˸̧ģȫȥӭӽԪ
Ԫʮʱ˻³ͷڴ֮ǰֻɳǹúһͺˡ
ڴϣϱŽúС˯ڴ齵һ࣬˯
µĵ˯ˣ䡢ͽ̡ʱµˣƬɽĴҡЩΨһֵľǲط뽯Ǳˡ
ʱ䣬ԪŸܵһؾеĵλħ˶ڴŷЧ³øԾ֮ϣûʳߴڲ࣬
ЩûС
ڣҪˡ
С뽪˯ú㣬Ϊںܰ
ô
Ԫû˯
˯ˣǾͱ˯ˡΪĺܰݶƷ
ż
ȻһֱûԪһ˵Щʲôܿó˶ὪԪ͡Щ⼸ƴ뼷ͽռǵλõ˶಻ʤ
Ԫһһܲ˵
ѾԲˡè̫ӡӸǡ˲񡷵ȶಿù㷺ξѡ
Щ³ȴྶͥ
еҪгǵıȫеֻҪǽȾOK
ЩǣڽԪϷϣʲô³
ʹǣָϢϢص£ȴƫƫɲ
ֻ֪ڿЩһȿֺڽԪǰʱֻп־塪ЩˣԪ׾ٵġ
˭Ҳûǰۡ
Ԫ֮ǰ϶ֻ֪Ҫϼ£˾ͻı䡣
ܿڷҵʱƽƺ˸Ǯʱзߵʱͱòˡ
ƼһϢһصĴϢ
Żڷһȥ֮Ƣô
һһһ˷ܣǸˣ˷ܣ˷ܾͺ˸һڱˣֱһǧˣһˣ
𽥸ǣҲڽЩˡϣڼÿ춼ȺͽһɻҲŽͽϰ䣬ʧ䣬رǽÿ춼ٺͽԪһԣÿһ춼ʧֲ˵ֻܼաرڻôոǿڣԲλࡣ
ԪҲˡ˵һһһ֮⣬ʣµʱ벻˳һԷҲΧϳԷˡ
Ԫÿ춼˵Ļʱ衢裬Ԫʱ÷ǻسȥȥ̷ǡ
ˣֻʱ̿ϡȺͽڣ뿪ߣʲôԸȥһʼֻнͽЩͶԪµƺҲܻʾԸķԸҲǽݸԪˮͷ;ơĸǼס˲˵֡
ܸоԪкܴҰģҰƺ͡һй𣿿Ǹ˲ͣȷֲǲһαװʱǵ˶öԷ˳Ѫֱ񲻹ĳС
ܾáԪΨһĿֻ꣬Ҫ䣬ڽԪǰòɣʱԼһƵˣǲӮˣӮٷǮˡ
ڶ죬Ǳѵġڴں䡣
ܿһ쵰˵԰ɣϲżġ
ͷҲҲϴվڴڳһֻ쵰ӣһʲô⣬ú㣬Ĩ˻ΣҧһھͳԳ⡣
˵ɽϿļʱ˴ҵĿԵ߰˰ˣһԴԴεʳԵˣȻ̣ҲԲʲôˣǳ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˲ˡ
Ȼ˿ڸܶණǳ򲻵ġԶѾʹˡ
ԪжţϧǮĹӦ
ڣʣµ֪֪סطûлʵ۰
䳰Ц˭֪
æʣʲô᲻ս
ҡͷ˭֪Ӿ
ðɣ
ʣסĶԶ𣿡
ҡͷſõ͵
ʲô֪𣿾Ǹʲôġ
ҡͷ򸣻ٰɣ츣
ϣˣ֪ӵҲ֪֪ж𣿡
ҡͷô֪֪³ûӣˡ
³


15 Ҽ
ʱ䣬ӽ䡢ͳ³¾һ궼ˣ˲ԲһɫѬĵļһƺҼǵõĶӡ³=ӣ衣
ӵ֪Ҳһֱ¡
ѵԪ³Ķӣ³Ҳиϵޱ
һ룬ܺ
һ¾Ͳôˡ
ǼΪʱ䣬ﶼ󽫾ֱһͷ죬˳ƻͷһҷ죬˳ƽֻҪ͵һɨǮˣǶҪ
ǵүүְ֡һȥȻͶûʱͻС˴һûҪ֮ҲˣŰֻ˼ңӶûˡ
һ㣬ǴȥǸֻҪеĶҪǻ׺ҲץߺҲҪǱ
ʲôǱʡ
һ֦ӽƽ˵·ƽʱſڵó
żٴʳĳ˱Ϲ˻𣿣
֪û˵Żѣӳϡ
Ȼˡ
ϼ˾ͼˣץ˵ĲҪŮӣ߼ˡʳһֵǮĶеĶҪŮˣǶ˵ͷˡˡ֮Ӵˣ֮ٻȥңֻʣưܵĴӣʬ塣
Ӷ϶Ĺ˺ö꣬Ƕϰˡ
˳Ծǣ³ˣҲ˵ⲻ³ľڿҲ³ľڵֿУľ³ĵؽܣֻǾ³ȻȮѡ
Ժˣ
û˹𣿣ѵ³ɱĽĹ޼ɵ
ʱҼ˵ܵȥسͲˣسгǽǽȥ
أ
سǲˡ
ΧĳǳȫճţĴǣǱ¾
³أ
³ڹڱء
ǶϰΪ˵³Цô໹ӡ
Ǵ˵ӡ
Ҳðݰӡ
³ҲǺܾηӡ
Īƽˡ
ĸ˵ɽԪ³֮ӡ
ûĻ˲ˣ
ֲЩ˶伤վͷһԭתȦҲԪһ˷ܵҲűˡ
˷һС˵ɱڡ
ϵ˷֮黹û͵ʳ˿־ĲҰס
һ˵̫СˣȼеˣһͬˡϽ䣬ҲȷԼܾȵ˼ˡôһ죬ԪȻѣܵ涼ǽԪˣɽ϶ǽԪµġʿЩ˲ˣǸһȺĶֻҪԪɱǣЩǲ˿ԥģЩǳԵķģкü˻Ϸ˽뽪ڡ
ƴ̿ˮûлɽĵΪö࣬˶ͽ˽¶˵㲻ǽԪĺӣ־òܣΪϲĺӣһ㶼׽Ԫ
˵ԪɱڣҲˡΪׯûһڣʱӵĴʱ˵ڣΪ˲ñ˴Ӵׯʳ·ľӵ¡
Ԫ֮ǰʲô˼ЩǲҲ˿ڣ
ԪǸӵ³ĶӣҲᱻڰɣ
Ҫ˵ţˡȺͽڡҲûá
䲻ͣսȭͷͷܿ¶ģĸ˵죬һЩҴɽ
𣬽ͽʱڻԡȺЦǶʲôСȹӡ䣬㱧Զ㡣
䶢ŽȰѹӵһ޴ʯУٱľһҹӣվߣ˵㡣
ϡĿһһֱµĽ˵Ҳȥţһأ㿴ȥ˽һš
ǶǱҫ벻ľǽԪͽÿ춼ŬŬϴ£ͽҲӦʱʱ̸̿ŵѧһУŻá
ԽͲԣ̫ûϢ
ľٵĵ
æٶȿ˺ܶ࣬ȿӶˣ͵ɸƤӣȻһûǵĹӣΪÿ춼Ҫ
ְѹӵʯʣȼʡҲˣ㣬ҪôɸʮŹء
ȥˮԱѾдɸõĹף˻ˣϰˮȥʼգ㿪ˣǰֻҪԼ˵ķ˽̵ˣÿ첻ٷԣһҲЪ
һֱڵͷȿǣҲڰæǵһָⱻȿǴ̵ʹ
ǽæ˵
ſǽڴףĹȥľ˵㲻Ҫȥ
ӱȽڸߵö࣬ƽʱȽ˵ЦǶϲޱ飬ûľԽ˵ȥｪȣˮһȥ
ˮÿźСȶ׵ģǰˮĶǽͽԴʼѧҲûˮͰˡ׵ָԥһ»˽ԱߣղŵĽĻˡ
ŽȺͽڣϡȺͽڶǿԴߵģΪǶϰʱǶѸҵߡ
ֻҪ֮ǰǴߡ
ֻҪԪǶܵġ
鷳ġ
Ȱô˵ŵһߣҪ˼ǣһߵʱ
ԪɵǣǾûܵıҪҪ취һԪʲô˼
ڶߵķʽ
Ĳ˵⸽ɽ࣬ȴûʲôֺɽȫһ޼ʵĻĵءߺǶ㲻ģõİ취ٶܵԶĵطȥ߾һýԪû취׷ȡʱ䡣
ܾ̫Цˡǽ򽪱ٸһȡںϣǱš
ڻô죬ѾŶѳɽʳͲԶɽµȺܾˣֻҪʱһѻ𡭡
нæܿˣڲ֪ԭÿԵķǰɸĹ׷ŵˮͿûץӡһ㣬ˮûԺ󲻹û춼̳ʯɱӿ˵ڱǰĺóԣΪʱĨκͻ
ǻԪǳԵķӻɸһǣľͼˣɸһͿֱˡ
˸ֹɵķ⣬ԭд۵ģϧͳˡνġۡҲܴɫֶлҵġשɫġлҰ׵ģһɰӡһˮŵʳζÿ죬رʡ̳ʯϣߦߦ࣬ѵõ޵ʳ
˺ܰ
úһľͷڴֲϣͽ佻˸͵͵һ棬ȻסˣİһߣܵӺĴ£ѱ˽ȥ
ǡ͵ɡ극ĽȺͽڶʱĿԣ˵ղùˡ֮ܶʼš͡
ȺͽŰݡ
ȵϣݣڴµȷᣬѱ˵˷֣˵Ҹͽġ˱ȫ
ͷá
ȻͷһͣűܽҹɫСȵҹŻſڴ϶˵غˣ˷ֵġǰ˺üһأڶˡ
С춼û˷֣ò˵˽ԪĸΪ⼸ĹˣϲɢģȻͻкܶͻȻ嵽ǰ٩٩̸ͻȻǰշշ˦Լ
ھǣĿ˶ȥˡ
䱧ľһĵĵţĿҲԶĽԪˡԼеˣȥ˵Ҳȥɡ
Ⱥͽ̧ľ䣬˵ȥɡ
ҡͷָԶ˵ǡǿǲ˰
ǰˣ
uıԡңָǰǰڻԾĳȴģϳġģкܶʱһ˫£ʮͱųװֶǣڶһĬĵӡ
uܻһϳޣ˦ı޻һ㡣
Сڣ첻ˡϳҲշ룬̷ңҲһѣuһˣľǷףλǰ緢ڵӢۣڶ桰ء
ˣܳŵסuôо񣬲ЦһָЦ󲮿챻ۻˡ
uڵһͷһֱ˵㣬±Ҹϰ
Ǻ󣬷u·һδͣԷ޶ڳϽġuе˲ݣ·ʵʵϢֻи·ʮͻȥˣ͸ųһ·СܾУΪߵʵڲ죬Щȥȥء
ҳггɣֶֻܿԼˡ
uС󣬱гϣ˵Ҫžˡһͦж˳ʡǲ̫ˡ˼һأu˵˵ʶˣȥˣһƥ˵
̫
չţ뽪Ԫʮʱη񣬽Ԫɵã
ü˶ԸԪֻչüùʵ᲻ˡ
չϲģ˵˶ӭӴˣ
ΰϿԪ⣬סһǰǵ֮Ұ
ΰļô÷Ҹϵǰͷ֮ǰ塭һ
ּ֮ʮ
˽ԾվԪǰĬĬν
ΰЩ˵ǰ˵ػţҽҽ
Щܽ˴ҾͿˣԭЩŵȫһˮĺһƥͼֵǧ
Щ˾˻߰ʱͼһϵʿֱΰ幫幫ˣ幫ˣ
ɫ̾Ͳÿˡ
Ԫ֪˭ΰȴܵԪϲɫ˵ӣҴ絽ˣҴӭȥˣ
۷׷ס
ߺˣ
ǡʿ

磬ʱԺʿ빬³ν֮Ҽ


16 Ϸ
³оˣһͷף˲˼˵ĲԼߵԪǰͻȻһ򣬾˫ֳ󺰣һˣסԪ˫Ⱥޣһޣȫһһʼɺ
Щ˿ܲңǰҲͷһ㣬ʹһ·ɾ˾ȻвٶŹȡľ֦ЬûУȫһŵѪ˺źŲ֪ǲ̫ˣȻٽ׼Ծ
Ȼ̱ߵ˺š塱үүˡ
ͽվڲԶʲôˣʵû뵽Щôţ
Щһ޾Ϳ޵̫ɽ޻ȥü˳ԾǻȥвˣŶ߹ŽԪȿ޵Ǹȴֵ󣬱Ǹ˱ݡ
ʣµ˼ɽӪ˿̫ˣԲɽ˵ɽռ졣
ؽҪŽԪ³Ķˡ
³ҲǱġ
䱳ɽС˵ǲȥ̡
ˣһ¡
ϼҲ棬ǻû˳Էɽһߵıȥ˵Ƕ˯øˡ
ͷӦõģӦõġ뽪ڣȥЩȥ
ȥȥ̡סñǼҵ߿̫ԶýȺͽȥһЩɲݣһ˯ʱ̸ʲôطýȥæ
һֱߣŵĲͣнŲ񵶡
վݺ󺰽̣վԶԶŽĽ̷½ܹŮӺĳ
ָõı˵ûԷɣȳԣٸһЩ
Ҳ⣬ֶץű̻ʵȥץ˺üţڻȻ߳ȥԱ
һֱڹĺܶҲˣɵԽȥñʱ̾͵ס°һﲻ𣿡
иһ˫ţֱģǰһײײһ𣬺ߵĳǱߵģ˵ţĽϴһȦ
̻ͷվΪ⺺ӴǽһԲֱһס⺺ӵĲӣһץסĸ첲߸߾𣡺ݺһˤֻһ죬⺺ͷбһɽ¡
һ˼һԳŵ˿һˤڽűߣ㲻ԱŲŲ˳һŰߣԡ
ЩѾвͶԪ£ֻǴ˿̴˶Χǰ̽ߵĶ˺һ̣ιˣ
Ӧĳ·ˣ˵ʰ޽һʱ˸ٿ
Ķ˽ΰһۣǵ⽹ǵܵߵˡ
ΰͷʵҲǺ뽫͸Ԫֻǽ̵ʱһšҺýԪмĻ
һ׳ʿвסԪ֣Ŀ᣺ӣҵȶԲ˵ƿΰ齣ԽԪͷ
磡磡μ棬ΰѾֽưˣԼҴ磬Ź򵽽Ԫűƴͷ
Ӫͷ粻³˵Ԫ´ʱͱһԣվڽ䡣׵ɷӪ綼ܹȥҲȥ
Ӫȥ˹ظĸû
ͷ͵ûס
վڷ࣬ԷӪʧ͸ɴʱȥӪúãˣֻҪӪᲢۣȥ͸˻ǲǷֻѽ翴Ǻһˣǻסӣ˭
ͽΰĵöֱðѪԪȴҧ¿˵Ҫعλ
ҲӦ֮⣬ûǣôԵԪĽȨƣ˵Ľλڳĸ֮ҲҪˡ
֪ͷҲĵðûˮһֱֵҹԪְѴø磬Լ˯ذ壬˶ϯضߡ
ΰĽ磬֪һϸԪ˵Աܵ档һ˾͸Ͻ壬ȥҩ
ΰҡͷһ¾СҪ񲼣ֻϱİһ㣬һѪվˣͺáʱµʹĿˣʴˣҶ˭ˣ
˵סзu
ΰأֲÿˣֲ÷ڽǰͷǽӲǸֻ¾Ҫǰͷˣ
Ҽ˱ܵúԶҪһ¡ĿǰֹۣȻҲˣڽ뽪Ԫһֻµ죬ԪͿսˡ
ūһſڣܰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ģŭ˺űǼҵĴģ滹ͺͰǡ
ӪڣûһԳ
͹㣡׺·ϵֻʣôվţ
Ӫһ򲻸һʶͷúáͯҲ泵ˣСС굹ɹ˲٣ǳ˿ģЬҲܶˣûµģȻҲŷӪĳҲߵȫѪݣ˷ӪĻһˣˣûʱ㻹˵ûϴζأ
ӪūµΨһ磬ūѾȥͰСӴߣҪӣƽʱԴöй죬ſɣ顢ϰ֡乭䣬uһȵļСͯҲɼֶԴСͯôһƢ鶮£ÿɫżȴҲǺͯ
ӪԼ̨ͯ԰ȣȥ̴Ѵ̺㣬ʡ˵ݹһ˯ţȥҲ˯ɣ
ͯȥ󣬷ӪʷuȥĶˣղô
uһƬ̲룬ֻһֳֻԱЦȻȥҴĸˡ
һ㶣ȷӦ͵ɷuӪߴЦףǷˣ־Ͱѱҵuͷϡ
uסԼԣٺٵǴĸ
Ҫ񡣡Ӫ
u˿ڣŮƺҵȣһͰĸ㶼еߣԶԶܿǡֳֹ䲻ͨһ䲻Си׳һ޽һ˶ŮӲͱɱˡ
𣬵Ǹղţ
uͷǸղš
΢΢üȢӡȢһʱ˶꣬ɬ֪񶼼ǵڴױվ濴ȴҽȥ
һ纮ȥôȥˡ
ȢڶʱѾ˵صʼҵǰˣӪݡӸŮȴزˣδȴղչüǰաʱһһʱ˻ѣ겻һ᲻ֹ
ͣ˳ܰСһһΪ롣ȢԪ֮ŮԷҵȻкôӷuĽУλŮȴ֮ˡ
ӸղžܿԪķԼֶڲοһ²ࡣ
ӣԷǸǻ
˼ӪûȥͲ徻㡣ãƺӭȢλŮӵĻѾԽԽãˡһ㣬uҲͿˡ
ֶ˸񣬶ʹ
ͯ괲һˣɫʱͲˡ
Ӫ˾̴ʱˣ
ͯԶ˲С˵Ͱںӱˡ
ҹûͰˡ
Ӫҹֻ³ˡ
̫ΪӪˡ
Ӫ


17 ū
ªľ͸硣ڴϣ͸϶ǹ⡣˵Ĵ֪ǲǽԪЩµĴˡ
úۣδйƣ֪Լ첻ˣţûһ꣬͸ȥˡ
ЦҲһ˼ģҲ׳־
ܶࡣ³ͶȻ룬⹶Ӳд³أƬϵ£಻Ĺϡ
Ҳ޵ϲأģ绻һ֪³ڵ֣ȫ³񡣳ǽѪʱֿ֧ţǶȵ³޿ɼʱһ̵֣³³ԼɱǶ֣˵ѵõˡ
׵͵ȴûĵֵ֣
Ϊҳı
Ԫ
޴ӣ̣ԣᣡ֣ѮҲǴĺꡣԣԪĳ֣Ϊ³
ǾͿꡭʮꡭ
Զģ㲻ˡ
Ĵִֶ̣ԪŽ˯ڴµذϣ˯šסһذȴ֪ԼҪʲô
ڽԪˮʱ֪αԼ뽯ҵķ֣ûңαλʱҪˣ뽯硣
˵ʬȫӴ˾Ȯһ㣬ﶼΪֹߣ
ȴŲǰӭ˹еңͬҲڼһ͹ڵʹο
ԪԻǸнαʮһԼûӵĽĵģǧӭĽĵأ
綼ĵģˡɲ
Ԫһҹ磬Ҳһҹ糿ԪҲ
ÿˮɡԪʿķȣԷȥޣֶһˮ
һҹɫǵûкתˡ
ϸ۾ӭŹԪýԪֲԾĸؿڲŵذס
ʱݣ˳֣ʱҪˣΪǣˮҪŽţȴͽŵѪ
Ԫˡ
ʧһЦˣͰ׷ǰӣ游һλ
Ԫ¶ɵЦ̧ͦͷ˶˵֮ڿ׵ܡ
ƺ̸ˣ³֣ڡٹ˱ǣɵأū֮£³Ұ̻֣ˮգҹѺã˹һ³ɽüȥ
ЩԽԪ˵һȻȴʶȫעȥΪ֪λҪЩˡ
һ̵˵λǰȥң;ʮ߳ǡعԺ󣬾Ͷ˵³ֻ֮䣬ңҲǲҡ
Ԫʣӿ֪Ժν⣿
ԪȻ˵
ҲýԪѿͼ˵Ȼݳ谮ͬͬԡҼǵһΣڹȥ˵ղžʱһˣʵڷˣӣСڣ֣衣ͽŮ͸˳Ӵ˺󣬳Ÿ޼ɵ
ԪˣȻǶλͳݳйϵģֻ벻ԭ
֮󣬳֮ʹҹ³ȥĸϰݷá
Ԫƺһ㣬ǰء
紭˿ƽ˵˶˵ʣô֪ʱ֣ʮ꣬ʮ壡λ޲컻أһչģ³͹ˣ
ԪˣóԻ֣˷³Ĵ㣬ȴ³ͬҲٸһ죡
ҵĴϢûʹ졣Ԫ֪ôǰ潯ı
˳лԪ˵ȥһ̩񰲣֣š٣ʵּġҹƣͺӥʳֻݴ͡
ԭڵ³
ԪͻȻһʧ֮顣Уܵü³֮λԸοȸ֮ˣȴ³вһѡ
һֱ۲ŽԪɫܡ壬ֻʧ֮ɫﲻ֪Ǹʲôζ
ԪһʼͿˡ
ȴû뵽һ֮Թ񣬽ġ
а̾龫ǣţʷǵû۹⣬ԣȻΪ볯ֵԼλλϳ̨Ǻ󣬸ա
羴ȻƲʡٳҰģȴһӣֻ˳⡣
Ԫ丸Ӳ³ĶûУ³˵¡
ͽʣµĻ˻ȥɫӣҳһĽԪ
ǽɣҲϴһˡ
Ԫŷǳոˡ
ڽԪ˯һ쵱ȻռŴӵϢýΰ˳ȥصΰ˶ҩɫ죬ղűʱ֪ɪɪḶ֪́ǷˡϣǷ纮
ҩ˵㾫˶ȥԽΰ˵ԽԪͬԽһС
쳾ǳλҲ緢ݼ鶼ţ纣û˵ôƵģ̨Ѱ֣
ʵ꽯ûѹݳȥ
ΰȻͷֻЩΪѵǲǲ̫ãǱ֡
ū͹ȥ
ΰ⡭Ҳ̫Сˣ
ҡͷ͹ȥɣҲΪΨһһˡ
ūǽСĶӣĸǼһ輿ĳΪūΪ澡ɽ統ʱʮϲ輿輿´ӺԾȡū֪̾ūߣȻսʫ鼼գҲְֵĽ̵
ūͣʱ磬˴ϹһĿƴ۾Ҫɱ˴ˡ
ūϹһֻۺ󲢲ԴԻˡԼļӶԹūĿ֪ūǱ󵷹֪󲻵ӿֻǲⵣǵȥ󣬼˿ɶū
ǽΰͿūĻɰٱ䣬뽫Ҫȥӡ
֮ǰҲԥūϽգȻ˰֮
ֱ˿̣ŷ֣ʺūĵطǽңΰӣǳΪԪĽų購
ΰϴ⣬ȴ֪ūѡʲôͿūһͷ񹷵ǣȻ⣬ȴŹӡңūΨһںľǽ硣Ƚȥ壬ūȻʱūΪӣռŸ֣Ȼɳֶշū
簮ūδΪ֮ġ
ūѡ·ʺūġ
ҲĴȸ֮İɡ
죬ͲˣûҲû뿪ΰ֪ԪضعλڲװģˡĽ壬ÿȥԪǰתȦ⣬ʱ䶼ڽߡ
Ӫϲ쿪ˣճ˽ԪǰǴǴǲϴȥΪuΪơ
ҲںڳuΪ֣ȷӪ׷ʣ˵ʲôˣ
ӪֻȥͿ಻ԡΪֽԪȻû飡ߣǸܽ飡ʶֱֲ֣̣зuǰֻ֮ȥ˾װưͣɷ˵
зuӣз磬ΪˮӲ˲졣֮һ˵Ԫɫƺ˵ӡ󶼲
Ӫô˿ȴŷ׷ѵͣعλһҪʦɣ̸Ц˵¶ô죿³Ҫˣ
ȴ÷ӪĲٵҲ̫ЩԪûعλأ˵ʵʵġ
罪ܼܲ޵ң
罪ԪܲŮΪ󣿸պ÷ӪŮ
Ӫ㶵û˵
ᣡҪģ⼸㵽ȥˣ
ӪӪʵǲԸŮ޸ԪġýԪһŹƤĴҪŮҲҪǵĽʲС
ױƵ㲻ҲҪޣŮɲԼ
ӪԼҲŮ
ҪҵŮҪǻžֲѾˣӪŮ޸ԪǷֻзӪŮʸ޽ԪӪŮɷŮǶԹ衣
Ӫֻҧһ£ȢҿΪıֻҵŮҪ˭ֻҵģ


18 ſͷ
ԪЩ֮ͲˣҪúһ롣һˣ˾֮ӬһӵϣһʱýԪĿϾӣĻΣҲһһš
ΧڽԪ߿ʹ֮⳯УӪǸرǶڽǶȣ·һݵˡǷҵڷ˶ʱҪɷҲӭˡ
ģټǱӺ³Ÿλӣҿɾӵڶ
أҲ֡
ȣһӵλʱѾԼҺͽҺɱȫжУŮͲ֪䵽ηˡ
ڳǰϵͷĻ޵һЩСҲ⼸ʮ䡣
̨ǰգԡ롢ӡϯҲֻʣڣӡϯҶж˴УȶϣϵжҪֻٿպˡ
⼸ʮֱͷڹ꣡
ǽԪӱ˵Ļġ
ҳ˲һûѾ˴еӼң궼ܿŲѼŮ͵ȥȴȥ˷ŮǸŮԺϣҲҷŸƨ
һ壬һӪԪɵ֪׶ôġ
󣬽ԪЪȴӪˣԸ빫ߡ
ͷЩԾǰӪ˵ʲôġʲôҲ˵ѽԪ
Ӫȴ̫ܵܶСˣųҲҲûʧ
ȻԪλǶ֣ȻúøδĹദ
û𣿡߳ȥԶԲĵĻͷ
˵ȻʱܴʱҲܾˣСʱǻ󰤷Ķǡ
ǲΪǿĶ𣿡
ǷӪĸףʱȴЩѣ岻ãԲҴϵ£㶼°ѷ˸ˡӪܿǷΨһĶӣСʱ֪װװƭֵǱƤֻҪһ㣬ǲȥץͷˡһֱΪǴҿڿϡ
̾Ϊһֱڴ֮ǰ˰û֣ʱ׽ŪĶˣʱùĶǸйڵġԵʱǹӪҲţҲṩˣеġ
һ£ԼǼ⣬ֵܰʱ񶼡
ɴۣū
Ӳǰѷ˻ȥصȴֳֻзһˡ
أŷuʵ
״˸Ƿ⼸춼Ӱ֪ˡӪأ
ͷһۣԼͬһ˷׵⡣
ʱѾԵЩСӲԶϼ˾סuŮǿ˯ڳ֪⻹⣬ǰƥƥڲԶԲݣɽչǡ
ڿûʱȥǱģֻ뾡ýϤǣҲϤ䡣
uһȻÿ춼ݷýͽȡ˵˰Ļѧ˴˵صķԡڶ磬Խ˵һ仰ŮӣҪĳѧϰ³ԣ
֪ôֵģô飬ʲôЩͳͳܣ˵лɾ
uЦһ£ŮʵǸˣϲͨ͸˴򽻵ԣʵ˵Ķ
ʼ˵³£ӽʵƽڽԪǴɳ˵𣬵죬Ѿ󲿷ˡ
Ȼǲ˵
uһۣϻشͨݳ㵽ݣǸƶĵطһˮ֮ĽȴʮַʵʮǰһݻΪ֮Ϊʮǰһλ
û뵽ԭһܲҪɷ򣬴ԼĴ˰ᵽĹȥסȻľҲǴһسǵһسǡ
Ϊϲʹͷ˺ӵһС¥ɧǰڽݱֲž飬ԭƶĽݱģ
һжΪǴĹ
u˽֮飬ֻĽȴûԱλŮӵӺˣȷŵǣԪȷʵѣֻ²ĺӡ
ûһӻ᲻ʶԼĸףСڱ𴦣˸ҲöԽһ֪һϹ⻪ȴ¶֪
ǸڽԪ߳ģԪĺӡ
˭ģĸǺˣ
u²⣬ȷʵĳ˽ӣֻǾǼ֮ĸӦöЩȴ޷ϣֻڱ𴦣չˣСȻʳȴһ档
ԪˣżȻͽ͵˳Լĺӡ
֪Խ˵ǺǻûԪ͵ߣһֻܱ˲պΪʿȹ¼ŵһ
ԪȴϣԼܹߵǰĻᣬҪͬһӴ˲ԼֻǽԪŮ
ʵΪʲô볤ƽ˲ͬȻǹƺƽݸΪʲô
uҲλҲܴ⣬һСеĻᱻгԵеȴᱻԼֵߵȥҲеСֵܵıȥʳһǹȴر󹫲ڽңһģҲƽԼסġ
ָŽ˵ͱŮӡһΧڳЦĽ뽪ڣڳƽλϣ߻ӣʰٹһ꣬ô
ô
һ£Ȼڣ£̨ңýʼλ岻ʣȽȨʱָԼҡҡҵȣЩҪλȳѶˣպ󲻹ǵȽָǵȶӳСңóɽʱ٣͵ɳȥ
ӷuĻ˵ɳɹڣƶ񤣬³˺ֵأʳǴ򣬶Ҳ٣ԼĶ鶼ѣҺɹ˽Ӵס㲻ɱҲɱΪ͵ɽȥ
˵֤ʲôҲܺ졣
ôһ룬ͽȥɳǣҲǴ⣬ֻû뵽ʰԼˣʡ¡
u˼ɵʣŮӿԸΪĳ󣿡
̧ͷʲô취ֻˡ
uɲš
Ҳû׷ʣӸղоͿԿ㲻гҲѾ˶Բߡ
бء
uڲݵϣԶľݣԪͷӪٹգǾҪ̻عˡ
ɫˡ
Ůպضֻµʱòĳˣĳǰ͸ŮһҸ档
ʣɾҪʲôֱԣɾ
uڿڣסǵЦŮഺãҲУֻھȢŮӡ

һˣ
ɵĿu
ŮӿǲţuĲмվֵĳʧˣŮӡ
δɽߣǣ׷һܿԶˡ
ֻսȭͷվ
uܵҳԣŽЦ
Ӫĳڸͯܿӳ
u߹ȥղһԪôû˵ͿһƬǽ壬ܵȴǷӪܵǷ׺ͷ
uϽǰԼ׵һߵǿɲ۸ҵһһ߼סӪ˫֣ʾϽ
ץסһȭڷӪϣ
һ¿ɾˣֵܴܲϴҪʹ·סĵطϱ˿͸ֵ֪ܲˡ
uԼѾͿˣֻùȥסԼֻ֣һ߼ȰЪЪһߴŷȭͷڷӪһ¡
Ӫ˿յ趼ûѷӪôзuŵһ£ӪͱŶɫ࿪ʼŻ¡
·׺ͷŻˣС֪أȥţ
뿪ڶ̻ȥˣһô
uȥţֹҵõ˰ܽĶ֣϶۸ҵˣ
ͯղžûȥʱڷuС˵ҵףҪˣ
uˣûӦҵСŰȻ
ͯʹˡ
uҲˣߣͯ״ҽȥˡ
ĸڶú˵ˣuȭͷӪסϵףϻ۵óأʲôòģ
uҪһŮӽ˵ʲôǰ˵Ҷ˵ҵǿ
˵ҹȥ
u㶵ԸȢˣôһ
Ӫ˵ĲŮӣˡԪӶŮӸ⿴أҪ㸸׵Ů֮һĸС
uһˣɫǲÿҸ׵־̣𣿡
ҲοڵӸܺã˵ҪȢ⡭̫ˣ
ӪǾˡ
СԵǷסuɣôʱ˵ȢޣΪҡ÷uȢǻǷȢˡ
ӪǴ⡣̾˿ԪӴˡ֮Ϊ顣ԶãáҷһãɾҷҲպ᲻Ḻңȴ˵룬ֻȡŽԪзuȢҲӣֻžС
Ƿҡu
ڹꡣЦЦ꣬˶ʧһ㡣
һƬž
uĬƬ̣ȥˡ
վڳ⣬ߣղɵٲ
ŮҲʹܣȴҲûдʱ˿̵У
ĳĽԪȴƫƫסҵʺҲòС
̫u૵սн򽪼ݾӵĵطܳΪ˶ԪһѺõ


19 
һϣû˯ţﲻͣתuǾ仰һ룺ܣһ־ãu˵ƭĿܺܵͣΪֻ˵ģпֵ»᲻Ѱ죬Ԫ¶ʲôġ
Բһȵڶuʱһֱܾuȴǳϡڽ֮ǰʲô˵äڻһЩʵ˼³Ŀǰִ漸ңʲôϵȵȡ
ôѭѭա˹Ҫˡ顱¡
ͻôСҪʮꡭ˵˸ԼӡйŴŮ޵͡
u˵˸¡
ǻǰκŵŮǻʱκȢǡκһŮκͰѴŮ޸Ů󡣡
ʣǹ޸κʱꣿ
uָ
ꣿǲ˵һλ
uȢ֮ͽʮлС߳빫Ц̸ʱҲ˿ŭ⡣һԲϾȥĺӣΪЦ̸
Ŀɿڴ
u򽪼ѷҽӭȢеһ¸ҲԽҪĸסŮ˿ȤҪ޽ǽٴУΪһǲµ飬ΪңضὫΪж
ɽ뽪еһǾȫصˡ
ŮӵءɨһۣýͷŮӴʱӦڸǣūΪ档
Ӧһ²ָūϵˣһѹŭ⣬ҵڴˡ
uҡͷūպնڲãʵ̫񣡡
ⲻüǻΪˣ
uƺǵһЩ⽪ΪʲôôؽǷ֮ӣպӣǡ
Ԫֵ׳꣬عӭȢ󣬺γӣƣλˡɫѰֻҲѱ谮
ԽδǼ¡
ͷĳʧˡ԰չΪ
ͲٶϺͽ·ΪӦöൽԪ߶
ĵδ뿴лҡuʵ̵Ҳ͸˳ƺҲ̽һ·u
uһڶʹĽ䡰
죬һСһͭ룬һЩĹֶóһľʱΪҪľʼ֡
³õǴ͵֣еǽ빬϶кܶƿ̵֣дʱͬõļ֡ھҪʼѧˣػдҪ֪ʲô˼˵գľСҲûĶãľͷպ̰ͣɡ
ͷһôѾ˾ľϣһطſ̡
uָŵһ˵³ӡס⣬ĵطƿ³ӡټҷµģ³ӡ󡣡
סСľϿµһʣһͷ˭˵ľģ
ڶͷҪһǮ
ͷֽΰķлһҪֽдҪʹ̵Ҳ̫ˣ
Ԫϥڴϣʱҹ˶˯ˡ
ֻһˣΪҪһ롣
Щ죬Ѿӭˡ
磬ն񣬳Ǹ˵֣ɹס̽ң
ӪǸϺ꣬ҲûҲûо⡣
ԪԱ˵ıӺУܸоóӪһ˿Ķøƺƶ³عλҲ÷ҡӪû취
ԪĬĬ
Źң
壬Ȼкüˣƺ³޾⡪̽ҶԽԪʲô̬ȵġ
ƫƫ粡غ󣬽ΰһ춼겻ᣬʱ˵Цʱһ춼˵һ仰ʱ˵ΰȻ¶ηɫ
Ԫŭ֮¸̣⽯ҾȻ˰
ЩѾסаˣʱҲҪʮܻصϾ͵ˣ³ҪĽսڣ³Ҫڽֽ̨£ʰŻգСʰƽĳ
Ԫڡ
ĽӲϥվ
ȥһɡ
ǽԪŲסˡ˺ܶ࣬ڴϼŸˡ
ΰ۾ϹˣȴҵŽޡ
Ц£ְѽΰǰҪѹˣԽҲźáθ˼ԽհЩӦÿ͸ˡӪֻ֣϶ϸκγŵڹԮҽȥպȽԪλ͸ýµˡ
ˣ˵͵ǽʧͷȥһҪֵܸϳȥ˿ãʱͽһΪһΪˣǽڹ
ΰס磬硭㲻Ҫ˿ҶᵱŮԴӶˣֵܸϳȥôأ
˿ǶǽĺӣֻȢӣ߸ӡ
ҡҡͷ£ŽΰҵġԪԣԼҶ֣һѪֻһѣֻ֣½Ҿʹ治»ˡֵ뿪֣ȴɢĿͶ򳵶³ӣ֪ܳżأˣҲӹһٰɡ
ΰʹ޲ֹǻǳпᣬҲɻԵǣнңҪȥˣԣΰֻġ
ᣬߺ󣬻ϣҡֻᱻӪˡ
ΰҭ̧ͷĬĬͷӦ¡
õܵܣҪȥˡⱲΨһһ¾˽ʡΰȵֻǡȿȣ˭õأһˣ۸㸸׵ˣôᡢôûжأ֪ʳôȴأһΪΪ򣬲¹Ĳϰˡ
ˡ
Ԫ糿ҳӿزĽʱûߵǰﴫʹĿ޺ҳе˶ſڵϴʹ֮Զơ
硢硢۾۾ΰͷײѪĽԪƿɽѪӽһΰˣ
޴ľϲýԪʱý¶˲١
Ͻΰӿͣ£ͣ£һȥΰΰһۻӿߣסСġ
Ԫ£¡ֵһжֵû뵽ôȥˡ
ģҶΧǼȾϲҲһЩ¶̻֮ɫȻҽһȥǲ֪ˡ
ԪվڳȽΰ꣬ôҲվ
Ͻΰʹ󣬵Ǻܿڳޣʵһ˼һ֮˵˻һҪ˵ʲô֮ٿһĽ磬ʹĿ˸ͷǿ̱⣬³֮͹ڽԪǰͶأֳǰǵľǹ֮£ĴӲϹֻ֮ǰ³¶Բʹ볤ƽǱα֮ûӭαʹӣΰ̧ͷѪᣬصĿȥӿˡֳ
ˣԪˣ
꽪ʵһţ³ԽʡԽԪˡԽԪһͰѻųȥ˵ʵǡλǱ˴ȥġ
ΰô߲ˣڳ˵ƤƤûŹҳΪһαȨƵСȥкܴ𡣽ǰܲܺȴų꣡
Ӫΰڽմüëͷһصһ˵ҿΰĵĺͿˣ
ԪҲϽ£ղΰӰͷˣȥҩ
ڳҲһӡ
Ҵ˾ΰϽΰӿˣӿˡֳԹԾ֮£
uˣվԶûпȴҲ˸ղŽΰĻ׾Ҫȥuסʮûؼңѵ뽯ΰ鲻ãȻα˺磿
ʣޣʱΰʺһں棡ҧ翴ǺöǰŽ磬ѹƽ䣬ѽĵçһŹӣߣҰ䣡ֱֱ˵ȥˣuΰȥٲãҲȽΰСҪǿ
uĿ׳ȺŹΰ૵ֵܰʮֵܰۿһȣתͷȥΰСֻ๵Ϊ飡
һ־󣬽Ԫΰףû뵽׿ŸߴȴΰѹŴ
ҲпҲ̫ЩתǰڹĴϣ̨ϸޡɢĴ־ýѾˡ
޼ѹ
Ԫֻˬ
ȥʱڵˣ


20 ѵ÷
ʱֵģӺ֮󣬳ĺ̲ϻĲãã޸ֵһ˸ߵҰݣҰݹҶ󣬲ιţҲ˲ɸ
֮ȫǻɽǰ˳ƺɽ˵Ļڴ˾ס֪жˣɢȺɽ֮Уǰƽ䷢սճţسʿʱܿɽϼҴڱ£޺󣬼ŲֻɢӡȴսɽѲ֪١
ֻǶץˡسŵһ
㿴Ǳߡһ۾ƺԶݴԼһװ׵Ķһͷ򣿡
Ͼصǰȡ¹ܻָҿ
һϸһЦҿˣڳĻ˷򰡣
ūܻص̲ߵĲڣղȥſûп٣ؽԪһ˻û
ʱˮ٣ǳǳʪ棬ϸ̲еϸʯһββ̵ָϸС·ˮɫ⣬һţ˿ǿˡ
ūûʳʲôҲûϵ·Ь͵ģֻӽҴһѶذǽƽʱµģǱķʱ͵˳ڻ
ѶذǳãڷֻһСʱʽΪβ˫棿һٿҪʱ򣬾ζŵ֮ʡ
ʲôÿһ춼ǣȥûеڶ졣ô˵Ŀѵô־壿
ūҡͷָǽңԼ˺Һܿͻԣÿһ죬ҶԼˡ
Ц˵Ҳ
ūǰϳƽΪԹԹֻ˸ףūͲūˣԸֻū
ֻϣֻҵĶӡ
ūذʪʯͷĥͻȻָһۣһ˿Ѫ˿ɫʯͷϣ䵽ˮɢ
ذףѾ˫濪ˡ
ӴˣҲû·ˡ
еūʱʳ֮⣬յ̲ԭвٵɫȥʱµдʱѾùˡԭסڴ˵صɽʧ֮ͳ˴˵µˣи౻ޣȫūв͡
ëѪūȥ˽ӵʣȡ֮ϵҰԡǸŮˡ
ԹˮɽŮϸȳԾȥԹץòŮߵģұѰҼˣ˵Ͳǵü˵ģˣֻǵСʱÿ춼ɽܡ
ūʱãǸȥŮ˾ͻϣ룺ĵһأū֣Լȡģȡģ
뿪˽ңҰϣŷ·ҵ˹鴦ߵɽҰļң硣
ȽҸʺ
罻֮Ҫص
ȥԹҲУԹɽԹˮ
ūһţ۽ɨһĨɫڲԶĲݴһȥһѰסһֻ񱼵СС֨֨Ľţһ̱졣
ڣȺڣ󲻻뿪Ⱥ̫Զ
Ѱ֮һѣץʮֻСһֻȫ֦Ͽ˶ӡ
òݶ˸ѣ棬ģݹе˱ǡͷ³һڣһףɫĻϣС⡣
ƬҰǰаﶼ̣ǰǳսѾΧĴׯ˿ݡ
ūڲݶУ۾С⻹ҵĸ輿ѧġǸ輿Ǹ֣ˣ֣͵ңūԣ
ūȢ𣿡
Ǹ輿ЦһӶûУʲôȢū
֪ԭ輿ͬУҡ
¶䣬Ǻ·չˡغ⼸䣬ͻȻоµĵڲ굽ݶУס
ģǼԶǵ˺̲ͣȥˮмʿҲ˵ǳǳĺӴϣ˻ʹ죡žʹˮҲˮ类Ūˡ
ūһ⼸˻·ȫˮڣҲںӱЪϢˮʱҲԶˡ
ūһ
ϹŹа
⼸˽źˮ¸Ҳôߵ̲Ĳݴо͵һ˲ͳ˺
û˯Ҳǳߵϣϯضһ˵վܽˡ˺꣬ҪҸŮϴ衢Էú˯һ
һ˾Цô£뵢գ
һ˻û˯ţ廰֣߿ˣЩ¾˯Ҫϼʱǰİʱò˾ˡ
ʱ˱ЦԶҹ޵Ķ񶼾һȺи˿ҹϲܵǰó׼䣬ϧҹɫ谵ɼ䣬ֶˡ
ոߵ˻
ĳǶҰ˵
ոߵĵյ˺ǣն졣
Цã
û˻˵ģ
Ͻ˯һһǡ
ٲ˵˻Ҳ£·ۼ˯ˡ
ūǲôſڲݶм䣬һֱſ߷ס
ʱڽ￿ںӰһʯϵ˲Żڵϡ
Ҳ˯ˣūŴӲݶŵƹǣԶˡ
ۣһĨڲݴԼһӣȻ⣬ȴʵ뵽зˣֺ۾˯ˡ
ūһܵ˸ɽԭɽ˾סɽ꣬ĴɼɢʯƵʯľݲݷ
վɽ棬ܴڡ
̲ϣƥһ˯šǶһ飬ƯĴ۾šʱһֻɫĽëͻȻ˼£ˣСתţŴ۾
Ҳѹˣתͷеͷỹմ¶ˮҰȴûгԡ
ͻȻƥɫĽƶһӯƹЩں̲˯ȺߵԶͻȻһԾƺ˺ŽҲˡ
̲˯ŵļϾͱˣ˴ӵϵǶˣȫŻˡ
סȥ׷ʰæŴЬֻиʲôҪˣֱӰȥ׷˿ٿԽԽԶɴҲӵȥ׷ˡ
ūƹɽ꣬ܵɽһߣڡ˺һƥɫһ߻Ľţһ
ͷˣǽҵǸȺһ𳤴ģжʱ仹ūͬͬԣ볰Цء
Ҫһƥû˵Ҹ㣬ںδңֻн֮ܽڽ
Ҳܸ㣬ȥġ
ƭ˽룬˱ˣԼȴˣٸͻɡ
ūһ죬ˡΪܰؽҡ
ƥƥ
ūӭȥסƥЩнˣŲںءڽˡҪƥˣ

ݣȵ
㱼Զ
ԶԶиȥˣɵúݺݵȭͷ
ūЩķȥ߰ɣ
Ԫ


21 ϶
ÿ춼ڸľСģǰΪľͷûֽʡ㣬ڲ֪شÿһ󣬷uõ̵ȥʹáдְ塱
ֱ̫ˣ
uʦϸСѧʦдʱÿֲ඼Ҫѧһٱֻ꣡ýдһ飬ϰľͰˣÿдһʱ޲ͬʱԴʦ̫ˣ
ѧϰʱǼʹֹ÷ɿ죬ԪͻȻҪλʱ֪ѧϰʱˣһ̵Ĳعֻûлټѧϰˡ
ʱͷu˹ġʦϵԶֽ
uƺѾΪǡѧˣ渺ʦΣý̱̣ڴȰƫϸ΢ֱϵʦ
ԪǷĻǴȥ
uһʲôЦȻ϶ǿ۸֮ʱȻΪۡ㲻ص£Ҳ㡣㵣ǡ°ָͣ򽪼ϼˣǷ߾С
ôһ˵ٷһġ
ԶɱĲҽбҪ׼ˡ
uľ壬µľмӵոɾˡôһ֣۽ԪڵľݣҪˣ㸸棬ҪϲЩ
ֻ»ȥҾͼˡ
uͿһ£ȻЦȻȥϲͷǸӣԺ󣬶ء˵겻𡱾ת뿪ýЩʧˡ
俴u˾͸ϽʱֻҪu޷uȻûгû࿴оÿҲûнһֱš
һ̿õıø
ҡͷȳԣд֣һ¡ÿ춼ѷu̸ڵϸд俴˵㸴ϰÿζܼ߰˸
һ̱һ߼֣ÿдһмºͻϽ֪ѧģһ˷ֻ֣»۽Ҳ͵͵ѧġ
һдʮ֣潪Ѿе㲻ȷˣֵֻĲֱһ棬ÿζǼ˼Ȼ˼ȥ
֪ôǵģӲļ̫Ľˡ
Ҳһְ֣Ĩȥ¶˱ԣС˵ôҪȥˣ£
ʱһֱҡСں˵
ľݵķ򣬽ԥһ£С˵
ҲС˵Ҫ
һҪ˵ȽĶ࣬Ϊһֱ»ýԪע⣬ֻߡýԽԽֵܡҲýԽһЩģϰֵ£׼ߡ£ûи߽
侾ŽűߵҰݣݸڵεˣҧţԪľǱߡ
һЩԶԶվţһĻ󣬶ڳЦ䡣֮ǰΪһȽ϶ڼʽ
С˵ҪҲҪ
ͽԸһ˶ΪԼǶԵġΪЧҽԪ쾭ģȴΪһ·ҵġмҪ
ýôϴԵЧ
ֻϡȺͽȻҲԪģȴäȷԪýɱȺͽڼˣʹ֮£ȴôԸɱԼ˺ǡš
ԽԪ̫ˣɱ
ľ⣬棬ȻʲôҲӸóߣֻϸС˵ȴʲôҲ
ԪϸϸĿһǣÿһ˿ⶼоˡǷˡ
ûнΰ
ߺ󣬽ΰƺͷûѹһԷҲҲٴɫȻԽԪ˵ӵзСҪĳ
ԪֻҳԷ뽯ΰԷڽΰġš֮£ԽˣФ
ҲԼеøɸɾÿһͷȻŹۣԪôԣͬϯ˵ȻҪѧ
ӵʱҼҵĳɡ
ԪҪ˭ҵĳһ⡪Ƴֻĳһҡáһ͡Ԫʹá
ҵȻѾ˵Ӫóĳˡ
óĲֹһңΰҲѽĳáˡ
ýԪԼ˵Ըҵĳɽΰòֿ֮ݹͷܱΰѹסϡͿľʹӦĳ
֪󣬳˷Ӫ֮⣬˶ϣ˵Ԫı⡪ܸıҲܸԪּ̡춼Ԫԣ·ԪҵĳȫҶġ
ԪҡͷѴӦΰøĿڣ
˼ǣԸΪǾͺˡ
ϧÿôһ˵ҾûһϿˡýԪԽԽ
һ֪Ůͬ˻ǡ
ԪüҶȻͬˣŶһ£С֣ҲԸҡͷʧЦȸ۰ֻһء
æҼҵĳǷƣȼģƱУԸŮһԣ
Ԫ㺬Цͷͺá
죬ͬҲǾΰӪͬԵóļգ˳С
ɽɽɽžˡշ׳֮ʿľͱˣҴҲΪ׼˳ݡƥ
ԪȻصĴֲ·δλͲܴ˿÷Ҳֻܼľ´ĻֱӴ·ģǽǺһ˾³Ĺ䡣
֪Լһǵ÷uĻԼϳǰýȺͽȥȻЩ˰ǵŮūͬɣһϳһչ˽ȻϣٰҲӣ󺰽뽪ϳ
һȫ£ߣ˿
õʱϴ󳵾ͿʼĴĴѽѽ˵Щ˭ҲĻ˶ЩţֻǿסͻеľϵĶһֱŵ˵Ҫô죿
ûӡ
Ҵ·ʱšڰʱľȫˣļкü͡裬һͦĳռġ
˵裬ڳʱ͸ţͣˮϴ
᲻ƯԥʱҴ³ȥɡ
Ҫ·ɡֱһָΪı裬ϼ˲Ų˵ˡ
ЩҪڲС
ͷ̽⣬Խ˵磬ܲȥҵʣʲôʱ߰
йϳЩʧ䣬Ÿϵȥ԰·ֺͽǷɾԪĳߡ
ԽĸܸӣǵõΪʱ⣬֡ޡô׾ͱԪշ塱һԱ޷
ڣӦûȽϸ˰ɡ
ĵ̾һص
ߵԪԣǰˣֻнԪһˣ͵ǲʣʱ̣
ԪԽЦֱˣͽ䶼ôĸӣȴǱССĽʹȥǰ׳ôˡ
⻰мȴֲ˵Ҳ˵ˡ˵ûãǣֻǡֻǡΪϲĻġ
ԪӻͳСڴݸ³Ĺӣ˼ӡ
⿪ڴһָǴСɫɱĹӣһӣʮ
ԪЦ·࣬ų԰ɡȥ߽Ҫˡ
ת뿪˼ϵĲٿԪĳԥһûлȥǲǸģѲ˻С
Ԫϥţ΢΢Ŀ񡣵̫ʼȣڿʼǰˡǰںȣǰҵŲֱĳҲ͵ǰһ˼ˡ
һֱӲļ͸첲ʱŷ
ֱһ̣ʵУҪ³λˣġǸҸ߱˵ĽԪˡ
ס۾᲻ͣĴָ


22 ·
³·̣ġ
˵ӿݵ·˵ߵҪɢܵĳҲ˵̵ٶȺ;¯Ҳڸǵţƨɺĳζ˵ţӬһȺһȺҰϺӣܶϰƴ󣬿ŴֲƬ
⣬нԾǽԪʵڲǱҪ֮á
ΪǷǲ룬СǾƿƲģ͸ԪǱǡҺ쵼˲Ҫڵӱֽϳ֣ͬеЩǹڸ֣װݣһѹûС
һýԾ¾³ܱҪôһ㡣ƹĸСǺ󣬷uҵͿ쵽ˣ˺Ϳˡ
һ⡣
ӵڶȻ˽ĳ·ϼ֣һ㶼ˡ
±˷𣿡
Ȼ˵ֺѵӻ˵ؽЩ𣿡

˵ȷʵԴδһ֮ǲǲ̫ãϸ룬ԪܻΪɱu˵Ҫǡuﲻأ
˳㻹ܸԪ¡
ҲַuƺԽԪ£ȵúܣ
㲻ϲΪñ˵³𣿡
ͬһﻹϼˣuõ³ԣˣǵĶԻҲرܿǡ
uЦûҰġҲϲӣֻǾҾ
̹α
һ빫֮Ĺϵˣķ⽨ȫͬеִˡ
ﻹҪִģԪ޾߲ȴܼλҲֻλΪѪͳu˳㽲һµ⼸Ĺ£ľɫʡ
˵һλӣ÷ǳƯֱ֮ˡһգһλͻȻĴߣ˯˵˵ǳպһҪæ֪ԸԸ⣿
Ӿ˵ҺҪҰˡ
˾˵һ¶ŮˣҪֶκá
Ӿȥˡ
нΪǣΪ·κΪ̴֣Ϊ򽣣ϲΪݣԽжߺǡ
˵İҵ͸ˣκŮ֮Ů䵽ϣ޸ΪޣλӾͽ˴Ϊ˸лǶİڵǻͷ⼸Ϊδ
ôôһȢ˻ʵ۵ĹĴλʷ
u˵һС°һ;еķ֮飬˵Ͳˡ
;
ĳбУǳģǷűȥֻҪϪˮŽȥŲڳڵĵذϾͻƢ⡣
ԪĳƫƫûбС統ʱѾˣܲĳǶĳл裬Դ·ȼգůбеĳȫͬƣһҪܷ⣬һҪͨ硣ԽԪÿڳȵú¡Ծ̬󣬲̫ϲ˿䤱ӣʱٽ˽˵
ԷӪ˵ǸϢŲҪȥǰƨϽ¡
ʱλΰżλ䣿Ҫ͹ǷҪοȣ
ЩµȻֻǷ潪Ԫˡ
£ӳ顣Ӫ
ķҲ顣ȣݹǲʹǾ̫˷ʱˣԪλ˿첻˳٣䡣³δǺ¡
һݳ飬ʹԪпܻӭһλΪޡ͸ҡԼ³ҵ治ˡǶԼҵļʢ̬֮ŽԪȢһλŮΪ󣬲˭Ůӡۣ֮֮лʹߣȢ֮£
ڸο棬ӪΪӦýԪȥ곯λȲɽȥͷˣûԪȥ
سˣȥˣ뽫ƻعô죿Ϊλô죿ȥαλô죿
ԹӼ̸иӣԪҪλܴӳϼֻ̣ܴӽϼ̡
ӪⱾӦ֮⣡
Ϳ㵱ڹ˶ϽԪ𣿣
Ϊʮ꣬񹲷ߣΨһɹĵطԡΪֲһģ볯γһƽ⣬˼¶ҪıץѱٶԹе˵ʮûôѰ
Ԫǡַ֡ļλǿܲ£ӭؽʣǹƷԵҲ̫󣬿ӭؽʵͬʱѳڸ˵λα³ʲôģǡ
Ԫϵ覴ûеġ꽪ʺͳƽʱԪһ꣬û˼˵ԪǽԪҲû˵ԣ˷ԣǸ⡣
ô֤ԪǵǸСأ
һԷ³ĴǻԵģֻԱߵ֣ɹҪַˡ
Ӫǲ·ֿΪ벻ΪӦ²ֻ鷳Ǳ鷳ֵӵ뷨ģ岽ǰ·
׷ʵ岽кβɣԪǱõС£ʲôã
ЩС⣬һ£ǾǽԪҪҪԷҡ
Ӫ֮ǰȢŮ֮һʱ绹ء֪ô϶Ҳ
ӪԸŮˣֻΪ󣬲Ϊˡ
׺ܸ˷Ӫ뷨ˣǵȻҪΪ󡣡Ȼֵѵúг˸Ǽ
ƺ³֮λѾ֮ˡ
ڹ·ϵϲɫӯӯһȴĬˡ˽鲼ޱ顣
ΰͷѾˣҲһЩȴˡ
ɴŻؼˣʴˡ
Ѵȥˣ˿ﶼ֪ˡ˵ֻ˵ǱߣѾˡ
ΰüŶŮ
˵Ӫ֮Ůǻδޡ
ΰһôһιЦ¶֮ɫǸŮ
гܿСǵ㳵ҡȥʹ̤࣬ŮɫΣ˶˵һġйŮɫɫҰǣޡ˻󣬷ǾҲûгˡ
ѡ󲻿ʹ󱻽ԪҲ
ĵֻ½Ԫ˶Ѿ֪ԪԸˣǷıߴıߵǿֻڼὯҾ֪ˣҪǵ󣬹ƽԪҲ˵ŮòҲҲֻ
ΰ÷ҵգ
⣬ͻȻʿĺмʸĺХ
˴󾪣˵ҷݣƿȥֻѾкܶûͷӬһĴҷ֮ˡ
ΰ˫۷վڳǰ𣬡ڴˣùץˣ


23 
ԪҪ㵽ڵȥ׷ңһţֻеĵ̫̣
ذףĻŵҪ
⳵һֱû˶ҲûҪֱԶӿǰ꣬ڳץסһˡ
˺ܳʱ䣬Ԫڳ˵ʲôˣ
ԥһ²Ŵһꡣ
һѸղŲؽıͳʽСӣ
һС̼ݣ
Ǹ𣿡Ǹ̿ͣ˵Ǹܴˡ
Ҳڻ˲ٱʱһóһ߳ţ˵֪ûǺһ·ûС
û·
ܵʱ˰ɡ˽ܵʱ·Ǻܰµġ
ԼϵȹӣղʵҲѵġ
ΰҴҶһ۾ͿѹſڵϵūžͱūһڽҲǽʳģͷأôżûͳҰˣ
ֻū㣬ͷͷץ˸٣Ұݺһۣ֫ǿ治ˡ
ԪڳڲΰηСҷݣȥι
ūڵ϶ͷûгҲġ
Ԫڳڿеһ˶һá
˵Ԫ˭Ǿֻǽˡߵֻ¶ԸңҪˡ
ЦŭҿССֻ²¡һذײڱһֶſڵϵū֣С
ū˷ſ֣ū̧ͷ¶Ϲ˵һֻ۾
Ԫһ£ЦøӺˡ
ūվȥӭչ⣬һӨ⣬˿ֽ޳·ͤǰ̬󷽣֮ˡֻϹһֻ۾ŤüĿţһֻõ۾ȴˮһ㣬˲ȥϧ˫Ŀã⽫һôꡣ
Ԫ˲̬֪ũӵܣ۾˺ˡ

ūʩ񣬡գ֮Ϊȡū
־˵һˡ
Ԫ̾ҹ㲻ƷˣΪεˣΪμң
ū¶һЦͻȻ˵ƥˣʬģ
ΰǡôĺһӿɱ˵ղͳ
Ԫʱʧɫ˭֪ΰɱ˭æҪڶ㣬ȴū޴Ȼӭȥ
Ҳ
Ԫ޵
ΰȻ岻סuȥ첲ˡװѽΰĽڵϣתͷūС뽯д𣿡
ūͷĸ
еΪĸ˵Ҫ׵ʬҲ׳
׵ҹоֹδ޶˵ֲͻģū˵ȺĽԪء
ūһ֮ˡɱɱĸ֮ޣ
˵͸ˣ˵ɱĸ֮𲻹Ϲһֻ۾ôҲˡ
ΰʱͻȻָūԭԭ㻹δ𣿡˵ҪסˣƶҪɱū
ĺ
Χ˶뿴ҵЦһԭǽĶӣӺ޵ҪʬԺ˼һܴ
˵սУҺܿƴǰ
˵ڽǸѮ̵ʱ򡪡ūΪһԹĸ輿輿òһӾ㵹˽磬ǿȡᣬ輿ռˡȻ輿ݵͼ˼ᣬ̺ôϵĽ硪Ϊһֱˣ߶ԾȴѾū
Ǽ£͵͵ūڽҡū֪ԼֻϧС˳𣬵һֱǺŽġ
ζ˶ܻɶСˣʺйȻūͱȥˣͲ˵ˡ
ΰԱ߰ŭЩƹιʺˣô˵ʱͰǼɵСӸʺأ˼ͷģҹʱЩûιȥ
ǳСʱֶξͲˣ䱾֮£ūûһֻ۾籩ŭūɱǸ˵ʣ˼꣬˽һҸ˻Ȫ·ȻһҲս
ڿվڵ̹¶Ҳ꣬ΰе磬䰮籦ĺӣѾˡ
ūס۾ҼϹֻۣ͵˽ϵ֮ӴˣǶԹ
˵ô˵ֻǿӣ˭˵ĶԹŻҪǺ޽ҵġ
ΰЦӿЦҽѪҾһ̣䣬ͳ˼ŻӪ˾Ͳܳˡ
ִǰūڿ׼ӭսԪ˵ˣȻԹԸң
ΰһ㶣ϵӴԺ⣿ڵӣԽԪܲ
ūֽΰôͻȻСʮһЦĿ
ΰ޵ĵɹȥСӣԽԽˣ
Ԫ΢Ц˵ٸ̴ӡ
ΰƣҿɽߴ
ӪȻϲӣһɡ
ΰŭĿԲˣתͷȥɷӪ
ūһЦߵԪǰͶشƻݺūԸ̺ˣ
ΰŭ㡭ǰūץuǰһЦϢŭҲһμѻ
ԪЦϳҪдˣҵɡ
սˡ
ΰʱŭĿѡ
uһϸ룬Ҳÿ⣺ϾǽѪʱȴҪΪʹӣҲǰ֮
Խ˵衣
ūȻ󣬽ᷢڱΪβҸף
˵ūֻūūĽ磻ūҲĽˡ
ԴЦ˵㣬ҵĶӣ
ԽԪͷӦǣ


24 
ūԪʱɳ޳·;һдӼūԺˮԡ
еʹˮȥȥ̲ס
ūΪ⣬й۲һˡ
ԪǴӣȴ˿áʳסУȫǷҵˡ
ūаЦӺ̹̹߳򳵶ӣͻȻɴӺһ߳ϻŷΡ
ǡ
ǱһۣǡÿһŮӴӳһߺܽߴһʲôѰһˡ
һ֪·ūһӲͳһǰӡ͵ذѰ⿪һ·һʼͷ
ͷȻϴɳǾһţΨһһоǰͷȫ̵ͷͨᷢ⼼̫߶ˡǵýᷢʱᵹһСƿĶġڰʲôûС
ˡ
ūͷҲˣ·ܵԪǰ
Ԫڳһڿ̧ͷͿūޣüͷסۣǿϧ̾һ
Ԫֵ
ֻūʩȻס°ڣڽԪ׺ٽ°ڷźãһһ뻭
һͷڵˮҷҲ˾
Ԫͷɡ·˭ģ
ūһŮӡ
еŮ˲࣬رǽԪֻĸԪһ֪ǽȾǽڣ϶ǽķԸŮӼֱɾһ֮ǰͷ˶еߣһҶ¶ԸͶЧ׳ʿ
ϼȻ·ͷòܿǲǱŮӶѣڶжһʱͿԴǡûн£ԪҲֻһЦ֮
Ҳ˾٣ҲŻ߿뽪һۡȻҲֻŮūˡ
ԪЦһСӱ㣬ձΪ
ū²˭ǵýԪһӣֻǺѧ˵ɡԪ˵Ŀ϶ӡֽ磬֮ǰʲô˵⻹ԼģºˣԪ߿϶иĺӺҪ
﷭ȥϹū϶ƥЦùɼˣǣ
ߺߺߣͲͽб˵ڵ˯˯ǺǺǺǺǺǣ
ԷʱԪֻ˷ͷһϯľūˡֻūڽԪһֱͷڻ谵ͿϹ˵ֻ۾ˡ
Ԫϸū÷ʱûзһֱʱūһһ޲ʾȷʵã㲻ǽӵܣҲǴ
Ԫ̾˵飬Ҳ챣ӣ³ɰɡ
ٷԵ÷ͷθʹǶ֪һ˽Ӱ䱦˭ûϾ˭û»ȥһ輿֮ӳԲǱ⡣ڽˣͻȻðҺɱƺ뽯ԨԴܾһ
˻صУӪѾùﻹпζΪڽǰԹЩ⼸һҶɱ򣬳Ե˶ˡ
˵˲÷ϡһ˵ɫ֪϶ϹˣһСʲôã
ҡͷµҿƺǳϲһʣ˵ūȷʵò˲ףϹһֻ۾˭°
užƺڴԣЦˡŮҲСͶˡ
Ӫ˶ŤͷuԸŮһ⣺շ
շףūʲôշģū֮ӣϹһֻۡ
uߵ̫ˣһһ
ôһ˵ŻȻ̷һģҾô˲飬ڻعǰɡȻԪģǾ͵ٰż벻롰շ
uȻ⣬ҲӦȻô˵ˣӾȥš
ϣȻū̽Ԫ˯¡
ԪżɽȻǽС󣬶һ˿֮飿
ū˳谮èʱڻϧɶèԾһ𣿡
Աèѵ㲻ãҿҲʶ񣬿ɼ㲢֮
ūū飬Ÿʹࡣ
ԪŶԭˡ
ūס۾ұ뿪ңı·֮󣬺δȥδΪֻǡ
Ԫϧļ磬۰ҪԷƱ
ūҡͷūѾʲôˡϹһֻ۾ͶЧһλ£Ҳϯ֮С壬ȴ޴Ͷ
ԪʱŶūҪʲôڽʱΪۣһԸ̧ͷͦصˣ˵ѽҲڽ¡ϧ۾˴ϹԸԶʵˡŻô޽硣
ΪպΪ䡣
ūҵضġ
ū̧ʣһֻ۾עǹ⣬ͿأһҲ
̸ü룬Ԫ𽯼ҵ¡
ū֪޲ԣ
ܽΰĸΣԪʡ
ū°ΨҶ𣬽Ҵϵ£ΰ뽯ǰūһ㡣
ūͰѽ˵Ԫ
뽯硢ΰͬĸʱĸѮ˵ʱ㣡
ʱңȴδӣ˵Сڽϥϳģ籦
֣żơɽ֮߷֣ҽŮ֡ԽɽȽɼ
ū˵˴ϸĹ۲콪ԪɫȻ̾ȴ֮⡣
ӶĵĲˡ
ūδʱ󣬽Աܾ
Щв֮ӡ
ͳˡ
ǽĸʢʳһӣͻȻ͵գҾ͹ᦡ
˫СҲͬȻȥʱڼзɥŴ¾һͷѪ
ʮһµ£콵ѩԱȫѩǡֻ£¶ΪɥܿͲˣһֱڶ²кת¼գ꣬ʾͲ̨ˡ
ļλ˳ˡ
ʷӽԪÿһ˵ģūϸ
ˮĽ˵ǳҰģһֱȴ˵Ȩı罯ҡԼҡҡ
ҺͽҵˣȴһֱǡƺԹ׳Ұģʲùųȴ߽ԪֳԭģܣЩӵʱβ˳ӳ
ūȴǳץס˻ᣬҵ˳ƶ𣬽ʹȻ޴ȴ˳ΪƷ
֮󣬽ýΪģԼȴӮҡūûеθڣֱ˵Լҽ˳
³а˰ٽū
˶߬ţţͻȻͲˡһֱ͵͵ңһֱûҵҪǽûأΪǽʲˡ
ʹ԰ȥ԰ڡ԰ŷֻӦӭ԰Ϊ
ūһţֻ˺һѽͽΪˡ
ʮֵóϲ԰ͳ뽯ʹһ̥
֪ûԪҲһĶ첻ˡ
ū̥ͽ綼ˣαǰһܣʮŮα˽¡ý֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ժ󣬳ԽҲճ谮ʼŮ
ūūαԽ뽯硣ֻǳֻƫࡣ
ԪöУαǸթСˣ۵λĹӣƽʱֻԺ뽯˵İڲڹΪһλôĸԸȨڲˮýԼ϶ȴʯͷԼĽš
粻Ǳ˵ģǷα˼һϷ
ūֻαû뵽뽯ˡ
ԪһڳһЦŶ˵ҶȲˣ
ūͷ˵ⶼūµġڳһ˼˵˽ɽ֮ӽ뵱ȴùṲ֮̊ʱŮΪޡº󣬽ҲϴŮȴҲûġ£Ҳ𾴣ûб֮ԡ
ԣūΪ뽯磬ֻ͹һ𡣡ū
Ԫ̾ūôһˣһı
ôȰĿ⿴ūҵĺαԳΪūҪԱҽжɰ䷲ˣ
ūͶſڵϣǣǣл
Ԫūȥ󣬽һôأ
ū½ΰ뽯֮ȶ
Ԫ⣬Ƕ˶Ҽǵýӽ룬׳
ūЦнڣΰ뽯ֻѧôѽҽ룿
Ԫ𾪵棿ǰδԶΰ֮ǰǰ潯ѵҲЧ³磿
ΰʵжشң


25 
꣬³⣬ڵǰһǳأкɽն
ɽİǰ֣ԴڴͳʵۣʱһħǧͳһƬħǰҪϰ˰ˣ˰ͯ治ӣҪչ͵ÿһƬýӿݽߡ۲ӣħͽûһ꣬ûһƬѩѪ治ݡ
أʡ
ʹŴѻħˣϻ硣uݱ󣬾˰ɽ꽨ڴ˴˵һգħ̤һ
ʱѾǷƮҡ
ٹʮ꣬;ˡu
д󳼷׷Ȱ裬ָ˵Ч档ʱдսȴδ˰ܡȥͲˡuָǰѾԼܿĺɽ˵˵Ҳ˰ɽ꽨һŭضɽҡ֮ɽͺϳһ˵˶Ҫϥս񵽴ҲҪжס
̽ͷȥɽԶĺɽȫ˵ôΡߴ಻һֱ쵽ƽߵһˡڵƽߵľͷһɫĳǳأССģôۡ
Ǻˡ
ū˽Ԫĳͺٳû֪ڳڸԪ˵ЩʲôֻԪһձһոϲֱһ죬ԪԷӪЦν⣿
һ°ѷӪŪ˸첻˵ˡԺ󣬵ǲūǽĶӣڰ
ΰڳѧЦˣСǰᱳ״뱻СԲֹһκڹѧԡ
ҲЦūһˡ
ΰڰ֣ԺֲܽˡӲǸ𣿽ɱڣʲôҲǽӵܡ
ΰôȥ
ˡ
ūϸŽԪֻΪǽķԸΪڽԪߣܵõĶ࣬һҪööࡣΪԼŸڽԪߵġˣ͸óĿˡ
ΰһ´ȣҪСӺôУ
ǵĳŲýг˰ÿһ˶ģͲýˣ硣
ԵԶԶӹʱܣ±ں˳ǡ
ǽϵҲˣȥţ꣬һڼλ˵Ĵӵ´Ҵ˳ǽһҲüת˵ɣ㿴
ϯ壬ѾϾϯϵеһˣڵѾϵе뿪ı·еϣ
ϯĸһӶϣϯػ̨գϯСʱֲͣ˵ùáãʱǸӡ
ϯڵŮ͵ڣϯĹùòܳ裬ϯȴܵóϲ˵ΪУԺҪȥ̨׵һֻ𻷣ˤ̨ףɥ
ϯĸϢһغˡϯʹĸ׵뿪˹ڴˡԳϯ壬ҵ
ǹϵڴ˳פأչţֲŹۣȴ游¾޴֣óԺӾ˭ҵǾǲ֮
ϯ壬Ҳ֪ĳϯʹһֺý
ϯԶĶ飬֮ǰ˵Ҫӭؽ֮ӡ
δ³ǶԹ˵һõĻᡣ
Ų˷ˣ
ϯӵǣĳԸһӭҲÿûнҴˡ
ȥȥŸں꣬δ̨ռ壬Ҳϯĵطϯڣʲô˲õҲ׾Ŀ
һ˷쪣е˶׶ۡ
ÿɾūվڳϣ̾
Ԫû뵽˵һ䡰ڳʲôū⣬ȥˡʱŷūҲǸʮѡ
ūһǸɾֻǹǲǵˡ
ԪԼˣʲô
šūԼ֮䣬Ľܵ
һݳڣuţȴ÷ţ޲ܰ´ϡ
ô˵ԲһòȻ֮Ƚ˳ǣڵӭһɽʱ
uԱߴЦ˵Ǵˡ
£
ֻߣһ£Ƕأ̫࣬ȫһ𣬿ԭ
Ԫ³˼ĻҲǰһžһһͷͶأһ̧ͷᣬ񣬴ѲĻһ
ĶԷu˵ֻҲǸˡ
u˴˾Ц⣬ͳŲסˡ
ۡ
һ˶ȴڱǣĿӷu䣬㶼ĵuԶһ㡣
uֺҲ޴ӽתͷؽݣֻ¶һ˫ĿЦ
Ღһ¡
շӪ˵룬ͿýԪ¶֪£򣬱Ͼ뿪̨ʱ̫Сˡ
ʵڻһ⣬Ӫ˶ûԪ˵ǽԪǡ
ȻóԪһֱӦöϾǽʵѪֻҪһ¶ȻȻͻǮ˵ľˮ뿪ġ
ݹʦʦѧϰʱֻˮꡣ
ĽԪҰ֮пһ˲ף̨ɾͲˡ
ӭŽԪʹ޹콪ԪļȥЪϢ뽯ڴ˵صȻҲӵܣ˵Ӫͽΰȫʺãһʱǵ˶ˡ
ԡ¹󣬹뽪ԪϯϾһ֮ȫ֮Ҳһ㣬ϯҴҶɣϯȴˮ㶼Уֻһβӱ۳ķУͣ죬ǣϻڣ˺һ㻨˴Ρ
ֻһˣ㹻Ŀˡϯ˶һ
Ӫһ£Է˵ˮ㣿ǻģ
ֻǽУ˵ءֻ㣬Ҳѵһ
ڴ˵ǺεȺ
ӪԼˮͳأ˲Թ񣬶ǰɢ㲻мһˣԱߵķuӣ˵Լߣ岻ԣֶΪˡ
ӪŭӷuϽסӪȾơ
ȴuŷӪ㣬ȴԼһ̸ˡ
ϯϣԪھͶūȡһ룬Ҷȥ
ūûʽˣ֪ǽԪҪѽ͵ǰӦ£־ȥӡ
ԱߵĹһ£ǵô˵ԪȷһӣֻСѵԪܿӣѵȢһ򽯼ҵŮ
˵ĳˣԴ˵ϽȡһβϸϸƣСȥ
ԪֹЦСҼҽ𡣡
У˫۶Ȼ⣬˷ܺˣ˫ֳ쳤ӣȲʣԭŮӣתͷԴ˺ȵ죡Ⲷȥץ㣡
ΪԼֲãͷĸȡ˸͵֣ⲡ
ԽԪڼ￪˸̶רˮ㣬ⶼΪ˽ӵᰡ
ϯϷӪ뽯ΰ⻰Щʳʡ
ǽԪЦͬУͬС
ӪҪˣϣȥӪС˵˶Ҫͷʲôҵʲôǰͷһ𣿡
ٱҪСŭŭ
ΰԴ˵˵ҲЩļơ˶˿ͣպλҪ˵ĻҲ˵ôˡ
һǽȥġΰŽԪ³պڸʲôأ᲻УУū˵ɫҲСޣ
ūһ׳˶ӴҴҶ˵һͭ¯¯Ϲһβ
ԶԶūƺڵǣ⹫Զ˾ѹ˫֣²ͣһ·Խūūֻ˱һϮ硣
ŽԪѾں档
һʯڣһǸʹӾסġ
ūЦֻ¹Ҫ֪ˣһµĹȡλŮӵķ𣿽ŮӾȻʯ
뽪һеĴȫЪ⣬ʯݿҲû˽ȥⲿһĻӽˣվ⣬кüˣмŮףͣꡣһŮһСΣӦþǸԪҰ֮ȢŮˡŮ͸
һŮӶЦ̡
Ůӣ
̧ͷ⿴һղǹźվ⣬ʩһⲣŮӡ
ֻΪĲ
һðζĴ
۽䣬ͷʾ⡣
ȥǰӭֵӣҼ롣


26 
ⲣϵǸϲļһ˼ǣȻ˵˵ġһʼǵĽû⡣
ūһӡ
ⲹάţȻͦģӴζɰˡ
մóԣ䣬׳ָѼ˺ڴڵĳԣ
³ʾ伸ҲſˡʢһСЮһñմιǰԵĿҪĶ࣬Լˡ
ʳһٺ󣬴ˮϴ֣һϸݳȵĶСյֱ͵빨ǰ
ūȻһٷӣʱȴŲ£ӹеСյ͵ߣڰɡ
Ŀ۹ⲣȡһשɫ͡
һʼͲڵˮ̽ڻûˢֶǻѾˣuڹڵˮиҶкܶϰߣݡ㻨ģϵģ򵥵ľˮô˵Ժ󣬽ʹϼÿٷڣһʼϰߣֱˣˮ̵ô˵һˮĵֱʵϰˡ
Ϊȳˡ
һڣһɻˮӱҶζüͷʱˡ
ūԱϧ˵ϲģ»أūΪ׼㻨ˮ
ɫȻȫղ̽ʧֺеĲ˼æ㻨Ҽ԰бֲõ塢
ūֻŽ
ǽ俪ڣ𣿡
㶵ǲղ𡣡
ūŽϷȥϵҪкѣСūʱȥѰ
ų۽С
Ա߱ҵĶûطվˣﾪκˡû뵽䣬Ȼôң֪ļҡԽԽľսֻ˸ˣȴ˼ϸһ㣬ýԪǲԶɽҰв֪˼꣬һֱ֪ûиλһŴչˣԪ᲻Ǻǣң˭ҰѽԪﻹңǻ᲻ǰڽԪǰ˵ҵĻȻԪΪʲôǲҲŹңʲôʱ
²ϸ룬ϸ֮󣬹Ҽֱ
ϣסϾС׶ԸûϵнūȻһ˵һ˵³ԣȴһһģֱ;ͬ飺һû
ֻŭСߵ̴ȴǺöԸģ
uãô˰ͻȥȡȻҪϷͰϷøá
ҲһУЦӯӯⲺЦͷߵߣ˫ִУȥɹģЩɢˣȽƺãĳֲժ
ⲶʱΣУuһһСģȫ䣬Ů˶Сˣ
ףֻ²ֱ棬úþͰҲδ֪
ӿս⣬ȰĳԸֲֻͼһЦ
uҲЦôãⲣȡȪˮķۣɹ𻨣һɡ
ǰ˴죬ҪһףҪΪԼˡˣȫǰռĺòϡ
ӹu˫ϵĽǱһھڿڵҷˣȥɡ
Ҫĵ׷ߣðͰǿ
uϷȫףԼ²㣬ԲĵĹⲸȥˡ
ⲱ棬˦֣ľ󡪡ղܰӲ
ĳҪ̺Ͳˡ̬ȷܵĶԷu˵
uĴ˼ªʯݣùⲸѪȭͷյÿ֨֨졣
u˺Թ˸Ҿ
Ⲳ⡣
ĳлӣĳһ֮˵꣬ﳤȥ
¹ҪѪ˵˶Թڰɵæ̫
ʯڣιȷˮýȺǸϽԷǱ߳ţһ߲ʱͷū
ūڽһ࣬¶õǱ
һۣһԸ͸ӡ
ūЦݴһ˿Įūλô
Աߵİóһչһǽβ˿ǽúܼªûƿΣūһϳʲôõġ
ǽϥϣӾðͲ¡
ūǽֻϹ˵۾ϣ̹Ȼ̸ð
˲ϲἰ̴˾ǵˡҲΰ˲ϲΣֻԸ̹αء
ūƷζĻָ
ЦĳֻǸСΰۡһ֣뿪ˡ
ȥ·ϣūʱʱһס۵ǿǽû͸ƵĶһߣϺ˳ЦҲϴˡ
룬ڽʱЩνģʵҲҸ
ڼ룬һܸһһϲϾͲ֪ˡ
ūǽסϹۺ󣬷ԼܻӭˣʱӭĹˣͷıܿסϹۣˣȻߺһ
صԪߣԪҶʳĻϲ
ūͷԪǽҲʣ빨ĵúܿģЦ㿴⹨Σ
ūơ
Ԫ빨ŶЦŷǳ˵ƽȨƣΨͷʳ
żе˿νĺ䣬Ůģ֣Ů飬κŮңз飬ŮһᣬֻΪū
ٷһֱԵ˺ҹ˺;Ʋͣϡգ˵ϻ򣬼Ͱͭʢϣȼƺ
յĹɳΪ󣬺ҹĹ칬㡣
˵Ԫuˡ
˵ĸŮǰգ費ݡ
ԪĿϾӣΧˣһͺȵЩˡ
ӪþзuȥuϣֻһЩˣôһҲδɡӪҪȥԼһ;ˡ
ûҲ֪Ⲳᣬһ·ûʲôֻ⹨ҵ˲֪ж٣ˣͬеһЩ׳ʿ඼˰סǹģֻ½Ԫͻزˡ
뵽ˣuȥ˽ת˽Ԫ󡣷Ӫ¶΢Ц
ūڽԪ߲uһȥuͷлһ仰Ҳ˵ū֪ݣܵ÷uһѾǸ߿ˣ⻹ǿڸ˽ԪķϣڽңǸλɰɽҲһˡ
ѾᵽһС¥Ⲱ˵ȥ˴ֻû뵽˸ˣ󻹴һβ͡ѷʳںãѾϼ˹ˡⲴҪȳ⣬ȴ뽪һһĶ
ԭŮ
뽪ڶЩţû뵽񽪼˵һһһľУûǡ
ľо쳣ǿյġ
뽪ľڽûдľе˼һʼΪǸ͹ŵֱ߶ûľﵽʲôȥһ·룺Ǻε䣿
ڹⲵġ¼ѳǹֵңǿ԰ɡ
£Ȱｪѹ࣬ӹԣʽ䣺Ǳô
ܶŮˡһձһץһֻ죬˺ҧܶ࣡
ˣתͷȷʵЩѽãԼԣ߽⣬ҧ
ߣοҪ̫ࡣ
ԴЩԺ󣬽ԪҲûҹϡչϵЩŮܽԪ᲻ǣϡ
ս֣û˵ĬĳһͲˣȵݸ⣬ҡҡͷס˵ζ
Ȼһˮڡ
ǽĵġ϶ԽԪڴϣؽԪģԱΪԼãԪŲ
ϲôԶԲ¡סӣסԼϸݵĸ첲ؿ̫ƽˡ˵زҪ⣬һ⣬춼ζͲҳˡ
ãԪǱĵ裬游ȴΰ˻ҪΰˡɷͲʧȥ
ŽߵС˵ܲܽ˵˵ֻˣǸѧĻǽԪ˵ĻҲѧ
uѧʱڵϼѧýѧȴȥϼˣǲ֪ѧʲôĻǻڽԪѧ֮ȥѧɡԪϣǶ˵³ԣѧֺýԪڱ
ϣѧϣѧ
Ϊʲôѧʡ
Щɬ˵˵Ҳѧ֪˵ʲô
˵ѧ͵͵ѧġ
ͷҲ͵͵ѧ
˵ѧԺ֪ˣͻ
סˣѧԺȥҽԪͻ֪Ҳ˵ˣˡô
ãдɻ󲻽۾˵ƭˣ±֪ƭˡΪҶĺӡ
¶΢Цͷǣô˵ģеǼ£ԪܳϽ뽪ĺӣм£
ǲǣѹ˵ǲģûĺӣƭģ
ˣɫʱò԰ˡ֪еӣڴҶᳰЦˡǽԪ԰Ҳӵ
˵ǽҴԲŲ˵Ļ
ס죬ƴҡͷҲ˵Ҳ˵ŵĿ򽪹ȡںͽ䣬ҪȥǣҲܲҪ˵һѳס˵ܱҴͻɱǡԪǶȥҲ˵ȥġ
ʵģ½ԪѾڿɱ뽪ˡɱ뽪ѾûˡȱŮūԸܴ˵ȥֻҪɱϣû˵彪뽪ǲĺӡ
ϻһ˶ˡ
ϵ۾˵˵ԣǲ뿪̫ԶҪһֱҡ
һƣýԪ꣬죡
ƿϾˣߵ档ҹɫŨʱᵽϯȼϵ
ūû˯һֱš
Ԫߵūߣҹ¶Ͱϵ·ϣΪβȥЪϢ
ūҼѱ棬ūҽһ
Ԫūߣ֪ġ
ūūϣū䣬ūܲ౨
棿Ԫ
ţūЦɣһ仰׵಻ڣ
ԪЦ£һǣΪҽǡ
ū±סԪ֣˵ūʲôԸ
ԪһŮߣ̨߽Ҿ֪ڡ
ūȻһ
ԪɫЦҶ
ūŷһת֪λˡֻһֱŮūһ˸벻
ЦģūΪǡ


27 
Ȼ뽫ԪգӪǲͬġЪϢһ󣬵ڶǾҪˡ
ϴӽ͵˹ݾӵƮ鿣סȫǹŵĽ殣ЩСʱͱ˴Ӽ縸ĸϰ裬գ˹ŵŮ˺ƣʳ⣬˿Ӳң·ĽŲƮƮĺƲϡ
µŵʱ򣬹ΪơʹҪιԡһһȹŴʱ߻Χˣֻһ˿·ħŮ
ſӱŮѹԿڲƣµԹۡԼŮ˱˯ô˯ҲԼˡ
ⲿ˲ЩŮˣһӣվ߰ɡ
ŵͷΪŮô
ЩԵãҹŮӲӡ
⻰ǫˡſӵ֪ڽﲻûбᣬ˵ĵ
ãվһݵˣӿǣŹߵڣСҲ뿪꣬˹ȥλˣڹÿķӰҪعңŹⲵļ磬Ҫ̫ȡȥŮӣҪʲô͸ʲô
ĬĬͷȴһ²ӣһֱҲȢŮӣҰȥ
ֵͻȻЦҪȥȥɡֻպȢŮӣʱҪվأھΪ̫Ҳãվͽ㲻عˣҽ䡣
ͨһ£ݺݿ˼ͷҲ˼
Źⲵļ磬˵Ҳ뿪꣬ҾԼȥȢŮˣﻹСӣ
Ŀɿڴ˶ɵˡ
ŵôţţȥȢŮӣ˵㻹пܣʹˣŮӼ޸ңܸıܸûҪ࣡һ޵ҹգĲ˵ҿŮںʲôʲôһԾٺ֮ȥͷⲣ𣿡
ⲲҴͷ
ЦȥܸŮʲôΪСŮ飬ͬĲ浽һ𣿱Ĳ˵˵Ϊʲôϼ޸ѵʱûб׷ΪܸԣҲûоܾ׷󣬻һ˸ӣѵǱж
ſڵĨ˰ֱǶ޴Ӵˣȥ
ŵú뿪ȶ飬ͶЩʵ᲻ãĵܵҸɷɣ˹ҶҲá
ⲻؼҺһ£ӾȻԸ޸ĵܵܡⲹȻЩζҲȥҵܵܵҲԸ⣡
¹ⲵеˡ
ְ͵ܵ󣬿վһͦ䣬ֻýԵܵ˵úö
ϸ빨빨üĿ֮仹ǺƵģⲼȥһһģһˡСԣ˵ԷżһһڳԣҪԵʲôʱ򣡡Ҳ̫ϲӡ
ⲵǳеһ빨ⲶϲˣҲһⲵӲϲɷȴڼʱ̾̾Ⲳɷб𱧣Ȼ޸ɷĵܵܣ˹ҲĽɩӣһ˵ϲüҡ
ⲳȥ󣬼ܵܺ͡ǰޡԼѾ˵ϻˣӲζˡ
ڶʱⲾ⳵ˡϧ⳵Աе㳬أһϡȵĸһ֪Լȥɥȥˡ
ֻڣҪȥ𣿡
ۿڣеĵͷǰǰŮӲ֪ʲôһʣʵڲôֱ𣡡վڳߣųһ߳̾һߣͻȻԶȥ~~~~
ãĹƽкá
ۣǻ
ú
ɬŽһ֪ӡ
uǡôĳˣһֻѣ֮̾ȻźĹⲣѾͿڣ峺ĵ˲Χ˵ߣѸղŹһָѹȥˡ
ⲾվڳԺuֵ꣬һ޺
uҲִ֣ɵ֪ѣǰһסⲣߣһ߼ĵкþƣ
ͿuŹˣĦҮ
ղһֱԱߣʱԷuҲ¶ɫôȭԼЩɥ
Ŷٳʮ꣬δؾͲ˵ˡ
һֱڽԪĳԣŽԪĳӽԪϳͿʼᡣȻ֣Ȼ滨ֵ̬֮͸죬մˮԷۣ۾ˮϴ峺úܡ
һ·ӳͷ޵⣬Ԫ޵ҲҪˣϳ
ūʹӳڳȥλӡ
ŵ˽Ԫ仰岻ϳŽԪּޣ빫һ𣬲֪ղ
ǰڣԪûв޵ģҲ类˿ϰˡʱҵùһˣ޺
⻰
Ԫ޵ı˵ңȰ˵빫ӣպȻټһգӲҪˡ
Ű˵Ӳ֪ĳպֻںϣң̨Źӵΰˡ
Ԫкѣҵ̨һţ빫
סԼûס¶ϲɫޣĳԣؽΪ³סǣʱȷĺ󣬹ҵ֦һҲزȥˡ깨游빨ҵֵܣֵҲˣοںҲûʲôá֮ӺȥܾˣͼǺˣ͸عˣ˵̫˺ܳӹܵµطʱסĵطûУӶҪԼǣˮҪԼʲôӣ
žͼ̳˸׵ԸعȥȻûȥıںֻһѾҽнԶˣһãⲣⲵĶһ˵ˣǱع»صҵùҲٺǣ
Ԫ֮ԣźԭˡȻ󹨌ſһ̾һһֱ̾Ӫ÷͡Żغꡣ
סԪ֣³Ǽ춼찵ˣҪϽϵһӪĵطֻûȥŹż
ǻںȣʵǷu빨ⲡ
ںأˡ
˵Ŵ⳵ĺԻ涼ǿԲģӣͨ͸رʺ·
ҲˣΪ϶ģΪڵ˺ɹڣ԰Ϊ
ͷˣȥʱһء
ΪʱһЩʱ䣬ҪϵһˮԴӪӲòӿٶȡ
ܿûȥܱˣŴĳĺıĴϼ˶ǽץסһֻн˵ڳģ϶סСҧͷһ߱һЦҪ˵
ͷĵøߣȻһͲˣ棬굽ﲻˡ
ҧ˰ɣ㲻Ҫģһ߽ӻͳͳһǷuģɫһرӨ͸
Żǣ߲ˣһֲʵǾͲˣֿʼĴġȺͽڵϱģǣֹ̺
ΪҲرԾ֪ʲôʱģʲôʱѧ۸뽪ڵģ
ɫ˲źǱߣһѣȥ֪䣬˴ҵġҳ
ýôС۸뽪ڣµڲ֪Ӵ˵̬ѧĶԼȡڵ̬ȽȻ෴ܿܲΪΨһһˡ
̫ɽˣǻûеԤˮԴءԪЩǣ̣ȥǰ̽һ̽жԶ
̾ȥǣʱǰ̻ܣʵǽ֣ԽҲ쿪˫ȥ̵̣ͬȥ
̲ƿѾǰˣһ䣺
ȥԱǣһƥĵ콹̣һܿ죬סˣܵöᣬòͣӣȻܲ
̻ͷһۣЦҲȽܵøˣת۾ͲӰ
ū˻ʵڲĿô˸ڽƥݺȥ򽪱ȥ
ѾܳˣūȥһδεĶǸýµͣ𣬲һͰѽˡ
ˤϣˡ
ūϣҲȥ𣿡
˵Ҳ˵ʲôֻǴūϲڳЦˤʱۣһ̣ĵߡ
ū
һ󣬽ΪūڳЦڻЦͷݺݵĵһū
ūЦԾŽתһȦ
ŭȻūϣڵϼ˿ʯͷūȥ
ūЦԶˡ׷˺ܳһΣȴֻܿūԽԽԶߵİʯͷڵϡ
ǳǱöˣصԪڶҵĳ˹ȥ
ôӣߣѧôųߣһ춼ϣƨɶǽġ
ССܹȥ
̬ζ˵
˵ᣬＸѡҶ˵ͻˡʱý˵ʲôеľû
㻹ʲôġʽ䣬ôȥ벻ףѵڽ仹ԪǶôΰô˶ģô˶еĴԪҲҪϥôĶ飬׷潪Ԫˣ
ȻûȥŽԪһֱڽߡ벻ͨ
俴۳ڣֹѾ˯ˣҲ˯ˣղŽû취Է̫ͣˣһһˮ
콪ߵԶһ㣬óѴҡ
߾ˡ˵Ҫǡ
ý˵ĶǴʲôûģûץģгţʳʲôУӦøһȥŵǰȥǣ֣ܿߺ޵ĿŽ䣬䣡㲻Ҫˣ˭һУ
ûܿĿ⣬ȻģԪɱأѾԽԽûеˡ
ҡȥȥ˵
Ǿͺãҵ
ڳϣĻЩ仯Ҳ޷ֹġڽԪϲ´һΣٲ´Ͳˡ
Ž˯ŵϡ
ΪԪɱǣûУͬΪԪɱϣܻн뽪ڣأ¶
Σ֮ǰֻܿˡ
죬ǲŵˮԴءΪʱ䲻еĳҴΧһȦԪ뽪ĳȦڵС
ڳȦڶȼѣϴӲԶˮԴдˮȡܼ򵥣ò֪ʲôݵеĸɱ棬˳ԡ
ڻϿǣѾ֪óԣȻҧŽе⿪ʼˮ
һȥʣµĸ䣬ÿ˳һСˡ
ķѾܺˣֻǸȾͲöˡ
׼ԣⲴͲˡҲ֪˾кóԵģϵҪˣڻ֡տաĵȹⲽ
ҪŽ뽪ȥסȥ
Ⲽ˾˵˲ؿֻˡ
һ󼦵󣬵ڴ˿ȴ̫ˣ
潪һ뼦á
ǲˣuһľôûϵоôˡ
ʲôƣʮ
ֻһ÷˼˵㣬ӱ⡣
⣿ٳһ㡣
ϼֻڳڡѼһ룬ݸϡȻһۣҲûԷԡֽˡáĸ鶼⡣
Թֿʼ֣ҲҵŹⲵڳϱģĸ˵ϵͷҪ³
ôˣʡ
ϲ˼˵ȥɢɢʵͽҲȥһ¡
⣬ãҲȥɢɢ
Ȼеʧ񣬵ܱ뿪ǿ
ˣæÿ·ȴ뽪ڽֿտյ³ˣæȥƥ
һ£ˣæ˵ãüȥתͷԽȺͽڵƥΧ
뽪ڲҪʲôҲϳȥˡ
Űݣн䣬ûɸˣֻվڳԵȡ꣬uҲŴ˺Ͳ˹ˣЦu۳ˣٿܣҲûˣأ
ⲵȥɢˡuһۣ㲻Ҫٸȥ
uЦˣðҾ͸һȡδ䣬Զ
д̿ͣ
ϻ£
һߣһĿ˴һ𣬽뽪ڱŽˡ
С˫ƿıסڻ
д̿ͣ³Ժд̿ͣ
͸ϱµĿ϶ǸϸĴ̿Ϳסͷͷû¶һ˿
Ҫס
Ҫס


28 
ҹɫŨҰϼֻҰ񷢳ధС
ūڻҰϱܣڷһƺһܣң
ɱˣ˳һ£
ѵȥʱոʱѾڱ֮ˡ
Ͳһ㣬Ҫѵʱе˶ɱˡ
ǱʬѹµǸŮ

ʬأƲֻܶǸк˻𣺡֣ϣﶼУ
ŮָǸк¼ǺţѾкĶ֣¼ǺţΪպ󱨳
ܿ侲ɱϣѾˣͲٻȥɱˣھҪϿ뿪ػǸкתˡ
øʵˡ
һΡ
Զܿ죬u빨ҵǡǽ˸ˣһƬڰĿҰ
̫ˡ
̫ˡ
뽪䱻˻ȥu˵ȥҲ֪ܵĽȡ뽪Ҳˣȴһֱ£ڵȽԪһİɡ
˵޵᣿
Сˡ
˰뽪䶼ŵϡ
һƥĲϸϺȥ䡣ղű˴˺ü£ͷϸػ˺ܶ£صǡнȴûд̽䡣
ڱ۾ܿǸ˾һϸĶܡԾ
Σ̫ײµ˭ˡ
ýɣͷûҽҽǼʦعֻͨƾԼǳ֪ʶｪ䡣
ˣݡ֣ǰȴǸİˡ
İ˸á
Խ˵Ҫȥҹȥ
ϣ䣬ЩãȻʲôȻܣȥҽ
ãס
ף˵Ѿȥҽˣҹȥ
Žȥˣƺ޷ʱеĽʱȻһˣҰ׵͵ʱΪ˶ˣҲˡ
Ԫڳ̸ѽŵϣΪѵ˵˵ʱ˽ȥ
߽һٺˡ׵ľ͵ſǻ
һ͵ͷס۾СĿޣСޡ
ûĽûޣߵǰ뿪ڽУȴֲҡ
һ˳ˣͷǷˣƺǷuĸסĶЦ˵Ůӣĳȥɣ£ܼ㡣𽪼һ·û˵
֪Ѿ֪ˡ
ղųûū
صѾˣ仹ԭأƥƿŵһԣŭҪߣֹվסȥѸղҳץŪҵĲ
ʱҲڲϣȴʲַŭֲҷΪ̬ѾͬˣԴһΧȴûʲô˾òԡ
ӪŭŸϽŮŭⲼ˾ͲҪˣĳ͸Ůһٵ
ղʲô˵ҽҵĳй
ղʰоֵĵȻǷҵˣܲ˵ˣŮŭǴŮĳȥͽŮ
һۿ̾Զ̣
̺ܹܿŮʲô½ĳȥ
ղ˽ҵĳץŭҪɱ
֪϶ûϵǾʬ塣˵ѾӦһȥץˣܿȺץСһץһˣ˻Ҫۣ
˺֣ץסһ裬ˤϹ
ŭӣû뵽˱Ű
̽ϵǰȻˤûͷȴŬͷŮӺ磡
Խ˵ɸҿ˫֣
Ҫ˵ͻȻ졣
Ǹ̲ڵϵԺϡͿģҪ˵Ѿľ޽ŮҪ֣
̫ˡ
Ѹײڶ֮䣬Ѿ¾޽ֻ˫һһᣬֻ񱻽ϹһֻѾնˣѪֻӿ
һ
˲ҽ
ȴ˵һ仰⳵ڵŮ͵ȥˣ˵ҾͰͷ
̰Ѿ޽£һѶذϥ£ȥ˵°͡
ŵƴͷһŤ󺰵ںӱߣںӱߣҰӵӱȥˣ
ӵӱߣͻȥˮҰʲôİʬԵ
ýȥڿӣذɡ
еıᣬƺֻصһΪʱ͵͵һ
ʱⲡҲ֪ʲôˣ밲Ǹˡ
ɿԪ˼ûǸŮ˵¡
ԥһ£ǰҰæɡͿʼԣҪһˮء
ǸҴˣͽȥˡ
ȥ
ڳڣڻеĽ䣬ַı£оǼ١ǳϵĺɽӲĺ󱳣֪ıϣ
صԪЩ޷޲ƽǸ嶯ˡϸ۲ŽԪɫһ˿úɡ
ˡȻɱġ
Ů˶˵ȷʵǸ۵㣬αżأڽ̨ǰõɣȻȻȥ֮󣬵ҪҪˡأ
ûˡˡǸкͲֵһˡĸǷˣũҵŮӣҲסѾˣ˵ūľūġ
һֱʱŻصҵĳѾˣͷɢuƣԷ˵ҪˣȥҪ˯һٿuĽһԣ滹ѪۣuĽź·ҲвݹȥĶˣڲŻ
uںҪˣʱ룬һĨ죬Ц㲻ҪСӵ𣿡
ü˵ȥɱˣ
uҹɱշˣǡ׷ȥˡ
ɱˣ
uҡͷ˽ˡ
ˣͲҪˡ
׵ôˣڴʲô⣿
ҡͷƬ̣uŮӣǺεˣ
u룬֣ص֮ߣɱɽ֮ɱԨ˼ദ£ԾֹɳƴϻۣȴҲ֮ŷԪȣΪŮⲻҲ
ǰuô˵׶Ϊ⡣죬ȴˡ
ѽղδǸˣζԽζԽ̣ȫ˷uף̾ʱҪ̿˫֡շǽԪŮˣҪ˵˫֣˵ά丸Ͷס˷죬άǸˡֱȻȻͻв
ӽ֮ӦҲΪĴˡոˣܰѽ£ļƣȡľ
׶Щˣβŵĸ
Ůͣڷ̨ľͲǳˣ
׵һ
˵Ұ
ֻзuԼ극̺ϴմѪյı׼ȥˡ
סҪȥҪȥ
uͷҪ˵ס˵ȥȰ
uԶԷ˵ҶϲӪôȴҪѧ𣿡
ŮǸжҾ
׵вǻиɺ֣Ҳ㹻ˡ
㵱ܳ𣿡
u·ϻһ仰

֮ǰѽͻȥʱһҹû˯˫ۺף¶Цְڻ˯շˣ˵ȥˣ˯ɡ
ŮūԾδֻлԵĽ䣬ϣҲǳԷıˮ˯
ҡǿһȴҲһ
uȥ룬֪Ҫһ˷һѣ

һҹû˯Ƚ󣬾ýȥϿͷ
Ժ󣬿ԶûлĻˡ
䵽Ҳûѣϱù촽ѣ֪ȱˮˡɳˮ촽ȻȱˮֻˮҸڲæ£ɱģҲˡ
᲻һֱȥȻˡ
һֱһ̶ҷ¡ǵͻȻðʱȻ˽䣬Ƚе͵غųðһӾͻϣϮһܡתסΪ˵ڵغ谵֮¿嶫ĽûӦ֮ܿ󣬾ͿסǸˣڲ
һֱֵǸ߲ŵ֪ʲô֧һֱȥ
̵գĺøӶ̴ٺ͹̡

῿ϣĺ
ţڻš
uߵǰǸ֡
߹ȥ˵û𣿡
ֻһ۾Ž䣬һҲƿ
uҪѹСĳһԣ
̧ͷֱӷuҪʲô
uͷϰһָͭ䣬
ӦԣеˣָѾǿԺԲƵ˿ˣٿԺˮҩ
Ȼû˵ҩҲ֪ںδ
û÷uͭȥҼ
û뿪ˣ󣬽ȥˮ÷չ˽ȵȣһֱ˨
ȥһϿӣղžһֱڳԯ˯˵ҪӣӦһȥˣҲûҪӸʲô
uû뿪ͭط䣬ĳȣҲΪʩȣһĳɡ
ڰ
u˵ҪԼ
һۣ·ЩжӦһš
ӳˣĳҲȥˡ
ѾˮԴҵ˼֪ĸãȫ˻
uڳڣϸϸİӵ֦ƽٰɺʵƬԵĥȻɽס֣ɷuϸ붤ָ䡣
һʱûвһ£ڶʱֶ˶
ϲȥҪˡ
Ա۾ɳˣ֪˵ʲôƺһ˿
uڶĸָʱ۾
ˣԺԺ˺һӲιȥˮ˵Ĳȡ
uѾ붼γˣ룬ˡ
˺಼ܶѳڶ̵úģý뽪䶼ڳϢ
뽪Ҳˣˣڳϻ˯
ȴоˣu˫Ŀĳ׷һˣˡ

ĳûuŽϵѪ¶
ܾ˰ɡպлᡣ
uĳˡ
ҪСˡ
uΪɱң
ҡͷΪˣҡ
uЦǰֻ·Ҫҵ̤ʯˡҲ÷ܵ󣬻ǱˣҲá
ūס첲ϵ˿ڣѪ˳Ÿ첲ڽԪ£ǣūʱû˿Ƿuūһ仰Ҳū˵
Ԫü˵ǿɱģΪ㱻ײ
ǣū϶ūʱѾ뿪Զˣϵ·ˣҲˣ޴ŻᱻУ
ԪɲΪҪɱ㣿г𣿡
ūūʮ壬ǷͲڹˣοūڽʱǲܳŵģ
Ԫ૵Ȼг𡭡ּɱǡ
ūסĽţС᲻ᡭ᲻롭õֻǵأ


29 
ū˽ԪĳϣұȶһˣǵɼǣʱȻܴ͵͵ǱӪأص־֮˾̾
ԪӿڳڣҩΪˡ
ˣԪڳڼˣÿն빨Ų̸
š͡ڱȰغ꣬ǰȥһˮƣ⼸Ӫг£ؾǾ壬Ҫúðο裬Ż
ֳɣŵôǷС鷳
ҡͷ˱ԶЩûоǾ塣
ŵҼǵǸȥķһֱסĳظû᣿
УҲС
ⲳŵͷЦûаο
Ҳͷ
ŵⲻͿˣ㵣ʲô
ⲵƽŮӡ
ŵȻǰŮˣ㲻ҪӣʲôԸΪȻͻжġ
ⲵҰ첻ô죿
Ц첻ͲҪ죬ֻҪᣬġ
ܾշϮ֮飬֮󣬴µǸҲٳ˵һֱڳţʳˮɴֶ˵ڣ˲Ŀ
ⲵܾôӶշ̫ˡˣʶûһ䡣
ʲôЦֻ㣬㷿ڵŮˣӣ㻹ǵü
Ͳ˼ˡֻǵ֣еӡ󲻹ǡǸġǸϲȹġǸһͷͷġһմһŮˣֻֻҲϲ˭
οСڣΪǣĻˣŴЦ
üСֻһֻۡᡭ̫˰ɣ
ţֻҪƤ⻬һֻ۾ʲô룬Ͼǽ֮ӡ
ŽͣҲǽ֮ӣһֻ۾ȷʵʲô
ߺ󣬹Ⲿնݷý¶ˮû䣬ʹʳһֱϽҪϢ˲ߡöˣͷֽʵ³֪꣬˵ʲôȤζԪԽȲ䱦Ҳ֮ˣʮ죬ԪЩ
£ַ֮һԣҲóеĸ˳־͸˱ˡյһʯѴСȻ··𻢱ţȤ
ֻԪԽˣͲˡԽ뽪ദԽȤԽ
ͬڳУҲ뽪Ԫһ̸ЦƣƾĶۣԪº̸ֹͣûʧ֮һݣۡɹⲷַuʹӲȥԪǰǷȥҲ뽪ԪͬȥԪ
ԼĶǸ°ͣǳǹҲԪǰˡ
˽ԪƺñɾС⣬ⲻֽԪԴʳ߹ӡõĳǽģ߲˵ҲǹںģĳǷӪģȽĳȻҪѷɫһģù˵ڷǽĳԻҲ֪ǲڳڸ޵Եʡ
ЩӹǳȣҰ֮ó̫࣬³ڹȣȡֻ߳׽ӡŮūɴҳɴƬƳűڣ͸⣬͸磬׽ó档
ΪҪܽ泵ڶ滻ɴڣѷɴȫùˡ
˵ҲҪǧ
ںʱҲݣɴ»ûԹġ뵽Ӫͷ֪ʲôˣƫƫuְæƬ빫ɴûǺɴãлƵǲǸۣһ㲻ҪҪɼ㣿
ң³֮ӪƾԷu㵱ʱ͸ó
uԹϴֶá
Ҳüͷ壬ԽԽʣ빨ŮߣʲôȤ
uŮȤľ³ңʵҲ
ӪЦôھԼһɹܷˣֻҪݵݼʹޣŮӡĹ³ҲôһպԳ³ˣ
׵Ȱϣ
ӪʱˣȻͰϣһѾٿڵļơ
ͯԥ˿˷Ӫһۣȥˡ
׾ãӪװ𴲻򲻳ԷȰƢʱӡ
ŮӶļңʡ
uŮӶܸȤ
Ͳ֪Լҵ£ѹûʳ
uҡͷǳʱ¡
ʱ̨°նİգյʱжк˵κְֹЩںδ
üѵ£ң
׵ȻҪ£ҵġֻǡȥֻĻҲֻһҶѡɷuûʲô
uҸȢ㣬Ȣ˹պҵҪôƺһתͷԷ֣󡣡
ᷳһѣʱȢ˽ȻҲδɣȴȢˡнڣȢһӣԷǻǸ
ӪȢҪȢģȢ֮Ҫ˵
u׵ɫɫ㲻ȢòҪȢٴȥ⡣
üôôˣ
uЦڵ˿ʮˡԥһ£ҹŮӣʯ˭ڽʯ֮Ͽ֣ײġ
ͷ׽һװŲķӪҲ˶䡣
׵ָշˣ
uͷеıҴū󣬱ŮӴ£ȴѾ֪ūɱշˣ֮ȴδȥ֪ӡ
ǴҪȥ˵Ҳûá׵
ô¡Ӫ̲ס˿ڣŮʹ֪ĸ⣬Իȥ̽һġȥ˵ˣΪϢŭ˵ͷūȻڿǲܵģô֪أôȷأ
Լûгĺӣļǰ澣ֻȥu
uͷʮ겻飬֪ǲҵҴٴĻҵɼУԪ
ӪҲҪľˣѵѴҲǺˣӺ޸Ϊȴһĸ͸ǺεȵĴ治ֱ˼
üuһȰ治Ȣվȥ˴װɣ˵񣬲롣
ΪһССŮӼǺ޾˱ᣬȥ
ȥӪһ²һ¡ȻŮ죬ǽֲرϲͲҪˡ
u˿ʱϲء
ѾҲͷˣǰ˵;ǵߵģ̱ӵ׼ˣûҩûҽε£ӲԼˡ
ʳ˲ˣ⡢ɱжٳԶ١
̫ȣʳŲףʳ׻ıɵʶʲȥÿֻǿԼһڶԲ¡̫ӲˣȻҲκͻζһֱˮݺ֬ɺɫΪѾճ̿ˡ
ÿնһЩ۽ѵõʳѾﵽÿⲾͻˣⲾĵزˡ
Ѿˡ
ʱϣֱת򽪹ȻڣҪǱԷʱҲᳶһ뽪ڣҪԵġ
ζӡ
̫СƽʱǺͽȡһչֻһˣûʲôо
֪òýסϣڸʧȥԼĸ̡̫ٸֵĵʱ϶ֻʧڼ䳤еһţһˡ
俴һתͷɫ§סҪѹ
ϣ˵
ƽ˵ҲǲˣҵҵĵܵܡãҶǵˡڼеǻ֮ȥľſ־뼢ԶһԶΪԶ£ı˻ʱһˣڲݴԼ䡢عУһɽϣŵñסͷȥ
ֱֻסǲһˣҼǵá
Զ䲻ʵģ䵽˵ϡ
ԶԶĿǾ޴Σſ˵Ҵȥ档
˵㶯ˡ̽ͷȥڲԶΣ
СŹѾǻˣȻһܿ컹ǻƽʱѾûˡ
߹ָŽ˵һȥɡ
˵ûи˵Ļᣬתȣȥһϣ㱧ס
ȺϲΪܵÿ졣ߴһ滹Ầ£Ծͱ𽪵Ҫ³߹Ĺⲣȥ߽ȡɹȥͣ£Խ˵Ҫ㣬ʹ򡣡ץסȵ֣ڽıһ£
ȲҴ򣬾㱻ץסҲҴ򽪵סһ£æס³˵ˣˣˡ
Ž뽪ԶˣֻɨһۣͶԳ̽ͷĽЦĳˡ
˵ɡЦ
ˣյؾʹˡ䲻ţűߣԹⲹ˹֡ⲶҲܿЦһ¡
ʽʲôأ
˵˵κ°ɣ˵κ˸ŮǸŮӺСͼ޹ȥˣûдһŮ𣿡
Ҳû뵽ô棬ΪֺŮˣ޷ƯĲƥΣĸ׼Ϊ˻ǮˣЩȫòţֻҪѷƤӣ֪Ĺڵ¡µɹ˵ˡ
˵ҲֻΪ֪£ûʲôܣҲ֪Ļֻܹܰ龿ڽϲƯͣϲ¡ϲ˵
ڣֲѾһŵӡ
ɹƫԶǲë֮أ˲ǲֵأΪƶ񤣬ݲʲôҲֲ
³ڣʱڣ³ɹĹϵܲΪԸɹȥ
³ڵһ֣Ϊ֣ܶ࣬ɹʱ֣ȥ֣ɹҪϷ³
ȢĶڵĽ֮У³κԡ
ǹⲻǷu˵˵ϳɾ
ʹŴǰ̨Լȥ̴ò֮ȥȥȹ½Ŵ˽ūܵҲ˿ö̴ͶãȹΪһŮͲٹܹУֻڽŮ
uֻ°ӶڳϳӱˣΪԼһŮ
ⲵҵãֻ㲻˶θڣŵֻκ󡭡˵򽪼
֣ƺϲŮŮԽԽãԽԽáһ㹻ˡ
˿̲׽Ԫ˿ԭ
ߺ󣬷uеˣùˣ̽ͷȥýٵһյơ
ȷuô⣬ЦһΪռˡ
uϳһ۽ǣȥмµôһղ
Ѿ˯ˣ廹ûָҲ˯ˡ뽪ڽ춼һ죬ʱҲڳϴ
ͭȥоյֻųСӣͭǲյ
uһۣơ
һأҲǾǵɶ˻𡣡
uһ£ʣֽ빫˵ʲô£ǱȲϣùǸɤ˵£ٿҲʤ˻
Ц˵ʷuպΪ³𣿡
uƬ̣Ҫ󹫼ŮֻҪ³ٹƸˡԪδ³зϾ³λ£û֪
ⲻ˵ԪûȢֻҪĺôܸ࣬ŮġӽԪ˿̵ĴȢкôǱȨвȻǱвȣ𲻴ΧŵǶˣ˵ȫ
Ĭһ£ʣҿԸΪ󣿡
uҲĬˣβ³һ֣ǡ˵Ϊպ³ǽ˿
ǵ֣֮ŮһѾȥ󣬱ȶŮҪõöࡣ
Ԫذþһ෢ζ
ūﴭɫҰף亹ղŽԪ˿ϵĸȥˡ
Ԫιһҩΰ⼸նû˵п뿪£˻ȥʲô
ū˼£ססһʹƽȣ˵룬ҪȥԸ롣
ԪǲţֻƾˣܰѽĶӸϳң
ūнڡ
Ԫ㲻Ǹ˵˵ΰԽ䲢𣿡
ū˵ֵܡһ˺ѰϮҧססʹУʹ˵ڽңֹΰҲҪֶˡѡΰ
Ԫ³һʣҪڽң뽯ΰභʲô취ںĲҪġ
ū۾һϢҧҧ̫Ը˵绹ŮŮ˿뽯ͬĸ
Ԫ¶ЦĨȥūϸο֪뽯϶պͷΣ
ūʹҲĴЦǶ˿ʹҲܺЦȪˣ


30 
Ҳŵôģ볤ǰԾȻżСȥңΪʲô
£ףĿŽ롣
˼Ȼһ˦ôˣߺߵ£ţ䡣
䲻̬ȣӣ˵㸸Ѿ쵽ˣ֮ǰ뿪ң
½벻ˣһƷǰվ
ڷ죬˽ŵĽһĻϽ˳ȥ
ָŽŭСˣҸȥҳţҸ˼𣿣
俴Ǻƽ˵һ仰Ҹʮʱ䡣ʱ䵽㲻ߣҾ˰㶪ȥ
ŭڣ嵽˽˵һͿﵽ̿Ľ޾ˣϣŮ˿
ĸףá
һȢӣһԽáʱСϽţСϵĸǰĸĸף˵ûзֱ𣬶С϶ԴµĺҲѳСԼֻһŮǽ˿
ϿŭԽ˿ȥƥӣһ¡
˿Ů뿪ý£ȥ·Ը㣿ôĻˣ
ͰѽżС뿪ҵ¸ϣ˵ͷỨճȭͷҵȵ͵ҲŲǵأ
˵ΪҲżϾȻƽ
㲻ĻȴšѸʱôƽǽҪϳҲһˡٺãȥʱɲɡ
ǻԼĶ䣬ĸ˵ߣ
ϵͷֻ˵һ仰ԼҶˡ
ȫܵ£뵱Ȼ֪ΪΪԼˮֲǡ
ΪұԼҺõȥϴʱ¶ЦȴǳЦ뷢ڳЦңС̽ʣĸף޸𣿡
ʣɵĺӣޣô㸸ףѽеߣǰĴֻŽͷȰĸţ˵㰡ֻõһ棬û̵һ𣿡
벻Ҳٷȥֻͣ˵㸸ףǾĻȥɡ޶ֵпΪõģҲԴߡ
֪ԼǿġֻǽĶӣȴǽֵܣϽıĶ࣬ڽңҲ˵ԼĻȽĹã˵򵥵ģﶼ֪
룬˵ĸףøһ߰ɣ
ԴǸµСӣ˵Ҫˣô뿪ң
˿һŮ澣ŲƥΣйˮʱ˽
뽯˿ﲻͬĸĸ֣֮ŮĸĶÿµʳ붼ɹΪ˴ͨ³ɹĹٵϽ磬Ů
ù֮ŮȴӲλʹϧŮգֻ½
ĸʮФƣȣ衣
Ͻ뽯˿һͬ
˿վˮǰ﹭Žż⣬ˮ鿻裬ֹ²ϯϣ֣У紩󻨼ĺʤա
˿վֱһ߹ȥ
㺹죬˿ȻһЦ㡣
˿ЦҶˡ
ɬĴͷһ
˿ŮϲƥҿЩʺ㣬ȫȹӰɡ
￴Ů˿էҲ̫ˡȫȹӣ
˿ͷŮ£ֻʣǽ˺Ž˵ǾҪˡ
︧ϥϵ˿֣صĵͷ㣬ףǵʹֹֻӲΪףҲģ
ԡ˿˵ùһ
𽯽ŮӲɵðֽһ
ȻΪһԾѹһֱ׳ĸĿڻصΪ˽ңЩŮҲ᲻ϧϧһСǾһŽңԸΪ׳ǵǻۡ
ϣ˿ϡ
ҹ£ϱȰ쿴ƣö࣬ҲϵĶࡣ
˿֪Ȼĸ׿ܣĸǰŸ׵ģǰˣȴĸ֧
˿֣ǰϼȻʹޡһ˿ǸĿŽ˿
ô㸸ף治֪ǶԻǴ˵
˿ϵĵڶӣһǸкһһ纮زˡ˿ʱѾʮˣʱͽ綼ܽţβԣԾο
˿ģúͽһģһ
һŮӣͷֱ죬ӣɳ䣬Ůӡ
ֻԲŮҲΪ˿
˿òϾĸߣʱ뽯ϷԣҪޣΰж
ʮֽؾ˿׵ӣҽŮӣǷӿ䣡뽯ִ˿Եܳô죿˿֣ѵһὫϳȥ𣿡
˿Ϊ˸жѣȴӴ˶Խġ
ΪֶԽ˵ĺҲūͣԼĺӶҪѱˣ
Ҫ𣿡ϸɬʡ
˿ᶨĵͷڵһˣһα˳Цòͷľκ˿ҪñӸãõΪ
ϳĬΣôأ㸸׵ĴѾѴӵһһжˣһױԻˡ
ʵϣΪŮΪɫԵķŮˡΪ˰ɫսƷ˿ýǮȨƻȡģԼĽ
˿֪СūϿԿϲϧСǡΪգΪɣòգҽͼ۸ӼпܻӻΪսң񽯽һֻǽûºӣºӣ
ϵĶˣʣء
˿ϵ飬˵Ǽ㣬˵ľȻƽ˵ཫ֮빬ܾɱҡ
ϰһס죬ѿںſƾϣű޵
˿ľȻ¶һ˿ݣϥԣӵס㲻ҪģŮŮ֤һúûţ
ס޺ŵˣҲ𣿣ô֪ùڽǰûзҪúûأ
˿ﶶ촽϶ţϱҵĿУᶨĵͷģһúûţ
ˮ𣿡վڳִǰ߾ͷԿһǳɫĹؽӵĵط
u˵ǣǽԽɽʱֳһˮ
쵽𣿡תͷǵõ꽪ԪɳǵˮˮܽˡֻҪˮҲͿ쵽³ֳˡ
ˡu˵
ǵʳж㡣ɽɽˮˮεһҲóԣΪǶǰնɼغ󶪽ˮȵúܡ
һ쿴ʱһ£ʷuΪʲôųԣu˵ֻг㡣ЮһֻҶһƳϸ⡣ֻôԣųԾֻըųԣǺóԣֻͲ׵ãԱ˳Գ㶼һ󣬾Աѡ
ѵõ㣬ȴֻôһűӳ飬ͶƸ˽䡣
伸Ѿȫˣ뽹̶ϼСµ·֮󣬾Ҳϻصš
ȻȴǳĬҵĸԽԽˡ
ȴȥȺͽһ·֮󣬽Ⱥͽڸ֮ǰǹ޵ѾʧˣȻǰСãȴŷ
ܵˣΪ£ȥʱһҪϽеһȻ֪ôģȴҲеĲصɱ
ûаѹ֮Ĳ²߽뽪ڡ˵ˣҲֻǺ£޲Ҳûи߽潪Ԫ˵һЩĿܻеĶĻǻ
ֻܸ俿һȡů
øӳĬÿն̴򶷣ˤһϡƺϵ̵Լϣ·ֻҪùǿܹɱ̿ͣϾͲ
𣿡żԥָǰĲ
uǡùһĻЦѧ£͹ūΣ
뽪ڶŵ̧ͷ
ַڽȵĸ첲ϣǷģתͷuǻʲôҿɲҪһū
uҪʲôū£㣿֬ᷢ裿
Ҫ˵ͻȻڷu˵ĳҲһūԸڹ
ūϵѾˣ³Ƿɫģ˰̺ϣȻ·ʱж糣ʱͻԵҽŻһЩӼǺ޷ɣ
սԪʹΰ뽯º󣬾û𽯼ˡūҲֵðѽ׵Ժֻÿ㽪Ԫ˵һ˵³¡
Խ³ԪƺԽšū·ũˣԪʿˣͻڳﲻˡ
ǡӪ˵벻ͬǵȻϣԪܶʿ̸ֻཻЦ䣬ҲҪ͡ȡ
Ǽκ󣬷ӪǾ;ˡ
ǲǴӵĸڿտգ˿
Զ׼
ӪҲôģסͷ˵ѵҪȥҸɣҲ˵ֽѧüֻ˵᲻ᱻԪǺްɡ
˾Ͳü˭Ҳû˵³Ÿ߰˶Ȼ޲ţ֪׾Ҳǻ¡ԺֻҪ²̨Ϳˣ
ô鲻죬һׯʱмʿ˴̸ЦϷȻ˵Ԫȥˣ뼸λ곩̸мʫ
ӪԺ󵱼裬ܣ
ԪصڣūЦҪΪ׽ǡ
ūЦǶʫʣǽϲԼ͵͵鷿дʫʣдյҶˣʱҲİ
ԪЦ


31 Ұ
ֳеЩ֣ϼ죬ܻڲϢʱͣȻȺһСе棬ýȥǽԪһЩںȲ衢٣г衣
Χܶ˶һ֮ĿȺˣҪ¶ˡ
תһˣԪơ￪ʼһֱֳǣһطۣȵֳǼλʱԪͲһʺţֱӰǸλߵĽʵͬһˡ
ͦġԽ˵
ü˵𣿡
һ룬ָǽԪʫ˵ʵһ䶼ûʹҡͷᡣ
佹˵ÿ춼ڸ빫ѧ
ֶֻѡŸոäѧԪʫʣҲǴѧˮƽˣȥǶעһЩĵطȽϺã³ĿǰֲҵûȫԼ׻᲻޸ԪȵȣЩü޵⡣
ȻΪǺҪȷuʱȥҷuϣuʫuؾʱѧʫ𣿡
롣Ľʲôΰ˻Ѿкüûȥˡ
uûлһ£һЩʱϷ֮ûȥԸ
Ҫʫʱ𣿡ӦΪʲô
u⣬Ժգ˵Խ࣬˲Խࡣһϻۣôأ
Ĭˡ
uںܾ֮ǰѹᱻ¡ԪΪʲôŮԭЩ쿴uġ׷󡱺Ҳһ롣ʣһ룬ҪԪˡΪʲôҪٺӣǲûȵȡ
Щܸu˵ֻԼ롣
Ҳֻܾ³뽪Ԫ£ϣܴҳһ·Ĵʵ١
ϵΣȴΪ
uֻжһЩ׷ߣܴѡˡ
ż죬uȰġ⡱˵Щʫʴδ¶ǰصġܾһ塣
ϴҶ˯ڽϣ˵ԺҪֳʫأҵʱǰܻ۶һ̲ɢҲΪһҲϴ۵㡣ԽߣˤԽۡ
һ˵ѧҲѧպʫ㡣
Цһ£˵𽯼Һͽ
ӷuƺŮӼ޸Ŀ󡣵ΪҲпܣΪλ˼޸ΧѾû˿Լˡ
кܶཪu˵Ķº󽪼ΪԺһʵ̫ңԶˣҲ񲻳ŮĹ֮ŮʲôֳԽԽҲԼ֪Ԫ³ĹӣҸ˵֪Ժ󣬶ԿɱϵĽԪѾ޲ˡ
³
ǻΪϱġԶһҲԪĳ֪Ǹɱ־ڳϣ˵ūǸϹһֻ۾ڸнˡ
սϵĽԺһɱɱ
һֱ˯ǰԺתŽŮ޸Ԫı仯ûа취Ӱ£ֻܾܻΪŮУԼȺͽڡ
Ͻ֡
ͽ
һ죬uȰҲʫȥ
ֻ質һ䡣
ˡ˵ҳҰҲû˻ڴҲѧڡ
uôʹˣǲǷҰֻ֪ǹͱ˾̾һ棬ΪɫΪѧ߽С
˵òͨΨһֵóƵľһ˫۾뽪Ԫú
uŽټһֱ̫ѩ׵ļЩǰһ
ֻ빨ˡuֱ׵˵׷Ϊ˼ⲵĺʤġ
һ㣬ҲоˡuʱǹҪѹⲸѹ棬ùš
׷Խ࣬õҲԽࡣuôġȻ̫ȵ۵๫Уֻ볯Ĺȵۻʺĳƽ³
ɴ۾ƽǵĸȵۻʺô޸
һܽΪʲôЩ˻ôƳ罪Ԫ
ʵʲôõ£ܶԵĳƽ˵ǶȢ˳ƽ֮͸ǵĽʡ
Ȼ˵ˣuͼ˵ȥ
ȵǸƵĻʵۣĻ֮ιں󹬡ʱһŮգּ϶ûУĸ֪ںδȴǡȵ۱ԵߵûʺڲˣʺһŮǳƽ
ʺӣҲû¶ӡڹɱеķˣ󣬹оȻȫǹûйӣ
ȵ۳谮գ»ķϣΪȶãȵ۾Ͱѹȫ޸˼˵Ѿ޵Ĺȵ۴ӷҽӳټ޵ġ
˵ʱλǱշżһ˼ҡȵ۴˾۰uֻǵʱŮȻӻعУǲ
ˡΪʱȵ۵ĻƾٶʲпûмλȢ˳ƽΪȢ˳ƽܲΪλܵϵġ˳°ܽ
ѵʱû˵𣿡֪ȷʵû˵Ǿ̫˼飬ܲǽյԭ򣬴
uʱҲΪǴαҲһֱڵʥּαλ֪ܲȴǿյһǴ³ǲⳤƽ
ֻ˵ڡuȵ¡һӣ̫꣬ӣȵۼݱ̫Ӽλǵ񣬵ӭȢκΪʺһӣݱӱΪ̫ӣɳ
ա
Ƶýһ²⣬ǡ
uǳշ
ܵô˻ںлôڻҪ̫ӣŮ˲棬ĽرǶԱȳƽ֪ȵۻʺڵ֪Ǹʲô顣
ЩϣҸȾͲܻޡжжﻹһʵڻ
ʫУΪʫʵ˼ÿһ˵һԥ˺ܾãuѧٺա
uȰʫʣССٺС
Ȼģĳϸ̵
һʼuֱӵңſٸҪôַֻ϶֪òĸĸu۾ֻҪ֣ʱ䣬ڡÿڵλãȻǸ͵ĽģĨȵȶ
ˡuƽ˵δ䣬ֻûüѾȡݡ׼ϡ
ңҪҡ
äĻЧܻɡ
uЦǰѧòäҲ֪äΪ³󡣡
󣿡
ǰu˵ѧѧôһʼ͵˭Ըⱻ˵޴أһǴţϴ֡ѧʱҪôһ˭Ҳ֪ɽȥѧôҲҪôä̸аӵ죬ͿˣһϰܵͿһš
ǻͦࡣ
ˡu΢ЦŻһ壬нҪȥֱžһֱϾһƬ졣
ѧǱä֮⣬յǱȽϼ򵥣ûпǧ顣
ѧҪúÿѿuԱ٩٩̸ҪֱͦգҪ̫ҪɵģȥʱҪѹסӺ۽ǣҲҪá
ϣסu˵û꣬ʾ⽪䣺ߡ
ԥһ£С
һu׷ЦûѧͰһˣ
ڽ仳ִڽֵϣ˵ⲻúܺ𣿡ͷԽһЦҲ͸Ц⡣
ѵɣýһƬĻҰܡһ·ľǻҰЩطóԭأҲӲݡ
ʷuôĵأû˿𣿡
uһ£û뵽⣬⸽ûдׯȻҲ˿ѡ
·ϣҿһЩǰض˲ݣЩӶȥˣ
uûлش𣬺ܾö˵õΪǲʱ˵ˡ
u˦¿ձޣܵÿЩ
ֻýϽϡǺܿԽеĶ飬ܵǰ棬鶼ˡ
ȥ
֪˶ãϵƲƵǵͷס̫ˬķ紵ݱһƬƬȥ
uǰͣ£ӱָǰ¶εĳǳأǷǣǻֳǵһǣӷǳȥͿֱֳˡ
Ҳͣ£ſ֣ͷݡ
򷮳ǡ
u˵ÿ궼Ҫ޲ǽ·ȵȣÿһǳض
תͷ
Ȼ֪·ϵĴׯô᲻ˣ֪Щôġu˵ҪôˣҪôǱץˡ
һЩǻ֪ϧתͷԽЦ˵ǽ˷Ǻ󣬾ͲٿЩˡ
ֽѾñǵˡ


32 ΰŮ
³
ڴ˳פصǽΰ֮ӣʢѾ˵˽뱻ϳҵϢӭӽΰʱ˷ֱܵŹ⡣
ӣΰʢԽĹľֱ¹򣬶ʱ۳Ѫ˸ͳʢȥ̸ʢư
һֻľƵĵʺйڲݵϡ
ʢұ⣬̹£ͶĹľȣʹ˺ܶ嵤Ҳǲסǹɸζ
˸Ȱ
ӪԷ˵ˡ
׵ǰŰѽĶӸϳȥԼĶӸ˵ʲô
ϿԶӭĶ飬ųںһȥ
̽ͷѾԶˡ
˵ԽԽˣͽڶܸˣĶбµˣڽͽˣ
ſڳſڣͣĺǣǣѾסˣÿֻҪ˳ǳؾͲؿиɱˮˡ
ȻֻôҺ󿪵ˮͨϪˮһûûζڳǳиϿԺȣҲǲ֪˲⣬øֻݲڴʱѾеƷˣرũҵֲֶټֲﶼģЩֻڱƷ뿪ҲԲˡһǳؾһСҰݵˮȫʲôһժ£ɫСǵ㣬Ʈɫһֵζ
֮⣬ԳԲ뵽һǳԵ̲סˡ
סԵȥãȻߣ
ǹ͵ģȻ˹һ򣬴Сз촦иСڿɾš˲ʱ⣬ʱѧˣסһƨɡ
ǽԹ£ȰͱڻȻԶķǿһٿȻˮˡ
ǻ𣿡ʽڣŤͷ
˵ûˡ
Ҫҽڣһ۽ŵӵİ¡
һȫ⣬װǵĴҳһǸһǣԼŰɡ
æѴץϣתٿ
żֻżὪΪộѧؽȺͽڡ˵Сӻ׽ĸķ𣿽Ⱥͽһֱչ˯ŻԶһ͸ϽֵġһҲʲô顣ɽûи飬ƺҲ̫ϲϲߡʳĹⲣ¹ⲴӲҲԹⲲֺùⲡ
ûӴСӣҲûӵĽ֪ζ彪𣿻Ըˣ
ڵʱûע⣬ʱǸͨСе㰮֣úóԷúܿ죬Խȫӡ֪ǲΪϲˣŶԽȫ𱸡СӾҪ˵Ľ̵Ż°ɡ
裬ת㽪
ץڳң˵ĻнСͻȻ̧ͷָ棺䣡
ˡ
һ·СܣصǰʱͷǺ米ϵ·ʪˣ⿪½ӣ¶ಲ´䣬ִڶкܳû벽еЩ׳ʿǴ඼硣еִ˰ѳΧϣǰЩִŸѡ
ɹɫڵöð͹⡣
ǰǽΰĶӡѧһʱ³ԣˣȻҲǲ˵ǶԽĹײ̧ס
ʢ·ֻһӣЬӣڵϣ˰Ѽܹ׵ĸӵʱ˫ϥһ״ۣҧųסˡ
ΰվŽڽʢıϣߣ
ʢҧѪˣӢ꣡ңһ̧ͬ׵ĽжӦ͵׳գ
Ԫĳں󷽣ʱҲֻǰ潯̧׵Ĳǰߡ
ūΪϵ˿ڣ⼸նʿ˵ĳñӣôһ磬һ湫ӡԽԪӲóڵԵһȡ
ԪͷӦˡ
ǶԽԪĳΪףȫͣڵĿͽĹľǡſвʿˣ˵ʢǸģʱҲ̾Ǿõǧżѻ
һȾ͵ȵ磬ðѸɱˡ
û뵽ҾȻڷǡǽΰĳӡ
Խ˵ûպ󽯱λΰ֮ڷǣǾ񹨼һϵ룬ϵڵطأศɡڽĲʱ򣬽ҿҪˡ
Ӧͣԡ
ʵҲҸ˼·˵Ž䲻ͣ˵һᶮģΰĻѽŮͽԼûŮ𣿡ӷuһθҵ;и⡣ʲô˻ôһأΰ־ڽңŮ޳ȥɴڼﲻ޶ԣ޸³ⲻǸ˵˷ʱ
仹Գ⣺Ҳ֪ȷ빫
ҡͷԼֻܴӷuõϢԺܶʱǾʣ˳ŷuĻ˵ָ֪³¡̾˿ڻһڰ
ʢ󼸺ǲѪգǵ˶ۼڳſڣ˽ʢסΰýϵû֮ء
Ӫĳͣڳ⣬Ѿ˽ΰ⣬ʱһؿڣȴ²ͷһֻз׻ܽܣֲǵһ ô˪Ƶģ
˴ˣͻȻЦˡҡͷЩӣˡڽ󣬷ƺѾվ˶壬ǲٰѽҡΰΰԶϺ·ͳѱвץסĵ
ΪλúҪǰкֳ꣬ǣ˵Ǹʺ֮ءкڣео֣ҲкȵţֳǣΪ˻ǿפǸɹ˿صĺλá
ӽѽʢŵѾ̾˵ؿʮˡ
εķ粨ӪڷǴԣΪнʢҲսˣԽҵ±ӣ˵ΰ뽯Ȩǵʿ˼عɿͼ
콯ΰʢһ֮米ף֮ǰƱһ¸䡣
ý˳˳ˮķӪ˶ЩӦ
ֻзױ˰뱲ӣڻӦãȰӪſػ㲻ǳôȰ𣿽нҵзҵô룬Ѿˣ㻹أֻƾ㣬ͱȽǿ
ӪԲӣָŷ׶
uվ˰죬⶯ǲȥˡתͷ򽪼ĳҲôȥ
ϻͻȻʳǸ⣬һ˿
ΪСҰ
Ǹ˵ǹĴȥ˵ǿϧЩ˸ֵĻڿũˣǴȱǡ
uĶһ¡
뷨̫ˡһŮ˸ǰ˵ô࣬ȻûҪ·Σ׷ߣòʲôĹӣ֪³жٹӻȢ
ӹ³Χ³ҡ
˸֡ǳأĻʲô
øߵĳǽͷʱܽôߵĳǽ̫˼ˡǽʮ׸ߣž޴󣬳лǺӣԿӵȫ᾵ʯ飬ӦǴӸɽںӵ׵ġ
߹ǽʱſԭǽӲ濴Σºխ𣬶иȣǽ˸׻񻬻ݡ
߽źһƬյأĳûоۼȫҴ뿪յغƽȻأóǺʵġ
Ӧսʱбĵطɣ
ߣȫǵͰĲЩﾹȻҲס˵ģһЩĳͣڲǰܾƽסĵطˡǰߣשʯǵķӡ
нԾǳкܴܿһ··ƽӦҲǹӵ·Щƽͨʿˣ·ϣǾߡӦ·治Ϊ˱ƽʱ̫ѹˣŲͨ߰ɡu˵ĳǳػ·ʱ޵ʲô·ڿ޵ľ־ߵ·ɡ
ǵĶ·ϣ·Ե˿ǵĶ񶼳η
ԶԶĿһԱ߱ķӶ߳һصܾ֪ҵˣлؽ䣬͸ǵĳԣ
䲻⣬ģϡ
һ˼ˣû߹˵ӣʳпǽŮӣ
ȴ˵³ԣǵý˵˵ͲҪڣͷҡͷֻ֣ˡ
͵ͷ֡
⼸˾Ͷų˸񣬵ҵɣѾΪŮ׼ˣɿɹʹ
ǵĽʢۡɱȹںķӴˡ˵Ǻݣڽʢۡӳ¾ͳýӶѳڹңֻùҺǮǮڽʢȴó԰ʱĸܣҶһ·Ҷ˵һ仰
ý䲻⽣Ҵ˾̹ȻĽĳҲֱ˸ڣо
Ҹ׼ҲɹһǰǻԣȻȫĵӦûĵֲϵͳѧƣ˵һóֲҰĵģʱӦǴʦˡ
ͥǰԸӱҲֻѰˡӴǰͥȫǰɫʯģԶֱʯһ㡣ǰ棬ǲҰѽϲȣô޴վ
ǰһպðѽƵ㱧ߡȻȥͷôȡҲ½ˣԲС
ݣʮǰ񣬸Ƕѽһ˳ĵøƵġ
µأ֪ǺˣһֱҪ䱧šҲӲȺͽڽڽͷ̧
һ̣ԽŮ벻Ҫκ¶뾡ܷԸ
ԡ
Ŀǰˣ·ûϴ裡ڳˣЩܲסʺζ
Ӧŵܿ׼ԡȥһʯĳӣڣŵ΢ζȪлɽ
ýȺͽҲΪŮ̺ͣ˰ϴͷϴˣȻʹ˳ȥˡ
ȥ󣬽ȺͽڲŸˮѾݽȥˣ̾һӣͽȴȥȻһ͹
ûˣҲˣ˵ʰסһҸϴ
ϴ裬ÿϴ趼ҪһӥץСץס˸ϴҲֵңʱϡֻн򽪱εסԽΪǰԪûʱϴ裬ֻҪһҧˣһϹ¾ͻᱻ䵹ƨɣлؿŵüУϽѽȴ˵ǰүүôġǻ֪жôˡ
Žȥ˸Ͻûϴ衣ȶʮ޲֪ʲôࡢˮⶼôõģ
ιȥһԣ㻬ģϴͷģϴϵģ΢ģĨĻĨͣˮһģˮu͹ⲶϣʹŵζⲸϲÿ컻òͬˮ࣬͸ޣûϴζرûù
ЩϴͷϴЩϴȥȲعܡۣǵùⲺͷu˵׳λãʱµЩ˶ҪӦҸ»ڲİɡ
´ҲҪϲζˣȺͽڶֻõǼϴĨͲˮʱu˵мһ֪
ȺͽڸϽԱߵĲѽͷβǹšһͷߣ綡ӣǲŸðһ㣡侲潪ҲŽܻˡ
ýȺͽȥ·ٶԽ˵Žϴɡ
Ȼվ棬ʷu˵ɡ
uΰŮˡ
ڣΰˡ
Ƿǣǽҵ̣ϾҪֳˣõʱ
˵׵ԼŮ
uһ㶣ô֪
ǡ˵
䡣
ΰŮԸȫƾʹ˵
̫ԡ
ƾʹΪūΪҲԣʡ
ǡu˵


33 ֵ
ԪЩš
һһΣһһδģ
Χ̺ŮͯȻףվһһȴóӱȳһݶȹҡһ
ūһֱߣڣԪûг
ҵȫˣӽΧȫǽҵˡŷҵ˻ĸԸ뿪϶ǽ
Ԫūȥн
ָǽū֪˺󣬽ʮնȦ߲뿪ȽˣȻˡɡȴҲǰڽԪԣˣҲҿūأܶĹһãȻųӡ
ԪŸûע⵽ȥ
ūӦһ̹ȻԽΰͽʢߵ棬ͯ·ʢҵͯҲϼҵһū˼СͰͯˣͯôһ鲼иʲôˣ𣿡
ūͯ˵Ц䣬ͯϵúܣԽʢؿƿŮȴЩū˼䣬˵ˡ
Ӳϲҵȣҹ̹ӣɹӲŲϲءˣ
ܽطģϻؼһһء
СӺһϲˣϻػѽһ˸ˣء
ūҲ˵Լ£ǽҸ輿ǽҹӣֻǲ֪˭ˣͱˣĺãմн
˵˵ЦЦĵ˴⣬ūڳԣҪͻȻһ߳Ю̶ͯ㵽һԡ
ͯС˵г𰡣
ūЦŶͯ˵ɱ
ͯס죬˵һɱ㣡
ūӻͳһݸͯ㣬ȥȥǸվڳԣͷ̶̵ˣ˵ȥء
ͯЦһۣıȥˡ
ū˽Щͯˣڽңȫһģͳֻͯһ̾ȥҽ䡰ܡˡ
ͷ˵ߣȥϴ裬л·гԵġ
˵α½
Ҳͬǽ޵ĵط뽪䱾һԽܣһˣҲǡĶӣ
˵㲻ϣ͸˵Ҳͬȷֻͬſ£ǰһŽ۾ЦſڵĽһ
㣡ץסĸ첲֮յʱն
ҴкܶˣһЩΧҰ֮ˡҲ֮һղȥԱ߾ƹһ;ƣһĻϯضƱ߹͡Աһ˶׵׼ƣ˵̲ȥһ
̵һĹҪֳ¡
Χе˶ţﻢ£ɽ㱻ץסֱҲûжһֻһֱһˣһĳˣգвܾýͺֵٰһ
ΧֵܵԽԽˣҶڴһϷ˽ӵ˽űߡ
ĳĵ
䣬ĳĽ㣡
ǡڴʱһƯɰͯӴȺŲЬͷź裬׾Բཱུġܵǰ˿ͽ䣬ƺˣȻŽ½ǵȥ
˲ˣ˦䣬Ťͷ󲽼ȺˣͯæŸȥ˼Ϸɿɢˡ
վַŭսȭͷŤͷһˡ
͹һھƣ粻żպеǻᣡ
ͷ۽̣ԹԺȾƣҲ֪ǲǶ˵ģ֪⻰ʲô˼һ˲ˡ
ڸ£׼·ֵúܣ࣬ζ࣬Ⱥͽڶ֪ôЩϸӡӶϵģuֻ֪Ǹղŷu˾仰ˣҲʣֻԼ¡
ֿٵĽŲ֪ǽˣֻһŲ̾˿֪ǲԸһ
֮ǰеǨŭΪһֱԵıֳԽԪĳݣǲһģ֮£ʱ̬Ⱥ㡣쵽˽Һǰ¶ıɽһѾипˣǽҪԵһȻԡһ˲ŸŽһ𡣾㽪ȻԽԪһһ⣬Ҳģýȥ
ڿǰ׷ˡ
ҡŤͷԽ亰Ҳ̸Ρ
תһȦǲˣ
һϸͿһæ⿪ˣˣ
ֱȥѾںʳҲŵζˣһϲȥˡ
Ժʹľ⿷ʽĵƵģ̫ӵķˡںԵȸɱóһǧٲʹ̵ľҧӲȥѾһ㷢ˣʾԺͷʲôҲΰ
ҵķˣڵıкü֣С״ͬϳһͨڵһ͸ֿ
˱֮⣬⣬ܴһгɷΣÿӲһ£ϳ⡣
н
£ϵıԲÿ
졣
俴Ŀӣſ죬Юһ̵һر㣡ۣû¾˳źȥˣ
⡣һЦһÿӵıǼ⡣
仹ڻζ׹ʱЦǻɢˡ
⼫㣬м滹ӲӲë磬֪ʲôģ⽴ӦҲĳλʦĴؼˡ
ǰԼܳôһ⣬һⶼûУΪԵ֪ûֳּҲǱ¢ϵģһγ⻹֪Ǻ£ôһ룬һûŹñմȫԹˡ
ǼıһĨ˻ΣһǻǣһֹŻ֥飬㡣
Եһˡ뿪ҵķġ
û⣬ȴϷָˣ벻šȥÿӴ֣²ַſ
˭Ҳ𣿡ʡ
СС׺ݵĵǣȰַſԶϵ벻š
˵Űɡ
ÿһ⣬ܻûԱԻӣͱ򡣽ýȺͽڶ뿪ҪȥܽǵȽʱԼվһߣҲûȥҪ룬ֱӰѶˡ
ȥý£Ҫġ
š˵һֱԼšܱʲôʱ
һֱ˯ſ˯Ÿ˵ض
˵·Ūġ
Ǿ촩·
ͬҹӪȴû˯ΰŮʱҲԱߡΪūΪ澡ӪҡͷΰʲôأתͷʷuŮһھ˵ΰ͵ԼŮ𣿡
uǧȷ
ӪüҲ֣һ˵ΰҪףȻԼŮ
ŮūʲôãֲǶӡӪ벻ͨŮȻΪȡλǸˡ˸ΪūĶҲ١
uҲ˵ͨ᲻Ϊ
ӪһʼҲôɣɽžҡͷҲֻŮοһŵǧŮŮպҲ󡣡ŮͶ
Ԫһ벻ͨūҵмŮ
ūͰָжŮΰһŮŮ˵Ķû覴õģʣµŮ˵ҲգŮÿҲСΰŮͽĶˡֵŮ˳˼ǰֻӣŮǰֻŮżѵıĳӳΰƽŮУҲ࣬Ȣֵģĸ
Ԫΰǲǰɫ
ūȵô֪ƲƲ죬ǰ˵ǽΰĺӣǽءи輿Ȼΰͽ綼пȾָǽΰҪŮˣڿи輿ͽݲ֮˵ľ͸ˡ
ΰŮ࣬Ҽµĺһ붼ġū
ԪЦô֪
ūſں˵ֻнΰŮиЦأ˵һνΰȥŮˣſһ˫ԼЬתͷˣߵһ׹ڴˣЬôٻȥȥһĶӣʢ
ԪЦᶼˣЦ̾˵ҪŮū澣˵ҸòôӦ
ū˵Ҳû°Ҳ˷̣༸Ҳûʲôá
Ԫȴҡҡͷ˵ˡ
Ϩ˵ƣԪڴϱ۾ѷ뽯ҷ˼ò⡣ǱضҪһŮΪģǷңӪ֮ŮǽҵŮ
ѡӪ֮ŮôԺзֿҡӪϹǸǽͷݣ˵ʱͷһɽұ
ҵŮУѡ֮Ůôǽ뱻ϳңŮΪ󣬲ܵ⣬ҲнȥԸΰ
ֵĽԸ˽ΰһܣλ
淭ȥūڵϣͻȻ˵̨ҿ𣿡
裿Ԫûʲô衣
ū˵˵һŮҲһһûء
ԪҲɵ赱һۡ


34 
һͣն̣俪ʼˣ͵͵ʽǲõȥ𣿡
ûҲûбˡЩ˵İɣҲ£ڷ⡣
һ󣬵ڶǼˡҲһһ˵⣬Ȼ䲻̫׾ָʲôҲᵽζ
סڽûʲôã˼֮⡣ӽСͥԺоֻǼ˺ͽ澣һֻеһuˣ֮ûϴγȥҵǽ˽ҵ·ȥ˾ͻǷдܣʲôҪɷԸ
䱻˵һϡͿĻˡ
Уýҵ˰ѽ˵ÿնҪ㽪䣬Ҫ̽ԻҪһյظ䣬ǵͽÿնϰ
ЩҪ󣬽Ҳһһˡ
ӲˣʲôӦˣǽô죿
һ桰ˡϷĽ˵ٶ飬ȺͽڻǻϷľƵһһ࣬ܶ㿪ǹýУΪģҲ˵ˡ
ȥ˵
̵ܷǣ֪Ԫɱϣʱ뵽ȫǲϹһĵطǽԪߡ
ūͯЩȣҼŮô˵ģ
ͯϻشõһ⼸ΧûǱߴĻҿǺòײ׳ܵǰġ㲻Ϳң뵽취ˡ
ūЦšͯšͯһĶ㿪ҼŮӣֻԸǹˡ
ͯƻ˵㲻ȥ˵һŮͻȻˣŵͲ˰ɣ
ūȻҪȥ˵ġ
ͯűߣūȥҽԪ˵ˣʧ߿
Ԫ⼸ûŴӦΰŮ£֮ΰͲٹˣǽʢǰȻҵˣֳֻһ֮ңȴڴ˵أá
ū˵Ů˵Ҫ
ԪӦһ£𽪼ͻȻǰһҶ
ȵ磬Ǳ߲Ŵ˵Ԫ롣̴˹ȥ̶ˡ
ǽڶڽʢĸۡУһֻ󳵲ﶼû谭԰ʻСŶû⣬Լ˫߲ŷ֣ԭʢÿһ·ܿʯƴɵġֻЩ·¶ҪǮôݣҲûڼÿһ·϶ʯ塣
òһ£ɹ˫ţͨټӶʮ䡣
֪
̵ĳǰ˴̣ҲͣҪǵʱ˵ļô·ĳҲػô
˵ڼ黹Ǵ̿ͣһ֣˵ô̹Ȼô
ʱ۶Ҫһá
ԪرĽʱϲȵǣŽϸ㣬ְѽ䣬תͷܵȥɡ
ūŲò֣վڽԪ󣬿ֱ۶ˣҲǰˣֶԽ˵ܵǸԡͳһԲĽɫ򣬽һ˹ȥˣץסŶԽ˵Ҳɡ
һֱקŽ䣬ղ˹ȥʱʹģʱЦЦģֻһ仰Ҳ˵Žȥ
ԪԽЩҲ㣬һҹ֡
֪½䡣˵Ԫڻý뽪á˵𽪱ղվſڡǽʱȻͿˣȴͷŤһ߲ǡ
ĸԶˡ
ϣ֪ܿϧɸϣȴְ˭˭ĸоǲһģֿá
ǣŽ뽪ڵ֣ȥˡ
ƹȾңмλ췢ĺŮ㽪棬ǰǸֵģūȴѲӰ
ȺͽһܵˣҲ岻ֻ֣վһԿ˽һѣ˿ĸڣͻȻۿһȡתվ£װ»ϵĻݣ󽪵ӵĽ㣬㡣
ͷһ͵ǰ
ͷͻȻȻѾкܳʱûͷˡ
㲻ԣ԰ɡЦһ£¶ܳϲʼԼ̫ϿˣϵĺӣҲ׵ĵܵܡ
ѽƻȥڽȺͽԼЩŮϷͷˣһǽԪ£䣬ʲô˵ʲô
ԤϵǽԪҲˣڼʱÿ춼Ŷÿһ̶
ǽΰΪԪûдӦͰءֳǽǰǽԪżˣһϽλҹζ࣬ĸ׽ʾ̨ܱ˶λֻҪһûλ֮ϣһ̲ܷġ
ⲻΪΰŮΪ澣һ˱Ҫ
һߣӪҲżջǼӡu㲻ȥһأͲһ𣿡
u۽Ӫһѿڣȱ˰Ƭ½ǣ壬ȥģͱ˵ˡ
ӪתȦֿʼԹʱûˣҲɽȥˣ
Ҳ˵ʱǷӪuȥ˵Ļ飬ҲٽȥһΣ˵ҪסѾˣ˵Ƿӷһ·ңȻȥ
ʱǷ׶ˣڳЦӪ
˭֪Ӫ⻰ˣڶ쾹Ȼȥҽΰ˵Ҫӡ
ΰк£
ڽ£һҪͷġ
ӪװûΰףվҲվһ£˵ҴˡӪɫûһ£ֱԵһܣԸȢ֮Ů
ΰɴۣͻȻЦӪŮĿѪӪĳݣɴý̵أˣôӪۣ
Ա߻ֻܷ¹ڵϵĽʢȵ̧ͷ
ӪŮӣһˡ
ΰǽûȤˣӻֵʢȥɡ
ʢҪȥ·ͷô˻һͯҸƥԺϽȥҵСͯӽһ¹ڳȥˡ
Ӫһ·ߵñڹ궼ǧڵ˽ԪѾˡ
Ӫһ··͸ˣʢӲܴʢ߰ȦӪӲǸˣûжԽʢ˵һ䲻ģýʢˣʲôСֶҲʹֻðԪ
Ԫ뽪ͽԴһжȻ˽кãҸоȴ
ʢӪƹСţһĻʱ˶סˡ
ǣǹʢϸϣȷʵǹôʹǹ
Ӫȴ֪Ԫˮ뿪ȥԬңס󣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻ˳˵Ů޸Ԫˡڿ˵ġΪԪȻǹֻǹìᴫǴպɽԪŮĺ̳ҡ
ֲҪܡ
ӪȻЩͬ齪Ԫˡ
Ԫ̸ͽȻǹֻһЩ򵥵ĸ֮ȴǰУֻУͰѽͽϵǹìȥһٴˡ
ԪֻᴭͽȴѾˣÿ˵ֱ϶ǲϣֶԼˡ
Ӫһȵģʢȴǰӣ
ӪаЦ⽯ʢǰİԵѧ˸ʮʮֻǸȴһûáͻȻڣܶյĽﶼʢˡ
ԪҲ˿ŭΪӪЦǺǵǹ˻½뽪ƨɣȥ·˿Ц
ʢ֮ǰûˣ֮ǰǲǰһĳҲͨգԸָ̣
Ԫһ£½ʢЦָ̲ң룡
ʢ³ۣಲһìٲǰ
Ԫֳìƺûһ
Ӫʢ·һɱȥһڿڣסЦ⡣Ԫѧ꣬ǽʢزǽԪĶ֡
ȻʢճȥûϰоͱԪìֱ۹ȥ
Ԫʢ£һɨաìֵʢ䣬Ӫǰһ׼ʱΰϵˣ첽彪ԪС
Ӫ϶Ľΰ˵Ӳǽ̵һаʽαؾ̣
ԪҲìƿЦһʱЦܾˡʢ
һ粨ƺΣƲڣԪȥ£ӪûԽΰ˵úÿ졣ʢʱʱ;ˣڽΰϵȻԸı
ȽԪΰȷӪһڣָŷӪ˵ʲ빫סǡҶҲңҲո֡
ӪĺӶҪˣֵܴҪͻȻ۽ʢʽΰָ֪һλӣ
ΰָԱߵĽʢˡ
ӪЦ˵ЦҼǵʢңǴ˵ص֣ң
ΰȻŮżʳѾˡ
Ӫʵգ
ΰڷš
ӪһϢͻȻˣתͷʢѵǸղ⣬ϹʱΪýΰȥɱ
ʢϷӪӵĿ⣬Ϊ⣬תͷȽԪ·һȥԸȢ֮ŮΪޣɽӲģĲģ
Ԫжʱӿϲȴ¶ŭݣΰô󵨣


35 ʢҰ
ԪŭһʲôҲļƣĽʢˣתߡʢųôûӵˣ˵Ԫδ³λûϣ˻ǽţô͸ҡ
תͷһãȻĿ͸ȥ׷ԪҲܰŮȢŮӣպºӣ³˵ͿԸսˡ
ʢʱҾ죬³˵һСʱֹһο󸸽̨³Ƶ˵һ䣬Ȼгû˵ҽҪΣʢȴҹպ󽯼ҵλһգ
ֻǰ룬Ҳ֪һ죬λĲֻǽ룬ΪǽĶӡ
˭֪֮ңͻȻˣͻȻѽϳ˽ңʢ;֪ʲôˣ԰ڽʮҲûеλˣǲ˵粻
֮ǰԪڴ˵أʢҲ֪ʱҸ컻յʱҲҪȽһ׶ϾпܡûнԪǽҾͲٵȣֱĳԪǾٻҪٵȶʮ꣡ýʢôԪô˳ۣ˵Ǹٻ
Ԫǽȥӭģɷңô˵ˣ
˭뵽ԪȻиŮأȻҲǵᣡĸ֮ڿڣҲͽԪıȲܣǽԪպȢһλϹºӣȻŮֻܼҪȢºӣʢЮӼλҲǲܵˣ
ԴԪиŮ֮ЩͷһֱԺ
ýʢԾǣΰ˵˵Ƿա
ʢһ󣬳Բ׼ԼòվڳģǲһֱŲźã
ǽΰһȥصΰá
˶ûߡӪ۾֪ɻ񣬽ΰ۲֪ʲôֻнʢöʵץƵġӪһۣһ˫۾ȥ֪С粻֪ɵȥˡ
ӪԪýŮһһҪ㹻ǶĵĶ󣬲ſϰŮˡ
ֻǲ֪ҹýԪŮ
ӪáھͰѽȥȥٱһѵλ󣬾һƬ̹;ˣ
вݣ˾
һĻϣԪվ侲ū֪սɿɿսѾ֪˶á
ȴӦǡС˵
ԪüӦˡѵܲ죿Ϊ³󣬽ΰͲܽˡһտյλޱ޽޳޹
Ժ򶷵Ľͽ˵Ȼص󣬵ǿŸǼֻмˣҲԪˡ
ֻƾС뽯ҶԿ
ƱҪ򽯼ҵͷġ
ūãȻصֳǣλͼлᣡ
ԪҶʵǡҡͷ̾ǱһüǸС޲òΪȢҶȻɱޣӣиҶ
ūЦֲֹһŮҲֹһáֻ˵Ůû˵һȻعҪ
ԪûýȺͽڳֲͷ޹ȥһӲҸͷǽҷ˲ʱ޷Ӧ԰
ū˵ҲԣȥֳǼλڴӦ£ȼλٰ񣬵ʱԸȺͽڷ⹬ҲƭˡʱǽҲ֣ͼҲü
Ȼ⣬ԪҲ˵ȵڡӪֻøˣߺ󣬽ΰҲŽʢˡ
ȥ󣬽ʢȲʽΰǸŮӵôһ㶼֪ԽԽпܣ޼ɵӰ꣬ԪȻʹЩҲĴ˵ԵʣݿɱʵĽū߶ˣȻв𣬵ϹǺʱֵܣʲôģԪһŮҲҴ
ΰҡͷʢһ㶣еôǣ
ΰʲôʱܾԪؿƿ˭֪Ǵĳģ
ʢϰˣֻһ㣺ǵǲǣӶɱˣ˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ΰ꣬ëģ´ԪиŮҪȢ˼ңľ˵Ҫ֣ϣΰ֪ëȻĻҲԸѵȻɱޣ»ɱǲҲôϡͿģ
ʢͷԹѵ
ΰȢǾȥɡ
ʢԥǡ
ǲǣȢ㴦ã
ʢŷģȻΰȥȥԪǰվڣ̽Ԫ̬һʮ졣
ʢˡֱϰϲĶ˵̺´ЬԷˮԴҩˣ
ͽϰ䣬ڽԪÿ뻥Ϊִʱ棬˾ͶûԡԪҪǻº֣ܹ顣˵Ҳûԡ
죬ͻˡ
ͽϵֺһ㡣ý˵ǣôҲֵܡ֮󣬽Խŭ˲٣ǽһȳһյģҲѲݡ
ڶԴõĶǴìɱʹˡ·ֱۺСϰϲŸͽϺ󣬷ȷʵԼ˵Ļᣬ㱻ìͷһӣ˾ͿܲˣֻһƤ
̿˶̲ס򽪼һЩһʼ̫Ŷ෢ˣæֹѧһ㡣
ЩҲֹÿ˺ۡ
ֻÿն׼ҩˮÿǴ꣬Ҫͽȡһǹˡʱ֪Ϊ˴ûǸ˺ãΪȺͽڶ˽ֻصмˡ
ȥСȭͷðã˵úóԷҪˡ
ӽȺͽվµţһ˿ڡ
˵۾ͷϥǣȻüֵȥˡ
֮ͻȻðֿտȺͽֻŽϷǲģȲľҽȺͽڣҽ²֡û취ȰȺͽ㿪ľֻøıϷýȺͽҽԽ˵ҵͻ䣬ҵĲӮȺͽڲҽӮúܿģ˹ľһٶá
ŲԶĻ԰н˷ܵĽк̾˿ʱõ˺ôܶ࣬ٽͲطƼ޸ʲô˵¡
Ԫ澲֪ǲǱȫưһһԲ˵ʲôʲôȫػҪҪҪ棬Ҫ˿ޣҪΣ̾ͻǲ̸
վڻϣܿͥԺһߵԪͽʢְֺޣϸϡһ䣬ϻؽԪǾر˶̸޲óһ˳ˣֻ˵ʲôȴ
ֻٳ
һһȣʢܿŮӡСɫףǴûɹ̫źɫ¸Էɫӯס⳩պڴϵķ⡣
Ԫע⵽ˣǹѡطģڶĻϿһֵĽĵ꣬ҲܼˣʵĲźã͡
ʢæ񣬰ڳһףڵ˵Ӻʳ㣬Ѿȥˮˣ˼գӾֳ̨Եˡ
ʢֻ֪ƾԼķǲġǽҼٲ˳ֻǽΰ֮ӣԪ֮Ůǲġ
ڽԪڷǽңֳǣͱӦ¡
Ԫֱ࣬ɬҶףûм̨סժ¥
ժ¥̨һ¥ֻ³ססˡʢԪȻýסժ¥ˣ
ԪﶯҡˣٱȥԪֲӦˣСӲˣС븸
Ԫ棬֣Ҫ㸸ҡ岻ʣ빫ˡʧˡ˵ղ棬ݽʢǣĶȥ
ʢڿڣȻ˵ϯɨӣȴñˣ෴˷ܼˣǽˣδ³ܣСˣ³λϣ³˵߳ܰ
ȻԼӸߴˡ
պȻҪҲҪܸһ


36 Ȩ
ԪҪװһ㣬ôܷһأֻˡٳԵ϶ȥͲˡ
ūȻУֻ¸˿װӺʹһ¡˵һ没ˣǾˡ
ԪϧūһȰЩ
ūһơ
ȣ˵ҪԡԡͰˮȵҹˮˣýԪȥһݣͷξ͸ϽҲأҩͺˡ
ȣˮһʱҲܲˡڶ죬ԪͶͷ̵Ĳˡ
֪Ϣʱʢ㽯ΰ緹˵ȥס
ΰ޿޲ɣȻ˵а˳ɰգҾȥһ˰ɡ
ʢҿĺܣպ£Ҫ⡣
ΰʢӷ˵ӶôˣۣҽҪǸԼƵģҲټǱӲԶˡѱ˶ռˣһֲ͵ڰ˶ɳҡýбҪ𣿡
ʢʲôãλ
ΰ֪ţǼ⣬⼸ʮһ˷ⷮǣĲ˵ǰˡ
֮ܡ
ӷˡ
ΰһ۽ʢأҳԷ
ǽʢĳӣѾȥ֣ΰ˼춼ûʹӣ𣬽ʢԣҲϽȥС
һʱˣûͷԣһͽнΰϲһ⺢ӺüĿһ㰵̾˿Ҳȥ
ʢүүͷ
֪ԼĸˣүүµֵȴǸ׵ˣСȴҲ֪ǹϵԼ˵ˣǵĹ۸пպΪΪ͡
ף޷ҵġӲӲĺٺүүٹ¿ͷͲˡ
ʢΪΰнϲͷΰҲû˵ʲôת۾ͰԺֻ˶Žΰʲôʱȥ
ΰżԹ緹ȥˣһȭ·ȥ۽Խΰȥɡ
ΰͷҲŤԽ˵ȥȥ
վ죬ؿڵûˣʣµȫǿ־̻̣ݲʩһ˳ȥܻԼӣһۿԱ֣ϸץؿڣŻһﰡҪˡҪˡ
ʢԼú޲ܽվͳɻ飬һ߽ΰȴһҲżʢżž̲סȢ˴ŮǽҲܡ
ʲôһ죿ΰµ˼ֻû뵽롣˴ϾǷǡΰʢһֳǣȥ˾ͲٹñȻ´
뵽˴תԽʢ˵ԭҶд˺־Ҷˡ
ʢϲϷŹ⣬ȴçײպҪ븸ʱѵǡ
ΰҲһ棬ȻôģҪ֣زǡ԰ջˣȥȡҵ¹
ʢΰȻҪԡ£֣µȥΪףһƬļҲҴˡ
ǡڴʱԪˡ
Ԫòᣬΰ뽯ʢϹȥʱԪյͨ죬촽Ƥ۰׶ˡ
ΰһɲˣҲ˲ϽʢˣϽȥѷӪ
ӪȿΰŸ߹ڣˣ⸱ʲôһԪ没ǼٵģŭڣץסΰҪ򣬡Сˣ³
ʢ˵⼸ƽԪѽ޸ӪҪΰǰסӪ˫壡壡סְ
ӪôһһˣԼЩûվȣǽΰһѡ˦ΰָ֣Žΰı˵һӶǸŪȨСˡ鳼ٻô֣ģһͷȲϣ
ʢ̧ͷһ㶼ûӪ󸸣Ȼۺ⣬ֶԷӪһ񣬡л빫ң֡
ӪЩûٸ̽ΰҲǺģ̾Ϊ֪ɡ
ԪزԷӪͽΰ˵ǸϢ˲ԼְͬϢס͵͵ѰҩԪҽΡ
ΰūֱʣ޵Ҫҳһ٣Ͳ֪ȥˣֻú޺޵ūȻɺޣ
ҩȥԪܿͺתˣǾ㣬Ҳġΰ֪Ϣ̸ӪҲѸٸϵһΧڽԪǰ
ӣ
ӡ
Ԫ۾ˣƣЦһ£ŷ빫뽯ˡ
ΰԪ𣬷Ӫ˵ʲôҪǳ£պȥ˵Ӫ
ΰĬȴжҩ룬Գҩιҩ
⸱̬Ӫ˵ˣֻñտڲԡ
Ԫҩ񣺡ˣСŮף̵СŮ컯
ӪһüԶ˳ȥѵǲýԪ׾ʹӦ޸ʢ
ΰֻţԪ˵Ȼعҽ̵һ̸£Σ
ӵġΰ
Ԫ˵꣬˽ΰ仰ͱ۾һ۾˯ӡΰһͳȥˣԺ󣬽Ԫˣҩ֮˯
ΰصӴӪˡ
롣һЬ¡
ӪͷЩң־ݣͻˡ
ΰҡͷ빫£
Ӫֱ룺ȻӲתǼʱ̣ȥɾ͸ϲϽˡ
ΰٵգˣͿˡ
Ӫ׼Ҳ¾͸ˡ
ԪһҲ֪㻵
˼գǺ¡ΪּuˡֻϢʹ֪ĿģҲһֱϹӺá
uǸŷģƸġڽԪתĵڶ죬Ӫ͹ɵһ¡ܷԼӪһܣڳļƺ󣬻ʰԪס
uҽϢһ֪ԭŶԷ֪һ㡣
ȻסȴʲôҲ֪
֣ҲˡuӪ˵ʢ׵£Ⲷ֪ˣھܽˣҲûиһҲû
ֻǣ룬ظ߽
Ϊ˵ˣֲ޸ʢ޲ߵġҪ͵
ȻûϢu˵仰͸ˣǰ߽ǾͿҪֳ̻ˡ
ô˵ԪҪλ
ԼԽԪ̬ȣλĵλӦֻˮǴߡ鷳ǽȺͽڣнͽ
ֻðǶй顪˵
ǵʱҡŽȺͽڵ֣ǸһʳҲܻǲ۸
Ⱥͽڶ֪ڽԪʲôλʱҲŮ£ԸŽ
˵ѾѧôˣѧЩͷԺЩң
ҲǵĻˣһЩ򵥵ĻҲܲµʲô˼
ץס䣬˵㣬أ
㵱Ȼһ𡣡§ס˵
ͷˣסԼľ档
ʣµľǽͽˡ˵һֱ䣬Ժʿɡ
սеìһֱԼղãĻ͸ˣһղãҪô죿
ԺҪŵˣô죿
죬ȴʲôҲ˵ԼҲ£ûнߣ;ԼҰ֮УԮɲԼˡ
ǻúõġҲҪúõġѽͽַһ𣬡ֵܣУֻһطģʱҪ۸ǣֲܱԼ
˵ͽҲ֪⻰˵ġ
Ȼֵܡ
һֵܵˣ
סֵ֣˶һۣ¶ϤЦݣһȥԣһڻҰε
˵ȥ󣬵ǴҪԵЧҲŶԣ
ľ۽䣬Ҳÿµǣϵ鲻ǷУԥ˽Ļԥ
ϵ˶ȨĳݡһʶֳǶôĸٹ̡


37 ʮٲ°
ȣȡԪڴϣͣĿš
ͽͽſվڣȻƤֻҪԪڣһҲҵƤˣһҲסˡ
ûа취֮󣬲ǿдܵԪפֳɵģԪأĲѰ
ڿԪڴҲеľս
ԪͻȻˣô죿
ʵֲпᡣͿڿŽԪҲû취ֱðѵͱԭͬʱ뷨ҲԼȨ׻ѡϵĳȷŵһߡ
ܶġָԼ
αװأҲǸС˶ѡ
˶ԭ½ԪЩ˸֪罪ȡڡЩ޷Ϊ˽ȥɱһ䡣ܿȫ޽ԪѺ޼ūϣĵΪΪϱֻҪɱūˡ
ֻʼնΪˣԪūķһ֣һָʹߡ׮ıɱûжԹûиӵ飬ֻһǰϺã־¶ѡɱˣرԪĴɱǲظģһζС
ǵĻΪϱ
ʱ˿̣ȴΪҪԪȥչӦȥȴҩιˮ
ٶԼ˵гһաҲûãʱЭѾҲжС
ǷԼҲûô֮󣬽ͻȻԼ侲ľȻˡ
ϸĹĽԪҩսʱǱӡͬʱҲ۲ҽԪÿһˡ
ΰڽӦþǽҵĵˡĿбӣ˶ǶԽԪҲûٸ飬ʰʺǱ湦߹
ͬеһ˵ͶĶˡɨ뽪ڣ֮¶ȻͶҪӽȥڴͻ¶һ˲Цݡ
֪˭ڽΰӡǽʢΰĶӣǵĳ
ʢ˼ȹ¶ǵö࣬ҲԵöࡣҲġ׷ߡ֮һ־ڱصãԹⲲŲٳˣΪһ׷ߣֻ˱᣿
ڽΰʱ򣬷ұһ˻
һͷӦǷӪͷݸݵģȴһڷuӪǸΪļһӪ뽯ΰܺ·֪uͷˡ
Ӫ˵һڽԪߣǳʩһ֮Ҳˡ
ǲôں
ΪӪǷоʵˡڼ漸˺ΪӶʵҲһò
ڶǸ࿴º͵壬ԼѮף룬ͷһ٣һ۴䣬·ɷǡ
òǸܺദˣȿȣٿڣȻֱתˣ
Ⱥͽڿп֮󶼰ͷˣǶ˶ûע⵽˵ߡע⵽ˣˣߺ˿Ⱥͽڣжֹûʧĵطв
ߺ󣬲һ̾˵ˡ˽Ų켫󣬸ͷԸߣһ֪˺ܲǣվߵˣ϶ܱ꣬׸˷ͻܡ
ȡڵûڶһתߣҲȤĴ˼ۣͲᣬתͷȴ¶Ϸ飬һ֪϶֪ʲôܣ¹ǳҪǲġ
ڽԪߣֱʱߣһߣԪˣ۾ûԱֵݹȥٴһ
ףǶڡ˵
ԪۣһϳЦһ£ȥһ¡
ȺͽڸϽȥ㡣
ߵ棬ͽܾ񣬽һۣǸ𣿡
Цǰѣͻأ⼸նû춼ء
ɫÿˣһū֪ܵȥˣ
ūһʱɭɭЦ˵ǵˣ˴ˣ֪ӵȥˡ


38 ս
ūĺģūڳͳȥˡ
ϵǽҲЦҲã
۽ֻǼʣʻúܣҪū֣˵æ
ԭȰūҪ֡Ϊпܴ򲻹ϽпܴӮˣӮҲ䡣Ͳصˡ
нͽţԪƺҲĶˣʱǵ澸ͽȥ˵óԣ⣬Ҳˡ
պ󣬽Ԫɫ˲٣ҲԳˡ
Ȼн˵ӦϢ죬ԼӴߵȥ㣬һҪͽȥˣǻΪһյ³ƴһҲ⣬ϢٳʲôͲˣԪǲϵӣӱͲ
һ£ҲˣʱӦֳƿŶԡ
ϳӲǱŽ˽Ԫĳ½ԪӦúܲӪͽΰԻܻӭ֡ȻԪûԣڽȺͽڵķˣûһʢˣ˵ԪѾϢ˻ߣȻ˵ȻŮ˵Ҳһġ
ƿ˵ġ¶ˡ
ζţŮܣɵĳĳĳĳҲǺܲġ˵Ůϲ˿ޣĳҲԳޣŮӲӳڼªԽԽҫ
в
ⲵ׷󣬾ҲЩţʢһȣֱǺˡ
ôҪôԸ⣬Ҫôпʱ
ʢȻǺߡ
Ͳܸ
Ц꣬Ȼ˿ҾͺҪƥ̴ˡתͷڡ˯ĽԪƳأ̵һЩ˯øȡ
ʢȻҲûЩ˿һһ˿ҲýȺͽȥ˼ƥİѳڸһ㣬ȷӪԪһ˿̵أûϣվڳ⹰ʺһ˦ˡ
ŷƺòڳ漸㲻̫ã뵽ˮƽٿⲻô۵ġ˿
֮ݳһءʷиϲѲ֮˺ϲ˺Ǹֻ̳Ҳã̫˷Ѱɣ
ӷǵֳǵ·еһҲһΪ֮䣬ӦûֱͨĴʲôӵĵͣ˭֪ȫ´ˡ
ԭˮڷϷˮӾͺبڷǵֳǵҪ֮䣬ҪˮӣҪ·ƵԱߵˮǣȡ
ˮգֳǵһϡ
ˮԪЩͨˮʱһֱŴˮӣһҶҶСļĺش㣬ýȥЩǼһ鲼һ㡣
ˮ㲻˳ڱȴǳˡ㶼ú̶ܴࡣڴϳֻܳ㣬ˮصκͽˣһζ
ԪָǰһɽǾֳˡ
ÿˮ߶ֳǣ޲ܲϳɹȥص̨
һֱûūǴʱҲӰԪҲɣԪʵȥˡūȥʲôأ
ūʮ꣬͵ҵĶģһѽҪūΧһתȫǽ緿ĶԱ߻һūŰҪܣٽɱˡ
ū°һҲµĸղſûˣ˵ˣū۷Ź⣬һһذӾڽ븹䡣
ŷūȻҪɱýūתͷܣˣд̿ͣ
ū˵һڽ˵ûн̹㲻ҪŵôҸɴȥɣδ䣬ϵĶذѾ߸߾
뱻ӱסãΪһ̾ڣ
ͣһ˲ȻûŸ۾ūڶ棬Ц
ūŭҪٴ˲٣վŶѡ
ūҪˣǻڽңͲҪôǣΪӡ
벻ϲɣΰң
ūЦҾͰ˴һţǴԽףԽˡ
ū˵ǶǽĶӣǵýĶƣ붼ţô˵ˡ
ڽңҲкô̿ʼ̸
ʲôôūЦܰʲô
룺Ұʲô
˵ʡ
ūýȽΰǿȽʢǿʮ꣬⽯һǽһġ
뵽ٸɡūҳȥ
һüȺ˻£˱óūõ˳ȥ
⣬ūҪ³סնԹһʹ˵֡
ū֣һȥ³ŰܿʧڻҰ䣬ͣ˺һӰ˲˵תͷ䲻ϲūūȴǽֽģ˵ū˵Ž磬ŵǲһẦ˵ġ
ԶԶĿˣūŵתֻصڡ
ƣЦ治ǽ̳ĺöӣһϳԡǰһʹΣ


39 
Ѵӽ⿪ڳϣ˷Ը
ˣǽ⿪͸Ѫˡ
룺źá
ȴ˰Ѱ˿ڵ޴⿪Ѫʱӿ˳ɫ࣬°·ãڳϣڳתȦ
Ѫս͸·ô˰ѳʻؽҡ
ϣо𽯱뱻ڳɱϢ
ɫ࣬˰ѸŴӳȥ˶һ򣡴Ϊֹ
æȰĪˣ֮ǰѪһɱѾֹСҹˣҪˣǽҵˣǾ͸˵ˡ
ŭɶ嵽뷿ڣɫ԰׵춼Ѫǰҿӣһһ˿СԵƽ£
㣿ѽ롣
ҡͷĿ
ʣмˣ
ҡͷкüֺֻһҵĲ֪һ
仹˽⽯룬˾Щɣ˿ü١
ˣҪˡ
ʾͲϿˣһ˯ȥӡֻ˳ٸȥ͹ˡ˻ȥôһ߲ȻҲǸ˼̾ͱߣ͵ϻȪ·
˸ΰ˿ţͶ˵ʱظʰˡ
ΰӵţȻŭȻ˸ɱˣ
ʢҲΪǽĿƣΪ˲ϳң˽ΰĻͰѻ˻ȥתߵ˵СˣףɷŹǣ
ΰΪǶԽҵƣǿˣΪҵˣ
߽䣬ȫǼף
Ľ͵ֳѲΪ˽һǱҹĴֱ̿ͣҸߣҽ֮ӱĴ̿Ͷָ߳㣬δ϶ٴѰ֣ˣһֳǣ
ֳٴνϢʱӪѾ˴
˵ǽ뱻̡uԪͳ˼ȵˣرǿҪֳˣиҶЩɧ֮䣬ŴţϢ㡣
𣿡æʡ
šu˵ͼһмαͨ˸뿴˵ҽߣҽ˵˿СȴУͱˣҪɱϷ˿ڶǳ
˼˭ôסҽ붼Ҫˣɱǰ˽ΰæɣһռɽȻǰ߶Խ˺
أȻԴӡȡƸôһӣ׾ڱȷӪˡ
ӪǸҲˣɱֻΪһţ޹ء
u˶Ĭˡ˻ŵʱ򣬷Ҳ˵ÿһ˶Ҳˡ󣬾ȻҪһֵֹܣ˶У˳ݺ
˭ܱ֤Լ󲻻һգ
ӪĬã²ܷݣϾҪλֳǲС
ҺͽֳǼ˸׳졣
ūаѽ˸ٰʮ顣ɼҲǳǣԲڻسǺ˼ƣ޴
ˣūֻ͵͵˳ǣûϣץס񣬾Ǳܾ͵ظɱȻսˣԪֳǹƶҪ֤ݡȻ˭֪οӣ
ǰǱ̨һΡԺαʬڱڣ䣬ѳʬɱԺʬ̨һƬǽ塣
˿ϧαղصˣ󶼳ʬ˵̨ϿҰѻ²
Щֻǽֳ̾ϢһԪĵ뻢
ӷӪЩû뻢ͷǡ
Ƿ뽯Ҵ뻢ū͵͵ǱѰҡ
Ҳ޹
ĻУڽ鷿ҵġ
֪粻ʲôҲû¡˵ǹ̻䣬ôûнֱأ
˴ȡ˽Ԫ
ˡ
䱳˴Ӱرȫۣˮûϥǡ
һߣǽԪ
ڴĸͣҲ´ñ˱ɽͽûգƽȣ㱳ңȥң
ȿѾԶԥȹУס˵ˣһýȥ·ʪô죿
ڴУΪѵĿ۽ڣȹ˺ǺˮΪö࣡ҺļˮֳأһӾͰ嵹ˣ˲ûӰ
Χ˶´ûע⵽
ڼУˣ˰
ںȣͷһǽڣһ˽ȣ̶Խ˵ȵˣȥ˵žҪӽϻ
æͷһ˵ĺ棬ǿ´ˣб˱´ˣȣȽϰ˵ʹ
ںܸܲһĺһӾ
˵ˮ̫β
ʱԶİߣڽ⿪׼šæ̣ϰ԰˫֡
һʱЩűߵĽˣˮܹæҵĽӹ˫ұĳϰ࣬㽫Ůϰ
ŷԣͷһ˼һͷˮȻˮ
Ǽҽ㡣
̿۽λŮһֱŮΪ㣬Ƽ⣬ְ
Һú伱ϾѾӰˮذֶǵĴڽˮ˺ע⵽ˣܿͰѽ˳ֻѾԣʪѽȱϣҲû
һֱţͽڶ˲ȥܡѽȱϰ̱ȥңֻǻԣȻ΢
հѽͽڱº͸ϽһۣȥȡЩˮ
䵹ڰߣ۵öˣֻǵͷ
ý̱ƥ𿪸ϣȻѽȷýϥǶŽȵθڱûĿڵλá
̺Ŀţǰˮˣ󲻻۾ˣŮһûˡ
俴һ˵ôѽȱһһϥǶסθһȭͷı
źע̧࣬𽪹ȵͷο죬񾭺ܿ³ȥˮȵ˺ѷΡ
ޱҾѵмȿΣʱԹѧʲôҪõʱ򲻻ʹġ
ˮʱ䲻סɽʱҲȥϴ裬ҲˮܾŻǺˮԣ߰ļȣȻҲһ
̶ˣɴ˫ĿؿȣŽǸˮ
סĽؽţǼҽ㡣һ̱ڽȵԣסһֻ˵ǽ룬ҵġ


40 
Χ
Ͻѽȵͷסýȱϳؿ϶ϽԪĳˣҺ÷ҵĳš
仹ûˣһͷɵϡ
ȥɡһѣ·ˣȫ࣬ϳɡ
俴۸ԼϵĲһƥשɫģͽϴļΪƣҲӿϧѲһһӡ
ʲô֣̫ȥЩͽȡҩʳãͽǵϣҲҩ˵;㷺
·תͷ˺һûҪɵˡֻͷϵɾϰϴɾֲȥ𲼣ղŻв۲ĿڵϺûҪǿ鲼ֻû˸ȥ
ܵԣѲڳͷϣͷӹȥһɾ·治𣿿ԪĶû˰ǰڼһϴһҲûôɾ
һڽѾʪ£ڸͷ
С֣ģڷ˶һţˮݾͺˡ
󲿷ֵĳӶѾˡԪˣȻȽȣİŮԺ
Ȼᱻ
uҲ˽ˮ˵һĻЩж⼸ŽԪһˣű˴֮ӵĸ顣ֻǲ֪ݸ黹ܱá
̽ͷȥҴˣ𣿡
uӹչޣ˵˻ͼƬΣȥ
˲Σ
ʱһæýӹȺͽ䶼һ룬ͲƬˣǽˡ
ȺܿͲˣ죬ڳסҪȥˮ߷纮ڳһ˹һ鲼ɡ
콥ҹĻˡ
uɫǰĶѾˣ͵ӪеĳϸߵأԶӰΧһȦڿܹ
ˣȥҺӱдĴһЩ㣬гˮ˳ԵҩҲһЩ
˯ˡ
ߣʱʱȥĶͷġղôһ̣ΪҲˡϵԹޱˣأԹ˭ǲµĽ̫Ļ̫Ľأ
ǸԺ󣬽ȾǴ㣬ΪϺͽڶһ㣬ɵĻࡣʱѾ첻ǱžǱŽֹһΣϣǸϽ彪һҲ⡣
ʱԵĶ࣬ͽкӣܵԶܵɽͷȥҳԵģͱŽǣѼСĶߣϻͣժҰˡժҰȥϪˮؼҡǵõʱյǸʱִҶ˯ڵϣȻ˯ãȻû죬ֽһһ˸ߵĿݲݣҵڻϴɾ̫ʱΪֲǿǮģţԵʲôġյϺܿһѿݲݣֿݲҶ͹ǳϸһڵŸʱͿݻˣ̫ɹϸϸġ
Щݲеͱ˸ͽ˯档
֪רŸͽ׼Сô̵࣬úģһ޻ϡ
ʱ˯šݴֻн뽪˻˯ϡ
𣬽ҡΪֻм˲Żע⵽ϸ΢ĵطȻ󲻱ҪǾ쵽ˡ
Ԫˣʳˣÿ춼ܳԱȴ˼ڶˣӸ͵ľˣ˶͵ϴһءһֱչŴҡ
Žȣﰲˡ
ҲûбԪߣԼȥҽԪӽˮ󣬽ûй뿴
һ˿ڳĽ§ղҽҪԵġ
Ҫ⡣
˵ûУһǰѱһصϣȴûУӹھͲˣùԸɾˡ
ʵҲǻῴɫġӲ
ȶ̫ˣΪô۸Զ֪
ýȺͽڴˡ
ĬĬţлᣬұŮչ˽ֻҪƤ£ҲǶԽá
˷ҷ˵á
˵Լ˵˺ܶ¶ĵ¸طñչ˽ǰһֱýӦøһǸСӣôչ˺鲻ô˳ǰҲû̫ĽɣϡнȺͽչȻ֪Ըôɵģô
ⲻһ˵ĴǻҲнԼΡɾ޷ؽȡмһҲ޷ȣڽǰҪȨҪԭֱȵ춼ѡ
u͸ɱûʲôθڣһһСʣµĶýͽˣܹǰǽȸιڽȲڣھ͸̡
һˣСӲô˰ͻ̫Сˡ
ɽûھͿŴˣƢȥڣڶ£Ҫٴ򣬽ˣִ̰ȥ
žһ
ֱײԱߵӣסҪɿְѿʻȥˣȻǲǽɫ̫ѿˣͷƴݺõı½
˵ȴڽɫ²ҳ
극ͽѹóȥϴ복ԶˣŶԽ˵ǲǶԽ̫ˣ
ӽںˮóСʱû򣿡
ԣϵĺӣǽԪĶӣ˵ҲûʲôôСܴۣ
ɶŽӲǲҿڡ
ҹ΢
uڳϣû˯⡣
ϾҪصֳˣԪҪλˡڹҲԽԽˡ
Դӽȥ󣬽Ҿ͹ƵǽΰڸˮȻҪϽĶǳңֵܷĿҲıҲ·ڽҾԵø֡
رǽΰ
Ȼ󽯱ͻȻ̣ǡþڽΰڻֳǰһʼҲΪǽϷȻǣ˭ô޽磿
̣ܾȴֹˣǺͽһҡ˭ܱ֤Լûĵˣ˭֪˵Ŀֻǽ룿
uұ֤ûĳҡ
ھֳʮиС뱤ݱǧˣһ¥
Ԫ˾ЪϢڴˡ
Ԫ廹ûȫָԵ뱤Ҳû³³ϢĽʢ˵岻ʣڳϢɡ
쵽ֳˣʢҲԽԪ˼־⣬ô˵͵ӰϢĳҹڴӳغκС֮Ҳ˺ӣ
ɽԪȴڣҰ˯ˡһҹȥ鷴ּˡӪʱԪڲͣĿԡ
վҪǣϽ̨𣿡Ӫʡ
Ԫڻعգݰٽ̨ǲŸϲֳ߰³ǣӶ಻ʤֳ˵ڻ˶ԵĽǽԪңҲĲҡΪзӪ˵Ԫ丸ȣʯ
һֱôԪơЦԶ³һ³˳Цָö
Ԫֱۣס⣬£빫ġ
Ӫԥ˵ӣһȾһȾɡ
Ԫһ㶣˲ӿϵĲ⣬Ǳߡ
Ӫ˵ˣͽ˵ȥֵ׳ֳ꣬ϰ䣬Ӣ䲻ͷ׵ÿЩƶЩ̨ߣվԶ˿ֻҪλٰͷһȾ߹ھˡ
Ԫ⼸գʱҲ֪вС
ԪһƬ˲ΣԳ죬ȴܺúõˡ
Ӫ͵ͯȾ£ȻԽ֪ԽãǷӪͯһڳڸԪȾһ˶ûС
߻һ㡣ӪԱָӣҪȾĿһ׷
ͯȾ֣Ⱦ˵Ⱦˣ
Ӫˣ˵ˡ
ԪȴЦһ£ͯ˵ô빫ҲʱȾ𣿡
Ӫ֣ͯ˭֪ͯʵ˵ÿ϶ҪȾء
ԪЦˣԷӪ빫ŭ
ӪͯһۣȾ÷͸Ͻˣ¶ԽԪϢһ£һӸ¡
Ӫߺ󣬽ԪҲ£ֻܿϣĿ
ͻȻ˽۾ԱţȴڱһذͻȻ⵶Ҫɳȥˡ

ۣūڳűߣûҿ̫룬ʵͻȻͱذҲͱ
ôĺӡ
ԪװɸѵӣЦˣֱ
ūſӻͳһɫĶ˫Ԫǰ
Ԫסֶ졣
ūСз̫ͻȻʼȫѲΪͻȻ˴ˡֻҵ
⡭⡭ԪӹһֻԻɽߣ޷ס
Ԫѻһ˵Ͳؾ½ΰػ̻̲ˡ
ֻ֪ںδū
㹻ˡԪȰĸūͷҶ˫պ󵱿Ϊ֮۰򣬹֮


41 
Ӫͽʢһ뽪Ԫ£̧¹ڽվڳǰʵܲǷӪǽʢû˵֪ԪǺ²Ų³˵С𣿻˵³֮ζûУù뱤;ı£¡
Ծվڳǰ뽪Ԫ£ʢû˵һ
һ򿪣Ӫ뽯ʢССһʢûϵǸĴӣȾɺڷ󣬾Ȼһ˿̬֮ΨзӪſԪ˵ȵʱͽɽ¹ʱĵ㣬ƺ˲һ̡
ӪȥͯʣҳڵǸϻӿɻڣ
ͯͷڡ
Ķڣ
ڡͯ˵˯ڳǱϻ˯ģء
Ӫȥһۡ
ͯȥܻأڵģ£û֪ۼҡ
ӪСԴϣ̾Ҳֻ֪ǻû֪ʱҪӵġ
һߣu컹ûʹųˡ
о͸оˣֻͽȡڣ˯ȣԵúu˵ش˼ҳõҩܳ׺󣬽ȾȻĲˡ
ŲȥȵĶͷһ̣ɫϺöˣ㱻ˣȴһ仰Ҳ˵
һҲˣС˵ýȥˡ
Զ䱧Žץš
䣡
ͽһŤͷɽǽƴȥƺǲһֽסͷܵǰӽȥߣһɣϽѽջȥŤŤȥ
˵ˣұҲУýȺú˯ɡ
ҲϢˮ˰죬ô뽪κˡ
أϢ
ǰûɵ˵һˣ˵Ҫȥ׷
ѧûգԼܵһкüЩһ·ԶֳȥɽɽҲֳǺ󣬾·ˡ
ǰһ·󣬻ǿ·Ҳˡſ֣Щô죬˭֪ȻԼ
Լ֪·һ·ϵĽǰܡ֪˶ãͷϵ̫ɹýˣȴͻȻܵøˣϽס֣õ
ʱԶ̳̳Укܶ˶ڳУԸڳ
ܿ˷ĵ˵˾ٽյ򽪱µֶͣӡ
ūһĿһæԶڳһҲܶĽԪ˵Ƕ֣׷ϵˡ
Ԫͷ
ūҪһƥȥʸ򽪱
ʢǰ濴ɵӻġһһϦ֮
磬ū»ȥǵļ˵ģҲΪǸūͶѡڿū֪֮ԲʵĲūһëôˡ
һڵĽԪУһȻַȻ߽ҡ
Ԫһۣû˵ҲҶū
ߵԶˣͲūˣԼܿˣ˭֪ūܿ͸ܽôܿ죬ūɵĸϡ
˶ܵǰͷȥˡ
뿪Ⱥ͵͵ԼϹҵìūΪһͱֵϲԴ򣬽̸ǵĹѧòˣ䲻һìӣʬڴˣҲ֪ɵġ
סìˡ
ūͿһ߲֪ʲôì΢ܿʮɲ˿ٿϧ֮ɫ֪ղû
Ϊûи߽Ϊ֮ǰһɱڣȴɫ糣ڿ⽪ȽгǸ
ܲýվߣֻܴͷˡ
ūԪôҲͽΪֻڲ֪˭ʱµӣ˽˾˽Լ֣ͽҲᱳڽһŮʲôã
ūֻͽ䣬Ȼ֪ýԪˣǾֻ˽ãгȥǡʹһ⣬ԭ뽪֮һϴԼɣҲڽԪһ֡
ֻˡ
ūһԶҲſìЩʧպߵ˻ԽԽ࣬Ҫ
uô·˵ԪѾҪˣǿ϶ϲˡ
ӲϢһ£һ¹ڣʱšȰȽԪ빬󣬿϶ӼˣʱuһȥͷĶѿôûֳǣųֻ̂˵ɵ˫ɡ
uáͷ󺰣ٿһ㣡
ʱܵøˡ
ڳ⳵ߵҪɢܣ˯ˣסؿڣߵöĵ¡
һ㣡ŸϳķҴ˺
˲ҲҲӦͷǹ˵ģ̫ǾҪˡֻҰ֮еӣһŮ죬ʱðǿˣǾˡ
ֻҳʣĽƬýȽһƬ
ʱڳ⺰ѽӹȥܿԺ󣬽ܲˣôͰͻ
ȥӣѽ׽ײһţʱҲˣҲܡ
ƵСʵ̲סƬһŻǣһһ£һͲˡ
Ҫ³ǽֲң˵ǻԺ뽪ƬһҲ᲻£Ϳš
Զ룬ֳ
ֳǸ֡
ǳũˣ춼ϼҴڵˡſڼСʿųñһ£һ𡣸ĹŮʿ˳ǰӵ˲Ŀ
죬Υ̨˹š
ֳס̨˼ܾʧ룬æرռţȴûЩ׼֮ͽ̨һЩ˴̨㻨Žɡȥ
ֳ˲ĴӼг۷׷ףЩӭšģ˶֪ˣе˶ˣ˵й
ʲôĹˣ
ΪʲôҪ̨ӭӹˣ
̨湬ȫ򿪣ӣ쳹ֳ̨ǵ˾Ͷ֪ˡ
顣
³˵ֹشޣ˴Ӽӿʢױӭ³
Ԫ·ʴš
ūԱ̨Ľӡ
Ԫϥϵ̲ס
顣ū˵ʾȫǵ˶ӭ³ӭ
Ԫзʪ⣬
飬ĸһû
ūϲˣ³
ǰԪӵķ򣬡һˡ


42 ʼ̨
ɽ仰Ҳ¡
Ϳֳˣʱҿ쵽ˣٵˡܵǰֳˣu˴˵Ҫٰ졣ٶٰ졣
ڳ϶ԼҪɢˣҪٰ죬̽ͷȥ䡣
һҲһƣ̬
ЪЪ˵
ؽûзԣһԼܵǰͷȥˣǷ뽯Сģ˵սҲܶԼѰȺԼؼҡ
ϳһӾ͵ڳˡ
áȥɺãǿɹһһҹĲϣҪԣⲼ͹㣬Ժ·˷Ѳˡ
ģ˵֧שɫĲ᲻ˣע
ȺöˣȻܵߣղŻˮ˰˼ǰںϴҲϴܾãˣˮһ졣
Ȼ˵ˣ˵һ飺㵱ʱΪʲôҪˮ
ȣҿ䱳ɣˮҲҾȥˡˮ̫ǼɽϵСϪȫͬһȥûվȾֱӱˡ
ô˵
Žȣ˵ΪſվʪʪźСϪһ˼аﴬĴӣ
нµǣûΪԼЩһжʧ󣬶Ϊǡá
£Ժҵġ˵ûʱ䣬ҲûоֱӴԴͷϰɡ
ãȻĿͷ
Ҫܽ˵ʲôԺҪһҪˮȥҵĻС
ԼоڹˮҲԼд鷳㴹ͷȽȥҽʱڿС˵ˮ󣬽
һЩίΪԼ¶øˣҷŴСĿڣΪʲô
˵Ϊ֡
Ȳ֣
ڣΪ˵һýҪھ´
ˣͷԭԺҪҪĻ
Ҳˡ
ȺͽڵĻˣſڽĻ֪뷨⣬ǽȺͽ⡣ľýˮ£һζû𣿵һ£Ϊʲô˵ɽ׸ģơȡǻˣǶˣǼ֮䣬˴˵뷨ҲԨ֮ıˣñ˺Լ뷨һ̫̫ˡ
ģǽ㡣
̧ͷüʲô
ͷ˵ǲֽģǵֽܵܰʲôġ
ģͣеĿҲˡſؿڣôߵĳȻӿ˸Ƿоţһ˯ˡ
ʱ춼ˡ
ڷŵиɱЩкüˣԽԽӲһ۾һҲԣ¶Ѿˡ
˺ҧһһ鿴׾öı԰ɡ
ӹһƬڸ·
ôߣʡ
ڽһƥԼȥٰǰǰܿϵӵǰȥˡuڶǰһ֣ٽָǰ뿴Ǿֳˣ
ֳѾˣ
뿴߸ˣһѱסվϣֻýסͷ磬ԶĳǽԼǽȼŵһ㣬ž޴ĳǽһȦ
ΪֳǽǰӲôҪǰϡuѲӢͦ㣬ȫͷ·ȫǻ˵ġΪ·ʱ̫ȣ¸ˣʱϴһ¡
uЦȵǰٴϾͿˣ˵һ˦ޣǣǰǼˣ
ͽĴ˺׳ʿȫֺ
俴uˣٿһϺͷ϶˻һ⣬ಲͷѽסˡ
Ũζ·ͷ֪ǽҲܲˣ·һͷŭӽ䡣
ƶϣǷ
uЦȻسڰɣܿ͵ˡ
صٰѽҲڳ˽ڣҲعÿ˶ˡ
ֳǾҪˡ˵
ȺͽڶԲֵֻһǳˣ̾ɴ𣬽ûɫԸվ۽ˣɰͰ͵˵⣡⣡
Ⱥͽڽס֣ڴſ־壬ֻܿ򽪼
ʱǿܻȥ֮ǲҪֿڳڷһ£ҳСϻӣȺͽڣҪ³Ǿһһҡ
ٰѽ䣬㱧Ҳҡ
˾ȥǣ֣ץƨɣʱд£Ҫ
ȺͽҲץסĺӣϻؽù취ǹõģ
Ҷ̫ˣҲЩԲѳﻹʣµĸɱһһ飬԰ɡ
ɱóԣɢʳζҲ԰οˡÿһţƺôҶýƽ
ֻнɱο
ڳϣӳǾ޴ֳǣںڰо֮ţǱġӲġӴġġ
ӵĵһѧϰôȥÿһ죬ѧĶƷǰе֪ÿһ춼ˡֹһθоԼСġ΢ġ
ֳǣİᡣý΢΢һҲΣ
ˡ뿪ǸԺѾʧȥһˣˣʲôʱأ
ֳǽҹûҹŴ󿪣Ϊ֮˴ӱĵطϹ̨ӳеĲԼĶ䣬еʹ鱧Ÿλֳܳǡ
ʰ¹ڣǰ̨ݼ³
u˵ĳڽǵ³˿ۣǸĳҲɾĳǡʿ֮ƱʾǷҼһգ㲻ͷˡ˵ӭ³ǷӪ뽯磬н羹Ȼ·ϾˣܵܽΰὯңǰջ̿˺üأ̨֮°գΪף
˳ǣuô˸Ͻطңȥ壬˵ˣ
꣬ʹӷӿٽūŵóо׷߱ܡЩūҵuڷuָ½֮ǰΧܲ͸硣ԭûע⵽˳³˿ʼ۷׷ס
Ǻˣ
ҵĳĪǷӪ֮Ů
ǸŮ
ⷽȥ̨ѵӪ֮ŮҪˣ
uһ򲻶ԣ˰ѳϵ˹ϣ¸ڳȫ˵ˡ
⳵ôڹϣ
ռλ³ĪСӣ
˽ȴԽһ·ٽūͰì⣬ʱ̾ţκ˶Խ׳һ
ܵĻʵڷͬһ㡣
uΧȺĸֲ²⣬ŷ
û³һ빬ǾֻݡŲ⳵ڹ϶һ
ʹɴпΧųȺĿɿڴ
ӵԺ˶ޣһ֡˿ڲࡱӡǺ򷮳ǣϵҲûôࡣӸղŽǵڣĶɽ˺
ˣдб쳤ññͷнñٴŮȹͷϴһ鲻֪ɴʲôĲͷ
Ůף룬ɾ
Χųָָ㣬ƺܿʣu˵ֳ˾ھһദ١
ţĳͻȻʻһǳƽ̹·ϺЩͻȻͲˣҲˡ
ƿ̽ȴȱµ·һʯ·޴ʯ·ͷͷٿɹ˼У㲻һǳʱս;ߵ·
̧ͷȴֻзuһڳǰ˶ˡΧֳֳìʿĿбӣųì߷һ룬ֻìͳͳ棬ɱڡ
һǻġ
³һӿһ۾빬ſڵľͳеٶȣԽ˵Ǽɫ·ҳɡ
һ·ǷuģӦýоףױģȻҲµġ
·ơ
һשɫģԽƣһǺɫͬԽƣ·ͬu˵һʲôɽƣһˮơ˫ЬЬͷ׺Ž顣
òմˮͷϡϡϵĻҲٰͷ˳ٻɫ·
һϻһ׺ĵĴӣҿ˰ΧϡȻš
ûùôôôණ˽⣬аɫģӦ飬ɫģɺ飬ɫģʵϲ
һΧǰ۽˱ѣˣֻ̧ͦͷ
ںͽڽҿŮԪͷͷϸ˳Ȼ˸ӡ
ڲŷ֣ûи׼·

ŽԽ˵һɾģҼǵһ͵һ·ҳϣҲһ
˻·ͼˣΨн䣬Ϊӳֳ˼磬ǰľȫСˣû£Ҳػ˰ɡ
ɾġ˵
Ҳֻȥ·
ͣˡ
̨ĴŽһֱţϡ٣иеһ
uͲˡǰԳС˵ûһ·
ˡȥ
uû뵽·Ļɫ£ϱͷҲϴˣͷ¶һ˫üĿ
uһд񣬵ȥ̨
ð⣺ĽȥԪ


43 ڴˣ
̨ԪеĲһ˵Ŀе̨ɹǰ̨һǡûмڵĹŮûǽεաЦûƮƮĹ䣬ûЦŭ̹ȻĿ㹫ӡ
ֻһںҹеľ޴Ĺ˳ŷƮ
նṬʱе˴඼ˡӪ̨̾߰ҵһգʬ屻˲ڱڣӹϳ·ңŮɢӣ빬Ůǳ˵˰ЩŮ˰ڳϴߣ֪ȥδгкϷûŵľȥ̨һؼҡ
Ӫ̾˿ָǰ˵Ǿ̨
³ϷΪ̨ʵֻһ̨λϣǰǽ̨ǧأҲˮ鿣빬е˶ס
̨лºĴססȴǽºԪ֮ʵʱסڳл
лѾʮˣܹס˵ǱºӪûԥֱӽԪ쵽˽º
º߾ǳлԪ߽ºһתͿһĹפ㡣ӪֻǰǳлػǵðɣսһұͳʱȻһܼ꣬סйˡ
Ԫĵ˵ͷл
Ӫȥ̨ˡ
վڽºǽĿ޺
ԪȻ
ӪǰݳΪһ¹ڰɡ
һ̣ԪǰǸеĴӣ³ڷӪΪԪʱΧĽʢȫԴ
̨Ӫ˺һ˸
ִĽȻǷӪΰˣǽԪߵ̨ǰǽµ³˿޲ߵףɽ


Ԫڴˣ壬ʲôҲߵһжʧˣֻжĺ
³
סȭͷڻеĻΨһܸоĶ
֪˶ãƺֻǼ̵ʱ䣬ӪԱ߹عɡ
ٴλصºԪͻȻǰһиеÿһﶼ˺֣ӳУӳ̵֪ˣˡ
ӪһֱڽԪ󻺲ǰͻȻֽԪߵÿ˵㣬һ֮£ԪѾԽˣߵ˦ɨˡ
УֻзӪͽΰӦ죬̾ǰȥʢһǿΰº󣬲Ŵæ⽣£ȥǰ̲ס̧ͷһ۽Ԫǰ̹ȻĺͽԪӣʱĽԪǵӵġСģڽԪƽĻӹĿеѹƺڽΰϺݺһѣѸٰͷȥ
𡣡Ԫ˶ȥ󣬲ƽ˫֣º͵˵
ҶڿӪͽΰֱŸֱ
ӪӦ֪йҪ̨ݹƳּ̨ٴǰȥҲ쾡׼
ΰҲˡ²˻ٰ죡
ԪˣҪûݳȥҲֻǶЦˡֻлû
ԽΰͷӪΪ׵ȫڿӦõó

ԪոЩҪڵԴʱò侲빫ԡԷӪ빫ն˷빫һֱߣ۷빫ˡ
Ӫͷ䣬ɵؾͣԹ
Ԫתͷΰĵ⼸յټ岻ʣ
ΰлģֻЩ
ԪպҪϰ
µеպöˡΰҲ˿ϲ¶̬֮ΰЩʱ˿̲ý¶
ɽΰ˵Լˣ˵仰Ȼͱ۾һ˯ŵӡ
ԪҲǡòٸЩ˵ˣֱȣˣǾȻȥɣҲЩϢˡ
ЩΪŽȥӭӽԪڽյһͬ빬СǶúܣղۿӪ뽯ΰ³ľս޲뿪һԪô˵Ͼͷ׷׸ˡ
ǡʱӪͯܽ
ӪһæֽΪ٣ֻǿҳһ˿ɹʹд붼ǽҡҵˡЩ˵ȻͯͯȻ³ҳ裬ⱾǸ⣡
ͯΪѵĿһ۷ӪȻȥܵԪǰ¿˸ͷ˵ˡ
һЩԭҪǵ˶վˣ⻰æȥ⿴
Ԫһ²뵽ָǽЦôȰվҶںδҪٲȥӭ
Ѿˡ
uڹ⣬ʱֻýһ˽ȥ
ȼ˶ֻ档
˵ϻӣ˭жǣͰϻң̳ǵģ
uԱⰵЦһСļƣȴͼӰּС
ٶԽ˵ֻ㲻ܽѽҡ
uæݼʱȥֻ¶СӲá
᲻֪αһӶûУԺͽ˸ɵĶɱˣûҲûŹһŮλȴˣŮûϵкԪڻûȥղܺΪ󣬱س
ҲýݵõĻᣡ˽գٰûˡ
ǰȨ⣬η˴ŽһȥΪڻûбȱ֤ܹȥɡ
uͯսȥ
Ҳûԥ׳ŵӾˡ˵Ҳϡ棬ôǸôſûУôֱ룬ҪȥˣҲûһ
һ˿⣬߽ȥųĻ谵ĵ·ǰһǸ˵տĻ
Ҷںδ
Ԫô˵ǼӿŲӭǰȥǰȻʵһ̣ڴˣ


44 
ֻһɫµСӽһԪԪ½ӱ𣬻һתʱü֮ʮơ
ʢĿȣ˱ˡ
Χһ˴˽˸񣬶ɵü
⽯С̫¶ˣ
˶֪Ԫ˴ķ뽯ҿ϶ռˣ˽ôԸڶԴԪϣҿ϶վһ𡣾ղţֱȽԪ
֪֪һѾװڴģҲǱϾ³Գ۾Ҳ
ΰԹۣ֪ҺͷһΪڶԼңΪ˵жֳȥҴңֻҪ΢񣬾ͻ˺
ٿʢãȻ֪ĺ꽫͵ʱҲǴ£ЩҲڼʱҲǳڿһҶĿˡڳǰ˳ǰȴһסԸԴ
ϵĽԪ۰ǳҲС̬һһ˵²£˵£ˮô~
뿪²£˵£Ϊֽ顣
µֽ㣬½ͷӶ̽ʡ
ֽ㣿
ɣ
Ԫһӣ˵С˯һذɣ̨ӭλ
ΰͷӪǣҲ
ӪЪִػֻǹ٣Ҫίˡ
ΰûŮªգԸ͸ƾʹ
ԪסŮŮôŮ̺أҰɣδ飬ˡ
ΰŮȴǸ˿˸ͷԪܾ˽ΰŮ˼뵽ԪýΰŮǵȴ޷ģһˣҪŮͽС
Ԫߵ߽ˣ
˸Ƿһſ
¾˲ԼͬԪҲѹʹɫһĽıһ߳ǰ֣ΰӪȹ£Ҳֻøȥˡ
ΰ󣬽ԪȻҼֱֱİȥٿʢվڲԶĿе
ռʱ
ΰδ飬ӣмɥδ죬ֻ⼸նˡ
Ԫ¡ƲղŽΰͷӪһһҪ飬˵˶ģڵѣղô˵ϣܸΰ˽̸̬ڵôˣΰȴ˵⼸춼ˣ
оԪĸ첲ӲˣɼǱΰĻˡ
ԪĬһ۽̾Ҷףǰշ飬ȴչˣʵڽҷĲ¡ŮܸҶٺòˡ˵˼ŮָĿڡɽڵĽڽԪϷ˸ۡ
ΰһķǰŮĻ飬˵˾䣺ؼһɡ˵һ֣ˡ
ԪԶӲǲٽлֻա
û˱ˣֻʣ¡ŮˣԪҲûйӲţ½ЦӶ·ϳԵʲô
ɱ룬һ䣺Щɣҧ
ԪЦҲˣЩԵɡ
˵绹еܵܶء
ԪȥǳԷԡ
ëֱ˵ҸһԣϢɡ˵վܣԪвȻʧЦ
ūʱҹСһڽдɱϣǽԪǲɱҲɱˡ
벻õġ̽˵ýԪԽ̬ر֡˵ϧ˭ѽߣ˵ϧ쵽죬һֶû𽪼ʱҲиŮû
ԪЦŵͷ
ūҪùסժ¥ﻹûʰһҲûС
ժ¥ֻ³ȥǰĳҲ¥ǣȻǴ˵ģ˵¥̫ߣۻͷξˣȥȻʰֻĻҶһߺˡ
ô˵Ȼ뿴Ԫѽںδ˵ժ¥ʰٰᣬԹڵֶҲ֪Ǻ£ʰ֮ǰסأǻҸα˵һ뽪Ԫͬסº
ԪҶȻסժ¥
ū˵ʲôԸˡ¶Цסժ¥ٳǳ޵ʱˡ
ͺˣӪͰѷuˡͽȵ嶼رǽȣվڵ÷紵һվˣֻñڱ紦£ڱסϣů͵㣬Ҳվڷڵŷ硣
ˣ۾ˣȴŲ˯һֱš⡱
ܳһӾȻûǣΪ⹬ﾹȻǲƵģһƬڡ
ǽ俴ȥˣô
ȶȥĶͷˣˣ˵ҪҳԷҵľˡʡǱ֪ȥ̨ŷ֣̫ˣȴֱճǡ
˵ȥ
Ҳ֪ǰһ˶ûУ˵Ụ̊иҲð
Һùһһֻܹһָǰڶһط˵˵ýסǶ
ȻҪҹȥʣһ͹ȥ
Կ˿ǡ
֪ôٵˣ·ĶҪнŵ֪ƨ·һôܻȥͷ
ԥ˵˵ҴȥԷ򽪼ûὪýͽһҲԡ
Խ˵ȸȥѷ˹ɴ߳ԡ
æҲȥ
ͽڱһһǱһĿ⣬ӦǿһʱˣȫˣҲζƮŵζ;ˣһ⣡
Ŷߣһ⡣
ȥץס½ǣಽĸţĿ𱧵øߣҲʲô⣬һĺ⣡
ΪչߵúСġȫΪڶϽſߵ·߶ˮû˵ģʯ¾ϸϸˮͿǵĽűߡ
ߵʱֻŵ˲֪ӺδƮ
һ־Żѣ߽ſ壬һĸ¥⣬ԺеķӶƽཨøߴЩ⾹Ȼһ¥ľͷġ
첽ףиɿݵĺҶ̨ϡţֱ롣ܽȥҵڽº￴裬ǿյģôƣ
ڽ߽ȥˣֲָŵ²ȵ˸ֶǸɿݵҶһƮƮһһյĲ֪ʲô
ܵߣŻѵֻգſкܶ޴ĻţϸԭѾƵӵĲԭᡡ
伸ҲˣΪûз磬ȴ䡣
ȥ¥ɡͷ¥Ӧûһ㡣
¥Ӧ;ģȫ򿪣¹ս硣ڰļȫ˿һţѽڱŵıҲӹ˵ȳԷɡ
ߣסһ԰ɡ
ԥһ£˵ĵûͣȥЩǡ
˵̫ˣԹϢ͡Ҳ԰ɡ
Χһ˺ܶණвףһֽֽʣɱǽ¿ģ㣬϶ɸü飬Ӳ̣һھͲˡ
˳󣬽ˣĶû꣬û˸ͷҲˡҲ۲ˣȻ϶ǻңҲ˼ߺĻңﶼûϵԳ˸ط׼˯ˣȴ˼ͼ⣬ͣһһϣ¿˸ͷŻŹش
Ŵﲻٽ磬ȻڵʲôҲǼ˼һ˯Ҳġ
˯ڽ仳СǼƷ𣿡ϵġ
䣺šͣһ£̾үү֮ǰ˵һҪǵøӡ
ĬˣЩ֪ģԺǸǹһǶӡ
á§ס˯ɡ
ĵ棬ǰ;δ졣ٴʱ˿̣һůĻġ
ۣԸȥ󻹻ʲô


45 ժ¥
һҹȴ˯ø̤ʵ·ϵĻ̻̲գڵ̨һо۵ף˷̤ʵˡ
ҲûҡȺͽһˣڴɨҲˣվø߸ߵģﱧһѿɫưܵᡣ˾˵ûȣطҲҲ𣬱У˾ȳԵɡ
ĿƮŻҳ㴰ŶûҲԼжࡣ
ԼȺ͸첲Ϊôڵ˯ģ·մ˺һң񵽰·ԭɫסˣҲˡ
ҿ϶жߺ񡣡૵
⣬ˣȴûڳ˽⣬˶һ¥
Ŵ򿪰ɡվ˸˵ĲɣȴɨӰɡ
Ŵȫƿˣ¥Ŵ˫ģصǴ⣬ƽƴ򿪣ǶԿûע⵽ΪֻοյĴţûʵš߹ȥеŶΪǽڡΣգȫϺǸݡ
ͷ컨ǹΣķͲһϷ϶͸ף¹أֻôȻ
Ŵƿ¥ͷ˵ʲô
ӦҲлء
䣺ģһûʵǵĵطɴ౧һӹ⻬úܣֽһͻˣأŲӿһ㣬æкܶС⻹ܣǰд̨
ȻֵôĴѵǸģ
ǴŵһȦȫС
ĵطµ
д̿ͣ³ڶ¥һأ϶Ҳܽһʱ֮Σ
Ȼôɵȴһȱ㣺»
ľ¥ֻҪ¥·Ż³ͳֳɵĿˡ
ժ¥Ϸ֮ԭɡٲ»³͸ժ¥޹ˡ
Ͼ³õģưһ㣬ʩǺõġǺġ
Ŵ򿪣ȰѹڴǰЩóӶժ¥ƺҲԳһ˿Ĳʡ
ַеΡ齡ȫǶڵ֮󣬸¥ʱ϶ǻ˴ġ
Լˮ俴ǽһһ˸ߵĴľͰûпڣҲŲתһȦں濴һԲ̣ת£žˮٿͰףһصСⲴðˮ
ܹȥתǸḷ̌ˮԽԽ࣬ˮӿȥ
ԭˣ֣תŶ¥תһȦַԲ̿תļˮװã¥ժǣһ¥Ҳǽ׷ŵģһ£ʢģ¥Ĵȫ򿪣ٲͣôˮˮȥͻγˮһ¥³찡
ڲ˵첻죬ֻ˵ж෽ɡ¥ôһ壬ɨ°빦ˡ
ԲתףˮͲͣðˡ¥ˮܿ죬һ¥γˮһ¥Ľ˻ˣˮ¥϶ˣ¥ºڣѽڿ
ǰڼû˿ʱõø𵹿ۣ棬ҾͿȥæˡ
ǵСʱ򱻿ڿ£һͼˣں׷׷ϡ
Ӷ¥̽ͷȥǱĿ֮һ޼ʵҶһ˲ϳԾȺܣҴƨɣվסһ绰ðˡ
Զķu̧ͷһſڶ¥˴˫㣬ˮĴĽż䴩ͷ棬·ȫǻңﻹ˵ż绰ĻһĻˡ
uֶЦǺƺƵӺĴˡҴ˼ժ¥ڳˮˮŻܶĳ³ͳ࣬ҲðһĲƥô̧ȫ¥ǰͥԺ
ô̵ʱ䣬Ҳٻһ·οϽʱǵӶڳˣҲûûҲ̹Ȼ⸱uˣϸ룬uͷһμʱĴҲǿ٣Ͳǿòˡ
ʲôʡ
uһȻȻǹ

uĴ˶˷ԸӾԶԷȥɨˣһٶһ֣ժ¥ɨɾˣ²úˡ
ٴ߽ȥ΢ḧ΢΢⣬ˮӸߴ£һ¥ֻῴ񡢱Ĵˮ飬ǡ
治֪ͿʲôͻǱʲô棬£˼һ¥Ǹ˵˵齵ĶĿ⹻ټӽȽڽȫȥǰǰҲһСϰ㱦ϡ
齲ԶһᡣuպвֻҪᡷ¾Ϳˡ
ôȫŵ¥ȥˣֳɵģҲɨɾ˱죬ӡ
¥˶˼̸ǹuû˵ֻǿţʰˣЦҼûߣ˼
ҪܾuָŰ˸˵Ʊ⣻òã£Ƴɵ۷³ǰҲʧ񡣡
ԭġջġ·ģǾ治ܲҪˡ
Щߺ̾һʳֻڸɱĽѵܴһԵ㼫ˡ
극󣬷uҪˣǰʽǴڶ¥ӣ
ָһ¥˵ѵסһ¥տһͲסģǳ裬͵ĵط
uЦҼڶ¥̸ǣһԣҪ֡
Ĭ˵˵
uݹأ޲ΪǹߵˣȴôڡǺãҪΪǿǣá


46 뿪
uߺ󣬽ϰ춼ƽ
ժ¥ѾɨɾҲ᲻ǻĳζɴƮ㡣ϰڷŵ㶦ϡ̣һǶѷŵӣȺͽ滻·ҳ
·˵
˵빫Ӳ·ָһߵһӡ
Ƿu񣺷͸·ΡЩ붼ǸֲƥһСǴӼģ͵ģ󲿷ֶһ·յġ͵࣬uҲ͹һЩһЩ˸ġ
Щ´Ц˵ָӣǸӣĲɡͽڶҪסҲҪн뽪
ֻһ·ϴȫǵʱڼģȻ²ҲûвһȣĲ̫ˡ
ͽ·ŽһڷҴһӷҳ·Ū·ͻˣҵ
ȾȵĵɴۣҺͽھͲˣ·ǲ
Ҳûôѡ룬ѷǸµ߽˽
Щ߶ûܰȻշ롣İС̴ָ֣óµģһƴͷýſڵ˵ūμ
һ̥ǣɫϣЩ¡ƺΪ̥ǵ˻ʲôģֺеᱻӵɱܳҲֻȴѧһգԴΪǺ
˵㿴·ɻƽ˫䡣
ٶȿһۣѹͷ˵ūա
ܲףָӣЩá
ͷū̾Ͷ֣ʮգʮһһһף
ôϣ򵥵ôӣܿ𣿡ָŽ뽪ڣǿ԰㡣
˷Ըˣһҽڣūʱϲ˹ۡһߴ뽪ڣֵλһͲġ
֪Ӧ͵ʦֻաָϽҲף˲֪ǲǱҽʲôӦǴӦˣȴԸģȸƳȹūٸСɡ
뽪·һˣģһҪʮһ죬Ҫʮ죬ģ·Сʱȴ٣ʮ죬һ¡
ôһ룬ԡ
ѡһЩϣҲū̧ӣһͷ
ȴӦͷ˵ūֻ
뵽ժ¥ֻ³ѵu˵ǻָýǶסժ¥
ȥߵǱ߾СݣūС
̧ȥ˵ߵǱߣһǸסġҲԽȥ
ʲô˼
½Դϣ˵ЩӶǵúܵ͡һ£ôߡ
յ˵ôߣΪʲôôͣ
һ£Ժˣý㽪棬ȥͽȡһ·
ժ¥Χֱͨͨͨխſɹһͨаɡûиӣûˣ£Щ·ѵ߳ģΪʲôҪͨ·أ
˵һ¥찡ʢģȴڿյˮ⣬ʪȴ紵ˡ
˳紵Ҳڣߴת˳Ʈȥ˱ĵط
ʱuߵżʯϹв̿ˮ͡⣬һһƹʱңң򽪼˸
̧ͷҵкóԵˣ
Щʱ򡣡˵ұҪȥҽҪԵء
ȥõʳ˵󹬵ĺ棬һݣǰлʹкܶ
ЩĽûǲڵ
˵ˣȿͨ߹æվܹȥֺ
ɽȴǸϢأҴȥ
ɫѾ쵽ƻˣԪнȥ϶Է
ʲôʡ
˷ܣ˵Һͽһǵ·Ьӣ
ǰأ
ǽȺͽڶûһˣŮȫһʽǲý𣿡
һԪǴҪýˣԺһͲˣֻǼһ涼ѣ
ǣ˵ôٻ
ĻȺͽڶĬˡĨ˰ᣬŨص˵ȥʰһ·
Щ˵ˣ·
ϵ·ȻϡȺͽڸЩˣ˵գȻƯ
ԭ·أ̧ͷ
Ҫ˵˾ͿɫһӾȻҿڡ
ûǡ˭ģ㻹ǵ𣿡ŽһʱȻЩȷǲǻǵϣǵҲ
Ȼһ˶·˭ģֻº󣬸þòԺ󲻻ٴӵˡġ
ͷˣȺͽûнסǰܽǵ̬ΣǶԽԽһΣȻ£ڼͷ£˾񽪱ûһ
콥ˣû취ٷ·ˡѾ˻򣬵Ȼܻ谵
ܷʢѾ벻𶼳ʲôڽϣʲôҲѾ֪ˣҲ֪˵ʲôʱ𣬽ȺͽڶܳĬҲû˵
ȥǱ֮ҪĻ˵
šĬĬͷ
Ҫһ㣬Ը£Ҫһ룬Ҫ֪ʲôȻٿҪҪȥ˵
Ҳͻ㡣˵ͷºмҲмΪѾˡ
ҲĲ½ȴСҪչ˽ȡںͽڵʱܰԺ󣬾ֻһˡ
Ҳҡ˵סҪǵãĴ磬ֵĴ磬ʲôʱһ磬Ҳﶼܻġ
ס֣š
ڶ죬ɫĹˣȺͽڶûи˵Ǹ˺ܶ͸ɱ
һ仰Ҳû˵İѽˡ
ժ¥ͻȻøӿտ


47 Ů
Žºû߽Ϳﲻˣժ¥ȫͬվڵҲĹŮ̡
վڹſڣûȥǴſһ۵ţ˵Ҷܽȥϵ˵Ҫ㡣۽䣬еԹ˵Ϊͻ
ûд𻰡ɣȰѶ¡
ȥЩסСݣͺժ¥һֻ߰Сݣȥƽ˯ֻܳ
Ѵĸɱ£·Ь컻˰ɣⶼµģ϶û
·ȷʵǳƯһͭƬ⡣
ȴ۾Ͱ·ŻȥˣҲϷ·
кܶ໰˵֮⣬ȫǷ뽯ˣЩ˶мȥԶûˡԭΪ³˷ܲѵĽرʧ䡣
ڽ˾ͺˣֵһʲôҲ£
룬˵˵ֻ𣿡
뽪֮ͽȡڼһŮ˾Сǿտժ¥û
˵ҲֻǼ򵥵һ
ǰ˴գС˵ѧ䣬ҽ㡣С˵Ȼ˷ܵĽͣڽеǶôеģ
䲻Ѹɱó׶ĳ
˵ͳһ
ζһЩˡ
ǳԵĶãһԾͳԳԵıͬóԶˣɸģҲǸóԵģ
ΧҲģͳɷ͡ѧ³ԣֻҪҪѧ˵Щ˵Ļȴֻͷѣǵ˷ЦЦɵ
ЦҲЦ˾ЦøˡȻȴܿЩЦǣɫʱ׶۽䣬ڵͷ͸ʹ˸ɫȥ
˭֪ûõԱһų˽һڵϡһҲ˹Ȼͷ̧̻ʵĳɣһھһ顣
俴ˣվȻż⡣
Χеɢˣеȴڿ֡
ûȥĵЩֵ˶ЦɽȴתȥڵϵììʱǸڵϳɵȻһֺݺץһɣһյתһӾԶˡ
仹ûſеìֵȴڿìƺٷЦĿһۣɢˡ
¥£ǰ̫ˣժ¥һҲǺõġң¥µȻʮöÿһ׵ɫͬܿһһ㣬Ķǲͬ²ôЭҲܵر͡
˵ǰȣſԽݡ
Խסժ¥ԽǾǸ֮ڶ¥һ¥ǰľ¶ʤգһ¥ݶлأǸժ¥Ĵǻܡ
ߺ󣬽뽪ڶĬ˲٣ʱһҲ˵һ仰˾ʰЩһӶ򿪣ÿ춼æµ룬Լæһ㣬æһ㣬Ͳȥ룬ȥûн֮Ǹô졣
ͻȻ֮ʲôҲˡ
uʱ򿴵ľһĹ¥̨֮ϣνȤ¥µǡ
ǰģҸպиȤ£ɲһ֡
һһ߾¥ˣ
Щɡ
ǸóĵһȣӦǺϲһζģ֪ʲô÷ӻǱӣɫ֭΢΢Щճȡ
u£һϵȻ֮΢ˬ˵Եĺõط
˵³ֳΧ˶֪ˡ
֮ͿʼŮܵſȥȻΪſûʲôʵҲûţžô˽ͻȻͱ֣˺üŮˡÿˡ
뽯˰ץס󣬷ǸʼԽԽŮ˳ˣгɳֵģҲб˳ҹſһӾܵġ
̶ʮ죬ѾʮŮ˱ץˣڹſڡġ
ЩŮȻ㲣ϸȴܿ毺ãϸʣȻǳʱĹˣиܹ谮ˣ
ԭߡߵ˵³ˣ±ץסͰЩŮ˷˻еŮǲϻֱӰס͵ſڡ
Ŀɿڴ
uδ˵أкܶڹʱܳȥѾ˵ģȴϢ󣬾ʹǷӣصУ̺ġ
ȫ˵
u̾Ȱʵڲ̽ǸϳȥȥʮŮˣԺ󻹲֪ûУѵҪһһѰ丸ĸͻЩ߹˵ģͺˣѵҪЩŮ˻𣿲Ԫû취ΰͷӪҲû취
ڿõİ취ڹУ̺Ԫ
˵ģ
u̾ùʹαʩ࣬ռλٴӹ빬̷δⲻ顣á

uЦգϲҲԽмŮ顣

ֱˢһ顣


48 
ǰûע⹬ǲǶˣԴӷuߺڶ¥ʱ濴ǼԶܹСĻᵱ
Ⱥͽڵ֪˵ЩŮںӵмˮϴ¡ϴ
̨вһȪۣȡĵ»ˮкӵˮǻˮʳõˮȫߴӱˮ͵ȺͽӰ죬ҲúӵеˮڿŮӾźӵϴͷΪһĻʵ̫ˡ
һĽɿڴӦճº󣬹٣˵˲ˣ˻᲻еںӵеģôһ룬ҡͷ˵ϴͷõˮɡ
Щˮ١Ϊѵ˵һȡˮֻԺȣǵˮ֮˿ڡôȣúӵеˮϴϴͷҲġ
ʱʲô¶ûУͻֺᷢܶܶҪ¡
ˮȷʵҪȣһ˵Ҳͷġһ£˶¥һľͰԲ̺ˮһţζ£ûйζʵźɻˮеˮҲûζﲻ
ߣ˭ܿľͰˮǲȡˮ
һüǰ¥ˮȡˮģˮвͬһˮ
æʣժ¥ˮ𣿡
ߵȻеģū⼸ϴõ¥еˮֻйʳãȡǴɽȡصˮ
ֳɽǣ̨֮ɽȻΪɽɽȪֻȡãֳȡá
ȥˮۣԭժ¥һݣһСʯͤʯͤʯ̹ޣ·ˮۣһ
ȡһӹһڣ䣸ƢˮѾܺˣѵɽȪȡˮãֳ̧صˮƺºһЩ
Ⱥͽڸôõˮ˵ҪҲЩ̲סˮһЩԡ
æԲˮδѲ񣬹ԡūȡˮɹϰ죬Լˡ
ԭһ֣
˵֮ǰɹˮȣȵʱǰ˵ԡˣȥһԡעеˮȻðŰɫɹˣ
ɹˮôɹأ̲סߡ
æһרɹˮġȥˮȫúڵ÷ʯͷɣеˮ߼ʯͷϵˮѸȥһ¿ʯͷж̣ԱߵһϽסʯȼʱ̵һ⣡½͵ʯΪʯ伫ȣҹ伫ʯ
㽪ΪһֺɫʯͷʢġҲһæˮɹҲĺ档
ժ¥һ¥һܴԡأƽС㹻½Ⱥͽˣһ档
ˮһſڳأֿʼԴտյľء
ڹҸϴͷ
һҸϴŤͷЦһ£ſŲ
ŽĺڷûɵģС˵ǰر硣
Ӧȵ𣿡
ЦǰڼʱҺͽ棬˯ͺ硣Ϊͺ磬Ͳһȥˣǵٳȥ
𣿡һӡûˣȷʵʲôʱңڸһоˡ
ڵͷ԰㻹˵ֻôһ綼ˡ
ĬʱŽȥ磬תŸͷҳԵġ·ˡܸŽ䣬ΪýȺͽڶССŮӣǱȥ룬䵱ʱɣһָȥǱߡʹһãܹȥҲǲѪ
첲ڵˣĸ˵дͶأĸһ׶Ŷ
ͻȻת˵ڻҭſһʰ
޹֮ƺͲòܽ뿪ʵˡ
κһ˶ͬյʱڴͶмѡд硰ͰԼץס䣬һҲſⲻſһֱߵġ
Ԫǰǵ³
˵ǵʱܴӡﱣס䣬³ûˡ
һգڲԶδһ
̨ӭһƻ衣
Ԫװ۲Ű˶˳ȥΪڹʿ̨ʿϰҲ̳ԽԪӽ̨ÿÿ죬
ϣʱһҲû취վ
Ӫͽΰȴ־һͬʧˡ
ýԪֱ̽£Ҳû취ڡҲҾܾˣһЩݼأ
ɾҲƣ
ڰϣͷѡ
ūæǰͻңȻΪ¡ᷢ棬̷ԪЩˣȰҶˣ¡
ū⼸ն²̽ڽԪص̨ץ̿͵Ҳһ䣬Ҳ±ץס޷
Ԫڽºֳһִ֪˽ڳ³ȴñʱ߳ܡ
Ȳ֪ūʲô
ū˽ҵϢ
ΰڸϽأ˵޷Ų˵⼸գնūֻֻ½ΰ޷أ
Ԫ̾˿ūæ𣿿һ۸Խ˵ԽС
Ԫ̾䲻ǡ
ūǶãûҵ
ԪūҶѾܺˡ
ūſֵȥҵЩˣȥˣ˵ҪǾȻԸ⡣
³а˰ٽʱūЩ³ľӡԪȻҲϣ߬ôʿźáϧһ֮ûСЩͶЧˣ֮ū
ԪȻЩɹ˵˵ūǶԳգĸý֮ǡȻ⹬վ˾ȫǽҵˡ
û뵽Щ˾ȻԸ⣡
Ԫɫʱū˵ǣԭԸȥ̵ıҲԸ߷ߵļһ䣬һȺɵӣ
ԪɫȴÿˣЦҶ֪õöأɣҪǮҪŮ˶öࡣ
ū״÷أ
ԪЦҡͷ⣬ȥɡ
ūתӣȥȴ˽ûп磬ֻжڡ
ūĻȻ֣ŽԪȴҿڡ
Ԫ⵽һˣǽҲ˵ͷֽǰҶ䣬֪ҶԸֽ㸸
˵ˣֻƴͷ
ԪЦһ£ūȥЩˣԺҵġ۽ʤ
ɵˡ
ū½л
һȥͿ߰˸ͷ̧ͷǽ͵˵
ԪЦһ£ūȥˡ
һˡܡΣǿģ
ūŽȥ˵仰һ̧ͷɨһۣתˣȻ
ū޵һֵ⽪ɲܲŭԭеĿЩڹôշģʱֻҪԼãγ⽪


49 ׷
͵͵ŮǺܿ췢סժ¥Ƕ͵ժ¥ϳֵŮӣŮʱߣǿǰԸᷢ£Ц޼ɡһСӣժ¥ȥŲ졣
һЩµ¥ڽȴֻŮˣ
ƹöʯͷŵժ¥Ʈζ˿ڿˮͷȥŮȻǺŮһͬ÷ŮӻôһЮǣ
ƹþԼ˶ˣ඼ˡ
һȥð裬ʵ̲ס֫ŵصȥŴò͵Ůƴͷ󺰵ūū̹ūū̷
Ϳһˣժ¥Ʋԣȴߵġժ¥̨׽ļƼôۣȴժ¥̧ߵһһ¥ܽǰһŵĸ߶ȡ
кܶܵժ¥͵Ҳûϡ
ͻȻܳһ
ȴɱڵȥץס˵ͷϡ
ôһϳͿǸŮӣ˫Ѿ٣ϵȹӿһϸ˿
վסߣֻҪŮ˸߾ˡ˵ķʲôģڲİ˽ժ¥
Ůߴߣߴ߸Ƶˣ

ȻŮȻߴ̨ǰһˣסŮ˵˫ȣ˫˫̨ס

һ˺קشѷѽ⡣
ȺͽһץסһڽǰĿǸŮˡ
Ůˣϻ
ԭפʶ̣ٹһ£ǰĴѾԽԽѪˡ
һʱŮվϷ磬ϣץסͷײ
ҪһȭŮϣȭͷҡ
ȥҪġ
ˣˣ˷ֿ
һ¥߶ܳˣǰ첲ȵķֿ󣬾ȻˣóǸ߰˰ͷ½ųƣȻȸϵǰ
һǵͬţۣƽ˵Ůϵӽ⿪߰ɡƴͷŮ˵ҪˣҲҪ̺򣡡
ƹøղŰûпޣʱ̲ס
׺ϣͷϻѪ뵽ǸŮӣҪʲô
ƹæԵģ
ýȸ˼Ļӽһ飬ĵȥ
̫ˣԲ¡
ɫˣҲҪ̺򣡡
Ȼ̧߰ˡ
һܶŹʿ˰⿪ղŶл㡣ǸŮͻȻʲôǶ֪ΪﺰĻ޺ģ߸ղųȥסȻϿܶ˰ȥ󣬽˷Ӧʱ䡣
߱ΪβҲᱻϳлԼĶ䡣֮⣬Ҳһ𾪡
ðɣõл
ҲӦˣýȥȡһ鲼߽͡ӹĿߣ˸ͷǽˡ
ѵ˵𣿣

Ϊ¾ʹ˸һ䣬ǸŮȴʼժ¥ιһεҰèһϲˡ
ƺܵͰ׷ȥʱ߶ȥ׷ˣǸ¥Ҳŵˡ
ÿǸŮ˶ߡĿɿڴڶ¥ǸŮܵüֱһ磬˲룡
Ů˹ǹŴ
ûע⵽ʱǸŮ˻ǻʯͷ̨µĸߴ͵ǽע⵽׶Ŀ⿴Ⱥͽڣ˵йܵÿֻŮ¡
ŽȺͽڵߺ״ͷ
˺һʱҰһȥ˼ȥᡣ
ڼû֮ҪٵкܶӣԣֻʶҪĴۡ
ƹֶӺǸ¥ŮˣᣡΪǣǸŮӲŲûǣͿԸŮӣÿҲܳԵ⣬ܺһ
ʱи˵ĽŲᶨܣæԶž;ˣǾȻṆ̀
ԥһ£ѵ£⿪ͷܹʱͻȻܳ
죬Žûиܻǡ翴ǱԺиˣºŮ˳֡ŮͻȻҲϰΪߵһߣǰܡ
Ǻǽ䣿վָ˵˭
۾͵ɳˡ
ǰܣŵĲǸŮΪʲôû£
ȵȣ׷𣿣
¥ϴ󺰣䣡ǸŮ˸ܣͷһȻɵۣæѽϵȥ㲻Ҫ֮£
ӦȻЩ֣Ѿ˵Ϊʲôôţִ׷ʽҲ˵㣬ҲҲܿŰɣ
䱾Ůˣֻһֱ׷ţֻûͷһְڵϣ׶
ƹǰɫˣһŤˡ


50 
ҵ·˷ܵǺģ·ģЬ滹ţƤ
ѵÿôˣʵҲǸʮꡣ
ȺͽΧû꣬Ҳһıģýٰס˵紩·Ūཪ¡
ѽߣ˵ղǸŮ˭Ｘˣ
æ״üˣһֱ
üڽºҲܶ࣬ˡǡ
һʼǸŮΪʲô׼ժ¥Ļʣз𣿡
䣺иǵķ
ֲá
ַЩ𣿡Сʽ䡣
ɫķͲø˳ԣ
ô¡
ֽԪ³ϻطu˵ĻҲδȫЦЩŮܳĽεÿһطԪ϶ܲûشŵûУҺͷңֻڿЦЩ˽ŽԪЭЭʲôأ
ص¥֮ǰûʣµ˻ˣڳ춼ǺˮԸɱ֮ǰԵúء
ţСķ뽯ҿ϶õͬ⣬ӦǾ
Ԫ֮£Ȼᷢ³ػЩŮΪ񣬸ʳ
Ǹժ¥ŮϻؾͶˣҲ֪⼸ȥҳԵġ
Զٶϸ䣬ҡͷ˵⼸ûǸñӵͷΰͷӪñӶܸߡ
أʡ
кܶˣ춼Է˯˽ȥûʲôʱûˡ
Һͽҵأʡ
˵Ǹȥˣء
ӵģֵģӣ֡
ӡ϶
ҴŽգл͡Ȼ˵ΰˣ˺ܶ࣬ΰȴһ
ڽҵȴԽԽˣ˵ǰ·ңʹ飬źŽе
ôˡһСƹݻɫ˵·ң
ûĺӿһ̾
Ҳʵ̫ͻȻˣҪٳһţŵŴҲ
˭֪أһ̸С˵ǲСˣǰҲû˵ģôȻˣ
԰ڶҲ̸ˣһ˵ǸҪǰͷأڽˣ빫úúõģӪžͱȽ粻ͻ࣬Ȼǽ
Ȼڴϣɫȴܺ
ʢ棬Ц϶ǲˣ
ֵܣͬһͷһβʢΪΪΣиպ෴
ӵЦܻܵúܣ˴˵һͷھ˰
ͷΣҸΡʢǰһѳӣ𽯱ߡʧȻץסſ򲻷ֵ֣ǰã
ΰվڲԶһԽ˿˵߰ɣһ硣
˿￴۴Ͷ磬Ҳû˵Žΰˡ
˿Сʱͺ½ΰȻ罫飬ɽΰٴɫڽΰУеūû
ˣҲʧȥӴ˺Ҳû˻Ụˣĸ׺ã
ڽΰǰº󣬽˿ﴹͷأҲҳ
ΰĬΣԽ˿Ѱһ£վŰɡ
˿͵ýͷ̧壡ҵôģڽ󣬽Ŵ˾ͰѽԴ֪õĴģ
ΰüʱͬաҽڷͷ˼֮ϣҽҲ¼־α֮ǾԽŮΪġ㸸ǰô۰㣬ôڼҿն껪Ϊѡķᣬƥ䣬㲻Ҫٶ룬úóްɡ
˿Ｑеǵ˵
ΰ˿ҪΪĸ׶һ롣Ҫ
˿һֻˣﻹҪģ
ΰý˵ý˿뽯һͬûҪģ˿òѰǽĲѡ˿ﻹѡһǲޣҲΪǣһϺõס
˿㶵뿪ߵǰͣסӣҪȥ
ȥá˿Ȼתͷȥҽ
ѾмûˡնҪ裬һܴͥԺʯ̨ףн澡ֹ̡ɽһſ˿˸ˣűнУ
߽ȥһ۾ͿȺеĽ
ǰȻ֪ûôĸо
ڻ谵ڣһȺӵУȻһۿ
ڷ⣬ڿһ̣ΧһжȻʧɫ
￴վſڵ˿̸˵㣡
˿߽ȥЩ澺ֹˡ
ôôˣ˵
ɫ㲣ͷ˵˵ϾҪˣҪ¡ΣҪ˸ǷҶüû˯ˡ
˿ḧ˳ڷ˵ղŽȥҼˡ
ʲôһӾҪ
˿ﰴס𶯣˷֡
￴ſڡԼԼӰװУϣߡ
˿˵˵ʱͬգҪҽŮӣ˶ҽҵжҼˣΪҽס
ۣƤ²ͣתðϸܵ亹ֱñ˿ޣһΪ޵ģ޵һ֪ʲô˼ң񽯼һĵطԸȥ
˿︧գ˵ȥҴ磬һа취
ץס˿֣ġ
ɫһӵ⣬ŵ붯ˡ
ȺЦַģ춼ˣؽºȥȻôߣ
䷭˸ȻĴ
úݺݴһ£Ҳ᲻ٰ˵סĵطһ
һϣõ㶦ƽһԣԶ̫£ȾɫϼɫŨһչһֲҰ׵ضڣ˱øΧֵӣԽԽ࣬ŻȻÿ쿴ǿաʱҹձˡ
ŲŵᣬݻǷöûйվ˵Ѿ˯ˡָָ䣬ߣ𣿡
߹ȥſڽ䱳ϣղžͷĺˣ϶Ѿˡ
ߴŷ˸ٷ§סĲӲȥȿˣЦȥˡ
䱳ϷŽѡ˵ó
˵֣·Ҳ
ͷͻȻе㲻ԣֵס˵ǲ
ֻЦͻȻúܿġԭ㽪ˣԻģûôңԶ
䱳Žݣļֱսġ
ȫˣºĵطȻܿ⣬ֻһͺߵǹ⿴һˡ
ǽºڽ䱳ָǱʡ
ԡ俴Žº̾˿·½ӵĿˡ
Ц˵ʲôʱԣ
˯˶⡱֣ԺԱߵĽȣ⡣
Цˣڵ˽º󣬽Ԫķʽ̵ĸоڽǶôһˣֻһƷ
ҹ˵Աߵߵݸһֻѣºȥ
һԽԽԶԽԽСߵЦҲάֲȥˡվߣȥɣ˯ˡ
ճϢھ˯
ǣŽȵ֣ãȥɡ
صºҲصӣſڳԱкһԡ
ڽԵĶƤҪˣ˯һ񶼲ˣһԣֻǸҧһھͳ΢΢ĳζֲڵҪͷĥƵġ
һûһڵĳţͻȻ˶͵͵ΧҲ͵
Цúɵ˭˼ЦһղŹ˳㣬֪֪
˴ӹ
Ц
Ҳ㣬Ͱֵܺȥˡ뿴Ϸ˵ֵܣ
仹Ц
˵Ҳ㣬͸ˣкŶ
Աһ˵·˹ڴ
ڴˣ
ֹϻЦÿġãȻ
Ǽ뿴Ϸ˼˶Щɥ
ɵӣ
ֵ˼Ļᣬ˵ʹͣҲ
ЦһٳЦһٿһͲˡ
ͷԱЩ˵ĻԼ룬ôҲ벻׵ô¡ͺˣ϶
ɵȥ˯ˣֱҲû
ԪڶūΣ
ūЦҿǲ硣ȥˣǽ̺񿴲磬˵˽̾Ҫսء
ԪǺأ
ūȻˣһ˼ˡ
Ԫü̾Ǹýнȥ
ūֻǸöȥôȥ᲻᲻ã
Ԫתһ֪ū˵ʲôʵͽãŸ⣬Ц˵ֵܣʲôã
ūЦ˵ҰѴҲͳȥɣ
ɽһߣߵ˾ֻʣūˡԪԥٵһɣʵڲУýȥ
ֵܲɳҲˡ
ūϲӦ˵ǡ
뵽컹вҪ˷һʱ䣬ԪЩֲҲˣȻôŸоԼ³
ūԪһݣתӣ˵βȥ
ţū˵ֻԪ
ūͲȥ̨𣿾Źʮ˵¥ժǳ
ԪȻϲã
Ԫ߳ºȥĽ̨ڲͣĻϽ̨Ĵӵ£̨ǧһĻ
յĽ̨ȴԵЩŹ֣壬ߵܿһ̨µŮߡ
Щ˻ڹΪûгԵģͳˡ
ū˵棬Ȼǹá
ʳԪ֪Լ˵ɵʳﵱȻǹ˸ǵġ
ҡͷ½̨ȥȻ뿪ºЩ֪ŮԽԽˣЩŮ˶ڽºء
ԪʧЦϸ䣬ղЩŮвɫߣֻǱĿ
ūС˵ūڽҸ˵ΰҪѽϳȥʢͽ뻹һء
ԪЦ
ū˵Ȼ˵ΰѽ˿޳ȥء
Ԫ㶵޳ȥ
ūЦԣɻǵǸţ˵Ǽ޸Ķˡ
ԪɫͲÿˣǸСһֱ׷Ҷ𣿡
ū˵ǰƺ˵˵ü޸˽ΰ֮ӣתͷȥ׷󽯼Ůˡ
ɶ񣡡Ԫ޵֪ʱ򣬹뽯ҾȻ͵͵һˣ
ūߵñıһʱԶˡ
ܶúܣһҲûСԪԼѵ÷ɣš
ͻȻһŮ˶ţܿȴŮͷһ㣬ͷ㷢ɲʲô˼Ҷóġ
ӱȥŮɪɪ˵ӵûзڱ󣬻͵͵
ǺˣԪͻȻ
ŮӾһվȾܣһܸܿ񻣬̬ͻ
ľɫ֮ô
ʱūˣһŮ˾һ
Ԫū֣º͵Ǻˣ
ūУô
˭֪ǸŮӿūӾţ˲ûӰˡ
Ԫȥ׷ūʶŮ
ūû㶵˵ǽŮô
ԪŶһתߣūں棬ĬԪһȻʶˣȥɡ
ū˵תܣһܾ͵ڶŻԪŮͻؼˣ
ūЦؽңôأ
ԪĿɿڴ
ˣ
ⲻǸ׼𣿣


51 Ϊ
ﱻ˰ڲݷū棡Ц˵ӹ͵Ůˣ˲Ҫߣظ֤˵һ춼ɿ
ⲻǣⲻԣ
һж˵Ĳһ
ﴩŲ£ûλͽ̨˸̨ڵĹ̡˷ҵľǽҵģ˱һҲ˸ͳԵġȵġ
ֻҪίˣһֱڽº
ﲻ¿࣬ѧʱ̵ʲô඼ˣºҲﵽºȥ
лᣬǿһԡ˼ūҲڴߣǼҪԾ
ū
˿ʶūȻû˵ȻǽˣͲصˡ
Ǳ̨ž˵Ĵ󣬵ȴһˡ
ûҲûй̡
ȴһЩֵˡǿ󣬾Ȼ˺·ˣҲ֪Լܵˡ
ּֿʣЩŮˣֻһֱزأʱŸҳ͵رߵˮ
Ȼˡ
һǰ·뵽ºȥ˺ʹӦӻͳһɱƴлӹţȴƵڵأҪ£
ŵüУѱˣƿˡ
ʱԶиЦŻˣΪһˡ
ǵܵȫĵطڵϸϰһǽū˵ūΪϹһֻۣڴ߿²ţ۴һǽ
ղǸū
̲ס͵͵һȥȴūڸǸ۸˵ΪϤӣһͭң
ŵҲūϽ͵͵ˡ
ĶӺܶܲˡҪһԵģǸҲԸ⣡ɵǶ㿪ˡ£ôҡ
һΧ׷½صСӣÿ˿󶼻ÿǡÿֻ׷
ڽ֪Լô졣
ʱڱ˵ˣȴūǸӲһͷ
֪Լܵҵһɽʯ굽ȴŮһֻüܡ
ûԷֻȹˮ˶εûһЩŲסˡӿĿš
ʱūˣվԶĵطЦſ
æվܣͷһҡַסūܹЦ˵˰ɣһ졣˵մӻͳһ԰ɡǣղžͲܣǸס˾Ǵء
ģϽͷ
ū´ѱ԰ɡҲԣǸմӼӳġ붼˰ɣ˵ǽΰǽˣòܳҴ顣
æͷӹҲ˲ϸɵѪĺƴȥ
ū˵ȥȡˮһ˴˵
һͲͲˮúܣȫȹˣĨĨ˵ȥɡ
ūȴЦ
ģûתͷһԵڵأƤֱܣΧһжˡ
ʱһϣϸ鲼Ŀô£ȴϸС塣
ͻȻ鲼ƿūЦſˣ
ĿȥץסֽȴȻû᲻ͣ૵ūū
ūҲڳϵģƳһˣֱؤȴͷһ¡
ūֽŶסڿǸƳˣ˵ҸƳĻġ
ū㲻ҪҡΪʲôΪʲôҪң
ū˫۷Ĵǽҵ˶һʹҾʹԼҵū͡
ﾪĵɴۣҡͷûСҲǰҲֻĻ
ҪǾͲñԹūЦȻܽ͸㻻ӲҲֻԸⱻϱ
ҡͷūūһİ
ǲһū˵ӵĿ鲼һǣҲˡ
ȳͣ£ƴҧūҲΪ߽ݣ׾ٵľͰˡ
ū˵ڴ˵ر֮ǽ֮ŮڴˣΪϢͻᴫֳǣ
ҧס죬ūЦϧĿ϶ǲһĵط
ŮˣСӣСӿȥǲߡЩŮУҲֻšŮǳûʱ·˻ΪЬ˺ݵ˷֣Ǵһٸϳȥˡ˶¶˵ǹŮˣ϶ȥûҲ£ÿ춼гԵģֻҪúøɻ
ʲôأЩŮ˺ͺӻܵϰߵĵϺ˿֣Ů˵ɹúܣ͵Ǯ𣿡
ڶڵϣ޲һӾˡ
㡭硭ôô
ԴӰͳȥ󣬽˿ԲڽͱܿԺ͸ϽʣϢ𣿡
뱻ʶҲЩŸսȥҲ֪ûУûĻеĵء£ūչˣ¡
˿ŭūˣô
룺ǲ٣һǿˣô
˿ԥΣҡͷ磬ūȻǣȴ޵ʹ죬ɱˣǾͱһ˿ȴܻͱ
벻⣬ô
ᡣ˿̾ʹްɡã̫ˡ
뻹ǲȻôģҾȥūɡε
˿ŷġ
ūܿ촫ţȴǳЦ̫ļ
ŮҲûһҹµĵ
⻰ҵͷϣ̡
˰ɡûĶԽ˿˵
˿ȷһģһڿУô˵ˣϲ𣿡
òţֻҪͲܲġ˿û˵ڵǣҪĵһܳ裬᲻Լ˿ҲϾֻǷˣ˿һҲǷˣҲ֮ϡ
Ԫūһ춼ܸˣȺЦҲ֣ǱϾĽãڽҾ˶۸㣬ѵҲ۸㣿
ūͬһȦһֻӻɽ֣һֻȴĸԸİԼƤ⻬ֻ˰ϲ
Ԫˣūʹһ֣ԿҾͺ޲һҲʡðۣ


52 һ
ֹʮ죬˿ȻûӵͻϢ̲סˣƽȥ̽
ȴòʮ죬˽ԪҲôվȽŸڵﷴڣץסΪպԲٿңһúýѵġ
ﲻˣ˿ԽԽ£磬иūûб֪
»Ҫ֪Ц
磡˿סĿڣҾò˽˴̾ͻҽڶûϢҺ¡ⲻ
ЦĿŽ˿Դӽΰ˵Ҫ˺ԲϣݣĿУΪҲȥǾͬҲʵʵ⣬˶ģǲ
룬ο˿ģȥ˴
˿ץס˵磬ĲôֻҪ֪ûŮ˾Ϳˡ˵߲û˷а裬״
ǲ١
ֻǰȥ¶ѣ˿߱ƺ󣬲ôȥһ˻û˼ûУҲûòӦò
ԥѲū
˲⣬˺ʮū
뷴ӦЦϾǽ㲻Ҫ˿ģǸŮˣŮ˵ز󡣡
˵ͷŵŵ
ʢǲǳȥ̨ȥժ¥ǽº
˵º
üˡ
˵ΰΪʢȢ˴֮ŮڷǱȢģ˵ܽΰȣ˶˲űųǡ
ûֻţȻôһ
ͻȻӦæʴˣ⼸գûн
˵
͵ԼڡԴ´Ĵߣһ͸ϽѴͷȥ⿴˿£
֪ˣͻȻ˵
һꡣ
һҪŽңڵȴͷ˷ܵһȭ
˾ˣǴӺ˵𣿡涼˵ΰŲΪг̫࣬ûš
˲Ͻͣôȥ̽ҵϢӪӴûн̨
˴Ҵһ󺹣ˣӪƲ̨
Ȼˣ
Ц£ˣȥūܴҪʲôĳԸһ֮
˵¿Ҫ
ʱ뵽һ룬˵ӽϢūĹ´߷ߵūˣۣⲻһѱūֻѾİˡ
̾˿Դ˵һɡֹΪ˿ͬ飬Ϊպ˿ｫõıûһʱҲҲõѡˡ
Ӧǡ
ūЦеĴԪϼ£ǰŴ
Ԫۣ˵ʲô
ūЦ˵ƾʹ
Ԫ
ƾһҵǲܵģֻˡڴ϶Է롢˵ͷպ̧ͷ
ū뽯ˣȵٿ֮Ըο롢Ҳһ顣
ϿڣԪȻˣҲ˵֮º󣬻ʧϷ硣ɫūжŮǡ빫£ٽ㹫ϷһΣ
ԪѽԺ󣬴ʱһŮڣ̾Ҷ⹬ȷʵ顣
ūǲ¿ڣ֪йǣįϾ㣬ǹҼ֪ɻ
ԪЦҶ֮ӣֻ޸Ĳã죿
ūͶˣ룬ͻ룬ժ¥ֻҪһ뽯ʢ֪ºɫ̲ס
ʹ񣿡ʴˣô˵ģ
˵ͷūȷʵô˵ġϾ鹫ʮΣܵùһԣ°빦
뻹ûУʱԪ۰Ҳѹֽʢ⣬ҪȢԪΪԲ
ֻϸһأʹ⣬Դ˵꼸Σƽʱúƫ֮£
ʹˣС˵˴ϲݣӷ֮ݲԽ̵أɴΪ
üкѣ
Ҫȥֵⷿˣһ˵鱩ŰҴ䳵˶˫֡
һ£ʣͣ
˵δꡣ
ֻһ¾ȻˣӰ֮Ů˼ȲܸݣƽҲʮֳ谮СֲͨǣֻҲ˽̵Ҳ֡
Ȼб~ȥ񡣡
~ǽ谮Сͯ绨һ㣬ѩ㾧Өļˮһ˫ˡ
丸ĸº䱦ֻǽ֮ʮΪ~
~ʮ꣬Ӣ˲ҲͽһͯԴ޷ӳ谮
˽~·ͥǰվﲻ˵ĿƵᣬһ顣
һͲ䣬һ˺ܿش£֪ءǹͣûˣԣܾʹ˵˹ģҪȥҲǼ¡˵꣬̾˿ֵ֪𣿡
~ĿһתڱЦһڸݣĸ÷֪ĶԴ˵͵ġ÷֪϶Ĳң
˼һСӳôѩ㾧ӨĺӣȴĥµʯһӲĸ˼֣лᣬͳȥɡ
~Цһ£˵˼ҵ£ȥֻһڡ
ƿԡ~òϣǸ
ժ¥uڸ˵ЦЦǹⲣǸġǰ׷ߡ
Դ֪Ҫ޸ʢ󣬹ⲾرԾ˱ˡȻʼĴޡ
ɲڹǰڮuЦǶֳкü˵Űݷá
۹ܸߣǼŮ
ڷңȢӪ֮ŮǣڽңȢΰ֮Ů˼ҲˡӪͰ˳ȥΰѽ˿ҲǺһ
󣬹ⲿǿȥûӿȢ涼ˣҴҸ̶ӭȢ˿
˭֪˿ﲻԸޣ
uЦˮһգ
˵ЦţҴ˽ˡ
uʲôһ˵һվӶ¥⿴ܿȥվڸ¥ϣ֮̾껹ܽժ¥һۡ˵գ˵ҹ
Ŵȷʵһһߵĵطȥˡ
Ȼġu˵ЦֻǹҪġ
Ϊʲôܾ˵˼ʽкܴͬ
u𣬷ˣһҪָ¥ŵͥԺ˵ԭ
üΪʲôܼ
uǹҳϣ͸÷
ʵֻ׽Ūɣʡ
u۵Цˡ
Ȼˡ
һ˽ӽˣʢĵУһһڷƵġ
˿Խ˲һ㡣
uҲˣɫȻΪȴǻɫӡ
һɡu
תͷ
׿𣿡Ц˵
֪˭𣿡ôƯˣӦúŶԡ
uҡͷ赭д֪Ǻ˵ڳ裬Ҳ
ȡںͽһ¥߽ı~ȫ˵
~ϰŮ˿վԶԶģº͵ĳ֪ɷͼ
飬˴𻰡
ԱվűˣЩ˾ûһ
¥ˡ
¥ϣ顣
~ֻйŲ£ڣ˶ϲֻվҪڴˡ
ʱ¥һ¥ÿһ׶һءֱ࣬һĹùġ
~һǸ֡
ˣվ¥϶Ա~һ¶Цɣл㡣
~ʶˣֻһۣ͸Ͻͷˡʱ˱Ȱ˸ࡣ
¥ϵԽԽԽԽᣬƺܸоǸ¥жԥж಻Ը⡣
ģһˣɫ˿Ⱦѩ׵Ͳ΢΢Ź⣬ͷֻܿӢͦü绨һ촽̧ͷ󣬽ǰһĿճסһ޷ƿ
һƯˣֱһ
~Ŀ¸ţūūùͼҡ
ʲô֣
~
飬˼𣿡
~ȵ̧ͷԥһܴ߳ǡ
Ǳ֡
ûһҵˣΪ
~ūūǽҴˣҼ͸Ϊδݼвˡġ
ң
üͼuʹɫתһ룬ʣ˵֣
~롣


53 
ڲ࣬崺硣
~ܻ˵ָ𻬣óСʵԹⲵķӦÿʱԼ䣬ȻԹ˵Ļȫһۿۡ
~ûзûҲûбģűݲյˣ֮͸һɡֻݵġĵʡ
˵Цա񽪼Сʱķᣬݸ˼ֹԣһ˫޳ַŪźڡ˫ɫ˿ϵС壬öУһһӵĲ˼Ļʶ㡱Ľò̾
˵Цܰ׻һ㶼⣬ҲûĶһСסɵӺһСˡıĹ£ֻҪһ˵գסͿʼЦ
ʱ̫ˡ
uһֱԱߣҲЦţһҲûֱƻ轵٣һ䣺ˡٲñ~ؼʱҪҹ·ˡ
ҹ·ҪΣյöֲָ࣬·һյƶûУĸ˼ǮûϻǰΪ·Ƿ뽯Ǯ˼ҡ
ŷΧѾ䰵ˣʱ̫ˡź˵
~Ӹղŷu˵ͱ첻Ҷˣڣ̧ͷ
ôһ֪ôԲʵҲ뿪ղҲ֣ܿһʵȵȡע⵽ɵ촽ӽһˮûȻڲͣ˵ҪԼԲˡ
ƣˮ
~ڵԼǰˮյæлһȻԴ٣ˮܵ°ϣȴһֺȾƵĺˬС
ǰûˣղһһԿ뻭ˡ
ջ𣿡
~һҲȣ¶Цˮ˫ÿɰūūһ鹫
ֱߺܳʱ䣬ڲԾЦõ񻶿¡
uӵڶͲˣ~ʼÿ춼ÿ춼ȴδҪʲôҲû˵Ǹʲô
ժ¥ÿһ˶ϲÿȥˣֻҪ~ͽڱ~ߣǣֻץס·
ȺͽҲչֳѵõŮ̬ǶԱ~Цʳڵ˾׳ŵڱ~ʱ¥ǰuǶǱܿġ
ժ¥Ҳ˱~ЩڹеŮˡԴ֪ûʳ󣬾һЩ湩ȡãޣռݡʳ㡱ֻĸŮˣǸŮˡ
ڲԼҿ˭뿿ʹ˭
ѹ£ԽԽŮ˶ժ¥ȱ~ڱ~û֮ǰǻˮǰϴɾͷ½ժʻҶװԼ
ķչʵ̾Ϊֹ
~յժ¥Ȼᱻ˿дԳһͯȥ֮ÿ飬ͬʳ
Ӫ˵ŭСС֪ͣɫպ֮
Ԫ㣬ǰЦ˵òҶȥɡ
˾һЦ֮ˡ
ū˵ҲȻʧЦ֪Ǳ~ĵû뵽~ȱ£֪֮Ҫʲô
ͷ˹ţУӣҲ
֮ŮǱؼҵġŮŮףཫ԰ͽ󣬽ҾƳˮ𡣽ԼṲ̊ʱʿݣŮ³󣬽˻꣬ϲʮ꣬ʮߡ
Ϻ󣬵ȢΪңڶվȥԼףռŲԼǰͷƸﳤȥ
֮£಻ϣٻؼңϺ޽ǣһͱ˸ԴҪǽҽˡ
ʱҪɱϣ˽ϲڴףϽվڴǰʣɣ
ϱڴ״ӾȫҲú̩ȻԽҪ
ȥ
쳤վãδҲӡԼҾ飬ϱ֮ߺޣ䡣룬ȴԺ޺ޣֻڽҰ
žһһչڴˣһ
ñסӣװ
סڱŵɿ벻Ҳÿڡ
˵ô̲˶õģܿͻˣ
Ȼһ䣬ŵζִ䣬ˡ
˰ѺĴ򿪣Ӵȥܵĵط
˷ˡ
Ҳϲ~Ҫѱ~ȥˣô죿
˳⣺˼Ȱ~˲˸ˣ
͵ҵ˾ˣһҪٸһ
˾ȣΪ벻أ
ֱһ̽˵磬ȥ
ԥأҡͷҪõͱô죿ҽɲڴˡȻһСҽˣҲ֪ûС
ٳ⣺뼸λȥ飿
䰮ϣȴǼӿ˳ۣȫԼˣ׵ƽʱ϶࿴һۣӼҲ
ȻҶܻã뻹üҡͷ˰Σ̾ϼҲͲˡֵ~ֺùڹУؼŻ
Ȼ±~˹óǾͲȥˣȥ~˵ˡ
ܲժ¥۾ֻūһ˵ǲСñ~Ҳȥбת


54 
~˵Ļɫͷˡ
ȰȻᣬβΪԼһڷֲʲôӣ
Σʵǡ
϶Ա~ʱýһ~¡üۣ˺ȵͿϷ˵һЩ˻ϾĻһش˿̺죬Űѵñ~Ծ§˵һŻȥ˾͸ɾˡ
õʱõʱͶԱ~Ǵָű~ı˵Ը¼Ůˣˣ߳㣬ɱˣ~
~ϴӷСʱ˰ƵˮУҪۿ벻ڣĴ˶ҾȣҲҾȣ˸⣬͵͵ȥϲһŮ͵ȥŮϵ֪Ҵ뿪Ÿ˰ѱ~̳
ʱһţ~ҪϽһؾʱֱιʰŷŸˡ
~ϲŸɫһҪɱ~˵Ӻùˣô˵ҲǴһһ
˵ūҲڴߣɻöزأֻѵúһ㣿
~ū˸£˵ģֻҵķȹҵˮֻҵգСʶ˶ڽҡȻҲãҲƽƽĳˡ̧ͷԴ˿Цһˣ֪ڽһƽƽ
̾ӣġ
~ҡͷ˵Ůӣ䲻ŮӣҲûӡֻǸСˣÿзԾˡ๫ӣȥˣжֻ»˶á
~ȥҽ飬òȴãعʱſڵĴ˶̲סۿ
ϲϽ͵ߺͰɱˣ޵ɫҰףȥ̾þͿģ𿴽ڶãʲôʱҪɱ㣬Ҳһ֮¡ˣѵ봳һҵ
~ãȻūūֻᶺȤѧʲôҵڽʱʲôѧȥ߲ѧ˵Цͷ㡢֬ȻȻūͣȴûһ񣬼һͰˮû˫߹һ·˽ңǳϷжȴŮңϸ룬ҲеӻģͳͳᣬԺŮҲֻǶ˿¶ѡ
׳֮ˣҲ὿֮ˣ޵ÿ̾ȥͲȥ㻹Ҫȥýй㼸ա
~ǲҪֻ
ˣ֮ǰȴŻūֹҶвʵ㵽УһҪ㴫Ÿǲ䡣
~Ըٴν
ֽձ~˫Ŀףݣ˵ЦȻҲڶгˣȴЦˣԽûЦעɫ
Ȼһӣȡһŵݸ
߸ϼվͻһȫҰġеȻҲиζģȴɬѿеġ
~򽪹ȵлɫߺ죬Ȼȥˣ¥ݱȳ˼ٵġزһŮ¡
ЦԽѵõŮ黳ּɣŮ֮仹Ǻֱ׵ģ~һ飬Ҳ
ĽҲͽһϲϱ~ҪͲˣȴϲ~˵Ц¥ȥҲȥˣѽҲˡ
û˱ˣһӣ~Ե𣬾ٵݸһţź󣬲ٽˣлūūˡ
ô۾ʣڽ۸ˣ
~¶Ϊѣһ;òȥˡһ˴񣬡~ա
ڿˡ
Цɣ
Ӧ֮󣬱~ɫ֮ϲɣӽˡ
װ֪ȥ¥ȥȺͽһҵһֱûʰãֻ̫ˣȥæɡ
~̴Ӧˣ¥ȥҽȺͽڡ¥¥½ȵЦҲ¶Цž̾˿
~϶Ŀĵġ
һֱڵ¶ţһ֪һУֻеȱ˳ٽеķݡ
ֻϣȶԱ~ĺøвˡ
ñ~˯Ĵ£Ϊ˺ı죬¯ƽЩѬó档
~ȵĿе˶ڶ¥˯˽˯⣬ȺͽڶһС齣ΪʵϲӴ±ģֻ˯ڵϣϻҪһӣҹܡ
ϲ˯ǰʱ䣬Žڶ¥ȥ컹ű~һܡֱ~óˣºͶ˳ӣ񲻹ʲôûܸˣȻԱ~ҲǺȥ̬ȺöˣΪ~ɡ
Ϩ˵֮󣬶¥һӱһƬڡ
һʼڹֽУһ˯ˡȺͽҲǣϰϢ
ȴ~ǱһֱûƽĺһһҲ˯ֺһʬ塣
~
˲䣬~ŵİѱӵһԣڴǰūūڴˡ
̽һ£ʱȴ̾ԺҲܶ࣬ܶ࣬~µӶǵһμ·صľܾ谮ǰȴһɵżһˡ
ʲôľһ˱
ֻҪһ£²֪ʵ͹ľˡ
˯ɡۡ
~Ծ̧ͷ
˯ɣ˰ҹ㣬˯ȥｪȺͽ¡˸
һ~ȥɺãֱ˯ǰû˯ŵĺ
~סժ¥ÿ춼нҴ˰ȴ뿪Ҫ˵ЦȥŮ¡Ϊ̫̫࣬ĶǶʶæ󣬲ǽ
󣬱~͵͵뿪ժ¥Χתһתмоڿ׼˹ɹȴδڡ
ժ¥кܶŮˣܿЩвٶ˵ﱻһǽ͵ˡ
͵ߣ
ƹóıմͷ˵ǸŮ˺һˮͲˣ˱ȥġ
~Ϣߴˣ˴ŭߺ޵Ҿ˵ūԱ~˵취һūû˵Ļߴȥ
~Ȼɫ԰ףҲᶨĵͷ
˵ԼȥƼ취ùȥ
~ԥ
˾ȵǶܺã˯ߣɣӲԼ㡣һ϶Ӧ
~ܾù־ùȷʵ⣬ҿŮˣӦǸˡ
~⣬ȥ󿴵Ⱥͽڶ棬Ҳڣ˶¥
ϣ档
ÿһ˶ͬˣ뷨ܺܿоֻй˫۾͸Ĺ⣬ôҲ͸
ҪʲôʲôͷһҲ²ʱҲ¶͵Ŀ⣬ȴһָҲûʱãǲǡࣿȴûڹܵӡ
һʲôأ
¥صĽŲһǱ~أ¥ʱôŲ¥ݶĽŲִһ˿ɡ
عͷ~
~ģǰ˵Ҽ˵ðǰ˹ȴˣ
һ֣֣𣿡
~Ȼòȳϸ裬ҲΪͣפ
ע⵽ɫ潪̾һȻҲýȵĺøлõرʵҲðɡ
ô᲻ģú֣uǰһʱôû˵Ԫ߶˸˵£
~ҡͷǶ̧֪ͷ˵ܲȥ
ͻȻЦˣ~һ㶣˵ȻԡҪϲ˵ôܻرʲôأ
~ֱŹУ鶼ˣֻʣִһ˿ֵҲ˵½Ϊѣҽΰ°ɣ£нʢ£н˵¡ʲôʱ˵꣬ʲôʱȥ
񿴵˾úʱ塣


55 ΰ
~ڵϣͷŵأֻҲͣͷأҰͷ̧
ȻĵüžȴԸܵĿ־밧
ΰ˿ǳаһֱ˸ϳšˣ~⽯ңԭ˵Ĳ𣿡
~žž઴ڵϣţҡҡͷԲ̧
ʲôҲ˵ʢ׷ңҸпܰҼ޸
~һ£΢΢̧ͷ
˵ֻ˽һĸףЩ¡û˸ҡ
⻰˵һһ١ʢֳӶзuһٸģĻ£пܽǰ
뿼ǵֿܡ
һ룬ϣͨ˵õһ㲻һϢ
~̧ͷŵСһ˫ۣչ˫ۣôСѵһԽҲ𣿡
ֱ~ԽҵҳҲ䵽ˡӦáǽ˵ĽΰϣŶ˵ôܡ
~žֱҲźʹصĹ絶ͷĿ־ƺͽˡ
ȴڴʱʲôҲ˵ˣֻڴĹЦʱ콲һʱһ
ԡʲôҲԲԣ

УҲ˵뿪֮һɱ˽룡˻Ҳ֡ԡ˰ͽҲΪ߰ɣ
ͷڱ~Уʹһ㿪˿ڣ߹ܴܲӦūūñ֪
Ϊ֤
uժ¥ԶԶľͿǸʶĿı~ڶ¥ȼȴһ¥¥¡վסţ˵Ӳȥ𣿡
uҡͷת뿪
Ϊ鲻ã˹ȰףէգһʱҡӺβȥѵ˹ӣῴ𣿡
uʧЦ⸧Լɫʴˣǲˣ
æ佱uɫˣؼҲżգ׵˶˸ֵװˣ
uЦ
uصֳǺ˵ľ׵˿ѷҵż̤ƽˡ˵ӪǰһԵ£ӭش
ʤuҲҹӡΧ׷½أҺиҪ׷󡱣дǼ󣬾˼ҴͷҲӭȢ˼ǻǲҪ˷ʱˡ
Ӫȴѷuйȥѵһ̾͸£Ϊ˲ȢҺ÷ϢҴҸŰѷu
u뿪ҺѾм첻ȥժ¥ˣһȥͿǸūһ
ؼҺȥף󸸣ΣΰǲϽ𣿡
ײΪȻûȥǸȴȥ
uڹĳūǽˣ
׵˵ǽո𣿡
ǽˣôʢһҲżuü
бһۣuô
׵ߵ֮꣬£ɻǵã

֮Ůȥ䱦ŮֵͱˣϽ˽硣˵׾Խ֮УӶʡİ
uĿɿڴ棿
档׵ͷǽʢҲģȢ
վֵûһˣŪң
ʢܵһԣ˶ͷһʪɧˣٿչޣȻҹʵ̣ˡ
ʢеɵڷ˵һû£˻ҹ֣϶˳ǵҵģȫҶˣȻôţ
ʢŭӿӸô󵨣
ʢһͳ
ʢͷ£վֻһˣȴһѳꪣꪼŵ棬֮ң
ʢЦ´ˣת常ڲˣ㸸ڲˣվһŮ˵ǰͿ´ˡ
벻ԣꪼ⽥̧ߣֱָʢǼ⡣
ʢЦң
δ䣬һǰꪼֱ彯ʢţʢæܣԱжʣһܿâٻʱҶˣѪֱ
ʢҪŭȣȴƵꪷ˻ȥ
վǰЦֻһ䣺Ϊβ㣿
ǽ롣ǽ糤ӡǽμֻҪߣΰͲҶԳƽ֮
ʢֱٶ
ɡƿꪣɨһۣȥ
ռ⵶ſڣһŹϡ
벻⣬վڴǰԶûУ

ĵû£תͷϵĴ˺Ů̺ˡ
Ůڵϣ׳ŵ˾䣺⼸һֱʱ~ʱ~Ǳ䲻÷ա
Ŵ˵~ȥˣ
ˢƿһԲԲ̱ۡǡⴽһ֮£ĶҪˣԶԡ
޵һµϡ
˺һɾٿüԶ״
üۻְѱ~𣿣
벻ۿˣ˻ɱ˶ùˣ
뿴ֿˣſڴϣŵô֪~ôģⲻãڽҾͺ𣿡
ô˵ʢ뿪𣿡е㾪ȡ
~ڽ˵˵һֱܽšͷ˵ʮʱ֮ʢÿֻڹʱ
ʮ꣬ǽʢҲʮֲ꣬˷ǲȢޡ
ΰĶأʡ
~ԥһ£˵ʵĶమ裬ʢ⣬Ů࣬ԡԲġ
磬ΰĶӻһʢǳɲŵģĶūͲࡣ
ôأȢܶѵЩӶû
~Ӱ㼷һ䣺֮ӣԹһ
һ²ŻȻ򡣽ΰԼģȢӶǰĺӲ⣬ԵȻֻнʢһ𳤴Ķӳɲˡ
Խ࣬Խ׽ΰǸʲôˡֻ֪ΰΪŷ磬ҪὯҵҲӶ࣬Ӷ࣬ȴֻнʢһ˳ɲţ˵ǽѽʢͽһԵʣȥҲǽ⣬ȻڵʱΪ˸·ŰѽʢϡȥϸʢĳɾҲΰ
ȴýëȻʢ뷨һ֪ҰĶǿϵģΰȴ¡
߽룬Ҫ𣿽أ
ôӣuΪʲô֮ǰһֱûʲôʱ𣬷uٸ˵ҵˣ
ϸ䡭ӷ뿪󣬷uҲûˡ


56 
~ģΪһ׷ʽҵ£֪ΰʢ˭ãȴϲŮ£֮£żҲ˵һЩϵ¸Цãã˵
Ȼ¾͸Ҫˡ~ʱͼǵǸͷССȴŭˣʱоǻħǶʱֻҪ˵ˣ굽¡ȥĴʱŵŽҲ꣬ʱЦͿʼ˻ˡ
˾͵Ǹ˵Ǹء
~пԲһֱ͵͵ҵġ
ĵת˵𽯼Ҵ˵£û뵽ȻҲ⣬ýζ
ԭȻƺΰΪˡ˵ȴū˶Һũ˵ĺӡ˲֪˶ǶģǸ߾˲ˣ
һʦƼܵ⣬˾ͻǼұĸӴ˸ˣһһҲ뿪
Ĵմԣ~ΪԲǽĶǼҲҪһԲġ
壬ϲøߴСʱһͺ£Ҳϲҡ~Щʧ˵ϲ˶ϲҲһʹĵͼ׷򣬾ȻֻǷϸˣųûߡ
ΰĴɱһΪɱˣɱһΰͰѴ˸ǰնɱ֮һҸ״ȴ˵ǿŶ룬ȫҶɱˡ
~Ǹ˺ܻǻáɺ¸
ÿ˵˵Щ£һܿ͹ȥˡ~ڵҴߣֲ֪Լ㲻ǽ˽ҵ¡
ǽ𣬡ǺãҾʹȥֻǡ´ű~
~ŵūūﲻ𣿡Լ⸱ò
ҡͷʵҲȷԪ~ʲôӦ
˴ô˵أ
~ԥūūȻֱ桭˵˹ֲ֪ȥ
˾ôԼһͣѵԼȥºѵûӦˣ
~ؽǡǸˣǮû
Сʣǲū
~˸£Ŀ
ūԸϵ
ڶգүܸǸ졣
Ҳˣߵʵţſ˵к棬ָܸϵ̥ġ
¸ᱡ˿һһ࣬˷ܵչʾūūӣһ飬߶ӻ
ɫǼȥºǼɫһӺͬϸؿҲһɫǼƯˣһ·Ϻ󣬴˰һֱڽ棬Ȼܽ߶ȴܷ㣬ȣȹӾȻȫչ˵ҲһƯ
Ϊ°ڴԵʰɡ
ø⾫£˰죬ԭǡ١顢ӡļ֣ͼ
ʱ治~ȥǽȺͽָ¸¡
ʺҪʲôʹ͡澪ϲֻҪūūūūΪ£ūūԲҪʹͣ
ٸ·ɡôĲƥѳɽˣĲȥá
ȥº·ϣǰѽȼȫߡһֱ뵽ˮ棬һֱǽ˽ˮܣһˮ
~·ˮµūū
˱ˣķȥ¿ɷˣرǵºе˶ڿ~ϵĽ
£ȾһɡΪⶼʲô˵Ǳı~
͵ſڹǶЦָָ㡣˵
ǹǳūˣ
ҲͶá
丸
ô統͵ǽûã͸ūҲòѵʰǣ
˽ҡͷЦԡҡ
ȥм뿪ˣԸĳūһҡҲк뿴һж谮ǰ˵û˸ɴԡȥʵڽš
ΪԪ̨󣬵ڲҪʹӣ֣֣ʳеŮūڹߣԼȻ˷̡
ĹŮȴְɫְܣ͵߲ܡ˲̾ҡҺֻŮˡ
ڣºûʲô˶ɳֱ롣ǰñ~£Ȼǣű~߽ȥ
Ԫúͷʢһ𣬵лˣһȺ˵ÿģͻȻ嶣žͼһСǣһֽ
Сǹһ
ǣòףͷ·һƵģݱӣǱյǰһϸ֮󶼴ҡͷ
ʢһ۾Ϳ~ĥȿڣԽδ˽
˵³ԡ
һӷӦѧ븸ۡ
̫ƯˣҴ
˵վӲ˱~һ£ڶŽʢĿı~ЩæվȺûעͱ˽Ԫǰ
ԪЦչ˫ۣǰһԳű~𣿡
ԪЦɨ˱~һ۾תֻۣ˶Խ˵ô˾Ͱѵˣ
װӣֻЦ
ԪһֱûרŽ̽³ԣϻڴ˵˵³ԺЩԾ֪Ƿuľˡڿ³ԻЩͨ˳һЩ򵥵ľӻ˵ȴ̫ӵġ
۽ʢѽת˸Խʢ˵Ƿ빫ǽλ
ûӦ
~ΪⵡˣǺ½ȹڣͽʢ
Ҳ÷Ӫ˵Ļмֵ㲻֮תһòԽе˼˶ֹĪǷҲϲ
ʢûԽʹʲôһֱǶŽԪʹⲻӣһЦ֮Цǲϲĳ
תͷſԪϣһɢӡ
ʢϵЦˣһʱѻȸ
ԪֻܿŽڽǺЦƺʲô̬û
ֻб~ԱŵɪɪûӦ׳ˡ
ʢûһŽ~߿ŭ˵С˾ȻҲҵͬ裡
Ԫæ£Ϣŭû˵ڣΪȻǰŽʢһţݺݲĽϣ
ʢǲѥȴľ죬СȥҲ۵ģʢˣŽš
еղŷʱͱܿЩʱЦ
嵽~ߣѪһ飬֪ղŽʢǳȥģ~ȴıܿһţֻһ£޴󰭣ĶԽգգ۾Ȼ۾װ
˿ֳֹؽԪץϵĲյ¯ͳʢȥʢŻţֲȥץֻܶܡ
ѽԪæȥץ֣ȴ񲻸Ҷֻ֣ҺҶŭŭ
ǡýץ¯һף¯ڵϣȴ˽ʢһͷһǻϡ
ڿڣЦ˶Цʢ뷢ȴȥˡ
ԪһʧɫӣסӰڻԽʢ񣺡СƤ֡
Ѿ˼ץסĸ첲ҲƲѧŴУԪҲˣҶŭŭ
ȥʢͳɸЦˣһ˦ˡ
ߺ󣬵е˲ŴЦ⽯ʢʱᣬ˶ȴҪڽΰʱ󣬸
ԪҲȥȳˣԼЦͷ彪Ҷŭɫ㡣
źá
ԪЦǾɫ
ոշһ㣬еˣ̲סֻ֪ɫ֪ǣǷף
ֹ֪ǣҲ֪ǡӪԷ˵ʲôʱȥˣͿ͹ȥˣõʹһȥһ˵Ͷȥˡ
öŴ˵Ҫѧѧǣ˵Ӧõˡ
ԪҲǲ֪ԼĶ̴ͻȻһͷӦõġԷ˵빫ָ㡣ͷ·֮ǣҶףʵڲܶǸĲźá
ĿҲϽ˵ȻùڴǰѧϰдڣعͲẦˡ
Ԫϲ˾ͺã
ûнˣԪӣܵ~ӸղžڵϣߣС˵ͷΣͷۣ
~İ֣򰤵öˣװ˺ĵá
Ԫ˵֮󣬷ʹҴҸˡοʢˣҲᵽºǷӪ˵ģĽʢڱȴôһأЩ˶Ҫˡ
һߣԪԺ˵ҲûʲôȤǸūߣ֮ҲҶ˵ʲô
~۾һֱǰգ㽪ԪҲû¶šװ˵ı¹Ȼһİ
ؼ绰˵˵Ҫʵ
Ԫ˿ȣҲڱ~ߣСʣкңܵ߱ͲڿȻ밵
~СҼ˽룬ԸΪЧͣƾߡ
Ԫӵ֪ˡı~
~ץס֣Ԫֱֻ壬һ㣬Ҳûзſɱ~ץš
~Ŭ̧ͷҼ֮ãǰΪǱ빬У֪䣬
ԪūŮӣ֪̾ˣһһġ
~ϲᣬЦ绨
Ԫ̾ΪʲôѴͽժ¥ܴŮҲᱻԻˡ


57 ͬ
ūúԶһ졣
ԪЦֽ
ūתڵϣˣôˣ˵Ͳˡ
ԪѾĥ죬һʼ̽ʵȰˣҪһڽҿΪ˵ˣһҪøһġ
ƫƫʱūҲûȥֻūȥһ
ūԸ⣬ǧټƵȰ˵ǽСҪôȵͷ˵Ȼû͵˵ҲҲ԰ˣôʱˣҲġ
ԪһҲ벻ϣһ߾ȰȰһȥһһأ
ϾãһŮӣҪ͸ˣŮ˿ɲӢ֮١
Զֻǵ㡣
ԪҲŵΣߵūߣ˸Ҿ
ūߺߵķŭĳȥˡ
ҹūýһˡ
Ԫû˯ڴϱۣѾ˯ŵӡֱһūͽôڲŻȴʣȶԽҶˣЩӲˡ
˵ˣȸж־ϲ˼
ūʱɵúܣԪýϣֿ˵ֶˡв˿ڡףԪ̾Щç򡭡Ҷܿˡ
ūȥȡˮԪָϴ˫֣ҩʽԹû
ૣô˵ǰձɽƮһɳ˹ŷھƹһûǮǮȵԺĳԼǽ˵³ԣͰ͵ľͱ˸˳ȥ
շЩˣûһġ
Ϊ²ٻˣֱԭԼʱūȥһ͵ˣǸ۵Ůˣ˲ȥ˭ΪʲôūҪ͵͸Ͻȥˡ͵ūͰ
ֱԪǰŻô򵥣ͻˣ
ڵôãⲻΰɡ
ūȥһ棬ֱֿýԪ˶ҪЩûˣЦ˵ǳȥһ˶ˡĽ
һϽǰū
Ѿеˣ渡һİɫͻȻǳԽ˵붼벻ʳ
Ԫ˸棬˵ǳ԰ɡ
ūһץԼߣŹغ
ԪֻЦʹҲѧūһüȻȥǹū۽鵽ܣΪһ׷
Ԫûĸֻ᲻ͣȰǣҪˣԣҪˡ
е˴һʼȥһ㱻ӵһ
ūѳԵ˿ʼʳӵ
СĶһ¡
Ԫɫūͽ˵ȥ԰ɣҲҪˣ˯ɡ
ãȻΪԼղŴֵ̫ýԪ죬ūͰѱ͹ţȥˡ
°Ԫװӣߵߣڸ⿪ȻȥϨ˵ƣڴϣ߰ɡҪκˣȥɡ˸ȥǸ
ǽŵĻӲҲҶˡɲ֪ȥãʼ
һ˵ġҪߣȻӲˣ
һֻ֣̽ȥڣȻȥ䶯šСԶһֻӣзʮֻɫ档
ɵ˿ڿˮ棬ҧһھк֭ܶˮһܺóԡ
ʱ䣬ԵĶЩŮʩĶʱһıʱǰǵˮǸ˲Եģ˵˲ԶҲܻͲˡ
Ǯ˿ÿζÿ˸ſǳǮûֲ̫࣬ðˣֻôһֱϸԵˣ㶼ǮôٻǮأ
ЩŮȰЩˡ
ʱ㣬׬Ǯ˾Ϳϸ㷹ˡ
ЩĵŮˣԼϦÿճԵķҪôȴһֱڱмŮڿǮ棬ԼҪ쵽ǿͷЩ˿ãᣬƯӸһǮɡ
Ը⣬ЩŮû취ֻ͵͵ʡһʳǲˣ
ûİˣô᲻Ը⣿
ÿʱᣬҡҡͷ˦ϡ
ûУûİˡֻֻ֪赣˿赣ֻΪͳȥһûϵļˡڣܲ˶ڵˣΰǲġ˵ڱǰᱻƣҲ޷˵
һŮǲڵȼ㣿
ҴǸŮ˵ӰɣӻؼҡʵݵһֱǿŵģŮûһߵģֻһֱס
ûмˣܻؼңӰɡ
ȻŮ˾һֱ͵͵ʯͷĥסӣڻûĥ֮ǰһͻȻǽװˡ
Ϊ⼸ȴֳǮ˹͵͵ֱū
ŵһҲҶȴû뵽ֻص
һһСĿǱߴϱˡǸһֱûתǲ˯ˣ
ץһ棬̲סץţվܣվסԥĻعͷŴϵˡ
ǲǴ
ǴǼ
վԭأӿֳ˿뽯Ӱе
˿˵ֻֻܽнˣǲп¹ӣ
˵ҰͽȥҪô˵ô㡣
ǵᱧ˿Ҳūڵ֣ʱһμΪѧ裬վڵǰһ仰Ҳ˵
ӵ˵ﳤ񡣡
ﲻǵܶ˶˵һ
ϣ㲻ҪһֻԼģǱ˸ġ˲ãҪսԼ˵
ƶǶȴ˵ҪѧԼģΪ޵޸ѧģļңĸԸҵŮ
ԪһëӯĽŲ뿪ۣһŲֻˣĴǰһʪܵˮ
̴ơ
ԪͷһľɽһζŮ԰סѪɫԴˮ⣬ؿҲˮͷҲʪܵµˮ
ղȥϴͷϴˡ
е˵ҵ뽫ҽ޳ȥҽҶԸ⣬Ը̺ǽã
Ԫʣ˭
ϲüңϵҽǽ֮ŮҸȡΪ˿
磬Ժʿ
Ըͽ㣬һ̴ͬСʹ㲣֮


58 ֵ
ӽº󣬱~ԲƺȥºһʣûҵΪһҪ󣬿ȴˣΪȥ˽º˵𽯼ҵ޹˼ɡ
ΰûȤĶȻҲ̬죨
ϴʢϻؽڽºֻһ棬Ҳܿ˱Ĳ˵ı컹ߣ϶ϴ֡ʵУһ̬ȣؤҲʸ񿴲вŻ˵רʢԲŻȨƽͺᡣ
ڱ~ʢǽΰĶɲŵһˡ
ΰĶӸʢ꣬ʢȥǰճǽΰĵڶȢϲһȢǰһŻϹˣϹֵܽҲΪ˳ƵģԻ顣
ӶŮΰҲһҽáԵڶӣĿǰĵĸӣһġ
ڵļǻŮӣ׵ܣϧһ纮Ͷˣܲ˴ҲһغŮ޷ңٷһɷǰһһŮɷȥˤˡּɷĵܵܣɷ˽ĺӡ
ΰĵһӾǻŮӸһɷŮĵڶӣǵڶɷŮ
֮Ϊͬ˲رܡڶӼ޸ΰ󣬶ԽʢҲͨͨԼĶʮֳ谮ϧãڶʱѲ
ΰȢãᣬΪӱĸ̵ùڽݣܲ˺ӣԶʱѧſڽΰȡ֣󣬸ϲŮ˽еʱӴŮˡ
ΰ̩ȻϵŮȻŵòᡣ
һһŮӾͱӽ̻ˣһſףɻ£ʱ֪ǱݺҲڣ»ػǶһо͸ܡΰ䡰ɼ
޲ź󣬽ΰȥȢСһŮŮֻһŮȴĿǰΪֹúúõġ
ȤҲڼ¾ǣſ塣
ʮŮӹԣ¶壬ԣ򳪻~˺ɬ˵ʱɫ糣ýԼǲˣ˼˵˼ֻǵ尮ߡ
ôһȣʢſˡ
ҲΪʲôʢôţˣֵܣԺһҲ
~Խʼ֪޲ԣҲӻ˼ˡʼָ㽪Ⱥͽô¡ͷýҴȡ٣ҹ¹
ڸ̨ʱɳˡ
ͳû٣Ҳuһýҵ٣ȫյҴ򽪼ֱͽôȡɡ
ʱӸסҡѽưںá
ȻأʡӸסָһô
˰ӷ£ڽǰҲһ٣ͻȻͶˣ˫ɰ
ȻʼˣһߵһߵԼȥѧҪʱūūΪǡ
˵ǻһʼҪȡɲŷչˣϵֶġ
̾~ɫصģūūǲõٵģūūġ
ˡƿ춼ˣֻͣᵯ123ĵزҲ˵ͲܳڵҶֻأᵯˣѾˡ
ֻǻᵯú֮䣬Ԩ֮ء
סժ¥֮ŷּ֣ջΪӮ̾ȴʲô˲Ķкܴ
ѧɡ
~˵ڶýһƥţһ~ֱӰﵽһ¥ڡǰ¥жûʵܣƥ߽ʵܵж󣺷һƥۡ
~ڵѧɹѧ
ţһܳ棬һֱΪҪôֻкڡסɫͿ֣Сơ
ƺܴҲ󣬸һꡣ~˵ǸŮ˺Сģ
ƶ˶Ѻã㱻ڱҲֻܾڽȥβʱǱ~ܵÿ죬Ѿˡ
˲ŵñɫ~ҲǣҪɱƣ˵һҪɱġƺҲ֪ԼˣѩڵĵذϣĴ۾ͣӿ
ȺͽڶŻˣŵôޡ
ع֮󣬰ѽץϸϸһȷû£һѵõĻᡣ
ղҸ˵ʲô
ʵģҪվ󡣡
أ
ҪƨɡƱû
ûΪʲô㣿˵ڽ˵ʱǰͷ˵˵ѣ˶òģľģٵľǼٵġ㲻վ󣬲βͣ㡣
ѽתʱ˾㣬Ѿˡſߣˣͺһһ
ǼǵõģļпѾģˣǸҹǸ񵽿ˣǲͣϸǵµĻ䡣
˻ܵ߱סߣߣߣ
ΪѵĿ򽪼ͷű𽪵ܿ
~ĵĿƣվȥõ߹ȥ̧ͷĴ۾밧
Ҳɱġȥ§ƵĴԴϴ۾ԽԽ٣ɱ˾ˣΪʲôҪɱأ
ƴĺڣͷϥϣɵò˼顣
~ΪЦæѵ£һĹôСôϻۣҲǸ˰ɡ
ԺͲˣԸڹ
ȥ䣬˵ȥºĿյϣ롢̴ûʱ򶷡Ǯ˻Լʳ·Ь
ȫಲɹú
Уڸһ˱ԡܹȥʱΪʱԲá˯ãµȵߣһȥһţū𣿿
һʼߵܿ˵ȭźץסԼĳìˣһ˲ŷԼˣҲսЦʲô˶ˡ˵վľ޽ȥ
սӮͿڸ˴򶷣Ĭתˡ
սԺĴ֪ʱūǡ͵͵ȥժ¥ūͰѽ˽ȥͻһҫ·Ȼ͸ū˹
ǰûû¿š
֮ͲҽŬĥգкܶոǿˣʱҲº֣ͳû͵ʦѧ˵ʽ
쿴Ҳȥˡ
˭֪һˡ
ڳرϴԡºˮиȪۣȪˮ峺͸ЩԺԡŢ
ҪǴǣҲٳºҲô
䣡ܹȪۣѵ·ȥҲһȥĺӣҪôҪǣĻǺӸڻǺӼˮ˶ᱻϵʿ
Ѿܾûϴˣ
ϴţһ̧ͷȴˣϽ䣡ǽ䲻ᣬȥ׷Ͻ䣬һץסڽ㣡Ϊʲôװ
ƵڵأȥĶˣ
һӽӲˡ
û˵תߡ
׷ȥһ䣺ա˭㲻ڣ
һ֪˵ʲô˦֣ҲڣȥҲ㣬ֵܡ
ϲɣ治ң
֡ҡͷֻ㣬Ϊʲôһ仰
£ƺס
һ˵ʲôζתˡ
׷ס˵䣬벻뵱ǿԻ㵱


59 Ǯ
꽪Ļһ䣺ȥ𣿡
˶нҵϷ룬ڶһЩ˵ԶǰΣһЩ˵ȴǿŬһѵʵ
俴ͺȥɣЩԥ
ԼڹҡҡͷһҪͷ
ʵܼ򵥡˵ʱԻعÿϻԷС
һ㶣˵ſڻûء
ŵˣĿǰΪֹŴ󳨣˽
ֻu~ɹֱڹҲûץסɱͲڵӦûûԵ⹬ֽ磬Ժĺ󹬣ȥѵĶҪץסͷ
Ȼʷб˵С檶˯˯ô̹
ͽ䶼˹˼άǰҲͽֻ¿ᱻ򣬽ȥû˴Ͳٽˡ
𣿡仹е㵨ӡ
ظ˵ǹҪ㣡ڲ֪֮кöãժ¥ÿ춼ܴһˮһ̫һǺܻšͷռˡ
ⶼǱ~ġѾժ¥е˶ˣժ¥ЩǻȥŮҲշˡ
׺ҲǸǵġ
ȻЩԥҲɵ֮ǰܵô죬ֻĻҲ浱󽫾ġ
׺òһ֪ˡ
˵ˣһһӦǱ˺ˡ
ʲôֻһңʲôҲûеģҪǲʿҪأ˵Щ˯ֵģԼ˯֣϶ûǮЩ
ûǮ˭Դɰ
Լ벻ȥˣҲûи˸һ·쵽⣬ָЩӦշʿ⣬ʲôҲû
ŭӿսȭͷžžū
ԽȻʧ֪ū۸Ҳҧгݡ
ƽһ£ʱū˵ȥӣҪһ㣬ԽԽá
콪䵽һ¥ý㿪һӣָĲƥ˵ЩȥҪö٣ȥӰɡ
~㽪棬͹˵԰ӳȥ𣿡
ǵһμ~ͷüһǸ𣿡
~ָΪŮҲһҾūūūūǹ̴ӡ
Сʽļģ
ҡС˵
ͷѽһС˵ã˷ҵˣ½ҵˣŹƽ
ԼĶ䣡һǰ˵ֻھȻҲˣ
˵仳С˵ҶҲҪСġҲܸˡ
~˵ǺõķӣǾҪǮǺõķӣԼǵĻֻҪѡеط󣬰һƬ˶߾Ϳˡ
ˣռطԡ˵
ľһҲѵڷǣռ
û˹𣿡ѵ~ݺ
~⣺Ҫ԰ӣΪʲôҪܣ
ҵأ˵Ҳ̫֪͵͵ǣԺĳȥ档
ֵҲУ~⣬ܶ˶в֪¡ǾҪлˣȻᱻƵġ˵
ԭ
˿绹ǿʳǿȨȭͷһС
~һһȥˡɴϰᣬľȥ˵ɴһƥҲ͹ˡһƥǿ˷ס
ְ֪͸ɴ󣬲ڵļ֯͸Ĳζ˿߱ϸ֯ĸܣôһ룬ȷʵֵǧ
ʱڡǲǲ̫ã
˾Ҫס˵Ⲽôãȥ̣жҳϣֿõˣҲԸǡ˷ƥɴȥѡҪǷӵĵط󣬲ҪˣԸǮǰǷӡ
~ԱţȵĶ˵ЩΪʲôҪǮǸǷӣǷӣ
ʯ塢ľͷʲôģܻҪֵġ
~æ˵ýɴֻҪ˵Ըһƥɴ꣬ȻԸΪǷӣֺЩ˶֣
ˡ
ȵĿ~~Լ˵ĻԣȰ˼
ԭ~ȻΪū˼άȴʿ˵˼άȻЩƽΪָⲻĴΧĻȻȻӰĹҪһͨ˾г޵˼뾳硣
ֻԼһΡ
ӱ𽪼һ˹š
ǰţ䣬æǰҾڳơӡӣҪҪƥԼϳҲСǳǺóأӣţɣţ
仹û˽йӣһʱ֪ڽֱε·ǰŷӦһվסţΧӿ׷׵ӣūūԸΪ
ӣ˵ţˣūūΪūūܵñ죡
һ֮£Ȼ͵͵ڳȥӣץסڳϵìͱ˱ͱ粿ȻҲһŤͷܣһѪӡ
ųìˣû⣬Ǹ˵ҪΪ˻ڵԼӲȥϵѪۣΧΧˣ˵ӣūū
ҪһƥͷǸͱˡ˱Ϊţ˿˱˾Ͳˣ俴˶ӣѵһ
أһ֪ǣüڣƯ
ɫͷҲߣǽǺɫءɫͷС̬ý
ɪҪܡû뵽˾Ȼ
ͻȻһססһ߿ˤڵϡ
̵͵֡ȺһƥغɫĸƨɻԲ
ԽЦֻ˳˷ʱĸȥ͵֣ƥ̧㿴û죬Ҳᡣ
Ѿһ㲻̸ղŲԱ߿ӻۣ
̰ƥȥƥĸǣƥӻͳ˽űߡ
˵ϼң˵һĻң˲˵ȰѽĸϵĴӽһɣæָŲ˵ҸĶ
ĸȥҧ˵ӣᡣ
סĲӳҭۿͷҲصˡǰţҲǣϡ
̰ƥ˨ڳϣԽЦֵǰˣֻعȥˣҲóˡϵӣʣ·Ը㣿
ѳͣ£ӣ汧һƥɴ̣Ҹġ
˫ɴظִֹɴȻ·ɴڱϣȻһ֣صСʽ䣺Ҫɱ˭ĳһ֣ĳͽͷϣ
һ㶣ЦǣҸ㡣һ·ϣԮĶ࣬лġ
ˣĬĬűϵɴĬβŵߣĳѣΪˡҪĳūͣĳ˵žҪɴϽס֤û˼̲Űɴתˣ֪ҪǷӣ˵ԽԽʱ°˵֪һط˵շƥѪ·
ϳߵߵˡ


60 ˵
Ǹ޸ĸĹ¶
ڳɽ£ӳûףʱ֪ĸĸסΪĺӶһӶʱֻҪһŮ˱סȣûб߿гԵˡеĵط˯ʱҼȥֻҪû߾Ϳ˯ˣϲȦﱧ˯˸ů͡
ˣڻƺƭߵģѾǲõƭҵʲôˣҲ֪ĸʧٺûʮص磬Ѿʲôûˡ
֪Ӻδѧһ򣬿Ǹߵ˽ģҲǸ֪ʲôѧģЩͳͳǵˡ
ҲǵԼɱˣǵɱһˡǴһֻһһɱһǳǸңǿʲôʲôҳȥɱˡ
ֻһɱˡ
ҲΪһҹɱˣΪŮӵһһ㷢ҲΪӢۺܵһơһ⣬һ·һ˫ѥӡһƥȵȡ
ϲ򵥵ĹϵԼֻԺȣȴҪʲôʱͲΪ¡
ΪǸ£ЩΧˣɱ˲𣿽ȻֻһСȥɱһŮˡ
ɱŮ˵ôܳƵӢۣ
űϵɴ
ҲԼһֻϸôȴûĵطҲк޵ˣҲɱ˰ɣ
˵ĵطһƬլŽȥʱ澪̵ܳܶžһŵ
ҲϣֱӰѳϽ˴ţڣҰݣһ˸ߵҰݶܰǰ̨û
ڽǰȷʵǺܴķӣ˾ÿԸºһϸµĵزǷѾȫˣŴҲȫˣľƵ̨סȫˡ
ҲȫǷ棬վ˷żܿǴӲݴԼһ
ſԲݡƥС͸ĸȻĸߴ󣬴ʱȴСӸĸףĸ׳Ե֭Ĳݾ͹ͷͻԡ
ûܣֻͥȥ
Žת˸飬ĳǰʱţ˵ʮǰҵ˶ˣҲûͳ
￿ΧȻûб˼ңķϺҲûڴֻͣ͵͵
俴һȦӺܶ࣬طܴ󣬼ռһֱ֣ǰֻסһˣ˷ӣڹļҲܺðһֱýסǸʲôժܲ
ڴ˵ظǷ𣿡ǲ
ʣǹҪ𣿡ָųǼ䲼˵ⲻǹ𣿡ȥ˵ЩҲ⣡
Ӫʮ𼱵İѷu溰˻u߽ӪʹҪڹй֪֪
uȻ֪ҲӦ°ڳһʲôļƣӹסòҪй𣿡
ӪüҪιȥժ¥ʲôģժ¥Ĵδһժ¥
uͣ˷̣òҲеġ
ӪЦǰҲ˷̣һ˹Ȼһ¥˶̺㲻Ǹ𣿡
uֱ׳Ůģֻ߶ѡ
Ӫ̾ߣҲźŮǲһȥ𣿡˵͸ˣתȦǡ粻ڣǲӣһܶʲôãһղϲ˾ͿߣŮùû˵ġ
uͷ죬Ӫòᣬ̾һŮӣʲôأ
ӪŭֽãΨһӾڴŮԣŮպգĹ˵³ֻʲôû
Դһ֪ȥȫǺ׾ͻñΪֹĴǲ³ѾһֶλĳҪһϳġĴʱ
uȻ͸øϽѷͽ̵
󣬴һ¾̵ѡǷǡȣ˷Ӫ֮ŮϹΣ̵ĵȻŮΪѣֻƷ¸߹ŮӲ̵ܽʲôΪһŮӦģʲôǲӦģʲôӦøĵģڷҵ˷ǾֻзuˣǴô͹һѧϰƫƫϲuǾֻʣ·
ӪԸŮһͽȥܼ޸ǾֻڼˡΪǽ̵ǽ̵ȥá
ҿɲڽңƺ˥ˣҾͷ·Էհÿ쵽ҰݷõѾˣٵҾû·ˣһ·ԷӪ


61 
ھôš
uȴתѾˡȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻйжղֻ뿴Ǹ~ΪӣȴֻԸΪʵ˲ݡ
뵽ˣuĳȥ˷ס
׶Թйµ⣬u˵ӪתȦʱϲȥ
˵꣬Ь˲ϴȥҷӪˣu͵͵ȥ׸Ӫһ𳤻̾ʱʩԽ볤ƽƷĺӿ϶žǿޣ³뷢԰׵˱ͷʹޡ
uϾƲˣϣһͯҲˣ͵ǰ룬uӣԣȥԡ
ͯվΧŷuתһ˵ֺȾˣҪϴ·ˣӪиëƺ˯ҹ¾ƣΪ±Ǻ˯ģʲôͯÿʱֻһҹ˯Ҫ̸·ٰ·ϴɾĺܷˣ
u̾˿Ӹͯͯһõͱˣuһֻ𣿡
һͯЦĶһӹˣ˱߳ӱߵȣһֱȵʱײֻ̾˻δ֪֪ˡ
Ӫ
ͯ͵Էu˵һǺһ̳ˣ
uҲ͵Сʣôģ
ͯС˵ֿأ
uСʣ峣𣿡
ͯС˵ȵóһ̳ͻءϻؿǿˣԼûӣһ߿һߴԼء
u̾
׷ŷӪıȻͿðǽɡǣԲġ
ӪͻȻվУԣðǽҪùʲôŽкŮӣ
⣬uĬ
ͯѾȥ׼Ӫ滻ˣ˸Ͻ齻Ͼɱ졣
Χȥuƺֻʣһ㣬ɴһףǷһҪ͸ŮӽȥⲻֶΡ
ֻڿǷҵʮеĻᣬҲһչĻᣡ
˵ʲôʱȫ֮ȴܰһ֡׶˵һɹʧˣǷҲˣΪʲôҶ׼һ·أǾ㲻ѵϻʲôܿòµɣպ󲻻ԷŮᣬ³֮ݹꡣβȥʷأ
uȥ˷ǣһŮӵԣӦÿĸˣ˫ʮȴڷңΪһգи˵һŮӵԣŮա
Ϊһ仰еŮӶûа취ٳˡ
u˵ֻ꣬һ仰Ǽϣȥǲȥ
uԼأ󣿻ǲ
ǣѵҽ󣿡
uô˵аա
ǾͲ˵ˣ˺ܳʱ˵Ҳڼ
uͶˡ
ʣµľ˵ӪˡӪ۰ǻȰһ㣬ֻҪȥһˣƫƫ°ѷǼ޸պ󲻿ǷҾͻ׵壬ᱻ˵ǲŮûȰʹ˻ƣֻҪ뵽ĴԣӪԼˣֻ¾ҲӷĹ
һֱ죬Ӫڴҽ֡
׻ط²ݹ³θڵľƣȻŷҩ¡ҴҸڴϣˣһøϽȥҽߣһŵ˵Ǳôˣþư
׵ͷż
ŷˣһʷףӦˣ
Ӧˣ
׻˵ͷϣһ£Խˡ
Ӫ֪֮ģܾһ˴ȴ޷ʵĻرֻ»Ǿҡβһ֮λҲܰģҲܸһ
תͷԷ˵ȻðŰһ޽ɡ
Ƿ֮Ůuһأͳ˷顣Ϊ˶˼uԳΪҪжŮӡ
ǰ
ɲԵʱ򰡡
ֻûȥȰŮ˶ã䣬ȴתͷףʵҪȥҾȥ
֪־򣬰βŵίҶˡ
ĨϵᣬͷǷӣҪʲôҾʲô޵Ҿһģ
u˵ºģ䣬ֻǰת뿪ˡԽԽ죬ź
ҪҲ뿪ģҲշ룡ҲǷӣ


62 ժ
Ѿˣ
ûÿع˵ӸǺˡ
Ǻˣ죬ˮ඼ûɰɡ
ԣûˮࡣʣʲôǵģôǵģ
Ȼ˵ԭһܴլӣֻǽˣӶûݶˮȫˣǰԵͻʲôģúܺá֮ݶݸǽٰȪڿעˮٻŴͺˡ
Ҳô찡
ֻһӡ˵Ǽ㹻סˣҰݺ󣬴ȪۣȪˮҲѾѳˣˮҲˣصв֪ںʱӣȻҲðѿ
⡭һ㣬ǡ
˵˵ϲľйԶľͷġ
Ǵժ¥İɣ
ľҪõڵˮƽ˵ѵùһԵٴɽΪⷿһǣôҲҪһ꣬ôʱҲ㹻Щϴ򿪾ˡ
ôʲô
ʧ
ȴ˷ܣû£Ҳûôĳɾ͸С
ͽ̵Ǹլլռһ֣ǰҶûھӣҲû˸Ҷú磬ʱǰɽɱܡôҲǵļҡýǰ˯Ҳġ
ô죬˵ԽԽá
ĳа취˵
˾ͼųſڣȻû̷е˶Ҫǡ
ǣȴеӶ򿪣վڳ𣺡ժǹйЩǱ꣡ΪԼܽժǹй͸ɣ
һժǹ֮߿ˣҲǣ̾ﺰ˴죬Ȼ֣ǰˣ˵³λ֣˾֪ûȤ
̱ʲô֣˵кܶ࣬˵ϲɴԴ˺಼ܶ
̱㵱ӣý䱧һƥɴչЦܱȵϴ
֣˴󾪣̵ǹԳл֮˵лɴ˴ƥ
֣Ҳ˵Ĳתȥҽ䣬ݿҪʯľģĴպôţ׼˻֣ժǹҪǳԸ
͸ңɴۣһ֣ͨҲҪ
˵ҸӵġǸ֣˵ȷʵҪͣ׷ϣһӵˡ
˿
ֻվ˰죬֣ĴĥõʯľģһĽˣ˵Ҳһ³ˣӶˣλ϶¹ģ
ȻԺҲúôһ˵ǳǫʴȣڹŮ˶ǻعסժ¥ĹպգûΡɫܣҷ̵⣬ն˫֣
˱ģһڣǷӵֻһԼˡ
ǷӾôˣЩ˴ӼѾõŰ塢żȵȣȫ
ģþеǸ˵Ҫ֤˴õĶģ֪ĻǼٵģͺ
˵Ǽ˸˵µūͣʲôã޸ġȻֻһ϶ҪǱİɣʱͿʱˣ
Ҫȥ𣿡ڴ
Ķˣһʱԥһʱ־þ㵶پҲһɵĻᡣοԶôصʱ˵ҲԣԪӦò⡣
룬̲סͷҵͳȥڲԶŽֵĽȺͽˣʱһȥ
Ļص⣬լѾˣǰʯ类ɨɾӲݶˣ·ϵҰݶεˡǰԭ׭żֵʯѾˤƬҲˡ
߽ȥʯ
һ׳һʯͷ𾢣æƣڵϣͷŵ˵ūūӡ
ǰһѽ׳ץ̧ͷʱܿͻ
ʯ˵ܶˣöתȥǿʯ̵ֿúܴ󣬱ԭǿˤĻҪöࡣ
ôô󣿡ʣʲô֣
ʯ˵ժǶ֣Ϊǿ̸İ


63 벻
ūܽºֻͨľ£ڹһǣԪ£ȻͬһȴúԶ
̧ͷһ۾ĳȥˡ
ūܵԪߣС˵Ӫˡ
Ԫֽһ£תͷ˵һ˽ģ
ūҡͷһ⳵
⳵Ԫûϥǣ˷Ӫ˭
зū˵˶۽Ԫɫһת˵ҪҪȥ̽һ£
ԪЦ̽
ūЦ˵а취ֻҪžˣ˵ղȽԪӦ˳ȥ
ԪֻҡͷЦ̾⺢ӡ
ˣԪŸҷüͷ壬ȻӪˣǾ˵Ѿ˾
Щʱûڹ£ҲûֻƬūʱ͵˵ֳѾ˺֣ܶˡκ˺ˣЩͨͨ˵³λġ
ÿÿҹĽƷ١Ѿٵȥˣٲ֣һɣھ֮˶³ĲֻԽԽֻ࣬ǻмõģµǻУܻ³ǽʵѪ
һ˻޷֮ˣ
Ԫ⼸˺ܶ࣬ҵʱֻҪһŮӽͿˡпɣ̨˵ϻ
һһ취ƿңȴεһһƷ֧ȵŵΨһǱڻҰĸҳж̹׵ʱ򣬴˿Ѿ̨ˡ
ʱⲻԶ˻˵ļū쵽˰ɣ
Ǿͻһʱ䡣
е
ڲһ׳ŵӽȥ뽪ԪԶĵطū
Ԫ
̧̽ͷԪüĿ価۰ͻȻˣ
˿ܹķ˴ʱҪʲôһֱٴɫȴᡭ
߽̽Ԫߣϡ
Ԫ۱ס˵㵱Ըһң
æ̧ͷþȫϡе˵Ը⣡Ը⣡
Ԫƭң
˺󣬹£ͷŵ棬ūһūū̴һһʹһ𣡡
Ԫůַļͷһ˿ɣ㲻𣿡
ﻨһճԱơֲڵֱָ˰
Ԫջ֡
Ĳϣϸ׵ĲڣŶ̹¶˵ūū󲻾ãĸ׾ȥˡūūСòű˴ǿūūպΪ㡢Ϊҳūū˵ʱѧ裬ڵذˤһǧΡһΣûˮҲܺһڡūūСƯѡĻūūûһ첻¡
Ư۾͸ľȻĹ⣬ܽԼˣǻẦ¡
ūū̴Ԫߣͷūū䵽ĵطȥֻūūܻȥòֻء
ԪḧϾ΢ЦȻʹŻȥýɡ
һ£ԪȻǿЦæվûͷӬһܣͻȻɲסţܣӲųȥˡ
Ԫմϵˮ˦һ¡
ˮԱߵߣͻȻԶиūϽſڵϣһˡ
ūˣкܶ۵ŮˣͷŽᣬŽţеû»ȹӣеı˰ڵϻеı˲ϼˡ
ǱһͣţڵأŮڳͷ·ģԱ߻ˣһ¡
ﵹһ˲ϻᱻ֣վɿˣںǱ߻һ
ˣҪ׷ˣסŷǺͷ뿪ʱʰ룬ɲ̾˿̽ʷӪҪҪҸطʰһ£
Ӫȥʰժ¥
ûü˵ӪߵǸһϲǺͰô죿
ȻҲɵӡһ˵Թɡĺӣȷʵܴ󣬷uǰٰޣԶʤ丸׶ϻ۵ĺӣƭԳִϻۣʱҲķuİӡ˵ʱɽϣûйԼݵԾڻص̨󣬲ҪԼй֣޼ɵµʲôģ϶ˣһ˵Ҳ˳ˮۡ
СףСĺҲ֪ḸĸֻһֱǸкժ¥֪һҪһĵܵܵġ
ͷ
ߵˮǰˮӰͷϺ϶лͶˮϴͷкǣ
ԶȰӴö࣬СʱΪڷˣܳһʱ䶼ѷǺĸ׸ˣʱǺͷ֮һ𣬰Ӿͻֲĸ裬ڷǵϳڣתͷȥĸ׵ҪԵģĸ׶˭
Ӵ𣺡
ĸָŷʣ˭
תͷǣٿĸףٿǣɰ캰
˽Ц
Ժ󣬰֪ǲĸףýʱܲȴӼᶨҪжһţ׸Ůӣ
ʩʩУڰȹ˿΢΢ͷεЦŻһӡ
˦˦֣վմȾݸǣһɡ
ӪͷڲԶţ˶΢ЦӪӿԺУҲģǾ͵һǰɡ
ūڲԶţǱˣܻؽºԪԭأȥС˵ӪѷǴˡ
ԪЦô֪Ƿǣһγʱʮ֮꣬ʮδţū͸üŶԡ
ūƲƲ죬ͷӪһôס°ͣʳָβϣŰ˵۾
ԪʧЦ
ūһ֪иŮӣ֪˭ӦҲǷŮӡ˵ǷŮҲˡ
۽ԪЦӪġղĵطЦһ˵ֻһҪԲ˳ȥء
ԪԴ
ūס죬ȴ룺еǸȥĶأ
˵йѾˣ̲סôܳȥʲôʱסһסأȥȺͽڣǳȥĻزڹūͣҲȽϰȫ
ҡҡͷǲܷɡ뿪ԺһԪɱأûˣҲ֪ʲôʱǼҵģʲôʱǵļ˵ģнʲôʱġ㽪˵ǽԪ֮ǰϣ˺ӲŻͷһԪҲ಻Բġ
޷Ϊȡڡ䡢˶ūͣ˵ĻûŶѡ
ϻر~˵ΪūͣԲᵯ٣˵ôֱ׳Ҳһ£ݵ͵Ÿٹ̵ƫʿΪġµģ˵Ļ׾ٵıƷΪǲ߱߹£ǵȻʲôܣѧɵļգᶮ֪ʶᡭʲôҲᣬʲôҲûУ
Ϊʿ˵ūͣȻúһ㣬ǵĹ۸ǲġ±~ôã˵ĵҲԼ͵͵ѧģκһ͵ѧģôȴκ˳Ĵ
~ԼûԾ˵𲻻ᵯʱôƽ
ǽӹһٵԭɡ
ɾôԼǲý뿪ߡ
н
Ԫе˶ԽĺѾƭԼˣǵȷϽݡϻţܲ˼֣ˣڽԪС
Ƿһݣ
ȻʾĶӣͱӣ
ԶĽˮ˽̵㳤ҲǸУһûݵķֻںٴһ㡭ٴһ㣬ýϰ䣬д֣һúý̵ģֻչֳԼĲŻܸõıסܹøá
~˼Ҳǰں٣ᵯعŷղӯеĳ߶ʧˡ
~Цһ£ſϣȴԶһŮˣǻժ¥Ů˲ͬŮ˵ͷǺúõģֿҲܸɾ·ҲúúõģЬ
~
~̹
㿴ָ棬ġ˵ժ¥ĺܷ㣬ڶ¥ԿĵطҲ٣ֻҪժ¥ڹŴܿ
¥ľ죬һѻչĻ³ɵ˲ŲסаȫеĹ
ϰڶ¥Ϊ˿ԶЩϸСһȺӿηǡ
~һӾϳ͵վʶİɣȥɡ
~ŷӦūūūūʧˣ
ʧʲôͻȻվ
ڰ֣طϣȥɡԱߵ棬С
ѾµˡֻǱ~أ~Ϊȥºƽ󣬺ûи~͹ŶǱ~ӽҴ˵ģŷġ
ſ̾ⶫʱˣȴδǺ¡
ֻ~¥ʱݼٵ֪жˡ
~¥ʱں£ڹߣ֪ͷˡ̺˻ڷûһ̷ɣűסڹǹûоԵ𣿻ǹԭ򣿻
򽪹ȺͽڣԼ˵ȹӼ׽ԲصĽڸ¥ϣһĻĹ
һҲɡ
~ܵߣ˫ۼʵ´ڼв԰ЩЩ·ó¾ͨͷҲֻһ˿ڴί
￴~˲ϴץס˵ŻȥҪҪ죡Ӫŷˣ
~ɫһףŵĿժ¥ٿţ˵ȥϻȥţ˵վժ¥
ﾪȼˣΪʲô̳ȥժ¥ʲô
ӼٵĽŲͷǱ~ôˣ
~˵ūūҪȥһˣ
ȥɡ˵ӦֱʣĻȥǵÿ춼ҪڵȦӣѾԽԽء
~жĪ˸ͶصĴ񣬹µµֻɫؿڹ
ŰɣһҲԷˡЦ
~ʰ¥ܵҵڵˮȥƣϣ
ﵣı~ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ժ¥ʲôѵʱ̺ûߣԭؽĵţֱ̽һ~Ѿɿȥת۾Ϳˡ
һȴת~ơ
ǲϵ𣿴ÿ궼͸ҲʮƥˣûҲ˸Ҷô
𾪵Ŀժ¥
Ѳɡ͸ˣ
ڡС
ϣԶϵĿ޺źÿ춼ˣ⸽˶㿪ˣšˣֻˡ
ԲһʼǲѣҲֻϰˡ
ԴԲɤӶˡЩ˵ôű~أҶū͹ȥˡ
ԲҲ̾Ҳû뵽Ϊ÷˸ˣȻİСͯ͹ȥūʮȻ~Ҳʮֺÿ˭֪˵ūǰһ٣ַ֮ţȻˡҪ~
ʱһܽ껪СͯͷǱ裬һ˫۾ģռһѡ
˽ˣֻվڴԲߣȴϲϴȥԶôҵˣ˵ȥץţ𣿡
Сͯе~ˣץˣ˻Ҫɱƣ
ŵðСͯһţ˲ϴЬܣԲҲܣСͯڴܿ㣡
~һͱ˿ٱϡϵŮ⣬ȲֱӴȥס~˴˻ϻڿŮˣץ~ơ
ϣƣ֪һƥŭƥܵˣɱ
˾ƵӣˤȺٽʶϲӡ
~ڵϣϵĻæס֣ժǹ
˻æס֣˳ȥ
ǰһڣȥץס~ͷ~۵Ҳ¶ҲҿԽԽΪжԽҪݵĥ
ͷ̧ſ¹ūʪ͸ҡҡӾ֪ʱ򲻶ˡ
ͷƤһĵ̧ۡۿϣĵʣժǹ⹷Ĳ˳ʺĶؿһۣѾ˺üš
һŲǰͻȻһѾ˱ڼУŭŭ
ˡ
~ɵĵԲǰ⿪ſͻݣֱߵĸϳ
һűϹˡ
ǰʹű~ʹԲˡūڴĿŽıӰڽģȥ˺ܾòű˷̧֣סĲСŮһ뽪Űɣ~ʱʱ㻹ء
ūұԹֻŵŵūūãūū»һˡ
ŮûãһֱòΪ÷˱~ء
Ů˦ˣūɻȥѵϵĲݶѵϣڲݶɪɪһսһսĴСޡޣҼиޡ̵Ử̵ա
ѾǵøĸˣֻǵסһŮ˵Цͣбһι̣ǸŮᳪţޡޣҼиޡ
ĵܵĶأ
ūūؼңؼҡ
ϣ~ͷиСͯЦҲЦ˻ȥ
Цʲôû˵ϵ˿ڣ֪ǱϴĻǱץʱ˵ģͲ𣿡
~ͷūūá
Բˮҩ~ʰţȰ˵ʲô°ɡ
~æӪŮˣ˵˸Ͻ˿
˾ʹЦϵСֵͯת˺üȦСͯЦš
ԲҲЦ~ҲЦ
СͯԴԲ˵ȥ˿ҪʰˣȥٶԱ~˵ȻȥҪһߡ~ҪˣͻȻ´ʣΣ
~£ЩЦֻֻ֪ڹòֲ˵žܳú÷̹ԺҲ¹ˡ
~һĿĿŽ롣ɽѾûˣԲű~ȥ³ٻԲһ·ǣѾܻԲϺˮˣĶ
סƣԲ
߰ɡ
Բ~˫Ŀᣬ˵ʲôζȻڽҵÿһҹҰȴļңĵط
Բ߰ɣԺˣٻˣ
ԲһӣһʹԶˣ~ͷԲūū
Բۿᣬڰ֣Ӱ˲̾һôҪɵӡ


64 
~ƻصժ¥ɫԣ˵ʲôоǱϳŵĹȶ̲ס͸~
~ؿڣԭץʱˡ
԰ɣε𰡡Ҳһ棬ССģ̵ģȴ֭ˮҲࡣ
֣档~˵кܶˡȥ𣿡
ʵʲôڹﲻã
ǽҵķԸ
~ԥʹԲĻ߻ص˵빫ŮֻǰҲҪҴҲýֻйһӣֻµʱҲᱻǣȥйҲˣβǰһۣȹƽϢٻҲС
ˣ~˵ЩͷǸʧӡ
ڣ̽ͷ¥º
ܳлŽߣ㽪棬Ϸⷽ棬ڱȽøãҲϲԽǸһ档
ߣǳȥҽ䣡
ϲȹܵ󣬽ܳڶ¥ͷĽŵһǸŽˡ
ȥｪʰһ¶ͳȥԱ~˵
~̧ͷӦ˰ģȻȥˡ
òԱ~Ĺˡ
һַֺöϲײ˵ļ
ԼҲڲ֪С˱~֮ó֣ȴû汾¡һ£~СڽҳʹֻΪˣĿȾȴֻ֣ǲܺúûڵġĴҲֻ͵ѧ죬ͬģļʶҲԶԶһ˵ģ
ֻһԾûСĲԶڴ֮ϡ
һݵµķu
ѷuָ룬ȡ֪ʶ˵ͲˡҺã˱~
~¥Ų졣
ܿģ
Ժ󣬹ֻڽʱŻôĵ¥ʱ䣬ֻҪһ¥ͻӵ
Ҳˣ¥죬׷׹
˵ЩȥҪס죡ˣǮ𣿡ЩĲ˵ںͽȵڴĻǾ£µĺôϸ··ҲĲһ
ӶңֻкǰȥòΪǰǸ߸ͷġ
Ⱥͽھ񽪼һûмǮʲô
ֻб~ڰｪʱæȻУЦǼĽ̡Ǯ֣˴ĶУЩɴ˿ˣóȥһͼֵ
Ļϵһ֪ʰʱñ~һ
ǽųӵİƴԲΣԵԸ߳һ㣬涼м֣ǡʢǡƽ
ƽ֮ǲʢ
һֱô𣿡ýʵ
~˵˵ǲܸĵģ̵ĲҪץסɱͷġ
;ʧˣڵĹ͢ô͵֣ǮҶǴ͵ġ
̱Ƚö̵࣬ļҲǷüһķֱС֯ĸӲ浹һһ֡͡
⣬~ߵһ˵ǮͲýˣԼҲһ鲼֣ŸǮǧǮͰǮ
ŵһζǮ
~ͷǮһ㣬Ҫǽ̸áһֻʤ̧һǮ
ЩǮ͸ˣǡ䡱ǡļ֣м򵥵ĵꪵȣǡ򡱡ǧ١ļ֡
ĪǰǮǴ͸ʿģ
~ԱһСӣǮȻȫƵģ̬һеΡԲΡΡΣ̵ĶǼ񡢼ޣЩңպʱţһҸ
ڱ~ЩöšʲôҶ֪ʱ˽͵ҲпܡȻֳ㣨Ἰξˡ
ߡǼ̧ϳں̧Ĳ̣Ŀ´ٰᡣ
е߶ȥˣûţʱֻϡ
ƣѾϰˣ~ǣܡȡںͽڳϣ˷ܡԾԾԣȴҿڡ
ֵҪҪ
ں˽һѣֺҪһ£۾øˣ㣡
ǵһΡ
ԺȻۿеȡ
~ܹȥ𽪵ŵ󣬽סҶȣҲϡ
ԹֻСֽץסЩۣȴܸˡסģܿһòã
˵ã
~ܵøˡ
~ȴһ㲻ƣ̬ı˸ʶ
̫ˡ
磡
˿͵͵ӽˣΪ˲˷֣ͳû͵ȥϽڻңųӦǡ
뷭ڳڰ˿ﻻ·ĬĬĸŮͷĨϻ֭
˿üëģ̿ʻü˫֬
áϸɬ˵Сָ֬Ϳ˿Ĵϡ
˿֪ĸ׵ģסĸ׵֡
ϲֻԼԺͲȥˡţԼŸ˿װá
òòģǾһŵˡ˵Ȼò׵õĶȴǡҪôţǶҳϵˡһ£ѹᳬԽҵҳϡ
˿ɴۣϱ˵ֻлôΣܸõİҲ𣿶ҽҲָĳһˡǽ磬ǽ룬ǽΰԣΪ˽ҵĳһ˶ǽҵˣ
ô㣬ӣպǽҵľǣ
˿ĬϸϸƷζĸ׵Ļ
뿿ӣ˵ˡ
ƿ˿ֻܲлؼңҪԽΰͽʢ
˵ĸ׸ͬȥ
ϱ˵ȥˣο߽ΰѹȣ˵գתߡֻĸױΰѹܸõĽͽ˿ΪιעһԸҲҪͶ


65 
ڽºʯ£ųĹڴһ̽ҵĳͻ֡Ѿ䰵գٿյĹţӸղŷӪԺ󣬾ڽº˶׷׸ˡ
ѾȥܾˣӪ˵ʲôӦѾǷΪ
˫žڻһһҲ
ʱһͻȻ
оΪЩ߹ʱеĹâ¼ˣŵþҪУһס죡
ʱſԭū
ŵûɢ˲ӿȥūץסĸ첲ס죬ҲС˵Ǽֻ֪
˵ˡ
㶵ıӰ
ūŲǳŸ̸ЦĹȴֻһ˵
ӪӽһԲӰԶ
׵Ĵȴۣ
ūǰȥһ¼ȪˮȪˮ̹ǡһ鲼ȪˮУšɺݸԪ˵ͷϰɡ
Ԫӹһ鲼˶ͷϡ
ͽԪϽˣǰĵʣͷ𣿡
ԪƣЦҡͷֻͷ۶ѡ
ɵЩԥŤͷӪǡ
Ӫ˸񣬶ԽԪ˵һԸڴ˵ͷĿӷǣǱӯӯ˫ƽǰס֮ǰֱߵԪǰ£סĶϥϣͷβû¶ֺ
ԪѾ³ʲôˡ
ӪŮǡ
ūԪǴҪȥͱǣǵ֡ⲻǸһ
ڡΪء
ڴʱǣǵ֣ζűΪֻΪˣֻ·Ӫưոݡ
ڷ뽯֮ѡһ󣬵
ԪӪ
αڽԼҵϽ£ƳճЦѵҲҪĺ󹬡ý𣿵֮󣬲ĶӵλǷλ
Ԫսе鲼Ȫˮϣէһһ㡣
ԶķӪ壬ὪԪˣȻһ
ūӪɫԣһѸ˵Ǹ˵ġתͷԷʩԴ񣬡ҪŮ顣
֪ᣬҲ֪޷ٳ壬ǰ𣬴һҲ뿴գͼ壬ͷȥūǡôĻһ˿мūԸݼ
Ҳôʱ̸ȥЩӲɽйҲЩ£ϻعڵֵһȥɫѧΪū۾ץǰĶҽ룬ʹǷҡͷ
ֻǷǶˣҲֻūڣβ
ֻӿҪڵȥݼͱūʹ˸ɫ뵽ϥϵĶ˫һαס߳ܶعƽΪɫΪŮ˵ҸΪǷŮ
ԪūȥҶǰ۷ǣ
ūȥܵժ¥ȴ¥¥£Žգ˼Χ¥תһȦ¥ȥȴпƿʵǽĵطȫĥļΪ⻬һһˤ
ֻΧժ¥ת˰Ȧҵһǻڴ˵صŮˣͳȥˣ
ƹȰѱ˵ȥˣǸƯ˰ǣ
~ȥˣ
ūܵ󣬷ҲˣͻȻЦվժ¥ǰŽº૵ϣˣҪԼӦˡô죿ʱǱȥˣñԹôҪѡһģǷǣǽ˿Ǹ÷ŮںλϣŲٴ򽯼

ֻ²ˡ
ǹܵôʱū²ѲǷu
~ŽߵǺţʱߵ·
ǰΪôܿ~ƺſˣ˵޽ɣǰˣǴӺŽġ
ӡܣ䣿
Ҳ𣿡ԼҪˡ
~ѹȻСԽӶǳҹ͵͵
ʲô
οã㱻󡭡α֣Ҳָ𡣡~ָǰ˵ȥɱԾŶ
Ŷӣ
̤ţȽ쿴˻ҪӵĽֵɫȺŸֿķԣˡ
ǱС~˵ǰѽسڣ˶࣬Сӻǻصɡ
ֳĸмУΪţ̷ۼ˳ҲϲУԵĺȵõģʲôС
˭һκ˿ӹųһˡͷһ֮ŮӣΪǣ˱ȳǰٻҫ̴ۣӽǣȫǻֱֱ
κץԼֵǮһ嵽ǰ󺰵ĳ䣡Ը
ˮ͹һӺӿں
ĳԹеĻ֯ٻ˿
ĳͯȹ
ĳзˣ
ǰ溰ģԹýתͷȥ˿תͷĳвʷ˵գūһӸ߸̧
һ죬·ڶǳβŹĲɫëɵСԴתתȥǽ
ת֪òЦ
ЩȻΧȴҵ·ֻӱ򿪣Ķǰܳ־е֣Сʱ~Ǻټ𣿡
~³ʮûйˡ
ԭ˺
ϵĻĺܿ죬һԼĻȥ¹һȥ䱨š
һô᣿ʲôҲ˲ϣܡҲϾ޽ں档
ǰһЩǻǿֿܹ̽æ׷Ͻʣ̣£
ЩȫǵɽЧҽԪˣֻǵʱǶ֪Ԫ˭֪³в˶ˡǻЩ˵ͶЧץֻῳͷ
ʣµȻԶֳǣȴڼֿϣĵȴĥģڽ󣬸ǳ״ֳǵͷĽˣǵǿ־ƣͰѽɵˡ
ȻͻȻ֮䣬̲ˡž˵˿ˣҪժǹй
ЩϢֻˣֻԲţѵǽͰ
ҲЩֻúƤ棬ܣԼ˼ӿŲܹȥһ˷ܵĻֱܻǹ
ЦǶԹңα
һ㶣תһ룬ЧҹǴһ
ǰ潥ͿӵȺˮйͨиӿ
ȴڴʱſʼº֣Ȱܵǰ˸һһŵٳú漸ûӦҲһһͷϣڵأȻһ˸Ž˺Ӱ
µϼ˼ѵһ̣һҲżȥֻ¸Źô࣡
ԶԶȺдĽһ
ڿԱһϵġôôҬӣصĶӺδʣܺȥ𣿻Թ뺣ڲλã
æ͸С˵ģС˵һ˵ɷ²СֶȻһҪҲô죿Ҫ֮ˣ˵³λʹŽʣʮˣƫƫ³˹Ͳ켱ˣҺáҺй
ȷʵϡ棬ҪǽúС~ɫĵӣһĸҪע⡣һæ˳Ⱥ
~ǰߣС˵˸ˣһܳǸˡ
ҲС˵᲻ܹ󰡣
~һ£ҪûӹģȻȷʵ۸Ҳᵱ浣ǣǸƭ˵˾ˡ
С˵Ĵ£һȥˣҪͺáԵܾҲùʧӡ
ֵˣãȻͷһ̧ͷͿ䣬¶Цֵ磡
ڽߵ˲˿ɵĿ
˲ϣȸϵߣúܺò˿ȻԹô㣿~ǣҲһ⼯ϵһڿ~ȥɣǣ
~ȫڽϣһ˺ĳ
Ҳ߬΢΢ӿٶȣ⼯ô˾ͲЩйȻ˰ҹŻǽ̺ˣɱ˼ˣҲɱһû˸ˡ
˵ҪܶͷҪȥˡ
ʱ̳֣˴񣺡лʹ͡
Цαлء
ŷĵ̧ͷǽˣ˵лǧлЮ
̼Ҫȥйǰӹ֣ԽЩɫˡҺ滹ô˸ţŰϵ˶ˡ
ͷߣһ㣡
Ӧŵǣ
ʱͻȻӵ߳ˣԶԶľͶŽͶش
̿ɱڵľٽЩָϽһмܣһ߶Խ󺰣ˮҲԸ湫
ɽ¹Ը̷

ʮһ𺰣̫壬ȴϳ˺üˣʽ䣺ǲպ鸽𣿡ôΪʲôô˵
Ҳ֪ǵý˵ҪЩġϧһû˽̡
Ǻܺ𣿡ĸ˵Ǻûõʹ;ˣһ͸һЩǾͻˡ
ġ̫˰ɡ
ܱûкáҡͷ˵ǡڹУܳȻҪԼǣҪţЩǾͻĻˡ


66 ȸ
̼ҪЩսһǽֹˣȰѽ̽еߣýȥЩ˵ڲҪ֣絽йȥȾƳɺã
⼸˶
̸ڽߺǲЩԺ֮ǣ΢ŽЦߺ󣬶ЦȻ磿һЩ
ȻСκһˡ
Ҳϲ磿
°͵ĳ߱ɽҰǲһģһ۾ܿ
ǰԼ˵Ϊʲôһʼ͸ϲǽԵ£Ҳֱһѡ˽䡣˵Ů˵ֱʤһе
ƺƵժǹһ»ģľšҪ֪ڸͭšߣС¥󣬽ľ졣

һժ¥Ĺסľ¥ζϲľĽ֪֪ⶫ»𰡣
Ҳȫľ죬µ·ǰɫʯ
һ֣ġ˵һʯϸҡԭԺʯȫõģһʯϣȻЩ·û취ء
Ŀ֮ȫʯ壬һˡڴľͷһ¥Ĵ
㣿ָ˵ָ˸ģҺܵģ
Ц˵ҽ֪ˣ
𽪼ǰһ˴ڿһ˵Ҹ˵ϲժ¥˵˵ôõˮ첻ժ¥ֻ
ƺܲ˼˵ѾܺˣΪժ¥Ǿ죬ԭڵѾ¥
䱳ܵŷⲻ¥㣬ΪԭһһͣΪõ㿴ôƣݶøЩҲЧķֹ
ڵʹܵڵ£ǰǰܵס·ļʸµҲ¥ϵˡ
ǰһһȴ棬ںȥˣ
ôͷҲߵ
˻ûѽС˵ҽΪ뽯ҶŮȥҴˣܴҪˡҲ϶зˣһĸŮˣպһȫˡ
üǻ㲻𣿡
ҡͷްֻǽá
䷴Ӧ˵˵ѽҰɣ㲻ҪٰڹˡѹͲǴĶӡ
ĬˣýĹǲĲãڰ䣬᲻أ
Ҳսպ̴ҲԣȻҲһӡ˵ϣ߲ҪиˣοҪýĶӣһ뵽˯ţܣҲӳ֪ǳˡҲˡ
Ǿ͡ԥһ£˵⼸￴ӦĻ¡
~ýȺͽھժǹ«ưɴʱȹҪõĶȥЩˡ
֮ǰҲû뵽ժǹһԱ߻һõеʲôûУЩ˴붼˯ˡ
ֻҪŲ˯Ǽժǹ˿տˣ~
~¶Źϲã˲ٶһЩǱҪģ糵һࡣ
ǸŽȴĸ鲼ĴӣеĶеˣڸ¥ϵĽˣֻ࣬Ǵֻġ
ɣ̽ͷȥ
Ǹ±;߻Ҫ뿪ſñ~ʲô˽~ȴЦԽ̵˳ȥɡ
һֱվԱߣ~ԸҲһǹĳǰһѽĳϲû𣿡ŭһٲҲֻȥֻǸ˵ĳҲ䣡ձ
ûĳһϹδı
Ȼ޷޵ĵǸĸӵˡ
ûˣҲʲôȥ~վԽ˵´ˣ
һ̤ڵϣ
˴󾪣ĳǴˣ
~תһȦʣпޣ
ޣǼ񣡡˴С
~鲼ĸȫɵĴͷڣżβֻֻ̣ϵë·ᷢһһֻ񿴵~չββΣ⡣
¥ˣ
ȸֻ
ſ̿ȸı~ҲˣԺе˲ĻΧ˹˵ĽҲĿ֪࣬һ˳ûܵ~ߣڵ˵ĳҲǻԵɺϲŲ⼸ֻΪץĳ˺ü
˻ȫز񣬱~ȴķӦü׶񣿡
æףף෴ڱ~С˵ʳ
~һۣʣԵ棿
˱~һ˶ƮƮɣȲ˵˵յ¡ȥЪϢʱֽУΪޣʱֱһҧˣһȥʱȴһֻ̳Զߣ⽫⻪ץ
·ϣĳԹ°ٴΡߡЫҲˮʳ˶ű~ʵ˵Ϲ첲ߣ¶ֱļӣǸɫġ̫ףһʱͬ鶼ҧŲòֿء
~֣ߵ˶Щˣű~ֻʱ˵ʲôӦ⼸ֻ͸У
~˵⣬٣дֻ빫ӶҰɡ
ããͷ
~Ѿ¶ֻһֻܷŹñ
ӦĳҪٲˡ
ʱЩԥȼʳҲֵ֪ǮȥֻҪ˵ժǹԺɽɽҲ׬
~һУһֱĽʹ˸ɫ
̻ͷŤͷȥˡ
~Ȱ䣬ؽ𣬲˵˲ٲˡֻǿɫ¹þͻڡ
~ֽһֱιҲ˳š
ֱվẒ̌ŷĻת
󿴵ǰֻֽеĴЦŶι˵ιһЩѱ˳ٷųɡ
̲ס⼸ֻȸ𾪡
û뵽˵ؾȻпȸԽ˵ĵطȣ֪ܲӦ³򡣡
~˵ģһ׼ůĲݷġ
ʱ~ǸʲôطģôôԶģ
~һæ˵ȥ;ϵģҪϸʣȥ׷ֻŽ̵ûô죡
æ֣òãҲһ
~ŷģսС˵ʳ߲źá


67 
ȸ̫ˣҽǳѪܵ⣬ߣ
~Ϊ򽪼չʾȸȷʵǳԶߵģץʮӽ﹩ȸʳ
ߣһ˶ˡ
˵ȫǻĵأһҾСʮнͷεģǲߡ
һӽӣĿȸ߱ı˵ǲǱҧʱһ߶סһߵͷ̵̰ľ̽ȥˡ
֮Ҳû˸ҿǼˡ
ǵڶˣ˸Ļֶռˡ
ժǹǸεĽȺǰҵĵ·ģԿԭסǶôӴļ塣붼ķˣЩ·±Ұ֣ͰؽصΧǽһ塣
լʱȰΧǽȻ˰ѻ𣬰һƬֶˡΪЩͷ̫̣Ҳûбô
ǵĳժǹ·¸ѹƽˡ
ԭϵġԭլƵĴŸ̧棬Ϊ޵úƯͷһʯɵģżޣֻͷ͵ˣֻ㻹ץͷҡ
˵ļǵģİݺᡣҰ߰ңôˡ
ǵңհѵĸ׸ϳαλľǼңȴҺԼժӡ
ӣҺͷҾصޡ̨һҹȥþѡ˰ɡ
ΪԼһ㣬˿ķۣͲӳĶԱȡ
ڽԪƾϲ֪װ˯װ裬ڴǰͦǰ㣬¶õߣĲˣʩۣ֬ȴеŮ˶ȥ
˿棬õݶ
Ӫ˿󣬶ò˵ȥ붼תͷ
ⲻҪСӣ
һֱӣڵȽǸòŮڴ߷̣Ӧ֣֪ǽųģ
ӪŭãŮǼʱģڴߴ˼գΪʲôһϢûõ𽪼ߵǸūŭӿߵʲôãһٸ˷Ҳպûߣһ˫۾ŶΪ
ɫľȻӲֻԼ֪ľϻ˫ж䣬ȫԴ
Ǵ̤ķӶûУò·֬ΣΪ׵ĻֻԸСˣʱһӶҲ˵ͷ
ǸŮˣʱŮڴʱСʱ˸ᡣ
ʱֻǷһŮ˵ҸΪǷӪ֮Ů˲ŻòֻһͨŮһũŮԵҲ˼ѡ
Ҳ˵ԼΪڷңûгպ󲻳ޣڷҲʳǣҲҪʲô飬ҶֻΪòѣԹ޸ĸ
ֱعϣΪ˲òֻĵСõĹޡ
ǰŷֻ˲ҪһҪò绨ȴᡣϲ˵ҲԸҪһ
סеϻӡºһҪֻе˲ŻǸòķҰǣס³
ӿŷǽֱıӰҧҧվ
Ӫͷ߶һվ뺰סˣӪһ۲Ųȥ
ĵ˵
ӪðȥӵԸˣοƲֻ֣ܴܲˡ
˿֮䣬˿ݽʪ鲼ʱ˹
˿ﶼˡ
Ӻ֣ѲѹڽԪĶϡ
Ԫۣӽŵ۾һֱգ֪ԼûЦһЦɴЦˡһЦס֣ŵֳ̰˻ͷţһֻס̵ֱ
ˣ²ͷۡԪַסͳûϡ²ȣֻðأоһַֻϡ
ԪµļˣһҹҲþˣҲ⼸Ů˵ԡ
顣ԷӪ빫ҵŮ
ǵɫϱòҰף˿ҡҡ׹
һ˲ٺߣȿڵѵҲֻɫ֮ҽ࣬ޥʣѡΪҲ˵ţ⿴˿
˿Ĭһж޹ء
Ԫ԰ӸͰֱ⵱Ҳ˿ŭ㲻ãֻ̫󣬲ѡһ£̾˿ͣжʵԡһҡɨŮǶ԰˵Ƕ˵ǡǵ𣿡
ſڽ֪࣬ô˵ˣѵҪֱԲ˴ҲԸ̣
˿ߵףֱǣʮ˶δϣ׳־ȣѧСءȻԽȣҸʮʱȢҶҲԲλࡣ
ԪЦյʱת䡣
ҲЦҸʮʱʳ˰ֻͷҪϣ
а̾ʵڲ岻ϻҲż׻ᣬٿһߵķǣðѾˣܲη壬ڴǰŵֱԡķǣ浱ѵڴ˵
ǲ빬ӽ˹Ҳ޷ʩչ
ӪʹɫʱֻɷӪ˵ˡ
ӪԪͽ̿˹±ýš
ӪֱӿŽԪ۾˵ҪһҪ´йͳĹӡָŷǺͽ˿ŮһΪϷ֮ŮһΪ֮ŮǹõŮӣԿΪһΪһΪˣͬ
˶ˣĬ
˿סķŽԪǵ֡
Ӫ˭ͿΪ󡣡
Ԫǡ
ͷ£ؿڡ
ٿ˿˿ȴͷӣȻһЦ
Ԫ̾뽯һʣ̶̼վ
ǽסľϻֻûѪҺ˱
Ԫǣ˿֣Ը㸸չ㣬ԸΪ󣿡
˿ӯӯ°ݣūԸ⡣
ӵӿתͷҪܣ˿ȴץסǣߵǰ˵ֽյһһץסӣһΰסǻеľϻϣЦԸڽһ̴֪λԸ飿
ǲĶһ£ȴо˿µ˵һ֪Ҿܾ˿͸ҵľϻϻ֮¶ǰ
ӿ۷ǣ֪ϲϽܣҪܵģ֪ŷңûзŮӣպᱻȥģ
ڷǰ˵ūūԸŽ㡭ԪĿ¶˿
˿΢ЦſǣòϽԸˡ
Ը⡣ȿ˿ڣ˽˿Ļ˿ѻ˵ĻĽ˹ˡ
˿һЯһˣͬУõĻصԪǰٰҲ࣬һԪд
Ԫ齣ַ˿ӣûȥ
мλŮ飬޺
ԷӪ˵պ󣬹²Ů빫֪ˣǷİɣŻ³֮ǡ
ԴֻŮ˿˿
ӪŽԪͷ˵


68 ժǹ
Ӫŷˡ
ּɡӪһƽûʲôӰ졣
ղŶҿǴ֮λȴֻһ֪ӪСǸǳģ۸ʮǵá
̽˵չҲøǺͰЩ˺ͶҿĹҲ̫ªЩ
ӪͷĿ˼ҲٿڣһֱصңﶼĹһһ³ͷŴ˴Ҵˣͷ׸Ҳ㿪һ仰˵
ǡãȻĿȥܵһ죬һӾͲˡ
ļܷӪɫжѿ׷ݡӪ£ʣ㲻üôǺͰӶˣ𣿡
̺ͯӪ£ʹɫʹɣԼͷ̧ͱŻ·Ьܳȥ
Ӫָƨɺ󣬡ɫ֪²ɣǲԸ⻹һˣأˣ
Ӫɵϣý齽ǵĽһ泯׼˯ˡ
׸ɴ齱ߣŷӪ㲻˵ҾͲߡ
ͯ͵òǴ󲮶Ըһס
Ӫڹһ죬۵Ҳ˵۾һ˯ˣϹһϱһ¡ɣһֱ£˯粻ˣڵһţѷ׸嵽ȥˡ
ͯ⿴׹´ͷˡ
װһ̧ͷӪǰ׵ģҲ°ôæôˣ
Ӫʱŷŭȥˣ
̱ôȥˣתһ룬ŭǸļӣ
ӪѴ죬нһŮɣ춢ŹͲָ֪˳𣿣
治֪Ҳû뵽𾪵ʲôʱŮȥģΰƥ򣡣
ͯͷu棬Ӫͯէء
ӪЦ˵ΰֻǸŮǽͽȥģΰ֪أ
ֱתȦǶڶΰΪΰҾͲᶯô֪ΰôûã˴ܰһŮ͵ߡ
ū׶ԷӪūû뵽ڴǰԽ֮ǣȴϰｯ롣
ǲǸӣֻҰʳҡβĻǵʲôԹѵ㻹ĻӪ͵
׵ȻǴβأ
ӪĬΣһתֵϣҾͲȥˣҲˡѱͷһɣ˵Ҳˡ
ײ⣬ȥ£С˵ҪңǺΪ󣿰ǺͰأ
Ӫֱ𣺡
Ķӣܳuͯͯȥ̷Ӫʲôûԣ˯ˣϿ϶ȥ׼ЩԵģȥôȵ
ͯԸĽȥˡ
ŷuȥ
ѾǰڳˣͣķԸ׼ȥ
׺ͷuϵ˵Ҷ߰ˣȥ
˶ֻ࣬úͷסuϣ̾ŮһΪһΪˣͬΪˡ
ֳˡ
æ˵һڹˣ
ͷ˵Ůʮأֹܡ
ҡͷ￴һۣСԷ˵ֻ°Ӳн
ǷŮõһڷҸ˱ȣ˷ң뽯ȣͲԶˡ
ͰӽǴŷռ֮λṩ㣬ðȥ衣нڣôܵóأ
uæðȥ鹫
׺ͷϣһ
uϻۣ˵ӵڹվȽŸ
ҲǸ취Ҳݱܷâ
׵վȥ
ڶ죬uһ·ϣֽϵ˶ҴææģӷҳȻвٵ̶ţǿŵģҲֻһɨͯڡ
ô£
סһͯʵأ
ͯæ˸񣬡Ӳ֪ժǹҪժǹҼ˵ȻǴűȥˡյĵһۣƲҵ׶ȥء
u͵סתͷʴˣ֪֪
ãȻ⡭uʵӣǻ𣿡
uɲȥժǹһ


69 ժǹ
ժǹǵһڷu֪֡ҪһйǸ͵˹⣬һ㹻ݳĲⶼǰֵһ𾪡
ժǹԶطˡ
ⲻլ𣿡uǣĴ˵ţܹһһ̧ӡŰˡ
νժǹһֵľ룬ѾȥˡĿ֮ǰ·ˣаڵӡһݼһ峵˿ڳڣǰԸǾĻֱΪƣ̫أ˵ϣǶǰ
˶ʣǰ˳𣿡
֪ǰ˶ʲôȥ
Ņ̀ʲô
Ұʲôȥˣ
˶֪ʲô֪ȥǲǴ˺һĻ
ֻдκԡࡢֺ֣ǿͬκ///֣˺¶׶
uϣֻһˣԴ˵㼷ȥܲܽȥ
˴Ӧ˱ȥˣܿС˵ſмţļҵˣ˼ʲôʲôġ˵ģ˴һɽƣɽʱɽ࣬Ϊ졣˰ڰ˵ϲҾֻûˡ
uȣû뵽ﾹȻܣȥ˵ϼ
˾ȣϼ˷أ֯ƥ֯˫Ϲû֯óˡ
ֻȥɺֻܿˣ˵Ҫ
uĬΣԴ˵Ҫʲôʲô
شû˳ǰѾŭuһСˤʱԱ󺺰Ŵ˾͵˵ϡ
uŭİγ˽ǡڴʱе˶ˣڵϵȫվ˶ˣĻǰǵ˼ǰ棬Ⱥӿ
uò˳ſԼȥҴʱѾȺ˳ͷuǰһѽ´ʲôͱ㣿
˰֣ûУֻǸһȭӣժǹ˳ˡ
ǸuûСͯܽͣŲľ£Ȼ£ȴ׳ŵӴЩ߹ЩһóһͳǹǮϡ
Сͯߵǰӵ˶ȲĴߵߣ˴ʲôҲĸҡͷ˱ɥͷ˱˸߲ң
uˣ߽Сͯһ˵ȥɣղѾ˴ȥˣǼ͹졣
˱ҶСͯǴĳȥѰ޺޵ˣ˭׬ǮҲ治ã·ϾҪߣ
վһˣ̫ûԼһժǹ˺ܾãʱǸ˵Ӿ֪һʴ⣡ĸȫûȥ·ϾͲ֪ǿ˿ˣڻûʰߵĽλҫۣ·ʰԺͻժǹ֪£˺ˣļˣ֪ժǹмǴ֣ҲҪ֪Ǻֱ˶Ǯ˼⣬˴ţȥ˶ӱųȥ¡ôãһȥ˶ûһ֪ǹ⡣
СͯתһȦһЩѾظˣֽ쵽ǰͷȽȥҲûбԹģ뿴ʶʲôֵģֻԼĻﲻá
uصǰ˵Ӳˣ
ˡҡͷȻؼҡͣסȺʹժǹһȦǽúܸߣ棬ٶһͼдӲ֪ܻȥˡ
йڿժǹ
u˲ϽͣҲٵҪ¿ôԽץˣһˡ
ǽĽ̿ýӰٿϵӡûзȥ׷ǽȥҵ£ֻǱ˷ˡ
ɶͷԡ
Ǵҡڳģôܻû֪
ܿᵽ˽̵˼˵˿϶ۿˣûˣ֪ˡ
ǾѲȥǰˡ
һǽңң
ң~һ˲Ĳڣ˵ǽӴýӦע⹫ҡ۽Ƿ빫ӾͲˣôʱ䣬빫ΰݷùǹĹġ
̵ƨ¶࣬Լƨɶɾҿ͵͵ȥİɣ
~˲̲û˵վȥˡ
֪𣬽̺Ҳǽҵˡ
ǰڽ˭ĺ
Цĳ˭ĺֻǵĳǽ϶˵ϴǼ飬϶Ǻݡ
һࡣ
Ž̶ˣת֪Сˣޱ߷ζ֣Ǹˡ
ʱ涯½̵ģ֪ҪĶһöʵͶЧһ֮ɡǽԪ֮
Լ
Խ̿ΰһֱΪʲôѾˣҲ˳Ͳΰˡýΰòˡ
ЦǺ棬βعɨͿժǵֻҪعȻͻ֪ˡ
ȴ᲻ժǹժ¥Ǽҡ
ٹհɡ
ժǵԱие󣬲̫һǰرߡǸաֻͣǰһڴ󣬺һСǰſ
ġ췿ʱûԸҲ벻ǷӵǸȸǵľСȻŸǴԺ˵ôط˿˸ʯд֣ϵλ
죬ʯ̺ˡ
أǸĴۺ񡱵Ĺʯ
ȥһȦסһӦþǹʯˡʯ治ӲϹסǰʯ˲š
ЦҲΪˣվԶ˵Ҳ㣬ţ£ҪʲôҪָ䣬ش忴ҲС
ʯͷҰףȫʯʯľľʯľмϡϵĸϴϴɾˣôҼ
˵Ҳ˵ֻҵͷ˼·ֲԣͷס벻شӣ
ʯҡͷֵͷȥҵŮ˽ӳٲȥü޸ˡ
棬ˣ
ʯҡͷӡϲһŮˣŮ˿ϸĻᣬȴϼСγҲشӣԵʱԸ£ȴû뵽վ͸ⱲӶûĲƥֻҪش壬ǸŮһԸ޸ˡ
˵ȥͻȥɣҲԡб£ﶼ
ʯȴҡͷ˵ԺٽģҲô죿˿Χ˵ʵһϪһʯȻҲϲʯϣʵʯͷķӸã»ʯͷҿڷӵ޻ᶳˣůء
һ˵߰ôô˵֪ͣǲߵģ˵߾£ֻŮҪһūԸ𣿡
ʯ˵ϸĲ϶Ը⣡
վʯǰḧʯϵġա֡ʵ֪ϵͣ겻֪Ȼ֪ȴϿ̡û֣֡ڽԪ֪֮ԭǰĴܶ˶ա
ʵǲն֪
ŮˣԶֻͣļУǼҲǿɱġڼеҸʱ򣬾Ƿû֮ǰʱɷµķӣ˳Բʳ˲ٰҲٶˡ
ʱÿ춼૸л졣
һ£Ų˻ȥ
ǽ䣬˵ʯ֪ΪʲôҪʯҸǸŮӣ˵ǸõһŮ񡭡
Ůܺãô񣿡ʡ
俴ۿߣҰﳤʲô˵ˣ˵һģһ
˵ţͻȻȸļЩҰδѱһҲǰڶ԰ĶǼΪöҺĸӣһǴɣҲҰǷŵ̫ǻɵӶϣצץסӣʹ˸ֻͬ顣
ĸιȸ˶Ұι̫ιĻǻøǰȸ̫ˣͶι˺üΣֻȸһҹͬǲس̫ˡ
ڲҷſһſֻ¾ˡ˵г϶ɣֲϸǼᣬôɡ
˵ô˵Ǵȥȸˡ
ղڼĵط˰ɡ
߽ͿȸַɵӶϵˣŵβȹڣѤĹ⡣
ΪʲôǱ~Сͯιȸ
ЩСͯץס䣺ߣȥ
뿴ȸˣĻת
߿ߡɴ
ȸǰı~䱳Žܵһ̬ûУȻʧЦߵСͯɵ˵ǲǹ
Ǹȥݼ𣿡һСͯ˵
~ǣǲҪǰȥ˲뿴ǣǾҪҪ˿
СͯɥĵͷǶϲǣҲǡ
~ԱߵСԴǳ֪ˣǶôʴȵˣҸ
ѽժǹһ¥ºʹЦ
ʹ
⼸Сͯ˴ģҪɾǡͯĳͯ
˭ͯ˭ͯˣ


70 
⼸Ǽʶ˹˵
ȸѾǺܳĻˣûȸڶŵ˿ڷӻˡ¥ΡеϮˣпӦСС;ͱˣпĿûǲһġ˿ڷӳԵøһ˿·͹ˮǣİ˸ӶͣÿһúܿɰȻֽϸݣӤʵ۾ܿСӡ
~С˵ΪСŮϰˡνŮŮӵļУĸŮ˷ҲԽƭŮţһ˨ѡŮӴС꣬ѾӣֻҪòóȥ
ʱŮֵǮͳ˽ƯСкŮȥȥңҲˡ~һȤ˵ȴû䣬ٿ˵ָʹ¹ǰȺСӣСҪһǹڿ⴦ǵˡ
~˵ҲȷʵҪ˷ֻ̣Щ̫СЩʲô£ȥЩʹ
æ˵ĳﻹʮµģֻɫ⼸
~üȻ
¡Щӣ
˴ϲ~˵Ȼȥʰһ°ɡվЩСӳȥֻǳȥǰЦˣЩСͯﲻҲŮӰɣеŮҲŮС
ҡͷĳ˶أ
ٿˣ~ˣһˣĶ˵˻ЩӣǶǱĸģҲÿ춼Գһ
һһ૵
~ѾǺˡеһڷһˮģΪתҲֻ輸죬˲ԶûҲʡ˿صˡ
ĬСЩСͯҪôã
ôСʲôŰɣҲȱʳ϶ǣΪʲôأ
~ǲЩСͯҲڻܷ̹ȵʮٸڹߣֻ¹Ҫ˷ˡ
סûٴ˸Сӽ䣬˰˸Сܵܡ
һû⣬ͷ˵֪ˡ
~ΪЩԺҪҲ˿һ֮ܺùһֻᡷ̵
ȲѵǣҲǣÿٷһԣԶٶСǽ⼸Сӣ˵⣬ǳԶ͹ȥе򷭣Ҳĵϡǲҷֻſڵߴ
~Ҳûȥֽͽ俴ˡ
ŭס֣
תܣץƨɡ
~Ŀɿڴ
򣬿޵˺ѷΣȴŭֹŮȺͽҲ⣬ЩС߼ԷѵϵǸʳ
ʮ£ѽŵǰ
֪֪ˣըһûȥ۸ˣ
ƨɣᣬŲģ䲻֡
װ˵֪֪
ǳԣҵģС
ҲʧȥǣȺͽڸЩֶһһ˵Ҳã
Ⱥͽڲ⣬Ϊ˺ҲˣʢöЩ
ָ˵ԣҿܲܳԵ꣡Сû⻤ʳëģ
ͳԱˣôܻԵ£ɢŨѿߣѹҲסȻͱ̵һ֡
ٲԣ¶ٻҲġ˵㲻˵ǾͳԹ⡣
ֻЦȺͽھȰҲҿڣһ
һھҲȥˣűţҲԲ£ҲϳԳǿŽίĿˡ
ΪʲôҪǣ˵
Ϊ̫ˣԲꡣ˵Բͻ˾ͲܳˣǾ̫ϧˣԲŸ˳ԡ
ָ˲ϧ𣿡
۶ǲᡣ
Ҩһ⣬ŽˣʣҪ𣿡
Ͻͷʢһ˼ھҲʲȥˣʣµıƺΪѣǱ߽Ҩһ飬ֳˣʣҪ𣿡ٵͷָʢһ飬ŨŨÿҪˣԭҲʼˡ
ʢ˰룬ԡ
ʱȻǲᣬȴҲݶġ
Ҫ𣿡Ҩһ
ͷʢȴ̰ˡ
ԣ⣬̳ʽҪ𣿡һֱ˵Ҫ˸øʢȻһҪһڡ
󽪵ˣ
ȺͽڶϽȥʰȴһűʣ𣿡
۴תͷƴҡͷҪȱߡ
˵
ȰѽǰղŲҪЦÿԵÿģھͳˡ¶񣬽һҪ𣿡͵ߡ
ҭ㡣
Ͱ̡
ʱ͹ˣ̵ܣĶ¿ʱӹԵÿĳܳԣָһ˵ĳҲܳԵ£
ʽҪ𣿡
̣ǲˡɫٴΰѱιߣһŵζŻƴŤͷ
Ͱѱ˽̡
ǼʢֱʱȸɽûθڣȻҪһŵʳζܲˣֻŽֹ⣬ǼСҲֵˡ
ҲûˣҲˣ֣Խ˵
µп⡢ˮˣΪͣ˸ʢʳ
編ƣֻҡͷЩʳﱻָЩܵΪЩС
ӹӶˣͣ
ٷԵ˷죬˯˲Ž
ɽ䱧˻ȥ~̣ȴһ¥͵ڴϣŶ˵ˡ
û취˵Ҫȥҽߣ~æūūǰ潪θ˵ūūЩһͺЩˡ
ҲһЩ⺢ӽǱβˣֻܵõѵ
~͵
Щأܾ˰ɣǱ£Ժٱ۸Ҫǵܡ
ܣ~Լһʱ֪˵ʲôˡ
ܰͷܲҪ۸СǺõģһֻᱻһ۸Ƕ߶áԱ~˵ܣǲᰤҲ˴ǡǡ
~û֡
Ӧڼҽʲô
~ҡͷǵˡ
룬˸ˣ񡢽ǡš¡ʡ¡һһˣ
~æ߸ˡ
󡣡
~ĬĬһ飬⣬δūūȡ
~ֱĿǣнòã
~ֻԼѾڴ˴ˣƮƮģ
ǽ


71 ˿밢
uصʱѾҴҽˡ׼˵ʲôûУ찢ǽȥŮûĵ
u£ǰǰվŶʮеŮ󸸣ô£
Ϸ˺ܾãͰѼƯŮӶһ飬ʮȫͽȥ
ãһЩ͵ȥ׵
uȥðɣ
׵ÿȥ
uȵΪ󸸣ˣ֪𣿡
סȻ֪
ܵӪѡ˸ץȥ𣿡
Ӫпȥһ޼ɵĹӿ׵˵
׼תСأ
ӪĪҲ˹
ڰӺͷûº֮ǰǱʹСΨһĶ߬ġûʲôǰСҲȥͲˡ
ɵȷ״߷ӪٽʱӪԥһ£ƿ·ͯȥһ£ΰ𣿡һ£ʣУͽ˿
Ǻܺôͽûؽңҹˣ˵Ҫȥǣ潯ʢ˵ѷʢ֪Ѿȥ׷ˡҳһ࣬ΰֻ½ͷöڱŲ
ҲȥӪ·һӣһɣñסͷ
׳Ҳɵ˵ر湫СӣԶֻöŷӪҲСߣܹøã
ӪԥԥתͷԷu˵ǣ취СҪҲҪǿȥɡ
uѵˡ
ӪŭǾͽع
һºǰȴˣЩԭǻڴ˵صŮȫˣԶȴЦмһһ˵죡죡Ůϴ裡
ûȥЩ£ȽºȥǼˡ
Ǽҹװ磬һҹȥ㲣ΧʲôûУҲͷϴȥʱĸŮͷصǸͷǽ˿ڸ˵
˿ĽǱǺõö࣬ҸˣĸסҲû취ǡ
Ӵûôҵ£û뵽һĺӾȻֻ⣬ĸ׶˱еİѱ
һ֪ĸס˿ϣȻ¡
ѹᣬ˵ӦòҶĸʲôˡ
һ룬˿Ҳãĸײٱвˡ
βͣвһЦ߹ȥӡ
ӿףȻϲӭŮ֮仹ʱͲٿˣ෴Ů˸񣬡ˡ
ߺ죬һ
Ҳݼ˿Ҳһͬʩн˿˿ûƣŷڳơ塱ִֶ
ЦӦˣ˰̧˵ڼùߵĶ˸Ͻʰ˸ͽ
ǰ£۽˿ͽƹȥףλ㲻Ҫ
˿Цֻһ·û·ˣȴˡųӣŵĳ̬Ц˰ӣȻ󷽷İ·£֣صл
ĵҲһ룬Ȱ·󣬳Ž˿ͽ뿪ʱǶӲҪԽŮģͬڹУûҪɵİǵѡ
ӵͷȻ˷ܵ˵˸أǡ
ߺ
ʲô⣿
ӵвкܶǰĹŮҿƾɣʳб۸ģ˵·ǾͶŽˡ
·ڹһҲûУԲš
ЦܺðҷŮ¡˿ʣǵʱû˵ʲô
ӣ˿㶼˵ã˵õģǶû뵽
Ҫ󡣡
̵ͷԺ󲻸ˡ
ڹо뿪ʱǡЩŮ˶ˮϴ·ˣʪͷϴøɸɸɾȴֻܴõľ£ĺɪɪ
ӳ·һǣ»·ЬŮƺҲһ˵̺λʱò£ǴͷͤͤŰӻص˽º
÷ĻοصҺȲȥҷףһ̾һ˵ҿǰѽŮӿ̫ˣǶ޸֣ΰҲҪȫǣҪȥ··ûС
˵ȥһΣҸŮȥЩӹŮӲҪˣֻЩɨĻҪСǣȥ̴תͷԷu˵ȥӭع
uֻ¹δؿҵġ
׵ġףһʮΣڹþݼΪŮı֡
ڶսȥŮͼ˿ͷһڴǰ빫ع
ǵᣬϲ֣˶࣬Թãǹȱ飬ҲԹѰң򽫹ϲ
˿˵ǡȻ˿󣬵Ʒ곤ӦóΪ㣬һֱطǡ
ЦҶףպҪ̵
ûݼŮ
ԪʮŮһָȻ밢ǡӸһɡ
һѾǣԽ˿ѡɡ
˿ƾܣôҪŮ򲻿ɣ򲻿ɡЩ߲ѵ˵ǽ£ֻҡҳڴǰ˵ţ档
ǿ۽ԪĲɣԼȥʮŮȥ̽˿˿ߵû취Ȼغȥˡ
Ī˿ĸоգ˿ｫסգͻ˻ȥ˿뽯һòһԶӣʲôǷŮأѶҪʩŮˣȻ󡭡
ԪڴʱԷ˵Ȼǲõġǵ֣ǣҶչչǰɡЦһ£ֻǺӴûн̵ӣֲĹǧЩ
ǱԪ˵ϣ֪Լʲô
ߺһѵСŮ̬ףԴ૵ĵ۰֪زԴġ
ʹ˸ɫͣСӡ
ǿԼСӣæȣСӣūū֪ѧʶǳԽ̵СӣūūԸСӿǣСӳΪӢš
Ԫ˾ͷǶߣ˵簢ΪһõСӰɡ
ڷǶ˵ʲôȻͰѷķǱ˻
һĻֻܴҴҸˡ
ūȥﵽ
￴ŵҪܣץס
콯ߵʱ˵ʲôūЦʡ
ŵû𽯱붢ʣǼ
ǿµļգūĻô˵˹⣿һҰο͵Ĳסգ
Ҳҿ룬ͷһ˵ֹסĻ
֪ҡͷǸǸݣûˣûбˡ
ȻСӣ
Ҵϸʣ˿
ūС˵˿ǹ˲ϣġ㲻ʵɣ
˿ͷӯڽޡ㡢ǲģǻġ
ūʱΪ˿ĺøˣһʱǲҪԺأ˿ﲻֹ㣬ҲǽŮһһգ᲻Ըɱ㣬ҲýȾأŮӽ̴˷֮λѵӴ𣿡
˵ˣıġ
˿ȴڵϣס죬־


72 
ūصԪŷǣǻ˫۽յĿڽԪ˽һľͷ
һЦֻ񱻱ӳһһ͵ͷҲ̧ʲôҲҿȹӾܻغȥˡ
Ԫ˫ָ֣ū˼¡
ūŹȥЦ˵ͼλסãûء
Ԫͷһûв˼˵Ҳá
ūҪȥסʣҶںδ
ū̹µˣڹ
Ԫü˭ȥģ
⡭ūתӣҲ֪ɵǳ
·ϵʱ򣬷uͳȥԪعҲ
ǰūͷ
ԪȥĿ˼ūҲ˻Ԫ˵˵Ҫ̵Сӡ
ϰǣ̵ؿùΪһ˽֪Ůūն˵
ŶԪЦôã
ūӪǸƥ˵ˣڼʱءغֹꣿǶڣһԨһ㶼֡
Ԫ΢Цҵðǣ˷Ұء
ū޷Ը˳
˿Ｘ˶ʱסڽºūȥʱѾˣ㵽Զ˿Ѿ˵ū֪ںĿģڽӦȽϲ˺ۣҲûд⡣
ֻ׽Ūҵȡ̾ūҸԼƣ
˿￴ūȿڵ𣿡
ūһķǸǿ͵ȥˡľǷ󣬷ǺͰЩױ뽯˫歹ãڷֶŮѷֺõĶװ̧һԡ
ūЩŮӣԶԶľһҾվסλ˿ѡĹס˵ˣŮ
ѡһ£ǡ
ƲƲ죬С˵Щס˵ء
һ£ס죬Բˡ
˿ЦˣһȦ̾ǰҪɻˡ
⳰ڶˡ
ǵҲ˿˷ɢɨֻ´ɨҪ໨ʱ䣬һֱŴҲãŮ͹ȴɨһסȥٴɨʣµġסǵǽסһҲ顣
ºΪڵĴֱлһ˵ºڵӦǴ빫ǵĹ뽪һˣ˶ˣӶˡ˾ӳлλӣһһڱסļλΪ³ķ̻ɽҰ
ڽºס˴Ϊ󣬿ԶһڵˣԺͬסҲ÷
ǲԸģԸȴ˵
˵꣬Ӷһۣͬˡʣס
лЦ
лĬͷĬĬս֡
ɢŮһʮˣǶǸɹ˻ģڹмˮҲΪ㣬ڷǶʮŮָʹ£ܿͰѳлɨɾֻʣ̳ˡ
ϣŮȻסڽº
컹û֮ǰѾˡŮͬϯ̲סǰķ򣬽Ϊβǹȥأ
˶꣬ƺڵȴصһ˿档
ʱһŲǰŮֱ
ū߽ǰ¶һ˿Цͽ˹ȥ
ǵɫ˲ѿˡ
˿ӯӯԷ˵ãȥˡ


73 
ڽ˿ߺûɫףӿˣæߣץסĸ첲˵㣬ǧܼǶ˵㣬ӦÿЩùعŶԡ
ѾˡͷǶ˵ϲģǽǸˡ
Ŭס֣ͷģҲðġҡǰ˵ҲŴֻϲŮ
ӿǰĿ⣬ֹסǳ
鲻ôס
ֹ֮˼죬лѾˣ˿ʹʣŮ˹ȥ뿪ºټ졣
ٻĶǽ˿뽯
׳ŵӳŽ˿ûעʱﵽºȴ飬Щ֣֮ͲóȻܵºˡ
˵ǣȴ÷ͷǡ
ûмü
ӴͷǵɫҲÿ
ŮҲû˰취͵иūǺβֺأ
ǽ𣿡
Ҳһ⡣ѶˣǽˣǴˡ
˵˲Ҫ·ԽԽխˣҿǻȱлˣס˱ĵطϹˡ»زһǹȥ
ŭӣȴܶԳڳԣֻõͷǳĬΣֱԵˡūū
ҪֺôѵΪŲͻ𣿡
·˵øӲ˳ڳôܶ԰ô˵
̾ǵӣҵûͷ˵Ķԣǲý
֮ǰuͷ÷ǽ
˵Ů֮£ʱ˵ҿǶԴˡ
ȵ𣿡
˵֪⣬²ϲòҲ࿴
常ߺſӻס죬ѹֵÿлˣҹ뽯˶˽º
񵶽һ
ӱסͣķǣˮͣ䣬㣬ޣ㣬ӻ㣬һģ
һҹû˯һֱڴǰ棬ףӽºлİ񹬵ںڰзһĹ⻪СӰЯſ첽֡
ǽ˿ͽ
̶㵽£˹ȻߵлȻ˸ڵҲûг
£ȡϵλĴ߲ŻȥСȥ·º
̫ûгؼȴѾˡԽԽ£Խ¾ܵԽ졣ºߣȴÿһһ̾ͻᱻ˿
ūѾˣ͵Զºȥˮȴ˵˴Ӻˡ
ֻ½ĸŮˡ
ūȥڰһ۵Цˡ֪ҵŮ˵Ȳ˶á
Ԫ˸ǷŻվ£ӭ洵ҹô̹ǡūһЩˮҪԡǸŮġ
ūЦ˵ȵȵȰɣˡ
Ԫͷ˭ǰȥô˭ˣ
ūǸŮˡ
ԪŮˣ
ܽºʱֻͨСǿŵġˣһ߶ûĴˮԱߵĿ¯ϻŵ͵뼦
Ӧ緹˶ȥˣ
ûʱ룬ܽ˵ڡ
һͿ˴
ңŨϢ
վǰƺոȵ֣ӣɵӣôڣôˣ
ίѹ˵Уˮӿ
סӣޡǲ⼸ûмǣҵˣ
⻰ŭͷͷǰǽ֪ҽε˼⼸գǽǹʲôӣ
ƢЦҵĴգˡ˵վһҾ
ЦŭҲŭȥˡӵһμ𣬴ͶᣬҲԾڴǰҿڣҪ󣬲֪ΪΣǲ´
ֵӿɻң
͹㣡
Ц롭Ƴ˼εڳлͬסȷʵ̫㡣ɣסȥɡ
ȱ
һֻôǽǰûȾָ
ȴȰ裬ýºȥʰǽͰȥסӵ֣ϣ÷
յĻȥѾˣҲˡǣ˲˵ģȱϲ˵ס˵ȥ÷
ʹϲɫҲݺݵĽѵ˰һôҶȥº̫ˣ
ӹűŮ䣬Է˿ǾſŷҼѵľ壬Ӿ͹һ䱳У㶼ˣҲǱһΣһ´
˿¿󣬰ӱɫҰףվվǴʱľ壬ǰӣشš
˿̾ȻǷŮӣ˿ܽˡ
ǵˡūū㡣
˿ﾡû£ղŴǲ˵ҪΪðˡƺһҲ⣬˽ء
ɫǴͣ졣
һ֮䣬лͿ˴롣ŮҲȥΪϽ
˿ʱŷȥҹ̴޷ڻڴϡ
˿֧㡣
¡˿ﰴס˵ǰˣպЩˡ
ɫף˵㣬ա󣬴ͽ̣ƾܶҡ
˿üҽã˵ʲô治ѣǵǴ̫𣿡ԪڽҲܣСĹӣԴŮȻǲġ
ҡͷʮϧūū
˿￴ο֮̾ǰһġڿҾͷˡ
һ˿ԺͰķ̴㲻õġЦһ£ҿҲϲŮ
ȳлСһЩº
Ӱ˴򣬵ûдأֻһЩϡҩʱĵվˡ
Һ۰
ǹŻԺһøأ̾˿ĳ˵ӣǴ㲻̫ˡ
ӹԹϴžʹ߷ȥ·㣬Ưһ㣡
ŮҲ׷Ȱǿȥװ磬Ǵ䣬óһ·֬ͣױ
ƻ轫æָŰ˵
ӣҲ̫鷳ǰľС
ūʱ򣬷ڸͿ֬ӿūһҪæ𶯣
ūЦ˱𼱣ҪӷˡЦһ£·죬ߴ·
ŰӷЦ飬Ȼȥʱûˣһôʱ䶼û˽ȥͱ˿ˡ
ͿˣӸϽվ߰ɡ
ū԰˵롣ȻҲվķ˵ˣ
һ㶣ͼʮ룬̼Ͳóһϯ
Ҳˣ͵⡢⡭
ūߵ˿߰ɣҪôȼˡ
ӿŷǣӲĲ֪˵ʲôźã˵ԼȥˣǷǵȥգգۣѺͷӲȥôú򡣡
ãȻūºȴºϯʢ
ӿԪĽ١
ǿЦһ£гΡԪߣʳ֪ζƹѲԪʲôģ
Ϊʲôн´ŭ૵ūūֻǵĹ⡣
ԪҶϻۣҶ飬¡
ӼеҺ͹һʱѾʼɽ̵ˡ
ԪͷȷʵѧʶԨҶպð֣Ҿˡ
Ȼβлعӵн̵϶ѧܶණġ
ԪЦãããȻô˵Ҿ˰Ҷӻ
ԣһȥժǹӻؽ
ͷҲ̧һŮӵСӡ
ԪŭӦ͵ԣҲѵӻ
Ӧǡ˳ȥʱ͵͵һۣһɫϵᷢīŮӡ
ժǹպü춼θڲɽ髣˰ѺȥˣгɿͻһøԡԺָ˹½ˡ
һ춼ûٻʳˣȾܡ
Ц˵͵͵ԡ
治֪ôˣʽȣҲûжΪʲôôʳ
ȰЩӷֿԷɣһֻ
˵
ûЩһɢʱȤΪȥ׷ȴЩӶһ꣬ô׷ϣʱܵûЩԶˡ
˼ȻȺͽˣЩӲŨȤ
Ա͵ЩιȸȻ򡣽Ը̶ܴΧ˶ǽȡںǰֻ˳ʲôᷢ𣻺ƽʱ棬ʱҪѵֻѧ£ԶԽȺͽΪΪԼԽη塣
ЩڣԴЩѧʲôǡͬ顱ʲôǡѺá
ʱ¶İѽ䡣
Ҿͷİɣ㶼ġ
ôģ
䣺ǰѵûιԹ
ȷʵι˭ףòȻҪιӣúܣôܻУ
糿¥Щһιȸѽץָ㿴ûܣӱñˣ
˯ÿҪѲһ²һʱʱ˯ɣֻͷԡԡ
һĻЦ뵽Ľ͵ҲˣСµģ롭
֮ǰûСӣôСأ
վ¥ݿ˵
ʱҲˣ˸Ƿ˭

ͽɫˣһҲǸҲֵܽá
ʲô
˵Ƿ֮ӹСӻع
Сӣɲ뽪佻˸
Ԫ𽪵ˣýʲô


74 
ô죿
ƺѾЩСӿʼദĽֻһʱģֻҪȥһиı䡣
һعȥԽ˵¡
ȴԥȻԸһ˻ȥ᲻ܳͷ
Ҳ²ɡ뽫Сڹ⣬ҲؼһʱǲȻع⵽Ǵ˼Ƿ˵˼
һ͵֮ǰδСӣǹչˣСڻ˵ء˷ˣδǴСӣ˵λˡ
ĬĬҡҡͷǲ˽⽪Ԫ
ĸ˲ҪصǽԪѽҲ֮СֻҪôͲ⡣
ժǹǰţǰȻ£ȴϳǺͽһġշ⼸ˣûһ˿ĺЩȴĸԸ潪š
Щòмû˿𾴣ʲ˵Ƿ֮ӹСӻعǾȻס
֮һˣĳྐྵȻӣ˲졣Ҳ޾⣬վɲĳȥ湫ټ빫ӽȥԴ

ûô̵ĸоζʲôΪǴ֮˶մմϲȴѾվԶҲλá
մҲɶӣ᲻Ҳĵλأ
˵ʲôζȰûڣʧ䣬һ˿ʡ
վ̨£ժǹĴţܿһǣڹģ˹֮󣬾ͺܿӵеĶ
߲ͣ߹Ǹˣŵ˵ûǮΪ˸һȥڱǰԼĻ
ÿ·һƿ
ҪĴ߹ͭɶŽ
ܿˡ˵壬ףΪʲô֮ôˣͲУΪǴĺӣ
߳Խ˵ϴԺͻعˣذɡ
ҪԽ
Сˣ
ԭڴǰ̨ǰվ˴ʱ˷ܵΧץץţܿѽƷ
ס֣ס֣ôðңǴĶӣ
˺ЦЩ˶Ц˭˲ֻ֪йСӣģðϴ֮ӣ
Щ˶ѽƭӣӵβһپﳤȥ
һֱԱ߿ţסŸϻȥ˵أ
˲סˡѾ𣿡
̾Ѿˡ
˿ڿȸʱתתȥĽ䵣Ľһ˻ȥû£
Ӳصģͻȥ˵һ﹫Ըġ
߽ȺͽڶᡣղŽҪعȴǶˡ
ǸһȥֻŮȴǰһ˵ﻹнҪչ˺
أȿ˵ô죿㻹ôСס㻹ôСôһ˻ȥôô£е˶ڣֻԼ
ûԼܱȱԭôС
Ҳ¡˵
½ԪҪˣҲ£ٵ״ô⣬ܱȽȺͽúá
һֻǼġ
ĺ㣬һ֮ǰһѺ˸ɱġ
ȿ޵ֱһˣôС
Ž˵õģҡ
סֻ֣ˡ
ںҴ˸ϸɱɺ߰˸ţĨ˰ᣬڲ֪ΪʲôγеĲƲˡ
ӹҲǵʱԼΪʲôʱ̰Щ˶ߣΪʲôλعҪǶ¡
Ĳ
Ϊ̶Ѩ
Ϊ˱ܿǰŵĽƵţҪȥȴ˽̣Ҳһ
ϲĪǽҲҪĳ
Ļеİĳ˾ڹУĳǷڹɱˡ
Ц³ɱȫˣ޺
ɫʱףЦԳƣκɱ֮ɣҪ赲ĳ𣿡
ƽǹԸĳ̣
תˣʱͱ
ϣһҪСӽȥء
˵ҪɱĲǴߵһū֮ΪǶ衣
ҪɱˣֻԸһͿˣĳѵΪĳĵɱ˵С˵ģ
ȴ̿ɱСҹڴߣӰΡҪɱЩɱȴס
̣ŶĽ֮𣿡
̲һԣһɱɱǾ뽹߰ɡ
ŭβĳԲ֮䣡
ֻ˵ǽҵİ塣ζţūڽ֮ڽԪɺϡԽԪ᲻ᱻŪڹһȤҲûУֻڱԪ޳ȥǰȸɵū
ЩҪõĲֹǽ
һϢĻˡ


75 ع
ʱ֪عһ·ȴּˡ
Ϊڰ·ϾͱˣǱˣǡ׷һ·ĹⲡƺƵĳӣӦǽȥժǹ߾·ˡҪôǹһֱһڹ
Ҫô֪ɽع
뵽ˣڹⲲǰĽеĳһֱ˼
ӼȻô˵ɸҵĳ
ûһЩɹˣ˵糾ȷʵ뿪ʱôԲй
ڣһ¡
飬𣿡
ⲻæڳⵧҳ˳
ϵ߷³±ޣżߣĵķ˽Ų
һ˫д񣬡ĳ֪ˣ
ӶˡЦŮӺϡ
棬ĳɣ
ǰ򽯼ףŽ˿ΪˣȻڹ黹δ£Ѿа˳׼ˡⲺˣ֪һֱ׷
ڵ˵ĳһϲĶ̧ͷСĳκ֯ˣ
κ֯κ൱һ壬ҵȾ˵֯޷£֯õһ̣·ͷɵȥˣ·ֻκãκλܷ⣬¡
Щ˲Ĳƥϵ֣˿ԾκǾ
ôκ֯
Ⲿ֪¹Ȥ̾Ҿ˵ڸӵʱϷצһָͷٳָͷһָָֺ󣬴ŭȫץͷ̾˿Ӵκˡֵ̾Ҽ˵֯ŮӴӲޣҲ޻䣬֯Ůڼ֮֯ƣĳλԵɺϣõŮҵ֧ŮŮֻŮ˫ֽԱնϣǿָ֯Ů֯࣬ʱգҲ֯κĳԸŮڹ
˵Żʻ
͸ʱͣ£˵ӣѾ̨ˡԹһЦӿҪ³
ⲲһһӶ˵κ³³
塱ȥٴζⲿųʻ룬ŷӦ׷
׷ʮɣٴͣ£³빨ϳ
Ⲵʱ֪ʲôϷٿʹһĿбӵ˳ڳº󣬼ϴЦٵıԹƤϷŪĳ
Ҳٵ˵ӵ׷ҲϷŪ𣿡
һ𲻿ŵĿϲ̽˵ĳĳػ𹨌ŵĻݺģΪ֮ĳһⲶѡ
Ц˵Ҳ˵ãתͷ𳵴ⲼˣȾԼСŮһ仰͸񲻶߳ܣ̲סȥ⻰м档
սһͬ⣬˵ڿʲô
һۣűܿЩ
Ǿҵժ¥ˡָų⽥Ŀժ¥֮£Ψ
ӻǵһɣЦſ
ⲱٴģĳ֪ˣĳȥɣ
бŮЦ
ڳԣоȻһ˿ȻףȻΣȴ԰ܣͽƣ
˳ʻ޴ĳӣƮ̸ЦöժǹķǺܿ͵õϢ
ͽŮںΣɬӦǹԻһɫ꣬ؾǹ֮衣
üҡ
ҲժǹɸһŮӶ֮ͬĸֳܼгˡ
ŮҲЩʶģֹˡ
Ӿ԰ڳ⣬ڿ϶Ǳˣ
æŮ֪Ǻˣ
ŮĶйҵĳڰ˳Ĺҹӡ
ˣǲ򽯼ˣڿڣ۵Цˡǰ߱ˣǡǡ
ҲӦ˹ɫ粻Ȱ㣬ҿʱǱˡ˾٣ǲ˴º󡣡Ȼ֪ĸꡣ֮⹬еĵλȻһǧɡ
ԥҸ˵Ҫ̵
ǻС𣿡ӵ㣬ҪܹˣȽ̵СӰɡͣһ£Ҳ֪ǲһֱṫٵϼ졣
ǺðɡǷԸŮȹصժ¥ȥݷãȻСӽӹɡ
Ů׵ǡ
Ҳǵһμժ¥һ³Ͷժ¥ǺģеΧժ¥ȦŻصߣͰ͵ĳһۣ
ǣ˵ȥ¥Ͽ
Ⲷ֪ԼǸΪǣֶǸΪܵժ¥ˡ
ȵĸڽһһէģߵϻҪȣԭĳҲһȣľŴͣҲȴҪ̤У¥ݲô̤Ҳܳ񼼰
˶¥ҲȥԶȥҲŽ˵߱飺ԿŰ
ܿº

Ǹǳл
Ȼתһߣ̾ϧûͣȻɾˡ
ˣԸ⣬ļԸ빫
תͷǸòѾ£ûüڣһֻ̾µʱˡ
ⲵò꣬ʮֲԸԼɻ˵֮øһ֮£ͷϵķѳ£ذһͷ˫ǰԸԴ˷Ϊģ
۾ҪɳˣɶһⲿΣҪԱߵĴΡ˸ۣʹͷһϥϣǵȵ죬ժ¥һɹӹͣˮ
ɢͷˮˮèץһΪδʱһۣ
Ȼ¹ӵʱ۾ϸСҲգһƬﲨ
ⲴʱҲõҡһ룺氮ңһ̲סȥ꣬ĵΪޣ˶ҲУҵʱһҲǲܰ
ٿϹˡ
תһ룬ȻշˣȻҪһ֮ġõĿ⣬¶ַüһˮ顣
Ӳ˻ƻ뿪뿪ţ춼Ҫˡſϣ캮ϰɡ
ȺͽڶûĴ֮¾ͶˡϴԼ·̫ˣҲû취ֻһ˫ɡ
ϴڵе͵ƣ
һΪҡԼ£һɴһ߰·á
ӻعֻʱǲˡ
˿ﵱ󣬵Ȼٱǰġߡ
Ůڻǰɿţм߶Ҫ෴ֵý¡ٱǰߣ۵㡣
Ƿأ͸ץסһ㰡
ѹϡ
ϴͷһ˵֮ǰǲŮ
뻹С룿ʡ
˵С˴֣ԺҪˡ
̫˰ɣɻֿ𣿡
Ц˵ҪγƺԼķ˶ԣһ˶ò²Сôһ˫󣬷Ľءһ£С˺ܶ˵ο߻нֻ˸˵˲ǲˣﲻ˶ѡ
˵ʹͷ
ע⵽ˣȴ֪ôȰֵһ㶼޽ң෴Խҷǳ̡ʹΪʲôλԺͺˣȻ˵ӽūū͸˹ūūǹˡ
ĿʼһһΪ룬治ڣҶĽٷԸһ䣬᲻ᵹ
λعǰˡһңժǹǲǺ˽ǻŰɣ
عҪԵľнҵˣڣǺǻķӦΪĲοҲʡһĨڡ
ֻҪûץѵ֤ݣԸһ׵˲ǻˡ
ŮСӹȥ˵
ȥĶʵ
˵ǴҪ̵Сӡͷ˵
ߣԭҹ飬ý̽Ů𣿲ýĸŮɱȡ̣
ĸ˻Ƕƾϣһ֮ǰʶü⸽Ů𣿡
ͷҪʲô
ûʲô⼸ǲڣҲ֪ȥҳԵġ߶Щɡ
Ӧ£¥ʱȴùӦ뵽ʲô⡣
ֻǲϸ
ͷʧһЦֲùѾܺˡžˣ˭ŵġ


76 
ⲻȥշתߣһʱεԼȢ˹˴ϱҵϵǼ۸ڶļһﶼҪɫ˵һʱε뿡﹫ӣĺӶģ͵͵һũŮ͵飬µĺȴչͷʹʱ˵ˣʱ泵붯ףŵͷܡ
һƣ
˽ʣӣȥδ
ţεȥժ¥
˸ᷢһأʧ룬ްҶԹģϷΪ֤
˾ϲӿаնùģ
ⲲմմϲռңǶҶ˼ġ
˸߲ңӿҪŬŽСڡ
ᵽʢɫ仵ˣʢڷûɣҪǽʢڣҲûô¶ȥ׷
˵ûأ˵ͽʢڷǶһ
⻰ˡʤΣȴˡ
֮˵ʢȻڷ¸˵û֮ǰΰȥ׷ˡ
ɻΰѷ͸ˣô󷽣
һʱʰϣⲴû֦չ˱ǣŰͦص̨ȥһ·Ծ˶ڿֺ
ֱ̨ժ¥ȥȴŮӽժ¥ܣ߽ЩȻŵժ¥û뵽ﾹȻʮŮӣյһ󶦣¶Ѳ񣬶зУߣһ̧ſ⣬һ̧Ÿɱ߹߰ѿȫ붦УŮǶϲĺ
ǡĿɿڴĴҲɵۡ
ͷһָժ¥˵￴أʲô˳ԷⰮÿδŰ
ûжŶӵˣڻױƷûлΪ֮ǰҪɫֻܳԳǰЩŮ˶Ƶģιʲôɲˡ
¥¿ԽԽˣ˵Ժÿ춼
ǡͿúܣΪЩŮЩʲôɾȻֻǳԷ
Īǹֻǲ뿴Ƕӣ
¥µĹⲣӵˡ
һԱߵЦôá
˵ĽڲٲϣСһ㣬Ҫƭ˵ĵطҲҪһֱҾˡ
׺ߵͨ죬֪˵ʲôͶȥˡ
¥̤оˣɨһȦûʱһʧ䡣
ҺãһͶˣ¸

ȥζһ¹Ļŷֹ۸һʱζӳ£֪ôģϣϰҪȥҲ˵һңͲˡ
𽯼ң˺ͷˣǵøǶĺôЩʹļ䣬ˡ
ڣ̸˺ܸߣ顣ܲµù˵ʲô֪ù˵˺ܶ¡
磬ѽ˿ͽҶûؾܵȥˣʢ֪׷ȥֵڷֵòɿΰڼбŲ֪ڸʲô
ӪѷͽĵڶͲˣ֪ΪʲôֳӪΪûģֳ˶ڳЦӪСۡ
ǹģйڵġС˱׿ڳѹ³һ˵֮ò֮ʤʤ꽯յõκź󣬾ھƺ̾һҲ
Ѿˣ
ЦλʹᵽģֻǴδ飬Ҳ֪üκôҲܲѰ
κ򣬲ϯģ룬ŽΰһҾ֪ʱ
ΰܴʱ˵⣬ĳΪ
ϯЦ˵ˣ˵λ֮⣬ҲϺ񡣡
ΰܴ
ϯ˵Ϊ棬ǰ֮
ϯǺ󣬴潯ΰʢڷǵţΰ򣬿һ۾ӳȥԴ˵ץ
ʰӦá
ΰ򣬴һԼȿѾҹˣ˵ˣЩʳɡ
ΰͿˡ
һϡˮһһȰҲԵɡ
ΰȴһΣԴӽȥ󣬽ΰڼоÿֻϡֻ£ˣҲ˻Ϻ죬˯ϯǱ
˵Ѿֻ¿¹ˡ
һ鲻֪ʲô
Ƿ⽯˿ΪĹ飬ǽҾͻΪʸ֮ģŮԻȻһ鲻̸¼룬Ƿ
¶ڵһ顣
ΰķһգǾȥ硣
˵ĵ᲻ܵǣ
ΰƽ˿ǽŮѡ͸óеһС


77 ״
ÿ춼衣֪Ϊʲôÿժ¥ǰö⣬֧֣Եһֻбڶùĵ˵ˡ
ЩŮ˱·͵·Ͷŷǣֻʹˣ޷̺򣬳ԵҲֻǴֲڵĸɱЩпԣǾֻиɱֻܺˮﾡ䣬ʱһȶðǲһձһڿ죬ڹˡ
ٹ֮ЩŮӭ裬߸һ֮þֺܵù
ʱǲƥ֬ϡ
Ȱֻ֬ˣ˿ûȥҲסҲòأֻҪ֬;㹻ˡ
յ֬óⶫòյһֱţʱҲûϣó
ЩŮյ֬󶼽ڻУе̲סʱʹˮӰױԼ
Χм䣬ЩŮȻϲò˵ĻȴеĴһ
ǾȻʱȥºҪȥܴܲͬȥ
ɫˣΪЩŮ˻Ϊԣû뵽ôʵ
ⲵɫҲԣЩŮӡ֡ͷü
һ֪ʲôʱܷ֡һֱûͶɫ˶壬˵Ľڲ١ȻֻҪƯŮ⡣
ԶĸŮɫȹķ٣һ·Ĳӣһ֪ǷŮ
Цˡ
ǵһǲһˣų̂׾͸ˡڶ죬ժ¥ͿˣŮժ¥ǰԺȲͣŮ˱ˣûٻ죬ˡȻǽĸˡ
ǲʽ
ΪҪһۣͻȻʹⲣ˵˵˭ǵҾƥ˿ôָŮ˵
ⲴЦαͶأվǰһٹıͣˣ¥µŮ˷׷̧ͷָϹЩŮ˵ĸŮ˵˭ȡ˵ұһƥ
ŮǶʱ׷ȹӣЦĸͷԵŮŮǷӦʱѾˣЩŮ˰ڵϽ˳͵ǵЬͷϵķ
ּǿ˾̻ˡ
һƬУҵĸŮᱼȥһءǿŮǻʮֻ׵ֱ۸߸߾šսƷⲼˣͳͳͣ
Ҳ̽ͷ¥º
¥µŮ˿˵ļԾȻЩսƷ¥ӡҲЩŮΪŮǴűǺõ·˯ڴϣԵҲǺõöࡣϲЩˣÿýȥǳ⣬֬ϲĹˣ
̫ŮǱܻףŭվסҪȥʲô
ƿ㲻ҪܣҪȥ
ӱƿѾĸŮȥºˣֻøϽϡϵºǰˣ;ֱȥȼЦ
ӿŲȥȴ§ŽڳЦȻˣ
ĸûŮ߲ѵĴͷףڴ棬ܽʱŭڱһЦͷˡ
˾١ʵδţŭ
СڽԪ飬̽˵棬ӦԷ˲
Ƕݺݵĵɽɭ˵֮ĸڼҲˣ˲Żѧ
û˵꣬һһӽԪﵯָŷǣ㡢㡭
ӸϽ˵ԪУֻпģǧҪ
Ԫ§סδ֮У
״һϥжڲ࣬ūˡ
Ԫ۾Űӣνһ֣
ɫһףٿӶ¶ĶҧҧӦǡ
ˣ˿ʹɫ˭֪ǾŲҧ˾ٲףӦǸ
ֻҧվڷһߣȻף˿ɲܹǰ껹ʮֻ֪꣬ϷŪŮǴȥԹҲ빫̸һ̸ᵽԼأ
Ԫӿӡ
˵ڵأš
ҲһѾŵöˣ׳ŵӣūūﲻˡ
ԪǣЦǷŮ
ǻһû
ӶȥԪȣŭūū˵ˡūū
Ԫ߿ūȥ빫
ūȥͽнȥ빫ɫϻȥӹǻˣȴ˰ڹãûһ˵ȥӹɫͱѿˡ
ūȰǰܺãڲǱԻֻһѣҲй磬ý䲻ڹ˶óںúȥ繫㻹Ҫⳤ̾Ҿ͸һԵ֣ȻҲһá
˵õȷʵˣβý䲻ڣȥҽأ
ūˣȥ˿Ը߹ѹ״ˡ
üĸˣΪʲô潪
ūһ̽Ȼˣһ˳ˡ¶΢ЦڵͷпЦ
ˣҾ͸߽һתҪߣͣ£ū˵л
ǰūֵϲҪū̺򣬶ūЩҲȷʵᣬūܻ˵ºЩˣʶ˭˭ĵ˭мֵ֪ܶһֱڵһ𣬲ſڵǶΪˣ䣬Ҫǿöˡ
ūܳңҵЦͽԶ󣬲űܿ͵Цԭ˾ȻˣȤ
šҪúø˵ͷժ¥Զʱ롰ȼҪȸ˸״Ȼ˵Ҫūڴˣ潪⡣з֪Ͷūˣ֪вС
ûժ¥ŵ˳Ʈζժ¥ǰٹġŮ˺󣬸Ǿˡ
˸ˡȿһܿϳǽֵܣС
ͷȥȻ
ѾˣζһƮ¥Ҳ緹潪͹ⲰֳʿڵĴС̧ͷūūȥɣ
һ˵պˣһðɡ
ȥô;Ƚȱץס˾ơˣǰûȹƣŹζǵýԪʱϹеġơ˵ǺĶԪ
ŵζ롰һҲûʲôβȣԶȲˡһڣͱԱ˵ӣ͸һһĶ
һȫˣͷסڽߡ
Юһõ͵⻬Ͳˣûζü飬
˽ƺֻص˵ļ
Ƚι⡣
˾ƾҪϽ⡣һι
ⲿĽԾʱӦûչߣͷ˵ӡҪе
һʱ֪룬֪Ǹýס˻Ǹñܿ
һŹҹȥѸⲰһ˵ڵأؿڻһգί˿ϧĳ
͵ûദ˾֪˺ܻ˳
ʱƾҲˣ롭ȥǰ״ˡ
̲Ҫϧˣֱߣеʣأ
Ҫȥȥ
ⲺվתԽ˵ĳȸˡ˵־¹߲̫ãһʱ
ȥصҡûָ
ϲԶԶԣչأĳ̽
һղӾͼįºȥ빫Ӿǡ
ãֵӾ¥ȺĴˣ˲䲻Ӱ
ܵ졣Ц
ҲЩţƵϡ˵ġ
ƿá뿴һڽԪ˵׹ܲá˼գǸǳһŮȻ㶯ûСôһ£Ҳл˵Ǳ߸һ
ֻԼˡ
ֻóȥ׼ơȥϣǣѽ
ƿ֪Ҫȥ˵Ӷ̧ˣһ̤һ
ƣŮ˶ıܿһŮ׳ŵʽȥһ𣿿Ҫūū棿
ϣֱͦԾʮ䣬ŮЦȥº
ȺŮ˶ʱ
ѾǺüˣʱɨһۣ˵Ըͬȥ
һߵŮˣ嵽ǰūūԸ⣡
ƹüʵĿǸŮˣվǰ棡ΪβҪҿתȥ˵ūūȥūūȥ
ͷƹãǵŮˣû뵽ϴɾ֮ȻôС࡭ʮꣿ
Ҫż㳤ſԡ
ƹòķſס֣ȽԶ˲Ų󣿡
ԱһŮЦؿץһѣ̫Сˣ
ƹþһŮһţ˫ۣˣҲϲһЩ𣿡Ϊֻϲ


78 
ѾԽԽӲˡ
ȥй;ӻҲҳʱѾеˡ
һҲӣ§ڻ˵ι²⣬ôҲ壿
ֻգ˫ϽֲͷӳҭǰӲãҪ㡣
̾һû˵㰡̫ˡ
֮󣬴ͱŰӣңףһʱϣԼһʱϣûĸŮҲڵɪɪ
ûŵȹԺǵǸԼš
嶯ˡçײˡ
Ҫ岮ҲѹҪúֺùֻǡֻǡ
ʱ⴫ͨժǹ
ǻҿţߵĸŮͼԼ
ĽŲȴֹһܶ༫ĽŲһ𣬻л
Ųˣȹţһ
Ȼһ˿ٵܹߣǸܹȥֻܿЩ˵ıӰԾкüŮˣ
ҲһһСשɫ¡ϵ߹һۣžתͷԴȻеߣ
һӸں棬òðӿһ۾Ͳ죬Ͻͷβ˹ڹɢҵȹڴ湫ѵľ졣
һ̽һ£뿪ߡ
Ԫ̷ˣתͷ˵ӹԽ˵Ƿˡ
Цӯӯ˵
Щ֪룬ط׵ҵ佱
ʽԪ𣿡
Ԫһֱ֪ɫҲܻ顣˰˷Ů϶Ҳ޵ķʸ̽һЩ˶жȨ
ĺӸ֪ĿɽҲܹ̽Ȩ
᲻ð޳ȥ
Ԫ΢Ц룬ҹҶǷǷȫǷʳů
ǺͰӵĽȥ
Цÿж̻ˡ
ԪЦָǣǸ˸ǹ
һʱ֪ʲôλʹĬĬ߽ܸоĿڴĿⲻޣҲûж⣬ǵĴ
ԪָŷǶԽ˵ðòã
һ¸ղʱԪŮ˵λã˹ⲵĻָŰӵҪˡ
ԪЦʣΪΣǲ𣿡
˶µģϣڴˣϣûûȡ衣
˹˵Ҫˡ
Ц
˻ȥľ㶣һʯ
ӵǷǣ̽ŶԽѧʶԨԶԶǸӽѧϰػ棡
ԪԪ԰һЦתͷҲȰҶԹԵģϲӣðɺã
ίҡͷתתǲԽԪӾȵĿΧתȦ幫ԶԶ
ʱĸЩŮʹ˸ɫ
ЩŮ˶ڳ߷̹ģԺڲ࣬һ˫ۣӽͰĹһԡ
ʾ󣬲ŸȥŮᱧסԪ˫ȣЦ쿪˫ۣ¶С½󣬵סԪܡ
ԪͿ⼸ˣǵ⹬ŮӦöϽˣǲ֪⼸ôڽ
վϣץסȻ齣ҲҪ
ԪססҲŭȥץһŮ˱Ͷס֣ܣ
ЦҲԶΧŽԪܡԪҲϵĸֻÿȥץһŮ뻳Уסôץ
ڶʱ
ӺͷǶˣĸŮˣ⣬࿴˼ۣܵ˵н䴦ܳ裬ŮҶԴֻȡǵʲôϷˣ
էֲ֪룬Ҳȥץһ˫֣һһֱԱߵ
Ǹ߸ŮۼֱֿӰѰƵ˽Ԫ
Ԫ̽§סӲţЦҶܣ
Ȼ򡱣ȹӶŮ˵ܣ˵ܣŮ˽
ԪЩŮֵòᣬˣ紦֪˶ٱ飬ʱҲЩ⶯
ӱڻвţɬūū
ȴԪֱӱڵ
ڵ⣬ʱڴŶ
ĸŮĹˣ߰ɣ
ֻ漲ߡ
˽ºԼղŵһһ̯Уֻ뾡
ĸŮֻܽ
ʱһŮ˲ԶϵĽ˵ӣײ
ܴ谮ֱҲûἰĸĸţҲɶ塣ǴϵģҲûǰֱ˹ĸ塣
ɼ
Ůһ׷Ϸˡ
ϣǸưӵŮеߡ˵һʼֻǿŮƯŨüĿھ͸ϲĴ
ʲô֣ʡ
Ůūūˡ˵
ˣͷ
Ůһɬ
̴𣿡
˵ͷ۾һ
ʣ֪λô谮𣿡
ʱеԺˣɵҡҡͷ֮;ɥĵͷ
˵ղѴҪŮƵˡ
ͷ˼ƶǶĵ˵ͷϽȴֹڲøˣɡ
ˣ֪롣
ͷЦҪҰʱҰɡ


79 
ûգֻǵԼ뿪ʱͷɽࡣɽû·ɽףÿγɽҪȺӡ
ҼһŮŮԹɽˮĶ顣
Ǹ˴ʱŮӶĽΪҪȥˡ
ҲǺӡȻ뿪˼磬Ҳǵøĸʲôؼҵ·ǵˣڼҴû·ÿһ˶ˡǸɽ˵ͽ˰ɡ
շת̨˰ܶŮ˶ͽ̨һһһЩĶ˳ȥˡЩҪ˳ȥŮ˿޽飬ȴԱ˳ȥ
˶ȺУҲߡʱʮꡣ
޴̨ɹһ˲ֵأÿٷԵĶǸɱشԾԣظɻд˿
Ҳܿ¡һ죬ͬһСͲˣĴȥңɽһվڸߴС֣˸Ͻˡ
Ǹָ㿴ܣͻᱻЩץߡ
Щ¡µ˴ҴִҴ뿪
סڱǣº̫
ҵǸˣʲô
Сű˿׵Ƥ㷢۾ִԲ촽֬ǺģĹʵƱĵһֻСöĸתʯĳפ㡣
סˣס˵Ҫˡؼˡصǵļȥˡס˵ҪͿ֬˸·ǵҪһȹӴ
һ㣿
˲ԹԵĻڶ·ʱһȥʷʴģ֣ҶЦ·ǵһЦ˵ܺá
ģ˶ˡЩƯġҫ۵Ľ㲻ڴߣǳˮס⹬Ů˶ϲЩƯˣǲסߵÿһж
ֻ֪ʱﵽߣϣõ谮һӡ
ûкӡֻҪһӣҲúˡ
ЩѧôȥôôԸⱧǣʱ򣬴һֱûжסĸ¸ŪŵӣɳƵЦˣˣˡ
ϡҴ˵ʻĴӡڴϣϸ
ס˵ԶԴҪԴճСһᡣϲķִзӦˣ˵ģһ
ʱ洫ŲŵܣĴЦ
֮Ҳûм
˵ˣڱˣǸ׵󣬴ƣĻ΢΢̵֡

죬ܶܽĴǲҽͺҲˣܵ棬˱˼ҡǼ˵ǹŮˣʹӦ£ϣóǮ
ƭˣ˵Ǯڹܳʱ̫ûãԺһǮóǡ֮󣬹Žգ˵ڹȫɱˣÿһ춼гʬ壬˵ˣˣеķ˶ˡ
һֱòǮǼҵ˾ˣȻһֱˡ˺ܶβ㱻ץЩ˶ġҲ˺ܶһڹеŮˣ֮Ҷ˳˵ҲԣǻҸɷ򡣡
з̴˸Ը޸ɷȰˣһ߰ɡ
˵Ҳ̴ܷҾͻؼȥ
ɼأһҲǵˡ
µĴ̸ϻЩŮеĸȴǵġɷ򡱸ס˻ֻûصУΪ޴ȥ
һͬ
Ǹټˣ˵仰涣˵ӿ޵䣬飬Ҳ
ȥܶһ˾ˣҲܻҲûһӵħצö֮Щ˾ͺˡ
˿ܻЦ
´һˡصֻ̨վڽ̨ϼһˣ֮ҲûֹҪˣҪŮҪˡЩÿ춼˻һףȴûг˵ӿ
˶Ĵһ㺦µģǸһ
ңǡûгԵģûкȵġ͵͵סǰסķҲûܡ죬ǾͶڽºʱЩǳԵģȴռǵıˡ
˳ˣǰƯˣʳȴҪͼŮ˾һǻõʳ
ǸָܻʳŮ˵Ժ谮ҪҺá
˴Ӧһã
ŹԶȥıӰ
˵Ҫղ
ҪҰɡ
תܣֹסӿһ˿ϲ
Ӧ
ûл˽ºǵù˵ղĶԣģǰһŮƵҪǸŮߣֻҪƼΣӦþܵõĳ谮˰ɣ
ºҪסһǵȥܽȥʱ˵ǸղŸŹġ

˵ĽŲ죬ºĻ̿Ҳȥ˲١ȴûˡ
ʱڵŮ˼ٵĺ
ȣ߽ȥ
ڵϣŻǸ˷ڼϣ˵ţίأѩ׵˫ƺӿ
̽߹ȥץס˵֣ס
һŲˣһ½Ԫȴ֣ǵŮˣЦǺˣ
૵ūūǡǽºŮ
ºԪˣϸſӣ̧˵°ͣαŮ
ҡͷūūǴŮ
ӸϽӼæҵİ·˿ǰס֣·ŭĻӿ֣ʲôһŭеǹŮΪʲôδ䣬ɫ䣬תͷȥ
ϲϲŭ˿ͷҴҴ·Ҫߡ
ǰס
ֻϽ뿪֪ôˡ
ÿŭ
ԪҲˣЦιˣ
ŹĻŵ˵򡢷ΪҪ뿪۴ɫߺ˵ڴˣǷˣһҲ᲻뿪
һӲ֪˵ʲôæȥȻūūūūȻԸ뿪ֻǡֻǡ
߹ȥŰӣƵС
Ԫ˳ƱסӣΪѺ͵ǣ֪ŷǣԽϣͷȴСں棬ղ˵ĻԺͻڽºɡ
˾ϲĪŷ˴˳ȥԾͶڵſڣʱʱһۣ᲻ȥأ
һи˽ˣһվǵˣǴߵġ
ūڵſŸŮȴǷŮղŶڵϵӾ֪ˡ
˭ڿֻŮڴϵ
˶ʵ˵Ҫڽº
ūЦ˵Ǻˣ˵˵¡
ҡͷūﴳſ˫ȥ
ū˿ЦǸģ
ҡͷ
ūٶôģ
˱տڲԣǵõǸ˵Ҫ˭߱ˡ
ʱٴŲūѸٱܿŮڵĶһ͵
ĽŲԽԽ쵽ºˣֻҪһ뵽ҹͻ
ÿһԼһʬ⡣
Ҹ߽㣬Ϊɴ֪ūԲŻôο£ô˵ĳڣ
ڵŸŮһۣʲôҲŮ֮ȴ˳
ľϲСŮ
˷ֲ⹬еŮˣȴ֪һʣǷˡǰǸǷˡ
Ƿˡ
ٵҾ͸ˡתߣ˾ֱһǸҲ󣬺ܿˡ
ʱڵڽˣ̽ȥڴǰūūڴˣ
ԪūŽ˵ģû뵽Цղ𣿡
˵һˣһˡǸˣǸҲˡ
ԪŲɫѾˡ
ǽﵽˣһˣūΪȥأ
˼ȴ˵Ҫʲô룬±ס˫ȣҪūū̺ԡ
Ԫס˫ȣǼŮҲϲģΪʲôסң
˵ס߲ˡ
Ԫ𣿡
ҡͷûʱһֱﲻġ
ӶڴϣװԼ˯ˡǸŮԺ󣬴ҴҰ·ϣͷܻ
ŮѸٰȥԡͷ
ȵȣҪȥ㣡ӵ
ŮǷģǴСŰӳ󣬴ʱסӵȱȥԡȥǡ
Ӳ⣬ȴŮӲȥԡء
ֻǷǻô
㻹𣿡
̫áŮ˵ҪվôУѾעʧ˴ģѵҲҪѴԽԽԶ𣡡
סˡ
棬ŮĻת뿪


80 糿
ϣŮ֪ΰο
ǣ£κ˶治˵ġŮͺͷǲ࣬ѾСӣŷǣʱԼĺӣŮˣ˸˺ͲҶһ࣬ϣûԶ˵ġŮ̾˿Ͱӣʱڣô󣬰Ӿֻˡ
ǶǷˡǸɬ˵
ȻбȰӸǿĵطŮ˵ȥ̵ô˵ͻ˾񡣡
ͻȻɹҲԸҪҵĽ̵
ŮȰף֪ôǣɲܾˡ룬ǱľĲŽģѵֻһͰԼΪŮŶ𣿡
ס죬ҡͷ
Ůϵˮ΢Цǣú˯һȥ
죬Ůȵ񣬲ҪĽ̵ڲ㵱Ҫһȥ۷ȵ׿Ը⺰㡮һգɡ
˺ܸˣ˵һҹĻҪˣҪ˵ءıȥժǹȣ߹ˣˡˣǸŮˣڽºˣԺһ취ҲȥºҲȥ̺ġ
ߵ·ȴ˷ˡϽ㵽һԣƺȥժǹ·ܿȥţ
ң˴˸ٻȥǵڡϴ֣Ҫŵ벻˻ܻţ̲סԺҪˣ֣˵ġ
˽ӹ棬̲סҧһڣίֲ˵ҿ𣿡
߽˵أȻҪҡ
ƶǶҲᵽĳŵôɣǸҪŵ
ΣҪʱңһᾡܵľ㡣ǰףʵҲᣬʮ߻ʮꣿ֪̽Ԫʲô£ܻȴԼҪģֻ˳ˮ۶ѣֻοԼʵŮȥһ·
ʵҪţҲҪԪǱߵһһֻҪ˳ΪĸŮеһ̣Ϊ⹬Ůе·ơڣŮ˻ġ
ĬĬ˵ͷھͰӸˡһѣȥİɡ
˸˵ЩŮˣȲϢǶ֪ôģҲȲ˵ǴǶôᣬǶôᣬֱǸĻҪ󣬸ů
˵Сӵ¡ĹٸǷͻͷˣǾһһ˵Ļû˻᲻ӵˣϻӲ޹ϵƻе÷񣻶ǵֻҲڹײ÷顣ʱǷҲܵ˺ġ
ǲȥסɡ˵
û˵췢ˣ϶ŮױƵˡ򣬽շֻҪٳͻһΣ÷ǳ󣬷ŮҲûʸĻ
Ȼһܻˣ̫ˣڵʱҲ̫ˡʵ᲻÷ᡣֻȳŮǱ߳кټваɡ
׹ڴʲô⣬еҾ÷˴ϼҲҪʱٷŭҲеңֱˣ͵Ǹ빫ԣ
֪İ취ڸձһ˷ᣬһķŵڶ Ŀж٣ûаٷ֮һ
ڶֻūͣûķΨһõҲֻԼݡ
þȫֻһʧ
ϥǲ𡭡ԸһֻСεķļģҭסˡ
ûū͡ð˺ͷð
ſ˵һ÷˵Ļһ仰סˡ
һū͵ͷ˽£÷빫һū͵Դ𣿡ԲĶͷȻ˼⣡ڶһ£
ʱܴĿģҲҪһĴۡ¥⣬˴ĸŮӰѾ߽ˣԼȥͲȥˡ㲻𣿡
һۣۿĪЩȣһʱȻ֪˵ʲô͵ɡūūҲδػ
ūðϳŮĿж٣ֻɣֺαðɵأڰ֣ˣ˿쵽ˣȥɡҪ£ĹɡʵֻҪųȥѾǸɱˡ
¥ʱŲ̫ȣĻзڣؿվǰʱԾĲһЦʱٻʢ
ǶĸŮЩ㶡
ԭǷˡ΢Ц롣ڷ̨׺ĸŮ棬ǰһ˲ľʾͣ½Ų
ǵһ߽ժ¥СʱԶ̨Ǹߴ̨ϣֻժ¥̽ͷ
ʱժ¥Ŀоһĵط
ƺ߽һ磬ժ¥ˣʵȴңԶˡ
ժ¥˹ľӴڼ𱸹ݣɴùסժ¥ԳƳ⣬û˿סժ¥
ժ¥
̨ף¶ȻһƵ졣ɲסţǸ컯Ц赭д˵ݡ
ʱӲӺ쵽أСȥÿһݷƣһ
˵ʱϲ±ܣ¥ݻᷢ㶯ء
ڳЦڳЦ𣿣


81 
ϣ߰ŭǵİ취콪Ԫ˵ģָһһʦѧ
ûʦ˶ʮѧȻһֱܹԣҲʦССʮΰɣ˵Ǻܷḻġ
ҷƺǸ׷ŭˣӦòѡ
¶ĺ󣬷¥ˣӽŲߵԽԽԽԽأ֪Ǽժ¥ŵ˻ʲôСƺڵ˶еηߣ¥ıֲڹܵʮ׸ߵĵطʱӦ
һӾĻҲ򵥣ǰһžͺˡ
ȻͿ˷ǣ鿴ʲôˡ
ڷͣ˵ˣðݼˡ
ˣ񡣡
ˡ
һ㶼ڽȫˣ̫̫ˣô֪ôˡ
Ǹūͻڲͣ˵࣬ôбǰµĿƺ뿴ô
ߴٵˣιʲ񣿡
ǼŮĻŭԹ˵ý̵ūͣʧ񣬾ζʧ񣬱˲ūͣȴˡ
ƵҲ˵дˣιʲ񣿡
һһ˵ΪǴķˣӦ񡣡
Цеģһֻ֣ˣ㣬Żһ顮ˡȴ˵ҪǷˣǺʱƸΪ˵ģƸڣ
ǶȻ
һιʱ˵ģ֪롢Ƹ飿ֲ֪һ᲻أǺǣһһȤԸǰһۣ
ԭʱҪȢ䳼ӼҵŮΪ޻ˣҲҪƸģ¸ּܰ˼ŮšʵϸҲ˶١ڱϣҪƸƸΪʾ֣أĳŮҼأƸҲûе¡
ⲾΪԪҪȢӪŮ֮λпԼԵס
ܵ׵ҲǿԾ׵ģ
Ϊ䲻ԼŮԾܾŮ޸
Ӫ᲻ΪԪ֮λأ
ⶼʾԪĿǰֻǿͷϽŮʵûǷ֤
ԣܷҪƸˡ
ܳժ¥ſէȥԾɡ
ʵ˺ǣֻҪǲͽôֽԪû߱ûͻǾͲ֪ΪʲôһֱĿͽϡ
ҪסӰǸӣ˾ըˣըһǸ㣿
˵ҿӦòˡ̵ŮȴָýƸԴԾӣ󶪴ˡ
û˵ΪǺˣοģ˿϶Ը£ǲȥҴ״ġ
ʵʱ˵ǳߣС߸곤Ϳˡ˵ֻŲ񣬼ŭû뵽͸ôһöԲԼΪʲôѿڶǴķأ
ĽԪ
һֻӬ
ǡǡŮ÷Ǻް취ͰԼ˭Ҳ
ôˣŵ㣿㣡ǰӣҽȥ
Ҫǿ˵
ӼòУŮ㵽ôˣ
ŮҲ֪ʱǶ¥£ȥ˴죬Ҳʵڲôժ¥ҷֻ˼Ϣѣ˵ðô̵ʱ䣬ʲôأ
ǻ˭ҲԼǶ֪¥ϵ׷ʲô
һţ㣡
ɷǾǲϿšתҪȥժ¥Ҫȥʹ׶Խʲô
ŮæסɾڴʱŴˣվ԰˵ȥ
Ǳ۾׵ǰ߲ۡ
㣡˹ȥס㣬ôˣ
ķס˻ص¡ŮǴҴҶˮϴСģΪǵɫǺ㣬˺ܴĴֱԡŮաһ
ǽһ곤õŮ֣ܻؼȥʸ𣿴׺ʱȥƸ
ʱ˶֪¥ʲôˡ˶ƿˡӳĬĴͷ
Ǽɬ˵ֻȥ̨ˡͻȻӿµʱαҲǸԺͽƸģ
ȷʵһ޷رܵ¡
ֺ󣬹ֳʹһǵһμôġѾڴˡΪʲôûƸأ
Ϊصǣΰ֪ΪαŲԷ˵ǺϢʱҲԵòô㡣ӪΪҪŮҪӪŮΪʼ¼ɷˣҪװԺ󶼲ٽˡ
Ƹ飬Ӫ˵ǣڲƸ϶ԭġֻҪȵƸͿˣûʲôõĵģ
ȷʵֻˣһи󣬽ҶǷҼԵ÷ҾĲѾ˵ҼԼˣҵˣͲҪˣ˵ӪϽƴġ
ԷҵǶΪǲȥߴٴˡοֻΪˡǺͰӶ˵ǽ鹫Ҳܶ꽪ӭȢƽ̨סһžлʲô
ּǰƤܲ˱˵ô˵
Ҳ֣ʹ֣Ǻ͹ΪʲôͣڼʱܵദĶܽҲǺ·ģôϲأ
ֵ̣ܽ
ǾûжȰȰ𣿰أ㹫ϲǵƢӰ氮֣ǹҲӦϲӰ
ӷ̴ʱȥ鹫
ֻȥҷӪ÷׺ͷuڣڹеǸ㲻ס
빫ͣƺһЩ϶
׵ǹãһ˵һ߿Ӫ
uһͶˣ̾˿
Ӫ˽ԼŮһƬ̣÷ѹ̵ֽ֣ڹίβ棿
һά㲻
ӪƽŮҪŮ˸״İ취
һ͵ЦӪڽ̣һβУͶ漸Σܻġ
ҪԸͲܱǿӲ
򣬵˵ιʲƸҰӶΣ԰ҲȣΪĴӪǿȥһġ
Ӫ˵ֻͨõͷýסͷ
ڷҶ꣬λͬӪװҲڴǰֱԵ빫ڶĿùеİںεأ
uˣֻǰѹߣ˵𴦣u£Է裬ùϢŭʵ֣ڹǰǷ
ñֱĿν
u˵֣ǰڹٰڼӣڹ㣿
̾β֪ðǶһ޽Сͷ
ͷǰǰֵ𣿡
u֣ڹܳʮ꣬ȴӽ̨һԾ£󣬽粻ҲˣҲֻǵð𣿡
ΪʲôôӣΪһŮ裬ӱ㣬ֻȷuС꣬˼һ𳤴ġʱαλƸŮӪԸ˷ǣǷ裬Ͳˡ
裬ᡣ
uôȥǵڶ衣
ŭҲðǱ
uƵɰڹУ
ֶ촽˵
u뽯Ů񻹲֣ΪʲôҪȥ﹫
ֱǰȥ﹫ǹϲǲŹôѵ˭ǹǱ˵Ĵ𣿡
uǹҪǣǰҪ
ֵּ϶԰Ǻãػǳ
u޻˵ˡ
ָûعˣ뿪ǰ˵ͷ˼ǰǣǿġҡͷҴȥҲ֡
uȥ׵βȰһȰ˵ΪֻҪ϶԰ǺãǷҿվΪáϲСҪǲ޸ʢѵҪΪ𣿡
u̾ͽҲֻˡ
ڡּ˷uڷǴܵĵڶ죬uˡǽҲ̲סһ䣺ϡ͡
uΪҾ빫ˡ
Цһ£u
uƴǣˡ
ҵ𣿡Цʡ
uֵŮðġ
΢΢˵ͷ˵
u̾һʣѾͽ̸Ļ¡
⣬û˸߹ӷuʱǸšֻܽ͹̬ȡ
˭
ʢuǲϲˣÿ¾ԸΪݻ
ǷҸĳ롣
Ҫʲôһ֪
Ƭ̣ͻȻԷu˵Ҳϲʢ
uе涼ˣԾԥһ£ȻܾӭȢʸ֮ġ˶ڶԴʢԴ˸֮£ɲҪ
ЦȻǾҴӦһɣ˲¡
uĬΣȰСڷ߳󣬶кôġǲܻСӵģҵĿģӦ´Ķӡ
ѵҲ룿
u˵ʵ󣬰ӺͰǶлᡣ
ʮֳ谮ˡ
ٵġu϶нڣôῴŮˣ
п´ĶӣǾ޿ܡСڰϥ³󣬾ǵĶһu
ԡҲղŵķuһȻܾҵĵܵܣҲκˣ
uⷬܳԾںܾ֮ǰӪͶԹСӣͼСڲǴ˵ѡ
ҲҪýŷu˵һҲúÿ˷˵ġ
uֵ繫Ը


82 Ϊ
һ֮ıϮ̨
ҹ˱ܵ˯ڶ¥ԺŲ֪ժǹĽôû÷ˮӦòõġ
Ҵ¥ݵһڽϣȻȥÿһȴ¥Ϊ˹ǣеŴԴ򿪣ȫλǵĹ飬ʵҲһ޴ͤƽʱǺܺãʱͲôˡ
ش̽ͷ̸ܵ˴Ŀ¶ٱ½ȡ
ڴߣūūڴˡ
Ϊ¡
˵ҶһӰɣ𶳻ˡ
Цصǣ˶ˣջ𡣡߶˯ʯϵģͻȻɴͶ׼緹ˡ
ˣԾ
磬˯ɡʣ˯ūū
Ҳ˯ˣһͺ˯û취Ľǣ֪ʱµǮﹻá
˵ūūճȥְɣعͿʼƽΪ֣Ϊ׵ܣԽȽҲд㡣
Ȼȥڳſ϶㡣
ͣ˰ɡ
һͣˣ⻤ǺӱǣֵŢһˡ
ȥժǹʪܵġһ¥µ©һĽûд㹻ʳ仯ôңȡڻ᲻ûдҩȵȡ
˼죬Ʋǳһˡ
¡ֻü·ͷҲһ¾ȹҺȥˣ˵ǵĹء
˿߻ൣģҺöû¡
Ҹߴ֣£Ҳ¡Цд˲ʳ˵ǰˣǮ˸֣ʳΡ
Цǵ֪༦Ѽ죬ʱǶ죬죬СܼҲԲСһ֣ùŻСܣС֣ܿ͵͵ɶȴСһ࣬СŲ˵Ҫˡ
˾ʣûģһȴⲻ񽪵
ЦСǶֵСץסֻ죬Ȼ˸С׷϶죬ֻա
̾ƢʲôʱܸĹ
ȰǣҿСƢҲãպ󲻻Կ
ż˲Կ˾͸óԿˡ񡢽Ž𣿡
ҪһЩģǽǶܣվŰ򡣡
ҲǸõϢˡ
ȥϴϴͷһַԸֻǸһһֻ귢һʹ⺮
ɾϵ¥ָĻŹšǰڶˡǰȥڿֵܽá
˸Ϣ˵
Цȥһ˸ϢʲôϢ
˵콵꣬Ϊûмֶֶ칬˴ֶˮΪˮ£̨ʮյıꡣ
ֶǵһ³˵٣ĶӺӷֱǳҲٵˣûүүȥˡ
̫ʲôʱ룿
Ҳ֪ǵõľ񻰴˵ڳֶ󣬵ھżΪ˴󺵣³˺ܶˣû취ҲûˮͳԵˣܵɽȥޣ޵ᶼɿʼѪֶ۶ӣˮ֮꣬ǵĳڶ̰ѶȥˣʱҲ۶ӣİѶҲ칬һĴ³ʱҲ칬٣˽ˣ˵Уֹ³ٵ
³λӦÿϼǹˣҲǼ
е㲻ԣ𣿡
ҪġڴΪ£Ҳ
ˡ
ÿһ³ҪǽԪȥ˭α
Ӫվ£Ļͷ۲ѡ
涼ִԡ׵
Ӫ˵׵ڲ֪ʵءǰǼƴӣմմϲڲ֪̫ˡ
Ӫǲ˵
׿ıӰٲȥΰٱŲҪʲôɾû˹ˡ
û취ܡӪʵڰͷͽˣһֱڵǳ֣һֱΪûʱתͷԷ׵λ͸ðʹӭ⣬˼룬ǵĹ
׵ӭʹӲֻҪӭʹ𣿡һûеλزӣɽһ;ˣڲŲģֻҪӭؽʶѡ
ԹŸӣִܡӪλֻܳ丸αӭʹӣΪǲҲġ¹嶼ߣαλԪعλ̳еͳζġ
Цϵõ˵ͨǻʲôαλʮ꣬Ϊûһҳ𣿡֮ˣαƾʲôʮλ
׵ģЩ¾͸úͿһ㣡
Ӫû˵곯λҲΪô壬ȼģɳ˳˳ʮ³˶ǽġտ˾ٹçײ嶯Ļ˼ǵóٴڴġ
ңҲĸŮˣǣסͽҡ
еСˡ
Ԫǰƿµĵһ飬ȥ
ūף


83 粨
ʵںܲۡʹǱӣ˶õܹϲڹҲ벻һö֮ȺоȻһνĽɫʱ벻ûʱ
Ľнº֮дһֻϻֱ߳ժ¥ȥпģǲȥͶ֪Ǻ
һĽǽҲԳժ¥ȥˡ˵ʱ⣬е˶ȥԡƽʱ⣬ֻԼȥɽвԣɽǲ¹ȣȴҪֹǣֳڸɽв¹Ҫ͸õġֻһЩС
һڵϵ˶һţЦȥҲѣѣͿ֬ˣ
ҪţȻô᳤˺ӣô𣿡˺Ц
ˮġ
òײˣժ¥ˮ¥Ͽ۵ίˣһܶС
γԣǰڽֻܱÿֻԡʱܱǣһȦҲ棬أ
̤̤ǰһˣܹȥŽһȦܻժ¥¥һ̤ӣһͷڡ
˽
ҪסеϻģҪȥ˵ĵ
֪ǷǵĽã˭治֪
Ƿķķ
ūĻ˵һ˵ˡ
û뵽˵ɵʣң֪𣿡
ҡҡͷˡ
˵ⲻֵϰߡ
ǰˡҪôð֮ǰսʱһضû˵Ϊ䲻ڹģⶼһˣջعʱڸ±ʱǰ
ԼͻȻ뵽ģġ
ûҵҡūָа˵ţǰҸÿŶһ̨֣գסϡңڶš
Һܺңһֻһ˼ҡ
ҴŽգţֱţȻƲģŷһȦһСŴ򿪣һ㼷˽ȥ
ǷҴˣû뵽һǿţһʱûӦнȥˣӦҪʽͱʵϣ֮ںδҪ
˰ѻʻȥǹ·ţԽ
ΪܰиţĴ
˴˵ĻҲΪ͵͵ӪϽڰӸսʱȥΣһ·ǮһŮҲûнȥڹд԰ܴ谮ֲŵġϾŮͽȥ˳˳ġ
ˣæʣڹпɺã
һԲӻͳľϻڷǰУ֪빫ɸӦУ
ˡ
ûԥ̫ãºܿͻᱻе֪ĸˣſڣһҪסȴľϻŽӺߣﵽǰӵҲ㣬ƿȴľϻһס
ּ
ɫòҰסּ꣬պҪȥġ³һ԰µּܻһֻ֡
վͼһ
ף·һľľϵּ͹ϵһּϸɫͽľֵ
ľ򣬰ѹײڻУľдҪȥӭؽʣΥּʬǲ档
Ĺľ
ĴŽŴ˳÷ûǰˣҵ飬ֱӳֳǣͣɽֱȥˮ
ʵɳǺ֮ʿȥɳǰ͵ˮᣬҲʱ泵ˮ
ǰߣŷӪ֪ˣ̺ףȥ׷
ϣзҲͽȥ
Ҳ֪ж鷳ȥ׷
ͽڴϻŴҵľ鲼ŷܵĴʡ
Ĵ˿УԷ˵˱أ˵շ´εԶ˰̱˷ˣȥ׷Ǵ˰ƥյԶˡ
ϾĿһͷ·ȫʪ˵ˣ˲ٶ׷˹ȥͻȻתͷ򰶱ߵĴڴϣ
㲻ˣһǮңҪھͿ
缱ұȺӱƽһٿǮķϣڿˡ
׿⴬ӭŷ˿ˣºӣ캰㲻ȥ
ѾˣվӭŷԷһҾұȥ
˿ڳơˡΪǵãڹеŮ
뵽ˣˮ쵽һ飬źӰϵķһҾתȥˡ
Ǹ˱ץ˻̾ϵӣӵ˵ϡ˼ˣͶУȥ
׻ʪֵȡҼ
ǴһԽ꣬ڴϣ׻ת߰ɣ׷ˣ
׻صңһʪܵӪǰ
Ӫ֪û׷̾ڹУ᲻Ů
׺ݺݵİѼڵϣ
ĺݣԣݺ
Ӫݣôܰô꣬շתأۣǰһֱΪԼ̫СģڿСġ
ΰܱŲɽСֳЦǡ̫ˡ
ŭ²
ԪӼһվΪһų޹ˡû뵽һߣ
ҽϢ˼գͽʬǣ˻̨Ϣ³ˡ
ӿңӪ·ӪƲҲУӿĲǰ
빫Ǻ⣡
빫׷ҵ𣿡
빫ΪβȰһȰ
ҴŻţΰڷﶼĳ
˵˵ӪҲΧ˺ܶˡ
ΰӪ϶ֻ˯ɰȾˡǣ¶һЦЦ˵ûӪأʵһͶ
ſڣ磬Ұѽʢץˡ
ΰ
ûжתȥʢͱ£ڷǱū͹ʾɣϽ͵͵ȥ˵лȥˣһȥͱסһֻӣҹ˻ڻˮ˭ϲʢ
ʢס죬˽ΰֳؽ
һ̧֣ϡ
˽ʢ㸿˴֮䣬̧ҡҡλθڽʢӡڣȴҲûʲôáʣµŮ˶Υ䡣
佫ŽŴľ󣬵պӴͽʳˮ˭룬
ʢڵ㻹ţҲšĻŬǰͷײţذС
֪ˣ
ڽΰʱ͸ûòĻ
ڴǰʢͷ״Ŀ¶
̾һȡжذγʣӽȥԼ⿪
תȥʢ˼£Ųȥſżذף³鲼վɽǣڴǰ𣺡ˮͷ·и£
صΰµΣ
ΰѴӷҵûվҪӭؽˡ
䵣ĵҪΪǸΣ
ΰΡ
ֵҪô죿
ΰ˶ˣҪϾͷϰɡ
һ룬ЦˣҲǣǽԼ£ǲٵʲôģŴŴĳЦ涼Ǻ´˵˰ǽҶ£ʲô
ô£ΰȽʹҾʹǹ١
ֵܣͽΰαĹ٣ة࣬ΰ˾ֵܣһһ䡣ڽˣΰ˾ǱҪǵġ
һӦЦôǣʱҪϵ


84 
һҩնŷ꿪ֻһֻ̿¯˴ͲˡĴʵ׵ӣҲĵܵܣͬܵܳñסû֮ʱŴΪǸףŴ˵ʹޣڣٰѰͽȥ
ϲĺӣûжӣһֻŮ裬İ衭ôˡְͽôᣬǵð贩ŷȹͷЦ˵ȶСӣҪ
ټ裬һ߱ʬ塣ôСڹײرͷʪģ·ûͰͳˡڰĹľǰס֣ĺֱӪ˸֪޵½ʪ͸ˡ
ʱſڹײһȥǷӪ˰̧ºſԼʳ
һֱ뱨氢豨
ŻȥҴҵƷ
ڰӽÿһε˾߹ײĻ
ĵܹȥƿ׸ǣǰȻǵİ裡İӣ
ͺˡ
ũŮũŮŲƥκͽشˡСڷ߳ͬͬԣûпһ۵ף׽ˡ
ϴס˵ޣޡ
һҹöˣ˴ҩЩ˼Ķ˵飬ɡ
Ƿ껹ʱ˳ġΪձ͵ʱ꣬һֱũỤ̊ڷһ쵽Ҫ̡ʱѾˣͲˣֻýι֮ϷΪ顣־ôķòףҲһСˣ֪ǽҾУٸġЦңС˸ϲ֡˸Сȡġ
ˮڣֶյں
Ĭ
˶֪ЩǷﻰֹαԺ󡢽˷Ӫ
Ȼϡ
˰ͺȲˣԹһӶˮ
ʣµģһ̸ɱ÷ᡣ
ǾͿ쵽ˡ˵ǽʵĹײġǰǷǣҪҪƹȥʷ
˵ưɡڷеǲǽ룿
Ͳˡ
˵ǰ˵ʢͻȻ֪ȥҲ֪ǲǱ뺦ˡ
ûʲôġ˵֮ӣѧֶγǸҲѪ
һƽƽĳӾôƹǣֳȥ
ˡſϣŴƺͶһ
һƤϣ
ŻƤǹģڳ֯һͺᷢһڷڶ䡣
콪ԺͲˣһ£˼طȻû֪ȥˡ
ЩƺͶֲôϤ˵ĺίʵЩ˭֪˺ü˲ʶǲ֪ȥĶˡ
ǽ䣬һᶼ֪Ϊ⽨ժǹоȻв䶼òˡ
˵ҪȥҡɷҺҲûʲô£⼸գԪǱߺӰ룬˵ȥŮסˡˣеŮ˶Ľĺܣ˵˶ڹﲻˣ˶ЦƯΣǲִϲ
ֻýԪҲ̫Щ
ȥǸڽº˵ȷʵңʳԶһҲ
𣿡
ȴ֣谮ˣôа˵һʼõʱЬûУȥȥ
ž˵ֻǽȥǣȴѷ˽ҡ
ڽҵ˿ɲ٣н뻤Żãڽｯΰһ֪֮Ρ
ܻˡϵĹ£ͬﲻҾھȳϣҲˡִܻ¿ʼȥҸظأ
ҡͷͷūūʧˡϺŽ룬ֺܸйϵκһ˵İ
תȥժǹǣҲһϵ˵ʲôʱڽĶġڵ˺ûΪ߻ϰߣ˵
Ƴ˹ڽšշ磬ϵһӶͣ˽ý˲˵Ŀ⣬Ĵ粻һ֪˭ҳɱ˶Ҳпܡ
ͻȻԶḶ̌ʱ˹֮ҲӰû뵽ȻȾơ
˼ۣ˵Ļװû
ԶԶЦһ£ͷԱߵĴֺһھơ
ֺҼأʮͣһ鲼סۣû϶Ư
Ц»ǼײȥӻͳһǮе˵ߣʱ⸽׻Եʮֺȫˡ
Ǯ͹ǡ̵ȶپƾͺȶ٣ԶٱͳԶ٣


85 ̿
ժǹûʱһֻմ꽫ò׶̨䣬ʯܾɥһֿʼ̨
̨ΧĵŢȴŽͣҲһ
Žؽܣͷ½ӭ෴ǽͷܡ
⣬ȴЦתԽ𣺡Ҫعˣ
ŲͷԽ𣺡أ
ˣҲЦ
ȥɸɾģ࣬Ͳָ߽ժǹ˵ȥ˵
ô𣿡
˵ƽʱįǶڣҲ֡еĿȸҪһֻȥ齪
˵ķΪѹ𣿡
ĴǷŮӽᣬΪʧ֮λͰȥˣŴǸȸŹû÷˳ͷ
˼Ƭ̣ҡͷȷʵ˹״ްǷڴǰ˵ϻö˳谮Ϊǡ
˵һͿʼüվߣȺͽڶڣתתȥ˵һȥɣѹһ˶£ʵǲġ
˵ȥҲûʲôáȥ˰Ů˺ͺҲУֻԼܷ
˵ȷʵһ֮ˡԴҲΪһ˾ܻ˹ĵĻҲǴеģûнȼˣܽõġʵ̫׹Ϊʲôý䱣ȼҲԼߣԼĲƲȫЩˣǻá֪ԽǵĸȶԴĸҲѽ伸˵ɹε˿
ת˼Ȧʵ벻취һµĴԼȭͷ
˵ѽ˴ȥ
æ˵ԣԣȥʰ
˵ó
ҲҪģȱЬˡǰ¶ɽȺͽڹԼˣΪЩԷŮãû뵽ǻ¹ŲˣĻЩĺӾͻǿá
Ȼܱ֤ЩӶһһ湫ģ˵Ҳб̽ӣЩ˽֮Ƥ£淴鷳̽Ҳ̽ӵġô
˸һѾˣֻСժǹԵúˣѾֳһء
˵Ҫ̳ȥͰˮ˵ϴϴɾ
СĽҲæѵ·ЬӣˮͰǰˮϣͰˮܿͰ˸ȴϴɾͷϵҲϸĵı˴˰æϴɾ
˸˴ҴҰԼı춼˸·ϣǰ
ǴһʼûдǣºǺܺãһվǰľס
ֻȸȥýͽȥ
˸߲ѵģȺͽҲϽʱǴµĺöýȥ
˵ܺãҪǣԼҪչ˺Լ˵
˵ӸһЩȥɣʲôûС
ҲøٸЩȥæסЩǹǵġ
ǣô죿
е֣ǿ߰ɡ
仹ֵǮĲһڳϡ
ȸһֻȸ鲼ţվɷڳϡվڳϣϳ̾ʮΧ׷׵ȥūū
Ҫūū棿
ժǹ߰ٶ࣬ȫΪūƽʱǾͰʯǹ̧ʯһЩϲʱڹʱд裬Ҳÿ춼ҪţúõͣõҪÿķǰٰ䣬Ӯ߿Գ⡢ȾƣԶٱͳԶٱ
û뵽侹ôӵ湫
˼ƽʱúõ˸Ž
عһ·ϣЩ˵֣ػڹǰΪЩ˼޼յе֪еĸ֪ǻŽֻһԭǳԱ
һɸߵ׳ʲôĳʶý
һ㶣ЦǸʿ
һҡУȻʮעĿܿϳժǹĳǰЩʱչժǹܶ˷˴ƣܿͻعˣɲЩ˿ĵطʱʶһ˸ϽؼĻһಽʣǻعʲô
ý鲼һǣ¶ȸϵ˷̾
ô񣡡
Ưë
ʲô񣿡
ЦϹڴˣԽǧɵժǹūūҪȥ
찡
񣡡
Ȼ񣡡
ϸ˱ĸȸĳŭХ
벻ȴһҲ
ʱ򿪲óһֻӽУȸеĳԾͲˡ
ʶ˾֣̾氡
ɴΪ˿̵صΪ˶꣬ۿ֣ιô񣬽ϵ˲ⱼ档
Ȼժǹ
Ȼǹ
˵ǡ
Ǽ˽ˣǺܿһˣǵĶΧ˶ν̾ԭ
ֲá
ԺڸղӦýס̵ģǾͿץסЩˡͻѹеϢݳȻĿǰûжԹʲô˺¾ܷݣһҪҳ˭
ֻü⼸˵ףԺлһҪ£
ū£ͷһ˵鲼էһ·ϵɪһ
ȺпƣźƺƵȺǸߴӣһľ޴Ҳ̾ԽԽˡ
ʱ֡ԪԽöѣ̵ܽ⽪ǴѧЩ£ڹ˶ԹȤȶԴȤ
¶ζڵǱڽʱ˳۶ˡٿղȺ﹫ˣѾע⵽ˣǾͲˡ
˼ūԼǮ
˵ǮǻĻǼٵģժǹǴĺ𣿡
ūһʲôȻˣʱ͵͵ڻаһ£̿вصǮ
ūȺ굽ԱߵСˡԥһǸȥūǰԽԽ죬ҲļӿŲ
Ķˣ
ҵϻǮ
ūڽסͳذס
˷ͷĸһˣӱȥһ˵Ĳϣ
Ѫ˾ĻͷסҪܣūץסĶ£˾ûͷ״һȥ
ūϵȥһˣ編ƺ󣬽·Ŵȥ
ʱɫϼûʲôˡ
ūŻع˿򣬴һȥһͷҲˣūһɣһְסذףһץסǮ
߹ȥĬĬӿŲž͸о׷Ӧһ˴˱
ūһ֣Ǯӵ
һ˱ҲǮȥǮˡʱūٵʹ̣ס˱˸ţһҽУ
Ǯ˷ӦҲ
ūγذҪˣȴǸ˵ץס첲˴󺰣׳ʿ
ˣ
ū̧ͷȻԱߵݶϾͶһˣ֪ʲôʱģ˾޽ͷ
ū굽˵棬˭֪˾Ȼ⣬һǲҽе
һ˰ˡ
صʬѹϣūѹûһҲ˿ҷɣסʬҽҲĽһ£
Ǹ̿ͣ
ǺоĴ̿ͣ
˭Ĵ̿ɱأһСֻ̿أ
֪ô£ū뵽ժǹ
ǹ
ɹҡѵ֪̿ͣʲôǴ̿ȥ̿أ
ôһ룬ūΪǹˣ߾ǹɱ̿͵Ҳǹ
߻ˣһǷuһǹⲡⲣǷuпܣ
ūʬ屧Ͷ̿ͣһԾԱߵ˼ҡ̿ϣĴأ֪ﲻܶһǽķ󵽵ƾŶ·Ϥ˦˴̿͡
ū˺۵Ļصºڰ
ԪûӣҪ
ӵūū衣
ô˵ģӽ˴ûô䰮
Ԫ˵һ裬Ӳ˿𣿡
޷ֻóŵպȥѧ裬һ֪ˣ裬Ҳø裬ȻԸô֪鲻ãҲδؾô
ԵҹԽԽ࣬ӶԻô谮ҲԽԽûˡ
ūȵҹżԪһˣʱϵ˿ðѪͿˣҲԵøˡ
һڵϡ
ԪҹһĻǰѰһ󣬲ūߣ㣿
ūҡͷ֪ǻ׷ȥ־ȻǸ̿͡
Ԫɫ䣬̿ڹ


86 
ǰ˸˵ҪŮõСܲͷʱ
֪ˣȰõ̫ˡǲ֮ժ¥ֻ¥µǼߺ̺ĸһҲûС˸СͯȻ˴ãƽʱŹߺҲ׳׳ơ
ߺ׳ƣ⻰ˣû뵽ôӵ
ý룬ְѽǽһһСƵǰǰǰǣǵ𣿡
Ȼǵá˵һ һȺСӳŽڵʱĴĿ֮кҲֱǵڿ¡µǹǰˣҲֻº͵˵ƽʱûʲô½ʲô͸ʲôɡ
۵һ˿ҵֻ֮
⻰ǰǵģͬҲǾ档
ڹߣֻйһˡ֮Ҳʧ֮䣡ǶɽҪμ
˲ؼ飬˽ЩӣΪףӵֻҪǸܵĶ飬պҪѹҲס
ŵһ˫ƵĴ۾գֻڽͣš
ߵץһǻæҵģõǣϽһ߼һϢŭūūã
ɴӶڽȥǼӷ֣Ȼȥˡ
Ҵȥ·ǴҪ⼸Źˡ
꣬˸ӻȻһˣǱ̹ˣûйԹվһԲ˵Сߵߣ˵
ϻһװµĴ˵ūū㽲Сӵ°ɣ
£ҺǣҰɡ
˵СҲ빫
˲̨֪ĸ˵СֻҪһȽڽ˵Ҫعܣ
ŤͷǸС壡
תͷһرкӣͷ΢ë۾ɫģЩƯһ
Խĭͷ
죬Ӳż½Сܵر죡Ƚڽ㶼׷ϡ
ǴӽϵõУʦͨˡܡһܡǰȻϲ£ֻǡ㱻ҲĲë˵ѾˣΪۡ
ǲϲ·ϴϴϴϴȵȡôأ
ܡ
СܵÿˤȺͽҲҺ׷ͨһܣֻں溰
ܵøˡ
ЦǿӴһ㣬˵ϻСȥιȸȸӽȥıȥץȸβͣȸȥҺӣСӰһӣܣײ˴֡
Ƕ˿ڣҲˡο־ĵġ
峤úãûȥǰͱ˽̹Ҫϲϲ̲סСӻôɱ˴ȸ˳أ
ֿĵѵҲ˿֮·ûУҲȥŻһ
ǰΪʲôڹŴụ֪̃˵˵жµʱʵźҪãǧʱһüˣϰʱȥͨһ·߹֪ٸңԲͨҲ⡣ûвĶǿȸˡпܵ鱨ǲĳһǮΨһһ˱ˣֵص˱ˣûʳΣụ̂ܵһܹˣ߸һ㣬˻ͨйǲﶼ⣬ǸõĹǸˡ
һٻ񣬽ѾֱˣȣǿȥԱߵ棬һ㱻һк̰ס档
ͽǶסֽŵĿŽ塣
彩ӲЦ˵档
˫֣棬Ц˵á
˿ǸǶԽЦһ¡
ЩӡһȺֵܡ
ǡ
һˣټįŹţںǼ죬¹һ仰û˵Ͽú
ȻѽǴǶԵġ
¥һڵߣ࣬ºʲôֵĶ𣿡
ЩȻԷңڷҲֻ߶ѡѾϸǵ˫ֺ˫ţȷǰǸɴֻģ񲻻˵³ԡҵ磬˵һй޹ļ塣мˣǷðվ̫ˣ߲߽ժ¥Ҳ˹ߣмĻ̫١
Ҳߵô
Ժ󣬾ࡣ
רɱߣ־˵ɱҰࡣɱΪɱҰ࣬ܰԼңҲΪ⼼գ빫ӲŻѡ
׳ԸԹЧң
ࣺūūԸ⣬ֻǹϲūūֻϲ棡Ǹֻķ
ϲĿ⣬ͣ㣬ôóԵأ
ǼϤҲ죬ϴξ˵ڴǰ״湫¡ȻڷҴ֪꣬ǣҲ˵һ˵ǵҲ֪ӵϲʳ⣬ֻϲ򣬲ϲࡣ
ϲˣ࣬һˡ
ٲһֻ࣬ɱԡڹֻطʳЩÿչȥͽº⡣˾˵סڽºʱºȴûȡøļ
ʣûʲô룬Ц˵ǵ˺öȥֻ⼸գͷҹҹҪԡء
һ
ĺϲˡ


87 
֪һͷˣÿһ춼
Ӫվ£Ƶı̿գԵķ˵˵ΪʹӵĹ𣿡֮ǰͣµ꣬ɣ
û˵ǵʱ³ʲôʱ̨°գû䣬УʹǶô˰ŭڹϱۡ
ʱǸСĲǵһĸһȰ䳯
˭뵽³أ
u߽˵ˡ
棬Ǿ޴߹æԶ㣬һͷȴֻ棬׷ô׷ˣ
ڶ¥Ц֣ܽժ¥ȸҲβŵ¥ôֻ׷أ
Ц¥ȥſȸȥˡȸ£ϵë֯Ҫ
֮񣡡վǰ¥ǰĿȸСͯĶ£Ȼչβͣеˣ
ʱ¥µߣǻժ¥ĹŮ̲סΧ£ǿȸˣǶβͣ¥ǰȥ
״ȥιǱһں汧һ͡
ЩŮҾ˵˺üС̣ͯ
ã
Ǹÿ
ò죬£ɫ۾͸ıʯһ
⼸Сͯһγժ¥ʱ˹˵ע⣬ҵĿܿͱֻˣ֮ЩСͯѵó𣿡
ŮϲЩСͯ׷ͶǣгԵõģҲǮۣ֬вٶǽǰЩŮ˵ġ
֪Ҳչɵ𽪹ҲϲҲ͹ȻֻһЩˮԼ᲻óһڡЩŮҲϲĶ͸ϲˡ
˵ȥˡ۹ⲣǹҶӡ
ⲵɫʱˡ
߹ǰܺԼվһҲ鷳Լܵ£Ӧǲ֪ġԼȫԺ󣬹ҾЩˣһֱڹϯزȫڼ̼¡
Ҷӽй㣬͹ֵܡ
ⲵѾԶˣҵһʶϻڽңǽ˵ǹ㣬Ҳ֪õܡ
Ⲻֳ߽ǹҵ¡
ǶӣȥˡȻеڶȴδҵļ̳ˡһ¾ڳ׺󣬰ü޸ȥĴӣ֮þסڹعѡĴҲ̸ӣԼ
Ⲳϲ㣬¹һμعҾסԼǸԺҲ㣬ͽ˿£˵ΰǲǿڹԹⲺȵķϾġȻһǵĹ֮ӣȢ֮ŮǷġ
ˣǴ֮ǸɵӡЦҿɵӡ
ֻù㵽ܹܵԵ󣬾˲
ĽԪ
ûмǰŹⲵжϡ
ǵһνݼ
Ԫع£һֱŲιҼҶŽºȹ磬Ϣ֮ϯˡ
ǽ游ġ
ҸȥǰʹڲѡͺĹŸȫͬ泤룬вʤ̬֮κ˿ĵһ𣬶ΪǸˡ
ڽԪǰ̬ľȻ˫ûᣬеȴܵеıʹ֮⡣
ʱ򣬽Ԫлڣ뿴ҵЦһϯˣٿ˴ݺ֮С
һ³ƮҡĻϢ̫ˣһһˣһֵ֪˭
ߵ׵Ҹ棬֪أԭ¡
Ĵ˹ϯ¹ڡ˰塣
ߵҸڹУü
е˶ŴˣУǹϯ𣿵еӼ丸ʬڴϲȥռǹϯհ죬ҲǲТ
ԪҲסˡ
¹ҵ̺ҡߵ˸ͷ·Ьӣ⿪ͷڣˡ
е˶ŴˣȻ
ū˲ϵˣ͵͵ﵽԪߣҡҡ֣˵ס
ԪԥҪҪ˳ˮùҹˣ³ĴԽԽáūعйôߵȥͳ˲֮ˡ
еסɣ
де˷׷״ȥ׷㣬
ɾ

ɣ㣡
ְ˽Űѹ˻
ȥһˣǱˣȫǻңϵ·Ҳ˳߰㣬ͷҲˣ˿ûôÿˡ
ԪϰߣɣĵĺͿˡ̾һҲ߰³ʧȥ֮ˡ˵꣬޵£סˡ
һޣū˿
ҲľȻ㶣ͨһ˵ϣ𣿴ҹңҪҹҰȻ״Ʒ֫ŵԪǰסԪһֻžͿޡ
жʱһƬ
İϸһǽºǱߵģɵϯǺ𾴵𣿡
ЦˣǹֶΣߣСӣˣˣɫ˵ʱҲ֪ô˵ģ˵ҼһŮ˵ˣǿɻҰºҾȻƴӣպɲҪĻһֶţ
ڽº޻󱻴ͳϢܿ촫˽ҡ
ΰһԽ˼ҵĶӣҵĶʡġأ
ӽʮһ꣬ΰͰкеߣһ󣬾Ͱϥ¡
ȥˡתͷȥѰ
˭֪С˵ȥˡ
һΰǰĴɩȥȥɣ
ΰվ͵ˣҿܻӭӡʱðպ߱
ʱȥɡ
ΰ㲻ȥаȥ
̫С˰ɣ
ʮһ꣬Сˡΰ𣿡
ԥʱŮֻԼȫܹˣҲˡ
ΰüŮϧˡ׵ܣԼҵִţ
һʱ֮䣬ΰҲ벻֮ŮʺϽ¡
ٵȵȿɡΰ̾һж֮硣
Ѿȫˡ
ۿ쵽ˣ³ѵЬҴ䣬Ըϳİ㵽һȥҪϳ
ߵţŵ׿϶ĥѪ
鿴ֻðˣֻӣϷ̫ˡ
Ϸ¼١մĨĨ
ϷͺܲңЬ´ûþͶˣµǻãʱĥˡֲаæᷢϴϰߡԷԼôţҲаǽԵʡΪܿȽʡҪ󣬴һ
ȥ
ƥ͹ײϸŵĽŹپͰˡڣײϵĽȴǺöһȺТ
ȳȥ֪̾һҵˣҲĿˡ
֨֨ƵϹһһѪӡǽЬϰˣŵ˺룬·С˼ǰɽҲûĥƽţοƽء
һ˳ڹϣֳƺͻȻʲôԵĸ˵˶֪ӭؽʣҲɵ֪µģʱʲô׵ģʱ߹ĵطһȺȺ˻¹ߵףſŸڳ̨ȥ
ҸĸԪӭ̨ǰֵķͻȻͷҲˣЬҲܵˡ޽ܵǰסŵĹײģ
󲻹ģϢϹ˶һޣصġͷġ˺µġذҪԼģÿ˶һϷ
ĬĬվߵԪߣ˵ģʹ˻Ϊǧ³˱Լ
ԪһСվߣɵʣļҵĶɣ
ߵ˸ͷǽɣ
ǰֹһվЩûڴϣСߵߣ˭
Ҳʶ˵ӣⲹǱߡָһߡ
㿴ȥⲾ޴ǹһС࣬С߻һꡣ
Ǿժǹˡ
վ߹ȥ¹¡
һ޲ܰѹ
쵽ߡ
ǿ˽Ԫ˵ǹײǰϿ޲޲ޣ޵òҲңĻûӰ죬ǲޣʢ빨Ҳ˾ͷȢ
Ҫǿһܸıˣһȥޡ
ĻҲֻǿȥһۡ
ȥһЦ¶΢Ц
ǲ
кˣȴп棬ȡ滹Ǳܺأ
룬ײȥ
ŭΪʲô
ӭȢĳԸһ֮
ⲻɵ棿
磬һѵ᲻𣿡
ⲣΪ㲻Ȣ˵Ȣֻ
ƵңҲϣҲʹĲź빫䡣
ϸϸ˼һɣϢŭ⣬˵ģҾ㡣
Ȼ档


88 
ΰͽնû֣ҪһԽ̬ȡףټɵңܲѽ
ȴô⡣
ɥԼϲ㣿
ΰѽеߣ˵ɡ
ǰǼӣȻ˺ܾòӣԽԸȲ񽯱룬Ҳʢڽҵ۵һһΣźˣȴ
Ҳȥˡͷ
һж˳ҪŴӹײǰվʱȥˡ
伱Ǹ߹㣡תһ߷ͺˣ
ͷţۿˣ૵һˡ

Ԫֻſޣͷ̧ҲòˣһʼͲҿʶ̧ţΧ̫ˣ˶͵ˣվסˡ
ޣһĻһҧ˽һѣ
ǰڽĿߴ£ϡͿĹȥԪãȻѹ
뽪ûᡣǲ֪ԼҲÿޣһ㶼޲Ҳȫޡ
ȻԪŮ԰ѽԪعڡ佪ԪѶ˵Ĳ˻عײǰޡ
˾ͶˡͽһֱԱߣһֱѿ޻ȥüصĽԪͻؽºص˶뿪
£Ͳ֪ˡ
ҪŭΰǰĴ
Ҫɿȴΰ˵㵱ʱΪʲôڹأ
һʱ֪ô
Ϊβڹ
ȻΪǸŮˣǽʢȢŮˣոջ£
ԭʶľ͸˾롣
ΰ㵱ʱڹ˵ڻڴߣҲ㡣ȴˣȥʲô壿
һ
ΰȥһɡ»㻹Ͳùˡ
ĶȻһԭػȡЩʲôֲ֪Լʲôۿǿˡ
ߺ󣬽ԥ磬Ŀ𣿡̫ˡ
ΰðǿԽ̵ġûгᣬûɻϰߣһúõδزá̾˿˰
ٱȽʢҪãһʲôˣʱһΪ˸á
ʵĹײı˱鷳ڲſʼΰͷӪŲļҲҷŵֱԡ
㽻丸¹˰壬Լȴͷβûнα٣磬游޹֮ϻۣϵ̫ˮ峺Ʋ㴼Ҳûζ֮綼ɻҵˣһֱ˼磬ôԽȥأΨһĿǰѴĶӽ̺ã̳д־
統ꡣ
й㵱ѪгʫƪоͻصǾ仰
ô˵㵱ʱߡ޴ŵڣͳһװ׵˶
ÿ춼ȥº̸
˲˵Ļң
ܿ콪˵ԪҹνʣͽվһĻгƽĸ𡢰׽ۣ֯ͷڣְֳ˰壬ڰ칬֮ϣƺ̺ķŮ
ҹΣȻҪ˽Ρ
ߣ㡣
˵˼ȻС˵ңʹӵλϵǲϵģǹģʥģԴŻεʹӡǴĽ
˵Ȼ춼ôλˣϱӴŻҳҵ
ҳ
ϵӵ
˵Ȼθ򲻿һҪʹҲҲҪԴɽ꣡Ȼ콵
Ըմû죬Хһҹ֮䣬бڹӲдĺҶȫˣƬȻ̵ĺҶҲήˣһȥغҶȫˡ
˵콵̨ȫήˣ⡢Դ
һǴûָڽ
ԪΪֻܽ£׼ȥɽģүҪٹˣһ̸ϰѷǸαϳ
ýζ㵱Źⲵ棬ҲҪ˵㹫Ӻûǣ
ͷȥЩ£ǿ϶ҵġȫ³ķȥ
ʻع鷳ʵǸһɽꡣ
α˶Լ˶ɽꡣȻɽֻᱻ˳Ϊ꣬궼ûСԪҪҪݵĹСһҲǲУ̫ǮҲ̫ʱ䣬Ȼֳɵģβһ
ԣαѾɽȥķ꣬ͱóýʽȥ
ŵʱһһλˣһֶһķءҲǱˡ
Цºʱ䣬ºԽԽˣȴУ쳤ڽºˡ
Ҫվˡ
ҲǼժ¥
־ڱصõߣ˽ʢֶһⲡ


89 
ɽﲻһջҲ˵˵ѡ
Ԫ֪롢Ҳֻô
һ⣬ʲôҲûСҲֻȥѹЩˡһһȨĴ
ûϵʵҲû׳־Ŵʥֻϣϵʱ򣬵µ˶ܷߵס
αһһ˰ڲ
֪ΪαʲôӡԺҪºӣһֱڸľˮҩ뽯Ҳͣĸҩ˻ᰴʱҩαһʼҲӾ˳ˣѾЩҩˣưܲʱҩȴǱƷҩ
αֻһֱڴϣɹ̫ʱͽ˰Ѵ̧ϡ
ԺԼ޷ºӺ󣬾ʾЩеŮȥα衣˵ǵʱȥ˵ᣬӲǣ˵ʹûºӣżУ˵Ժ󼵶ʲ͵͵ǡ
еĴŵģΪϣ𴲾Ҫʼɻˣֻд˻һֱšôأ
ȴëȻ
䵽αĵز
һƵ糿˽
ϲϳ̫˯ʱһҹ˯ţڶģʲôҲûСϣģҲˡǵ˵Ųϸϸ¥ϣһֳӵľ׸С͸ķ϶ȴܸо͸Ĺ⡣
ʱ˯š
֪ϰߣӲȴĽŲĴǰʣѡ
ӳ˯Բѡ
ûƤӹסԽ˵򿪴
µĽŲСӵĽŲһرȣôءкüĽŲš򿪴ⶸȻֱ峿ĿԼ¶ˮ
۾̵öҪˣıƤС
ǰ˵ˣ
ǿۣѩ׵ڷĹϣиУԶһȺˡ
ָǰһ
ͷҪȥɽݼһҪһȥ

ƺѾˣýŴ¹ϣʼ¡
񡢽ǼѾѧ̺ˣָţվţǰס䡢һһ˿һŶǰá
úױͷʱ򣬽һŴһڿιÿʱýһӺȤ
졣ЮһСţͽ
Ҳһڡ
˿ڿˮҡͷҲ
ںЦǣһڣùҲһ
ֽ̹ǣʱ붺ʱҪ˳ӵ˿ġԼ˿ڣι塢һ붼ιˣŶιοһ롣
̲סЦ
ڶʣһͱˡٳԺ󣬽Ѹ˿ΪüͿ֬벻Ҫĥü֭ü⣬һʱΪ軭һҪȣ̹ÿ˺н壬кָȡ
סһʾͻüŸҺղһֱڿʱͷ贽֬
üëܵɫҲһɫˡڵüĴĵѩһס
޵
Ǵ磬˰ɣ
𽪼¥ŵϣǣܣҲں档
ǼƤϣ˿䣬ɿǳһСͶˡɰժ¥ҲģֻаһҪϽҲŪƤ
ڻû޻챣ůֻƤ
ܿ죬ͿԶĽԪĴ磬ٿԼƺ̫ԡ
Ա߽͵ʱֻҪѻƤ˾Сѽ⿪Ƥ˵ȥ
ȥҽ䣬ϽѽŸϹ˵
ͷýȥšõġ
ǺܿסˣģԪȥ
һɫµСüĿ续һĻӳڽԪУɵø̾
ǹ
Т
㿴ٿڲԶǣСͯԴ˵ûȥ߹𣿡
˵Ůڳл˫ҲαʱڵĹŮշˡ˶ģǼСͯģǸǽȷʵˡ
ǸڴߵСϻֻһ仰ʦͨýҵŬ֮
ϻۡ޿֮ˣȴǡôĳڴߡ֮˭ܺأ
ĽݣuĻڿu۹ⲻ
Ĺ޵ңȷʵϧˡ
˵ӲùȢ𣿡
ü𣿡
Цǲġ
૵ϻ۵ĹΪ³һԼ
ӲСŮ˵³ڷƮҡǿҽԸ಻չֵʱ򣡽տˡ첻ң
ʮŵȵᣡ
ŽſǣݲһһͽǰϴˣͷҲú룬·Ҳ»ġ
Ьˡ˵׼õ¸ǣϡָǰǿȥŹ
ͽͷʪģ˸磬ϵˣһ齪Ҫ£һܴĻ˵һҽʱҪǻ齪ҾͰǸ㡣
Ǽƽʱȴò뿪ҲûԹˡȺͽȻ谮̫Ǹ᲻ƫƫóȥ㣬ûѹǴȥ
ԽһǣˮҪˣҲ³
㿴ˣһһСĿСǸ˭
ˡ
Ĳãƽʱ˼˼¡
˴úҰ֮ʱũŮһӣũŮڹ;ˣӦþǸˡ˵һֱ
ȻǸߣڴܲǱ˽̵ģԼģ
˵ӿɱСкӶĻǴչСӡҾū˵СʱȥҪԵģҪͰѳԵĶˣҲ˽̽ģԺסʵﺢһ࣬һ೤۵ġ
ͷˡҰ֮ҲδûдˣһʼŵܵռЩˣڻûк£Ǹ˵ھ뵽ҪŴĶӣպýȡˡ
ȹ󣬻ò˼꣬ȻȻͶôСˡ
ܰڹ
˵´˾ٻҰģ
ͷȥҿuںδл˵
̫ߣѾˡɽ̨档
ߵýŵѪ䱳ٱҡͷҴЬԼߡ·ûôߣΪ˶࣬һ޼ʵĻĵأݶûС
Ԫǰͷǽͽ䡣ŵĻкܶûˣ繨㣬糬˵ĹⲣǸݵͷӣӪ
ڳ˹ź󣬸˻㼯ԪǶǳȺӵģǣһߣĻƤۣΪʾࡱһ档ûЬüͿ֬ûҲûдƤۣģ
ôǡԽԽ벻ˡ
СЩһȺһȺǲǶүүһӣ
˵ǣαѾˣûжȥɽ꣬ǲţ͸õĴպ󱨸ˡԽȥˣȵʱȥӭӽԪ˸ࡣʱȥΪûҪȥˣ춼ˡ
ΪǸܵ˴ʵһúŪˣҲǷ롢ҵӦ档
Ԫ߳ûã۵Щ䱳ŽԪˤϽǰס
û˵
ԪôŽһֻǰߣȰ˵ȥˣôˣ
ڹ⻹ϰ𣿡
ôع
ǲǺ°ǴҲĵ
һֱܽţ㽪ԪٴȰʱҲܼ̣̲ס뿴Ľֲԡ
Ŵ
ܾǱѽˡ
ɴϾǴҲѴ
Ԫڹж̴Ӹ㣿
䴹ͷ̴ӣūѾİٶˡʮǰֻжٶˣˣһ˺ܶࡣ
ԪͻȻˣϲĿĬԵк
İˣȻѾİˣ
ãããԪˣҲˣǰδеõĶǽǮԲԣ𣿡
Ҫͷͣ£ǵýǽǮûߣҾá
ԪЦ½£Ҫҵ
ͷԪǲã͸߽˵ڹ˸öȥ򡣡
ԥãϻط˾͸״ˡǵ÷˸潪¡
ǡԪǲҵĺӣŮ˲ֵһᡣѵһΪһŮ˹𣿡
ԪһַŽ䣬ͷҲͷں棬ֹȥҶ쵽
߹ȥԪǣס֡
Ҷģβɢɢģ
ϲʲô
Ҷǹع˼κˡ˶ҶãԺٲ
ǵ棬˽Ծ
ԭ˱


90 
ƻʱѾܿԶƽϵľ޴ˣǾҪȥĵطž룬ٻҪһ졣
̫ɽ½úܿ죬˲Ͷ˷
Ԫڵϣ·ϡͷ֮ȿֺ·һϢ񡱡
Ǿһҵĵ䷶
˸磬˳
Ҳˣ;޴󣬲֪ǳںֿǣһͷβȥۿˣҪϢˣȲİѳó͸
ûƴǣԼȥѸųİ˸Сͯͽڽı˯ˣڼҿܶչ˹ܵܣиСкرȥ̴ˣһ鲼סƨƨ
򲼣
һۣǰʡһ£˵ǰиܵܣֻȫҶˡĸ˶ɢˡ
ֻһȻͷӦˡ⼸ӶǸĸȥģڼͥУӺŮױĶ󡣵ȫұǾͰ׻үүˡ˰ԼĿȷʵеС
ô£С
ҡͷ˵̫Ҳ£һҿǰԼҵʹӡ
Լܣ˶ߣĵĴ⣬ĶˣЩ˱ûϣûء壬ʧȥԼҵıӻ󣬾ͳ׸ĸ򡣽ʾ䵽˷ֱġ
ϸʣͶ㣬ȷʵԱߵİǲ̫һԵرйءңǶߣΨнʸڽߡ
кԺŽ˵Ҳ
һҹΡ
ֻܶ»ֻʣһӵȥĻȡůĻдȭ轣ģƤʵˣҲƤɳ۵ˡմӳͿһĻ˳
һΧ˰ѳǣԶýչһƥסǱߵġ⡱óˡ
緹ˮѱӲȥһˮ¡ǵýʾ´ѩʱɥԼԲ𣬱αһٸϳġųһ죬û˵Ԫһ˯ڵϣ;еܲˡ꣬СҲҪˡ
ԪǱҲӡˡҲ׳·˲ݲݴģȻЩȥ˾͸ϽȥԼ·ûϹһҲǶòᡣ
ȵʱҵٶȱˡ
ʱǾ͵ˡ
̨ɽԵøªһЩ
ԾǾ޴ĳǽſҲػһͷϡ裬ҲˣĳìԶԶһȺʱ򣬾Ȼĸ˰ìһӣˡ

Ԫ˺ܿܳȥȥ˸׷˻
С͸ڴ˵ŵĶˣ뿪
ԭˡЩ˲ԸĹģǱġҿ汲Ҫ
ǽϡϡܳʮˣȫڣǰȫǳŽţһЩСӸڴǾȻһ·ûС
ЩԶԶĹ£ͷ̧
һȣĽԪһҲˡ
ǡпյģų̂ͤ¥ҲиߴΡĽųŵһرªľ޴ʯܡС֮һһǰһ󣬼һ𣬵ǰʯء
ڶһεĹȵһʯ䣬óǰĵǼӸǵġ
ԵһһСµһҲժǹĹݶܣǰʯ޸鶯
ڽ߸Ǹ޴ʯ³һδļСĶӺӣôΪ˵һ뿪
εĹǵĴ³³Ҳ͸һ𣬲Լ꣬Ǻ³Ͷôסˡżţ϶ἷµģǰмӸǵĹ
ظһˡ
µģαһ棬αȷʵĲҺԼĸ硢һµᱻͷһ棬Ҳȷʵǡ֡סˡαԼָһѡ


91 ˵ٸһ
͸ÿˡ
ó鲼䡢ȫͷϣЬʱҲҪˡָ˫ӡ
ûŮӣͲ¶Ÿ˿
ԼˣҲТϥŸڽԪ
ὪԪǲˣʱ˿̲ͷϷչþǿƵİţһҽеø⻶죬˷йУ϶Ҳǰµġ˺µġ޶ͷġͷײġ״ǰģһͷһĻңһ
ȶԣǰĽԪ͸ںĽĲ񻰣һϱģ䲻Ҳ͹ԹԵĸˡ
ȥ룺ƢȻˣֻһ㡣
ԪʱʲôҲû롣֮أˡһ˿ȵͷϣΪβҸΪˣ
α쳣ġ
һȨѹƣλʱûָλûн
ʱ룬ڽ쳵ǰ棬һ֧Զܻ³֮ʲô³ݹᣬֻ
ԣȣʲôþηأ
Ԫƽ߽ȥ£ͷȻٳ˵һ仰αˡ
͵ڵ⣬һʱˣعʱԱߵķӪ϶Ҳɴ˫Ŀɵˡ
Ԫ̨ףӪҵͷѹ˵˼
ԪԽӪԶϽϣӪֻü˵һ䣬֮˵棬Ҳ˵ˡ
˶˴˵һʲôӪʧɫı飬Զ˶û
վڽ쳵عǰԪԹ˵α֮
һԲ˽ȥˡ
һȺִֽŵ߽֮أԺ˳ʯһһء
֮ǰѾ뵽һĻˣʱ˿Ҳܲˡ
Ӫ˺˴ͷ˲ͷܿ۾ĬĬᡣü̾˿˾ʧġ
uվڷӪ仰ȴ֪ô˵Ҳоˣ˶Դİһյյľٶֳ³֪֪ǻ᲻ӭ̨ʱô
Ȼ棬ľô֣֪Ǹϣܿˡ쳡ڴ˴򿪽쳵ĹĹײϳЩ˻֪ѽ쳵ִӱȥ
һˣ̡̫
ʤ߸Ļʴȣر
ӪûͼȥȰӦ˵ҲȰʷuʲô£
uǰĽù޵ȥ
ӪüüͷɿͷţԹԸ񣬼޵淴áڹڣвȨïʢһһ³ȨοڴûСӡСӳ꣬ضĶ֡
uСӴӹߴߣ빬С
ӪӦˣ
uҡͷڲǷǻǰӶǹĶ֣죬ֻ·̾ͻʧȥŮ
ӪͷҰĲղŴĻһҲûԡ̾ҷһҲܶġֻҪˣʲôڴ״ʱ̫̾ʱˡһˣܾͲôɵҡ
첻
һЩ뿪ˣߣ˳ŴŷŽŷɱһʼֻһˣվں˾ȻһС롣ʱˣת۾һٶࡣ
涣ʯԲڶվڵ⣬ܿʯµ̨ѾˣҲƵˣǰҲͷϽŵĵһԣһֻͷµſڡ
е˶žԪһ̡ߵĹⲵĵܵܣһƽߵĴȴ͹ȥˣɪɪ˻֤ǶµһĻĻߵĹⲴӸղ߽ȥͿʼں찡ʯŤͷܣĵġΪ˭ĺˣûߡ
ʣµ˲ɫǵͷţƺԶһ㡣
ʯ¶ݺҲٶˡ߽ȥŵĹѨ£ʯ⣬롢̨ʯʱαʱִ١
ȥʽԪҪף
ԪЦĺ𣿡
㣬ĺҡͷ£ʱˡָ˵ǽʱǡ磬ѽƻ裬ʱףֻ»ס˵ȰαؼһʱأռȻѾݹȣ͸ûתѹȴ˵˺Ի˽Ѱذᡣ
ԪôʱЩ˵ɫÿܣĻˣȥֻԺǹˡ
ͷȻˣͽĺɡ
㹰֣زдʧ̻عɡ
Ԫͣ˶˿ƻ轵٣˸й׷һѸ뿪ˡԪҲ˹ⲵĳⲸľͶڳϣСһȦһŷ
һһϲúúãúúã
ǴӵŽԪ۵ˣĳں档ⲻڲͣĴ߳򣬡ߣ죡
ܿͿɽˣʹⲣܻǱأ
ⲲҪЦЩûߣȻɫһ䣬ֲҸŵõ͵͵ģǸ˵Ǹ쵰ǸҪȫҰ
ڳģĶҴġ
µ¿϶ҪαĹײȻһýסȥ㲻ڹŴִҲǺšοαôҲ³ս
һУǰѹҵȥˡ
磬ȥȰȰ
һ֮ΨֲҡͷҲУҲȥȰˣ˵ִ߳򣬡죡죡
ʱǻصֳǡ
˳ǣǰĽԪѾܵÿӰˣһ˰ѳϻժǹ
ϲĳժǹأ
俴תˣ˵Ĳȥժǹ𣿡ͷ˲ð˯ŵĽ£˵Ȼȥ߰ȺͰڣ
ڳϳ룬ĳ·ζժǹ׳ǷϧܽȥһָۣŵǾժǹɣ
ͷȥԶҹͻȻһ⣬ʲôʱֽһ
ժǹ⣬ѾǵƻԻ͡
֪ж˾Żܳһ·
ⲾȵⶼǹĹū𣿡ü˰
Ԫصºū˵ȥժǹˡ
ĿţԪȥɽû
Ԫƣϣô֪
ūǰЬţЦһ·ˣժǹĹū
ԪͻȻȥ
ūתӾ뵽ΪʲôˣŽԪȥȻվڹǰ֦ӳһƬգںҹиۡ
ָժǹǸ򡣶룬ҹժǹѵģֻйˡ
ԪЦҲʵа취ô˵Ҷ
ūϲ֣ûʲôġ


92 Ǳ
ԪüеȷʵЩҲûʲôҶϷ
ū״˼ˣǣżȥɢɢģ˭˵ʲôȴȥ˽첻ûȥҲûȥΪûūҲˡ
֪ԪʱѾˣȥ׷Ҳ֪ƫƫ֪ô¸ȥˣūĻĽҲȥˡ
ҵȥ
ϲϲڵߡ
ūͻȻ˵ˣδţҲȥˡ
һվôȥתһ룬϶ǹģвƽȴ˵ĲǣֻúһݺݵĴһȭͷ
ū˵ͽȥˣڶ죬Ȼûȥժǹ
ɵϡ
ūЦ롣
ֻصժǹһ¥ֻȸҲԷųˡ˵ϻֻ굽ǵ͵ǵʳֻһ߶ˣ߶ˣˡȥιĽһ
Ժ󣬽ȺͽڲڹôнڴҲ·ֻȫͨ·ڼһҲѧͿ֬졢촽죬Ⱦָף¶ഺķɡ
ֻûסժǹססʯСһˣǰᵽժǹĺȥס
ȲסֲڡڵϣСŹ⻬ĵذ塣
˰˵ͶԺҪһϣҪϡס˯ڴϣҪסֵطҪ˯ڵϣ
ȻǺܽţ˵İɡ
ǽ׶ɡ˵ҿɲĳƺ
ȺͽڶˣǶõĳƺŰ
ǲҽУҲûǿǡ
ȺͽһҪȥƽʱֻɱˮտ˺ȣˣ콪ûдߣе㷢ʲô
ǳʲôҾͳʲôֲ֣ǰûԹڹҲٳ⣬Ǿˡ
ôأβ˵ģȥһ㣡
һβˣæ˵ããɽȻԶˡ
ӽԺһֱŵĽ֪ܳĸڽ׷˵ǣǣ
ܾȣղһֱûһΪ˯أ
ڹЦ˵ˣ㻹ܵҵıأ
ҲΣ֪Ӻʱ𣬽ڿժǹס̫ˣҪٴع
⼸һ˿𣿡ʽڡ
ҡͷǰǸǼ׷׷ģԺûˣץʯͷȸ
۾ɴˣæ˵Уȸųˣܻǵʯͷ£ϲ׷һȸء
áһ˲ǰܽѵ뻹ǲĵĸ˵ѿȸٹɣ߶ô죿
˵û£ȸ棬ͲҺͰȵ鷳ˡѧβˣôҪɣûҡ
ǰҲβˣһӿԳһأֵֵˡβ˵ĸоһֱãֿ̻ΣʱܿβϳëŶˣһµĳԡʱû취;ڵβն̫أ϶ȫܲͲ
̾ⲻˣ⣡ڲкܶ𣿲ȻЩѼԼ񵰳ԣҲɱءǰǺˣ뵽Ⱥͽôʡԡ
нȥѼЩҲöҲãеĶɱ˳ģ
Цãˣ
ŭˣǮΪʲôôǮǻģ
ЦˣˣȰˣҪˡ㲻ڣôһǮڼԷô࡭
˺ܶˣÿҲ£ʹǴܱ䣬ȻԶپͳԶ٣ʳֲ˵Ϊ˵ǽµˡ
Ҳô˶סڼһԽȺͽڲص˾ͻˡӦýҸط½Ĵ£ȸǳľȻժǹ
˶ʹ㲻𣿡ʡ
ҡͷǲҡͷ˵ҺͰȿǹŮأ䣬Щ˶ͽȸء
ѾԾˣ˵ǿôˣɵİѹⲡϡߡȻժǹǲУúø˵˵أӦ
糿Ǽȫˡ˵ΪЩǱߡָŶ˵˸ʲô⣬Ƕסˡ
ʱǰֻĽԽԽһº׵ġܹ˵Ц˻ԶԶľͶŽ˵Ͷˣ
һѼˣȫһȺȺġϼЩ˴ʱȫܳˣְ˽šԶԷİЩݡ޶ʸȦ׷׵Ȼǹˣ
ˣ
Ͳˣ
мѾʼȥѰԼĵˣȦļѼð̹⡣
Щ˵ƽʱûжǣÿһٶܸɽأ
֪ʹô˵ķҪҪ򼸸óߣ
ڵ䶼ǰʳǣԼһʼеֱץʳءŶѧӣֲѡ
ͽѧβˣҲſԸǼӵˣ̫
ͽһģǺü󳵡һ޴չޣũСĽͣ˵ܽβù𣿡
ȻﱧŸʻͣ˵ǸҳԵġŻСͣǸԵġ
ũͷǾͺãǾͺãɿͷܣֻβˣ֣ͨΪʲôᱻأֶôܸԣү
Ƴˣͷ¹Ƶȥǰۣȴ˵Ҫ⣬ϽųܵժǹˣպñĽײԵģͷҪˡ
˲ͣʣҪҪٴ¹Ҫ𣿡
һ˵ﻹиԵĺ꣡ճģԲ꣡
˵Ǻõģǵý˵ҪЩƤëӡ
һͻȥãҲ˵ȥҼҲţһ
˵У
Ƥӵ˾߰˸˴ժǹͱסʻһһʮȫ˵ˣЩžƤëˣѹڴǰ
ճһ⣬ڿ޾˵ȥùһƣ˵Ƥë
һ룬ǽȥˡ
лŨ㣬ͽ䶼ԵöƤԲ˱һ˯
ʰЩĺƤë˶ڰæǲŵŻƤ˵Ҫ·𣿡
˵㶼˼ˣ˵ˣһ
֪ǰҲ˼ҵū̲ͣסʣ֣ǰҲĺ·𣿡
ЦСʱУ˾ûˡ
ͷ˻ǺϲģڼʱҲСܵ٣··͸ˣ˵ΪѲŲµġ
ڻǰ𣿡
ĬΣҡͷ˵ˡ
ͷ˵ˡðȼﻹá
˵Ƥëˡȥ󣬽Ѿ˯ˡڹû˯ô
ӱůڵġ
Ц˯ȥͺˣҪء˵ϻƤ
ԺģС˵ղڽ˵мˡ
šϻƤŴЬӦţˣ
ڴɽ֮ĵڶ죬졢ߡļңټǱӡ


93 ڹ
һЩǽͷݶѡΰͯΪᷢҪֵˡ
磬ձȥ𣿡
ΰͯ·ȵûأ
ͿˡԽ˵ȥźáСá
û뵽һôһ
ǰΪհҲûԳ
ΰУ⻪ԡ
̫ˡЦ˵
㲻Ϸ̽쳣Ǿý쳲ѡǽԪˣһӲҲ쳵Ͽ͵ġ
ΰ̾־ˣֻպΪΪǡ
ĸƴɣպҪôΪµһ蹷Ҫô³һǡ
ΰΪᵱ
˼Ƭʽ䣬Ů𣿡
䲻֪ܵȥһʣýȢŮ𣿡
ֻҪɲͻȻӳպ̨йһϯ֮ءΰ˵꣬³š
ЦһͯΣЦʲôûд£ֻ»ء
Сղſһء
ͯ廹ѵ˭
Ұ
ΰڽϵºܿʹֳǡ
һγţͽߣʢͽ뼸ĿûܰӼ
˲²⣺ΰʲô
ΪΪ̫֣Ȱ
ֲ²Žΰ̨󣬴ﵽ˶塣
ΰڽԪǰͶء
ԪԽΰĬβų̾һȰ˵𣿡
ΰҡͷΪϺСȰ
ԪȻתǰѽΰ𣬡ǽΪΣ
ΰٴι£ߵ׵Сôܴα¹ݼأ˫ۣСֻĿˡ
һΣԪ޷ǽΰ˵Ļ
̰ѽΰ𣬼޷֣Ե棿
ʱ˿̣ҿվ󣡿֧
ΰЦĳ߳ţͱ˿ˣ
ãããԪʹԥʱҲ˵α֮£뽯޹أαλҲһ£ѵα𣿣
ūѾѳߵ¸ˣԪиζɼл˼ǵα
ΰعһһЩС˶ѣ뿪˸ã£ôĻ־֮أ
ǣԪĿ⡣
˻ԪŽΰǰҲһ
ΰ̨һ죬ŴµŴµĳ뿪̨𣬽ҴŴ򿪣ΰʼˡ˷ӿ̽뽯ΰ̸Щʲô
ӪڼһתȦҴҽţȷ¾ʣô𣿴ͽΰ˵ʲô
ºһˮɫ˵뽯ΰ̸۵ڹ֮¡
ӪɫȻ䣬ʱͯС˵ˡ
Ӫڣɡ
߽꣬
Ӫֵ¡
û˵ڷԡӪڣֻܷȥʣ㣬˵ʲô
սΰշͱе̨ȥˡֻǷӰѽʴ󣬸˶ԶЩԷȥ
տڲԣӪתͷְ
һŴңԸ˾һְ
˾⽻ͨ
ӪһǴ߼ΪҪĹְǰδְ׵ܡǱΪ飬ѳֳáְȥ˽䡣ҩѡ
Ӫ뵽˾ûְ˾Ҳûʲôô
Ӵֱٷܿǹġ
ȻҲ֪۷ӪҸսȥ˰ΣҪҩҽ
̿ӪȴӪʮƽ
ұʹһֱȥ˵ûһʧǲܵģӪҲܿİһ˿ʸѹȥҾͲٳˡڰӶڹ˾ֻҪ򰢼׻ͷһְΪ٣ҷܻ
תͷԷ˵ͽߴԸ˾
ԥǡҪҪټһˣô
Ӫԥһ£ҡͷǿӲ⼸յľٶǸᱻ˵ˡǻٵȵȿ
ҲͷżǲҹҲûá
ܿ죬˾һ¾ʹˡͬʱ䡢һΪϽһΪнѡ˵£ֳֵĹ¡
ҹκΪǣһˣֻһˣǧѽʵʬǴ̨
ͽ˵һǧһͷۣڴ˵ʱ򣬿Ұ֮УڴǰΪū첻ԸΪū˾͸գΪӡȻ˻Ӵλ


94 ڹ2.0
㿴·ָ¼ܣϲ
رĽĴ̧䡢¼ܣͷŮСں档رص£Ȼһ̧¼ܽ¼ϵ·ȷʵǳƯ
̲ס߽ȥȻˣ·õĲϵĻȫ֯ȥġ
κȻǵһμҲϳˡյеȻҲ֯ƶ£ĴϸǶźŵǰеĶǶŵģŵġ
뿴һƥ֯ȷʵǳ
ô˵ǰµκǵ棬Ǻֲܴڵĵ档
µһŮͻȻڵκص֯ɳΪκֻңκȻ˻ƣóɡ
˵һЩŮӣ˵ɣСԱһһھ
Ŀǰľǹⲣԭ˵̳ġּŮҲһ֡
ŮȻڵϣں󣬵һ˶ԾıĻˡ
Ϊβ̧ͷ
Ůһֱڵϣֻܿס
Ůūūòª־Źˡ
޷ô֪˵ĻǼ٣
Ů̧ͷĽǼһȻˡҲһǽűߵʪ˲ŮˣץסǾˡ
Ůϱ˹ŸһߵĶ䶼˸ڡ֣һҡҡ׹ĲȫУ˵ʲôʱİԴ
ụ̂һˡ쵰ҶüӺۡӣСڣƣѩ
Ŀӽһ·ȥֱ̾ūū壬Ȼժǹ
ȷʵе㤡Ϊ£ǲԾȥ˺һŮӣǶôޣ
û˵Ա̾ҵһοǽʱҲŻˡŮʱŮͷ棬²壬Ѫۣ˵ֱնϣҲĽһ֮
κֻŮ˻֮֯Թⲻǰˡ
治֪Ļ֮ǻȥҽȥ󣬹̾
ʹĻȥ
ĵ㿴òΣ
˺ۣˡ
κз̵ġЦ
⣬󡢷ˡӡҪ·ٰ˽н̫鷳ˣ֯һ㶼еġժǹĹʯһۺԱҲʡ
һͲˡ̾һǺ
ⲵϲ£ڣòˡ
ճժǹҲԴԴͽժǹժǹ˳Ϊժ·ÿ춼Ƕµˮйͨ
˵ժǹÿҪ˰ٵİٵ̿ţѼ
ΰմлؼңͯںͽ˵ĴҲʮ꣬ǰֵʱڻɫĸ˵ժǹժǹа˰䣡˶˵ժǹˣ
ߵĹ֮
ΰЦγԣ
ͯʹ˶ŵæڵϣҲŵòᣬӣȴˣŴ谮֡ͻȻȥΪ³֮һ
ȵ۵ĳշ֮Ůƽҹ¾ǲϳޡȵΪףڳ֮վȻ˳ȥȵȥ󣬳Ҳóޣֻ˵ǰô谮㣬ôıƽأȻɳסڷ̨
岻ã˵ʱСֻСèȵΪ˽ƽΪ꣬˵ڹдӲƵΪ£ǻʵΪꡱб¡ūҲЦӦŵ
˶֪֧ʱΪۡߣ϶Գ룬Υ棬ƴӣսȭͷժǹǵڶ
ΰЦý£û˵Ļ˵գҽ
ͯΰûŽĴˣһͽĺһ衣
ΪԼղŵĻ̫ˣҲ֪Լ̫Сܶ¶ƽһ󣬾͵ֶˡ
ΰЦպڴߣʱ䳤ˣͻ֪³һ
ΰ֮ӽ͵ߣΪһʹӶѡ
֪˶ΰʵ̫ҪˣǽĶӣȻȥߵˣߵһǽ˽ӡΰȻýĶȥ˽һ£û˽֮Ȼǲˡ
Ҫ𣿡Цֵ侹ȻҲɽΰ
ΰʲô٣
ҡͷûиΰڹ١ԴҲŻŵЦָ˵ھ˷һ鸦٣һٶûСΰǰα˾¹ں󣬴Ҳû˵˾
ʵǾãԽԽ֮ǰΪǸ֮ˡֻڷӪԼУΰ԰Ŵţ⻹˵ж
Ҳܱپͺˡ̾һСĿ۽
͵ûڽԪﲻлȨġ˶ΪԪô䰮ôǼٵģȴòά
֪ʲô٣
Ⲽеʧ㣬ˣ¡ʯӴ֮޹ңֻ㣡
ˡسǵգڳſڡ
˿ˣԱţĳţʹɣʬǺڣ
Ϸƣʱ޺ţҲֻܺĳһ
糾ͣɫƣϹֵ֪׳ʿʵλ
ŭָҪЦ֪֮첻㣡ز㣡ݲ㣡³ݲ㣡
ƽ׳ʿԣĳͷ죬쵱ҪĳԸܣ˫ۣ˫Ŀ
Χ۵ֳҲ̧ͷ죬ֻϴơ
С棬֮ǰʮأ˵ᡣҿǲήġ
ܿ˸͡
˼˵²Ϊ޺޵ͷʣĿɰ
㵱סĿڣ游̨Ͽͣĳ֮ӡ
˼ˣֻȺˡ
ºܿʹժǹ׹һ仰ʲô˼ЦʵǼȤ¡
游ǸܵˣһӶ٣ʱ³ԼұƼƣһ³Ӷ
Ȼǽ֮³꽯硢Ӫ빨ֵ֮ഺ껪ˡ֮˹֮󣬻ؼҼϸ̾ټ丸֪ʲôǣѹ游ˣһףǷ굽ꡢ֮ʱù游һƪģһҲͳһذɡ
˵ᶼЦˣⱲӶ뵱٣жӵĸóԸˣ
Ȼ󣬹ĸȵۻʱһҹ˯ºûӴ̱ڴϣȻ˵ʺ򲻽Ӵûٽ̨游ҲܿȥˡαλٸĸףҲ˼ԸԸ⣬ֱӰ¹ڡ˰͵˹ҡҲûƴǡֻȻˣĸ˵ʵһζų̂Ψһ̹³ֻн֮Ԫ֮档
ô˵û˵̹αȫ˵ҴͲα
˶´ʲô١νʵ£ȫ̹ڱִ֧
̨Ԫľӭȵĺղйʳ
Ҳµ
Ԫʣʬںδ
Ѱᡣһ£ʱ䲻ҲֻһѨڳҸطˡ
Ԫ̾ϾҲǽѪǲ̫
ʺ񡣡Цģ쳾ɽһࡣ
˵ûѽɽ棡
ԪƷζţ¶һЦ
ٿ㣬ֱ;Ļ׳棡һһôĺϺ⣡
ĺԪЯŹͬ齶ʱūŽϲ㣬㿴Цһ¡
ߺŸūҴˡ
ȽߺŶԽԪЦ
ԪҡͷǽΰġˣȻһҲ˼ɽ䣡
Цϲȥΰض룡
Ԫ˵ռ˽ʢķǣģ
ȷʵˡ仹ʢץ˻ھ͹ڼСؽΰѷ͸һǽʢڷǣֳǡԼĶˡ
ԪΰǴýʢȢ˴֮ŮнѪ֮ӵ⡣
ĺҶ޽һţԪ̽
նɣвյ˺£֣صһԣ򲻿ɼ³ˣ
ԪһĺҶˣ
ף֮
뿪̨ʱѾϼ졣
ϣɴǣģһǣһ߻Ҫӣѣؼ˯
һվɱ۾
ʱԶ˻ɣ
۾Ƿuڽֱߣô˰ǣȥֵɻҺ£
uҡҡ;ƣ̵ͣһ֪ü
㿴ƣЦɣ˾ƿΪģ
uЦƿɲܰ׺ȡ
Цʣɵ룬ĳ޲ӦУ
棿uǴְ
㾹ȻĵִңԸΪ̫ʷ
̫ʷƲ¼볼µĶԻۡ
ҹ죬uһ˼߽ţúͯһסЩڵ㣡
ӪɲֹһˣסڡuĽʱЩԵͯϽס飬ȡЩţҪȵģ
uţ飬һˡ
͹˵ʲôô⸱ף
uͷ˵˵Ҫ̫ʷ
Ӫ̫ʷҶɵΣЩ̫ˡλϵ˻ҪȰʹ̫ˡ
ɼʮϲԹġ̫͡ʷꡣ
u˵ڽΪ̫ء
ǣ̫أ
ǽʢô죿ΰȻԸ⣿
uңǷԸͬΪ̫ʷ
ӪҲסˣҪټһλ̫ʷ
uͷȻΪΪҡ
ְֱϵڱǹΪԼϵעΪֻ֮Ǿ֪Ҳ᲻̫ʷ֮λ
Ӫֻһ˲͵ͷӦ
ҲͷҪ룬Ҫ׾ƺΪܡ
uڳĬ
ô룿
uͷ̫ʷֻпӰܴԸ
˿ϲ£ҾͷˡȻֻһˣǾֻ˵Ӧˡзuڣ̨Ϊ


95 
굽ˡ
ѩ׷꣬ѩԱȾס
³Ѿ˹
ӴɽԺּ
Ϊ̫ʷuΪ̫ʷ
Ϊ˾
Ϊн͢ξ
ΪϽ
нΪ̫ء
κ˶ܿûа࣬˾ͽ˾ְҲȱѵְǲӪ뽯ΰ
Ѿˣͷuĵһ¾ȥƸ󽯼ŮΪ󡣹һƪдûŽأĽŮշתߵ̻ľ֣һгͳֳ˿ڿഫġ
ΰͽһӴ˹㣬һʹĽ˴ס
ΣһƸһͷּΰٰļױͽڣ㽯˿ѾΪˡ
ڽͼˣΰԽʾҪȻӦʣ˵һ䡰ĽˣΪʾ֣أΪˣͬסͿˡ
Էȴ֣ءдһƪģŷ磬ӪƷ£˵ԷӪ֮ŮǵĽ֮飬ԲҪǻ۵Ůӳ࣬ʱָԲ̲סǰ
Ĵֹһƪ󣬶Խ˿ﵹ
֮ϡȻûͭ㣬ȴһ壬һ˫㡣һʫǣҲװ֮⡣
ԸˣȻһԳ˫ɶԵһϯ֮⣬˲
Ǻ֮֮İ彻̾ǣҪ״Ŀİ
Ǹ壬ȸжЩʧ䡣ʹϧƷȴò
ǣȥӡ
ӵĴϾͷŽһҲ뿴
ӡ
ӾϲĻͷ˵ѹֲסĴ
ҲۺᣬԶޣޣڴˡ
ſڿſڷĽۣŮ˵ҪǣðӺúÿһɡ
ӿ޵ֻ۾׵һżˮۣټô죿
⻰ŤûаԼĿ߷ת˾
˾̫ʷպڹﲻˡ
һæѵҪСģպҪˣ
ĬΣ֪ŮѾǸˣֻ⹬Ů̬Ⱦܿ˲ϡ԰ҲǺԡ
㲻𣿡̲סʡ
Ӵͷ૵ʱ顣һʼΪϲӭʵǼգڽº״ǰһ
ʧ˻ӣڹвҪİ飬ҪõΣ
ӳصĵ˵ͷȻȻڴ֮ҪԾˡ
ӦǰõġС˵رڿ䵭δزһְּһֻﲻرЦˣֳеЦƾò⣬³ΪˣǳѴϡ
̾òڣ㲻Ҫϡ
üͷҲϡǰǽ㡭ס֣Ľҵ߽壡Ϊ뽯ҵһ
֪ӪĴ¶˼
Ǵ㲻Ҫ򡢲Ҫ˾ͽ𣿡ӪڡУһմ˷󣬾Ҳû붼̫أͽΰ
ΰôԸ⣿нأײѵĸԸСڴһʹӣ
Ҳ٣ڴߣ˭Сƣ߽еĶȫǽǸĿţպ˶̸ֻ̺ǽĶӡպͨһкοɾ壿ýݲҪһеģ˭ܿǼպռˡǽΰͽ䲻ʲôϵҪˣһһ롣
ݺݵ´ȣǷҾ㿴ҵҲѧƾľǼҷ𾴣һԼȽҸ
ºУuף״빨£ѶǸøˡһ¡콵ѩֻ¾ͿҪˡ
и٣ÿ궼Ǵ֣굽꣬ҪĴ
Ԫʹˣʹ°ɡ
ͷuǳ⺮Хѩ졣
ãԷuһ֣ɣˡ
u׷ȥɣֻ̫ʷɶĻᱻ˵𣿡
ЦµǣɰƽʱʱԷ˯𣿡
uҪ˵ЦԵְѵҪŴôûд󳼣
ָָָָԼЦѵҶǳзģһ̾ɣҴӲΪԼ곤ʮʮ˲ȥ˵գ뿪


96 ˵
صУȵϸķ䡣
֮ңڹĿУһõԲΪ̫ò˰ˡ
ˣҵĴѾˣڹ˶ˣֻ£ÿһյƣһʱһסڸڣĶ͹մӣʣӣùûУ
Ĳˣ˯ɣҾ
ĲǵĳȥһҡҡλεĽһֻպһֶһ԰ɣҳԵģٺֲ֪ʲôʱٳϡ
ֻýӹڸ׵ĴǰšĲڸ׵Ĺ﷭ͳµСͣ򿪷ǰ͵Եġ
ʧЦſһӸɣһȻ㽴͵ôУӵģ
ĲӲӲʰҶںҲܣ
סͷ˵ˡ
Ĳżϣǰһ͵͵߶ŲܶԵԵģÿҶţһڣʲôУҲûأҶҩģ
ЦãĵĲҴˡ
ĲһˣҲ϶ԵģȥͯٸЩĳԡˣ߰ɣ˵žҪƹȥȥ˯ϹˣҪ˯ģ
ۿˣǰʱΪرǼССǹ˯˯ˣ˵ʱ졣һʱȻϰˡ
ĲţĲ͵˵ҡ
Ҫ˵ĲſڣŶˣĻвסҲҪ룬ҲҪ㣬ҲԼˣˣЩҪЩˣ
վסĲкᣬֵȥɡǳֻҪ¶ģͿȥʱʱڵɵӣ
һһͷˡ
Ļɹҵ
ڶһ͵̨ŵڻŮ˵֬һuҲˣɫ֪Ҳŵˡղ֪谮λˣȻ֬ζڡ
uɫ̫ÿ㲻Ŀһ˴ЩҪ˵
꣬Ԫˣɫ󣬽ȴЩȣһԷ
ͷuվʩ
ԪƾϣסһǷ
ЦҹϢΣ
Ԫ˼ĺЦˡ
һ֣γԣĳϲءܿСӳ
Ԫ仰ķӦȴң㱵Ҷδع𣿡
ժǹЦ˵ĳʵĽ
Ԫ÷ȥһҶҹů̿𣿡
u̲סβع
Ԫû˵ɣͿαضԹһһëأ
uˡֻ룬Ҳġ
ʹȥʺժǹҲܵĹذġ
ԪЦˣ˲Ҫ
ʱ˽ѩԪٶԷu빨һ֣µĳҹѩҹˡ
ԪŶ
Թ£÷ȥҶ£׽ôˣ
Ӧǣ
һ˵˵ɽеȪѾ򲻵ˮˣֳǺܶĲ弶òš
Ԫ̾ǿô
ʵˮλ½𣿡
˵ǣˮͰҲˮҲ֪ȥδѰ
ԪһʱҲɵáĺõ¹ƺȪɻܴˮ
Ц֪
ԪҲЦѽ»Ϊĺʲô֪ء
㹰ֵȡЦˡЦ֪
һֱڽԪߣʱʵһʱЩţŬ򶨵¹ƺȪˮλҲ½ˣ˵ǰʣߵͿԴˮҪꤴ򵽵ףܴˮˡ
ԪȻгͷָȪðɡ
磬˸ˡ
һ˵ϲ֮ƺҲκȥˣ˵ˮкܶκ˵ǰǴŴڻǰ
ֳеԽԽˣ˵ջˡ
Բ弿ţϰż
ԪһֱЦۣһʼ˵̲ס˺ܣǲҲȰһȰأ
ԪҶףѵʲôõ𣿹¿֪ģҶǸǮġ
ЦԪҲЦָ˵ɲҪҥ˵Ҷռ˱˵ĻﲻǮ
˹ֵˡֻǴֻ˳ݹѵһ빫󣬻ָֻ֣ô죿һ£֣һҾҲһΪ룬⡣Ȱ湫ǡ
˸ͣ
֮Ժ֮˼
λΪֻŹһСأ·ӣҪλıߣΪԡ
˱ϣһʱа㡣
˵κʹѾֳǣ֪˼𣿡
˷׷׵κʹ˭
˵
κʹΪε³
һȺתʹ㣬ɴӺδ
㲻תͷԽԪ˵β뽯ǰ飿
һиӼž
ԪͷǾʹȥ뽯ɡ
߳ȥΪȥժǹ˻ûǣĴ˵Ҫȥ𣿡˵ȥƺ̫ʣ᲻ỳɽѴĻй¶ΰأʱǸýбȥ
ҼڴߣֻҪҿɽ˵һҶȥ
˽ңվǰʽΰڣ
ǰ̴æҼڣ
ȻһҲѽԼСӣӭȥϲ裬ȥ뽯ΰ
ΰ֣صĸºŴҴҸžͶŽһҾйӾú򣬲֪Һ£
ֵʣ뽯ҽȻ֪
ΰȻ빫Դĳһ湫ߡ
֮ΰ˳̨ȥ
ѧһ飬ѵ˸ȥˣһһ䶼ѧó
ⲱһ佯ҵļҷģϵ˶˵ڿ佯ԴĲô˵ֻתڵۣҲòԣ


97 ʹ
ǰͷ˶⴫ԣʲô¶Դӽϴе££ö˾ͺš
罯һ֪ڿ佯˶˵ԴĹŽΰ˽Ǿһ
ٱԼ˶֪ժǹĹǮŻǮһ
ʵûʲô䡢ֻв̿ʳ
һѼΪһ˺ܶļѼһЩũ˵ʹӺԶļżѼյ˴ѩȫ·ˣũû취ժ·Ͽޣȳȥ˵Ҳ˶ˡ
֮⣬ûдܶ౦
Ѿ˹ժǹĴţټЩˣֳ䲻Ҫ
ߺ˵Ҳǽɢԡ¹عԣֻҲɢġ
ţµˡΪΪ̫ȱֶ£һҲ֣ܴӽϴֵϢһЩܿõ֤ʵһЩȻֻҲ̲סȥɣˣٿ˲۾ɵˡ
ʱǻΪˡǻ۶֤̫̾СԷˡɱˡ˳ɻЩﶼ˵˹ͷԵˡ
һ㲻ݳ޵ԵʲôãĿǰкܾܶǵĻ󣬶ȿֺѶ͸һپܾǵһʧǵӡ
벻ͨ˵ϲĶĻ׬Ǯ𣿡
϶ȻˣֻҪµĶЩ˶׬˴ǮأǵýժǹʱǸʯľϵ֣˵ڷ˾˵ժǹģܶ˶Ըʯľء
ðɣ˵ͨǣڱĵطûиô˱˵ȥ⡣
ԶȻͻˡ
ң뽯ʲôôܲ׹
ԥһ£ԹõĶԱδˡĶԱ˿ֻǾ֮͡
˵䣬һۣ˵һԹ£ͷڵϣǽ֮ԣǰС˵ǽ̶ӵĻ
һʼǳԾᵽˣô˵ȽõĶ͵ϣȻѰ򣿡ţ㲻Ҫ¶ôСģѵһΪ˵һʵ͹𣿡
СΪֱֻ¹ɣ
϶ȻҴ򽻵ʱ⣬ΪʲôһἸվںͽұȼĵλϣΪҪҺϻ˵ʱ򣬴󲿷ֵ˶ѡҶǽҡվڽߣҪĪ
Թһ֮ȥȡһ֮ǹˣҲܾɣ
һ£ֹȻѵֿ֡ջ󡱡֣װĲҪø˻˻͸ˣ
ڣ֮ﵽ𣿡ܲþǶûõĶɣҪǴһ㣬͵ﶼµĻ
һö
ͷֻԴزþͻˡ
ʵԶԤø磬һ峿򿪴ţڴ׼˳ȥѲȫǡǽ⣬ڳеβÿճȥѲһȦһд֮Ҳʦ˳Ҳϵıϰָӡ
ţͣ棬һꢳֻ䣬žͼڴѩҲѩˮʪڻһСŴգˡ
Ϊټˣժ·ǰͲͣȻͣ·ϲߡ
Խһгһ£˹ȥһߵǰһְס䳤ժǹ֮ǰδ֪ڴͣ
Ŵ򿪣һԼѮ߳ȶԵǰ˹֣ٶǰĽһҾṳժǹתӳȡһ߳ϻУ빫ۣ蹫
£һ񣬵жղˡ
̾ĳ·ϵˡҲĳĹʧֲˡ
ŵسԴзԸ뾡ܷԸ⼸ˡ
˲Ϊ⣬Ц֣صڣ󺺣Գڵ˵ߵʮܣ˿ɼ³Ϊ谮
һ˵ģֻҪΪ˵һû°빦
ϻԶЩŴ򿪡
ôԶʲô
Ц캮һЩںжýӲһůĵطͻḴգʱͻᵯҧǰ֮ˡ
һɫͱˣϻԺһڱĵطȴ򿪿
Ǵֵģʱмǲſڴ
ûơ
ͷȻһƬֱԼһߺ̣һȦȦ·ԲΣɫǳĵһȴ֬һѩס
ѾŴˣʱҲܶ񣬶Ǳ͸ģôǵһμ
ֵǧ𣡡϶ֻ˲ͨˡֻ֪ǲʲô塣뵽ЩɥĴͷ
ƺ֪ǶãԽõʲôˡ
˽ɡ
ңΰͽġ
ǰգʽΰ֪κʹΰֱԵκ򣬲ϯ˷κ֮ʹ˵˴֮£˽ң̸أϵ⣬ɼĻ죡
ʱֱʽΰιʲ¸ߴ
йȷʣ˶ʼʽΰǴ˵ŽλҪ˵ˡ潯ΰΧ
֮ΰҲûٽ̨÷uǰΰοҪ⣬ûлɽΰģҾͬһģαɣ
Ѿժǹˡ磬˵ô
ΰҪôԽͽҪôˣñ˽
ߵҲֻзu빨ⲣǾ֮һ
ΰֻܿȥôɡ


98 ṳ
ˣһð֣ͷϸۣһۿ䣬Ĵݡ
ƾֱһˡ
ʱ˺ܶˣ֣˶ף˶ȳκ˵ľͶһ˵ķ¡³Ƥϸƣü۳
˹ֵṳüժǹ
ҿκˡ
ṳһ£ҾĿĳȷκˣֻ񳤾ȴû˵κʱʲô֡
м˺뽪Ƭṳһյ̾䣬˹ºͶˡ
öңӳԡ
̫ˡ
ṳڲԶŵֻȸٿϻӵ̾߾䱦ҵĵ˹빫ҪƴǡָҵڹõףԸ
͸ŮӣΪףպܼ޸ɾһʼв˶Ƶֻ˵ϲ
˿˽
³ףλ𣿡
ṳ̫˼˵ĳ֮ǰ֪λ
ˣ漴ˡ֮봫ϢֻһʱϢͨҲ֡Ϊ֮̽ǡò³˵ô£̽ûṳṳûʸ̽õϢɵû³̽ӣ
һʱת߰˸ͷ
ṳĳ̱㴫Żع̱º񣬹³λ
ʣȻģӦҲ͸ҵġδ䣬ͰϻӺϣ͵ṳǰջȥɡ
ṳʧɫϻһʱ֪ô죬æŵһԣеǰԽĳĹʧ빫ҪǹСˡ
Ц˵ˣֻǲ˵
ṳϻٴϣԥֱԵ빫ݹ֡ĳԭ͸֮ŮԺ´ĳֻһǺ֪ڴˣŽתĳĹʧҧϻϺݺһϻдϻңѾˡ
ṳֵĳʧڹĳȸǣպѰñ
˵գˡ
ղˤϻӣǸӶɳˣڿôˣֶз磬վ᲻ϻеңǰʰڻвŸȥ
ķѩѾͣˣṳ˳ͷĴ˾ȻϻʱͷΣһѶʲô
˵ǰ׵ģҲǶģͰ͵⡢⡢˵ƴ
ṳһףϻ䵽ѩϻһһ
˰ŻҪȥʰᶼҪˣṳһϳȵߣ
֨֨Ƶˡڣ꣬ȴṳСĲᣬòײġ˺üǮô죿ô죿
ṳɫҲ̫ÿˣ̾ûеֻ𣿡
˺۾ͷͷˡ
ṳұΪǶﴫû뵽񡭡ɣϼ⣬ԡ
æ˵֪֮Լɵߵģ
ṳü䲻šȴҲ֪ν͡κûмκûУ³ҲС
˵³谮ҲӦ³͸İɣ
ṳ³λ£δ񣿡ҡҡͷ벻ͨ
ˤƬңҪ
ṳ߲̾ˣֱ⣬زգùġȻҰҴߣ͸ȥ͸ˡ
˵ǲҪ𣿡
ṳҡͷ㲻ŮˡȻҪҲ뿴͸͸ˡ
˲ֻǺòײöңȥҸõ͸ǵ³Ժ֪³ˣ绹ˣŮ˹ڽҵҵǽΰ
ṳûиΰƢһŲ֪ΰֱŲˣֻһö󣬽ΰƫƫûϲŮ檡תժǹ
ϣСȴú塣һۿˣ˵κˣܴĻҲ͸ġʵⲻҪṳǲǹҵɣǲ
˻ڷҪȥأʲôܴժǹأ
ṳȥѰһ弣·ӣˣ˵ҪѰ͸ժǹ
˴ʧɫûд̫Ǯ
ṳ˴һۣҵ
˻Ȼһͷ
ŵľϻ˻
ľϻйȻˤɼҡ
Ȼˡһ飬ЩϧҡڿûȾɫôһ飬ͼԲĺ觿ɲ
ϸϸ˼˹ǳˣʣκˣȴôܿ
ͷе񡣡ʵЩ΢Ĳ㣬ܺ֡
ͷκˣȥ̽һ
ʣô̽㲻ȥɣǾ̫Σˡ
κˣֻҪһκЩʧٵվͿˡ͵ҹԼң뿪³󣬵Ĺֻ
ǸṳһͲǳˡ


99 ˵
ṳκˣʱһ²ӳţӴٲգҲҴ¡
ӵϵÿһǮ󣬶·ߣߵ˸˻ȥ
û֣ƺĶһЩԵĳƺΪĸǿǿĸ׺ĸװ·ߣ뿪˼硣ǱһƹģסڹŻƹ̣ŻƹʳֱܷţŴһʳ
ṳǸɵɵĺˡѹġˡмд˶˿Թޡ
˰ȥ󣬰ԼķԡԼΪûԷڸɻʱεȭʱṳ
˵ǾȣΪṳɱ˴ˣѳ˶ˣҲ֪˼ܡ
Ȼ֮Ǳץˡ
һҵڿṳû׷ɱΪṳһͲˡ
ֻкһ˻飬ǵĹ嶼ʶֻ֣мŻ֡ṳԸ˵Ҳ⡣ṳӺˣǸҲ͸
ṳ
ܿͳ˹Ͽͣңʵǹڲڹˡ
Ǹֱ˵ˣû֣˵䣬ṳˣ˵ǣϴ
ʱˣΪԼʱͻȻһƣ
ҿκˡ
ṳ۾˽˵ˣ컹𣿡Ѿڴ˵ͣգֻò張Ǯһʴ֡ǸûǮ
ṳͷ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ˡȲ衭ˣǲбҸõĶģ
ṳ˵ʱ䱦δؿɹ󡣡
˲ṳЦ˵վҵأ
գṳٴεţͽѩ̣û뵽ҲдѩϷҺжսʶ
Ǻͽѩǽͽѩǽٺͽѩ̿ҡһٺɫѩȻҡ
ͽֻҪվںָӡźˡ
Żվѩڴ죡
ǰһѩ򣬡ÿ嵽ѩǽþȫӳȥ
岽⡣
˼Լͺˡ
һͷŴЦʹǰĽʣҽ㣡ң
һǰԽһڽϡ
޵̿ץѩܹϰȥ漴ѩ
ĿʪˣصڣȥŤŤĲԸ⣬ûд̫Ըı˽
ѽϵ·ҲҪˣҪġ
Ӧһȥٽṳһ£ˣһˣĴˡ
Ƚṳߵʱ֪Ϊʲôô˵ˡ
ṳָߵ˵˰ū
ūǸʵİˡ
ɫͷɫ۾ĸߴ죬һŷ֡
һʱ˵ߵĽվסˤŻ
˶ˣǸū۾գǽ񿴳ԣȥ
ǡǡǸ˵ӡӻͷ
ץס侲㣡˭ְ֣
岻ģ˵ʶأ
ĵʶôūͣ
嶶죬ҲҵҵҲܺһˡ
죬ĸȻҲŮūȴҪСʱ̶ԸιǸŮūѸɱͷȻ̣ǸŮϲҵĶҵĶ˵ǰҲкӣֻǺͱˣҲ֪˺δ
һūУˡŮˡСӣ˻ĴߣżһذͻµūҲи˱ȥūе˺Ů˿ɵһ˲ǣǵϷԡĸϣµСҲҵġŽԴ˵ҵС
ȥ͵ĵǸŮָġߴƯں棬ͷЦһ£˵ıӾʹˣæͷſڵϣɪɪ
ˡ
֮ҲûΪúͱˡ
Ǹߴİˣ಻ʮ˾꣬Ե˶ߣ;޴
ԱߵṳԵҲû뵽ﾹȻܿˡȻ壬ٿūҲ̫ȡ
ˣҴûЦ˵
ṳūʹ˸ƣū򽪼֣ûվϥС
Ϊʲô߹ʡ
ǰסˣýѰūȥˣṳδҵʧ񣬵ûн̵ūǲܿġ
ṳūȥѾܸˣ֣ӦõģӦõġ
Ҳʼˣ£֪ʵ档
ṳ֣ӱӽ빫Ϊڴǰ˵
𣿡ʡ
ṳ֮ˡ
ṳףԭʵơǹƳģѾ˿İˣҲϮơкܶ壬ͳ֮ءҾһ
һСΪԼԣһΪ⡣
кܶˣСû֣ϰߣͻҴֻ֮һΪṳա˵ȥߴңժǹˣԸǣߴţͻи³ǰ˵ˡ


100 Һ֮
ȥ
һҹԽ˵ṳȥ
伱ʲô˵Ҳýṳȥ̫ãǸСӣǸŮӣԸȥ˵á̽Ҽ˴ô˵˵
ã㲻˵ҲҪ˵ҲҪ˵ֻһ㣬Ҫߴң󣬾Ͱҳȥ˵ˡ
䲻ΪʲôҲûо⣬ֻֻҪ𣿡
ԡ˵ҡס
˹
캮ضºֻй㡢uͷ߽uһû뵽δ˾ʹһˡ
Ҳͷuһ˽˸
治ǵɽϵǸˡ
ҲǼģˣˣȴס
ЦϽüҰ
֪˾ǴڹǸӣϽ䡣
䵥ϥ£ֵ
ԪЦ֣ôˣǲýµģ
ô˵棬Ҳ˵ѣ齩ӲվȽ齶һƨڽԪǰĵ̺ϣ佪Ļһ֮˵£
£ֻзuͷˡ
Ԫɫ䣬ģʲô£˵ɡ
ֱӵǰи˵ˡ
šԪͷѾˡ
ŻȥҸһҲţһתͷuò̴չȥɽҡ
uСϽ˵иȥһöңҪˤˣ˸Ƥر׵ūȻϽ˵ϵˣҴ֣ˣӱӽҹϣ˵û
ԪҲˣָŽЦŶԴ˵µһȵҺ֮ˣʽ䣬͸һūʲô
俴ЦϡͿþˣҲҪǵ
Ԫ˼£ããҶҺ񣡡
ʹ㣬£ĺҶһɡ
ЦŹ֣
Ϊȥæվһ䣺˵ȥ˵û˵иң
ԪЦҶˣ
Ϳ˵𣿡ָŹ㡣
ԪЦýָҲһֱ΢Цš
ԪЦŰ֣ŰѽȥЯ߳ţеϢһɨա˸ս俴һʵأ
˸磬ڹҡ߰ɣϽȥǸˡ
ϵĺãϡ
Ҳãǹͣ䣬һãȻʧЦĿڵģ
ͷкüȽ㡣
ôң
Ҫң־ҪȥǼá
Ц̨ףˣֻ׷ȥ
Ϲĳ㿴ųƥⲻ
˵ǡ
۵ЦˣͷóԹźãҪһأЩСŲ©硣
ڻйԼĺãĸҲʲô
俴㲻ϻ£԰ѹϣҲѧʵʵġ
ֻЦˣƽë˽ʲô
ṳ
ṳ˼飬˶󣿡
ҡͷҲ֪
˵ʲô
ߵˡ
㷭ȥһ·붼˵֪֪ľǡǸūܸߡöҺܴ󡱣ˤΡ
ʣ˵֣ĺ
֪
˶ʳ
֪
Щʳʱϴ
֪
䱻ʷˣҪ˶һЩ֪ģûȥˣ
ǺָϽȥģ
Ǹժǹ϶аϴĿ϶ǹǽӵġϽ
ΪβǹأǺָ㣿
Ȼɫˣȥɻ
ûˡ䶢Ź㣬ңҾȥҵ
㹰ЦϽŭĳˡ
ͣڲǰ³ϵĺӻسڣִӹϰºùԼϣ߽ȥ
Ĵ˸Ͻǰס㣬ŭСɱ
ղǹʹɫͿ˴ˡ
ϽЦϺãժǹƺиˣȥ̽һ°ɡ
ṳ㣬Ͻ֣̫ʷ
㻹񣺡ؿ
סṳʱû뵽Ҳû뵽ֻǸڹߵȥ
ṳ³ʮֿӣ֮ӶֻܾӲλ
һڣü¡
ЦϽϲ
ṳֻϽ˷˺
ȥժǹ
ṳժǹ޺ӣ
̾иĳвһۡ
յṳֱԵ֪ɷ񣿡
ʣ
ṳѮ֮ÿʮߴ
ʣؼΣٽ
ṳһǧʮ
Ƶ֣ʮ⺮֮ʱ֣ɵ
ṳȻһ֮Ӱĳ߸ֻݴ֣Ϊ콵ѩŲòϽ˻ع
һƬž
ĬĬţÿһ䶼׼ȥ߽
ʣʲôʳ
ṳסڡ󶹡ڶ㶹ݡðǵϸ
Цһ£ͻȻˣ֪ЩͿˡˣ˸ɡ
ṳӺβһ
ҡͷаǰûšɽص˲ʶҵȥһʧ
ṳû취ֻôӦֵҸγлӣ
ЦαлȹӵĴ֮󣬹лҰɡ


101 ϲ
סڡ󶹡ڶ㶹ݡǰļѺڶóţԵġ
Ĺϲūǵеǵūūͬţūʳڣֻܺţһʳ
֣ṳĶǲôõʳ
ҲˣûԵֻɫСףǸӵˮɺŴӣմλմԶ㡣
ǵĹҲЩʡ
ɵҡͷūū֪ԥһ£Ǹūôţ
°ūһ͵ǰūҪ˵Ҫв֮ǣϻؾܾΪ˻ȥѰ·û뵽ˣ⡣
ôߴȥɻɡ˵
ǲǵġʧ衱
ðͷܿˡʲôʧó衣
Ͽ仯˵ƺǸū⣬ǲʱðͰūһ̽һ
̽ʲôṳðūʲô𣿡ôɣʱūɱ˶ģһҲūʲôܣȻһ̲˵ǰʯͷԼĽˡҲߺŷģֲ˶˼ɵĸˡԪյҲ̹Ȼ
֪ūǰū
ڽʱһЩˣҲ͹ū룬ʱϲȴܿͲȤˣЩūҲˡȻûôߴūϿðūܾܿū
ðȥ̽һ£ǲǵü¡ΣʱΪʲô˵ǸŮˡֻҪŮ¾ͿˣɹȴҪÿ֬ͷȾָס·ܶˣܶ£ʱһҲʲôֻŬȥ﹫ֻһҲá
ʱùҪĲūͣڽĻǺͽۣʲôָ֪İ취ӴﵽĿġ
ЩĻһͺˡ
û뵽ԼоȻԻͰūһѾˣūȷʵūںСʱͱˣǵǰȦ˯ȡůʶṳǸװҵϻӸʱϳգ˵֮塣
գӭȢŮΪѾһٶĴͳˣŮڵŮ
ȻǺ塣һʼΪṳֻǸͨҵˣΪ˵ṳûжǮȥṳ˶ˡ˵۾һѻȥṳһܡṳһ˶ٸˣЩ˶ʲôģˡ
û뵽ṳһūҰū̫󣬿϶ǸԭȥĻṳŻİū󣬲⽫ū
ūֻ˵³ԣ˵˵ǰǰˣмΪ˯ڲϣ·ԱԺȸɾˮ˯˵ŮūҲ
֪ūף̲סɵŰūŬҪһһڹ
ūҵȻڹôˮһŹͷΪһͷְūʭӣŵϽ˽񣬼ϰѰūǹ⣬ëȫɾˮˢһƤ·ЬҲȫˡ
ūһϴ衣
ͷİūʱǺ֪ǲǸڣȻֹİū֣ûͷ͸ˣֹԶԶĿ˾룬
ūлģǽ͵͵ġ
񿴵ū֣˽һۡ
ūǵý£˵ϲĹ£ڽǰ˵ĹĹĹкö£˵ɣ
Ȼԣ˵ɡ͵ˡ
ū˵ĵһǹڻСʱһ˵˵ڵǳȦĸףǸͷ͵飬ʱӣĸӶϵȦȦºӣĸ֭ιԾˡ
ȻʱһΣбɽͷϻը죬̴Ӻūˣһ㵽Ⱥŵþȡ򸹵ʱշˣɢˣȺеСк
ѺȥȺڵ˻ȥĶӣ·ڶ꣬ȴȥˣͼλˡ
ҵ˾ˣǺţһˡū˵һǵ߹·Ȼ͵³ҵҺܶˣкܶţ
˵ȻͿˡ
صˣô֪ģһصˣڶṳˡ
Ȼ֪ū˷ܵ˵ܶɱˣ˵˶ɱˣ˴ץ˻ܣܶ˾ܹȥ˸Χסǰ˰ţϴˣ˵Ľˣ˵ȫѪֶᶯˡ
ʱֻ˱ɱ𣿡ʡ
֪ūҡͷ
кܶū𣿡˸ʷ
ūͷܶ࣡ܶ࣡кܶţ򣬸ǣߡ
ˣ廰㱻³Ժ껹б𣿡
ڳ˼ŷӦԣһξͰѷȫɱ⡣
ūָ˵Һ󣬵ڶꡢġ嶼ȥˣȻ󡭡ߡǰĸָߡ
ףСˣţ
ūھȥһΣˣû򵽡˸ˡ
ʣǰÿȥū𣿡
ūҡͷūڶʳţˣھҲȥ˵ġ
ʣ˲㣬·𣿡
һʣСӸūʱףӦʱȴûū
ū˵ĵͷˣңҸ·
뵽ūһﶼ˵ʱ϶СҲǵҲи顣
˿϶Ѿ֪ȥĵ·ˣͰѰūˡ
ūһӸɱץŽܵ˵ԣ
׷ûȥ壬תˡ
ֲṳѰūҡְūҲ˵ʱͷ˰ɡ
ˮ滹档
Ҫˡ˵
ó㣬ūʮߣ³Ǿ꣬ûб⣬ȥǰ꣬ɱһ塣ܸһͻɱһǷˣˡ
Ѿ˺ܾˡ֪˵Ǹϲ齼Ϸԡ
˵꣬ͷ
ֻװƽһ˵Ķһ㶼Ҳ⡱ĵ˵ͷ
һŻָȻ緹ɣ


102 Ұ
俪ʼæˡ
֪ǳںĿģṳ̸ǰѽϡṳżѾ̫ʱ䣬ͼȥɽˡ
֣³ؿһڳɽһڱӡб³ֻҪڱ˴Ϳֱӻˡ
Ϊˣ³ڱϲعؿ
ṳҪȸϵɽȥӹغٸϵӣ洬һ࣬УԼҪٻ³ֱȫͨؿܷġ
ṳҪˣôУȻԪý͡ṳĴˡ
صժǹ˵Ժ󣬽˲ϳԾæʣʲôʱ
ߡ˵Ҿǻ˵һٰ˴ߡ
ȫ𣿡ԽԽ䣬еȻд붼ܵԸūūʿͬūټ׶ûУҲûǷʱǾǳǰڻҡ
ūԳԱ
֮ǰµġƲѾõһС֣ʳѡ󶹡ڶЩ̫õʳ䲢ǹǲãУⶼǿԳԵģͬǮ򵽸ľǸõʳʲôڸУֻҪӾС
ÿЩūԵõһɱһԴԴǰժǹ
ժǹԶҲãܶ˶֪ժǹиҪūҪҲҪŮҲҪСҲҪˣֻҪܸɻҪ
ѩ֮ժǹľūѾһǧˡ
ҡͷЩ£ЩȥЩϤ±ǡ
ЩԥҪҪڽ䲻ʱѽǴع
ȥأʡ
˵̫ãʮ졣
һ·УҲֻҪǸṳӳɽӣֱ˾ͿԻˡ
ʮ졭
֪ʲô˵ҪǰȥˣԺ˵ܶ࣬ժǹɡҪǣýȥԽԽĳعĻպ󽪵ס̨ͷһʼϰס档ͽһ
˵пҪعġ
˵ٹ֮꣬ǰ϶Ҫȥסϼ졣
Ҳ졣۹⣬ʱֳˣҲܿġ
ðɡ̫Сˣժǹʵܰȫ˻ǿǲҵҰġοֱΪֹԪû÷ժǹҲʼնֻᡰ˵ŮҲ׽Ԫӡ˰ɣοҲˣŬԼĶˡ
˽䣬˽˰ٶˣٶˡУʶˣ¹ǶݹԪΪڽԪڲ֮·Ϊڶڽ¡
һʶģ¡Ǹ׳Ĵ󺺣˵˵ֻʶýʶùѹ´ˣӦΪ˻
¹ţһҲʮˣ߻Ϊ
ԽԽˣ֪ĵطһɳԼûԾ
ת۱㵽ꡣ
عǰһգĽȺͽڣҺͻˣ⣬ǲҪţҲؿŴͣ˭Ҫܡ͵͵ѽȺͽڴ޵ڣڴĺһеһ˶ѣȹ½ȡںͽ
ڽʱģǹʯ͵͵ģ䶼֪ΪռؼСԾ㵽ʱиĹһңһֻƾĿڵеʲôطме
֪Ժժ¥ң¥϶ҲУǲ֪ʲôطš
ˮʳΣգʲôҲҪܣʲôҲҪãǮҲҲãȥᣬȥɱ˲
֮󽪹Ⱦ͵͵ˮһ͸ɳף˸ͺļƤá
Щ׼ˣŷĵĻ̨
̨ϵ˸ˣºͳµˣĽ£̵֪ܹˣҲ̫ࡣ
Ԫĸ£Ҳ㶯ˣ֪ʱһЩ˻̣Ϊū
ҲµĹŮһˣһǱũŮޡϱ
Ů޵ĶǳŻܶ˸ֲϵĸƢǲǸһʲôͬǴǴҲöϲŮˡ
ⲻǴ³׸ģһ󣬸ޡŮũһЩǮǡƸ񡱣Ů˾ΪŮ
ϱģҲǽ͵ģǶˣϱֲңҪôǲϱңͽˣܵõǮ
ժ¥ʮߣ˵ߺǰĴȫǱͱģȫ¸
ȥʱʰæҶͱĶӣûӣûŪء
üˣô¡
źûԥ͹ǰӾңҲȥ
ߣЩ߶Щߵļģժǹ͹ˮ˵ʮƼݣ̻Ȯ
ôʡ
޵˴ɱĳ
˼ˣǱ߱ҲˣԭȺз죬ʹȸɵժ¥վסšһ±ס˫ȣһӺӣһ˴Ӳõȥͱ
úܺãϰ߰һ߳ıм⵶󣬶º˸û֣һ˱ס˫ʱ̰γ⵶Ų˹˾һͱûһգһͱҸ˵º󣬱סȵ˻ûӦץסҲһ
ó⵶˵⵶ҰƤë׼һͱȥҪһӾˡŲྱ˵
˱Щ̧߳ȥˡȥԽ˵ժ¥ֶʮۣղǷ˿ڽǣѾûˡ
û¾ͺáƾϣò붯
Ϊͺͽӽġ񡱾ʱģҲԿǶЦˡ
֮ǰԵ֣棬ڳԵȴ³ص棬Ƥ񣬿ȴǺ棬ͺһ󣬼ۺͻǺǷǳúȵϡ
컹˽𻨡
ģһ֮£
˵Ƿ͵ġ
ҪҪΪѷǣǿҲǳԵ˽ѵû¡లʱˡþҷǵ鷳鷳͹ˡ
ڹסһ£춼ĸŮ˵Ȥ¡
ĸŮУ˿ûʲôԣƺ۲Ů˵ó裬Ҳֻ۲ѣǿòľͷˣиС˵һޡˣϲ֮Ȳ˴һŷ֣Ŷ*ˣҪˡ
˾ҹҹϸ裬һʱеˣҪǳҵˣںη
Ϊʲô뿪أΪĽڳĴףԹˣȻ·˵ЬͿ֬˴Ĵϴһˣ˴
ΪʲôΪ̫ˡ
ڷǵԶһСƷˣתбȤζĽβԴܹ㡣
Կ޷ǡ
˵ݷù
֣ҪڵĺܣŲҪЩŮ˳Ϲϵ
ȰҲʲô¥һԻйġ
װɵסǰͷǾЦסĶ䣬ȿЦý˵
תһߣſ齵ͷԽ˵Լŵģò޻һ£ѹ˵ҹ˸鼫¡ܿһġ
ͷһ¶ˣϽٽȰ˵ҪǷҲûϵҵʱһ磬һߣֻܲǡ
Ǿǲɵ
ҵֻᣬֲǲ䵭Щãҹִ֪ˣһ㣬˵Ҫ˵˵ˡ
ڶա
ѩ磬̿Ǳѩһ̨칬һڱ̿µժ¥ƥ
û˴ɨժ¥ǰͥѩһ뿴ѩЩ˫ѩЬûС
Щ·ɣһһ˫Ьһۡ˵
ʱù֣Ϊÿ˶һ˫Ь춼һ·͸ÿÿ춼Ҫһ
ȥ졣ָǰˡ
б
˼ᷭŮ𣻻һŮȾƯָףƯͷƽȻǼղصϼƽҲѵһġ
ժ¥ȴϸһŰ׻ãκߵǸ֣ڸȾָףѾȾõָɫ
Ǹһͷ
ͿˣⲻǺƯ𣿡
Ȼ֪ڵļ˵ȾôɫǺѵ£ỹȾôȣɫָף
ֻͿڰ׻͵ɫƬ˾˿òϣɫҲúܰԵ
𣿡֣ΪȾָñιġ
ˡĵˣ
ǴŮһ࣬ǸֹĹҲúܺãǸ꣬ⲻǸϸİţӦİɣ
˵Ůܻܴȥ𣿡
ǸñֱŮҡͷղŻջЩۣǲ֡
Ǹǣ̣֪ϲʲô
ηԺϴôˣƽͶˡ
Ȼ̬ȺˣȻҲҪһַʽԴ
ϲ£˺β˵Щ¸أ
æʣʲôĹأ
¡
ʲôԣĹ£壬㣬ϲ
һӷӦⲻԽ̵
ҿԽ¸˵Ůһ
Ц˵ĹȻȱ˵ĸȤŷ˶÷Ұأһ˵ġ


103 ռ
ǻȥ󣬰Ѿȥ˽ºû⣬Ůȴܣæǣʲô£
ڻ·ϾѾˣ뽲ĸֵĹ¡
ĸڴһ൱ҪĽɫ
ĸֺŮǽãڴɽҶɫĲݵʱǶһɫ˫ۡ¹Ҷѣװǵͷ촽
ȻŮ޸ɽĸȴ޸ˡŮӣɽȥʱŮɽеҰ͵飬ǴӴģﵽղࡣȻŮĻлɽ֣ͰЩӵ˵ϡ
ĸּ֮Ѿɷˣ޸˶ӣҲˣ޸ӣ֮ĸܳݡ
Ůӵ˵ϣЩӼͳڵɱˡĸϳŮĺӣץסȥɽŮɽ棬Ůϡĸ˵ɽʱһƬҶңͰ׻ĳ£һֻңĳ£һϪˮңҰĳ£ЩӾȡϵǻĸס㻹
ŮŰĸ֣ĸȻһжɽɽͷŮӵ˵ϣӭȢĸΪޡĸ־ͳ֮ĸŮȥƶ
Ů˳£˶֪ʧȥĸĵλ˺˵빫պףŮ˲ŮһȻͻ»
Ůӣƺá
鲻Ů
ʣʲôʱ£
ܾǰ
ָ³ֵʱ䣬Ǵ͵һʱڣʱĻʵһʡ
ǻûпǹȷʵܶ飬һ͵֮ǰ
֮ǰĸʵۣ
ҫۡѷۡ
һʵۣ
ѷۡ
ѷλꣿ
ãȻв
ôأһʵô˼أѷ۶ʲô£ûĴ󳼣ΪʲôԳΪѷأ
͵Ļʵ۶Ժţǰһ֡˴ʵ۾ͱñźţǰˡ
ѷڴ͵СԼ˴Լ˵˼еʡΪָͨ˲֪˲˵ĴԼ󵨵˵ѷԳƲǱƣԿ䡣
ϡͿ֭İѷм˵˵ˣ£һڳʱһԼĽ̫סͺ˵ɱ˽Ѿʾˡ
ڶ¸һ㡣ڳʱһˣ˴һȺ˴˻ʹڸһӺ󣬿Ŷ˵Ӳģɷģʱ̰ͼѷ۵ĳ谮عɷ֪ɱˣҪȥɷžͶѷ۵Ľɱˡѷȥ֪Ǹɷʵһӣڵ֪ԼӸŻʵԺΪ˱ѷ۵˵ҲñߣֻҪ˾ͿˡԾˡѷ۷ǳʹ࣬Ů˺ͳӺǸΪˡ
ǵŮУһ˱ﲻסʵ˵ʱиȥѷ۸ܣ˵ǸĺӲѷ۵ģѷ۲ŷ֣Ů˺ͺӶϳ˹
ǳĬ
Ĭŵס촹ͷ
Ĺ£æҪֻİ
Ĭȷһ㣬ЩԲй촽˫Ǹڶˡ
Ҳ𣿡
ΪǵָĬŮ곤һشǸŮ˴ӽڷǱһﲻôʱ䣬ͷ˿ûжһ¡
ȴϻ˺üˣһ߿˾ͻһ߿
ǶʱһֱԷҵŮҲѧʡǴ޵棬ͨһֱˡ
ҪѧϰӦøһ㡣̲ס
ǸղűʵöͷðˣʱôأһһġʣղŴӰǽĹѧʲô
ɫ
̺ȵ
ŮΪҪΪԼã͸õѧϰѧϰǵ¡ֹգŻܵ˵𾴡
һִˣԼһ׹ԴΪ١
ͻ룬İɣǣ㲻ŮݷҵˡǷǲűôְɣ
Ůһ£ȻôǻһЩŹֵ£ȴҪʲôǺõġ
ʩһֻǷ̷ˣ˳󡣡
Ա߸жֶ˵ĸһ
ϻڴ״󣬻ȥʹ޲ֹ־Ͷ˵Ժľָֹ㣬㲻ҪˡҲǺ㡣
ǷǴӸղһֱֱͣߵ귢ŭЩҪ̲סˡû뵽Ȼʹ⡣˵ͶԽʩһ񣺡빫Ҫ֡
ЩĿǣҡͷ˵֡ҲˣذɡݲݻǸŤͷſƾϸס
ڴǿҲܼ򵥣ֻҪˣܱ˿Ǿǡֱӱ
ǼʧΪֻҪ˵ȴסҴժ¥
صֲŶԷ˵ʱһҪϿ뿪СԲ񣬶ȴ
̵̾ôѡʱĸʣ类ˡ
Ҳߵ˶̫ᣬǸŹƣҵҲ˲鷳
û뵽ǣ˵ڶ죬ȻǹȥԳƲ֡
ŭҲȥˣ
Ҳȥ챻ҽѵ߳ˡԼȥҲĲ¡ԱߵİĬðĬȥɡ
㶵Ĭ
ĬŵĴͷ˵칫ϲĬȥ¡ʱˣȻ֪ĺô
Ĭ̵֣ܽأ
̵ֵֻ㹫졣ʲô£ֻܽˡ
Ĭĵժ¥ȴǰ糷ˣǸһĸ£֪Ķɡ
ĬСʲôأ
˵˵һ˵³Ĺ°ɡ
ΪṳˣץӸε֪һ£˽һ㣬ܿһ
ūѾھˣŰ򵽷ϡȴⷢ˰Ĭ쿴ĬӦǸûʲôĵˣҲǸһŰ塣
ָź˵˾ͺ˵ɣ
ĬŵζСһڣ˳źȥӶˣ񻹷棬ŨŨģһҲˣ˳˵֪Ҳ࣬ϻڽһĹ£
ֱ˵
ɣ鷳ĶҲкüɡΪϲӣ
˵ԼȢţûŮԸ޸ȥ˵ģĬ˫۾ҸŮ˵Ժ˺þˣ
Ůµĺӣ˵ͰЩӵĹɱˣһӾˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ĬͷɱǸˣû֪Ǹ˳ʲôպӳҲ֪ˣ
⣡
֣ûƬʧɱһȻֱЧİ취
ɱ˺ܶ𣿡
˵춼ҪɱأĬѹ
кܶ𣿡ֵɱô࣬𣿡
Ĭֹô뵽İɢһҲŬϻ⣬šҼǵá˵Ĵϲ壬ϸ˺üٸء
üٸѹˣϴô壬ڵ࿳ôУб˰һһ
ӰĬ֪зϰףǷӣһֵܺüͷκҼеͷԽԽ⡣
³һҳȥһϡ
ǰūҲ̣ǮˣһɹʷϹԼ¾ͷأĿǰѾˣٵİ
֤Լϵū࣬Ҷпϰߣֻǿ壬Ȼǿ˾Ͳˡ
ҪصģԽԽ࣬Ҳűò֣ٶҲȲϷٶȡѾɥĲˣӵķʽ塣һȻҪأԽԽá
Ĭߺֹڳ˼
ǳĵʡ
ûʲôЦһ¡
ֻ롪ʵԳṳʱڱǵںխʯȥʯںӵףˮʱױʯˣһ·ȻȻͻˡ
ԽԽá
ûʲôϵֻȴб˲ռһļ


104 
ɽ£ų˳ΧųӣȲݡϷŰɸߵÿжʮء66ɵϸǽͣԷѩ䵽ҲḡҲҧ͸ִİ֯װʳ
һˣǰǣߵһǰѼͷ׼ķ϶һӴ룬Żһʳ˳ſйڵء
һ˸ڽæʳ񵽴ץһѣҲɳʯĽ˵󣡡
ÿǰһ˼飬Ҫÿһе˻˶һöһЩʳ
ṳĴ˿۲ѣṳ磬ȥһ󽪽
ṳҡͷһʳʧġ
Ѿˣ仹˼飬˼ǶӵûϢ˶ڶһ
ÿһҪ飡ȵԶмǰߵ̫ˣǣ
ЩһܹȥץܵģǱΧס
ṳ̾ᣬǴعǰյӣΪסµЩû뵽ǡǡ෴ЩūǶܷ
Ǽ˶ץǰϵĴҲˣȿֺİǵĴӵ˸׳죬кܶСһЩѣмѺڶ
һ֪ˣ⼸ѺͺڶóԣͲϺúü飬ȥһҸóԵʳ
ȥǰǴķ˰ɡ˵ˣڵϵȴ˴һ٣ǵĴвֹ͵ʳгʱָǵĸȫûˡ
˶ܸˣ⼸˵³󣬾Ͳ͵ˣԵʳҲÿһʳһ飬ȻҴȥһ
䣬ȥṳ˵Ѿ˶ˣȴЩˡպùװһ
ṳǵһعҲǵһθ³˴򽻵ǽ˻ˣûнһһ۵档ÿһÿһʳ飬ûһӹ
ṳ֣ûжԣųӿڡ
ṳߺ󣬽飬ְ鳵Ϊ˶ռЩʳռ˲鳵Ļᡣ
סźǼٶȸˡ
ɽĴһʼоˣһȴֻˣΪŷĽץˣﻹʳ
͵ʳ̫࣬ԼԺܴߵ⣬кܶ࣬Ϊÿһÿһ˶͵ʳЩ˾ͿʼʳΧĴ佻Ůˣ˷Ժ󣬷š
ƯŮ͸䡣
䵱ȻҪΪǸŮվǰ֮ǰﻹŸ̵ĺӣ֮ŸϽѺӽˣȻ·
ڰ֣Ůһ£ϥǣץסĸ첲ƳȥǸаѺץӸ
˵ڶ͹һȽ˶ٵŮӡ
𽪼˰ʳжڶ
˵͸һľͷСձСͷúɫϵķͷϲ
˳ƽΪ񽫾ףԺսʤûҽ佻ʲôŮ˺СȻūǸѺˣеūߡ
˲֪³Ѿˣ֪α£Ϊ³ڣ˵ҲҪʮˡ
ǴѾˣиŮժǹ˵˺ܶཪ£뿪ǰѾֵһŮһžūѺһʳ뿪ʱЩ˻質³һʻһŮϵժǣֻ䵽ϣһǸɷ򡭡
̫ʾūеĳɽˣǳʲô
ū˿ɲҴֻú˵ڳ͹ܺúܺá
˺ܸˡ
Ĭ͵͵صǱŮҵĬôȥˣȥ
ֿĬ˵ʲô
Ĭ˵ѣ֨֨˵ֻһЩӽĹ¡
üôϵأǶЩĵ˱ƭ˵ģ
Ĭͷҿڡ
ǰο֣Ҫˡôܲ˵أ
ּãûΪĬ
ĬϽ˷䣬żĿ˵ҶŻˣΪֻᷣأ
ŮɱˮС˵һֱڽº
Ĭѹȵǰȥ˰ɣһֱû
Ůͷֵİǻѹ
Ĭ˵ҿܺð
Ҳʷǣ⼸ұܵ㣬ƺ⣬ͺãͰǽãӶôƽͣ㲻ĸ顣
סС͵͵Թ˵֣ҿкˡ˺þãһֱܣ˭Ҳ˵ϲؿڲͣӿ̲סˣ˵
ŵ͵һ㣬ɴ˫ĿµĴ㡢㡢㡭ȥŴؽŮߣŻץסʣô£Ǽʱ˴ĳ谮Ǵ˭
ǵգ۾˵˸ΣУˣᣬҡңеһȻҾ˺ӡ
־ɲһʱΪ˵Ǽٻŷǲ˵ѣ
Ůλӣֻȴû
ֵȲҪ˵ǵȵٿ
סСϲĵͷ߹ֺ;÷ĶˣҲѾüûˣ϶˺ӵġ˵
Ҳһ˿ϲ⡣Ȼ¹ӣ˵Ҳأ
ŷǵСҪСˣһЩȣ֮󣬺ӻúóġ
³Ĵգ굽ʮĽʮֳǲҹճţ뱱жӿ룬Ϊ⼸³пܳġ
Ԫֻ׽ڽº⼸й˿йӸߣΨûзǡ
Ӫûнڡÿ̨и壬æýŲմأu빨ҪʱڽԪߣ˵̸粽롣ֻע⵽˴÷ӣаοѡ
ǽ˿齪ԪԶĵط
˵裬uЦơֻϸŮӲúÿ
ԪЦɹȻʶ㣡
uֵҵҵв
˺Ц׷׵ŮΪ軹ҪЦǣ
ɣɣ֪öŮΪİ
Ľ˿ϲɫ׵Ϊ裿
ﴹͷ
˿￴ΪΪܳģ۵ıס˵𼱣Ƿӵⲻ˶õġ캮ůˣΪһŴΪĶ
˵ﲢܳ裬ӱȥ˿ﲢ֡ʹﳤֻҪ뵽ĸ׾ûܵõľ֪˵ĸŮǿòæֻҪԼŬһ԰Ѵġ
ڽ˿ﻳɪɪҧ촽һֶ˵
ϯ˶࣬⵽⡣ڵĻϣһֽ׵ԲСһڿڰԶժ¥¥ž޴Ͷеժ¥ҹеһǡ
ƶ³еһǡ
Цˡ
Ħ࣬Ϊҹֳ˶Ӽгҹ
۵·һ˵ļϣﺬһŴǡǳýȺͽûע⣬ǽϷġ
֮ǰǽ⺰˵ˣ˾˵Сӱǡ
ܾûԹˣһ̲סѡԹվǽ£˹ȻǽǱӽǡ
˸ϼվͻǡˣҲѧƬǽµ˵Ҫȥ棬кܶǣָǡ˵ģܿˣ԰еʯţǽڣ˽ס
˹ȻţǣϽ֣
Сӣ𣿡ʡ
ͷ
棬Сȥ𣿡ָǰԶĹš
Ѿǵ̨
кܶǣ⣬Զپж٣
߶⣬ʵǸζҲòˣʱ𣬼ȻܸǣҲġ˵ͷ˵ȥȥ
ЦȥСӡ
ʿ˾СӴĵĸš
ʱѾˣֻܸŷǽ䵽ʱ˽ţȻɫĸ˺档ֻҪܻͣȥˡ


105 
ڵڶ֪ˣŵƹáһ˵Ҫһ⣡ʮҪһҪ
ܶˣаգǲῪڵġƹ˵ȡҪĶûмҪʲô
ƹðǰĲΧϣ֬ؿڣȰˣˣȻȴϸҼֻ߹
ƹͷܽ˵ҿߵǸСк˳л
ֱʡ
ƹҡҡͷɲ֪к֣˵ǹܱǸкȻָŽ˵̶
ƹЦ˵˼򣬿ˣ
Ȼʳǲ̸ܴЦ֬ÿͷЩŮǹܵģԼȥºһȥˣͻᱻǸŮ
ƹúĽºˣڴˣҲȥߣԣһ¾ҹˣ
˫ĿŹϣܴȥºɹȴˣǸߣƯĲһ⡣
ƹʧ߳ժ¥
򶨡סūūȥһ¡
ּ£ֹסķëȥժǹһ£ʲô£
ūūðժǹ
˶û£͸ߴͶ㣬Ǳż½ҡֽ˾䡣
õġ˵
ͻȥѽˣ⵱Źһһ䷴̽˵ȥ
һＱŻתȦĹҲ˵ģūūһѻ
ͷȥءһµһ˳ȥ̫ȫиȥɡ
ȥ¥½ߣһ˾ʹҴȥ
æȥ
æ˵ƻҪԱһģǳȥ󣬹ˡ֪ô
ȥлѽӻԥлס󡣹ȥлϽСӹ黹ˣϣߣ
ûС
Ŭƽϣ˫Խһ𡣡
һθоԼСܣ
ڽ䲻òȥ֮Ѿѧ˳ӽԪȡøڵĵλԲʵҲ׸һˡ
ֻҽȺͽڲڣҺѾڹˡ
ΪʲôҪѽץ֣ץ𰸼ϵ޾˳ȥ۵һ죬ͭƵ䵽ϴ˼
ƽվţղŹӶҲҽĵطңصԼᱻҵ
ݼڽߣס֣ڣȥл̽һ¡һ£С˵СܣҾֱӰ͵
¥¥µĽǼ˶
ǣȥ鹫
ŵɫҰףкᣬҡͷˣҪȥ
ȥùġ
ǿסᣬ߶µߡ
ҧڽǰȥӭ˵֣ȥҿԸص¡
ԽǣԽͷȥɣһǰҪùһ˴š
ȥˣǳһҲ׳ŵӸȥС¥ݿ̽ͷڹߣȴûпţವ࣬Ҳ⣬һֱԶ
忴ˣʹ˸ɫǾվ˹һߣס֣Ը¡
Ǳ־Сӵ⿪ãҲ
ůĻýǵ£ƺҲһЩ¥µִźó¥ܿԶˡĿ֣ʣȥˣ
͵͵һۣϽ˵һ֪صĹ£𣿡
ҡͷʲôû취Ҳû취룬ҳһš
Ǻͽ彻˸Ŀ⣬ʣڵС𣿡
Ҳ֪˴ع£˵ǿ԰С͵
ܱ˴һΣͻеڶΡ˵
֪˴ߵԭʲôǳл̫ܳ裬ԲŰ򵽽ϵ𣿼Ȼ˹򵽽Ԫϲã
֡
ǰţǼ⣬ʵϣ㽪ǽԪӣҲǺܵ͵ġΪԪ󣬸ûгǷˣǽҲǸ˽ӡʽĶӣȻҲֻūͶѡ
ûнԪ⻷ʱļֵء
ܿ͵˳лӼȡѩżֻѻ;ˣ߹
٣ˡ
ǰͥѩúܸɾϽ˱˪ϡɼһЩӡимֻСĽӡ
ߵǱȥ䶼ûзֽǽˡ
ѭҹȥڰǰмŮΪԶ
ҵǳлֻʮŮǷҵˡûиױȻûУС
ܿˣһֱ㵽ŮǳȥžͿһ
㣬ҪչɵĻȥ𣿡ﵣǵ
ûлΪʲô˿ס֣֪ʱŻг裬˵֪ʱͻкˡɡ˿̾Ҳ䵽ùõ³ùõʱһ񽪵һĺӣ²Ҳӽ̨ˡ
˶˲ȥȴ治ֹнʣ
˯ˣһһ
Ŵ˵Сӱң
ʵͷȥ𽪵뽪ˣһ̴Ҳأأ


106 
ôˣ
Ůܽʱʱס˵Сˡ
ͨ³ԣûз
ŮǰҶûп˾ˡʷ½ȥѾˡ
صժ¥ʱҲˡժǹѾ죬Ͻ뽪ڷֽժǹܵȥˣǽⷢǻĽӡнŵʯ顣Ϊѽ͵ˣ嵽һҹѳСȫժǹ浹в׼ģûнЩСӳ˶ԺȿֺĸȺͽ˵иСӡ
úܺÿ
·ûв
Ь
ץ
Ȼˡ
Ϊ֪٣׷ȥ¹¼ڳѰҡһЩҹĺɴϣӿĸĸء
ȥԺ󣬽Ⱥͽڶ̱ڵء
Ȼڹͺá
йھûˡ
Ƕô˵ɽȴĻԺĽ³
һֱ֪Ҳʶȥ硰˵ĸһҪһúӺµ˲𣿽Ⱥͽֻ簮
ȴˡܣϻΪ
ȻôͶ
ûáҡͷýȺͽǣҲýǵġھͺˣġ
Ǿ͵ȴֻżŶʮ죬ֺܿͻˡһһֱųлġ
лڹС͸סһһˣȴûʲôԸȥ޷ͨлŮǶǷҳ⹬еĹŮһ˶УŮͨһ֬
ֻԶԶĿųлһͽʼ档
Ҳ޷ˣýժǹţýȺͽڲҪġʵȴһһȥ
ʵʱ򣬳лŮ㽪ǰͥ򣬽ǣǱȽȺͽٱҵҵˣŮֽкá
˵һֱŮ㽪ͽ˺ټǣŮ͸ܶǣ£ǾͻԺ󣬽ѧǽͽǰԹǳԡ
ζӳ£Ҳְ취ǲͿ԰ѽ̺أ
ɫ˵л˶Сܰ˳
ǡ
˵ǰСƭԥҲǲУһͲܰС͵ժǹֻܰڹߡͳȥᱻƭߣǾͿҲˡ
ҲԡȻ˿̺ýҲԣ
ÿȥһժǹȥڵȴܾȡ
Ҵҳ˵ôˣ
ֵͶ㰡
𣺡Ǵ˰ѴͶ˰
ߣܲûǡ֥顢óԵǡ
ǻ⣬ﶼǸҼҴľշóˣ⣬߾ͻǣйǡ
ȻȴúͨūūֻǡĶžҲǷuԭ
ѻ֥鳴㣬ɴȻ󽫻ǰϡߣҲԼӺ棬ֻҪȰѺĸȥƬ˵ˣкȥǩٹǽ
һһ㶵ģʲôҲ˵˼ͷͳ¥
ЦǴóԵС𣿡
̾˿ʲô취أֻˡ
ʱǳ˵ˣ˵¸߹
Ǳˣ̫ܵˡ
֪д·ˣڽǰ˳˵Ҫ
ֱͻȻЩ˵ʲô
ȺһҲһ˷һֱ˼ȥΪýֵøãܶ෢еĹ£ĸֵܡĸŮ֮䣬еһеĻãֿܻẦ׵ܣɷܻɱӡ
Դڹߺ󣬺ܿͷ˹ʹ֮䲢ܡٹ׽ֻϲסժǹĽȡڡͽ䡣ҲδΪйȥºڹʱºû˵ժ¥󣬴ȴʱ÷˾
ʲôʱ򣬴ҲûȺͽڡ
ԣһҲţȥժǹ߽Ⱥͽڡ
˽ˡ૵ʲôˣʲôӣ
ҲʹˣһЩˡ
º¡¡
ĳһҵʹӡ
˵֪ʲôˣҲ֪һҡͻȻԺһƬһжǳ¶
ȡڡ
뿪Ҳ֮У
Źݣ
ܻĿ¶ġȻǲǾͿԷˣ
ýȥϢǺͽҲȥɡ˵
Ҫúõһ롣
ҹһյ͵ƣƺõĻƵǡ
ڿտ¥һů͵Ϣ
ȴ
ߣ˵ʲôūūԸΪǡ
ҸԼҪȥҪģֻҪǵĿңͲ˺Ͷ㲻СҲܺò𣿡૵ֺ£ͶСܲͬҲðաҵȲȥʲôɷʵ̫¡
uⲣ˶ס
ˮ롣ƿӿֻŵµ˸սѻƿãһ
ūūһơ
ڽѧĲֹǳԺֵļաСʱҲֹһҪϲɱˣҲζű˲뺦
һֱ֪òûк˶ࡣ
ҲȫǶĲˡ
һŮУ뽯˽顣ͷǳϴȰɱ
Ůѽã֪ŮܣȻѰϿŮ뽯Ͼ
ŭȥߴŮˣŮ߿ϱȰϷҪɱΣ˸Ůۣ˰ѵϡúԶ
ǰȰŮֻ˽Ĺ⡣˵ղֻǿŭ֮ȴ侲ʿŮ֮
֪ϻŭǴãϲǷŭŮ
һֱӳȥºǶΣҲ
ѹίҹ˵ǲڹң
֪ҲҪȥҷǡ
ҪľֶŰӵСȰߺ̾˿Ҳоͺˡ
лһСӵ£֪󣬶Է˵֪ôСץġϰСӸ㣬ȴԸ󡣡
黤Сǰ⼸Ǿø׹ͣҲ϶ÿվϸűӡ
Щ̫ˡлȡů⼸ո˸Ĳ̿ڹؽŴԵȡ
üͻȻ˵֣֡
оһӿ£
æѾѽƵ˵ϣȹӣаɫѪ
Ӹմӽºȴڵеĺſ̳ȥŽգֻǰ㣡ôˣ
ýסͷ޺ţ·Ҫ۵·춼óȥ
ʱֲŷֿܡǲһӣ¡
֪Ϊʲôǻ仯ǵ²֪ͣˣƫƫڴʱĻΣԼ˺ӡ
߷ʵ飬ֲĲ
ߵǰС԰˵ӣ㲻Ҫܣȥɡ
Ľ٣֣ңôˣ
˵û£ֻһΡ
ʣֻߡ
ֻ뿪ˡ
ֻصǰסڴһŵķǣǣҪˣ㡣
̧֣ҵĺûˡ
ûкӣҲǷҰǰԺеġ
ҡҡͷ᲻ͣ
κʱдĺӡӻУУ˻УУ
Ψһϣ
Ϊʲôأ૵ҺСİһֱСİ
ĬĴӻͳһ֬ǸĻ㳣鹫õôʹͣûΪ𣿡
аĬġ
ҽһ취Ǹ˵յʹõĶ͸ƯܷϲŮ͸˾Ͳ۸ˡ
ĬǸǲƭġ
ߵӵмŮʰӻ·СУ࣬
̧ͷøߴŮĿȴ³ŮЩŮƯһĬһֱĽҲΪ˺ۡ
߳ʲô£һҪȥء
Ĭ֬࣬㣡δ䣬תܡ
֬ϲĿɫ֬࣬ϲСָմһ㣬Ϳ˴ϡ
һŮһۿ࣬ȵ࣡ĺ֬Ưðݶʱɢ
æ֬ûУǰ֬


107 
ٷȥº
һվڰǰľȻ˵
ӳΣظٷȥº
ٷȥº
æȥ̹Դ
ȥ£ŮǸϽߣŲҴҡ
ԶˣһŮС˵Щ˺ÿ£ޱ飡
һŮ˵Ƕˣ̲Ž̴ⱲӶȥôЦó
꣬װһ´Ůǳ˵̹ٴ·
ʩһתߣӵȸں档
ŮųУʩʩСӸߣվߵŮŵϵһۣڶյ£༡񣬼Σɫ̺죬Ρ
Ůҿڣͷٿࡣ
ºںܰǰȼ㣬ϡԪͿǰƾϣӽֱſ֣йºõȣ
ǿЦһ£ǰС
Ԫ˼ͷͰȴڵĿ޺齡ôˣԪЦĪǷᷳ𣿡
æǡֻڻǰ죬ūūϷ𣿡
ȻϷȻ㡣
һͷ׳ŵ˵һϷòãֻ»λˣҲð
Ԫص˾͸ð𣿡
ӣռ֮㣬Ȼӻöˡ
ԪˬվȻ˴ǡ
uҴҽһκʹûͱΰˣǶΪǲܴѾĵĻκֳǣȻҵ˷ң÷uΪ
uҵƬ̣ȴڽºûҵˡ
ȥ˺δˡ
˴ȥ
uüҲ̫ˣվͽȥֻ֪Ҫһ޹¡
Ǻ£һָҼҷ磬ֻԾһ;
߰תͷ˸·ȥ
ǰ·ϣĿԶժ¥ѾڷҵĽȣг̾һ
ڡʲô֪ɡ
ȥժ¥һܹô˵Թ޶⣬ҲϣҪ͹㵱ɶˡ
ԶԶĿuˣһʱ޴롣æԼıӣͳ֬ڴϡֵ˵㣬һŮЦ˵Ϳ֬Ѿܺˣ
ɬһڣȹڣӯuӭȥ
uһŮӭʣڣ
գ۾ͷһ𡭡ӣūūȥ𴦵һȣ
uֻõðɣǰͷ·
uǷŮĿеһ⣬ûĸڷҵŮûڴҹ˼ɵӢˡ
ѷu쵽һ乬ڣ¯㶦ȣȻuˮ衣
uĲڴˣŲ㣬˼ƮԶ
죬ڲԶֻþôˡ
Ů˵uˣ͵ŷuֶ̬ˣ͵͵Ų߹֡
ǧ
İɣ㰢ǣ
˶Σÿ
ŮһȺʵһ𣬺ɢǵݺЦޱȵĴ͸ܴשǽŴᣣѳ˯ˡ
ԪۣԵİӻڳ˯һĻ˶ƣˡ˴Աߵ·ƿ߳ȥǡÿŮЦܿ
Ůķ߹ȥͿһŮſڵϴӴ͵ʱЦ
ӱ󿴣ŮԲ˶βһֻϾƿ̲סȥһѡ
ԪŲ߹ȥŮ̫ˣȻû
վڴǰǷuһŮŮҺ죬Ŀе˿ƣȫڷuϣuȴ⣬ƺڳ
ǡԪЦ
ѽűߵŮڵأæһֻס죬һ˫۾ɵü󣬴
ŮһЦŮͻȻӲӵһƬǺõѪһվȴæҵģڵϴ˸ŹãѶͷڵϣɪɪ
Ԫɰúܣ˵²㣬Ҳ߱˺òã
Ĭ૵̧ͷĿԪͰ͵Ŀڣ󡢴ĲңҲ߹֣
Ԫ۵Цˣҡͷߣ˭Ҳ˵
Ůͷϲһң˳Ĩȥֵµ̵Ҫˣв⣬ĸˣʲô֣
Ĭ¶һЦǷ˵ŮҽаĬ
uڼ˽Ԫæκʹϯ˵˳һ˵һͳ򣬡ǲϯ˵Ļ
ԪǸŷuͣŮŮʹͷҲû⡣
չ򣬲ݲɨһ飬ͷգǲܴ¡
uǡ
ĺɫĺϡ
ʱûк磬Ϧϣȴһ˿ѵõů
uѩ֨֨ժ¥Ľء
ժ¥Ǹɫ꿴¥ȻڴǰţԵļֻ޴ͭȼյ̿𶼱
̾˿ǰ𴰻µҪԼ
ӵ֪Ⱥͽʧٺ󣬽Ӷɱ˷Ż𡣿ȴﰵȰҲ֪ˣνǵŮʵһȷʱЧҲ֪᲻Чļƻ
Ҫֻ侲
ʵҲȷʵ޷롣֪˭ٽ߽ȺͽڣֻȷЩ˵ĿĲڽȺͽڣȴ֪˭ڶԸ
ֻܵȣǸ߽Ⱥͽڵ̸
ʲôӦ
û뵽Ƿu
û뵽Ƿҡ
תͷĿuֱԵǲҪǺͷӵ𣿡
ɱūһ㣬ɱ޸֮ŮˣһַҪǵ
򵥵ģڶ캮ڶҪȡůֻҪ˶סĳڣҹסŴ϶ˡϢ
ȱ֣˿ͨĹŮ
Ҳȱɣô˷ɱˣû׷ɵġ
u
סu˫ۣuѽȺͽڽ
uĬΣҴû
ǻҡȻ͵Ϊʬ
ǲأuƽ˵
˵վץסu½󣬡Ϊô˵ҾͻģһķӵжӲ𣿡
uס˫֣ȴͻȻ˫־ȻôСȵĿǰףƺ˹͡
ҿȣңҾû˺ҲûСŹ˫ۣ


108 
˺ֿܶܣȸԾѵӣͻȻʲôҲ˵ˡʵ˵ҼĽȡ
Σյ˵ˣ
uԱߣ۲콪ɫڽȲ֮ǰڸס𾪣ĬĿŮˣ˵
˹Ļ˵ȨơɫƸܣΨһǣֻиˡϵ˭أ
Ӧµĸɡ
ܴԹĳ谮Ǽ٣ժǹѾ³һ飬ǴǶ䵽ϣմȾ
Ȼ֪ȴһɵĺͯðڲԴͨĺӣһٱ޴һǹշڳлСӡ
uһֱ˼ζԴˣ̽ʧˡ
̵֪ʶȴδԱŷ̽ҵ˴ˣŷѱͬʱҲֻǰ˹ߡ
޹ɽıȽʯȴûϵһ򡣳ƹµ֮ˣδˣһСŮȴѾ˭Ҳ˭Ҳ
ӿʼڣڹߵйⲣҲݳ⣬еĿԸǮеĿԸȨƣеĿΪıߣǶŹͷ
ĵһ仰ȻǣǲҪӵ𣿡
uһ̱
ûͷģڿͬʱ˵С
һ
uһҲȥһԹĽ棬Ϊѡһˣȴзң˲ùҲ˺ҡ
ȻֱʱŮǰĹʱųϣ֮ǰԴǴġ
ΣѹԲƸ׷Ծ򶯹˭뵽ܴ򶯹˲ĲǽǮȨƣֻ⼸أ
ȴûԼ޸ôõһˣҲûһôõĻ¡ǰŮ޳ȥģȻǹѾܺáܺˡ
ҺҸҴûôҸס죬Цдᡣ
Ҳܵ˽ж˵ժǹкܶණͽڶһֵױɣˣЩһһ룬·ҡҰ
ҲҪҲҪ֣ģ
Ҫ޻أԺһҵġȥ
ѽȴȥѡҡ
ȽһߣɫͱӲ
ġ˼޵ҵĸףʲô֮ˡuŽȹΪ˵
ĸôĶӣҽ𣿡ֱԵ
ȻȱŮݼ޸ͿԳƺΪˡ
uĬΣҲܴҸӦһӣҿԱ֤ڷһܵӦеء
Ҫʱ򣬾Ҫ˵
Ȼʱȥٽ˽u
˿ʣҶأҲ޸㸸ˣùһΪ
˭ϷuȻҡͷˣ
üëʱ˼Žûиѹ˵ǷڹŮΪҴ£Ҿͻ˶𣿡
uüԡ
һ𣿡
ҷһŮͲ˼ɽ𣿿ңһŮˣһŮѵ빫𣿡uʵ̫Դ˰ɣ
ʱЦˣҼʱ˵Ҷֻ֣ǵݸһѵˣѵҵĹסu۾ҽ㣬ȷҪ˼ɼ֣ҽˣȴŮڹһˣһο˶ûˣպŮˣȴֻ㡣Խ٣Խ١
uĲӺĺëˣòĵĵŭĳʧˡûӣü֮ã֪Ǽ޵˽ҡ۹Ǵ˼֮ǽʢ֮ޡ
Ӳˡ
ʢ
ʢȢģԪȴýڴ޸ʢ
uŽˣŽȻϲʲôҲû˵֮ǰ˵һĻ
գȥժǹǸǣѾǳˡͽһ£˵ȼ֮׿ڸǲôޣΪͽС
Ǽ˺Ǿûչˡ
ȴǣͽȻɴչˡ
ѵǾôԹ𣿡ʡ
Ⱥͽڶҡͷô᲻أôĹô̺ô·ͲƲȻԽܺúܺá
˵ǲ֪ж۰СҲˣСӣ춼ŮСӣǻʲôõĵأ
Ⱥͽڶ˵
ȰǿǰĹϣѡôõ¡ΥĻŭֻ»Сܵǣ
Ÿ뿪˷ֱ˲ͬĳֱӾ͵˷ң;˻
ӦҲѾ˰ɣ˵ұȥģ֪޵롭¶Ҹ΢ЦһҲһܺõɷģ
Сɸң
ʢڴ齡ȫ÷飡
ڶڽɪɪӶӡ
ʢӽϳŴ߳ȥҵĴȫԶԶģʢߵԺǰȴԺŴˣݺݵİеŮӵϣǰţ弸źŶûж忪޷޲ƽȴ޿κΣֻתȥſڵϵŮӣһŽ߿
صеĶˣҲ޴Ҳ޴ɣһƬǼתƬ̣ŭ𣺡̫
ҹȥʢһյأŴʽ˯ˡü˱˺ܾãȴͻȻ˵Ҫϲ£ҪȢˡ˸˳ǸӣǻΪǼ£ɺ·ˣȴŭ
ʱһ˹Сô죿ҪҪү
ҡͷǱ˵ˣ˵ҪҲšһĶ취
ȴҡͷ˵ǣ˰
һ£˵Ȣķˣɫ䣺˵ʲô
С˵ˡ
ˣΰҹɫüôˣ
¹ŽʢĴˣͷӷŭŮҲ㿪ץסӵϣһšҵȶ֪ȥʱѾûˡ
ΰĺһֻһûȥ˵ÿֻһˮ
ǡ˵¡ʢĴСʡ
˵ȥΰת齣˸ǷŽ۾ǸŮӰˣ˵Űɡ
ǡʢĴ˵仰ġ
ҹһϯӴӽ̧ӵ˳ǽҰɽϡ
Դ֪Ǽ޸˽ʢԲ
ȻֻǼʢҲóǸôԴˣѾСˣĻĸԸȢ
ңҺ޹ϵʵǷuԼ֪Ҫײõǽںô֪ˡ
ȥôӦҰѶн
ϣȴȥ󣬡һؽһ̽
ҲǴӽҳģ
ֻˣ뻹ڣȥʲôôȲȻ˵ΰϣϾֻҪܴӦýڽӦøЩ
ȻؽҿһȥŸаաһ£ֱԵӵƢãüѣͿֱӺѶҪˣҲи׼
ȷá
ȥɣЩҪͨĵطġ
Цİɣ


109 
»صңЩηӡվڽֽãǰǸطĵط·߲ȵСӳһˣֽߡ
ǰյģŽա˷紵ϵĻѩһ
ﵽ˽鷿ʱϤҲ˽ڽ벻ڣһˣŴգһĻҡ
ڴͷ͵˽һذĲؽС
ҼȴûĴߵĴߡϤ·Ǳ뵽ϵȴһʶСͯ˵
СͯһͲ³ǽʢĶӣ
ϻ˷ܿ˵ɱǸŮˣã޸Щȫ
Ļɱϻʱȴĸ׵Сӡ
һĺһҲ˵ԣǶû
ڴߣֻ̫תһߣ͵͵ܽʢȥһֻǲ֪ʢλǲǻסԭԺ
ʱһϤŮ̴ӵϼһСʯͷҵŮȹϡ
Ůͷһϲ£ﵽߣҲ˵ôˣ£ߡ
˳ӵĸŮ뿪ϵԺӣ˶صԺ㻹𣿷ûٴ㣿ḧŮա
Ůһ㣬סҡҡͷ˵ûУԺ󣬷˾ͺˡ벻ڣϷƽˡ
ʣأ˵ˣ𣿡
¶Цá
ŮȴôţϾҲ˵ϴãҲ˵ãǳڹҪЩŹС嵽պӲźù
˵һŮʣʲô
һİŮ޸˴ӡŮòã̽һ̽
Ůס죺ԭ޸ӵǹŮֲôһѹ˵վͰѷĶء˵øӻµģڴӵķ齶ûУ˯ڵء
æʣǼ޽Ůأ
Ůҡͷû˵Ҳû˼ԥһ£С˵Ƕ˵ܱӴˡ
ɫȻˡ
ŮæΪÿֻһˮûС˵˳Եֲһûи׼ʳǾͲ¡
ڵ֪ͽкľŭڵ֪ȺͽʧٺĻֲ̿ڼƽºο
һҪ֪ڵôˣ
Ůӻסԭĵط𣿡
Ůͷȥ˵ڴʱŭ̺˶úԶ㲻Ҫ˷־ˡ
ŮС·һ˾Ͳˡ
Ůȥ󣬿ūվ·㶣ﰭۣ÷˿Ҫˣȥ
ūΨΨŵŵͷתݡ
ŮʰݣҶȥƽ£Ƿ˲١Ÿ衣
ſߵǰŮ½еĻ֦ϸɿݵİҶȥ
վڴǰȥס֣ڿʲô
ϵͷһźͽ˼ΪƵͷûУûʲô
Ǳ˽ʢԺӡΪ˲ŸոջͥǰĻԵģʱڻѩ֮ܿһҶɫ
ԺˡŻҲˣܿİƵڵصĻ棬ϵͻһЩûĨ
ﵽڣãһ洰ƣбĹ
İѶذϣˡ
ûѵʢڴ˴

ƿš
һ޽ͷն
˷ذǰȥ
ʢƺһŤ
ץſؿ԰ذͱӳȥϥһ
߸׳ȥˤĴϣһѵĴס˲ูʢǿ׼˲Űӹġ
ͷҲЩ裬վ
ʢʱ㡭ǽˣǽĳūֻǽ˷ǻӭȢ֣ŮΪޣڻҪɱһѪĭؿֹסʹͺӿϵס죬ѪĭͣĴָ
Ҫɱңôܰ
ʢŽŬվȡȡؿڵ˴˺һ½סٽ
ղǳ䲻һе֣ʢƴһҪսʼʩض㿪ʢĽϲһŶӡ
Сӣʢۼ׷ϣγذǰǸӰһٺܳȥˣ£Ҳ̲ס⣬ҿÿһѪĭӿ
ʢĴĶܽʱʢſڵϣȣһ߿һŻѪȫ罦Ѫ
һ˹ȥˣˣ˰˰
ʢ֪ԼˣץסˣѪĭѵ롭ɱҡɱҡ
ĸξѣ޺˷ģūر˳𣡲˳ĲΪˣ
ʢڵϣ̱ȿһڿڵѪܸоиŲĶӣءס
ҷĴˡ
˽鷿УСʱϲĵط
ᴭϢţһľۡ
ܰΡǵ˵ذ׾ͻѪͻᱻ֡
ûˣǽҲûе㡣
ԽԽˡ
ס˫֣˫Ѿû֪ˡ
ʢɡһǴԲ̵ġԲɱˣСʱǱ˵׷õܣͽѶذֻսؿڣþȫȥ˵˵ĻֻҪ嵽˾Ҫͱͱٽһ˱
ˣΪڱˡ
롭ûпʬףǾͿԸ߹ʵڿܻţͲ̫ˡ
ӿ
ûнڡѾˡʬ׶Ҳˡ
ܸ߹ܸѹġ
֨һŴ򿪣սʹ۾
ϤȹڣŵϤ
ˡ
ľȻվڹǰС
Ϊɱʢ𣿡ʡ
ҧסûлش
ǹܱѹ
ǺǡϹЦūԼǿ㣬С㵱ˣȵˣְ͸ˡһ仰㻹ǻΪ
ƯĴ۾ƣǲǶ˶
óϾˡ
ˣǳʡ
ͻȻ˵ڷȢ֣ŮΪޡ
ˣĿϡԼûԽʵҲԼҲҪֻ֮нϱʲôûΪǿŵ֮ȴ׾ٵĶߣȢΪޡ
Ϊʹ࣬ĥԼͷȴʵԼûʲôͬ
Ϊʲôң
Ͼĺ۾ͣǰΡ
ƾʲôƾʲô૵γذ׾ҪȥҪмȴһ
ʱūͻȻƵڵء
ū
ҪУūæס죬ʧĿô죿ô죿
ϣɱɱ
ϵɴ˫ۿ
ūץϵͷͷݺݵĿ˵ϡ


110 
ū֪Լôͣģֻǵͣʱڰˣ˺ܾãһôãߵĴ
ĴϢ̫ʲôطˣᳶ˿ڡ
ſϣ̱ڵϣһڲŷôᡢôС
תͷڰĵط׵ķ⣬϶亹ۿڣ۾ȴ
ߡūһһֻ֡
ūƹϵϣһ˿סʱЩˤץס־ץסһľ
ƺԽԽˡ
ҵġ
Ŭվūŷһذ
㡢ˡū˵
ղŶĵطһС̲Ѫݡ
û¡
˻пš߽ҡ
ūϣϴʣҵƺȫˡ
ָŴͷ˵ƿǸӡ
ūȥǸӣƲҪῪҲܰͿǸǰͻȻӷһ죬ѹӱһľ塣
ƿ
ƿǿľ壬ľĻ棬¶µĵص
ū֪Լǲһ̣Ρ
ˡ
ȥɡڴ˵
ūȥû뵽صȻһһӾͻȥһֱףǰһƬǰй͸
¶ǰʱȻһ䵽ϣƺߡ
~
ߡ
ūǰ͸ĵطʱҲ˽ϵ
г
ūһʱˡ
ĴϢӽһֻ亹Խļ磬ȥƿţĹȻ
ū˳ȥ޼ɵÿһ䣬ĽֵһۿͷǰԶиֳӵһĶԭô
Ϻ࣬ȫûлݡûиɾĵذ塣
մһϡϥȫǡ
£ɫӲ԰ס
ū޴룬ҡع̧ͷ̨ķ
ܻȥҡͷᱻ֡ӲС̨һصժ¥һ̱֣ժǹȥ
ô죿ū£ô죿ȥҽߣ
ȥңЦֳиҽߣս뱻ϴˣǽҹˮѻҽҽεġȥһҽ
ūӿЦ
ūܵһֵ
ȫѲġȡǮūȥţѾܽˣǳȥ
ūһһȥ˳ţǸ˻Լū֪ô߰㣿˵۵ġ
ЩԼ֮Ͻѳϵϣϸһ鲼ͷŶסţȥ
ȷʵźܽūĴźûвţͷˣ˳ĳ˳ǡ
˺٣ū֪ȥֻߵδȥ
һķţܡ
ʱƿ鲼ۣҲüš
~ɫ䣬Ϊˡ
ſ۾۾Ц
ס֣亹
ٳһ£ҵӣһҽߵģ
գգۣ΢Ц
ūͷţû˸ϳţҲܵúܿ졣
ٿֱ۾ˡ
~Ǹʲôˣ̲סʡ
ۣãȻ֪ĵطܺãҺܺá֪˵ū˵Լ
䣬һ͸Ƥá
˵ҪЬӺӡ
˵ԡ⻹Զٶԡ
ˣҲˣӲ
૵
ū񣬡ôأţôأ
۾Щˣӻͳһεңĥ⻬ĺ解Բ·ūУû¡
ūæУܵĲغãֲˣæһѣ~~˯
̧ͷ۾û΢΢Цһ¡
ūԶûп䣬ǰֻһ޼ʵĻҰ
ʱԶһӭţܹ˫ۺ
ūվڳϾӣ֮ıûлȥ
һѾСӣŽܹеıӺɪ£ԶԶĹ˼ͷָŲԶͰ͵ҡүүˤˣܲ㡭òУҷ˵оӿᡣ
ūˣСܵܣаҪȥҽߣҸˡ
СͯһͻȻүүҽߣүүˣ
ҽɽϣղû˱һŲ棬ͻڻʱǵһ졣֪ȶȴҲˣֻſڵϡ
Сͯղˣߴߴܻ󻹸һˡҽֻܿ˵ЬϸĲѥӡ
ˣôĵĹأ
վǰȲæɻˣ
СͯŬͷүүᣡģ
ҽһ˵ֻţ
ūԥһ£ǰѻҽ𣬲ϻҽᣬԱŻҽɽ¡
ҽſ·ͣһţ
ūѻҽŵϣҽԼƿ鲼ˡ
ֻһۣϳǵڽСͯ
Сͯˣòӳڡ
Ѿ˹ȥҽϵذףһѽذװ˳ѪӿҽСͯס
ūô죿ô죿~𣿡
ҽٿ꣬Ҳô̾һӲڴͳһõľɲ򿪣ŰֵĲΡһƬ죬˽ȥ
СͯǽǰɣǾ򵽸ҩ
ūҲϲİţת˸䣬ŵûҽϽ˵ܻسǣ
СͯãȻүү㲻Ҫȥֳ𣿡
ūҲ⣬ҵҽˣûˣͿԻع
ҽūһɥȥֳǡ˶ɵˣͱƽˡ
Сͯʣȥﰡүү
ҽȰԼãպüаʱȰͣٺɡָ˸򣬶ū˵ߣ
ȻСͯѴ򿪣ѶҲȥھ⿪·Ȱϵһ˿еľ̸ٿǴˡ
ҵǣ⵶Ӧǲȥģȥģ˿ڲṵ̂εذףûѪ
鷳˴ϣ޷ѸЧֹѪ
ҲͷһͱҪ˿ˡͷҲõЦǸһһҹҵңҶܰ㰡ˡ


111 Ѱ
ĺҲΪȡһ۾ʱѾԽˮ쵽ͨˡ
ˣҽͷԵСͯһƤ˯㣬Ͱҩ˰ɣףȫˣ˷ѡҽݹȥһֻ«
ſŵģֽӺ«ͻȻһۣſ죬ȴһƬΣҽۼֿļ˷ѣҾͰزΣ㰾ҩò˼죡㶼ˣֻҪٻȥõġ
ССںŻ̵ҩ֭ɫΧūڳϻһ£һС
ҽһֱڿٱСкӡûϥǸߣһ˫۾ɽ¹ѡ
ʱͿ⺢Ӵڳ˺Ҳû䱿
лѺ«ҩһβʣȫȹˣҽλκ«ĵͷ˯һǾͿ쵽ͨˡ
ͨݣ
ҽζ˵⺢ӵʲôֳ֪ǵˮһ·ж𣿡
Ĭ
ҽЩȥˡתͨݣȰҪȥǣǾѰ·Ҳδػһ
ת˼Ȧ˵лҽֵܡū̾һҲȥˡ
ҽһ㲻ǵȻͱȥˣֵҲøĸա
죬ͷһǵüսҽͽҽɡ
ҽͷָū˵ֵܾǽ
糿ūѾԼԱˣ־ϲȻҽСͯʱæ˵ȥŵģһֱû취뿪һֱӡеİңó
ǻǸŻҽɡ
ūһŻҽһȥţ
ū湫ǲһֻ֣ūҳϣЩʱ俴СȰڽɱ˽ʢڵץңҵ˲࣬òڣһϣֻ¾Σաѽ⡭ֻǽڵ¡ֻιЩ֪ౣԼ
ʱȥҲҪŹܷ׻ѳ顣ᶨ˵
ūͷǺãǾ͵ٻȥ
СͯקŻҽӣүү䣬ǽȥ
ҽڵϣ˵үүء
СͯţҽӣֲŮӣĻŷ㣡
ۣҽ̧ƨɷ˸ƨСͯűˣҽЦ
꣬ϡϡĶʪ̨ס
Ż϶¥ǰŹš
ܹȥѻڹϡ
ĳһ䣺عͷӲĿŹӾϲʧٵľȻ
ֿܵˡڹ˵
û˵
Ҳûٿڣûл֮ժ¥С
ȥտǰɡ˵
ûлĵˣյ˵ժ¥û׼η纮ҩƺֲǾ֢һȾڷֽǷ̧֮ӵֻðѽǷڶ¥һû˾ͱ͵ȥˡ
Ҳû취ֻȣһû¯Ƥñ£һñˮ¡û¼ƣҲ֪յ˶ٶȣַȥ̵ġ
ڽǶ˶¥ֻн񡢽Ը¥÷ˡˮһū潪ȥժǹһ
֪ôˣô붼׶༪١ʼ˼ǲ̫Դˣ̫иˣľͿǵ뽪ڵͣڰ͵ժǹͰǼأ
ΪʲôԪȰѽȺͽڼ޳ȥѵǱǸмֵ˵ŮݳޣΪʲôǺһ㣿·ʱ㣬ҲԶǱʾһ£޳ȥǸ𣿻ǴǿߵŮһ޸󳼣
ͷԺУô룬Ѿˣ׷档
תͷǰȴĿһʹ
СĲСʧپǸľʾçײˣҲ뿴ߵ˲ˡ
ŰԿǰĹ׳ŵǰѴϣӶ𣿡
ѰǰƿոǣⷢŨζѾü춼ϳԶˣǺȵˮڱͲˡѰǰƣȣζƮɣ
һ⣬˿ڿˮ
ĵĺס°ʹţҪԵ㶫
ͷ棺ô죬һܶ˶Բɣһ¥ܶɡ
һ㶣ûкܶˡ
˵нЩζҲ㡣йŮǾԣҪ˵ڹмį˵Ҫ˵ܰǴ
֪ཪԶߵ¾ͺˡ
֪ȺͽھͲˡʲôһҪʶˣ֪¡


112 ´
ںĶ죬һŨŨԶƮ
죡

ĹŮ˻顢ժ¥ȥ
׼ʲô¸߹
šϻʱ˵˸ЦԱˣʱѧ
أ
л˸СӣϻҿŮ棬Ҳѧ
˵ǸСӾǹͳȥģҲǴĶӡ
ꡪ
һ¥зһֻ޶ɢŨԱ߰ѱڶϡΧŶȴȫͷ¥ݣЩ϶¥Ľѡ
¥һ¥ȫͬľ
һǰڷֻ䣬Ϸ򿪣⣬ǮĲƥ
һŮǵ۾Щϣȿֺ˵ԼŹ£±ԱߵĽñȥһǾͻ㿪ãԼ¥ˡ
СһŮԥ˺һߵĽǣſ˵ϻҿϴ˵·Ѫ
Ĺֱѵ˴ˣ
ǲǣһŮæǴܣһֱϼˣ
ʣ
ټˣϻشҲȥֻҪ飡
һڵĹŮݺšһĹŮ˵˿˵ĺûˣ
һ£ֹԾͬĹŮҲԾˣǸŮ׷ʣô֪ģ
𣿡
ʲôʱһģ
ǲаˣ
ǸŮݺƿˣǰŲ˵˵ľǼٻҪˮҲſģЩ޵˵ֻҰæϴ·ҸˣԼϴġϵóǾǷ˵ȹӣ
Ц˼˵Ƿ˲˼ˣ֪ˤһӣˤˣŲñ֪ҲҪ߱ѽ
ŮǸһЩǮ¥ȥ˶֪Ǹ˹ʲôȴ˶ƿվǰֱ׳˺ܶʢһŨŨȻ⣬ȴ˺ܶĻƬǣȻף˵ﵹһ͵⽴ﻹоأ
ʳֻڹܳ
һЩһʼֻ͵͵ռˣǺܿ췢¥˶ڻвŶȥ빫ʲôأ
Ȼ̲סܿ˵߼
֮ɫժ¥Ҫˣ߰װ׸һԵģòУֱİЩ˶ˡ
Ŷ̲סҨһףŶû뵽ôóԵռ˾Ƶͽռ˽ŨЩ˹ƶûԳֻһС⽴ʣµȫǶвβ
࣬ˡһѶµĲ̿ϳһ˴ߵŶĽࡣ
⼸գǱ˯ժ¥ڣΪ캮סý˱˯£Ŵů͵ǿһ˯Ҳҹ͵ضһˡ
˵ϵŮʴȲҲϧ۰ھù⻰ߣҲˡߺ󣬻ûһЦ˵Ҷǵðʲôˡ
ǲŹĴȰͣΧǲٰ
Щҹˣǿɲ
ǸˣǶӶ
һˡ
˺߲ͬǶˣܹ̣Ϊ˷̴ǵûӡʩڿĵط
߹ȥʲô֣ĸˣ
˵Ͳǳɪɪ״ֱ࣬ˡ
;ĺ˼ֻ̫߹˵
ָ¥ݣǾĳȥɡ
ֹһҲ¥ʱ¥жʮ߶񣬺һֻһţ
˸¡
һ¡Щ˻˺
ÿĶʳͷϷſʼ
ѾϰˣǲûаӺϣѸĲƥ̯̯ڵϣ˳ͣѲùۿŲ𣬽ǽһҽϣЩ谵Է
˿ˣͣ½Ų
һѣСĽСֹ⣬֪жأƺڳЦټ֡
ЦЦ˵˾䣺
СͯƺôͰЩƯǸŽСͯãϵĽͽܵߣūūҪ
˼СͯĶͷһ£һҲ˵ðɣ·òã
Сͯ˿ߵ󣬾ͱСͯһȭһŵƴЩͯúܣ˽´ܶûзһ
˿һĻвժǹ̶ݵĴԡ̫ºͣЩСͯĸô޼ɵ
ģЦָǰŵһֻ˵Ȱɡ
һСܹͯһֻСһԼźһڣŰѶݸˡ
˽һ£ô㣿һٸ㡣ȥ
˺Ũǡк桢йԲס̲סһȫȹˣĸ·ʱŻ
ˡ
һ˿΢΢ԥʱҲûй˼ˡ
ҪȡùֻĹ£ôû֪أͲԼͬĿʼ˵ߵˡ
˲˵Լҵ£˵һ¿˵빫Ҫ߱ˡ
ģֻǽưˡЦ˵ÿô£ôÿһǵأ
˵׷˵ŮҿǸŮҪסȴƿˣЩˤ
һڿЦȤǺˣҸ𣿡
ЩͯҲΧġ
𣿡
ǲƭ˰
Ůǲа˰
ҿǴ̫
˼ЩСͯ˵˵Ҳ⣬ԼҲ
㡣һţȻǸġһڹǰһһھͷˣֱЩСͯźȡ
ȲĸԼһһȻ˺桢Բϸһ˿׾Ƶ滹еɫϸ˿Ʈ֪ǺԱߵСͯ˼
˴һڣů̵ºȻĿУ֪ͺˣָϽԼٵһ˵
Ϊ˲֪ΪΣǾܾŰŮɡЩҲ˽²²ͷ֮¡
һΪ̫ˡһСͯŴȣϵ˵
˿ں涼ЦˣСͯͷ˵˵ϣǽСϣ
æ˵϶Ǵ̫ˣ˲žܾİɣ
ֳһ׷潽ŨŨ⽴뿪ΪҲû¹¸߹ˣ⣬»һҪһЩٳһٱ
ǻţѾѹԼˡ
ιȽĶͷ˵ûˡ
ǸղĽ˵ڸ𣿴ֻ𣿡
ĬҡҡͷûղǸҹ˵¡
ǲ꽪ϱӣôãסڶ¥βǴֲˣҲżȥң˵¸
סӿǲǲҪˣ
סǵ죬ſ˵ѹ̾˵ǲȥңǲȥңҲȥҡҪȥ֣ɹ˵ôȥ㻹ôС
û˵СͲɻ֤һҵ֣ǲϣֻðūȥժǹ·ϴһ½ҵ¡
һŻգժǹĺ¹ȴ˵нȫѲ봳ժǹǴ˳ȥ
ūҲȥˡ
ɲ˵ĪҴ֣
֪˵ûϢǺϢΪժǹ˵Ұûʬ룬һƽ£ֻʱû취ɡ
ʣǡأ
Ӳһ£ɺã˯ɣ˯ɡ
˵ūժǹҰطֵһƬõ´Ȼû·
պ󣬹Ͱ´£ÿ˯ǰ۾Żһʶ


113 
ܶȥժ¥˿վ˵
㱣ŷӦ˵ǹį
~񲻼ˡ˿˵
һ£ˣǲǵȥˣ
˿Ҳ֪̾˿ǽڹУһ֪Ψһūѱ档
֪ôˡ򷮳ǵķ
еĽողȢ֣ŮΪޣŮǽʢ֮޵ͬĸá
ˣЩ˻ߣڳ߽Բ˵ͷ
ʣֳǷʲô£𣿡
ҡͷûСֻ֪ʢȢ˹ŮΪޣ֮һ𱻹˼˭Ҳûǡ
ɵʢ˵Ȣ˹ŮΪ˹֣ɱˣȢŮݺݵ̽
ʱд˽ᣬͷТڽǰӣˣȥˣ
͵𣺡˵ʲôԲҲǴʧɫ
嵽ǰһѽ𣺡˵һ飡ôˣ
۵Ĵ˱ɱˣɱˣ
뽫ڵϣǰһڣԲϽǰסˣӿԲҵĽأҵĽأ˵ϣץ𽣰䣬ײײҪȥ
ȥǰſ˫ۣˣܻȥ
ÿ˫Ŀ죬νʡ
ٶ壬ӭŽ̹ȻˣūĲǣūûдūȥ˶ƽ£
Բ󾪣ô˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ģЦ
ūģһһطˣ˸ͷ󲽱ȥ
뽩ԭأԲСĿѽݡϣһֳŶ£ԶԶôᡭ
ԲҲۿڽ˵ˣһҲôѹġ
㱵˵ԶǰǲǻңԼˣûȢˣ᲻ң
Բˣֻ»ء
ϹҲЦˣ̾԰ˣԶֻ»ءסſ
ԲԱţȽ޹һź
Ҳ˰侲Զ齿ᣬֻǲСײʲôűʮ˽ϣϵƢݳģԽҺ޸飬ߺҲֻԼԺӣ˭ͷϣܡܷ뿪
ԲҲ˽ϣɻӦֻԺѲʲô˴ԺУ˷ˣ
ұΪ˱𣡡
պŴһýԾϢ
˵ڷȥĶǽΰˣҴ̿ͣţΪ̿ȥģ
嶼һ㻳ɣ˵ӣʹͷ̿ͳýʢ»֮ʣɱ
뾪˵ˣ̿͵ˣɱ˽ʢ
忴۴Բֹˣ̿͵ֺˡ
ֲãΪ̿͹ȥġüʢûϵ̿ΪʲôҪðأҲԲ
Բ壬ְס̽Ϊοĳ
ɱʢֻһСؿڣһֱģʢòŶ
ֵԣ㣿
ԲһãȻһıֻز֧򲻵еʱֻҪһϢڣܷˡ
һ£ͻȻ˱~һϲԽ˵Ҳ֪
Ȼ᲻ŴԲ˵ʲô£
˱˷˵鷿˲֮Ǵ˴ϵİӳȥġ
Ȼ뵽˱~Բתɫʱһڡ
뷢ˣʣԣ뵽ʲô˵
ԲƬ̣˿ɻǵǸֹ
µڶ֮ʮֳ谮еһֹֹκˣ١ͷʹߵʱ򣬾ֹ١֪ǳʲôɣ뷢ϾȻֹ˽˻ӡ
ôԲֹȥʱɱˣڳ⡣
Բֹ󣬲İֹΪֻ뱨룬ֹ˽顣Ҳ޿κΣ֮ϰѱ~ȥһˡ
Բʱֹ˽Ļ䣬ʱȴԲڡ
˾ԲųߵʣɱǸֹ
Բͷ
˵˽飬Ѱˣ˵鷿ᣬ̿ǡöɱ˷ˣ谵ӳȥһ룬ȷʵܺ
ԲĬ
ʹԲȻǷֱߵģ뱲˽˴ˡŴԲת͵˰ɡ
óԲܽдԲϧҲҪˣҲɱʹԲ޶һֻ֮ˡȻЩĽԲˣôһˣҲһҸ
ҹԲڽ봲ǰ֣ŮϹᣬڴǡ
Ŵ£Ǹɰĺӡ
~
ɱ˽ʢΪʲô
ȢΪ˹ɱǸ۵ĺӡ
أҲɱǰô㣬㶼ûж֡
ΪѾǹ
ɱʢҲ㡣ɱ˷ˣԺ㣬Ҿֻȡˡ
뿴ŴԲͻȻҹɫпڣǱ~𣿡
Բһæ£ˡҲ֪
һɵģɱɡ
Բͷ˵ǡ


114 
˺٣Դиʱͷһ𡣡һ˶˵ǰԶͼ˿˿ζͣƮı
չ˵ģȡˣľߦ࣬ĻǷۣųںٷŵ壬ɽɫճһǷۡ
ıҧһڣȥ
ΪƽѹǣıֻһڣָЩСͯд¥ˡ
Щڳһڻƽ󣬸Ըⳤõժ¥ˣǹ˺ܾòϵڶ̻ƽǸ˻˵ͣ
˵ͶҪ˵ˣߣ֪ǰһֽɫıֻҪڣͻһ飬ȻͶЩСͯˣǳԶϧֱºûС
Ͳÿϼβ˵ˡ
ҰѴµɹ˵ֻ˵˵¡ҺùһҲں
Ϊʲôʡ
˿еıЦСͯһ顣С̫ͯøøʱһۡ
˵Ϊһκÿ춼ɡ
κˣʲôʲôȤ£ʡ
˵Ǹκֻз빫һߣһϵҶû
ӸסЦˡ
˼˵ģڷ빫û
СͯҲЦǰϣվȸӣ׷˵ôߣǲǸߣ
ǡðūСͯЦøˣָŰū˵϶ֻаūϥǸߣ
˿ߴİūҲЦˡ
ūͨ³˲ͬʱȡЦϰˡѺŵߣҪ𣿡
ûθڣƿ
ǵĲѾˣһ԰ǵһ
˿ڿˮԼе˵ܲҲūūһ룿
ͷū͸Ƕһ˵һ롣
ǵĶѾˣССںȣСͯ״һһڶȹˡ
æԼһȥκֻֻз빫빨㣬˾Ͷˡ
Ǹκ˻˵³𣿡
˵ͷ˵ֻ˵ΪҲ³ءֻһ˾֪ˡ
κ˺³˲ͬ𣿡
˵κ˵Ƿģ˻ϲϸϸĺӡ
ʲôϸϸĺӣ
ص˵κ˲ϲӣܶͻһһεʣ¼ģ
ǵ޲ס
˼һĸˡҲԲˡ
ߵʱϼ졣
ȥˣؽŴ¯弸ʼΪ̴Ծɿƾ˼У߹ȥڹߣС˵һһֱ˵кù¿Ը߹Ѿ¥µˡ
һ
ԥһС˵еˡܻСӵϢ
Сͯ仰ͷתǺͽ̲ס߹
عҡͷˡ
ˣǳסĸ첲ҡΣ㲻СӴ𣿡
ЩСͯȻףǳһֶûиǣǾ֪ôڿǰ
Ҳǡ
߻á˵
ǲҡˣߣ¥иˡСͯҲ׷ױܿֻнûߣֻʣͽˣСʣ𣿡
Ƕ֪СǺҪģΪǴĶӡûĸףҲҪ֪ǰһһӶûжӰ
³֪һӡ
´ڲϣ˭֪Ժ󻹻᲻жأһûأ
Ϊܶˡǣôǲжӵˡ
СӾͺпܻδĴ
˭СӣǸԺ̨ͻȨơ
ڵС˵ȻùáΪȨƣҲܸСһĸףȴԳСĶӡ
ǶǹˣȻϣСڹˡ
ƺףҪСǺԸ
һ
񿴵ﻹʣһƽ˵磬Ұʣ͵͵Сӡ
ҲáҪѽڳлҲҪעߵһһĸϵҪ˷֡С
һȻǲҪСˣ
ãһ쵽
ֻҪУĲظңҲسϵ߷ʲôһϵɡϵԽ٣Խȫ˵
֣صĵͷūˣһ߰ʵģ
̫䵽ƽ£ؼһƬ
ڴϣŴ⼸õϢһз˼
ȣƺѾԼġС͢
ֵֻ߳зuͷȶԣu͹ǳࡣ
һֻʮңͷu㲻ͬסڹ̺ġֻ˲ֻͬڴʹǽ̸ʱӴķԸ
£Ԫ߾нҡҺ͹ҵˡ
ܽԪǲ֪ȶģõġʲôʱϵһܻһ˻վߡ
αԡּܿգԪøһ㡣
ȥԪȨԽͽͻԽԽ޷Ⱥͽڵ»һݡ
һҪƻΡ
Ҫƽ⣬ֻһʧ⡣
񡣡һ
ǰС˵·Ը
׷Ů£Ҫ÷֪˵
Ϊѵǡһֱšô֪أ
ֻҪ˾֪ȻȻġ
Ůնժ¥ȥŮȻˡ
˵춼ھٰᡣһŮ޵˵
ݳޣ
ţѵΪһ𣿡
˵ÿ춼⣬кܶԵģиһŮ˿ڿˮ
ŮϷӦЦŰʡ
ðǲȥ
˵ôȥģϹŮ·
˵Ͱ㽻֣
֣ŮŵûпֵӰ˿
㰢ǣġ
һֱŲ˵̫Եʣ˵ڷ
ò׽ˣȴˡҺûаӡ
ǻһεĵط졣ڰӴŮȥºˣֲǣѵء
ǸŮ˵кܶȥأһ˳лŮˣ붼ǹŮ
ôó𣿡һ̲סʡ
ŮѹܺóԣȵģƮźͣϻһ̵һţأ
˵˰죬̲סˣ͵͵ϹŮ·˲ע⣬Źϣѱϣװ˯һժ¥
·϶ģܿͿժ¥ǰˣǸŮ˵ģŮм仹һЩ¡µˣҲглŮȻǷҳģǵѾһˣһ֮£⼸æܿ㵽˹Ůм䡣
ȷʵһڴ󶦣ð۾ֻŵ˵ζ
Ů˿ڿˮǰȴû롣
ǸŮ˵ȳԱȻȥȱ˳꣡
˱һȺʶĹŮм䣬ƺǶŽһ
ǼŮڱ߳Աģһ˵𣿴׷Ů£Ůѹ·Ͽ˴ŮȥºϳǸŮأ
⼸Ůʲô
Ͼ׷ʣһ𣿡
ǸŮ˵ĸӺܸߣأͿ֬Ҵûôĺɫ
һŮæ˵ԭǸӸ߸ߵģҲҼǵվڴǰ£Ƥ˿ף
Ůǲð亹ӸߣͿ֬ǲǰࣿ
׷𣿡һŮɵڣôᰮһŮ
ġһŻɫȹӵĹŮ˵¼ȥץ֣أЩײ빫ӣҿǸŮء
ŮǲȥˣȺ˳ȥæˡ
ܻ񲻶պÿӴ˻ˣЩŰȥºŮǶæȥˮϴӻ·ͷ
ŮҵתһȦȴûֻʱˡ
ࣿҪͷǾȻˡǸŮ˵
Ůŵɫ԰ף׷ʣΪͷ
ʲôǸŮڼ޵˵ϲء⻰˵ͱһŮһ£˵ʲôŷ޷޲ƽı졣
Ůǳ̾˿ߵŮС˵ˣΪҪѰأಢԸⰡ
ӷת˵Ҫ˵ˣ
ܴ谮ͻһֱȥˣٴ̼˰ܵõ谮Ҳûʲôã
Ů˵һ֪ˣȻΪ˹ġټŮԼҽãѵ֪Ͳ
ʹ˵ʲô취ҵģѾ뾡취ڴǰˣɴǳš
ǹġҪǽãӷߺ޵ĵૡ
ԽԽǲ߽СŮܳ裬ܺùܳɡҲ


115 
ĻصĲЩˣŬͦͺ׵۾ЩŮҿ
һ˻ص˷䡣
һĬһˮƿ߽밢಻ԶĵطԴһ棬Ŀӹ޵׵۾ʱֱͬ顣
ĬĬˮߵ󣬵ˮ𣬰ĬˮСʣֱܴ𣿡
˵౻ס󣬱Ů֣ĸ˰ӣӾʹűŮȻˣѰһ˶ڽº
˶Ϊõĳ谮
ĬΪһ£ʱ־ÿܲôá
ĬĬҲû˵
˺ܾãʪܵĳȫʪ͸ˣѾôڵϡͷϡȫˮҲûв
밢ĬԶĵطİַߺ޵ĿŰĬĽ𣿡
ĬæҡͷͷǴءοаӺͰڣע⵽ġ
Ц
࣬ôˣĬСߡ˳ŰĿ⿴ȥȻǰסĵطЩ£ѵǺްˣ
Ƕ֪һֱĽɡ
ǱͽΪ˰ӺͰǰ
࣬ǵʹḧŰļ磬µļӲ
࡭ĬͻȻӿᣬᱧסࡣ
ǿĵŴһܡ
Ҫȥ̴ģ
uߵº̨ǰͻȻ洫һŮ˷ĺ

ȻһЦ
ֹֻſŵˣǺˣ
ϣǰӡ
дᳰƮƮ˵빫ӣãˡ
uɫʱúܲÿ
ЩҲǴҹӣȻuûмȴһʶu
ЦһҲ벻ˡһۣ˺ŮϷء
uһ˴̵ͨ죬һҲٴȥˣ
ԶԶĿuҴȥӰӭȥɣɣ
ֻuȻ棬ܿӿŲˡ
㲻ԣߵǰĶЦˣˣղˣ΢Цͷ
һuʱжྫʣ̲סڵǰЦ
ʧˡ꣬Ҵܳͨ죬ԹһҾӣӭ㡣
㿴СղſڽУһ㣿
ʱղűŮץסͷظУ˵Ϊš˲ǴЦ
ԱߵҲͷЦͣ
ֻðѹϽȥ
һ·ЦԪѳϣͷȻ룬ȴԴŻֺдĴ⡣
ң㹰֡
ȥӵһشϰｪԪ¡
Ԫָ˵ĺ
ϣͻȻһվ𣬴ƨɵóһֻĹˡЦô죿
ԪһۣӹһӣżȥĺǲܴȻſ𣿡
ϯ˵Ϊ˽ȴ˵ֻκԽ棬˵ǲΪκ顣³ԭҲֻ˵Ϊ˰ݷô
κ³ڣڡ
㱾Ϊῴλѽ޸ôʱˣʹڶûɹǸСôе³
㿴ԽԶԽ
㵹ôȢҪҪء죬֡
ϯһˣԭŮ޸κӡ
ڵκ֮ܺãЩ飬Ǹ𾴵ˡҲһϲ
κŮ޸ΪŮ󣬴Ůһĸֳ̥ͬκĴӡѧ꣬ǰŹδȢޡ
ҹ㻹֪һ˲֪Ĺ£κλӡ
˵ǲڼ³ı֮⣬κ˾٣ʵôκ˵Ļӭκ󶼲޳ɣ»ΪĶӽ׸λ
κѾ⡣
ùκͺ͵һشӵķֻѾûϹȢˣĻʵۺòײµ̫ӣ˵ʵҲϲɣϲԼĽ㳯һ
κֻܰĿĹϡ
ǸѡȣκνСκһȢ˽պ󽫽Ҳǲܵģ󣬶ҲѾˣĶӶôɲţԲŲòź͹µΨһŮ
ɲκ¡³ΧĹԽǿ󣬶³Խ
¡
Ҫ˵ѣֻҪ˵һ˵޵κ³һȻѣĶˡ
ֻǽԪܷǣǸϯ˼죬ɽ˵лΨһûľժǹ
ժǹ£ΪʲôҪ³ôأ
ǲǡҶʹ㡣ժǹ붼Ĺ͡
Цҡͷģʲôǿ޵Ļء
Ҳײ빬죬ժǹܵۼĵطĺӶץˣ͵пڣд붼ڲҹʱӹߵĺӣ˺ӵĸĸ˵ӿУӻԼĺӺ޲мժǹժǹ
ʣûĺ򶼱ժǹ
ǰжٹڹݵĴԣ𣬶˳̹Ļ
ڹǮɫĸ岻Ǯɫأ


116 
һϤ߽ժ¥еġ
磬Ͱūǡڰǰ緹˵¥ȥ˽Ц˵磡
ſϵİļ⣬лƽ̲ס˿ˮʹľ͸Ŷ¥
ڳԵĺ٣ΪʲôԲζúóԡ緹ͽһԣԲµĶǳԣ˷ѡ
˽Ҳûϣָǰ˵ɡ
ͰūѰڽǰƿոǣ˵һЩɡ
ɽֻչĶѿˣ˵ﶹѿжһʼ˵ʱΪǶû뵽Ƕѿ
ڲԶʢһ뼦ƽ
˽ӹƺǸ𴲲˵ͯҲֻų緹ԥһ£룬Թ˵ǰչˣʹ̸һƺϽˣҪҪժǹ
ƺժ¥˵ʲôԶѰһ
ǰ˺ʹڵˣǷ빫ˣŭˣȻ󹨹ҲˣŴŮˡ
ΪʲôҪ߰һʡ
СͯҲһź˽
һշ빫ӵɫЦϷȴײţȻɬ
һʼЩСͯǰһ˵ͱﲻסЦ˶Ҽҷ磬ǼҵŮӽ˹ֻ빫ӵôÿֻԺնҽºˡ
Ȼ¶һ˿ЦuҲժ¥Ц빫ǰĹӼӣǧϵ˲˵öﶼһġ
½ҪЦˣָŻƽ˵лңٳһɡ
Ҳûһθˡ
æϡֹס˵ȥ԰ɣû¡
һһ㵽˹
صСͯм䣬һ⡣ƽʱԷûģժ¥ÿֻйķ⣬ԡ
ˣСʽ񣺡ƺģϽҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷû˵ռסͲ˵ˡѺͷӲȫһȥ
ڹӺ档
ϥţԺһƬհס
Ҫˡ
ΪʲôڲŻ
ΪʲôҪߣ
Ҽ
ߵʱҶڣһжܺáɾô̶̵ļʮ칦һжˡ
جج䣬ͯ˽̸
ЩӶܴǾ㲻ʲô֪ΪʲôҪЩ˵ƾֱԽºãĹŮҲá
Щӣ;ԼûʸܣûʸԹˡ
ģ֪˷̫ʱ䡣Ҵ뿪ǰ񣺡ϣڹӭϽģùҪ飬þɡ
뿪󣬸ղųԸͣĽϰ緹һɨգΪ˶˵һ㣬ƽʱͰѷˡ
Ͱū¥ȥʽ񣺡ǻ𣿡
ǶԼоˣܲٻصժǹˡǸطѾĿеġҡˡ
Ҳ֪ȥʹ
ĽŲҾ߳
񿴵æܹմĻҳװûŹصϣǳ𣿡
ͷȥʰһ°ɣʰþߡ
õģһӸȥߴҡ
ô˺⣬һҲףڹҲгϦ֮аɡ˵Ҫȥϵʹ߳ժ¥
ʱЩɵ߹ߣС˵ȥǻȥ𣿡
Žǵ΢΢ͷšϽҾ͸΢΢һۡ
ûǲӦ׶༪ˡ㻹ţҲû취ţû취
Ϊͽ䶼̫Сˣû취û취
ǡϽֻܺͨˣһˡ
ʵҲҪֻϣܺúõģֻҪûõѶԸţֻҪţΪܳʲô£ֻҪţټ档
ժ¥Ӷĳ˺ܶ๬˵ߡ
վڽºĻϣŵķ򣬡ǹ𣿡
ԱߵĻ϶ˣǻûȥժ¥ûûժ¥еĹ
㾪ȵķЩ˶˿Źĳӣ˻Сϧȥء
֪ȥãʱ
ЦԱһˣΪʲôŹڹ
һͲ˵ˡŹǸҳԣһΪСǹȱֺùûл
ӲͬЩΪʲô˽ӹû
˴ͷ˵ϲ֣ҵժ¥ˣ
üֻˣժ¥еʳѵǸǴѣ
ǿЦһ£ӻۡˣʹҴˣҲ㿪˹㡣
㲻ΪȻժ¥Ĺþ޶ˣ̲۹Կ빫ͬʳ
ǷuôɣҪˡɻǹҲһЦ֮гɵͰѼҲܾؤġ䣬֪主ĻҲĽ̵ʱã㲻ôҲôֻǲңֻë
ǸӣǾǸƳ֮ҿǸף˵һϧСҲܸǹȥ
¹˵Щ
ȻСӾ̨ȴʹƭСӡ˵СͳΪ˲ĶӣԺλǻ˹£֪ηŭ
ͣժ¥ǰʱ¹Ȼ̨£ಲ캮䣬ǹɪɪ
ɡڴһŮͯȻƿ¶һɣûǡ˵
ҧ˵֣ǹȣֻҵʵڹߡ
¹Ҳô˵
֪Ҫ֤ǣ˲ŸϷӣһ䣺͹Űɡ
ˡ
ͺ¹ûϵ³
¹СʣĲǣվˡ
˺¹һۣҧš¹Ҳˡ
Щ˾̲סǰݷãԶԶǰಲ󺺣Щʶˣ֪ժǹĻڲԶ۷׷ס
ζˣ
ǲ͵˹Ķ
ͺ¹⻰Щߣ㲻ܲˣܳСͯǹߵͯ
ָϽá
˿СͯһƤãǰƤϣЦ˵˾ͽȥ˲Ļˡ
ˣ㻹Ҫ򣬹ˡ
Цˣ߹Цˣ׳ʿ¼ڹ
ͣ㣬ɡ
ͺ¹ڨڨ˲ͣ׷ʲôǲǳù͵˹еĲ
ŭݰĳǵСˣϽĳĳΪһǮ֮ﱳѹ
Ǻ£˺ʡ
˵ڣֻʹ״ͣĳȴܿˡԼ֮ĳ˵Ťͷȥˡ
¹ҲһĻ˶ߺ˸ˡû͵ȴݺݵ˹ɹȴǡ
ɫ²С¡һ˵
ֻ¹̫Щˡһ˵ЩͶЧˣɲһζݡ
ˣ˵䣬ûȾЩϰŶҵֻҲͷǡһ˸̾
˲һ˵ٹ
ˣ
ȻЩҲͬ
ϯڳЩм䣬˲ϧ˿Ǹժǹ˺ģˣһװκ̣ȥһ̽
вϯʧǣһиСͯվ̨϶ԽԽһҾճƣĺܣվ޷λˣλذɣ
һ㶼׷׵Сӣܼ𣿡
СӣϲĶ𣿡
СӣĳͯūһҪ߹
ϯܶйعĴţղǳǸŮֱͯūȤˣԴ˵ѵժǹĻū𣿡
˳ڽ֪ĸ࣬ʱȻˡһͯùģȻֻԷ˲ϲʱϲˣԹвĸǽ󣬽ȴͷ˼γͻˡ
ָǸ̨ϵСͯʹףҲóǸüĿĿɾ
˵ϻǸʹһūͨڴǰԵġ˵
³ǰ˵Ͻϯм棬̽һ¹ĿⶢŴˣǲֻɫ
Ƕ󱳶ǲǻ
ǲϯ˵үү̺ϯֵ֮һűϯߡ
ϯЦеģڰϷŵһ͸յ󣬡澡
ʱʱС󣬾澣Ů󡣲֪ǲֵĹϵȻһŮ̬ݰףϸ̬ᡣ
ס䲻
ϯѹ״ߵ̫ˣڵ¿澶ҵġ
үү̲סˣͷҶʮˣôأ
ϯϽ澿ֻʮ꣡
ǲϣϯȰһ·صס󣬲ð˯˵һϵļʷʹöˣðɣ֪үүΪ˱ϯģڴʱģϯѹѹǶүү
ϯһ߿һ͵͵澣С˵澣㳤ú
ǲǲϯĹѾӽ㡣ǲܼҵһȤ¡ϯɷң˼Ӵˡȫһϯ֪ԼĴ˸ɵģֻ͵͵ţ˭˵ȽºԺ͵͵
ϯһʮ۰澣ԽԽͷ׷Ĺѽ̰ߣʡһ֪ʱ˸ɵˡ
ףҲ޷ܾӦȥժǹԼ
澺޺޵ȥڰһϷأ
ϯ֬氢ٻױЦʱ¶ˡ
һŮӣȴȫǺصĺëүүһģһ¶ڼߣŮ˵˳ӡӴ˰ֻڻݺſϻ·Ůˡ
澺ϯѽҪͿķۡ
ߣ澷޷޵ƿˡ


117 ֵ
¹ȴǰСͯˡϢأԱɡСͯһҾתȥˡ
¹صס븶˵Ƕҵȡ
ԥȽýɡ
᲻ߵġ
³ǣͶժǹѾһˡҪǹڴ˵أᣬպ󽨹ҵĻǡժǹߣ³ȥˣһժǹͶЧ
̾ͻȻȻվ»ˣ嵽ǰȻһߴ׳һƥŰ˾ʮ˻
ø׳ժǹ֮Ȼ˸Ȼͨգöʮͭʱֳһ޽Ⱥһٶ˶޿κΡ
ˣײ
Ϊһɳ̬ժǹ彪Ǵ˵ͷģһĸŽ䣬ˣȥӭҲȥ֪һҳġԿ»æӭȥ֣ˣ
һͷժǹȥ
ǰСͯȻҲҲŭȥԷֵǰš
ڶμ׳⹫ӣҹ£żҲһ
ͷԵ˵˹з
Ȼǽˣڣǡ
½һƨڵǰʯϡ
תȥ߽»ǰţҪ
ҡͷһ£һһȥҸ˵Ҫ͸̡
ӦתҲ֣Ϊν̲ڣ
̵ʧٵôýġһǽ̱ܱԼýȤҴ̼ɱè˾˵Ϊ˵õè̺һҲɱһµˡ
Щûмū˵Ѿˡ
緹ʱȥûҵ̡Ҳʱ´£õ³ԡ
²⿾ѾˣץסߣһǾơ
ǲǺϲʡ
²˵Լ꣬һĨ죬վˡ
Ӻ;ƺȥʣ˵ʲô𣿡
ЩĵҡͷĵȫˣԹǼҲԷֱ档ǰд֡Ͷʱ֣ڻȴøʶˡڹչŮ˵ֶΣȫʩչֻǳЩū߾Եøˡ
ŽŲ߹૵ھͺˡ
ȵϢˣ
ҡͷԼ棬Ҿͳˡ
һƴϣѽǴһ£嶼ˡ
硭ס㲻Ϊΰ
ѽ䣬£
ãȻ£ܿЩСͯ۹ˣһæȥ鹫ŰūˣʣµĽ¡¡ЩŵĿŹŵĽǺͽ
ѹԽ˵ҵǹӵǣʳ˯ůĵطǵǹӦһһⰮǹǽ
ǳҭſҴޡ
㣬һʧģһڵѡȥ鹫
ŵòᣬ¼״Ȱ̫Сˣ˵δػᶮ
һԲԲкӣͷ߲ͣһ˫۾СƽʱСͯм˵ҲٳͷԽû뵽ȿڡ
ʣĸкһԺͻǸӣֽŶܴ󣬳Եöȴ⣬ǵµĸ첲֮˵ԺһܳñȽ̸׳ƽʱܶදԶٶҪ͡
ΪΪԼ̫ܳԲŻᱻԵ˷Ͳҳ̫࣬ɫ԰ףҲԵСЩŻᱻ˷ӸдժǹԺȻһ˵ǳԺȣҲ±ϳȥҶԡһٱʮűһŽԵöˡ
еŮ̬ϸСҶü̱ӣһͲ̫ϲӾЩСֲϲ͸ߴա֪һֱŽԷʱҲһǽ´ֻ½Էӡ
󳤵ʵÿͷϸӣһۿȥ˵Ĳӻ᲻ϡ֪òãӲǰȥܻ飬ղž˸йġ
˺һԽ˵ʱҪʲôʱˣʲôȥ̺
ŵֱס͵磬ҪӳȥҲˣҲˣֻǺ¹һʼͺ¡˵С൱ãҲ¡ֲˣøˣ͸ҿˡ
ǰסǵ죬֣ý뿪
ͣסԽ˵Ȼߡ
ԽֹѵҰѰǸɱˣ
Ц㲻ɱƳȥ˾Ͳˡ
Ǳ⼸ŵûȽһſŷһܵߣһɪɪ
֪ôˣûùסٱסôˣʲô¼˴Ǳ߹æʣǲʲôܽˣʲôǱŻˡ
⼸ˡ
˽һѣų˵ûûС
Ҳ֪ô£ЩӾ֮ĸǿģò۸ǣֻþôŹȥˡ
һֱ˯ѴϵĴߣҲ֪˵ʲôǰǶǲŽҺСͯһֻճ
Ҳôģ˽ȥʽ£ô˵ģôͻȻôˣ̫֪ŹõģֻҪϲﻹҪıģͿ죬ΪһֱŹԷʱҲ˯ʱҲŲȥõԲ졣
Цһ£Ǹ˵ЩԼˡ
񣺡ΪҴ
ǿ׽Ǻ£¹ֻΪ֮ǰǱ˷Ӵȥʱۿһūͣ˸Խѡ¹ǸӣڽĿҲһġ
ܸһ˶ֻ·һҲֻйԹ䵭ЩҲں
һֱΪһ۾ͿˣԲŻѽǸ
۽£Ϊβýȥǰ
³Ĭһ˵᲻֪¹ϲϰȻ峤ҲܺÿһѪͳϲҲϲˡھͳպ󳤴϶ҲƯճڹǰȹδزϲ
ڿĵһ𣬾Ͳ̺
Ǳ͵ߣ˷ӵġǵü縸ĸ˵֣Ҳû취ٻȥǵ˷ӣһֱ˷ӵҡһα˷Ӵһǽ͵͵ȥն˵ʱһֱֳԵĸӹһ١
µͷǺãһЧҹģҲᡣֵֻĵĶԣϲϰǲܷġҺͰ̺¡Ž񣬡İɡ
һŵͷ
ߺ󣬽ҵֶڽޣ˵Ҳ˵Ҳġˡ
µǲˣ
粻ᡣԥһ£ͷ˵Ϊ֮ǰһѣҵġ
ʵЩĽǣȻڹߡ
Ļϲ𣿡ڴʡ
¶˵㲻֡
ǰžɥĴͷ
ְοȹԺİˣ̺ûˡ
ϣǰͿˡ


118 
Ժ󣬽ߵƺɳˡ
ǵı仯γߵ¶Ǽ˰ŵģ񻹸ʴţ˲֪ｻ鱨˵ڳл߽񣬽ƺ¡
η
ǸүĽﺦ½Ԫ
һοʱͷӳʱүʱŰ֥۾Сѩ־¡˵û罯ǸռĽǺεò
ڽﲻԽԪ谮ӵº⣬еҡֻ֪
Уڸ·ÿ춼͵͵裬ֻ㣬Ůܿ
лŮǷˣ󲻷ġ˽֮󣬾ýڽǰѵزһ飬ٰ֮ѵزһ顣ýʷˡ
˵ڴĿŹȻ֪ʲôóлϢ϶á
̲סԴáΪ˰ʺã㲻ҪռЩϢˣֻСܺͰˣǺΣյġ
ͷ̲ס˵ֻǸ˵˵˵Щ£ͷˡ
һ磬;ۼ˺ܶˡ
澸ڲϯһӰԲͷһ࣬ͺ˷ˣߵ˷׷׿
ﰵͷ͵͵ģﱧǴĻ
ժǹĹŴˣ߳ǲ̨ףѯʣ֪ڿϾĳ䱦Ը
Ҳܸ˹ժǹΪһժǹͳ˱ȱиֵĵطǾرԺ
ͷһҡͷĳ֪λԵȣҵȥ湫
ǰȴ£ֵôڴˣ
¿һۣ˵
Ÿͺ¹ҲҲϰˣСͯùˮæǰСӣ汻˼ˣ𣿡
̶㵽󣬽·е̣ͭԻһҾԵһ£ȥҸ硣
æС̺ҪЩ˷ǲߵġ
ܻȥҵ˵£˶Ŵأ鲻ãҪҪǽأǸ½ˣҿ¡
ͷȥ湫
½
½ǰ뵽ʲôأǶ֮ժǹѾûжٸˣҪ˵ҲûȤ
䣬ıͲ£Ƚ߽ˡ
ˣһҪô죿һȲأ
ʱһ¶ûʱ䡣
߽ԶĵطͶشڽǰеſڰϵĽˣڻذҲ˳ⶼ˭ģ󺺿ɿ
¼
ضʲô¾˵ɡ
»˵һҪ¡
Ҫˡֱ㶵˵
µĲƲǺܶ࣬ҲʳȤժǹߺ߶һŵĹȲ֣һ߰˸װĸʳڶӿժǹ̫ˣ֮ǰ˰˰ٶˣװ˴ʳʳͲˡ
ֱˣʣ٣
ˡ˵
Ƕ٣˳ԣԼ죿
ˣ±˰죬ͨ죬һ䣺ܳԵ졣ּһ䣬ˡ
ˣˡҲǶģ֪ǸʲôԷţȾÿٳһ١
¿Ͳ˵ˣ˵һΪĹ۵ĻûгԵģ˻ܡ
һ׳
ܿժǹǿʲôôˣܷΣǸ˲š
Ǿ򡣡΢Ц˵
ºǷˣͶشȻҪߡ
һ䣺Ҳô죿
ժǹĲʵͷסҲûرڣžģľͷŶѣ׾ҿ󺺻᲻ᵽʱֱȡȥ
ԥһ£óǲ֪òö˵˵ˣĳ˳ȥ
ɴۣǮȴȥ
¿ˣһ䣺ĳǰزپҵ
ߺ󣬽ŷӦǰǸǿġ
˲ϵժǹĿǰְԱĸԴĿǰҪ¾
ղԱĽ˵򲻵ʳġ
Ҷû˴Żһ㡣
Щ˰ɡ˵
ȥ˽¿ɫԣôˡĵ˵ʳˣһЩֻǿ²̫ʳ
¼Ҫߣæ˵磬ȥɡ
ûдǽ˽
Ҫ𣿡ӦҪѻȥ𣿡ҹˡ
µͷЩ·õģԵֵģһǮĴ˵ġǮĴ˾Լû·ܸ࣬ҵˡ
ĬĬ˵⣬һһߣֱЩ˽̸ܿѡ˴ȥ
ӣӲźһСӣĳͯһ߾澵֡
ڽ¿ʱЦһ¡
˭ֻ֪һɨȥûٹ
æŰ澼ȥӻͳӵݸ£Сӣԡ
ע⵽ϵ·һۿκӣЦӵ׾λˣ
ӵĳκأкñԸ
澱źǰȴϰѺӴ򿪸¿ûϵ¶ԺҲûȤ԰ҲûȤӵȴκ³ģƽʱЩʲô
Ӻʲôָϵ·Сӿ֪κ
µƽʱҲκ֯ء
ӵʲô˿֬ʯҶ¶Ȥӣֻü³齰
£ûȤ
Ů
£ûȤ
ϡ
ѾתͷԱߵˣһЦҪһѽסΡǡȡڡ
ɨһۣ˦˵Ȼһ˾ҽȥɡ
˿԰˵ܽȥˡ
ȴе֡
ʱ˽ȥˣҪôǶԽȥҪôһűӣڴǰǾͱҪĶذҪߡ
澺Ӷ
˵Ұôⶼ᣿
ȼֻ񣬽ʱ澶ԽĴͷϵŮ
ɣض񡣡࣬³һ˿Ұ
ֱСͯжһֻһֻֻ롣ŵǰ澵һ룬ɫ΢иź͹ԲһЩһڣһɾ㡣
⹫ݳޣ
ȻЩһһ
ҲϽһ룬̲ס죬úȣúȣϵĹȻ¶һ˿֮⡣
еҲࡣ
ĳ䱦
䣡

Ӻ棬һֱ۲칫ֹһ۶û￴˵
ҲǰǸū彡ȻͷЩ̣߱Ŀȷʵڲͬ
ղųСͯҲôݰסһӾɫģ쵹ǲڹߡ
С˵ҿ񲢲ϲЩ
澵ͷҲˣղиóһϻ飬ſŶ۴󣬹ҲֻһƿۡڼװĲȤκǸŮôԴ󣬿һʱⲻʧ̬һ黹ǰһϻ
ӷˣһֱû澣ֲϲ䱦һ˵ʲô
ʱǡָǱߵκˣǰ
ֻôŰ澹ȥڹǰҲڽǰ˶ÿɱ˵Ŀǡ
ָЦʲλ˵ţǹڡŮء
ӻǲǸղŸ̫Сˡ
ԱһЦκˣҼκУȴû㡣һҵˣ
һϸҿǸƭӣ
Ӷð亹ʲôһյĻҲҪͷˡҹˣ඼Żͷһ˼Ϊߴֻܡ
ΪԾȣӲͷƤ˵ĳʵġ
澴ӱݺݴһ£ʱϯҲȲǣ
ӵĳ֪ϲʲôֻҪ˵ĳܰ쵽
̫ˣܵ˵һǴӳûŰ澴ӵ˳ȥڴſڵĽûüá
˺ʣµҲ˶ݵĺڣ๥
ȴܴĶԽʹ˸ɫ߹ȥߣ˵ĳߡ
µһ£ֵ֪һ¡
˵ѹøˣĳ߱ĹΪ󡣡
һҲߣܵ
»ȥ˽ǿַ߹ֻһЦͻȻ֮ǰиҡ
Ƿ׷̧ͷ
Ҳ֪˺ܶʳüܶܶడҾ֣ʳܼ𣿡
һæؿຮϲݳޣǵūֵأԴ붼Ǵӹ
֣³ǡһ˵
˵Ц֪ʳйҲмġǹģ۱ȽǼģһǮһ
Цʳ漴̧ƽ𣬴򿪺ҫ۵ĽЩ˶ɫ
ýָ˵һ飬ʳһ˵ġ򵽺ңҪЩʳԺεأʲô
ŷֹԭϷȻ㹫֣ҲûʲôɱԹġ׷뿪ˡ
ߺ󣬽˵˲úͻʳʱ˵ĵص㣬ȥɡ
µΪʲô򣿡
˵ģȥģڳ⡣
»Ȼ򣬡ˣ̫Ҫ˰ġ


119 ҵ
߳ժǹͱΧסˡ
˺
һֵ̯δҵ
˵ѣ
ƭˣ
⼸˱˵˵ôãôû
ҪŭǸ˹һ⡣
׷ʣ˺⣿
⡭ԥ˵ֻʳҲ̫ͨˣ˿϶šҵʱһ˴ӻͳλƵĽҫ۶ĿҲ׷ͳһģһ
ժǹ˶֪ϲʹýȫƵĽӵĹâһ
Ǹ˵ҪҵͼȣֲȵĶ
ȣֲȣ
Ǻ
һȺ˼˳û뿪ˡ
·ǳǸԽΧʩʩȻԶȥԽ˵ǸյˣС˵Ļѧһ顣
ͷȷʵСӦٸ߹
ˣ
ɫµˡǰֻȴûĶǴδζδζ˵˾㲻ܽãҲܵβˡ˴粻ۣЩȡ
һֱڽ̵ǡ
½СССĺȴŬһء
񱻹Щ죬ڽ˯ʱĸʱԱ߿ͺĽˡ
֣ᣬů
ȷʵǺܴˡ˵ξͿôӦҳɡ
澻صϯϯڿ̼򣬿ȵϰ𣿰֪ʹˡǰ澵Ķӡ
澹˲ϸϯǰϯ״ͷƵΣ˵ɣҶȥ𣿡ۿ澵üëҪˣϯģŭŭ¾˵ɡ
εĴҲսʱôżˣʱҲĽˣһƨڵϣˣЩˣ
ϯüŭˣ
ҡͷδҵ˵һ֣˾Ҫˡʱǵ״ɫѧһ飬ҡͷ˼黬ϲˣһһ䣬ֱҪҵȵ
ϯЦ
º󣬰Ҳϴȥ֬Բϯ˵ƴˡ
еĹǸǳˣҰһΪ³谮̹޼ɵ׾ͺɫΣɼպǸʲôˡ
ϯ澵һˮ
澾ʹǸСͯ˵
ͯǡɭ򡭡ϯȿϧźȴֱ
߱ôıһҰĹ۷ӴŵڣÿһġĶĥ־ǲľ
ǰеͯһչʾһȸ߹̰滹ܴ󷽵Ĺðܵͷֺȴֺܼ򵥡
ʱ˴ԹҪȥҼȣֲ֮˵˶õ˵ûп˽˵
ġϯҡͷЩôֵջأ
澵ˣȢժǹأ
ϯ̾Ŀǰ³ڱָ㹫ǾǹȷʵǷһȶĽҪõöࡣҲνҲ˽´̽Ϊĸԭ򣬽̵ЩСнˡ
澲⣺Ϊ̾Ϊҵһõӣѵһ£ϯγýܵ³һְ𣿱Ĳ˵ժǹǶκ󣬿δػ䣻ȢպӵĺֻҪ䵽κˡ
澾ͺܲϲκΪκڼһκ󣬾ȻҪϯɱŮˣɱбƯˡǰֻǼκߵˣߵŮҲҪʡ
ϯҡͷ澲ժǹٺãκҲѡΪѾʮˣժǹʮ꣬κѾûʱˡ
Ǹûعˡϯ档Ѿ³Χˣ³պʲôҲܿ˾ŷ֡ժǹȻע޵κֺαٷأ
澻Щź类ϳ֪澹ȻôȤ£֪Щ˻ʲôء
ϯûоκ˵´Ҵ뿪ˡպ󣬹֪
ˣ
˵ȥѾһ˾ס˵Ǹժǹͱġ
ڰ֣ȥڹУ̫˶ţֻĹĴԲùȥǮȥйԺͲٶŹˣһһڴǮȫڽϡ֧ڹɾūɵľӡ
ֹ͵͵ȻһϲñԵв֮һҲֻа˰ٽѡôвһһ䣬ôܰϣȻֻа˰ٽūǹˡ
ֻÿܰ˯̨С
ԭˡ˵ͷ
ΪЩ˻Ǹ˻һ´ˡڶţΪ˲Χǰ˷ִʲôչ
û䣬ţƺƵĽժǹ
·˽̾Ǻ
þ޴󣡡
Ҳ˾ͬĴˡ
⳵ޣذ
һ̫ô͸ժǹ벻ͨ
ԱһҲ̫ˣֻһѵǻֻһȥ𣿡
Ŷ԰Ҳþȫֺùġ
ʳŷΪࡣ۵Ǹֹ࣬ססӣ۵Ǹֶࡣ
ǳԵľ󶹷ˮһŵξͳԡԶи׷ƨԸķ;öǽҲʳоҲԡ
ֻöӷѿ˳ԡ
Ի˵ѿĶӾͲǷǲˣɷƨҲֻ󶹣һҲ÷ƨšˮòųԣܷΣβ˶ͣʲôģ
Խûйֻܹ࣬࣬ҲϾԵĶ١
߽ӣһҲաǶһִֽţݺݵġȴûô࣬˫ֺܸɾͷһģҲԺúܽüëˡ
֮ǰͷ
ӰĴСڶ̶춹һЩһųˣ϶˵κĶӡ
ҲЩӳöǵǰϿͬطС׶һɫǳأЩͬһĴС࣬ڵֲ˵һϵеĶƷֲĿ㡣
Ǿֻгһˡ
£κڴʳǶ̴࣬Ǯȥж١
£ʲôǴ
˰Ѽҵ׵˵
۾һ
ǰ·£ָͷ˵ǰͷ𣿡
ҡͷĳǰ趼ûϴܽžе㲻˵˵ϴ費ýϴͷŽժǹ
ģ
˭˵Ĳϴ費ý䣿ԣҲϴ裡
һ˿ΣǹˡжҲ˵ģص˾͵ۣն
̲סʣأ

ٲһ˿ڣͻȻ


120 
ҽǸҽҲǸ˺ˡҩԼɵģβһ㲻ҪǮϲ˶ꡣū˵ǰʱβ˼ҶϡΣôţ
ūôţ
СͯŰĸɱβ˻Ͳ˺ӣͷһ룬ȫȾɰ׵ģðɣ˸˵ԼǺ׷ͯգһǧ˰꣬ˮѨֻżΪ֮˾Ϳźβˣôˣ⻵ˣڶǵá
ҽˣòҵһµˣȥߣȥ
СͯҡͷԵĳ̾˿ȥڿʯͷˡһʯͷϺˣβ˳Թ⣬СͯóͲ˵ȥȡˮ
ҽһȥūȥ
Һûһ
ҽĵȻı·ϻ
ūڳϣӳ͵ѾͨݣȴûнǣһֱͨݸĴū˵·Ь඼ѾȥǮˣͷҲҽˣһֲ֭ϴͷϴ궼һͷݣɿݷơһϴģϴûƻƵŶҽ˵ûԶеӣȾɫɲʣԣҪԺ󲻳ҾͶЩȥˣ
ūŵö㵽󣬶ֻСȡ
ҡͷЦǿˣֻǶ˵ܾȴһȡ
ҽҡͷ̾⺢ӡ尡̫˰ʱضܰԼ˰뱲ҲûľǴǴɵ
Զϴµĸˣеĸϴ»մʪ·ѵóಲȣҽ㵽·ߣСͯͲܹȥˮһⱧͲ˵˵ǵĽ̫ػֳˣҪҪȥ
ҽΪǽˡ
ԼҲЩҡҡͷء
ͯ־׵ū̾˿
ʧЦ˰ͷеǼСͯЩӣŬ
ͯܳ˵ҶȥŶءҪ˵һ˼˵ĻҪҪɱĶɵӡԼԼã
Ƭ̣Ϊ˰
ͯˣȥһҽ˵ˣʲôë
ҽţҰͱҰɣ㲻ңҲ㣬塣
ͯޣңǸһ𣿡
ҽЦ˲ˣȴһǣˡһ뿪ˣ˼ˣᵣûôԷô˯ô·
ͯ꣬˵Ҳ̫Լ˰ɣֲֻһˣ
ҽ΢Ц룬ô
ڳҽĻЦ
ҽһȰ
Լ
һȨƣͻΪ⡣СͶõĵ湫ȴΪɴû¡ܹٻأûӹ۾￴ѡ
뿪֮ǰû뷨뿪֮󣬵ʼԼòʱŷѾܾûеĹˡ
һҪصߡ
Ϊڹһˣڱֻһ
ڳūҲ
ֳǡС˵
Ϊӭϡ˽⽯룬϶˵Լ޼һͥ仨ʱڵϣԤƵҪö࣬Ȼǳǳˡ
ΪϵģֻΪ˸Һ϶ŭǶð
ūڴʣ𣿡
ҡͷġ벻ɵӣαسؽһ
ŴˣŸġױҡУֳǺֱȥ̨
˵Ķ󣬴ϷĻԽԪ˵̫ˡ
û˳ӵ˵˺˾ǸȵģڴǰȲϿֱԵĹͷu
ѾһٵˡվֶףǿĶ΢еڵҲҪԴǹٲŶԡ⣬֪ǴļƲߣǹ٣ǽͿλˣ˵˾ýٳһͯ
Դ˵һССͯ˾ûлԹ˵һʮ˾Ǻ£Խ˵ôС͵˾ֻҪزڴɱʮ꣡
uľ֧ܿͱȥҽһ겻
ѿֻΪ˷ңֻ᲻ðӡ
дһձһոˡ
Ԫһֱ̫Ȼؼȥ𣿡
̫ؽˣӦݼġ
˽ϵϢˣ˺ܶױ͸³лҲһͷˡ
źãȻǼŧҪʱأ֣ⲻ˱˲һ졣
պභܰȶա
Ϣ˲༦Ѽţ򣬻ҪҲҪѬ磬ܳԵĶҪʱЩͽΣһ˵Ҫ˵Ͼе̹ţֱӰĻ͵ժǹ
Сͯأ˵ԼѼ⣬пտգǶտաѧ
Цˣû취֮ǰóԵİժǹʱȫ䡣ЩõϡͭʲôأĽѾˡȻЩֵǮĶֵǮ˴˿⣬ͨСԸǮ
߽ˡ
ֻ֣˵ˡ³ˡʱƶһС̷ӴйߣС̷˻Ǯ;չһ·С̷Ĳ֮󣬾ͽΪӡС̷ʱҲûӣͼ̳еĲƲҲ̡
ʲôʲô޲֮
һֱһ˽֪ĴǰͰ⣬ŵһпһ־ͱ֪Ĵˡôá
ָۡһ͸ġשΡлռǵĶ˵Щֵһ
˶һ飬ûŵǵζýһǣȻǱǡ
˵ʵЩԾΪûּĿǰǶǻǻǡ
Ժεأʡ
ûϲ棬ֻǾһ£ȻϰΪˡ
ʵܺʲôŻùԾĪֻ֮ŻùԾ𣿲ȻԾҲӣʹ֣ʦ֮
νʦͻȻһܵ˵Ҫ֣ɵˡ֣᲻֣ʮ᲻뺢ӣ˾ʹӦ֣һߣԼʮ֣ٲ˼主󣬱ȥˡ
֣ˣʡ
ʮꡣ
ܺãһٶͲصȥˡ
Ҫල֣˴ȥɣ֣Ȧ˼ӣ˸ݾ֮Ȼͳ˵ūˡ
ƽʱɱģȷ¶ͨءһվͳһһˮ
һ˻᲻Բء
Ц⵹˵
żҲ¶һɼֶΣʲôϽ̸֣֣Ųɡ
֮⣬𡣶֮
֣żȻ֮Ϊɽ֮ƽʱԺȵĿ϶ֶ˾ͷָһЩ
࿴֣֮ȴõôһ䣿
ƽȴɾû
佱ˡ
Щֵһءһ˺
̫࣬޷ֻڳˡ
һЦʲô˵͵ںңɱŶ
亹ı͵ۿ໤Ļ󣬶ǰľ޽׷׿
æͷūū򲻸ţ빫ūūȥһۣ
ѾȥκˣеūԸȥ
ͷѹȥˡԼʱ󣬸û˵ѡкüأ
ԭ˵ļʳǾ㣬ȷʵԳԡ
ôܳأһҡͷˣЩʳԵģǳǱȴûӪĶɢֳ˰ɣȥȡ
أƽʱоƺȣ㻹һЩζҲѳ԰˻ҲΥֻȥϺϣû
˻ܿ촫ˡӿ⣬Ȼȡߵľ㣡ʱֳǶˡպ⻰ˮȥˣȻձһɨˡ
һ£ժǹ֮Ǵ￪ȥ
֪δ򶯹ֲٵˣֻһҧһᣬٴǰժǹʹıˡ
˵ң£
ص
£
ҧҴӦˣ
һжȻӿϲ
֣˻ٶһȥ
ã


121 
߳ժǹʱסĻͷѾˣѵٳȥ͸ĽҪ
ڹǰǻãڻɷĿ²Ըˡ
صסڣȻ벻ͨô
һ˳ӦͳΪժǹϿˡ
Ϊۣ˵˺󣬹׷˵£˵һЩ˵Ĵ˵¡˵ϲ
Ǻ棬һСӣֻҪͻһ˵ͷʱѣͻȥҴˣͿ˳
ɱˣ֣Ȥʱ;ҪˡȻҲ˵֣֣Ĺº󣬹ˣûᵽȥˡ
û̫ʱ˷ѣټ³ͱ뿪ȥԣ˿ɲֹһˣ
ֻ뿪֮ǰһԡ
Ϊ²ѡеУӦκ³ԶУ³ˣ˲Ż³˵³ǵĵطȥҪһʱ˻пܻỵ˵Ĵ¡
˵ֶΣǲƷ˴֣ĻƽҲ᲻÷֡
ΪһʼһУʲôʱ򶼻óȥΣͽ˽Ļƽȫ͸˹ⶼݣҲ޼ƿʩˡ
պȻûбټҪѻƽûһȺ˵ժǹʳ̿𣬹СЩơ
˵öˣһЩġ
֪ǲҾô嵽ժǹȥֻҪժǹ£Ǿͻһȥӣ
ͩͣȴʱ
콥ˣҲûѩֻżη磬Х˴ɫҲ˹ˡ
صҾͿԶӵĴˣ򣡡·˲ѣЬ齣ʱģôŸң£Ĳ𣿡
ȥˡ˵ǹ֮ҵĴˣĲӡֶǹڲȡģʱĲż˹ҵĴϣͳڹϣĲŭһ۲һ߸Ͻһ·Ѭ㣬ҾЦ˵жӴۡʱ˹Ĵˡ
˵ţĲһһˣû̧ͷЦԣҰѳӸˣûóԣɳȥ궼ûڼ
ͷЦίĺĲˣҵ˵ȥ˵վҪȥҵλǰ˵Ĳ˲Ϸ£ǰקС¶ҪȥТӣԣõö࣬ԣ
빨һĲһͬϣĲΪֻаһҾû룬ٻȥҲ̫鷳ˣų԰ɡ
ڽºҲûԶˡͰűͳһһ˸ɾԲ֮ʱˣһͱͿⶼûˣҾͳȥ֣ûˣҽҲûзţҲûзţǳƨ죡һһ̧ͷңأ
Ĳڳܽʱˡ
ЮſɱڵܳȥĲˡ
ϧ˵ôһζҪǷһóԡ
Цã㱳ҳԶʳ
һ˳㿿ϴ˸Ƿʡ
Ѱ£湨Ь࣬ϣȥˮ̽ţһ˳ˣÿһǲҲûʲô
΢΢˵ͷʹ˯⣬۾ȻѣڵȰ˵ġ
ӵмҴĴסƽûеʪˣҲû˷֣еһ봬ˮ̫ű˿ֻʪ͸õĸɲ˻ȥҲܸˣ˵˵ĴеʱͰѴϵȫжҰ⡣
ڱһЦˣָŰӵбǼĶģϵģ
һۣһʯѩˮ캮ɱٳӵסҲǱӵײ鿴ȷʵǱʯͷĺܲ
˿ˡ
ʳû£ʧֻݣ˾ﰢҲûɣֻҪͳӾ㹻ˡ
ûݣҲֻڹ֣ɱɱԼˣܵ³Ͳˡ
ڰðȥϢ˸סͷ׼˯
ǰһ£Ͻ£㲻֪
૵ʮʱҡű㳶˺һͼٵúܡ
ΣֻǺñӳȥˡ


122 ˻أ
ǰ͵ˣڶش󣬶е˲٣˲١Ƕŵ£ôĶ죬ܴһһµ˶̫ࡣǻŽ䣬Ϊе˵гԵġ
Ż˵ĺãµߵʱƥԪµһƥõСƥڲԶһֻĸ׷
һνϢʱſԼȥҳԵġʧˡʱΧȫǻҰ̣Ҳ֪ȥǲǡûȥ׷˼ߡȴˣ󻹴һһС
ĸʹһ㣬ݵЩ˵ĸں棬ƺˡСҲݹᾣ߹Ƕܿͷȴܴ
ȥ䣬ԵĽУΧתιĸСҲˣȻҹ
֮ƥˡ
ǵ˱ӣʱҪټһ飬ǾռˡʳˣĸСʳ֮󣬶ƯˣرСȻԳ˼֮ɫ
СĲ˵ȥˣͻһˣʱͿȥ׷ˡ
𽪼ƣңͷָǰ¶ǽֳǺ𣺡ǰ͵ˣ
е˷׷׺Žӿ˽Ųֳǡ
ǽϵԶԶһˣŵæѶժǹڴûл֮ǰǶǰ͵ڴˣҶǡҺûժǹ
ӵϢ׼ȥŰߡԺʱб𴦵ֳܵŴǽǽˣҲ֪ôġ
ȥΪһȻ̨ɡ
ҡͷûοѾ̨ˣһˣҲᱻҽɱ
мº˼³ûбȴ֪ǲҲƺϲûȥ΢¶һ˼ǾͻȰֹҲŵɢӣʷдһҹճǵĹ¡
ֻҪɱĶû¡ǴλҲãҲã䳯ϵķûô
ֳǵ̨̳Ĵ̨°ա
Ȱֻþôˡǰʳ
ҪǴ򡣵ʱ˸ǷɢٸԶˡ
ܲóȻáſȥҺ¹ҳȥغһֻ󶼲ҪŽ
¹˵߾УЩ˻ģǶ°ɱһأסǣҲҡͷҲ̫
һ£¹æʣµĻʻȥסһ¡
ôʲôôԸľôʡ»ãɱ˭ȥǣ
Ӻ˴ӱų˳ȥԶȻһȺܣȴûг˵ôࡣ
кüҿһǧˡϿһӣǣ壡
俴һȺ˽ųд˶ûоȶһ·Ķ۷ĻʱǳЩµĶܡ
壡䲻ܣһȳ˳ȥ
ժǹ˿ʼЩǰܣϡͿľ
䵥˵ܵÿ죬ܿͺ͸ײˣһǽ䣬Ȼ˺ӣҲˣҲԣǾǽ
𣡡ͣһߺһ߾еĳì
Ǹģ˵ʵǳ֣һܴʮìɱһе¡
һųìɱˣһµڳжԽ˼ͷ󺰵ˣˣ
ŵ˲ûϳ䣬ʱŽ׷׹¡
ӽ֧飬һȫˣһ߿ϵӣҲ
ȽԼߵȫȻָЩʣʲô׼ʲôȥ
𲻸˵ģȻǸᡣæָǹҪǴϵģȫʳ
ʳ
гԵ𣿡
ǲ˵ʳ
˹˾͵жڴ̫࣬ȥĸͲָˣ˶ǶŶоġ
ڼȻгԵģٴժǹҲ̫鷳ˣοЩ˶ûϴͷ˵Щ˾ҪĻҪūҲܰʭӳȥһùҲȾô죿
ڳĺӶǺԵģĶȥҵطЩϴ裿
ûûûˮνĳԷҲǰ򿪣һץһѶӳԡеĶӶǻ쵽һģлɰСʯͷȣҲû˶ڵϳԡһСڸ˵Ľ䡣
ղŽȥЩ˶ˡ
񽫾
Ž϶ܻȥ˵ǵ۷򣬲޳ǽ·Ҳñʯͷ
㱳ʯͷҲԸ⣡
̨ժǹ伸ʮûһ˿˵ηУһ뵽ϾҪ;Լﶼԡ
ӸøˡҪϴͺˡûкӰô̫ˣ˸ô졭
Щԥһɣì־ͽˣʣ𣿹ʲô۸ˣָ״ˣǽʲôˣ
һϵìͷֻðѽĲҹԼ͵͵ժǹ̨ܻ
һͲšôСź򶼷ֲ壬ôԼ̨ܻ
˵СӣҲ˵û¡˵Ŀ˽һۣɫãˣҪɱһ㣬Ҫɱһìˣڳ⡭
ͻȻ뵽Ϣæ֪Ͷ㶼˺ףͶ㶼أ
ʲôȺͽڼˣ
Ȼһժǹ
ԷһҪߣ׷ܹȥҪ𣿡
ȥĶ

Ҫߣ
ȵྲ
Ϳһǧһ𱻼ͷˡ
ȫŽ䡣
ͬȥˣ£һ
һ仹ҪЩ˾Ͳˣ׷׻صԭ£һѣֱֵů
ϸһȥŸȴȫˡ
ڽسʱյģЩ
ֻƥ
Ǹˣվߵǰº¹ڴ󺰣ǽˣ
˺󣬱ܿԨᵽ˺ͷ
ʱһ󼱴ٳصĽŲԽԽġ
һͷؤվǰȫ߰Ťţ˰ֻһ˫۾ڰ׷ˡ
׶
һϤֲϤǰһͱһࡢֳĻסˡ
׶׶һˣôңһֻ˳ɾĳƯµѡ
ȴȫӦ
ЩãȻŽСʣ˵ʲôô
Ҳûóʱ͹Ҫԡ˶¥ȥˡ
¥ֻʣˡ
յӴս΢ĹâƺյϵûУֻڴǰͶһƬĹš
ƮŻҳǵ㣬΢΢ңһС飬ڡ
ñӺȫǻңԣȴ᲻óһ̡
ǽ䱧ȴϡմһӡæԼ֣ٺЦŰֱ棬Ӹѩ׵ҲŪˡ
ǵ˵·ϴ˾ʧɫ
ڶӿΪС޴룬;ÿġҺֻҪһ¡
ҲԸ˵Ļ
ʱ˿̵ů־塣
Ҫعˡ΢Ц˵
̧ͷʣô𣿡
Ȼʲôû˵ľʵʲô֪ˣͨһ
ֻڵƿߣָŵе˵ﶼǻƽ𣬵ԺǮ֮ĶתҪ˾͵͵ģҲ֪Ǳ͵ġ
֪Ժô룬᲻ݺ᲻Ǹޣͳͳֻ֪֪·Ļҳһ˵ͷ
Ժ󣬿ܾͲ᳣ˡʵǲٻˣǽԪְʾ
š
һ˺ܶƽǣ³ˡûдӦؿԴɱ
á
Ժ˵˴ң㣬סֻҪ˽֮ҪڳڣȦһأ˵Ҫҽׯѽʳ⹬еľūȥԺľūֻ˼ɡȻ㣬̨Ҳ仹̫Сˣﱻ˶ſڳ⽨Ľ
á
ľūԽԽˣҪšìܡߺһ⣬ԽԽãԴȥ١
ѹ˭
ΪʲôҪȥ٣֪Ҳ֪
˵ˣκˣ֣ˣֻҪ³ˣԴ١ԺǸṳ϶ģѾ֪·ˣŰɣṳ֮⣬һи֣Ҳ̡֣κ̴ȥء
³ǿóһ̲ࡣֻ񣬾֪ڰǹʲôӡһֻ˲Ǻ
ԭҪ
ƱҲȡ˷ӣҲЩˡΪūŮӺСͯ͵ժǹɡ
һһͷӦ¡
վҲæվ¥ݿڣȴ¶밧
ҿ촽΢Ŭƽ䣬ˡ
˵գ¥ȥ
ֻҸں档
˾ͿҴҴ¥д󲽳ҲţߵǰͻȻĳһ䣺ôˣôˣʲô£׶˵ң
͵Ļ˻𣺡ˣҲˣڷңҡҡҡ
ɫҰף²ȵˤȥס׶׶ڡҲڡ
ҵĴϢţΪˣǸɵġ
Žļ磬ɳƸɬڷңҲ취ֻҪڹеŮеһұض
úõģڹҲúõġ˵꣬תˡ
ֱô֣ȴס
⣬ȵع
˴ҴҴӽܹȥȥ׷ѾԶĹ


123 ع
ӽºվͻȻϤ
ƣŽºĻȱܣΧȫӶԼͬĴͷܿ
ƵߣȻԶĹڷɱһŮڵĳӨ׵סϸü촽һϮ׻ãϸë⡣
ԶĶȻ͸ʱɽҰ̵ܡ
ܿͷǲϡŮСòҲ
ʱһŮͻȻӵԳơ
ü˿¹һúˣЦѱģҪϣȻƢҪãܱϵǷǷֱ˦±ϵʿҪֿܵƽȡͻȻ·ȻҪ
ϵŮ֣ƾ߿ˣ֪˵˼
΢΢üơ
Ѿ뵽ˣƣڹɳ۳ҵĵŮֻйǸв񰡡һĹԼǲ𣿸ǸֻǸͨĹŮˡ
ˣǰˣܿϳ͵ºĹŮˡ
ˣУң
㣿
ʱԶмŴȫͬŮۼȻܹ
һ֮£æ㵽
Խţ˶ӣӵĳ嶯
ŮǳˣҲһƥԵŮ޴ˣ׻ãĿ䣬ɫ졣
ŮȻûܿ³ǰŮ˭ҡ֮һŮǰһʩ֮˼
β˵
Ůָˣҵȴ˻ȥ˵գǺ¹˵ʲôҲҿͷֱȥˡ
ϣͻȻǰ
ȻмԶŮҲŵܻȥ
ͬеŮҲսսģ˼һ𣬿Ž˵ʲô
ȴˣվֱŮĺһ
ЩŮҾ֪˿⴦ýºˡȻô硣
Ů˻ɫʱˡҪ˵ǰӣǷǡʱ⣬ǸԵðӱȷ
ԥţѾˣͣ£³Ϊǣ塢µҲܹڼŮǰ档
µǺˣס
ʹСŮҲСƣ׷׵˴Ҵ˺Բ뿪Ķˡ
ϳһˣժ¥ԶʳʱǹŮ·û¥ֻǶȺ͵ԡ
ˣȻˣ˾ˡ
סǸŮģȻ״Ů
ǸŮŵûɢ¹ͯڴʱƣæ㣬ͷؿڡ
ЩŮĵ绣ˣĻԽ˵Խأ̵񲻶ƺܲá
һߣ˻Ƶһ棬ಽĸš
ŮţȴҲҹȥˡ
վЦЦЩźϣͲñ޾ýˡֻǿƣ̨ȴ˵ġ
صңԲͲ裬ɫȥټĺ㣬ɵʣ˵ʲô£
Ԫһ⣬һҪءҲ̫ˣΰǰˣҲѷǸˣΪС£Ҫɱ˽ΰɱʲôô
Բȴûɱʢ
صֳǣվסڽҡ˿ֻºܿҪֶˡֻ£һǸͼױˣϰɥ£ΰͣʢɱġ
ǰð죬ҲˡΪҲѣΪʲôʱҲԼɱԼ˰˿ҺѪȷ磬ҵͽʢɲţɱʢǾնԼı۰嵱ֻ֣нʢһ˲ȥɱʢ
ΰ󲻵ͣ͵㡣˵㣬ף²ɱҲá
ôҲûˣ潯ʢжŻԺ徹˵Ļóΰƭһ
ˣ˶ˡȻ岻⣬Ҳˡ˵
Բһ´룬ôҲ벻ô͸ˣǴ㲻ܽΰô˵Ҫġ
ͻȻһ䣬Ҽǵһ𣿡
ԲǴˣͽȥ
ȥҳ
Բ˸ӻ򿪣ǾżֻСƱֻֻС룬ֻСӣһֻ¯
óһֻС룬벻Сһ仨Цⶫ͸˰ɡ
ԲҪ͵ȥ𣿡ָҪˣǡ
ǻм壿ǸȥҲһ
Բȥ
ժǹ
ԲһıŸӳ֣㲻ȥȥ
Բ̾أȥһժǹ
忴ۺӣժǹ͵𣿡
ժǹ
֪ԲΪʲôɫѿˣ̾ˣ

壺ڽϿܹȥССˣŰ׻ãôƯϣ˶ڷ⣬Χ˷׷ױãָָ㣺
ǹ
ժǹ
ʱ룬Һý콯벻ڣûһĻ
ڹпˡ
Բ˵齯ʢˡ
壺ǹΪ׽ŮŭɱʢĻϲġ
վһӶԷϿһͷ

ʲôë
òûˣ֣Ҳϲð
ȻһȢɣ
Բҡͷҵģ˵Ȣ
ղ̽롣˼ԺһźҡͷڴûйӣѾֻйˡֻйܽ
Թеˣ˭ûʸȢ
˭ҪȢ͸ɵ˭


124 
ʹȵöӶ˻ȣǷ±ӣСĿʣ㲻𣿡
ܾϵĹһľż
һ£˷ܵ˵Ҹ˵˵°ɣ
ҪѴ¸߱ˣġ˼ְֵƽºҰֻܾôȥ
תӣ˳˵Ҹ˵£
һȻʧЦ
˵Ϊʲôᱻ˵Ů׷ԭҲý֪׷ĲǷǣˡ
˵֪ԪֻŮˣ밢ࡣ
˲Ҳ´ϲ˵ϲӦǽˣ
ԪζԽģȴ
һ˽ͻȥס˿ܲϲܣץס󣬴ȲʣĽ˵ϣҲôҡ
˵࣬˾ԵЩ
ϲȥץ֣Ͷ㿪סʹСϲġڶȻڴڴʱҲȥˡһĻҲȥŵôأҪӴӳЦܳ˸˻ȥ·ûأЦ˵
˾ᰢˣһҲ£ÿشһҪȥ˻ƣҿ˵ȥûȻ¶Ů֮ȴȻֱ
ЩΪʲôץ㣿Ϊ㿴𣿡Ϊ˿˷ӺͰ̺ͬԷӲҪץ
Էӵһȥ˵ңuûٽºˣһ۰ĺüһ١
¶ҡͷǣֻڸЩǵСͯ˵
Щ˵ˣ
˵ͷ˵˵
ֲ÷Ҫץˣ
ûϵԪȻ˵ģҲ˾ĴΪԪֻȥû뵽Ȼȥҵԡ
ʱҪȥˡ
ϣҡͷҪȥߣɫѾЩˣæ¥Ƚȥվ¥¶ԽֵĺԺ㣡꣬ıԶˡ
ˣƿץ㣡ܵסˣ
Զ˵ֻõһЦʤ⡢Ǻ֣ܿܵòӰˡ
ڵϣһʱԴҳһš
߹˵𣿡
ұزŹ֪ǲǵһôӦǣѾԷҲûҪץˣһ黹ûǰץɱǹء
ȥķӸҲɱˣ
ٿʳֻҪڷӶǰ鴫ȥٶԸ˾ûҪˡ
ˣģ֮󣬹һ֪ġ
ʱ˵񡣡
һңʡ
ǽ̫ءİūһľС
û뵽ôȫŻﾹȻˡһ㣬ҡҶԶԶǶСӡ㽯ΰҲûô
ΪԵ𣿡̾˿ðūľз¡Գл޲ߣҧˣ޴졣һһˣӽͱŮȥȫķ⣬ȴڳлһ
òֹԪ϶Ҳͬĸܣ³ϧʢӣ㹻İѱлԸӣӼֱͷСӣлס
һϢ򿪺ӣ澹ȻǺ觵ʳб̣С硣Ҳһ֣ôһ룬һҲ⡣
һֻ룬ȵķϸոպáҪ֪õ붼̫ˣȻյҲС룬ȴǽģýѪ
պúá
׼ģ
ǻ˼ġ
ԱߵãͲˡ
ʽ壺˻𣿡
ͷ

ûм룬ֻչǮˣģһƣһ
˳ϣΪһƯˣȻһԼѮˡһ¼ȣɽڵϣҡ
ǰ˵á̼ȡָ֡ˣʲôȣȣ·Եý²ȵˤӡ
϶ûˤӡ
ʮԶĵطͣͶش񣬡С˵ˣ̫أǲСʺ
ʲô֣ǸŮͯʡ
Բ̧ͷǰĵذ壬Сգһ֡
ǸŮͯȻһ˿ϤĺԲ
Բֹˮƽҵ˳ƺСһԾˡ
ŮͯᣬԲ̧ͷ
̧ͷֱӹԹȻСͯһİΨйе˼ǡԭ㳤һֵֻˣżա
֪
ʣ~أ
ȻһʼʱдҲ̧ͷ̹Ȼֱˡ
ڡ

ңȻҪһ֡˵
ʲô֣


ԲĿ磺ϲò
Ҳ̹׵úܿûÿˡ׸鷳ţε⣬Ҫ֪ʲôˡ
ԲûӹϿĽʼһ˿˿ûУǵǡ
ĬΣýй֪ڽҡ
ڽң
Ӧ˵ûڽң
ȫûԿأϾ¶ϲ֮ɫܵԲߣǿѹŬ򶨡
ԲŹŤܾÿһ~ССͣޡ¡ۣȴ¶Цܵƽƺֻһ˲䣬䣬ǸС֪ͯʱѧ档
۰ڹϵľУ״Ʋ˵ʱ꣬ʱҲʮһѣܻ˿׷˵񿴵ֻСèڴءڷˡ
ע⵽ɫһ˲ãȻƺڻ䣬Ȼ
ˣϣˣ
̫صķȥˣ̫ؽڰ
˭֪Բһ˵һɱ
̧žߣĹײվȵվס
֪˵ʲôʯץסһͷͿڣĪ㻳ɱϣܣûԹ޹ϣǳϣ
Բͣסţ
϶ĵͷ
ԲͷһظˡһľУ¥ˡߵ⣬¥ﴫһ߹һ˿Ц̨ס
񿴵ٸߣȻ֣ˤϣ˺ü顣ղſϲ͸ղǸĵҲ˵û𣿻ӦȥˣɱǸŮˡ
ȻѺÿһֻ붼ˤˣˤ˵һ䣺룡Ȼָľ˵Ȼû˾ɡ
ϸԲĻǰ¶ֻƬٿǺͻ
ԲصңЦӯӯ졣һ÷λصҺȻվסԭԺУ̺˶ˣֻһ
ϲԿϲ
ץŰֻѼе졣
Բֺץ𰸼ϵһ鿾⣬һ߳һ˵̫ˣͲˣȫˡ
ȣȿȿȣǺˣϻЦ
ǷŮʵڿɶ񣡡
˽˸񣬶Ρ
Բŭ˵Ǳ~ɱķˡ
ü˵ģ
Բ˵~ʮ𾴷ˡ
⵹ǡԱ~˻ǿú׼ģϧ~~Ҳżϧű~ɱϣɱĽʢǰ޷񣬺ȴмֿܡסูԼʱöذ棬Ϊãͱһľ¡
Ѽӣ˵~֮ɱʢӦġʢڳ׵ɱ˹Ů֮Ůʬ屻ӵ˳Ұء֮ǰɴһŮˡǹһһʱѾˣʢɱ֣վߵڵ鷿򿪹ӣ~ɱ˽ʢڴˣѪʱӦѾˣ˵ûᣬ֮˴ϵİˡôģ˭ɱģĲ֪ˡ
뵱ʱǾŭӣʱصУٿ£ȷʵкܶɵ㡣
˵ץ˷˵ŮǸ˻·µ·ûѪʱǱ~ɱķˣϵѪܲմ˵·ϡң˲Ǳذ״ģǱץסͷڵϿǡ
סеıӣݺˤڵϣ
ԲĬ
˵пв˺޷ˣߺ󣬷ֲ˽ʣܾǸū鷿͵ײɱ˷ˡ˵ǰʱɱڡֻôҴҸĿڡ
Զ˷̣Ҫͼȥ˵ȥҽΰˡ
ǸԺ﷢ҽУȥҽΰ
ΰˣҪɱ˳ȥɡ
ɱ˰ʢ
ΰߣҵĶӣҶɱ
ʹƺԼ
ΰͷ˵
üʲô
ΰЦ⡣ʲôܲ˽ҡ
ͼ߰Ѿ޶һ¥չĻǡο顢⣬а븱ǡ
ǰժǹʱʮһֻҰ࣡Ժϲ¹ְ͸˳ԣ͵͵ҹնٿ飬ȫĨϺβڹУժǹƣϹͻȻعˣҹİȫڷ˭֪
ʣµǾͼˣⲻܸԣȡ븱ǼʮߺȵͣչҪʳðͷЩһ֤ǳԹһκҲˣ
ŨƮ϶¥ŵôζͣʿˮ
Ҳŵ˹ͷζһֻװ˱ǵĺɰҪ̫⡣
ÿСͯ䶼һֻĺɰһǡֻн񡢽塢¡֪Ҫʲô
еһˣҪѺɰڵϣñ˿еıǡ
Ǹ֣͵Ԫǰֻķ֡
ͷָŴ˵ˣ
ժǹƮȥζһ̨˶֪ˣԼͬժǹ
ˣ
ǹ
㰡һվڻϣֳˣŬǰ̽űŬȥ˳Ʈζ
ͷ۽ºմ鲻áȥˡ
ʱһ͵ײЩ˼ժǹȴһ˿Уһ˿αװ˵˱¡
𣿡

˭ǸŮ
ΧŴתǸСˡ


125 ನ
ǹģΪʲôôңԽסŮȥץӡ
ûУ㣡ûУӹڷǰ޵һƬףȫǸղſĳġ
ȵѰǴߣŹ
ΪʲôôңΪʲôΪʲôǵ˻Զȥſڵϳҭڷޡ
Χû˸˵ŮǶйŮ̽ͷ̽ԾȥǸϿ
ֽԭأ߹ȥѰӸ
֣ңôˣԹҶԲԣץסֿ޵
̾˿Űɢҵĳͷԣĵģ㲻Ҫ
Ҳ֡Ҳ֡ӺҰͷ£ĨϵᣬղŷͻȻӷܵΪǻֲҲ˽ȥһֱܵģԿܸ˵ӭȥ㣬Ĳˣȴץס˺ü£
ŮǸϽֿǣȴƿڴ֪ˣ֪ܣΪֺôЧоֻǲ֪߳ܣûнŮ˲ŻĸŮͬнš
¿ͷԭ¡ͻȻܳ˵⻰ɲԣѵǲǽ̺ģѵǽģӣΪ㹻Ŵѣ
̺ȳҪ뿪
˵ʱԭأȲҿֲ֪ʲô
಻֪ʱôҾһлڴǰʱ࿴֪ãеסڣ
ˣ⿪½¶ĺۣĶԷ˵˼βһӣ㿴ӽҼʮֳ谮أ
Ȼܿ챻ŮˣҲˣһлǱòʰãһ̣Ǻ
ǲˡ˺ܶ࣬˼ǣҲ뿪ֻԼסҹҹܲˡҲǿ˯ˣҲȥ˯Ͼͳ¡
ҲøղŵķǺܲʲôҿǻ裬ѡ
˵ǡС֮ǲǺӣ¡ɷǾΪǸûгĺӣʹ༸պ󣬾ȻٻһԾǰҲڴ˯
߱ˣǲã˵ʵںܶˣ߰ӣԺǰԴֻò˵ˡ
ɷǽóߵ˵ĻҲԽԽŹ֣ʱһһˮǹ⣬Ϊûεԭ
·Ƿˣһ֪зŮ빬ǻᱻԾյţҲ˽̺ʳˮͽŷǣһ£ϣܺת
ѾҪˡ⼸ҲǸӣҲˡֺģּ֮ᶨûмˣǲ֪µġһ˳Ҳڣ
˭أ˺ܶ࣬зŮн֮ݵŮˣдµĹŮˡ
οղŹе˶ܹȥˣڸû취ˡ
Ӻ޵ҧ֪˭һͷ
⻹ˣʣͰôˣҿղǹģ
ЩŮǴСѡǺͰһ𳤴ģСʱһͬ飬񣬲ȻҲͽˡ
ҧס촽ּ˵̾㵷ңؼҰɡ˵ô˵ȴֱȥˡ
Ѿ˰ס졣
ƿ߽ȥǰ
Ĵ£ԭߺ޵˫۽ƽŤͷ
Űֻǲɰ̾˿Űĳްӣ
ɫ԰ף˵
˵Ϊ͸Ϊ㰮ĽɣҪҲɣǲҲҲأ
Խ˵ͷԽͣҲԽ
˵㻹ǵǷҰ𣿡ĳϸ۵ͿĴĨһ£ڱǼһᣬԵÿһڷÿһˮǷҸġƯĳúͰǡһģƯҲúһ̴֬֬죬۱Ȼƽ𡭡ֻҲڷҵõİɣ
̧ûзңΪڻںӹͰļկֻֻԶԶȴŵ׵඼
຦¡ѹ־ֺڣһգӿ˳žžવڵϡ
û̧ͷûп޸ֿܿʪǰһƬء
ȴƽûб򶯡
㺦˰ӺͰǣǽмĽ᣻㱳˴СķңΪһˣǰͰһ𳤴ꡣҡҡͷ࣬Һʧô
̧ͷСʱҲģŮǹ̵ֹܽġ
֣֪֡ˣҲˡ
㲻ڹˣһطҡվˣжȻһɣĿŹֵıӰ
ߵǰͷ˵㣬Ҿûٻصң
ϵˡ
Ŵֹϣֻʣһˡ
֪ȥ˶ãִ򿪣һСĽŲ⿪ϵӡ
ǰĬ
ҸˮͳԵġĬӻͳֽͲϥϣ˵ҪҪȥҴ
ҴͲľȻ
ȥĬ˵ȥҴҪȥ
̧ͷĿͶڲ֪ĵط˵ĬҪס
Ĭԣ⿪ֽ԰ɣһ㣬ˣǹԵأóƽʹˣ۵ζҲɢ
Ҫǡ
ʲôĬҧű̧ͷ
ûʲôЦһЦӹҧһڣ𡣡
𰡡


126 ̿
ºһŮɱˣ
ºܿһܵķʽֳǣܶ˶ԼĲ²⡣
Ůɱ³ˣʲôϵǴɱĴŰⲰڰ֣û˵ʲô˵ǴɱҲȢɥ̱ϣںʱˡ
İعң˭ƭأ˵صңŸпܰѹ޸ҲҪѧϰǡ֪ʶԱڴǰúñ֣ӭȢ
һ̱СԺУе⣬һ˶뿪ˡ
֧Ϊɱˡ벻ɱɰ㹨ҲȢһֵܶ׷ǳ£෴°
֮£ֻüɱУѽڲϰѹ˹
ȻЩˣþС
ȻˣȴġһǲˣⲵĸȥˡȻվԶĵطƽĽҲ˵Ǹһͨ³ڵơȼҵ״Լ֣ԡࡢκȹ۷֮󣬹ƽ㶮𣿡
ĵ˵첻ǹܼ޸ƭһأ
Ҫңܱ͡Ҫֳǣǵֻܽڴ˴ˡ
Ϊʲôŭʡ
Ϊƽ
ⲳԲ׼ԼǲǸŭʹģ
ֳ̼ܲΪ֮УֻܽڼУþƺ⣬󣬵вӣ˵վƿеšеĴⲲſ֪ʱͥԺﾹȻվŮˣͷе檣ǸǲǼ޸˵Ǹ
ָͥǰеŮ˵ֻҪֳϵģǷ̡ʹ޶Ҳ޷
ⲵ°͵ˡ
㻰䣬ȻͷŮ˾ˣ
ⲵŵŵˣ
Ů˽ˣ
ǽվԾұܵڣڹӺڽǣ͵㣡ǳȥ
һֿϣ
ⲼֱĿɿڴ̾Ϊֹдûܹ˴ľţȻǼںǶԵģ汲޳ܾͱȲҪһμʱû뵽ˣϹһ
Ⲳ˽֤һúôСԺԣʵŮɫںϾǸĹˣ׷Ϊķ㵹
Цֳԭϲ̵ִĻ
ֱ͹һСƢõŮҡͷֻֻڹ󣬱ŹߵĶŮŸ߹ͥɻ㣬ĳγǳðֺȥɣȥɡ
Ӵ˹ⲾͰסˡȢܰҪɵģ˭֪㻹ʲôжڵ
á֮żʹȥϢЩ
˻˵ˣعˣǸˡֳˣֻعˡ
ķ˲ṫ
˽Ѵ˴Ϣ
˸Ů
Ƶˣ
ˣ
סأ
أ빫Ҫңѧûɫ
ЦһѣЦʲôǼ٣ΰˣǽ䣿Ӫôӣ㲻Ǹմӹ𣿸ҽ
ڽºһҡ
˹֪֮ºˮ̳˸Ůʬסƫƫϳǳ̺ĹŮҲ˵Ůȷʵڵ̺ԭǷڽŮ֮һ컹̺أܵûӰˣ֪ôˣ
ŭuɫԶĵŮ֮йأٲҳڴǰ
Сزס£һuԾ¶ˡ
㲢ϣuߣȶģ³ҲáܶԴ˵롢Ҷжд̣ûǣص˶ϲ壬ôŵ³
ܽ³С
ʵܣҲЧ³ʱŮˣ¸޿ĹӣȻӾˡǰ޷̵Ҳ޷ȰΨһľǺŪŪȥˡ
ɵǴҲŪǣŪǼŮ˻㣬ǣң
ȥЦ˵ЦΪ޵Ůֵܵģ
Ԫҭ˸š
uҲ侲һ㣬һʱҴҳؼұˡ
ֻʣ¹㣬ЦŶԴ˵ĪǴʹϧŮеķˣ
Ů֮£ֻŮ˽ᡣ
Ԫ̾ĺ̺˰տɱվͿɱң
ɫ̫ˣ³ûзңûйңȴΨûдһ˵Ƿɱ˴ŮôΪҪأ˵ΪڿشŮŽ˼ʣ
Ԫӻ֣е˶ȥţһεĹŮ̬ȴһֱԪգۡ
۵Цˡòѣ⹬еŮȴ
㿴ʲôԸ߹ˡ
Ŷƹ˵ҿŮ׷ˣ
ô֪ŮǱ𴦵ģ
ƹõֻŮǴ·һ
ֹ죬ڸƹϿΣ˵Ľһ˵лҲŮֳ̫ǰղͽģ㲻֪𣿡
ƹ͵֪·ô˰
㱻һҲգֻǶƹЦƹûһ˶˵ĿǱ߷ɣӶɹȥˡ
ϢֶΣĬĬš˵ͷ֣лƹãתԽԪ˵ƺ԰Ϊơ
ԪʱȴʼΪ˵ûҹ۷ˣƴ˵ˡ˵ǸУôһСŮƽϣ
Ů˲ֻ˿ףҪ·ܼݡ
ԪѾϢǣҵͷ֪йڣǱٰѷuҲݽˣЦĺʶζ
¶һ˶Цݡ
ѾŻġ
ϽϾȻѾдˣ
ߵ˭ȥĻأ
صУһ̹˵ʹ㡣
Ҳȥ˦ϵưڵϡ˼°ˡ
ūüȥҽˣ˵ʹˣ㡣
ԴӽԺ󣬸ڽԪߵľˡūȻͣǻǡӡǡʹˡ
ū˽±Ԫֽ
Ǹ̿ͣɾء
ȥɢԣҲýȥֻҪһһ佻ȥأȥҪȥԼȥˣ͸ࡣ
зԽԽˣҲᷳȴÿֻڽ˶꣬˵һЩֵֹĻرǽȥǽ겻˵Ԫַһξ칬ڰ˰ٽͷѽеľūҪǰסˡ
ԸҲвԽԽϽ񽫾֮ʱūҲֽǲǸĴ˳һԶţ񽫾ֶˡ
ֻ½콪ڽʲôʲô˳ˡ
ƫƫʱ
ūֻôҴҸȥ
ȻҪѷҵĹ´øһ㣬Ҫֳ˶֪
ūʲôأ
ԪŮ£빫ѵ𣿡
ŶԭзӪͷҪ͵˾֪ʹuߣպڴǰҲûôţˡ
Ԫȥûϳɡ
ֱ˵ռ黬ˡһָһһҲ˻ɵֺƭ˵ʲôš
ū֪ڴĿУٱҲס£һ᲻ڽ϶ҵҴҥԵˣҾŹ
ūҲ΢΢ЩԴŴƵǵɽ͹߹߾ȫΪıи֮⡣ȴȻôаֵϧ
뵽һЦ߳ȥ
һˣȻ³֮Ȥ
ūȺУǼ˵ĭɣΧ˶šõ;Ʋ˹ȥ۵ԽԽˣ뿪ˡ
ǵĸˡ
ƺΪйˡǡӪĹ̫֪֮࣬Χˣʡ˴¡
ūɫӿŲ̨ϡڲܶҪعǰڳҸطϢ켸ҹ̨Ҳû¡
Ǹ̿;ëֱ
ãǸ̿ͻûɱ
쵽ˣＸûˣūպÿ೵Ҫȥӿ켸ڷ೵󣬰æƳߵ£ͷȫ̿ͿˣֻҪͷͲᱻϳ
ǸûйǼųǰߡ
ǰˣţߣҲƵβסϷŵľͰľͰǿյģҲɢŴ̹ġ
ūŲζһֵľһߡ
Ǹһָлɫķ㡣ūҲ˹ߣæͼһڳԵܲҪ
һ˲䣬ĺëͻȻˣ˶ȥͿǸֻ˿鲼ֹӱռסֵʱһֻŵͱ˹
һУһ¡
ʱųǽϵĻѵ΢⣬ūͻȻϳˡϻҹ»鲼סͷҪðߣûа취档
ڽΰ߼ˣ
ʹΰ͸ɴɱǽΰΰҪɱ


127 ɱ
ſڵߴˣһ˻Уܻǰ
ūŬȥֻʣխһ죬ìָҳ̾ͻᱻ͸
ūֻתȴЯźٴιرܹ⻮·ڿһѪӣǼʱ㿪ˡ
ЩԾɱܶˣдҲСūūȴŹӰķ£˴̿һ֡˵ǽģʲôĶӳ
׷ȥ
ūûдӲ˶ԴСǾʤĹؼڽǰֻüɣһ߾ڡϣĿܻһ㡣
ϷŪϻһʱ׷ýЩͷ仮һʱַЩūƺлܵõŬܣ
ԺūˣǸĴ̿ͣߺ޵ҧΰΪʲôͻȻɱͻȻ̵һδɱʱȥ꣬ʱս
ֳ⣿
ūֻҪӳ죬һҪȥ̽
˴ӶǵǣūʼûиһĻᡣ
̽ôȤվסţǰūܽסĳһĳձһ
ūǽ£ҴϢš
ǶزأĳɱСˣ
վڽֵУͷƲƿ¹硣
ū˳н
̵һǲеĶذڶǲڷͰµĳ˳ūҲн
ūγذһԼ޷ڡ
̵ͷĳԡ
˽ֻ߽һԶʱūԱȥĿǽڵϵĽ
̴ЦȻСˣһūู
ū㣬ס̵ȣжذݺݴ̴ڲࡪУ̱
һߵڷھһѪţ赲ߡ
һɱı
ϵһ֪ãѸٷֽһĿˡ
û뵽ھȻƤף
ūΪԼˣһһ󣬷ûд׷ĽŲ
˾һɱĳŵˣ
̲ȥѪĭӣС̧ȿţƤһĿӣ΢΢Ѫ
õϧˣɱܵõһѺõ֪˵ʲôһоˡ
ڿУժǹֻɫ֪Ϊβ˯û˵ĹڲͣС
侲š
Ȼûָ˭ǲ˵ڵ̿ȡůˮͱܲײˣ߰˸СͯҲ˯ڵչǡ
ϴΪҽĺӣиĸ˵Ķˣʣ¼ʮû죬ǲԸٻصȥժǹ
Ըǹֻ߸ЩӳԱůһЩɵĻɨʲôģܸػ
ڸУûкӲܸɻ˵ЩӶ±ûõ˸ϳȥȻֻҪǴɨͰЩСȫͯɨֵعסժǹͼԼ¥
Уù
û˵תͷ򱻽ڵµ𣺡ˣ
͵ʱصǴˣ
ţɫҡ
ɿ˲ˣɽԺ󣬺ܶ˾ˣҲòߣͱ˸ץ˻
Ϊ˵ժǹȥˡ
γδã
ѩ¹¸һ˿䡣촽ӱץסͲͣģţ˳Цǹڣһ˾ͻ㡣˭ڹعأĻһ޾Ŷ
һ˵˾Թɱٹҳȥʾڣ
ʱΧľūҲԾԾɱġ
ֻн䲻һĬԽãԽ룬ŵĸѣ̲סϣڽϡ
ǺˣͻȻһð
һתͷһǽ̣ûʲô
ÿժǹҵҵиȥٻҲǳԷҪôЩʳߡøߴֱȱûʲôȥ
ޣ͹Խ࿴
俴̣Ը˵ն˴һֻ֣ӳȥɡ
˵ˣҲԼĶ䡣
ϽҪˣ׷ȥʣֻնһֻ־𣿡
һۣеıŭӣæͷڵϣҲ
ģһΣֻҪһֻ֡䰴סĽ´Σһɱ㡣
ԶˣԼûˣ
ʧ̱ϣԼӹ٣
֣Ǳˣ
㽫ֻҪһֻ֣Ҳ
ҺܷŹ
ŽͱסԶˡ
Уֻ񿴵뽹Ҳ壬һֻ߹ͷ·ͨԣ
ץ˼ݹȥȫܵͬʳ
Цһ̾ɱˣҰΡ
û˵ֻǳĬĸ̵ơ
̵Һ͹ģʧܾҪԾ֮䣬Ҳֻ뿪ˡ
䣺δ
Ц֮󣬺δȥ
䣺𣿡
̵֮»ûȻҪ
̧ͷҲнɱһˡ
̴ʱž룬ƽʣĳһͿɱˡ˭
䣺ʢ
һоƣ֮ǰĳɱ˴ˣ


128 
콹µĲƲǰֻϧıѷһ
ҪʲôߡԴЩһĲֵ
̵һδȡת뿪ĳͷ죡
磬ƺƷӪ˵⼸죬ϵѾѷڵĿӶǵˡ
һױ֦Ҷ
ΰ˺ܶ࣬ɫƣͷ١ϣһƤã俴а̾ô˵ʢҲĶӣǵҲԸɱˡ
ЩļˡΰɳƵ˵
ڹڷҵĲʵ̫ˣȥȼĲǷңֳеˣǲԸŴٵҵġǷң֪ǣ
ͷҿЩУһǷҵˡƲܾطǷuģ
ΰҡͷ̫СӪˡ
ǷӪž͵˵Ǹͷϱ鷿͵Ĺô˵ôʲô裬¯ʲô㶼óɼ׽ıǷӪ׽ˡ
ʱһվ˵̻ˡ
üתͷʽΰǲǸˣ
ΰͷ
ɱ㣿ֱȻ̵֪汾ʲôҲǽΰڽϿҪ̡ڼеԭһǱҪʱϴó˷зԼҰģ
ΪΰȥӭӽԪ̾ԶԷͶ˽Ԫ֪Щϧ
ΰƾϣ
òȥмˣ
ΰҡͷҼ˵Խˣǲϣһζûùͳġ
̴ҡڵ߽ңūһĻת뿪
̽ʱֻнΰһڣ̣ΰָǰ˵ͯˮһϸΣһۡ
ⶼǽڽʱԵĶ
̿һۣҡͷĳġ
£ֻܵΰ
ʣӺڣ
ΰʢѵС
̵ͷǰܹչˣһӣ֪ĳٳȥպػȡӵ۽ΰ۶ӣͽڼйظɡ
ΰЦֱ̣ҵĶӻҳţҾɱ
ĬĬŽΰЦͻȻʣкģ
ΰ˵Ц˵˻
ΰЦվɡ
ƹԺԺлľ㣬ͣһ߹ľԱ߻Сġ
ΰǾ߹ײ˵Ҷڴˡ檡
ĿŹײļ뿴װǲǽʢ
ΰתͷ˵̣֪Ǻ˼ǺҶҶˣҪɱһ飿Ц֮ǰһţڿȷʵǻͷ֡ҶڷǶ꣬һһֳǣͽɱǺ˺ҶҶǰ˭ۣ
нŲһң
ʱżнūѾˣѸٰΧˡ
һǰΰȥ
ΰһɽ̽Юס󼱣磡
ΰڰ֣ݼתͷԽ˵̣ܵң㲻Ҫ⡣
⻰Ǹղ˵һš˽ΰĻҲſ֣˺һֵĳʧˡ
ΰԽ˵Ƕȥɡ
ߺ󣬽ΰ̾˿ǲϸңǺҶˣ
̱տڲԡ
ΰʽ̣ҶһֻҪӭȢСȴѹɭĶẒ̌ǹ㣿
ƽĿ
Ƿɣ
Ȼ
ΰ̾˿ҲˣΪ뿴Ǹ̿ͻ᲻û뵽ǽ̵ˡǴ䲻һ䡣
̵΢΢¡
ΰʱĿѣ
Ҳ£תߣһ䣺Ҫ˵˵մˡ
ΰʱѾվˣҡҡλεģ⿴˴Ҵҽæסΰ磿磡
ΰץס૵֮ǰǽǸСͯǸ~ǾǸôɱҶ
~Ϳģ
֮ͲˣûУҲˣҾΪǱ˽ʩҶɱʢʱ·úúõģҲ죬οʵڲŽʢһĳϡ
ԭԭ֮ǰʢǿӦҶڻ˴ѹ޵ȥҲԱñ߹ġʹ⡭ΰץסĸ첲ūɱʢūūɱҶ
ôҵｯңպ뵽ˡ
ŻôΪ̫ءһжˣֻڴΪ̫ʱʢǸˡ
ǽ뽯ʢֵ磬ɱ˽ʢΰѹҲᷴȥɱ˽潯ʢ˵Լǽ̫ᣬֻ֪ܵˣ˽ʢͬսĶӡ֪ʢŶáдųţŸԵ㡣
Ϳʼͷɱ˽ʢ̹Ȼĳǰ˲ڽסĵصУΪѾˣȴ֪˵ĵصȻȴôպҪ⺢ӣס
˽̸У֪ûɱʢΪûѽʢΰɵЩοűŭ
ǽ룬Ǻˣ
ѽΰݣЩԺݵĽΰʱ˫۾
б˵
磬ͷȻûɱʢһ֪ġ
ΰ۽䣬ҽʹԼʲô
˵𣿡
һʳġ
ı˺£ΰ룬ʺ¾ֱԵ
һԣŽ롣
벻ŭ̹ȻǰˮһڣȻһˮαʣ¡
Ϳǽˣ
ս٣ȴ塣ԳʣԼʣ
½ҲóȻˣΰ
ΰڲܽ㣬̫ˡ
̵嵱ýʢȢ
˵ΰҲúܶȻѾˡ
Ұˡ˵
˶һֹҾ˵岻ô
ô˵أΰץϵһӹȥǸ«ҳȥ˺Զ¡
һ£ҲԼٿΰݣͻȻ̾ҲЩ
ΰľȻһ
ջˣͳȥˡ
ߺ󣬽뽯ΰһЩ潯ΰƤãְѻ¯ϣˣ֪ġ
ʢǲͬġΰȻԶǶ⣬ʢʱãͽǰأСͱһΰöˣȻһЩ
ΰһɱʢ֪𣿡
һǴɵģŵһǰŰŮ޸ʢžɱʢ֮ǰŭɱǸŮ˺ö
ٿΰæ壬ֻı£һռסǣպҪҳҲƴǣҪ֧ˡպҪʲôǶӦĻҪʾͬ⡣
ǴɱʢҲΪýһֻʣһˣýʢҡ
ΰʣΥ
˵ﻹڽܿ࣬Ҫոɽΰһƣոɽ
˸ţٺЦ˵ЦѡȻɫֶǲѪ𣡡ȷʵأλٱһĵġ
ΰͷţǽҾͲˡ
Ŀ࣬У
ΰҲͷ
룺ң
ΰ㿴ҸҲҡٿ۾ӣ֪ôˣȰһ䣺ϵġ˵һ䣬㷿ĵصʵҲ벻
ˡ
ΰƽͶˣ˿
ΰһۣЦ·ˣ֮ǰ伸οڣòʵ潯˵
˵ԽԽˡ¡ͻȻۿסſڽΰϥϣ磬㲻Ҫ£
ΰŵܵܵļ米ޣء罻»û꣬ʢĳûôأ
Ĩ˰ᣬ˵磬ʲô˵òԣһ䣬ʲôҶ㣡Ȼ־òԣ˵䣺Ǵûкӡ
ôûУ˿ϥеӡΰºķ˵ȻѾ˹ӣֺαعϧһ
㿴ǸСͯ͵͵ˡһŮĴһߵˣһͷͼܵıӰ
зУ硣˾ھ޶ΧϢкóԵģԽһ¸ߵȤ£кľȥ߹һƽ
ժ¥ѾĿõĵطˡ
ûдøɻгԵġͬ飬õĹ
ĽߵСͯÿҲҪɻ̺ôã϶ǡ
˷֣ЩСͯг͵͵ܿ͵Զ
Ǹװ׵ģʲôһܺó԰ɣһ˵
һŮ㲻ǽºѵǴ͸ģ
ҡͷûС
ǸװںɰУʲôأ
Ůʵ̲סĸ˹ȥվڽСĴӺɰͳһװ׵ĶϺϧĿȻսǶȥᣬͷ򣬺᲻õӡ
˻ǸȲʣʲô𣿡
ġһŮ˵
ҾӲӲġһ˵
Ҳץ֪볢һӵһСͯʱ䣬һֻȥĺɰ
¸оˣȴװ֪ͣǸˣҪʲôǲǱԣ
ţٸһɡ˰ɺ͸Ͻͣ֡
ȥñߵһ룬ɰ͵Ǵˤ˳˼顣
ǸȥĲһ顣
ҲϽȥһۿģô죿һֱûóԡ
ЩΣǾȣΪеĶһͨ͸ȴһζ
ʲô̲סʣΪ²˵
µǱǡ
˵ȽߺˣǿеıʱӭŹ⿴ȻһءҲѧŽȥ򣬺𡭡һ𡭡ۻ𡭡
̲סһСǸζζһСܿ컯ˣصºЩ˷ܣһҲȥժǹİһߣСͯ͵ʲôҿ
˷ܵ죬˵ˡһȻˣĽץסʣʲô
ǡ˵
ǡһ˲ɵ񣬱һǣһʲôζʲôӣ
˵˵
һġϸζţ𣬱۸𣬱۸㡭
һڼʵ˵϶ǹеġȴЩСͯ
˴һ£ѵҪֹϸ𣿡
һæ˵ôң˵ֻǡЩͯͺˡ̺Źϲȫˣպ󳤴󣬹ǲʣҲܳȥɼҵ
ȴԶѪˡ
ЦˣЩͯҲ˹ĸȻܹʲôӣ
һȴ뵽һ£ѹ˵㷢ûСǣûУ
˰޵Ŀ۴ĹǻΪˣòΪūǹ֮ģ
ûء˵ôһ
һŮ
Ҳһն


129 
ͯ¼ˤɼĺ«ΰ«ףһӡΰ˭
ǰ·ҵġΰ
ӡ飺ɽˡ
˵ʲôûУʡ
˵ɽ֮ǡʱ죬˴˵ΰͽǰʹӣֻҲΪΰǳյַڼܿԺˡ
һΪ«жΰ
æͯȥѰͯſѰңʲôҲûҵ
Ǹպ«ΰź«׽ˣʮԴȥһ£ʮȥֻ¡ɽˡ֮Ҳ֪ˡ
ժǹһǡ
һ
ͽбǡ
𡭡ûбζһĶ
أ
һģ
˵ǹͥԺﳤģ
ǣǳڹĴµģ½ȥȻ߳һڣ䣬׸
˵ǹһ̣ɽ˰̧ȥͯˤ̣ɽˤˣûйͯͰټֱԭ֪䣡ͯıɽȻۣ
ںĵ£ժ¥ŰɵڿͯǳԵıǺҲٻɡ
ԽԽء¿ǰͣӿ˳˵
ǵѾˣԽԽˡС˵
𣿡󲻰
𣿡ʡ
ŵò˵ˣźͽŻ¥
ԽԽˡС˵
̾Ҫչ˹Ҫǣ¥ԽԽ࣬һôѹס
ͽһһ߽ģ
е˲͸ġЦ˵ѻǰԭֻӡ
ָҰġ׵ġġϵġ۵ģװġ

תͷŵȥɡ
񲻽⣬ϲ𣿡
ϲ
ҡҡͷҪǵ⣬úõղɡ
񲻽ȴʲôҲ˵
˵ʲôأǰôܽǵĺأ
ʻĻڴģһҲҿ
ͽֻðѻᵽ𴦡
˵úղءô죿治֪ôˡ
ԥһ£ƿһȴѻڴǰᵽͰѻɡһڣҲǲǿˡ
صߣѾˡǶΪǹ¡
תͷ
֪ô˵ָֻ˵ԼģǵȻҲǡ
ŵеֻ̿ȸ⻹ֻҪҪ͹ȥأͬһȽҸɣ
ţֻ̿ȸվʼһԲȦⲽ
ڷȴվ¥ºò
µ̱ŲһĻҲסˡ
ô죿Ǽ˵һ
òסҪǿԷ
ָӵŽ
ܿ콪ºͽ±һƥչ̿ȸΧȥֻȸǽԶˣҲҶԷƺͰˡ
һһȻңȴҲ·ӣ΢Ц
ǱŲ̧ͷһˣ૵Цˡ
˲߸ȫ
ǿһ㶣˼תˡ
һСĿڴĶ˵𣿡
ŷʱ䣬Щж຦¡һˣҪǵչˣҪǾ岻
Ц˵ˡ
ͽ壬ѻùɣͷߡ
ͽ̸ŵŵŰѻǰ
ḧ۵ĻꡪĻۣҲӶȻһ죬۶ˣ
ϹڷҵԽԽסȴʼڼϢһһأܶ
ٲ˼ҪΪǹˡȻȷʵڶ£ĲһëڹͷϣóƬϺݴ꣬ҪװҪװô£תͷ԰˵֭أ
һСѵɫ֭ˮ̶㵽Ĳһ̾һ齣аҲңס齺סļ磬ʣҪ𣿡
㼷۾Ȼյ
һСĲǰһ죬һְ֭ȥĵȥȥˡôڣﵹ
Ƚºĳ˽ʱûݾ˺ѷεľȣһζſڴŻ£ȫˮƵĺôһ̲һֶֻͱӣιҩǣӣ𣿡
ȵûڵأ첱Ӵ֣ʵ˵
һߴڴϷŹ㣬ˡ
̾ԭ̫ʷôذ


130 
Ȼ𡭡Ԫ£кܶԵܵ˽ºкܶཪԪʶһ⣬Ȱ롱ġ
и·߲ȣپʮͷΡΡˣֹǰ̨ôû
ԪҵΪùã˵˺ܶλ֪õһһĳһ³Եʱˡ͡
̨°й㡣ûзˣû˷ңԶһ۰ͷʹ飬Ԫò׺̾סţ˵ھ˼ټˡ
u֮ͲˣڽϵԽԽ֮ҲˡԪʱŸоԼǹԮġЩȻ˽»ɱһʱȴ᲻Լͬվһ
дýȻˣҲֱԸ߽Ԫܡ
ӪҲģȥȥ֮󣬽ԪҪԵķҾͲ١ˡ
ԪʧЦ㾹ȻΪһֱڰ£
վߣѾǰˡûн롢ңܴºֳĳɻĺúΪ٣
ԪƿԡʵҲ񽯱˵δֳеѾ̲סˡҲڻ벻˷ҡ޷ܡ
Ԫͷˣ͵̫ûϡҪһ̨ף뵽˹㣬Ҳ𽯱룬ùġ
ȻΡЩʧˡ
Ԫ̾˿иŲͷôȥôã
ūԣǳ
Ԫͷ˵£ˣ˸׼һˮúϴ裬˯һϢϢɡ
ūǳܰ˯һ£Ƿ֮Ϊˣ
ǰԪ̾ﻢ¡Ҫǡ
ūæǴǵͷǷɶ񣡶ҵ˸ûô࣡һҹ֮´ֳǣֻǷԼģ
ԪҲڻɱˣһͶˣüøΪϧΪ˽ΧϧԼͷˮ˾İ
ū֪ܲҽôء
ԪһȷʵͰѷǺͷӵԺˣʱģΪʲô
ūЦ˵Ƿ˵˺ʹڴ齼Ȥ£һʱŭץס˺򡣡
ԪüǸ߹ķŮϵ˶֪ڹµʲôһ
ūֻһ취
ʲô취
βȥأū
ڵڶ糿ɽºǰֳ˰壬Ͷش
ӭӣԷ󣬽ӭº
ڴǰʹŮСУ𱸴ڳ谮˶歶岻棬ߣȰŸռλͼΣ£ѧʶԨ˽̸ԣܲʧ³ʧʧ
ʹڲѣִպɫķϹ£ҳĺðܿࡣ
žһһֻˤڵϡ
ӪôڵԪСҼţҼҪҪתȥǽϵĽСͯһʼżž͸Ͻȥˡ
״ҴҸϴİѷӪϻشϡ
ýʲôϵ̾׺ϡ档
ӪôټˣȥǰһʴȻҾȥ¼ȥ
ԭԾ
˰ļ֮ȫ𣬻ƿҲߡͯʲôԷˮ
׵ýǱá
ֻͯȥֻڴʱóϬǱȡ
ӪᣬֶڶôæȰˣáôɡǰԼٰ̫࣬Ƕ˵ģڿɺãһϷҵ׳ˡ
Ӫʣء
ˣİӡ
Ӫҡͷʱȥʲôã
Ѿ˴˵еŮ˵ʱ·ϾһԳˮ֮ɵŮˣòƷˣ֮ƣˣ˾ѹ
ڶ˵˾˼Ļ
ɣᱻͷġôӢ˶˾ѹ˵
ŷֽȻСȴƺǶģһЩ˵˵ıȽԲˡȴǵü˸ĸҲǵСʱǲǶ顣
һ㶼ǵˣأûӡ󣿡СӿɣôҲҪңܼǵһİɣ
ͿϷ۸ǣҪһҹӣȴӹˣǶ
ǽӹССڵĳţʵֹҲܿһ㣬⣬ֻнʳԷһڿڵģĵ̣ҭţǱԣɻǸĲ
ǰΪ߳ԵǵСԵʡ
ǳһٸͲҪˣס˵ҵģǶǵˣ˵Ҹʱֻأ˵˵ʱںء
ĲǵãȴǵãȻ֪˭˵ģȴܿԭʲô
Ժ˵˿ϳСԴ˵
ȴҡͷϳˣϣҪ˵ܺãȴūͣǸߡҾֻһԾˡҡСԴҿɲ
ƺˡ˶ڵԲãǣһֱûдԾϢ
ֱҹͻ
Ů˴ӳ˰˰
ѣɫҰףߣ´
͸ĹߣƿͿ˲ԶȼյĻࡣȻʯ죬ݶľͷģҪ¶ˡ
ܶ๬Ůӵժ¥ǰͥסɪɪ޲ݡ
ŷǽɡ˵Žͷİɣղ
ժǹΧʮˮǾղġ
񿴵ˣһֱС˰ĺӴʱȴѣӲҡͷ͵ǿӰɣǰڴһ˻յǴ壬չɽ
ģժ¥ŻġŽһ䣬˵ġ
֪ˣ¥ˣ¥Ҳµ÷Ѿ˳׼ӳˡ
࿴æ˵ȥժǹɣأ
˵ժ¥Ż𡣡
һ
ֵŰ˷Žòľˡ
ժ¥ĴŴˣǰ̨ͥϵȫţվǰ˵ɣϧȣڴϢ
ǻһЩˣһЩܵʱˤˣе̫ܵ·ûü
ժ¥ڵ˵ƣҹĻеһժ¥ӿ
һժ¥վ̨ǰЩ
¿ʩһ񣬡λкι£
ǸСͯ˽ͻ£ʺ
ȥͨͷɡ
̲סҾⲻơ
Цһ£ʲôأ
Ǽӿժ¥ģºҪ˾Ȼ𣬵ܶ˶ˣϧԼȥԾ͸ץ˴ȥȥȻ
֮󣬼˶ժ¥ҶˡȻһֱԹŮǺʴȣڽºǴʢִ˵ǶùƢ粻һأ
ֻԼ֮͸⡣
Һ£ڴǰȼյ
ҵȾȻ𡣡뿴˵ʲôһֱϲ䣬˵ڹ⽨Ǯġ
ǶΣգŵס˵ȥ˵Һ£㣬ߣ
ʧЦܸˡ
к񣺡ЩƺͳԵģߡ
ȥʱ¥²β¥Ϲл
ôܲȥȻյô죿
ºһֱ
תӣԱסǰѵҲ
סЩܳ޴롣
ʱһ¥Ҳ֪ҪȥȻˣȥɵú
ҵȣ

¥º̫̫࣬󣬽ô̶վ¥ϴȵ˴ĻΥ𣡣
µĹŮ˽һžͼ½Ǹ׶Ľȥϸϸ˵㲻Ҫ
¥ϣȰǵȥ𣿡
һ㶣Ǹô
ѹ˵ûͷҵ˳˾Ƿҵˡ
֪һģסŵҲǵӡôİɣ
ðɣҪȥĻСһ㡣
ҡͷЩȥǲץ˻ȥ
ԭô¡
ȻҲȥֺαرȥأЩô˾Ȼģֻõų𺣰ɡ
ʵùȥԵηѡԼȥȣġ
ԥǡ
Ҳ
ʹˣˮڹϣлչܹȥҲˮ˻ģֲ¡
ҹ̨٣ֻзһŮŮӳ
ݴסҪܻδȡ


131 
ӡ
ĬȺɪɪѾˣգҰɫĻҽ˳ŷƮ֮£ȼţĻʱʱŴĴڸһأȵķǶȡůʱ̿ζ
ϣժ¥̨ǰѾ־ۼ˸ˣϴŸ˺ۣһֻֻҹڰʱڰȫĵطϢ
һֱڶ¥û˵¥Ϊǿ
Ƕֵˮͱüӹεˮϴյ˿ڣǳۣ˵˿ھͲˣһСͯ˵ļͷɽӣǻˣǵ˿ڻһ
ģԽԽ˹Ļˮ˿ϣ˿еණ
øɾĲ˿ڣظʹõĲϴɺáԸȥҲЩ˲ֻҪǲ뿪һĻġ
ǡûҩ
ҲֻǷֹȾ
𣿡վڴǰܿճɷ
º˵𡣡С˵ǶɻǵĵҲ󣬽˵ûŹֻùˡһֱͷ¹Ҳϲˣʱûƿˣһ˿һЩʧ䡣
ùϲŬϢ߹
𡭡
˵ڳͷˣܾȡ
Բõͦ죬ֻǲ֪Ųš
Цһ
סӪվº
׺ͷ˶סֵ˴ͷѪΧܹˣӪͯŵɪɪȥ˷u
uʱǡŷӪѪĵԼŮµ֣ûģ˶ǷµķӪ뱱
uϽɲסţ˵
Ӫֱû˸
׺ͷһӪס
ӣ۾ıӣıմ˻
Ӫҡ£uãܹȥûסˤķӪӪһͷԵ£Ѫֱ
ܹȥuѾѷӪݡ
ŵʲôҲ˽ȥֻǽȥǰˣס
׼ܣץ˸š
ӪڴϣؽҧϽֱֻȭͷյؽڷס
ɣɣײͣİĦļֱۣuڸӪţæʣ𣿡uͷһӪֻȶֱ⽩Ӳ̾һͷuһһֻűࡣͯˮܽˮˣ
ǷӪܱһ̡
Ժž׽˳Ϊӡʱ硢ӪŵˡӪڹҽã߰ΪסЩˣòһ̵Ƣ
λٰ˾ͽӪȴֻһʷʷְݣҹҲ뿪
֪ί˷Ӫһ߰꣬ջͼλе˲죬ֻܿӪ׽
ӪҲİɣʱԸǺᵶΪ³Ǹĳֱ˵պ³̩ˣͷȥһչ
ʱʱһĥɾˡ֪ʱ𣬷ӪнԶҲǴʱͽ翪ʼ࿴ᡣҿʼءȻݱ䣬ӪŷѾֻһµķˡ
һ֣Ҳ
ҲͲǼˡ
ȷӪڷǲ˿
׿ӪҧԼͷţԷu˵̫嶯ȥһ
uͷȥ
ϹɡͬΪ̫ʷҹзޱ䣬ôţҲýȥķuһ˽ֻΪʸ֮ġ
uߵ£ٰһ·ȴˣĴ˰鱻˸ԭء
鿴ͷ빫С˰ɡ
uˣأ
˲Ҵ𣬰ȵС˷ˣԸڴˣԸ췣
uֽ̾°ϵ壬̫嶯ˣеġ
ͷҡͷ֪ڽȥáɰͻʱͷϻˮݣôʲݵķڹײҹλᾪʹޣһ˵飬·̧ͷŷuһҪȥҲ뱲ӵٶһӡ
uֻôȥ빨㣬Լȥ׷빨ڹǰϣ㿴ǴҴһ֣벽ºȥ
ҿҵ˸ս˵ûȥº
uվסţԥһ£תȥ
µˣҲͣ£̾ɣ
uԶԶĶʩһҾȥ


132 
ѳһƬ׵ء
ضǻҽԶʮСڲͣϴڣһһ紵ʮС˲ɼʮ䡢ٶ䡣
δ߽ܸоһɹ˵ˡڷ·Ŵĵط߽ܿڵʬ壬֫ȫȱͷټ磬޲졣
İ׻Ǻɤuסڱǣܵ󣬷ס˵塭
һƬհףuӵĻˣֻܸɰͰ͵˵һ䣺ɵġ
ãõΪţڼкĻһʱߣô롣ʱ˵֪
ô᲻˽Ӫʱ׳־һյͱϵļһձһոؾɣšܾٿһŻаգһȻиõĻᡣ
ʱˣݷʱ⣬һ޳ɡ
ֻޣأ³޴޷Ӫ
˦u֣߽˻𳡡
ԶܿһǷͽģϳuͷæǰݼоȳˣ
ͻȻϣ˹ץסˣȥ
Ǳ߱˵ʱвٹŮӳˣ඼ӵժ¥¥ңңһָǹȥˣֻǲðͻˡŴģһǿŵİɣЩ˾ǴЩŴӳġŴûˣܳ˼աֻǡηĿ۷
ֻˡ
ʲô벻ֻϽȥӳûаӣ
ӳ˱ʱ͵λڽºл֮Сֻʮ䣬ǰ󵽽º֮ǰϢ֮ãΪ˲ֿ⡣֮ʱﱻһգŴûУֻһЩ᣹Ŵϣڵ
վڵ⣬˷Ͷ϶Ŀ
ǰȥǰᣡuˣȽȥһҲˣһ˽ȥ
еĲ״Զ˵
ڵʬһˣǶţȴѿŮ˽ŵֱȴˡұʬ壬ͬһڣu̫ˡ
һϳȫˡ
ƽһ£ﴳȥ
ڼеŵҩĿζɼҩġu˿ذӺͰǶӳ˰ɣ
ȥ󣬰ڿŵĵطȴʬףֻݲݸסνСһŮӡ
ڹ˿Ȱοǣҩɡ
ҩͺˡ
ͷuϽߣһɳƵŮѵ˵Ӻȣ𣿡
Ŀſھͺӣˣˣ
uȴŮ͵͵Ŀõ˵˯һȡ
uͻȻҽȥˣȴϲĺӣӣתͷõ
uɲ߽ȥһһͷŮǰЦᣬͣĺӲ£õòãҩ˳ʲôκã
ŮǸҲյúɫӶˣͷҲջˡǹһɪɪɨһۣЩŮû֡һŮôڣ
Ůᣬָ
ǰļʬףu̾˿ضúðǵġ
ŮſڵϣҪޣֲҳ
uںǸŮˣֵǸŮڷȲҲٳ
СŮǡ˭
Ůø˸ͣǡ
uһۣʣͷˣأ
Ůҡͷ˵Ϊ˾ȰǣѰƳȥûܳƺĴ̼̫ˣ˵Ůͷʹ
ڻ˷ߣ岻ءӡȥҽҩúšת˰Ȧﲻסһסš
Էuúã֪֪
uӵĿŷƸսʱʧǣû˵࣬ͷͷİɡ
Ҵˡ
uʱߣת˹ȻȻòסͷɳƵ˵ˡԱߵıѪ˿
uûʱģһֵ⣺ôϳǰӣ
ŵ·ǰӵġ˵ͻȻܹ϶Ѫ·ϣʲôҲãֻҿܣ˵˻𡭡ܳѾһƬ𺣡ͩͽ˻ϡ˻ȥòյţûսǽˡ
ҵĿѪĭuæסˮݸ㲻Ҫ˵ˣ˵
һŮŵȻȻǾڹĴ𣬻ԽԽ󣬵ǡֻܹŴ⻹ûá
ûŮʹ˵ҹһ𣬿϶ܿͻᱻ˷ֻ֣ҪյôˣͻȡǾһֱȡ
ǲôȶû
˶ˣǽˣû˴ӦܿŻߵӰǸŴ󺰣˻ͷһֺۣܿҴߡ
ԽԽ󣬰˵ֻܳȥˣ±յܶ˶·סͷϹһһ㡣һƲصĵطײ壬Ͽʱһӱˣǰļ˱յ̺£Ų·ˣǶͷ壬Ҷʧɢˣֻ֪ǰܣûĵطܡ
ֻʣǼ˶֪ܵ֪ǲ˳ȥ
ƽ˵Ҳڹˣҳȥ뿪ңҾ
u˵ҩ
ʲôҩҲβҡ˵ҿ鲼¶ȫ٣ȫǺװ׵˿ڡu絶ʣǡǡ
˵ʱлҵͷϡͷ˻ʲôҲǹֺͰͲ֪ܵȥˡ
ˣҲˡյòò۾ﻬһᣬһŸʲôأǵףһʲô
uΧ˵ǣм£㲻ɣҲֻȥ
Ǿʲô
ӡu
ŮҲˣŵĽ˸ߺ󣬲һ𣬿־ŷu
ǣ˵ʲô
uҲˣˣ޷ң壬ȰϳɰӣҲ⡣
УǼеѵðյĹ»Ұ𣿣
uԸ⣬ӻֹᡣ
ʲô
u˵ǣ㲻ƽ֪ȻţȴֻܡҪ԰ӵݻȥû¡ػҡ
˾ҩݣ÷ȥʬǡ
߰Ϩ𣬴˰ʮʬǣȱȫ
зӪ֮Ůǡ
ǵ˵Ϊ˱ˣҲʱջòʹ಻Զټһ档
ϧˣ͵˾סڴˣ˵ýЩտ
ŴǿŴԶȥıӰһԼ˵ԭʵòҲҪ
һδʱͿ̾ͱ˳ȥڶ죬ˣ˽Ŵվڴ˵黰
֣۵黰ܵ˴顣ͻȻҪЦıʹС
İնȤ¥ֻдûȥ˲Żѡõˣϡ
ŰӶ˵Ļˡ
㣡ҴδôһˣҶģ
ÿңҶſһֻ󡣡Ż
㣡䡢ǫ񣡡
Űӡ
Ử·ǵգһʹ
һһͷŮ߹ݸһ˵ǣѹˡ
һգuûɱЩ˵ŮǵǼ̷ǡЩŮڷҩ֮󶼱סֻǲòӴˣ͵˳Ϊ
죬·һҪˡһŮһ·Ĭ
ˣӳ˱˵ﲻڣˡ˵մӹߣûоȻˡ⣬ӡ
ΪҪȥ޷أŮҪķز뿪Ҳܻعȥ
˵ŮǶˡ
ĬĴ·ȺУ뿪ժ¥
û̹ԼǷŮٻȥ̺ˡ࣬ͻ᲻ͣӿ
ҪҾҪ
Ȼ˵ǴģǷ̴İҲд
ѴƵͷϰˣ
԰ôдǷģҲǰȥ̺ģ౾ͲԸ⣡ڱ֪ˣǾ˵ǰĴǰôãôô˵أȥҪ䵽ȥġ
˵Ķԣǡ
uһǱĹŮ𽯺˹ȥ
ӦŮŵĻ˻֮ڻȡеȵ˵ͣɼǲӳȥ
˺͹ŮҲǲǷҵˣȫˡ
ѵǰڷŻǰȥǣɽôˣô޶
ְŻ𣬵ЩߵУûİ
סӹŮһȥ
ĬϽͷ
ǸŮˣ̧ͷuͻȻָ˵
Ĭı˲ð亹
빫ʲôվ󣬽塢¡
ЩŮǵ˶ûã²塣û취ʲôֻǶһЩߡֻڵɽ֮ǰод˻ȥ
ˡķû취˿ͬ飬Ϊº˵Ϊ˱ƺһ̺ŮԾŮʰװŷ˻𡣵뺦ˣڷŻ֮ǰ˺͹Ůǿһţǰĵ·ûͣǲôܳ
ĻǷ
uֵãβȥĥϾתۣȥ
ȿˡɻ빫ӻ𣿡
u̵࣬ҴһַŹЩˣԺȥҲܵתԽ˵ƽʱ־ͺãЩ¾Ͳزˡһ£ĸڼйúܺãֻ˵˰ǵ£ĵüҹ˯á
ѹһ¡˵֮󣬾ͼɫĿһˡ
ô¡ɻ
պ󣬵˵ʢ޽󣬻Ȼ򣬸ž͵
һˣǻһοǽҵˣҵĲǺúõģ٩ɣΪʲôô¹
uɻšһμҾ;ĲһСŮûмȹСбȹϻ۵ģеģ̵ġСӾҲһɫʣַʽȥʶ硣УѾһ硣
һʼûаһӿЦˣɾңֺη壿
uҿСӣ˻ŮˣɶŹȴ֪úסСӣᱻЦŮˣָ졣Ϊ֪Ԥ㹫뷨Żʴӡ
ɣˡһԡͨ쳹֮ܣֻҪϵ֮ڵϣԶɲߡ


133 ⡿ƽһ
𶯣𶯡üʣþȫעҪֶ
ϴŵڴͺΡ
ڳˣ˽Ǹ֮˶ڡѹǮȫˣ·ôûտʲô
~߽ڸŮüǰţϽ󴳽ƿôߣ
һС
һæȥôˣôˣ
ˣŭİüϣ㣡ҿ컭ˣ
ȿѾߵͨˣҪ㣬ҪҪ
~Ͻס˵Ҫ£ûлüʣüմһ㣬һ¾ͺáסС˵ѵÿģ˳ɡ
ߺӲüβһʣղëëüëͲˣ޹üһ˿Ӣ
òãڱĳȫ﷭Ĳ
ôôȥת˸Ȧ㿪Ц˵˵Ҫ·ѽվסһ㣡㻭üëƯ
ȶʱɬס㿪Ҫ
ҲҪ׶㻭Ҳһ˵ǰ
˻ױͷܸԼ͸˻˳ľһֻСɺ˵֬ŶȰü
~Լ£̽˵Ⱦס
Ҫָ׻Ⱦ𣿡û
~л֭СȥȡһֻǵС䣬ȡһֻֻСƿָ˵Һ졢÷졢졭
ȻȾɫҺô£
ˣûƴӸղſװĽ䣺ȥѴ֬ûͿأ
ƴЬýȥŲŰȥѽȸˡ
ҲҪˣһҪȥأȹֻϵĺξþòʣʧϡ
û£ءһȥˣҪúôһ٣ճеС˷ܣ֬ܵǰСָմһ֬࣬Ŷſһ㡪
ȽȺͽڶò˫Ⱦָ׺󣬽ķеĹߣʽ䣺µ𣿡ҲµĽˣȻղߣһЩͨġûôӵ·ǿԵġ
Ѿ˰ɣվȥ·𣿡
ҲȥһۿһСӰڿ֮ϧ֫ŵأŴӱ˵мȥˣ
ŭȣ졣
ܵøˡЩūͱվժǹǰһĻЦ˹⵲סߣܵģ˸ܣץסҪƨˣ
ͷǻģ˵桭˿ɡץסҡΣȥȥȥץӦãתصˡ
䣡ӹվŵ˸ǴЦ
ȥú괭ô䡣ת˼Ȧǰ۾ס˫ۣðɣץҵͷɡ
ǰŽɽҰ䱼ʱһ¾ץͷһ۾ͣˣһΣץͷ˵ǹġӱץƨɡ
һαƨɣӦҲһΡ
ǴκҪͣͲץͷˡץ䡣
۾Ա߽ȺͽڵľסЦȻ͸оһۣһָ϶ǺڵģٿѾվȹˣССȣһֻСᡢС̹
ȥץûͷУܣȻ׷ȥּ۾
һܲˣһͰЦ¸µףץסඣ
˵ʲô׸߸ߡСӣⲻµȤڣ
ңץס죬ˣ£ûعֱ׸ˣ£ÿε¶һ˫ֱ۽ס
ˣ䱧ס˵
۾Ӧһ£ҾͲ
䳤̾˿˵ɡ
ʲôӦ
ʲôӦ
ĵܽղڼУǲˣõ͵͵Ӻ
ڿб۾˵ˡѽ
㲻Ҫüʣü˧ġԭüëƵ⣬ǽһ⡣
䲻ͣĸʹɫһСѽ·డ
϶ڵϹˡ
Ьˣ
ӺҲˡ
ͷʲôࣿ
񡭡Ҳǡ
ܲˣŤͷȻȷʵ罪˵϶࣬ʲô޵ࡣ
תѾﵽˡ
ʧɫľü׷ȥȵȣüëֻһü𣿣


134 
ܼĳдһɫµ˷ڽ˵
俴۰еĽ𻢣ͷ֪ˡӻ֣ǰƽˣĳȥ
ΨΨŵŵĳȥ´󲽽һƨ£ǽɫƣŭԴһƬģǮﶼȡãȴΪЩӾҪĳ㣡
δţֽһ죬пܱ˷֡
ս˵ڿˮĵطȦһƬĵأ˿ľկ˻κ´ͱ˽կУկбĶæȸǵľְ֣սժǹĹʯ˵ϵǸӡ
ҧغһ˦ˡ
𻢣ַԱߵϣŽҽ
һӻʦ۾һλʿ̨ܽѾܾûôĽŲˣվڻϣһӻʦֱժ¥ȥ˵Ľ䣬΢΢ЩԾû뵽Ұ֮онǣֻǴȥһˣ̥һ㡣
뵽ߵһǺǣˣҲС䡣˼Ƭ̣صڣʲôҲûһ
ȽԪ뽯ĵøһ䣬Ųʲżˡ
Ԫδ˵͵ڹ⣬ֻ¼į±Զִֺùˣ
нԪһ㲻Ҳ˲ɢЦҶֳһа취
ղûһЦ֣Ϊʲô湫˵Ǹȥ
ժ¥ڽǰƽ˵Щв㣬ееû͡һƽģҶǵ⣬ΪԼٵġ
ԪĿǰ׷Ĺٻһֻ֣Ȼ˺ܶŴԼС塣ǲͨ롢ңתժǹ
һȥˡһ£Ҫ˵ʲôٻЩϴͿͷͷ
ͷ
֮ͻȻû˻˵
תͷ⣬ҿ֪ʲô飬֪ˣ᲻
ʢˡͻȻ˵
ٲתԣˣ
俴˵뽹ȥɱ̻˵ʢˣΰ̿͡˵ɱūʧˣ˵ʱҼ㣬ˡһЩ̲һƥԴȥһغ󣬾˼ʮƥȷկ
ʢˣˡ
ܾúʲô
ļ磬׶㲻Ҫ̫ˣʢˣĳѾˡ
㱨˳𣬶Ҳزˡ˵д㣬н㡭
ݺݵĴ֪ҵʱͲߣð
ⲻĴ᲻֪ܳʢȢңȴѶ޹ȥȥģҡ
ס죺㣡˵ǽʢãˣˣ
ܽˣ
һץס䣬ݸߡæƽ䣬ߣıǮʳ𣿡
һѽ𣺡ߣȥӴ㣡ˣ
žĸһƣѽˡ
ԼߡϻԽ˵ѰʣΣվȴŰ
ߣϣһ߻ͷ䣬δ
º
ͷ䣬ŵߣһΰģڲӻʲôʱ򣿡
һץҪһܣžžžִ˼⡣
һ¥ݿ̽ͷ̽ԣһĻŵ϶ȥˡ
¼Ҳǰʣ㲻Ҫнȥ𣿡
˴ûô׵ĹŵȶģҡͷһܻؽºԪ㡢뼸ڵѽɫͷ̧ҪԶסȥ뽫ôˣ
˹˵ŭ⽫ūūȥסſڵɪɪ
Цʮֺ棬߽ϸʣηŭ⽫ѧ
Ԫ͹ҲúܣֻѧȽ䣬ֻҿ
ŵֱ׵ȴڷЦЦ꾹һ˿ź澰һۡ
㱾ǽ빫̫Ҫã˵ѽ䵱һūԴʹһ˿Ҳʧˡһ޼ɵĹһõĽպضнԶ
ԪҲЦǿЦҡͷҶƢ
æ˵ССһܴأлģ͸ˡɼǱˡǽ䲻á
Ҳ뽫ãõĲ绹ܸƽϣֻǽίһˣοɡ
ߣҲĿﶼЩŹ֡
룺޲ܹ޴ڲ
㣺ѵг
ʱ˽棺ΰˡ
ΰһԪʹɫεıܵһԣΰݺݵĵһۣŽԪ޵ҶҶʢûˡʢТ⸸ףԼˣ
޵ΰ˼ģ
˲̣ǰΰ岻Ҫ̫ġΰһѻӿҪÿ죬ΰһžҪߵˣȻ˽ţΰǶ˿ڿˮڽϡ
뱻ϵĿˮˣӲһľͷ
ΰƿڴСˣҪֻʹʢˣ㵱Ҿû𣿣
ԪһãϽʾ⹨ѽȥ
ѽϵϣݸһɡĵùˣ㲻Ҫϡ
ߺ޵˶ӵĲңϵĿˮĵ£
壡Ҳ̫ˣ
£ҲӲȥˣ⽯һֶģֱڼ֪ڵ֪Ժ󣬻Ǹʲô飿
ǲǹǰһָǰ󽫾Ҳ̸ں档һ󣬾͵תͷȥ׷򽫾ҷҲҶ̫ԶŹתתȥ
㿴һĻҲֲ幫ͽ䵽ǺûǲˣһֱԽ䣬ĵģٶҲġ
ù鼸²ˣʲô㣡
㣺ļҽ𣿹ֲʢĴš
ˣȥǸ˸ߣӵ
æס̨ףһָ÷ˣȥ߿ߣ


135 
ҹûѾʧȥˡôͲı̣ڲ֪ΰΪʲôǰȶȥڹ̽Ϣͽݵġʱҽ˽ݡһʱǲµġ
תȦͻȻԽºȥ
ͷҪˣУʲô
ƥһǰһ˽º̨ǰܣȴŽ¥ݣºܿ׷ˣ죬žֱܽӴϣ
²ˣæסڱϣͷƤ϶ʱһʹһŽܽºΣգһ𿸣ܷŽһԣ
еĽԪΰһ
⡢⡭Ԫվһͽ붼ˣΰ޵ſڵϣߣֻԼǰ˵米
ԾǰҲֻж裬ۿǵһ ׼ǰָͻȻһΰڵأһ侲
ΧŽתѹſڽϣüĿ˫ۺᡪίòˣֻץסͷţһ֪϶۵ֵĲֹȳ⹫Ͱˣ۵ģҲѹúñڱϣ΢΢㿪
Ԫ磿ߵ
۵һң˺öﶼң
úúãúúáԪдϲĽļ磬ȥ֣òãҪץͷкö㡣
ɿ֣ԪҪӶģӽ䱳ϻ
˳ƹڽԪǰߵ
ԪַٿȫǽӵĵҲ类ɣŤ˵ĹڶͷϣЦôô㣿Ҳ㡣
䴹ͷ˵
Ԫϲ⸱Һӡ
ΰ˳Ϸŭأʱˣ
ԪæŭʢӲǼ뽯̫޹ء
ԶԪϣ棬˵˿ֻǽΰΪ̿ǽɵģ
ΰһҪεӣˣһֻԳŽѹҪ壡岻ҪԴӽûعңԽҵһ֪ΪģСͳݽ뽯ʢֵУҷֱסΰƽ˼ݱ֮⡣
ΰҶڷǺúõģһһûˣռ˷ǻҪҶҪϾɱ죬޵찡ۿɣ
ԪҲͬԼҪˣ
ΰصĿ˺һ󣬺ŽĿڽºһƬ
ԪòҼǵýӣʱù¿ţҲΪãֻԽ⽯ˡ
ΰֹ˿ʢ⣬ĺӶɲţʢ֮£ΪΣ̶
ԪǸվ뽯˶ϵɡ
ΰصĳ粻ĲΪˡ
⻰Ǻصˡ
ԪҲ⶯ݣԷΰͿظ͹ԹԵıڵȦԱ߽Ӷɳˡ
ԪЦãǰѽòã
ĺëˡ
˳һͷ仰˵һŨüۣ縵ۣݰףкøС
˭װ֪
СԪЦҶϲҲɳ档
ı鶼ܽˣ˿ǧҪң
ߣתߣԥһ˲²Ҫ˵빫ţҲֻøȥתʮ߰˸ͷһ̡֣
һǰһĳȥջߣԪ΢˼Ŀô㣬Ͳ
ҡҡͷ
ԪǿķǣˣΪʲô
á
ԪȰҺԽ̫ģһ룬ڹҲʲôҪЩͷſˡý俿Ҫô
ͷ˵ټˡ
ԪϲĿֱ֣δ
ҴȥӺµ˰ʳˣиǰǿˣʹȥ˸κˣκǸˣΪͰʳˡһκҴʳټסܡìͶˡ
κأԪʡ
ʳˡ
Ԫɱˡ
ֵĿһۣǲΪʲôô˵Ŷ˵һȥȥ׷
Ԫǹ⣬Ǻ棺㲻Ϊʲô
ɱˣԵʣ
Ԫһɱˣ
Ƕ·ȥǿˣó׷ɱ
ԪǺˣ
¡
ԪմãڹڹｪǷ뽯͵ģлûз뽯ֵǮ΢΢̾˿罪䰡һ䣬Ѿ֮ϲˡ
뵽ʲôҪģߵ㡣
̹
ȴ̵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôáҵģ϶õġ
һֱĬĬŽڡԹҡ˵һҲܵõò롣
ָǰҡ
˺һڳһ䵭ð
㱳
ˣԥǰ£ҲжͷһܵûӰˣʱͷ͡
»ȥϹεֱңӣ㡣һˣ˻أ
ʹ˵˵Ǹʴȡơ󷽡˭
ˣҴһصУʮ˵Ҷأ
С˶£֪ʱˡ
ԪţҶ׽ŪˣҪ
С˲ҡǰܾôϲ쿴ȴΪĹۣûο֮ǰʧ
ڶգΰʹŶˣԪҲ˼˼Ŀ˾䡰Ӣšȴûڹ٣ֻʱ档нˣҲ£͵ϷŮ
ܿժ¥ŮǵıԹȻʹ˵ΰӶɲţ˵Ǵţ벻Ȼô
ô󵨣ʽ¡
ɫصȷʵˡ˵毺õĹŮ£ӲֶţŮͻᱻ򡣡
ǣ
Сˣ㰡
Զˮϣһ֧֧ɫĺҶŰ̸ͤͤ׵ĹԣԱ׷һ״ªˣһĻɫҪÿöࡣ
ûۿǰϻôˡŻǽҵġҪôҪôǴޡ
ǰߡ
Ϊ˵һܵĹŮŮ˵ļ˺ɫȹЦһ˿αװ㿴ֱӻûʮ
һƾ˹ȥյûоµĹŮȴ˹һϲ
ҲûʧһӾ֮˵ĺ׳ȥ
һ޴òأȴðһңϣ¶壬´һ½¶֪˭Ҳ㡱Цݣԭǹ
Ůæվˡ
ҪץŮƵŭе㲻Ҿɱ㣡ָΧڿֵ˵ȥץ
Щȷʵʶ棬ǰڽʱСĴΪأ⹬еĹŮЩżṴһģҲǴ¡
ǾðһƹһЩ˶ˡʣ¼ʱҲĻԥ
ŭǲǣ
Ӻ磬˵ɱɱ
浹Ҳɵңûо£תͷָŽЦ㳤ôҲŲҪ㣡Ǽ޸ңҲöЩòŮ
˵ʲôϡ滰Ҽ㣿
㲻Ҫ޸ҴҴ粻Ȣ㣬ھֵˡڼ˵˽ʢҪȢ£ڽʢˣֱ;øȢˡ
ŮҪһЩȻ֮ǰǸһҴˡЦ˵꣬ͷͻȻһŴӣ
º쵽˽ºŶ˵˽ӵͷһ£Ƚӵغȥ˼š
Ԫеͷˣʣӿɻã
æ˻š
ԽԪݼֻһСڽǣӵ¡
˵Ż˵ˡ
Ԫһָͷۣܼ󡣡
֪𷣹ҲԸΪ淣˵ûǹһṳ֮̆˽棬ǹҲûд
ҺýڹеоҲ֪һ㣬󣬴ȵһܡ
ԪǾͽĺˡ˵Ҫ㿪Ѿˡ
ǰס󣬵ͷһҾ󡣡
첽ƿܵԪǰ£ԪϽתʼͷۣ󺰵ðģ
ԪһҲˣǰʣ˵ʦģ
öնĵ˴ʮȣǲң丸ĸ̵
ֹˣͻȥýΰúý̵
Ԫԥһ£ǰ𽯺󣬡˽й˺ա
ףĵҲһο֪棬ǹĴ
ȹȥȷʵ˺Ľͥǰ˿ִʮȲͻؽңҲòţ뽯ΰƺ
ԪҲˣǽ滹𣿡
Цзִ磬ֻ˽°ֲͣȶһȣ󰭡ʮȴѪҿҪοһźá
ȽԪȥ棬ΰȻȥѵ⣬ѽΰ˸һʱڹϷŪŮײ𷣵½֪š
ңΰ˵
Ц̧ͷſϡ
ΰ֪̾ΪͽȥôӶԽҷģԽܷãû뵽ôȥ˼ͱͻˡ
˭ðˣ
ΰҲ֪ëתͷԽ𣿡
ͷ
ΰһ¾Ͷˣǰﲻã˿Ϊɡ
ԽƢôŹǿЩɵӲŲٷ
Ȼݣް鷳Ǳ°ֻͣԺ˵̫ˡ
뽾ƿѱģ
ΰ̲ˣָ˵


136 Ӱ
صлСŮӭߣ쿴ж
ȥһҲĿǰǰˡСֻҪһ裬е˶ȥ
ûֹֻһŮֺģİ콵Ů裬ͣת·һͻƶ
Χȫס¾뷲ŮʧҲ
ϣͣ£ϡȫǺˮ򽯺Ц㣡
ŴӸղŹлع׷̾
ܿٱ飬ôǰȥˮȥʰһ¡
Ůһӵϣӵȥ·ĦɣŮ˵һ˫ŶΣʮͲ·ҪԶ˵Ҫ˵ĴۡҲҪһֻԶ۵ˣС֮󣬾Ҫ˫ʱ
󾲾ţֱɫһ˵һֱڵ𣿡
Ҽ˽棬Ӧøһ˵
ɫȻ仵ˡǸҹͬŮϱһڴǰſϣв
ð˹˸ִʮȡⱲӶվˡɭ
ʱʢ⣬ΰֻнһӣĸ̫ˣò֪ߵغﶼС˵ʢ֮ȥΪ˲Ծ㽯Ǳ뵽ķǶ˵ʲô
ףŸ׿ߡͽǳܸƽϡС£Ҳû취вƽô죿ʱ
ǰ˼룬ȥ˽롣УͬǲǾͿأ
뵱ʱҲϲϥϣֻǶһͷˣתȥϡ˵Ժסݺһ٣汻Դ׵ϣ۾һ죬ٶˣ²Ժ󲻼ʲô⣬ĸҲҽۡ͵͵˵û뵽ܻʱרԴȥġ
һǽԸģѾˡ
ĬΣ㣬ҵˡ
ĺɻʼỨʱͿȥˡ
һձһůеĹŮѽȹᱡĴŮ壬ʹɪɪҲ˲Ŀѡ
ˮϿݰܵĺɻˣˮһ˸ɫ֦ɫĺҶɫɫĺɻŰԼˣ΢Ĵ
ժ¥ϣǰʯߵ׺ɫĺҶɫĺɻɾһ
ֻԶճɽ̿Щɷ羰
մӽºڸվȥһˣȥ˾ҽڽСӼͶòӰڽԪߡ
ܶ˶ڴ˵ѱ㵹
ߡ
˵Բˡ
⼸ȥײ룬ֻҪ룬Բ϶ÿɫͺڵ̿һ
Ц׾
ԲûѾˣҲȣ
Һȣ
Բһֻ䣬㲻ȣԽ⹫Խ~ɱȱ~󵨶ˣ~û취Ųò뽯ãȥ룬ճǰ
ڽǰһ죬̲סˣô죿
пһۣһ¹ڣСɵͷںСѥӣ¿ɰ
Ҳȥġ͵Բһʼʾˡ
ԲЦ֪㲻ǣֻ̫ˡɡģֺôֺù빫ӣ޳ȥ֧㡣ģʲô
Ҳô֪ܲ
Բ̾ҼܶˣЩĴĶˡϣһЩģҲܶԼЩֻһŮ˰
ʱū̹׾ƣһ̿Ѽ
ԲȫŵԼǰ԰ū˵֪⣡һ
ūЦ˵ū֪Ҳ
Բ۽˵˵Ϣ֪
ūſ䲻Բ˼֪Ϣǹϲġ
ͷ̲ס˵һȻ̫ˡι󣬵⻹̲ˣọ̈̄βҪǮһƴš
ūͽȴϲԡ
Բֿһۣ̾ë̵źóԡ
ʱ򣬴Բ˿Ҫطˡ䣬ЦԺЩͲյˡ
̫ˡ̲ס˵һߣҾͰЩȫ
ԲӪˣġ
ǻӪ޶԰ɡ
ҾͿҪˡԲ˹˵ס͵ŮˣǷӡ
һʱûӦǷҵһŮ𣿡ҽ
Բ˸ۣȥ˷أĹŮ겻˫ʮֻĹĲˣǸǷǡ
֪ΪĸϢ𾪣ΪʲôҪȥأ
ԲŹֵĿƺôû뵽ȻǻɷϷթ治ϷģҲȷʵˣ˺ͻ˻ݡ
Ϊ˱סܳˣϧǡԲЦ˵Ϣ𣿡
Բߺ󣬽˰죬ʵΪʲôҪ
ҪԸ͵ҪϹ۰ɡߣϣϢ
еĶˡ
ϢѽȴӷҴ䣬Ϻء
Ȼ֪ȶһҲδܹúãֹסȥ룬жá
Բص봦žͼ뿴ͷҸ߹ˡ
ϲаѱڷu͹Уֻǲ֪ʲôu͹̬̫ˡ֪ͺˡ


137 ƽ
빫һСͯڽºǰuһ۾ͿˡոůСͯʹһոµĽ£һбڻһȦëҲκģһɽ壬ֶ涾ߵޣС壬ǽЩ˼ܽɳûڹĸϼô壻һһһСɰСǮȴһʳ졣
빫ӣūū㡣СͯЦӯӯ˵
Ҳֻժ¥ĹСͯŻôġСͯڹУһ˶һϳϲˣһ·ҲΪ
uͷ·ɡ
Сͯıǰ棬·ĹŮˡܿһѻŵĺɻ͸Ҹղɵģȥɡ
Сͯʩһ񣬽ӹЦһϲлл硣
Ҳһˡ
湫ƣҲֻڵ˽̸ʱһ乫󷽣ǲ֪ʱ򣬹ѾȻȻϲ˹
Сͯժ¥ڻжʳ𣿡
Сͯͷ˵Ҳ𣿡ͷÿնУԾЩ˾ֻܾԱˡ
uôʳ
Сͯ˵Ͱöأ
uͳһҶ˭͹㡣
Сͯӹص˵Ҳ㡣ȻЦˣһһ߻ͷu
uȻʧЦûϵСͯ˻顣
ܽȥӭ빫ӣôܻˣôˣɫԡ
¹˲ܵ¥Ͻߣͳн빫֪˭㣬
˵֪ˣлл¡ˣá
¸˵ˣæҪ¥ʱ˸ۣӱСȥǲˡ߸ߵ·
һŷuˡ
uһҾ˦£ڿʲôǰһû˿ĸ˵
ڿָ⡣
ժ¥ӸԶԶĿͥУһйŮ֫üϸԺлһֻɰһźҶ裬ʱųһУʱųһУʱΧһȦϡһ
uҲǰһ⡣
쿪ʼˡ˵
ŮٶųһУȻһһǰתȦĺɰᴥ棬һеû취ôЩæҡ
ÿת򻹲һʱ津أʱǲ津أתȦٴһΣҲܺһ
衣uЦߵ룬չֻ䣬뿴ŶŲ֪Ǹ䣬˲ֻư㻮棬û֮ǰתٴֻӷ˸󻨺ٴӹ棬ת˰Ȧֱ۴󻮹ȦĴסΣȻǺշһûסû壬ֱѾֱת˰Ȧ
վ뿴øЩȴ̤űȸղŸһĵĲٴһαһθ졣ֻ䣬һתֻͣ֫紺ճѿ֦һ裬˲ȥ§ס

һֻ̣ǿǰ赸˳ѹĵ׵ʹ˺Ķǰ˶ȥ
ȷuɫ죬ǺͣʱŻع
ˡuϣ½󣬺Ĳʣǰ裬ǰˡ
ƽ˵֣Ϊûʲôܴˣû뵽ֻһ֧ΪʹʵҲûô̡
uƾϣЦ棺鵹Ȥĺܣǿ翴ŮӸ豾Ůÿ̾ǰ˵裬⹬Ҳиˣ֪ռʱܲܿһչˡ
ռ³֣һաů͵ʱһ죬ǡնټҵҰӱߵȵ档ҲڴռҾͻһºһҵĴ
ֻҪ̫ĴμӴռġǰûκһΣֱҲ޷ߡ
ԪʱҲ϶ȥġ
ĳǺ£һϣu뽪֮޵ĵ·ʧˡ
һˡ
uãĳĸ
֪͵˭ˡ
uĿϵ鲻ʣҲɣĴƽ
ڣ㲻һڲż˰ɣ
⣬ǼĹŮˤ˶ѣŮӷ׷еĺɰˣЦˣĴ
΢Ц
uǴϢ֪˭ģûи߱ˡ
һ䶼ʲڡ
һúչ͵ġڴ΢Ц£ʱ
䡰Υˡ
uصʱѾϼ죬·ȥ˼ơӦǲ֪ģԴĺһҲ⡣ܱϵģҲֻнˡǵ⻹ǰ㽴
ȥ˷
ڶ飬ͷ򣬡ջ
գĸס˵
ͷһȥ
¡ˡԾסһԺʮŮ̺ÿջзŮȥ˵̵һЩʶ·˵̸¾ֹδʮ꣬ʱǲзһͬˡ
Ҳÿһ˯ǰȥҲȥ˵һȻǺһϵĲ衣
ռʱҲȥu˵
ٴεͷôһһȥŶӣʲôһ˵
ҷ͵˭ˡuס˵
ϳɰӺ󣬾÷ǼٰӵͷΪ˴Ϊ˷ӪϣӴġ
󣬲žԼ˶µ¡˸ףָ塣ԺƳ̾˿۾ʲôҲû˵
֮ͳȫҵܣһܱҴ¡
ǹģ
uͷ
ô֪أʡ
uҡͷʱ乫һֱڹֻһνҲֵġһֱڸֻȥǴˣ֪˭Ҳ֪͵ʲôԥһ£˵ժ¥öʳ˵ϰߣйŮˣֻ¶ȥ
˵ͷͻȻuԴЦͷûлġ
u̧ͷЦ߸̾˭뵽أԶʳĿ主֮٣Ȼ£˰̨ġ뵽գǸˡվͯȡˮڣԸˮмЩ¶
ʲôuӹͯˮ裬ôôˣҪӻ¶
ʰһ£ͷͿ֬֬uУף
Цȥˡ
uڵϣס˫ȣˣ
ĪΪҺǿãҲжղĸˣɡѷuһЯȥ
˼ˡĹǲģഺõױʹòǴƵļ۾ϼɬ
ŮĲ°ݣе񲻺ÿŮķ£һӭ
˶ˡַŮǷ˱նԷ˸ܣͻ߿ˡ
ˣǵĶӡͷݼĸסָŷu˵
uǰû濴ߵŮֻǵǿݻƵͷͷƿɳµòʱٿǰŮվڸߣǸײ
˷סĸסֻʵ˼꣡
ϲߣ
uҲݣǰ棺ĸףˣ
̽ͷ·ָֽţڱôãÿùһ׶һҲΪ˵ģԼʱáתͷһϸķһɡ
ķǷѡ̽ȵŮҪ̵ȵоֹҪһһСȥﶼ벻Ҫʲô˵ʲôҪʹŰġ
ķͷȻ
uѵʮְĸףķʱɲҪһʹ
ķЦģҵȻ
ЦĸףѵΪżȻһʧҲҪ̫ˡ
һһʧҡ
ķ֪⻰˵ģæʹ˸ɫƽɷǰôôţŮʱǰʱͷ
סļ磬ȣϢɡ
ŲĴŽȽȥˣҲˡ
uʵڲ֪øʲô飬ǰķģЦǺǵСܵˡ˾ǷˣԭҰҲǸڴߵģݹȻЩͣѾзuˣĺҲӰʲôοС˿ĵģͿ
˱иõĽȣݹǻһˡǲεĹͣоֹ
ڽϸ
ϸӽͲһڽʲôҲûȴԾĲͣͷ
ǰķҾһ˵ȻǵˣǵСʱһŻζĻĸҪϣҪСҪͣҲǸ˱һ㡣֪ʱͲˡ
ķϲ㣬Ҳϲġ
ķͷڵϣ빫ģһúչ˷˵ġǷҵķˣ۸Ǿǿҡ˸˵棬˾Է˲õġ
üС˻𣿡
СǷǰޣuĸ
ķƽСѾˣ˻ºء
أ˵С˵Ӻء
칫ӴС̧ŽŴӳˡķЦ˵ãҶлͷȥˣҪԼȥȡ衣
ӭߣķ͵СʱǺҵ̳ģҴ˻ͷ̺ˡصģǲ÷ίġˣҲصġСǸպ󲻺ˣҲúðٷ˵ġҲ硢ΰҲɱޣʢ泤ˣȻɱޡҲ룬ɱӣôѹ޸ǴĸҼޣΰҲȢ
ҸˣպҲǰ㡣
૵
ķһƲ죬Сʱˣ˯ʱԱ˶һųţѹޡҾ͸ôС
ڽߺȻǲԷҶһġ
ķصңȥ˷
Σ
ķǸˡҲǡ㿴ǻͷİ취ڷҾ͵ų°ɡ
̾ˡڹ벻˹ˡҲ֪¡
Ǻ͹֮ﵽƽ⣬˫˲ܱҪҪƫƫڶԷϡ¹ԷĽڷңǡȻܷķڹУҲ޲ߡ
ǽҡ
òڻʲôֻµȽ׼еʱ򣬷ҵʱɻеֿ֮


138 ױ
ɽϿҰͷĻ͵ˡ
ҵŮǳţֵֶĻµ̤ռҵŮҲ˷۰ȹʻױͷ촽աǳȺ⣬ŷݡɴѿ̤ųӭĺɫҡʱڣСӣͷ׵ͷӣֻҪܶŹҲ⣬СӡСӣȥ׷ǵŮӣҿǣøǵĹͷһ۾ˡ
Ԫڵһˣµ¹ڣȾͷϸޡ룬üٷһ٣ˮױԺūЦĿûбȴˡ
ģԪȴôšͿ˷ۺ֬˫ҲιˣΪܸеġѾ˺ܶ׼չһ죬ֻܴӸ߸ߵĳǽϿͰһһ
ǺǼʫ𣿡ūСѡ
Ԫͷȱūļʫ˺ü׸衣Ȼô峺Գ軹мŵġ
ǾһʧˡʱֻҪʫٳ׸裬֮ڳˡū˵
ԪĲɵĵ˵ͷȴ··֪ĺǴʲô·
ūαصģѾǣһúôġ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ򷢳ĿŴ͸壬ƽ񣬵ɵĹ£ȻǺ񣬵ϣ침ֻŲˡ
ķͷ̹㴩·ϵٰϣ۵ľЦˣˣȻ̫ˡ·оŮεġ
㷭˸İۣŵȻֻܳ˳ĳеǰ³ʱ˷ҵĳuҲôӳ˻࿴ԷЩЦá
˵ʼ־һͬĿҫӢ䲻ΰɣ
ԼˮҪˣ̫ҲҪˡ
u˿ڲ裬ʱ
ԪͺȥӭһӭҶ飬ųҲģһҾҪеĶֱ߲׳
u͹㶼ЦҲ˵˹ºҽ¡
Ԫװ֪ЩͽȥȥӭһӭҶ
ֻ¹Ͳء
uȲ衣ǾŹ濴˽ֻ¹Ҫʲôˡ
ߴ٣òǰժ¥һܻ˵Ѿˣ
ǹ·ϵͷһͿһƥһСŮ߰˸ӹų
ͷûдϵǱɰһ·ܣеڵأ·˷׷ǰʰЦĴͷϡ
ȹܹȥʻ᲼ݵ
ʲô
˺֮£ĸŹͣժǹǰͺˡǰ
ôˣ㲻ˣֵ
ܡǿ췢ˡ
ʱһܣк˰Ҳ˽ܵû˵ĹڣС˵һŮӲҪ˵ֻ
ҪϷţڻµкܶ͹øԡ
Ҫȥ̤ˣ˵ԪȥһҪȥҪȫǵǰ׷ܽͼʲôŵİѱðײá
ãҸȥ䱧վ˽һЩòȥŸɾ˸š
ܽϲŭԥԥĿüۣ͵͵󣩵ĵ˽ü۲ųȥ
ôˣֵ£󺺶Խ䲻Ǻ
ǮӦ˺ܶ£ΪҪ㣬ѾôҺóʱˡں˵
ģͲ⣡취һ£ôҪôԲں
˵Ҳ͡˵Ҳ͡ѵڳǮȫˣһֱôȥֺôڴԽԽͰˡ
ºúЩ
½˵׼ˣͼͷ˽һơ
һۣƫȥСָӡˣȥ˵
¸ϽȥˣùԽҲ̫ˡ
֪½ĽŲſ׼ʱģ˵𣿡
Ķû֪˵ǲԺҲؽˡ൱˴أôǮָˡ
˵ʲôζôСֻڶ»ñĶ˦ʹ㣬ֶöˡ
ֲģסֻ֣˵Ҫȥ̤ˣ
ֲѾ˰ɣ
һСĶָŷġ
ŷҳһšﱾֻȸūǰֻ̿ȸųֻȸ̴
õýǹľū˭Ҳ֣ǽͽֹĺͭòŰֻ񾪿
ÿ춼ôһֻ¥£һֻ¥϶ûá˵Ϊ˿ȸҲгģ¥ݲϣֻҪһֻĽͶ־
֣ûĸȸǶʲô컹һȡůһײϡ
ŲЩС£к˰ǣһţѽһţȥ˵ߣһ˾ǰͥЩܿѵ˲ܣˡ
Ʋˣ˱ǣſ׷ײҲˣ·ʱϣߵʲô·УҰûѱͲͬնˡ
ײΪƵģܿˣײ˻ȥУͲһʶܿ˦ơ
Ƹ߰Ľкͬ飬һ߷׷
ǲΪˣ
ЦƣҲˣ
ƺˣ׷ɵľԽһȻһӾͰͷߵһᣬһģЩˤ
סڵϴ˸Űȫˣɻͷһֳˣƥû˸ҲƳƿ´˵Զһ߼С
Ƶڽ˭ûͷϳǰװõȫ׷ˣȥ̤ؼ˯ءһȥˣˡڽϲ
ΧľūЦ
ʱײ˼磬ʱҲ򡱲ߵۡ
ҸΣҹԹԴŲҪ˻һ䣬Ҹһժǹ·Ҫ
һڵϲˣ̹ȻҾȲˡ
ƺƥȻʤȯգȥ棬һʼڵڸ棬ΧƵƨš
Ŀɿڴƽ䣺ô£
̧ͷһۣأŶ
ĸƸƥ֪ҰһҲ䰡
żͻȻƮӰŸ߰ϤĽֻ޴̿ȸƥ˹ȥûôΪУмͷܡ
ڽǣŵĺ
Ҳڵֵżˣȥֻ׷ǲ׷ϵġҲеΣô죿֪ƺֻȸôãժ¥ֻһ飬ҲˡԺȶһż˯һ
ġֱȥ·ɡ
һūҪø䡣̤̤Ĺŵ̾ͶˡЦˣҲġѽŵϣ׼ϣһԾˣԭء
ιС
˭㶺ϻͷЦ˵


139 
ػժǹ»ױַһһװأȻܷŹס
´˽伸ۣߵʰһ£Ȼͽȥϴˡ
Ϊ⽪ܡѹסڽȥǰְϣ½һ۾ӳȥˣվڵľ𿴵ʣôˣ
ùˣҪҪȥȽ˵žҪνϽסϸʣסˣ
ҡͷûСȥʹɫء
ˣ
ûС
˭Ľ
ͼͯ
ˣͷİɣںͽأδ䣬ڴĽǸң
¸ϽȥͨȺͲٿˣΪܶЦͯġ
죡ѹסȣ
㲻Ҫ굽ģ
˵Ҫ롭
ıӸ䲻
һסܣܽʱû졣
ȥ²⣬Ƚˣ
þȡɣ̫ȷŵ˵
һʱ󣬽ˣ¸ӭȥЩϣ𣿡
䲻ȻŸ޵ĺӣһһֵͣġһĵϲ˲ʱƹˣ°ᣬһ£ˡ
Ҳˣһǰһ޵
ֻͷȫͷһ٣ԹԳ˿ϵסᣬࡣ޽޵ñֱĺӵ޵Щ̣ȴԵþɣСһޣˡ
ϺҲͿ˷ۺ֬Ҳ֬֡ŽʮϴȵܲƵָͷ
ֱ̰󣬶ݺݵĵֱѸ¶ߡ
ָڻأ׶Ȼ˵ָ׷̫࣬ЩСëˢˢָ죡Ҫǲ¶ţʱֲŶҲˢˡ
ĳⲻǺܺ𣿡ôһ磬
û취еƱϣԼʱɫֱˣʲô
ϹֻĻ䡣
㲻֪ܹʱϲŮǲܼĻȻ̬˵
ҲҪȡ
ϡ
¿䣬ٿְ̽ѻȡˡ
͸ˡ
ֳ֮һƬĻҰ
ﵽˮûгֻмҰ壬ɢΧɽԸ֡Ϊ֪һ³ϲڳ⼯ӣѸصıֳ֮ıҫ䣬ɵʱڳĴػ˴룬ϴҪô֮󣬰ѳĴȫǨˮȥӴ˳ҲûдҲûˡ
Ұݳøïʢγѵõ˵֣ĴһδļҪӶܵڵĳǳزУֳôãⲻʮǡ
ڣƺֳǵ˶ˣһЩˡϤסЩ˽첻ǴŻģǴ³һȺУƯŮӺкӣǰϵԷ
ȻĳһġΪȸҲƷɳˣƺĹظǡ
ھɫĸߵϣһԪͷu˾û֮ģ˶ߡ߾Χ˴ŮûˣвֳֹǱˣˮͷǵ˶ˡ
ڼ֮󣬷u͹㶼ԳѾ׳󣬰̨ø˴
вţ׿Ȼδ飬ȻкܶŮڱ׷޴ɶ㣬ȫǺ
֡աԹͷu˵̫ңԶˣ˶Խľּ̬ɣһָűŮΧµĽЦ
һůĴ紵˵ë
uȥϵ⣬һƣæţͶԹҳȥɢɢ
㿴壬Цһָ
uȡ㻳һͷˡ
ҲֻЦһЦѵõӣҲַuݷѹ
uȺߣһǻ̲֮䣬ڣͻȻȺб޴ѭȥ
տӹֻ޴ġϼʱΪɽˡ
ӭܹȥʱʱ䣬·ڸʲôˡܵȺУںʲô

񣡡
æȻµĵط˹ԶıӰ
Ǿ
ƷֵĽԽԽߣܵԽԽ졣ͷĿȸҲõĽţʱɸߣʱӵͣϷŪơ
е̫ͷˡ
Ϊֹһֻֻˡֻ̿ȸǸƵģֻĸͬĺɳ󣬾ˣֳһƬҰϲòˡţܵ仧ġ
ˣôʱҲԵ߾߰ɡֳһ£ץǡ
ȿ˷񡣱ͷuڹеʱã˸ˡŮеĹժǹĹ£Ǹ˽⡣ȻһʼҲţֻһ죬һֻժ¥ıϣһһܣ䵽ǰͥŹȷʵ񡪡ֻǲֻ֪
˲֪Ķվ
ճ̤˶ӿ
ԪվִʱͻȻһ
㿴ɫ֪ʲôˣû뵽ͷȴȥˡֻݣëÿЩûͨܶʲôãʲôʱɱİɡ
߹ȥЦ˵˾ɫظ뽫޳ȥˡ
ԪЦҶףĺֱڹµİߵ⣬Ϊ
ĵùҲɣ֪˿ˣΪΪֻ½չ󣬽ϾͻˡߣСֺα⣿
ſԼȥ档ҲһǰݼԪ


Ԫ䣬ȥ֣ôһ߽ԪͻȻһкֻۣǷ۸ǵú񿴲̫
ѲԸĽйĶԽ˵·Ը㡣
ŬάŷȣҪˮˣȥ
ýýʲôˣ˵ӦõҲɣ
ôǰصıҪõö࣬ȥȡ٣Զһĵط
һ٣ΧȻΧŮӡһʼҴŹҲ⣬ͽΧ£͵͵ûϥ
֪أýȥϴ¨
Ҳء

һ;ˣΧĻҲŨˣĻҲԽԽˡһʼֻϥӣʼͷӣӵϵģȵĻ̨ĺɰʱˣ
̧ͷŭĵǰĹ߹Ȼֻ¨иŮΧߣӻ¨ûеİѻ͸еΧŹ໨Щȫ׸˹
Ĳǹ͹ߵŮˣüСͯС򻨣Щ͸Ů󰮡
ӣôˣͻȻֶûˡ
ڷʲôطˣϲ׽Ū֮ǰŭ
ҲǹϷֵļˣ͵վ˦־ߡ
ŮǶһ׷ױܿ
ץ
һ֪ðǰץססֽţǰ
һߣԪ͹㶼ȵҪˣץ
ͷǰ̧˵̫ˣҪܴùץ
ԪЦԥûпڡֻҪûȢͷҪҲ޲ɡ
ԪѲɣϵ˺ôģ
ͷ˵С
˰ˡԪ֣ȻҶҪɡ
ǱսͣͲù༸ءֻ⼸ժ¥תͻᱻ߬ˡ


140 ۱
ֳİǶ֪ǡСӡ
ܴ裡ǡǡ
ˣ
ʱǼֺץסԭأһֱݣȻ˽ߣ̬֮ĺŮӽ̸ͺֻһ裬ϲͿߡ
ûܹô裡
ڹ˽ʱõ˿ȻûΪǼֵ£㼸˻ΪţΪЦ̸
ڵڶʹӹӻ˽ңװˡ
ȻԼٶȥġ顱Ҳ˿ڶഫ֮һ
ﲻü
ĴС˵ҿװȥյ˺üݡŮ˵ҹﻹء
Ǳ׷ôôС䲻
ˡΰ߽˵æվӭӣôˣһСӣ˯һҲͺˡ
ΰȥ
ΰ߽ʱŴȫգʵʵģֻһСչŮΰŮЩԥû˯ãڸո˯š
ΰϣ
Ůû취ֻýȥѽ
꣬ϴ߳˫ۺףɫΰһҾСʧˡ
ΰ⡣
£˻Щ㱣ֻҪһ裬ΧȫΧ۵ˣǶһ£;ȫѪӿͷϣǰһƬѪ졣ʱǱţһѽѾѹɱˡ
뵽Դ˹ʼ¡ɱ˹ֻ½ҾҲŻˡ˴ͷuļƻұػΪʸ֮ġ
ΰβˣ⼸춼ûкúóԶ嵭ٳһ㡣
ǰҡҡͷ
ԡΰ˵С¾ʳʣ
̵İǰβ˶ˣ֮Ů˿һġ
лһţֻ˰Ҳʲˡ
Ů˽ְǰùԼˣӳȥˡ
ΰԶʱû˵ˣΰſڣڣ˰ɣ
̧ͷ
ΰǰʮԴ󡣡
˲ͺˣһǫ飬Ϊʲô˵Դ
Ϊǽӵܣ֮ӣѧ峵һϸɣԣ˲̸²ۡǴвԵĵطҲֱ棬Բԣ
ףһ㲻ʣѵ𣿡
ΰ㻹ǵɩ𣿡
Ȼǵýĵһϡ
ϵ걻ʱýƸɩҲһҲϲ硣ΪߣԼҲˡһֱǰ硣Ķ𣿡
ⲻһȢǻӡҲܶɩʲô綼
ǹҲûΰ
ʱɫøѿղųȥĶθ﷭
Թ⣿Ҫ㣬Ķΰ˵
죬̲סܳȥܿʹŻ
ΰ
ܿɫҰ׵ıŮǲ˻ɪɪһɺϮȫ
ûҲûǹĻˣ壬Ҫ˳ӹ
ǽΣǴĹ
ѧʶԨΣҪ飬ѵһˣ
ߣ֮־Σ޸֮ū׽ܡ
ŽΰһĵĻ·⣬Ǿʯͷ¶˼ٷˣǻ̻ܿһСӡ
ΰգٻΪңǽҵĬӦ֪
֪
ԲηԣԼҶӻΰϣô
૵ձعݼ
Σ
ҪΣұΡ
ΰ״еѰգȡ
ڶ죬߳šøĿ˳ߡ·˺͹Ůڿ͵Ц
ľȻڰ񹬵ϣͻȻŮһ˵񣡡
ѭȥȻһֻվժ¥ıϣҫۡ
Ǿȥء
˵⼸칫ȥǶɹȥء
˼ˣٿֻ񣬼һʶĿһôµ£ҲܵӰ졣
һֱ̫Դ˰ɣ
ºӭͿ㣬ʩһЦڼ߹ˣ
ûΪϵ衣
԰棬̫ʷЦˡ
㿴֪ûתѵýҳôһֱˡ
ȤÿȥҲ죬ϡ죬תȤٶˡ
ǣСӵ¡
ЦЩ㲻֪ж˶Ľء
ĵͺĽ˵סܣ̾˵飬Ȼϲ飬͸úú
Ը鹫
ƺ˶ΪԸҪûǡôĻӦá㲻ңҲΪ衣
췢ºƷǰʶ磬µ磬䣬顣
߽ºһĴȤ볰ЦǵҶ
æСԲλ࣬ð
uЦǹеĺЩŻᶢ
Ҳƽʱ㹫Ҳ޷˵࿴㼸Σ;ûôˡ
ڵеҲЦƽţԼôһҲ߳ˣƤһҹ֮ͱˡ
վڴʱʱĴ׵нӹݵۻˣͻ
ʵһֱеˣÿ۵»ûϹuʹȼ˵ҪɻһĹ򣬷ʳĳһеһ½ڡһӣʱϺü죬ࡣ
ЩЩҰ֮еĴ飬ĳ˻һд飬ֵðеÿһֶһ
ҹĻ٣һȥˡ
̸һ죬Щˣƾϴ
ںͷu飬һ㡣
ӺһֱͨݣѾ˺ܶˡʵ˵ļڣʳѾ꣬µʳûֳҴ󣬸Ƕۣһۣ׳
Ǹյ˰𣿡uʡ
ǶԼ˰Ȼһֹ³ʮССĳУ֮һ⹱ġЩʷйʲôͣʱ³ͱʾйӴǾͲظϹˡĳն˰Լˡ
һһ롣ЦµĴǰҪڽϹʱһЩöΪȡĻԽ˰ĸײҲˣȻҲ˵Ͳˡ
һԭǣ³ֵصһһˡֳǳⲻаտֵ֮⣬˵ĳûƵϰףuǵúܶͬҲдƬĻĵء˵ֵصũ˶ˡ
ԭܸӣҪҪðٻȥֵأⲻǴڳǽϺһеġ
ڵҲǻԸΪ³ġټǰĳ³Ѿķ϶ꡭ
Ҳ⻳ˡ
uȥⲻҲҪ֣ˡ
ҵǾãκڸʳ


141 
һֱ֣³ΪýԵʣܶط񡣳һЩ֮⣬Щط񣬱ͨ˴඼˵³ԣ˵֣ԡĽľǽ֮䴩
³֧ǧ³˲÷ʲôܳԱӣǺ£Ҳǻ¡¾ǹȥʲôʱ³ûʳʳ˼һ㣬ԲҲܻ³ũûκŴʱҲˡ
ΪԶĵطǵʱֻϽȥ֣³³ֳ˵죬һ붼ܣ
ڡߡĴԼҵʳˣҲֻýܴ񱡣
֣ΪҪܶ˶ԼءūٲȻҲ¸̫ر֤һĲӦ˶ũػΪūֵص˱ˣ̫ԼͲˡ³ΪûҪԸ̫ضûзְѾû㹻ʳˡԼǲȱԵġ
κκǻ𣿡uǵϻ˵κκѡޣ˽
ڣκϴ
κӲ
κѾСˣһȢޣκٹסӾˡֻ˵û׵Ķӱĸ׹ܣ˭˵ѾɼҵĶӻĸƴӵģκŲϴӹκѡޣһ޽Ůκ͸ûʩչˡŰҵֵֶɸ̫ء
һȻȻֺҵ棬Ҳһ飬ͱ繨㣬˵Ҳչɹֳǣڴ˵ֻҪѺ̫ظŵĸ/ܵܵҾ֧Ҽ֮λϲϣǹűϰֻ̾ʹϰˡ뿴дͽվһһ̫أҲ޿κεġ
uһͶˣЦκּɣҲǴ˸壬κպλ༸ĸֲ̫֧Ǻܺ
̫ҲǳصġκŲ⣬ԼҰǳغüˣôķأɴ֮ǰѳǿհɣκһճǣǺǣ̫Ҳλӣ
ڸ˶ӵκȥǲҲûһЦ
κͨ
ͨκǣشм䣬ֺϣǽͨϱҪ֮ءǽ֮κֺ϶رκ߰δеоͨ¡
ϲϯһʹ
κκɡСʱʱκţޣɷţ޷ڹԺܳʱ䶼û֪ǸȥĹƨ޾κӡ󣬴ţ͸ΪɣСʱҲȤš
κѾˣʮʱŵκӣֱ֮ĳӣȢκԺеģκҲʮ꣬ʮŭӺܵκ۵ĵطκغ󹬸ܣǾһߵһ߲κضòܴѡ
κɣȥܴͱˮºúø˵˵ѡ˸ʲôӡ
ɾЦϯ£Ը裬ܹ˵˵һҸĸ
κκǳģκŮԹΪҲη绢
ϯЦĪҪȡЦ˵պҲһǽĽŲŵö¶
Ϊ棬ĳѡ˸ޣ˵ֲţҡͷᣬǽ˵ʮ˳
ϯЦκˣĹŮܹΪˣ
ĬδҾǽˣֲܸ֧֣ڳΪκĸ󻼡ϯǰһƣҲɴպ϶һҵġ
ϯλȻô˵϶ֿһʵŮӡ
ϯ̾˿֪³Ѿˡ
κüҼǵǸûжӡִ﷭һӼ̵λǼǸ桮һӣ֮ǰڱڲŻ
䲻У಻Զϯ㣬˵˵һ顣
κֱ֮ӣǵ곤ƽǸһɣڣҲ񣬺棡
ǣѾλˡϯңȥӭλ·Ͼˡ
ŶԭˡκȥǾͲˡԽ˵֮ǰҸ˼λҪģٻʮ꣬Ⱦλˡ
ɻŲϯŮӣߵܹŮ³֮Ů
κЦ㲻ϲ˳ԭĽŮ𣿡֮ǰûô
ɵͷ˼Цˡ
ϯ̾ӰǸժǹʮꡣ
⻰һ˵κϵȤûˣҲʧȥȥȤ
ϯժǹ³Ұ֮Ҳ֪ĸǺˡ䴫ԣġһһƺ⡣
κ̾Ǹˣ۹Уô๫òˣֻڲﳯշ˵¹Ҫ޹ʱĶΪû󹫣һӣΪᣬҪɫΪβ
ϯĴҲδؾͱǿ³λˣȴû䵽·磬һ£Ȩһշģҹǰ˵֣㣬һ³ξһڹν㣬һ޵˷ңһ޵˽ҡժǹպգֳ˲֪˲
κ˫̲סʣֻʮꣿ
ϯ̵ʮ꣬ûŰꡣ
κֱһϲûժǹѾҵʵˡȥκضһƬڽѹס˹ڵȨھ͵ԼĶӶԸĸסһǿƵңʱɲɶ
ֻаꡭֻаꡭκʵ᲻ãɣȢʮԲû˵ҡͷˣʱ䣬ꡣκͳ̫׵ġûԲҲûкӵժǹʹȻƣκһְ취ɺӣʱֻժǹûȶţȰԼɷ򵱳ɵˡ
ĺһúñġ
κͲϯһΣκ嵽ɵĹڣӲ˵ʱڵ̺ɵ֯չӣ񼫣ɱ֯ȫң֯ǵ֡ʱɻһ仰û˵Ȼºκ˵ҲʮΣҲöԲҵĸŭҲû취
ʱκģԼǰȴֻüϣɵˡ
κһҲ벻취ڶѲϯֽнһ٣㣡˯ã
ϯ̹Ȼһժǹ֪κʵѡĸ³ĹϵҲʮܣ³еŮƺĹϵҲãԼҰģСԻȣȢ̵ĶһһãǾȻѣ
ΨһǣκѾûôʱ̵ժǹ˵꣬ʱκڲڶ˵
첻Ұκֶ̾Բϯ˵¹飬͵ΪȢԸΪֵܡ
ϯֵǡ
ͷu鶨κֳǲԼǮȫˡ˵ʵֳ˲̫࣬ǣֳǡˮ˲ֵҲǱĵطˣҲδںǽЩ˶ˣѵʳˣԽԽ٣ֵصҲԽԽ٣ʳֻһһ١
ͷuԼʾһЩκȥԺʱȻôһصĹƷУЩЩΪ˵кܶն񣬴ӵİա
дͷȻȻľͻῪʼˣʱ˵κб˵ʱʱˡ
ˣˣ£˶ҡͷ
ңҡмǿˣרˣӰȥ١˵
һǿˣѵѾ˾ХΪˣɱ˶ˣ
˵ɱɱһʼҲɱһƺΪסˣߣҲɱҲ֪ˣ˻ܣҲ׷ɱѻ߾СֻһǲеģҪȫҪ
ȻǿˣΪβɱǣЩҲǳصİ
˵ǲɱ˰ֻŲ³˵ֺαȥǵ鷳پ֣Ǹ˻أеĻҪǿͨ籨ţΪҲЩ￪ɽկֻա
ĿɿڴȥκӦû°ɣ
˵ӣֻС˲ŻܵȥҪҪĻֻҪʶκ͸ţʱѻˡʡҵ£˹⣬ҾͲǮ˵ͻȻǰһȲ˵ӣҴӦˣ
ˣԥ죬ҡͷܾˣΪʳҲﰡҪװ׵ɱκ̵οأ
סˣҴҸǣû⡣
ͷʹѣȥʷu̸ΣuǱҲһڵ˺֣κߣΪǿֻŴ̶ӣǿܶһ֣֣κ˵³ϴܶǻױСˣƽ¡
ǰϲһڲòֿ³ûбԹԹҲֻǱԹ֪³˰Ͳ˶ŵòѻ³ֻͨ
ûİ취㷢
˵ҵ˵ȥ뽪ӦˣǶ˾û¡
ЦѵҪҳǮǸ䣬Ұǲеġ
ǮѾȥˣɴ鴫ţ˵ǮȻףȴҲʲôë
˵׬ͷǲġ³ôȱǮʳļ۸ϲȥ׬˶٣ϻǮðķգˡ
β
̾ҲֻˡԪ᲻ӦûաûʳԶˣεӴ뿪ֳǣȣȻ߸ء
ȻԪ˵ҡͷ̾˱Щ̫أ᲻᲻̫á룬ҲǹġȽ¼ǣȰһȰɡ
u֪빫н飬һժ¥˵
u㲻븶ӣΪ߱Ƚ𣿡
ܲǽӡ
uãƥ˵
üΪ֮ϻۣ޷ܵһ˵ĸڷҹû˵ҲܺãһŮʢҲҪʲô
Ҫء˵
uɴֻۣгʱŻзء޵ûзˡ
Ǹҵġ˵͸ɡ
uĬŵҪһȥ֮ܡзصֻǴӡ
ǲ
uҧô룬ʳ²ü޵ģءһص˰նЩҲûáο˽䣬ƶպ󲻻ᷴ𣿽䣬һһֱģ
ʱû˹֧֣ȡطҲ׾١
uĵͷ£ҿӦй
Ҫڲʮķء
򡣡
򡣡
򡣡
˵͹ȥͻȻһȣѷuһʮ򣡡
uæҾ򣬰򡣹ĶѾǸСˡָˣŮ˲㶡ڡˣټŮˣǾǸʮ˵ĳС
ЦһЦʲôʱҼأʲôʱȥ˵顣
u²ӡ
ʩʩȻȻϣͿһ㡣һʮСǣѵ̫ػ˵֣
u󾪣Ҫ̫أ
ֵĿ̫أô֪ÿ꽻ҵ˰Ǽ٣
uȰٻ̫Ҳһ
ƭңͿˡ赭д˵ȱֵصũˣȴȱٵˡ
u߳ժ¥ԽǾ仰Խľ
ǵģ¹ʮ˸̫أҲȱһ뵱̫صˡ


142 
˵ҪصЦˣǮˣ
ӷҪߵĶ˰𣬶еҲԸΪķءû˵ĸ۴ġֻҪһǮĹͶˣֹǹùʡ£ǰҲϲٳ鶡ٷֻۣҪۣǾֻʣ·޺һĻˣ˰ҹҪϲǸۡׯ԰ǲǰѽתһµ
ӴһȽϴ󷽣ӲٸӷءİѷץܴӶһ֮
u񷴶ԣȻȥҴ˵ɡ
˵ǸʵǸô㣬Ǯ϶߬ԼģͿ϶Ӧĸطɡ
֮ۡҺ󣬹֪ôյĹյȥˣȫˡֻܽŹȥ§ǮϹ֮󣬴Ҳùһˣֻǲ֪ôǮ
ꡣu϶ꡣ궼ʮˣٲޣ˵۵ʱûطסء
ҲҲǡЦָͷ˼ӡвСĳУ󽭡ɽɡ۾룬ҼǵøǶҵˡ
Ѿ군ˣҲѡһ仰¡
uҲطͦãΧûдĳҲɽ޺ӣʱǾˣʱûڵжҲ˵ʱÿĹɲ١Ӧġ
һȥҴȻԪ˵ý潪ռţͷЦҶʵڴϻۡ
ȻȲİѽˡ
ʱʮūҲϴøɸɾͷҲúõ٣ǸͷƤһ̧ͷֱðüë۾ΪЦ
Цˣ޵µ˹Ȼ䣡Щ˿ϰʲôգ
ͷǰʿǹꪶС߰˸˶ȭͷðƻȣżʱˣ͵ר·к
еЦˣЦûſڰֱ
ԪֻǺЦͷ⼸ͨ꣬ĶԽ˵ҶТ
u޵ֻǶԴһƬТĶѡ۹ⲻò
еҲֻǺǺЦĴֺܰڵǰվվӶ
ԪȻӶˣʮ˶ˣŽȥڵ˵ĻйuڣҲ塣
һ˵ǿˡˣԺҵȽ˸صţ
һҲЦԹʹصšΪҹأ
ЦǽТģôľܾСָӻᱨˣֻỶϲˣǾġ
Ҳа˵
ѹʱȰǺǡ
ǣǣ
ֻˣ
һ̲סáҲǣ˵ʲôЦȻҲһЩˣһЩˣٻڵĶôദ̫躢ˡˣҲˡ
ѹȻͬһͷ̾ǸʱֻЩˡ㿴ع󲻵ľˣģҲúõİչˡɼǸɵ˰
ʱûȥ̷uɣÿɪг
Ů˶޸ҡǴĺ⣬ԸȢֻһŮݵҰŮΪޣ뽯ҵˡ
uЦҸĸǳͬͬҸĸӣò
һȺ˱뿴uЦڶҲûŮʲôֻ˵ǰǹߵŮuҰѷĻ˵ٻ乫ǰɫϰߣ˵Ůܳɫ
Ҳǣ˭ҳԿ
˵ɫģȥȢ
˵ΪȢӣС϶ϻˡ
˵ȥӭͿһۣҶؾСϹҡɼò
ЩҲˣĶԷu˵ȥز
uץϵıӾͰڹͷˡ
ѽѽѽǵģæҵվȥԱʰˡ
ڵ仹ƴǣУУû˵Ҫ
ԪԽƴԽϲȰ㲻ҪʱЩˡ룬һظ㣬պҲõĶ޳ȥˣҲһֱǮȱǮȻ޵ֻܴһЩױ˶
ԥ˵ǡȥãԸԸ⡣
Ԫָñթˡ
ΪԪϷŽȥu빨ҲҰѺ͹˽½˵ڡҵĽǡǡͷǲǺܽȽϹ֮Ӿͺùˡǿ׽Ҳܣ֪߷Ǿڶһ˰ģΪôĸˣǾ˸취蹫壬ЩǮòãΪû˵ԼصģظҲУϸʵϸ䣬ʵǲǺĺ
ԽԪ̫ýȥ߽һᱻթ
ҪȥҲֻȻȥ˲һͱͷܴժ¥ܳСͯ󺰣һٽһٽ𣡣
ͷĻԪͷϻŰɫķĩ۵òˣֱʲôˣ
ͷ˵ģմŷۣû£ۡ
һôôժ¥ԵǸаĶװ࣬һѩһǷۡҪ潪õ˼º̲סָٿһϧôءǹ־С
£ָһѡԪע⵽ˣָڽӿڵİ׷մһ£һģΪء
ϣԪŰϵʳﲻӡԼԷ̺Էū
βꣿūʡ
Ԫӣַ£˵Ϊ²ϲʳԲŵ𣿡
ūһ㶣⻰Ӻ˵
Ϊƽʱϲݻܣ⹬ĺö͵ժǹȥˣ
ū֪òЦԥһ£ǰˡôȵϴ
Ϊιʳ²ǵóԪü
Ӻδģ
ǽԪ̾Ҷһģķۣ´δ
ūȻ򣬸ž˵˵ǹ³һֱǣƱȴǡ
Ԫȵ棿
ūҡͷҲתӣС˵Դһգձؼ


143 
񾪻ʧܵߣС˵һ飡
һǶǺשΣĶ㣬һպһҡһСÿ׶ҿһ飬ĸǷźɰȥҡСľȥġǸǴ³ĴžǴģ˵ϻ˵߹·ӣü죬ѽӼȥãһֱȱӣյյĽһת۾Ͷˡ
ӽԺҲõĽӵˡڸ㶨غһ
ʧɣҲСǧ˵ĳԺ⣬ƺֵǮĽӣɸǽկľשʯƥݣǾͺֵܲǮˣڸһӣ̾ͻתɡֵʳʲôࣿ
ʱž֮ǰý俿һɽկЩϷˣԴȶǲṩõֵ֧ġҪҸĻ
øǣΪᶯ˾뽪ȥ׬죬áӦһҪѼ۸̧ߣ
һޱ⣬ͽٷһб𣿶Ժ׬Ǯʱ˵ʵһЩֻƶһ¡
ûϵȻ˷u㣬ʨӴ󿪿ˡΪ˸»۵أŵúܴ
û뵽ȻӦˡ
ʱЩ㣬ͶЩκĶ
ϻҾ;֣κôڶðôʳuǶע⵽ˣСЩҪκȥһΣգҪӲϡѹκ֯Ҫ˵Ѷ֮Ǹϼ¾ͻ·Ϊغء
ǲ֪Ҫ˴һ¡
˼ͷɭ֪
ŶuȥҾ͸һ£Ǹկ̫ǮиؾͿ˰ˡǸиĵطͺˡ
ɫڵױȣӦ
㲻ңһһô죡ڴһֱ˵У뵽ͺ¡
ܡ˵Ųġܲ㣬ھٳڽߵĴÿγ֣Ҫ̵棬ýԪԽĹ˼ɡԪ̫أɲǲСġ
ЩƣǸϽʲôʲôһҲ׽ڰƣ׶ǰ˵𣿡
ãŻȻʱһ˿ѾԴˣǳڶäĿΣǲܶƴӵġһˣῴҲ롣벻ͨʱ
ڻǲšס˫ֱڻ˵һûĵˡһġѵ˵񡭡ˣ谮ŮǶϣ㿴ѹ𣿡
仹е㲻ϣһֵĲڣսȭͷ૵˵Ǵǲͬİɣ
Ҳ˰ѵ˴Ͳˣ˾ģϲ˾ͻģͲġˣۺʱš˵
֪ýһֱŶԽԪľĺѡʱԽãԪͲһˣһţŽУ
ǳˡӵƺ˻ȻȻı˴ĵ׹̳Ĭϴӵвһĵλһ飬һ˼룬һһСһһᱻֽЩԲ˵޷Բ˵ʱҲһܵĴ𰸣ǴһжǺġ
ֽ䲻⡣ѽԪһȥⱾв˼ģܻΌܵġ
֮ĸ顭
Щ۵ıס䣬磬㲻ҪҡҪ뿪
áѸٰЩͷ˦ˣס˵֪ҲġʣȻǲҲˣ˵ǸҲˣҴܰɣںǿˣԴ׶ʹһˣߵԶԶģǾͲ´ˡ
Сһֱڱ߽䣬ԪڳҲһֱԺЩôأǴջǸ͸أҲԷǡûеطȥ
ʲôʱ򡭡䶸Ȼһͷ
ԶҲ޷׶ʹߣӵһƽĵطҸ˺ܶܶˣԺиˣҲûã׶ķ֣ǰϵϣѾԽԽǸȲվ׶Ӱˡ
ûлش𣬰ѵǷͷϡϣˡ
ɫ˵
ǵڹŮм䴫÷зִ˵¯ˣɽԪһ㶯ҲûСΪԼһ£Ԫôȥ˺͹Ů˵ʲô
ñǷ˽һ󣬽Ǿˡ
ڡ͡ȥˡ
ǡǣԪɲĿеİɫ壬ľһ̲סһ£ģ
Ӷ˵ǰһζ˱Ƕ𣿡
ū磬һ
Ԫūһۣӵͷã㡭ôŪҪǴһǣ᲻á
ūлһмм
ȻڱΧһЩ˪һĶԪūָմһŽȲʣô
ūͷȷʵġǱժ¥ʱҵǺ͵͵һС飬ղԪ֮ǰѾȥˡ
Ȼǣ
Ԫǣ볢ֺȥ᲻ʲôãһжģأ
㿴ǴӹĴģѵŮʲô֮ôһ룬ԪЩҡˣ𴺼ʱֻ񡭡
ūȴҡͷˣｫһֻУȫש֮һѾҿԵġҿǴġ
УԪˡ
жʮ飬һӦܷʮ顣
ȫȡ
죬ȫˣӶûˡ
ǿ޵ֱҭҲЩʧ
ܸˣǿ޵Ҳôдţ񡢽¡¼˸Ӹߵģһ˵ҪǼ¡
Ȼ⣬˶ͷˣӦõġ
˵Ϊˡǲ˵̫ࡣ͵Ҳ̫أҪۼҪ˶ܿĵط
𣿡ʡ
ܴܲǵЩ־ĽºͽҲˣû£ɡ
Ǳ۾˺һžžžȴۣ͵͵һԼģĵѾͨˡ
öľʡֻǵúһ㣬һǰģŸϱǶԺеķӦûˣ֪ôأֻԼԡ
̲סɡ
ˣȵȤ
¿Цã˭أӹ壬¶ͷվãҪӣϽԱ߶Ҫ̫أܿ˾У
ֻٷһ㣬žһȥµᵽһԣʱһĺӡٴ򣬹Уһ¾ͿˣͿˣľսģæѽ죺ûУһȻѪ˿æˮڡ
Ҳ֪ôˣΪ˵һ㣬һˡ
ԥ죬˸⣺ý򣿡СС
ҡͷˣ֪ˡŽ±Ȼ㡣
ž
µҲˡһµǡôˣûƣ²̫˵⵽Ͼˡ
˵ˮһ󣬿ӳ졣
Ƚ°ѽҲ֮˾ʹġӡ¥ڹŮתһȦѹŭ˾֪
ԪǶѳɽıǣ۷ֱͻȻԼ࣬ƺҪЩͬ
⵽ǺƣΪ˷أ
ūȴϵĻϳ˻ռǣбǣơ


144 
ʲôˣ߽ΰǰһˣһһֵֻġ
ΰһۣ˵ƻʲô
Ĵ˺ܿƳ֣ϿͣΪˡʦ֣洦ɼ޵֮ˡ֣ΪʮҪȥɡһҲϣָ֣ã֣ܵܣнΰ벻ǣ֣㡰ʮҪȥɡȴҲ㡰áλӣ֣Ӳһ㲻ӣ෴ЩһԴ
ݴ֣ͨڵ˵ְ֣ߣ̬ӣ˵֣Ժ̥ǣȥֻһǶѣ֣ȥǣܻɷ
ΰΪӦõŻطˣ֣ȥ֣һץסж˿顣ҲԤϵģ˶޼ɵ֣˵Ҫռɲʯ֣Ҳ˽
ܿ챻ΰ˳ժǹնһֻ֡
Թ˫۷ֻǹնģ
ΰǱնġع˸ܣץժǹնһֻ֡
ǵΪ
µɪɪ
ΰȴӽ밭£ȥҲûطˡﲻߡ
ЩźҲ֪ĸ̽Բҹ۶ƺңȥ̽һ
Բȥʲ
Բ۾Բֱ׳̺ȫˣǰҪ̨Ϊ˭ϸ£
߲̾
˵ˣҲ߰ɣҲûĺˡ
ҪſΰôǸˣԲҲΣֻ鷢չĺܿ죬պ˾Ͳ֪ôĳ˽º
Ԫūһη߽Ƕɽ˵ͽܣ
ɽ˵ֺ󣬲Խ
ôˣū
ū˵ɡ
߶µ˵ԭɽһʯ˺ܶȥڲ֪ʯںδ˶ΪҵɽҪʯͷҲ֮һȥʯͷǸٻɽݵġɫסᡢơġ
ɽһ۾Ϳˣûе˵˶ԺٰлҴٵ֮󣬸Ҫˡ
лɽ˵Ĵȱ󣬱㳣֣³֮䣬ҵʲôϡ涫͸ɽˡ˿ɽ˵ľ
ɽɢϲ̺ƽʱʳҲͨƣƽʱֻˮżϸΣżһĶϸκȴ֪ʲô
һֱ뿴ɽ˷ʲôһգȥʱûˣͳû䣬ȴһ񣡲֮£ͰǸ͵ˡ
ӱҪᣬܳҲû˷̴֣֡ܳص³
ؼҺŷġһǳģʱŵζ̲סһ飬֪ⲻ񣬶˵ʳ
˽أɽ׷뽫͸ˡ͸˹
ԭˡԪ˲ŻȻ
ͷҪɱūūūūԸȥݷɽˣ
ȥͲɽɱ𣿡Ԫ
˵ɽ˴ȱһǧ꣬ӲҵȼƽϡȥˣֻҪϴɽ˲ᷣҵġ
Ԫһֻ֣ʣɽκ𣿡
һ£ɽˡܡ
ū̲סⶼ˵ٿԪѾˣµĲǸˣˣΪôǰʧ
ԪعãȻˣɽ˵ˡֻ޲ɽ˵档ǣ̲סʣɽƽʱʲô
ɽ˲ڸ֮ǰƣ˵ɽ˻һ־ƽɡ
ɡɡԪ૸ͣһƷɣ
æСΪѰɣ
ԪüѰ
Ҷ֪ɽ˰ƣʲôҲ֪ˮҲƺȡǶɽʱ͵ľơ
ԪЦˣ±ƣ
Ļҵӳ̨֪ôչġۺͻƽͻ˹Ѷڳ£ץߣڽϱǸĶץߣͻȻ֮䣬ɽ¾Ͱˣ
ô£
ǲʲô
ء
˲϶룬ؼҺǮ˳ͳǣ֣ȥ
Ԫǰһשεġǡ
ԭۡΪǡЦҡͷ۸
ūֻЦ˵
Ԫ۲֪ô죬˵ɽ˳Ҫĥɷۣϳԣˤɼ飬¥ͯԣȥģ˷ѡôء


145 
ֱҧǿ϶еģҲŹۡ
ԪΪѰΣ̾ɽӦʳ֮Ȳö֪źĽǷ¡
ūЦŵͷӦˡ
ҹԪշתҲ˯ţ͵͵䣬һ飬õûڽǻ顣Ȳʰһ麬ļ䣡𣬲ͬκһֻۣǺʵġ
Ȼ˳ԵĶ
һȥƺ죬ҲȣԪʢҲڻǵ䱦ڹУ˭Ҳ֪
ΰĴ˵ۿūߣֻǲ֪ǰȥʲô
ð˹Ϊ𣿡£˾Ͳˣūߵģ˺޵ҧۿŽʢģͺ޲ܳū⣬ūѪˡ
ΰ˼Ƭ̣˰ѽӹнлп˽
ҡͷʮǰľǲһؾҲˣ˽ؾʱ
ū᣿
ؽ
ΰܾڴϣҪСġ
ɴۣ˵ʢǽ뺦ģôתһȦūɱˣɱʢʲôʯһѿڶ
ΰͷȵķֶѾ˲ˡΰƣڹҪСġͣһ£̾ܿͻ֣ᷢΪϲ˵ǻ¡ʾڹУ㲻ֻһɽһˣеڶܱ㡣
ӵĻعˣòСĵԴսʱ뷨հ
쿴쿴ŮƼ׷ײڽԺ󡢹ǽ£߳󣬸쳤￴
ժ¥ϣҲڵһĻ
ֻվȱȭ¶ף·ʩһ񣬵һͻȻ˲Ļһ䣬ֱӯ趯˵ͷuͬ
uֱת˦䣬תȴֱתһĻuһһӡڿһ仨ֺ£ȴһٴοŵ˲䣻ӵȴһڿ籩̩Ȼϸȴͷ
ĹŮҲ׷ס³ֻеĸһ裬еȡѡеó֣Ա߳ͣ߸衣
ľϼͻڳлº֮Ŀͥϳ֣һʼΪǳлļıڿԷۼĹŮ˺ŶˣĹ͢
Ϊժ¥¶йŮ˾֡Ϊȡ黶ȥ˵һáЩŮ˾ͻܸˡɽԪҪ߽ȥһ֮§һŮȥЩ˻ˡ
Щһ顣һʱ˴ӽº߳ͬ衪ǽԪǽ
֮ͳ˴ӽºЩŮ裬һһͷ׵ͷӣ˸߲ҵܹĹֱ嵽ۺ콿ݺĹŮм䣬ʮꡣȥ󣬽ԪҲʹӽºˣվڻͣڣһҡ
˻ƻŻȥڵǰæŮȥ
ã㣬Ҳۡ˵
ȥϢ˵
ȴú
ΪôΣһζûг
ȴԡ֮ʱ˵Ȼˡ
ԴԺ󣬴ҲûҹκһŮˡǹеĹŮҲû˵˭ˡ
̾˿ǲôʧο㲻Ҫϡϻеӣµġ
ңָѹôȵĺأοڴûŮˡ
˵ҪҪһ£
ղˣ˵ʲô
˵ڴǰ˵˵˵
ͻȻ˭𣿡
ҡͷ²Ҫմϡĺйϵ󹬷˽ÿɲʲôūС
ｩӲ硢ȥ˵
ȥҲáͷ
벻㡣ūصǺϣһ˵ˣⲻãҿҲϲ̺
ԣ˻ȥ¼ŭū
ûлɰɣʡ
ҡҡͷ
ǾͺáͲ㣬תӼˡ
ɵﻹŮӣòڵģûˡ
ūЦȻãŮӦþͲҪ̫ˣֻҪŮľ´ĺӡ

ūͻȻС˵Ժƭ
͵̵̧ۣĶ˵߽𣿴Ϊʲôһֱ˵ýʧ
㲻ҹǲ𣿡ūߵ
͵ƿˡ
ūЦһ¡ҪͷܿǣûԸͷȽ˽˵µ¾ǱɡΪ˲ƭһΣһֱƭȥ
겻ܻسлײϽʡ
̱ܵһԣĹڵϡ
߹ſڵϵСͯɡ
ͷԲ̧
ýʺܶ£ʱֻΪ˱⽪Լİĵط󳳴֣ºʲǷԸͰס˽ڽǰ˵ͽĺû֪Ǻ½ŭˡ
ʹҲôȥ㣬ҲڱСϦǰһġͣѽʽеһԡ
ôŵӣ
ʹԡ
ԡŮ̺ġ
ûһӽմ𣿡
ҡͷӽܺá£ûȥ̽˵һʼŹͽժ¥ôʱ֮Ѿٴ㡰ˡҲ˵ͽֻʣ³л֮ˡ
㲻ЩǶЩʲôֻ֪Ѿ޷ֻܿԼչͽˡ
øӽСġ
ֺͽ˵˺һŷ뿪ʴҴҸϻؽӣѾˡ
ƨɻˮڵ׷ŮʽְĶҵϣŤͷߡ
ŮǱ˽ʾͶ뿪ˣһƬҲܡ׷ϽǧŸ·֪Ҳڲˡƺ˳ûġоˡ
һŮ߽ʰذ塣ýڴ£ͷ
ͻȻðһ䣺ǰҲҲͷҲڴµ
ʲ˵
ܻȥҽ𣿡תͷСĿ
ҡҡͷ
ͷ̵Լָղ˵ʲô˺һֱʰͷˣðһ䣺㲻Ҫ𣿡
ĿԱߵĹŮ˵ͷ
ϣŽ˯ҹѣȥٷ֡ԺģͻȻȥһ˿˿ĵģ۾ˡ
ס죬С˵ǹġ
Ľ㡣
᲻Ҫ㡣
ϣ𴲣ʱſڽʵĶС˵ؽع
Цһ£ҲС˵á
俴۳ţŶˡʵȥﶼû˹ܡ
ĶѾӵվҪֳǡڳȥ
𡢺¹¶ܼǶΪζˡ󽫾˵ķء˵ǹģɹֲҲǹܣʵϾǡġ
Ϣֶ֮󣬸ӿвǵʿ壬ܵõŴıͻʲôģ˵ıߣ˵ʱʲôòˣǻһС
ͳͳܾˡ鶼ñˣֺαȥǹҪġ̡
˵ĺܶණҲضֻҪ֪ôˡ
鼱е򸾷ǰ
ȥֽ²ߡ
𣿡ȥ£û˵ʲô
ҡͷÿ춼Ժܶ෹Ҳ
˵û˵Ͳýһ㶼ЦҪȥӹһذǿϵ˴Ӵ˾ҪˣˡءÿյǮȫˣ
µ˵ǹģ
ǡǣæĿڣȻǹġ˵ǻȻȻʣµĲǵ𣿡
ǹģ˵
˵ʲôȴѾסĽ̲˵ˣԶԣǹġתˣŵû亹ɵӣǮǰǮ֪жٰ˵ٻ˵㣿ʲô˰Ҳ˵㣬һնٴҲ˵㣡
ţˣ
ȥҽ䣬ĳл˵վڽǰȴûпſգ֪Ͷη
ǰ
Ż񣬿һָۣǰ˵ʲô£
һƨֱʣǹİɣ
ǡĲɵĵͷ
ǽն˰ᶼ߹ɣ
ᡣͷ
Լٰܶ࣬ɣ
ᡣ
վǺãĳȥˡ
ȴһ⣺£¡ɱ𣿡
¾ȵתͷ²ǻ𣿡Ŷ룬ؿ˵ɱɱˣҪĸɹұҾɱһأɱ˱ˣҲҵıӦ
û˵˹˵һ
ȥԺҪע¡˵һ˻Υڶĺǿᷴ㡢ܿ㡣
䲻⣬Ǵȥģ˵ҲķأôҲҵģ
Цһ£Ļûôءõǹ㣬ÿһЩǮ㣬ҽһ£ҲƳȥΪһûˣݺȥʲôС
㵽ﲻҪס͸ķԼǡһ֪ôҹͱˣȥҲ࣬سȦظǷůˣ˯漸Ҳ
ͷ
У㵽֮ǰѾˣҪȰؿ˵Ҳ֪м⣬һ˵б⣬ŵǱ׵ǹ⣬϶ֹһҲһطѹʯϣǴ嶼ǸǷӳʱο⡢⣬ǽ⡣Ҫ˲ᣬȰѿռסжٶ˲͹ܿ˷ʣ˻˲᲻ҲҪʵڶץҪ
һһ¡
Ȼ˵ҵĻؿĶȫᵽկ˵֮ǰ϶ͻˡһ£ҪǶɱ˲С
һɱˣ
˺ܶ飬ֻܰڸİ취ƾŵǧˣǧ˱˴꣬ѾϰĻˡƾǳһǾյ̨գȻֻǸ֧ҲܿǸܹվ˵˶ʲôǲȡǵֵ֧ģu͹ԽԪĿǰΪֹԪ˷⣬ʲôûΪ˶ˡҲ֪Լʲô
׼ķأϵİղ˵ҪȫģҪɵ˻Ļȥֻһ裬ÿӷص˰гһ֣صô̫ˡ
ǸϵİǰֵصģԺֵأһЩûҪĿ˰ȫʡˣˡΪ˲ϢͨĹؼʱע⵽Ϊ˰ԵʣͱҪ֮ǰͰѸеĴͷ
һ飬ɱˣ˰£ڶ˾ˣɱˣʲô˾͡
õ˸
ӳֳǺԴҳһšժ¥ʱù˵ĶԡɳȴԽԽͿԽԽη塣ԽӽԽתͷȥ
ɱǡ
ɱǣͻᱻɱ
ǧˣǡ
Ȼʲôιأ
俴ˣͻȻ˵Ƕ߰ɣ߰ɣҲҪˣûãҲȥ׶Ƕӹռһ̹ӣΪʲôҪǣҪɱˡ
룬Դ׶ߣӵһȫĵطǾﰲҡЩ˾͸һЩǮԼ߾ˡǴӹĲﶼԷָǡʱǾͻһˡ
Ѿ֪Լʲôˣ
Щ˸Ǹʲôأ


146 
λڳɽǣ겻ǽɽɽڴЪţ۳ɴ䡣䣬³֣սбΪս˵ءʱұ˵Ľո㽫˵ΪءΪ
μǶҵʮߴĸ浱뿪Һڴ˵ذ϶ڳʱŭң˶ϾȻ֮ҲˣɢʢΨжμһ֧
ףǸʲô˵𣿡μĶӶ˵иˣø״ǻֳȥҴҴӳϻء
ʱ£һ඼֪ҲǴӳڸûȸĳСһ˵ǻֳǣ޲衣
ֻжвҸʸ
ף
μ۾Ŵǰ΢⿴˶һбϰƿ飬СģŻԣվֱߣҼͣݲš
Һøû㡣
μк£ֳǣ
ѾȢӣȴֻʮꡣǱطʹȻȫ˵أһŲϽѪ
˵ȥϹܾò
˶˵ȥǻȥ϶ˣ궡Ϊ̨ʱķ⣬̨ľ޴լۡ絽ͣıͣԶǧĽˣȵȡȻһδضУҵ·ͽǰ
ر̨нȼһֳǣڴߣҲЩϲеĶ˸Ӳޡ
ǶԵġμͷҲǶϵүүһڸˣҲûʲôЩҲûʲô˲ţǲǵġǻȥܰʲô
౾Ҳֻһ㲻˵꣬񶡼һǴͽܲˣ޷޵ǴΪʲôȥ
μЦΪǸҪ
ڴ˵Ѿˣڶ︾ǶҵģһʱûӦ׹ˣȻŭҪ壺ǸƥȾָ
μæסӸϻſڴһƬͱ߹󺰵ɺͳ
μקŶݣҲٽк˶ȥţǰѵǸӣӵôģҲѧ
μ˶Դһ£С˵ǲߵģ
Ƕμ׵Ĵˣ˶μͶ࣬еϺͿˣϲѵˣϻؿμ飬׷ŶμҪƨɣμڼתʮȦ˦
ҲˣС˵үүסҪԼͻˡ
μһԼءҲĬ
Ȼүүվڶμ鷿ǰʼ䶡μףһ߻һμŶӴȥ㵽˶鷿ġ
һûҲˡμ侲ˣôˣ˾ڳӪֻСţûж˵һ֣ҸϽߡˣŰѽܳ嵽ǰͱֻȥˣҾҪȥҰʬˡ
ֱ׳ǰ䣡ܲ˾ͻЦˣ
μ쳤̾˶ˣܿ򣿺οǷзŵĽȥսʲô˼
죬μּһ䣺ֻҪսһȥ߳ǼҴţ㺰ȥˣҵˣǺֳǵġϾﵱֻжμһȶμˣŵ˿ûϵ
ഹͷɥһ䣺ҲȥҲһ򣡺ߣ
룬μȴοļ磬Цඣĳ䣬ĳģѶӭгǴѳԵж̷Ϊǣ
ĿɿڴֲûŲԭ㲻ֳǰ
μŶԴ˵ߣԲ߰
ԭﲻߣ˵Ǹ˰ʧ˵Ȱɣ˵
ڳѡַӪ𼱵Ϊβǣ
ֵǳôСôôȥȻҪڳ⽨կˡ
æպǾҪڸ𣿽ýȥѡһۡǣ
ԹۡȤֵٽҲҪһȻˣѵҲסڳ⣿
Ϊһиʮþȵģ뽪ȴ޶ԣȥɽʯɽʯ˵ʯկá
ʮպѺݵˡ;ȥˡݣһЩѪĳһЩūЩūɪɪկڸңԭӵҲˡ
μ⽪ҪӡɣҪʰһؿɣ
⽫ȻһҲˣһֱڳ⽨Ľկ
ⲻʮһǾūҰľկǵ˶׷ܵμ̽μҲǴӹܸĽһֳǡƳ̾
Ծ
һ򣿣
ʲô⸾˶ȥ䶡𣿣
ԼԼһԼѮŵöɸοߵˣû˵̰ɣǸռλ𣿡
˱һҪҪЩ˸ýдı⣿
࣬۷׷ס
μһֱЩ˵˰Ҳò׼⣬ⲻ죬֣ҪżСֳˣͰѸնǸ𣿣
ʱ˹ҲŹģ
ţμһȥȥүүķأǿҳ˸Т
侲侲μæˣλݼݼҲ޿κΣ㿴ǿԺկҲԴԴˣֻжƣ֮ͨǣܵеùеǹ
ȷʵǸ⡣
ڣ˵浶ǹʱͰˣһȺ˻ඪɫƲһ㶼ٴομ
μ̾ˡϷȥһɡ
μ߽կկӽûһ¥һŴ·һկӱеϮ
ĿǰկֻһΧǽǰҸһûţʱ˽ʿѸϯض쵱صˡţǿȦһ𣬸һλǷһ£ߡ
һʮݲ֣Ʋǲ̿ѵһɶߣʮһɲݣͨӦһ᲼Ի֮Ҳδܵȼ
կбǽڣȴȦһƬյأԱ߶ǹꪣʮڵ׽ɱ
μĬĬһ飬կе˲Ǹһ롣˶ŵģӦô˽һǧˣﻹ١н⣿
ľƴ³ֻǸϸˡ
վãڱע⵽ˡЩֺһְ֮ܿ˶μöμ׼ǸԽڶˣһֱֻȥ
μڿյվãŶվˣڿկе˶һӿȥٿկӣƥݡŶʮվû
ĸӳȥ
ʮƥ籼ף̳У˻ˡ
μϳеǸˣΪɾ㣬϶ܵؤӭȥĳãðˣ
俴μʣ˭ͷ˭
μʮߴμտ塣
һ϶֣˵Լȥȥԣת׼ҲȥŷˮԺӣҧӣյĸˡԵıóԣҲԳһ飡˦˦ֻôȥԷ
μ⽫ôˣȾŭæϡ
ǽõˮͱһ߳һߺһιһμ߶߶
ᣬΪ
ͣƺСӲ󡣡
˵ǵôͣ

μ˵춼ˣ˾Ȼ⣡ӶϡʪûУͶڵϳԷ
ˡˡ
᲻ǽɣ
μԥʹգ
䣬̹
ͷ󣬽䡣׶˦䣨䣩һҾ
μ˦һĭվŭС޳ܣϷŪĳ
ͷ֣ӦǸˡ϶Ӫģһ飺˭
μŭμ⣡Ϊ
ˣͷ㻹ûߣ
μŭڣƥ򣡴ҰĳܰѸս
̫˵Լģվҽǰɡ
μһѾ˹ʱٶˣŵöμܣָŶμһ
̾˸һ롱μȥ
⼸˳կӣկĶҴһۿԼ˱Щ˵УڳУֺ
μǹϳţ
ˣû壩ˣˣ׷ȥ̾͵£һȺ˺Хսսǹһӣɢ


147 Ϸս
Ѿδս£һʱҶӦŵļѾܣŽˣϵļ£һɢ
ǵý˵ȰѼؿĶߡ¶Ҳ⸾Ѿ˽ؿеĲﵱȻҲǽģߵȻŹŷŷǺܳǽôһ˵⡢еǱߣ⡢οߺߡ
һ֮¾ëˣӳͷӴ󵨣
ʼɹǣȥʳǣȥӺ͵ǹʯѣطǽ磬ֻأֳǵοа˾Ÿطһûˣһ
˶ȥʳûȥǮ͵ǹһǽӣ˻Ҫǹģûʲôá
Һô˶೵ֿ࣬һ߶һٶ࣬´ȥΣˣȥ뵶ǹ
ĴڸϵˣðԣѾţɫָŽҪ췴ɣ
ֵҰֿô췴
ûôƤģŵؿ㶼Ҷ˵췴
ѾǹˣҷĻѲֿĶȫߣʲôԣ
ˣʲôĹ
̫С̫Զֻ֪ͷϵĴˣ¶֪
û뵽˲֪ģ׷׵Ȼժǹ
ô֪
˶֪ˣô᲻֪
԰
˵ˣֲ˵ʲô¶ӡܴ谡ȻһȺֺªţ
μû뵽ȻĴˣҲûϵֱĳӳͷȥһ˵
䣺һһô裿
һͲ֪ôӻֻתͷȥ´˸Ͻߣ֮ǰҪ꣡
μ󾪣Ҫ³çؿδػĻ
ûμ˵ʲôҲͬĹ˼ɣҪǲأ
䣬ܾС
£ɱһɣɱˣǾͲҷˡ
ͷȥˡμһһسҲŵȥ˶ʱû˵˵Сˡ
ղǲ˵ɱɱɱݴ
ȻҰⳣǿˣܵس˵Ҫؿɱ˵Ļͷһء
μҲڶ졭
ڴʱ͵һŵüУȾȾ
ϰˣõϺݺһãʲôٺϳˣ
ûͷһҴ
μڳϣֻó⼫ֻгڵʻڶʡһߺ£һôܻؼұš
ʲôǿ̧ͷ
ǿܣμС˵ɲֻؿⲻļ֡
ͷ𳵱ڣտһС죬ͱ˴ݺݹϣìʲôϵģȻƿһɷҪѴץȥŵμȥסˣҲĺҪɱ˾ʹĳ̤ȥ
˰ѶμƿѴȥμҲŴӳȥȴˣһﻹ۾Щ治Ķɣ
ŵμͻȻһɵȥסֵ˵ĸ첲Զμ˿ܣܰ
μһһǰҶͽվڵУ쳤ĳͬھ˵հγذͷΧһײȥ
ʱҲǰͷˣһĻȣס֣
μս˱ѽˣԸϽμ˵ڵأ̧ͷ䣬ҵӣóѣĲ
Ҳ֪Ƿʲô裬ָ˵ųϴߡ
һӵϣͶ˰ɺ«
μʹ˵춼סˮ
ڵ˶ңŽա
ִ񣬴żжͼվΧǽͷϣжȣҸĶһ
ɵҲǸʲô
һ׷㣬Ǽ䵽ͻ
ٿߣⲻҡֱּᶨŽ䡣
ǲؿ𣿡
һ㶣ʲôֻ֮
𽪼Ļ
㣬ɱ
Ŷ࣬ԥճһôŲֻҪһ£˾ͻ붡ҡǡ
Ѹˡ˵ǹģ
ߵˣʲô˵ʲô
ҲˣײײμصģμôöתñڱּѵõĲ˼ڣϽС˵˵ʲôģ᲻ǴѸˣ᲻ôһ
μҡͷҲֱѶμĲҧųμҲڣС˵ڲ˵һ˵ʿɢˡȰѴ˵
˵ĵ𣿼ҲͶʮˣǽվĶ࣬˳ȶڴƼǸеĶȥˣܹ˾Űѹʮ֦жˣȥͱɱˡ
μȡʤƶ
˽ǰԵĶ޴ˣһô˳ȥ඼ˣӲƴͷϱָţ˶ұܣˡ
Ҳˣץס˻ȵҸǵ
ͽ޹ĺǹķأǹ˵ģ
ӸµĻؾͷֻдһӣż
ŤŤȥˡ
˲ˣмʮĵǰס꣬ǲСӭ˼Žܡ
һʱʳʤ׷˿ţҪ׷ߵĴȰǧҪ˱ϾǸ
ȥһͰ˻ˣһǻѪֱţӿʲô˶ܹˣ
ңû£ֳǣǴû˸Ҳģû뵽
ǲǡǲΪûģʱ᲻ã
һʧܡԺô죿ǹİΰˣô
ʱͻȻɱͷһһСӵкȼ׷
ڽ񱼵ҲˣʱһǵĲ˰
ڷӦ֮ǰѾתͷȥˣߵһҲҡŴ󵶾޽ȥ
һ㶣ûϵЩ˸һðĽһϣ
ߵĶֵܺͼͣõۿһȺֺϾˣĺûǰӭУǵͷܣſܽˣ
ҲǸȥˣĶμʹҲͱ˸̧ؼˣžһҴ
ٴǽϣָŽСߣĳٳȥһս
󣬷ЩˣļʮҲƺʰһЩ
̾վڽͷˣ
˽ٴξۼùЩ¹
ҲȰȱһܡ
ߣ˾Ҳˡףˣ˵ģ˲ġĶ˵Ѹ˹ǹĵطҾͲߡ֪ؿڶҵʲôλãǽҲǶҪ췴ѧ
Χ˸ӺȲݣ췴
ҲҪ췴
ǱĶμڽĸδĹ
Ĵ˵˵ժǹ
μֵĹǿƷ£ò£ժҲ٣


148 
̧ͷԶͻȻ۵Цɽһ򿴵ķuͷ̧ӳһ䣺ʲô
룬ڸʲô˵uߵһöҹȥuͷϳ۾һͷһƫܹȥһСֵô⣿ֻ¾ôԣ˼ҲȻ̧ͷӵĿ˹һۣ֪Ͳϡͷ³ˡ
ôһ˵ԼҲûȤˡ
ѾΧһˡȫŻգûһµġμһҹ֮ݴģڳ·һٰڸ룬ðؤûһ⡣࿴ȥȥ˯
ô˯ţμûϴͷûᣬ߰°ϣƮݣǰٽ˵Ǹܳ谮
һֱڲ£⹫Ǻˣ֮Ů֮ˣǲǴδ󣿴Ҽ˼棬²һһ档һ˼ᶨΪǸƭӣǼĽ𣿴Ľ𣿡ٶϷܷһ˵˵
һ˲֪ǱֳܻǵڱԻˣǶŸ̵ᣬǾòӦø߹Ʒλ곯ʱѽһԼλ֮ǰҲŰ˰һһȳ˵Ҳأ
ս˵ǴӡôҲ⸱ģ
й˵˹ķء
μ֮Աǣ
ôйժǵģ˵ʲôҪֵطأ
˵ʵصĺòϡط̫Сͨ㣬гɽǿ˱ѡﵱأû취棬йׯ԰Ҳ㣬һǮˣҪԱ߷̫ࡣ
ҵ˶ﻹһ֪ժǹ֮ˣҲǷš
ƽʱϲɻϲڽй䣬˶£ͻѧ
ǣμ֪ˡ
ժǹʴã㲼
ժǹ鱩ңɱ
ժǹܴ谮ʮɸ¥סа﹬֡
ժǹ߹·ɴ˿ȻĥĽţϲֲڵĹԵеǽڶҪý
⣬ժǹһΪ֪ãֻ˷̣վǰͻ۾ϡ
μ꣬඼ˣ𣿡
μˣÿڽЩؼϹһ²Է
ίĳȥֹҵġ
໹׷ʣĹ𣿡ûһĹ⴫ԣǻһʲôŮӣ£ԣٰٳš
μ¶֮ɫһƺȥѣ̨̾ժ¥ժֻ֮´Ӵ˶һֻ£ҲҪǾ͸ժҪҲժ
ĺˣĹɲȥ
ȥֳǣܼܲأ
Ȼ˵ˣʲôʱȥֳǣ˫۾˵
μˣҾȥҲȥҺúڸҴȥֻ̻궼ȥˣ
͸ˣôܳĹôҪƶķأֻһֻ˰ؿ⣬عҪǮݳޣ
ãڶ˵͸ͿӦԣ
μ⣬ȥ˵ֳֻڸȥøŭ㣬˵˵һͨ󣬴˶ˡοһؿ⣬ôˡ
һҹȥοֻѾʧˡμ̾
һ˵ǽһۣΣһֱл֡ɼڰᡣ
գ˽μ
˷ԣ˼ͽֻ޲ܾ֮⣬ôܻ
μһֱţҪźøƤǳúܣֻûǮʱҿһֻҲҪ̫ࡣ̾λǸ˺ݣҲۿѸհ
⣬ߵĸ¸һ⡣
˵Ż𣬷һѻ˾ˡѾζˣɱ˼ˣ˸࣬ʵ٣СһŻͶˡ
˳ҹǽȥһɱһɱһ˫ϳǸͷʳ
˵⣬䶼
ɱˣҲɱˣԼɱɱĶǾŵǹĵˡɲһͣǽˣǺ˰ôµ֣ɱЩˣͱɶ
ǾһֱΧŶңõǽŮСĿĽһ˶ûУе˶ڼ
Ϊ˵ɹķغ󶼻ˣҲܵҵĻӭû˻ᷴԡھһ˼еǿ
ʱ֨һˣ̾ǹ
ȴǸͷ߳ΧɷǿˣվǿмĽ䵱һҾǿ˵Ҽ롣
˵ʲô
æ˵˵
䣺˵ʲô
ԥһ£˵ΧҼҵţҼҡҪʲô
˵ҪѿĶߣǹĶ
˶һ£˵ҲǲСȻǹģҪ߾Ͱ߰ɡֻǡǽ˵ɡ
Ҫߣ¾Ҫϣæߵ̫׶ˣҼвŮ˺ͺӣǶµúܡ뽫Լ
ŭôУһǺ˽ô죿
±Բɣɱɭɭ
֣ôҺѵһӵҪյ蹦ͽ
ʲôյ蹦ϵ̫·ߵĿýŻһۣӰƵ˴Ǿͳȥ
˹һ£ٰʱæòˣòˡʱһѽúͳ
ټμû뵽ȻڴϺһӵӡ
ڴţˮļͷȻ޵󽫾һҵ˸İգ
һʲôǱһõָţͷһȺüû뵽һ档
һȥͰѶˡ
ҪȥҪҲĲɣֻüһߺһ߻ѻ˵ˣҪؿ⣬ɱҸӰɣ
˵꿴ƺδæּһ䣺Ҫؿ⣬ɱȫңѾǸӣʲô
ȻͿˣֻǰᶫ㲻ңҲɱ㡣
ôɱȫң
Ϊʲô
࿴װһ߸̾ⶼʲôŶܵһ߿޵ؿɶûؿ⣬Ҽֻȥˡ
ͰοѾѸˡǲҪģֻҪľС
ࣺǹҲȲдȻҲܰؿ⽻㣡Ϊ⻰һ˵ˣ£һȥҵɡ˵תҪߣμѾӴϱˣȥס˫ȣ
䱻һˣæվȣ㲡žͻȥŰɡ
μסĸ첲ܰؿⰡǮҪģȫ˵ѪҪ·޳ǽֿǿˡƶϧܰ߰
˵ЩġҰߣҲߣֻǻҵկ
μţߣǽֺα˷£
˵ΪҪ֪ежٶ
μʧɫæҪ֪ҲذⰡ˲ˡ
ҡͷжپǶ١
μһҰѽе򿪸ˣξˣǸġû˵͵ǮԵģ
סĴȲţܹҪʲôؾȫ⣡ֻؿܶҪôɱҰɣɱҰɣ˼ͷæȥ
μ̧ͷѪɴ˫Ŀÿ깱ǧʯף
൹һǸȫؿˣôÿ궼У
䲻֪ǧǶ٣֪ʯǶ٣ԥ
μҡæ˵Ҳӹԣ޲ӣؿĲܰߣ
˵Ѿ˺ܶࡣ
Щ͸μʹ˵ֻ󽫾ʣµؿ⣡
ҲԱ߰ǻֻʮؿ⣬ʮֻʣĸɣ
ʮĸ
˵ͷðɡ
ߴ˺󣬶μ붡ڵϣվûˡ
໺ŵ˵˺ôߵȫΣۼ˵˾ˡµĸȴǽ⡢⡢еͿ⡣
μڰ֣Ҫԣߺ̽
Ѷμϣ˲𣿡
μŭҿŴ֪ˣضΪıߣƭס˲ѣôƭ֮ˣ»ǾǰѵڲѪҲס
ףæ˵ô죿
ֻһ·ˡμ


149 
¶ţļ١ԽԽڣԽ£˵ҪҪм
ҡͷã˰Ѳʱ͵𣡡
ŴĶŵûɢǡʱˣǸϽŰѽƳȥ
¿ˣæӭȥ
û¾ͺãⷿ֪𣿡
ҡͷ˵ѾЩⷿĶʣµľǰɡ
Ը⣬ǹĶǲǲ˵׶ĿͶ򶡼ңҴɱȥ˵˵
ɸ𣬡˵ˣЩǣ
ҿ˻ģֻõͷãġ
ʱΧڶҵҲһٶ´˼ڣ˶˻һȺŴ˳ȥ
ź͵ĶȶˣȥԶμ˵˰˴ˣѧҲѧĭɣμӻֽȥԶ˵ٵˡ
صկկʣµڰѰʳղشš¹ܹ˵Щܳ԰
ܳԣܹȥһƬյأѴеʳζ̿ɹһùζ˱ǶǰѾ״˻ңд붼
¹һţֶιԣ
ôĿɿڴ
һͷİڶμǰǴ˰ЩĶȥˣ찡
Щʳʮ˰ɣһЦ˵
ֹҼǵóǰˡ
һȺЦᶼˡ⣬Ǹ衣
ǰʱкܶׯʱҪҪɣҲ˵ʮ⣬ҪġʱΪǻһ򣬲òǼĶ˰Ϊ˰Ҫ˰
˻Ǹ࣬ǼԹص֪ʲôʱֱˣվɻǰͷ˰Ǯμ²⣬ǼӦǵ³֣Ǵ⣬´ʱҪûûдʳҲͱ
Ϊɽʺϸ֣˼ҲֻһЩԼҳԵʳ໹Ǵعμͺܰ׷ҲϲıиΪ֪ϰߣϲԳƶΪʹˣǲ̫ͨЩƶ˳졣
֮ǸߵĶһҲֵÿϧ
μЩЦһ󣬵λҪ⡣ֵᷢģ粻ٲ磬ضҶĳƶĳʣµĸ⡣
⼸˵Цסһûˡ
μλĳ޼ƿʩˡʱȫûС£ҲǮԴŮѳпźõķһһ߹λֻҲѵð
һǿμҪΣҾͲɱˣ
μָ˵Ǹʲô龰Ҽ˵ɡ
˶ĸµĻѧ˶Ű
⡢ǽ˰
μʲôҪǮãòҪ𣬾Ҫ˳
Ǹӵϼ·ţץ
úúãã
μ̾ĻӢۣǾȥûлҲ벻˾ӣ
ӲҪǮɰǮ͸ϼ·Ҳϸƥ򣡡
ԶԶԣ
ǣǣ
¶Ӧ͵ˡ
μô˺ܷϴͬǣȻˣǲϼ·һˣл˵ֻҪǰӦµģҵȾ飡
ָ尡
ҵȶҪ̰ˣ
ﻢ£һв֪ʹӦȥϼ·ȱȻͱ˳ȥԼҵĳ֮׷ڲѣ
ֵ߽ˣμֻ̾ԶˮȲ˽ǻҪһʧİ취У
ȻҪǮβǮˣʶʲôǮ̧Ǯ͹˰ɣ
һ˵ҪǮԸ⣬һȻֻҪЩǮУֶ׷׵һǮôýжƷѣ
μ䣬ֵֻǮֻҲУλиλĶóպĳֲλվŵµһҾĳڴлλˣ
ùڿյϣŰۣҲûԣѵӳȥ
ʯ뽫ЩҪʼӪˣȻһ꣬˯Ұǻġ
ͻȻһܹ˵
կûţȴڴһʶȻǰֳǼˣ˲䡣
Ǹ˲ݲݹһ֣۽ǿ첽ĳһֱڽ󣬽ղŵ
Ҹʲô䲻⣬žûʳ
УУЦÿļˣҿô˳˵п潫Ч͵ĵطֹң滹˸һֻߵûҿ죡ſյ϶ŵùЦǷЩδãĳԸͽ
ҪܳԵ
ôƭ϶ܳԵһ㣬ٸ˷ֺ⣬ŵùң˰ЩʳߣʮգͰʳ
䣺߰߰ɣ
æҾл
ϽʮȥԱߵĸж٣Ͷ٣йһҲ
Ȼ˵ģڶֺˣժǹģҲʳҲС߹͸ժǹЩ˶ΪŽ϶кôԺ󣬿Ƕڿյϵļǧ˫۷⣬׷ȥҽ䣬˻·ˣ˵Ǹˣ˶ʱһ˫۷죬Ǹӣٿ
ͳˣһϢʹӸ˵˽ġ֮١ҵ䣬䲻˵£ĵҿ˴ˣթ
˴汲ڴžǴʮǰ֮ʱ𣬳еùˡôùأΪĶ඼ԽԽˡ
һ׶Ҫǹ룬һһأԵĶҲԲˡ
Բ𣬾ֻܵطӣŮӣԼҲˡҲȫҶΪؤġ
ȥˣû뵽ܶ˲ҪǮҪһڳԵľС˻̾û뵽ôˣһһһڱܹһĻˡ
Щؤȴ˵һҵĺûΪÿ궼ʩرѩ֮󣬻о¾̸Ը˶Ǹˡ
˵˵պǹķأĳɷŹˣһ壬
˵˺͹һĻĬ
˵ߵЩʳһǳ֪ڿзùˡЩȴ˵ߵĶǺպ󣬳е˾ͻˡÿ궼ʩʩǾǽպ⸾˭նпܣΨս
˵ⷬθ֮Ժ󣬴ʳˣ˵ʮպһʳʮպȴկ˶ϱڲԫ


150 ɱ
μһüźĿ̵ƿϸպľϻУ̾ʮ꣬Ǻˡ죬ƺܴӴݼƷһ˿㡣
һ͸ţҡҡλΣǹƥڸԶկʻȥ
ûկӸˡΧǽøߣҲֻĿǰǼľդΧŶѡ
ǰֵصĻͿŷųʮ
ֹͨ
Ͳİѳͣ£³ܵԶڵɪɪ
μӳһ¹ڣ׵Ŷμ
ţ
μվԭأΧӬ裬һҧ塣ǿסץһ˺ȥŸϽϳк͹ϳ
ûоͽȥˣöμЩԾӪǺ·ģô
ѳڵƳȥýһءǽ˵͵ֻһЩǮʱ򣬲Ÿ˼
ϧˡ
ڸһʯͷľģμһĻӶɳˡμֱ𣿡
μתӣĵЩùùЩ˲ᶼ˰ɣһ·ҴӪΪһЩӪѾ򵥴˼ӣҲЩʳڽķӦҲԣǵ뽫ȥҼҳԶٱ㷹˵굣ĽȥҼҳԷ
ҡͷءתͲμˣμٿ⣬£ͷֵôȥֳǣ
μæ̾ҷŲ¸
㲻Ļ
μһҭĳ޴⣡뽫ҪЦ
ȻҲˣӺĸɡμԱվ˰죬һ̧һԽԽԶֻøȥ˰죬̲סˣô£
䲻μ֪ˣʷ𣿡
ͷۡ
μֱҭˣǺ˵ˡ
ʮһ˵İڳ̧һμǦһʼҲ뿴ʲôˣΪٿ˶޳ǸƺҲûж顣һˣǰȴãⲻǴǴ֪͵ˣֻ֪ȡֱСʲôнʲôʿֻ֪нֹ
һ˲Żô׾ͱ仰ƭߣڶ֪ȥҪظõõǮ
μи̾ٿ䣬Ҳø˵ˡý¿ʱȥóͷ֮ǰһԣҪ㡣
ͷ˵ɣ
μܽ
Ĭˣǹķء
˵ڶμԤ֮УμͷԣзأֻȡһЩ˰ūط羰ܻڴ˵ؽһйǲַصµġ˵ؿ⣬ͲǹġȻҪҪûеܵǰ湫ˡһ˵ص˶뷽跨ŹģֻҪ㹻ǮҲûĸؿȤ
˵ժǹǶء
μΪⲻǹ˼Ҫؿûá£ҪôݺпܵģҪô˿ĶҲ˳ۣûһ֧
ãǿ̸ġ԰еıȡκ֧֡
μİ׻һ㣬ԣ㿴Ǹ˰ؿˣں㡣
ҡͷᡣ
μҲϵŸˣɣҿȸһЩǮȥ˻ֻҪؿⲻҪǮҵĻ
ҡͷؿ⣬һҪ
ڷǼⶼù֮Ҳ֪ԼƭˡʯҲؿҪĲ⣬ΡǮͣбеĳ֮⣬ƺûΣҲδƵʯβֱʳã뾭ơиû˻ȻЩʯҲ˴ˣ˵һʯʮӡ
ʯ˵֡ĳǳزСסڸЩƽʱԵģοΣѵλڱ𴦣
ھֱʶμؿ
μҡҡͷ̹ȻҲܸ㡣
Ĭ
μȰЩǮɡЩҲ㹻㽻ˡԺ㳣ȻҶҵĿˣһණֻҪڹǰ渾ԼС
ҡͷ˵һ䶡μ֮еĻ㲻ؿҾͲߡһ̾˰ѶμҲס£ϵȺУɪɪڵϡμȥұŰɣü˵ǣ
ţǱϻ򶨶ˡ
ԥһ£ʹӦͣöμƺһغ˵ˡ
ϵҲһһǮһģһ俴һ۾˰ǮͽӶ̧һղغãǻˣЩܻʳ
ʱΪʲôУֻһĸس̵ݶû˳ԵȻûУԵĵǹ콪ʳʣҧԼĶϴӸڽ
μͷ²ˣһ˸Щ˳ȥľˣֻһڽկӡһڸպҪڸֳ֮ܣկһ㶼
˿䶼ͷɣȻ͵
Ӻ꣬ȴԽԽơôӵԺ󣬱ֳǸܡʲôԣ¸ʲôиõİ취벻
һߣȴһ˵Ļ
ɱ˷ˡ
ǲĸǳȥأ
ǻƭ㡣
ƭҰɡѵҲĻѸ
ʱʱŤͷȥμúõı͸ԼõģѾˡ
еĲǲͣĴ߱ȥʲô
׸ôأ
ƻʱӪ˿ʼˡμѾھҲȷк֣ѡĵطֱӾ򾮡
ǰˮտٺȣöμһû뵽ǻͦġ
ҡͷˣЩ˺տˮȴֱӰץԣԣôֱӳԣ
ӶŤ
ʱǰһ뻹ðˮ̧ͷһȻǸ
׼лͰˮ͸׼ıȻǸɱԹŵĵطš
μ
䣺ؿ˵͸㷹ԡ
μɷĳʳ֮ʳ
䣺ǰ˻Ρ
μƽƽŤÿҲԵģ
ˣȴҲߣϯضһھͺȸˣøһ죬֮ǰڳ׳һƿƵĶμĽ۾һֱ룬ˮжʰ
ˮְѱڸˡ
μЦˣҡͷӡ
䣺
μڿ㡣вô򵥡
վ˵粻˵֣Ҳûзˮٲ˵Ȼ֣ûзˮ
μǰһڣ޳СˣԲȻУ֡Ҫ
˵Ҳûˡ
ҹկ˶ڳ˯
˯ԼԱߣͻȻ˻ﲻ
æۣڰֻüӪڡţ룬Ȧ̤ݣȦ⣬Ĵӡ
ˣеˣ£۶ûץ𽣴ȣʲô˸ɱүү
Ժֻ۽ܣںڰвǰǸƵ
ʯҲˣȿλãӪеĻ涼ˣü汻Ƶڵأ˹ǱӪУ
̶Ѱҽ䡣ҵܵߣ˴ˣ˻棡
ӪвŻһƬ˶Ϲӡ
ǡʱӪӪ⣬ķĴ£Ѹٴڸߣӿ
Ӫкܶʳɲݡľϣкܶˡ˲СײյϣдѸڵһѵ·˿͸¸ˣ
һУһҳȥʯҲźڴˣȥ
˶ܵߵ˶һ𺰣ܿһȺˣſڳȥ
嵽ǰȴһԴԼ

ҵ۾
һţѸ˻ȥӪмײܡ
ã˼ƳˣӾȭͷ˵ĺȵԱһſһߵĶ࣬ˡ
ӪеĻԽԽˣͷҲһγߵɢˣǴӣ
֪˿̲ܳɣתȥžҪԽػ𺣣ҧҳ壡
һȻǸų壬ãȻ޴ϡͿľ͸壬֪ǸĴţ±˶£ҲȺ壡
ӵЦûؾͿ˳˳æôô
Դ֮䣬Ǹû׼̫ʸӪŴľùЩܵˣȻŷɢߣУĴŲԶ˲壬ҵСӳ˲࣬ҲֻǷһЩڣʱܴʹץץΪ
ϣִųˣǲûиļˣΪ˿⽫ĺϷǵ˶ﰡ
һƥ̤ĶӵгŸĶľţ
ӣӰתϳȴûüܹһ߷ͷ
ͷУ˭ɱүүվ
еľ޽ɱ


151 
಻֪淢ʲôץסͶ˳ƴϡΧһжԶԶ
ǵ
һʼǶΪǸ⡣
Ǹʲô˸կӣǱһ㣡
ʱܳĬ͵͵ĸףôʵŵЩôɵĽ
ΪʲôҪô
Ϊʲô
Ȼ׾͸Ŀⷿȫǿյġ
Ķȫ˼ʮ꣬ͻȻиʲôģֻܵһμƽ˵
˶֪Щڸ˰ĺҸ⣬ûÿ꣬μװģİһ򿪣ѡ˳ȥٰһ򿪣áװ
ʵֻ˳ȥתһȦ˻ѡ
һֱôġμ˵
ڴʱȶģսʱ·ľճʱ˲ڶ
³Ѿʮûзսˡλ֮˼˼øӳתȦҲû³ƽƽȣҲġ塱֮ˣ³鷳
ЩǶο˵ⲻ㣬һΣ·ϵĻ۵ΪʲôҪװ׻ǮأԲԣ
ǡÿ껹պܶ˰Щ˰ءãȻ
˰Ȼͳȥˡÿÿ궼Ҫһ㡣μ
λòãҲûֳǵ̣ڳ䣬ÿȡ˰𣬴඼ι˽ҡԼҡҵֳң˵ÿĹƷ֮һʣµ֮Ķ͸ЩˡҸڵм壬ȥǮֺǡֻǲӸ߸Ķ˰
û뵽ԭȻ
ڶμߣͻȻ˵ǳ˹ķأպͲҪЩ˵ɫˣܱȹõĿɽ
μοĵͷԣûѾ޷ϴˣĶӵļ磬˵Ϊⶼ͡еĿѵ𣿡
Ӷҵң֮󣬶μĸͷ˸Σ뷽跨ͨԵ·÷ңøһ֧ҲҵͿ֮󣬶μĸȻȻͿʼؿ֣£壬±⡣
ұϾڸֲ꣬Ҳϰ˶ңʱٻһˣԻǽ˿϶øִļµҶμĸҲ˵ˣԸһȨ֮˶ҵĴ
ǶҪμοЦ˵Ŷӵļ磬ҪЩҲҪӣҪúûŰֻҪţҶҾͲ
μΪƭǼ˵ҽկ󣬻ἤŭɱһǹңҶᾡȫկСǾҡʱ뽫ͬھֳߣ˵ԺɱٽٲƣȫΡڱؽæ֧ǵĶ飬Ҳ˵ʦ
һμͺѱסˡ
Ӽμˡ塱ܾ֤һö֮ع١ңȻǸĶҡ
μȴԶ˵Ӵпܳ谮ҲǸԸԿˡЩɱ˴İӽµıŹЩˣ
ʱͶһܻʮļȫµĸǧٿס
ҪĸĸܴĵطμסļһһĶ˵ҪʧҪöʧ
һжһˣΨһͬǣǸ˳ˣɱЩΪ׽ֵˡ
ڳϣܶûͷӬһӣеȥû˵İȥе˻ˣץסں棬ҽһ·˦ߵķޡ
еĸվվץס˵ǰ棬˻¿ͷҾģʲôᡣ
Ƕӻг˸ɱˡ
ȥɣͺ¹ѾһȺˣٶˣڻվŵֻв٣ţ˴룬վж֪ԼģǴӱġ
ǰǺڶĸǡ
ϣֽӲŽһӶſˣѾֳһǺȺͼ綼ǽӲģ޾
ҡͷ˵٣ûܹǡ
ʯһֱ棬Ҳһѵƥ˵˵ĶԡЩ˴ĹǲӮһиǲܹǡ۸˵ҳǽܸߣϲȥ
˵ǻֳǡ
ǣǾˣڻֳǵ·ϣǻ˸ӽկӳˣЩڿ󣬽־£˻
ûиɽȪʳҰҰݣҹͣǻصˮ
ǰǼˣԺǿԶپͳԶ٣˯þ˯ãڶмܣĶˣ죡ǾͿ쵽ˣ
ǡϢĻصֳǳ⡣կﻹʣµһǧû뵽ǻӡ˻
ǽţկͳȺġؤˡ
İ˴ӿܵȥץӾӾˮֱ࣬ӱˮͶӳ˾һ˵˯ˡ
صӪȥŪһЩԵġȵĸ͹ȥ
ƥһ·߻߹Ƕɼβëһ飬Ҳ˵һ̣û취ҩˣֻʱòľҸסɢųһȺӬΧ˴ģϸ滹аɫСȥ
ҪЩʯס˵ûϵЩСӻԹⸯ⡣
Ĭһʯʣ㲻Ϣ𣿡
ҡҡͷ̧ͷ̨ȥ
ٻصֳǣһԵôڲͬȻſڵѾϲؤһǡҲû
ֵϵ˷׷ױߣҲûҪɱ
ֻǽ̨ʱһЩŵζϷȥǡ
ֱ콫ĺĽ䣬һѿڶ磿ôˣȥץס䣬⡢⡢ô£
֪ԭܴ͹谮Ľ
Ƚͽ߹ȥ󣬼ֵۡ
ô£
Ǳ˴ˡ
СӲ£˽ѵ˰ɣ
ͽһͬڹУֵ֮ȴûл˵ʱʱĿһ۽䣬ֲ֪ôӺ
㲻ȥ𣿡˵
ͷ
ǡôˣ
䲻
ȥ𣿡վڲ·ڣǽºժ¥
ҡͷȥ
ҲáΪ϶ǰ£ù飬ô㡣ԥһ£Ľļ˵ҾͲȥˡ
ڴҲãرū͹ӶպרػĽ𾴵ģֱҪЩūһֻڹĽһ
Щͬ齪䡣
һԶŲժ¥ȥ
ѾˣԶʳ˶ˣ㽪˵ҲҴȥԳл˵˺ܶ཯Ĺ¡
罯ʵֱסڹˣö˺ټ棬һԣҲһ˵ʣΣŮͻܸˣ𣺡պáͻ᲻ˡ
Ҳȷʵÿ춼裬̺Ůͨᷢ໨֬㣬ŮóŮᴵ٣ӵǰŮһ
˵ưɡ
ͷһ˱ž޴Ͱһ˾һֻѣСĴӺȥѶЩСӶƿǹ⡢¹Ȼһ߰ͼӵϵĻȥһ˵ȼһϸϸССĻͻȻ¥ͷһž޴飬
ƻڴɨʱŷֵġ
ڵĹϣ컹͸Ź⣬Ѿֲָˡ
ΧƮϸϸˮ
ȴ֪Լʲôطֱֻܾǰժ¥ȥ
ͻȻһˡ
µ·յ
̧ͷժ¥ı⡣
ڶ¥һССӰͷת
˺һ˵ˣӭӡ
ôôͻˣ
ܶҲˡȻժ¥һ¥Ĵȫƿˣ¥ĵƹȫй˳ǰͥ͵·
࣬ߣˣӭ㣡

ôôͻˣ
춼أ

Ľţڲȵˡ


152 
ŹСѯʺͿĵĿ⣬ͷ̧ˣվ϶ϲ
滹壬˵ڣڼֻһգǻҾͷֽš°ڣ˵ĺۼ
ɫʱͳˣҲһĽæֶ㵽С̽ͷ䡣
Ƚ·ϴһ¡˵ȻһֻС־סģǣߵ¥ϡ
վ󣬽Žǰｪ·һЩطΪˣ˿ں·մһ
˵Խ˵һЩɾ޲ҺȵˮأһһѩΡ
μӵ󣬳һڣ΢΢е̣Ȼź·˿ճסĵط
ϵļֱȻˮۣˮģ˿ڻһ΢΢
˿Щѿȵڲࡣϵ·üˣѵѵΧһ鲼סߴϣǰ˿ճסĲ첲ͷе˺ײ˲ˣԴҲһ¡Ҳˮϴ˿ڣ޲˿ڵ
ճϵĲҿҲϴĸɸɾˣԵˡ
Ҳ϶İ˵ˣȻ˵ĺܺͿҲˣĵطҲƲЩܵɱ䣬ļֻ¶̫ɾ
û£ȥǿ϶ˣˣҲٸŸˡ˵
һҪȥ͵̧ͷ
ʲôһƬæǡȺúϢɡ
˵ĺ࣬ż̲⽴һ࣬Ƥʼˡˣ˯
ŵ¥Խ˵
ȥҲԣÿϹͿˡǮһʳ
ȥ˶ȥˣҪᣬǾôҰ
ú˯ɣѾûˡ
û˯š
ŽиӲԭԼҲ¡һҹû˯š
ڶһ磬һ糣ʳ鿴ϵ˿ڣ˱ͺѺãᣬӻԣһҹȥ˿ûм񻯡ˮϴһ飬øɾ鲼ã緹
Թ˵һҪٻһ˸
ô˴붼ˣҪϢ
ﻹˡȥ˵Щ֮⣬ﻹİˡҴǶȥƽ˵һΣһѸؿյġ
ҡͷСҿؿֻѾǿյˡ
һ˵ǴĽŽһǧ˹ȥǾ͸Ұɱ㡣ûɣʵ벻ͨΪʲôôɡ
ӦѾûνؿˡֻǱǿռݵĵ̣ȥ͵Ǵǵ⣬ǲŻɱ㡣ü㲻ȥҲֳǡһȥ˵ûʳˣЩҪ췴ȥЩǮȻʹ˳ȥɣȥﶼУĴתһתȥꡣ
ꣿԺֳһǸСɽ¡
ѾܾòˣʹȥʺһĸסЦ˵⹬һװӣƸ䣺ȥ˵ҵĳ֮ժ¥ġùһӰɡ
Ǹ߳ժ¥ߵ·ʱͷȥ
뱣ΪĿɽʲôҲ
ãȻˣ֪Լʲô
Ȼ֪ԼʲôĻȥɡ٣
ǵĸ˶ȸ״𣿡ڽߣһ衣
һ
˵õģǾϲôͻˡǵٶȲȽ졣
ǣδػԼ״ϣڹ˻֪ҵķ𣿡
뽪˵ϵ˹ƻû˵ɡ
վȥǣƣȥժǹϵˣ˵ҪҵķظйһЩرĶװҵй
ʢģϵ˶ġ
еһǹţһժǹǰǸ˾ۼĵطڸǴդеͲסȣ̹¶飬еĸֱ˯˴
ŮӺСӣ򱳻һʹɽϼصȪؽֽҲмõĲڱľˮؽҪҪһúȵˮ
ʱŴͻȻһɧһƥ̵̤Ĳӣڱе̯ǰĴߡԱһɴɴñСŮЦţߵĻźüͯ
ǹ
ˣ
Ƕʱˣ
ȥһ͸ʰɡ
ɹһͷ󺹡
ӹһڣζ˵Ҳȥһ
ūȥǸŮһ͹ˣһ˹˼Ҳûꡣ
˾Ͳúˡ͸ǺȰɡ
ͿһȦŵһ̯ǰеҺȹ
ʱͿȴҿ˶ȥˣ̯ô˸˻ˣ˺Ź˳̯³Ϳ̯̯ϵĶһ˼׮⡣
һ͹ֹܿˡ
Ҳ֪˹ڹ֣ұǰһֱȥժǹĹȻܺã̯Ͼת
Ҳܿѡ˷أи뽨йպȥ֡Ϣ˳ȥ
ȽժǹʱǰѾۼˡ
һ죬ֳǵ˶֪˷أڸ

֪
ǸСǡ
ڸй
ʮֳ谮ȻھͰѷظ˹
պ޵Ҳסڸˡ
֪йʲôʱܽã
һҹ˳ȥӻȥеĻڲϾȥֳǸɱٽٿ⡣
öȥ
ڵڶȥμʬҲһʬǶμģһƬǽӪʹޣصк󣬾ͱһ˶š
ãȥľȻ˵һ˵ţȻڴȥҸʬѾҲˣһȥ´ţȥԽ࣬ԽпܳͷǸ
һԥǡ
ǲȥҲȥһҸѾΪˡҲȥɱ֮Ȼҵͷ˵ǽģɻҪԼȥҴ״ġ
Щ˱Ƶû취ֻþһЩˣǰֳǡ
յţǾ˵ժǹ֮
зظ
ڸй
ˡҲˡһ˵֮ڳﲻͣĺ˵ܽˣҲܼˣҪˣҪڼļ˱̸ϳͻظ
ҡҲ
࿴Щ˷׷־˱ᣬ޲ȥ
˵ҪΪҸһҪȥ״ģǲȥȥ
Щ˰ͲиվǸ״ֲԼҲֻ䶡׳Ϳ˳ǣȻ֮󼪡
վժǹǰϵʮ˴࣬ԣ
꣬쵽һڣ̺ȫСͯһȺµģòֻ̺ͨ򣬶ڵеСͯȴֹţò¡
ЩСͯӵһŮϣɴ£ɴȴžµĴ壬ǰ֦
ŮĿ
ϣ
ΰݣԼ
ʲô£
صİͷڵϣԸһ͸ֻȥӸ
ҪɱˣϷʶ
ǣ̧ͷ˫ĿѪ죺ǱҸȥҪҲҸһ֮أ


153 
ûᶡ࣬˰˳ȥĿ꣬ڿܵ˺֮Ѿ̫ǿˡ
·֣ҲһӡȻﻹûмһӵĺӡ
˶Ļ룬պĴ˵ЩˣԸṩһЩ
صկһƬ١Щڸ˵˻صԺҲܿǿµһҹ
û֪ʧܣÿһ˶ʶһ
·ֽĬˣܲܽһٶ˻ظȥЩͬʬ
Ȼҡȥˡ½Ͱ͵˵תȥۿЩȡ뿪ȥЩӻڵװˡ
ȥһˣ᲻ʬ
ϵˣҪǸɻ
½˺ܶˣҲи֪ȥʲôĬĬĸ˽䣬ٴ̤ȥ·
ٴλصȽĸ׸򵥡
Žգһ˶ûУǽҲһˣһճǡ
ûȥǣ˵ȥܸˣֻҪÿҸǮˡһǮ
֪ڰο߳ܵǣ֪ǰοҲȥĿеСõԸһܸСĴ硣
ֲùû˵Ļ˵뿪ȥԭ˵󻰡
˳Ĭеʬ壬ûӳȥ˶ˣ治ĿֻܰǶϣһ˵ɽҰ˷ء˼ֻֻ򣬼֮ǲ뿪
ûдЩ˻ֳǣǴȥɻˡ
û취ȥ
صֳǣȴ˵ִеʬסǧҵƬҰأʯϻżڵѪա
еķضѶû֡
಻֪һǶμֻܹЩǰͷʹޡ
վص˸Щֳǰߵ˶˵
ûмû
ȥ˽ңѾȥˣҼҸұ˶ûн顣
빫زԴ𡣡
˵˺ֳܶǵ£ЩЩĽ롢ҵº뿪ˡ
ûм
ȷʵǹķأġԱǴˣҲûлμҲҪȥֳ
ڶܾЩ˾͡ΪѡĽ˸ûһжǰһڽѹȥ󣬸Ľֵ³ˣû˼ǵʲô
μĴ֮˺ܶ࣬ڶǰһ֪ʱȥ㸸
壬ûǡһЩȴԵøˣڣɫһбһġֻڵȡ
һɱЩ˵Ļᡣ
Ƹȥġ
һµġȻˣƾʲôأ
֮ǰȫͬһ˲䣬ףǲҪ
һֻʱġ
ǿˣǿˣׯںŰ̧һ˴ҴܵҽĲ򣡴򣡿쿴ˣ
ҽ߳һһţٿȣŶˤˡеȥ֦ҸȰϡһ߰ο˵û£ֻǶˣƤûƣͷˣеҰҪǶϹͷһ󶴣˾ˡ
˰ס˵֫ٽСͯ˵ĶϣסĴȣס˰סȣ׼εѾɱеѹˡ
ҽУʯͷס죡
һ̧ׯں˳ִӵϼһʯͷӲ˵
½ǲˣҽȷղһ졣
°Ϳ϶ǵˡ
ҽס˵ȣǿԴλĹͷӲԵһ飬꣬ǸѾεòˡҽһĨһ˵ܺúܺá
ʱ֦ҲˣҽС֦ȡмֱϣ˰ϣ
ҽվ˵ˣðˡ
Сͯ˶˵°͵ˣҪأȻԺôԷ
ԶԶԡҽߣȥ˵ͷȰʯͷڳ⺺ʵۣɤˡȿ˻᲻ᴭᴭؿڴ£꣬˿ʼˣűס˵Դ°һһԡ
˾ɱһˡ
ˣκˣ̧߰ɣҽһĨ֣˵
û뵽εô죬˵û˰ɣ
˵ҽ˺ȣȻƤûƣ϶˲٣Ժܲ߿ɡؼţµأȣԺŽɣȲˣٿܲܶܶû£ܶհɡ
óҩȶ˰ҩκãҽ
ҽһ˼ҳݵʶɷ״ڲԣȺңٸҩ
Ȼҽᷢȶ֪
һȺׯںǧлˡ
ҽصؤһڹԹԵĥҩͷңƤƣЩطƹͷˣһһƵģûסЦ
Сͯû˵ǵҩˣЦ
ؤղŶûȥʱ̧ͷū
Էʱҽ˵֪ô£ǿˡҿǲˣ߰ɡ
ߣСͯ˵òײﰲ
ҽ˵㶮ʲôģǿһץСͯͷϸƤģ¹ˣָָūģūɡָָԼͷ˵ģͻᱻǷϱ
СͯЦϱⱲҲûһϱˡ
ūҪеʧˣȰܻ˻ҽĸҲΪ˴Һãǿˣֻ·һ
ū˵ʲôʱȥҹ
ҡͷڻСֳ̫Զˣ޷·ûлҽÿķԲϣΪؤˣڻиס
Ҳһ
ȥһҽ˵ȥǰɡ
ҽܾȥ˰ɣ
ҡͷҰԽԽǿˣֻȥǲŰȫ
⻰ҲеҽǲȥЧ£ˣ˸ۣǾһһǵĹȥɡ
׻ҽ뷨ᡣҽһá
˳ӵĴӦ˻ҽֻһͷʧ


154 ƭ
Ҫ˵ǴǰȫԴӻҽǻ·ֻͣǲͣҰ󣬾û̧ȱֶѪ«һһҽˡ
ҽɵ˰ѺҵҿȻβñɱ˾ԩˡ
Сͯһ㶼ԩʲôΣûܵÿ죡
ҽҲû취ί˶̧ˣ˵˵һΣʱ˸ˣֻΰòãҲҪκӲβ̣ʲôϵ
ūĿɿڴһֱΪҽҽôôӹҽ
ҽһ˵˵࣬˵˷ʵʵ갡ұȥʱΪԼˡһŸϴĴ󺺣ѪĭӣҲǽӲȻͦҽڶãȻôѽκõģ
һȽܺѪͻˣʮ궼ֳܣ±ٸס
ֻǵͷЦū̲סʣôεģ
ҽʱϿðѪ˵УҾǸˡʵѪһҪ̵ŧ͵͵߲أȷŧѪٷϣôڣ붼þ
ūŵͷ亹ץסС˵ҿʱģҾΪһܰκáҲһͱˣ
ūŵ÷ͷڻ̫ѻҽСͯЦȰʲôڻžС˵ҿҽǸ㿪ЦϲŻˣ˵ûŵģˡ
ūһҲǣҽҽǿģӦò˵ô˯ˡ
ڶ죬ҽ˵˵Ŀɶġ
ͷšҲС˵ˣʱҲڽӴǰţŧѪҶԱءһüءҽ͵͵߶ڰҹʱǰ˲æʱû¸κһˣԲ˵ǽҹ˿ڷʹҽΣûѻҽ૲ͣġô죿군ˣˡֻѧ
ҽʱ;Сֻͯ飬ҲոôĺӵӣôƭʱҲи˰ǻ
˴ǣ±ü
ҽ⣬ȴ˿ҶáĻ˵ţױ׷ţԹʹඡҲͨΣһΣܾˡԻҽһԡؤݻġ
˵ͶסſŵĻͦãûǮͻַˣͷ͸ߵĸ̾Ͷ׵ģ
ߵҲ֪̾ղأһһ˵ʶҲû취
ҽͶͶˣڳһȦ󣬾Ҹ̯ǽϯһСͯʼСͯҲ˵ģĨŻҽ˵үүѹүүǲڼҡ
Ա߶кϵϣССԱ߻˵ʲôˣһѲСͯȣСͯѵ˿ڿˮȰҽүүȺȡ
ԣТ˳кСͯԴҲģ
Сͯӡ§סҽĲӣ˵ǵ͸硣
ūȻͷݣϵɫҲԣвģûǲģһ˫۾һ̧ͷڰ׷տȻ񡣻ҽа취Ҳ޲ߣֻýһ˶ĵطͱ̧ͷܲ˵Ͳ˵װɵˡ
ҲװϰˣһǾͳɵӡ
ҽСͯ£һѣȥ͸ڡ
Сͯаȥ塱ˮҽкʹ˵ʷ
ʵҲûʲô˸ɵӣɵȢ˸ɵϱɵϱӣǰɵģһСĲɵȻɵӺɵϱץˣҽҹӳշתأͶס
Ϊʲôһӱ˵ӳʱƭǵںͷ͸ˣСӾſұ϶ź溰ˣľһǵˣСһһָԼ˵⡣
Сͯڱ﷭˸İۣūȡ
ūƢСͯͲЦӯӯĽӹ룬СͯιˮСͯڣĶ˵
кʻҽʲôգҽ˵ĻʲôգͻֵءСͯүүСţ
кˣæʻҽǻҽæ°ʽʲôͷţףҲͽӹءɥǳﲻţֵأⱾҲûʲôá
кЦôأǲ֪ﲻţֵأţġŵùĳĳû˼ҵţҪСţġ
ҽæǹĸ䣬ҲԣҲУ
кϲ̻գγԲϷ
ȻҽͷţһƥԺٲȻˡҽ˵ôһʮϣ
Ȼ˻סǽ£ѾÿЩˡ
ҽˣȻ˸òˡ
ʲô˼ū⣬ȴˣҽôʱˣûҽвģһµط͸ͷ档ֲýô궼ûš
Ȼҽ·ܿĽȻǸţ֣Ǹ硣۷粻ģĲϵģ˵иҽˡ
ҽҽһס
һ֣
ҽһȣôأвСƴǺȴ֮һ㣬ɲܶԣ
ǮСͯӵһ˶ȥǵԶ¡
ҽü˵Ҫô˵ģĸ˹ԹҽĻˣ
ڶ֣
ҽһ洫ҩ˵ҩˣ򲻿ȥܾŭӳȥȥɣպҪٵҵţ
߿ˣСͯ˵ҪǸ˻ųҩ¶𣿡
ҽǺڶѷۣԲģҪ波ζҲҪ

ҽɫ˵ҪļⲻأȥˡҸһζҩһԾͺˡ
ˣСͯ˷ܵ˵ģûҩԵɵˣǸвģ
ҽߣ˵Ҹһζҩܳȥһ죡
תͷȥҩٻͼվһԣ㶵ѧҩ
Щ˼ͷ
ѧѧɡҽҲ˽˸ҩô䡣Сͯһصͷܣ⣬ҽЦǰѧˡ
Сͯվ˵ǻѧóԾ˯ɵӲѧ
ҽСͯ˲̾ɵӣʱûˣʲôô죿
ŵùңҾûԡ
ҽһۣЦ˵ôŲ㣿ҪǾǸѵõĺˣҲΪô๦
ܿҩˣøô
ҩƲƻҲңɢһɶĵĿζ
ҩȥѩʱԵƲ
Сͯһޣ
ҽ̾ʲôбҩҪҩúòÿ
ȹգһϻѩѩ׵ҩؽˡ
ҽһ仰ض˵ѾɲҽˣҪĸ
ҽЦá
˼գҽͻȻҲƳһϻҩǸһ䷽ǸҪС֮һԲҲһѩѩ׵ģ澹Ȼ˽ۣϸһţл㡣Ū˸Ưĵͭľϻװţ滹˿ޡңһϻӣͷ
ҽ󾪣Ҫȥƭ˭
ЦȵǣҪȥһ̽һڶֳǶԹһ֪˵մֳǻҩש̽һ̽Ϣ
ҽĿɿڴ̾㵨찡
ʱţ治Լ˿ˡӣǳžȥƭģ仰˵ǽ룬ƭأô֪֪ףƭ


155 ҩ
ǽ˴඼ǰ̺ʢģԺҲûˣôЩ˶ô˽⽯룬̺ȴýȽʢá
ʢСС;ڷţƷŻշЩʵʣľطѹˡһɽ룬˵µ˶ʱ;Ӻùˡ
ң뻹ǶǷ̹ʢˣǽҵˣͽʢֵܣʲôýأ
ȽʢѶ֣ϵʬ͵ֳȥܱô룬֣ҵǸмǰֻһϵŮϵǹˡ
ǼΪ˽⽯ģ˽⽯ʢԵһžͱϳˣﵹˡ
ʲôͿϰŸܺľϻӣԲ˵񡣡
أ
ˡ
̾ѽŵȥһ٣絽ôǵģ
´ϻӣɴ£ŷ۰׵裬Сģһϸ滹˽ۣŹ⿴Ž⡣ЦСͦ˼
ʢϲĶǼݻ⣬ϲԽԽáԴסͿĶ˳ġ
Բһţƣɢҩ㣬ȥǣֻ
һǣˣ°Ͱҩˣٹһֶֶǽײ˷ܵϱģŮһŵĲЩˤ
ԲһŰ߿Ůվǰ򿴵ùֱ֣ԭô⣡
룬µ
ԲӦһ£˾һһĶšҩΪ֮ײ֮ýȤˡ
ȥ͹һҩ֪ǲǱϵ˸̫ˣ˵ӣͲˡ
ϻе轥ʧ᲻ãͳһ衣
ԲĶֻվȡ涯ûˣŽȥѵóϣػ󳩣⣬һ˵ҵʦҺ𣿡
Բͷ
Щȥ֪̾᲻ã
ºȥſתһȦǰѾˣ̾ߡȥԻҽ˵ӴŲշǸ˲ãܶ˶֪ϰߡ
ҽȥһرһأȥ
ҡͷΪ˶ʶңҲŸȥһأȥֻ¾ͻᱻϳˡûȥңȥ֣ҡ벢ôϲ֣ϣѾ֣Ȣ֣֮ˡ
ͬҲһμѻ֣ҵǺ⡣
ڽ˼飬ѰһľһС⡣
ľҪʲô
жƿ޶öС
ľͷ˵СҪҪ񻨿־ˡ
ҡͷĲỵ̈ĥ⻬Բɰˡ
ҽͼŪһҩԣ
ЦӲء
һҩøЩȫƶСȡ̶춹ƶĥۣһѸɫҩӣϰɫģ۰סۺ졢ۻợһҩʲôʡ
ۺͽۣøϻװţȫССƿСޣȻ͵ȥˡ
ǰδˣʱŻҽϴˣھͱһǴƭ׼Ŀףɽһͨ˵⣺һֺҩԸ͸ʢ̫ء
˵˵ָ֣Ȼǽ̫ؼңȴԭˣԭ֮ܡ
װɲ֪ӣæҩӻͳһҩĸ˵͸̫صģö
ǮҩʲôҲ˵̫ز̫ϲǷˣ˾ޣ˵Ůȥ̫أ̫ض̫ĸֺ̫أȥѰһЩɰĺӡֻ˵ˣԲ¡
⼸òȾƶͷתһߵлһߺˬȥ⣬һ˵þ͸ˡ
һЦ˵ֳ̫һ
һ˲ˣ
һҲЦˣС˵ҿ̫ؾë
ЦһԺ񲻶һѾԼϣæ˵·Ҽ̫أҴҸˡ
ҽĽŲͺܳأ̧ͷһȣ
߽ȥСͯūһĥҩ˵һɫ˲ܵҽߣŵôˣ
ҽҲãȻ֪
ūģҲһСʣǲǱˣ
ҡͷĬƬ˵ٳȥһء
ҽСͯūҲ֪
ҽ˼ǴʲôϢ
ԲһľߣͻȻо˸ɫתԱС˹ȻˣӻͳذͻȻ˺һԲ
ԲתͷһȻٿݣǾɲ
Բỽҡ
Ҹý~Բʡ
ʱŭڣȻˣ
ֻӽЩϢȴû뵽뾹ȻԹа
ԲȻ棬Ц㣬Ҵδ
ûǺģŴԲ־ҪߣԲסʣҪ㡣
ͷԲĶذ̹ȻվڴԲǰԲʰɣҾ˵һٻ
ʢ˭ɱģԲʡ
ҡ
ҲɱģԲü
ǡҡͷ
ԲͷذףˣҲɱġûϾˣˣζҪ潯ʢġ
ҡͷұߣڲˡ˽⽯롣
Բɴۣ㻹ɱľɣ˵ţְѶذ˳
ҡͷдԲڣɱ˽ӡһ£ҿԴԹͷֹ
Ȼͷһ뷽跨óһءڹߣѿ룬Ϊľͺ١
ڰֵİ취ܶࡣ
Բ죬ԥһ£ͷ˵ҲáǱϾǹһռҵĺӣô涼У̫ˡֻȰҲȰסֻ
ˣԲӵıӰͻȻѾһˡ
ԲصңǰְһϻӣСȫ˳ȻǴСУڳɻ͵ԲУһСҩ衣
ϲӯӯСҩ㣬˵ζһ
Բۺӣµ͵ģ˵˾䣺Ȼ⡣
ˣһ£˭
Բҡͷ֪ˣ᲻ԣ
˵˭
~Բ˵ͼľɢˡ
ԭЦһҾ˵ҩôôĺ⡣Բɱ
ԲҡͷЦҾ֪
Բü˵㻹ԣ
̹Ȼ𣿱~𣿡˵Լҡҡͷ~ңҲẦҡֺαؽأҩ˵Ȼҩ϶ǱңҲ£Ҳж⡣
Բĵˣҩ֮ǰû⣬֪ԹаͰͲܶˡ
ڶգҩȴҲʴԲԲƽҵˮһˮȥݻˣҾ͸ˡ
ϧòˣҲԣſҲܺðɢ
Բ屧Թĵ˵Ҫԣȥʰ˵ȥʰˣСҩ豻ˮݹķƤˣ¶ƻҵڣһɢζ
һͶĻˣ˵ˣ


156 
ֳеġ
ſڵڳǽӰųǽ˯һСؤڳſڣһۿһֻ򣬸Ͻܹȥ
κվָվס
˵ЩСؤ˭Ǯ˭ûǮһ۾ܿ
߽´еϿ˿һַվȣĵˣֳǸʲô£
ԴӶԺѾܳˡͨնɴˣٲˣǳǣЪסޣҪһ̲顣ȥһ֣;мЪ޶Ϊϴ̶ӣ̶е˿ͺܾ裬̶ͣӵǿˣ̶ӵ˰ҹˡ
ؾص˵³ˣҲֳǣڸؾ̣Ǹմ֣
һԶ϶û̫ǮȥʱһѻҲһѻһƥûо֪Ǵ̣ʱЩ֣֣ð˵Ǳر࣡û
֪еãģҲϣߵǽµ˵һ֣ͨ˵ĸֹ´˵Ű忪ˣ˳˰˳ǡ
ǼҾһˣˣĸҲ֪ʲôطҲûȥҡϷţȰŸɾϲ񣬵ˮȻˮϡҲԿˣëˢӰմడҰɨһɨʰˮҲտˣݳԷ
ʣˮЩˮϴ˸裬ͷϴɾһ޺Ӻüë
һ׼ˣڼš
Ǹ˵н
ҹˡ
һ·Ӧúۣȴ˯ţһҽţҪȵ°ˣ
һ죬ŵȥš
վŽۣȥ֡
ʱ¶
֣֪Լûϴˣͷ߰ɡ
ȥЮһӳĸڽͨСŽ̨
ϡԶժǹͷϱŹ⣬
ժ¥Ͷ㵽һ࣬һ۶Ǳ߿һۣԣҲûзϡҪֻǰ˴С
ǸʲôģūûҲûūȻͣǶǴұۣЧͣԴҡ
ӰǸӡ
ˣԪĽŲ
º˺͹ŮǶȥϢˡֻ˼ֻС棬Ԫǰһյ͵ƣһԻһⶼǹͷuġ
Żȥū
ūͷӦǶ֡ȥѾˡ
ԪѲɣõɽ˵Ķ
ūЦǶ·繫һ㶼ѡɽҲһ
ԪͷЩҲЩ֮ӵĿֻšһ˴ĶôأȻҲ˵˸ʲôͨǡ۴̫ˣ˴ĶȲϱǣʧ
ڽԪǰȻľ䣬СڲУһ
ʲôԪ
ҡͷСҲ֪ʲôֻ֪ɽ͸֣֮
ɽÿ¾ͻ͸֣һЩЩﶼɽԼģÿʱɽ˾ͲټͣɽׯĴҲաÿɽ˴Žգ֪ɽˡ
ʲô֣Ҳû֪֣󣬻̺֣˶ö֪˵
˵ǵԺ󿴵ɽ˽մţµɽڸ֣һЩʱȥɽˡ
ɽ̹֮󣬹ȻԭҲɽׯ
Ԫ̾ɽ˹Ȼʣǲۣ
ҡͷۣҲ𡣡»еСӣƵԪǰۺ֣żҲ͸ӣ֣δʾˡݴ֣֮
ӺۣܲǸͨľľ䣬۲
ˡС˵ôΪ˱ⱻ˷֣òװڴСӣһͲٴ򿪣Ȼһϻ
ϻСòŷŮǻŲʴִ֥Χһ顣
Ԫóϻ򿪣һŸ뵰С飬ŷҪһЩǼһţһ˵ζӯڱǼ䡣
ʲôأɽ֣ÿֻһţ
ҡͷֹСֻһšϻкܶࡣ
ԪŴּսƹ⣬ִȻ⣬ϸзĶ档̲סõǼһ£ŵһҩζ
ĪǴǡ૵
ū󣬵ֻʣ½ԪԼˡڴϣҷת޷ߡǷߵϻ򿪣ϻ顣
һó飬ͳһذϻһ£Ȼйģ£鱻г룬ҩζԵɢ
ǶģһǰɫӲǣмǺɫģɢŨҩ㣬оһźɫС裬ζ̱ǵġ
ԪɣмɫһС裬ġ
Ȼɵ
˿ĭһ룬Ž
ڶ糿ͷuºȵĿˣȣҪǣڴԵһ򣬾ȻѾд뱻ˣ
ͷu̧ǰ
ԪֿһһԣЦɣĺǿˣ
ӭŴĿĳ⿴һۣԽԪЦ˵϶ˡ
uĿǱԪһϣЩǿǹ£ôΪã
ͨĹ£͹㶼Դ漰һǻһ֮ص£ǣص󻧣ͱҪɽԪˡ
Ԫͷȷ²ˣǰҲʺٵι֮𡣡
û뵽Ȼ濴ˡ
㶼̲סԽԪʿգĿ࿴
Ԫϲѣһɵҹδ߶ƣ޾
ūٰ
Ԥϵٴ߽˽ºʱŸŷɽˡɽ˵ģֻҪ˳Ǹҩ裬ԶҲ᲻
ɽˣ֪ɷ񣿡ԪֱԵ
ҡͷɽ֣Լ֣ǰǲ뿪֣ġ
Ԫ޵ǴҲǴѵɽֻɣ
æС˵ˣϢŭɽ˲󣬶κһˣһġᵡֻǣ˵ɽ֮ǰ֣оɣɡ
ԪԴùǸɵ󣬾ɽ˴֣
֣δɽˣ¶Ըɽ˸
ݼ磬Сٻȥһɽˡɽ֪زṼ񰮣
Ԫæȥٻأһȥأһȥ
ǰȥժǹ
˵ҪԶţȥ֣һƤùϣһ·ˣҲ
ƤģҲȷʵǸġֻͷ˺ܶ£ҲһֱûٲӺ͸ܴˡ
ūȰ棬ժ¥ԾҲȽˣӹƤã̲ס˵Ҳ֪ΪôǸˣһֻ֣˵£
һֻ֣Ͳµ˭ˡôãû뵽ԪѾץˡ
ҪƭЦ
˵Ķԣһúöġͷ
˵˸Ǯһĸһˣһʧġǵ˵
еȭͷܣһŹ
ǻ֪ȥʲô㣬Ҫ˵ˡס֣˵ҪǶѧһġ
һڶū˵ˣһñūҪһҪôС
Դӽߺ󣬽ԪᡣǰɵϻУΪҩζˣҶ࿴ʱ̲ڻС
ʱͱ֪һصϻ֪ô£˵Ǹϻ˵ģ˵ˣŰĶš
Ȼ˻ţ˵ջˣһټҲֻĬĬ˼
лŮߵĻĬĬսȭͷ
Ůǵڹ裬ȴһۡѵһֻǸջ˵ķӣ
һĹ
衣Ϊһֱû裬øŬˡ
վڴǰзתŮӶ⶯ģʯĳ
ժ¥С˵ڹ˶ô˵ˡ
ЦŰܺá
񲻽ǣʲôأ
лĿͥ콯ﲻڣֻһЩŮڳ衣
˫Ѿ뿪ˣڻڴʲôأ仰˵ڸżˡ
һֱȻڹиΪڽºǰ裬Ѿ˶㵹ˣȴòһˡ
ⲻ˵˼
Ҳ֪ˣȻûм˵жɲǽǰ׷׶ʼ˵Ļݡ
вʫǰسuӢǣۣ޲һʼˣصһ飬䵽Уܴ谮Ƭ̲룬Ϊڳ谮ʼʣջȻһȴ绨գӴ˲ټϧˣԸǿֻܶն
󣬲˸ɵɽ˵Ļ
ɽ˵ǳж³ĺ񰮣йԣһҪص֣ɲ뿪ָԣ³Ըڰ֣ɺ³Ծõ³
Ȼ³ɵ֣ĲͬǿԽ³ǵɵ
ԪɵǿŲͬɵǽɫģͨ𣬾ҲɢŶĿĹâ
ɽ˵ʶңʽ
ҲãȻͷһң˵ǴĶӣиֵܣ֪
Щ֪ģԪʣɽ˻˵ʲô
ҡͷɽ˵˺ܶ࣬Ҷǵˡָɵ˵ɽ˵ɵרŸƵģ˴˳ԶûãֻԲá
Ԫ𵤣ζû취֣տҹڤ˼롣
ɽ˵ģµǡ
ĳ˹ɽꡣһ֣ɽ긽ʯשȫһӿ๤æȥȴİǸϻȥ
֣
ȥɻ
˵գͷܹż£һƥ񿥵ȻҿԶԶľ͹˵˿£
һЩūߡЩū͵ģǴ඼ԭ̺˺͹ŮΪǲڹУҪңǵΪĹĹʱ޺ãǵꡣ
Щ˺͹Ů׷ĹͷһЩϳһȥɣһȥɣ
ʱһͷͻȻ˵¡ͷȥһŮˡ
ŽͻȻһ䣺̺˵ŮǷŮ󽪽һȥ
˹嵽
ץŮˣ´һۣʣ̺˵ģ
ĬǣҴСڷҳģǺһ𳤴ģǷŮ
๤ˮͰץȥˮͰˮͷϡĬʲôæϴɾ¶ȻЩ԰ݣȷʵŮͬ
ЩŮ׶ļУĬ
ѰĬҲץ
ߵߵţĬϣһ㶼ܣסĴȡ
ӳˣ
ӳˣ
Ҫعȥˣ
̫תһȦͷЩΣҲЩȵȵסƣһ仨һֺ£Ķڵϡ
죬ʧˡ
ûг
ҡҡλεվͻȻЩηصлʧ
ͻȻиŮץסҡΣ쿴
˳ָȥڲԶĽºЦ֡
ȥȥŮеһѡ
һ£Щš

ȥһ־彥
ͷŮľϲ
Ľžֻǰˡ
Ű
ҪҪ
ﵹڱĵϣϱţͷģۣѾȥֻȥֻʣԼԼĸо
Ů˵ŻϲãҰüڵóԸ
ɪɪҪҪ
ûֻĥ
ᷭ˸Ϣģ봲ԽԽԶ
ϵ˲˭ã˭С
ֻҲԼ
Ĭڴϣֱһжġ
Ǹص̨ȴŮһֱߵÿ춼ܳճˮԡԵģӡ
˽ˣȴ֮˰˽
ڵϣǻȥˡ
ȴ˴
ǵ
˵ԭ㣬Ĭ
ĬԹԵģ»ᰮ㡣
Ĭ㲻Ҫϲ㡣
ĬԹԵġĬġ
˫ۣ§סϸŵˡ۽ǿϵĽˣСޡڴϢ˿ˡ
Ҫץסס졣
еۣҪҪˣģ


157 

ǡǴգֳǳ⵽ŮϷ֡
ǹţϵŮһҵĽãഺǴ´µĴɫɫ˿ڴз衣жһڵ߲ʻʱ̧ͷһƥɿܹĿһŮñӣɴ紵¶ѩϾϻϵһݣʱ߸ߵķڿС
ƥкüҲڱܣǶһֻֻݣ·ϵŮǣɵ죬׷Цµķɵߣ
죡Ҫһˣ
ܿһ㣡СŮţ϶Խ
ʱ͸ˣȡЦ
̫룬ԽԽɹˡŮǶص£ֳڴʱʱмô
̷ͳеһЩС̯ڴʱԼĹڴ˶ۡŮ飬һ𣬳ŴӼı͵ģСϡ
ʱСͻȻ棬ɽȥ
еԼϲŮһ걻ͻȻСˣǮ׷ιҪĻ
СܵͷҲأֻڨڨĻŮڿڶЦһ˫۾ŵƤĹ⣬ЦҲ˸ղŵκߣһЦ
°ɡŮӣһ𣬡Ӧǹˡ
꾪ϲԭǹ𣿡
Ůӹü˵ѵҲǹ𣿡
æ˵ǣǣֻǡ
ŮһЦ˵û£Ҳǹء
һ̽ͷȥԶԶֻͣɽ¶ϣ
һ湫һ˶ˣɽ¶ʲôʱȥһ
֣кù£һȥ˵
ҲУ֣ȥϻ˵кù£һֵùģ
ŮҲһ
ŮӾȥ
ǵ˵ʲôأڼ˺ö飬Ÿ׽ҾЩ£һˡ
һŮС˵иմκҴ£һû
úúãŮͷͷһ˵Ц
ɽ¶ϵϣһֻ̿ȸһڿڵӳԡǴǶɳȥΪЩӴ˾ͲٻˣǴˣ֪гԵģһ첻ǻժǹą̊́ժ¥ҪԵġ
һֻʵϰ߱ѱˣ֪ýιֻҪһԣǾͻøֶι
Ҫι̫ˡ˵
ǳˣͱ÷һЩûôԲˣеԲô˵ô˵һͷˡ̿ȸʳˣȻվ׷һ׷һ߽Уȥ߶ǵƨɡ
̱ʯǲѿ˵̿ȸġΪֻһֱŽȡ֡
߽Ц˵ץһѷǰȻϽܾˡ
Ƿ˵һǻ׷ҵġץһѷڵ̺ϣ̿ȸͷʳʱͷˡ
棬ͽ¾ʳ׼ȥǸͳԵ𣿡
˵ϳǰûԶһ
ڴɽ¿˿ûпӰֲ𣿡
һС˵ڹǰô˵
̾ͷҶ뽫һձһո裬ôˣ
ǹáЩߺ޵˵ԽжãǶǿġÿĹƷǮʲôһﲻȡ͸áȴ
˶Ĭ
ǵҾãҪͺòŶԡ
̵ѵҪȥ򽫾𣿡
ҡͷǣǡ
˵˵Ķԡ̾Ҫ֧֡
ѾԽԽˡ
ڽǰɽµЩŮǶ㡣
ǽɡڰ֣ŮЦ˵ǲϲͷĨ㾫
ЩŮǰռҵŮеıĸͽǲĸ֮ˣԼױ̨ʶһͻܽŮ
³ȳõöࡣ
ʱӰǶԽԪӡʱỳ˵ĵ˭
ֳǵİУԪһᡢ͡ӵĴΪʲôɡ˴Ժֻеһ귢飬漸겻˰ʲôһֱסڽº
ңԹݳҲ˲١
ԣܶŮ뵽ժǹ̺ΪŹ֣ð
Ҳϲȥ˰ɡ˵
Ů̸˵㾫ȥСˡ
Щ죬ùЩŮˣԼҲûʲô˵仰
˵ҽǽɣ
ͷ
ܿ죬ʮŮȺӵ߽Ѿ׼ºмȺ˷빫Զĵط
֪κ𣿡һԲԲŮһ˵
ҡҡͷ֪תͷȥʽ֪𣿡
Ǽֵм䣬ĸͣ⼸ûôòҲһҲӣŮӡ
̴ӵŮǶʶ֪졣
ö˶˲ֺ쵽˶𴦴ЦŬҡͷ˵֪ǰҲżһκˣҲû˵κʲô¡
£ҵעŮˡ
ŮӺԺ°˵Ǹ˲֪ǰŴκ˵κްˡ
жʱһ
ģ
û뵽
κͲˡ
κӲǲų𣿡
κӳײ꣬κްˣκҪˡ
ŮӽˣҲ⼫ˣһСöɡ
Ҳһ𾪣û뵽κͷ¶һ˿ݡǡô˵ڰ
еκҪһ£׷¶˻˸裬κ
ǸŮ˵κƽλͺˡ
ŮصҡҡͷյԱС˵˵ֻ²ء
գۣΪʲô
Ůҡͷ˵ģҲ˵κҪκӷֵΪԥ̫أκӾǷˣԺλҲȡ
һŮʣԥĶ
Ůҡͷ֪˵ӦκҪĳǳذɣ
Ҳһ棺֪ԥʲôĵط
ܿ죬ʵ¾ȥ˶ཻͷӶ
ԥǡ
κĳǳء
ǸǶ󣿡
Ҳʮ˰ɣ
һһֵ걻ֵվ˵ĳ֪ԥǣ
Ц֣ɣ
ŵ߹Ŀİ߽һ빫ĵطȻһȺഺŮʱ޴롣
ǸŮӴ󷽵վ˸ɡ
ְֻϣһŮӻĸ˱˵
ӹæһڣǺΧЦ
ݹȥһҪż˵
ƽ󣬵˵˹Ŀ࿴
ԥκأˮʹԥԱߴǧ
Χ˶˵
ȻӽţҲ¶һҪ˵øã
κʱ˵ʧԥǲʧԥκ࣬ԥǶֻκŵ˵̫ءҲκŭɱԥ̫һ£κ𶯡
תǸԲŮŮӵ۾һʱЩͣô˵˵˵κӺκֳϵá
ʱһվ˵˵Ĳԣκֲ֮ǸκӹϵãǸκϵã
ͺۿҪŭʱһְֻļϣһȻǹ
ʹ˸ɫҪǸվ˵˵Ҳ֪ɣ
꼤Ŷսȭͷ߹¾Ȳ˵κϲκֳ֮ǰѵܶΣ̫أκȥӲǰ̫صλק
֪֪˵˵ĹƷв֮κŭ
Ŷ
ԭ˰
ԣҲ˵ˣκͰγҪɱأ
ʲô
˵֣Щֲֶùˣκ˵κҪɱҿʱ˸ء
κ̫ðɣκȥͱκһκΪ٣
κ󣿺ߣǸŮҪκ
Һκ󡣡
˵֣˺ŮֻʱϺʳ
һţȤľͰ˽еһֱƻ裬ŽֻͬС
̨л
վڻϣǰ̫£ɫ̫Ĺâ̱أеһжȾ˺ɫ
ڿº
Ů֪ڿʲô˵󲻱صģѾȥˡ
šͷü
̫ûΧһŮס󣬡̫ˣȥɡ
ժ¥ֽûеƣûл
ŮҡͷסժǹˡĽ˵˵춼ȥء
ϲռʱȥʱȥûȥռȥҲֻȥѡȴʹͬϲռÿº˲Żع
Ů֣ȥͻؼס죿
Ůҡҡͷ󡣡
صڣϻ͵򣬵Ůʽ󣬡󣬿Ҫֹֹ֣ģҲܸЩ
ҡͷһֵͷ˵ǽɣӡ
ֹ֣ȥԷˡ
ŮˣѵȳԷ
ͻȻ˵ãϲ𣿡
Ů㶵ϲΪʲôȥأһȥһҹʱŻʱ޷ҪڴϢ
ҡͷܾãʵϲ
Ů⣬Ϊʲôô˵
ˡ˵δӡ
Ů˵ˣС˵ܡĸ岻ᣬŲӲס
ҡͷҲšһϲһŮˣô궼ӣңԽԽʹ֮䲻ô¡ܴп꣬Ȼû˿⡣ȻһŮ˶ĵΰӣͬԲһֶݣֻ˵Ů֮Ĺϵôá
Ůֹؽ˵ҲӾ̣޷Ůӡ
Ǵ⣿
ͻȻ
ڶϣصлŮ£ȥ׼ԡأһҲȣֻϽϴɾ
Ůȥ׼ԡأȴˣ˶£ߣͻȻ·
æסԼ㣿
󿴵ﾱ䡢䡢ؿڶۣǲܴ谮ӣʵңǲǡܵһˣ
Ȼһͷ
Ұ󽹼ǽûʲô˵ģ
˺һԼĵ˵ͷ
һЦ§ס˵ã£ⲻĴȻдȻŮ˵Ĵˡ
ۡһˮ˵ʲô˵һ飿
Բվ棬ͷ˵ȷʵô˵ġ
ȥֳǼر˵ϲڴռʱڶŮֺͬ󣬸èץһ
ɵǣÿ׼ҪˣǾͻᷢС߲ɡ
һΣ֣̫үƨˡ֣ڴ˵Ҫѣ¾߲ˣֻ֣վڣ֣ƽȹɡռ˶ٺôͲˡЦǣ֣̫ү֮ƨΪСѾͷ̫ģϷˡ
ڶΣ֣̫үķأ˾ˡ֣ҴŭȫǼס벻ϲ֣ô񣬸֣һ֣Ҹˡڱķأ˵˲٣Ǳ˸ģֻ֣ҵùˡ
Σ֣ҳˣǽ˷˼Сӣ˷ӱ⼸ӺϻɱˡǮȥʱ֪£ԲȰȱţ˷ӷ˶ٻغˣûؾ﷭ˣ˵д̿͡һǼҲҪˡ
ĴΣ
֮ÿһΣֻҪȥֳǼһ¹ʷҼֱʲôʲô˳Լһԣǲò
Բ˵أͱԼˣǰû׼һΣ꣬ȥ˲һԺˡ
һ죬ȥ˲ԣˣԣ˵һ٣˽˶˰˳ɼ˰
ʴԲǲҵˣ
Բܳ
ҡͷ˵һҵˡ
벻⣬ôԺ͵һһ
ԲĵȻ˶ҵġ
⡣˵
Ҳ֪Բ嶼޳׷˵һ㻹ǻġ
꣬ϢЦ⣡£ȥֳǲˣ
ԲЦ˵ˡѾȥˣϻȥֳǣżȻ˹һ棬ͤͤж硣
һ¡
ԲЦȥ
ͻȻصֳǣ˶֪
ΰ룬ֻ۾⣬ЦǴʲô⣿
£ΰ˵޺ˣˣ
ΰƬ̾ڲõʱ
Ҳܻ˳κѽ޸κӣ˭֪ܻã
ԽӲǸѡ
ѡ̫Сˡΰ
ԽС
κκκȻҪκһߵ͵ġ³ʲôˡ
κùܡ
֣֣Իܻ֣ϣ֣ܲƽλǸ⡣
ֻ֣ܼ֣ΰǱȽϿ֣ѡġ֣һɣֲϲ֣ӣȢһĹΪޣ˵Ҳһ׮¡
Թκ֮ŮκκҪκȨֻѡǸʲô˼
ˣҲԡ֣ס
֣ᣬҲ֣ѹסơֹ֧ܸ³ôҲԴ³ȡ߸ô֣෴ֲ֣ܸ֧࣬³ܵõĺôҲ֣֣࣬һ³빫Ӧϣпȡø档
ΰʽ룬ĸã
ͻȻͻȻ£϶뷨ΰֽ֪֧롣ڽСδΣҪġ
ķ۷պйӽأ
ΰоⱩ䣬ǡͿĸϲõˡ


158 
øĸ˸ǷһۿԶժǹŲЩӿ켸ܿߵժǹĴŴǰһ˸ߵˮףʢٽˮͭ౨ʱСĻ򣡡
ȻͭڵϣӻͳɱߵˮǰʰˮϵưҨһưˮڵϾˮ˱
ժǹǰˮףǷʩȲ͵ˮ£֪û˷ľͰˮưȡáժǹմӴ˾ͶһЪŵĵط˾ˮ֮Ҳٰˮġ
һˮͲйˮͭǰߡ
˯ˡڹߵǵ˵
żչһײпյСľմڰײ棬Ա߻дŽ񿴲֡
õ˺ȤϢҪǰѾ˺ܶණˣʱʱóһһЩʱ벻ͨ£Ҳˡ
д˭
񿴹ͣʣæǰ﹫ײѾùˡ
ʲôˣʡ
֪ʲôҲһֱأ¿ˡ
Ҳûˡ֪ȥ
ƣܿ߰˸̴ӾʹͭŮѾϢˣϣֻЩǰĺ̺
ϴ֮󣬽µѬ㣬ŶŵƳȥ
ڰ۾˯⡣ϢһתһĻӽºֻƬ˼ԲܿƵƮȥ
ǼԽԽˡ
ӦǽԽԽɳ£Ĵ̼̫ˡÿһÿһҹôĽơ
Ƕô߳ܡ
Ҽ
ȫסɱǲôɳֳǵõٶһ𣬻ǲܺԪһĸԽãԽ
ȻҲ˽ˡ
˸
ʵҲãȻż˵Ҳ̣Թһʱܶ඼ˣһʱ˸ˡ
ǲȱ̴򣬲ȱ֡
ΪǿĶˡ
кüǻˣĶֹסĿϢһڴ
֪Լʲôʱã뿪Ǽ¡ڻһֻͻˡ
ǰΪʲôè˱СèҧԼĺӡˡ˵Ҳ˵壬ܹèˡ
ھʱ˻Ϊ־ܶԼ¡
ʱ룬ٵһаɡ
ΪʲôҪôʹΪʲôٵһˣ
ÿҽ䲻ڡΪޱİָһ˵ȥҾܵþȣǲԥġ
Һˡ
ʱ˵˺ͽҵĽŲˣϸϸ˵Ҳˣ͸ս
˯ˡ
ʱѾ쵽ˡ
Ͻһ·˵»ˡ
𣿽˵
¿ˣĨɾʲôʮ·͸һʮȫ⸱ӣسŵʶЩǿ˽
ߵˮԱߣˮȴ˼ڣõϣһ֣ǿܿˣҲ׷ܵˮǰȰͷȥڴڵĺˮ
̨ϣϴ߹ȵǰ˵磬ڵأгԵģЩˣЩˣǽЩɡ
ҡͷһҸǴЩԵĳС
Щлкü𾪵ĿժǹΧǽ̨׶ҿ·İտǵ۹Ǿúվġ
˵ǾЩ죬ϾͳԵĳ
վڵǰЩŵĳ˳ϵ··Ѿԭɫģ̵
ǰæ˺üһ¸ʰһ
磬ȥɣġС˵˵Щ£ܵء
µͷ
ͶأҲҿ
ɡ֣߽㡣һ߽Ϳ϶࣬ȫѪӣҲȫѪӣܵȥˣ
ɽºٺЦ
ɽط֪˶ࡣ
ˣǽ֪ء̾˿ûж˵ʲôʳʲôĹ𣿡
ԵĶġ˵õôڳɽĸ£Ҳأһˣһشһˡ
ͬһ𣿡
֪ҡͷϲ
ڲ֪˻õ˵ʱǷˣõʱǱ
ס죬ȥʵҲ˵ʲôʱŷ뿪
ߵʱСĵûʲô۸㣿
ûСЦҡͷ
һͲôţ˵۸㣬˵С˵Ҵȫˣûʶǡʱǰץߣɱڳ⣬û֪
ûСԸȫ߾̨ϣһСҲûȥƽϡ
˵û֮ߣǰ˵»ؿǸٺһЦ˵Щͻ
ķأʵǸһҲ岻֡Ҳʱȥ潪ȴԸĺ뿪󣬸ϱˣֻҪȥĴ̶ӣһһءԾǣǸСطÿȥ̶ȴǴ⡣ʳΣ͡ȣҲ֪Щ͵ȥ˭
ĶʳΣǲԼԣתĻͻͻ
Ҳת־ˡ
ߺ󣬽Ц˵¸£ɡ
Ҫ³̡
ھҵĶˣ̡κࡣ֣ϲһЩʯҩ֪ǲ֣Ӱ졣Ҫʯ˺Ҳ֣ˡ
ͷһ˵һĻֺܶ£ɡٰѶҲٴˡʱˣһüǮ
ʱһˣС˵ӵˡ
ָǹⲣڽȥ֪ԭˡȥ˺꣬ԺͿ˳ˣһĴޣ˵ýȥ˺꣬ӳ졣
Ӵ˺Ҳô˵һٳҲټȥ괺ռʱ˵һ죬ڶô˵ϻȥҹˡ
ʹⲣΪʲôҪסϾڵĹ˵ǰǸСϺףȫûҪ
˵ĲҪģһ˵һίĿڴܸο䡣
ЦãʱҲ벻ͨΪʲôô
ڣˡ
Ĵ˽Ȼκ֯ڹңⲵȻ˵Ҫ֯͸ҲǲӲӥȵ޸ʽ͸»ġûϵԧ죬ԧ顪Ȼ֯ˡ
ÿһ꣬֯ﶼ·ȻԺҲûмȴܰ·÷ֺ
˵ԸϧҼ˵Ļܲ빫ϴ£С˿һۣȥѧҹ˼ŹٻӰ
·мдʹӦˡ
·涼ѱˣʲôҲûҵ
·󣬴˾Ȼ涵ĸ̾ܿ·ޣҼҹӸö࿪ģָöİһ̾飬ɫˡ
˿ɫ棬˵СͻȥҼˡ
ߡ˵
ʩһˡ
ֻнͽǡ
ʲôϣиͷһţֳ鲻һ˼
ǿңߵС˵ֻǹƴͳϢپϣ
񲻽ǣ˵ʲô
Ҳͷ˵ĶԡҪҪһعҽº˴һ£
ҡͷͻع
վڽºǰŴһƥһ˷ɳųǼ̵ţм걼Ÿں档
ǹŶ˿ˣĵ˵
һ߼Ż׷ѰŹӰܿͿˡ
ӵվ߹Ц˵ʲô
̾ع֪᲻
һ£ôͻˣת𽯱İã˵ÿ궼Ҫժǹͼ뵽ס˵ղŻأҽȥ
ºڣuڲԶñϷɿļ¼šԪڳһ̧ͷɽ͹λƲŶȥ𣿡
ͽæ
ˡԪ˸ǷִԱ߰ϰڷŵһֻϻȡһҩĿƬ£ٹһ۾˫۾;ˡְֱѽ͹еǰһڣһζʹй
ֻǲ棬ֱվˡ
ԪŷҲЦ˵һɵҩй
ǰ𣬴ʼʳɵɵӺζû֪ˣÿζһ¹ںͳֳҲͨУ˲֪˲Ѿû˳Ϊˡ
Ц£ؽ黳
Ҳܺ棬֪õĵҩȻҩθйҩЧصǣֻҩǲ֮ܣû
ԪҡͷҲ˺ܶˣûһεõ𰸣ԽԽ档رǸ˵ֻ־ǹնϵġ˵ĳֻҪԶԶĿӰͻ̸ĵ
ԪƽһˮҩɢˡκȥҲȥһ¡
ͷˡټһˡ
Ԫʣĺټˣ
ָžڽԪߵĽ˵Զߣǰ
ҲˣһСߴ̵Ѿ÷ǳЩϸݡᡣᡢڹкܶ๬Ů׷ڹ⣬Ϊ˵ժǹûʲôŮ׷
һ£Ԫڿæݵǲĳǣ
û˵ʮ䵭
Ԫ̬ȣԽ˵㳤ôûгţҲóȥˡ
Ͷص
̤յԣ߳ºųĹԶסϦĹǽһͻȻ࣡
ڴ߽УٰԼһӣֻǴߵһССˡڣ֪Լʲôˣʱ飬ΣǺܾǰˡ
ڣڿ߳ˣ
Բˣһ㡢uڴǰҲ̧ͷͦصˣ
һһ̨ס
ӣ㡣һῡ߹ס·
ſܾΧˣΰĻתڵĳȥ
ڲֳ̨ܺãԹ̫飬ܲΰ˵ģİĽõĺˣ˵һܴ
ȥժ¥·ϣܶ˺͹Ů߾ڿʱһ㶼ȣ෴¶΢ЦһŮ˵ӣժЩȥָˮŵĺɰ˵ŮҲ⡣
һ֦һ֦Ƿۺģ
쿪ˣ
¶΢Цֱĺɻ
Щ˺͹Ů빫ãԸ⴫͹֮İ顣оˣܶ˸ϲֻǴߵһˣҲû˳ЦΪ˵Ȼڴ߲ټۣȴһ߹ˡ
źɻ߽ժ¥һ˵ѻҰɣ¥ϵ
͡İѻһ䣬̧¥
¥ݿڣһӭָĽ˵ӣ뽻
˫̧ǰ
ûˣȴǰǰڹ
̧񣬹Ц߽Щ
ǰͻȻıһƥͷҲһ鲼˶ס
ǰסֽţס졣
һзĺܿ죬Ҳܿ졣
һϵӣͷţýʵκ
ͷɢң˫ĿԲɣƴ̧ͷϵĹ
ΪʲôҪô
ЦӡȻ󣬹Ͳˣ˰Էԡ¡
콥е
ЩϷһ˯
ͱ˷û
һҹûкۡƴȥ룬ȥΪʲôΪʲôҪô׽Ū
ˣժ¥˶ˣ˹
Ϩƣǿƿû˶Ȥ
ȥȥš
һС˵᲻簡Ūذġ
۾ǻŭĿҪըҲ﷢ڲ֪֮ǰԱ
ڣϴˡ
ǶΧȥڵķŹڵһЦһ£ɳƵǾ͸ӽ⿪ɡ
ſˡ
нɱ¥еˡ
ɱĻҲɱġ
ȻǱû¶һ˿һŭݡ
ƽ˵һڣ֪ɤжƣô֪ʲô𣿡ָŴ˵ժ¥һֻҪ˿ϴ߳ȥ˶֪¥˯һҹ
벻͸ģҲġɹҪõĽ¡
Ϊʲô
Цһ£ӳ緹ֻ¹ӲԸɣҾͲˡ
Ĭһ£ΪһӲֱۡ
ӵĽʱɡ˵պұԭ
һۣת¥ȥˡ
㿴
ǲǽ𣿡
ôժ¥ˣ
һ߳ȥ⣬Ĵ˽ĵһҹһæϳӣôڲų˵ҪؼҾ͸ϳӣû뵽װ׵һϡ
˵߰ɡ
صңûлԼԺӣֱȥΰ
ΰͽһǿе㾪ȡ
Ҫǽϵ·֣Ͱ͵ġȻڳѾͷã·ҲóŵĲˮһ£ȻС
ôˣΰʣһ߿ߵĴˡ
´رʱǽӲƣü
˳ȥһ˵ûؼңסˡ
һסʲôǵȥˡ
뵽ʲôɫʱն
ΰһۣǿ
ΰʽ
ƽ˵ڹҲһ۽룬ƣһ㣬ͻȻãͽƽƽˣժ¥
ΪʲôҪ߱ˣֻǱڵϣ
ù룬ַ£ʲô˺
ܹʲôֻҪ޹أʲôҪֹ
ҪԼȫˡ
֪ͻȻӷǻҪ̸ʲô£޹ء
׺Ͷ嶼ĬϽǽġ
ôΪ


159 
ӿɶ񣡣Ϣϵ򣬰򿴵ɵˤɢ˼ܣ˵顭
ֻ齰ܸĲˤˣĲĴǰһҹ˯þ
һ°ֺôһ˵ҾͲСˣʲôʱǼó룡
Ƥ߬ĥ⻬˵ǽˣʲô
ʲôʲôеһģžһ죡ɴۣҲŵøϽƬϸƣò˿ûѡ
ɡϿ˵˵Ĳԣ˴֮ŮϽֲһ죬һ֣ôֻ˵ϲ׷󣬹Ҳ
ΪʲôҪŮϲɻῴϹŮ㿿ϣԽΧŽԽġΪ˰ĽĹġ
ȻǹˣҪôѵ㻹ȥǰ˵ܰĽ
ưˣӵ⣬ŭҲȥҹѵǸСû취𣿡
ŭĳ嵽ңȴûмΰƽѾȥκˡ
ͨĵ͵ˣд͵ٽýٱȥκһҲ˻ͽ
ôˣڽΰǰ˰ɣ
ּӵ£һǽҪڼ׼գ֪ˣǶ֪УԼϯȻһƵգ˻ͳܵһ·͵κҲ֡
ôϢˣ˵ڽʹκ»ûء
һʲô£ֲܵô죡
ҪǸһŮ˽飬ܵ˼ŮӵסһҲҪܣοǵժǹ
ΰʹ㣺ʲôҪߣ
ù˲òָŽΰ˵װʲôɵ
װɵΰɫ빫ã޼䣬ʲô𣿡
㾹Ȼΰ˵ˣʲʲôȻôֱ׳˵ʲô޼䣿
ΰҼҰҲ֪ҼҰǾ׿밢һҹףҲһ׮ѻ
ƨ㱻ˣûô֪ܵˣڵĶ˵ɰ׵ģһŮܶʲô£ͬӣô۽խСֻŮ֮飿Ҫһǣ͸֪İĽԽܣ͸÷飬ֹŮ֮䣬ѵֻʣƤѵ˿ǣϵ֮Ӷ𣿡
ΰ۲˵
㷢̬ȲԣתŭΪȰֲǲð׽ֻѵִ綼û빫Сһ𳤴󣬸ֺαؼһʱպǰ̱زҹأԺ빫һʱô죿ѵҪŰ԰Σ
ģҲû˵ΰͷҲˣ̽ѵûԼжȢͷɣʱʢ¶ͷΰͰ˸ڼˣ԰ΪͿֻнʢһѲɡȻһѲڽΰ͹ã;ڷǸʱˣ
ǲԣ
ȢԽδǼ¡ڻûкӣϥֻһ빫鳤ĽȢ˹ڹڣǽھӳСӳѵܵеùйͽֵ֧Ľ
Īǽΰˣ
ΰͽѵϷ
ζ벻ͨ
ڶ죬ͻȻϾͿʼ뽯ķæ˲ʣǹȻ˽е̨ҪΪһ
ŮӴѵбĺ
˴̨ĽమĹ¾ʹ˴С
أءⲿ޵˺ѷΣĴ˿ôһֵ׳ſСŮһޣȰҪˣ㣬㲻֪𣿡
ĵᣬ˻Ա˵ҲСӣķˣֳǶأǰнСڣôأΪ͵ֹϲʩһЦˡ
ⲳҭǡǣΪ֪Ժ󣬻ȡȻ빫ֻദ̶̵ʱ䣬ȴ׹һϲ˰ڲˡĻ£ŹͰ¸߹ڹڣԶޣǿԼ޸Դغ꣬ںԹ˵һֵġ
ǹҪȻתͷȥ˽ǸС
Դ˵ȥЩǮڽϺݺݵ
ΣȰסֻǮȥѧˡ
ֹ˼죬ϵһ˵뽯һ֪ƭ˴ˡ
Щʲôΰʵ
˵ЩǱģǣֺ˵ͱ˴ˡ
ΰЦ£Խ˵ҲϲҼ
Щȥ꣬ҶЩ͸ˡ
ʲô׵ģҲսҲҽΰЦ
˵ǻͷأǻ
Ҳû취˭йϲأΰͻ󣬻ٵȵȣŹպ͹ʱҲЩȻҪǹҲ̫ѿˡ˼Ƭ̵գ˽ȥӡҲ֪ڳʲôˡ
УһѹԶԶ׼Զ񣬷ſңǰһξ䵽ϣܹȥһŰѼ߷ɣû߶ԶܹȥصĲڼϡ
һֱעű𴦵ĶлŮˣæС˵ӣ
ɫװģĴڹϡŮԶ˲Ŵͷɥİѹ£ԽʱԹΪʲôͻȻֽֽǸ
ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ѾѻȥˣҪ֪һ߹ӵģ
𣿡Сʲͣ˵Ůȴ͹ͬĸ͵ȥ˰ӻġ
ǲƭġ
Ļ𣿡ԥ
ģһǶԹõġʼᶨ˵мŮ򽪵æӣˣ
ֻپ𹭼š
ﲻڵڣŮ죬Ĳóȥ𣿡
ŮЦ˵ϢͺúϢɡ
ǡͷ˵Ѿкüûˡ
ܺæɡŮ˵Ҫϣ·ϲ𣿡
ֻ񲻶ȥ·Ů˵ĻȥִҶʱʱĵͷȴͷɵȥˡ
󣬽ͲټºȥмŮ˹ֻ󣬽ʼýѧϰʫǡȻûҲŮÿ콲һЩʫĸۣѧòãܡ
ţ⴫Ľ˭׼ôҵģ
ȻŮס˻ȥ
ߵŮ˵ҰСӣǲ£


160 ĸ
ǻȥժǹ𣿡ʡȥѾ֮ǰô¡ڹ˵±øȻˡһ棬ΪֻڹʱЩŮŲ
ȥˡǰųлʵǿʲôģֻżӳлˡڼٵʱῴͽʴӳлܳ档лŮǽžͻ
ӽʵ֪󲢲ؽ⼸꣬󼸺ûи˵һ仰κν̵³ԻǸŮѧģΪŮ֮⣬ֻнʻᳯϦûŮ̺򽪵˵̺򣬲˵ǿܡǻᶢŽߣֻҪ뿪лʲôԣ½ڵϴǶ⡣
һֻʲôֱһҪϴɾצӣڱסʱŲᱻࡣ
һ硣
ûһһֻһÿԱ˯˯˳ԣĵģʲôã
˵лŮ̬ȸıˡ
ǿʼ̵оֹÿ컹һʹŮʫ衣
ܲϰߣΪʲôƣվվƣ·ôֱۣôȶҪͻᱻӣͻᱻͷЩŮÿ춼ҪϼܣСʱֻܵŮڶǿӲˣǻѽץֻΪˣѽֱҹʲ͵͵⿪
ܲ
˵괺죬ôͻعˣһʧȻֻж̶꣬еŮѾϰڴ͹ÿɽᣬڹǰ˵˶֪Ƿǳġϲϲ͹׽
ǰڻءתͷ˵տʼöʳ
ժ¥˶ʳЩֻվڹǽңųⴺ˺͹ŮǶˣΪ˵ҾͰ⵱ǴռԳ裬̸ʫһչš
ڳл˵£ŮҲЩЦ˵Ҳȥ
Ů̲סͷ˵ǰȥڡǳлҲӦøһˡ
Ů̸֪֮۵µģǶǽҳܿᵽζʲôڽºҲĿЩЦʹ񲻹ܴһ߿³δڽϣС
Ȼų⽻ùǰĹٰѽȥ߸һЩͷڽѾôˣһ㶼ǵùˡھùҲûϵ
ðɣȥȥɡ˵ŮҪߵʱס˵ýҲȥ
Ůü˵ȥ𣿡
˵ۼһ
ҲϽ˵ʲô
ȥժ¥ŵŮ
Ůڸ·ͷ˵㵱Ȼȥˡ
Ůߺ󣬽æסܵ棬û˵ĵطСʣǲǲҪˣ
Ҳһò׼ʲôԽ˵ӣȲҪż㲻Ҫ㣬صﲻǸ𣿡
ԥһ£ҡͷ˵ǣǶ˵á˵ԵܵŮǽ̸ġ
ʵͷԣʱҲ룬ߵġ
ҧ촽Ůǲô˵ģȴһֱôġǰŮ˵ĲǶԵġΪܴϲǸӣӦøϲӣԹߴĳ谮Ű͵ġ
ʸ͹ǲͬģܼλֻܼλʱսСӣͻ˶ˣ󰵺Žߡòܳ裬Űѽִӹ͵ߡ
ֱڣһֱûкӡ
ڽʿУⶼǹڱ
Ϊʲôôãʡ
Ľ㣬Ȼá˵
أһȥҼ𣿡ʡ
ʲ̫ף̽ʣӣѵԸ㲻˵һҲ𣿡
Ҳ֪ô˵ժ¥һԵĸܣһ־壬һΪ飬һޡÿŮĶǱӵʱаĺ޹Ϊʲôأ˵ҽ㣬Һܺãأ˵Ϊʲôȥأ
ѵ˵һжƭҵ
ûлشʣˡֻ׷ں档󿴵һǰһԶŮ𣿡
ŮЦ˵˵ˣҿӲôȥӡ
Ů˵ģڶŮǴȥժ¥ʱҽȴˡ
Ůڳлǰ󵽴ûҵȥǾˡ
㽪ڲݴУʽӣĲȥժ¥𣿡
룡ҡͷͷҧסֱۡȥȥˣĲô죿˵ƭô죿ʵһҲϲһҲ
뵽΢΢ҧøˡ
ʷ֣æӣҪҧˣѽֱץѾҧѪڽֱϳ˺ۣ⼸͵͵ҧġ
ʰ˿ڰס§ס˵ӣ㲻õģˣ᲻ҪģֻҪлᣬһȳȥ
ҽĸлŮˡ
ȵô
лŮժ¥μĶʳˡ˵ժ¥ĶʳѾ̨һȻԵһˣ˵ԼҰ춦ʳھӡѹãΪ̸
ҡͷ֪ǡǰϳġ
뽪ʵ磬֪ʱͳ˽ǵĹһʼΪСۣܲҲѷһôСĺӡ
˵ǽϳ˳лŮҲᱻϳǱϳˣҪȥˡ
Ҫȥǣ뽪ѾˣСŹֻԽҴһˣͷڽС˵Ҿ϶лŮƺԴЩӡղĽˣܴ谮ǰ֮󣬽ڽºǰ˰ʮһģôʧȥ˵ıĹͽ֪ˡÿ춼Ҫ飬ĳ谮֮ǰҲˡ
ǼŮһЦ˵ζǲԴΪ١
ֱ˵ȥǣ˵ǻ˵ࡣ
ҪСġȻ֪ýðգҲҪıϳ㳣ڳлһ˾죬㶼Σա
ǵͷ֪
ЩǣȥٶһأղžýʵûаѹĻȥסҪȥŮǱߵĽǣС˵㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
֪ǽĿǼŮѽȥ
ס˵֪ʲôǣ̫嶯ˣ
վסţû취񣬽˵ףʱΪڳˣҲûб衣
˵ֻæ
ҡͷ˵ǱҰˣ
ʲô𣿡Ƿʽ񣬡Ƕˣѵ㵽ڻ湫ˮ𣿹ҲҰģҲöԹãҲ϶ڴϸó㻹ǵڵʱ򣬹δż£Ҳܸ⣬ܰ﹫ȥ뿪ˣһӾʧ˱۰򡣡սȭͷһ
Žǳȥ΢ЦЩŮм䣬ǵˮ˵
ǣ㲻ȥ﹫ֻһǿ
վһת¥ȥˡ
ڽ󣬽סԼ죬ղǾû뵽ͽǳ
ǲǡС˵뱳ѹ
ҡͷ뱳ѹҲֻڶѣԺ᲻ᣬû֪
С˵ôáѵһֱ鹫𣿡
¿Ц૵˶û취һֱ鹫ҡҡͷ˵ʲôһֱ鹫ߵĽСӣ㣬뿪𣿹˶û취ô˵Զ͹һأ
Խ˵˵ĲԶһ𣬾һҪøǿС
⣬˵ǱöԹãҪǿ񽫾һøǿǸڽºԸĽҪǿö࣬룬ĿľҪܰϹˡ
ûС˵Ҫָǿȹǿ˲ܰ﹫
ȹǿСôأûϻܱȹǿǡֻдн˲аɣЩôõ
Ҫ͹һǿСȹˣﲻæֻϺȡƽ˵Ž۾˵ڹߣǾֻôǣܰǻôĻǶԵġ
ʳ󣬽Ҳˣ˵ǸЩŮȥˡ
ȻǾȻЩŮȥ˳лҲ˽ͽʡ
˵֮ǰ֪ϹĶл˶ԵӻǺû˵ϻȥ
󽹼Ŀ
ͷȻҪǽʣʲôأ̫С˵Ů֮Щˡ𿴽ǼǰСӣŮ͵һҲϡ棬ֳܶˣҲˡ
Ц˵СҾ˵мһ
ĿɿڴȻأӦˣ
ǵͷȥһ˫ӡ
˵һ飬Сĵ㣬ܵȥĵطʲôϢûİȫҪֻôΪҲòȥ⣬ȫû뵽ǾȻַ˿лĴš
ǵͷ֪ģһСĵġ


161 
ҹ󺹵ȥҽ˵
ժ¥߱øˣ类uġй귢ǮϰߣһʼǸǷѹǮͷչҲУһ첼šȴֱӼѷ͵¥£ɽġ
ͷȥ˵
С˵ڡ
ףൽʲô£಻˵һҪȥѹ
ȥǲȥ׶ʡ
вȥˣ͵͵˯ߵĽ¡
̷ˣʱ˵壬㲻˵Ǿ߽һġվǰһʱ̿Ŵ⣬һ˵塢¡¥Źһ¥ºһ¥ϵĵ̾ͻз֮Ҳ˲˹ֺ
ժ¥һ¥Ͷ¥֮¥һ鵲壬ƽʱǽһ˿ҪʱԷֻҪ£¥ݻɢܣһ¥ϲȥˣֻܴ¥¥ˮբˮբſˮӶ¥ǽйȥϼѡ
ĬΣ˵ץһˣ֪һ£һҪ׿ڸ߹ɫ˵ʹҲܷȥֻɱˡɱ˺Ҫҹ˳ȥ֮ʱˡ
ڷ㶣̱ʣмְ˵ģ
üʮɣ
վ˵ȥΪѹ̰˴ҪСģҪЩŮ
ҪЩŮ˯ţҺοȵڣҹץҲˡ
¥ʱĽŲ;˽˯ߵĽ½С˵аӺȥǴˣҪȥš
µͷѽѣгס졣ϳǽº󣬵˵ͷ°쵽µǰݣȥ
һߣѾˣվ¥ݿС£塣
ڡ¥ݿڣӰĲǽǣ߽Ұģͻеĳȥ
¥ϻ谵ЩС˵ץ˸ˣҪ߹
ʱﴫ
֪Ѿˣæǡ
꣬һһĶµһյƣŵǰ˵۾Ͽڲɪɪ
ںڰУ˵ǽºˣ˵ߵһŮˣ꣬Ůӱˡ
ȻЩ߲֪ʲôҲûл͹桢̸֪õеϢԽصģԽ֪
ԣμӶʳʱժ¥дţ˵ϢǾ;ҪץˡΪ˲ˣǻȥϣ͵͵ùŮס۰ժ¥
һ
ץס˵ͷһѼ⵶߼䣬˵˵˵˾Ͳɱ㡣
˶˵һŮˡһŮˣסһ˯ڲݵϡֻ̺Ҫͽһ͹ȥ͹ȥǶ˵ڸ˯ڸ˯ڶӱˣˡ
ס죬ݸ졣ԴһƬңֻһͷץס
ԪҪԼˣ
ˣǸŮסߵʲôҲȴ˺ӣ
ԡΪʲô˵ǽˣΪʲô˵ѵ֪ԡ
Խ·ˡ
ߵ߷˵Ů˶Ｘˣ
Ѽ⵶һ£ѪǸ˴˸ã˶ֱͦˣڶǵͽ޹Ķܲƽɱ
ġ˵Ķġ
ס˼ꣿʡ
꣡ˣ
Ҵһ֣ߣҪ롭Ҫ롭
ߵ£Ȼǣ밲οȴһ¡ǿ취
ʲô취
ԪŮ˲ߵķ֮⣬϶бֶڱŮˣóȻ֣һ֣һҪ֤ӲٳΪв
Ů˰ѺǸкǽô죿̾ͻԪٻţýȥ
ͷǿԼһǳ
ڴӵ˶˭
Ԫ
uأ
u͹һ˵ġȥºΣܿóu빨㶼ͽԪһӳ֣ǿ϶
ҡ
Ϊİ
ϾӦûɣннӦһֱڴ½ԪĶӵġ
һ˵ͨΪʲôҪ潪Ԫأ֪꣬ܲ顣
ǾǣҲԸҪӡ
ǽأ
ΪʲôýҪһ֪ϸŮأѵǽҿԪ
ҡҡͷ⻹˵ͨ
룺˭һҪأ

Уܰǣ
˽֮⣬˭أ
Ԫ϶˻в
ҪҪϢɢȥ˭
ݾߡһ˷֣ζűŮ˵˻ֽ࣬žˡ
һ˿ԼĶؿɧ֪֪һδıŮˡûвҲû˺뷽跨ĺ
ˣڴϣӲģ
ͷ۾
ôªôĹأ
û¡վͽ½һæ
ƿգҹ뿪߷ףһ˿ӵƽ͸һߵ£ܿƺƼ
ЩѾжˣѾһʯͷ
޹ءǰﲻֺ
ǸأͻȻǸµĴӡ
˵ˡ
ˡ
ɱ˰ɣ
Ҳãʡڡ
ʵʲôֱѵܼװ֪ߵΪɱ˶
ԣڻʲôװģһŮ˶ѣѵΪŮˣͲɱ
αؾôǰ
¡˵
æڡ
ȥժǹţԺߣΣҲҪѽлһҪ˵˵׶£æ
仰ͻȻĵ׷⡣Źù˵֡
ȥ˵
ϣɺڱףҹˮ嵭ī֭һζıɫˡ
ʳתͷԽ˵óһ¥ĶʳԱߣǣЩ˵ࡣ
ʣǳлŮԺҪҪҲȥ
ȥȥ˳Ȼ˵ԵÿΪ׼ġ
ͷ
С

ǰ
Щ˵
࿿Щš
ĺܺáҪʲôʡ
һʼҡͷ̽˵ϲϢܸܲһЩǮ
ýȥȡһ۾ˣݸС˵ù֪ºһŮ˵£УǸŮ˵Ķӱˡ
ǣ֪Ժôأ


162 
ĹŮ˶ߣöֻ֮ߵ⸽һ
ΪסġˡŮȫڻջòȻǶټˡǶҲӲ
̺ĹŮ˶ܲˣǳ춼֣ǰ̨˴ɨҰݽͥԺм֦Ұˣïʢ֦Ҷ
ֻߣÿԴˮڹūŮ˿Ĵ߶ǻᱻġ
ǶĽժ¥ߣ͵͵ȥժ¥ȻֻܶߵСЩиʣ˵ǳʣÿһٵķҪģÿ˶ԳԱÿ춼ҪЬӣ춼ҪƤ
Ե㡣߹һ˵ԵּЩһ飬ɡ
˭һѾͰ͸ڻĵﵹֱϵõɾˡ
ߵĵϣֵĽ˵ÿ춼ôԵҳԣһǮɣѵĿĺ˵ÿ궼ڹʱǷѹǮҸƽ鲼Ǯģݳް
࿴ϵĺ첼᲻ƿߣõģ˵ĲҸտʱҪȥǮ밡ֻҪһֱŹⱲʲôǮأԲԣ
ʹͷǰǰ̾Ǿ͵ùˡ
˵йУûа
ҡͷʲôУڿˣеϻûأҪзҵҩҿҪ
⼸ˣԾһòСѲӼг룬һ˵
ǸӣֶŮˣôܵˣڹľŮˣĶŮˣ˵ģֻҹҹޣҺҽСǴ˶Ǵˡ
˵иӾͺˡ
ͷǰиӣˡ
ͿҪкˡ˵ϻزи˵𣿡
Ҳǵãͷ԰û˵˭
Ǹ˲ڴĹһǳ䰮ϸ߱ˡص˵
ͬĵͷǰһֲû֪
³ˣҲ֪ԼĹˣֻ֪Сūһطһط˺ܶΡˡÿζûˣ룬Ҳϵ
ֱͺܶ˱͵̨ⱲҸ¡룬ܣϣһֱסһֱڹҲС뿪ˡ
֣˵ĸ׸ġҲǵĸˣһ㶼벻˵ʱĸ׾͸ôС
ôһ˵ԺһЩŮˣ۰ַŭıܻƨɣԹֻţܰɻ
ţͻЦ
ժ¥صˡΪЩŮ˴ӲڰҲֻԺһη֮ǰһηһ죬Ƕȥ
Ŵ𣬹ˮææµµģҨˮΡ
һͻȻŵ˰ϵζ˵ȥժ¥ˣ
˼Цˣͷһн棬æȥ˵ժ¥ѧһ֣ǹԵģ
պˮѾչˣҨһưˮʱ磬Ҳֱ̣ȥ߶Χܵ⣬˵ժ¥ǵֱ̻Ƴ棡
ҿֱ֣һ̽˵·ֻҪ̣ͱժ¥߸á
ҲУ
˵ǡ̫ˣҲǴϲЬ
ҪЬֲҪɻ
߷׷˵̫ˣǸòɻˣ
һʰĲ𣿡
ҡͷģӲǡˣЩ߶
ˣ˲Żȥһȵôô
˸Ӳ˰
ȻǹԵı
ǿˣͰ˵ıβ˺ͽڵſڲ뿪һŴһ죬һӰĳ±˿Ƶģʳͷɿ˻ȥ
ǣԷˡ
һͷ϶ŲŮһһ˵߽ʳڷǰ
Ҳסͷͷ붼ûˣҩԺ³ͷƤȴٳͷ˶ôõķҲûãʣµͷҲܿˣڲ˭Ϊһˡ
һ˺촽ҲջˣȻ˿ڳˣҲղסˮͣҲ仵ȥ˺üš
Բˣֻȥ
һ˺;úȽһ£̽ųһڡ
ŮȵĿĽǿæʳһ飬ҧһڣóԣóԣ
Ƿ±߻һ𣿡
ŮѾܾûгԹôóԵĶˣʱÿŸӲıΪû͵ƣԼÿԵĶʲô壬ֻܳԵԺȥ¡
ңڻ˭ǡ
ֻԼţһڶûи˵ǸʲôԭǸҲܳԵôóԵıΪʲôҰװ׶Ӳ
ǰԼһҲŮŮĶù
ûΪŮڻϷǲġѾеǼǵˡʣµĲˣǷˣŵ˶ں
Ѿ֪ʲôǰ죬ʲôǺҹһֱڵſڣջʳ˳ԺʳûҲ˵һ
վڴǰߵз·ͻȻעһɫɫɫһɫʳĻУôһ˲䣬Ϊ֮ᣬȻٵһЩɫʶʧˣ˲ҵİɫҹȥɫɫĹԽԽǿԼڴϵ֣ղڿʱֲľͷϴϣƿ
ֻ˵ŤĹؽڣװ׵Ƥ滹һſһĶ
ѸٰջܵӰ
ϸ˵̫ˣϾˡǴҴҹѷʳϵҲʳջȥɨֱӾͰµʳȥһȡͣĴ
ı˭ģ
ͻȻһ仰ŵðһˤ˵ϡ
һˣ
һƨڵϣƴ㡣
æվվ˵Ҳǹֻ㣬ǺóԵı˭ģܸܲң
ŷǸˣȻɤЩɳƣ˵;һᡣͰ͵˵ҡġ
ôôóԵıأƽԴûйļƶһʩչҴûԹôóԵı
Щˣ˼˵ǡǱ˽ҵġŮ˲ţ̧ͷе˵ǹԵıǸժ¥ѧģ

˿ΪǱʲôߺöԷҲϾǡˡȻ˵Ѿ֪ˣֻҪ岻֪С
ǸŮ˵ĽŲԶȥ֪ô£ô뿪֮˵˺ܺãÿ춼жʳܶ˶ȥԣглŮҲȥˣǻժ¥ǰ裡иŮһ󣡰أ
ȻǸŲֻˣɵ˵л
ˣЩڣǶ̺˵İɣһл¡
˵ûһ㡭ַڷڴϣԼ˻Ӻסָ⡣
һ˿Ӵ̽ƺŵ֬
˵ûͺãҳޣǲڿޣ𣿡
ǣҡһЩ°ɣҲܳȥҺ֪ôˣ󻹺𣿴𣿡
˵ϲãǽˣ˺ܻ衣ǰڳлǰͥʱǶȥ͵ϵŮ
лŮܻ裬óǶúƯȻֻܶԶǼ֮ҡҷĻŮǱΧĹŮƯö࣬һ۾ͻῴǡ
ʳܺóԣǷŸֶ
ҶǸһԣҲǡ
˵˺ܶܶ࣬ǸŮҲһֱźţֱ˽ߣøɻˣ
һ߹߰㲻Ҫ͵ȻҪˡ˶ǷӣҪǡ
֪Լ͵˺ܳʱʱѾȥժǹˣЩʧ
㶼˵ʲôˣ
ûʲôɥˮ˵ܳ˲ɣ֪£ҽ
̫˵Ҳջˡһ߶˵
û˵룬ջҲûϵֻһ۶ѡ
ͷʱ⣬ٸǸŮ˵˵û˷˿һȻͱѺͥԺ˼󣬴߰˵Ҿ˵ȥˡ
ղŹڵϱͷİվ౻ʹļ˵ûء
ߴһ£Ц˵ҽһղӡȥ㻹Ҫȥ
ڰ־ˣǸߺɵ
ǸǰǶ
ֿҪˣһδƿһ죬һʳ⡣ΣûçײȥһֱšȵѾûźˣʳҲȫͻˣվڵǰС𣿡
˵ڡ
ӿϲϵһҲˣؿޱȵ㣡ǵõ˴δõĲƸ
˵һ㣬һ㡭
Ѿ˵˺ܶˣ֭Ҳ벻ʲô£˵ˣϻһº˵һӵŮˡ
ڵźˡ
˵Ƕ˵һӾͺˡ
Ǳû˵
㻹𣿡ʣû˻شãȻվֵһʧ뿪ˣλͷٻǸŮûٳ֡
кˡ
кˡ
˭ģ

Ӧǰӵģ
Ӧиӣ
ûӦģ
ſͰȥˮͻȻд˺һĲҽһ
ǲˣ
ǲɱ˰ɣ
ͷе㵣ǸŮˡ룬Ͱ˵ȥ
㻹Ҫɻأ
һȥЩˤһӣﵽǻҳеŴգûеƣʲôҲ
Ķû°ɣڵײιû°ɣ
ܶӰЩӰһͷ׷׶ܣҸһУ׷ЩӰܣǺܿ춼ˡԽԽܿͲ֪Լˡ
ͻȻ֪ʲôͷһҵڵأȻùӻ֪ʲôסͷڵϣûûӡ
֪˶ãЩͣڵϣ͵۱ѪȾ
Ǹߡ
ɱ

ЩΧ
һȡһϤ˵
ſ죬뺰ȴʲôҲ˵
ȥǸƽ˵ЩͣһͶÿˡ
һûӰʩʩǰֻܿһֻ۾ֻ۾ƽϤ˿ַ֣ͷϣ̧Դ۾һ¾Ͳɱ㡣
ͷӿ־û
ǸӵŮ˭ң
ҡͷ֪ƴһ仰ǡǴ䰮ŮˣǴ䰮ˣ˵仰ǰǸͻȻúܿµȻ󣬺һоĺȥ
ʲôҲ֪ˡ


163 
ˡ
ߵķûдֻһССţȥҪſ￴һƬڣʲô塣
Ƕ˯ڲݵϣ˯ڵϣǽºҲûд
ܶǲòһҪôΧڻ¯ȡů˵˯ڹ¾ͺܲˣΪů͵öࡣ
͸ȣʱɴɻҲãˮҲգʵûĵط˯Ϊûз磬гҧˡ
ĬڲݵϣǺĿţȴ̤һԴĶӽ󣬴ͲٽȥˣǸ۵ʹȴÿ춼úöţǧҪȥ
һȥͲܱˡһɱģ
ĬϽͷӲҳȥ
Ѿ˿һˣԽԽѰǰʱȥ߻ðôʱЩ׵˾Ϳʼֶšüǰҹ˯Ժĸо͵͵˺üû㿪ʹ˺˼ʣµ߾Ͳˣǿʼø׶
Ժ󣬰ĬҹͲ˯ˣֻڰ죬Ƕȥʱ͵͵˯
˸˵˵ժǹĶʳ˰ɽڶĽˮȡʳ˵žˮ
֪ȥ
˵ˣЩôȥأ
˵ǰкܶ۶ȥû߹
ǣǲǲ˵ǹɱ
кܶ˷Ϲ˵ɱˣ
ΪʲôҪɱǣҿǸɱġ
˵˵ǲûȥ
˵˭ģһ˺ٺЦ˵
Ҳ֪ûһҲٺЦ˵
ΧЦ˵ʲô
Ĭľս˯ˣ͵͵ű߿ûڣ˳ȥ
ԶֻڽºΧһ΢촵ϡ
Ĭ̧̿ͷȥңѾܾöûôˡţ趼ܳ
̲ס˳ҹȥֲ̫ԶֻҶ߳
Ǵժ¥ģʳ
ȥ
Լ˵
ɽʱʲô
ɽûûҹҪɻֻ˯ڵϣÿ춼ͷģˮﶼ࣬ﶼӣӣҲˡ
ص̨ˣ˴ĺӣֻҪѺͿˣ
ÿ춼ﵽطʱһ̲סܳԺ棬һһгŵºӺҲҪסڹ˺͹Ů̺ÿ춼ϴ裬˯ڴϣԸɾʳȸɾġζˮ˶𾴵Ľˡ
Ĭ͵͵ЦԽԽ
Ŷӣ˵ӣ㳤󣬿ǾͶкӹˡ
ͻȻԶһ£ŵΪԼˣϽ㵽һԺſڵϡ
ʱһŲܹ滹һһĽŲǰ˴мʲôһţԻţҶӶߵ˲١
Ǹ˵ӣԺͺˡ
ӣ
ĬĿ
뵽ˣһӣҲǴĶӣǹĵܵܣ
һŭ˵Ǿڸԣ㿴ҵ֣
һŵøˣӣС㣡ǻģ
ȻСˣǳ˲ƽԹޣǾǹġ˵ҵַŵòԣһֱҵ֡
ӡ
Ϊʲôǰڱˣ
ίΪʲôͻȻ֮䣬ﶼˡҲãԷҲãͨͨ·ϣиŮ˵Ʋԡ
ֲԣֱȲԣȡ¶һԹ޵ı飬ͻᱻҪվŲȰơ
˵˵Ϊܶ˱Ĵ㡣
뽫ҵĺӣͲôң𣿡벻ͨù˵ĲԣҪӣӦöǰòŶԣ񲻴Ҫˣߡ
С˵ӣ˵Ĳǰ󲻹㣬˽飬ǣøһ㡣
ҲݺԣҲţңôǶҺأ
ʾͲ˵ˣֻΧĶглŮҪ͸ϽŽˡ
ĬһֱסŲ뿪֮쳤ӣȥһıӰǸ·̤̤˦ƲȵġǹӣǸ֮ŵģ̴ӡ
סӣ
ĶҲˣҪӵˣĵܵҪˣ
ܵ
ǸƲȣ·ʱһһǸ̴žҪܵꡭ
˾ͺˡ
Ĭصߵ˯ĲݵԱ߰һʳķһһһ̲ˡ
ϡӬ߹ȥӬ˵һɿ
һ߳һ߸ϲӬѷ˶Թˡ
콥̰ĵ˯ڲݵϣȻ۾ȴû˯
ҹһ˽ˡ
ĽŲŵúᣬߵݵԣȻ͸оһֻ쵽̽ؽ
һѰס֣
ǸŵڵϣܣȴҺ
۾ϳЩƽʱҿһ
Żˣˣ۾ͣתţſڡ
½󣬡ֻҪ¡
ˣͷֺµҡͷ᲻ðֳųɵ˵ʲô£
ɱˡ
ҡͷҡҲᣡ
ܼ򵥡ϲĴܣֻһСӣʱҰǸСˮẰܿͻˣû˻֪ġ
ԥȷʵܼ򵥡
ΪʲôҪɱˣ
кˡŶӣһҪС
ΪЩŮԵʣںܲϲڳлֲ̫Զǰܵȥȥ󱻴һ٣ҲûгԣŶӰ򣬿ޣʶŻˣӴ˾ôܣҲû뿪л
ڲݴŮӲԶ߹
淳ˣΪʲôڻ棿
̫ܴʱŮǶᵽ±ڡͳʱܳ
ʶԱߣǰ£˵Ĵˣӣȥ𴦶ɣ
֪˵ժǹǲȥ
ѾǵùʲôˣȻ˵ǰסһҲסժǹǵˡ˵ժǹһᷢ¥ݣǰϲǸ¥ȥʱˮբˮӶ¥˵ˮˮصĴ·ʪˣܻٴ·ûá
𣿡ʱ򿩿Цһ㶼벻ˣӡһֿµˣǹ𣿡
ԥһ£ҡͷ˵㣬Ҳûд㣡

ܾòţ̲ס͵͵
ڴĿŽԼĵ˵ͷסߣһ̾ͺڡ
Ӧ֮ͺˣ֪ô£Ǻ¼̲סŮ˵ĶģʵϲǳẦ
סʵ֣ԽԽɡ
ʱһŮӰͻȻԶðһǾŮ
ʽһ٣̿ˣͷһѾͷˡһ£Ů̬Ź֣ȴƹŽȥһܣƵŮǰȥ
ŮȻһ£׷
ȥŮȽűȽ׷һͣһ󣬵׷ţֶ㣬֪˶ãǸŮŲˡ
ͣ£֪Լܵˡһ·תȥҽ
ƽʱǼطûӰ
ӣӣСţһҡ
ڣһʣʣ
æҹȥȴ͸ʪſڵϣվһŮǸŮתͷһ۾ͲˣŽ˵ӣҾ㣡Ҫ߹ŶҾ㣡
ʡʡŵᣬֻ˽ʡ
ܹȥʣղң
ʱסŵûǸŮл㣡л㣡
ŮֵҪ߹Ҿ
һ߹һһлģ˵
ŮŸ˵Ǹۣɱȥȥˮҿˣʯͷˣ
ݴץסʣңվסңߡָֻ֣ȫˮµࡣ
ŮָԼ˵һҪ߹ƹþСӣ
ƹãƹãҼˣһ߹ģ
૵
Ļᱣɣ
ϲİɣ
İɣ


164 
ҪɱϢȻһֳ䶨ķɸС
Ȼһе硣УҪǸŮºӣȷŮ֮ٶԽ֡˻ȲӽΪж
ΨһźǣֵǸߡ˴붼ȥעһߣʲô֣ʲôӣŮŮǻӡŮϻ᣿Ư𣿵һߣǾֻǸߡ
Ψһ֪ľǰѽˡʺܿ
˵ǸŮǹŮȻŮ͹ŮŮˣǵȴֹΣԶֻҪһ·ƾ̷ֱǸŮǸŮ
ڹеŮܹܳģֻʣ³лˡ
Ů׷ʱһֱ棬½ϳֻΣҲ˵˭;ŹŹֹ֡
ô죿ĵ˵ҪҪùȶڳлٳ
˵һҪɱأ
񲻽⣬ΪʲôҪɱӣѵɱǸӵŮ
û˵ǻô˵
˵ǹӻǸŮĺӣõĹ⣬˵ûзֱ𡣶ҡ۹׳ŵ˵ңҲôġǵ˷Ӿ˵СΪԺҲǵüˣҲ˵ĶᣬҪǱ֣룬δز뻻Ҳ˵þͲˣһСһģǸ
廰ǡʱĸĻͶĸãⲻǸ𣿡
һ㶣µͷ˵˵Ķԡ
˽һۣˣ˵ǺͰ˵ĶеҲȥôôԽ˵װ
æʣװʲôʱ򣿡
˵Ƚѽȥ
Ҳ뵽ˣʱϲ
æȥ취ʴţнȥȴڹǰߡ
ǡȥһѡ
ǻлҪ𣿡ȴº͵ʵ
ǱС˵һӲȥأ
ˣס˵
ƽĿŽǡ
ϲеǳȥˡҲģڰ仰˵ˡ
һֱãѽͽͳȥһԸʱգýͽ뿪ĻԸ⣿
ʱͿԼȥˡ˵Ȼ԰ͻȥҲչ˲
һ£ķӦĲ֪ͬȥ˵ʲôձԽԽźΡ
ǣȥɡ
̧ͷº͵Ŀ⣬ͻȻʩһվˡ
һֱܵ¥£ȻվסȻ˦֣־ҪѾ׷ס֣
Ѿվֱס۾һϽ»ͻȻ۾ȵĿŽ¡
һֱ£ýܡΪʲôͻȻ˵
¿˽һۣͷѽˡǻվԭأ˵ǣȥɡ˵ŰƳš
°ѽǵһȥͻӿ֣ߵǽ£ǽ¹ţǽڴᡣһֱչǣ˵Ĵ硣ԹܽǣȴܽǴӲǡÿԼдʱ򣬾ţĬĬͷԼ
硣˵ֻǳˡ
ʵѾҶʶˡͷһһεϥϣһԲ㡣
ÿ˶᳤ɱ˲ʶӡƽ˵ûб仵
𣿡׶Ťͷ
ڻûС˵ֻڹǰԼͣһ£ͷ˵һ䣬ңҲ⡣
ŽĹϣ˽Ӻͽ⣬ҲûбˡǰҲ棬ʧôʱ䣬֪Ժ󣬹֪ûλá
ǡ̫ˡ
ƴӲܽһֿݣγһĮӣǵķʳҲͬˡɼֻǹϰߡǶǵƫ
ΪǲŻԵôΪоˡ
Լʱ𲻰˵ϣԶ͹һ𣬵ȴ룺֪벻һأ
Ĩ˰ᣬס֣磬ǵôǵСܵܡԺĶԲˡ
̧ͷȫǾ־塣Ȼ֪ʲôôо˽ǵĲ֪ڴ
Ҳ֪һ᲻һˣܿǵĲŻʩչ̨ôأ
ֻϣĻһڽǰ
һ졣¶ס۾Ǿɱɡ
촽ţô˵Ǹá֡
ֻܴͷ᲻ͣӿصĵ˵ͷ
˳л·ŮҲָ֣Сĵ㣬𱻱˿ˡ
ˣָͽˡ
ǵͷܵķ
Ѿʮˣûн飬ҲûкӡʮʱѡУĸŮһȥ̺򽯺ֱڣŽ͸һ֬֬ʧˣߵĻഺΨһµģЩڽ鷿ϣЩĲࡣ
ڴһӺø飬͵͵ҩһӣȴҪĺҹҹȥһŮ˵ĺӵˡ
ѽ󵱳ԼĺһȥôȥڽѾԺȴͻȻãӦһӵġ²ǽġӣ
ǲܺãȻ顢¡ɰҪһĺӣֻҪ£ͻ͵͵ޣȻһһڹֵطҵᱧ壬
~
̾˿
֮ǰ˵ߺ˿ôСƯִֻҪֺ˹ͿƽĻȥȹ󣬶Ҳᶪ
ɵӣʵ۵ɵӣŮ϶͸жˣȻԸ湫ȥɱʢ
ҺɹˣҲǲ֪
߻б飬ﻹǵأ
һ˫ӣںһ̧ͷͿǶűߣ̧ͷӲ߽Ц˵
§סģѺƸȥɣЩ㴩һˡ˵žЦˣǡһȺкӣȻߣ
ȥժ¥棬֪ԭժ¥ЩкȫߣΪŮŮҲеģǵ·ù½ģÿζҲŴЬ³Ьţĥȫݣ֮£ֻԼѧӡ
ǾϲĴ򿪣̾ҪЬµġվȥѴƿﻹǺܿһɽųһŮպýһŵζ̶ȥˣվ԰˵磡ϽˮϴŰ
ЦݺݵĴһ½ǵͷ⺢ĥˣȻȥľͰˮǷǺݺݵİ˫źúϴһϴ
ϴɾ󣬽ǻŽţţˣ
ЦõϣЩϲкˡ
Ů˵£ղŶڽˣҪſһŽڲˡ
˸ָĵģˮǰܿͰ˳Եģʹ֭˷ۡ
һ̾ùȺȹˡ
ЦʣѵǺ
ҡͷ٣ÿֻһȻֻйȡ죬ʵĹҲûжൽե֭ĵزÿһԳԺܾãÿեһ֭Ҫһʹ
ǣÿζȣһ֭ӺСʱ򣬾רġ
ΪֻС
ǵﷺɬ֪ͽ¶ΪᱳѹǣôأôСʱ򣬴µʱ򣬹չáºƷζ㳤УΨһһرõˡ
¹Ϊϲġ
ڶǵãֶ˵Ļ
˵ˣܼȷʵˣ
˳ŰĻش˺ܶ๫¡һЩڹ˽£ҲԴȫء
Ϊ֪ʲô
ߵʱѾǰŮгԻƺ֣Ϊʲôôá
ʼǲĵʱͿˡ
ǳһٺóԵģˣԶԶĿʺֱȥΧŮڿҲҪӼĵһ̹ԣһʸ硣Ϊ˵Żӡ
ùӼ
ʼ½ǵ仰ȥĸ˽
ˣˮܾȻ죬ǷˡŮ̸ҩ쿴ȡ
ҲҩɡҲ£ֻҶ뿪һղǽʳȥҹ߿ġ
ҩҪȵġʿɲýˣС˵˵ˣ㲡Ժװۡ
װ
ǵһװǺܿʦͨһܣסϴʱܲͣĿޣŮŻˣƽʱչ˽ֻнʣŮǶ˵彪ǲǳʲôŻۣǽʾͱˡͥԺﰤ󣬿޺˹ȥ²ѡŮǲٴʣŻչ˽Ҳÿ춼齪һû취ٸǼ棬ҲٴϢ
ʱһȥΪֻۣܺ࣬Ȼ˯žȴԼְѲװȥɫӲÿˡ
ʽ춼ˣΪʲôû
ͻȻһ죬ǰͷͻȻˡ̧ͷ⿴͵͵˯ŮҲˣվߵǰʱû˾ĸ쳤ӣ뿴ǰ浽׷ʲô¡
ʺͽ˸񣬽ߵŮС˵㣬ǰôˣ
ŮΪòǶķ԰һۣô֪
˵㣬ȥɡ
㲻ȥһҲ㣬ĻңŮ׶˵
һ棬Žҿѽʲô
ǰ淢ʲô°
óŶôû˻˵һ£
ôˣˣ
Ůһһ䣬˵ø룬ѽƻȥһأ˨Ȼȹˡ
űߺ㣡㣡Ҳȥ
ŮһܵòӰˡ
˲ˣܵűߣҲŽż⿴ôˣôˣ
֪˵ʱǰͥˡ
ͻȻǳǰε˨ţԾϲĽʺͳһĽ֣ߣߣ
ߣһ
ɽʺͽܣһһץס֣סܡ
ǰ죬˺һӶˡ
˶Ķȥˣʡ
ûлشֻסܵøһ㣬һ·ܵժ¥
ժ¥
ǽٴֲĵط
¥ǰһŮӣ۾һܣʺͽǽקסӲǰ
ŮһֱĿгϤƽ֪һУҲһСڳлûô
ŵӣŮͻȻЦһ£Ȥ
ԼĶرϤУһŭ
ǹ
ֵǣʶ˵ôΣԹһ˿һϤСһۣͻȻǰʶ
Ůһ˵߰ɡ
͵̧ͷһˣ֣ղûע⵽ﻹһˡ˵ͻȻѿڶ磡
һ£ȴɫŹֵһ䣺Ϊʲôǵң
ΥģЦ
һ£תͷȥתýӵһۡ
Цˡ
Уټͼɬȫһ̻Ϊ̡
ǰס´һ£ͷ˵Ȼ·
ڷ㶣ǺͽѾǰϽеһ·ǹˡûӦһ¶ͷϣܿ췢ˣǲԡ̫ˣ·
˵ǵ·
ǰ·ûӣܽȥãܿ˳岻֪ǺõĽϹȥ·
ס׿ӵĽʵļ磬Щˣ̲סȸԾʽʣʣҪȥĶ
ʺͽǶһۣȻû˵̶׶ԷҲһ
ȥ档˵
˳˵ǵһǲҪժ¥
滹иժǹء˵ӣҪҪȥժǹ漸죿
ϡ·һ㣬ժǹ
кüֻ񣬹ǰιء˵
ˣһֻܴܴʹƽʣι𣿡Ȼ֪񣬿Զңףû뵽ι
ЦŵͷȻСʱȻι
潪ʺͽǺ彪Цˣ̧ͷڴ׼õĻȫ˺һҲ²ˡ
߰ɡǿ췢ˡ˵
ͷȥѽ񡢽嶼һȥǺܿߵòˡ
ûиߡ
һʼýߡΪʧٺ󣬽ζᱻɵġץһץȥʻûлŻĻˡ
ǲߣ˵δǾͻỳɹͽ˹ӣ֮ǰǻҪɱ𣿡
ֱڣǶ֪˭ɱ
һʼΪǽԪԪɱý
ֻǸŮˡԪǸŮ˲꣬ôҲӡĻǸŮɱأ
󣬳罪˵ǸŮǶӣȫο֪ǲ֪£ǾýǱ⡣
ⶼСˣֻҪýڹôôɱûϵˡ
ҴǸŮ˵£˽
ô˭ҪԸǸŮˣֻ߽ԪǸŮȥԸ˭ùˡ
˸ǷˣͻȻЩƣԽ˵ȶһĺáǸ㣬ȱȥҪʱҲԲһ
ЦԹԵͷ֪Ǳôˡ
죬ͻȻ˳ȥ嵽˳лɱִ£̨ϻûзء
ǡص¥ϣ֪ˡ


165 
쵽ˣһת̫Դһ˿ڹϡŮסӿŲܹ뱻յɹǽ׵
λڽºл֮䣬һСΧȫŨʻ̲ݡ
ƬƬݺ͹βͲݿѹǰ·סˣŮǾҸ˵ĵط͵һᵽ
վǰͥڷڷ
Ѿܾúܾûվ̫ˣﾰǹ˵һվ·ΧȫĿ⡣
ţҲȫ棬ͷ̧
ϸϸĿ˳
ǵ۾ҲЩȡɬ
ڲ֪ʧȥʲôΪһ˵ϡһ۶ȲϣΪǿɵؼ䣬ȴֻܲںڰķ
һҪȥġ
ͷЩŮ˵ȥл󡣵˶ȥȥºҵǸŮˡ
һű߷Ů͵ҪǡҪǽº˲ȥأ
ǣһǳġ
УнˡͲţºһں
ܺãһڻ£΢縧Ѿܾûôˡ
㣬㿴òã˵
۰ĿͷðɣϻǸ
ȥ·ˣ󿴵ȸԾıӰ԰˵ֱÿˡ
ڽ󣬡ﱾϲ衣Ȼ࣬Ϊ裬Ҳʧȥ˺ܶɣҲȷʵϲ裬ϲԼϲĿⶼϡ
̾˿ͷﲢϲȥֻװֱ֪̹ףԭ˵ǿûҪˡȻһŽѪĹӺܺãûУҲûʲô
ôͺˣҲ˼ĿࡣüΡ
㲻ô롣˵һֱϸʵ飬Ҳװ⼸
̾ô˵óڣںˣԺϲʲôˣҲ԰ͳȥظ⹬ా
һתЩжǸˡ
ЦЦֻˣȴˡ⹬ֻҪһŮͿˡ
ֹǰͥ裬Ц绨·ΧĹâˡʱ룬˼еĶ
еĹŮ˽Χ裬춼ܿֹһο裬ԶҲӡ
ͻȻȺзҽУŮ񿴵ϻƵĻƼܡһʱӦ쳤еȴڿ裬ֹࡣϷվȵ
ٹһӶͣ޷Ŵˡ
ֹǺ֪ʲô˷׷ĴһЩСѾʼˣΧ̸
ôˣվס󣬡ҪҪ
ͽУһЩǽˣЩ˵͵͵˽Ա
ҡͷȿ˵򲻵ѣ뱩¶Щˣô֪ڹл֡ЩҲǸ׳ƵģΪһߵʱ򣬰ȳġڽ˵жӰ뿴ڴСϵķϣһʼͶҪԼ
һŹֵͻȻȺг˳罯Ҳ̲סһУ
Ņ̀ͷһʲô
ջˣٶڻԺֱ۾üëӡ죬ȫԭڵĵطڲóֵĵطðƤۺ۰ף⻬ȴԹ졣

ץסҪܣ
ȴ˼ţܲǰ֣
㣡֣ȹںƮ˲ţһŲȣˤڵء
˹ȥס󣡿ܣ
Ĺܳˣǲ֪ǴģҲ֪ǵʲôˣǰ죬ѵµĶ
ǰͥ;ۼ̫ˣڸҳһࡣڿ޽У˵˲֪롣
һûסѾȥǰĹŮ̫ˣ纰˼ܲҪûãţȥˡ
γذͱҴܿϵߣסͷڵϣȫǽӡ
վѾȥˣͷѪ֪ǿĵֻܰ뱧ѵ˳ߣʱѾܵòˣ˻ˤڵز֪ǻ⣬˶ܹˡ
ʱЩΧǰ˸ֻܺˡ
̰ڵϣվǰ棬ŶذԶ㣡
Щÿһ߳
һ㶣˵ͷ˿˿¶ϵ·ϸϣ͵̧ͷˡ
еǷǶǷӣ뵱Ȼ˽
һҲ⽯֪£ʩʩȻһȻֻȫ£У̬ģ󡣡
꣬ͽڴǰ֮λ£·졣
һ񣬾ûǹľٶһʲô𣿡
ǵһ£Ҫ󡣡ҿ˿˵ﲻ˵
Ҳ֪ǼǷŮˣ⼸˵˴Ӳ꣬ڿǲڵĳǰӣ֣һôܵģ
ŮǰҪ赹õǣ˵Ҫǵá
һһջ˵ŮüëһͺˣǱ۾ҲûˣӸһбĹϵһֱ޵Ŀ⿴Ż赹ȻѪմ˻ҳ۾ģϧ
󿴷ǣˣԼŮ
ǰǸŮҪ˵һۣʱ䣬ҵҲˣһ߰ɡѽ˾Ҳ޷ֻ˵
Ұһ£ЩªŮҲ֪ûСһյһŬﱳϣȻʱȰǵӡðա
ǰѽ˹
ȵķֹзǾסĹһǺܸɾģһоסȻһŮһˡ
뽯£һסͷŮͲ裬ЩŮصѸٰԼ
Ǹղȷʵǹ¶ˣΪľǰ˶ܡ
˵ڣҲַ
ڿ쵽ˣͷuΪԪȥɽһˣȥ·ϴԣټһȡԪһʼȥɵԺΪȥУͻȻȥ˵߾ߺһȫˡ
ǵϢǴӷuõģΪֻᰵ뽯ϵûϵĿʲô
ûи߷uǸŮ˵£Ϊ͹㶼иĹӣǸŮūҲûϵֻŮūӣ̾ͻῪʼ
ͷϥϣס۾Ѿˣֺһ£װ裬ǲŻɾ衣
ܿҵ취ȳǵġҰܴ֪²ܾ
һ棬ʼվ÷ǻð֮ڹͲһӣǿģһܺùһˡ
ʣ˵ʲô
˵֪ڽºһŮˣ
һ¶𾪲Ǽٵģ̻֪ģ
ǣץһºʳġ
ϥϵ󷢾ˣϵĸο
ʣǷ˸ңôأ֪ԺֻȥȰҪʮϲֻҡ
ǣǴ󡣡
ΪΣ
ΪѾС
ˡ
ǵǲǺܷŭΪ˱βġ

ͻȻڴʱĸڳ϶˵Ļ
ôȶԽҸҳϡ
ļ֣Լһ·ڡߣѡһ·ԻڽңѡһҪڴͽ֮ҵƽ⣬ҪڸСĸҪȴáȴпΪҵˣ˸ͬһϯȨ
۾
ܿ죬¶˾ġ
۾ŷǣôأ
˵һŮ˽ôô졣
ϷַڱΪʱԶıű忪˰һͣŤĴŮץ˽˵ϡ
Ů˵ֽŶסͷϱòһˤڵϾ͸ϽӣȻ̧ͷתתȥȻʲôҲʲôҲԶ׼ǳ¡
ǿǸŮˣôأ
Ůˡ󡱣̼ƴ߽Уƴ㡣
ŷǡ
Ǻӡ
Ƕ֪Ǹ壬һʼͷŽΪ˱⽯ȥҴŮΪץˡ
˵
ΧͻȻĬҴϢţֻҲ֪ʲôԭͻȻ˺ܶߣССӱˣȴˣͷҲʼѵĵʹһΣòס±ȥߴʹ˲Ӧܣ˵Ѵɵ͵Ǹһõģ
ʹ˸ɵЩ˾ͳץסʱƴУЩͷȴûһЩ˶
ǡ
Ĭߺ޵룬˭Ǹ˵ʱôõĻᶼûɱ˵أܣҲֻ֣ɱ
Щ߿ǶµˣΪǼǸ߳͵͵ȥ˵ĻǸߵʬˮ֣һԣİ̿ϣȥˡԺǾҲ˵Ҳһ𣬳Ȼ⣬ʲôˡǰǻһЩˮʲôġ
ֻҪͺˡ
ֻҪǸСӾͺˡ
ʱͿԹˣͲˡ
ĬŶӣתšǵǡ˵ôǰǣ
ѵҲˣǰأҲأ
ҲǸղץˣʵǷҵˣ
ǿûϳ
ô죿Ϊʲôûأ
ԽԽˡţ˵磬˾Ұ߰ɡ
Ĭһ㣬ֲҶ㡣ȻܺΣգӺͰǷ˴ĺô죿඼Ǹ³أ
ߺô죿ɱ𣿡
˵ǴĹ⣬ǲɱġ
ǣѺСһ𣿡
ʲô
ĬҲ㿴ǺͽҲŮ仰øˡ
Ķӣ
Сģ
ΪʲôҪСģ
ͷǶ뵽Ϊʲô˶ЩȣĪŮ˻Щٴһ鰢Ĭϵװ͸ˡ
תͷʰѰĬץˣŮǴץģ
һ˵䣬Щסһ𡣡
Цˣ˲Ҵ˰ɣѵЩ۲Ůˣ˯ǵôǴŮˣ
һȥ˺ĬϵĲĬŵüС
ĺӡǵ۾ɴˣֻ¶һֻۣĬ˫Ϥİ۾ţ־彥ϱ
󿴵ǶŮ˳Ĭʶˣ
ǵһ˵ذɣҸˡͬǣץסĬָڷס
Ĭץסһ⣬۵ģƴеңң
һеķŮȫϳˣʱ˾ȥѷƿסĬµµĿΪʲôǺõģΪʲôǺõģŮ˽ָڰĬץѪӣƺԲޣͷݺݵҧڰĬϣ
Ĭ
ʱūͰ˳ˣ
ôˣҵŮȫˡȴŽѽﱣܣеȵȣǸ˵ѰĬһߣūѾ˰ſڰĬϵŮͱ˰Ĭ
ū̧ͷ۽˸͡
ӵĿһۣˡ
ŮǶˣֻзǻԭأղū˳ɱˡһжûзһ
ȥŮůѪӿ
ǿǾ߾ʬ壬ûбˣֻа
ūɱˣץסɪɪİĬתߣǸһŮˣô֪ĬµģİĬﻹдĺӣһ˶ߡ

ūѰĬվͻߵ⵹һߵʬ壬ʣµȫ̱ūѰĬӽȥת˵һٱץߣһɱˡ
ĬѾ˺ķĲҩһ£ںڰҲһ˶һ£һΪֻԼ
ڰеǸͷͳˮβˣƵǰȻֶ˻ȥ
Ĭһ£סЩʹ
ڣūýúסºʣµŽºʵʵΧȦŮȫȦ治Լɵȥ˳л
ڵ
ܡ˼棬ȴһҲ׽
ʲôʱһŮˣ¡
ǰū赭д˵
Ϊʲôһ̲סʡ
㣬ŮūûŮˣĺӣ
˵ȷʵǰ֪˸Ůˣ϶취ɱġûŮˣҲĺӡ
ū˵̫㣬ǽ롢ΰȫҪһӴѵ֪һͬԼҲһ𣿵ùһŮˣڽǸʲô⾰
ĬˣūĻȥˣΪ⻰˵ġٿūʼȷʵǸ׵Ѫˡ
룬Ͷūһ׽
˵ĶԡģҲˡ˵
ūЦ
һ㲻ѯò𣿡
ūЦ㵽ڶûסڲ֪Ϊʲô˵ͽΪǵ뷨ܿЦ
Цˣ׸˵Һͻͷʲôʱ£
ūһƲ죬˵ܶ飬ǵס
󣺡˵ûף
ūûףص㲻ǽҵŮΣǴΣûףǽҵŮҪĶӣǴҪӡûдʲôҲˡϧͽ붼žҪýŮĶӡһϣΰͱö֪࣬ͽ͸Ů
·ץסʲôŵ૵ǣǸҽġ
ūÿֿĿŽ󣬡ǰָʲôֻҪڹôڣĽжҪĻ֡ǱϲҲãҲգҪŮһһУuʲôӰҿڵǸ÷uˡΪһڣô˵ҲȢ˼ҵã꣬Ǽġ

ˣ
ǽýûڴʲôǻǻ軹ᣬĿֻǸͽҴһϵ
ѽҿ̫ˡūЦ˵ҲԼ̫ˡŽһ˹ϲСŮ
ǸŮʲôҪģ˵ֻϲҲǽաայŮӶѣûһֻҪһֱŮˣͻһֱкӡȥˣıɱˡҲÿɰҲŪ𣿡
͵ÿū𾪵ķ˵ģޱ֪һԽʵûʲôܻкôܻԾҲֻıճлū˸һõϲܻᱻнΰͽ
ĸ׵Ļԭ˼
Ĭū֣صһ񣺡лҡ
ū̹Ȼ
˵ʶŮˡ
ȻʶǻӳķŮū˵
ɱŮأ˵
ҲáūƺһӾ͸׽ˣֱԲ䣬ڴĵˣݺ˷ҲûãһԷʩ
̾һвͨ룬˵޴Ůһһɱġ
ūչȥ˵һūŸȥ
ԼڴϺµֱ
ǸŮ˾Ȼ˸ӣ
Ȼкˣ
Ϊʲôкӣ
ֱҧסԼ֣ݺݵšԼԼѪԲޣûи߽㣬Ů˿϶кӵģ
ˣýݵľأô죿ô죿
ɱ
ɱˡ
⼸գֳǵ˶˵ڽǰȥԣյ죬纣ĿɾһƬȥĲǻԵСǻɫŴĳ룬Ŀıбϻƣͻɽֵ޵սߵ̸Цʣͻɽϳ󣬴ֻ˵һ䣺˭ΪԵôޣ
һӢж乭һͻ
ҼǵùһƤã
Ҳ
ǻҲмˣ
УЦ˵ϵ˶ڳ̴Ӣˡ
γȥԣ岻ãֻ˼˼˼ЩȸΪ˴ϲ
Ѿ쵽ֳˣµ˶˼䣬ϵϣϳԹ˵ˡ
˵Ǵл󣿡uţ˵Ҫ̸´ڹб֣żٳɴεԡ
𡭡૵ȻͷӦæʴˣ֪𣿡
һ˵꣬ͷһ㷴ӦҲûС
飺лԶ˵ɱʲôˣҲԸҡ
˵ѵһɱԼļ𣿡
Ĭ˺ܾãԸΪȥɱˣҲ뿴
һʲô¶ݣҲٹκˡ
Цһ£飬ģûôҲްҲΪҺá
ΪþҪƭ㣿ڰӶûһԼĹǸŮ˻Űӵڹðʹޣɱɱǡ
˵ıʹ˵˵¡
ԪصУˡ
ʲô£ԪūūæС˵һ顣
˵ǰǣӵˣԪˣͻȻЦҡͷҰ
ūһΪҲû뵽ǲҪҲǡ۽Ԫ˵Ϊϲˣðᡣ
Ԫ˾֪𣿡
ū״֪ɣѵ𣿡һӾסˣҲԪϣ˳ߣԪЦõĽסʲôȥ°ϰ
ūѽѽѽ˵ȥڹﴫһ÷˾֪°бɣ˵ܵòӰˡ
Ԫȵ⺢ǡūԸ
һſԪ̰ص˵˺ˣƺǷˡ
ԪҲæ״ʹַŭ˵ƭңƭң
һͨο֮󣬷޶޼һ𣬽СԹȻڹв˸ŮˣǴӷ֪ġ
ԪһΣǸȻ˵ŮΪ˵ľ澣Ҳ˲¡ˡ֪ѹŲҸ߱ˣŭ¶෬ϧȻǸٵģ
ҲǴ檣ɲֻˣ˷ˡ΢˵Ȼβһݣ
ԪĬˮĵ֪ңҼȼ˴Ǵӣһһֻд¼ҸڴˣҲûдҪ
ԪȻš
ϣС˵֪Ĺ˼ɣһȥԺ󣬾˵ıңǡһŮȣŮ˷Ͼ澣ңҴ˷ðãƭȡϧ״˾ҲǱӴ˵ȻˣҸľ֮ҲѰҸĸָŮ˲ûйϵȽ󣬾պҪЮҲʦ
Ԫſ۽
ˮŽԪվüġԸԶŴҵһա


166 ϣ
ǻصſʹޡſޡš
Ƕϰˣö֮ﲻ˼䣬ǵ
ϥϷһϻӣϻӱǧٴεĸĹ⡣죬ˣһɫ衣
ţŲζϻʮŸ裬һͶǰ¯Ժ辭죬Żɢζ
һŵ޵ģŲ
Цһ¡
ô죿һŮѹ˵лһ乬ڣ߰˸ŮŴ
ûȥĵطһңһŮҲŵúܵͣǲǶˣ
ʶˣӦǶˡ
⼸Ů˶ƽʱչ˽ģҪĺ٣ֻҪסܾˣʲôҲؽ̡νһʼɣΪֻţԺнأҪǽĲһֱãҲᰤҪÿֳһ
ŮǵúߵʱǰŸ˨ϵģз϶СҲѡ
ɽһֱҲû롣
󣬽Ͳˡ
Ůϲŷ֣ŵ̰Ů͵͵һңǰҲϲܳȥرǿʼʫ֮󣬸ϲ棬ŮһʼΪҲǿܳȥˣһҹûҵ֮ŮתʼĽǲǱЩɱˣнأ˾㶼ҲҪʬף֮󣬽һƬѱˣй˲ˮ£óìˮش̣ˣͷˡ

ڣһŮС˵˵ǻ᲻ܻժǹȥˣ
ôģǶ֪ժǹĹҲǺļƵˣֻôСѵܵ߬ľ֪ǸʲôˣƽʱҲժǹˣһҪͿġ
һ˵ȥΪʲôˣ
Ȼǹˡ
˻ཻ˸
ô죿ҲȥժǹҹҪ˰
ô˵ǰҡͷ׷׵
˵
ƽʱժǹһͯǼ˻Ҫ·˭ĵȥҹҪˣ
Ҫȥȥ
ǸŮöðʲôʱ˵ҪȥˣǶȥȥҪңһǶ˵ʱ˭Ҳܣ
ٱ˴˿ɥ
ʱһŮС˵Ҽǵðߵһܺã硭аȥʣ
ˣ̧ͷɫˡ
˵
ͬסһݵһŮȥţһһӽ߸ˡ
һôһ̾Ͱüëˡ
ǸŮҲòԣ۰磬磬ȥƼ˯Ȼȥ̸һžˡ
Сչ˽󣬻ˣ˺ӣһύչ˵ġ
Ů԰Ҳķ˼ȥˡ
˵ӲˣȻᣬЩŮµļһ츺齪ܵŮŲڰǰɪɪ硭Ѿ˺ܶطûҵӡ룬ӿԼܳȥġ۰硣
統ȻףǾ룬ӿȥ˹Ȼأȥһ𣿡
Ůͷ磬ǰɣ֪һᱻģ
ҡҡͷεЦˡʱô󲿷ֵ˶ܴЩŮˣֻūͶѣΪҵŴ߰Դ͸ʱ͸ܰѽ̳һ³ˣŮǷСͿˣ֮ҲҪпػԭǣǴĲͲҪ𷣣ҲϧþͷŵȥããɱˣҪº󻼡
ЩŮΪǸƽʱ̸޼ɣڷִȻΪֻҪѡ
οǣǲҪţ¾ͽҰɡôһ˵⼸Ůȫ׷׸м
ǸŪŮС˵Ժ˭Ҫ˵ˣ͵Լܳȥġ
ǸŮӯͷ磬лл㣡
ߺ󣬰һ£̾˿վȥˡ
˵ӲˣҲ֪ڹڱ𴦡
ҡͷûȥɡ
ͷҲô롣
Ѿϰ˳лݳ޵Գл˲ѵҲĸߴ
ˣǾͲ˵ˡڹҲ˵ܹܲڳлܣպѵһͨͨ𣿵ʱֻҪһָͷܰл
˵һչûҲûɣײ
ͷ¾ūȥɡ
㶵Լͺˣαٽһѱ𣿡
ŰѱôܰĸҽЦҪ͸ѱء
絣ǵһдġ
ܲİѱðҴλȥ𣿡ƽˣƱػһµ𣿡
ǽ̸ġѷǳҪǾһҪȡ
ūڴ߻˭ѣ
u
㣿

Щ˵̫ࡣֻū
һξãУǹԮˡūн룬۹нл
־
ѵõĶ԰¶СŮ̬ð磬ȥɡɫð½ҳҲźúʹȥˡ
Ҫ÷ûзӦ֮ǰȥ÷ɱҪڷǰ
ȻǻᡰӦһЩʩڴӦ֮ô죬Ͳˡ
ҿ̨糿һҽС
ǰڳл´Ͷ֪ˣһֻŰο󣬽ϣڲݴз˱ݲ߰˾߳лŮʬ塣
еıˣеıˣеȫһָץѪӡĶܲңңȫˣǿϺлŮ޶µ·׽Ҳϲ
ôᣡô
лŮڵ֪Ϣ֮ȫܹʬʹ޲ֹǿӹ߳Ľʱȫ˺ѷεĺ
һҪΪǱ𰡣
󣡰÷úòҰ
ʹ֮ɫŽԪ°ݣһҪһҪǵ֮鰲ϢҪͷЩ˵ˡٷ˰
Ԫ쳤̾ƺǳǳʹģǳǳ޿κΡ
ݣַ󣬲˵ˣǹµĹʧǹ£ÿڹȥ
һ潪ԪѹӣֹȥҪ㲻ܹԼôĴأֻǡֻǰѰ˵գڵʹƺί
㲻Ҫ˵ˣŮȥͽһ
лһƬ
̨֪ܿˣ۴ͽִ֮ʲô˼أ
Ԫٴη𽯺֮ûٶൢһ̡Ԫһȥ󡰵ġĴҴҸһǰһ˹
ӡˡס֮󣬽ԪֻڿʼΣǸŴġ
û߽
Ҳ֪ԭﾹȻôĿտ
ƿеţһ˽ǰĹһ
еĶ϶һĻҳõĹţʲôҲûСûд齰û޼֥ûŮҲûͯߡ
һݡ
ԪվǰӭӣҲʲôɵĿ򽯺

˽ȥŵ˶߹ȥˣ˿˺ü۽Ԫûдߴ٣Ҳ֣Ϊβȥ
￴һۣ˸£סĵط˵סĻأºôĹΪһǴϧİ֮ءôӣ
סƭ˵İɣ
Ԫ̵ȥˡ
һ߽ȥҳ˱ǶԪǺ˼棬ҲһӡǶȥ˰ȫϣǰ̨£ҲΧ
ǵǷˣǷ˳
ԽߣԽԽˡ
Ԫ˿ԭֻ˴ɨ󣬼еѾҳˣûе棬ܶ谵ġ
ڵܸͬɾһּͽıڵĸɾûκһյľǸյ
ŵҴ˿˿Ƶζ
ԪЦ룬־£Բȼ㣬ɼҲ̫ѹһϷ¼ӵˣͨǺܺġ˵ܳľȻǷңǻ˺ӵİĬ
Ůˡ
ҡҡͷ߽ȥȵķл档
ȻСǽϣҲϵķʲôģ
ɫ£ߵ¯ɢ̣һһɴҲһڻ
棬ΪѵתͷһۣȻ΢ί˺ˡ
Ԫǰдһ˵ǣǰ𣿡
סͷŮǲǷǣ֪Ϊǵ÷ǳʲôˣǰӡҲοˡ
ǣǣԹ˵һ仰
ǣΪʲôҪƭأ
ԪŮ˶û˵һ仰
һ廰ˣԲ𣿴˵֮һҲң¶ŭı飬һֱղŻΪ˵ѣΪ㣡ǣ㵱Ŵ棬㻹ļ˵ǷŮĸףѵΪ߳𣿡
󣡣Ԫŭĺֹ񣡵ڹҲֻ˵ѣδ˵ľģ֪Ǹʲôˣ֪Ǹʲôˣ¡¡
תͷԷٴκǣǣԹ˵һ仰һ仰ˣǣ
Ƕһ£תԪİȥ
Ԫϲ˫ۺ᣺ǣǣ̲סǰȥ뱧סǡ
Ǳܿˣ
ҲҼ
ǣԪȷǷǣֺ˼ˮݺǣΪβԹ˵ʵʱˣ¾ԼҲһѹ
ٰȥԪҲϰͷ̧ͷ˵ӣôôأ
ʲô㶼ǰǣԪ˵
ƺܴס죬ҿ޳ںġ
ΣŬƽ̧ͷ˵飬޷ܡת򽯺󣬡ҷ´
ԪҪ£йڡܰǷʲôǹµİǣ¾κ˺һ֣ô˵ţ·ǹģ򽯺󣬡˵ʲô𣿡
ԴǵˡǣҹȥŮô죿ǿɶɱģֱָǡ
ԪҲתͷǣڴ˵ǣ˵ֻҪ˵ģ¶ţ¾ű˵һ֮ǣ
һ¡
ˣ
ԣʱֻҪŻˡʱʱ䲻ܵȥʵ£ֻҪɧѳл˾ɢ㹻ʱѽˡ
ЩŮ˭ɱģ޹ء
ҡ˵
Ԫ̵˵ǣǾһǣתͷԽڰ֣ȥɣ
ôֻ˵أ˵лңҵŮʱ˸ץˣǻץңǰҴģǻץ˴Ů𣿡ŷǣҶģ˵£㶼û𣡣
Ԫٴοǣǣ˵
ǻͷЩ£ȷʵġ
ˣ
ǣתԪûɱˡҵŮҲûôЩôģɡ
ŭѵ˵Щ˶ɱΪʲôҪɱԼŮѵΪһڵΪװԼװˣΪĳ谮Ǹ뺦㣬ɱԼŮҲδ̫СңСˣ֪ҸǷ̫أ֪ȥĸǡ
ˣԪȣŭӽ󣬡ˣ֪ǽŮֳ̫ػǹ¸ģͺˣŽĻ֣²뿴㣡
УΪŮ𣿡ָŷǣΪ仰Ҳһ¡
Ԫŭһ߷ǰ¯˲һأ˳ǿһת˵ϻ
ȸղŨϼɢһ޵ҩζ
һ壬ؿھЩƶ£̰ѿڱסֱˣϷ͵ץסţ˾ʹ˵ڵء
ԪҲЩ裬ղվˣǡ
ʱūסڱǳץסܡūȣūһ۶ֻŽԪܡ
Ԫ
ˣһɡſ˵
ӻгذշǱȥһһһֻסȫϱ˼
ҩԽԽŨˣһڣͱǻǺ
ʲôһ𣬡ס
ڲѾ촭ˣֻᡭô졭
뵽¯֮ǰ͵ϵģ˶ãֻŵøá
Ϊʲôڰңһ𣬰ѿڱڷ·ϣ·Ҳͽ
𣿡ɴ¶ЦѪɴ͸Ѫˡ
󣺡ʲô
˪Ц˵
Ҳ֪˪ϻϣƳ裬¯ȼԺŵҲ˪
˪»Դ£ȴҩΡ
ͷллס
ǽˣܸоϵůһȥоƽδйƽʮԺ󡭡Ҳûеõƽ
һжˡ
ַûкˣƿץסڳһɽһѹϡ


167 £
յȫ˪ˡ
סڱǣס
ȻҲдסǲġ
Դ˵ͷǶõġ
ܿˣȴڽĳϣĸ׶˵Ļ
һĸױ֤ԼúûţĸֱĿⶼ˱
ʱΪ֪ĸʲô
ŷ֣ʵ
ʱܻŵġ
ֻʣˡ
ˡֲū
ʡ
ﵱ󡭡
ūʹһ˵ġ

˿𲻸ʡ
ǿСﶼܴҵϲĸ׸òպҲûãΪ֣Ů˵ĴǺòȣòҪ˵ãֻһֲ㡣
Ȼû˵ʲô֪ò
ԱԼͲˡִܰϽҵģֻ
ǡ
ķ֡
ãǱ費Ҫǻأ
βΪű£Ϊ޴
ǰˣϵҲûˡ

ˣһҲûôȥūֻҲû˿⣬ȥͻùһ޼ֵȥ
סԼˡ񽯽һ˰ڲҪñȽãΪҾصˡ
۾ʱѾص˳л
㣡㣡˵Ĵǰ˻һΧҩζ
ݿ£ǰͷιҩ
˪԰Цһ¡
羲Ĭĵͷ
˪
ûоˡ
ãʡ
˵һҹ
Ƿu˵˴ͽڹӲǵǹƥ˽ѽ˳
Ůȫҵ򶼱ūǰͷȥuˡû취ǡ
󱻾ȳҲǷu׳˼ҽߣΡ
̾˿޵Ҫ赹һС԰˵ȥ˯һٹ
㡭㡭ҡͷ
ӣֹסĳ
ȰӲǰϳȥڴٻ󣬽ĵһ仰ǣ磬ԺҪչˡһ£Ҫﵱ󡣡
ͷض
֪̾һܻá
ڵϣš˰ֽ˵صģ£ģ߰˸¡õܺܺˮԷҲ˵Ѫʱ˶޲һ
˽⽯Ѱ
ͷЩҩ
Ӧ˵ˣuûнܡ
˵ΣӪһҪˡ
Ҳûϵôоģṩһ뷨ڵʱ뽫ƾͼƣ÷Ǻ÷Ӫò֣Ҳû߷Ӫġ
񵱳һ
˵ֻǣΪʲôҪңĸأ
һ£ؿڻһۣ˵ֻѷҵĸ֦Ҷɾֻɣ÷ҡԡ
Ӫ⼸ˡ
ڱ˺ܶ࣬һɱӡҲ䰫ˣͷݶˣ۾Ҳ··ҪͯȻ͸ͯ˸֣з·
·ѷӪĸ£ˮ棬ϼ٣ͷڡ
⣬סڣuڵϡ
Ӫ·uţֵЦˣķuĺףСʱһôƭһˣ
СuͱȷǴǸؾصĺӣӶûһ£Ҳûв˵Ļ˦ŮԼϹܣ͵Ǻ͵ģ˵·ÿҪϷҲһ
uͺܻ飬ִкӡһÿضǷuƭǣóԵģзuռˣ£uˡǳ˿ȥҷӪԺ󣬷ӪøҪһӬͷСҪϡԺ󣬲Թ޷u»طuͬһƭǻϵ
С
uȭͷſ
ӪЦһ£Щֵܣ˶ЦȴЦ볩ĴЦҲЦˡ
ʹ죡ʹ죡Ӫɺ飡ҷĳ˵Ůҷ뱱Ůǣúã
Ůϡ
ѡһòߵ·
Ӳдá
߹u˵̺õ·ҪȥҪ
ӪˣѹڣȥЬ
ˡѾ޸ҲĴβܷ
԰ѷӪ˳ȥ
ڶ죬ӪӼ˶ˣ̾ѡٴνٴα˻վڷǰԷ׵˵ȰȰ빫˵£빫޹أһֱǳ빫
죬Ӫಲֻһӣžǰ̨
Ԫ˵⼸һ̲סЦ
࿴ط빫ľ̬𣿡ūҲЦ˵
ԪЩϧҡͷˣˣ͸ǹ²ȱˡ
ūͷҲˣֻҪûֳǴȥˡ
ٴ԰ѷӪͻ˼ңʱ˿̣ڹð֮ȡ谮Բ֪㣬Ѿ˽ͷβ
Ǹؤ߹ǰҪݺݵһĭ
Ӫˣһҹż뿪ˡ
֪ȥ׷ˮ׷˷ӪϺˮᵱӪ·uӪ´Ӵ˺󣬷ûзӪһ֧ˡǶǧҪĺ
Ӵ˺ԷաӪ仰Я˳˴ȥ
uԴֳǣͻصҡסֻѰ
ңˡ
Ӵ̨գ޷һš


168 
ԴӷӪ̨֮󣬹Ϳʼڼ
ᣬܲ˻ĲҲװװװȥװˣȥ̨˵һоãҪרĴѡ
Ӫˣuˣʲôʱȥ
ڻȥЦɵ𣿡
ɺͽģˮתֵֻѡ
⼸̨ĽУֻŹ㡰ĺĺеȡ
Ժûҵˡ㳤̾һһǲҺݰ
ܰԼڵϲȣ°֮δ˼ǵýԪȴ˼ǵҳѳѾʬٸڳ
ôҲҰѹҸڵϲȡ£պ󹨼Һ˶ϴˡ
uһڣҶṳʯ
һˣ̨գЩ˵ʵĴĶ⡣Ͳ̨ȫˣµ̨աաʮգЩµļĲľ£ΧΪݻ
ţţǲΣţߵһոµĴǰСͯܳ˵ˣ
ˣ´´ţǰûޣһϳס˭
Сͯ˵ȥûþˣ
ߣСͯĵţϣţƨɣĸţߣкĳߣߣ
鵧˵½ǵĻң˽ȥ
һܲ۵ķӣλժ·ϡҾլ֮һ
̨յʱΧ̨סġլڵ·߶Ҿլҷܼ꣬ԼҶϣҲиˡ㸲סһҹ֮Ͱˣһݡ
ժǹլΧߵľɷһЩƲĶƵˣʣµıһЩ˳ǮáȻסֳһ빫һķӡ⼸ķҲµˡ
u¼ҰҲҪһ蹫ơֳ˶֪ժ·ǲл˵ģʱһѲӣһ޹ʶĶҪסʡ·棬Ϊ˸Ŵ󳵵ժǹѹ·棬˴㡣ժǹ̫ƽס
Դס֮󣬰ҲòϣǸõط
ȰְȫɺͰҲܷ㡣
ʵ䲻Ϸuͷ֮⡣
źͥԺֻмֲϸбм¸һҪûֲһ飬ȻͷһǺ
ȵǰͥ߹ţӳһƬͺͺĵأ͹ƽЩطµĳˮֻβͣ
ǰͥٻмֻʣҰˣǽǡǰڵһ˶ߵдУǵüʱ򿴵ϲ˵ͷˣϴɾԣ
ҡҡͷȥuͷڣ߶Ǽ
ָ˵Щˣȥ˯ˡ
ͷ˵涼ˣܷ㣬ҪʲôУһΪҪЩ򣬲һξȫˡһ˵סժ·̷ܶ顣
Цҡҡͷ
ⶼйĸ
ȥȥŶԷu˵ðȥһɣ
ˮתڷֻʣСպãڴߣǸȹ١
û뵽ˣҪųԷ
ԾⱲֵˣӳúãڿҲȶӲ
uҲѾᵽǺ͹ĽɫѾתˣͷվͷĸ׽ȥ
Խȵĸ鲻˵Ҳǳ΢Цͷѷuĸ׵С˵עЩ
uӦ
ʱ洫СӵĿ޽ȽuѾվˣȥܵܣ㲻ü
뽪ȥ˸ӣģu߷񣬳÷۵ɰƢҲܲ⺢ӳʱãʱ⻼ûЦóСﶮÿɫһؾǸҹɣÿһ϶ѷȫҸ˯ɣƫƫ֪ǲǷˣϵȱźûãֻܷ壬ڵûûҹıţʱŶ˯ô࣬ﱧźӻߵߡ
uˣҲְæ⺢ӾȻų⣬uҲС֮󼪡
uҪȥֻ̨иˡ˾ûûģһη׹ѺջķԼˣñȥǸ£һĺӣһ
׾ĶԷu˵ⲻͦõģûˤ˾С
ﻹһյԶˡڹмٰӣһʼû֣ɷǲϼ˵ôҲܲɡ֪ǲΪƭԼҲû˵ƣǲͣͶǲˣŲˡ
η·uĵľǷ
ϵңȴĺźӣ׼ӰϣͱԹ˵޾Ҫ
uȥ˵壬Ұɡ
u˵ҲuѺӸuҲתߡuӻ򲼺뿪
uŵܵᳵ·ĵ߰ߵģʲôʱģ
ҲǷŮͶԱ˵ˣι̡ϴ򲼣ĶòӺ庢ӶǷ˵¡
ʰ˵޸տ޾ˣһ׼ȥء
uһܾܵΪЦһ˫ΪƵĴ۾Ĵհᵽ¼ʶÿ۶⸱顣
u֪ڸҷͻ޵øֻñŻȥ
ӱСӽֵ㱧ˣ飡˵ͷҲ̧·uСӸ
ǲϲСӣôãô᲻ϲ͵ٱųĺӣ汧ˡ
𱧶ӣɱһ
u˵ܵܵڶûȡ֣ȥ԰ѵܱܵȥһǾͲܲȡˡ
ͷžͷʲôأû⣬ⱲҲˣСӵһҪȡõġοuʲôӣСעպȲϷu;ЩΣϺúõֲԴӳһˣҲû֡
uС˵룬ȡ
һӣ᲻ãĶӣĶҪõöࡣзuպҪuġСǸuֵܺãǵֵܺãԶ׼
˼ҡҡͷСǵ£Ĵӵ˭Ҳû뵽uʱǳ嶯ˣԱȵְڴáڷҵĻһģǵ꣬̾ͻͷҷĿɳ
ֵǿȡ˵žȥʷˡ
ͽзɡһҷ˵ΪҪЩ࣬Ϸ˵ˣԷ˶˵ɩɩǹŮԼ֪ɩɩһǳ梵ġΪҲΪˡ
̾˵Ķԡ
飬СͽǣΪӳԵ̫ˣϲߺߣu˵Թеôߵģ
ôuСͱŵܵǡǵĽڱЩ֮ܳҹĳ
ֵܣԷ˵˵ʲôҵ˰Сʱ򲻾ôĥ˵ģֵ˭û

ʧЦ㲻ΪһԹްɣ֪̾ڵˡһֵܣǰԹޣΪ޴йڷӪƵòò뿪֮ĺޱ޴ˡ
·ڳǰʹޣ۾۾
ڣӪһɱ죬Ϣ
˶ǲɢˣ֧Ҳ˲Ʋ߹ˡ
ֻʣ··ͼͣãȻ޴ڳԣŷ·ĿŴֽɳơ
·Ҫ취үһ˵
·̧ͷ֪ķӪΰ᣿ְᵽ˵ˣǷˣҲշ롣˻Ҹðѵᵽδ
ŽȻСӣô붼ˣֻüë񽪹ȣͷҲе
ŶŶǣǿȳЩ֣˿·ҲԵͻأˣŷҲ
Ķ㿪忴ɫԣǰӹӣС׳ʵŷ˵СӣҪҪСȥ񣿡˵žͰѷˡ
ӱˣǣ˽ȵĻꡣһֱŽ񣬽ӵ˵ȥɣûչ˹ôСĺӡ
վһ˵ʵǸңһҪޣر˯֮ҺﶼУһҪ籧˵ţǸȥˡ
֮ǰĽȣڵ黰˵ôˡ
ıˡ
ʧһЦתͷuֻǴ˼ۣ̾ЩӳԿͷˡ
ڳл£֪˴룬Ȼǽϵԣʣµģȥܲµˡ
u֮ǰҴţҲȥġ
Լд𣿡
û𣿡u˵壬ҵʱأ䣬δزܿ¡ʱһʳе£Ȼ󡭡
ȻڷûҲֱ
Ȼأ
ȻͻһֱȥԶᱻԶ֣ǰͷպ󣬵ȷӪ󣬷һǻ䵽ȥ
֮ض
ȻڷҸˣȴˡ
uһɫ֪أֻûˡ
ǰһôӦԽΪ󡣡
˵롢Ҿ𣬹Ҳԡպ⹬УǴһ졣
ŽպвǲuԸ߾ܣΪЧ͡
ǵġ
ŷuȥıӰ֪ӽ̨ǽԪˡ
С˽ԪҲ
СҲֹԪһ
ǸŮ˵Ϣ߷ǣȴûϵԷǺͽ˵һûĺԶԶʲôвǵ۾ǿǶԷ˵վķ뽯ҡ
ˡ
ⳡҶˣԪ̵浽ж֪ģ
߽˵˵ˡ
µˡ
ǲлһϸġ
ʲôʱ˵ģʡ
ͷ˵ѣС˵ڶ졣ʵǳȥĵһϾ˵ҪˣΪԵֻͨıˮűԵֻнβˡ˯ʱΪҪ˯ڵϣûдҲʱ˵ҪᣬҲû취
ȵȻô죿ⶼʮ˰ɡ
СˣӲ·Ҳ·ĥšĥˮ·󣬽ʾͰȥˡ
ȻԼزͲ˵
ʣǡҪסأǶΪҪġ
ꡣ˵
һ˰ŴҴҳȥˡ꣬ǵһҪˡ
˵
ڵϣݹƨɣȫǺͷϡ϶ģһֶᡣ˵˵ҪϴϴҪ·ӵŵ۴УΧȴЦ
ǺӰӰ
ˮˣôĺӣȥϾͻȥˣʱ
Ҳ˵ˣֻԼ͵͵ץ
Ѿһ·Ҳһ·ִĥĶСӣһ϶ĥˡ
˵㲻һԼ׷ɡ
˵˾ˡ
ĴˣһӰˣæվǰ׷ȥһ׷һ߻󺰣磡磡ҪҰ
ʺͽŰܣһЦȥʰοӱ𼱣ӡ׷׷ģȽͣǾ׷ˡ
ȴڷܵÿ죬Ҳܵúܿ죬᲻˦̫Զ
һһŵýһֱͣͣͣټܣһֱ̫ܵƵǱˣǲſǡ
ЪųԷˮ˯˴
Ǳ׷վˣҪˣ
Щ˲޲ȡЦеĵӣͺˣҾ˯ˣ
ˣŵôУ磡磡ƴܹȥסĴȣź磡Ҫңأ
ʧЦְѽץʺͽҲϱ˵
ˣһߺȣŴıǰȥ
ҪŽͣһطȥתһתҪԿࡣÿ˻ֳǿһۣһ£ʲôʱٻ
ֳǳĽկʮ죬֪ûˣŴŽ뿪
л˵¡ȫˣյˣҵˡ
ԺЩ㶼ˡɫЩףùҩԺˣէһѾˡ
֪һôˡͻȻԺҲˣ
Ҫֻһ˿˵Ҳֻ޵
㣬ΪʲôȻѡɲҲҪ˺͹Ů
ûлش𣬶˵ҪϰߣӴ˺ʱΪʲôҪ𰸾Լȥҡ
̺ŮҲͻؽˣ̺ǰ硣
Ϊʲôǰ磿ҪŽİʡ
ûлش˰˳ȥ
˼⣬ֻȥʰ磬밢Ҳϴת֪֪ͷuڶǸʲô龰
ãȻҡͷûĹôȥЩ˵Ϣ
ͷ˵Ҿ͸߷ˡ
㣬˵ĸｲһ죬м仹Žľ£ߵԼ࣬ҵȡ
֮죬Ůֱｲţ꣬Ҫ
ɶͷԡ
롢ߺ󣬴Ӧûϧɡ͵
ĵͷǴΪʲôôأ
ΪΪͷɺá
ԡ䵭˸øһ㣬ҲʶѵһΪ˭иͻŴ𣿡һĿԷʲô˲Ǻ𣿡
ûо£ȻɰͿˣǳпֱһҲûϧò
ŵûڰĿ£ȻԼʲôҲ޷أ̵ĵͷҧס촽տڲ
˵ˣиᣬôҲô㣬Ҫ𣿡
͵̧ͷֻ۾֪жôԸ⡣
Цŵͷúѧһ㣬ԺҽôѴ
̲סڴʣĻ𣿡
һЦɵ˲֪һ˰ܺѣҲ뿴㣬ȴ׾١
һʼЩţ˵
󣬰Ͱڷȥ˶ߵǰˣغãȥ仰Ͱ˴ˡ
ΪʱЩΡ
˵ˣϢɡ
ԹԵĵͷܾýԽԽɫԽԽ԰ףĵ˵㣬úϢ
ЦһЦ
ߣٻͿŮķڣеˮһƬѪ졣
ĺѾˣһˮ۵ġ
Ůȥ󣬰ŶԽ˵ﱻ̵̫ˡ
̫ˣͺԼ־̸ܽٱ£ԼþͰ״
ͷɳƵȻҪôĸ׺ͽôܷģĸǹòʳ˼̻ģڽʳΧ˵гģС󣬳˱ŹһΣûܹ˵ί
̾˿ڶ죬׿ڶ˵
Ҫ
Ļʲôʲô
ӻҲҪԵӰ˳Ҫʲô͸ʲôʲôʲôŮˡ䱦ǮֻҪҪģ㶼ˣҲܾܾ
գ۾˵ˣش𰡣
ãġæͷ
ĶЦһЦºͷ⣬˵ǸڴŮˣҪֿҪȶҸܡ
ﾪУôУ
˵
ţٰ㲻⣬ˣѵ㲻Ļˣ
ҵȻǡ
ˣ˵ʲôֻҪˡ˵
ֻõͷЩί˵ġ
΢Цһ£ˡ
ǸŮµĺӣҲҪúõĶԵһܺ˱ˣҪǮˣֻҪҪ͸˵
ûʲô⡣ͷ
йԥһ£ͲҪܹˡ͸һԹ׽湫ʲôѿһҪԡ
ﶼһһӦűߡ
ʰ磺ΪʲôЩ̫ˡ
𽯺ŻѪ¶ҩ˳Ӳȥģûá
ΪãֻҪĻˡ
ԪڽĴǰԽԽ԰׵Ůˡ

ס֣󡭡˿ʲô˵ɣ¶Ӧ㡣
áһѪ֪ϲΨһãֻĲ
ԪĬ
˴ʱ˿̣ûбʵһ޴ֺŮˡȴ׾ʹӦԸ
һ˵Ҹ硭˵÷ǸĹٶǧ𡣡
Ԫ˵Ը𣿡
Цһ£кѣڲ˺ܶ࣬ÿɱһǮֻǧʣµĲģ
ԪЦ
һѪȥְڵϣҾ͵Ƚ̫ˡ
ӵŲŴӷǸ
֮ǰԿϣ뽯ԼȻǹԴԹȥ
Ϊ˱˱һˡ
û뵽ټȻѾˡ
һŰѽǰ¯߷ȥ氡еŰͥǰȫˣǫ̈̄ס
й֮ŻѾƽˡ
ûж˵ϻ˷ʱ䱧ͷʹޡ
ʽ󣺡Ҫʲô
Ҫ󡣡˵
ͷӦ
кӡ۽룬ͽҲŮӡ
زܵͷˣΪʲô
Ҫ
ЦҪҵŮӣͱñŮѾ֪ʧٵ£֪˴ڽºŸŮˡ
Ͳ³ս˵ȴҲ䲻һԪ͵³ȥɡ
סˡ
֮ٴݣ治ٱһԪˡ
˵ҵģֻô
ӦҿġأûҪҵ£
ûˡ˼£ͻȻ̲סһѪ
æǰסһѪȫ絽ϡ潯Ѫ˵˿ʲôҪ˵ģ
˵ûС
㱨𣿡
Ц˭𣿡
˭أ

Ӫˡ
ҴӴûˡ
ĳˣҲǷҡ
һҪ˵ɡ
ȥˡ
Ϣ
ҲͻȻ
˵Ԫڴл赹֪ȥϢ
ͷβҲ˵˴ڵѪԣʹʧϧȥ
˶顣


169 
ˡ
˷ѩ絽ǰᦡ
ֳǣҼҹҰף顣˶ˣϱֻблһЩ˲ȥֳֻͣܵȥΪժǹԵʣЩиãˡֻ˲ֻۣӴ⡣ҲѲסֳˣһϵһ򲻾ˣ
˼Ѽ˿ʼпˡ³˴మԼѼ⣬ֻڹʱŻЩ⡢⡣ϾҪ̡꣬Ѽ̶׼ˣһȥЩѼô죿
һͯ壬磬磬һˣ
Խ󣬳Խ³ˣڹ˲ĿժǹУ˶Уﷴôˡ
ͳפժǹȽϢ˻̽߹
סժǹֻн塢ū͵ЩͯһЩŮūԼµһٶˡһҲһֱΪڳסˣݶͣϰߣýÿλҪһ˸ֻһ¡
һٶǽλʱģǴϴˣ˸첲ȣʮվˣһȳһյĴܣڽ
岻ǣǶԽ嵹Ǻܿ
ʱмūͯ˵
ѼģǶֻ˵
˵ֻֻѼʮֻĶ졭֪ͯǶ٣ֻ֪Ǻܶܶࡣ
ɡǲҪģֻҪƹġѬɣôУľˡ˵
ͯĿɿڴҪ⼸죬ֻҪѼȫҪˡô࣬ҪԵʲôʱ򰡣
ߣ߻߻ͷ壬ܾ˵⣿
ūԱ¿ˮˡ֪ǸǵģǺٺЦſ壬Ҫǽ˵ȥȥɱˣǶûж
Ц˵뼸λĸǸ˻ȥû˵ѡļѼǣǾͲУ
ūվ˵ģ
ңһƤ
⼸ֽ߰˸׺ȥˡ
Щд඼ûڽֽţһЩֺͱЩūнˣı˷֣ĸɵˡ
ˣ循ȵôģ
ū˵и˰һֻгĿٰװֻѼƭǮǴ̫٣´򲻹ٽЩ˻ȥ˵Ǹ˻ؼ;б˸ͱһȥͶˡ˵˵Ǯ˲ҪļҲˣ˵ļҲȫˣ׼ժǹļѼûŹ
˰죬ȻбЩѼˣǵûƭ˵ƵĶ⣬һǮ
һ䶼ûʣ˼죬ˡ
ūЦ˵ЩһժǹҲǵĶôİǸ˳һʺһ࣬ժǹϵƭغҲЩ˾͸ˡΪ˷ų£Լȶ֡
ūĺӣס˰Ϊ̫ܳԣִԶپͳԶ٣ժ¥̶һֵ꣬ôˡ
ڿĵˣв˾Ϊǽĵʹū˾˸ӡ
һȥ￴š˵
ūڰ֣ȥȥɣȽߺȥϹһֻѼڻ΢΢ˣڻڷſе͡
һͯͻȻŸܽһŵݵ㡣
ūֱں棬粻ڣѼȴӦ
ͯҲ壬ֻȥūˣ
ôˣ
Т
ããҲ
ժ·ϵһլԺǰΧŲˣȻҶҿŽգһЩ˾ͷ׷ұ˴ղŷʲô
ūվں棬ĸߴֳԳһ׳ͣԶԶȥûʲô˸ǡͯС˵͸ղţиҵţ˰ÿ˿˾ߡ
Ϊʲôūʡ
Ǹؤͯ˵˾ͺ˼䣬ɤ˰ɣֻҲߣס˵Ȳţź

԰ˡ
һʼʱΧˣһ°ģ˭֪Ҳû˴Լ̺ˣţý˵ģЩģȴһֱš˻ھӣŰݼҲƴˣҲ̫ˣ
иؤţ˶ûУͻȻиţ˾ͶˣкĵĸؤɱȰҪˣ˲ʩġؤǱҲҪţ˱ԽվԽࡣ
˳ˣؤҪﴳס˺Ǹؤʱ˺ü֪ǶĻǿʵģһʼͻȻͳɤӺˣҲ֪ɥģһ֮¾ˣæ˸Ͻȥˡ
˻ûɢ֪һô£Тһ˺ܶ࣬ǲֵ磿ϸˣһؤɱأ
һȺʿǰߣȥժǹˣҶĬ·ϣУժǹȨ
ūվſһɫͯȥˡ
ͯ壬㲻㲻𣿡
ūԴȥã
ʲôʱãͯæʡ
ɱˣ׼ʬײڳӵʱˡץūū㣬˵Ľһ£༸λ⼸ҹ￴ŵ㣬İװ˱ȥӡ
ūЦ򵥣ȥǼǽǶš
Զһ㡣ūЩūʶǶЩģ˶򵥣Ǹ˷ӣ³ʱҲûٻۣ˲֪ģʲôˡйýˣһͲˡֻҪ·ھУ˹عܣʱ˵˸
ūҹ˾ȥڼӰɡֻҪ·ڼӣһһ
ŷ·ֶֻڲ˵ʲô˵һ飿Լģôܣô᣿
·ݳ˹һ˫Ŀףݣ촽ѣϡĺӹϣճŲ֪ʲôͷҲͷһ١
ѡɬľȻ˵ˮӣ˵ôȥȥѴȥĶˣһֱߵͨݣ˶ˡȰҸطȴ˵ⱲӶֳ߳ȥ£˵֪ܻã˵ǷˣΪԼˡǾӽ޵Թȥһֱûͣ¡
һֱû˵Ų·˵ӿ˳ĳ±ӣҲ֪˯һҶ֪˵ţݺݸԼһơ
ͳԲ·ˣȾƣҾȥƸȡþƲңǾЩСתư˾ƾͻо񣬻ܸˡ·¶һ޵ЦӲ߳죬ûû
˶ţһģһŵ۾
·ִԼһƣ÷ֵġôû緢֣
u漲һѱסˣҸôҲŸô򣡡
·һ⣬۵Ĵ嵽˵ˤ磡磡ˣˣҪˣ
uУȴʲô˵ס·š
ڹǰĴ˶űߣס첻ҿޡ
󲽽ƽ·ȲҪޡˣ
·̧ͷһ飺Ķ档
·ȻѷӪˡʣµǮȫһײģѷӪ˯棬ȻţԻҷuš
uӻûסڷңҲuڹſڶ׷u죬ŷuصŹš
·ĲϷӪˡ
һ˵·æ˵Ҵȥ
ͷ˵Ǿ͡
ȥu˵
㲻ȥ˵˭ȥ㲻ȥʹҪࡣҲȥתͷ
̾ȥӰ
ȷu˵ʲôͽϷ·ȥˡ
ֻʣ˷uͷ
uڲŷַӪѶüĿȻûһ˿İˣ壬㲻Ϊѹ𣿡
ôƽƽľӪѶһҲܴһuΪʲô𣿡
uͷָ
ȷʵġֻһź밢ҲһҲڣҲֻźԼ̫磬ûпŷվ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
صԼԺӣȫģǹɥ
˵·ˣ˵ˣ˵
һһڡ
ǸҸ㵹ơ˵վȥһ˻һǾƣůůѾƷڷİϡ
һ
ۺůĿ¾ףѱݸ˵ȥˣǲҪѳһЩˣ
̨ǿ
վժ¥ϣȫ¥˻ߵĺ

Ⱦң
Ҳ
ȥˣҪлĹŮѳᣬ֮⣬лҪѡһٹŮһȥ̺
ѡ˵ץˣʲôҪȥѳʲô˲ȥѳƺûһı׼ֻ˭˳ۡȥץ˭
ժ¥ӵĹŮ˿ԶЩȻҴժ¥ժ¥ȴǳһӽͰŸˣӹ˾ͱץסˡ
ϣˣ˴ǳȥͱ·ڵץˡ
ֻһЩӻˡ
ſĽɪɪ¡ҲɫҰס
ЩҲһЩӡȥսȥ
ֻڱ˵ǰȥˡ


һĺУ˳
Щ˶ʱеøˣ޲˫֡

ȾңȾң
ЩҲĲٺȽֻץ˻ûš
ֻ˵ҪһٹŮһȥ󡣡˵Ϊʲôץôࣿ
Ƕ֪ôش
ΪΪȻ˵ֻҪˣûͣҲû˸ץû
ץĳ֮Ļŵľ
ǲԼͬķſ֣ЩץסݵĹŮȥڹߣһҲҶˡ
ЩˣҲЩˣһ̲סȥ󡭡
Ǽ¡˵˹ŮˣһЩá
仰ǰЩŰ׷ųìˡ
ӹһٵ˺͹ŮʱһǸм˵Ҳһӻסǡֻ˵ҪˣȴץˣֻбԵʡ
˺͹Ůֵս
Ϣһ°ɡ˵
ǻص¥ˮ͸ɱӣʱ¥סһ
ҹ˶¥
һǰϴɾˣվڻǰϵ𣿡
۾ϳˣ¥£ǡ
㲻ǽº𣿡С
Цŵ˵ͷָһ˵Ƕ˶ǽºġ
ҪץҪɱģǽºлŮˡ
˶̵ܹˣǾ˳̨Ҳܿ챻ץ
ᱻץߵġǰ֪ΪʲôһҪɱǡ
ܾܲأô룬̫ðաΨһİ취ýߣɽڲ̻ǲժǹ򽫾կԪһҪɱǵĻпժǹͽկˡ
ֻʲôҲ˵
ƺҲûڴܾǵǺֻ֮ǰ֪˵ȥ
ϲˡÿν̺ʱм
Ű򡣴ӵ
ڴ˸Ůˡ
ѽ˽Ȱѽĥ²ѺĽǸŮ˽˽软˵¡
ŮʶˣǹŮŮ
ֻǲ֪ǲǽŮ
ºûв֪ǸŮ˵ģǶܹ̣򲻵ѣǶᱳѴۿҪˣֺαأ
һֱں͹ӡ빫鹫Ļ¡
̫˼Σδζʴʱǲ޹
һֱò⡣
ĳҪСһֱϣܼһǿ֮
ǰκԺ󣬹ӾͺʹΪ޵κδؾκǮ
Ǯ̲סʡ
˾ͽ͸޸κӣκѾκˣκɣκӲÿ궼ҪǮһҹκҪС
û뵽¡
ΪʲôκӲأʡ
һ˵֪κ̫խκ󣬽ʡҲǹ˼ɵΪȥκֻ»Ҫ̫󡣡
˵κҲϻ˵˾ͺˡ
ǺС𣿡ǵýֻǸСԶĴֺá
˵СȴҹҶļӶȥˣʱýһȥֻ½Ӵ˾Ҫ³ˡ
һҹ˺˷һʱһǼǵõȫ˽
ɵⷺǰף˵Ƕ˸Ƥ
˵˵һֱˡǶ֪
ֻʹ֪һ˵ϻи˲Сײڷת͵ˡ
ӴǾ֪Ҳ¶
Ǹɵֻһֵֻġ
ͣһ£С˵ҾôԽԽˡȥ̱һֻһصȥء
һ˵ǲ֪˵Ҽ͵ĶлϲƥΪֻһصء
ҡͷֹȥ꣬ӿأԺˡ
һ˾㻹ȥ͵͵ӣ
תͷƣ¶һЦʲôҵģ
ʲôҪġ
˶Ҫϴ衣
ԡ£㡣
˻·ˮ£ּϪ
˶Խΰݡ
δ̴
һ£ͷ粻һˡ
һ˰ͷڵϣ᲻ͣ䣬
аõܡٰһΣһ¥ȥˡ
̫ؼһƬҰס
ˣЩӻȥ󣬽ô£ɵҡͷǹ㲻£ǿ£
԰Դ˵ǡô죡
ūԺ֪£Ķ˵ɣȻҪЩˣͲҪˡֻҪץˡ
ժ¥£ţŶ
û취˺̨ףվǰ˵߹ֻץ˾ˡ
һŲſһ졣¶һСŶ˵˲ܽ
˶¥ǰ֪ڿ
߹ȥ£ҲȥʲôҲתͷЩˣҪͻɣֻҪ˾ˡ
ǲ
Ҳϰ⸱ӣ֪ʲôʱϲΪʲô£Ҫӡһʼū˵СŶˡŮֻҪˡ
˵Щ˾ͺˡūĽ˵Ľ㰡㿴˶ֻжʹŻء
һҲὪΪˡ
ţ˵һ䣬һֱ˿аʱŰڰ˵ȥҰɣ˵ˣֻץˡ
⣬æ˵ôƭ㣿˵þץġ
Ҵ¥һ¥ŵңôҲʱȥһҲҿվԶԶĵط˵Ǳˣ
ҴҶȥʬס
һΰסһ˵ԴˮУǸסԴ˺ܾҲûӵˡɱ˵ǸҲԼͷˮҲˡ
⣬һˣһ۾Ϳˣ̾Ծ
ôܣ
ˮ˸ϳ˰ľʲôǸԾʬʱˣСЩӡ
ū֪ҲˣЦͷýЩѳ˻Ѿѳ˶ʰһ£͵ɽȥĹûиأֻѡַȥˡ
߽ңŵһŨ㣬ȥһȻԪϣ˯˯ѷѣűһϻӣӶ˲ϸǺãɵһš
߹ȥѸӸϣͻȻԪ˹ס֣־Ҫĸ첲նϣʲôһѶϻ
ūڵϣһ˵ֻñ˿
ԪһرһְѸӸϣڻתȥء
ūԭأվվ
ôԪЩƮĵϣЦ˵ˣ
ūЦһ£¸ղվԪҪΪҪɵˡʱ߹ȥԪźѾǶˣĲӡؿڻȫǺ飬ɫ룬˫ᣬǺ˾ƣƮƮɡ
ū˵˳лͽºе˶͵ɽȥˡ
Ԫ˵ͷһҲ֪û
ū۾ˣսһţһŨҩ֪ղȥɵֳֻһš
ȼŨ㣬Ϊڸʱҩ
һ
ԪӦŵĳȥˡ
ֽԪŵ˯һ죬ڻƻˣ񼫺õˣһЦһţʹ𣿡
ūЦӻǲӦõģ˵ңߵᣬһҲۡ
ԪЦ۾ͺãһ뵽˹µ¾ﲻܣ
ɵ󣬽Ԫ˯֮˷ܺü죬Ҫ˯ԵҲˡĻ˵ɵ֮˼䷹ζֻ˵ķ˳Żóԡ̾ɽܲ¸͸۵ۣ峺͸𣬾ɽ˳Եɽ³ˣþס̨סĵطͬͬסҲշ
Ȼ֣ܳɣΪʲôܳɣ
ū˵̫ػûء
Ԫߣʵڿɶ񣡿ɶͻȻŭץ𰸼͸Ʒˡ
һܳ
ūƽһˣֵǵ߰ɣ꣬Ҷˡ
ԪĬ
󣬰ͽҵԼҪΪġҲǲԸ⣬ֻǾòôɾʹԸ
ū˽뷨Ǿý̫ػȥ׼ļױɡ
ԪͷҲá
ڶͽӵϢʾ׼ļױ
ױһҪһ׼ױҲ䲻䣿
﷢ŭԲ棬һˣĶҲȥӲʣ𣿡
ͷԲᲽݣ̫أˣѾˡ
ŭδߣȥĸס
Сﲻ˵ҲӽѶ⸱ӡûпޣҲûбˣճԷ˯һ㶼ûܵӰ졣
ȽԺСҪҡ
ҵɷˣŮҲˣҲڽˡҪȥ˵
ȰҪȥСϵĸĸˣֳҲˣڵֳĶӣҲֶӡֶӶĸжٸͲ˵ˡڽңڣû˿۸
ĸסȥǰɡ˵㲻ҵӣҲĸ׵áĸ߰ɡ
ܽôȰСϾͼҪңôڽˡ
û취ֻȥвҡ
ǮһԺߡŮˣȻԼ֣ҽӻСϡ
ңСϾǻˣҲǽķˣĸףҵһŹң
ҺúТ˳Сϡ
ҳϻ̳ϿֵĴӦˡ
ĸףСϷСЩɾ
Ա߻СϵֶӣСһҲǰĸɣǻؼˡ
˵һСϲΪֶ˵һ䣬СϾ¶һ˿Ц
ŭҲҷ
ʰԺС˶ˣȡľС˽֣Ȼڱ϶ְӣӽѾ棬ԺããÿһĽһ᲻ðģ
ĸף𡭡߽һ۾ͿˣСأƿСһѶԺĿѡ
ĸףΪʲô
ҺҪðСϴ󺰵ң
ľڻƿСϣĸף𣿸Բ㣿۾Ҳˣ׶㻹𣿸жðЩ㶼𣿣
ô
ô
޵Ժ󣬽ϧСʱ򽯱ңԽѵֱĸһӣͰѽʢҪ˵ҲĶˣк࣬ǧҪϡ
ΰ䶼Ĵմǲݣһĸ֮⣬ûɹһ̣˵ȢǽãڻСңȥ˸ʲô
ֱ˿ģŶģʼ˲ֳ
󣬾ȻϲĿ¹¹ֻ㣬ֻ˽ҡ
ҲˣңΨ
˿ˣϡ
žΪĿ͸ʵаɡ


170 
ڵһѩµʱ򣬽ˡ
һͿأĴ丸˵ֵܣС󣬾ôˣǲųȥ£³ͷ˴£ΣǴǾ
Сӣǿȥѽŵϣ˰ѳǰͷϵĽʱҴҸϻؽҡ
СӣСӻˣŵ˿ϲᣬһ˽ȫ򿪣һܽȥš
̡꣬ӭˡ
ǽΰӣǸΨΨŵŵˣС͸ڽ󵱸Сƨ档ڽ治֮űöٳЩ
ǽʢĶӣڽʢ󣬽ΰҲͨͨں̵ܶʱ
˶
̵ȥ
ȴһ㣬Сһ·ϻһۻˡתͷԽСԺ󲻶ãķŮʹɱ󣬻˽ҳðˣı¶˳Ϊ˲÷Ů˺˽յţ˷ŮҲϸ³ʮȥˡ
ֻ̾ڽ
һ·Ž䷿ǰ뿪
ȥԽʩһ񣺡ӻˡ
˵ȥ
ΰŽסĵͷãǳˡ
𼸸ǰĽڵ·˼꣬ȥ
֪£һˡ
ΰߣǰٻʱӦûΪ󡣡
ŮǰͷŮǽĺӣڽ绹ڣʱĶˡ
ΰ˼ȻȻûϴ󽯺ɥСĴȴûдֳ˵Ȼǽҵ֮ǽ㻹ãҪ
ĻתڵȥκǸκӼλĴ¡
Ҫģΰͽ䶼ֱ
ͷ˵
һ·ûҡԵκʱҲûоκˡκҲͱκӼλռȥȫעûйˡ
Ŵʱľκκ˶޳ϲơϲ⣬ϲף³̫һԺԲߵصʳ˲˴Ĺף̾ͱ˳κˡͼٳǴż˳ģΪᣬû˻ɡκм䣬Ϸ֣Ƴ͡
κ˾ȻΪκɥ𣿡
ΰ㲻ȥκ֪ϰס˿䣬صķһЩҰ֮ˡ
ǡʱҲôΪκɥôЦ޼ɣЩȫЦ
źӶɥģοЩˣ
κֳݳʱȻһϳͻ˵ֳ׷ųҡ
ʲôãȹӳŲסˣԥȻ䵽Ŀڴǳһܸʲôһ˵Ժޡ
ķ֣Ȼκƺκκ󶼺ܿ𣬵ȴܰκ
֮⣬кܶκͶ顢Լ޲κһѣֳҰġ
κκӼλͶݷá
κΣΰʡ
ͣһ£̾˿ɫ󣬲ݡ
ôκ˶Ϊκˮ֮УκȴһҲѹӣĸ׸ȥɫܺãҲκֵ̫ܱƵýͷöκĶ̶ʱ̫̽Σκͷ۲ۡ۲ۡлβ۾ȵȣֱһĸκҲܸж̫ĹģһҲӷشˡ
ȥ̽󡣡κǽȥһӡκıֿϲһȥûУһȥСûС
ȥݷκΣκһҡ޼䡣
Σΰʡ
̹Եٹֵ̫꣬ҰĸʱֻκλóҲ㲻ˡֿ֮£κѾ⣬ʵȨȡƬ̵ȥֵ̫ҰĻԽԽĲòֻԼǡ
ΰЦŵͷ˴Ҫô˵أ
شۣʲôҴʲôʵģҲͲض˵ˡ
ΰŷģԽ˵ȻŸջʧȥ㣬һֱѹ㻹Ǿعȥɡ
ǡ
ȥĸ׺ϴºŻ̨
ʱ䣬ºӦкܶˣɽһ·һҲǰǰ˺͹ŮҲˡ
ߵĵǰ׼ڰݼͻȻ
ͷһԭū
һ񣬵֡
Ҫʲôʱģū͹յߵķûмҪȥݼūһһòǱߴūȥˣһҲūǱߴŮ󣬲뿪Լķ䡣
ķ˻ҳȫǻң֩档һ۾˳ˣɨȴĴˡ¿һŮ߹ɨ䣬˭֪Ů۸Ҳժǹˣ
ժǹ
һ֮£Ůתˣһһ߻ͷ
ūҽʱλӸɾĵطͷһȻʧЦ
ҲҲһ
ˣ
ȥ˲ѣЩȥ̺Ҳįū
ССһû뵽Լ˺͹ŮȥˣǰҲûôϲ󰡣Ժ󣬴һζûȥлûڽºޡġ顱ǲ֪һ
ū㽯һٷķҲɨˣūһ˿˵Ϣһ°ɣȴûʱϢˡ
һ˹ǲ
Ͳһ˫۾ԲǺܳĬʲôҡͷǴ𡰲֪
֪ū˼ⲻȻ֪ԷҪĺϷܲ׼
ԹҲ飬Ҳϴֱ˯ˡ˵ҾߣһС
ŵƳȥ۾Ÿո˯žͱˣһǸˣ˵ӿɣ㡣
˵ҵĵƣ𣬿⣬죬˯˴ʱɣºͺһ浽
ѾˮҲ׼㾫͵·Һˣ佣ѥӶһԣһ
ϴϣվֱ̺·׼ߣָвһ
ĬİץУߵȥ
ƻͨվ϶ͣ£֣ĪǺܿģʲôϢ𣿿ߵǰ˹ͷuڲڣҡͷλӶڣӿȥɡ
߽ȥδߵߣͷſں
ӿŲ¸׼񣬴һѽУ˵͵¾󡭡
ūԱ˵ڰһϣ̫ˡ
Ԫᣬſջͻعˣʱÿ춼
סڱǵͷһжӣݺݴŻղŴһ˵ŵ˴ҩζḯѬŻ
ԪЩ⣬ū֪ô£аЦ
Ϊ֪κ£ҲͿʼ䣬ȻͿʼ˵࣬СС;ܳʹʵӢ˵ãͿʼ
״Ǹʲôˣѻ£ūһȰοҪġȰ޵øˣ߸裬衣һҹˣuˣһƣٱ
ͷu˵ꡢɥǡسºʱһŲס¯˯ˣūѺ󣬼Ц˾ȥϢɣɸС
ǳȥŷ̫Ѿúܸˣ㻹ûɼӣҡͷҲ֪
̾˿ùϴһû˯⡣
ʹݹ·ԸҰɡ
ΪҴ°ɡ˵
ûʽȥʲôΪʲô·ȥ뿪˽ºԺ֪ǰĸǶˣȥѳǱȥɽ꣬ҪڷأȻɽȥ·
ڼʱʱҲѳҲôģǴ
ֻûԭҲֵһ졣
˱Žµ·ȥϴ·ˣǶСıܿԷҲҿһۡ·𿴵˶Էͻʶһδˡ
ڹϣΪ⹬ʧȥͷˣһӾ˺ܶࡣ·ϻݲݣһȥԶ
˺ܾöһˣˡŮ
Ҫߵժ¥ʱͽĹŮȺҲмˣһƣԭǳлˡ
Щôᵽǻвʪ䱧ŵĿݰܺҶȴúܡ
ȥ
˵˺ܶ࡭һӲ˵ˣһ˽һ͵͵Цܵøˡ
ŷڿժǹˮȫɾˡ
ȿժ¥ˣҲȻŵϤζһ¥ﶦе
ȥ̨ųԶ˶վˡ
ЩŮ˲֮ǰʱһѷӿȫܿͻȻĿ
ѵȥҪѳԹˣ
ôҲֻɡ
ɵе㲻졣ѵ󻹲ȥ
ЩȫܹԺ󣬽߳Žʩһ񣬵ӣ칫㡣
ĵЦ˶˵ܹϲ˭֪һǲôϲĳҪ֮֮ȥ˶ΪͶ֣һ㣬Ǿǹ˿ûŮ֮⡣
ЩͯŮһֻǸõŵĶˡ
֪ĳһҪϼĳպҪڡ
ֻǵһζ˵˵ҲʵûôѡȻǰ˵ֻ˶̫ףҪüıӦɫԶԶûô䵽ȥֻΪνġ
߸ϵκҪųò;ԼûõĶβƤ˵ʹ죿
Ļͻȥһٳȥˡ
¥ϣѬ¯ԣлֻȫŮιԶŹһۣЦˡ
ֻй߻ĸꡣ
£ϯضָĸ˵ȥǵıĳ𣿡
Ѭ¯ȵĺ˿˿ƵζƮɢоʧˡ
ӲҪҽΪλңʡ
ȥһˣʹһˣɳ˺ܶࡣ˵ǰǸԳݵĽСĹӣȴ˼ơ
ͼժ¥Ļмģס졣ǰĽ߳ܲȣɾδôԡˡ
лֱ԰ɡ˵빫ӣʲô˵ģ
Ц빫⣬Ȼûʲô˵ġ˵ϸŹɫΧ궼ɬѿĶֻйɫֺδ䡣
С˹
ʱΪʲôҪô뿪ֳȥκһ·˼󣬻Ǵ׸ĴµĴ𰸡
̫һֱڿҪѹ޵ȥ
ڰ֮ǰ̫غѾͼˣ˵ء
ңŶĺǺܺ˵ģǷǱһֱϢҾʲô¶ճճģɴࡣ
Щ͹ժ¥һҹ֮󣬽ΰͽͲˡ
ô֪ҵģ
һ֪
Ǵӽ֪ģǴӱ𴦣ֻõѡ׵ضǹһʱҲ벻ʲô취ͷ
ʱͲСˡǰӲΪ͹ʲôϵŷ̨֣ϵκһ˶пܻڲ˵ˣͲСΨһĹ
޵ڹ𣿡˵޵ңĳԸ빫ЯɪĳҲԸΪݻ
Ҫʲô
Ҫ֧֡Ҫʷ
ʷ͢٣ר͢˾ְ¼֮£жŮֳ谮˭еĹӶǺºճȵȡ
ʷҪ乬ŮˡŮߵȣй޻ҲĻϣ̨ˡ¡ȫܡ
ܡֱԣǲʷġԪ˲ŻýʷҪһʷֻū
üΪĳκι٣
ֻ̽ҵĻǾذɡһΪĵģû뵽ôʵֻϷˣҡ˵գͷһŤٿ
ɲᱻСߣ͹Ҳܡˣȥϱסˡ
ǰûЩ֣ǵýǸСˡС˷Ŷǰӣȥ
򽪼
»˵Ļʱɡڰ֣赭д
ʩһ񣬸ȥˡ
߳ժ¥ʱ̧ͷҲͷ
ŹЦһЦ֣ˡ
ԥҿӺбͷˡҹҪ٣Ӧòǽҵ˼ɣ
ֻ̽
̽ĵߣ᲻ܽʲôĺǰˣΪֱҪ٣Ȼȴֻ˵ɣȴû˵Ĺ١
˻ǲһ㡭
ԤУ֮ͽġ
ʼʱժ¥ʱ˵һЩе£ʱȴֻһܿ칬оٴ˹ͽӵĶ¡֮ǰԵĸǻ˵ǹ׷󽯹ӣȻ˳˽СС;ͳʹκƽ£ֵΪӳʹ뽯ӷֱʱŻơ
뿴ôûЩԡ
ڽﵽ˶塣
ԪٴΰѰ߷ˡ
ūæȥҺЩ˶侫ˣûʱӲ涺һ˶ûС
ܻСȰԪŭ
ڱƹ£ڱȹ£ԪٶŤˣԾ¶֮ͻȻһƺǲҪŮΪ󣬻ҪΪҪ١
Ϊΰͽѵ
ΰʹκƽӦ͡
ͱ䣬ٸɵuԪáҪһеķuЧرڽһʱ߲һա
ֱףڷѾŹͽѵøһ㲹ڹֲãⲻ⡣ְĻ˰Ȳˡ
ֻҪһ뵽ЩǮͣڳ⣬ֻҪһССĹپ䵽Ŀڴ
˱ţ̫ܲ졣
ֻûʱһ
ūȰת˵СĹ٣ú软һ
ʲô٣Ԫ⼸Ҳڤ˼룬Ĺ٣ͳͳˡ
ūߵʷ
Ԫһ漴ʷǿԲ⹬Ůģȷ˵Ůĺģʷ˵ǣʷΪһʿ˵ĲأǴġ
Уڵū񶼲ˡ
ū֪æ룬һѾѰĬ¸߽ˣ

ԪҲ֪һġ
ýʷҪ¸ƽҲڰѰĬСӽҪ԰ĬСӲһӡ
ԽԪ˵ҲǺܴġ
ʱ˵ľУҲϵĻҲ鷳οհѽøûŮڹУƽҲкܴ覴á
Ҫǽء͵ýȥ˵빨ңӵĳû⡣
ūЦʣ
Ԫȴڣū㣬˵ĸ߽Ŀǰǰ⡣
һƬȸ֮ġǾȻЦˣ£ûи֪ǲǼģ¶ɡ
̫ˡ
һ䶼ûŮģôڴ֪ģūֻ˵ǷǰŮڴ߷֮ãżȻˣһΣȻУȻϾҲǴĹ⣬ʽҪǺá
һŮĺӣڣǾͿԷڷϥպ˿ͣ£Ǵĺӡ
ڵǷûˣŮǲǷҵĲ֪ΨһȷľһǴģһӣΣһݡ
˵ǰ֪£ŮӦ˺ӣ͵лֻɥŮŲἰ¡Ȼ󣬵ȻǱ˸˽ԣ֪һ£Ϊǰй⻰󣬲׼ŮºӣպҲǷڳлӡ
˵ūתͷЦԪΪΣ˰ѽ磬ʷ񣿡


171 
ҴҸϵ̨Ϊǰ죬ͻȻӹðһŮдĹ⣡
εĽʷУö˴Ůݣŷ˾Ķ磬´˴Сڽ˵Ķڴ¡
߽ºպķǰס·ŭʩһ񣬵δ˾ôࣿװոӣˣ˵ǰڱժ·һТȸʱСİѳƷˣ
ǹ֪סǷuһңŲ·ϡ˵ºͲ³˹ǷӪ
Ӫһ⣬ȴҪ͵͵Ļؼңǰš
ǱŻղŵĻϵɫûб仯˵ĲǷҵһ
û취޷Ȼÿ·漴ȥ㿴ıӰֹΪʲôҪϽأ
ӵѾ˶֣ӵҲҲûб˲ֵءܹŮŮȫѾˡ
߽εʷֶ˵á
ͷuһЩʲô̧ͷ㣬
ʷǧҪ񡣡ֵͬڴߣֵͬһؼ⡣
˳˵Сܾջһĺˡ
㲻£ԷuΣ
u˺ܶ࣬ȴԷɣ˳ǣпɡ˵һ򵽹ϥϣ쿴һ
չԭǺ겢ʮ˸ĹƷһЩСԼ͹Ʒ·³£ľֺһΧĴǴ̫أʱЩǵĹƷ棬ƷҲҪˡ
һⳤһͷۣõȡͱʣšҿ
ԶԶu͹һȥǸ߸ߵ򣬵Ҳû뿪˯Ҫȥǰճס˷uĸƨ档ġְں̶ܴϺĿǰĹϢϢء
ڽĹƷжԴӵĶһǸһǸġ
һ߳¼һ߷ЦΪĳȻû׼ͻȻ֮ˣѸײڶ֮Ƴˣ˺깨Щҵ׵֮⣬Сֻðͬ׼ݣһݸƷһݸɥǣһݸ󵱺
С˵м¡
u͹㶼̧ͷЦҲ²£ǲûǮˣ
ǮȻеġԪÿյĸ˰붼ˣȻԼûǺǰȥģѾˡ
ͣ¶ҲʡȸǸСʱĹľĺܺãҪǮҪ
Ǯ£ڸߴ֮ǰҪ˵ͨu͹㡣
Ǻܺáuͬ뷨˵ǮܴӽǮáһʱǮʵġ
˵򵥵İ취Ҹһ˰ֻҪĵģǲ֪ġĸӡ
һǴüĿ
֣ȥüȥ⼸طļҪǮ׼ǣסȵȣʷǸŮںδ
ȻղŲ˼ҰæӲȴʮЦõˮ©ȻڳлϧŮ׼סڳлˡ
֮ǰûסûȥлſ
ʧЦڰ֣Žˡ
ˡŽıӰ̾˾䡣
жuҲڸп
Ӵɳˡ
ǰƺڻתͷͷࡣ⻹ǼǰһҹʹҴߵ
ѩ̨ɹ
Ԫźվڻϣǰױع̨᲻ûȥ
ɹ̾ٲ̨סĿֻ֮һƬסһӰһССȸѩıһСӡ߽򶼷ˡ
Ԫܺ죬տĹһͷðûдñӣǰϵĺãһȵ˻ͷʪˣӲӵؿȫȺⲻѩʢġ
ѩд̤ţūͽһЩšĿĿŴƤýˣֻѩҲú䡣
ԪЦ˶ɪɪȴϺɼɽ˵ĵȷǲ˵ٳһʱ䣬Ҳ̥ǣȥ
ūǰʰƤã׷ȥĲ䣿
䣡԰Ѻøūϣ̵ñСһ棬Ц
ūĽ˵õ˸лһӴ˲庮ʳڡҿھ
˵ڽԪȷʵôԷǶζʳûʲôζھǺȾƣԵɽۣǿһҲūȰ˵ģԸء
ȻҲǿҵʳֻҪ԰ҲԲˡ
Ԫ⻰͸ˣסѩ䡣
ūԺѽһвС
Ҫȥ㣬ֻн
ԺͷìȥնǽԪִڵģȻûԪԴ򣬵ǰͽ䶼ԳȥʱЩӡ
ìһ£ƻȥͿūŽԪǡĴ󺰣Сİ
˳ƵˤȥԶ
̡ˡȥ뽪Ԫһͻɽһһ죬һһţ˲СˤˮȥˣƱ棬Ǳ
ūǰ𽪱ġ磬û°ɣˤ˰ɣվ𣿡
վūסͼţŽԪǧɨһƬ
󣬽Ԫǰ򵹡һƬˣ⼫ˡ
ūȥԹǵģô飿һӴôˣڻվأ
һʱûס֣ǹµĲǡԪԽԽ⣬ȷʵûС֡
ǶӴӴĻһԪ߹ȻŵáڵأԪĹЦ߹ȥūԹͣǲˣ
ǶǷˣеùµһ
Ҳ´ǣ
صԪЩƣˣղŵĺһȶܺãūԹҲū˽̺£ˣ֪ˡȥôˣ˵ľ͸һЩǮһЩҩǺúɡ
ū˸ۣҪ໨Ǯˡһ߸Ͻȥˣˣ죡м˸ȥ̧ˣ
ͻȥˣūǴһѡ£սʮԸʵˣǮѼʱ֮󣬸˵Ͱǰļ˸ˣûü˶
ԪһѾȥ죬һū𣿡
ūҲС˵һͷһֽŸ첲ȶ˺üڣˣϽ˸̧ˡ
Ԫ֪ԼȻѾ˵ġ
ūôõɵֻѾ˼ЩǷֲ̥òе
𣿾Ȼ𣿡Ԫ֮£ֹ̾£ֹˣ
Ҳǵһβ֪Ժ󲻸ǱԾˡūЦֻڹһսһûУ
˱ȶʤϢͷuҲ˵ˣһЦ֮һξˣÿηҪ˯һҹŰݡ˽Ѿڹˡ
ʷˡЦһҾ
ĺȡЦҡ˵
uĺȷʵˡ
ˣµҲңֻ㵽ڻû֡ʷٽҲˡ
uȷʽô˵ӳ꣬й񡣵Խڵ˵Ҵйõġ
ҡͷҸȡˣơ
ơ飬۵Цˡ
ɫ̲ÿˡ
u˹һ£ԽƲҪƽϣƢ
Ԫպһ䣬ضĺ׽Ūµʷˣ·Ǵǣ֡˶ԶԶĸţҿ
Էu˵ĺ˵ʲôˣ
u˵һ飬ֻ̾Ҳ֪ĺηЦ
Ԫתͷ㣬һƹӡ
Цӯӯ˵ǣҲ˵Ҹȡ֣ĺ־ЦˣҲ֪ЦңЦҸ
һˡʸ֮ġæģҵĴƵΪ֡
ԪЦ㵽ηЦٵ
ֻ̾ЦһͷɻȻצᣬպҲɽг֮ȴôһ֣һʱЦˡ
һӽɴʱȴܱ粵
uһﲻ
Ԫ˽ۣЦ¿ĺ˵Ķԡ
սԪ˵֪ȡһһǵýԺʿء˵ҡͷͽˣȡֺţÿЦ
ɫࡣ
ԪЦһתͷɫ̲סЦתͷָŹ˵˵˵ˣ
ĿĴﵽ󷽵ŽһҾƵǧΪֲźá
ЦȻңҸȻҲ㸸ҸʾƼ㸸ȴܶ߼·֪ǺԵʡ
ɫһҲÿˡ
Ԫ˳ˣֻ÷uȥȰ͡
uųǰ綷˼𣿿춼סɡ
˻ǲɢֻ֮Ҫһͻͷ˵ģһҪ˵ģ䳰ȷܿ죬﹬˶֪빨㲻ͣΪһ٣ˡ
Ԫ߰ѵһѣдʱ˶Ϲ˾಻ԡ
ū˵Ҳ֪ǹĻޡ
ūҲգҲգҪһȡᡣ
Ԫ
ūҿǹĺˡ鸽ˣ¸ϲɣн¿һϻڼϢ£һ仰ûҲûнǲˡ
ԪԹġ顱ǺģǺã
ūڿǸ١
Ԫҡͷ
ǾͰŵԶһ㣬ͳˡū˵
Զһ㣿ԪӦȥһ̫𣿡
ūͷҲֻһ̫ذ
һ̫صĺô˵һǱǮֳǲɳȥĸĻıǽԪıԪ˰һ̫ȴû˼ɣǮҲͬǽԪǮ
ˣڽԪĿǰͷĿǽǽ䣬ūǹ㡣
ϻȥͱ˸ˣ罪䣬ū覴ã˷Ƕõġ
롭
ô룬˶ΣҲѡ㣬Ըֳк۵С֮ӶԶʤ㡣Ϊڲ㣬һٸһ̫أǹҵ̫ˡ
ߵ˻ٰ̫
ȻɣҲһϵǾ͸ˡ
Ԫԥغūѽл
ūˣĸ˽
ýȥ̫أ૵˶ˡÿһΣԾȽõʱ򣬴Ƕؽ䣬ǮҲãְҲãȫǽģǸ
ū˵ҵȻվߵģԲŴĸ㡣ȥţȥ
ҡͷҵġ
ū㲻ȥһô֪⼸һֱڹߡ
룬ȥ˽
ٻؽ䣬ȥ̫أʧЦһǵ̫أ
ҡͷūû˵
㱻ƭˣ̫ôģ
ƻȸңֵһ̫أңŴ磿
ҵȻˣЦе
Ȼع͸ӾɥˣĺͽȣȽûôԴ
ū˵ԺЦֱӽȥҹҪŵһϷԾ͸ˣɼ
ǰοң£һ˵
һߣýҽ壬ø䴫ϽŽһˣ˵Ѿˡ
һӾͷˣΪʲôûдΪʲô
һΪˣһꡭ˺ܶء
ꣿ
ԭ
ıѩ
ԭˡ
ˡ


172 
ǵĲݶУɪɪıŲΪ˲ȥζýȥʲôʱˣҲܲˣ
ȥˣһ߲ɣϽʺͽҲСֻܸŴ磬Ҫ±¡
ȻôֻŻ
ɾҲ¡ÿ˵ߣ綼һΣɹ͵ƥ㹻ĸˮţͽʡ·ˡ·ҹűһȥˮѾȹˣȴʣ´룬Ϊ̫Ӳ̫ɰӣԲ¡
ҰʲôҲûСȻҰˣû취졣ʺͽҲԣֻż֮ҰˮȴҲʯͷ
ȥһֶ˵±Ц
ܹ֮һκҲûܹҲûΪˣ͸һƥϣˤΣ綼ûֻܻͣæٸϣܵͷС
죬һֱ졣õ涼˪ǻ˯Ұ
ѧ˯һĶӵɪɪΪԼᶳÿϣůĳⶼѣϲܰɤӻѪıӲȥȴûһˮȣΪˮˡ
û澹ȻӡΪ󽫾磡ʱ߶磬ÿ˯ʱΪһĵطƴ·Ϊһˮסĸɿʡ·ϵ춼ɰӣʱΪȶ˶ˤ

±ӡ
ˡ
ôܣһʲôŵ˶ŷЩŴ˱ȽºЩҳϡֻглŮܱȵ˰ɡ
ңһȵ¡
ǾЩ˶Թҳϡ֪ô˵ǶԹͶԴ粻ͬŴ磬ڴ󣬲ܴȥȥʲôǶȥûԵʱ򣬻ڳԵʱ򣬵һԶǹ
˵鹫ܹ˵İͳݣڹҲֻЩŮȥժ¥ԶУҲֻóԵĶѣٸ˳ԵģЩ˺ܿͻ뿪ˡ
ŷһԶԶ
·гиԵʱǾͻŶڵϳ룺
ǻڼͺˡ
԰ԣʲôУ
βˣ⽴
ǻ뿪һӣȻͻųԵĻǳԵʱǻ̾
һҲȲϹǵġ
ԹˣСطͱƽˡ
ھͺˡ
ڣǻؼˡˣ¶һȥ취ع
Щ̻Ǳ棬׷˵Ź¡
˵𣿡
˺ܶ⣡
˵򲻳ȥȥҹˣƣͶˡ
Щֻ۸
ǻȥǺÿ
ʽʣΪʲôôϲ
ʷѵ㲻ϲ𣿡
˵ǲϲҲǵϲԹĸоû취򵥵ķηڴֵӡ
ͷڸ첲صȥҹĻ𣿰˵ϲҲ˵ܺãһֱȥժ¥˻𣿲ɣ밤ãͲسлˡ
ӣӡܹС
̴ӲݶʹȥѵĲݶ
ʲôʱȥ
ӣˡʸӵ˵
ʲôһ׹æץסʴУǲǲܻȥˣ
ʰοģˣйء
ԺȷָӲ֪ô£ܾûժ¥Ǽܿµ£ԹҲǼܿµ¡ڣãȥժ¥ãԻңùֺ¹ҶԹҪҲùܲ
ͷԺУԽԽ겻
˵ӣ㻹Ƚ͵͵ع𣿡
ҧ˯Ұ糿ȫ¶ˮˣݺݵĵͷԣ
ô˵Ҫع
ʰס㡱صЩŵĴͷ˵ȥ
ؾͻذɡƽ˵
͵̧ͷΪܡ֮󣬽취ѹµģ˵ṫ𣿹ֻС£⼸ú࣬ŻȥܲڳлĵλֻԺȲû˹ܣӹڣҲŮǱŽ̵ŻԳл˷Уһл˲Ҫֻ·һ
ҡҡͷѽ˵㲻عҡŽ˵ףס
ƴҡͷԤнĲܽˣ
һ
ûá˵±ҪԼסԼף˵ĺֻ᲻ͣı˷ѡ̾˿ǶԼ˵ǶԽ˵õ˾̫ˡ
˵ϣ֪˵ǶԵģҽȻ⣬Ͳٸˡ
˵ȥȥһǱƭȥģһԼӻȥġңѾȫǵҡĵˡժǹûһĻһζŽҪҪҪζˮҪʹƢ߹ͻĵܵܣ
⼸£ûһ̲ȥҲˣǿֻǣм
ʶ˽һ⣺ڹﱻأǰᦣһǾ֪ˣֻн¶š
Ѿˣ֪˭عһûãأ
˵Ҫ͸ңһٰ͵
һ¡
˵ģһھһʱġ
ʣҪʲôʱ򣿡
ҪɡЦ˵
ˣºͽֱţȥ˽ºԪ֪žūûгԵģûǮֻԪǿԸǮģֽԼ취ū֮󣬾ͲǮˡΪ˵Ȼ˷أÿ긾˰ǽȥõģûֻժ¥һЩ͹İ˰ˡ
ū桱ÿ궼ǴֵýĻģԪѽйѯʱÿضϴˣһʣԭҪЩ廨ţһΣҪʮֻ֦ô˿һƬҰ֣ѿ֦ȫ˻ˣ˵Щһֵģȥңǰǰĥý಻ԣŵö˳ȥ¶һ
ԪӴ˾ͲˣԽΪ䣬Խˡ
ūڽºǰţͽЯЦӭȥһסһԽ˵㡣
ȥŶɫÿĽС˵û취
ߺߵ˦֣ū˵ȱһδͿĽ˽һѣ죡ȥס
˵仹ûͱˣֱӰ˽º̾Ϳˣ׷ʼͳͻȻºԽԽڸˡ
ɣͻȻ쳤˫ǰ档
ÿ
ǵһˣ֪һֱӴͷȥڼ磬㲻ȥţ
ûˣϴλ˹Ҳңÿ˵ž˹ȥ͸ϽһſܹȥˣǲŸϽĻʲôģǧ
ֻ
Ҳ˭ɫҲҪԡˡҲץ⣬Ѿڽ˵ϻˣǰ㽪ʱûæ
ԽܸȤʽΪʲôʲô
˵˵ʱᶳʱ㶼ᶳڱýʱһıںͶˣȴŻ͵ȼˡ
һ֮£Ц
ºԪò쿪˫ۻסĽ䣬ԽԶҪ磬ôˣٵˡ
׵˵㻰ƽ䣬Ӧҵıأ
ţԪҲһι£ԭҪѺϵıҪһôıлҪл㡪˭нԼ˵涼Ĵӣأ˵бסĻ㣬ζβ˻ʲôġ
Ԫ˵ȻҲĶ棬ǽԱ˵ˡʵֶֻֻβ֮ˡ
ֶΡ
ԪĶ֮֡С
عȻҪֹ
ԶҪΪˣƣҶȥԪӻ֣ýѽߡ
һҲѵڽºǰÿضǽɸļƷĽйǰȻǲԸġ
ڡ
кö㿴벻뿴
һɹ
һǸŮ𣿡
Ҽ
ӱȥֻͲϹˡӣѵץ𣿡
ʯ䣬ͻȻ˽ҰʲôˡȥﵽĿǡ
һۣıˡ
俴Žߣüͷ塣
Ԫ˿ͷ⸱ӣЦô᲻ã
䲻Ϲ
ԪͷȻ䲻ϡϲֻˡ
ԥһ£ŵʣûܿ޳ȥ𣿡
Ԫһ£⣬ʵҲһֱڿǡ˵ʱ䲻⣬ѡڸвûкܺʼ޽ˣֻѡˣһǴһһλĹӡ˶ûУʱѽ޳ȥ
ԣŻԽͽּɡסеһˣǶ˵ֻкôûл
Ҳв٣һЩʱĻңӰ֮ˡ㽪˺ӣֻҪˡ
ڽ󣬼ȥлվסţҪȥ
ŵĸ꣬ЦˣֻйһˣԺ𣿡
£Դ󡣡ĸܵеס㼸˵
Ȼ࣬ǶûѧաȴۼԪô̵ͽģҲ̵֣֮ˣһĸѣοϻн
ɨһĳ
Ц˵һһڹ֪ʱң
͵ҵĶ֮ˡ˵
Ҳ⣬ǹʲôûء
һȥõˡ˵Ǹˡ
Ҳ˵ȥκ󣬹¡ͷٿһ۽ͻȻȥס֣˲ͬУܵúܡ
ֻһһֻһֻСһֻůһֻ䡣
֣䡣סḧ
ȴڿͷģΪߺףĴʩмˡ
ΡɫաŪٳ档
Ӧвǲġʲô˶ܾ֮С
ջ𣿡ʡ
ϲ𣿡չһЦ
ƾĶۣĿǰõһȻòһȴĶһصӣһˡ
һʼˣֻеĶԼˣȴеĶ
ңϹ㡢uԪı
ʲôأԪ³
ͷ૵˵ѵѵô֮Ļϲ𣿡
˵ţ֣ܵǰȥˡ
Цһ£ȥ


173 
˳ļǸеŮˣȻֻǱӰ
ȷʵסڳлһ乬ڣժǹҲƵӣλڹҵĺ棬ŶǽһšժǹǸͯסģûдֻһխţӵĹʯ˵ŽİСΪ˱ůΪַͨҲûС
䷿ŵġ
ôסֻӱӰŮ˵ĶѾܴˣżϣǽɹ̫ܴƿʱ˿̣÷ǳʣԷģһյ⡣
ĬĬս֡
˵ͿˣѵסȥվڻϣĹڶǽҲδһĹ
Ȼˣ˳ݷһδ
ȥǰЩСĹŮһˣҲ⡣
֡
ע⵽̾˾䣺Ҷ粻ŮǰŮ͵ɽȥˣЩʱðµģûо̵ûʲôء
߽ȥֻܿŮ䲻һһľǼ˲ӭʺãתͶ㡣
ѵڳЩƽŮӣ˵
ŮƽҵŮӣū
ͷûϵزỵ̈ЩŮ˶ǳ׵帣֮ҡ
ǿѵô̵ʱҵĸ˫ȫжŮ˻ǲŶյ˼ˡ˵ֳ̨̺е³ӦöܾԪֳеüˡ
Ǹˡ
㲣ݵò󻰣Ҳ͡ĬߵһжʧһǰŵһعǽҲûӦ
ˣˡ˵
תľȻ鿴һ۽תȥֻǾĬĴͷһ˿ֻܾһnϵġġݵŮˣ̲סȥжٿƣжѹ벻ƽǲܵ۸ǲȵȡ
ҲףΪ￴̫СˣҲΪڽʵֻÿ첻ͣ裬ߵŮǿͷĵ¾󿴣õĿ佱һŮˣС
ﲻ𣿡ʡ
̫ˣһۡ
˵ͷ
ǷҪʲôأʡ
תͷ¶ȴһû뵽Ҫ󣬡ܲܶԴ˵Ҫҵ󡭡
Цˣοˣ㵱Ǵ˼Ը뿪ǰһҪѵ빼һƬ𣿡
⻰˵ǰο˵вȥ̱ĵһ顣
ȻĻ;ˣֻݵþֻצӣһֱðǡֻнܵ󣡳˽㣬˶󣡡ҧ촽һðͣ䡣ȻĿֻн߹ģˣԼǵͼģȾָ֮λ
ڻ̾ȥǰĲµĲǽңǸһ𳤴ͬеķ㡣Լȥ󣬴㽫ǺãԴľ֮ȡŵΪ̺󡣡
һͻȻſڵϺޣһ߿һߺ㣬ڵϴͷڵң˭óҲҪ
ʧȥ󣬶ĴȻʧȥ֧
ޣ޵ԼˣŽŮ͵ϣŮϴ·ڳһ˯ˣŴ뿪
ǲǾúţڻȥ·ϣ˵
ûڣ˵ȥ
Ҵģһ󣬵˵òȴر𡣡ƽ˵ҴСϰߣÿһڷΪܳԵһû󣬼Ҳûλˡ
ΪʲôҪ˵˵ҶԽôӵĲȤ
Цһ£תͷΪҾöԹʻδֵĻġҲѹһŮ˿ģҸģһǹҪҲҪġ
һ·ѽͻժ¥ºһŸǻؽº˵ڹʱӦþͻΪ󣬵ԲϲԹʱ
ôأ˵ֻǸ裬ֻһ仰Ҳ˵ҲҪӦڵĵط
Цʴȡ
һѵһв𣿡ʡ
Цͷȷʵû˻᲻Ӻܷɣƾϣ½΢бִһƣϼҲںƣһȫȹˣڼȾΣ˫롣
һǺ棬һ뿴һ
ϵҲԽԽ˽š
СȴŮ̥ΪУһ취͵ϡΪŮһЦѹøˣҾл
һʶľֱܿס˵ʵҲһŮڴĿУûôҪˡؿڣ۾ʣ㣬պɲҪơ
ҪʲôأʣҪʷһؾ㣬ԼʷҵֶĳŵҪôأ
պȻй㱨Ƶһ죬ֻεʱԺС
ôء˵ôˣ
ڶ죬ժ¥һͻ㣬Ϊ̿͵ױ£ˮεøʻһǽģ׺˴ʣʱ˵ǽġ
˹ܿ칬˾Ͷ֪ժ¥нĻ㣬ڵˮεڡ
ڹĹŮ˲֮ǰôáˣԴȥҲֻм
ԶԷժ¥˾ԽԽˡӳлӳĹŮ˶Ǿ񾪹֮񣬲뿪ժ¥һ
Щˣǳȥ̽Ϣֻɵʲô͸ɵʲôժ¥ǰδеĸɾ˻ǰյȡһЩ¥װһǰˡһժ¥һ¥ȫڷŵûʱ֡˺ţֻĴȻڵ϶ʳȡůڶ¥һ¥Ȼ˼ɾһ
𣿡ʽ䡣
׾ƣ˵ЩѾⶼˡһ䣬ܶࡣ
ҪˣͰѾūǶˡ⼸Щ˸棬һЩˣ£˸ˡ֪ʲôԵʣ׷ЩǿܣкܶǿȻͶʳūȵȣҪūȻЩ˷Ҳ˺󣬾Ȼŷˡ³Ѿûдɵĳ·ˣȫˡ
ˡЩǰͲҪľūˣڣߵľūѾǧǧˣߣЩ˸϶ϲߣһ˸ɼܣЩ˶ȿֺȥ˲㣬ˣͲĲˡ˶Ͷ״ǽģΪЩ˶ͷȻͷ˵һ˵ͷˣΪɱˣͷ֤ԼǸбµˣŸͶЧ
ָ˾ܲҪֻǡ
жˣʡ
պҪǮϰҲǴӽѧģ࣬һһǮǮģʱŶӹǮǮ֪һжˣ˶죬ǰҲ̫ࡣΪǮǽַģҪַǮֲ࣬˶㷢ʱİ취ЦַĲǸͷ
ÿǮ϶˩һ˵ڽկУбǮ˩סǮϲҪ˩ס껹ܸŽõǮ
ԽԽ࣬ʳҲԽԽԣҺôҶǶ˵ģּһ˶棬ʱ򣬳ԵĺȵĶģǲǮˡ
˰Ҳȫϡ
䴹ͷ૵ңҪҪ̫һȥ̫ء
⡣
гڻڽԪ֮ˣһҪģǸ

ֺϡ
ֺ
֪ȴ֪Ϊȥ
кܶκ̡ܶ⣬һȥһأײһֻ
κ𣿡ʡ
Զˡ
ֺϺܴ󣬵ȴûʲôסΪһƬĵû취ʳϴݲ˿ֺϵΣֻγֽ̫࣬пΡֺϵڶҲǿΪΪε˲࣬κκ˻òôࡣ³˵ûġ
ôĸ˰Ӧúܶˣʡ
䷴ҡͷడֺϺûǮ
һ


174 
ֺǸߡ
ôԶ׼ֳô󡣻Ҳԣκ̫ˣҲ٣ֲʳ˾ͽܹˡֺǰֵóʳġ
¡ֺ꣬ҰǧһԽøǰ³κΪֺϴʮ̣ء
أʡ
˵ǿϵ̫࣬ԩǻȥҲʳˡЦŰŻȥ߳ǻҳ
û뵽ڽº滹ôһСר³˵Ļãڹ齯ˣͬҲãκһ¾ǰһ£ɨ࣬һЩùõҪ׭̡
Щ¼ںǸŵĲǵԭǰҶιһ£Կһߵĸߴԭַǿˣֻʣơ
̾Ҫ޵ġȻž̫ѿˣʲôʱޣǿ϶ǲϵԪԺ󣬰Ѹùһʮ֮ڰɡ˵ʲôʱ£ԼǮڳȵȣⶼĹ
Ц˵һ͹ܹܴߵ£û뵽ⶼҪܡ
˵ûʳסУճˣ˵ĻÿһҶȻҵʧְͦģǰֻҪڽºҪõö࣬٣۵Ȩˡ
վڻϣĿԶտ͸վССһȺˡ
Ǵ㵽̽ͷȥ
ǰһ·޾߶Ծʱ裬ʱҪսǽԪԶվŵһ޳ˣū
Զһĵطһվŵǹǡ
ճȺһ䡣
ߡЦƿԸһս
˵Լ½ǣǫ΢ĩͲڴǰʩչˣҲЦ󷽡
һЦЯȥ
ͻժ¥󣬽ŻصºԼķиڵһæվʩһӣʱȥˡ
һҾл֪Ȼĸȥȥ
ᣬһ֣Цȥˡ
ĸʹ˲ӣıĸףһȴȥˡ
ȻͻȥһɡԪЩƣһһĴǷûж˵˳ūӺ׷ݸһϻӣǴ͸õ
ӹɻĴ򿪣һСǡȻ˵ԭ̺˶֪ڹеۣǹıǡ˵Ƕ˻˶Ƣء
Цһ£ϸӣŵһҾлʹ͡
ūЦƻȥǿԸ˺ú˵˵
Цŵͷǰ
תˣūӵıӰһһľû꣬һڴ߷̣ڽһԾͳʷպӴ뿪ʲôٶܵˡ
ǵĲ࣬ΪһϣԽԽգΪֻˡ
ֻ۾תصڡԪѾ˴ϣ˯
˺͹ŮԼͬĶ˳ȥ
ڽԪǰиͷӿ󶼲òƽ
صңȥĸס
ϣʮµĽӴͳ÷۵ȵʼʶ֣һ֪ʮ͸ӰӵĸαǰĲǶӻŮ׵Ժ
Ѿͷ׷̡
һǰһֽеҶ軳
ЦһЦǰ
Щˣ̺ĶϱߣȻſ˫ۣҶ軳ס豧˯
ҡͷѾˡ
ϱ˵ٴҲҶ
ȻξܾҲӵһĽŮ͵ĺ;ˮ衣
ҡͷһҪȥҪȥ
ÿλһ飬ѵ㲻֪û㣬ᵽ
ˣæΧȥ壬ǰСһ°ڣ裬ҵͷһͣ˵ǵ˽һġ
һŮСǲڹ£ˣ
״Ʋҡͷ˵˺üºֿ׵£леϻӣСĴ򿪣øϿǴԵۣ˵ȥ᳤أ
ϣϻһͨ͸Ķ֪Ǻá
ιߣ裬һ򡣡
ù򣬡ģǿҲͰӴžһ鱦
˵裬͵͵ˣҪ֪ѹ֪ͣ͸һϻ
ͷϰϻӲڴϣعͷһЦ
˶ӸıҲپöֻҪҪˣȥɡС˵Ҫ㣬˸Ͻҡ
ԹԵͷ
俴ô͹ܾȣû˵ٻҪٵһʱܼء
Ц˵Ųôͨأһ˵Ҫ
̾˽һۣ߰ɣȥ
վˣȴŲ˶һۺ󣬽䲻ֵ̫˻ȥʲô˵ģ
Ҫңֻ˵СֺαÿζȥŶʹˣҲãڶôˣȥ밲ãǸӺú˵˵𣿡
临ӵĿŽΰĻ
ڳˡΰοȻѾԽԽ񽯼ˡ
ҵжԼҰġǰһ㶼ʢͽ룬̫̫棬û뵽ȥһ˻󣬾һӳˡ
ĽʼڼȷԼĵλʼԼ뷨ʲôģҲһһ潯ҿǣʼýҳΪ
˽ΰĻ󻹲ôԸţĽȥΰףĳˡ
˳Թϴһ˴ϡ
ڰУûбˡ
ʣڹô
һжá
أ
Һܺá
ĺأ
Цһ£Ҳ㲻ĺҵǼٵģʱʱȴֻЦ
ҪСǸһ̵ֽġ
ʶңʱѾڼﲻˣ˳ѹҴŸصʵʵģﶼһסˡ˵ʱڣ͹ûꡣҶⲻЩĥѣҾȻһ˶ûۣŮȫúõİ˳֮ڴˣǡõˣҲǡôİѹ˳
ֻ㣬Сҡ
ĻŽȥֺ𣿡
ᡣͷҪȰѽߣܰľū𿪡
ͷҲҲľūȻǸһֱŵĳʤˣиŽдŽԽƴӣֱǴĸƨ桢Ӧ棬üνĶӶ޲һɱ뵽ϾȻҲŽҵѪš
Լһ˴žū³߱ˣҲԼšе˴ԹƸǧǧҡôʱãȲֲ̫̫࣬١ʱǧˣֺȥȥԿԺ󣬽ֻܼ
أеıˡӽһδεġᡱֵ߱Ҳ޼䡣
ǰǿϽԪġڷ֣ûж飬ȴδزᵱص̨Ҳʱ䡣ÿһ¶кܶɺϣڣȷʵһʼĴ˵
Գֶ飬ЩҲûʲôæ˵ĺܶණǴģܣТ壬ЩںǰΪЩÿ˶ҪصΪ׼ȴʵûô˹ǲТǲ塣
˺Щɴ¶˵ʵĿȴôĿ
ȴ
ͺϵһӾȥˣ
Ӵ˼ɣ
һ˫µ۾ȥ磬ʶϵˣǰⲻ˵ˣǰײ˵¡
ĺһҲҪ˯ˣ˵˵͹񡣡
ǰǹ׷ȴǽӦ˹ӹͱ׷ŮˣڽǰȴһˡԹֻȴĸһЦݣԽʢͷβӶһǰֻϲܵĹİϽˣ
Цŵ˵ͷһ
Ϊ׻ȥû뵽䲻ûмʣ˸˯ˡ
ڶϣȥΰֻǱ³˶緹˵˼ڹע壬пնؼĻʹȥˡ
ô£
˼⡣
ġ̾ЦͶˣֻڵ⣬˿û밮е˵ļȸԾ
ġΰ뵽ˣأ
Ͳö֪ˡǸӣֻ¶Թʮþȵġ
Ҳ֡ΰ̨̾ϣﻹȼءǸڣôš
ԥʽΰ
ʱ룬պʱ䳤ˣȻȻͻˡΰѾʷˣʮ꣬һ˾ͽ˾ͽǰĹ٣һȽλã³еĳǾͶ֮ˣһǵĶڡء˰ЩԹʡ
Ȣ˹˾ͽ͸аˡΪȢ˹֮ǴġˡֻϸӲͣӹپֻ֪гΪļˣܸһ¥
ҲΪΰ¿ʼԥֽ֧룬ֽ֧أ
ڽǸڴˣǺʣֻѡ롣ͻȻͳ˹Ļ֮ʹһԾ˹ʷ
ˣ˵ɵѾԽԽˡ
Ҳ⣬볩һҲ֡ΰЦˣǸŮ˵ĺӿˡ
һˡն˵£ȻڹвһŮ꣬Ů˻˺ӡ
ֻһˡ
һӤ仮̨峿
ڳл棬һȺŮżæȥʱʱײһһӡ
죡
ˮˮ
ˣҪһ£ôģ
ӳˣأ
ūͽһվڲԶĻϵţֻܿûͷӬһĹŮڵỊ̇Լ˳Ʈһζ
ڱǡ
ūЦܲζˣ
һۣĬĬվȻѷūȡ
ūһʱ÷ЦҲվ˼ҲζŰڴ̺ʱȥζòŵ£Ҳϰˡڿŷǰ˲Ǵ
ԭҲǲ͵ġ
㲻ǲ𣿡
˻һۣ˵ˡ
ڣһŮ˸߲ҵûܵʹǸӣ
ǸСӣ
ڹ⣬ʹһ̿ǰȥ̿˵ˣǽȥøǮһ̿
һڳ̲סĴߣ죡һͷһ̣οû£ǿȥժ¥ˣҲסڹﰡժǹķ˵ҲҪٻȥˣ


175 
ĸףſڵ̿ͻӻǸϽȥ̵̿ӴӳϱһѴɨ̿߹µ̿Ҷһһɨ
֨֨ƵţŵĽ뽪ҡҡλΣҲҳ
ߵһĵط̰̿ѳͣ£СԳĽ˵Сӣ˵ĵطﰡ
̿汲̨̿˵ǰҲǴߣΪóճζûʲô̿ʹ֪͡ʲôʱǼҾڳר̿ˡĶӴطϺõľľֱζ㣬ǾһζεģճϺõľ̿ǼҴģѡÿһ
̿յٺãǮҪġǼҵʳѾˣԼԣҲҪūԱ׬ЩǮ
˵ʶߵ̴ӣ˵û̿ʴȴ󷽵⣬ǰôǵļѼЩ˳üȥ˸߲ҵĳҶˡ̿Ȼˡ
ʵӳϸϸĴ̣Ǳߣԣߵժ¥
̧̿ͷԶժ¥֮¡죬һĽСӣԶүүƳ
һʮ̿ʻժ¥Ȼû˿վڽºǰĻϿ૵ժ¥Ѿû̿ˣÿ£оҪɰ̿Ÿβһ£棬º̿ǧлǧժ¥ֻһǧΪϲ춦ʳ̿ķѡʹȸժ¥̿ٶǧϽѾȥժ¥̿ˡ
ǮȻί
Цҡͷ׵Ժ󡣻һŮС߽Сеʷˣʷˡ
£΢Цʡ
Ůһ죬ʷ˺ģһӷ˶ŵġû̿ˡ
һ£ôû̿δˣָıȻǸŮٵʮվ̿ˡ
Ůʮգʮգ˸öˡ
̾ƺ̺ˣȥһٽ̿͵лȥ
Ǹ˿һֿۣ۹ŮͷԹŮ˵ɡ
Ůֲ֣̿ôС˵תˣ̾뽯˵˽ŲҴҵ뿪ˡ
ʷһֱæ˵
ŮͻȻøˡ
ɡ˵
ҲҪʷ˵̿Ů˵꣬תͷˡ
ûȥ׷ǸŮܵûӰȵ磬÷̿ˣ̿ûȥ
ҡͷĵѵ᲻֪װģ
Թ¿һȥ̿͹ȥɡ
žȵĿ۽
ȥһС̿ȥȻųͽһȥ˳л
лȻԭأˣҲûκθı䡣ǽ΢⣬ǰͥѩûɨֻȸãѩϱıţѰѩµĲѣһѾĽӡ
Ƴ˿¶΢Цڼʱѩ׻ָһĻʫء
¸ЩСԶġ
̨ѾɨˣΪ˷ֹѩʯΡ
ȥָһߵС˵ȥ̿͹ȥˡһҡ
˴ӦųС߹һͥԺֹһţٹһͥԺſ̡ǸĹŮ̿ϲ㡢̿ˣ
˰СƵǰǰˮĽϣŮʱúܲ˼æҵҡò
áԼĽţڼܻ˷𣬻鲻ãͲںˣЩ̿ȥðɣʡŵãʮ̿ˡ
ŮӣһҲİ̿˿˺ԼҲæ
Ůһòã
û£Ұ㣬һξͰˡʵҲ࣬һһʮѡ
˱һ߽̿ݣȴڽһݴϻһŮˡһͣ漴Ů˭ҿһۣɵûͷʹŮСأ
ŮϲĶ̿ңĨһѣһ㲻޵˵Ǳءһ°ָͣǰĹ˵
̿ˣ߳ǸڲϵŮ˴ͷβһ֪˯˻ǻȥˡ
Ůﻹֹģ˺òСӣûпһ۾ͱǱ߱ˣ
󡣡ѵ
ŮǲޣҲأҧ촽˵ˡ
Ҫˣϵ·̿ˣ׳ŵ˵·Ҹϴɣ
˫鶯ʻ۾͸ıʯҲҪΪ֮ѷɫ
һ̺ƽӹòֻȻϡ
һ۵ġ
ܿҡҡͷһ仰Ҳû˵ˡ
ڴӵĿ
ﲻҿԾǿһﲻ
ƽվգҪߵġıӰ㲻
ҿԵġﲻǺŵ˵
ūصҹ͵͵ðڳлŮ£Ҳ£ܻȥ
ڶ죬˵ȴȫͬ˵Ҫ͵ȥ
ôģڹҲοҪ޳ȥģӸϼ꣬ߺٰ㡣
ﲻ⣬ȻΪʲôҪ͸أ
һлǰȻһӣͻһ˵ڶڼСӵģСӳ˽ŮģɲҪǶԵġֻҪǸŮպСĸףصġ
ȰСڹʲôõĵģҲ᳣ȥġ
ûоֻ˳㿴һġ
ߺȥڿӡССĺӣմĸ׵Ļ뿪硣ڴĴϣצƴޣԱչǳлµŮһЩûӵŮˣǶҲ޿κΣ죬ӺȵֻȻĿ޺ţССﲻ֪ôô
ʱ룬ôСΪʲôһأ
ӣǸסڳл棬ƽºӵŮûһĺøУ
ԶηĿӡ
ŮǱΪϲڿɫֶˣ׷׻ߣĿʲôҲҲ֪Ů˶ԲԼµɷĺжôʹޡˣǶûġ
ӣԼ
һЩŮ߸Ƿˣ޷Ȼȥˡ
ϣҹ䣬̸ЦҲ˼֮ǰȥûдǵʱʱĲߵĹϡ
ˣǰһźһӴһظߣ޳ɫŲɫ֥עĿ
Ȼ˵ǴһʼڹߣƬ̲Ľǰ湫ʳϣƾҲŭŹ˵ż֪˵ʲôܶùչһ֡
˭Ҫһˡ
ΰͽԶĽĹⶼղһֱ쳤￴ĶԽΰ˵ҿҲǺ顭
ΰȴûаߡݸĶȻϳԣȴתͷʹߵãɼδģֻڵθڡŮ˵Щֶζʦͨģ֪ô˷Ųǡ
ôһ룬ͷĶˣҲܰ¡
꽯Ҳˣֻ˴ߣͷβûпΰͽһۣʱʱĵһɽ
һߣֻзuͷˣûֶ֮俴Ҳ䵭ġ
ôˣΰʽ䣬ڷӪǰ׾Ͳ֪ȥˣȷӪԺ󣬴Ҹûע⵽ֱڽΰŷַҾȻһˡ
ҡͷС˵˶ŷӪķأҪһӪ
һҰصأ·һĻڰҹ˸˸
һ·ǰޱİһֽǮͶУ𱻷紵ʱʱ𡣲֪˶ã·Աһһյߵߣ˵ȥɡ
ѷײ˶źصС
һϵŸ⡣·һһ˵ֻɲˡ
£Цͳ⣬Ҳ㣡
·ʢһð⣬ٰѷڻ߿ĸɱ˵ǿɣˣ
շӪȥǰ·ǧܰͻطңҰҸطһˡ·ӴҪʣµĲﶼȥ𴦹ӡ·Ѳﶼ˹ײĺͷصأصֳǣǧѷӪĹײҲˡ
·ծ˲ʭӶ˲ҧҲĻҲǵһ ˡ
Ӫ·˵ˣϾǰģΪ·Сӣ᲻ô᲻Է·Ҳ·Ӫ
Ҫꣿʡ
ԶҲ˭أ·˵ϵҲӪӵˣӪ˵ӣһҪڿЩڷӪϳֳǺǮͺ˵ˣҲ䵱Ķӡ
·˵𶼺޵ҧЩ˱Ӫ߶ɷӪǷʲôܵģѵǷӪļҵǷӪ֮ǰǮָǣʱҲҩ򡭡
˵ˡ·޵ľԼûַӪһֱŲûķԽԽ٣һֱҪȾ⡣ӪʱӦǲܣֲΣ˭˵ԼȾֹ͡
׿·ͻȻŲĬĬᣬ̾һóȥ˵ʲô᣿ǽҿ˸ӣ
·ΪЦ𣿡
׵ͷ֪һ㡭ȥʱӦڵ¡ӵʱӦѾһˡ
·ϲŹˣ
ô˵ӵ治ǴĹ⣿·æ׷ʡ
ҡͷ£ڲ˵ˡʱŴںǸŮѾˣȥҵķأڿؿһ̿͵ʱӦֱӳŮȥġڵʱҲɣҲֻǻɴŮ̫ͣȴ򲻸ӵҪ
ֻһ㣬ԶԶв
·ѹ˵ǡأ
󣬳һ˫۾֮һ꣬۾Ҳòˡβϸ΢΢۾Ҫһ㣬βȻȴЩ֮⣬Ůķֱ𣬵ô͹ѾԽԽˡ
Ӫ֪º󣬾÷ȥ飬˭֪Ӫⶣף²࣬Ҳܸ߷uǡ
ֻҪʱȷһ
ڷײ˽ܲǴĹ⣬ȴûʵݡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿
·Ҳʧˡ
ԽжĮǶ֪һֱڴУ˴еġᡱڹϣƭ˴ҡ
Ǵǰﻹվסأ
ϯ룬ūһ½ԪŲ̫Ըվȥ˺ѽҲϽȥˡ
ʽȥʲô
ĲɵĴ˾䣺Լȥɡδ䣬ȺѾɧԪЯŽӺºĹȫˣ
ԪЦλǹµ󣬻ݼ󣿡
µǸ׷׵
ӣ
ü󣬳Ҳ֪Ҳ
û뵽Щ˾ȻŽԪԽﲻô˵Ҳ󰡣
ԪЩȻһ飬㶼ΪСĽҲʲôûԵĽ룬жԶĽΰͽ䡣
СͷԽԽͣ
͵ƱƱڵϻȥԶ̾õе˶˹Ϊ֪ĸȶ˾Ƶļʧ̬ˣϾȻǹ
ֻɫҲСһۣʩʩȻߵǰס̫˵Ļӿǣָһֱܰһ仰Ҳû˵Ľ佫һȥڣҿ·
佫ܿҪȥֺˣ֮ǣΪҪȻҪѸľū¡ôǰȥִգͬǧˣһ佫߾ֻʣһǧˡ
ְϷһʲô֪ģۿԼľūһӾȥ˴룬佫Ǹʲôζͱˡ
ڿƺԽǲ벻˵ô֮£ôڣǴĺӡ
䲻һĹŽȥǸûþֻˣĶܺãС޵ǾȻ˵ǼСò
ЦˣȱԽԽ࣬һ׮Ҳûʲô
棬ĿһӾϮȥƴůǣѽǰǣ֣弸˸ں档
Ѿҹˣҹ̨һҲãһ޴ķĹ
˸ͷ
ѾܻˡЦҸӵֻҪˡ
ü˵Ҫٹֻܽ
ȴͰ¸׵ԺˡײϣûпػʵԽҲ˵ϺãΪȲδҲû̳һصӺ
ֻš
ڻʲôǾͿ컯ˡôûϡǲǺҲں
Ǹӳˡ
ǽһֱû֣ԪӦ͸ɵ˰ɣ
˵ЩӳлߵŮɽʱ߰˸ʣµҲˡ·Ӧ̵ܹġ
˵ͬЩŮڷôڽԪ֮ǰɱǡΪҲ֪ЩŮ֪ҵʲô£ʲôͳͳ֪
һû»ɵͷϣֻΪԪҽҵİѱ
ǸӳԺ󣬽Ѿֹһˣ
ôҶҲټ
̽ЦŷҪʲôһĺӣѵʶ
ȥ˵Ȼš˵ˣ£֪˭е鷳ˡ
벻˭𽪵򰵺ǽҵĵ𣿳Ŵ󽯺¾͵˽˴ң
ʱ䣬һֱעſ˭ڴǰ𽪵Ǹ˾п͵߽ˡ
ɽȥһֿܣ᲻Ǵߵ˲𽪵أӶڹҲ̫ΣˣѾҲ£ĴһСӾڹУտӾͶȫˡΪĹ⣬ɱһһܲһʧȥӡ
ڴ˭ǻ˵𣿵ȻǳĽҰ


176 С
ʣΪʱˣûֻĽŲ˨ӣԽ˵ˣҾɱ˰ʡ
ȻĲˡ
סСûдûţ粻ͣ࣬ѽʸ˱Ľ䣬޵صģҿ޴̶㵽
Цûж°ԼˣǻЩжģ߹֮϶͸Ц
ϻǰصӣһ͸Ͻѹ˵ԣ͵͵ģȻӻͳĵֲҭŻȥһ͵͵˵ȣǸģ
ʺ˳ȥˣٿԱߵĽ۷ˮδˣ̲סùҲȵɡ
һ˵У˵ˣһֻܳһ٣
ֻˮ͸ɱŻعܴԴȵĽͲˣ
Ҳԣÿ̵Ϊԣͷ߶һѵ
ʡֻáԼԱĿǰȥ
ȽˣʽӣҪȻسлɡûµġ
ҡͷ֪ΪʲôǺ¹Ȼڽ﹫ǳǳãÿؼ̲סսڹ˵ܾɱ˰ʱһ㶼һɣ
⿴һۣ춼ǺڵģȴæµΪմӴϻ
ڵϣʱáǴĶ𣿿ûмҲһ㶼ϲǴŮ
ǴĶӣҲϲĶӡ
Žʣ䣬̧Ĩ˰ίѹıסʣʡ¡
²£ӣءۡ޿κΣȻҲһס˹ӣôҲܲܡ
ʱðһˣһ˳ǣ
Խ˵ӣˡҪҪȥҽأ԰ȥ
û׹ѵǹ˼
ȷʵˣڴȻòã粻ɱʡֻҪγȥˣ»취ˣ
ǿ۽ʣС˵ֻǡҲðշ㣬ҵġֻܷߣȥҽʻҪ
һⲻǹĻ˵ҲߣҪŹӣ
̫ˣʲôɱǾ뿪ӣ
͵ýǣ
ǲ죬°ͺͱӣ˸¾͹Ѫ
ڷ㶣Ѿ
ǺɸֵĿ˽һֻۣôҴˡ
ߺܿܽվڵϱסʵȿ޵ñһһѣ㲻ҪҪң
ûôĽڽ߽Ǻͷɿ˹
ѰʴҪߵģȻǸ˭ʲôӽȥֻǸ˿ʵ͸Ľʣ
ûҪˡϲҡǶ۸ҡ޵ôã㲻Ҫߣʣһõġҡȥ˵Ҫ㣬Ҫɱ㡣
߿һû¾ͳȥˡ
סš
ӷģʾߡ˵±˶ҪˣҲŹӡЦһ£ңҪ㡣ʱǹܺΪǣܲǲ
ƶǶʶڳл˶Į¡
ʵ˵Щ˽ߣΣΪá֪ѧǼ£ЩΪãԸ˵ȥѧ
ȥԵò˯òãÿ춼ҰǴߵ˶ῴЦ˵֡еһ뷢ˣڻˣʱǡ
룬һƥͿԴŰˡ
棬ץסİʣҲҵǵġ
֪ôˡڻǰôˣ˵˺ܶǳԡҲȷʵȵĹȷ̵ģһζء
˿ڿˮ
ʱ߽һһ̿ϺжһȻһ⣡ͨͨģģΡΡüأ
Ҳһ᲻õİѵӸ£᲻ߵĶԱߣ۾һֱǿ⡣
Ҳ˲̣־Ͱץ̵ĶˣҲϷ£ߣʿҧһڣɺóˣһ¿ˮûԹɣ⣡ҡ
ԹʲôʱԹ
˴ʵȻȳԣæ˵ӿԣ϶ǹģ

һЩɨȥͻȻ˳
ֻһԼƬΡһܴܴĵбܣкܶ׷ܵܿģΪǶ׷Ҳ׷
ͻȻиµˣ
Ϊܶ˶׷ÿ·ǾηĿǸˡ
һͷȥֻܵÿһ㣡Ⱥȥ֫ŵأȺķ϶һߴ׳ȼ˹ȥ
Ǹһץס
֪
ڻǸܼŮӵ
ڱǼһ£㣬Ϥֱȼеζ㡣ҧһСڣģûסҧڣǰԵ֮һˣϽιʣҲԡ
ССҧһڡ
ٳԣٳԣ
ʾҧһڣζ֭ˮĴݼ䣬Ũ
ǲģæ
ƴͷʿһһڵķֳ⣬ͱû˵
û뵽ô𣡡촽ϲζ
ʱǸ˵ǹ˵İ취Ĺ˺öǣرŨرر㣡
һһ
߻һܲõӣǳʵ˵˵ֻһ飬֭ÿ˶һ㣬Ҫԣٸʢ֭մűԡ
̵ͷúúãҪҪҪ
ߴͷɥȥʢˡ
һҲˣ͵Ц˵϶ǲˣǾͿԶԵ㡣
ͷ϶˵ӣһҪԵ㣡һûԹôóԵأһ˵лҲûС
Уʱ˿̣лǱߵôһˡ
ѵù꣬Ҳһ㰡ءקŽ䣬ָǰһ⣬滹˻ƾƣóء
ЦãܳҲԲһ谡
ԿԣҿڵʲôҲûԡɵĿƾϣ˼ʳƺҲЩ˺һľˣ֪ǲǺȷܱǴٹȾ壬֮оƵǲ٣ԵľֻʣһЩͨĸɱڡ
ЩڽºֻǲͣȾƣؾǺö
ҲûԶ٣һ㡣Юһ廨飬ȭͷÿӲҧ߳ԱߵͷҪ֪κᣬΪûء
ǰôһһˣһȥûʲôоǻġ
죬ƾЩˣӣȥһ£꣬һ٣ԶԶ֡
һˣģ̇ͷһЦˡ
Ҳһⶼˣһʱæң֪ǸóԺûǸ
ͻȥҲһȥˡ
оʣ
ֺǱߣȥ˾ԼӪĶҪܡ˵
˸Ľѵô˺һΣϾˣǻҲϷأɱ˾ֻǼʽԱ߱ĳһ֡Ƕǻˡ
̫ᳶ
ëȻҪ»صʵ
ġܣˣĬһͷʲô£㶼ȥһõġ
Ƕֺһ֪ȻҪżȥԺճһû˾ͳȥ׮
ǱѾûд˸ˡĬĬ˵
֮ǰĸ֣³κ³߾ĵطû˸ҳûˣЩ˿ɾˣΪ֪ǿˡ³ˣֻüۣ³ȥӻֱӸ³˺ϻֻҪҪ³ؾĻȫ³ȥˡ
³ҲܴǶٲµܡнӰڡôռ˰ʲôҲᣬ굽Ҫ˻ؽ뽪˳ͣȻһ·ƽżваԼ͵͵һˣͻᱻǡܡ
Ц³ôͷһôɵأôƻ
ûˣҲ򸽽Ĵ˵
һ£ǲǻҪ𣿡
ҪˣͻûҪԺ໤һˡɱ˷Żֻ컺ͼ֮
໤һ㡭仹ǲô
ЩطǿõĸһƵġűȥֻһǧˣκһطͻȻóһǧɱܿˡסˡ㵽Ժ˭ùܣԼ£ġʱͽ˭Ķ࣬˭Ըʱ㲻ùܣȥҺɱʱȥȡˡֻҪһͣȻͻ涼ýٽȻȥġ
ͲţֺµȫŽһģûһҰĵģû˽Թģ
ȻֻһǾֻ£ҲֻһһѺõ˶õġ
ǵֻҪҪԽ٣Խɵӣ𡰵ҲԽġ
ֻҪͷ˿ԭҪ򵥵Ķࡣ
Ҳ˿ýȥˣж֪ˣж£Լͻܲѹġת˼·ȥȡˣΪȣǱͲѹ
ЧδؾͱɱҪֺϵɱԺ󣬽ֹ˵ֺϡ
һǧ˵㣬ҲˡԪܻϼ꣬ھýֻ̫һĵľǽˡ
ڸҪĲǽϵıԽԽ࣬Ǹʱȥɳ
Ϊں£ܵȲɳһˡ
ۣۣ˱źӣ˴ҴҴӳлгȥ
Ůǹ㲻Ҷֻ쳤ӿŽѺӱߡ
ĿƮڿտѩҹ
ºţСԺ󣬴ҵľⲻ֪˻ǸˣΧ£ߣƺҲСòֺơ
ˣ˾͸Ӳع˼ܡ
ұһ̣жȻôվ˭Ҳᣬôʲô͸ʲôֱͽӰʧе˲ŸҳŸҼЦ
֪Լʱʲôӣ˽룬˫Ŀ̣ŹȥıӰ룬ʱӦҲɡ
ĹתģУǺεȿ£
ӵĿͻȻˣͷסӵĿڱǣ硣
кӣҿЦ
ƽڼﱧҵܵܡ
̾˿ܵأ
˵ĸˡ֮ĸ׾ϵˡױҲɱ²֣˽ס˵һеڣ£
˹
Ǹڵһͷ·΢΢Ӱһĵһǡ
û˵ʲôܿܡֺγһ·ϣӽ𣬽ߴһ³
ϵǴôֻڳʱڸ˼ҶѡҴѾŹ˴󲿷ֵˣֻһЩС忪
Ѿܺˡ
ȥҪõö࡭
ڵͷ˼˯
߹ȥǡ̧ͷãèУҰè𣿡ϸϸĽ
ҡҡͷǽʷˣѳлСӱˡ
̵ɴ۾ָŽ˵Ӻ̳ȥСĵ㲻Ҫע⣡
ͷûĴȥˡ
ǿĲ˵ҹɫ͵ıѾˡ
ѽתͷԽ˵


177 
Ӻĵطůĵطӿ޵øˣ˻ߡ
ֻϡһƤڡСצһϸĺӱ˱ڻָʽţǸӣ
ͷҲźǰա
ˣ㡣˵
Сʲô˵ģһ˴Żô롣ڲݴ϶ޣСӹƲȵʱĽö١
˼ˡ
üʾ˿
˿˽һۣҲÿɷȻù죬ͱź߹
սһǴĿġ
ӱȵĽ磬֪˼죬ϾȻѪۡ޴Դ֧ϸĲϣһ˫۾δСɵıӶ÷ףһѪܿ壬µĿǻͷûʲôѪɫ
ٿֽȫƤһϵǶģһС֣÷ȴ̾ץסָˡ
񵱳Ľ
ɫԣЦ˵˰ɣճСӶѿ˰ȥɡ
ߵĽȦˣ֣˻Ѻӽӹȱϴ裬ôСӦụ̳̂嵭ι
һֻĸţ̣һʼǴȣǽǺȣԼҲȡСӺȵĺ̫ŨҪõһӡ
źȥĿǸҲһ𾪡
ӣˣЦҿɲЩ̺ĹӸ磡
ͰѸղŵľ춪ˣ˵û˵ʲôƢ
ȴ뵽ڰѺӸվƿºǱǵƻͨ
Ҳ߹Ӹ£ſڶܿǵһ ÿһοһĻս
Ȼժ¥̾š
һۣûôһ˶£
һЦղȻͬĴȣ鴫еЦֶǰһֱѵŮһĺøУҲô
ƺֻߣֺγһֵԴأ
˵ʲô̾һֳڣԽ޴ʲô
˵ʢĽǴֵܳǰԽǲа㲻ƽġֻǡһӾֱˣͻȻԼҲܺͽƽӡ֮;ǰʲô˼ҲеԼ̫ˡ
С󡭡
ʲôϵ
ֻΪһλ³ҲҪһŻΪ󡣲ʲô˶޹أҲֻҪѡǲҪˣʱַ仯ˣȻȻ͸ˡ
ȻһִȱʵҲ֮ΪԼҲǱ˵ˡ
СõһǣʼҪвһţЩȥôУԼ֡
СȴûԼʲôԼ˭Ҳû˵ȡһô
ԣŻŻСӽϡ
ˣڴϣһֱʧٲ̫áϾǡʷˡ
¥ȥǸӡ
ǰһĻˣֻǸĸ¸֫Сĸϣĸһֻͷǽһ𾢡
С˵˯ȦϵĶҲɾġʵҪֻãĸСԹ⣬˵ܺóʱɫˣŵҲᡭ
תͷȥǸվſڵ˭
ϳˣһУأʱڹ͵Ц
쵰֪ҲǱţ

¥𣿡
ˣ
һʱȫɧ
Ȼÿ˶ܸмǰ̹ȴûмʲô֪
ʱ˺ǲţȻ뿴һۣͿһۡ
ȥȺԼ˰Щ˸ˣһЩ˱߱ͷڱ߻ͷ͵͵ſڵĵ¿һСӰ·ų°ڣ滹кÿĻơ
ϻȥϴ˸裬ͷãɾһ·ʲôû׼ô࣬ϰ߲Ь
ĿǡɨĽϣǺڵÿԭɫĴţֻϥǵĿӣõ·
ͲˣÿʲôԺ󲻸ҳķ
ΪʲôƤ𣿡ʡ
ԳԿԳ԰˵̨ë
Ӧɣǵǰͽ궼ƤһǴࡢƣƤȥǮԼûô
Щߴ붼ûмۣҲĵĽ飬ǴӹŵеģһɫһǶġ
ϽЩմɫĵĻҲǮֻһЩĿ˾ӣëһģܻӭ
ôֹ֮仹żСľֶһЩǮֻҪûжĵ̫鵽Ҳֻһ۱һۡ
಻ˣҿƤһȥǮˣƺ˾ȥˣҪôȥˡ
һԼԼȥ췣
˸ͷȥ¹һմˮƤ޳űʮޣǸƤǶˡ
СӵĶӺȵĶ˻죬ĸѱƺûë޲Լĺӣƨţ⺢ϵѪ۶ɾˡ
తûһϻðղŻȥͰˮһ£ɾ·ٹͷʪģ˵⺢ӳꡢ꣬ٱ·ˡ˵꣬ԥżһ䣺ʵ⼸춼ȦĸһסСӳû׼һһԣ˯˻ҪڣҲůͣԣˣüˣչġ۾ٱ߸á
˵İɡ̾˿ս⺢ɫĵطûôˣǸĸһůˣЩطʼ죬ĸȫ⣬ԵϵƤһһˡ
ܻӿô졭ôСôҩ
ͷһ˵û£ȥܲͷ˵ͳȥˣһٻһﻹҧһܲͷ̵ģ·ͽʱһ顣
ԵĶǺöʣܲͷҲĽ
ܲͷԱߵĻϿһȻСӱһ꣬˳ӸĸˡӲŶ㣬Ͳ˸飬ȫͨͨģֽȫһһĸ˯ðĸҲһ˯ˡ
ʣµܲͷȫιԱȦץһֻֻĸġ
ʱֻĸͷҲ̧ˣţվ
ɴֻСҲСϣСѩף۵ӺİǺߵһߣץٷŻȥԺС֪ӣͺһĸˡ
ֿһȦǰӣװһšĸǸȦϺһݡ
˵ҿ
ҲôģܰԼҲ˵ҲҸָࡣ
ٶˡ˵ºͽ£ĸһӡ
ֹȥҽʱС˵ôò̫ԣǴĶӲ٣Ǳ߲һʣõĸ
ӾǴĹӣڹҲȲϵӰ
ҲòԣһʱҲ벻ͨʲô˼չķԸȥʲô¶Ժ˵
֪ĺӾƤʵӲ
ľϾ͹ʱǸʵ̫ˣһ˶ֵġȦס߰۾ſˣҲһ㣬ƤȻһЩϣҲ˼鶳ڽ˵չתˣҲȦת˳ס˽ǵķ
ӻ򲼣һ߶̿
ǸСֻĸҲĸˡֻĸҲǣˣι̺ȣںȵøˣʱΪˣߣһ۾˯ﻹ˹˵ء
̵۾Ȼˣе㿴ķӦϰģת
һİƣһǱİƣӵͷתÿˡ
۾ǲǡǰڣ̿Цȥץ֣һӾץˡ˿
һۣСӶأܿʲôҲܿӰӣﻹô
չ̣С˵ӡǾˣ
ţѵǣҲǺܽһƲ죬ʱлѽ͵ߵ£ǿɶǵһ
Ȼʱ׹ΪʲôȥѽҪ˵Ҫ˻ٱл͵ߣһ»͵Ժ͵ȥô죿ͷǰ㲻ҪҲ֪ܰġ
ùǲġⲻھͱ
ſ̶һ£ǰʲôˣǹðɣҪǵùĶŶ
ͽ¶Ц
лڿޡūǰɫѿ
ֲҵĴﺦūЩίŮҵģ͵͵ߣʲô취
ūͲȥҪ󣡡
ĿȻֹ
ūԸиǲޡǰùû취Ԫƶ⣬Ҳһֱڸʹӣӹժ¥ĺ£ժ¥Ҫʲôûʲôһ类ˡ
ȻԽԽˣԽԽ㣬ͷԽԽ͸ֱӭ档
ںòиˣȻҲģ
ǰһץסͷҲȥ
ͷƤקۣȴһҲҳҽŮ
μǵýĻҧֻҡͷ
ūŽԪȥҴֻͷڵУץסūץӲݣȴǿֲȣ촽ҧöѪͷץһơ
ֱŮС˵󣬹
ūŷſ
ºʹֱžʹͷ£ãӺ󣬲ŸҺŮ
ŮĽͷ̧ڵУʮǧԶͷ˵󡣡
ԥһ£˵˽ɡ
һڣɳƣԼǸŮŵɪɪһŮȻǸղĶˣ
̵ߺūϣūݵĵһֶۣͷŷġ
ū֮Ĺϵκ֪ȻǽһǴŹūʱūضȡ
Ů£һͦص˽ò㣬СƺͱȹҪСϼꡣ
ԳúÿŮŮΪǻϲϲǲõģԾٿɫҲûдʲô£
˵ʺ󡣡ͥԺһ󣬵ȻʱֻǷˡڿѾˡ
󿴲һ󣬾Ȼ϶⡣
ȴֱ⡪
ʱԶĵһͷܳܺڡ
ͷͣһֱϲ赸һֱܽЩһξͺˡ
һ衭ʵȸãԸҹһȺмˣǽȥ
ͣһ£ūڸʹɫ죬𣿡
ǾղŲ˵䡣
Ȼˡ
ܺãпգժ¥ȥһúдġ˵꣬پ͸ˡڵײǸŮɫĽһ𣬲Ҫһܡ
Ůû춼ûӦ
ǴҴһصժ¥ֱ˶¥
ڸСƤС˵л˺һˣҵˣڳлһֱΧţӦǲڽƤ͵͵һ˵ģֱӲµǽ͵͵ˡ
˵󲻸Ҽңˡ
̫ܰɡϾ󣬽Ԫô죿ҪˣҲطҪϡѵǽԪϴģ
⼸̵£ûȥܺºַʲôֻҲ֪Сһ벻̫ܡ
ǿ϶˵ǰˣΪڵϿͷлڵŮһͷݷûһôġ㷢
ͷڵϣǴúˡ
ýȥһ飬òǽġԸ񣬱пܣȥСô
ôһ룬ýȥһˡ
æýͷöȥ꣬ҲǼСʾڽʱҪٶһ˰͵ǴӦһȥ̾·ݾͽֳǡ
֮⣬һһҪժ¥Ρ룬Ȼľַˡ
ԪѾӦˣһժ¥ߵĹʱѾˡǰûϵѾܲסõĵطˣرժ¥ΪĲ
ֻҪôýǨҪһ룬ڳǰҲùȥϵסϼ꣬ǸֻһºߵҪݣһʼͱ¶ˣ˵⵽ԡ
ڲǹ㻹Ƿu붼һѽ̳Ҫ˶ţһ谮³˳ݣ˵ĹڴʱͻȻ˵Ҫùժ¥סȥֻ˶ỳ֮ǰĴǼˡ³֮ǰûͳ
Ԫ߹״ҪҪһ
ԪһȡϻӣͳһŷŽ۾ţ̾¾˵ΪʲôЩ룿ԭǸ÷ˡϻٴ򿪣Ѿˣһӣϻڵˤ롣
·˶һԪȴľȻ
ɫСĵʣв죿
Ԫ̾һˡ̻ûԼֹǰʱһ˵ģΪʲôû
һֱūˣŵȥժ¥
һժ¥ˬԽԽϲŭĴЩһҲᣬص
Ϊ»Ҫ£ȴŹֵ´һһ滹ߵһ꽻ͷӶ
ҲŭȻЩ겻˳ۣѾϰÿؼ߱ضǼÿ㣬ȥºҲÿĽڶǵסǵˡ
Ů˵СĻһ
Ծվù
ĳ㲻ˣЦʡ
ڹ̬Ҫѯʡ
ֻ롭˲ò࡭һ߿һҡͷ
װԾĪĳһ̴֪ˣ
˽ǣս۾СʣΪʲôҪ󣿡
󣿡һ֮£Ӧ˹ɫͱˣ˵ڴ󣿲ǣв𣿡
ѵ㣿ͣװɵ㻹˭أֻ֪ȷʵ󣬵û뵽
һֻ֣ҡ
Ѿµ˭ˡ
ЦһҾлҡ
Ϣ͸ġ
ڳл͵͵СģǽǽԪ
ֻǽū
۽
ҪǶͿԸһˡ


178 
Ѹﻹ𴲣յţڴŮôж
Ůˣھ˵ȥɣҽúϢ㲻ˡ
Ůȴƿ˴ʣ˵ʷˡ

֧ԥҪҪʱ򣬾ͼѾ󲽽ˡŵæ㣬ͬյӣҲţ
ŮҲû뵽ˣһʱ֪Ǹ߻Ǹ¡
ȥ˵
Ůæͷȥ˵š
ڴɪɪڡʷȥȺϾͳ

ʷȥױ
ǲ
ˣ쵽䣬׼γ
ͻȻߵĻŵһ
ҶҰγذףΪζԽңаѱ
Ӵʺ̽ͷһ˫Ӻ˴Բģܾϧ
ɽΪʱȥ裬ʮҲˡ
˵ʵ潯վʲô㲻ܶ˵
ô˵ѵ֪ū֪
ҧ촽һﲻ
ȴˡ
иѱūУ˶˵ѱȻҪǹغĶ֪ҲŹūвҲԸȡ
ȻǸʣʱҪڽ˱ĵǻɱ
֪𣿡ͻȻʡ
Ťֽץסʡ
˵ǰŲšԵ˿𣿡
͵̧ͷȴѾתǰ˵˿ķϣһס
￴ŽȥıӰаٸн
ŮһĹٽ÷ȴյĵڴѹֵĿ
иŮˡڰҹﵽ±˵
±綳ֱ£ϽѱͷŶҴȻŷӦĶģ
лǿΧҶ˯ô̱࣬ڻһһСͷͷ˯ء
ȥ·ҲȽȥġüҲ˺󣬳ѹһ𣬱䵥
³ĬΣˡԼδܱסô˵ϱˣ
ʱ˯ˡ
̺ߺƺҪޣ˯ԺĶ§һšȻŴӲʮ죬Ƕϰˡ
һֱûӣҪһֱ̺ӣȻֳ࣬ȻЩŲմء
ͬʱסߵҲûиųӱ𣬽øҲĬˡʶЩˣȴٳڽǰ
ΪҲ֪һġܵܡǸôѡ
ʣǻǻ湫أأ
һֱǶһһŹڣ֪䡭øأˡ
תۼ䣬ȥ
ůĴ紵أͤͤĺɰˮϣʾŴĵ
ժ¥һС޵£˶֪ˡֹΪкӵĿʱʱĴƺҲɻ䣬õʱ̴ӰСӱɹ̫ðСӣ⻹˵
ȻǳлСӡ
СôܵϵģлΪʲôһ仰Ҳ˵˵Ķб̸ʡ۷׷ףսԽԽǿư裬ºʹòȴҲǹĶ֡˻ɫ˵մЯºʱߣûаݼҲ˵ܴݣ˵ݲߵļ̺ǰǸ󽯺󣬹ʱݼӶ󽯺󶼲ҶԹָֻţСеӣǹʲôʲô
ҲֻǵһȤǹ軹裬ֻҪǴСֻҪʰ֮ˡ
˵ûзǾͱˡ˵СԸùСء
ūڽԪϸ˵СӻӦͻسлĬŸáСӵߣһʱСӳʲôͲˡ
Ԫѣū˵ûӦԴͳϻóһŵԪԵϤĶֱӾ͸ˣ˺һѹū۾ˣ˵һ飬ǡýˣæ˵ݽ깱ϵĵ׻ƽǧ࣡
ģԪ̾Ͱūӵһԣֱ飬ϲЦúúãǹµĺóӣǺϽ
ūѽԪעռȥˣٲҲֻ¡ڵŽٽȥһȾ͵ȵ˷u͹ˣֻô˽˵Ԫͷ
գֻҪҽԪ˵Сӵ£ܻ֮֡ˣ޵ʽѲɽ˹ȹ֮¶湫ͷ
ȴһֱۣӾˣڵūҧ޿κΡѾԽԽŷˣҲԽԽҪպʲôӮشأ
Щ񣬰Ȼѽ֪ĺˣ֪ˡҪ֪ǰĲڶȵůĽǣ˵ϺȣССŹҵĴܣĲ׷ֵùЦĲԸӶģ
ǰһĵݵһڿڲ֪ĺȥʱžˡ
£ٰůƽЩţ˵㿴ģŷ
ʲôãȻ̧ͷ죬ʱ۾͵Բˡ
ʲôǳ̹Ȼ˵˵ʲôôΪѰ
ȶˣҲ³˵ãһ;ĶǺȽΪһͻڣܾͷ󺹵ǶǽϱʯĴˣôܳأ̫ŹˡΪëճȲ趼ȵģ°á
ȻΪʳְ࣬Ⱦƣͳθۡ
ǰ󣬰˰һۣůϣ̾иˣ˵Ҫһ׮񡣡
˭ʲô񣿡ʡ
³֣ʲô˵տ֪
ͷˣЦǲǾǰ̫ӹˣһ֪ҪʲôҲͷСṨյĵУĵΧȫɵӣΪСڼﱻصٳţϲ˵̵ĴСǸСһĺӣûкӵ棬Сʱɵ˰ߴʱûٳĿֹĴ˵ʱûһϲģʱֲ̫ܻһӣʲô֪ˡ
ԵĹԹһʱĿ󣬹ҾͿʼô֪бȡôΪʤ
ñȦڹһС֣꣬ѾûĶ֣ȫͽ
ϣȻΪСһ𳤴󣬼ֶΣܱǣԹҲǺŷģ˵Ĵģʧܡ
˵źӲùģ̵óʲôˡ
뵽Цһ£ºʸ
Ҳûʲôֻһǰǲһ˵ⷬǹΪʲô˵ΪͽͼָĴʲôĪǽҪȥǸֺϣȥֺϵ£潪һڴߵ֧ߣ
ϻЩͷԴתͣȲȥҽ֤ɽһ֪ǸһǸûӵġϽ䣬Ǳ߻ȷȻ𷴸СȻֻһǧū˭óǸܵļһҲȲϽ䣬ʮϲʵϽصġ
ԼҲ벻νĴʲô˵ģԹ˽̫ˣݳ޻ǶԽ׷󣬵ǹǿһ档ܻɣһƽ𣬻һ䱦ȥԹ˵޸Ỷϲ֣ǲмһˡ
Ϊ£žеˡǡþڹſ˷u֮ƣҲ鴫һƥͽһɫĺãϲЦΧ˾Ͷġ
Щᣬɣ
uŻ̧ͷĳͲ߹
ʹûòʱ˿Ҳڼ֮ɫ´ŷuɺɫ
uһۣﳾ˹һ
ŷ³ӣİһ߸ֽһ߳Цã
ºﻹӣӰͷuǰŵģu˵仰ֱȥæ׷ȥʱ˯ģ
uա
ǽҲˡ
нڣ˫ڣһʹþˣҡҡλεվֽһָ˵ҪĹƷҴһ̲ͣҲֻһЩʣµĶˣ˵վͲǵҪߡ
һסˣӲǰѽ°ԭأЦƣʱôöǣ
ָԼĺȦ˵Ҷҹûˣϲŭ˵Ҫʲôʱ򿴣ǽҪֲܺŪ⾫񣬼Ҳܺã䲻һ벻𲻳Ŀˣر
еȻ˦ֲɣֱɡ
ˣȫϵڴϡʹ㡢uһתأ
ֻԼƴˡ
ҹ¼ҲֻѣȻЩƷ½ǾѾ¼ˣھҪ֪׹˶٣ҲʵΪ
㿴һ۹ѷuͽٵߣС˵һЩһɣ
uֱʣʲôˣĿֱ˵ϡ
Цǿ˶ڿ˲׹üǣ
ЦƲҪˣҲǼҴѧ˱ʣͬҲ֡
ȻеŤu͹㶼˼ҲӦ˾Ͱѽº˶ˣͷuȰѸصĹƷһ飬һЩҪȥ¼ͳơ
ˣҽյţŵȫڷܱʼ顣
Լõһбòۺ󿴵ˣһӾ˴ʹ˸ۣվ߹ȥװ̽˵˵ţͰⰸᵽԼǰˡ
ŷӦӶˣ˿ЦһʱÿЦãָŹĺ֣ܽһ֣ڻӦ𣿡
Цõܵܣ㡣ôдͲصͷˣԽԽúãܵĹǺ˼
ЦõŶ飿ôֶָ·֣ĺ֣뿴
ͷͿġժǡ֣ʱһ㶣
ŵһϲ飬ȥ١ϻȥͼô￴鳭飬ϲҡ
ȴһԼĲԽ鰸Խס뿪ˡ
ڡ뿪̰鰸ûԼá
ҹɫˡ
ɫԽԽ˵ԽԽڸֳ¼ѾˣصĹƷѾȫ¼˿ϣڼƷƫƫΪһһȥڽ㹻ĹƷʱƵֵֹĶˣڵֺأuȴҪ˰ⶫ̧һҪȷʵдǰ棬ǸѰ֮ͼдȥд۵ĿͷβǴе鲯ͷβһֲ©Բῴ˰ʲô֥컨ʯʯ콵ʯ
ͻȻ˸
̧ͷһۣ̾ˡơһҾȥŴܴʲôУǧǧҪھ£
±ʣԸ㵽ͷöȥuɸȥɡ
ֻҪԼȥУתͷu
uˣ±ʣ·˵Ҿȥˡ
лͷuȥҲ׼ᵽȥûͽǡͷзuʱһ»˵ùȥuڣҪм뽯һŶԡ
ڵԼ鰸˰̧򲯣ƺƵȥˡ
һߣ˸Ƿ鰸һƣ˵˯һ˽ҡ
˴ӦһѵƸŲԶЩ
һ˯ü죬ǱһŭĽкѵģƤʵǳܹͻȻˣ꣬ūż˴˽ŭѣūȴһЦſȥɡЦһ£˵ˡ
⻰һͷǲţôأ
齴Ьڴñһū˵һзת
ڴǰʡ
ǡūЦͷ
ҺأЦʡ
ūеĶⶼҪˣ˵Ҵ
һ˿ԤС
ūЦ˵ɱСӡ
߽ʱһ˿ʵС
еƻͨȫɪɪĶڽΨйΪ۵ĹûʵڴǰԶŴɱȷʵöޱȣ̬һ˿һη塣
ĳȥ
Ԫһָ˵Сӽ𣿡
uһԣ龪ﲻһߣһڱǣ£һҲʲô飬ǳԾȻأԤı
Ψйܿһۣ¶΢Ц
ɹԽЦԽ³
ΣҲʱЦɴûһЦôģô⡣һ̵Ĺֻ²Ŀ


179 
С˲֪̹ȻŽԪĻǸţãȻϡ۽˵С˲֪ΪʲôҪСˣСţһûжġ״Ȼ˵βѯһ¹ߵˣ
Ԫ˵Ǿһˡ
뿪ǰִһ˿Ȼһ۽ߣԹ޵壬ҲᱳѴ
ߵ棬ůóһɫͱˣ̨ף߹ôˣһƿվǰͥͥԺе׽һǸʮˣɷժ¥
Զժ¥ȥǲ£ڵĸ¥һ̨Ĺ
¥ϵģһˡ
ǴеĵţƿеӣҴеˮҲûҵһˣһ˶Ҳ
ЩܲһӲģȥһ¡ʡ
ժ¥̨ĵλ̫ˣ⵽Ŵʴժ¥ȥ˺ͳ
ȥֻһϢĴȣǰͷùŮ˿Իؼ̽ףֽҲڹʱžۡ
ժ¥жˡŮ̺ûһ֪
޵ҧ
Ҳֻ֪ڳл֮ҺһЩӳлӳ˺͹Ůܵժ¥Ը̺¥ﵽжˣҲ˵
Щ꣡۾һ˵ߵòףǱض°빦
ӦʣʷҪסѲȫ𣿡ֿɲҷסŻУǺţߣϹžˣǱŽºĹűͲˡ
ҡͷֻ̾Ͳڹˡ˶ɢֻķԸؽңнҴȥҡ
߸꣬߳࣬üĿòãߴ磬һۣòŮһһЩòͷӷģĳһʵ潯Щѣ
üȵȣУһƥֻ񡭡ˣһƥһơ
֪Цƣʱ˶ҪأϽнȥϿģƫƫϳ겻ƥñ׳ʱǶơ˵һ벻ԣ۽ҵڹǰɱ𣿡Ц֪ǶҲƵĶӺҲܲ֬ϣպǺǱһ˭Ӯ˭ߣ
ϲһƴ͸ֻʶʶˣҲֲǣֻܹԼˡ˵ƵŮ˶ڷȻţڿҲһ㲻
һ˿Ҳȥǣ첽ȥˡ
ԶȥӰ֪㽯ȫѲҲˣΪǰһվͳˣ㽯ҵ׷Ͻѵܰ˸׷𣿽˶ǼѪǿˣһǧˣһֱǻֳ֮⣬ֳֻеĽ롢ҵϲȫ㽯ҸҼٽ֮ҪѲľūҲδػӦһ
ҡҡͷҪǣΪʲôҪɱǸӣ۰ðװֵģôͻȻɱأɱСӣѵΪ
벻ͨô붼벻ͨ
ǡǹ˴Э飬Сӽʲô
зת
ǹңǷң
ǹ㣿Ƿu
Ҷൢʱ䣬Ҵֻص˽ºؽȥͲֺһȥ͵ͷˡ
ž㣬۽ɨūڴߣơ
Ԫ˺һʣƣ֮У
ժ¥Ѿûˡ
ԪЦΪʷ̨˰ˣ˰ٹŮѵһҲҲ
ĶðڽǰѾ뵽ʷ뺦СӣԶ֣Ҳȫܹ˵ߡ
빫ʱ꽥
ӳлְСӱժ¥
Ҫݺ
º𣬽Ԫһֱʱˣ෴һ䶼û
Ƚuʷu֪֪
uǺЦѯʣ֮𾪣֮Īȫǲ뱯ˡ
дʱһҪסᡣߵˣе̫ˡ
ֻ֮㣬һǿһȦȻʩʩȻ˽Ԫȿ۷uȻǼ٣ЦЩˡ
СŮдĪҪƴǡ
ٿūǿ˷ܣرǿŽ񣬺Ȳѵؿڡ
ūҪΪһ¡
ժ¥ĺҹԼǰū
ūߵĽǣЦܽڳлң˴ϻ۾ףС˸Ҳ
ͺˣЦһС£ѵ᲻㣬ȥ󣬻ң𣿡
ūЦһ£˵̬ڵϣԱߵĵҲмãҸ档ǰҵһ£ѵͲңɱ𣿡һ˲Цøſ⣬ɱǸŮ˲𣿡
֪Լʲô飬óڼʱб֮⣬಻ǿ˭ϵı鶼ˡ
㲻һѵ˵һֱ֪ҵĳ˭
ū첻Ŀֱ˵㲻ɱңɱ˫ǰ֪ڵĽ»ʳ˭ģ복ڣ˭ģָǣò꣬Ĵҹӣ֮֮ȥ˭ģ
˵
ڶ˵ɱЩ֮ūָͻȻЦһΪҾ͹ТˣԭТˣ
ڣǲҪ˵
ū£ܵúܿ죬ȥü㴩խ·ϸڴϥϵλһģһġ
Ӧõġڻûзʱˣ㲻תڵΪҪ㣿
Ϊввϣȵ˵ѵһ¶ҪĴ𣿡
ðô᲻ãͲôֻһŵˡ
ŹʱˣһֻʳҰޡ
ôأʣʱԺҪôأ
ֻܶ˵ʱʱȻ֪˵ҪôҪˡҳҰȲϴĹӸ֪Ķ࣬룬Ǹкܶð취Ŷԡ
ūΪĹӸ硱Ȼͦ棬ͦȤġʹǾɣС˱زʧЦһ£Ĵʹõ¥ȥˡû뵽֪
ŽԪеľƱūһߵƣһߺȫעڽϣ·˾ֻΪĳ̬
ԪҲ֪İЩƶȥ
ū꣬ó


180 
ڿſڵλõĽ¡
ݺ
ʷ
ڹֻһҵ󣬼һĺȫڽ˵֮Сġ顱֪
ڹͻȻ̹ɱСӣ˶֪СǴڹнŮʱ͵͵µģȻСҵ˿ƽɣҲݡ˭ţ˭һжҡ޹أ
ңͷ߸߰𣬴ҾᱳѴ
ԪΪʲôҪ㣿
˵ΪֻдȨƣһУ
⻰̫ˡͷuĿŽһӵܣȻΪ裬ֻ˵ó
̫Ҫˣ
ԪѵҲܸ㣿
еϥǰƺһҲ½ԪͻȻγɱϥԪǰ£ֱ㲻ڵ˵кôȿǽ룬ң
Ԫ֪ɰڴһ̣ҸֻҶģҶֻҴ󲮵ģҴˣҶҲ߳Ҵ󲮵־
ūĿŽΪСӻΪ˽ҸԸȥˣû뵽ΪԼԸýȥˡ
ҵڶУȻôһ֡飬֪Ǹʲô顣ڽյĲϽһл˵һһֽԽҵģȻҲ
ԪĿ۽ָʽǾ͵Ź߹£ûаС͸
ʹϣǹһֱҪС˰СӸ
ԪʣΪģ
ΪСȢӮùķġ
ԪʣҼǵǰϲ
ͷСǰǳṫǳ޹ŪСˡСȥκ֮ˣСֻ˰ڲСıһУֻȥȡȨС˾Ϊõŵˡ۽СȻ Ȣ˹С˾ͻΪŮҲСˡе˵룬СĶģôȥ﹫ɱСأ
ԪͷתͷԽ˵㿴һڻ˭վߣһһָŽˣu㣬Ψһ޹أڴȴҲ˵
֪ǸĺӣѹµĶӽ¾Ͳɱ㡣һ̣ΪѾ·ˡǰƵϣȴ˵Գ£ˡ
ԪúȣԴһе۾ƺˣͣգỹǲʱӿ
ͷᣬ̧ͷʱûһΪղΪġТģΪϿɱŮ
ֻڿʲôʽɱ
һҲһȸ
ı亹ע⵽uҲܽŵĶŴ
˵ˣɱ
ԪЦ㲻ɱ
ɱˡ
Ԫҧ죬ȭͷţһ̾ͻӵͷϡ
ɱˡΪʲôҪɱأԽôáԪؿھţ֪˵Լ˵ˡ
ȻΪ˱𡣡ֱбԭ𣿡
𣿡Ԫ괭ŴԴЩ裬˦˦ĸ´籦ΪҪ㸸𣿡
װ񡣡ȵĴʱ˿̻˵ֻǼܿЦ£ѵô㺦˭𣿲ҪװһȰĸף˭㲻ҵĸס
һＴԾ
繨㣬ֱӱˡ
ū۾Ҳɵø
uһʱ֪ηӦΪһʼͻ£ڹԹֳ谮ʹݻɡϾ˭ԲԼĺôأ
ƺһ˲ʲôתС
֪˹ΪʲôԴһֱô䵭ǰΪǹΪ谮еĵڿֻ¶ĲûһֵĸŮ֮顣
׹ΪʲôҪѴȻ֪ݲģõһУѵ㲻м㲻
֮ˣܵõ档
Ԫһ˲תǰһжߵˡ㱼䣬˵飬е
˵ˡ
ôң
˭
ҵģ
ҵģ
ҵģ
Ƕ֪ˣ
֪ƭˣƭ³
عʱԼūжһѽ
šū״ƹĵôȣˤ
ͷuҲˣڽԪһưγһ̣һȥ
Ԫһ
ӭŽ桪
վԱߣȵķֹϵ龹ȻǷɡߵյ㣬ǰûޣҲҸĵ
ɣ
ɱ
һ˱һ˼֣ӲǰѽԪ
Щ·ϵˣԪĿѣ
Ȼû
ūŵһ棬ͶˣҲһ仰ˣǧˣûǽȥһϵ˳⡣
Ŵڵ˻ߵĺٺЦš
ղǾʰ
û뵽˵ܡҪ֪һ˵ܣͻʧȥǰһУĻûˡǴ谮ĹģǾɱСӣͷuζᱣġõĽ־ǱŹžȥ
ͷ죬̾ϧˡ
һȤˣܿҪˡ
Уͷuʹ˳̵ŰѽԪסԪ֪˻ˣϣ
ͷڶˣͷɢڼϣܻߵǰղŽʱֻ֪־
ϵʣĸףҲ֡
Ҳнұ֡˵
˵ղŹ㻹֮һڴ˿ҲȫûˣŽԨûмһ
ѵ㲻𣿡ʡ
Ԩ仰ԾȻôӵԺÿһ춼ˢۣھȻ˹ôѵ㻹
㿴۷uһŽһۡ
ǹתͷ˵
Ԩĺ棬ΪʲôǸ򵥣ߵˣԼҴ£Ϊ˴ƽԪ³ƿأýԪЩǰɨأҲվ˫ϵġǶԽǲİȫ
һ̫ǿһ̫ʱû취һ߳ɳǾֻдǿߵȣߴͬһˮƽϡ
˵һĹһĹĸ³ãҾѡĸ
ñ˵
˭أԼҲеˣ˷uu˵ͷܿߣҲ˵ͷ
ȻôСˡ˵ǴŮ˵ÿһ仰ỳˡ
Ԩ۾ͷԡ
ʣʬء
ˡ
һĺһ
ͷuȴӦͷ͹ժ¥빫ʱժ¥ҪҵȰ
ڸӵվ㡣
Цһ£˵ԸҪһһļٹҲҪ˻湫
òƷ¶ûҪһǵĹһĹºͬʱӵòƷ£УȻǰߡ
uڹ;ɱһŮˡΪ˸Ůܽһ֮λģһλŮ
һ˿塣ô˵λŮȵ񣬲ŵȵشһ죬ɱԾõĶӣ⣬֮ᣬ֮
ۣۣźڰСֱۣĵĻӴš
ڱϣ۵úץסµ°ڽȻһҲ߲ˡ
ҡǵҪȥʽ¡
ºܳʱŻشȥһ̵ĵط
ǰǽ뽪ǣ˸һ߻ͷ¿¿ϱǵĸˮΪ˽ʡǲűԼߣҲ·İգտ᲻ۻ˼
˶ͷһǰߣڱͣʡ
ǲǲҪˣ
ôǮǴ̳ǲȥˡ
߰
ƻʱһ˵ĵطͣҪ̣۵һҲ붯ҺůˣҲ˯Ұﲻ¶Ҫ̲
ºͽȥˮ޵صҰݸһҩߡ
֮ºͽŻûҵˮ˲ҵ̳űóˮι̡ǹǵİ취
Ȼ˾˯ˡ
ҹ͵͵ȥ¿ϵĸˮºһС֣Լϣ׼뿪
Ҫȥºͽһֱڱ̵Ľ˯
תͷĿˣͷ˵Ƕˣֻʣ¹һˣҪȥŹ
ƽĵͷСһ㡣
Ҳ˵ȥ֮ȴһ¹е龰ֻѾûסˣȻҲǶߡ
ǵ˵ͷֵܽӵһ£ֿˡһĿ͡
˿һ𣬲֪ղ
֪ټʱϲʶԷ


181 
;֪Ҫߵʱ
౳Źһż⵶һͲǡлǣһͷţţһܶ̿ĳû֪⳵ڲ͡һ£⳵ţţǰɽ˺Ҳܳ忪һ·
ɢһȥɽҰˡе֪ԼҵĻģҲ¿ţӵģֻܿ˫ߡ
ǽĶ顣
ûֻ֪һЩˣҪˣǸ˱ˣҪǣٺٺ٣µ޲裬ǰҹ͵͵ߵʱ͵ЦأʱǸ˻ˣ
٣ԵĲͶˣ
ǮֻģɲˡҸŽôȱԵģ
ûȥ⡱Ͱ˸ȥˣֻǸҪߵķʱ׷ˡ
ظ·˵ȥĵطǰҲȥҶ죬ֻȥҪｨկˣԺҪס
˵סҲͶǵ˻ԽԽġΪ˲ӣʱȥ˶˵ʲôֻҪ֪зԾˡ
ʣҪǲأ
˵ЦˣҲЦ
˵վǰǸҲ𣿡
ΧŴӣǸҲ𣿡
ǾͲ£
ûûȣͽȥ£
һ˺Ц
һһ㶵ģһҲˣûʱǾһС˵
Ǹµİ
ôϼǿࣿ
࣬𣿡
ͷ԰˵ԲϷˣǳģ㲻
æҡͷǣ˭ԥ˵ôԷ
˵꣬мһʮ˶ʧĴͷ
ǲ뿪ժ¥
ɹ͸ˣǲò߰
ͲõĹˡ۾ģӹѧ˺ܶóԵģ뿪ɹҪˡ
϶бǸõ˸ġɳƵ˵
԰
ජЩˣ޲ܰǵͷƣߡ϶Ϊ£Σգ
ĵһ˾ͻȻ֮䣬լ㸲ȫŮһû٣ȫˡЩȴֻǱ˳ȥǵʱԸǺúַʵС˳ԣϲСˡ
ǸϲˣΪˡûʱǸޣǵøĸ磬Ҳ֪ǲǸĸģǸ˼Ҵ˺ܶꡭҲû꣬ΪСͱˡԶǵõһδ·һϴ裬һͷһγԵóԵ⡭Ǹ˵ߡ
ʱС뿪ѣ㵽˰ἦȥᵽϷץӵǰ棬һ飡Ҳǣڼˣ
ߣʱͳˣһȥɱˣɱɱ
Ծĵ
Թ˵Ҳߣɱˣ
Ľȥģ˵Ҫɱˡһɱ˲ʲôܾ˲ΰġ㣬˭ġǴȥϽ߰ɡǶɻ󣬸ŽҲǰ;ɱˣڽҲܺãߵġ
ʹЩˣѹһ˶¡
޵ͷ̧ʹǹôԷأ
Ц˵һ
˵㲻Ҳˮ಻
ҿԡСңǰҲôġ
һ仰˵
Ϣʱ˯һȦҶҸطһɾˡȻе䣬ϻйƤأƤڻı̵˯ˡ
û˯ڵϣ֣ҹա
ݴгӵĽˣֹȥһץץסһֻ֨֨Ľˣͦʡ
߹ĽŲֶԶˡ
У˯ʱԼĲӶ˵¶Сϻػи˲֪ȥʲôˣһƨܻôĸ͵үүĿӣүүϸȥʺ𣿡
Цǰϣ˳Ŀŵȥ׷ƨɣеĴŭܣһܣ׷˾͸ˣеļܲ͵תץסܵ˵һȦ򣬳ǲʱȥȭͷʹͼץͷɣּˡΧߺ¶ע˴꣬ǰܸߵòӰĶͽ
ûӣ֪ĽľǲҲ˸ǣһټʮ˻༸ٸ˶ģΪ˰ҹȥ⣬Ǿϲ͵˻ȥҽҫⵣ˶٣˶ٱǮȵȡ
˴˵˶ĸӵˡ
֪ǴٴˣǾͲˡ֪ͷӴ˲ٺЦָǰͷĽ˵ǽ٣ǵͷӣ
˵ģÿ춼ӡ·ϾͿԶһ˸߲ŵͽܹһܻһкˣˣ
Ȼ㼯Уڶβ˶šȽ˲Ŵҡڵĳһ¿ˮһ˵֪Ҫ˲Ŵ͵͵ˡ
ֻЦЩ˾Ͳ޵ƾʲôҪǲҪǰϻȥɽǿû˰ҲᵶǸɵİû˼ľҲհôҪǲҪأ
˻ǵЦ
ԽԽˣ˿ˮ
˲ᱻ˷ְɣ֪ɣ
ǰҹΧ˶˯ˣȥǣһͷ¿ˣܳȥһɽˣطЩӦ¿ˣ׼¿ܣһͷʮټϲʶʮ˶ˡ
ˡ
Ҳ㶣ҪǸܰΪһģЩ˸ʲô
һﲻסʣȥĶ
˷ȥɣ
ȥĶ
ȥɣɱˣ
һǸͷӣ
࿴Լϲһŵ
ЩҲЩԾԾԣҲǺӣʱ俴ǡ⡱ȡʣ࣬ȥ𣿡
ࣺ𣿡
£
ɶ
ǲ񣡡
Ϲ˵ȥֵܶˡǽˣǿɲܸĨڣ
תֳߣһ㶣ϽһȺڻҰϵһСȺϣãȻᶨǰߡ
ż⵶룬ϵıסˣǼµʹͼµľ
һ裬ժ¥ͥǰȫѪˡ
ڵУʮŸȥˡ˵ʵֶǵãֻǾ졣
֮ǰЩŮ಼ܶεױǻؼ磬ڼﲻҪˡһİǶһ
ЩʻŮӱץʱϲȣֱһڵ¡
Ѳ˵ǰΪβһͥǰĶͷʬȵѵΪЩ˲źȲȥ𣿡
ժ¥пһˣ죬ֻһЩˮδ
ֲģֲЩϤֳǰ
ֻܸԼ뿪˸࣬ӳȥ˸࣬ЩŮֻΪסýŻᱻץЩ˶ûץ
ôصѪζȵ£ҺȲ¡˵
ҡͷֱ˿̣ϻûб顣滳ǲֻҰѽץǰɱˣŻб飿
Цˣɱ˽䣿ɱ
ֻ棬ǽԪͷ治Сɱ䣬ء
ѱµĲˣµһֻΪŲ㣬ҲͥѪȲʣΪβң񶼲ϼңҲܻôΣֺϧһ䣿
һ֣ˣ˵ǰΪˣֻǰɱˣȴһָͷҶ
ɫˣЦ˵ӣҸģ᲻ó֣ԱǰϷˡվ׼ˮʳ°ָԱʬǰʣµЩŮŵû겻壬ǽ̺ҡ
Ŀ
ȻŲס͸İ취һ㶼ÿūȺðŽһҾصȥɣ׼ˮȷ
⼸ºŽգu͹㶼ûūȻҲӰڳ˵Ѿ
˲Ὢūת첽ºȥ
ūѻŵĹŮͽժ¥ٰǰͥʬߣţҲ˶¥ǰ¿ЩˮмˮϴǰͥǰѪ
ˡͷһתȥЩϤױɵʬ屻ߣûˣ
ūֶģ㵱սԪû£첻֪¡¶ٶҲóˡ
ūһߵܽĵطսĲǴĺӣ
ǡ˵ҸѾԽԽˡȻԭԭǻ괩֪ҲҪˡ
ūµĴͷȷʵʹһҲ񡣡Ҳ񽪼ˣϥǰ㸸ĸ˭⼸첻ֹu͹Ҳ˼⡣ԭʵڲյˣ㣬Ԫ°ΪŮʱӦûСu˵ǰ³Զ˵˵һ
Ӧѧģز绰ҡͷôСҲ˶٣ĴϻӦ丸ĸԴ̶ôһӣ丸ĸֻº޲ܶԴʳƤôãĸһ˿ģһǳ䰮
ҲܸĸͲu
ϸбͣ丸ĸײٳϸ񡣾㸸ĸˣ汲أеأһһʳҡͷֻ̾һ׮¡
ūһʼΪǸҰŮӵĺӣڷǴĹ⣬пһġʱЦڡ˱ùΣܵʲôã
ūһˣҲûԪôˡ
ԺЩŮŶ߶µ˵¥ʲôҲûˣ˰죬ҲҲףʲôûˡ
һЩˮ
ûв񡭡
ָŵеĳľܣ˰ɡ
ŮһҶ֡
߹ȥľƵЩľȫνṹץסԱߵͭһҾˣҵһԱ߾ʹûһŮһֻͭһºݺţҧᡣ
ҲˣһŮӹϵͭ˵ȥɣǻġ
ЩŮĿʼ취ˡ
һ˵ˮպ˿Ժȣ˾Ͳˡ
ܲܳȥ򡭡
ܲаɡǰѹǮˡ
ֻǿæеĶվʲôԸ
ԡ𣿡
ҡҡͷС˵ɻĸǿԳԵģǿ
һŮ˵ڣ
ҡͷϿ壬˴󲿷ֶҹä֢ҲͽЩɹ˻µĲһ¡
С˵
һͰ˸Ůһſڶ¥˴˷ĶжͭԶǾͭʣµŮ·Ǳˮȥźǲ֪ʲô˵ڸ£źɸͣţС۴ϸ
ˮܱǱżڵĹźܻʱ˶Ц
𣿡˷ܵø
ϴɾ
¥ˮۣϴɾȻƤϸȷʵźųԻܺŮͭͭ˺ܶ࣬ĳһ١ϣʵں£ס˶¥
ȴ˯⣬
ں𣿡һŮ߹Ű븱ᣣ¥Ѿûбˣ̸ǵȫᣡ
ڽϣ§ס˵Ҫ£Ǻһ𡣡
ۿȵģʲô


182 
֮Ѿˡ
죬ûг֡
u͹㵱ȻȥҴԴӷ֮Ҳټˣû¶ڣȻ첻ˣʼĩˣǹ¾Ҳסˡ
һҪ֪ƭг񣿰գǼٵģˣ
ܰȵϣܽӹǧٿ׵ĵ³ڻңΪ³˶
ԭһ̾³ڻңǲӶѹҲܰȥǲǲǿԹԷףΪ
ԪʵҲܻƣĿǰ¶ܡԷ뽯ңȨҲ롢ңΪ¾ϣ㲻ˣҲԵһ㡣
ԪҲԽܡοҰСӣϵ˻һ򣬱ɱ񽫣˵ǽȴ˵Ĺ˽´ҶµЦ
⣬˼һã͵͵ûд˵ݣûдɽҰ֮˵ʿû̫ؾټе֮ˡ
ΪʲôҪĴأţǺܺ
ͳ˴ġơ֮
һЩɫ˵֮¡ԺҲûйŮû˵˾ϣҲûаѷŮӶȥֻһ͵͵ġ
Ƕô˰
ܴЩû˵ժǹ֮ݳޡᡢԵȴ𱸹ٰ谮
˵Ǹĸء
֣ڴλΪ³˽ֵǴ
ڴʱ֪һŮƭе³ˣƭˣ³պкĿԳ³ˣ´Ӵ֮󣬳Գ޹мң޹޼ҵ³ָúȥδӣ
򵥵İ취ȻٹʧͷuһвǸٹĴǴٹˣҲʧ˰ѱʱһٺӳ˭ұ֤һĲǹأһε³أ
ôһǸɱСǲǴĹⶼȷˡ
Ͼ˵ǸŮǱߵꡣ
㻳ɵĿתuϣ˶һۣЩȻ
ϸ룬ŮҲֹǸŮһǰˣڵ󣬵Ľˣݸ߹Ů˶ûлУôһŮ˺ӣвŮ֮£빬ŮŮ֮ҲʱзֻǹŮŮῴϴۡ
ǸŮأ
ʣɣ˵лŮǷŮ
u֪˵ʲôûֲϵóÿһ
ͷǲ̫ǰһϣ
壿uԥ塭֪ϲϡ
͵ﵽл͵ǸСӵŮˡʣΪʲôҪȥ
uǻǸСӲǴ
СӵѶΪ֪u͹ΪСӹϼĲˣĸݲߣҲ̫⡣
ڵĵǴƷ֪ʲôϹǶÿһ仰ˡ
磬˵˵ǾǣǺα⣿
Ŀɿڴ
uĪһʱͷˡ
Լˣһ㣬ƵȻѣͷʵҲôġҵ³ԼĶӣ˭͸˭˭ΪӾ˭ΪӡЦһ£˵Ҳ뱻ڹ
ŮŽ࣬Ŵη彯֮ơǴסһ𣬻η彯ҵԭҲвںĿܡĻŮµĺĻǴ
ͷͬ㣬Ҿȥһɡ
Ĭǰյɹ̫գůĸοеĿԷɵĵطǰһ⣬ﶼȥʳˮһŮŮڷСӱߺ󣬴ҲĬҲ뿪ˡ
ǵÿһηˮ
ĬңŸһǽһߵܣסŮŵĶӡһúܴ˰ɣúְɣһкܶ˰һкܶΧߣȰĸݺŮһסĹȼŸŵΧɴҷأһ˿ҳҲ䲻ϣ˿ᱡɴ£ɾȪˮԡ
һһڳġʱҲסƯĴ󹬵ǺͰһ˷̣Щˣ̾ܽʱ³֮ĸ̫
ĬͷٺЦͻȻһӰΪǸŮЦ̧ͷҶˡ
ǰˡڿĬһ𣬾һͭ͵ôͷһת
Ĭ˵ǰĬ

Ĭ͹ڵأúúõģɪɪ
ôתͷ˿ƺ֪Լ
ˣǳл
Сӵĸġ
Сӡ˵
Ĭŵֱս졣
˲ƽߵĬԱߵĵ棬Ĭ¸˵ôڴߵģʱô£
Ĭһһʮȫ˵ˡ
ϣˣ˯ǵĶӳ˹Ĺ˲Ļ𺣡
ࣿʧڼʵĸڰйһУÿ춼Ҫϰһ顣ױ̨ϵһֻһ֬һҵģʲôӣʲôʲôơϲǰƥ᲻꣬һֱٲһȹӡ
֣ȫǵãա
ڰӳѾ˰裬ʱѾ벻ˡھѺʹޣȻԼĺӳʲôӣǸôĵĸװ
ôˣʣΪʲôްӣǲһҪ𣿡
ֱֱʣһֱǿӲŮӿԱӡ
Ĭͷ˵Ϊðȥ̴
Ŷ಻Ը⡭ͷ
ֱ죬֪Ůôġ
һҪ¾һֱҷɵһ
תͷĬ΢ЦԸ̴𣿡
Ĭ˸£ĵ⡣̧ͷȴů˵£ҿ㣬񿴵һ
Ĭһ㣬ӡ
һЦתڲӣʰĬǲǵʱûгĬҡͷ˵ǵǰǸ󽫾ȥɽˣҵʱԲ˿࣬ŮˣˣҪֻܼ޸˵ţ˵ǰ˵ǰӵŮͰҴˡ
ȥ˭
Ĭҡҡͷ֪
û¡תͷסĵطֻһװˮչޣһľ֧űߣûдһѲݣ˯ĺۼ
ֻһˣ
ĬͷҡͷиŮͳԵġЩʧĵͷ컹û
ͳɰǿ顣Ĭӹϲͳǿպؿһһ⵶Ͳ˽
ȷ󣬿Ƿʹˣƿؿڴŵܵ˳ϡ
ŮʱѾˡ
ȥûu׷ʡuվڷԺӵǰҽȥǰü˵һ˯ˣ²˵ɡ
uֻûȥˡ
ˮȥϵķϴɾѪۡ
˭ʡ
һǰŮͽȥġ˵
Ϊʲôɱ龪ȵʡ
Ȼ˵ӺͰǶˣŸʲô
ͷǶŻôõģ
ӡ¸ѵĴСӾġ
ˣдĺӣ
ԡЦˣһΪ˵ǼٵģӵǸŮݡû뵽ȻǼˡ
˲ŭӿġΪʲô߰ӺͰǣô
Ȼ̫ˣҲôġӣͲˡ
ȻǸŮƾʲôţ
ǸĺӣƾʲôţѵҵŮĺӣҪ䵽Ů˵ȥ


183 
Ĭ˵£u͹֪Ϊ˴ӳлӳʬ塣ϣҲûˣûܸǸСӵǲǴĹ⣬ǲڼ̹֮ȻѪѣƭˡ
ɱĬпǷҲпСһռûռ׷Ҳ޼¡
̾һԵŽյŷuص˵ܴô˵͵СӲǴĹɡûлҪ
uҲ˼ֻһҪȰ
һֱϼǣӦûɱΪɱСӣΪ̹
ǱôףԼȥġЦռʱ˵ƭˣ鷳˾Ͱɱһ˰ˣ
Ϊ˾ٹҲҪ
˵꿴uȻڷĵɣʲô£
u̧ͷֵ¡̾˿ĺ߰ɡ
uҲҲɼңҲ׷ʣһǰ£ݣҲֱ
ͼ
u
ĺ

ͼ
ͼ
ĺһԪˣĻֶĿѡһסһʯͷһ㲻ʹ
ŭūϽҲԶߵ˲ŭŭ
Ԫһˤشָŵ⣬ȥ졢ǣ
ūͷһ۵ţҡͷС
Ԫһϻӣû׼׼ͷūԶˤڵˤ롣ūһۣԭװϻƥΪԪڴʱʱϻӱù⻬ޱȡ
ⱾǸϻϣܴɵ
ūЦȻԭߵϢŭ
ԪҸĹͷu֪ˡΨһϣɽˣһֱû֡
˵Ҫūڷ֣֮ܶ̾ͽյţ˶Զ̣ȥ˲θã˼˲֮ȻЧ
ԪϣʱģɼͻԼãȵѾϣˡ
ͷu˷֮ôأ˿ĳֻڴϣԺҪ˷̣̫ʱ˻Ĵ̧ȥɹ̫еŮΪºӣ


Ҫ䵽Ǹز
һһ
Ԫ촽᲻ŵ˶̶̼úܹôͳأ
첻첻
ūһֱ棬һҲż
ѾʮˣͷuĵȥҪЭġ
ˣͱñȥݻ̫ܵͣ˾ǿuµ񣬴ɱ˹ɱ֪ˣɱǣҪסˡ
ҶһֻݵС
ūûпֻ
ҶȥΪˡ
ūĸĿڣɥҡ
кβңԪ۾СʷͲ±ʷ㡣
ū͸мᣬڵļͷּϥйȥסԪ֣ˮһεδϡ
Ԫ屳ūʲôӣ˴ģǹµʷˣȥ¼ˣ͵ֻ´ûжŮԵˣҪǱУԽǳ֮£Ϥˡ
ūʣǹ
Ԫɫ˲ˡ
ūзЦȴֵȰǧٶŭˣֻǹԲɱתӣȥ˵ٲɵɱڱ𴦾ͺˣ͵޹ˡ
ԪֲԾĶūס֣ϸǵİŮ˲֪˲ΪСӵɱ˹Ϊ㹫ŰɱСӣԲĹ
Ԫһ
ū״ЦȻҪպ棬˶ֵˡ죬˵磬֪Ҫɱֻܻ̾ˣ
Ԫü̫ţūĻеҰһ
𣿡᲻һеĸףֻģ
᲻ᣬԲ֪ˣūЦֻǧҪҪֻ̫̫顣
Ԫֱ۾һǰвֹй£н
ū˵ԣβô˻ᣬôֻеأ
ͼ
u͹վڵǰúҪðˣūӻһͷϹˣ󻹸ˡ
λλ벻ҪپŴˡūһשɫ£ɫڷȫͷһ𣬽ɫ˿˸򱦽ᣬࡣһϻö״壬Ҳͷδһɵŵ˳Ʈ˹
㡣
һɾ
ԹͷuҲٱ΢ֱǡ
ūۣЦһҾҪؽӸˡ
ūüĿ¶һ˿̬֮˵ĻҲܲĵ֣λѵΪ˳֮𣿡
uɫǵĴһ档
ūһۣλǲ뿪ˡʩһ񣬡Ǿλɡ
󣬿ǰһû뵽ʷȻסôĵط
Ǹӣֻ˲Żסֵطխһխšֻһ齣һ䣬ʲôûС
ɲĽʷ
㽯ʱҲסӣͲŽºҲһͽһķҪЩɣסΨһĺôǴǱߵĶһ
ĿūһۣСˣʷ֮жҲǸС˰ˡ
ū֪ͷuΪһʷͿˣЩʲôɶҵģһҲ˵ġ
Ӧɱˡ˵
ͷuһ㶣Ŀľ㻹úóһû뵽涼ûͲɱˣ
ūۣļӻǿɶĺܣ
Ǵδùuʡ
ūƬ̣̾ʵ͸˴ģ
Ҳô̷ʹڴǰô˵ģڶūܲ˵ˣ˾٣
ūЦˣôʱȴЦͷuܲرǸղߵĹ㣬ԼЦˡ
ū㣺ںδ
㣺ǿ֮ŮŮкβɣǴôᱻأȥˣҲ̫ƤˡӦʡպŲٷ´
ūĵͷԭĺôġ
uĿū϶ûģһڴǰ˵ĻСˣɲ
ūЩǹȥˡҲԼдԴʡ¡¶иλˡվ롢˸
u͹㶼ЩԾûӦ˴
ūֻ̾ǡȻ޹
˵ūһֻ˵ĺĪȷʵӦ²ɱҲټ
uˣʣ뽫͵δ
ֺϣ¡
ūЦſ˹һۣû뵽ô棬ҡͷ͹ȥɳǡ
uһӱˣɳǣ
ɳǣǴ֮ʵ֮ء֮ʱǰѽʡٵĽԪ͵ɳǡ
ֺκڣȻƶ񤣬ƽ͡
ɳȴڣһء
ѹ͵ɳǣȻҡ곯ѽ͹ȥһȻŽʷȻŹϣɳǡһ
ͷuˣɫصĿū
ūЦɳҲǴסĵطѹ͵ǶԹĴȰ벻֮ġ
ЦȻȰ
ڶʮ飬Ȼûҵ༸ˡ
Щǰģû˼ʱ˵ȴڳǰЩΪ׵Ǹʶģμȴһŭ⣬ʲô˵Ǻͬе˵
˼⣬ȻǽģǾɡ
պÿ춼ѲʱǣǳԿûϵʵڲˣû˸۸ǡֻǶһߺ޵ӣʲô˵ʲôӦҲ޿κΡ
ڽ£Ҳ֪Ӻ𡣲Ǿø׽
һΣʱ󷹣ЪŵĵطһӣЩи˾ͺԷɣõģ
·ʱǸ󷹣ǳЩɱˣˮԴҲֱֻӺȣϢʱǾ˯һ˷ʱˢأ
ʱΧ˵ߡ
״ֻȻЩ˾͸ˣʱˣǴһܾ˽ġ
Ȼһ˾ΪⷹǸģȫ߿ˡ
ҲֻͨΧɵҰˣο飬ѾǺѵõˡ˺ü룬Ӷˡ
ڲݵϣ۾һоˣһ࣬Ҳ
һʼû˵
˵ڹﻹ𣿡
಻ڣŲݹ
ֻԼ˵ӦǵҲŽġҵ˱̫ˣҪߵԶһ㣬ܼ궼ܻȥˡٱߡ
ô˵ġ
Ҳ˿ôˡ
Ժ󲻻ٸǮˡ
ʳҪԼˡһһҲûʲôá
ȥʱСģٰߵ˷ֳɼӣʹôˣȥҲãʲôУߵ뿪㡣
ô࡭αߵ˶һɣʱٻӦþˡ
õңڹǲµġ
ǵ˵Ժˡ
н𲻰
˼죬ȥļʮ˴Ҵһˣˣһͺ

ˣ
˹ڽǰɪɪһһʮ˵
˵ɱСӡ
ǴǸ
ǸŮġ

˵Ҫɱ˹һЦϹ˵ôɱЦ̧ͷ
˶Ӳˣ
˵ʲô
׶ɱˣ
ɱ˭
Ǹӣ
ôء
ҡҡͷĲֹµ
ܡġ
֪ˣҪɱ׶
УҪȥ˵ҪֳܣеҲܣеܵǰȥ
ܻȥ
ôܲȥҪȥȹ
Ҳȥ
ҰһɢɳĶˣ׷ǰһӰþȫ


184 
һȺժ¥˶˳
ūȵķֳǼµĹŮ֮⣬ֶ˼лˣǾʧȴסмĽ
ڿҲֻ࣬óì˸ųӲק
վͥǰūĴһˡ
δϲӡ˵
ֲ̫׷壬ūܾ˵ǡ
ٲǰֻڵ
ǳǳһҾֱǰɳǣҳȥɡ
ɳǡ
û뵽Ȼֻǰߡ
˵ʵԼժ¥ǼѾʮֻ̣ǰߣ
߸ţûӦ߻סĹŮѾ̲סˣ
أأѵйȥɳǣ
Ŷء
ūЦһ£߰ɣôٸı⡣
ߵĹŮһ£Ц˵߰ɣûʲô
ߵ˵һǿӣı֮ǰԤҪõöࡣ
һѺšһοԼĽ߳˹ţ·ĸ̨ҲĸԶĽºҲԵøߴΡˣڵɫУɽ⡣
𣿡ʡ
ūһ£ͷЦ˵ܺá
ºǰįû˽𣿡ժ¥ǰúºĹŽգһ춼ûд򿪣û
ū̾żãΪģѾòˡ
ŶСЦˣūͷ˽һ֪һЦ
ΧЩ㶡û뵽ʷ˺͹˿ϵǱҲΪĲҪˣô۰ڿ϶ҲֻϷѡ
ֻ˵ϲСӵĿͰСɱˡ
ǿмһеĹһҲȻɱԼĵܵܡЩ軵Ĺʲô֡
ūŲ
˵֣Ϊյž겻ˡ
ǰ֣󶼲ֻˡūЦ˵ȥء
ͨ󣬴ػ³ɣʡ
ūתͷЦ˵ɽԵݣ֣Ե֪ûԵأ
ûԵͷˡ
˵ɹɹеҲ٣֪ɹûԵˣ
ʾôˣūӦòʧ
ū̲סЦ⣬ԽԽùǸ˼ˣ˻гɳǻȥպػȡ
Ҫھͳ
ŵʱͷ
أñɡ
䵽Уǲܻŵɳˡ
Ҳˣһ˵ģʣµĶ
ǰվһˣ
ȥɳ𣿡ʡ
ǡūѹ״ƹĵѵǧСģݶǰֻ̣Ҫˡ
վס̲סʣСһ빫󡣡
Ϊƽƣ
´˾ӦþǲˣΪʲôݺƣ˵ƣŹǾ̫Цˣ
ֱ˹ȥ
ūַʧһЦתȥˡ
ˣҲҪˡ
ǰĽºôߴ
һ߽
ǳʩһָԵĳ˵ϳɣȥɳǡ
͡Цһ£ߵĹŮϳ
Ϊʲôƽ
ȻΪԼ͵ȥһ˸Ȼ
ҽǽº롢ҰĵһңıĹͷu˺ܶѡһҲбʵѡˡ
Ԫз롢ҵĻͻսȶΪϣᵣͬһ˽ڱͱԪλԽԽˡ
ýԪλͱߵ˶ȨСǲиʱɳҲȫ
ڵʱˣĿˡ
Ȼûɡ
ڳϣŮסõĳû棬ʲôûУҲҺż߰˸Ů
⼸һֱȰǻؼҼˣǶԸ⣬Ƕ
Ϊʲô𾪼ˡ
ôܰѹһ£Ů𾪣һӣڸһ˼£ˣǾ͸˼ˡ
ǰǸ㣬㣬ˣٻ˰һģ಻ʮĹŮ˵
ʲô˵һдĸо
ҲµġɰͰ͵˵ֻһʱҵôġǻؼҾˡ
ŮǾ͸ˣǾͺã
ȴ˾ͺˣ
û취˵Щˣ죬Ȼ͵͵ﵽժǹǾȻ˵ժǹºģ˾Ͷˡ
û̺ҿ˰ɣƹ˷ܵ˵
Χһŵ׾ƿԣƹ㲻״Ϊûʲô˵ģҲвȴȻġ
ǳлˡ
ԭ̺󽯺ʱΪ󽯺СһֱýỤ̊ӲЩ˽Ƕڴ󽯺
ǰʮ߸ˣȫǳлˡ
ǣҵĸԸġͷһƽ˵
֪ʲô𣿡֪Щ˲ûʲô㲻֪ʵ飬Ҳܿ鲻ԡ֪ںǣ޲ʳƤ𣿡ǣЩЩûʵӲȥעԶʳĶ˭϶¥˵µˣδȫǵס
صлǲ˺ǵġȥѡĳ˵ЩŮҪƭţЩôҲɵѱ˭ס˭ߵý˭ͻᵹù
뽪ǳȥǲһ˳
ֻҲܹˡųһأӱһء
ʬĻȥ𣿡Ǹ˵
ˡ
˵ĳţԱȴͣڳлнŮʮΣԸһ£ֻܻ죡
ǰÿһ˶һ飬Ƕһ
ԸԲͶشȫһȥ
ҡҲǡۿˣ͵˵֪òö˵ǽԪ֮ŮûнѪͳ
̧ͷЦժ֮ɲǴģ⡣ҵȻҲǴ֮Ůժǹ

ز˵ʲô̫԰ˡ
˵ҪĳΪհɣ빫
ʼΣ˵ȻҪһΪʼǾͽǰĶ°ɡ
סˣֻֻǲ޼ֵ͵֡ʼ֮
ȰסЩˣֻȥЩŮ˵ʵˣɱСӣҪɱڲɱԺҲɱǲǲǸϽȥġ
ŮɱСӺȫ
ΪɱһŮʣǼǸСӵģʱôСðװֵģӦǺϲģôͻȻɱأ
ҹ޵˯ţҾɱ
Ůһ󾪺
ԶʼŻЩŮúЦǶʲôʲô취Ǿֱ棬ܣԹŮҲһȴԼһˣùŮ᲻˱ܡ
ʴȡһ߹һѸղļ㣬һѾȥźˣҲ硣
˵ɱСӡʼǸ˵
˵ŰҡͷҾòᡣ
أʼģ㻹Ը𣿡
ľ˵Ը⡣ɱֲҵܵܣΪʲôԸ⣿ʼοڽһֲǵһ׮塢иĸֵܽûɱɱȥǺ
˵ǽŮʼ˵
ǲãɱĲԼĵܸܵûˡһ˰һľˣʼ㻹ʲôҪ˵
ǲҲҪʼûʡ
˳˼ͷҲá˵ҽиʲôã
ˡʼһۣľͷƬˡ
󣬡ҪҴУ㿴ǿʼⲻһֵܣ
ŮǶһ󣬾Ͱ¸Ժˡźȣͷ˯

Ⱥ˵Ĵûеޣ
֮ûгɹһˡԽū˳ʱǰΧסĳϺͺĳϲŻˡ
Ĳٱκһˡ
㿴ǳˡĹŮЦǺǵģɼˣ⣬ܵñȸղŸһƬ̲ĻҰ
ڹŮĻģܵ۵ģһ㶼õߡ
ڵĹŮߴߴģ̸ЦǲУȥΡ
ۡ
ʱӰӳǰӹ
Ѿʷȴ
Ǹ꣬ûġ
Ϳʲôɡ


185 
ҡҡλεŲ֪ĵطʻȥ
뿪ֳǲʮҲˣĿǴƬƬĻҰֵĩĳľïʢߵò죬ŮǾ³һЩ׷ǰѻ˩ڴϣ㡢͵ǡ
ͷҲǴ˻֪ģҲݣǰڲ
ôһ죬·ûͣҲûиʳˮȴûŶӣΪŮ³ʱҲһЩܳԵҰˣ۵úܣҲܸɾ֮ǰѿСϪϴһϴԣùֱӳˣж֤ʵϴҲԵȥ
ŮǺܸˣƹû˵ʵ˲ϴأϴ˾ûôˣ
һƬӦ֮ǣ
ֻժ¥Ҫ˶ϴɾĲˣǰҪϴֵȵȷĹأѵԹˣ
ۺ𣡸һŮһͰѶڻһϵġġĻγе֦ĻȻͿԷˡ
Ů˶׷
ǱߣҲ˺öأǸŮָŲԶ˵һʱŮȥˣڴڿЩŮȥҲûȥ
Ҳ֪ĿֻЩŮ˾ˡ֮ǰЩŮвȴǵġֵмһˡ
̶̼תˣ̡
սȨԼֻǱһС⣬ԲⶼСԪ϶ģɳǾѡķĹֳ˳ɱܾ͹㡢uԼˡ
ԣʵҪġ
һʼ֪ȫڱ׸ܻԼþȡʲôֻǰѾһжźˡ
ֻǡ
Ѿƴ׷ĹŮǡ
ˣǻܻ
ЩŮӣһİŸǶ˵ԸΪഺôˣҲ̫ϧˡ
ٿΪˡ
뵽ǵİ취֮ǰ
ƿ⼸Ůһһİųģÿ϶ŨĻ㣬Ƕ˺ܶ໨İѻѵϡ
ԣˣǰڼϲˣʱһһ춼˻ؼңȥһȥʱأһŮһġ֦ġ
ǵСӢӢ
ӢӢҲԡҲݸһ䡣
ӢӢ˲ߺ˫Ŀ
ƹ÷޷޵Ϊʲôң
ƹҲ԰ɡƹòɵĻȫץȫץˣӻһ
ʣµĹŮҲ۾ĿЩɬЩڴ
Ϊժ¥ʱǽ̸ʱЩŮֻժ¥ĹͣҪ׼üױǳ˴˵ĸԽǳԽãҪʱ᲻á
֪ӱȥʶǣǵֶⲻȥУûһ˰̡ˣࡣ
ǸһֱĹŮӸߣƤס
١ǸԲԲŮӣӦúСʮʮ
档һһЦ¶Ůӡ

һǵ֣Ƕ
ҪҵĻʲôҪ˵
ᶨĵͷ˵ǵģ
Ҳβ˵õģ
һ
ģ
ûͣ¹ҹҹҲڸ·
ĹŮǶ˯ˡڰ۾û˿˯⡣˯Ϊ·
֮⣬ǵʱû֪һڽºʲô϶ҲǸܡ
ԽôŸ·϶ǵ
䲻ܣ֪Ϣ˸ţҲ϶׷ҪֳǣȥԪ
֮󣬽Ԫܲɽҳϡ²ܣһԪӴ˽䣬ֺˡԱ˵ȻǺܿɱģԪôԽ䣬㵱ʱˣڷĹҲЦġ
ڶֿܾǽԪѽлȥҪôӴȨԽһѽҲһҪôڽǰڮ
⽪Ԫ˵ĻֻǡϾ˶ȨȻľηԪѹ˻ã鶯ˣֻ¾ͺٱֶԽԪľˡ
Ϊ˲ýܽԪӰ죬⼸ķֳ֮⣬ٻ̨Ԫżһнū˽֣ýû񽪱һöԽԪҳϡ
ҲɵоԽԪĵ⣬޷ȰһӽԪŻһֱǿ֮ߣߵԶԶģҲȥЩˡ
뵽һ΢΢Ĵʹ
ʱ֪ȥᷢʲô˻ΪֿܵһΣΣȴһֱֿȥһѡԴңҲ԰ѶĲˡ
ܹ
ֻһˣڳ֮ǶǴ³֮ݵĴԪֻǴµһżֻʱŴֵĿܡû˹ǸʲôˡǲʶҲᰮ̨ĹǲʲôҲֻҪһѡ
ǲȥȥеģӲ¡ֻܳܡ
Ѵһͨˣ治Ŷԡ
һֱ΢Ż˯һҹȷʵпӽӣȻǰȻȥںͱϵ
ò²мֵġժǹ˶Ǯ˭أ
ӣϴɡһһֻˮݸӹմʪֽĨһѣĨֽʱڵղЬסԽɳǣɳԽ󣬲ԽԽ٣¶ĵԽԽ࣬·ҲԽԽߡİֽӵϣʣµˮһˮӸߣ
Ӻܿʻһ·˴죬һ˲ǣһƥɫ߹㽡ᣬϵɫ˵˵ƲƣѿͣŲӣȴûȥǣˣȥ񷴿
ǣͷ޳һһţȫǳȴɲС
Ĳӣܣһܾˡ̫ҲǸ⣬ڽҲ⣬ǣǸһūͰ͵ˡҺСʶûϸߣһ뿪־̨ܣǧŰġ

ʲôˣͶأ
һˣ·ʲôϸ
߼ӵϼһֽһȻнҼһաǸӡߵģһֱţǸһΣƸȦ׷
򡭡
ɳǣԶߣ̫ڻ䣬ƻˡ
ƥȥ׷˵߰ɣǴǱߣϵǰȥӲǵתͷܣ߱ıģ˦ȥ
ƣԹ˼ƵĶԹǰȥǲ޵Ĵ˼ǡ
Цãֺõü¡
ͣˡ
ڸ·֮󣬳Ȼͣˡ
ƿӣУƺͣһ⡣мļΧסԶ׼ǻֻ޳̶ӡˡյȣǶ˿Һ棬ԶԶıܿˡ
ҹɫ˴ӳлˣʱŴŻرյĳٴιڼž
˲ʮĲϸ
ƺĳУͣˡ
Ҳ£һٴζҲں棬뿪ǣڵҹﱼۡ
һҹ糿ʱ¶ˮͣˣţʮгصĳ뿪ˡݲǴԼãǸ׼ģ
ֶˣųֱ棬ȴЩƺֻмںˡ
ÿһ죬صĳø١гˣǲԿˣÿһܳһܳٽٽĲʮƥʮˣҲĿǰеˡ
ȻµĲõġ
һ죬صĳʧˣֻʣ˿ճҪɢܵ
ϣһۣ׼³ȥͰһʱ˵ǶȥȻȥʼȫȥ
һ㶣
˵Ҫġ˵
ǳɵĵͷ
ȥԺ󣬳ҽǹȻֻڳϡ˵⻰ҲʼǣҲ
ͷʲôֲңѯʵͳͳӶŤͷȥǡգǶȥˡ
Ƕ뿪󣬽СĴӳ϶￴һʼǵĳʼǣƺ˵ʲô⳵ϿһۣסˡҲ˳ţ˿
һһҹƣȴڽӿٶȡ
⼸ıóˣһ죬ʲôҲɣڳԶЩùˣҲճԲ
ӳŵܣڳϣš˾Ϳϧˡ
Ȼ˸˻һֺеĶȹ˽ӽʱǻȦײܡѱõҲ᲻
ЩǸоӵĽӽŽġ
ǵĿĵˡ
ͣкüţ˴򿪳һۣȷ˻ԭء
ȻһЩĽŲһĽŲһˣǰȻȴĴݣƺЩȲǸľЩݣಽĸǰߡ
ժ¥ˣϲֱߵ⡣
ڳǰͣˣʱеá¡
Ȼűˣɫ̱ڳһѾıֳˣܵô죬ɫ֪Լеˣˡ
ͷͶԽһƣڵأôôԴ
ȻûϵᱻôԴǵ棡æӵ·ĳڵϹһȦǱˣҲμˣɫѵúܵãѲ¶һЦ
ЦǼ˲죿ȥ
һ°ͣԶ㣡
ͷָŽù㣡
˵㣡ӽһֻ翴ԭɫЬŽҹȥкףҵô׼Լû뵽
밤ңһ㶣ת̾ʵƤ̺°ɣ³
С
Ҳûã̽ץסٴ£ӱץסֽţ޷ҧҲץΣץץһֻСèһס
һӳͽס죬ٽС
һЦˣǳ͹ݣúϴһǰľȥ
˽һޣ֪ǶǶԸղĽ룬ֺܵ⣬Ƕ³ɡ
֪ϵ¡Ӳ˵˺ܶࡣȻϵܰ˽룬浽һ̣Щҵġ
ʼҪӳ˻ȥɹȥһۣҲ֪ûп
ΪǶҲûãֻ
ķˣֻҪһܰѳ𱨻
ô죿ʼ
Ůǲ֪ô£Ƕʶ룬ҲĶ񱡣Ȼ˹ӸǧУ
Ǽǲȥҡʹ˸ɫ
ʼҡͷűϲĽǡ޹ҴزΪ顣
ô죿ѵôţҧгݣʲôģ
ʼ⿴һۣһ취ȥһôȹҪúһ롣
ֻһ߾нٺ֣һ룬ǾҲвôˣȳ̸ףοôࡰ׸
ʼЩŮ
Ӧϲǵġ㲻ϲʱΪﻹǶ²ܣֻ¶С
̫ʴˡ
ӦǺΪѣʼȴһ߾ΪѣһЩɡ
Ҳûʲôãɡ


186 ҹ
ȻһׯҲʲôǰ֪ľݻǲĶ´ģΧĲݶˡ˵Ҳڳõġ⡱УһЩϵϷѧ֪ʶ˵Ǽϵǰ
ӪʱѡƽأĿ֮ɽӡľȡӪͷһǰӪڻΧڵĲȫˣС֦ʲôҲһɾȻӪһӪѡˮԴĵطҲɱפˮԴ
ǰƬĻĵȻûúܸɾܿķΧڣǰʮҵĵطľһϲ㣬ǸոǸλá
ʮ
Ҫôǽ˲࣬ҪôҲû졣
ǸСĶǺ룬ܡ齡磬ˡŵϣȻӰʱһץס֣ЦƤͽ㡣
ҵ˵̽ġݡܵʲôزġɶȡж١
룺·Ҳûиϴϰ࣬Ҵˣɡ
ǲˡ
Ӵ
Ҳǲܡ˽˭֪͵ɳǵĹһˡ߲ع꣬·Ͼš˽䣬˭ܹһġʬסҵɳʱʬסҲͻΪˡ
һСͯľ衢ˮֽԡõĶˣʹԼʮ£Ҳʮ꣬ͷûʼθߣôݰף۵ǵͷֻ̣ܶܿԺһС١ͷ̿Щ͵Ҳᳬꡣ
ȰЩǰĴ̧һľͰһͰͰˮע뵽ľͰ
ڡ
һжˣЩСͯԹԵվǰŽһ£˵빫ԡ
ҲһߣȤĿСͯ
Сͯƺţ͸־Ҳڶ
빫ԡ
빫ԡ
롭
һСͯᶼˣ̧ӲᣬӺ˰Ĵ۾ûп򽪼ǶŽ͸ȵɫ
õЩӶʲôЩӶûкһһϴԣ̵Ǹм
ڣҲֻ뿴һķӦ
ɫľȻЩСͯſҲû
֪ȥ˶ãһꡣ֣СͯǵĿȻֹŶվ߳ȥ
Ǻģܷ𣿡ʡ
ʱѾ˻ľһĶϷ죬СͯǴƺ
ǵĿ־УͲµûǾһܷ
һԽ࣬ЩСͯͻһΪܷЩСͯԶҲܵõǵģǻޱȾļ
Щͯòã𣿡°ֻ֪̾ϲֻ̣ͯǲԴֻ֮ҵЩӣպ˷ǣһΪѰͯһ⡣
̫Ҫݲؽ𣿡ʡ
ݲؽƵϲݣұػΪһݡڼнһժ¥Դݡ
̫شʱң̫شҲһƬġ˵
˫۷ҿһҾͷŭϲء
̫궼͵ժ¥ҼȻ֪̫ص⡣˵ֻʵڲ̫أ޷̫ء
ͷЦˣ֪òꡣЦָ˵ǵܵһ㣡
Ҳʵ׶Ǻ޵ӣֻܵͷ̫˵ǣòԶʤ̫أҲ൱
⻰˳ˣ
ĴǺϰ
صĺ
Ҳϲ㡣˵
ô˵Ͳ뿴ʡ
Ҳȥ㡣˵
һۣù˺͹Ů̡˵գ󲽳ȥˡ
һʼǱ˸˽ǶЩʧ룬ڿƽµĶʱˡ

û°ɣ
˹ҲҵĹǡǿڵԡĶ˵Ƿɡ
ͷʼҲѸغǰµȵأ󣬽ԡˡ
һСͯܵһߵ߸ߵżܵߣһҾԡˡ
뱧סһڣԹԣúãȥ⣬ҪˮҪԵĺȵģøɡ
СͯЩŤĴﻬһҾܳȥܵ棬̲ûȥϵĿˮöġĻ̫ؾͿܻĵ˵̫ضʲôǶҪˣ̫زŲǣǱӵͻġǽ̫ؼҺѾС粻ˣ˵̫ز˱ӳȥˣѾˡ
Сͯǿסĵ׵ľ⣬ܵ¶š
·ժǹĹ£˵Ů̧ͷ죬뿴ʲôġҹ߹һװܴһߵĻͺˡ
Բ뵹˱裬Σ
ԴӽЦһģԲû취ò׵ȵܰѹֻպȶϸֻǹɲϣأ֪Ůжֻƾһǻ޶Ūýȥɹֻ½͵Ȳҽˡ
˵Ĳԡ裬˵ͱһ
ν⣿Բ⣬ŵ˵ѵղŽȥˣ
ҡͷǡǡ෴˵ᰮңٺЦ
ʲôԲĿ
û֣̽ҡ֪ǰʲôʲôͦţһҹ˵֪ġ
Բ˿µľǹһ޽룬ƺǴýˣӦûĸԸˡ
ͺáԲ±˵ھͻȥժ¥Ĳðɡ
ֻժ¥ϣǵժ¥ֳǵһģһùס˳⡣Եͷȥɡ
Բͳˣǰȥݼһ¹ԥһִͷԹ˵ǵʱˣȻϲ˿һĻ
ԡ󣬽ҪʳҪ֣档Ȼÿһ͵ˡ
һֱû֡
ǳ԰ɡ˼죬ԲͲڻ˷ˡʼ˵
ʼŷò͵Ļᣬʾһ²ϵǱ
ǽ佣Ρֱ۳ʦģĽͬʱڵĽϵĻơĿխȶиԵص㡣
ʱ⽣ҲرĶ޻ĺòϣռ˾ͲˡʲôҲûأǰ
ڣΨһǰѳǹչһ£ڡ
ʼֱġ
ˡ
ʼ͸֮˸Ƭ̺ʧˡһһǱˡ
ܿϧҲܿЦǣôˣһȴֻŹܿࡣ¹һҲûûпǾҲܲˡ
ֻܿȫû
빬Ҳ˷Ҵ顣Ϊ֪ʲôûá޿ˡˣ롢⼸ҶѾˣһЩҪһЩ˾ͿԻǼֻǸպһⲻһ˿Ťתġ
ͬڣҲ˿ӷҲǷΪ˴áκ˶ŵܱȥ𵽸áҪǶš
Ҳԡݹ
ڿҡͷĳԲ¡ҴӸղϴԺ;öе㲻ЩѾʳҪˡ
ǴʹԲĻУϵľжϳǸʳҹˡҲϴɾˣҪطǣҲҪȰԵһ⡣
ϣͳףڶȥԼס
콥СͯҪʼǶȥ
ǵȻҪ̹ôأ
СͯŰǺǷ̣ǿ߰ɣ
һȺСӣǿɲ¡ǾҪЩСͯǻسȥҡ
һ㶣ٿСͯԥһ£û취ĵͷ˵ðɡתͶСͯ޷޵Ҫǹϲֲͯأ
Сͯ붮Ҳ°͡
ȥͬǾͳȥˡ
ʼȥǰŹϵĹͼһǰ˼ԽԽءȥġ
ϺĵĿʼʼʼıǸձ̨ʱһʱǻụ̂еĸոռĸ岮ͷ­һأе˵һ涼û૲Եĵᡣʼȴ汯ߣҪһͷβֱȥǰֻ˵仰
ʲôã
ԸԴ˶ʮ֪꣡ѧȻȫǹƨϲܾգ²ܾȸĸֵܡ
ȫǹƨ
ʼ
ʼС𣿡
𣿡
ūʱĽǡ
ǻʪ͸ȫࡣ˭Ҳû뵽ǴˮǱġˮ󣬾ͺܿ챻ˡץס͵ūūһϳǹߵꡣ
ûаֻŤס
˿ڿˮɵĵͷ£ǧҪɱң
ûмô
ūЦǻҹĶ𣿡
ԥ˵ҪˣǮǶˡ
ūʣôߵģ
һһʮ˵һߵģˡ
ıߵģ
û˵ɥֻ˵ǻؼҡǺܶǮʲôС
Ҳ硣
ūʣôֻˣ
תӣһر࣬رĺӣС˵Ƕˡһ˻̹ͺá
ūЦ˺ֹܶ࣬ЩһֱԸʲôʲôӲǽǰ֪Ҳ޷ǹϲʲôϲʲôϲ˭˭
ūͻȻʣΪʲôҪɱСӣ
ǵķӦǳһæϣôɱСӣô
ô˵ǲ֪
ūҲȷһΪ̫ܻɱСӣһ־ùڱǰ˵Сӵ䣬ҪôⱣ˭ҪôСˡ
ɱСӵأ
ǲʲôġȷʵļǺŴȴǵĲҪھǻк֡
ԲɱСҲãǲСҲãһΪ׼Сû˭
Ϊǽ䣬󣬽侪ʧؤһºʱ֪ˡ
Ѿǵһ̨Ƕûס
嵽ʱȴһĴ
Ҷ𣿶ڻˣԪƴȴˣֻһֻƴס䡣
ãȻĹܵġĽץסͷʹá͸˹µģڹµһ޹£Ȼ޹°
ȻǺ죬˲ֱòҰף
һֱµ£ڷˡ
һֱϣܲҪټǺ޴
һɱūģ
һֱ½Ĳ޻ᱻ֡
ǵȫϵڴϣ֮񽪼ô죿
ǴߣһߡԸߣ˵Ӳ
ø㡣
ϣ˳Žô޴
ڣһжˡ
䲻ϰ潪飬ֱѡƺ㲻Ҫõ
Ԫˣ䶼֪
أ
Ҳ
Ԫֺ£סϣؿš
Ҳ޹𣿺޹ûо𣿡Žӣǣ²֪д̿²֪
̿ͣ
Ǵ̿
ǽ˵
ū߳Լ·¶첲ʹϵ˺ۣҲһ޵㲻֪һֱд̿ɱ֪˻ᵣģһֱšˣסڽºסһ𡣡

ԭ
һտǣ֪Լںδ֪ʲôԺһƬհס
Ԫ䣬һֱúչǣھȪ֮Ҳܷˡ
ֻԼ۾Ҳӿһֶᡣ
ǹû뵽þȻһֱڼǺŹ¡Ԫʹ޵֪Լˣһ˰Ҳһֱһֱֲһա㲻Ҫ޹£Ҫ޹°
סԪ˵ﲻġҲᡭ


187 
ǱֳǣһʵںǿҲȷʵǡڻ·ΪûдԵģҲ࣬Ǿתȥһ׮⡣˵ҪȥȹѾһ׮ˣԾҲԵЩˣ˵Ƕ߰ɣҪٸˡ
һ󣬻ͷЩ˻š
ߣǲߡһ߲
ŵһǼɱˣɱɱţ࣬šŰתȦȻղһͱѪͻһˡ
ɱ˵ģûвġ
Ҳһ׷ˣŵõͷܵģҶֻˡ
ȺҲиͷģ˵ȡȹҲȥ˭˵ǲȥģ
ǣѰث
˭ȥ˭ͲǺ̳ģ
һȺ˺˼ΣϡͿİ˸ˡ
ȻǾ͵ֳǡ
ҪʲסˣʲС˵㲻и񽫾ϲűҰܣı
ָŸؤʡ
·ãͷϽɱһûϴƵġԱһЦ˵
ļٵģˣ༸߽Ⱥû뵽˾ȻҲû£Скȥȥȡ
Ŀɿڴ
ʲ˵ǳԶٶ£ͷȥҹҪˡ
ժǹĴȵΪʲôǳԷǮѵǸ
ģ˵廨š
е˵á
е˵ǹƣ
е˵ǽƭǮ
Ǹֹô°
ǳԺȹͷðҪǣʹЩڳܣɱһЩһЩץ˼
Ҫɱǰһ˵
˵ֽŶһ룬ģȻһҵģ
˻ЩӲͦŲ˼˵Ҳѻֱһȥʵڶһֱʵʱʳ
һۣͰҲɱˣʣµҲһȫˡ
˻ʣۣʲô˰ȴ֪ࣺôǽˣ
ʲôˣǸƨ۵СˣͿū˳ۣ֪ҲϲˡūΪʲô˶أ
࿴ǵģˣתͷһˮ˴ˮɾ͵ɾ·ϣٳȥȻû׷ˡ
ʣ׷Ĳǣ
࿴ǲϵʮˣָ˵׷ǣ
ʮ˵һ඼ŵҪܣüȭ˵׳ʿպ˵/պٱĴҵ·ˣ۽ʹ˱
వԽãЩϺȵĸ˦һ롣ʣµĴžʹŰɣǽʱҲ
Щ̨ڳת˼գѹеҹĳ͵ˣ˴ɱˡɱ֮ǰһ䣺֪֪Ķ
ҹǴۿҡͷ˵
ưͣ°Ϳ죬ͷͰѵܵϣ˵˵
һţǰѴ۵ͷŻˣæˣ˸ˣ¥ûˣ
ˣĵ۵Ĳнȥ֣˭ģߵģ
۶ɸǸǸˣ۵Ǹáüˣĺüˡ
һ죬ʵ˵壬ʶҲ֪ʲôӣ֪̫ˡ
Ҫɱ۽۾᲻ͣͻȻµ˵߰ɡڹϣҲɱ㡣
۲ŵ۾ģܣֻͨ£Źժ¥ķ˺üͷˡ
ӿڵϲͷϣ˶ҿ͹ȥʣǣȥҹ
ȥң
ͷҹա
Ҳ֪
ϣЩСͯͶվ棬ؾأ̧ͷҲ˵ҹɫȴûһڴ˯һ۾о
ֻһյƣƵĹ˸˸ʱʱ
ѵ
ôŲˡ̾˿µСͯҲȫվøֱˡ
ƹ磬Цڵ𣿡һ֣СͯǶȥˡڽ棬´ЦһΪܡ⣬Ŀʱܳǰ˨Χû˿ء
֪ĿȥԭǶ̽
汧ǸȫľݽᷢˣûǵġȻ֪ӲҲķѡ
ο˵ȻԳϣҲԹʲô빫ĵĸһطǰɣұ֤ڷǲܵκ˺֮£ʲôʲôһֳһڣ
˵Ѿժ¥¥еһжֳеһģһҲ׼˸䱦ƥ
ҲȴѾȥѰ࣬ʱ档
ƣȻƲӰƵĽѾ˺ƼΪԣ⵱ȻҲġ
ͯͻͯ
ˣŮȫκصˡ
ӣҲıͻ֣ҡ
ʲôҲصġ۽ִֻ֣ҪҵĻ˳ңҾӵһС
ɱмַأ
ʱ롣
ȱʱǿֲһ㡣
ƫƫȱ
ûǹûһѿһЩĵ򽣡ΨһԱģһ֦ľǧټġľۣƺҲӲĺôͣľͷѺľҲɶ˺
Ȼķȡӵȥˡ
ðɣԭʱľĶôܲ˲֪һ˸ģһСĴеʲôϣţڵҽѧ˵ǻ췦ġ
Ǿֻʣµڶ취ˣҺãһ˾
뿴ס治ſҿ۵ģֻһ򡣡
ʹƭҡ˵ЩŮ˶ˣʹʹ񱻵һ롣
ô죿Ҳų£ϲ˹磬һ򣿡
죬ԱԴյĿ£漴һֻ־͹סĲӣСĲҪҧ
ڣǿ϶ҧġʱ
ĥĥĶŵʱҧãһҪһھҧҺãʵ³´һͺܷǵСʱܰѼͷҧϣҧҲڻ¡
ܲȺӲ
һʱֻˮ˵ĴϢ
һֱָţֻǹҲ̫ϻۣ̫ϣһЩȤζеʧ
ң䣬ѿǶһͻȻ˳һŽʹ̳ȥ
ץµĽ˻ӣ
Ȼ˽ȥӽ
£ʰ𽣾˵ͷ
ʼסѱ¶
춼ûн£̧ͷȥǣסˡ
ġ
ͷŤȥ̿ͱͣͷһİˣ۾ϤϤμ˫۾ȴ벻˭
ʼ̽ĸְγٴ̽ؿڡ
뵹ˡ
ʼסˤϣȴһҲӺ汧ס˽룬˶һ
Ѿӵˣ·ϣС˵ŵϣҪ˱ˡ
뱻ϣȫˡ
Ƥڲ
Ѿˡ
ʼǸڿ룬İѽ󣬰γ
ʼ֣ǸݻͷһǱˣӵĺ֣
ع̵ӣһͻᷢˣҿһۣ˵һӣܣʱǾͻ׷ˣ˵꣬ʼ˵ͷ
ʼȻʶˣȻҲȹģȭл׳ʿڣȻҪȥ
ӲҡͷҲӡ
Žʬףһʱ˾ˡ
ʼѽù㿴˭Ľ
ϥ£սһôǡĽ
ⲻ
š
ǲӡѽý·ݸߣȻٻҡ
ԥ𣿡
ҡͷҪȥɳǣȥɳҰɡڰһ󡣡ʱǱᣬѾɢˡ
һ˲Ĵ㣬ûжൢʱ䣬Ͻתˡ
ʼҲˣµ𣿡
С϶
ǰܻᵣĽ潯뱨𡣵ڽºһҹѾ͸Ǹʲôˡ
糿ˡ
СǰһȺסСͯǰģȻǹˡ
ѵһҹ֮䣬ͱ˵Щ˷ųˣ
߹ȥǸסСͯȴÿ·ӣҪ㡣
⻰е㲻ԡ
߽ȥƹ硪
齵һǣһߵǽѾ͸ʬס
Ŀѣƻȥһʲô̫ذɡ
˲ԼĽǱڹĽ侲ߵǰֱֻһ½ؿں͸˿ھ֪Ľ
û֪̫˵
̫صĴ֪˵ǽҪӭӹ̫ˡ
ǾҪһˡ
ڷǵҪԣԲӰʱѾòˡڵԵĽѾȥŴԲϮɱ
һֱţֱǰѴԲʬɳ۶ȥŹ£Ǹ˼ͷһȥ
Сһӣʮʬױ棬лм˺ͼŮ
۾
ʼͶأ빫𷣡
áɡ
֪Ǳȴûм϶ˡ˺͹Ůװܣߵ˲Ż٣ʼ͵ЩߡˣҲܻš
Щ˶ΪġЩ˺͹Ů
ƥһʬס
Ǹʬڿ˸¶
Բ
ľȻĿһĻ
ӱƽΪŻʬˣᱻע⵽ֻ
߹ǸóˡҪĲϻҪװδϽ룬·ϣɱˣ˭ɱģ
ôڳϣĸ򣬡Уɱˣȥˣһ룬㻹ʲôɾģ̨һ˶ˡ
βŵҲ繫
ƣӣֻǸŮŮȵأ˵Ҳֻȥѡ
⻰һ㡣ȻˣˡҲδؾͲá
˵Ҳֽ벻áŽӥȴȸۡ
Ŀ


188 ɳ
ɳǣλ³ڡ
ס˶³ľūʿĺҲūӵ˵أΪɳǣֻҪԸ⵱оȻԺﶼֻܿΪǰʲô£ɱ˷Ż𣬶һʹˡ
˲ֵΪǰоͣҶֵأ͸ųݣ˽ʹžȥĳֱӰѳյĳ£ʹɳǸʮǾſաࡢ³ݱֹ󣬾ʳֱ͵͵óǮʱдǰڴ˵ˣȥĳҪС󸽽ĳһ˵ɳģ޲ɳҲ͸ڴ˵ء
˵꣬Ц㽫Ҫȥĵطˡ
һ֮ء
ľҲʵѵá
һƬҰֳǲͬǣֳǳĻҰٻвݺľĻҰݶûУ¶ĵһ͹һ̳
ʮǰǰҲûоκһׯҲˡɳǡ
󣬽Ҳû𽯱룬ԽҲ˱ӣĹŮ˳˿ؼǡ
ʧǣûߡ
˶ʮԺڵɳǡ
ɳ̫ƺСˡҪʱЩԼĶ䡣
ô˵ģһʣһߴæ¡ڡ
Գǽ֮ܣ֮ӣҪ̫ءʵڲȷ˵Ǹƭӣˣ̫أ㿴Ǽ١
ƺҡͷֲ䣬֪ӳʲôʴˣ㿴أ
˵ҿӣʵڲɳǵˡмŹӵơ
ʱƺ·Ҳˣٲǰ٣ܲܲ
˲ҵĽ뵽ϣĳһԺӣͣͥǰ
ƺ߹ǰͥʴˣǺˣ
ҡͷ˵ֻ˵ǹˡ
ˡƺƬ̣ͷԸˣȥɨͥԺ˰ѻú¥ʰɾԴˡ
˴Ҵȥˣƺ̧ŽݣһΪʲô˵ݶûͰ˽ˡʵ֥ƽ
ûڣѾ˰˷֡
æΪʧʧù;úˣ
ƺ񣬲ʺãֻƺ̫أ
ɳ̫سãԭֻפڴ˵ص佫ɳΪһֻȻɳ˵һһԾŶڽҲǸϲ̨Ĵ˰ˡø˴򽻵
ƺףΪ⣬Ӧ£ʽкָ̣Ȼ˵ģǾͿ϶ˣ
´ۣͷҷ֮͹ǰӼݰɡ


ƺӦʲôѾȻԽ첽ͣͥǰĳ


ƺһӻعæȥֻվǰ˵˾䣬ɡ
ƺʱˡ
ֻǻˡ
³ȥʼ
ƺһ۾Ϳʼȫ̵ܹˡȻɲŽڸ·;ϴԡЩȻ룬ȻⲻմϳǸûӡ
ѸٰѳΧŮһ³ȴһС
ƺϾ֪ǹˣΪˣȻֻǳǳһҾҲܳǵˡĳ̷ʵİ
Цǲһ棬ôҲ֮ͬꡣףӻسһ·˳磬ջص̨ˣֻ½Ҳ̨ˡ
Цתߣ˵˺ƺƵˡ
ƺûü׷ͷѾĽȥˣֻøϽݼȥһѾ߾ϣס̫ؿЩ湫֮أ۳Ͷ٣ЩϢ
ƺǿЦãʲô˭ˣһ滹Ӧĳȥ
ֵһ·Ҳδúùһٷ֪˵кο֮мѼʳ𢡢󡢹ȡڶΡǡ
һƺͷͣУУĳȡ
˴ʱ¶һ˿Цģƺ̫ܸɣһԹ˵̫صľľ֮١
ƺȴ齲һӶĶȥĹ˵ĳݼ֪
˸նҪôණʱȴһ㶼˵УҸղ˵ˣˣ̫ʶȤЩպˣȻ㣡
ƺҲӾĳȥˡ
󣬼Ĵɵһվ̨£Ȼղ˰ǰ˵һڽǹ˾ȫˡ
˾Ҫ죬һѰקס档
˻ĿԲɣŭڣҪȥƴٲҲҪϳǧβѧô̫˵
׼Ļú¥׼𣿡ƺھʹϵ
ʰˡ˵ͷŷӦѰңأ
ˡƺ˵
ˣŭǻú¥˭סʰˣ
ƺ˵ȻǸס
ãȻĹ
ƺǰңңָŶŵǸŮء
ĶأûǧۣȻܿ
ءƺӵҵĻϡ
˵۾
ƺղ㿴ǰҵˣǹˡ
ˣ˵Ȼ֪ʲôˡ
ƺһǳԵĽˡŴ˿¡
˶پȼһС
ƺЦˣ̨̺̺ȹŮ죬ȻҲй
˻Ȼ򣬵Сˣ̺ģӦռĹã
ƺͷ
ŭƺæ˵˵ú¥ʰ˰ɣ
˰˲޵
ƺӾֽȥˣһ˵̫ˣ빫ȥͲռҵĹˣ
һҲϽҲŽȥˡ
էһú¥Ϊطˡ
¥ȻָǶ㽨
ֻһĽ¥
ǰ⴦ɵɵĴӣͽлú¥
ֹˣһĹŮҲ׷׵

ߴط˰ɣ
ƽİ
˲Ҫ֪ú¥ƺΪİĵطƽʱԼסҲżʱ˭˲أôŮ˶һŵӡ
ƺǺ̹Ȼ
ʼԱǽ̫ͣĪ֣ǰסժ¥Ŵûú¥¥󡣡
˵ŭ
̫ˣڳЦǣЦ̫أ
ƺЦùЦ˲Ŷԣ˴ʵֱЦ
ʼЦһЦǰԽ˵ȥЪЪɡ
ú¥Ҳһһ֣еӶܴǰĹҵΪԵúܿաûʲôװΣһЩͬҲܴƿ¯齵ߴ磬ϲ磬һǱߣһǱߡ̫Ϊôõġٽȥз֮ǽ߰ͰڽǷǷ֮ĵط˸ϴˡ
һͥԺһǰͥͥǰһЩɽʯҲ˥ݡȫˣױҲݵҰݣôôҰС
ͥãһߺ鷿һ߰һЩŮ֮һǶģһǸסģ㣿
мңﲻ齣ΧȫˣϷ
ٺ滹һСԺȫӣָϸӦǸСҺסġ
һȦԻú¥ûʲôˡطҲסΨһõľ¥λۡϸأסˣͱȥˣı߿֪ײֻºܿͻᱻ˷֡
ʼǰƺļĶֻ࣬²֮
ǡ䡱̬˵һСʼͷβҲͣһָ̫ʹָʹȥƺȴյȫգû˿Եúܹ
ˣ󡣡ЦֻûҪҵĵطȻǸȡСһ⼸õϢˡ
ƺص˷ܵ֡ƣ檿ˣؿʣүүʲô
ƺ§Զ֪˭ڼ𣿡
ҡͷ
ǴĹ
ѽһ˳ôɳǣ
ƺҡͷһŮҲϣ˭֪ôģֻ֪ǴĹ
檵ϲŮʲôأ
ƺЦôɴˣ
ڳλפش˵صҾҲˡλȣص̫ضٷۡ𴦵̫ػбǮ·ӣɳǵʲôǵǮǵô
ƺǵǰʱʱ飬εȵң⣡ۿ˥ġǰҿԸĹƽƽ壬Ǹ·һС壬ҪͿ˵ƢС
ֻܽռţڼﱧС檣Ŷôˡ
ܴܲϲҪǹ
ڣͿԽ蹫ˣ
Ķ湫޸ۡҵľū⻹һ˵㣿
ֻҪһֱɳǣҾͿػյķ⣡


189 
صֳǡ
ˣЩԾе򣬡ôôͻˣ´˼ۣڰ˵ȥ·ϴһٳ
£صԼԺһȥͷںĴȸȲ衣
ȸʱͽһѧʦͬһȸƶѧʱ̹ΪĴˣԵȸѧ֮󣬾ұգ˽ҡûգֻպãҲապ뿪صԼҲԻָա
ȸôû˵ȥˮ滻·
ͷҲǽҽģǺȸ廹̫һǶǴСɽҴ˷ǵׯȥĺӡǵʱΪ˽̵գΪҵʦȻоգͲʶĸˣ˵ǵ˵ġǲᵥֻĳһڽ绹ʱʦȫˡ
ʦҲԼѡƽʱϲһҹӣԸ˭¸ɵȵȡ
ͷµѡľǽҲǽĸˡ
ӡͷҾ˵һûʲô£Ҿʹ˻ȥˡ
ȵȡȸȥóһҷˡ
ǸųȥҲһ׮£ôʱҪȵʱ
ͷԥڡ᲻Щԣֻǻ͹ȥɳǣôֵýؽꣿ
ҡͷŰɡ޹ְ类ǮôԸң
ͷЦȥˣҡڵİ̧ˡ
ȸԺŸϽʽˣ
ȥɳǣȸûȥֳǴ̨Ϣ
ȸҲϸʣȻΪҪǾ˵
ʱһˣ͸İβˡ
β壿ңֱʣȸȥ潯óŵ·Ь
βҲæƿȥɣˡ
ﻹһ¡
ͷuҴҸˣ乨ʱͷʪģԡϢˣ˭֪ºǰȻա
ֻūһɫĳվȺһǶˣңңһҾָָ
ͷuֻȥţһūǶ˾˵λ֪˰ɣɡ
һӽº̲סʣô£ô
ūҡͷҲ֪ûԵˣҲܳҲᱻ֡
Źߵһԣ̸ơƹܿһСˣǰߣuֹסŲʷȥ
ūָ֪ǰǰ棬͵Ҳǣ
ǷǱĵط
ֹuվסˣҲǰˣȻѾǳģ̫λεͷȴһɹ⡣
еŮ˶ˡ
ū̾ҲǴȻ
uͣ˰Σٴūûղŵͣһ·Ҳʵ֪˶ˡ
ʣʲôʱģ
ūҡͷҲ˵һ£Щӵ˵һϹһ鶼ûʲôֻ˵֪
ĲȫǿݻƵģ𴦵Ĳݶ͵ģƫƫΧǲݻǻȫˡ
ȴһˣѾɨɾûлҳǽҲûõᣣһµģ¾ɵĹЩʣҲ˼˿
߽ڵԼ
˰ɣʣ㿴Űǣȥ˵һͷײ˳׷
һӣ㲻ҪȥȥУѾ׷ˡ
һʣסӡ
ѾˣѾ˹㡢uǰ
һžҪܣūһץסƵu͹ǰλӡ
ʣģΨһĹӡ
u˵ҵʱšΪԴӴ󽯺ȥ֮󣬹оҲҲˡͻȻʧˣû֪
ʱΪһСڣƺִϲĹӾͱԺ
Сӡ⡱ȥ֮󣬹ֱ͵ɳǣһϥһӶûˣ
ʱڣ˿־ľǴϥӣŮûСʱֹ䣬Щм䶼ΪʩŻաⶼ䡣
޼̾ζŹպ³Ȼ³³ˡ
ǵҪȥǣ
ֻҪ뵽ǹ㶼ëȻ˲ǵ³һʱܣֻ˵Щ֮Ż᲻ܸ³
ڽˡʹ㶢ֿȻս죬ٻɣڴûеڶ֮ǰֻǴĹӣҲǣ
ĴuuӲ֮Ż
ôס͵ɣ
uţɡ
ǰһ棬һȵƨ£һߣһͣһֱͷ˲˵һƲƲ죬һ͵̴ӡ
㰵ҡͷ˵󽯺ֻܸʲôụ̂Ҳǽ̹ġڴ߾һˣǲˣ˭̶ǵ˰
ٿ򽪵̴ӣһɫ԰ףҡҡ׹˵Ƕö˶ģ̬Ƚõöࡣ
ʣ˶͸ӵ𣿡ǽˣǾҪһܷܲڴˡ
ϣ˽ҡͷ
uˣҶڹ߼
󾪣ǹˣûעŵ˳ʲô
ߵС˽ʡ
촽ѣҡҡߵС˽ǡ
ʣǡ
û뵽Ȼա͵ǽա
鷳ˡ
㳤̾һ
ʹ֣ǶҪùսȻôָߵСͯͽأ
յ̴ӣȻԸ
߾ˣôô鷳أ
ٳ̨㻹Ǻܸ˵ģԹҲôһ˿ǳʲôĿģҲһСæһ˸ˡǴһֱϼˡӦ˵ϼǣǰջλҲϼ˵ֻԼˡ
ҪǴܼˣĴǲˡ
͹Ų졣ͷuһͬˣҲʡȥݼĹ򡣽֪Ϣеһʯ
ʣ㿴ӵ࣬ʹҲǰ㲻
Ѿ뿪ˡȻǸٹôҲԲģǸҲ̨ˡȻǲǴʲôϵ
ֻҪ³иӣͻȻ˵Ļǻһ˿͵λϲˣ
ԹʱҲǺɵġ
uȴ̾ĺ˵Ѫǡ
ţû׹
uҡҡͷˣ˵ˡ
ڿƺ˹ǸС֮⣬䡢ñǰˡ
ڶͰˣ˵ýǮǣҲǣû˹ֻˡ
ԲϲĵλҲ޷ҡˡֽ֧Ҳǲò֧֣һʵĴӡ
պкӣΪ˲պΪʸ֮ģҲŽģԽǿ󣬾Խܱӻǡ
Լĸסܹڷĸײĸײ֮󣬾Ѿ˰ɡҲʱð֮󣬷ֻĸ׸á
ǡء
˸Ƿþûú˯һˡ
ɳǸ̨ˮ̫ءȻǶڱԹƤֲˣ⣬ûʲôñԹġ
ԣֳܷǵһУʲôҪ
ȻȻŽ䡢ȣнҲˡ
˶жԵġ˵ĥ̫ãǱʶԼѡ뿪ʲôãϰѸմԽʱСȥ֮־ڶ ͬڸ
ȻôҪ
ȰҲûʲôõġ̨ʱǾȥɣҲ
ûɣͻȻáʵù˰ɣ
ЩҲˡԣʣµӣɲΪԼأ
ҪٱôˡʵϵĶĻм˵Ļ֪ǲֻڸжԼ
Щۡھµһ˲䣬ͻȻûһᡣ
ͬš
ֳǣǾһɳǰɡ
Ͳȥǣǵǡ
ǻԲԣ
ǵԼϣ̫Ҳ̫ˡ
ңǲ˶óԸˣ
ȣˣ˺ӣ㡣ʹӿɰûʲôҡ
Ҫ˵ңǲ̫أ
䣬֮󣬽Ԫһƴ£ɣ
ʵܵûӣûӵ˷ɡҪĵһ
ᱻֵġֻҪˣԹͷu˵ץסȷǲǽԪĸҪԸԶס̨ʳҲ˺ˡ
ԪҲҪȴū֤ԼһУڳ֮󣬽ֻͱu͹סˡ
ӦøŽԪ˰ɣ
ǰǻŽԪΪһĲأǷĸûޣĺӶ٣ʲôģ
ʼ߽˵̫ظˡ
ͷ㿴Űɡ
ſϣһҲ붯ⷱбӰ裬ժ¥µԸ⿴Կһ춼塣
ʼ˰Ѷֻ̧Ӵǰ̧ŵĿⷿȥ
ÿ죬̫ض
̲סЦ
ô˶һֶΣ
ڸ㿴һͺܶġ
һ뿪Բԣ
뿪ң˭ôö
ãá
ΪЩ뿪ɳǵġ
̫


190 ѧϰ
ɳʵժ¥ûʲôͬΪŶȥֻʼҲȥǾֻڻú¥š
Ҳûʲôáûз磬ûû̳ͥԺĻľʱ˾ⲻɳǣֳǡ·Ͽƶأ̣ͳͳ
ǳԵĻõģȫӦоС̫صп˲ٵκ֣˿Ծ֮ǰֶҲչ٣ȫժ¥棬̧ȥûĹⶼЩʲôʼ
һֻʲôġεһǰ˵ģĳ˵°ɡ
ԭһֻΣ㣬ƽ滹΢΢һȣĵطεҲǺͷġ
ʼ˵һǳλʦʦͥԺſʯͷ˯ʱõУ˯ͻؼҵͷӴơ
˵Σֵ뿴ǲưǰз·
ſ죬ͷһ㡣ⲻǰ͸𣿲˵ľͺˡ
ʼϲɫ˵и¡
ͬǴ˵УĳɽһҰԣҰԼҲûбӪֻÿսɽٽǷ׬ǮҪĸβĸ׻ҪǮȢϱơ
̫̫Т˳ɽɽһθȥɽĳһʯͷ͵ĳĳضţʼۣԺҪ۾ǧһֶС
Ұ뿴ɽǰֻﻹˮȥɽ˵ĵطһʯͷɽ˵ĵطȻһ̾иʼۡ
˲ǿҰԾȻܵڳſסĿɶǸ߹ٸ𣬶Ұǰôһʯͷ˺棬ʯͷô
Ұﺦ»ɽ̵˵ǧ𡣡
һҿϲʲôʯͷôֵǧ𡣻ʣҰʵں±˴򣬱ʯͷˡ
ҰԻؼҺͰʯͷн䣬ǮɽˣٴΣôȥʯͷǲǲңʯͷкܶܶǮˣǲǲңòǲ£
Ұ˵Һ¡
ɽƨҵû
ҰԲϣɽҹҹΣҰԿ಻ԣòʯͷȥǸطʯͷնûþһΧͷĻǸʹ۵ˡ
ϲСȻˣ
ԭʹۺҰԾˣȥշתҹﶼ˯ţһֱʲôʯͷôֵôǮѽʱӦģ
ѣҲ̲ס߶£һȥ⸽ĹӸǶ֪иҰԱʯͷҪǧ˶棺ʲôʯͷ
ҰƫƫҲˣЩ˱ĥòᣬĲڣҰԽˣ̾͸ˡ
ʣС磬ʯͷʲôۣ
ҰԵͷૣǧ𡣡
İ壬ˣ
ҰĿɿڴ
˵̾ͰǮ̧ˣʯͷ̧ˣʯͷ̧ؼٿʲô˶Ӧס·ߣƵ˲òڴ˰ʯͷˣһ̽
ҰǮҲܲҲˣʲôҲûУͰǮ˼ҡ
ʯоȻһɫƣϸз·ڣ
Ǵˡʼ
ɽҲɽɽʯͽ
ֻһʼ
Ӵʼÿ춼ҪҳһЩ£ÿﶼڲͬĳöˣʵڸϿΡ͸ڳлϵĿһֻʼǴȤĵط֣ϵҲǻֿ֣Ľ̶ܳȡ
̫Ҳ廨ţʼʱŽŻĳһ䣺Ҳɽ
ԭʱֺϵκ³֮սҵʱҲһ֡
һﶼȥˣʼһֻɫ˳ĸ㿴·Ŀʶʲô
һļ֣ߣ¹Ա߲֪ˮ
ҡҡͷʶ
֮ӦĽ֮ʼЦ˵ž͸˵
ӡһŮȢκŮΪڵκӦͬĸá
˵ڹʮܳ谮⻰ʵԡʼ
ȢʱѾʮˣг谮Ů֮󣬻ŮϥλŮҪΪΪˡ󳤴󣬶λҲмӣʮأͬĸŮһ㡣
ԹڵĴӾλ˵ĶӣŮϲʼЦҿ˲󡣡
ԭˡͷ˵֮ǰҾ;֣̫ˡ
ʼֵ֪һ׮Ȥ¡ڳҪͬһֱϣȰ˹顣ҪԸͶ㵽˹С
ý۷ųʼְѹͣдԣ˻ܵܵĶĹᡣ
Ŷ˵Ӻܴʣأ
֪ʼҡͷ̾һֱŪڹƼ䣬֪κ飬ʲô顣
ѵΪ𣿡ʵܰŮˣ͸ϵԺʲô³ҾãǲģǸŮȫþκԹһţκԹˣֻҪ󣬿κףκֻ¶̾޵ֵˡ
ʼЦ˵Ķԡ
ʼصУڳ¼˲ᣬϵʪˣһԭ˰
ʼһתͷŴĶ
ʼӣ飬Ц궼û֣ôģ
߻ȡʼͷ˿Ҳմ˿·ͷ⿪Ҳ
ôˣķ˵㲻ȥ𣿹ˣ
ûСʼҡͷζ𣿡
ϸ䣬ʼʼϸŭСŭŭƽޡ졢ʡ
һһҡͷɫҲˡ
ʼ̾ҽղŷ֣䵽زûһ˿һķŭޡһ£ҡͷûޣǡȫûзӦеĿܶǻ΢ЦǴɨ䡢ժʻױ磬ЦȴֻЦ˿֦һֻСȥȤЦһЦЦҲ
˵ûǵˣ㻹ǵժ¥ʱжǶͲǣ
Ҳ˼ʼһʱֻżȴûзŭִҪ֪Ժͽˡ
һ㣬˵
Ǽ飬⡣ʼʴҲֻʴȣҲֻǱ˻ģѹǻŻῪģˣȤĹ»۾
ʵûκһˡ̾Ǵ󰮣ˣȴԲģ
Ҳ֪ʼҡͷҸ󡣡ֻ¯ڵϣЩȷ˵Ҿã񡭡
˰죬˵ߵʲô
ʼҡҡͷˣ˵塣
ҹʼ˯ȥһֱתŹ¡
ʵǰûмֻĴԣڶʳڵһЩ˶Ϊڿ主Ҳ˵ĺûΪҰڹеıСնԶʳдˡҲһ룬˶˵ժǹϿȫǹŮˣĻ
ȴȷˡ
дŹɱ˴СӡʼʵʲôԹΪʲôôҲġܹΪСҲãΪ˱ʲôҲãΪƭ˲ɱСӣûϵ
û˼ΪʲôҪɱСӡһ棬ҲΪŹɵɱˣһһЩ£Żùò²ߡ
ڽ˵һҹۼʶǸ֮ÿһ죬ۿһʼԹмһˣŹĽָͬһǰȻǺŹ
ȴɱˡ
²⹫ͽԼ
ΪɱĽ룬Ҳв˽ȴ湫ɨβ͡ŹȴȻԸΪʲôֻΪһ
ɳǰţɳ̫زһһȻ֪пܻᰤɳ̫ضԹпˣΪ˵£ɳ̫زףͲҪ
ĺҲԣɳ̫ý»ѹȦ˸ȻܳţܵĴȴժ¥ʱõöࡣ
Ĺį湫ЩѾƺҲûܹ飬ȴʶüֻ֣һЩʶϵ²̫湫һΡ
ȴֹһ档
ƺκЩ

ַ˸
ǿ𣬸ǣΪĵʧΪ˵ƷС
ʱ¶ĳ˱ӻ棬ΪܣҲţûгȻΪҰһһͨգĸҿЩ

ĳܲͨգʱعʱҲ꣬ϴûлعʱ䣬ǾͿֻ꣬ټ߶ʱ䣬ʱӸĸ뿪
꣬ļܹͥʲôĽΪĹΪأ
ַ˸ߵװ˯ݺݴͷһߵİҲ̾㲻˯ҲҪ˯ģ
Ű⣬֧˵쵽׸˵ʲô£ô˯ˣ
ʱһȫˡ
ʼæҿûʲôýģǲҪ룡
ҲֻǸЦô£Щû˼ңû˸ĸֵܾܵһ𣬲ֵҲʤֵܡ
ֶ˻ȥ
ʼҲҷˡ
Сʲôأ
ʼҡͷ۾˯ɡ
ֳǣж飬Ȼȴɵڳ˵һ仰
벻Ҫǣ


191 
˵ҪǣǾǸϹ
ɷβ䵽ġ
ǰнʢн룬½Ѿˣֻύʢ򽯱Ķӡ
˵ļСȲϣڽΰͽļƻУǺ·ɼдһȵӵȥƹܣҵĸֳǣڴߡǱѡΪֳǵˡ
ڱûˣһѾѮʮʮꡢʮ꣬ܵȵһġ
οڹĵӻʮ꣬Ҫ˽̵ʱڵֺ֪󣬽ҪΪˡıѧ֮ʿ̽Щ˿ܻΪнôѧѧöᡣ
ֹǽΰͽȥ̵ԼҲôġ
ͬʱҲҪǡ
ΪʲôҪأֳǣΪӰˣҲõǣΪ֮³ʺ֮ء
ǲˣûҪΪܣ롣ڳΪɳܻꣿʱǳ棬ƾʲôô̽룬ΪʲôҪѵΪȨǸֳ˾µժǹûдƫƾʲôɫ
Ϊ̨˵һΪʲô
ʱֻÿЦڽͻȻֱ֮òȷˡ
ȸ߽˵񽫾̨ˡ
ȥ
ժǹ
ֱڣȻûаѹߵ˵ȻҲ˵˵ʱڳĹ㡢u֮⣬ֳе˸֪һҹʲôǻΪסժǹء
ǸĹֱ޲Żһ̤Żᱻ֪֣òժǹֳһ˶ʶ
в˰
ͷһԴ˵Իһǻ湫ʲôһȥѱ֤²ȥڹϡ㶼һһĴȹصöࡣ
ԣڵõġ
ûʱûھͲˡֹǹͷuҪ³ֵĽصֳ̨ǻȥĽ䣬Ǵɱϰ
һǳ޹ǳǳޣǵ˵ʱޣ
Ϊǽǽ䣬ʱ벻ǣ޷ǣ
ȥ񽫾͸Ϣȸ˵˵ɳǡ
ȸȥѹӻ𣿡
˵δؿϻ
ȸ岻ţֳܻǣ˭ɳǣ»ɱ𣿡֪ʲô֪ͽһŭ˴ȥɳǣֻǱϻ˼ңֹ˶²⹫Ϊˡ
񲢲Ϊ뿪Ĺġ
Ц˵ҲǣҪǻֻ´ƴűͷu𱸣Ҳһеɱġ
ȸ岻ٶ˵ȥժǹϢˡ
ͷԱ߾ϵʯ񣬻нһ컨ҲһŮŮ̵ģ
ýܾһ󣬴ͻͬ⡣ū
˵ڹ˷ˡΪûʳ˲Żܳץס֮⣬ˡʣµĶˡ
Ϊʲôժ¥һˣ
ʲôʱôģ
ʲô⣿
̧ͷȥʱѾ֮ʧ٣⣿ɱˣ
ô£ô
׶ǲӳȥˣΪʲôϸһأ
˵ɳǡ´󲽽һˣӳŴףһְӵǰȥɳǰɣ
˱Ƶһģ˵űߣһץɳǣ
æ˵һ˵ģܵҶ˵ģ˵ˣûץסʵûӦ˵Ⱥˣãϵ˶࣬һϲժǹǰ·Ϊ·ÿ깫ƽ·棬ССʯͷˣûС͵
û֪Ѿûйˣ֪ȥ֪ЩŹˡ
һͷͻڽԴ﷢ѿ
ֵĿŽ䣬ôûӦ
ȥɳǡվѾĴӦһתȥ׼ƥˣѸ
ܿˣ׽˵ʲô˼
˵СڳɢߵĻ𲻶ΪʲôԹ𣿡
˵˵
ø֪᲻иȹأģһֱرҶ֪ˣͲòҵˡ
Ҳ֪ô׶ǰڽɢһЩÿκһЩá
ң׶ߣɽϵ˾Ȼû֪
еΪʲôñ֪أ
һֺʵ뷨ԼԼðͷԼܿԴʹı⣬Ը⣬Ҳû취׶֡ϹĲֳǶңǹ˸ҵ¾͸޷ʰˡ
һεģͻȻģˡ
ǰҲ
ūúԶŽԪѴϡϣӵĶȫӵϡ
ǲýȥʷһ˽ŵվʡ
ū΢Ц˵أǷƢڣ᲻˵ġôһ˴Űɡ
ɪɪȴûһԽū߽ȥοڷŭĴֹΪ֮ǰºʧһɶˣҲΪūʷֻǰûūڵʱ߽޵˶ѾˡϢ
ûм壬ûиĸûϡŮиĸˣˣиĸѰҡǻźûûǵ
ԣɱˣһֻһ򵥡
֪䣬ūȡΪʷһ̨ʷֵҲǫ̂ϵˣֻǸŴ˶һͷ֮⣬ĸ֮ǰûʲôͬ
ѾҪĽͣˣԭҪ󽯺޽޵ǮҲɣĽ¹˴µĿˣߣأؽҲ֪ʲôΪÿζǽʷһ˽ȥ˸棬ҲӲˡֻҪغôžˣҪȥֻڴ⡣
ǶԼͬӽʷĻǲòΪʷøףǶ֪ʷһֻҪ˷Ž޵ˡ
֪ʷҲһа취Ϊڽʷ뿪󣬶εĽʷûʲô𣬻Ļ
ūǰ˺ܾãѾûˣŷĵ뿪˿ūȥһ˺ܾãҲûȥͶ㿪ˡ
ū˽۾һֻǺԵǰû취ֻΪ˽֮Ͳٵȥˡ
ҵ𣿡ʽ
ɫȴܲԡ
ôˣū˵ҲǸǮȥЩˣ
ǧˣڲһµʱǧࡣΪ¸˴ֻ´ڽһ̾ɱˡ
İȲϽ䰡
ūû취СֹΪΣȱٵ۾ע޷κһҪǰĹְʷԺ͹㡢uۣͬͲСҲûȥҹͷuע£ȥ˷ʱ䡣
ֻҪץסһС
ԣֽ󣬾̾ʵɵĴȻʡ
ȥûйֱʣǲǹҪѽƵλϣΪˣеĲءԼ
ԹҲ㵽ûʲôЩʧ㷢ֹһˣɱֻһЩǶǵֶΡ߹˻ֵˣһ֣ڸӣԼ߽ȥһЩνĵַʽܳض໨һ֣ҪֶΣֻһ֣С
ǰ̫СˣΪһжҪĸ裬ɴ̫ˣ˵Ƕûвڲ֪õ̫ˡڣ˶֪³иժǹֻһ֪СŮĻڽº˵һٱǴĹҲκ⡣
һλٵĹ޲ߡ
ūԼɱѾôˡąܻ̊́һĵϺһҰĵˣȻǸżǿܻںܶطԺ
罪䡣
ܹ⣬ý¡
ȥֺýҪ׵öࡣ
иõıѡȻûõūԽľͲ̫ˡ
ҸܶǮ㲻ҪЩǮ׻ˡū̾Ǯ𣿡ϴѾһٶ½Ǯ֮ˣֻٸѧ䣬ǮȥʳȻֻЩʳֱӸǮ
ǡΥþĿⶢ˵ˡ˵أȥժ¥һ
ūʷ֮󣬵һ¾ǲڹߡ˶ˣܵȥժ¥ȥκһȥĵطҪȻЩ˾ͻᱻǻᱻȥɽꡣ
Ҳȥժ¥ˣϸĹ涨֪һ˫۾ڶǣеܲϰߣϰ˹˽º֮ĵطһŮȥݴһ¶ˣǽʲôȤϲ裬ÿֻܿţ̨Ѳ
Сū˵
ǹأ׷ʡ
ūǴľЦѵĹ
ҡãȻϢֻŻعūΪʲô᲻֪
Ĺ
Ȼ
һ㣬
ǡǡ
ǴŮζ˺ġū˵ϵССԶɢģ˲޴
𽪱ıڻʣ¶ˣʳ𣿲˵ǶϲʳΪ³ǲȱˣΪ٣ҪǾ͸ϲֳǷ
ˣת˼ȦջǾԼȥһϵ˵ʲô
ūû뵽ǣȷʵ˵˵¡
ƺ˶ڴ˵˶š
ĸ߹𣿡
ܰɣôϲ
ǣѾܾûˡ
ôᱻ˷ֵģϰ˼⣬˭ȥģ
u棬пܡʷңпǹµˡ
ߵȫˣڽߵ̴⣬˵ڶûҵǲȺм䣬²ʹԣҲпܡ
̾ˡرǴܻỳͷuϾǶǷԴɱˡ֮ǰεĽʷ͸ձϳŵǰʷȴɹû취£ҲֶΡ
أʡʷôԭȻǸͷuңԽס£ǾͽҳǲòȥԲߣǱסǱס˵ǱסǱסԼû˻ɴڸɵŹ֪ͷu
㻹ôôλڼλĿж١ȴȴ﹫ӣҲȥϿΣѧһˣͷ
ѡǴʱܵɱסζԸȥԹҲšӦúǴ±¶ȥͷˡ
ȻֳǴĹ𣿡һͷuڱ̬վڹߣȫһԲܼպ˽Ҵ£ͷu׵塣
ʱѡڸ࣬ԺԶܸĿˡ
uҡͷҲ֪˵ҾãԹݲ
̾ǰǱѡ񡣡
Ƚѡѡáɱǣɱûôס
˵Ǹߵġ
Ϊʲô
Ǵѹ޳ȥ⣬ˡ
˵Ǵ³Сˣ˵ǹɱģˡ
ôܣ˵ϹɱСӸʲô
ǡһֱܼСӣǻǵôһ𣿵ʱһģ˵ͺܲϲ͵ȥʱѹӸ˻
ʲôϵӵĳߣĸū澣ѵ˾͹﹫𣿡
⵹Ҳǡ
ôū֮ӣ˵ݺǽҵģζСݺֱǰ˵ɵ
ԶԶԣҲ
δˡȻôܵأ
һ˵ɱ


192 
ɳǵļꡣ
վ£ǰĻδɫϣһſˮ飬ԶһЩݵѾˮһƬƬϸС
µĿһζȴӾô˵صĿܸɾ
ܵģȥɡֵĿŹΪѾվ￴˰ʱˣǰʲôÿ
ǵڼˣʼ
ʼ˵ڰ졣
˰꣬Ҵºû졣¼꣬һ죬Ȼٽ¡
ûֹأΪɳǵƶǲʺֵأڿǣôḻˮӦúܺ
Ǵ˵صķ⡣
̫ء˵
ʼʣ̫ظʲô
Ҫȥꡣ
ꣿվƺǰɵɵѧôͣͷȥ죬ķЬʪ͸ˣôɣ⼸ǹŽŵģƺҲǹš
ƺЦ㲻˰ÿԺȲ¶ǰˣԼûæֹͣѩҲͣиɽӺͣûеĻһ鳤̦ʯͷܷ֢
вԼвˣô̫£ǲǲ֪˭ԡȣҲ̫ˡ
ܶԹôƺɫ̺ǵĸֻ̾Ҫһ룬˶ٶˣ
˵һǧ࣬ǱҲˣǧࡣ˵ҡͷôôٵˣ˶Ķȥˣ
ƺҲˡɳǱܵ˾Ͷ࣬ﱾиͨͨǣȫûˣǧѾˡ
ǰĶܱ𣿴ﲻޣǰūʱūﵽʮȻ̫һֱ˵ĺôйҲˣʲôأ
ʼȥȻ̫ػûг֣Ǻܿ׼ˡ
ǰʮ뱸ʿţߵʼȻжȴ罿һ㲻һЩʿҲ¶˲Ĵ֮ɫ
վסɨһЩˣתߡ
ʼȻϣǸͳƺˣ׷ϼ˵Ҫȥ
ʼתס̫Ϊβ
ŭѵ̫ػҪ湫ָϳ
ʼΪβУ
ʼ֣ȴֺ֪ô¾ˤ˵ϣǸֻһ
ɵˣʼתˣͷɥȥƺˡ
ƺҲ˲Ͻѵˣ֪˴Ų׹ζʲôʵҲѾܾûҹӣһĹˡҪ˵࿴ҲãھùߡͬĽԪ
ʵɳʱĸлнˣȻϽǹҲ㲻ʻȥʲôλһɳǹأ׾һֱŽʣӶš
ֳ˶Ϊɳƶ񤣬ɳǶǣǰգһ֮أ
ѽʴˣְѽԪߣĸײһĺڡǲǿԪģֻۿľˣƺڸһ仰ܻصǰұػ½ԪҲõĶԴʣ
˭ûϵ֪Լ黹ǼɵʣȻ²ĴԸԸ³ʱ˱ꡣ
ȷʵ泯ӮһЩ֮֮
ĳ򶼺˵еĳǻϲأҪҪǮɳҾǿԷģƺͿڶ̶ʮǰ˥ȥ
ùߣ
ͣǰʿţǾͿ̫ɡҲҲЬҲͶӴҴܹȥȥ׷ǸŮˡ
̫ضҪȥ
˵Ǹ
ô
ɵɵղŶ˵ǹ̫ظϳ
˵ôܣ
̫ظ˸ϳܣ
Ǹڵ˵̫ؾˣ̫زȥҹ𣿡
ƺڽǰʼǰͷ˵
ĳ֪ĳΪϳ빫ϳɡƺ
ƺ·ص˳ǰʿһĻˢˢĹˣӵ¿̫һˣ˺Ź̫صҪˮϳɡ
ϳƺ˳ǰָϳ
˸ϹһĻּû취վǰǣ·
ʿɵۣںֹͣ˺˺üضûֹסƺЦҪˣߣ
ҡҡλεģʼϣһƿȳָ˵뿴
ľɫʵڲôÿࡢ̲˶վ¶ǲǲҲִСҲõġЩ˴²壬ŮˣΧ浱ȹӣһЩϵŮ˸ɴôڲݴԻ£壬˿Ϊ⣬ЦǺǵ֣ˡ
гһ£ĬĬƿߣŬԼרעڱĵط
硭ûпˡ
óţ˵Զһ㣡
ƺѾ˶ң£ã˵վһ˦ޣʼҡεĸ
ɳǸû·ǻĵءҪʼסղײˡ˵ͦȵġγûдŮֻ˼ˣҲǿȽܴġ£ϹŮֻǰװ
˺ܾãӳȥѾụ̂Զȴ֪ܿǷ滹ѻǴĵطΪЩݡܰС˴治ϵ׷
ųʿȥǣٺͿˣֻԽԽ
ϵӶƺݳһȦȻ֪Ǽ٣ĶѾܾˡ
սȥʱҲ·ߵ龰ʱܿһשʯķӣЩ֮⣬ʲôҲ·ûˣû̷ǿʵɳǡ
ɳ
أ
أ
ȥƺܵ͸ʪǺúõİѽͻ˻ú¥͵ΣտɻҪȥ
ҡͷٳȥ
ƺѰʱĳ̺
ȥ󣬴˹ǰҲãҵ˹
һС¡붶磬ķƺ˸⣬׼ˮ裬ԴЦ»ȥͲˡúֻ̺Ҫһ룬ڣÿ궼ץ㻹𣿡
ֻǲޣƺȻ湫ϳ;ԼˣȻʮ̫ضԸΪūΪͣ
뿴ʲôʼ⡣
ɳƶ񤡣̾һ
ʼǲ⣬˭֪ɳƶ񤰡ʲôҲûУûʲôԸǰǳȥѧҲûɳһ˵صķ
ǡΪƶָǵزŷ֣ɳǵƶ񤻹ˡ̫ˣ
һеĸûˣʲôˡ
֮⣬ղžȻûпһأܿˣ·ˣзԣȴûڷǰݺ󿪿һ˵ҲӰ
û⡣ȫܹ⸽ӦץǾץһжղų˻ֲŮС֮⣬ȫŮģûһеģ˶Ǹˣһͷ
ҲŹ
֮ͣ󣬽ٴųȥƺûǸһֱ̫ߵĴˣ˵նж
αϴˣһָһ
ѳֱһֱǰϣһ·ϵһ˶ûеĻҰ֮ϡѳͣ£˵ǰˡ
Ѿɳ𣿡ͳɳǣɳӵĵطҲ̫˰ɣ
ǣǰһ飬˳û˵
ǾͻȥɡҲ˵ɳǣѾɳˣǷأƺԼҵĳҿͨվ͸ˣƺȻ˯ž
벻ͨƺûôȥϵ˳߱д־Ҫô˵ѣҪôһһƺĽ͡
ָŶת죬ʱسĿġܲˣҺδˣ
ʼȥ˵
ʼΪβУ伯С
ЩһѪͷųŭɳǵĴһһأʱУУ
ʼ̡
û˭㶫̻
ǿջأͨˡ
ûпջɳǣĿջ˵ЦˣΪﰡɲֳǣͨݣɳЩ
λȥ󣬶ȥƺһѧһ߳ЦǸɵ˰ɣҼСҵ̡ˡôҵõ
ƺ˵ֻȥҽҪʲôǲ֮ǰﲻ⣿
˵һƺݡ˴ҴҸϣŹƺԶȥ
ʼƺֻǼįˣǰﳣ˵ĸؼţϲ
ƺȻ򣬡ԭϡ¡
ʼͷǡ
ƺЦкѣһŮ˵ЩȤ£Ҿ
к𣿡⣬˵ƺǸǸ̫أȴȢšȢûŵȻҲûжӡҪɳǹʼʩ
ⲡʢֲġ
Ȼƺиӣ˼˵һŵĲˣ԰ײԡ
ŮѵƺСģ
֣ʼɫ֣ԥǻ³ƵģѵŮӦ̫صڳ衣

ʼɫÿæǹһ磬°ɡ
ҲǣСֲùˡôùأ
ã˾ɡԼˡ
С檱ŮáŮеĸǼ˹⻷ģСе̫ظʵֻ˽һɳǣû뵽Ȼ֮ϲ
úдȡҵ֬ȹ
ҪŮ˽ѣҪΪƺߵ۾䡢ࡣ


193 Ϊ
ƺССʮ꣬ظƽġ
Ϳ̬֬ȣ·ʱıŮӣֻҪһɼ䣬Եƨɡ
һԽ˵ԳСˣΪηǲ޸ƺġ
Ҳĸ˵ǡ
СĶ˵޸ϳء
͸ϣƳϣ߽ƺϴǰȽϣζûôˡ
С檹Ȼˣֶ˵ƺĻǲ޸ƺġӶ¾ɳǣ֪ʲôΪƺΰˣϵŮˡǹҲڴ޸ƺС檵ġ
֪Ц֡
Ѹٷչ
Сû֣˵ƺʱʱʱֽԶžƱ˵ҪƿΪеľƿӡ
Ҿͽƽɡƽƽ
С檡ƽϲ֣Ҳϲƺнϲء
ֻЦ
ƽܶ֬Ӧ˵ﶼƽȥȡá
ƽ˸ϲֻҪƺһֱͽһ
Ҳ֪ƺ˽¡ȻֻǴǰϯǰĹ¡
Ҳ㹻ȥ˽ƺǸʲôˣʲôıˡ
ģʧȥʮū
ɳǵǸεĳУһеģҵȡ
Ϊ˲ЩʿߣԹԵĸǵǵĴ֣Ϊ˱Щʿȥ³֮˵Ļǲ̸ʿգ˵ʲôҲ
ɳûֵصϰߣҲû˵ˡΪɳǵıᡰ⡱˱֮⣬ˣᱻ˲ʧ
ĺôǣɳǵıˣֻһ֮ǵ˵֮⣬汲ֵضˡ˵ΪֵأÿֳʳԼԲһ֣߱ǳصʿߣһܴ¡
䵱ֵصıȥ˵ʿ
ǾۼΧĲ
ǵû취Ӧ֮Ǿˡ
ҵnƣǴӳٱ֮
ҲûɴӸĳˡûĳɳҪծǰݣ˵ҪΣڴˣǲǸûˣ
һˣҲܻܸĳһΣܴһ
һʼԼǮҵļҵ׻֧һӵġֻҪǮ˾ֻҪǮҾסʿ
жǮ֧ʮˣֻҪǮūֻҪԱ˵еĳԾˣǮԽԽˡ
һǰȥұ𴦡ãȥ⡱
£ΪʵɳǣͲҶˡ
޽ʡ
ֳ֪ǵĳ᲻ΪҪ潪λ
Ҳ֪ԡһ᲻
ֻܿɳǣһ
ʱˡ
꣬ʵĵҡ
գĵȴƺԹ֮
³ˡ
ὨйΪܡ
˲ūʿλġ
ǸӣƺǲôһʱɱΪǹƺŰʳˡ
ʼ˵Ҫһ̫ء
ʼΰΪҪ̫أҲֻ֪ᱻң벽̫أѵж
ŽĻƺ˵ϡ֮
ƺǼжѲˣֲܴɱҪ벻ɣһһҹƵߡ
ƺֻȥҽ˵ɳƫԶûԸ
ĵҪ̫ҵ֣ôѾ
ͷҲţ϶ûԱ˵ֻҪ˵ժǹڴˣЩ˾˫Ŷ߳ѪҲҵģ
ƺ治˵ЦһôԴ󣿻Ϊ˵־ͻء
ӦһٵľԾʼһ˵ժǹɳǣֻ㻹֪ɣ
Ŀ࣬˵ժǹڴˣ棿ȻǴ𣿡˲ţҪһ档
ƺû뵽ֽȻӦ
ķչ̫֮ˣ
֮ÿһǰ̫ظ˶̽
˵ժǹ̫
󣬸˲Яرժǹ
ƺɵˡ
һ˲ƺĴݣһЩ
ƺա
̵ĳֻ͸̫ظǮ
ƺ͸ʹãȡģ
̵ͷȡġ
˼
ƺ֪Ϊͼʲôʱ˻ѶͣǮԸǮ
Űɵİ˷˽ȥе͵Ķˣеȴ˻¶ˣ߻Źˣ˾ָ˶˵ģ̫ؿá
ƺ
ԭô£
عǰֳǾôɵģЩ˰ͨݣɳǺ󣬾Ϊһ
תһ룬Ҳûʲôáر͸ִߣǻ䵽ҴСһ͸Ե湫й֮˳ˡ
Щ͸֮ҲԴγû߼۸෴ƺˣǰҪһǧʳֻϸ˰ٽҪһǧ˻ǧңʱûǮҲＰ߼ˡ
ƺ˲ţժǹ֮鴫
ھɳǻаʮʱӪ
ɳǡǰɳ̫ضԹʮֹ
еĴʯˣһͺá
ȴ㣬ȥ̫֪ǴĽ²ġ
һ£ͷԡ
ֵСĻһԣʽôأ
ˣ뿴ǲǰãܿ࣬ȥȳ
̵߹ְѹ͵δأ
Ȼƿԡ
ɳǲãܴȥ
ֳǣ
С
ֺϣ
ɡûֺϾͻֳˡ


̼ʲôҲ˵͵ԽӦȥһʹȥʲôҲû׼þȥСΪⲢõİ취
ǰ
Ϊʲôأ


194 뿪
ɳǣڲ֮䣬ǰУŸɫòͬģģٵģٵģдñģдñģд׶ñģдģдģһϴˡ
ߵĸժ·
ǰһĻֳǵժ·˺ժǹǰȺӼ
ǾͰū˰ɡ
ɳ˲ǱģūˣǿеĽūݡƥĶɳǳڴĽū˵ҪΪժǹһй
ҡҡͷȿ
ɳ̫ظΪΧͰУ۵ľĸۡˡſʮִľɷˣ֮˳嵽ǰͻһѷӿȥȻץ
伷ȺУü
ڸ̾
ʴȣֳʱֻҪȥժǹǰ棬Ҳܵһ
ڹǰˮ׾Ȼ𣬱˰ˮ͵ҲɴȡãԷˮҡͷڹ䵽زֻѱ
伷ȥᣬҲ׳Χк˿æ˵ȥ߰ɡ
ʩ񣬡ɣǺιʣ
˰ɣ˱һ߿ߣҲˣصİץߵܶܲ
ҲǱˣץôϱأ
ЦСΪץǵҲ㵱ūͷƸ֣ӵﶼСܻؼˣҲһܰץ
ԱһƺͷһԴ󾪣ô޷죿
˵ǶͷһҾӪģ˸Ǻݶץ˼ӵˣȫץߣŮСȫȫɱˣһѻչˡҡͷû˹ܣû˹ܰ
ȺмںԱߵ˴磬Ҳˣȫġ
ͷҸۡǸߴǽյͭţƺʾ̫Ǹʲôˡ
ȳǣѰ˴
ˣԾǣɳΧԲʮھȻûдׯҲûд򣬵ҵ˵ȫ嶼չĲкѾȥ꣬שʯ͸ˣֻڴҵһն˵ббڵԡ
磬ҵ˼߹ͷ
ɱ˶ˣȻܷ˹޹ǵĲͬһǳϸǣϸͷ϶Ѿĥ룬Ǳҧϵġǲġµ
һߵСϪҲ˰׵ͷǡ
ӵȴȺ̾
Ц˵ˣҰɱˣǻЩõԺһ١ЩءǰҰɱˣʰʬǣֻҪǣǻ˴ɨɾ
˼죬һˣЩ˿֮Ѹٵˡ
ȥ׷½ס磬ǿܰɣЩǻȥ˵ģ
һҲһˣӱģɳǾǸѣ̫Ǹͷ
ǵǵǰء
û̴ͣˣ֮Ȼһ׷׷ӣһֱ׷ǰʮŰݡ
磬£Ҫôܼ𷢳
Ƭ̣ȥֺϡ
̫ӦûˣҲΣˡ
ļֵˣǵļֵ˱̫ؾͲץˡ
⻹ǽġ
ֻһˣʱɱ㡣
ܾۼǧˣԶ᲻ɱ㡣
֮ǰҪȼ
˺ܶࡣʼ˵
ǰ˶ǽˣǽ߾
ͥԺЦʲô
ʰһصĲƥΡ
ĲƯ·û·޷ˡƽʹ󷽵Ľʶ½
ƥȹӣһһƽЦ˵ǼֵתȦȦ
ѾǲԼļ͸ĸӼҡ̫˺ܶСūŮǺܶ඼ȥˣˡƽԺ˵
ҲȷʵԺҲ֪жһʼһǴˣһЩˣֻɹͻرݣƺߣ˵ⲻֱϣȻȻϦ˵Ѿԭɵ¡
˵Ưģ̫ؾϲ
ڼȥϯϣıӺȾƣͥԺһ껨̫̾ʹӦֳһĻ
˵ʱƽҸ㡣
˵ƺȷʵһΰˣҲһˣݵɷѹᵣĽһеˡ
һ죬ƽһϲĶ˵Ұ˴ˣ
ʱȻİ
ǰƤڣһ̴ֱۡ϶з˺۵˭
õǡӵĿ⿴ţһһϤ
硣˵
֮ǰ䲻Ҷҿڴǰãڿһ̾ɢˣ˵ĻһӶԺʧˡֻʣ˽
𣿡ͻȻ˵Ҵߣ
ƽˣ֮ǰԽ˵߰ɣ
һߡ
ʱﻹðͷ
ĵ׿Цһ£䣬ᡢ嶯ֱסçײϡ
ô˵ģͻȻʡ

һߡ
Ǹôͷ
һðð֦ѿ˲ռ
ʳ仰ʱʵѾĸ뿪ɳǡⲻ⣬ֻҪܵƺצŵĵطͲһζ׷óƺûôʵڷǳСԲŻץסݡ
ԺƺҲԼװﻹһʱ˲ˣӽáˣҲʱȡˡֻҪϹһĹͿվȽŸΪټ˵£ҲԼٳƹѾļ޸ٹϼ꣬Ϳáȥֳǵһ߼ٵŮʬǾܶס˵졣
Խƽһʺϼװʬǡ
Ķһ¡
뿪ɳǺ󣬽Ȱߵ˶ߣҪʱĹټǰʶˣ㵽ĹȥǻϺܶ⣬ץģٵģȵȡȥϵĹ⻷ֻһŮֲ浶ǹߵһ̾
Իһֻ
ԡ
˽飬ӱܵĶ㿪ߡ
һӾ
û˵ʲô˵
ѴĻִ֮ʧ˭Ҫᡣ
Цһ£ȥɣ͵û
͵̧ͷ㲻ߣе˲Ǻˣɱ˺ܶˣ˺üӣ˶˵Ļ̫Σգ
ɽֻ΢ЦĿҡͷ˵ҸԺ󣬺ܶ˻
ͷűߵʼܵúԶҲǵĻɫƽǸղŲ˵ߣ̫أȥ
ʼһۣתͷȥСעſܻˣ硣
ͷ֮ǰѾܸоˡ
кܶɡ
һ
ˣʼɻΪβϸأ
ߵƣΪҶ̫ˡ
ܽϺܶʧȴݲ½һ˿һʧʵģֻҪ뿪ԶԪһֱܺõġ
ȴĽһһˡ֪ԽԪĺ⣬ϸλɱλģ˵Ĺʶڹ
ԽԪɱԪѽȺͽڵɹԪҪڲǶȻġ
ĵͬһ㣬ίᱯʹȴᷴԪҪɱɱҲ޽Ԫ
ȴ
ûǱǿȨҲֻлסԼȨʱ֣ܸ¾
պ޽䡣
ƽֽܹڣŭ
Ȼ޸Բԣ
Ҿ֪㣡
۾͸Ĺ⣬Ҫȥ̫ؽ͵͵㣡̫ػץסᵱɱ
֪ڲǧվɱ˲ǸŮ
ƽתҪܣȴʼӱס˲ӣһӾˡ
ڲԶߣʼһûеƣֻܿ谵ƽ˼½ţˡ
תͷʼһصĶȥƽĵذϷԶȥʧ


195 Ұ
ɳǵ
ЩǰĺڵϿֲ֪ںδʱĴҸС
ԽϲڵϿա
ʼ밢ǾΧػ
ժ¥ǲͬġ
ժ¥ʱߴʱʱһķĹǻˣȴû˳
ƺǱȵĽԪҪõöࡣûзƽʧˣҲ֪ʼôʬġƺѯҲϴ𣬻ʼʳģƺΪƽˡ
ļūˡСܵĺܶ࣬ƽǵһԺƺΪˡ
˾֮⣬Ҳûĸܣ׷֮⣬ǴӽսеŮѡò֮˽̡
ýû뵽ǣΪƺҲһҰģȴﳤ̧̧ŵʱͿʼҹҹϸˣҹصϵŮĸ
֮£׺¥ˡ
֮ǰȣ¥ȫµķŹ⡣ƽ£Ϊܳţ¥࣬ȴֲҶáòȥȹӣʲôʲôҲҡͷ˵ղҶЩʼǲںȡ˿ϯضߣû·ˣǾȻԼ·ģðЦȥʦ
ôߣʼ
ʼЦǰʱĸ廨ú棬ѧûˡԼ첹
ʣµеĻᣬеĲᣬֻ߹ֱֱһøߴ󣬱˶ӣ°ϻɫĺ磬ʮµðһЩͷĽ
ĪԡȻҲԼȡġ
ĪԷľһӣͰ͵ģɲںú̴ˣüղܻ·ˣ
ЩŮӲ֪Ƕԡˡ˽⻹ǸںǶ׷ʼˡĪԾŮ׷󣬿ӷôѿŮЦİ˱˴ܹȥЦĪԱǰѿӸˡ
ʱȥ֣Īȴ׷ǵĴЦͣԭĪԱ˿ӺĹƨȹŮٴϲܳ
ҹҲʱ֪ӺδŮ֮
ĬĬΪǸˡ
ʲôطʲôУõģ¶̫Ϳˡ
պ˵п͵
պƿ͡ʼ˵
һͻȻǰƺȴڱдǣǰЩӲĸá衱֮ء
׺¥λǰһصķΧǽʹطᣬҲǰֵ
ʼðһڲ׺¥˵С
ūӶ
һʼû֮ūָľˡ֪¾ɽĶУ֪Сܶࡣ
ͬǣĹ²ˣһ绹һ磬Ҳѿ嵱ճ³Ԫ÷롢֮ɱ棬Ĵ֮λҲˡ
ȻһһﶼһκһҶȨĸôƵ
ʼȻЩ޵̵ġ󡱡
ƺЦúõЩ˵й٣йŮ
ƺЩ˰ŮƵϣŽХȥתݡ
磬̫أ˵Ļ
ƺֹסĻȥһʲôˣ
̫ˣЩðԼˣҲֻøϽһ˭֪˭أ
˾æȥش̽ܿϢ˻еСͷ̫СˣԼĸ׻ĵ˺ϲͷһ
ƺЦԭô¡
Ҳʮˣֻ̫ʮꡣСʱ֪ܳɹλƾľǡĸסĴ֧̫֡ĸá
λΪĸŮΪ󡣵ܿ챻˷ҹҲ̫޹ȥһ̫ˡŸӡ
ƺʱûʱе¾ơǣĲԼġŮˡСˣ̫ʮʱʹ˲УŮֽг£н׳¶壬ֱ̫ܳӶ㵽̫̫ɱ˹Ů˵ֳ¶ڴͥ±֪ˣҲΪ
̫֮ΪΪ
ô˵ȷʵصĹˡ
̫СˣƺҲҪ̺š
겻ڣѩò߱ĿԳȻʮ꣬Ѿñ̫ӻҪߴˡ
ϸĸãֻŮūµĺӣҲֻǸūĸײˣ֪ԼᱻϳȥԺסֻȥū̫ܵ޹ӻ
̫Ÿ֮ȥչСӣС߰ʱ
ʱ̫ŭɱ⺢ǲĹ⣬˵ǣ˵Сӵĺӡ̫ţ˴СӣСҲƴŮ̺ա
̫ǲ֣Ȼ֮ȴù
ĸ׾һֱСӣСӳ󣬲ò̫޹ȥҲųȥһ֮УŮ
һӣ˵ˡֽҲͲ֪䵽ȥˡʱСӣǴˣȻҲ̫ͨͨҲӣСҲĸס
СӵĺӣҲ֪˭žǼеһūͰɡ
ڳúãСʱȴڳˣһ֮ǰܾ˿Եż̫󣬴Ȼвʲô֮̾׷ȥ
̫ϲҲܻ̫ġ
⣬СӵʱҲֻú÷̫
֪ĺûжˡ
˭֪һ죬̫ῴأ
̫һ̾أ
ߡ
ܶܶܡֻڻŵʱܣΪһ죬ȵ̫ã
ܷ󣬵ȻûȥأҲū̫ģ˵ǸҪûȥҲһ仰¡
ֻҪܣĽūƥ࣡
Щأ
ȻǴӷ
ûзأ
ǾǴʹͣͣߣȥ
ȥˣɳǡ
ɳңĶֻУѸŽգü˱ԼսսʲôҲ
ɳʲôҲں
̫Ҫˡ
ūҪ
Ҫ
䱦Ҫ
ߵȥһ֮󣬿ɾʹŮūͽЦɳǾ۱һ
˵ɳﻹвأ
ҡͷҲȥأҪǵ鷳ֻȥ̫ؾС
ǲСɱ˵ʶģҲ鷳ɴͲҪˣҪǮҪˣƺ
һ£ƺѾЩͷöˡ
֪ΪʲôǰԼҵˣһأҪǮҪŮˡȥļҵ׶ҪͿˡ
ʱ˴Ҵһ̫زˣɳǱӪˣ
ʲô
˵ץˣ˵ҪǷӣ˶ţǵ˸ˣ
ƺ·ȦǰľӪһأ˳ǳ˳򣬲ȻԽʮɸߵӪǽ
Ӫǽשʯ죬ľ졣
˸ǽһ飡ܳȥϣϵǱȥˣ
ūɺޣɺޣɺްƺͻǰŭ
ŭм߰ȦڴеĿУǽͣˣƵ£̾ôأ
᲻Լò׾£ˣɡҪȥ
̫ˣ᲻ᡭأ
Щ˲ץ꣬ʲôҲᣬûвֻһЩ˶ѡû˾ûˣȥץˡ
סͷ
Ѿ⸽ץеˣʮϺץˣֻ߰ҪܵкҲץˣҲûץˡ
ȥһǷǮҲע⡣
Щʲôֻ롭׻ڵʱһɳ̫أ
һðͷģضûеū
ƺգһץߵѾǧˡ
ˣԥˣܰڵϴޣǰûʱ۸ˣΪʲôҪ۸
ͷײٲϣıʧ
ƺ׻
ҡǣ
˺ɱ
ĺɱǳǰΪ׳Ƶĺɱ
ʼ͸ӵͷϸ¶ϲɫб䣿
ɱʱܾһĴأҪסȥ
ʼ˻Źȥȥһ¡
áְл㲻üЩ˻֪ˡ
ǻ
ʼˡ
ʤȻܣȻҡ
Ȼȥʡ
Ĭһ£ʰһЩɡ
ͷ౸Ҵܣʱɿ·ɶϺ󣬱ץҲ
ʤˣҲɿһ·
ʵ˾Ӽ֮ر
̲סЦ
̫عңóаˣȻǿڲġ
ôƣ˿ˡ̫ޱ˵ʱôãҲһӾͱ˸ɵοбˡ
֮ع֮֮عǿ֮֮ع֮ȡ֮ع֮
ʼҪʲô
ҪĶƺҰġ


196 Ϸս
ءʱ˳ĽˣЩˣ
ԼûأҲ㵽ȥҪֻǮЩġţһūһ㶼Ҫ
Ҫˣ˻Щϧ
ҡͷҪšɲЩ˻Ǯǳһڶ˷ѡ
ǻԼҳԵİɣһ˵ҵ˵ӲūǳԵģҲúúõģȥ´ѩΪһ룬ʱһˣ벻ͨ
Ц
ǲɵûֿضһ飬϶
ȰЩ˶ūʲôûʱǸɻֵأǷӣȶţʱһѵȥɱˣٲȻȵȱǮʱҲԵǮá
ȴҪǮ־ĶƯĿûʳøǷӣ
ֱ벻ͨΪʲôϻϲūֶģЩ˳˱˴ʱܻһʽ֮⣬ûбļֵ
뷨Ǹ¯ū񡣡һЦ
һǹӣ
˾͸Ͻת˻⣬ȻҪ˰ɣֻҵ˻Ҫ졣
ȷɣ칦򲻻ġ
ܿ˱仯
ūǶ˳ӣҲǱ˴Ӽץģڲֻһط
ûгԵġǰҲûгԵġ
ûкȵġݵϵ¶ˮ
ǶûӣΪ˾ͻЩ˶ܲȡǱͬΪ˶ǻۣ档
ūǺܹɣȴôҡΪ̫ͣҲǺܻῴ²˵ġ൱̫ϵͷϲĻƿֶȻǲģǲһֵߵϻûϤġŵġҲԸˣֻͨȥ硣
˴ˡ
ʱƺΧˡ
ƺ֪
סҵġҵĲֹǮЩ˶һŹȥϣظǰķ⡣
Ȼʧģ͡ʲôûˡ
ԶպﱼǷ·յʱѾˡ
һôҲЩʶֻ̫ж䱦мʶֻһ۾Ͷ㵽棬ǡǾӣǲǱ˰Ҿ
⻰һ˵ܶ˶ãȻǴͬԴһ㣬Ҳʲô˲ҲǴգԴֻԺ֣۸С˵ͷа˳ɵ˲֪
ΨһǸ֪Ҳֻ˵Ĵţ̸ߴ˵ڵʱǾǶʮפر߾˵Ҫѡ
Щһˡ
ôأ
رȥƺʲô˵ˡ
ʱҪŮˣ˵øˡô˵Ķӣ
Ǹָľӣܻ˵ʲô
ɫҰףǲǹİɣ
ǽǣǡ١Ȼ׽ǣ
һͻȻ˵ܣط«ū˵𣡣ôƭǣ
«ūƺͻȻ侲
԰˵ҪأַǮ««ָ
««˵ȥǸ̫ҪǮ㡣һð׹ȥȰøһꡣ
ƭҡᶨ˵
ǰľԻϮǻͻȻʧӡ
һеô¡
һʼǱͻľӸɵˣڶ˵
˵׼ҵİ׹ᶼ߰ˣ˵רԼĴԳ˭
ǲǰ׹᣿
ѵǰ׹ĸ˵ֻɱ
ɱû¡ѹԶʹ˸ɫɱ̫˴󣿡
̫ǸܡġˣȻô꣬Ҳжʮÿһʮġûб̫ᷳʱеصġ
ʱ˷һϲĵطǿܵú
ôôɱˣ
Ǹһʼߴ֮µЦ˵ΪǲҪżɱǡΪӵõ
ֻжʮƥܵõ
ԽԽҲûмһ֧ӵĶ飬Ǿ޴ƣɽ£ȴǶҲҶһȥǣӣߵǰȴȥ£Ƕ¡
Ϊʲôô죿ɽ¸ɫϰ棬ӭչɴȴΪôֻ࣬һǧࡣ
ΪЩ鶼Լ񡣡Ǹˣü˵Ҳֻ̫֪еѺݵģеǶϺģеǰ棬еǲеǻģеǸЩӵ˵ġУܶĽΪ죬ıͻߡ
Խ˵ЩԽľҲ֡ɱǵ
ƺվɽ£ȫңλƫд٣ֵȡ
̫ͷλεɹţҳصѹڼϣϹҵıһܲƽ
Ҳ˼£վڵǣǵĿƺ
һߵƫǵģҲǿƺˣʮʮˣ֮Ȼվñֱһǹһ
Χˣϻ٣СˣҲƺġƸ
ƺ󽫾ڳﺰ̫أͺ󽫾ˣöǷǹɣ
ƺͷϲŷܣĺˢˢķǹǰǹһա
̧ͷǰԶЩ˵ˣЦһǣȥ
±ڲЩ˾Ͳˡ
ǼȲܣҲģֻܴŲµʲô˼
ΪʲôһȺ˶ǸӸղžͶҺָƵˡ
ҡͷЩȷ˵˵֮ʦײɱˡȻкܶɱ˵ʱ٣ҲûʲôȥһʮҾ
ǡ
ȥ
ֶ
һʱ̺Ϻһˣ٣
˶ڳһʹ󺺣ӵӦڣ
β£
ڣ
ɭ
ڣ
һð󺺣۾Ӷб϶Ŀף̫¸ۡ
Ͽƺƺγȿɾ
壡
ȿηս
壡
ȥɣƺһָ˶תɽ³ȥ
ף˵ˣ
ƺһǧʿȲһһ𷢳ǻеıŹ˵׳и裡
ɿĴͷҲ˵ˡǸһֱǵЩʲôܵҲ죬Ͱ͵˵Ҫսˣ
Ȼ̫ʲôǶҲ󺺳еҪȥǴ
˭
˭Ը
ǻʲô˵ģ
ܰ
һȺѾˡ
ɽµ£ϷЦƺһ·ĴʱҲضˣһɣҲЦ
ԽԽ죬ԽԽʿǸǷ
ս֮
Ϊˣ
ãƺʱ˿̲ʵУûĻˣ
۵ǣ
У
Ӧ糱
һسǣ
洫Ѿˡ
ʼ˵ʤˡ
ʤˣǲ֪Ρ
ЩʧΪһҲҪ죬û뵽ƺϳȥϾͻˡ
ʵǡˡ̫ССĵ˲ܰƺѹƵزĵˣơ
ܻȥȥֻ̫ȶȴæ֮ǰ˻ȥ˽ū
˽ˣūȴûˡ
˲ˣϷˣĳ𣿡˵˦ȥ
ɻ˵ɵˣ׷أ˵Ҫ𣿡
˸ȥˡʧ
ô죿ô찡˿һۣûӦʲô˼˾ˡ
һ˿һĻ׷ȥһֻ̾²̫
⣺ﲻ
˵֪ȥ˭𣿡
ҡͷ
̾˵Ľġ
˸£۾ɴˡ
ġ
˴ۣҿȥᶦ״ġ
˭
϶ǸˡֻǸˣˣǧ˲ɣǮһ仰
˱ˣ
˭ģ
˵ң

òҰס
Ȼ̫Ĵ̫ˣɱֻҪ͸˸̫󣬱̫ˣ̫Ҳ
˵ҿû취˸һ
һѾɵˣһ룬ȷʵǸ⣡æһ˵ٹվͰ˸
ǵǸץ˾ͷӪӪſû˿ţȥһأ͵һЩ˳زˣֱӸϻأҾ׷


197 ս
ӵ£ȣȴһҲˡ
ĬĬס꼾ֳǲ̫һ֪Լ˶೤·³λʲôλҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪ̫Ҳ֪Ժܲõϡ
ǣҲֻġ
ұȥֵʤѾȥһ£һ֮еˡ
һֱΪҾʣƺһˣûӣҲûţΪҾһ𡣽һʼȥˣüүүүȵȵˣȫݣҲ֪ðģһķӣֻҪǲӦöǺܺϵġ
ֻҪٳһţߵԶһ㡣
ʼȥ˼أƺӦȥҲñ˼
ΪʼһЩײͿ̫Ǹ˽һбһ˸ײ̨ȥˡ
͵ûвӵģԱһʼ֪ʲôˡ
֮ƺ͹СŮһһֳһ˵Ļһ䶼ֳǿСŮ˵ѧ໰
СŮܽͣڳݼã˵ִֿ࣬ѧ£裬úܺá
Ͱˡ
СŮÿһطˣΪʲôһһ໰أ
ֻ˵໰СŮЦ˵һ˭ҲĻǸŮЦΪŮ
ԭСŮڸʱûˣ˸ŮŮ󣬾ͽһ໰ˣŮͰԼСŮһ
СŮǰҲûô֪ԼŮֻ˵໰ŮʲôŮģŮȥ̺̫أ͹ԹԵˡ
ǸСŮ˵°ɣһûǱߵĻأ೪
һСŮգ۾˵أ
Ҳ°ʣѵǲ̫ظҵ𣿡
ŮӶˣȥ·ʼһʼΪǺģĸǸСŮѧ໰
ָӣô˵
ǸСŮ˵һ飬ظ飬ԼˣͽбСŮһ˵һ飬˵ʵʮ߰˴ζ񣬱һ˵ЦˣǸϷ
ϷϷȥģǸСŮ˵ĻˡСľ٣Ժ˵ҪһʡͰ͡ˣװͰ֣ŵҲָֻ֮
ǸŮͰ˵ôá
ͰͲ֪ûûλٶۣȻôС;ûûѣȴ㲻Ӱ죬Դӵ˽Ϊ˵裬硢СٳԼ㣬ѰǶˣѧƹãվ߸裬ΪһԽá
ͰǽаͰͣû˵Ҳûֵ壬ӣʺ¿൰ֶǣֻ۰ˡ
ΪͰͺϲԼ֣ÿظ˵һ䣬էһܿɰ
Ͱͻᳪ衣
ͰͷŹ
Ͱͻ໨
Ͱ͡
ͰͻϲǸŮŮԭǸ˵Ҫ̫صС檵ġͰģŮ˵˺ü顣̫ûҲ󹦷Ѹһס˼ҵȥˡһ
ΪŮŲٴŰͰͣͰ͵רŸ̫СԤԺŮӲһǱ̫ˡܼһֱˣȻӰͰС꿴úòͰ˹ȥأƺҪҼ㽪ģܼ˵໰Сֻϲ໹˷ͦɫѡ
Ͱһֱ˵Ů벻ȥһͰ;ҡͷ˵ͰԺȥˡ
ΪãͰ;Ͳȥˡ
ֻһʱģͰͺܿڲ׺¥Ӧ
һŮûдԼж㣬û㣬ֻ˵ССװ׵Ļ
ȰͰʹһЩƺҲЩСŮһڲ׺¥ıȥΪ˵ϲͰͳ裬Ҳѧ˸Ͱһ𳪣̰Ͱͳ³Եĸ裬İͰ³Գһ˵
ʼ֪ǳ֪صŮڲ׺¥ȥ֮󣬹һ㡰ʻǰһҹ˵һ仰Ƕ˵ʱרעĿΪǸľż
ֱ죬żȻ̾һֹ˾䣺ġ
ͻȻһ˿Цֹסǣ󣬡Ǳߺֳˡ
Ȼ̰ͷתˣ˫۾
ƺ͹ȥ˺󣬼ȻٷԴЦҲСӣʱʱľҪһˡ
Ҳ֮ǰô߹ҲЦҲ̫ЩСƢ˵񣬲ץֻȥ㹫棿
ƺ仰Цö췭죬˵ˣǳģ档
˲ʵҵȻ֪ǳģ㶼ǳ⡣ɱҲ󰡣ѲǹĴȴ㻹󣿡ǲ˵ʲôϼһƥܷȵȣûôܻУ
ƺЦһƺ겻ͬ鷿̾ڣ֣ǿݺĹˡ
鷿Сʱ鷿ǸʱÿĶԺôҾݺңȻ͸߹Ӳʣأڲᶯĸоȫͬ
ҶˣҲһ꣡
ʱҲûзաϻص£ֹЩϹͷҲøˣÿ춼ҪҪˡ
ƺԼǲģҲû׻ûüЩҾͿʼ˥䣬Ҳܶ޴żɳתȦҫΪ˶ҵı
׽̸ҵıҪסҪغã
ûڸ󲻵ʮ꣬ϵıֻǧڣȻֻǧˡ
ǧıƣζܷ֣
ѵǲõġȷȥһˣͰ쵽ǧУϱ¶İ˸
Щ岮Ƕ׷롰桱
ƺ֪Щ岮ҲһЩ˵ģÿ껹Ҫءݸȥı岮Ͳ˵ˡ
ǾЩǵģɵˡ
ҲܷҪЩءľ֧ܵǣҲݡ
ʵΪѰ
ƺҡҡͷȻûپУǰЩ輿һüõıûЩūǸŮӽҺȼ
ͳȥˣżͱһײſ˻Ѫ࣬˲ײˣֱӳ嵽˹ƺǰ󺰣󽫾ˣ󽫾ɱˣ
ƺһӱ˵ʲô
󽫾ϣ֮һҲҪұۡϻΧ󺺣µˡ
ûȻΪƺһǧ˼˼ģûѹһЩ˲
ƺǳġ
ƺ˵
ٵƺץסʡ
˵ҲܿЦʵϵĶӣɡ
˵ױͷƺԼˡ˵ҲƺˣͿƺ
ɱƺҪСʮ꣬𣬾ֻƺСųֻūҡβ㲻˵ĶӡϵҲ֮Աǡ
ϲ֪ǳʲôûйܽɣһֱô롣
ƺˣūܺЦԶԣԼ˵Ȼ棬żķҲһЦԸСܵܣʱǰ佱ɡ
ɵȻûбþʹƺ෴ˡ
ǣ˵ƺȦڴӪȴ˴ȥôװţʱ
øɵ²ɣʲô󽫾ɵϵ淢ƢĴ˳ȥˣ˵Ǽū͵Ҳ͵͵Ͳƺˡ
úܺãɣײҲ͵˵ĵˡ
Ҳ͵ģһҪ˴ߣҪǧ˶࣬ģ͵͸ĵˡ
ܴߣ˵Ǽ¡²ãͳ˻¡ֻĲҪСϾ̫ܱλȴΪҡ
һ
˺֣Ǹ˽˻һûоκ˵ľǱǴӪء
ӪϻرʹӪǽûޣԵʡǵ¡ǣ˵Ļͺоķֳһȥ̽·磬ٷֳһȥסӪڣ˽ȥ˳
ֻĶʮˣҲǹ֣Ķ뱾Ȼãܡ
ɳǣֲŰūߣɸûϵԭǻˣʼʩ
ǾӪʮ֮ͱˣɴʱӪ˻û͵أ۶࣬ȥ˵ܲܣ
ܣַֻ»ȥ˾Ҫˣ
ģƭΡҲػˣֱܰɡ
˵ҿûǶֲ֪࣬
ˣϵǾɱǣǿܣ
Ӧ£˳ȥ˰ַڸߴһеһˤǻûӦ̶£
ʮ֦Ҫɵһ˵ֻһתϿ죬ӳ졣
һ¾룬׷Ҳ׷ϣʣµһ˲һ˿ߡǸղŸϳҲǧˣһ·ܻȥһЩһЩҲˡ
˵˾ܣֳһϺʣµľŵǹЩūܣǾܵ·ϣǵĶǵӵˡϵõϢ׷ʱ̾ͷǡ
û뵽ɾôˣϢʱЩһѪȻȰҪȥȥ̫ظŵģϵȲˣƿˣαصСҪҶ𣡡
׷Ӫǰ˶ӵʬ壬˵Ųӣȥ·Ӫϡǰһڣҡҡ׹ǿվˣ˵졭
ɺӲݲһ׷
Σ壬а˥ʹ
Ҳû׷ˣϵʧ˾ģɢӡɱЩ˺󣬲ս˾׷ȥˡ
ƺϵֻʬ
һ˵ū
˵˽ȻԼĶū
ƺĿɿڴֿϺɵʬǣΧ˶ڿ޺š
˹ߣס֣
ƺı˳𣡣ƺͻȻ·ɢ³סβýһһͷϵؿڣ˵ݣͻȻ뵽˸ףˮ
壬Щߣȥ㡣ص˵
һ̣ӡ
Ҷɣ


198 
ƺ˵ϵƵ˾·ΪϱҲܲ˿ɡ
ͷ˺ٵһȣȴӼ˶ȥ׷˲ϣʮ˾׷ȥˡ
ţҲ֪ϡɶǷһëСҪǴ̫٣ҲḸһ
ƺһȥذ
үվƺߵģһһصĹѾԶˣƺһ·׷ȥֻһǧūɱ˵Ѿˡ
ۿˣܼ׷ǴҴҳûһڣһƬڣҪǼǰܣǾͲ֪ܵȥˡ
ֻõͷ·˾ŻҲ
ƺصңѾˡ
ͥԺͣ߹ľһϣһɣɵĶӹڹײǰТ˾Ϳͷ
ƺǰҲһ鲼ͷɢĳȥ˵ײǰʹһ߿һͷȥײײģ˺´أŰš
Ա߹ŵСŵһһ㶵ġ
ҲͼˣͬҲƺһˣƺ⸱߿ӣæʹȥ죡Ҫô󽫾ٹ
һӵȥ߽ŵİƺӹײ˺̧ݣƺһ·УƽʱҲǸŵˣǰٿһڿҲǸûᣬɫҰף
ſǰĵ󽫾󽫾ҪԼ˵ţͷҲˡ
ʱһƬ
һ޾Ϳ޵˺ҹߵĶˣߵȫڲԴٴϸϺ顣
ƺȴ˺á
ɱ˵Ѿˣǽܵ
󽫾ϡƺ֪ǲףھ͸ҵϱûУҪֹˡ
ūɱ˼˻ﻹһԣѪԣкĿ֮䣿
ƺҡͷСˣͰôûˣҺ޲ܶūʳƤֻóȻ֣Ҳ
Щһ³ͷС󣬼ҵײᡣȥСǮǲܵģֻҪ
ɱҲи⡣
Ҫôأץɱˡ
еѡһ̫أر˽𣬻ץסһĹ忳ԴǾ͵³һԴˡ
ҪôǾߵţǸû۵Сɱء
ǰߣ鷳̫סߣȫƾ֪ǸʲôĻأ
ͷ󽫾˵ҲеǴ󽫾ߣ
ߣȻеġ
һʼƺûǵڶܡˣҲûٵ󽫾ˡ󽫾ȫϡЩ˵ƾ٣ϱ󽫾ҲӴ˲ˡ
һܣȱľ˳Ѱɡ˽ԹУǹȥأ
֪ƺ˸ֻһ͵ͷҲáֻǲһ߲ʱֻҪƳȥˡ
ƺͷȻˣȥˡ
£ҹݽ
Ȼû˯Ӱǰ治ڶĿƺǲˡˣôҲңѵһһ֪Ķ룿
ֱƺТĽһ
ƺȴ´Ůɪɪ
ʼǰ˵̫أչŻˡ
Ҫ㺦¡
ƺ˵غޣһ߿һǱʼˣƺҲŰסʼˡ
ϵķС
ʼ˰ڵϣĿѣ̫𣡣
˵Ҫԣ
ƺǰһͷһູΪϷĨ˼ѪŵûˣΪһֱȥ͵һŶƺϣ
ƺøҪͱȥ
Ŀɿڴ
ƹҲһӵϣʲôƺкƹϵĹͰ
ƺе֮㣬һҺ󣬰ƹҲץ˸ڽ¡
ְһ߷һ飬˿޲֮⡣
̫̫¾ֱԡ
ƺƹһ֮ͨϻ˲ˣĳðǽա㣬˵˵һͨžǱһ壬̰׶ǰҲӣڰյķϲ˵˰ա
ҪЩǮҶӱϡ
ǮһУôô죿
ǣΪˣ;Ϊ˱ˣ;ܾǣԴӽɳǵһһʯǹ֮Ȼþá
˭Щ˾ȻɥĲ񣬽ҵȵƵ˿ۣ
Щ˼Ҫɣˡ
ƺΪ̫ãΪǰҪҾ͸ҾǺˣҲ˵˲ܸǾ͸öûϵЩ˸
ǣǾˡĻ׼йİա
ūǵİգǵţһūƺ£ʹļףӰӣˣˣܿ࣬Լܿ໹Ҫܰ
ȻΪձŰһɵȥֹ۵ˣȻ˵ˣ׵һʮҲһУ£Ҳˡ
ڣɳǲŻǱ
ƺ꣬ʽʿûˣ
ͷ
ѵΪǱ
ͷѾʲô˼ˡ
ƺҪʣ̫нһá
ƺԼµĽ˽ޣô˽ɡֻһ߳ذס
һͷݸƺ˳𲻱Ϊˣ̫ҡ
ƺûϵȻô˳ΪҪһءͶд֣ؽӹͷҲ
ƺߺʼ˲űǸƺĴߣңңĶŽ˸
ʼסһ֣ѻʻȥȻù
ᶯ̫жбûд˭˭Ҫ췴ƽʱûʱԼſתתУŴܵȥʲôɣȫһԴ
²Ӧʼ
ִǹܳ衱ʱοڣʱ·
ҡҡͷЦһ£Ҷ̫ز֪¡
ʼһ㶡
ҲһСֲеıʱСеıҲסƺɱе֪ˣҲ֪ȥ¡൱һգ·ˣҲеطƹûǲҪƹĻᡣ
ǡʼĵ̫ص˼˵ȥˡһҲסġ
ᡣûô࣬ҲûôֱҪˣѵͻԹԽˣ
ƺûô
ӦֻҸɣս󡪡
صңֶҴҹæ˵壬ˣ󽫾ҪǼҵˣСһ˵󽫾Ѿȥϼҵ˶ˣ
ҶбױȡԼаǧϼҲֻ಻١
֣ǧ
ֶǧôŷ˲ƣʬδͰɵĶˣ˵⣡
˭أɡµˣǶҲֻƺܹҪˡ󽫾ѹһ󣬵ȵʱҲҪǰͷ


199 
ƺˣ֮ǰһʱȥĵϸ֪֪ˣ֮ǰɳǲߵǰ׼СӣȴͷǲʲôԵʣ
˻ǰѾˡ
󽫾Ҳһƺ󽫾֪ҾͲȥˡ
ƺߴ̽ǿǮķϣҲΪơڰƺһæҪԼһԴնϡƺǮ
ƺѵû̫谮ӲǸҪһǺһҲ١
С˵ͷͻȻȥ˵ҪҲ̫ˡ
ƺһְֻ೤ϣӦңպɳȥ
ӦС˾߲šЦȻСֻӦ˴󽫾ֻЩʱա
ƺӦˣΪ˸˱꣬һǧŮūͯūòϵġ
Ůūͯūȥκ˺ܶʳ̵ȥ
иֲڲͬĴͳǵĳڵǡϡ϶һԼĳǣԼķС
ԣعǷǿֻǵĳǳؾ֪ˡʼ
ȻʲôҲ˵Լµ˹Ĵ㣺転ǡ
Ƿǳðյģ
ڳһ亹֮󣬾Ȼ˷ˣ
ԴӼ𣬶Ҳ빬ΪѾʲô仯ˣʲô־ѳɿաΪԼøмֵѾˣڶԱȹͻȻԼȻһСŮ
˵һжģҰʱÿһߵþޱȡλأ
뵽ʼȻЩ
ʼһЩص£̽һ֮
ҲԼһ֮ԶԶûн
κˣϯΪ³һͬգ³ʱҲƼٵĽƣûʲôһǵĴӵܸȡ˵ˡ
ϯأͰԼˡǻһլӣġ޶
һص˿Ц˻æѴŴ򿪣˻ˣ
ϯ³˺Сӻ𣿡˵Ź˲˻شߣһһߺ
һŮ߳ķɫЩڣԲʧΪһŮʹ˵㡣
ز
ϯ̿ǰת˸ȦЦһƬ
һʮ߰˵кһкҲˣкסСкȥ
ϯ̷ӣӣСкſ֣ͭ
кŷſСкСкϯ̣߸߱׸ٽסСкֵЦһƬ
Χ̧ͣӣк˱ܡ
˵Ȼȥɡ
ϯ̵Ҷˣð³Զٷȥ
кһۣ°ɡ
кӦһϯ̲˵˲ת뿪Ҳ޴ȥ͵ȥڸջϴˢιϣ˾ߣӰæ
һ˵òԷ
ͷҳԷ˵һȥ
ļױС̾ҲãȥҲᰤˡ
Ĭ˵ͷˢڼҲҪɻ̺һѺ֣ɵòˢӾȥˡ
һߣ̺ϯ̰·£ԸڿˣһԿš֪ͭ£ﵣĸأһ£ҪѸ
̰Ѻӱˣϯ󾪣æʣôˣ
Ȧˣºȥ¾Ϳʼᡣ
ڼҵŮʮʱġڼҲңĲڼòļϲһɾ¡ʼղȢȥֱľҲϼˡ
ڼûȥֻίίСڼūһɻҲͰ
ϯ̵ǣһҪ仧ĴȢܰӡˣֲԸҰջͨƽҵŮ۾ֻļϣһͿ
ڼҾĸĸֵܶ׸ϯ롰Ȣ´ƸͰ˸ˡȻϯ̻һӣö֮ڼǱȻϯ̣иݡˣǺкôģͰٵϯŮ
ʱʱҲһЩūڼȴϷšǾòһ޸ϯ̺ڼô죿ץסͲڼҡ
Ȼһϯ̶ƴӣȥ̻Ǯȫţ˸ӣ˵ڼûжӣ˶ӣա
ϯ̣ڼЩ궼ûΪʳʱڼͽˣȱǮȱϡϯ̷ѾǧҲΪ
ùϯ̣ڼҶץþ͸ˣȻϣǺùˡ
ϻػǻúõ𣿡ϯסޣ˵ϻҴڼҳѾӦȥѧˣһƥôͻȻҪ
޵ҲˣҲѧˣһҲϻҼ·˵ƤףҲ֪Ǵ͸
ϯװһûֵӣҵĸֵܣôûӡ󣿡
ŲڣָǺӣӣ
ŶŶϯ̵໰һѧᡭ˵˭ΪʲôҪ͸
ʵضûУǮˡԲ˻ǮǱˡ͡ġ͵ǲĸԸ
ڼҾǱҪ͡Ǯ͡˸һеһ
ڼҲҼ㿴ùȥյöĴպһ¡Ǯ
ϯ̵Ҫ٣ȥ
öԲϯٰ̣´֮󣬵ڶ죬ϯ̴ȥڼˡ
ǣڴ˳ǶլӡڼҵլӼΪƫԶ˵ľʱӼһĵġ
ϯڳϣôͨڼҼҪô˵
ڸϳͻȻ
ϯ̷Ӧæ˵˵
ӸˣԼϳ
ӡڳϯ̴ӳϷŵͳǣ԰ɡ
ǿ࣬
ⶼǵܵƽʱʳǵһγԡ
һͻȻ˵ӡ
ϯĵͷ˵ⲻ㡣ӣĶӣ
˵Ҳ֪Լӵȥǣӵ棬ץūģץ߻ڼҡ
ϯִ̿ӻͳӣš
ҪȥҲᱻѳ
ϯ̿ͻ룺ӣ
ͷ
뿪󣬿ⱲӶܻˡϯ̵
ͷ
Ҳزڼҡϯ̵ڼٲãҲ㣬Դѧѧ
ͷҶ֪һкܶࡣϾֻūôһϣȻڼҲϡ
һܡ
ϯ̵ͷ̾Ǻðɣһ⣬ҪԸ⣬ȥɳǣͲˣҲס
֪ĶסҾǲڼвˡϯ̣һʼŲΪҪƭ߰ȥˣܵܶˣŷϯ϶ĸõˡ͵ܵˣû͵ܵһܹøá
ϯЦҡҡͷԶڼҵˡ
ϯ̸ǮҪڼ
ܼ򵥣Ȼڼδ⣬⻹ϯôԺ󣬵һҪڼˡȻϯ̴Ѱɽˡ
ڼֲܲӦΪǲӦϯ̾ͲǮֻҪͲϯ˦ǡ
˼ǰڼȥʱϯ̡
󣬾һбҪõöࡣ
˽ǧˣ˵˺ûȥһپƣ̫Ҳ¡ƮƮȻ֮£ǾĶǵĵңԶˡ
ΪĶʾ׽ڼЩ˲Ż᲻òǮ˺ǮҲҪֻһʼûŻԿڶ׼׵úܺ
ǵٻаǧˡ
ϯ̼仰̽˼̱ʾ⣬ҲԸԸô
ĶˣǾܾϯ̣ΪǸ˸йأֻܸǸ⡣
ϯ̱ܾƺ٣ʱʱʱϲʲôƴ͡
ôǸϯЦ
ϯĲĵʼϯ̸Ĺˡ
죬ϯ̴ڶִ˸ȴûȥңתȥһ˼ҡ

һţһӭţŰ
ϯҲ켸ȥֵ磬СڴˣҾأ
𣬿𣡡ַҿ˵ˣȥôȥץǧ
ϯЦȴҡͷ粻֪СҲûа취
Ц˵˵
Я߽ȥ


200 ɱ
ǵķӻϯ̵Ĵ̺Ҳ٣ֻ˼檣ûȢӡϯ̺Ľ̸ȻΪ˵ǰͺʶ˹ϵС
Ĵ֪ǰ磬ֻһͬĸȥˣʣĳģڲǼ̳ȴʤƼ̳˵ĵλ
ĵĸףҲ̫ĵܵܣǺῴ˳ۣ˳ۣǰӶˣתСӣڴĵܵһңʲôų⡣
ȴʼû¾͹ŮӣǹС㻹СұŮū䲻ɣҵúܡ
ǰϽһȺѣתͷӵ꣬һȺһĺѣ֮ǰһʹļһߴĵĵǶĵĵµ͸ˡ
ʲôʱĵû֪ϯ̻ɣѲ˹ϵ
º̻£ŮŮŮͶˣһ̣ϯ̾Ͳ֪ϱˣȵڣϯ̵ڵأ̲Щ˶ȥ˰ϯúõͻؼȥ
վڽֱĿԶȥ̻صУӡӲһգ˵ҲǴС߳ģΪĸϲϳӡ
Ǹˡ
ȥĶ
ȥɳһߡ۾һ
ĶҪҪѹ˸ƣ͵
һܴ谮³ڱһҲüǮġãƺ˲Ͼֳ˹ûҪһǰ׵öࡣ
̴ЦҶˣֻ³мֵ³ֻһĹֵǮ°͵ֵЩǮժǹֵǮĵطݡ
⣬ȻΪʲôȥɳǣ
̲ȥ׼׼ÿЩЩ£һһʮĶӡ
ԽҵĶӺӣֱĹʱΣҲԽ³ķ롢ˣѡ˽䡣
˿ӴƣȴһҰ֮ӣȴһԾ³ӡһһڹУ⡣ĵһαȽǿĵط
³ߣʵֵܵʣ³ʲôûУôԵóǣҲֻһš
෴ȴиĻᣡ
ڹ˴󽫾£ʱѾ
ǰΣֺλ꽫Ϊľûзǰһӡ
ιɳվ͸һᡣ
ƺɳǵĶٴһ㣬еǻѹ͵ʱֻҪѹ͵ֺϣ͵ǰǽֿѣ
⣬³Ҳӽһδص
ˣĻӦøϯİʾŶԡ
ϯ̻ؼҺ֮˵Ѿֳˣǰ͸һһ١
ԭҵ٣̺òװˣȴԼȥøϯ顣
ϯ̲ɵôϲ˵̲ģ
ϯһ·ִǮϡĻȥݷˡ
ĵĸǺܺýģŵһϯǮ鿴ĻЦŰӭȥˣϲϴˣ˹ǰ˵Щ֮£Ӱûϡ¡ĸһӵ˸ѧ³һȤ£סء
ϯæСҲǲȥ³ء
˶ʱϲ棿
ϯ̵ȥɳǡ
˾ʧȥֳǣҵھܽȥˡ
ϯ̵Ǹȥֳǣ
Цֳס˰أ֪Ȥ£
ϯѳζҲ벻ʲôϡȤ£ǲ֪ĹãȻҲڵһҲȥһɳ̫غ˸ڶŴκ˵κ̫Ϊ˾κĴд˴꣬κͶ㿪ˣΪЦ̸
ڶô˵Ȥһ㣬һҲûнȥ˻ƻ裬и˳˵˵Ͳˣôá
ϯæ˵ûϵָһЩǮôп𣿡
Цǵǣϻزи³˵³Ȥˣֻ˸˵Ƕˡ
ϯæҲ֪³£һ֪κ£뻹Ǿκ̫κϴȤ͵˵κκ̫κĴϣ
Ҳ֪ЦҲ˵ˣһ֪ȻΪκ˯
ϯĿɿڴٲı˸˳ȥվżϣﱧ٣ʵڲİһˣͰó˵С˵һ٣Ѱ˵մٺУ빫Ӵͼ
˿һۣЦϻعӼҪ·һ٣ҿš˵սӹ͸·ȥˡֻͷʣʴ
ϯæСϯ
˵Ҽˣϯذɣ»Ҿʶˡ
ϯ̲Ҳٶ˵ʲôֻþôˡ
ֶ˼գǱѶô١ȻһǮִ·ˣˣ·ҲŮлҲŮ˵仰ûܱȥ
ϯ̻ؼҺʧǱ߼òţִˣԼˡ
ϯ̼ţ˼ӣһʱ˵Ǯ֣һʱֵĻ̫࣬׷Լ֣Ҫ֪Ǯ׬ܴĵĺɷѹء
æԼˣҲϯһЩô˵Ķϯȥ֣һֶҪ
ϯô󷽣ҲһĶ뵽ƺû˵һξҪξһǻأû׬ٰ͸ƺˡ
̶ϯ̴Ӧȵġ̽·١һȥɳǣ̫أ̽ϢӦ
Ȼʮָл˶ٷ˿Ӹѹˡ
ϯ̿ٱ˵Щʿ¿ɳɣ
ϯٻصɳʱѾˡ
ϵĲݻģȴһսһաɳǸҲˣǰܿǵҰҰ˵Сˣһ·ֻ˺ӡ
ϯ̻صɳǺȻȥƺ
󽫾ҲϯһƺʹϲȻ˵һе࣬շתβȡΣֳصӼ黬ϻص˺ôȥ˼ʡȴִ󽫾ˣ
ùƺһȭڰϣúð
ϯ̵󽫾ݼʱ󽫾ӣҽ
㣬˵֮ϯ̾͸ˡ
ƺǰǵ˿𣿡
ƺʱһɱ˱ǣҲûϯ̵
֮ƺϯ̼ƻѳʿȫϻؼңӪĵطһ˶ûУΪϽȥǧūȫ汻Ҳϧ
һ׼֮󣬾͵ˡ
ɪ궬ĵһҹ˪ѵϵݶɰɫ죬ˣű£˭ûϵһ
ҲɵȻϯ˵̫ظˣ֮ǰ͸Ϣʱȴûϯš
Բֹƺ֪ϯҲ֪
ΪҪƺ¥ϵ˸ˡ
Ѿ˿ʮˣ̫ظ˲ŷ֣̾÷֪Ӫˡ
ҺƺҲһֱ׼ŵģҲɳǴıˣ𼴿̳֮ǰ׷
ƶ󣬸붪һ׷ˣ˰ūظȥƺǣƴӡ
ūΪʲôһʼЩ˰߸ϣְظϡɵǱϵɳ˵ǰʱӭǵȴǵǹ
ɢӡ
ܿܿƺɳǰ˲ԼıӱҪģ̫Ļ
Щ³ˣֻҪԽǾˣЩɱ̫أ׷ΪɱˣΪ˵Ѫǰ·߶ʮһȿ˹ȥ
һЩūͻͳǵ谭
ƺƴ̵ҲûԽЩǽֻ˵ʧڵƽߵһߡ


201 ͼı
󽫾󽫾治֪Ĳ֪ϯ̸ڽ£ƴԩ
ƺˣȻû׷ǳϡͿĻսһЩˡ
˵һԺʰô죿
ȻΪϯûŶѣ鷳ȴƺ󽫾˵á
Ѿ˶ˣʱ̣Ǽ죡ƺ
ɳڻǸǰһˡȻûгǽһӶӵʿžūƳѲߣھӪʱ̲סӪǰŵʮˣǻˣȥɢѪ۵ıϣеεڵأ֪
Щ컹Ӫеٽͳ˽
̨ҲվһȺˡЩ˶ȥ飬ЩӪǰвٶǼеӵܡ
ҲǹΥ󽫾ϸĸ
ôᷢ£ǲš
Щūʱ˭֪ǲǰػģͼƱģܿͱֹˡ
꣡
治֪ǹ˵Ⱥ鼤֮µķθ֮ԣ̾˿
ˣˡ벻룬ԸԸ⣬ƺѾƵˡ
ҲҲȰ׵ġ
ҡͷԳϸӣҪŸ·أ˷Щϡ
СЩޣƺɱЩˡ
òɱȰĶС˵˵ĶӣĿûѧᣬɱˣܲᡣ
ͲɱЩˣԺ˭ģ
ˡΪûģҪɱɱһɱʮɱʮɱһٸѲȫɱˣʣµľͶˡ
ɵˣЦΪ󽫾ֻǽгȥֻһͷΣţǸɱ࣬ɱ˵˵ġ
ʱ̣ӪǰѪȾˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ƺֹɱʮʱ֪ǿǸûˣɱ˵ʱЩһɱūʿЩͬЩʲôľūǹý˿׻ʶĶ֣ǸҲı
ƺһһٶԴҲû˵ʣµ˾͸ˣȫԹԵĵ̫ظȥһĳƺҾ¹򣬶ǽҲѸٸĻ̫ͥصӦ档
ԼҵĲԸع¡
ȥķѶҾٴغϵһ𣬻صҺ˵С
ȥȥϯ̱ͥԺʮգÿճԵĶӵϵùڿֻϵ¶ˮ綼һʮȥǱһ⿪͵ƺǰæĿͷģ˵һӾߡ
Ŷƺܰ𣿡
ϯ̵Сľô󽫾ʧˣ
ƺ͵˰ϯߵĻ˼ңϯɳûС޶ֻһլԺţԺͣżʮҲмʮƥÿ̴ĻƽʱȴסÿһأͰǮǣҪʱǹ
ɳȻƶ񤣬ֵĵطȴ٣Ů˺ܱˣڴʳңü졣һûУֻŵ͡
ͿȻߵĻΪϯֲ֪ˣȥˮҲף⣬˺ͿȵȾͺá
ϯѾϴҲ·˴Գ˿ɫһ֮⣬Ȼû˿ʮĥ
ҲҸ˵̫ҪСͷȥȥɣλ׳ʿԣ
;⣬һһˮ̺ϯ̺˳Թϯ̶͵Ҵȥһˣǻɡ
̺꣬ԵŻôȥȻȥѩǰͱˣǱ߹ɣҲʡ·ࡣ
ƽƽĳȥˣϯ亹ֱղſòƵĿ⿴ͣΪͿʲôҪɱڣ˲˿ǴϼҴģһҵֶҲб˼ÿγţҪ߶ġ
Ц˷ģҲɱ֮
ֻҪ̫˵ȥһɣպ˳̫صϿֵܼͣ˵Ҫ˵ɫء
˵Цˣ˵ЦˡϯĨȥ亹
죬ǻ߰˰ˣϯ̲ٵȣҪһһˣǱñ߸磬ȥ˵䲻ˣǾͻˡ
˺Ǯֻ˵Ҫȥһ⣬ԽããҰصءջص˵һֱ
ǣǲǵˣ
ϯװ£ôأվȥ
գ˰ϯӲ˹ȥ
ϯϰ£ϻӲţңӵɭɭĻ治ŮޣȴǺᵶӡ
߾ϣϯ̾Ҫȣϯȴȸ״ŭ빫˵ãӶʱҪȸһҴżСӳɳǣڲˣôǴ㽫ҵҪ߹ӣĹӸϵ˽ãҽڹӼУ˻֪ػΪұ𣡣
һˣļеһ֪Ȼ̴̵ϻҲ˸Ǻϯ˵ʶ̣ͨΪʲôϯ̸ˣԭʶ
ףϯվϲĻ֪Ǻãȥϯ£
ϯ̲ŭҺϢʱˣȻҪˣ
˻ᣬֹ˼ϯ̵Ĺϵֻ£״ȵʵû¾ͺáҲǵ©ӳʲôϢ
ϯ̾ͻɫ˵ƺ˵£Уƺǿһٶˣٶ࣡
ʧɫôˣãŻûأҲÿ
ϯתھ̾ǰҲһʱ֮ôˣɳ˶Ҳӳ
ϲ
ϯ̲µɱֻǰ롱ԭ϶˰ˡ
ϾҪˣȥ껹ǹȻظϹд鸣˹ȻϹڵһѩ֮ǰҪ񣬹ڡƥ󡢽
ҽǵһΣء
ӦúȱǮ
ƺȻܲûб·Ǯˡǻƺ٣ûʧһԼˣǽģޱ⣬ֻҪһΣӦĹƷˡ
Ȼ˵ȥһΣϯ̵ģţȥôðʧˡӦǸһ㡣
ϯתӣĵ֪̫ظһһرֱ˵СΪͺܺʡ
ЦŰϷʵ伸Σ
ϯָһ㣬Ż֮ꡣ
٣ɵĹ
³֮Ů

֪˵Ϊժǡ


202 Զǿ
ĺһһĹץ²׸ģֻԼҲһǳ졢˷ܡԼ£
ת˲侲ʼɡ
ɳΪʲôиǸС̫ĸСеļСĻûü޳ȥ֮⣬ֻѾĹˡֻҪǻŵĹʮˣֻҪţ̫ܸһɷһСѵñ³ʲô˼޳ȥôɳǣѵ޸Ǹɳ̫ˣ
ϯ֪ûϸժǹ£ֻϡ·һ䣬֪ƺģûôˣ֪Ҳں
棬ȻҪ˵һ㣺ͲΪ˵ˡ
Ǹժǹˣ³߰˸Ůѡ˵Ⱥ˴³û취ֻȰѹԶԶ˵
ߵɵø棬֪ʹӦϯ̰˷ֳӣһȥ͵ˣһɳȥ̫ظ͵ҲԻڻټӦضֵ
ϯ̸ظ֤ģʱҾ̫ظָ·ֻҪߵʱһ߾С
ѵʹӴ˲³ˣ
ϯ̵ҵ޶ûˣʵҼԭǡٰϯұҸϳֳǣȫҸɢĲһ˵ᣬ׶ֻ޲ܱʲô
̶ϯ̾ˡĸϯ̣ؼҺȥڼºʣڼŮΣ
˾͵룬궼ܰĸòϻؼңҹҹᣬȻǸˣ
˻ϯ˸ӣϯ̱ԵòĶҲڼҲҪǮǮҪ˸ˣʵʵĵŮ
˵û£ϯͶһ̥δȢҲֲء

صĶ磬ʮʱѩӨѩƮɢȴĲݴԼ䣬׺ڷ۵Сϡ
֧س۵糸ıɳǡ
Ƿ·һ·ֱȡɳǣһ·ȴҪȥκأߺֿܿˡ
ݱ˲·µһŮˡǸŮ˯˼ҹȻʹҴҸˣڶ֪Ҫȥ
سߵò졣Ȼܲã˶ûбԹҲ׼һ·ͣͣһȺǨܵҰȺһ󣬳˺ü쿾
ΪǳģЩͰЩǺˣЩ˵ĴԲǴܣǴˡʱܶ嶼ū̫࣬Ƕ첻ܸɻҪԵö࣬һ׶ܶǺòãʱһȺȻҪģβǻûʱһأ
ǾͰ˵׳ӡˡһЩͲСϵһյأܣȻȥԡ
Щۣ˭ץĹ˭ģͿǼҪģֻҪץԺǾԼսƷˡ
ЩҲǿץ˵ģΪǶЩץūȤֵúãֱӴūҪҪɱʹãԡ
һ˾͸жʮūһЩ֮⣬ЩܸɻģһŮū
ϧûץɽˤˡ˿ϧ˵ʱܵÿһ㣬ץ˿ϲ㣬ͻץ˶㣬ˣзӡ󣬾ͰǷŽȥ̺㡣
˵ҲĶܵõͣǿȥ͵ܵܡ
ϢʱͳԷʱϲ˵ȥϯ̵¡
ĸ׺𣿡
ͷá
ãǺ棬̽ʡ
˵ɻ·Ҳҡϯ̵ģܺá
ô˵Ҳûа㻳ˡ
ɳǵʱһѾˡһǱߴӵҲߵһС֮ӣܸĸϲܴӸĸ̳Ķ٣ĸȻǹ壬ȴ֪ʱλڲڣֵܶƴҳ·
еȴ̫֮Ĺϵ
Ը´ȥˣʾɳߵע
û֮ǰѾϮɳˣǺȻɱһҲĵطͷŻݣȻƺ֮ǰߡ
ӪؾǵһεĿ꣬ƺ֮ǣһû͵ˣǷŻӪԭӪնּûʳܣ˴롣
ƺΪǿЩֵ̫̫һɱйߡ
ϯϢΪһ˾ˣôͻȻôˣԭһආ
ϯ̲Ҹùֻ˵Ѿɳǣֻƺһ£͡
˪ˡʼڽʱһϲɫĸ緹ͥԺСϣվ¿µˮ̶ҲݶʯСˮϽһ㱡ıôˮϣϸܿεѩۼ
ÿһնһɲģûеԵӿԿԶԹ˵еÿһС仯ֻҪģһͣЩرȻ֮¡
Ѿʼ͹ܶණˣڶһԿݲݡһ̦ʯͷվסͰ졣
Ժ쵽ʱ˶ҲŻˡ
ֵ롣Щ⣬ž͸ִĵӾ硢ššһУ
ҪȵĻܸںӡˮӡװװ֮вࣿ
߰һԴһ̺ͥԺת˼Ȧֱʼ˵̫䣬ýȥŻݡ
Ȼ·Ȳ裬ʼϿΡ
˵ū𣿡΢Ц˵
ūǸͨƣΪūԴܸӣ֮⣬ļûдūϰˡ
أҪûٸūǾûˡ
ǰ嶼зء
зؾҪǣȴϿһЩԣĹ壬ر¹С塣
½ʱܳŵסպһһĹƷҲǲò塣
ˣʵҲãҲãǶʶ¹𡣵ֻγһѭС嶼ȥˣԽԽ֧ԽԽ࣬ǡ
ĲɱȰצɱһˡ
СǶŲƨˡ
¹彨ǵԽԽ٣ЩûзصС͸ὨˡûзأûгǣûڵİգҲûи˰ū
ôأ
ǾͻȥʼЦضеɫˡ³ĴҲСǮջ¸ǶǰյģСҪֱ쾭塣
Ǯ˵ūأ
ūģҲġ
ūǮҪ㣬ûнֵǮȴȽ鷳ռط
ǼҪū棬ƽʱֺū鷳ʼعūūǺձġ
صūаū˵Լ֮أŮĸߴ󣬷ɫѩףҲ³ˡκˡ˵ȣūǱ֮ˣˡ
أ糿ǹ壬ϾͱԵūǺܳġʼһЩ˻ᱻɱ޶ȴпܳһ˵ū̾ңûҰˣǵİվū
صƽҲ٣ʣµļȫմ壬ͨѾʧˣǲǳū뷽跨˹塣
ǡǵİվͲᡭѡʸ̻ȥһ𣿡
ʼЦôûУصİţûУֻԼӵǺʲôͬǾǵ³Ҳǵū
ˣл񼮡ȵȼᣬ³ܵ³ȷʵҲֻܵū
ʵϵɽҰӣѾûˣץǵĻҲū
緹ʱһʼص̫ظˡ
ƺʼѾ̫ظһ졣
ʼиˡ
ˣ⡣
ʼͳһֻСӣ⿪ǽƵףʲô˼Ϊǹ˵ԼҲһ⡣
᲻ֳǵˣ
ֳǣ
˽䣬˭ǧ
ס
Īǡˣ
ʳйصˣ˽䣬ˡ
ľʳֻʳ˽䡣䲻ַʽʾҪ
Ǿˡ
ֻǲ֪һʲô⡣
ףʼ˵Сġ
ʼһд⣿
Цҡͷֻˡ硣
ڻʲôǿͼ
̫⣬Ͳᱳƺ˵ĿӦûϵϵģҺпܣƺˡ
ֳǡֳĽԪ˹˵һɱοڽԪҪһˡ
ҪԼˡ
Ǽ·ˣͽһҪ潯뱨˻ĿҲ˵Ϊɱˡأ
֮⻹ʲôأ
ӰɳԶֳǣһһ겻һꡣ
Ѿ޷Ӱ콪Ԫǻ
Ӱ쵽ġֻʣ½ͽˡ
ҪȣôԶ
Ǿǡ䡣


203 
ʼ߽һѮˡɫͨ£һϡĺӡվڽǰ
ܾò㻹𣿡

̲һ˼סˣҲ˺ԡһɫǵ㲻֪˭ܰ쵽ʱԡ
ǵмЩʳʱ±ûôʱ̣Ϊʶ˶࣬Ե
ʵҲ֤ûˡ
Ȼ㣡̾
˵˵ˡ
μ棬ֻ̺һǵĹһˡ
½䵭úܣҲںڶݵʱ͸ˣ߻һЩӸ˵ʲôҪæסɳǱߵһǽķ￴ŵļˣݣڣֻҪ¿ţļ˾һ
ߺʼɫ仵ˡ
²죿ʡ
Σա˵ҺܿõĵطӦ˵ܿҪˡ
ʼһ̵ĻҲ˵¹ȥ
ǡ
ʲô»أʼЦһ˹ڶѣڴʱ˿̻ðǱĻԸһѣҲˡ
ɳǡڵ˿ɲģǵĳϵã˵òǵ֤ͨҲ
ֳǺɳصֳ֤ͨǲ֪Ǵ˭õģɳһҶĵطһʶƺ
ʼˣ
˵ܰ﹫ӳȥתһ룬ΪҪߣ
ĿǰûΣա
֪飡ʼݺݴһȡ
Ҫô֪ˣҪôҪʱݾߡҲгϵĺЧ
֮죬ʼ˼ΣпԺη
ڣɳڣɳ⣬³ڣ³⡣ָͷһ
УƺẦζƺһģ˿ƺĶɱѻƺأ
ҲƵɳڱƺȥҵǼϡ
ʼڵ˽ã׳ƺġṦΰ˲ԴΪܣΪ٣ʼ𶼺Ըǰ̫ʱЩǶô壬СӡҲƺƵòòɢȥѱǡ
ԭʱȻ϶бʵЩУֻΪ˲з̫ŰԼֵµıָˡϵģĴ˭Ǯͷ˭Ĺܡ
ʱڵȻû⣬ȥ󣬻ƺΪʱƱ仯òϡЩ岮еı岮ԼġΪڵʱúǱסģǮȴԼġһҪЩԼģڲϣιЩǮҪ͵ġ
׳ʿ
ǲġ
ҲΪʲô˲ƺ֮ûģ侮ʯǿⲻԭ
֮ǲôġǻƺҲȻġ
ƺɱȴɱöࡣ׺¥ֻʮˣŮӣûбף޼ڣʿҪȡ練ơ
ǣֻҪᾯƺͿԡý˻ٳˣҲȥΣСģҲýġ
ڶֿܣҪɱɳ֮⣬ֳ֮еˡ
ǣһС̣Ϊ̻겻̨Ԫ˵ıο̻ûеȡ
ڶԪ⣬벻롢˭ôеɱͬģ̽ȥ̨Ҳ֪ͬҵ¡
ϵ˼ңֳӦûɱõôˡ
ֿܣ³֮Ҫɱ
Ƕָ˵ƺͲңӶпܻһ֮
ʼǸô죿˵ܵõֳǵϢ
̫ԶˡҲ
򵥵İ취ֱӴƺߵ˴̽
Ȼץ˾ͲٷŻȥˡ
ͰͱıĴӲ׺¥ϧıһܵ˾סԺԺǸĹܼסģĶӾ͸ƺߡ
Ͱ֪˲ϲɻϲ˯
ڴ´ڣܿͰǸ˴гˡ
ͰͣЦָͶˣ
Ͱ͵ﲻǰ￴ӹﲻܵõʲôʹͶš
ʱ丮Ĳ춼Ŵ󽫾ȥǸŮڸ˼ˡ
ܼҵĶҲ֮һ
ͰﲻԸͰ;͵ֵĵط
Ҳ˵Ͱ͵ﲻڣһȥĲһ˽ӣ˵߰ɣҸͰ͸űߣɴ¶԰Ͱ˵㲻Ҫ֪ﲻɣҪˡ
Ͱվס½ڴ￴
ʱѾ˲һ˵ĽˣʰͰͣǹģô
Ͱҡͷֵͷһ໰һ˵³ӡ
ѧ飬Ȼ򣺡Ŷ
֣СĪһֻţǱžһϣСŷ
ΧһȦˣֹǲ׺¥ˣеˣȫŽǱﲻͣһ֣
󣡡
󣡡
С
ССС
һߵʯѽ
׺¥ʱ˵Ϸˡ
һʼֻǲ׺¥棬־óĽż˶Ŀɿڴľ˸һˡ
Ǹˣʼڴ߶Խ˵̫̺ˡǸ˵Ķӡ
һۣһŹһˣǡ
ðɡ˵ɡ
ץ˲ص㣬ץԺôƺɵ׺¥ͷϲ⡣
ȻһֱΪһֻ񣬵Ҳðա
ӺܿܻӭϷϼ򵥣ֻҪǻţǹؽڴĥ⻬Ϻ㣬һֻӾͿϷˣ߰ˣ˶ٶ档
ңΪһʼ׺¥˴ʱעͷǳ󣬺Լٿ֣עС˶治ò̼
ϷľǸ̼ǿǳɶѵĽԼǰһѴһСĶԾܶԼһˣǸշŽڴĽתۼҪȫͳȥ
һһؼ䣬ûֿܵգ
ܿ죬ΪǷ¾޶ծ
ƺ֪ʱѾΪˡ
од˵Ķӡ
˷ֵͥԺǽǣ֮ﱻͳһʣԭһӮˡ
ٶʮӡƺ̾ô˵أ⺢Ҳˡ
˭ɱеĽأû֪Ҳû˳ϡ
һСӣʲôҲ֪ʲôҲᣬ˭ɱأƺһ˲仳ɹܿʹͷΪСʲôҲ֪Լɻϸȣڴ˵ķҲӲû֪ʲôأ
ûм̡һˡ
ʼҴȷʵôһ֮󱻴󽫾ڽжʮգ֮󽫾н˵˼仰ŷˡ
ӦǼӡ
˵ͨˡ
̵ϢǴһ˿е֪ġƺµģºпܸϱɱйء
Ǳܵɳǵɱġ
ˡҪһݵūҪ˰ߣƺȷʵˡ
ֳҲаɵˡ
롢ֻҪ˻ˣһٶɵһɳ֮ã
Ͳֳ˿̾ɳ˳ۡûɾˣΪʲôԼأ
־ƺûôǸˣ˻̨
ǾͲصˡֻҪϢ͸ƺͻᵲЩˡǶˣֻˮ㡣
ʼǲܴ⡣ɣڸɢһЩԣƺֻҪоѡ
áױ¶취
˵ƺȵĻ˵ˣȥϸӣ
Լȥƺ໤ͼı죬˵ץסһβᣬԼΣͲ㲻ϹϾڸڸױ˽ӡ
ʼͬȴ˵˹
˵д׼ȥӭܺùسǳء
ԼֻʮˣſƲȫȴмңлϻм¡
ʼֻ˵빫Сġ


204 
ѩ£ɳڽ˺
ġֵվ˿ƶʿ
˵Щ˶ҵĲ
ϳʱ˰˳ɶûЬӣɵ¿㶼Уֻвɵ˴¡
ֻΧĳˣϴټףì
ǰͷʮˣϴƤףнмңŹ
е˶ƼݣվںĻмʮˣ˵Щ˶ǡˡ֮ꡱ
ڳϣʼ˵̫زûǳԱ
ʼ˵ǻûжǵļأ
ҡҡλεĶ
̫ص׻ǴӦȥˡ
ûлʼһ߿ų⣬һ˵ҶкôЦϾˣ˻мġ
ڽݵ鶼ƺˡ
ݵĵطԶλɳǣҲһƬҰ̡
̨һ߼̨żͭ
ʼ૵û뵽̫ؾȻá
ͭеȼ㣬еĲ֪ʢˮʢžƣһֻͭǶѵðĹ
̨վˣͷһԼСкֻһ鲼ഽڣһϯϡ
³ʱſͶصĴ
϶ǶӲ˪
Ȼûһӡ
Ӧϵĺˣǲ֪ĶӻﱲֻܲһӰɣ
ߵ̨ǰ֮ͱʼʾͣҪ򣬲Ҫݣż̨ˮƾͿˡ
ͱɽХĿһں
϶𣿡
֣һΪ㱨ģ
أ
Ѿǵһμô޷ˣܵ˵ȽϺššɳǿΪˣ͸бǰŵ˼õԼͱ񲻼ѪͲˡ
Ǳ߿ޱѪһʱڼ佪ҲϵĴƤվԱ߿û˳˻ɱˡ
ϳʼ˵Ҹղſˣղ⸽ӦöɳǵˣͼԹֻ֮С
³Ҳˣ̫Ҳкôû취ˡֵ¡ʱڣľ㣬οɳ˵Ը񣬸ָ翳ջˡ
ɾҡڵվһСʱ߾ʼǼһϲëСڣҲû˳
Ҳǹ˼һͷﶼĿ޷Ⱥɡ
ͻȻͣһ£˽Ų
ʼƿӣ⿴һۣ
ȥһͼղŵСкڵ߶ĳһ¿ͷ
ʼҳǸм㲻˰Ѷ鶼ƺͷˡ
Сء̾һԺҵ£ʲôһܽġ
ȥ·Ҳһֱƽ
ڳҺˡҲԣ⡣һ˵ٷֹ֮¶ǸǻһԤģ˭ĿĿ϶
˼ҲɵԴ˸аգͲðմӡнˡ
Ҫ˼ķͱ汻ô졣
˵һǧ˰ٵȷġԼˣԵࡣ
ȣǸˡΪҪȰŰǣΪ˿϶ĸŮûбֶΣܻܿһɱ
ЩǮ취쵽̫ظЩŮȥȻҲпܻᱻ𴩣Щ˲ʱ̫ظɱ̫ˣսپֻҪڵһʱӳȥͲ¡
ʼȴΪһпܱɱĻЩˣŮˣŮֵǮƷпܻץȥȴץȥ
ΪˣҲпܻеļˡһҪô֤Լݣ뿪ʹֻ֤֮֮ˣһȺ̸ֹǡ֤֮ȽãҲɫ
ΪðܻʼЩˣ뿪֮ʧȥֵˣǲߣƺ֪϶Ҳɱǵġ
ǰѰǶ£취ʼǴϡ
ӰͰ͵ĿУ֪ƺ¢ɳǵһУȻҲɳǵŮˡúõŮƺ߶ܹûûд˵ϰߣҲûŰ˵ȺãϲɣǸŮһΪŮ̫٣˾ǱƺˣʣµŮ˿ѡʹˡǶҸɷ򣬻Ҽɷ򶼿ԣӻܹȥġ
ܱȸ֪á
Ӧûɳǡ£ӦòˣԼɳǵ£Ѿˣȵţǲߵġ
Ӧ֪Ǹ˭Ǹֺƺʲô⡣ʼһǾã̫ز̫ܻùƺڵһжΪڹܼٽ蹫⼸̴겻ˣأ
϶һֱŹġ
֮춼Ƿƽ˾
ֱҹƺͻȻ˳ȥˡڲ׺¥Զһ˺ܾòʧ
ҹ·ǺðյģѾʱܿҹ·ģ˶ҹä֢
ȥ
ʲô
ֻ֪ǾáһֱȵҲҪˡ
ʼ˳ҹˮʯϣȽɱ˾һ㣬ʯϾͶ˺һ
Ͼ汻߾ˣߵĻҪһµġ
ûֻһЩС塣ʯֻһȵӣλϷᣣʢ͵Ļȵȡ
ĪԴİһЩ۵ӵȫˣȻĥɱľľȻֱ̹ȥҲɱġ
ժһ춹ӣһģõһС춹ͰǴδϣ֮ױߣȴᡣ
ְĥ˷ۡ
ڶ죬׺¥ﻹһ糣
ֱ磬һʼʼ˵仰ͳһЩǮʱע⵽ɫˡ
սȭͷƽ˵и
ɡˡ
ƺҹȥΪ
Ŀֱӽȥ˷ֵ⣬һ޵Ĳ
ҹ̫Ѿƭ˳ȥϯ˵һȥټܻʱˣ
⼸ϯǧټƵ̫׷ӵָ̫زڵʱǴҡڵĴĸۡڸеĹ͵ߣǻǺεȿ£
ϯĹǼ٣һϯƭʱһŮ
ץ
һȥ֪˵Ǽˡ
ϯ̸ʹ˸ɫǰͷ·룬빫ʱ䵱һС˵ӡ
ԡںĴӦˣҲŲһʱ䣬һǰǸҪϽ˹֮۵ļ*ء
߽ˡ
Ĺļʵ׳񲻵⾹Ȼֻ³һ̫صľӴ
ϯ̸ͣⶼΪɳҶǼڴ˵Ѿ̾һٶˡ
׺¥Ҳ񡣹⻬ʯſһ̵ֱ̨£ɫ̨ϻź²
߳˲ӣǴɫĳɫݺ֥ٻźƤͭ˿ϵͷ
һˣϯ̾Ͳ
ɫʱѿ۹ֻ̫Ҳϲúܡ
ɡһ˵
ǣǣϯ̸Ͻ߹ȥ
ȴߵ̨ףǴӺƣЦʯױ˲ǲȹͲˡ
ϯȻеԾҲܿ졣ȫͬˣû߹·ͲߵĹ
ƵˣǸֻϯһ˽ȥ˵ӾͲܽȥˡ
ȶʮ˾͸ܽˡ
ϯ̲æǡС˵ѣõѣһ˵վҪǮ
Ǯֿ̧ӣʲôҿһЩľͲҪȥˡ
Ȼǵסľ䣬ϯ̡
ϯ̵䱦ֻڹǰ򿪡
ʼ֪ˣˡֻ²˵³
ĪԽ˸ĪЦ˵ҿûԣ˵ģȥɡ
ʼÿ·Ҳֻϯ̺ȥ
һߣƺɲ˵ֱӾ׺¥ȥˣ
ĪЩ˵Ŀǹ
Ǳ˭
ȲҪǡǳȥ󣬿ǻ˭硣
ǹŵԥ
ƺû˵ǾͲسҪԹ֣Ǿɱǰɡ


205 
ӴڿԿ׺¥ǰվŵĶʮ߸ˣЩ˽϶ţƤЬȻؤ࣬ɲСǡ
ϯ̧̺ųصľڼʼǰľڵ⣬ǡ̫󡱡
ܾˣϯ̼бǰ᲻ᵣıİȫ
ʼĪԶ֪еĶпˣǲŲҼŭǣֻ̧߽
ƾ˵ǰĹŮ˲֪ж١
һ
ҲŮµĴӣϲλĹֻԶԶĿһ⼸λȴҿǡ

˵Щµū֪ж١ǡҲȥ
ǣȴǰպ󻹿Ժͬһңĺӣ
ֻҪ뵽̲ס˷
Ѿѹ׸ˣҪԼ
ӽûлɹŮǹ
齵һǣˣŮΧ
ǽһۣƺڶʲô
֪Ϊʲôˣȴҿڡ³˵ϯʾæԶʱʹ빫̫ԶҲò̲ס
СۡƤܰףһٳšͷܺڣüĿ΢΢ԵúܲýӽĴϵ׺ſ֬һʺɫ
ϸԺ᳤úܺá
ٿϵ·ƺûкúЩ̫Ȼǳֻһ廨˿ûʯ˿ϣͷֻ˿ϵһߵŮŽҲֻŮǹ
ֻ·ƤëǺö׻ã
쳤ʹϯ̾Ļð亹ȻԹΪ˵һٸҲƺĵϰѹߡ
ʱаʱһ֮һҪȥ̫أһ״Ҿûˣ
ϯڵ²ͣ·ðͷˡ
ſڵСһһ¹²죿
ϯ̺ҴӦܻĶҪ̧ͷҪǽͻˣתӣһ취ùǣͿԺ˵İѹץˣ
úúãҪ˵ʲôУ
ϯĵ׷˸ۣĵеģ³ҲУܸģ̫ؿ϶ҲԸøֻǰѹսƷ̫˵ҵĻʯ
˲֪˶ãѾЩˣ̲סϯ̣Ϊʲôǹȥ
Ǻ͹ȻһڣߣڶߣмԶء
ϯ͵͵̧ͷҲֹ鲻̫á
Ϊߵ˺Сĸ˵ǲϴǸǽ˹ڹǰͷеĶԹ˵ʲôȴһְͷϣ˻ȥΧ˶̲סЦ
ʱһ˿һۣԹ˵һ仰ָǣſ
ϯ̸Ͻãȴ̲סͦţ
һ£һʼһ֣˶
Ǹǡ󣿡
ūǹ壬ʵʱܿһ˵ΪֹԱߵһ˾˿η壬ӽˮ̡
ң̫ˣһȴһ쵽ūѪǻúܺÿֻѪȴôԹɫֱֹ˺ҲЩ嶯޴̹ˣ϶ôǰҲ޹ش֣
ܾе㼦ǡû˼ҺãҲ˼Һá
ʼͷӦǸˡСҲúܲܲʲôҪˡ
˵ƺ֣ǲץ˵
ʼһ£ȷʵпܰˣܲվŵǶʮɣЩˡ֮£˸
ܵ૵
ΪʣƺӦþ͵ȻЩıٻ¡
ͼ˵󣬶һָǸߴ˾͹Ц˵Ҫ㡣
ϯæҼѵĺӣ˵ġָָָָ䡣
ϵĵͷ֡
ĪԿϯ̣ȻǾһȥɡ
ϯ̾Ҫ̧ǸӣĪԵסһ򿪣ҿһʲôȻǾô͵ǰһթ
ĪðձͶ֣лߣ湫ȡһ
ϯ̶ϵ亹ðˣĪԿһ˼󣬾뺰ˡ
ĪͻȻ˵һ䣺
һ㶣Ȼˡ
漴ɵĿϯ̣ѵƭ³ĹΪʲô˵Ϊʲôڴʱ˵
ĪҲһ˵˵Ϊʲôô
ϯ䣬ҲΪͨˣ漴߾ˣҲܵŹ˵ʲôֻüϣҪڴʱɡ
ˡ
Ѿˡ
ϯ̾Ͷˣڲ֪ĹǲģǰǲǽŵˣֻƭԶһ㡣ֱʱлĻֿ
ǣĺĵ˵û˺ı㣬һ˵Ļ
ϯ滳ˣ
һ⣬ƺҪˣȥס죡
ڧˣ
ĪѸٺˣҲˣҲòʲôˣͻȻ˵ҲݱʼѾܵķ䣬Žϣ
ȵȣץסҪȥʼ
ڧǵ˶࣬ǻ
ʼЦŰ˻ȥתȥ
ǲм䣬ſںʹߣֻĺɱֻš
ʼܻʱܱԤϵĶá
ϯȥ죬һ߿漴УȻȥڸղ˾ʱĪԺ⼸˸Ϲˡ
Ӵ򿪺ȴһ
ĪΪУֽȥͣʲôҲûͿĪ԰߷һأһѵһûС
Ѿ˻ˣ
թ
˲ö룬һһߺȻ˫ûĪԵҲſֽźȥҲڳˣȴˡ
ܵ죬ʹĪԳһȭٿ⻹֪սЩ޳嵽湫ڵĵطͻˣչ˵ľĶϺݺݴ˽ȥ
ľһۡ
ҽеؾ̻ȥˣİС
ĪԾץסţһľ̾Ĵ̽ȥѪܿһ̶
ʼ˶֪ץסţв˷ſȻ̾Ҫ
Щ˺֪ûҲһƵģԾɸʼǲͣĴ
ʼǽ䵽·硣
ʱʼע⵽һ£ΪʲôЩܽʱ϶ˣ
һʼжʮ߸ˣڡȴֻʮһˡ
ʼץסĪƴȥһߣ
ˡ
Ҳ͵ػԲѡû취ȥ׷Ǳסӳȥ
šһ˵
Уˡϯ̵Ļ˵ǽʱûпϯ̡
ұţ
Ѫ̫ˣֻȶ㵽һ䣬ˡ˺ᣲѪǲͣðܿͽʪɴʡ
ʲôһ˿齱߰ŵľƺһڣǾơ
Ƿȥ
ȵƣܶһ
ڰĻЩɥԶô˳һ˺춹۵ľơȵģҲ׷ˡ


206 
ˣôˣ
ƺŵʬ壬š
ǵģǳȥʱЩ˶ӡվŵȫѪۣǰѾеĵ
ҵĻ
һֱϯ̵Ļ֮Уϯ̺뿪˾ͰϮǶʮˡ
Ƕʮûģڴһֲ֮ںҲѸ
Щڷֵ˺֮ܶûսŵȫӽ˲׺¥
ѸŶ룬ֹ¥е˱úܺãǵĿȴѾˡ
ΨһָľǱǴ¥ץϯ̣֪ʲôʱȥģһҲĶˮСǷˮˣˮ**ĵ
ϯָŷڵϵʬ϶˵󽫾Ǹ
ںмסˣһϯô˵֮ƴ׶
ƺָ
˹̨¡
л˵ƺʡ
ֻɱɭɭĵϯ̣ϯ̶㿪ߡ
ƺ໰л˵˵˵һϯ̣˵ƺ֪ܲɳ̫أϮ󽫾ҡ
ϯ̲˵ƭңƭң
ƭʲôƺ˵ԩ飬˵ɡԻ˵ɰ󡣡
һ£õϵ̾мŽƺǰ
͵ñϯ̣ƭңѵȫˣƭҺ˹Ầȫҵģ
ϯ̸Ц㲻ǸҰ֣ҲֻһŮ˰ˣ
ô˵һӱñŵ˵ǡܵأҲҪ𣿡
ϯһڣŮļ֣ҲŲϡ
Ϊô˵ĻܸƲϵΪΧһ
ۺᣬŭĺŽУ
˫סϯ̵Ĳӣϯ̵ˣͷ³һƺ֣𾪵ķƺҲߵĻженȴϾ
ϯ̡
ϯ̵ʬǰȥᣬصƺǰд񣬡ҿԲҪҵԴֻ󽫾Ұѹʬȥ
Ȼԡƺ̾˿Ҽӵܺ󣬾ͻࡣ
һѩ׷ɵĶգƺϵĹǰʬױ£ŷڹײߡ⣬ȫĹǰͷ
ƺ壬ʬ״׼˳ַ뿪ɳǡ
ĪԵĴǰѾѹˣ˵صһʼ˵ΪŵģЩ˾ΧӲϳʱѾιȥˡ
ĪԵһֻƺѾˣһֻ۾ȫѪ׵ʲôҲ߹ǺҲйֵۣҵβۣҲѪĭ۶Сˡ
˰ʮɴߴ߳ĿĪԵĸ䣬ϺļճճԵĻ࣬Ǹ۵ĵطáʯࡱ̶ˡ
˵ȫ˰ڲ׺¥ﴦ˱
ƺƺæű£ûչΪͽܵ׺¥ΪˡǸ˺ܶŮ
ûͣʼֵܵЩˣеɵˡ
ʹһ¥˱ˣȥǵºˡ
ʱϢ
Σġ
ҵġҵĶҵĶ̫ſڵϴޣ޵
ڵⶼ̫Ŀ޺
վ˰ʱֵ˰׼СӰ׹ᡣ
׹««̽·ġ
һվߣĶ˻һ̫ôû
ǲǸСū𣿳úãڴҲ̺̫˳˳⣬ɱƯġܸɵĲûа
Ц̫鰡׹ֻЦĵСô飿Ҳ̫ģҪƾ͸ζˡҲ޹һӣ̫˾ͺˡ
û˵̫ûôס
̫ǲ𣿡««׹ô˵ǵҡͷ
ǲ˰һֱڿޣ۾Ϲˡ׹̾ͦͬĿ««
««ʵΪ«ūֻǴҲҽ֣Ž««
µΨһһӣ̫ӡ
˵ʵβӭȢϵһ󡪡ҶףҲ⡣
ϲҲһֱֲĶΪ̫ӣôĶӾͻ̱ɱ
ݡ̫δĨĨڡ
£Ȼ֪ʲôʱĺӣֱºʱ֪
ͳѺóӵ˳«έС
͵͵İѺּ˻֪Ҳûа취ֻĸΪ«ū˶֪Ƕ಻Ҫӡ
˵««ʵĶӣ͵
Ҳֻ˽˵һ˵
Ķкֻܶ࣬һǵ̫֮ӡ
««С֪Լܴϲûиͬһϣ仹ǱĵطԼ
ֻҪҲ̫ڣ̫ӡ
ͽȴûܰңҲԽԽ˳ۡ
««֪Ѿٵȶ೤ʱˣֻҪһ
Ȼϣ̫ܻñõġ֪˭֧
̫󲻿죬Ϊ԰׹˵Ϊʲôǲأ
׹һҪ𣿡
ʵ֮ǰɳǵĹϵеԸ˼ɳǾȥ۸ɳǺǿӲˣҺҲǿӲˣ
׹ֻǰ׼Сӣǲ뻨ԼǮԼһг豨ġ
ǡ
ΪСӣҪλֻܼϣպ««λ޷ܾ««
룬׹ֻôӦ««Ҫô̫أ
««ҲӰ׹ᣬ˵ЩƣҲԶ࿳³˵Դʱ͵̫ǰ֪ҲΪľͿˡ
׹Ͷˡ««Ҳֵֻ̫Ҫ̫Ϊ˺ܶˡ
ǣڴů֮ĵĴܵɳڵһפʱʱĴ˳ȥǡ³ˣܱ񶼿ˡ
ɳܵϮţƺΪ⣬ӽǽ·˻ֳǱţҪǮҪˣ˵ĸ˰أɳǴòˡ
ڼЦŶԶ˵Щ̫ʱˡˣƺûٿŸҵıˣڿɺãɼȥıˡ
Ȼ𣿡̾ۡ


207 ף
ɳǸץ˶ץˣһȥ㵱ʱûץߵģҲˡ
ƺĸܵôžڵץʱһܳʮڳǵ˶ץ䵱ԼġֻҪǲСĳҰ⣬ûڳ˶ᱻҰץߣеĵŮ˺Сɱ⡣
ʹɳǷԲڣ޳
ƺǲ̫Լ׵ôģ֪ȻмСʧˣÿϽ˰ʱҪ⼸ǵ˰ȥСǽ˰ǹֱ񣬿ֳǵĴҲ֪ĳѾûǼˡ
صڣʼһ£ץ㹻Ķˡȥץ˻ûôþʧ˽һˣȻ°ɳǵı˻Ҳ㲻СЩʧ˻ǳʹĵġ
ֻˡƺ̾ʼˣҪūֻҪūֻҪǰ˨׮߾Ϳԣܵ׷ū˰׷ģͲҪˡ
Ժȥ˹
̫˵ǡͷɳǷ˴£ߵ˶˹룬ʲô˰̫ˣѵðǮʧİ𣿡
ʴȡƺЦ
ֻҲд֣̫شִʰɡ
ƺֳǵĴ˵ɳǽͲ˰ˣΪɳʧء
ȻʹľʹӦˣӦˬ죬ƺдʱرߣһͨˣһͨյֳǹ壬˵롢ҰģѹСС򣬻ǶɳǺһЩȻȥ͸״
ƺдڽϣùܾ˰ҲۣΪӵĹ̫ʹӦû뵽Ӧˣֳŵ϶һͨ
Ϊʲôűϵɳǵģ
ƺȥֳҪúôһ
£Ϳʼˡ
Ӫ޽ɳǳǽÿһ춼ܿȻʿǣһУʮһУƤ׻ټ׵ʿǰŵЩϱֲˡ
һģֹģģһֹգ𣬱һһ飬ҹͣÿһ죬ͷھӪǽϣƺվڽ̨ǰĶԽԽӣЦͷ

һʿ̨վ൥ϥ£⵶⽣󽫾е
ƺһ£æʡ
ûй죡֪Ǻˣ
жٱ
һӶ࣬ɳʮδ̽ã˵꣬Ͱͷڵϣ󽫾
ƺҼĹͷȥɣ
ðһ亹Ͻˡֲ̽㣬һҲʮܼ̽ʱ˳ɳѾˣֻ֪жˣȴ֪Щ˶ǴģɳǷж⡭̫ɱӺ
˴˸սڹܴ󽫾ҲĽˡǸǿ˵ԴˣǿԼ˵Դ
׹ˣԼˣ˵ǡҾߡ
˹ȥǸСˣҾͰһ𣿡
ˣ㻹˼ҳǧ˴𣿡׹Ϊ³ǧ̫˷ˣһȥūôҲٶˡʱ˼˰һΧܰǶ
Сͬˣ˵Ҫ˶
ɹ㣬ʣµҪȥ̫󿴿ɱˣͷ
һ·ϵҰˡ̶ɱ˳ͷˣҡҡڰɳǸų̽ײɳǵ̽
ߵ˵ɱ𣿡
ԥһ£ɱɡ
Щ˾Ͱƺһ̽ȫˡȥɱ˾Ÿ󣺡һ
һѰ˼ȻпܱˣҲܰɣǴ˺ˣ˴ҲˣҪǰˡ
ƺ̽Ҳټˡ
Ȼգƺû£ű˱Ӫײһϰʿ£˴ϲһЩֻжɵϱ̴ϮȥɢȺ󣬸Ŵȫˡ
ƺ֪Ϣ׷ȥ׷ˣһսˣƺûռʲôˣҲûԶٿûֻܲɱ˼ʮܵආˡ
ֻ˼ʮūĴ۾ͿһԴȻʮַ⡣׹ϲٽ
˲Ҧֻôȥһͼ⹦ɣҲҪȥ׹ݲãҲס˷ƣֻ÷ȥ
Ϯɳǣõƺײţսˡ
˻صأԲȥս׹Σһ鷴ܣɴһȥһΣҪҲһһ
ҦʤͼܣҦʤͼ͸ΪףҦͼȥһˣʤһΣ˾Ժˡ
սɳѾֹꡣ
ƺѾҪ֧Ųȥˡ䣬øְ취֧˵ý͵͵ֺˡͱȥˡ
Ϊ֧֣ų̂£룬ŮĹɳǱߣ󽫾ѵȵͷ
Ŵһγѿ˼ɳǵһôأ
ڲ׺¥Ѿˡ
ȥŸܿ͸ϵɳǡ
Ǵμ棬ֽˡ
һ꣬ɬһ֪
ˡʱ;붼ٳĸıͳɳڱİˡ
ֺϹû
ȥڰ춼û˵ŶԷߣֻҴ۽ǼʵĲ׽ž˵Ӱ
˵ģֺϵѾˡͻȻ˵
ǾͺáͻȻ֪ôԴˡ
ǡͷֺ֮ӪЩֺȥˣȻЩ˾ͶˣǻңҲҪֻҪǮʳҪҪĶǾͶңҾ˻ǽֺϡ֮ǾͶˡ
ɱˣϡᡰЩʳͱ͸ָˡ
ôԺֺϵ˺Ÿ񣬾ժǹʱЩΧڽһع
ΪֻΪǹ
ֺϣ־ûйԹ£Ҳһ
ûôе˵Ļʲô˼
еıЩΪ׸ˣǽĹ֮Ǹе
˵ģᡰЧҡκһֺϵļ壬ֺϵĴˡ
ֻҳϴ
ôˣȻ˵ż£ֻΪЩ
˭ʳΪ˭¡Խ챣ңܱżҡ
һڣֺϾˡҶֵ֮ҲĿɳŸͽӣֻΪеıһһԾǣʲôҲûЩ˶ԸԼܺ顣
ֺѾķˣٹһꡭ̵ʱ䣬ֺϿܾûһܳΪջļˡ
ԣ˵ĶǶԵġ
ʲôʡ
˵ɳǡ֮ǰƻܲܳɹ֪ѾҪˡ
һɳǣ˵͸ƺô˵ġƺƺҲͽ֮Ĺϵӿݣżţһɳǡ
ڣˡڽƣվɳ֮С
Ѿһˡ˿ڲ裬Ȼ̫ڴʲôܿóƺһձһոϡ˥ܡ
εѾ͸˴󽫾˵ȻҶٳڵֺѾˣֺϷ˶Ҫȴֻȡ裬Ҫ¢ֺеˣʧֺûЩ壬ȻҲʲôй棬ԸÿֻϽݵķֺϵҲԸΪѽʳһļ۸Ҹա
֪䣬õֺϡˣЩȴǶиԵĳˣȴÿһ˶м
򽪼
Ǹʲô˰
ɡ˵
ͷ֮Ҳûлˡ˵Ҳ˵Ǿţһֱ˻ƻ衣
ƺ뽪ȥԷ뿪
ʼ߽䣬˵̫һֱΪǱˡ
š˵ȷʵڱң𣿡
ʼû˵ʲô
ӡǡж
ʧһЦ߽ɡ
ʼ̲סеĺ棬ʵԺ󡭡ô죿
ĪԵҲ̲ס
Ƕһ£Ǿ̫ڲ֪䣬ʧȥеƣǱΪΪ̫صĽɻ̫꣬ؾҪŹɫ˵ˡ
˵һжΪƺô¡Ϊֻǲͣĸ̫
̫һֱڸصĲ֪ʲô˴򡪡Цģڣ̫꣬ԵĵʲôˣȻû֪
ҲǸɳޣʱʱһˣ̫شһܣȴӲսҲһֻҪռ˱ˣͻ̳ˣ̫࣬Ǿܵøˡ
ֻ̫һֱһֱ򣬴ñƣȴ޿κΡɳǱֻңɳɳǡ
һֱȥǸʲôʼ֪ȴֹסǡ
ûˣѵҪý𣿿ɽӦֺϣɳûϵ
ʼԸһ֮
ʼĵͷҪʲô
˲裬ˮֽĥī
ʼһʵʱ׼ͽӲˡ
ָͷ꣺ֻЩ𣿡
ʼҡͷȻ
һͻȻʲô̳
ӭϹ۾˵Ц
ɳǴ˶𣿡ҡͷʼ˵𣿡


208 
ƺˣⲻսûɸʹڣɣ
ѣֻһأôҲҪ˭ڸɳԡһߣɴһģһΰǱ߸ȻͲˡ
еıѾûжˣֻʣһУǡܰ׽裬ҪǮģֲԼǮҽҪ
˵ıǿⶼΪй
ɳǵı߽ˡʼָǰ˵
ڰµʱּγţɳǸһƤϡ
Դӹ͸һ˼ǵľҲˡ
û׳־ʧȥϡʧȥ֮Ǿ֮ˡвмѪǻʲô
վ֮䣡Ի
һ仰µȼǵѪ
ɳ겻ǳǣǾӪԶϱʵǵפĵط
ƺĴ󽫾ΪԲģΧɢԼжʮ˼ңӦöǵ֮ˡ
ȻĵطǾӪϱл֮أǾū
ɳ˼ľûͨգзסģȫǽ졣
ʼ˵ǿкüƬ½ķӡƤϻ˼Ȧ
ӦǴ󽫾ߵ¹ˡЦ
꣬ɳǿǱöˡƼĽūʳΪǾۼ˺ܶصصˡ
Ϊɳǵˡ
Ϊޱ⣬Ȼʲô۶׬ġƺǮʹǮʹʱֱʹͱҸ˻ݻǮ
ԭľ˲٣˱ƺģսģɵĲȥµĲȻûˣƺȻҪ
ѡ˶ҲȻĸ
ĸͷɣȻҪǴݡūŮˡϾǵѪòˣȻҪúܣȻ˭֪һأǲ
ɳǵ˾øڿˡ
ʼ򼸸ˣôһƺߵ¡ҡͷشֻҪ֪ʲôʱȥ򣬸ʲô˴ִʲôˡ
ֻҪ˾ˡ
Ҫһѷ󽫾ūǾǾū̫࣬ҪϽ֡
Ҫʳ̫࣬ǾҪܵԶһ㣬ıһ㡣
ҪҪĹײİ࣬Ǿ˶ˡ
ʼˣЦ˵Щȥ¹ףЩ黬ף
ӦѾǱ׷ϢĴҹˣҡҡͷʧһ̾ҺͿˡ
ҿպɡһ䣬ʼȥˡ
ͬ꣬ҲҶ˵Щ
Һûǡ
ЩЦһǣȴôЦˡ
ܹΪˡ
ʼصĪڣΧһŸƤϸɳǵıֲӪںδںδںδȵȡ
һĿģȴ̲סͣ
ǻ̰ԸʲôĪʡ
˶Ϣš
ʼ˵ϣ֪󽫾ʱʱӪʤǰܡ
Ƥϣָ˵Щ¹Ƥǳֽ񣬴Ӧס
ĪԺ㣬ʱѾ˸ҿ⼸˿ԡ
һ¼ƲߡҪ˵£Ҳ޷ǮȨɫЩ¹ȫūֻԼǲȫˣһЩʳһŵġ׵úܡ
¾ͽˡĪԵһ£ҾãӦ湫׼һ·
ʱһ˳ã⣬˲ʲôȴܳ¡
ʼ˵Ѿˡȴ˵ļƻʲôҲû׷ʡ
ʼǷһ£ƺֵͶ䡣
ڴ󽫾ֵ£󽫾ֵ¾ҪսҪϦڽ󽫾ֵ¾ڲ׬Ǯ
һأҲµЩˣƺҪдǣһȥЩ˾֪󽫾Ǹõˡ
Ľ֮£ñ֮ġýߵһɣЩ˶ĵģһ׶һҲԣŽ󽫾Խ٣ԼֵǮԽడһֵ࣬Ǯˣ
ʼѴ֮ҵмˣûȥ˵԰䣬̽һһǵƷԣʱܲΪ
̺ˣһֱǣΪƺٶƥϺõ
Ȼǿģʱ䳤ˣܶ˶ˣҲ֪ܷÿضǿһߣò಻١
ɳ󽫾ƺż󽫾ҲʾԼԮ֣̰ˡ
ƺ֪Ȼ̲סȥһȺ㽡ĺ֣
̣
ôֵɲңΪ**ݣֻҪ̫ͲõǣݳҲصķˮйأأԺҲʧȥԡ
˵õɽеҰȺÿκԹɽɽˮˮСؾҪȺӾͻΪҰ޵Ŀ֮ʳ

Ұɽ֮䣬Ȧõ׷ȺͬȺͬͬУᱻȺΪֵͬܣɵȺеѱȺЩֻ뿪ȺȺȥˣǺ͵ѱˡ
һ۾Ϳƺʲô⣬ȻҪҡͷ˵ҲǻԵɺϲܵõһǽҪüһһӣҲøЩ
ƺЦ㼴ΪЩĶҵȻԿ
Ȼֻϸٳ֮һļ۸Ҳ
ʣµҪˡ
Ҳ⣬ƺҪҪģմκݣ󽫾Ҫ
ƺȻȫЦˡ
ҲֻһǮֵġ
ȴټǮˣصоʹ˸Ͻʰͳ
˹첻ѣǲŸջҪȥ
̴ߵκָ̫κֵܵԥǾ˵Ϊʹ̫ٲ³ǵģһȥ׬Ǯˣ죡˴Ҵʰˣڶʹȫҵˡ
ƺ˷̼ҵݶ͵
˹Ȼô˵Բġ
ſݶ˵ͷ˵ͷĽ鶼ȥκôƭȰǮȥۣôгԲۡһϵ⾭ͷԵģԺһ˶ţȺ̫ˣ
ƺŷģݣһϮˡ


209 ݹ
һ˼ڿҰ졣
ǡֵԶһĨƣд˷ȥƵĿݲӵߡ
һʿһʯͷϣϥϷһž٣ʮָϲ
ˡ
һڳϣҡͷԵ衣
һһ̫ʵǰһѻƶȸһһȻһٸһ
ʶһ֪Լƭˣ̧Ⱦߣ
Ӵҵ衭Сֹ˾䣬һڵϴ˸Զˣ׵߲طԻƶһһ
ʼ
ҲС˵˻ƶһͱˣƨ̫
ָ˵ҲˣҲƨ㻹ƨɺء
Ǹ⡣
ֻһüַˣ˵
ԣɻӵиɣԻƶƨ
ڱˣǰӺߵһ̴Լѩȥ
һֱһʱֱӰб߲ãӲų𣬱ϳߵ̴ʰϯ¯˶˳˺꣺
ܻ߹ǰϽеĻƶ׳ȥŵѰүƨɺԽƳĺһඡ
ڵţûһĿĵء
ߺһ˳
ˣٵӺ̴ӣǸˡ
ϣϰɡóһƤϣðЩͷ֮ýʣǮһ£ƽʱҶڳϷʱ˭³˭˭³˭ʹ˭
ǻҪôãܾƭףרû˵ĵطµ٣ָƭһ֪ˡýǳʳǺ·̫
ԽԽˡ˵ˣʱ۾Ϲˡ
ĳõˣóܽˣɡǵиʫˣϵƺǵϵĻݣСϪˮʯͷȵȣкܶǲס֮Щˣ˾ͰߵһжˣﶬĸֵܣԼϣסʲôطûԷˡ
⻰ȻҲü١
ʶҲкöˣǰؤûôˣڰϵҩˮϴˣֻ°ͷã·Ѿֱۡ
˵ʱմԡͰЦ
ܱѪˡ
˸պŻ·ݣЦ졣һֱڣЦ
žΪһʼ˵ҪǼµǮôһƭnʱȻǸ⣡
ڣˡ
ԽԽˡû˵ԽԽˣдֵܵط𣿻ܱײ
ȻҪУƼˣǵļƻʮʮɹ
ǣأ
һߡ˺ºͣ˵ҡ
걻˫ˮƵ۾һֱеĶӶˣͷֱҵͷ
Ѿˣͷ⿴ǺӺҹĻ룬ȴ˾һ˺۸ʤϾĺڡ
ʵͦõġǵü縸ĸӼ͸ڻִ߽СʱһֱΪؤͷ׽ֱҪǮءҰһЩݵҩ˼ңΪƭӣӴ˿ʼûʵϻôһûôͻ˵أ˭̵ģӴ϶ͻ˵ѡ
˵˺һǰѻϵġĵǶ֪Ǹƭӡ
û͸һС
˺һǻ·ϼģҲǱϼģյģӸĸġ
ӼԺǾϻˡ֪Ժһûֵָܡ
ŲءȻһߣ϶߲һ顣
ˣһʼ͸ǲһ·ˡ
һ죬һ᲻ðɣ
硣
ڶ죬磬ˡ
Żǻ߰ĵӣšϱƤˮȥˮԽԽԶԽԽСС˿˿Ƶꡣ
ҵһǳϪһһӣڿӵʯͷһˮϪˮעӣסԴͷٵ඼ڿӵףſʼװˮˮȥˣٿͷˮ˼󣬵װеƤˮͷѾúܸˡ
ųˮظϣҪߵ˲ͻȻһ
ˣȻˣ
̴ܣܿ쿴˲ԶԼĳԻͣһһƥɧǼҵ
˲ȥ˭ڸһͳȥſ˫ۺȣ٣٣
һ»ǰҪס
η壬ڵȥҵҼҵԶһЩ
ִȻͶˡ
˺Ц̧ͷڻԼҵСܵܣˡ
˺һŭȥһ룬Ը˵Ϳ۸Ǽҵ
ŮӺϡһͻȻ廰ٿһѮĳӣϥٵһź١
˶Դ˹һ֣ƤҪ֡
ҡҡͷ̾ǿϧ˸ղӣϷжδ٣Ҳδ֪ˡ
ѶϣҲԭ⡣˶٣ʼ۲衣
ȻȡɽϪȴˮ֪ʱô˵ŲԵСߵϪˮҲܴӼô˰ɣ
˵չİѺòȡˮȫŵԼȥˡ
Ȼӳȡһչޣ͵ǰЦĴ˵Ѿûˣţɣ
ʧЦͽӹչ㣬ݸӣҲӹһţ̾ðײ裡æˣǲ˶ꣿ
ЦԼһʮˡ
ֻһƲдĲ㣬̾ãȻģˮҲõģȴһ˵кܣֻơ
ʺ߾Ҫֱˡ
ȥ
˵Ĵߡ
ӵǵҹ۹˴ҳôԾֻ⼸ˣ
Цϼʮˣһô٣ô;
ҡͷӴԲӡڼ磬Ӵңȹ⣬ǶౣΪϡʣôߵ˴
˵˵ز̣ƽཻ˵ع¾ĺ⣬
Ӱ㲻ɣ˵̾ǰףӣĳҲ
һЦϳһԵټˡ
߳ȥʮӾ׷ˡ
ˡ
ǾɳǻʮѲ̡
ɳǵˣԼҲǶ˼ңʱ˾޻£ɢΪˣŲٳּۣ米
ĸȥʱҶûܸϻȥ˵ۺᡣ
Ҳ˵οĻֻǾĿ
۾Ҳʤǧ̻عžԼ˵̫ˣԳһЦӣˣùӼЦˡ
˵ֳ֮ˣ˭Ц϶Ǿӻãʳ֮м˻֮ΪȾأ
̱û̩˹ֵҵһֳʹӼҴ
Цһ£Ժݣֳݱá
ֻȥɳ̣ݹӶ·ȫߺôлأݹһ̡
һʣݹӵȥ̼翴һȻϲⶼˡȰ˲żǰɳǡ
ɳǳǷ˶ǮݹӵĳûôˣһӣסߣּݹӸǮǳȻۣ
֮£ֻöݹӵ͵ǣȥѰȣݹܴĥԲɫοֳ̣޵ܵģֳҪ
̶ţ۵糸ĴŻֱ󽫾ۡҪ󽫾ɡ
ƺôΪʲô£нһԭǸ·ĹӱˣʱǶ£ͽ˽˳ȥ
ݹǰƷȺֺ裬ɲҪεĻ͸ƺֻˡ
ƺ棺εǮ׬ˡ
˽ݹӴӳŴۿһˡ


210 
ûϵƼˮ̾Ȼľܸӡ
뿪˵֮󣬶꣬˼̬ӵ飬Ҳֱ׵ĶѾǸˡ
֪ΪʲôȻй
ףѹһһŵˡӰڼбģ壬ΨһľǹǳĬڸ߸ߵ¥ϣԶԶŹš
ԼյҵʱҲкöһֱ̲סšǽͷڴĥܾãǵõʱǿѹµĿζ
߶ߣΪò
߶ߣΪеǣҡ
ʱһȥ֪ڳжߣʲôˣܰһǸСŮ
һ꣬ǽ˸¥ľ
ֳûб仯ͽƺԽԽãΪʲôҪһժ¥һĸ¥
ʱѾû취ٴӽ̽ϢʢֶθݣҲݡȢ֣Ůȴڵڶ͹ˣ֣ڳ⼱һˡƫ֣ϣ嶼ʼ֣ϡ
֣Ԯ֣Ȣ֣һ正ӳ谮֣ϱǰ䣬﷮ҡ
֣һҰģҲ֣һȥ˷ϴң֣ܾԹ޺һٽ֣Ͻ֣˫ڸԾ˺֣˫֣ˣ׬
֪ĳǸԶʤʢҰȴԹԾãضŹ
ŻϵˣܵǣĴǰᵽ˳Ұ
һգ֬Ư֬רãҪȴȳҪ˵öࡣȻҳԲ𷹣£ϱȴҪȢģЩֹϲСҲ͵͵֬ϳûһֿ԰ͷȾڵȾϣ˰мҴյүףڷǸļתס꣬Ǹס꣬תһȦôȥ
˻ʱ̲סβòϽܵļ֮⣬ǽ
ֻҪ˷ֻǴ򣬱˷ֻϾǻҽǾǰȫġ
죬ӷǻ·ȥһɽ¡
뽫춯Σ
ʲô۵ҽǲô죿
ȥ͸˵ʵȻһȥ֮ǰŻҽǰȥһСͲˡ
ô˵֮󣬻ҽŰ۵ڵϣĿڿʼ˽ҪТﶪµ˱ʹģ
޿κΣ޲ߡ
ҽ޲Ҳ˿࣬ҽ궼ʮˡ
̨ȥ˵ʮꡭҪǻҽһһ䣬ÿ˵Ķһ
ҽһһֵܴСˤͷһֱĲ¡
ףԴͻˤģ
ҽţһֵܣʲôһģɱҲãϲпڿͷҲã㶼Ҳܷıۣ
⻰˼·ֻҪϰҽܷ뿪ˡ
Լôһȥ֪ٴϰ̫ûˡ͸浱ƨˡ
һūҲҪȥҲ˸ҽģѡ
ūϲ֡
ҽֵȻò㣬˶ҲһһģһߣǼɵȫˣ˸ˡǴϰɡ
ôһʣ»ҽԼˡ
Ȼϻҽһϳ˵Ҷʮˡ
һҹȥֳ˼ꡣ
֪һͱˣģҲ£Ҳϧʱһžˡ
һߵʱҲŲǡһȥһǰֳʱȴŵȰûΣˣͻȥǡ
һ·ֳȥһ··ϵ˶˵ãã뽯СమȤ¡һжãǴôõأ
ֳǲ˰꣬⼸ڻҽѧı£һִ߽ҽȴǻҩҩһȴҩ
ٲ˻û˴
ȻͷֽͻȻˣɳлƽ糣ǰʱջڣֻʲô£
ͼŽֻص˷ǡֹ£ֽ˲
֣˫ȥ󣬽ûȢޣģֻСŮСкظ֡
Щ˵Ȼò
ӱ޸ϻֳǣʾصֳǵ֪Ѿ뿪Ѵı˽
Ȼ죡
ǱУȴ´֮ǰһ²ԣûֳǡ
¡
Ѿֳǡ
Ժ뿪ֳǣ
Ҳȴҵ롣صǣҵ֮˵ľӴҵ˶ڣϡ
ڷһЩ׷˽ټգѾĹ
顣
Ѿ
ȴմ㳾ۻࡣ
óǱʱŽߵʱѾ֪ǸֻܿıߵСˡڵǰҲˡ
𽣣ȥֳǣȵתҰûȥǣȵ·ȥֳǣ׼ʱýһǴΪ
ֳǲδԸƺҲûĻɴĿ׼˹㡣֪ǺԵʣu빨ǰδе£˽ڽѹ£ҾȻû׷ʧ¡
׹еƱʲôƺǶ˹Ƿģ㵽ɳ
֮ǰһҽǺδ㡣
ҽĿڵ¿ʼŻҽֿ޵簡㲻ܼܲﰡ
ǣֻܴһɳˡ
ǵǽȥҪôҹأܺ氡ܲ󽫾ǰһվ˵Ҫȥɣ
ôϣ
ƺһ;Ϊˣжʱðһ
֮ǰһֱôŹ꽥Ҫô¹أ
ֳһֱûʹԹȥĲ˰ķ飬ֳȫ׼ˣ׳ŵֳҪǮҪˣֳȴˡ
Ȼֳ֪ǵĴԹǳ軹ǲ裬ֻҪ¹ֻҪ˵ɳΪأԶ£ңͿԶõ
ǾҪҸɷ
ƺûԼҲɳǵĹݱϾǲġ
ǡʱݹӾôˣôɵƺϲϲأ
Ŀɿڴ
Ǽ󽫾ˡ
󽫾һ棬ʹЦŰ͵ǰˡ
Ƿ˰Ĺ⣬Ű۲ĵģһٷĹͼˡ
ԶԶĵıӰ̲סԼ
첻


211 ʥ
ʼϳһҹȻֻһۣʱ񣬵Ϸ£ͻȻֵˣƹľʶɱ˽룬ǰҪĽġ˲֪ٱ飬һ̶
ԣȻ˵Ӹһȫͬǵһ۾ϳˡ
ƺֱףǴ͸ˡ͸г衣
ݹӲǱˣ߾ʹ޸֮ˣ̵һв¼ֻ꣬˶δ֪οˣɳǻ˵㣿ֻҪ˵ûѰһʬ彻ȥҲ׾١
Ҳ֪ߵδػỶӭôһڹߺ衣
ʼɨݹһۺҡͷ˵ʱˡ
ʼϳҲûô򵥾Ͱ쵽ǰ
ƺģаչݹӺԻᶯġӣ˵ɳǣֳֻǶδ㿡Ĺӡ
ĳ͵һȡ
Ͳ˸õȡ
ʼһ˦ȥˡ
ˡ
ʼҴҹ˶ߣ˵仰
ʲôˣҲѸٽ
ʼ֪ô˵ҹ֮󣬹Ҳûһ£ȻҲᣬοڹǰᡣ
֮ˡ
̶ˡ

ܸӡ˵ʲôԲģֺڵģϡڻ
ϺͽڶϵˣȴΪвʧȥˡ
ȴԱȴ˹ȥ
ںܳһʱ䶼ƭԼֻʧˣΪûʬ尡û˵˰ܻ
һͻȻðɱ˽롣ºֲš
š
Ϊʲô
ǶԵģѱֺαϱ¿ຣ
Ϊʲôˣ
˺ܶ࡭⼸꣬ôģ
ʵֻһĴ磬֪ʲôӣؤҰˣûûм壬ֲֵؾ̣ҪգǾֻؤĴˣϦ
Ϻͽڻţһ̰ͳֳǣ͵뽪ԪԶԶģظʵ飬ǵͬ⡣ڽѾˣٹһʱ䣬ɳ˵ҲԲˡ

ʼֹЦˡ
һɫ˵ǽɡ
ƺԵõĴӲ׺¥ղһߵ˶ٴУأԴӼݹ֮ϾʹЦˮһ˫۾һֱϣˡ
ֻҪڣ뿪ɳǡ
ΪֻǲܳءصֳǣݹӳٺãҲȢġ
˵ڲ׺¥̨£죬󽫾ˣְ죬˸ϴЦƤЦⲻЦģ°رɾ˰Ǵˣһһĵط·

ðɣ͵Ҳǵһ һһЩȽʲôĳǣΪ˾ͻ˾͵£Ҫû
һȫˣūҲѣ·ʱôԣһԺ¶ˡ
Ǹ°ͲҺӵ˾ͺٺЦȥˡ
۾ֱˡ
Ϲһ£û۾һգСĸϹˡ
СʣǡⲻǴĵ𣿡ǲǸ
̾ʱǡôղǸ˵ЦϲɣµĴˣһġδ䣬ѳˡ
ϣ
ÿ죡
һϣ԰˵һȰ
ˣ쳤أǸӵóָ
һ飬ͷˡ
ֺٺٺЦ
ǱߣѾѻȥˣϸһȥȷһϲľȻַһ˵ľ˵žͱϵȥˡ
ʱ󣬻ϻһ£ûʣͷð͸ĳˡ
򣺡Ŷԭϴ谡
ϺٺЦһֱſڵûһҾûҲһָŸڵзˮɽȥðɡ
Ͼͽȥˣ̲סˣ֪ûϴ϶ΪˮղеȰȥ϶ΪɾһѾͱͻҪɾöࡣ
һˮã϶ϴһ˻һˮ
ٵȥˮøкһ磬ҽˣ
溰ɡ
ȲĽȥˣѽˮϴһ谡
һͰˮѾˣðֱӾˮģһ߶ͷҲϴˣˮ͹סͷ˵ͷͷҲҪϴġ
Ѱһߵͷˣÿ𣿡
˭֪Ѱͷһ̾˿˵ͷҪꡣ
һӾҪϲ֪ʱǸӵѾˣԾס˵Ҿ֪СҪ꣡ΪǸͷҲʭӣû뵽ͷͦɾġ
ͱסֽţ˸⡪ëˡ
סһߣΪʲôëҲҪꣿ
ӵ˯һŴϵܵô죿
ͬҲϴûͨİ˳ԷĵطóԵѾϺˣ͸ʣ˴̲ˡ
˵óԣĥϸϸ棬ģĨͺΣأ
̲Ҳܴ࣬˵Ͱģڻϳúܣడûȹ˾ֻһֻͣһ֭ûˣȫմˣ
㣬㡣ŹҲֻʣˡ
ϻڳԣ
̰һѲˡ
ϵ԰ɣѾˡƲһԡ
һһʣΪʲô
ĿһۣٱȻһԼģֻԡ
ˣԼٿϵͷҲԡ
ƨͷһƣһ
Ѹں߽ȥʱ򣬲Ծľ˽һҷͷ͵͵ġ
ġǸ˵Цһ£Ǹܺõˡ
ǰǺܺá
ǵһֱŹҲŹϣһˣǡþһҲܺãΪʲôһҪҹأ
ǣҶԸҲԸˡһֱ֣ôô
һЦǸŮӵ
ֻἸǸ˾ͷǳˡ
δЦ
롣ŹѾˣûЦ΢ЦȴЦ
ԭ˵ֳɢԣôΪ֮ǽԪɵģ㡢uԿΰ뽯䣬ңȻڹͷu֧£õ˷ǣ
ҶԴĬϵġ
һֳǵƾ͸Źˡ
ͷu֪ǽɱĽ롭
ѽﶼˣ̰Ϣ͸ͷu
ֺõϢؼ꣬Чá
һۿһĵһ߽
Цˡ
ƺĻ˵̫¶ˣͲֱ˵ůˡҲӽˡղ˺ü裬˵񣬰ʾԷġ׷󡱣ﰵвҪܡ⡱
ǣʼǶе㾯ˡҲýһ˵ͳˣٺ¥ײʲôȫĵط
վüġ
ʲô֣ʡ
ѹµСΪѡ
ѣͺһɡǲǻһλϺӣ
ͷʱҲǶ˻ϲܵþȡ
վҪúлл
һæ˵ɣ
ǰҲҪǸѾ÷ˡ
£ʱȷʵǵлĺʱллϣĲ˼룬˵ȥȴлһлϣյϢˣл
һ£ͻȻߵ˶ϤҪȡǵΣػعߡȻһֻ̹ǻ֮С
Ҿ͵ȹٻ
֪ᶮЦȷϢ죬ϣһҪ
Ȼƺ뿴ΪɫԣҪԸȻݹӾûмڲ׺¥ˡ
ƺֱɱˡ


212 ȡ
Ǹˣ˭
СʼĪ˱ܿˣľһ
ҲŹᱻɫԡ˵
ֱǲ˼飡
֪ܲƺ˵⣬ֻϷĻҲûϵǶóǸ˵ġ
м˿ʼе㲻ˡһʼ׷湫̨һǸжڹĴ壬о˴ûȥժ¥ûгʳ㡢һԸվڹߡ
һǲѡȻ
ûɡ
˶û뵽
ҵɳԺ󣬾淴ˣ˶ûзʱ򣬲֪䣬Ļһձһպá
ڣѾʱ׼ȥ׳ҵȥ˭ô˭ɵӡ
Ƕ֪ԼѾʼˡһոµ֮ǰٺúø硣ŵǿվ
û뿪˶Ź
ǵġ
˵ûΪŮԣԺܻɷ򣬻ӣǹĺӣһúøģ
ǡһֻһˣ
ͺǰͻȻһ󶴣̿֡־塣

ʼĪǰʶ̨طҲǡԵ֡
мֵԺףǶΪ̽
ųĳЩˡ
ʼͷ빫ǰͺʶŻ㲻ɡңǸΪ
İҹȣյǧͶ֤ԹһƬġ
ڰ飿ûڹϿ飬ֻʧõϲá
Īָϥǣ㣬ǰͷ۾
ʼ̫˼Щ£ͲҪˡǰĪŮˣʮа˻ض֡
ȴҪٿһ
Ī˵꣬ϥǰͻȻ˵÷Ǽ
мΪ̬ȵĸıͻȻηѺȥƱػӰˡ
Ҫָɵͬ飬ֺݲġ
ʼ̾˿ٵȵȡǻ᲻׹
ϺͰס˲׺¥Сʹסһ𡣵ҲûʲôɱԹģΪųƽʱҲܻæԲһȦأ
Ҳͬסں棬аԾǣҪصߣڼŹˣȴֻÿȥϼΣȻ󻹻Լﲻ֪ڸʲô
ϴһ죡ס
ɿܹӹֵĲ˷ɿĴͥԺܵס
ڰ϶飬ǳЦȥŹϡ
Цö˰ɣ⿴Ȼд۽ܳȴվͥԺⲻҿֻԶԶߡڴڶŴԶԶһҾǴ۲֪ù»Ǹö㿪һĹѾˡ
ģŷȣԺͷֳȡ
һȻǹ˺͹ŮǴۡˣѵķ˵ȣһ٣̲ˣĵȲǻϺͰǴǡԼ˵ȻԶһϺͰǵȣһһϺͰֵ֪طԷԼȥǵһҲԲ
ñһ㣬ÿضȰʳﶼ͵ߣȻӵ
ǲҿӣͥԺ̤㣬ᴳѳԵûȥ
ڷֻϺͰ͵ʳ֮̾ȥҹˣߴ۲ܣԵģҲܴܣɱˣڷٶһ㡣
ҿ㻹ڣϥ£һһһ
ѾסһȥˣͻϾûôԵˡ
ǳҲ˵Ҳһñһ̲ˣһĳĸ̾ɲа
ǻ̫ûλˡ
Цҵģд㡣
ͻȻòͬˣ񰲶ˣٻ̻Ȼǰʱ޷һȻǹûûûûļһɵļһ
Ϸһġ׷湫ֻǲ֪ж١
ڻǺ𣿡ʼ
ʼ˵ٻһ㡣
Ǿôæɡ¶гģѾ͵ˣ󽫾ת־Ͱˡ
ԡʼ˵Ϊ̫죬һЩ˱Թû׬ǮڲֿȻȥ͵磬Ǿûü͵̫ࡣ
󽫾ҪˡǰͬҪġȻͻݣҴҽҪӦļƻ
ʼսȭͷ˵ֻû취󽫾¡
ż˵ںǰͬƺԡ󽫾ѾŲȥˣͶͣսĻᡣ
ʼһ£˻ôģֻƺԽԽҽҪҲԽҪԽ࣬ɳǵҲԽԽ࣬·ԽԽ࣬һжǺõİ
Ѿˡ˵ȥӰҪÿζɡ
Ϊռˡʼߺ޵
ҲĿ֮һҾãûǮˡ֧Ųȥˡ
ǮʱԼǮֵʱš֡ԭԸ͡ǮȻǮȴǮãΪʱݺū
ƺޱ⡣
ҲҪлƲ
׵ãʿ䣬ƺûһֹͣū䱦ȴҲһսԽԽ١
ʹʹƺӱȥɳ˼ҵı
֮һɳǡ
ɳǵıҲȡ֮ߵġ
ƺɳǵıյԼУֹĴȥ
ǧټΪ˵õɳǣΪҹͣĴ̣˶ûˣѼҵ״ա
ɳжأȥĳǶˣݣҲˣΪʲô
ΪԭˡʼȻ
һıһͣʱ˵
֪ʲôʱ򣬵Ҳƺһڵʱڵ¶š
һбø죬Ҳϡ
ɳʱɳǵĻΡҲ˽ɳõ뷨
ԣŻ߷ƺ
߷
ɳǵĻζ˭ӵıζȨƣδǶҵġ
ĵǸ⣬һʼǴ˵ģĳһбøˡ
ýĹӦƺҰģˡ
˵ǸõúֶΡ
ЩΪɳûƺҲûУС
Ȼý䲻ٸ
Ϊ׵ҲٸƺݣҪˡ
Ѿϰ˽ȡƺԼǮ۰ٱǻ͵ģΪûǮζûбڵɳǲʱˣ¿ûôĵĽ죬ֵԸǮ
Ѿ˶ɱˡ
µС죬ҵ׸񣬺οƺ𣿻Լ¸
϶ᡣ
ȹѹغýĸƺ
̵Ҳݸ
˼󣬵̽ƺѾҲûǮʱٴβ̵ҲɳǱӪ䣬Ϳ˳ƽӹɳǣƺ̨
ʱ˾ƺԼնȥɳһ³ǣյУѴ֮
ӦƺĻٺúõǷһʱƺܶ飬ˣһغˡ
ˣԲţڲ׺¥ǰ洫Ŀ޺
ڳҪˣʹǰɣʼ
˵ȥҽ䡣˵ȥ⼸ˣе׺¥ͳͳϱѲɱˣһģƺģҵıʶǣʣһɳǵı£ϵӪӪǣ
ʼˣ
վ֪Ļ࣬ȷ⸮ƺѶ
ӪǺ󣬰ѳе˶ۼɱһһ
ʼ˵һȥ䱨ţӹɳǡ
ȻɳǾ͹ˡ


213 
ɭβһϵģΪһֻ˿ƣֵܣҲô˵
һˣıȻƺɭβ˶˲ԭȺս󣬴սϵ˱𿪹ɭβǡ
ڴɭ֪ټ󽫾ˣսϵۣ˭֪һͱԴǲԴǲ󲻻ϸ첲ȺҲϵıһɢȥʲô·
۸
ֲӣɲԼϵıû˱ʲôʲôǮ
ֱǸû֪ûʶūˡ
ƫƫΪ󽫾ϲͷ󣬴󡣴پôûġ
Ϊһ١
ڼ󽫾Ͼ֪Ļˣ
󽫾ֺϣǴӡҪǣϲ̣ı˵󽫾ڻûһֺ̣ϣҲǳȥɱɱ˶ѡ
ɱᰡζӣοŽ󽫾ɱҲûǮûǮ
뽪󽫾˵ӲҴ󽫾ױЩһȣˣԼӶͳȥ˶ûã
ǸŮǰҲûУ
ֽ󽫾ֻҪһȥ
󽫾ڸһһû˸˵ġܡ
û֪Ǵġ˵Ǵ谮Ůס̨ժ¥ֳժǹ
ڹΪʲôɳǶֳǣ˵Ϊ뱣ֳȨ̫࣬Ǻ˹İѹ˳
ɭǼ٣ǼٵҲ޹ءֻ鸽󽫾¡
ҽ˲׺¥еˡ˵û˼ҲֻԶһۣڹȥӵʱ
һȺ˵˶֪ģ˵ЩԭǴҹӣȴΪﱻһˡǵһμˣǶӲˡ
ɭȿЩѾ˵ˣһǰȴֲĲҷ̧ۿǵҡ
̽ĵһЩӸǣǮǿֻۣܸӣԺ˺ܾãҪûþͰɱˣٰѽû
ڽ󽫾ڶʱǸ˰ڴ󽫾ߵʱڵߣ󽫾ʺá
󽫾ȻͣҲȴԱǸ˷ǳʲô¾˵
ɭˡ
˺̰ܴýȴ󽫾ڣ󽫾Ҳֻ˵λ֪֣׳
ɭҵˣҪؽ󽫾ô󽫾֪ģպȥͶ󽫾ʱŲᱻϳȥ
ͤһͤӣǰɭԺ󣬴󽫾ʱûռǣǾš
վŶʮˣȫ̻̲աǲҶӣβ۽͵ˡ
ǰͥԺҲżˣشޣţͷءӴŵǰһ·ۣͥѪۡӡϽϵмס
βǶǰһʯϣͷֻǲݲݰѪһεεǰϣǰȾˡ
ɫ԰ףҡҡ۰ϰȴιȥ
ɭվ棬һѣֵܣס
βҧһ⣬ʹԣ˵㣬ӦһãƴԼҪ󽫾һɲܰ׵Ҫż󽫾
챾һʤġ
󽫾̽ɦɳǵǺԭȻ׼ҵСүһֱǴ򽻵İ׹µСΪǰûǣԲϵá
ΪɳǴ̣Ѿɴ󲮳ˡ
󽫾֪ǰ׼ҵ˺Ͷ´˼ƣ׼ȥݵĻ̽һʲôʱ󽫾ʹڵߣһֲ
ܳɹɭ˽ض˺ԮӺ󽫾˴㽫Ľ׽ˣͻذ׼ҡ
֪Χƴ󽫾ȴǻ׽Ϊɱ˾ˣʮּѡ
ɭ˴Ӻʱǳɹ˸²ˡ
ץס˺󽫾ͺزɱǱߵʿ׷еطס
󽫾Ҳ˰ѷ²סԼʿѡһŻȥţߺý档
˼ˣ⼸˳кȻҪɰ󽫾˸ˮǻȥţͿԱס˵
⼸ǰߵ󽫾ݱʱһͻȻ𣬶߿ǵʿеĵһǰֱ󽫾¸Ϊǹģ󽫾ǰʿҲû뵽²֣ǾȻˣ
ʱˡ
һе֣ˣ󽫾ߵ˶ȥҵǸ²ȥɱ
һս˲֪ȥɱһЩһЩˡ
ɭʱڴ󽫾һȻʱ̧̾Ŵ󽫾Ҵˣȴã󽫾ֻѾûˡ
ôأ
ʱͻȻһϤӰǰͥ
ǹǸˣ
ʯ䣬ͻȻһĴȺб˳ȥ
Ǹ˿ǰ󽫾ǹǲʡûܽȥ뿪ˡ
ĸˣڰ˴ס
ʼ󽫾˺£
ɭ޹ģŵ˵󽫾в⣬ȥ󽫾
룬ҪǲԸɱˣ
˷ȷʵ𣿡
ɭͷ˻ǰˣղ̧ȥʱֶˡʱű󽫾ڴ󽫾ϴһ£Ҳ֪Ѿˡ
ʼͷִ£ȻҪô󽫾֪Ըţڴ˵һȣȥ湫
ɭ͵˿ϰµģƺһôòſǸֻæȥһҾԸң
ʼ㣿һţҪȥ͸󽫾ֵĻᱻ󽫾˷֡
㣬˷ֻҲ·һɣǸô˵
ɭȻ±˷֣ߣԼıβǵı˳˵ҪˣҲɱˡ
˶һЦмˣҲԴ󽫾ĽԾá
ɭˣ
ֻһȥȻ󽫾ȥ˶ˣǴ󽫾δػˡȥ˱еıأ
˵ȻҪΪͬ·Ÿȫ
ɭͷ˵Ĳ
н䣬ĬսһӾȻûȥүүô
ϼɬҷҩȥˣ
ҪãҾ͸ȥˡ
ϵ֪ʲôҩ
ͷʳнʲô涼ɾ
ߵǰѳߵ䣬ѴǶ˳һ̺ų
վڻߣүү㿴ʲô
ϳص̾һǸɵӰ
ֹһ̣ѴҴˡ
ȥ㹫ˡ
ϱ˵ĿͻȻ֣ʵҲʶˡ
ڽǰȥ˰ɡ
ĪԱЩȡ𣿱Ϊ˾ˣ˶лԾƻҪǷһʼʹۡⲢûΣյġ
кҩɱȫ
Ī֮ɫ
ðɣǾͽ㡣˵ҪŵȥţҪ죬֪ء
׵
ߣ£ҪõʼԼҩ
ʼζĿӹҩл
ĳֻΪһѡֵһ͡
ʼ
ҩͻȥˡȥܵŹʼǵĹ͡
˺öĪԿʼеҩ޷޵
вϣþСʼҩغãǾ͸ˡ
콥ˣҶµµȴ뿪ͤȥҳԵġ
ֱڣҲûҲû˳˵һ󽫾ǻ
˶ڲ£󽫾Ѿ
˸ӲߣȴߣĴ߶Ȳ˵Һվһ
ɭվ̨£ĴΧˣ֪˭һȥ󽫾
ʱһˡ
С·˲׺¥һȻĸѾˣ
ʼӭӣæڣָһϯ¡
Ȼ֮࣡
ɭ˵Щ׶
ʣҲһ಻Ƶĵȥ
ʼЦҶֵͬܣպ˵Ҫڽ¹£붼°ɡ
ɭ߽Ҫ£ұһӣţ˨ĲͻȻƾʲô
ɭЦǽʱ˵ֻǵҲĲЩˣ
ƾʲôӣ
ţ˨͵˹ȥ˵㲻
һȭһŵĴʣҲΧȥȻǶҪȥ󽫾ȷֳӮĺá
ʱʼʮΧȥ
ɭţ˨һȭԴϣԵͱȭߣͻȻеȭŶͣˣκ̧ͷȻֳ֮⣬˶ˣ
Ǹˡʼһ߳ɭµѪ
𡣡ʼ
ɭëֱΧȫóˣ
һͷͶصҪɱҡҪɱҡ
ʼһķ١
ֻоͷһͷɢŵùֽһ¾һʪ
ʼһԲϣɱţˡ
ɭǵͷӦҡͷûСֵͷǣɱġ
ʼϴȴͶţΪҡһԲͣŰɱۣͬΪ塣
ɭԽԽ£ӵὣȥ
һ̧ͷǰӰɭղŻŵ˵Ѫֵ£ȵġ
ҡ


ʼһƽ㡣ǰɳĽ󽫾Уγ㣿
һʱ紦Ԩһʱַ졣ɭȻˡ
ʼԸ⣿
ȻԸ⣡
ɭͷԸ⣡Ը⣡


214 ɳ֮
ҹѩһʼֻСѩת۾ͱˣƬƬëĴѩ׷¡
ͤǰֻ˻ڼأ˶̲סҵطˡ
ǡڴʱŵ֪Ʈһ
ζҹȥһֲڵɭһƤñվһǰﻹһֻ롣
Լ͵Ҳֵһһ˽ɭ룬ڹǰȲʢһ룬̾ͺһڣĸ̾ˣ
ˣϸ룬иɱ̲ˣǾ͵͵ĳԶůˣٻͤţĸʣµʲôطгԵġ
ȥ˻ܳԵ⣬ȥ˾ûôˣûˣǷȥ˽ζҲ㡣
ɭʼĻ
ɳ͸󽫾ĻûԸԸ⣿
󽫾ˣЩ˱󽫾һᱻͷʾڡµĽҲһɱǣԼš
ɵǣٰɳ͸󽫾󽫾Ȼ㡣
˵󽫾ɳǡ
ɭصͤܶ˶ڵϣ˺һѩȥһһţӲˡ
ǡ𣿡һͻȻ̨ϴ
ɭһ̨ŵβǲ
ˣûȥ
ȥסβǣ磬ҷȥ
βҡͷ󽫾˽ȥǶȥĶˣҿˣ͵ܣȥ󽫾Ҫȥ󽫾
ãҴȥ󽫾
ɭβǷԺԼһ˳ˡǰ󽫾Դӱ̧ȥžͽš
ƿţ˽ȥ
ǰûˣأȼš
ɭЩţǽߣŲᡣ
һİȣ˿ѹֵġҷ޵Ŀ
͸谵
ڵŲȥɴϻӳӰӡ
ڴ£ӷ϶ֻܿļˣ˶ڴǰסˣ
ǽǻˣ֪˭
Ӧö󽫾ĸˡ󽫾ûжӣҲûһŵӣһˣֻмźˡ
ɭ˿ڿˮԼ򲻹ĳȥˡ
˳˶ڲ׺¥֮Ӧöŵˡ
ǵ⣬󽫾ںԺңŮǣһأҲܳ
ʣµĲֻ˻ָʹö
Щֻ
ɭȥܿ¶ģԼŷŽǴŵΧ
һҪߡɭЩ˵ɱǣ
Щ˶ѵģɱ˲գ۵ĺú
ɱһһȣɱɱʮһӣǿȥ򷿸Ȣӣɭ˵ҪǷһ˭ܣ˭ͷ⣡
ҹ֮УͻȻһ𣬻գӳǰ졣
վ¥ǰ̨ϣԶȥһƬո
һҹȥȻմš
峿ɭԼױˣе˶ϵ˱Ӫ
ʹ˲˲ޣɭһֻ󽫾ҽ˹صӪУ˭Ҳ뿳ͷ𣿡
ƺûٿͷ
һСԶûпƺ˴еһĻҲ֪󽫾ϮǲŻҴһسǣߵ˶ûȥ׷
ʣ󽫾ɻ𣿡
ɭ󽫾ˣֻǾĲ£
Сһ㶣Ѿ˵ڵϡ
ԴӪſڣɭȵ
㡭Сδ˵ͷѾ˵ϡ
ɭʼߣз
һͷɳ֮
漴ŵʼĳнһǸͻȻðͷɢˡ
бϻ˱ӪʼѾūϱӪУеıֻ㹻ʳ
ھе鳤ʲС죬뵽˴󽫾ص˵
ǺȽɭȥ˵󽫾Ϊ֮мϸҽǶϸϸŲ顣ûбѴ󽫾кοɾ壿ֻܵŰɣ
еСǶʱĿԼΧˣ׷ײ²˭ǱѴ󽫾ˣֻҪҳǲܰȫ
һЩԳ׵Ҳٺֻðȴ󽫾˭ͽ
ʼ˵ɭˡɳǸùصĹˣץץˣСűسɴ󻼡
ؼʱһ·ʱȡٲȻֺϺɱҲС
ͳ׾ٵľͶϯˡ
ףԼһϯʼһϯ
ⲻժ¥ҲֳǡԶûһˡ
ʼˣ˵£һǱӪл䣬ҪϽš
Ϊ˱Ӫл䣬ʼѾ˷ֻɭ뿪ɳǾ֡
Ȼ򣬵ĳԸ
һۣ½иȥͺˡ
ʼȻһģҲˣ˰󽫾֮͵У
ԡһ˭ɳǹȥᰴסġ
ɱ³һ̫أ̫أ佫ھ͸³һȻһǸõ
ʼҲáʵǺõòٺã
ԭסɳǱϽ󽫾ʱҲһս֮
˼ƣȴǸ׳н
˵󽫾ܳ£ղˡ˵Щ˶󽫾ˡ
һ죬ͻȻš
˵ϵˣµĶȥš
ȥţȴû뵽ݹӣ
͵ܣƽ£̵ᡣ
³һҾأС󽫾Уֳ֮飬ʵڲ֪α𣡡
̷ݺʣôˣ󽫾ģ
ǹȱҳһ磬ҲС
ժǹ֮ȴΪûֳǣ֮е԰ҲšɼƳ繫Ҳ̾ԭʢ顣
󽫾ܴ˴ֲۣ裬ֺϵĽ󽫾Ԯܴ֡󽫾֮У˴󽫾ֳ֪ǷԸһˣ
ǸҰĺСˣôϲӪ󽫾ͽ󽫾Щɡ
ˣΪֳˡ͵⻰ûɡ
֪ԼѾ֪£ؾֻѱҡͷˣҾһ˰ɡ
̳ǣ֮ŽȫץһηڣȻÿˣһЩ˿˵ıŻһЩȴһȥء˼˳ʲô˶֪޲ԣ޲
ˣɭȥֺϣǰȡɭ
ȥأһˣȥظš
Ǹ˵ƺо
ƺȻˣɳ˭УɳδңȻľ߳ǸҲҰģ
ٿݹ֮ʢУС׵С˱زʹ
Цպٵɳǣкôٳ
˴ϲ֮ǰļ궼Ժˡ
««⣬ټ׹Ѿץˣ˵̣Ҫɱֻ顣
գԲϼ
ʱһŮ߳««һۿæ˵ĸԸ𣿡
ŮմᣬҡͷӻȥɣҪΪˣ
««ĪץסŮ˵޹أҼԳز󣡡
Ů˦֣˻ȥ
޹̨ڣʧĹ£һǸɺԵֵۣڶڷ
ڸղţְѶҩι̫̫ȴΪУֻ̫վһһ𱣻««
Ӧҵġɬ˵
ϣº͵ĿЦ¼ȴӦ󣬱زʧš˵ȥѴɡ
æᣬ㵽ڡһ««ˡ
««ܽţһдȻ֫ŵǰͷҲ̧׹ȥɳǵģңҪɱ׹ᡣ
˵͵ĴǵСʱڹײ֪Ϊʲô˸ڹſһΣ˶֪жӡ
ϣȴº͵˵««ɡ
««ŵ̧ͷڴĿȵķȻĿ
ỽ
Ц֣æϥйȥַļϣĵ««׹£һҪ
««
¾͵Ϊֹ²֪ҲǣСΪ˱㣬̫ӣ˿Ӽ
ڣ««ѭѭգǵһΣӦֻҪɱ̫ĹԹ««Ļպ̫ӣһ««ġ
ңȻԼĶӡҲȨ̫պ««ǼλҲѹƲǣ亦
ң̫ڣԶܳΪȨһˡȻѾõĳŵβӺԼϰأ
ɳǡ««û̫أ᲻ᱻ³֣һ̫֮أֻˡ
ҡͷɳδҡ
««뵽Ȼˣ̫Ҳδ֣֮ɳڶûңǾ˵һƺ̽ӹɳǣҰȻزһյĹ
Ȼ³ңǰ׹᲻ǾͲ
û뵽ôе㾪ȣеЦҪȥ˭˵أ³ڵɳ֮
««һ㶣漴׹ʱһͷ亹
ЦŸ³δ֪ɳ̫أϢȴȴأΪΪʲôǸɳ˷˵ھ
㲻̣һλ³Ĺ飬ͲҪȥɳǣҪɳ¡˵ãҪáպɳǽҳ£ҲҪסˡ««Цϵ亹ͲҰ׵ɫȻλӣɾඡһսȨ̨һҲֵġ뵽˭««̨ˡ
««Ҳ뵽ˣɫޱѿ
ģ


215 ̳
ɭͷںͻʱɳѾڽָ¶ˡ
ʱֵľݰܡ
ɳǱǾӪڴ˽ǣųɳǡлǺӣҲгǽڳȴǾӪĻ֡λɳǵϣľӪı
ɳǻˡ
ᡣʼм˵ԼΪһûм˵ģһƺУ඼ǱˣӪиĸֵܡ
ǵأʼеΪѣ˼Ѿ¶ˣɳǱķأ̫أ޽Ϊķء
ǵȻᷴԹ֮кܶ⡣ȣôأΪֻҪֳǷָֺһ̫Щ˾̫صġ񡱣ǹ
Ϊͬ͸ЩҲϱ˶ߡ
õİ취ūɹԸòᡭ
Ｎ
ʼ̱ɫ͸أ˻ʳǮ̴
ȻǡعǣǹءҲ˵ɳǼˡ
ʼһ漴׹˸Щ˺ɳһֻҪסɳǣպֳ̫ػ򽫾ҲֻƾΪصģɳġ
Ӫеľū½˳ǱϵҰ￪ġ
ʳÿ٣˳Էʱ䣬ͻڿյڸӣܲ񣬼һŵ󷹵
ϣǼһ˯ڲС
һȥϰˣΪÿ춼ٷս󲻻˾ŵǹǰ壬˵õǹȥԼ˵
ʳÿ춼ÿ쿴֪컹гԵģܰĵĸɻ
ǰһĹڳǱϵ˹⣬žͿһߵĲݵӻѣ紵ѻ졣
ڽӹɳǺ֪ƺʵ˲ٹɳǵ˳Եˡ
ƺѾ͵͵͵ᡣţҲһ˽ȥ
û֪Ѿûˡ
ͻȻԶỊ̇ˣߵգʣεǱ磿
Ǳ硣գտռȸԶɱˣֻҪ粻ͣС
˰ûͣʼѾ˶ϻؾӪˣҲ¼ˡϴӪǧٶʮˣӪһǧһһʮˡ
һߣҲˡȥҡ
ǰƺµĽǣĶˣĶڵ
⼸˸پūϵɶɳǳ׵һ飬ץûץεˡǳĪԴţֻˡ
ЩеĽȫ˳ˡŮҲץ˹лвٺӡ
޶˾ǽǳǡ
˵ȲżȽ󽫾Ժ󣬿ǷԸҪЩˣҪô󽫾ߡ
Ҫ䣬Ӧھ͸ǡʲô⣿
ˣڰЩСϵҰʱͶȻͻȥ
̺ˣأٿˡ
˵
ͷڵϣƴڣĳ
շǾȥյı£ѵһ᲻ã
̧ͷЩšΪѳǷӶ󽫾ְֻ
ӭϹĿ󣬷ֹթԸ
ղˣСùˣ
ں޽ӣ
ȥ˵ʧǵĳȥˡ
ʼӸղžûڣҲû˵顣ʱתͷ˵ҾܾûдӦ˵Ȼн󽫾ڣΪʲôҪȥ󽫾ķأոɳ㣬λȣ󽫾֧Ҫǲý󽫾Ϊ
ûϵģûϵͿˡ
Ҳ˽ǡ˵ദʱ仹ʲô£һ֪ʼأʲô
ʼԸΪǰ䣬Ϳأǡ
Ǿȥȥɡ
ʼ͵̧ͷ
ΪҪ֣ʣ£ֲ뺦ҡο뺦Ҳǡ
ʼǵĸ黹ûô̡
ʼ뿪˵Ҫȥ
ҡͷ㲻ҪܡʼǾֶ֮꣬ˣǳţǲܸǽĵġ
ȥЩ˰ɡЦҲԷųȥˡ
ȴ󽫾˵ɡǵЩھͷ˻鷳
ء¶ҵģ
ԣһ
Ƿų󣬸ǣɳԺ˰
ղһĶûץס׹ôˡڳʵԵĶǹʳֳֵʳ֪ҪԺ󣬶ʱԿֺϵ֧һʱ䣬ȻǲԸ⽫˶ڱеġ
ֻǲ³˵˰³ˣӴ˵³˰Ӵ˵س³˰Ȼҵ³ϻ˵ĻȻҲ˰
ȫ³˶ɳǳ룡
ΪôҲǧټƵĴɳǽ³ģ
ֻҪⲻ˰Ϣȥ
ɳǸĸͽ̳ǡ
̶κҲ˵ϹκȷʵǱ˼
κ̫κ󶷵һʤ֮κһʱ̫һޣȥһ̫ᣬٰ
ǽˣκ̫ȴмֳԥǵ׻䵽ֵ̫֮С
֮ǰļ̫û棬κԼԱԥǵ̫֮־Ͳˣ˵ôҪĳ̫أκǣҪ顢ȵȣԱ֮⡣
κûͣҲʲôûεҲڸȥ˵ģʲ
̫֮ҲͦԥǺ˵κʲôҲû̫ظûסˣҪԼǷӡôأⷿǮǡ
֮ˣⷿ͵ǴǮˡԥǱκһֱκŵΣʷϻû̫ظκŸɵġ
κû취ָǴôܶһСǵĽأԵ̫̰ˡһ֮ƣȻһǡ
һ̫ظԼסĵطҲǺֱ׳
ֻ̲һľͷȻٴԥǵĿⷿı꣬ǮͣҪʱûǮҲԣ̫Ҫʲô̾
ԥ̫ز;Ǹܺõˡ
ȴֺܶĶǮԤϵҪһЩҲаͶʱ򣬵һֱͣⲻܡ
ֻһˣһصֻ˵ĵطкôκ³ԡ˶һ˻Ҳ̫˼ˣ
˴ɳǡΪ̳ǵϢ
ǲ˰治գ
Ĳȡһ˵һⷿӵⷿ𼫱ˣ·㣬ʱ⣬ʣµǮ˻
ôһҵĿⷿˣȫǵĿⷿˣ
Ц㲻֪һĶ̵̳ǣժǹ¡üɫǰϲˣڵ˷أȻǸˣ
վڽڵϣĿԶľūųһţѵʯͷݸڳӲչڶ࣬ûٱũ߲࣬Ƕ˫ָɻ
ʱʼܹûͣȾܹе󽫾ˣ
ͷ֮£


216 
Ǹˣɳ뿪֮·ϲͣӱ޵ĸϵֺϡ˵ݼ˽󽫾˵˷ɳǵ¡Ϊ֪Ҳϸݹӵ¸߽󽫾½󽫾ɳǵһ¾ǰɱˡ
˵ĺ壬Ҳ˸ˣǧϡ
ֺϵ˶ˡ
ɳǺǰһжһ֮⣬֮еĸо
ɳ֮⣬ԭڴ붼ճһƬԶԶȥһһſڵϣǰƶܽ˲֪ڿġ
ֵ𣿡һ˵һôֺũߡ˵ֺϵҲֵأֺ˶͵Ϊ
ʱֲɡҡͷǣȥŽһƬ߱߿
ʶǣȥȵĴչĶһ¡
һȵƣסͷºߣľëõз
ƣ
Ʋ࣬˺ˣ˵ðūƣò³ˣõĻǻص³ĵطôûмǡ
ܽūѾˡ
Ҳǻ֪ɳǡɳǱ̳ǣðս˵Ŀڰժǹȥټǡ
񡢽塢ǡ
ϣƽ¡
һȺСӴǮûа㼼ܣûм縸ĸôܻأ
ԳЦһ£һƾˡ
ں棬ԽԽ죬ת۾ͱһС㡣
ʼǴʧɫ׷
Ҳ㽡ֻԶԶġĿƱϵǸСӰϵüΣҪˤ
ܣܵԶԶģ
Լٶȸ죡
뿪
֪ԼʲôʱͣģعʱѾ󺹵ͣһϪߣԱߵı顣
ڸղ£ƶûа˦ְʧȥǵ˴ˮԴԡ
ϻץë
ſƱϣᱧסԲ𡣡
ûɵ˦β͡
ȶǽӲģˡοȥˣԼϲ
Ծôϣſա
һ޼ʡʱܳһ˫򣬷ɵȥ
ڼһ˲䣬ᵽͽĲͬ
ˡ
ǹ
˿ͬе˾ˣе˾Ͳˣֻһ˵Ƥң˿ˣԼȴǡ
֪ʲô
Լûи飬УавᣬлںޡЩ鲻Ͷ䵽ÿһȥ
ڸʧΪˣ˾ͬģ˺ͬ£
ҲͬģҲͬˡɾһأشʱͬ飬ɵعʱͱľȻˡ
䣬ʱ򣬿شˡ
ۣ峺ЩۡԶ׷ˡ
תͷǽ䣬ǰ滹һЩˡ
ԽԽϵıҲԽԽܵ
ʵǸ۵Ķ˶ģҲõֹһ˵ġĵıȴ̣ܶһĵİһأ
ʼ
չֵֻ̨ܸǡԣǲŻ
ڶԴʼʱһֱ侲ļţһֵȼ٣ܵõ١
äĿġɵŶԷǽ䡢Ⱥ
ơ
ḧƵľë
ҵ֮ӵиİ𡭡
һ¾Ȱϱ
Ǻܾûôӽˡ
ͲˣɳǱжʬǡڵĽһµõ
־
мΣп˿־塣Զ֮
ţһﲻ
仹ڴղּ£ɼƽˣͷסһһ仰˵
ԺҪ˿ڿˮΪܾöûôѵˣҪô졣
šͷˡ
ּĬ
֪ʲôʱʼô˵ˡôԶԷ˵ôڣһɶ
ÿڼеֶ̡ǣ·ϵļȡڴڼʱһҲ²
Ҫ˵
и⡣ƺкܶǮͽȻ󡭡
ûͻȻҸ㡣ص˵Ҫ٣Ҷܸ㡣
ŷˣ˵ǡЩҶҪݡڡȶ
ƺǮȥбۼۣΪ˿ԵǮĽ֮⣬֮ҪȻǮٻʳмͶһҲζҪһˡ
ֺϾǰɳǣرɽȴûûȡҪȥʳһֺûеĶ
뿪ֺϺֵǮֺĻֵǷǳ͵ġ
ֺϵ˵ֵһ
˼תнظ䣬ֱ̳ǻʳҲջֱ͵ֺȥ
͵ֺǱǮȻתһпͽ䶼ҪĶ͵ֺϡ
Ҫٷ֮ٵڱ
ҺãΣǶȱ
ʵûף֪ùһ㣬ֵǮһ㣬ֺ϶ЩʳԿ
áҾֺ
ȱһӦû˵㣬ҾһЩɡ
áֻܴӦҸʵ⣬Ҫô֮ﰲˡ⼸˵ĻԽԽ٣ֺһһܺԼʲô´
ָǰһˡ
һֳǡ˵
ȷǴ֣ѵڽԪйҽ鷳ˣ
һãȻ
ı飬ֻ֪ǽӵϢûȥֳǴ̽
仹벻ǸʲôˣҲû˴Ӻζǲ̨ˣϸҲȷǲǴġ
еͷۣͻȻȥţҲϾ͵ġ֪Ӧһˡ
Ժ󣬳ҵ֮ˣģʶģҵȥȻܱ˵ʲô㶼Ҫš
ΰɡ
ץס֣ڵд֣ס֡
ֵġԨ
ֶܼǵסС˼
סĨȥ
ֲҡȥһ£ûгֳ֣µʲôнûзʲô¡


217 
󽫾ˣҲһȥ󽫾áʼ
ͷһ仰Ҳ˵ȥϴ¹Ը⡣һҲûһҲû򣬾ȥ
һɼкȥ
ҾͲȥˡ
ʼŭҲСˣⲻңӡû˵꣬Ѿվȥˣ׷⣬ѾԶˣֻա
´ǧ˽ڽҲѾˣһǧˣֺϸϡ
¼úܣΪ󽫾Ҫɳǰѹˣ˭֪Ժ󡭡ƺѾˣѾȫˣǣѾӹɳˣ
ЩûļһﾹȻ
ԴҲ벻ͨʮûеôɳõġ
˵ԭ󽫾ȥʱɱˣŴˡԵɺϡ֮°ɳǸõˡ
Ľˣ⡢ºôҲһأ
һô˲ˣ
ҲԽ˵ãҴȥΧһߣߵԶһЩ
̳õıҾˣҰԼİΣЩСҪշǣҲһ¡
ƺҳĵͼпɳǸӦûСǣǵСͱҸ̡ˡձץˣⷿͿպ󣬳ȻȻ͡ˡ
Ҳ˵ɳǵʵʱȵͼϱʾҪöࡣ
ȥǵж
ˣ˴ܻһЩβ˿ڱҪﵽʮ
ƺˣҪ֪жٵط԰ǡ
Ҳڳڷ̫աƣԽ˵
ջӦڳֵأض԰յԶʤһеġＮȡΪðնƬز顣һûǮãʿܹ̾⡣
ҵĴðֻܿά
ʱˣһƬ˿հֲ׾٣
˵ڵ˾̫ˡ
ǰ̫ˣ˿ڵһȫԡʱû취̳ǵ˿Զܣѭֻܿ˿˿ڿն
Щˣʱġūܽһȥպ뿪ˣҲתȥ
ɣͲһ¡˵
ȴýĻһ㽪и಻ĵط
˽ʲôͺʲôʲô
ʲô㲻
ɳǳɿճǣ֣
³ûˣָڣȻ˻ռ³˵ĵء
ʲôϵ
òԣռ񡣽»ú˼
ǻ𣿽˵ĺǻģصѪΪҰѪ龡ˣ鵽ԼˣؾˣעѪ
ΪĿ꣬
˵ڳĵһ¾
ΪˣʼѵЩūȥģ˵ԺЩūūǿĵĵطǵĵأظׯϵĳȫԣû˰һֱЩū
ֹֻصĽ䣬벻ﻹеʱûгԱҲ֪ЩĵصֳιЩ˵ʳҪϼ꣬⼸Ҫǣ
ǣֻΪūһʶֵأгԵģסġ
ϰߺԺǾͻֵˡ̳Ǿͻˡ
ʲôϵأ
ռֺϣΪΪײǱֺϣȥúãİ취
Ϊ˻ôˣռסֺϵġ
ȴΪԼ
ͻȻ֣ͽϲһطǴͷβһ
ᾭγָڵͼϻţ׼ﻮֳɼ񡣡
ʼ¡
ʮ죬߱ɳԭַҵǼɳǵַһǽ·˵ǰʱȥ
ԭǽַĵطȻʺȺӵģƽ̹ˮԴַлһЩשʯľ͸ˣשʯڡ˰ѳǽשͱȽש˻޽̳ǡ
̳ĿǰݶּＮȻɳԭİպ;ū鵽˼С
̼ˣɳԭû̼ңС˻ȥҲܵȥˡ
һǹʵＮ
ʼһЩҪͷͶ̡̳
ôҪȥĻɱ˶ϧȥɡʱ
ʼụ̂޷С֮ﵱʾ˼
̳ǲͬụ̂Բ
ʼ̲סȰ˼ԲУһֻһЩ޷֮ң⣡λҪĻȱҪա
ĻʧˣΪڶЦ
˵ʼԸְ̫֮
һͭУһʱʲôˣﶼʧˡ
֪˶ãʼȴȻЦ
ͷɬԡͻȻ˺󲽣Ͷشʱᡣ
סſڵϣʵĳղţ蹫Ŀ빫ĳиˣԺ󡭡
˵ãպҪĻش𡣡
òգ̺ʼԡ£ǰ
ţݣżҲҲλٰݣڳƣʼμ
ɡ¡
ʼ£һΣֱӽʹΪҪԲ
Ц̳Ｎҵūˣ̼ˣҶˣɱʲôãͳǮ߳ǵĲֿõġ
ʼд󶨣ȥԡʱ;ùͻȻ̳ụ̂ǮԭרΪģ
ң˵̳ụ̂Բγǲ̳ǣγǲ̳Ϊң
˺д񣺡ԸԲΪߣģ


218 ֣
ϽаʰһǵĶ
ͻסڲ׺¥Ҳһˣǹгкȣøɻǰ˿ҩ°
Ҳһ£·Ь׬üˣ
İյ·Ьĸ
Ͽĸ˶İ
үүǸȥʰ˲ʡ
һϥվȥ
˷ֱܵģҲȥҲȥ
ָŰС˵㿴ǵĶ
ʱڰǰˣⶼǺöû·ˣΪͷ˸һƤñůˣñȵֱðҲ᲻ѡ
߳ӣ¥ǰ¥ǰһһҾͼݣĳ
˻һ񣬻ЦԺ̨ϵһĳȥ湫
Ƕ֪ϺͰǺһģǹľʶ˵ֶǹͣԲҵ̾ȥ˽
ռһֱں˴򽻵̳ǵѾˣ˸ǰЩˣæýŲմء
Ͻ֪ǲ˲ģŲµõ⡣
߽˱ǶһƢ㣬͵ȥᣬȴʲôŲˡ
һŮվӭs
æܿͶأҵĴ񡣡
ǰԽ𣬡Ͼˣô𣿡
ϾȵıŮַԴ
ʱһ˶ûУƬ̲ҵ˺͹Ůˡ
Ҫл
Ͼ
Ϊˡ̧ͷһ졣
һȥأڹϢòȵڣֵȵߵȴɳȥѯ¸ǻ
尾˺ܾãŵõһϢ˵ˡĲǸˣҲɡ
ûпʬ壬Ҿ뵱š˵֪ˡΪʱû˻벻ôܻ
Ͽֶȥ
Ҳ֪α㡣˵
ϵˡ
⼸һֱû뵽ǣҲͬһģûа׷ѡ
ֻǡΪĵõ˻ر־ΪԼ־ԸΪԼԸ
֪һɱ˳ԵĶͽ෴ǱҪ
ȴôҩóȥһ죬ʬҰ
ΪΪƣΪҪɱˣ͸ԸΪΪ
ԣǰΪ¹ʱҲ̲ס
ĲһĽµʹˡ
ɱˣߵȴΪ޹ģ
ˡ̫ˡ
С϶С뿪ڽǰ
ߣðߡ£Щ⿳ɱյĶҪֲ
Ϊɱˣ˶֪Ǵġ
ɱˣ˶ȥ룺ǲпԣˣǲǸ
ĬΣ𣿡
ߵУ˽䡢äĿ֮⣬ʼΪĳɶĿһ£ͬļֵ۵ˡ
Ůûжļֵۡ
Ψлϣһ͸飬ֲΪͨˡ
˵˺ܶڻϵ£ͻΪĹ¡Ҳʶ˳ǻۣͯĻϣϲѱȻųϦȴһֱ׷Լ롣
βˡ
һ£ԵÿЦĵ롣
Ը⻻һֻ˵öôʳǣûһġ
һִѧߣҽθĲˣ̽Ĳ
ľһؤȴŽӰġ
ϲˣȴϲ
ϳʵĵͷ纣С϶ڹǰһ㣬ܲأ
ǣҿɺ𣿡ʡ
̧ͷ˺𣿡
ϸ룬ҡͷֵͷҲһЩ˺ޣϲ˺ңһܲˡ
ϿЦǣϲ˶޹ǷĵŹ
Ҳ֪ῴѹƻԹۡҲԼǻʹ޵¡
û˵
֪˵ô򵥡
ǰɳ𣿡ʡ
ϵͷʱ˵ʱʱһͷͷӣ²ϴװ˻װúġ󽫾ĸҲǰ㲻ޣװ㣬ûǵץߡץһҪɱˡ
Ͽǵˣæῴ
ǱץؾӪҽˣȻ˰˸ˡΪҽҲҪս׼ӪˣӴҲ̤ɳһ
ɳǣͼʮǰȣûʲô仯ʡ
仯˸ˡ
˵ǰֵöࡣ
ǰɳĺܴ˺ܶࡣΪף⸽һƬǴӣĵطҲòݣһȥµĺʹµģЬĺʹЬģŵĶһ·ϡ
ֱģӵģѪӵģūġ
ʱжĳһ˼¡
ڷǰǻԼļ¡ŵȶȥֻʳȻȷúǮΪʲôô죿ȻǶȥˡ
źŮȷŵݷǮʱȥꡣûˣ˻Ǳݷӵ˸ˣǾٴӲݷһȥС
ڵ£ҲĺδͬһסֻΪսϣԴܣ˲ˣǾҪ¡
ϲɳ𣿡ʡ
ǵȻǲϲġ߹ôǣȥڶεģһɳǣһֳǡ겻СıץȥζϵĶŵʮ겻ֳ̤һǶҽ
ҵһۿɳǣĹ˵
ˡ
ôܵģ
Ϊʲô˵ҲҴϣֻ
ɳǸһٵĳСΪԼҰģɳǵİֻǵıϢ˳˵ûеڶ·ߡʻ˵񿴵һˣܾȵĻҲɣ
ˣԹɱ£Ȯ
һҲֻɱõˣûеģһûɱˣƺںԺŮˡ
ϻ治֪Ϊȫء
ԭлģ
ҲǶɱ˰
һô룬ԼһơôҲҪ˵
ɳڱ̳ǡ˵ϣİѧô˵ǿֵأԾ̣Щջһڡ
˵Ųģȥ˵Ӫļūȥˣ˵ɳΧļСǸʺֵصĵطȦģպ˱˾Ҳ͹ȥֵأ
̳Ѿ˺ܶˣбжˣкͶлҪٹʱ䣬æ¡
ѾԵĻϻ˵ĳСȥһͱ˵ĻͿˣ
˵ؽɳǣȻһϹȻôңпõ
ûϲۿôģۿ̳ô½ġ
ǰǸֲɳǣܱе̳
ǲܵġʹ
ϣղôᣬôͻȻˣ
ͿЦûǺᣬȴܲϣˣ뿪ˣһĵǡҲ뿪
ϣһֱصߣڵóԸ
ϲǲܹ氡Ȼ˶ߣ˵Ǹ𣿡
ϵһƬ֪ǹﻰߡղ˵ôֻ࣬˵˵ĹǡĻشʲôߵġ
˵ϲ̳Ҳһҵ𣿲ʲôԣҽݣβߡ벻ҩأ
ϣҩ֮ʲôҩҩһ֣ô֣
һſʧǵĻҳҩ䣬óҩš
ȥĶʡ
˵ȥҸʲôҩ
Ǹ˵ʲôطҩʲôطҩôأʵҲ˵ҵҩҰغȲɣǰǿȦΧӲݶˣǿҩ󳤳һƬ
ѽ취ɹʺܸ߰
һҪϺܶ꣡
˵ʵҪ߲ݰĽʣиõİ취ëСˢӣȿմŻ۰еĻˢһ顣
˵ʵһЩİ취һʱ벻ˣ˷ʱôţ
̣ǵһƱļһ
߻Ϻ󣬽ЩпϹȻǸˣǸˡ㲻ܽˣϣڷ߲ܸ֮̾ı뷨Ըˡ
̨£ý³Թ
ҲãôһߣͲ̫ˡ
ţͽһˡ
Ϊͬһ¶
ֳǵϢˡ


219 һ
ֳǺѾϱӵˡ
Ȼֳǵ˺ûע⵽̳ǵı仯ٵһʱ䣬ҲҪȥֳǵµġ
һֳǣһطϢһֱעԺֻҪˣķ
˵ϢԴˣͬǽϢǱ˰͵ģҪǮϢġ
ð͵ģ˱߳Աġ
ϻؽõֳǵϢѾ˿һˣһֳǻӡ
빫ѾʧܾˣֳȻһ糣ǲĹİΣճһЩ̸ʣϾ޹ء
ҲĴ´Ѿ궼ûгڽ̨̨ʱʱܻ¶һЩϢ絩ӴһȺ̴ӳŮֳǵ³̲ס¶ĵ΢Ц
ѽǸƤĹӰǴҰﳤĵӡ
ӲЬʱ㱼ڹУڼϡֲʶվվλõķu뽯̵ȴ޿κΡ
ֳڶԵӵӡ̣ǶȱϯѾõĴûԹˡܴʲôܲûдٻеءм̣ʲôҪ
̨һˣôҲȵĳҪõöࡣ
ֳǵ³˼ҵ
Ա̳ǣ궼ֳǰݡ
ҵ굽˹ң깨ϲ£Ů޸˽ʽ
궼ЦҲеʧΪһɱ¹ļֵͲˡ
Ǿֻѡuˡ
Σ
ҡͷҲҡͷ˶ԴӷӪȥͥ䣬ѾˡͼˣڽԼأԸͦõģÿյ̿ͱڴˣüؼȥ
ڳһõͰƣʵûȥ
ٳţڼҽСӡòƻǺͷuֶͣ˶Ҫȥ̨ʱӲһǰһȥҲûȥ
uûȢ𣿡ʡȢˣuôܻȢޣҽףһ
Ȼ벻
ƺһֱûн׵Ĵ㣬ҿһֱߵĹ³
̫ܡu㡢˶֪ԪǸѣԪԳ˲ŻǡҪɱˣ˾ڡ
˲ɱԪǲҡ롢ǲܣԪҲɱǣƾС
á
һϢʹˡ
ԣǻǲ֪ԪΪʲôͻȻнȥ
ʣأ
£Ƕˡֳ˿ͷˡ
ǰ䱻ϡֺϣеıߴ롣ֳ¶֪ģ㶼֪Ϣ
ͬ˶֪ǽߺ󣬽еı˸⡣
ýֳЦڡ
Ҳڼѵ齨ԼľӣеǮƺūӽԪǮڳģıҲݬ롣
ٱҲǲʳûаѱһֱֳǸǴűĴȥĵطˣܵǿǵˣҲǷйЩҰʢľ
ܰѱĴܣ룬ԪҲӦôЩı˴ܵĵطȥ
ЩǮԺ󣬾ֳΧΪֳǸСׯ಻ԡ
ĻЩҲôãЩȥɱ˷ŻаŮЩ˸᲻ɱˣһһֳ˾ͳЦֻ˵ջ
ǽƭȥ𣿡
Ҳܣһ𿴽
пܡǲҲ֪
˵ô죿
㲻ҪǾͺˡǰϲűĴߣ͵棬Ǹŵ˰ѻֺϣ㡮ڡֺϡȻ֪ǾͲػȥ
һֱȥ仹е㵣ģֳ֪ǲ¡
֪ĶԽԪӶǲܵģοֻʱġǱ߿ȥȻ˳ĻһǾܼһ֪ʵˡ
ߵʱȻЩ
˵Ǽ粻ȥ᲻ԵӺʹ㲻ã
¡ڽԪһӣԪֳҲϡڴ㡭ѾǷҸһᱣ뺦ҲҪȹ˼һ·ҡµĻ˵ǿɡ
ֳ֪롢ҵǸʲôˡ
ӴһȺ˺źӣ̧һʯͷš
һ½ĴׯЩūסġ
ǰǻ˯ҰڣȴҪһԼס
ⱲӣǶûūҪסڴǲסʯͷ
ˮˣ
һͷһȺͻȻ
˲һƬһٶ˶ͷת˹ȥڴĿǸˮԼľھԺͲʮ·ȥСӱˮˡˮЩҲҲɣ
ʼرڵͼϱעѾɹʮ˿ھõūѾÿһһھˡ
˵ģǰĴׯ۾仧зʵأĵظʺϸǷӶֳɵģˮԴ㡣
ΪЩūǮˮȻЩǮǴҳģʼǻǮľս
ȥ˵ģ꣬꣬ЩūδֳԼʳ
ƫƫֲǴ̣ǰǡ
Щ棬ȻΪŮ
Щɡû˽ˡ
˵򵥣ѡҪһǣ̸ף
ʼԥһ£ȥһڲڣҪǰȥݷá
ڽʱǶˡǹľʶֻһۣǾܿһ⣬Ӧòûܹȴ̫⡣
ǱΪΪºͽͻûϵǹһʼ͸ǺͽǼ棬ҲǴ򽻵
ʼһȥĪƹܳǷǸû˼ȥһԴտյˡ
£ǾͷѾ޷ٺӽˡ
ΪòҲΪһҩ
Ϊİš
һʼýͽȥˣҲúܺʡϾȥίߣʱҲԷ¼ӡòãҲ䣬һ鲻
ֱɳΪ̳ǣƶ̼Ҫ˳ǺʼŲĴ㡣
ֲܷԡΪһܼ۲Ƹ̳ǣ׳ĺð취
벻ڶõİ취ʲôʸ񷴶ԣ
ǣǮˣ˵һȺǻǮˣ׬Ǯˡ
ַʽǲò뽪ദǵ̨׺󣬽ҲûΪǵ˼ȻȻĳˡһˡ


220 
Ȼסڲ׺¥ƺסھʼ칫ĵط˸֣
ССĶһ£Ժȥ᲻ʷϵʲôۡ
ʼľԼֿ˸ң̳ȴǡ󡱡ͬһ֡
ǹʻʡ־ȥҲʲô⡭
ΪҪˣԺǽſɹ룬ڣǽܷ㡣
ԺƺǰŮ˵һԺӣ׼ʱͳȥŮūͬԺӸһ㣬ͥǰֲ÷
̹ݣˡ
ȻôõԺҲȥס׷ž˷ˡ
칫ϻǻͻһסڲ׺¥档ָ˸СԺгˮûϰȥʽġˡ
Ϊл
ҼҲеúܣԼүүһס
֪߶ҩ֮󣬻϶Щʧˡ֪˵ʲôߵĻˡ
ʵҲ᲻ûϺͰġǿ£ʲôġˣϺͰȴļˡ
ϲ˵ȴǸкǿĵˡĲ¶˿ģĵס˲֪ģΪǸر˵رˡ
ûϾûϻػﻰⶼ͸ˡ
ֽ߳࣬īߺڵˡҲ˵˿ʲôˡǸˣƣǸˣʹӶ
ԼȻҲ֪֪˶Կ
Ĵǻ۶СڣֻĹߡ϶ûдģӦ˵Ҳ֪Լʲô
ĵҲѿ֮ӰԺ˵ƶΪƶԼ־ܷġ
ΪġơʵԡֻΪԼԶ⣬ûС뷴򷴿ʲô̶ȵʶͻִ߽ʱҲѻϵѧ߰˰˲ЩǣҪǵΪʲôΪû
ϸ¶һ㡰Щ˿ɱ˼ٶ˵һ䣬˿϶Ѿɵˡ
ƽȡһأ̨ʱŷuû˿ԱУԽҲ԰ףʱгȻ֮ϵԺУͺһǸٶۣԱҲԺ
ƫƫ֪飬֪˻ôΪͬΪֻӵĲ롣
һֱãûڽң֮ѣҪıԼĴҲ˵֪Ϸ̲֮ס³ʱԽҵļҷ磬̥ĲۣҲǼۡ
ֻ»һū
˶ֻۣôʼЩǰδ⹻߻ƣô붼Ӯ
Եʱʼƺʱеð亹԰߷ֿٻǣƣǲܡƽദ
ǿϲġʼԼҲûʱСսǴģܿͻԼ
Եʼһǰһʱһ㶼⡣
ʼˣµ
ƺǹԵģ񽪼һ٣˳ֱһһ°ȣ֮һǲܳԵĹƤ
ϸ£ʼͷˡǽƺҵĽƱȥˣһʳѾڰ·ˡ
ȥҲŲ꣬ΪµūҲ쵽ˡ
챾ū˵ʱ򣬳ԲԲϷʱūȥūܰ˶ߡ
ʼ֪̳ǳΪֺϵĸӹֺϵ̳ǵʱֺ̳ϵӵλߵġ
һ뵽ͼ޷Լ
̳ǻǸ½Сǣʱᵹ
̳ﵹȥ
ӿƶеĽ衣
뷨̳ǻῪĸУֶϱΪСţСкֹС
УΣصʳ޻͵ȡ
ţоںūġ
ʵصʯȡ
ʵҲص
ивأڵгմ򿪣˻࣬˶ǽ˵תĿʡ˰
˵Ĳճ˰治գ˵ʲôôģ̳ͳͳܡ
˶ԺȻȻͻụമͨޡ
Ŀǰг׬һǮľǲֿѡֿյüͣĿľܰѻõĴϰڴ˴̳ռ֮㣬ȻȻģΪǽ׵г
ʱǵڶ׷ѡ
뽻ȴֲŶԷʱΪױ顣еһʹթƭˣƭ˵һǮһȻýȥ׷ɱƭӡǸɹߵġ
Ȼĸ˶ϵҪǴˣ׵޴ŻԹݣȻѽ׷Ѹ
׳ɹǮ͹ˡ»أΪ
о潪һһصĻ̫ˣطͻ׬Ǯ·ϵĻ̫࣬һС˲ðա
ת׵صĻãҪ򲻵Щ˿Դ
ҵĻãֻڱϼۣ͵ֻ·ѣͬһȱظߵļ۸ߣ˹̳ǽֱ֮ȥм仹Լת֡
ʽ붼ġֽ֧׷ʽģժǹơ
ǰڲżֺϵƣ֮Ȼͬķʽס
ʼ˶ʱǾ򲻵㹻ʳˡھͿʼһ꣡³Բ꣬Բ껹̳ǣ»
ÿɷ֮ǰʼȥ˵¶϶ϲܴӦļƻۣôĶֲ£ֻҹϹ˾˵ȸʼӣҲԼ̬ȡ
ʼ
гô
Ŀǰڴ˵˲ֻֿвһˣҶǶ⡣ҲߡҲ˵Ƕ̳ǵλԶԶ
Ȼһʴ⣬гҲбҪ˵Ҫһɿˡһʽס
׷УҪгչá
ֻһ⡣ֻ̳һʮһνףȻֻôٵ
ֺϣ̳ļ۸ҪڱĵطˣֺϵҪߣͽŶԿ
ȥɡ
Ҫʳˣ˽ԼƷɲС
˵Ժŷԭʯͷ״Ľᾧ壬һڳġ
ᾧеĿͷеĿͷСеľǣеɫͱȽϳξ
⼸뵽һ⣬Ƿּһ¡ɫӴɫʯӣȻִСĵСģʣµ
ʼԥɲͬļ۸᲻ᡭ̫£бҪ
ȴ̫ز֪ԭϼĸ߼ۣ
ʼȻΪȻûٿڡڽѾǽ̹ݵˣӦøֱ档ȻЩѧìܣڹ
̴ٳκĻһȦǰɳǣ̳ǡ
³ࡣ
Ĳճ˰
̴һ˿ȷţš


221 κҵ
롰̳ǡǰͬ
ǰɳǳſǱ˾ۼΧƣ˽۷̹⡣ʱ̾Ҫ˰ѻΧסһ񣬾˴Ӻѻˣȥ׷ȻͶˡ
Ǹ󽫾нˣЩҲúܣ˵鷳˿ЩˣǾͻ·Сӣʯϣǹһ㶼ܰѳʱӶסſڣݣˣҪƳ̧ɣô
̻׼ʮùʳιӣȴãǲ³ԻܳԾС
̳ǲͬˡ
ſڻȴڿļʮָԱߵС˵̶Ӵ
ǰСţ󳵶ӵĴСӵĴӶ
СխСֻһ롣
̱ΪѾϳȴ׵ľ߹ȥˡ
ΪһĵƽģûпӣҲûʯ
ŽȥǰͻȻӵխ˲٣Ϊ·ȫǻ˻ƺסڳ
ǿ˽ˣϾˣ̣ʶģ͹ǰк֣
Ҳ³Ϊ͵ôͣڴ˴
ЦѾ̸ãһʹˣͣ﷽㡣ߣͣһͣĳǻˣסҲʲô̳ǿݶ࣬ӱ˵úܡЦģ˵ԭ󽫾ֵµ˶ץȥǳǽˡ
˴ܣԭҲɡֻûϵժǹĺ˸˵չ󽫾󣬰󽫾󽫾˲ǴˣǱɱˣûɱȫ˵ΡЩȻȫ˸ϵɿˣڶûһܻġ
ʹǿݡ
һЩԭ˵³ĻҶԹ˵һ֣
ο˺ݣ˾ȫͬˡǼΪϲ˵ģ˵ѣһλǲ֪˭ǰ˳Ҳǵǰ˵ļˡ
˵Ļʹ˼ǰߡ
ǰһֱƽߵһߣƺ˵ĺ֮ۼڵ·࣬ԭհ׵Ļĵأһ˵ĵطһŵĲڶŲֵһƷĶȥĻٻ߾ֵ̫ˣڴ˵ذڸ̯ӣ˭ҪͿֱӴߡ
̲ݲݹһ£ǰһǧӣһ˰ʮӣһٸˣʵӦࡣ
һСٶ˲࣬һ³أЩ˶Ǳˣأճ˰˴Ӻζ˴ʲôֻҪ㣬ЩרܸĴˡ
Լͺ˵ΪĶ³ڣࡢκζţܴ̳³תȥࡢκȻȥࡢκҪ˰ǰҪΣֻһΣÿξͿԶ׬ɵǮ
̳ǵֻԽԽ࣡
뵽;һӣÿгһһƬ͸ˣ
صϣӳڵ䱦
ȴһˡ
Ǹڸ֮ϣݹҫ۵ǡ
̿Ǹӿһۣ̾Цǰԭˡ
̹£ӣδһɺã
ȻǵժǹֳʱߵĳժǹΣ㲻СţܼҲܺ͹ϤˡС˾ƹЩ˲͸ժǹ£ȴ䲻
ΪŲòģתԽ󽫾ʹ
ͻȻʧ֮Щ˶ΪѾˣһ˵ʲôʱͻڲ֪ĵط
Ȼֳڹˣ
̱̽һϻ͵͵ϯͻȻͲ֪ȥ򣬹ѾˣֻôҴߡ֮Ȼȥȴֺֻϸ󽫾Ϳšһֱ㲻幫ûз˼
ܹû֣˼ǰûڹǰ¶ţ˵ĻҲû©
ι֮ư󽫾һϵȴȷˡ
ʱ󽫾ֺءǰºΪ󽫾Ҫݡɲ֪ô£ͻȻ֮䣬󽫾ˣ󽫾˲ˣҲˡϱ±ֿѺճźǳдŮףԸͶСǰǰҲżչɳǾͻˡ
ľսǣ󽫾ʱһһأ˹˾Ҳˡ
ԴҲŴȫǹ֮ߡƺֻһͣŷɡ
ܽһпܼǺֻһ㻳ɡҪ͡òͣҲҪùĳģ޺ġ
˺֪̾ǲܼˡ
٣̾뵽ֺù
ĳκɵ֪һ׮Ȥ¡Ц٩٩̸
κزκֵ̫֮õԥǣȴȻԼһĵ硣
Ц˵ȷʵˡ
κȥһӣȻкκĴӣҲκ̫ӣһεκ
ĵλһõȹ̣ȻҲеκ̫
Դκκ̫һֱڸκԣκ˭˵㣬κϵĹְ֮С
κǽ޵֮⣬ûдֵȻռκеķ֮λڳϲܰ֡οκ̫ļҲȱŮӣһҲɡκöĿТ˳ĸףֲΪ
κ̫岮ֵܣһжҪְ̫һֱֳΪԥ̫أһ̫պλҲò˼ԥ̫ء
ԥ̫ҪرϽκʺ֮ء
ط̫ҪҲҪĸպĸ˭óκʵôס
̫˵̫֮λֳ˵̫֮λȸС̫Ӱɡ
Ϸԣ淢£û֪
ʵϾ֮ûգκ̫κ˵Ľڹκ̫˳ӣĽˤ˳ĹףֹʩڵµĽһֱȣֱκ
κزκŭ̫ȴչ˭Ҳκŭ֮½ֳ̫ϳǣԥȥ̫أȴʲô
κᣬ˶֪͵̫صԥĴǣֻǳԸͷˡ
ֳ̫ҲԥǺֱӿȡýǮҪá
κǱ߲֪ز޷˼ǲܣ̫ؾԥǺˡ
ԭˡ֪̾ô˵ȥԥ̫زκͷҲֻκͷˡϾԥ̫ؿԲںԥǣκܲں
ҴϷҲ֪˵ʲôá
ǵĻᡣЦ
Լǣ
ʳˡͣɡ
һ£˼ǡ
һһֱ˵ˡδȫȴȫ
ûһͽˣͷȥš
ֻҪϤȥκ򡣡£ȥգҲȥЩˡ
е׺¥ʱЩţ깫֮ˡ
𣿡ʡ
ͨһ£նңҶΪ
Цˣĵָǿȥպ̳ǵͻҲԴ˻͡ǵýһס
ּ˷ܵĴӲ׺¥¶е㷢Ʈˡջȥ׼ţʼʹҴҹˡ˵ҪȥʼһͿ˴ûʺͷ·ĨʱһģڱúԶǸʲô
Լӣ㿴𣿡
ʺʼôʲô
ЦÿļˣʼûôģЦ껹һĶ˵㡣
ʼһ߷ġ


222 
̻칦ȻֻˡǰҲժǹʱóϡ䱦֪һ˶֪Ϣλ˾ٲŻῪ
ǰ˾ٲǸĳȴҲһݹְʲô˾»
ʼ̫أųнҪʱ򣬽˾»˵Ƕûԡ
ĪԻȰǣǸǰ԰ͱ𿴲˼ˡ
ĪԻʲôٶûУȴ㲻żΪһ󣬹سţָһȥˣϱӪӪĶȥֵˣÿ컹ҪĴѲӣܣɿ£æøûǱġ
ʼҪοЦҲںңòҵʲôҪģο١ЦԼ˵㣬ֳǱ߿ǰ㲻ϵġ
ʼѻ˻ȥĪ˵¹ܿҪȥڹˡ룬ùɡĪԸмĻǹ
Ȼߺڶ죬ͰĪԽȥˡ
˾Ī૵
ǽģ³û٣ɳǰҲû١˾Ȼǹػ˼
ٰģְֲ̳еıһ˵ĪԺ֮ͳϵ ԣԷֿ
жٸˣʡ
Īæ񣬿ʱе㲻ȣԼİˡ
ĵǧˡڣ̳İȫȫˡֲ㣬Ҫ첹롣
Īһ˼ͷðͣȴҿڡԴƺȥǸϣͲǸҪǱСŮˡ
Ժ᳣ȥġĪ˾̳ܰǵİΣҵİΣ𣿡
ҲĪһȥڵϡ
ȥ̫յۻЩȿ̨סվ°ǰƻáһع»һߵĹŮҲҹĻᣬȹ۵ʱ⡣ֻ̫æˣǰֻڲ׺¥ĥ¡
ŮǽĿ˿úܡ
ȴֹˮ˼
Уһת۾ǰ˲ϱˡ
ǹŮһЦת뿪ˡ
ڳգֳеԽԽ࣬ƺһʮʮ٣˵֪̳Ǻ󶼸˹
ˣ³ҲкܶΪ³̲ܳ붼Ǯˣ̣³³Ҫġ
̳Ϊ˷³ˣһ³˺ϻȻͲ˰
̾һ³̸ˡ⡱Ѱｻ³̣̳Ǻ󣬵١̡
ȻǺϻҲռһıˡ
һǺСĵģô򵥾³̣һϻ֮³ƭǸô죿ְ취
һʼֻһ̳˵ǲģǸ³˵Ļͳ˳ţԼĵطѻٽʱҪٻص̳ǡ
̿ȻʲôûѵóһˣôЩ
³̾ȻЦ̳ͻǾе׬αԶأ
̻Ȼ
ѴκĽ͵ܿһաȻصĻң͸ġ
º˵κȤ£˳һٷ˸裬Ÿǡ
ؼҺ˵ϯˣ棬Ǹˣ֪ôģ««ܳ谮
׼СӰ׹᲻֪ô±ɱˣ««ȴܵĳ谮һնеͬͬʳ׼Ϊ««˰׹ᣬ««ѣ««Ȣ˰׹ŮǸŮпպ󣡲ܰ׼Σ׹֮ĸ֮޶̵꣬Ͷ««׹֮޻Ѱ׹Ǯȫ««
ô««ߣĸףϯڴ˵ȢҲٴθļޣϯµĲƲǵСӡ
ýζϯ̣ؾӪȻ죬Ҫ֪Զ㵱ǵͬͷֻˮһա
ϯˡ
ȥݷùĺͲټˣĴֻ׼һҡȻģֺαȥұˣ
ķΪš
̻ס뿪Ϊ°꣬ع͸ĴѰˡأ֪˭֪˭Ȼ֪ǻȥʱֻҪǰͷܰһ֣˸գ
Ը߼ЩˣģҲˡ
û˵ãṳ
ṳᣬҲˡͶ£ΪͣԼ϶Ҫˡ̿ˣܾЩ
˶᲻ϣ˸жݡԼôݣԱֻݡ
ṳ̣ȥκԥǡ
һ֪֮Ҳ뵽ǳûٵĺʱ
ȸժǹժǹԸ񣬵꽪󽫾һȺҰ˺ɨκ³£ǵء
ɲȥ
еڣ֪ͲˡȻȸ˹Ͳõڶ˴õͬϢ
ϴṳȥĿ϶Ҫﻳˡ
ԥһ£ֻôӦ
ṳƽʱأÿҲֻȥôһءһȥܾغ񶼲ǰˡ
̴˸ȦûֱȥκǴ³
ṳ⣬ȥɳǵķ򣬲ɵʣȥɳǣ˵˵زƣΪҴߣ
̵ǰɳǣ̳ǡ
ṳȻһһǸɲС£ضɳ˴󶯵ҲȻһûѣȻңգĵĸĸĸ֮Ҳĺôڳòˣĺϲ¡ڵ£ǰ㲻ĵģҲȥ֪ö࣬ǷǾͶࡣ
ֻܸһ󡭡
ṳɬһЦԶɳǣ̳ǡ
ǻǣ⻹٣ǿ¶壬ࡢ࣬ŢƳ
Խžʹͬˣһžеһȥ̷ǵ߼ʣͣ·ߣڼҵּۻۣЦ
ڰڷŸֻǼΪ˵ļ۸̯к·Ŀˣ˶ԻȤ̯̰ѿ飬̯ϵ
ƽ·Ħ࣬ӱȱȽǡ
⡢ɳǣ
˵ֳţ
ṳɵۣҲЩԾһǰЩ̯ӻˣȴ붼³ˡ
ʱˡЩ³˽̳ǵĵ֮㣬Լֶۣڴ˵ˣ
˲̳Ǿ³̾ü͵ļ۸пܰ׵ãʱôߵĻڴ˵ذ̯
˵ֱޱˣ
̶⼵Ǹ³˸öã
ǰ߾ܿˣṳƽ·ͽֽǰڷŵĴˮףͻȻ뵽ʲô
߹һ֣ܿͷͽβڷŵĴˮףˮʯͷΪ˷ֹʱˮˮԵʱҪڸ׵
Щ͵ժǹһ޶
̿ṳɫҲ˵ĵط³ȥҰ
˵ȵ˵أûȥݷһ¹
ṳûعȵȻӦȥݷáѵ̫أ
Ц˵زͬһרǵˡ
ṳľһСǣȻһר˵ĹԱ
֪ǺˣҺñº񡣡ṳ
̵˵Ҳľأʱ֪ˡ
ˣṳץһ㣬ʵһ̵ֽ¡
ص;ӣ˰ҹڶ糿ð常ӽһš


223 
һСһܵ굽ţȺУѰңڲ϶￴һɻˣһͷľŽɫĹ⡣
壡У壡
ֱӣûˣ¶һ˫üȴʾǸˡ
ΪߴкܵǰûߣҲǿ࣬񱳣ֱ϶ëΪûʲô˸۸Ҳȥ۸ˣÿֻͷɻ
кܳһǸˣϲתתȥ
˽ˡ
ȥк˵
İְϲȾƣϲǮϲŮˡĸͷûаߣƽʱҲѻƸɣʱǮǴ䡣
üкΪʲôǹȥ
кҡͷ˵֪
ккæѱڳȥ
ԺйϢġ
ǰڡѧġ
ǰ񱻵һۣصߣټֵǣ
ٸһλᣬһߣҲҪֵһ𣬴һ
ʱ뿪·ѡ
ߣпܻᱻץ
ԼǮߣҲпܱץ
˵ҪһΣյ£ܲߵ˶ס䶼δӹһ١
֪ͽһߣ̫صˣ۽Ǳ֡
ߣֻᱣ
áᡣ־һ߾Ҳûֶ˵Ҳ
ʱϲū˸׿ʰūô죬ū˵Ȼ˲ҪˣǾȥҵˡ
ԭṳ
ʱ֪ԭūڱ֮Ȼǵṳ
Űū׿ɴʱٸ߹ѾûбҪˣԴŰūŻɱϸһֱ²ֱ֣ء
ŷ֣ԭūֻ̫ˡ
ǻص˶˵໰ūǵṳ֣ȥϡͿֳṳū
ṳ֪ǻˣūҲȥṳԾˣͼԼӣÿ˯ѸɻϳԷ˯
ṳʱѾȥһꡣ
ṳΪʲôأū˵ΪҪˣṳ˵˲Ҫͻˡ
忴óū˵ģϵṳû뵽ūĻˡ
Ϊṳʹ£ðūϸ϶ıģ
ṳʹūͳͳش֪
ṳûʴǻȥɻ
Ѿˣṳ񶼰Ǹˡ
ΪʲôͻȻҪأ
ūڻɻˣÿ춼ڲݶ˯ȥȾơūǶûǮǮǶĲӮġ
ܻģְȥ󣬽̸ǺܶϷԺ㹫С֡
ѧĶô䣬ѧô棬ôúãȻѧôȻ
ֽǵȣЩūĶС˼ɵľǰѿӶ
һ֣Ͱūūм㣬û۸֮󣬽Ͳٶˣǰūȴ˿һӮƺȡѣֻڰū˶ĵʱҲȥģ˵ǮӮѵҲ˲Ҹūġ
Ͼǰɸס
صǵʱū˯ȳȥӾƣѰūѾƵݸ
ūһ͸ˡ
ʱ˵˽ǹȥ
ūһŷӦýһͰˮˮҡҡλε͵ðͷˮͰкüϢ̧ͷϡؿڶʪܵģ·ˣٰͰˮȫܵѾơ
Ȱū·ã˲ŵǰͷȥ
ûмǣֻ˸ǣҪһš
˵ӣһлƹ˰ѰūͽҪˮʳǵľƾͻˡ
ͰūҹūľƲˣԼˣԽ˵ǲҺȾƱ˷֣ǵˣ
֮ǰûӡˡ
ԺҾ˵ֻںȾƣûкȣǰˡū˵
Եǰ˵ȺȵͷͣҲ˼ˡ
ҹ΢ū˸磬Ųſڣѽ強档
硣
岻ūƺܺãȴΪҪӮǮʹ˵ãܷ򣬰ūǰ棬
ʱ޲ɱʱȴѪˣĸӡ
ˣеˡǶܴ֪͸øԵġȵġ
˰ǽ⿪Ƶȥǵ·ˮǣΪ˳ȥմϵζ
ū屧סͷ˸͸֮󣬲ű·ϵǰ
ṳϳǰūƹ˵Ǿ档ṳǺͷ
ƹ˳ṳΪʲôҪˣ
ṳ̾ϢϣҶˡ
峿̳Ǳһ
·ϣṳڴϵȻȻķֳɶߣ߶࣬ࡣ
ֵ˸һһ˱Ÿ¨ӣһߣһ߼·ߵʺ
·˻ʺЩ˾Ȼڼ
ṳ˺һʵ벻ףԻƹ˵ʰ𣿡·ߵķֵʰ𣿲ӷѹ
Ѿˡƺû
̴ṳѳͣʮ⣬ѾͣʮˣжǣһԵĲУר̺
ϻû£Աߵ˽͵Ϊ˱ʺŪǰ·
ṳҲľӸղͷһ·ûпжˡ
ЩжǹìҲ޻˵³ӣṳ˴СŽȥˡ
ͥԺзţЦ棬йߡ
ǽţ·žֹһǡ
˵ṳжԾҲԾĵͷϢǰ̧ͷĴ
һԺԶˣü˾ͥԺȺšгʶ⣬Ҳʶڡ
ԺһСͯǵ⡣Сۣͯ˵ĻһǴ˽̵ģһһۣģ϶𲻳
еֶΡ
ṳо㤲ѣԺоôСģ
ǿСͯף¶֪Ȼͻ˵ЩС̵ֻͯ˼仰ѣģǶ֮ͻĻѧ
̾ͳǿСͯ˾ͺáҵѣ
Сͯʣڳ𣿡
ͷֻ·˵أкǰҲ
СͯһҾǾѣԵƬ̣ͽȥˣȻ£Ҫڴ˵Ⱥʿ
̵ֻǵľʶ
Сͯͷ˵ˣͱıˡ
Сͯߺṳ̣ʶ
̷㲻õʶ
ṳ³£º˵ϾṳҲǸֻǴûľȻṳҲеԾ
ṳô£ľôˡ漰أ뻹ǰѻʻȥˡ
Ȼǡʶ̲סȥ˾ͻ룬˾ͻ֪
Ѿ¶Ҫǰһжøɸɾ
ǲܷǣ
ṳһ˵ūͣһûԼϣûм磬ûˣ
վڴǰµṳСͯΪܿ
ṳЦСͯ˵ȥ̫
ʼҴҸվڴǰ߹ȥʲôˣ
Ǹˡǰժǹ
ʱʼļһڣĸ壬ֵܽáһ˵֣³ˡ
ǴˣʼüҪҪȻһ¡
˼һ߻عбȽҪпͲܷŻȥˡ
˵ô˵ʼѾҪˡ
ȴЦҡͷһ֣вܷǡ
ʼûӡ
κˣκϯֶ֮
ʼһ£֪ϯȴмֶӣֶֽʲôֲ
ҲԳԾû뵽֪
֪ҲǻԵɺϣҪлϵĸ
Ͻι˵ҽҲϲҩȻҲȥκûʱ˵£˵һκ˵Ȥ¡
κҲǴҹӣƽƽ棬ûʲô£ͺøɫ
ɫҲõ𡣾ǴЩϣϻʱʮʮˣ˵ȢСӣһҪҩӡ
Ȼһζҩǰǰƭ˰ɣϾƭȥˣŰˡ
ߣ˵С˸ӣ
һ˵ܻȥɷǵ˺ôһǮܾҽˣٴˣ˲ȥ
ҲСĴţϾŮӿ϶ˣϵĲãǡ
Ȼ˵˵ĴӣΪϵСӣһ֮£ˡ
ϣŶԭˡ
Цˣô˵ṳǸˣԼļĸȾ˺ӣԼܵܣ̼е󣬳رҪģʼǿ϶ܲ˵ġ
ʼӸղžһƺֻһĶ䡣
һʮ겻ؼңֻǸԼ֮ˡԹ˸ζȴܵʮˡ
ʼߣǸСˣ
СҲáһ£ߺ丸ЦšǸӱ̵ֳܴĸˡҲ˵ṳҪǻؼңǸԼ׶ҲҲûˣ׵˶һȥͣȥСĸҪǳ˵һ䣬ֻ丸ǰлˡ
Ȼ֪ṳʲôãñûúá
Ҫ޷ǿԸи㡣תڵȥκԷŹҪǵȥ֣
κֻһʱģ̳֣ǳ֮ߡԼȥˣṳϵ֣һá
ӦԼǣ
ʼҲûԥȻˣĹĹͷɣ


224 ֮
չʱ̺ṳűȥ˵ǶûʲôԹԡ
˵ȴѡ̱̽һ¿ṳϲʶ˾٣ˡ
ṳҲʧʶѡ
ĺ̸Ҳ̸θãṳҲ̸ѧƬ̣ö˷̹Ǵ³ȥκЩ
ǡ硱·ˣרųԼġСֵܡṳ⡣
ѵϣ̳Ǳ飬ףǴ˷˳Դ˲Ϳ͡
˳󣬶ЩġˣҲݹɽˣɸüû̽Ҳû̽
ϳ̵ȵڴ˵ش̽һ
һʱ䣬ܵȵǿûϢֱӴṳͷ
ȥκĻҪ̳ǵľӻ͡
ṳͷӦȥ̾ͳŷˡ
·ϾЩᣬջصǰ˺ȥ
ūڱϣ԰ѲһӣҲȥ
û㡣˵˰ūһۣߴ󣬲Ҷֻ֣Ǻȳȥݣ
֪ūǵֻǱ˼죬ûֻ˶°гȥΪ˴
˽ȥġ
ȥĵط㻹ǵ·𣿡ṳʡ
վڽ£ͷǵá
ṳһ֣һһ߹ȥݸ
͵̹ݡṳ
岻̧ͷסУС
̽һ¡
Ȼֻȥժǹժǹӡ̫ˡ
Ƿڽֽűߵˮ͸ģ²ģ뽪صĽЩ̵ӡ
һκĹ¾δ뿪κˡ
²κԾӣκ࣬Ҳա
κӢһȻֻһӼλǣɱ̾
廳УһǳһŵĻص
վڽֽöĲֱǰСͯȥ
ǰСͯ·Ϸɽ֪ǵ۾ˣ·˳õעŸţһסЩ˵ףȥߡ
ŬһСͯǰһҾҼҡǲ񡣡ɬ˵
Сͯһ񣬡ԴͽȥͨѽȥվͥԺ֮Сǰǽͼı죬̾Ҫ
Ƭ̣СͯкŴ
һţֹһţ߹һȣֹһȡ
Ѿ˸ΧˣԽԽ
޹ģнС
Сͯһǰվ̨º㣡ڲڣ
߳ϻЦ壬ˣ漴ץס壺ǰ壡ǰ𣡡
棬ſ죬ȴ˵һ仰
Ҳϳ˰Էǰժ¥̺ĹŮٸ˵Լǡ˵ǹŮ˵ժ¥Ŀˡ
ȥСͯûиȥ̨ףŽĵıȥ̲סĽ
ΣѾεˡ
˭ŮǷ׷ܳ
ҿ񡭡ǰ̺ˡ
ǰɣҼǵá
˺ܶˣеʶеĲʶ
һݣ߹һţȻǸǰ˹
ȻѾȥ˺ü꣬һôһ۾ϳ˽塣
Ϊͳúеһ
˵ҹ˯ŵʱĬĬڶʲôˣӳ˰ɣûжӣûܿࣿƽɡ
뵽Ǿͻһۡ
Ǳֵöô£ôˣǾǺӡͬʱҪϾŵȥĽǣܻȥ
ҪΪǺáǣҸ˲õİɣ
ôǣôõأ
εĺڣ͸ڽǰǸߣǸŽҲãظѧЩûõĶֻҪһǿ֪ôԼҵԵģôԼˡ
ߣ̸ʲôĶ
ûС
ʵʲôҲû̸ǡ֪һ죬ӦöǸòŶԣ
塭
е´
ûʲôˣֽŶڣȻûдЬ£ͷ棬ƺһֱڸںúõվǰ
ſ죬ŬһŸҺ塣ıһûˡ
ȴˣ¶һƿЦЦݣ޴ĹͶأȻ̧ͷɫгһ±ߵĺӡ
վ߹ȥסѾߴöк壬Һǡ
ߵ׺¥ǰ洫ĺſǿޣҲǺ
ʼ˵и˴ֱӱ쵽߲Ÿϻġʣ˭
Ȼָӵ˵ǹǰͯ
ܣֻ⽪Ϊʲô޳صߺҲкüն˯ÿΪԼΡ
ڻּ𣿹Ҫ
Ҫͺǰһ㲻ɡ
ǣȴòɽ·ԼǷڹκˣֻҪ˽˹;޷뿪ˡ֮ǰзģڼڸܵ˽Ľ֮Ž廹ٱѹ
ʴǿƺʲô⽻ӭж⡣ţڹǰκҲκο־塣
˭ܲأ
ǰϵʹĵص޳ˡ
ȥ·ͷ·Թ֮󣬹ѾѰūҲҪˡ
忴ūһ
߹ڰū£Ϊū֪ʲôģ˭ԣ˭ôڹأ
ɵ¶İѰūṳʱ˼һ
ͣūס˵ȭͷԵȸԡǸմֳǳǰص·;У߲߳·ŵѪūһֱ·ūӻ
ū˵ǿǾͻᱻֿˡʱǰһˣһô죿
ԡͰޣˮ£˿ڿޡ
ڿūҲͷжȻһɡ
ūЦ˵˰͸ˡ
˵Ǻ¡
¶ˡ
ԺᵣֻҪ֪£͹ߵˣ㲻Ҳûйϵ
á˵־˰ūǡͻеҪˡ
ڵǹǷṳĶ飬ҪṳʱĻһӦġ
ʹκָһЩûн£ṳδظţͻͰūԱɡ͡һκߴȥκṳƽκṳеӴӦ
šͷȡκҪ£ºṳȡ֣Ҫ󡣡
ʼڵˣ
ʼѾҵκ³·ˡ
ԥ̫صǿ⣬ȻµҲܹڹ󡭡Ҫ֪̫ôΪκͶɶһЩССˣκѵҪ˼ʲô
ܰһȺҰɵľôѵκ᣿ǲΪѶɱӺܻɣɱˣɱ˲ԥ̫صĶⲻˣ
ܵκȥֻκ³ĵطҵߵ·˻á
ô죿ɱʱ̶ˡ
ʼҪһͬСҵ֮Ͱɱˡ
ǻκ³ı߽ߣ쵽̳ǵʱŴ߽磬̳ǣٴ̳ǳȥ
ʵ˽
µֳɣ̳ǳһȻ˽ǡ˵ĻӺζתһȦ͵ϴɾԵûĻˡ
ð׮һơ
Ҫṳ
Ȼ˸ṳȥκ˵Ҫһ˸ṳȥκǼٵģġ
Ҳߡ߸ṳߣĿǵõ֣İ취ߵĿκˡ
ո
Ͼǵй̳
૵֮࡭
˯


225 ˹
Ͻ䣬˲кЩСĵʣɳġ鹫𣿡
е㲻š
ǰɳǵ󽫾ҪʲôǾҪʲôҪٳǾҪ͹ȥ
һǰȥһɳǣΪиڹţͼҪֺϵ˶ȥ
һº󣬽˵˵ɳǹˡ
ţ
󽫾أ
ˡ˵
ǲţ
ɡɲš
Ϊ˭óжˣǰĽһ궼ѵö˵һ仰Ҫȥɳˣпܼˣϴ軻·ӣȻ·һ׾ǸؤͷΪ߶һѴСؤ
ʱѾеˡⲻֳǣֳʱ潫ʳкܶ˶ǿڹϲҽԽ벻Թƴӡ
ڹܰｫʲôأ
˲֪ǻܲǴŭűϳֳ󽫾Ľ殣ﲻ˽֣۽ֺ֪˶ٳȥⶼǮ
𻹴㡰ֱԡһ
¶ģɳѾ췭ظ
һߺڣһߵǣΪҲԹ˵Ƶġԡ¹ǳ
֪жݣֻҪ뵽Ǹնֵ˾Σܾһֵľˣ
ҪȥΪ˸ҪĶٸͷҪùټǺǶԽ̫˰

ȥһҲǵһ˶ֺϻ᲻ʲôʡȥִ֡
ҴҸϻȥֺһ糣ֺѾϰ˽ġͳΡʿˣûʲôϵ
Ǿе㲻ԣһЩȱܿˣһЩܷܲһսơ
ŷƵ˾͵һجģӽֺϲٳֺֻ̳
̳ǣ

кÿ;İ˶ˣ׼̳ǵĽשߡ
ˡЦ£ϲ衣
Ų͵ĳеš´󽫾¡
֪һջûʵУٱߡ
æԾڷãܰĴæߣǲɻȱġ
Խһˡ˵ʵһѾк̺򡣿ɽǶһȱݣûܹǲʼãǣǵá
֮ǰֻչʾ˶֪ˡ
ܹȥ
壿Ҳϳˣòڵ꽪мǺɫġ
󽫾£˴
ˣҲһ¸˵
վ࣬ǰվλá̫ߴˣͯʱСվܺʣھе㲻̫ԣ
Цһۣô£
æҵ
˵ִǧٳȥͰֺʱڳ׼ˡһ£ˣֺǱ߻ɣ
˵ţҴҶһ˵ٸټףһǧﶹϣ͵ֺȥ
͹ȥ֪д鷳æϹ
ֺ˾ǿһУֻҪڣֺʱʳҲš
ɽһʱڳȫˣҲˣֺϵ˿϶½ǲǴأǲǲҪֺˣ
ȥɡͷתԽ˵һˡž̾»رˡ֪Ϊôçײ
ϣȴ˵һЩ𾪵Ļ
صġ䰲οǧңץɱ˱ǡ
ӵĸ̾ʿհ
߰ɡ˵ȥһ
վ߳ȥͽں档
һͷ
˵վֱ̧ͷͦأ
æվֱ¡¡졣
ڲˣǹ̴ӡȥһ˵־䶼Ӵڽߣǵǰôǵ𣿡
Ǿǹӡ
Ǵõ·õʳ
ǵһһʹ
ϥʾˣϳ˹ǲκˣ
Ѫڣ
Ѿ·ĲЬ·ϻѬ㣬Ϊͷڴñӡ
Ѿˣȴ̲סͷ
̨ʱȥĽºǶͷ
㱼䣬Ѿ
ҲˣڱԾԶԶĿˣܹţײˣȴȻ֪ӲȦڽӽʱͷŻŲõ̳
аˡ۾૵
ڽǰͣ£῿Ĵ۾ˮģ飬һŮڿİˡ
ĳ׼Ѿסɵȥˡ
ûиѾԼˡ
ðɣ滹ͽ塣
Ժ˵ɡ
ҲûԺ󣬲˭ŶҪжµ
ǣһ߳ȥ
ﱾƺϰ֮أҪʱҲױȥڿտĹֵĵطʲôʱһԼױ
нҵģȥսķǶԵģҪһֻͻһֻȮȻͻһҪ
ױͷ߱ģĵ˵̫Ƿģỳɡ
۽塣Ȼģòں̶ܴȷʵ谭ķչ˵Уױպ뵽˻ô˵һûĵҰޡڳ˵òͺ飬ټǻ˸ӿ־
˵壬мҪȥһ㵽Ҫϸá
æӦ
۹漴µҪ½塣ΪҪǰȫǡʱǸѵһ֧ױʱ
ţȴи˹·ߡû˵Ȼŭնȵ
ʿƺץūֻͷþ˵Ļʹհ졣
ƺĲ࣬ڱ䣬ȫɢԭ鳤ʲСҪôְع飬ֵıȽ׵ȫͷ˹ȥ൱๤ˡ̳¼ʩеĵһߡϧɱ˻ɻáȻȺСһ
ƺ漸ɳǵĺΪľһܲõʶ˶Ҿ̨ˡʧ١󣬽ӹɳǣȰеľӶϵ˾ӪУȰͷĶץˣ;ūֿɵɳºȥӪʱӪѾܶˡȫСΧŹɱ
ǣû˴Ӫ
ĵĳǸһɿӪԲŻ赶ɱˣ󲿷Ϊпƺʧ١ðҰĵˡ
Щ˹һûӣȴȽɱļһ֮£ȫƺ쿴õˡ
ɱЩ֮ʣµ˾ͺܰĵȿӪˡ
֮ĪԡӪˣͷβ˳ò˼顣
ŷ֣ƺûڴ˿̣ٹ꣬ʱҲЩС
һȺǣ
ڣ쵽ūȥˣǻҪȥǽڻǺӡ½ǳأкܶ룬Ҫһһʵ֡
Ҫĥϵԡ
ԺһٶˣһʮˣһǧˣʱĻ
һһúܺãرǽɱʱ
ǸĻǰʮһѷȥ˲ͰѸ𰴵ڵأѾٵˣ
󺰣
ϳֹǣˣһڸʣһƬСС̳
һȣ˲亹
ô£Сʽ䡣
üյٲǰ𿴵񿴵ǣæң
һְǰڽǰ
Ʋ˲ܣֻӣȥֻҪʾһ£Ҳ˫̤ڴ˱ģܽһ
֪ı¡
ǰҲ˵
䣬к£
һ꣬һԵȫ˵ˣ˵õģʱС˼Ҳ˵ˡ
һЦٿѾĿ¶׹ˣһæ䣬ˣȥѵ
һƾ֪⣬ˣˡ
ǻҪء˽䣬ȴҪ£ҪúýѵǸֲ֪ϸˣֻΪǽľͿڹճҪڣ
˻ôܰģ
ȥԽ˵ú̺
Ӧ£ȥҲڽһΧŹγȥ
γһյϡڽ˵Ҫͻ˴˵ء
λڶеĽ紦еһ۾ܿ
ǰһƬհ׵ĵطͻȻðǧЩ˵۾ˣ϶ϲߡһȺһͺܲǵıΧţǰˡ
ҲˡǼЩˡ
ԭֺϵ
ԭԺֺϵֺֻ̳ܵϲˣ
ʲôʱȥ̹ݣҪ̸ʲô۲ý˾ٵͷЩأֻˣ
ڴʱǰʿ·ΧȫߣȻʿì⣬Դ
Ƭ̺ƥƥڰϵŮժǹ
еֳǼժǹ˿һĻ̾˹ٵá
ֳ꣬Ǳ̳ǣժǹժǹ


226 
ξ㡣
ʹúõһ㣬ǧ೵ͳõһ㡣
ȣ
ô࣡
ſյϵһж£һ򿪣ֳоǵ۾ˡ
ɸ˭óһֵǮ
ɫáͷ鱻ˮϴɾ͵ǰ˵ͷŴ뿪γϵɸڼ˵һֱΧֱҹ
ҲĻ
Ƕ˵Ϊ˳Եɾõβġ
һݳ޵ĹһǿɡȨʢĹ˵ãǿʱҪľǱ˶ľ衣ΪˣԸñ˶Ϊһ
ѡο鱻ٺ¥ԼһΡ
俴СеˮѾǰ˵˵׷Ʒңһɲ̫ŵζ
ƽʱԵΣ
˰Ѳƿȴ󣬰ıȽϳˮкܶϸĳ
𣿡ʡ
塢ʼĪҲе
ǣ˰ɡ˵
ﱻȥϴѸղŵˮȥһֱӲֱɣϽһҰɫĶڸв̫ԡ̵ûӦþΣȴǿΣһЩӡ
ʱѾˣŻĹ⿴̫ǰ׷ƵĶηۣǺܲηۣ
۾ҪֱˣʼҲһľϲ
弤Ҫˣ𣿡
ǡ˵ⲻΣ˵⡣г֮⣬бĿˮʡ
ôǣָմһ㣬һڣ϶Ρ
ǿġ˵
һڣʼҲųˡ
˶ü
˵ЩطģҲԵȻԵο϶ͬ
ͷǰԵĶΣһȥ
ʼĪܵľ˭뵽ξȻôȡģȻ֪
ⲻΡ˵֮ǰӦҪҺзһֶг֮ʽᾧкͣΣĲܳԵΡ
ڼʲôͲ֪ˡ
̳ҲΣȻûô򵥡
ⲻǸҳ֮⣬ʣµ˶ΪƳξͿˡ
ʼЦµİγԣѾܸˡ
û˵ȻǾĺˡ
˵ǾͲɣЩεԼȥơ
ѡľɸʣµļǷֵȻһ
ʼԭһֵȼͿߵļǮ¡
ڶ죬ҲٴյƺԺһյ
ǰ̳ǵֻǲ²̳ǵһ࣬ȷ˴£Ϳʼ񡣶Ҳܿͱˡ֡ˡԨԴҲܿ챻֪
̳ǽĵһڣڱֺϵˡ
̳Ǹ˵Ŵֺϵǳõͣڴ˵أǽ̳ǵһŵ㡣
ȻŵĵطҲԽԽˡ
ȴֻγϷΣôһ˵ͻ̶˲Ϳ͡
̺ṳ˽۴£˶ܿó̳ЩһģȻ̳ѡһʵ
֮˭ܸ̳ҪĶЩβŻ˭
û˲ҪΣǾõ
ͲסˣóȻڣҪһպŻȥ˾١
ṳ˵͵ܿߣ
ô˵Ϊṳһа취ġṳסң죬ˣлִһߵһȻ֪Ǹʲô·Ȼṳһϲ
ṳҡͷȤҴǲһ֣Ҳһֻ֡ڵ¡
˵ܻʳṳֻ̳ΪκһҲܡ
ֻҪκҾ־ͽܣĻȥܱģ޲ͻ
̾Ϊṳǲ˷飬Ǿֻٵһˡ
󣬹ǿ϶ϢųģҲ֪ҪʲôͿ˭ϵĶˡ
ս֣նˡ
ڳеڱš˵͵Ϣˡ
̾ϣܿһ㡣紵֮ǰ
Ϊ̳Ѿûдˡ
ҺĶ졣κ³Ϯ˼̶ӣºʱ£Ϣڴ̳ǡ
̳ǵˮ䵽͹һˣ
˵Щ߱˷ʲôһһǻٳĳ˰ҪǮͨһؽڣǿ
ǿеĽеĲеɱ˻Żᱻ˷类Ұ޳Թʬǡģô·ȫĻֻҪܷߣһ·Ǿˣ
γֵǿǲġ
ǿһˣ˵κԥǵ£ŻƴҴҸκȴܵؿûڲݴеʬǣŵ˻ȥºǰȥ̽̽˻ɵˣ˵ʮ·ɢپʬףˣǱŹģпʯ
ʯʵҰ˳õĹ֮һûľʯʯʯ
·Ұ˳û
ϢȥκˡκҪƸȦκڵһôӭˣǵĳ˰еߴųɣڽºձ飬ץһ˵ǴץȥͷҲûȥ˵˿ܼʮδ֪ôģ֪ˣѵٲɣǽץҪȥ棿
ο³̳Ƕ˵ŴǱĳûеġһȦǻ·
ôأǮ˸ȺҰˣ
ܿ˵һǮȥҰ˵¡
ȥʽӲӣⱾġҵҵǰǿǿһֺϸ
ӣҪǮ˵ǴκʲôҪǧһǧ
ʼԤԥǴеһǧǧ֮䡣
ԥ̫ظóӦһǧ˰ٽ
бȻôˡ
ʳ˵ǿϸ
ĻʳЦǸֻøʳȥңҪбֺûֳǵڶ䲻ľ£װɵȻˣԼȥԼҲܺ
ˣȥͼˣҪҪ
˻ȥһʳø㣬ǧһ̧ܸ̾
ⶫǴǣСһĳδػУ
ҪԥһҪһӲĹϵܰԼݽȥȻһȺǺǣץȥͷɵġ
£ֻǳǮһ˵ԣӦôһǮ
Ϣܿ˶֪ˣڣѾֺϣǰġ˻ˣʳ벻˼ңûվŹ𣿹̳ǣƺϳˣȱʳ𣿽Ҫ
ͳˡ
̵˵ȥ׼׼ȥݷá
ߺṳ֪˵ĹͨȫȥɣṳټȥεھɹǽǣǺܻ
ȥˣʻƹ
ƹ˵ҪҪȥҰһ£γ
ȥ󣬻ƹ֪Ȼǵժǹժǹľˡû뵽깫䵽ɳǣȥأҡ
ƹежͣؾۣεȸˣ
ңȻʮν壬ŻȥͰγڽγϷ紦һǰ滹ɴǰм㣬ͯǲȻṳ˵ǰ˾ˣʱȴǴֻԣʵͦԲģûиĴеվסšƹǾСһˣ
˰ɡṳ˵ȥҲЮԱʲô˼ңô˵
ƹԲģĴܵγ塣
Һý廹飬ͯͨˣæӭ£ϲ裬˵κ³̵£ʹӦȥһ£ոϢ
ƹϣϲĻȥṳ
ҿҲô˵ƹ
ṳȴüĵǲڵء
պ󣬻ƹȥȻˣ뽪󽫾˻κ³磬󽫾ӦԲʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ṳɲ˵˵ֺϽɣԲҪ
ƹȴ㲻ɣʲôֵģһ󽫾ռֺϣǾǸ۱裡ʲôҪȥ̣˷Լˣ˸ҰˣȻᷢͻܺ
ṳǡǴӦأδ䣬Ͷˣ
Ǿ׬ƹ
ǣһʼòҪ˵󽫾ˣô죿
ֻһ취
ڽǰЦ󽫾ǧٽʳֻвһǶ
һͷ
̲µõ˼Ҫòãʳ
ǧ·ϡ󽫾׼ˣ
æ󽫾һǧС˵ȷʵòСһᾡȥֻҪ󽫾ҵƽԽ߽絽κȥ
ͷҲأЦƭĳֵΣ
̿ЦĳȥκҪģ·ϵҰˡɢҲ޴󽫾ͣҵȹ;֮ΰο󽫾۳ǧȡҵȹͷкѣСƭ󽫾
Ẓ̇˵һǧܴ٣
ҧβУĳԸ󽫾ģꡭڣΪ󽫾ȡһǧΥģ󽫾ֻȡĳĹͷ
ұ㣡
̴ϲһ󽫾ܱǰˣ
ĳô󽫾ʧ
ص׺¥߽Ƶĵƹ£ƾһ򣬾ժ¥һ
פ᲻ú᲻ôһĻ
ǽЦŷֱôȴ
󲽽ǰȲ˵Щ˰ϵʳóˣǧＴձ㵽ʳ͵ˣҾȥκ
ס֣һʱ֪˵ʲôһжļƻ˳Ľˣֻǧƪһɵ˵һ䣺һ·Сġ
һҲҪǴµⱼжã


227 
̻صңṳ
ṳ֪²
͵ܿգĳĹʧһоϲı飬ĳѾͨؽڣպ󣬽󽫾ͻҵǰκزᵢ͵ܵ£
ṳȻ飬л˵һϵţȻ֪Ĳ࣬Ūȴˡ
ò״ߴˣƹƻţṳ˯ϴ꣬ͷϷ
ƹ֪ṳ֪Ϊʲôһء֪ṳʱҹ˯رҪĸκԥǵ֮뿪֮ǰ޷ߡ
Ϩĵƣֻһյǰˣ˯ɡ
ṳ̾һ
˯ɡƹϨеĵƹųȥˣһƬڡ
ṳǺ˯⣬ҳһţܼҡκȵȵ¶С
Ǹ졭
۾ڵѪ
ԸǹģΨһڵľһƣ
ɬŮ峿Ҷϵ¶ˮƺһͻʧ
ֱڣ֪úԼǸúޡ
Ǹ췢£Ҳվⶼ̨ϣΪκϱ˰ɡ
κ볼֮໹̫ȨѬģЮκ֮£ٻֱԣعͲǲܷǣ
Ǹֻ̫СٵҲȾָԥǣóн⵱Լ˽ɱɱ
ṳ˫ֽץסӣ˻һӶˡ
յٽҲǲܷǡṵ֮ū
βǹȥκ֮Ѫʳ
κ飡Ϊκˣ
ṳҧţн
糿ƹ׼緹ȴṳһڡֻڣᷢº󣬶˵һȥʰ壬ܲ
ƹʣãʲôʱպǲҪ𣿡
졣ṳ˵
ṳΰڽ£̧ͷʱ˵κˣܷǣժǹ
ܹ
ˡ󣬴ĲУȴӾס
ṳܷº󣬵ֱ˵ұκˣ´չ磬أΪū
ܹ̣պسɴ
û뵽֡佱
ܷǿϵĹȻǷ̡
ܷ̾ùԡ
ôѵղܹκΪ˹ʹΪࣿ
ܷǣ
֪ᱻ˿Ϊỳǲǹü䣬û뵽ȻʵΪĵΪԼκˡ
ǧйʹͻǹˡܹӣںδ˵ĹԣһĨȥκѪ
ܷһȡ
ӳҺ󣬾ΪҲֻˡ⻰ǳκ֮ڣҲ
ҼκˣȻܰԼҵǽǡܷǵ
ܹӲȥκǡκ뿪κ
ܷһ˵ͷ
֪ðաӹʱĲÿ
ʱѾ˵ˣ˿ġ˵̳ɳǵˣһǡȻ̳Ϊ̣ȥȥƸȴ̳Ϊҡ
̳ĹǸЩڳ⿪ĵū
˵ǱΪＮԲܵ˨ˣԿ⣺ҪЩˡ
ɿ˵򵥣̳ǵ˿ڵġ
Թͱ
Ҫάڵľ棬ÿһ꣬Ҫʳ
仰˵ڳˡͷˡ
ܷǵԴӵ֮ʮǰÿ궼Ҫ֣֪֣ĳЩ̫صϿ͡ΪʳԼҵͬʱȥĹ壬ˣҲҰͰ͵ԼլӡūԼ͡
ЦʣܹҲͣ
ܷǵͷҳ⣬̸ôϲκˣأز죬ΪվȽŸڿʼļ꣬ǮȫϣծҪЩϡ
ĸмֵġÿͶҵ˲֪ж٣ˣȴվãվ˭ûϵվλá
Ըһ֮ùΪڷա
ֻҪʡ
ֻҪ̳ǲԥǵ
Ҳκû취øû취ʹӹؽ֣̳ȶԴԥġ·Ļҡͷ
û棬ΪʲôҪܵκȥ
ܰʲôأ˹
ҿ԰֣ܷ
ңʧЦô
ܷǲ
õ̳ȴԲôʳ
ҡͷ
ܷǵ¿תҿ֣򣬶ӹ򡣡
Цˣ֣³ȴߡվǿΪҪŹңᣬܹȡ̳ǣ
δ䣬ͻȻðʮֳּìʿ
Χסܷǡ
ܷǰ㲻ìѾֵǰ
Ҫȡ׾١ܷ˵ôẦأ
ϲϧУϧУƵУɫС˵ܹӿɼҪ𣿡
ܷǾ˼Ƭ̣ҡͷ
Ц֮ǰ˵ܹ̣պسɴǹάҿܹӾǰֶ׵Ժˡ̾д󰮣ƣ׵ѣֻҲںɣԣܹ˵ʵֻòܹˡ
ܷ˫ĿƣŽͻȻһδ
빫Ϊˣ̽׵
Ҳܹѵйͬĵˣ
ܷǵԸΪм£빫κֻ֣Ը빫ıɽ
زκ
˼
κࡢ³ڡ
Сǡ
Ψ³׳Ϊκ֮ڡ
ժǹ³ҲΪŮȴĻգزؽɽ³֮ĸ󻼣³дŮգ
Ψ࣬Ȼʮ꣬ȴ޲ߡ
ϣ««ȥز««ģ˲ڣ³ΣκΣ
³дй롢ժǹ
ʱκΪеľ
˻ʡ
ܷǵ̫««غǡõʱңԹѵһ£
ȻǺ¡
Ϊūʮ꣬뱨ˡܷǵ壬κ࡭
ǵᡣܹ̾ӶκĿ¡
ܷǵ֪ңȥκһù⡣
ĿԴ
߲ܷǣ䡢ʼӺ˳
ֻһܷǲ˵ô࣬ٶһˣֻ½ôྫʵĻˡ
ѽе£ʼˡ
ʼ
ҡͷţҲزš£ǡ
ʼü˷޳һǾøɱ
صĻȻɱ˲ܷǺáҲˡ
κ֣
̾ķϣ᲻ɱˡ
ЦȻĲϵκӦǲٵġ
ʼѵͲıݺ̳ǣΪ³ԣ³һţǲǶκõ̳³߳ǣ̳ǵΪҲᱻ³˼ʱ̳ռ֣ŭ
ҲѵôǾͲҪκ֣ؾͲ¼𣿡
˳֣ʽ䣺𣿡
ҡҡͷֵͷκҪݺ³ʼڳʲôͲ֪ˡ
صʲô
ʳ̳ǶҪʳԷ
ǰʳõˣ˷ŭô
ⲻȻ𣿿Լڻ˰
ʼһ㶡
Цˣʽ䣺Ṇ̀𣿡


228 
̳վڵĸ󻼡ǰɳΪʲôڴ˵رΪ˷Ȼ֮󣬵Ҳ˵³Ԫʱڡ
Լһ£ĺôԣҰɳǵԼĵ̣ζԽ׳һʲôͲҪˡ
ǻһ¸ĳ³ҲΪСֵһᡣ
ѡΪ̣ԭΪǸŮˡ
Ǹˣ²ͨգҲҵ̳Ǽһǡ
ŮˡŮ˵ݲ£ڱ˶Ĺ۸С
һŮΪ󽫾ı߳ǣֻΪеӡǿ
±ҧһڣӶӲʯͷΣҪ򰡡
ǶǶ̳Ƕһνġ
ɸΪ̣Ƽ̳Ǿһȫ
Ȼǡ
̳ھһĴ⡣ǰüƺûбƺˡ
ô죿
Ǿֻѡˡ
Һһ飬һĸǰˣ곯컻һѾ˶ˡ
Ҫɱ𣿡
Ǻһ£Ծķеıӡ
ֻ
ܷߺµĻ˶ĳ
ʼȥ취һصΣȴͽ䡣
һ۽䣬ķӦ⡣
ʼҲַӦ
Ժǣֻϡ
һر𣬴СѧʷǸũϷ
仰˵ûܹҾĽҲͷĴʵʲô𾴵ġ
ʵ굽Ҽҡ
ƷǾҰΪʲô᲻߱أ
һ֣
ͷֻϰĽˡ
ܵͬ峣Ľܵū
ͬһ⣺ѹūūܴᷴ˼Сʱ¶֪ԽԽ֮󣬷ͷϵ޴ĻĸԸһֱΪū𣿵ʱ޴ܷһֱΣūѾʼ췴
ڽңҲõôӽѧһرҵʱˡ
ɲýĶ֡
ʼͬ
˵仰ʱĵһӦ϶ǡɱ
Ϊ뷨ǡ治ݡλӦȥġ
ǲɺͬȵλ˵ġ
λһðͷ϶Ҫ
ǽ˼ҲԶԶʼĽˡ
óʼյ̳ǡ
ΪδķأǻϵĴ󳼡
ͬҲǸµĽޡ
¶ͷ˵ǻʲô
ܲɱϢֳǣ͸Ϊŵù˾ͺпˡ
Ϊͬͷǡȡ֪Ѿݳصļˡ
ʼǲ˵ġҲûҪȥ˵ǣΪһЩϣǿģһЩϣر漰峣ϣΪԼյҲᱻ㵽治ȥ
෴ǽ䡣
ۣ˵ˣ˼ɷԼģûܹⷽĽʼǿݵ˵˵ǶԵģЩ˵˵ͬʱҲͬŲɡ
˵
Ÿ˲Ŀռ䡣
ǡҡͷβ˿
ĻûˡȻĶ࣬Ҳó««̫ûһ֧֧֡ߵңƫƫиľߣģᶦ˵
ͷԣ˵׼ڰ׹󣬷ֳ룬һ֧««̫ӣһ벻֧֡׼ҵӰͼˡΪѳİ׼ңСһ֧֧««ǿģа׳ǵһһҲ««
««̫ӼʳȢ˰׼̫
Ȼ˶˵ѩ̿áҡͷʵԲôҲԸѩ̿««ģ˭ǿ˭һĿȻ
ڶ죬ˡ
ȥҵЩصȻûһ·굽ȨȥǵһϢ
̣ƺصĿɽġ˵ܷǵ£ǲ𣿡ãܷǺһģܷȴҪıǲǹҧˡ
е㾪ϲĶ˵ǵãܷڶѷǵС
侪ȵ룬Ǹ𣿡øκΧҪͱǿȻһСһġˡΪܺ嵽˭
ˣ͵ǸϢѾɱɳһ̫ˣɱ
ھ̳ñƺʮҲװġ
ǲ᷸ġ뿴ľǸ³ͻ
ܷȻ֪ƺ¡Ϊƺǽɱģɱġ
Ҳó̳ʲô̳ǺìܣǾҪ㹻ʳ
ʳ
ɽѾ˵ˣռ̫ʳܷ߷ƺķ߷ߡ
ҪǣҪİ취˵Բܷ˵ҪģȴȡΡ
֪Ҫҡ
ܲµҪ㣬Ҫͷһþȫȡ㡣ǳҺٺ㡣
ҿֺң㿴ǾҶ̰᲻ĺô
ʱԽãռݵԽࡣЦһٸ취òܷùˣ취κϼͣһߡ
װ׻̳ɡ
ת۾͹ȥˡ˵̳ǵʳǧǧ
󽫾ϲ飬֪̾Լˡ
״ƲǰСԽ˵ǡһǧĶϣҾͶ󽫾˹ˡ
俴һۣһǽݣ۶ǣǵʳ
ΧʿǷĺ涼·߶
ûг֣һĻǶڽġչĵһĻ
ڲ׺¥Ҳܡĺ˳ȫȫһ㼦Ƥ
ʼ󾪣ֱϢ϶ڲס𾪡
ûôɡ
ǵģԾ򳵵ʳȦܣһһ߶ΧǧʿԺһǸ࣡
ֻҪйڣ
ֻҪ̳ڣ
ڱǵʳ
ܵǰųìһϵݺһ̣ߣӵȺУǱߵʿһ߻һȥ
ÿ˱һ뱳ųߣֻҪɱ
һȣȥ߰ˡʿȥĶϳˣмûʮΪһȺųųߡ
ۿŴϣ̳δ̾ͺˣϽߣϽߣ
ͷǷ׷׸ԼĻԶĸڶ󣬸κ
ȥмɣ
ֻвһɡҲ˵ֻдŶʮ˸ڽ
Цˣɼ˻Ƕడнͷǰ·Ҳд˲ȥȹһ
˼ˣ̽κ£䡣
ѹֻʮˡ
һ˶ͨˡ
Ц⣬̾ˡ
ҡͷ֪ǴصϢмɡ
ֻǵһ Ժءһ²ܼҵ¡
ͷȥˡ
ߺ̳ѵñЩ
ֺϵԴԴֺϣȴеĺ¹һˡ
ࣿʱһΪһ֧֡

յӣЩܡ
ǵһǰ˵ľˡ

ЩɣϥſȴԾʮࡣ
ǽǲġ
ȥ֮꣬ǰŵЩΪһˡֻ־ûġ
˺ܶ£ټ
ͷڵϣϣȻߣӡ
ϡϡ
ͷڵϣ᲻ͣȴ̧
˵һֱɳǣѹûȹ֮ȴѹԺ󡣵ץʱΪǲû
㡣ǵÿͷֵļ֫Ҳ̫ߣٿֻܼãʱҲһ
ӣһֱ̧ͷԭ
ȥɣȥҺҪԣϢ죬ȶãϰٻֺϡ
˳ȴײڵ
ǳʩһ񣬵ȻˣѵҪ𣿡
Ųͣ˵ţ˵ҪȴŻֺϡ
ҪҡЩί˵
һǴ󽫾ºѵҪ£̾һûжˡ
͵̧ͷҡҡ
˵һЦһСͯңˡȥЩϴ裬·ɡ
ڶ죬õļ֫ƷڰŪСͯ˵
ã˵ģôоЩһľͷмڿմĥ⻬һţƤǰӣߣС
Ϳǰڵľ
ԡ
붮䣬֮ͰǸľֱˣʱͼ
ţƤ󵽼ǹ̶󣬿ǲ
𣿡͵̫
༤ˣ̨»Ӷֱۣ˵̫ˣ
ҪܵȥԣҲжغãܴͷƻ
վ̨ϣͥԺȦͻȻ˵̨£Ͷأ£
˵һصĿһͷң
ң
µϾһƬѪˡ
æͣ
ͻɣֻǲˡ
ˣױ¡
Ҫ


229 ͷ
ٺ¥СͯĶ͵
̴ŵˣСͯȴһҲҶҳ
ǰӲԼܻ
ʶ˶ˡ岮֪ĸ׽ȴǰЩץ˵ɱˡ
˵Ϊ˲ӻԲŵǵɱǵļˡ֪Ѿû˵ˣˡ
ӾۿСõͷʱ֪ļûˡ
仹صŸ׵İ޺ǰɣɱǰɣǰ
Ǳţ뿪磬İĵط֪ʱסֵܡ岮ʶ˶ˡ
룬Ƕ˰ɣ
ʲôʱأ
ûʳû˻ǳԵġˣϡϵˮνʣˣš
ÿʱӪжᷢӲǰĿЩ˴Ѫð˻ǰⶼõġ
ʲôʱأ
һֱڵԼһ졣
ǣһ죬ӪŴˣ˱ϳȥǸſڵʱϵһȺС
ΧСӡ
ԼҲǸСӡڼң껹ܳԵǸƤ
ǱˣЩСȴϵһȥ
ǻ
Сûдܸɻǻ
Ǳºӣĵطϴɾȥûϴɾ˻ٱ
ϴɾֻصӪУÿ춼˴ǳȥɻڸɻĵطԷÿ춼ܳ󷹣һˮҲû£ܳԱ
ȻǾ˵ˣΪ󽫾ˣǹڹǡ

ʲôǹ
˵ǴŮ
˵䵽ġŽϼ֯ɵȹ
û󷹣һǹôõġ
˵һָϾܳʳŻЩū󷹳ԡ
˵ʴȣǺʹ˸һصĻǷֿǣȻɵ٣ʳȴֲ١
ĹΪʲôأ
˵Ҷˡ
Ȼ󣬽˾پˣһ
лûӸߵˡ
Ӹߣɽ˾ҲǴߺǣҪһЩͯ
Ҫȥ̺

Ǳ˺ţإˡϴ裬ͷ·ѧϰô̺
ǲ뱻ϳȥٶˣҪô̺Ϊ˯ʱͷˡֺͱ˳ȥʱġŰסֽŵ˶˳ȥ
˾˵ǲΪϲɱˣֻᱻＮȥɻɺصĻֱȥ
û뱻ϳȥԺû˸ˡ
˾ٰѴҷֿ֪ô£õ˶ֵһͺҪõһ˽˾ߵ̴ӣ˾ʱȴ
˾ٽ˴Һܶණ˵ĳĳʱҪʲôе˵ʲôʱҪѧ˾
ʲôܹʲôҪͨʲôҪͨ˾٣ʲô̫ͨأȵȡ
ʹĶѧᣬСľͲˡ֮ģѧõȥ˴⣬ͼȴѧı˾ٴˡѧСģʮӻΪԼᱻϳȥҶлˣʣˣ͵ޡ
Ƕȥ˹ߡ
˾˵ĵˣ᲻ðЩСӸϳȥɻˣЩСӾ㷸ҲҪǶȥ̺ˡ
ﻹкܶ㣬ۿЩᱧСĺӸ·Ū·Ҳֻ۰Ц·һ죬ƨɵСͥԺһһ߶㣬׷ĶǸһͯǵЦ졣
֪￴ˣ֪˶ãҲһĿ˺ܾá
ӡһ
ԣӾԲЩոȥСӷ˴ٱϳȥ
ĿǸƨͥԺﱻ׷к޲ߡ
ȵķ֣һ˽Ľ˾پȻûվЦĿЩ͵ֱһСӻͷ˽˾١
ӵһͨһ
ĺҲˣͨͨĹһƬ
˾º͵Цǣڿʲôһۣѹʣʲô
ӶʱǴ
ƨɵкСϪû֣ʱֻǵüһСϪͳСϪ
СϪֺµգۣҡͷ֪
˾ٶЦһЦ۰ͷתͷСϪԱߵкҰɡ
ǸкŽ˾٣Űˣȴĳһ䣺ܸ㣡
˿
˾վûǣֱȥ
СϪţͻȻ˵ϱס㲻ܽ
СҲͻȻӦǰŸˡ
СϪ˵ҡҪȥ湫뽪˾Դ
˾ٵͷ͡
СϪȥʱЦ˵ɡ
ҲǰĶ˰ɣ
ӿ˾ٽȥЩСӻЩδȻǸˣȴһġ⣬ʣµСӿۣΧһ顰ġһ£һ룬ʣµһҲȥˡ
УСϪǾߣʵںЦ
֪ôǵģЩСӵľԺܸߣн׺¥˶ģʼҲһĺܡ
ʼҲȥˣЩСӰЩһס̫ˡ
Ϲһ˸Ҹһŵǰ
֮ԶѾǺܽλˡǲĪԽֻ岽Զ֮⡣
ȴðǰϰһ鷢ƵѾˣڵһֱζ
ǰѧˮֺ棬Ͷֻ࣬˰裬ֳɼ飬ȴȥʪţֱУõϡ
ȻһЩ֮ãֻʣ飬һһ鱻ڱ
ҲҪǻżһš
һֱڸʲôֱ칫ƺãúܺŰɣ

ȻΪʲôϲ棬ȻϲҲʲô˵ϲ·أİòҲ
ֱ죬Ѿ̹ܺȻĶŹϵ񣬻һˡ
ԡе㷸ûԼ棬ֻǼǵúôӵģ˰ɣ
ͼȡˮٴκһ棬ȻǿҲ˽ȥһʪ鲼ϸӡ

ٷһɡζŨ
һ쿴أһֱϣƿӾǷˣȴǵǰ׾ܷһƵĽĸʧ˰ɡ
ζǶԵģǻᡣ
²ߣһ㣬ĳù˲Ÿ顣
һֱ÷ͼڿʳࡣһ澭;ܱǾ͵ʳһ
ʳﲻʱǷǳļ
³ס˼꣬û÷ͼʳνҲֻˮֱϹȻ
ǰûпǹ⡣Ҫһǵˣ
ڶֹڿǸ裬ȥָ˵㿴һ£𣿡
̫Σû취ȷ״ûˡ
̽ͷһҲǿ佱ģٿ
ˡЩ⡣ֺȥô᲻֪ûأ
ˣʡ
Լһࡣ
ѽ᲻ᷢˣô˵Ȼæ̧
һж
ȻҲڰæ
Ȱ﹫Ȼ󿴹ҪڹڼˮҲżˣٷŽȥȴǸƽɸӣȻʪ鲼ǿ档
ƺַ·Щ裬ȾһڱǼһţͷķˣ̫ˡ
ŵһߣʣµıɸ״һ龾Сٱ
ˮˣʪ鲼ϣϸӣȡ
֪˶ãһζƮϸţƺжζϲ⡣
ʱѾ׹Եġʲôʳأ
ᡭ
һһùԣ
ˡ˽ҿӣɢͷûٷø֮ǰˡ
һϤζָС
һûѾҧһڣ̵һ
еᡣðɣķˡζǶԵģҲˣһһΣպʱ䡣ƹ㿪еѣһʼ̫գžͻˡ
ü˼ͼҲһ˴Ҳҧһڡ
ó𣿡Ц
еᡣڸкԹκһʳﶼͬûζػζζϰԺҲ
óԡֳһڣڳˡ
óΪ֧Ӳ̵ġ
ЦʧˣȷôᡣһһΡ

ΪΪһϷô๦
ʼȥҽ˾٣˲ڽ̹ݣ˵ȥûʮ˵ڽ̹ء
ֻ׺¥վȴŵʳζ
ְͯס̫ԴСͨ
л
Щ˶ǽ˾ģʹĶŵ棬ȫСġЩСӶСῴɫ⡰̫ءʲô˼ֻڹǰͷ񣬾Ͱѹˣûаη塣Ҳֻˣܸڹ
ֶΡ治ǽҳġ
ͯȥһ񣬡̫Сɡ
ʼ߽ȥͽ˾ﶼһԲ
ͯһһԵ㡣
˾ԭˣһʳڶһ
ʼ飬ϷӦæʣʳôܶһ
˾ٲݲݿһۣܵǰٴνŹߵ
̧ͷԹ˵˾٣
ʼһȴŲڣҲʵĶһΪʵգһʼ϶ҪЩôϰߡУֻСôĹĥ۶С
Ҳѡ뵽ԺС
ʼǰȻûۿȴûаֻɡ
̵ѡѧϰɣ
ʱãǲǱ־ôû˻Ϊƶأ
Ǿɡ
Ҫ֮ˣ
ʼȷ
ͿȻ㿴ǰ˻ǰ


230 ǹ
ŰޣͿȥһҧ֭̵֭ҪͷһƤ̵ˣ᲻µ
֪һСӺžûˡ
ô꣬ʬ⡣
ڣô˴ǼˣſʼԼڵʲô
Եʱ˲ֿʼڴ˵ҽһȾɫĺöȥݷˡ
ҽʱɫܸӡ
żأôᵽʲô½˵һˡҽͲĹĽᣡ˳С۶òˣˣȨһһ߸˵һһ£вԲ𣬵Ҳ㣬Ͱס°ɡ
ûҽֿţеľս
òҽǳ־ܾҽƷѧʶеĽˡ֮ͨˣ߶ܶĿȾֻס˼꣬ȥģҲã󲻵㲻ǰˡ
ٿ֪࣬ж
ԾԼʵǺġı黹ôܶϽӴһ̵ѧһѧĴʽһ
ͺƤˣ֪˼ҲҲ˷˵һ˵ǰ顣
̳Ȼĸ㽨衣أϣ̳ܹһԵѭźϢ̳ǵǰɳǸεĳУԱṹǲġ
ŮԱȡ
ɳ֮й˿ͳƣԹǧˣвʮռ֮һʮȴʮ֮һ
ĺֲܿζɳûˣУвǧ˲ܻʮꡣ
ŮԱȾͲʲôˡ
ɳǵŮֻǧһһʮˡԻ˵
ϽüΪһ˿һӵˣ᲻ʲô˼ЩŮˡʡЩŮ˺ЩūһͻˣˣǧŮˡ
ûСҡͷҰǶʱһطһֱǣ˵𣬶̸ǼգǾֻʣӹһֵˡңֻŮ˲мֵ
ǧȫǲʮŮ
ҪǷáΪԶǹҲڸǽǵһ
ѵҪǧŮɷ
Ǵһͨͨڴ֮ͨǰҪǵļֵ̳ڲ
ⲻܡ̸ˮȾɫ£Ҳ
֪ûȾɫ·¡
Ѿˣ£䵽ʺٹҰɻˡūоųɶ塣
ҴսǣվԶԶһۡ
ϣ֮ǰ˵Ⱦϵ𣿡޶޺Ⱦʲôġ
һϿҵˣˡ
䲻ڣʼйҪ˵˵
Щʲôģ˶Խô˵ô˵ʼ˵ҪСһ㣬˵˶
ûϵ
ҽҲûϵС˷ǿԭµġ
ҽ
е㾪ȣе㲻š⡭
뿴ҲҲ˶ⶡʱӲ̵ģΪǻʲôǲ̵ʱȴӱѧôò̡
ôһ룬ҽԹĹ۸оЩˡеȻ˵ܷɾˡٿֶҲǺġ
ֻǡ

ҽ̾һԷҽе˵ף͵ŮӱֻѺòÿͷʲôĸҪһ仨ǲҪɴ˿͵Ǹˡ
óĬ˵յ̨ʱڻССӻǸ˵ĺӡҺ֪·ʱɱǵĸûмǰĹԺ󣬾Ҳˡ
꣬ͲǰӣڣǳԺĹ͸û취ɸˡ
ڶһ𴲾˵ҽϴҽ뾡ܵ
ҽһҾֱԵŰȥҩġ
ͷҪǮȥҪɡ
˵ҽѾ˺Ǯˡڻƻʱûпʵʱ˵˵һ
Цŵͷ˾˵˱¡
ʵǺѾû취ﵱļˣΪ˸˵ĻϺͰϺͰơˣ᲻кأ
»ϺͰ
ǶʱҲ侲ϺͰĴԹޣǻǻأǺޣ᲻أ
ԣλȥʲôҲû˵
֮⣬Ѿȫˡ
̳һĳУϣǶϲ
ٴ̤κأܷǵζӳ¡
ڴ֮ǰڳСֱţŲò¶
ŵסѯʣĴ˳ȴֻǲݲݼͷˡ
ܷ˳ժǹμժǹʱǾ仰
ҿκˡ
û뿪κ
ͣͭǣ˵ǰ˵ͭأҹ𡣵ڵͭҲǸеȴСı߳ǣԱң˶С
󽫾ûκ֮ǰתˡ˵Ϯ̶ӵҰ˲ûг֣֪ǲǷֽ󽫾˾ˣ˵滹н󽫾Ӣط˵ŷӡ
̺ͲܷǷֿǣֵ߱ľȫʶһ
̶Ҳû˼ܷǡ
κ񣬶̵ġȻҲȥڰǰҪĹɣ
ǸͶˣܷǿˣȴС
ʹӣҹӣǺ˳ľ˷ӡڵ˴к裬һ̸ΪͶھӱҹٽ¥кø裬͵ܹͰɣ
ͭȻֿ򣬵ڵ³ôϰ࣬һҲɳǵİաǿĽǵķٽ¥һȥٽ¥̫ͭأ˵̫ڵԥǵȴǺ󣬻־ҲҪһԥǵľ¥
¥ҹ¥иƲˣͭʿÿҹȥĺȥ
ܷǵҲٽ¥ʱʢ˵̫ͭصĺ֮ǰһۣȥͰٽ¥úóЦһ
ȴ϶¥ʸûУֻһ¥Сˣʮ̨ϵĸ衣
˵صĺôǿϢ
Ϊ̫ͭؽ¥ǲܽġǾ޷˶Ц޼ɣֵĻκ̫κ֮ˡܷ䣬Ҳ˽ȥô˵ˣ
һֻʮ˺ȵǺģ߶Ŀ⾼ɷضûгԹͷĹƾǱˡ
Ȼ̫ԣ̫ף˵أТҲ޿κΰ
ܷʣѵ޻˵
Цִ̾һϸѵ˵ʲôɣв۸ϱģ
ϵ˾ͶЦ
һ̾ǴܸǿӲЩɻδ䣬ԼҡͷˡӣûλǰҶ֪ˣΪȢŮӭһλôЩáϣһҲ̫󰡡
һ˵Ҳִֻһˡ̫岮ֵ˽Ϊ߹٣ڳҲЩ˸Ȼ̾һ
Ȼλδȡ
ܷգ˶˵Ȥ£ԥǣҲֻһ䣬û֪ԥ̫ڵճпⷿ
ͬʱҲջΪԥĶд붼ҪͭǳȥģֻһСƹͭˡ
ǼˣЩκҲúܣǶ̶ӷֳСӣÿֻһСֻأԴ̫ͭصĶĿ
ڲ𣿡СĴ̽;κܲÿһǶܶԥǵӶУ̫ѵͲ
Ǹκ̼ҲǸ˵úܣζشǾͿֱת
ҲǾľĸҪôǣô㿪̫ص׷
̫صȻǲԸߵģЩҪͭǣǾĿ֮ʳκ̵ҲҪСģ̫صץȥɾҲˡ
ЩԾϻûô鷳
Եˣʡ
κ˵ٽ̫׷
ٽ


231 
ܺãƺҪˣͻһһ
ִƺнյūлв˲š
Ϊɳ̾ˣɳеľӢ
ЩūУʮд򵶵ġ򽣵ġìģһʦʮСͽܻף֣ͷġסһףֹһ֣ܴüء
һˣͷūǴǮġ
ǮͭǮ̣ͳͳ򡣶ƺһԼٻ
ڴӴڳº󣬴ƺݺļɽͳһٻķһ˫̥һ
Ҳ˵ʵ췴Ĵˡ³ǰĳ磬ֻҪҵı򻢷ʱ׼ǰŽϼٻž滢췴
ʼٻӵ̾Ľɽһ졣
Щ⣬ƺ˽Ҳ֮ĹףҲ˺ܶ࣬䱦Ҳȱ
ЩƶǸԼױ׼ģһһҪЩװױߡ
ѾˣһĻ
˵ûнκͭǻаٶʱҾʹ˻ˡ
˳·̶ӡ
Ҳɻ񡱣ʳ·ϳ֮⣬ʣµĶ˻
·Ͽ
ĳࡣȥһˣ˽һˡ
ˣѵıҲͲ
Ҫˡ
Ľɻóɸ
¼ǲܡ
㲻ҪͿ㲻Ҫµô죿ֻҪˣ˲á
죬ûɿڣӲѹʹˡ
ϣϣױҩʼһˣױҩ
ɳƵһţΪΡ
ߵʱ̳ǻ̯ӣǽưܣлҲʱȴ̳֮İҰѾһأһͰʯͷţѾ˼Ȯ֮
Щūߡ
µĳǽѾˣĸǸ¥
ĻǺѾڣ峺ĺˮ¿ӴᾹʯ
Ǻ̹·ɾƽһȥ˵ӣгת˰ʱҲûת꣬۶ǸʽĻ
̳ǣ
뿪̶£̳ǾͻȻһ£
Ȧˣסʼ֣ΪҪңҴĶǸģǸ̳ǵģǲ𣿡
ʼ޵һӣļ˵Ҿ͵ᡣ
ͣһ£ĳ˵ҵȵɳӣū͡
˵ΪֻҪһޣҾˣԲҡ
ʼֹҪ룡Ե𣿹˵ˣ㶼Щôãˣǲ˵Ǳ㻹ãԽ䵱ӣ󽫾ʱȥʱջĶʳ֮⣬ʣµĶֵµ˷ˡ
˵䲻ģûǮ˭أ
Ӷ޺ˣǲūѵҪǷã
ʼĬһ²˵ūԺδء̳ǽ󣬾࣬ҪǵȫЩ
һ벻ͨٶūҲūѵǻ췴ʼû˵Ϊ뷨ЩЦ
ãԸֹ̳ǡ
һҲܿ챻˳
ʵ֤ܴȻ϶࣬ѱģҪ취װϡ
˵ͽһҪЩҪЩì

й˵ìҲСĻҪٶһЩûǰ;̳յ䡣ԴԴʼ̳ǵʳҲãҲãҲãȸֺϡ
ʼȥղ̿˵̾ϧ³úǸȲҪʡö࣬󡣡Ҫ
ʣδú
ʼԡκ඼С
Ǿʹ򡣡
ĪԲ⣬βκ򣿡Ѿͨ˺κͨκˣκú㡣
׹˼أˡ
ĪһͶˣ˵Ҵˡ
ʼЦЩūһ˶ˣԺҪȸԡ
˵Ҽȥɣģ˵úǳۡ
ԥҪҪٵȵȣú᲻Ƿʲô
áҡͷѵĻ𣿡ᣬûĿǰҪǱ֮ǰˡɹλ󣬴һ̳ǻ³ս͸òʧˡΪİ꣬뷭ҪգһһϦ¡ʱæ벻̳ǵġ
ƺҲһϳ̳ǵĻ
ڣǶϣΪƺһɱġ̳ǣƺ¾סˡ
ͷһȥͽȥ
һҾȥˡ
ֶʼ˵
ЩҪֿǮǸѺƼ׵ǸʦЩʱǻɡʮ˴Щì⡢ͷԡ
ǵա
ʼҲȥˡ
ֻʣĪԡ˶ˣֻе㲻
Ծˣϵļ⿴ˣеЦԿƾϣǰ
ĪԴսһ㣬ʣеıôˣһս
Ī⻰Ѫֱͷϳ塣
գ۾Ŭ򶨣Щȵ˵սֻͥսԵУжģһС
ˣҲЩֻһ֣ǰ壬
ͥսʵϷսڸ¥̨ϣߵŴ֡
ĪԵ˻ȵ˶һʱӮ
Ұս̽ʡ
ĪҡͷжҲôǻҲǳֿȭԣϵìͻԼˡ
ܾø䵱ʱ̫һٿĪԣͻȻˡĪǸѧɣܶһ飬˵ͷͷǵ
û飬һԭ򣬾ܴĲǺñбʼʹܣСС򣬴̴СġĲ˾ˣʣµĶǻģǵѪ֮
ıĴһʼ˶ࡣ
ĪԵȫ෴Ҫнֹ䲼ͣͷȻÿԴȥٴ
ڣЩǲܴȥģǵСһĽ̡
ǣûôʱ̰
ȻʣҪ̸λӡ
ҲˣҪñܣȥһʼɡ
еıֻøˡٴеѾ̺õıĪԴأ
ĪԴ˰ѼĵطΧڽ·н˿ȻǸɣ»һġ
ֻҪȸ̺·Լߡ
һĪ֮ͶˡЩʼ̾ǰΪܣڲ֪ʲô֪ѡ
Ա˵㹲ɡ
ĪڹǰҪ͵ıŤӣ㵱ȻΪúãһ
տЦԼҲ˳󣬱Ц㡣
һЦ


232 ̳ǵĹ
ǰص˺ܿҵˣǵıǶȵһΣǿȰߣȰˣҲǹǱˣֻ̳ȡɡ
ĳɴ̳Ҫúǧ̸һ׮պǲ̳ǵϿͣҲҵϿͣ
ֺôǮġ
ʹ⼸ǰءǵȷ棬̴κһߵķȱ˿һڣΪ˶⣬֪Ը¶ٺô
óȻǰѰ䵱һͶʵĿ꣬ǰֳʱͿʼˣô궼ĳġ
˾Բ
֮ǰǿһ԰׷֮ġ
õȲĴʳǰأصĶñ³Ҫ磬Ѿ磬ϵĲݶεõȥջţȫС
ĴƤڳžƣųƶŷ紵ĺХ
̳ǣǰİ͵صı߳ˣѾ˴ϵūڶ쵽֮ǰΪܸɻǻūߣ˷ʳūеıץߣеľɢҰؼ䣬ా֮ڴʱǻΪһڳԵԶԷӿس⣬ڴ°Ǽȥ
쿴һ˿Ⱥ֮ɢڻԭϵūеʿϲЩūڳۼΪǻȺǻһֱЩūܵǽԶĵطȥ
ʣµҲӳгǲԼͬ뵽̳ǵĹ
Ҫū
쵽ˣūǲٳȥɻǻԺܶʳɹȴֿʼūˡ˾˵ΪʴȣҲб˵Ϊǹūܶ࣬ūˣʱǲɲҪ
ԭʲôЩūǿģǷǰǮ
ūǿ˵飬Ƕͣ˵ĻǰǵʱǶ˳ӵıϡһ
ǿʼ㣬ȱ첲ȵĸϳȥͷȫ׵ĸϳȥʣǧˡ
Щ͸ȥɡһ˵
ЩһģôǮأѸ˷Ǯıһ˳磬Ǿ˵һȸͻģǮ£ǻٸһ㡣һ·ϣֻء
԰
û߼죬յ˵һʡϢ
ū
֪֮ǰ˵ȥūϰڶ֮ǰūΪʡʳ
뷨޻˵
ҲǼ£ٶ˵Ǻ¡
Ƶ̿ʣӦûͻˣʱȰǰڴӪȱ־ȥš
ͷһʣʵڳеѾˣǴЩҪҪһЩ
ʿƷһĳɣе˾ûĳɣҲһɵġ
Ϊ̴ӦϹȴҡͷ˵һ䣺ֳǵ˻˵
ϻǲȥֳǴϢ֮ûȥֳˡȴһֱϢ
ֳǲֵôƽѾʼбˡ
ڹ뽯󣬷ѾױԵˡ
Ǵ
ʵһʼһôһؽԪΪڰдƣŬһѣҾͻΪһʧİա
Ҳ뿪ֳǺ󣬲ŷµġ
κϿǵ̫֮ͨ塣ԣа׳ǣǣվǡκһԥǣκսѾ۽ȥһˡ
ν̨գڵһԼĳǳء³Ҫĳǽε˳ƣ³ƿȫղױ³ĨȥΪһ̫ǿԹͱģ̫ǿɱȴֱ׳öࡣ
̫ͱΪ˻ǣգж̫أж֧ǿôǿˣͲҪˡ
ĹеһҪ߼Ҳƽ롣
Ԫ뽯˾Ϊеıѽ͵ֺϣҲΪý齨ӡֻҪʱ죬Ҫô⽪Ϊֺ̫أҪôһ̫ٴýеıȥ
ǰҪһ½᲻ˣڵĽԪǺǡ
룬ա
кǡ
зǡ
ֻзûгǣҲ˵ڷǹһֻԪȮˡʱһ˳·һԪҪһ̫صģʱӪȻȥסκһԳ̫أʲôȱϧ
ֱһ֡
ŷu
뷭ϣڽϡͨ·uƽ䣺ҽ̱Ԫ֡

һʧġġԽдĹ
㽪˻֪򲻼ǵûʱʲôͲ
Ҳ˵̣
̳ǵķչԽԽĿ֮ҪһֳΪڻġѡġ
һȻҪžѲûԼС˼
뵽һǽ
͹ľĸԸ£¡ʱʱһͷ
˶һ½޵Ĺϵмӣм檣бˡ˵漴һʹ
˵ᡣ
Խûо˼
漴ͷֱòԼʮ˾ŵ̴ӡ
˵ҪūʫòŮΪѡ
̳ǵĳҪǰҹһ㶼Ծġ
ԺҪǿ󹬣϶Ĵ
°𣿡۾һ˵ʲô;ľ壬ЩС˵Ƿλλʲôεľ壬Ϊʲô°壿
һ䣬ͳҪ̳ǹöðΪʲôҪҩģ̳ô࣬ҩĶ˷㰡
Ҳ֣Ű߳ȥˣ
ôû׷
װú񰡣ǲֻͣС·ҹ·޿ȴҩֻ
˶ʮˣһ׷˶ûС
ô˵ġ
ŮСôôã
֪Ψһڱǰȫʱ
ϣ
һ⣬ôôͻˣǻûյҩ𣿡һֱ˸ŵİ
ң˭˵ûյҩϷյˣƿ
ָŵϵʮЩù˰ժء
ǲ˽үүүүûǮȥҩԼժģʮֻһĹӡ
аǶϡ
һȫָ׸ǴСĻҺɫӲǣӲǴ붼ǰ뿪ڵģеһС죬еɫоӶ¶ˡ
˵ǸֵȾɫĹˡҰﶼǳƬƬĳܳԵҰҰԸûժ˻Ͳôࡣ
ϲ˰ʮͳȥȻù°ϺͰҫ
һһ
˰·ֳɼƬƬǰһƬһƬƬӣʡˡʡ
ҪǣЩŮ·һСٶȻ죡
ߣ²ɳˣ컹˰
ᡣ˳˵ڣ䣬ӣͿԿסˡ
濴˿ʲôпӣں˼үүɫôƵģ
˵һҪΪʡ㲼ôҪԸһ˭ס
Ҳ˼Ĵүү㲻˵űˣҪ𣿡ΪүүڱŤʲôǹָ̫ȥˣүү
ϼ˼
Ҫɡ
һɱˣһ߾ˣͱϴҪõöˡ


233 ּ
ӸѾаˡȥʱͻȻֳһˣԳƸǰûˣΪ󲻾ʹģĻǰʸǷǹⲻɹƷ顣
˴ʮūùһó˶լżڶؽ®ӡҲݷãɣᷢ˵ȴ·̸϶ɱ
꽪󽫾˵µģ˵丸μݷýʱȱܣɱ϶뽪г̡
֮ȴ˳ٲ븾һ
ǳ˿ġ
֪ĵ׷ʲô
ҡͷֱԼҵ㣬ҲֻһӣÿֻǱŶ飬ˡ
ǽСʲ𰸺ģ˿ס֮󣬸˱ɱɱòˣӾ˰ʣµȫɱˡʿֻжżסڳ⣬ӹһ١
֮󣬴ȴҲû鷳ƺ롰նݳ
ȴܡ¡ĴżСĹײģ뿪˸
ȥû⡣֮ȴûһҵ֮ء
ԭѺ֦ܶ࣬Ҷïǰͳ˵ȻֻһպҲȱֵܷ֡
һȥҾµĴɢߵļֵܣ޲ûбĳ·ŴżСŴҳʱǻεǰȰ
Щ˶Լ⣬ֳˣռЩˣǶظȥֳǣµһǨֳʱиҲð
ɶšԴӸײ֮󣬸ԾͱˣԽȰԽǲ
Ĺľڳ׼ʱԭļ˾͸ˣֻʣֵܡ
һƣǶӣ˵ĹϵѾԶˡȶһЩһĸһãɶԼ鲻УҲֵأ⣬ȴ˾ǮǰͲϲִƣ°ң̸ģӴ򲻳һƨӣͬˣ˵仰
ˡ
ˡ
ࣺ
ÿÿ죬һһƾ仰ȥ˵һʼ뿴ܲܶ˵䣬ͷˣķڷ
һϳԼ飬ǿڳϱĿߣȶһ֪ʲôʱˡ
ͻȻ
ۣ˸ǷڵͦģͣԷˡ
ƣˡ
Ǻˡ
һˣպø߸̶ӿǾ˹̽ʡڻҰϸ·ˣһӣҪһʲܰģһǿأߴкԺǾˡ
ǿ࣬ˣȥû
߸ȥ
ǿҲø磬˳ͬһ֧ȴͬһүүҲ൱Զˡ˵Щܶ˶ุӴ˶ˣЩԶķǵĶ顣˲ꡣ
ƣǿôˣһ·ϣ¶˶ǿ
ضǿȥ˵ѾˡĿǸСܼң
СܼҼǿǰһҾһҾʮֿ
˴Ӻδ
ǿϱߡǴĶ
СܼЦҼ˴ӱ׼ȥϱ߷Щ
ǿ̶гġ
СܼҿߣЦһ˲ܿţȻͷãԴһЩֵǮĶ·ҲһЩҪҪһп۵ģŷѾߡ
ǿʣйף
СܼҿϧҡͷϱȥףϴĶǼԼĿҲ˵ģǶģҪǹҪһǮ߰ɡ
·ûвȱģ˻
СܼôʣȻǿǵࡣ
ҳִ߲٣оĶ࣬׸棬Զеĳܶ࣬͸ˣһƥʣ¶ĻҲ˶
ǿȻⶹЩ˳ǣһҲʮǮҪһǮҲܲ
ȥһϡ
˵ǿˣ֪ˡʱҲ̶ӣѰ˵Щʲô޲Ͱ밡Ӱҹȵȡ
෢ڳһҪ˾͸ˣͶԶ˵߸绹ûȥ˵վͶˡ
ǿ̸˼ǮҲϣͼҲߡվס˵Ҽˡ
˻ͷһǰһһ԰꣬һϦҰϻһΣز޽Ҳý
нüĿɫ԰ף̴˵ľǿ塣
ǿŶ࣬ͷ̾ãתͷࣺĪ˶ӣ֪ͨɫѾƵǸѹˣ
ǿӭ࣬ʺá
˺ڣղŶԶǿ˵ʳûжġĿ˵ǹӳԵùǵĴǾøӼҲûʲô
ǿ࣬˼ҴҺȥĳȡ࿴Զ˵˸ⷬɫȻֵЩǮ
ҪŭǿЦűܿתͷͼҲҴҹˡôˣôˣԴӶͰ˱ڼҲﲻž³ƴڼǳţƭŵĻ
뿴˵ߵߵӱżֻУоǹˡ
ǿӹͼٴοۣо
ͷԭǶѾ߹ˡ
ֵˣĶˡǿȻһԼȻԭж˾ǿǰײסڳĻȻˡ

ܾǺ£˵ӣһֵܡ
ѾˣԺ󣬵˴ɾҧץ˺͹
ĶģҪһ¡
˵·ϵġ˵
Ҳ˵ǰŴ壬ŵ꣬ǰ·ˣźã˳ָ͹ˡ
˿ٲ̫ͻȻ˷֣Ҳ̫ױš
˼Ȼץˣʱû취Żȥˡ
úôǣҪ衣ֻô˵ˡ
˵ûϲ𣿡
һ㶣ŷʵҲһ꣬ٶĽɫɫɫ̳ĿǰûбŮԡӦЩٵġûбкӣҲһСʧ䣿
ҵ鷳
ǨŭպҪҴ齣ȻҪǶϧ
ܴ̼ˡ
Ҫըˡ
ˡ
ӲȥһϾȥ
ˡĿк󣬼˵ݻصĵͼ
Ѿͼˣһ³ģߣִʡͼպ˷ױϴ
ʵϳ⣬Χ˶ûʲôġ
صԽԽ˼ǲģҲǿԻȥġĹӽڶûȴѾĻˡ
ʷǴڶʼġڶ͵һһգһǣ͵ĴҲһգֻһΣȻ͵Ĵһա
һ־ˡĸǵĴ׸üλʱƷɵ˳ߣ㵽һ󳼵ĳУȻнʮ꣬ʱλ˻ֳԭǸûλԼĶӣǸ˵ʱǸ󳼡
ܸжĶ飬ûҲûסλûͱձλ֮մ
˵֮꣬ܿմء
߻ڵΣˡ
ѵǰȥ״ˣ
̿ʡ
Ц⡣
ʲô£ʡ
ץǶࡣ˵һϢʢ֮ӣȥ˸ʿո룬꣬ʵˡҲ˵һý
Ҿˡ
ȻСѾ̳ǵˡ
Ҫǣͽͬ
ʱ˷ˣ
ңӿɲϲ˸ͷġ
ͬһ֮ڣһҪһͷһֻ֮ͨһ
꽯볤ɣʢͲòȥ˷ǡ
ҲǺֵܰ¸ǸСǣҲδԸȥһǡ
Ƿңô¡ңɵİգ⣡
ȥֳǵ˻𣿡
ҡͷûУһȥţǿЩġ
ֻҪգǲɱ
һȵҪȥκˣȵȥˣȵȻƺһ㣬۸ȴռơֻҪ˵һҲͷġ
ʶǼʲô
ûãȥʼҲȱ֡
̳õǼ칫ģʽûпô̯ӣһֻ̯ίһܹܵˣͬɳǵʮҲæýŲմˣ˵кü˶סڳ⣬ûʱسҪÿѲӹÿһƬĵĵطڿĵūԶѾܵʮȥˡ
ԺҪίμ峤
˻̫١
ȱūȱ飬ЩʶܺʼǽǵĻշԸµ¼Ա˲ū˾ͿֱãͲúøɻҲܷŵġ
Ŀǰֻ̳š
ʼͳЭ££ĵū£濪ĳأԼ̳Ĺ£޳ǽڻǺӣĻ
ĪǳзǾͷˡ
гһס̳ǵĳǽǹˣ˰գﻹҪɵ鱨
ĪԺʱȱ֮⣬ʼҪ֡ʼΪ
˵Ƕ͸ʼˡ
˶ֵ֮⣬ŵҲвٿ֮ˡҪȼſ
֮ǰǴɱЩ˵ģ²ϧһ
û뵽Щ˻ͻȻøвǣһ˶ˣȻֵܾͱˡ
˵˼ƺҪͶ͸һ󸾣
˼ܴ裡ĽҪЩͬھ
ƴӱ󵽳оͿʼӿͷ衣Ƕǿ˰棬ʱʱĸЩϢ
ȥ
Ƕû£Щ˵֪ܣǡ
Ů裬ǾƴһҲҪЩսʹ죡
ǿЦǣû뵽ǻк֮
ԣƿ޵øǳٽᣬ˱Ѫλ
̳ǣǱ͵һĵطһĽŲʱһȴԱ޿κΡ۾ʲôҲ
һɪʣǺˣ
˾ͰѶǿ̸˵һ顣
ЦԲʵ˵գŲԶȥ漴˵Ǵȥʳƽϡ
µӦŵðտڣ˸ڴˣɸұ
һ꣬ͯȥŹϣ漴ƺ̵˵ơ
۲ɡǸ˵
۲⿪ǰһƬڻ˺һܿǰˣž͵ֱۡ
ô꣬һֱΪдˮ֮û֮ˣȴ룬ǴˣҲӦõġ
˲ǻˣ
϶֪Щ˵ıղ˵Ҳ

ȻǸˡ
˸£ֻҪ˵Ļ֮ˣΪǣúǳȥ
һһʮĶ˵ˣڼǱ˰󣬻Ȳ裬Ⱦƣ˵ᵱ
Ҳʮͬǣ˵ʱһֱĬ˵󣬾ǷҪûȥûУβ£
ңϲۣɻȥۣʱ񣬾ܾ£ߡ
˾һЦԳ¼ţ֪ս
ϺϤ
˵ҪͶ͸˭ţսĹ
˸ս
ǰ֮˺ЦʣҼһˣ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵãժǹ֮أ
ࣺ
Ȼժǹ
ԭҪ͸ժǹ
ҪժǹĻ֮
ֻθһһĺë
ǲժǹǲĻģ
ô
ôﰡ


234 
ǿڲסһʼ͸ƺͶĴȫͬ
ݲݷڳԯ󣬳Է
ˮзһҲȲһˮԭֻص⣬Ͳˡ
ûǰͱ˻ȺУȻҪһ·һȥūǶͶֿ޲Űȡ˻ˡֵܵķϣŵԸֵһǡ
Ҫʱ編ƣ޵˿޵øӿšǸɺˣ˼죬Ҳÿ޲ˡ
Ҳˣ࣬˸ͬò˼
ڣǽһլӣƺͶ౻߼ˣ£˨һ
ǿڵϣ˻ǺܵġһᡣǸŮǹҪʲôˣ붡϶ϸ
ʱһСͯ£һڣɰϲ裬СͯҪҪˮϴһϵĳ
ǿСƺͶˣ
˭أ
ɫΪƺͶʵһҪֵзָʤʵȶʸһЩһλǫǫӡ
Ҫˮϴϴ򵥰ͷϵĳĨȥͷǰ뻻һ·
ӽţˮ
ǿ
Сˣ
û뵽СӾȻŮôа취ʵڿ
ҲǸ󸾵ʹˣϲꡣȻӶˣɣ˵պͶǹ󸾵Ƣأ
ƹ̥£˫ȴ󳨵ڵϣ˫֧󣬷̾ˣ
ǿɫӵĻˣãеʣߵܣ
ǿҡͷ֪̾Ҳ˰ɣ찢ֵܲ˻ģϣüˡ
ȴҿʶˡǲǣʶࡣ
ǿһʲô
ԡ£̴½ͷŴһ飬ָ췢һһ쿴һھ͵ϣŵöԲ£񲻳ժǹʲôģ˵ʵǴҲûϸøɸɾˣΨһǵõĺǡòγڡ
ʲôժǹԲʳ֪ζһŮˡ
ɬ̾һʼ֭ȥ䵱ʱµǼ衭ʱ˹ܴأ
ǿͶͺˡ񶼱Ů˸а취
һȥǿͶֶһСкǶӣδСֶգֶղ֣Сݸɲ⣬һʱϸ첲ϸȴԴСʱ򳣵ĺֱں̡
ִ֮뿪ʱˡ
ֶܾȣΪкһߣ¶±˲鿴Ȼȥϴ裬ΪûʭԲͷʱ˱סͷǻסҩ
ʲôҩǿһͺܽţ
ֶճҭſޣǡ˵ǶгӣҪҩѳҸղ֮ǰſʺҵʺûг档
Ʒе룬Բˡ
ֶճԷˡ
ǿٺһϡࡣȵóˣˣƽʱǸһġ
أ
ӣǿͶƶе㡭˵ڡ

û¡ǿ
Ŷֶиϰߣ⡣ʱͳѪΪСҲʣÿضٴβʱΪʲô᣿Žֶһʵ˵Ͳ
ǰΣΪʲôʣ
Ϊ˵¿ˡ

ڶǿǿиֶͣվͽˡ
ǿοֶյĴԿǣ⺢涮£
Ҳ˵Ϲǳһɫ϶£ֵ˯úܺá
˳緹£ѰҪһ֣һֱµ磬ˡ
鸡ۿڣһɫ
ǿ̨׷´οӺɷ򣬲ҪСŮ̬
෴Ӧռ˹ľƣҪֵ˵һ顣
صֶգɫ䣬оȻỨ
ǿʱˣӦʲôǰԼӵ·Ǯ
һ̾öǿͶƶ£˼ˣҶҲЩԨԴˡ
㣬˵˵һͨǿͶƶĬˡ
ԶҵΪǰѶȫ˶˵ԡϾ˵ǻѽ󽫾ˡ
䵽˼ҲȻ
ǿĬһʣк·Ըҵȣ
ˣȥǷǣȶȹµΣ
ժǹôأ
ݵһҲûȵץȥˣȵ緹Ҳ˹ټ
׼һʫȫɲóȻûȤԸ˵ҲûȤȥ˵£һڵĶжһһԸ¾Ϳȥ£Ըȥ¾ȥš
Ƿǳ˵ѡģĸչˣһһٷһˮ굽Ҫֵʱǿܻᱻ·שȵȡ
Ҳܼ򵥣Сӡ綡ĶֶգһЩ飬ͯ
أܻһ㣬ǡ
ֻҪж˳ŮҲΣŮһΣɻŮһɻ
Ůʲô̺
Ҳѿ
ҡͷǧŮҪŮʹͳܣ
ЩΪǲǧ
ŮӦ
⡣
Ȼͱˡ
ȥǰ󲻹һӡ
ȫҶˡǿ̾
ʱɫҰס
ǿֲǲ֪ԣ˵
ǿ̾˼ǰס࣬ѾˣҲûáҵȾɡ
ûþǣȻҪǴߵġֶոȥĵطһһһСͯ
ǣֶյ֣ŲϷſ
Сͯ˵ȥ۰ٺҲŲİ
ܾȣСͯ˿ݣ̾һҾлСӣл
Сͯǰǣֶյһֻ֣һһߡ
Сֶͯգʲô֣㼸ˣôôݰ
ں棬ϳСͯϴŴڹ߼Сͯһֹͯ⣬ˣֶոСӡ
Сֶͯ˵㵽Ǳ߾͸һһ˯ԷҶ㣬ϲʲô
ֶնԳԻǺܸȤģǡ
СͯͷС˵ҲԣһԻƽȵԵʱǾԱߵţָǳԵģ
˲׺¥СͯͲˣֶ̨ǰվڣֶհȻһôߣô˵ôػôӦԣһһ̸
˵ֶ꣬ûӦͿ
ļֶտɱַëǰСͯ˵˾͵ͷҡͷ
ֶҡͷ
ﲻСͯ˵һ飬˵һ͵ͷҡͷ
඼ˡ
ֶǽŻػﲻСͯҲٽ̣͸һô˵͸ѧһ˵һ㡣
࿴һĻͻȻôˡ
ͨǽˡں棬ãһߡ
ͿλһӣȻ˾٣˵òҲԶʤ
֮ǰΪ⡰ǿȡ̫ˡ
Ŵ˵ΣֻվšǸСͯǰֶȥˡ
һӾһôСĿ۶࣬òⲻúӣѵǺ岻ãĻͲýɻˡ
ʶࣺǲ֮ӣСͲá
ûϵֶղѧʶ塣
ʵҡͷȮӳʱãһԺݵģ֮Ҳûá뵽ͺѹΪ˴ңڹҪӵʱҲѶͳȥˡ
ڼꣿ
ˡ
ġ
һ£öȥСͯ
ľģվ棬һһ̴ҴҶ
ϽʱǸСԵʲôʲôƽʱܳԶٶȵȡ
һ֮£ٿǸӣҲɵü
Ͽ⺢Ų꣬ƽʱԺȲ٣ǲԼϡǶ֮ӣҰĺӣ̫Ǽɡǳյ⡣
æϷ
ͻȻֶ泪裬Ϸ
ѵϳȥΪֶϷ
ǹڵв˸ӣ
ԣ
ǵ˵ʵǻӣĿΪ˲СӣСӱ˲к
ȻΪεڶСأд˵ˣʬأΪβ᣿Ĺأ
һʱת߰˸ͷһʱ־壬һʱ˷ܣԳ񣬸ղǸ̳ȥҪ㡣
ϸղֶһֶͦģݡ˵ʿ֮ӣƽʱϣʳﶼǸɾģ̫ܻǳӰɣ
ϵǿδء
ֶ࣬¡
ɶͷԡ
ԣһԺġ
ǰֶڻ̡
ͦݵģڿ졣
Ϊ˳Ĭԡ
ˣɫ䣺ֶյģ
ϵһۣϷû˵⺦ˣвȻᴫȾӡ
һȥ͵ϲŻǿͶΪ˵ûԷĽѡæʣôȥôãǲֶճԿͷˣ
ҡͷһãȻԶǿͶ˵ֶգһ۾Ϳв꣬ȴֺδûн򣬲ȴֶ֮ҽΡ
ǿúͿȵȣ˵ֶգβ
㲻Ͷȥͯôˣ
ҡͷҲ֪ôֶֻ֪պܺáȻֶȷʵʣĥ
ڹֶֻһӡ
в⡣һҪô˵ʵһĻ¹ǼٵģҲЩҡúôֶգǲǶҲйĥ
ʲôûãֻҪֶ֪ղίˡǶպܻ֪ġΪãԶǺˣҲΪĿ־壬ɻˡ
־壿
ԡ
ͨˡΪ־ѹ˻ˣΪһһǱ˼
ʵһ룬ʲôͼǵأ
ѵɫ
ԳһЦ˶ˡ


235 ֣
ƹ˳ܽȻǰģ
ͷȥһֻż򵥵ɽƣǿܺÿ
׺¥ĹŮȥǧŮˣһǵֻʿȥᷢõ£Ӳ߹ԡ
һ棬ҲҪô๬Ů̺򡣼ȻЩŮѧһ֮ΪʲôߵŮһأ
öˣ˭֪ʲôʱõϣͱͷ⻹ѧأʱ뵽һ򲻵һİĸ
ƹǵʲô£һ߸˵ȥˡ
һʼǶһĵŮ٣иһˣǰڹĹѧ·ѧȵȡ
ˡ
ڹʱѧ裬ҳЩŮ˴ҲᳪʱԶԶ˵ǽⳣפ㡣
漴䲼ˡΧͣǧŮˣ˵˾һǮһ˰ҹ鷭ǽ͵Ůأ
ѧߡ
û뵽ǣһûߡƺ߿ԸŮѧһѧߣѾǸԣˡһ˵Ҫѧߣƹø˼ˣÿ棬һżϡ̨ߣϻͥԺԼߡ
һȺŮ˾һȻȻľ˵ߡ
ȻʼѡʿǾѵģŮ֮䲢ûôɣҲûнֹѾмʮŮ˻ˡ
˵Ǳûз෴ǶܸܳΪūµĺӣȻҲūˡǲ衣ܷºӣΪùǣҲǵĺӡ
ЩҲûȢ޵Ĵ㡣ʼ˵ǳҵʱ򣬷ɳǴòĽ춼ûȢޣֻǶ檣Ҳֻм˺ӵԼĺʣµľˣҲū
ȻֻᰲʱǲŻųɼҵ
ǰɳǣڵ̳ǣǶĹȡҲ벻Ȣˡ
صԶ
ŮŮӦãࡢơǿȥغͷġ
ΨһǷĲµǣʲô
ϣʲôΪѵ¡
ܿǳԾ¾ͷˡ֮ǰ˰·ū˵ļֶˣһȺЩңǺ޲شޡ
侲ˣʳڱͽǰԡˡ
һǿ֣джֻҪһУҲ֡
һѧҪùز̡أһһǧһ򣬶Ҫ׼ȷأһľϣһһϣǼ
ǿԭС
ǵȻǡ
ǿҸ̫Ĺ٣ùֵȥǾ̫Сˡ
峤е㶡峤Ǹʲô٣ʲôģʲôģʲôǴ壿
Ѿ͸
壬ǹġĿǰ̳ǹʮ壬Ӿһ嵽ʮŴ壬γ嵽γʮ塣
ֵܣǼҵļڣʮ߸ˣɵеʮ߸ȥ峤
ڴ峤ʲô峤ʲôܡ
͵͵ܣ͵ܴˣǾҪܷˣҲҪܷǶˣһͳһ˿ڡˣϱ顣һһ߶ǿͶơ
ǿʣ˵ūǱʲôūһҪ飿ⲻܡ
ͷūǹū
Լˣǿһء
ǣ㲻֪ĵط֪ʱ򣬲֪ΪʲôˣҪôһɸ߹Ҫô鷳˵
ǿղ˵峤ʲôܡ
ͷԡ
ǿ˷ˣ峤˵
Ȼ˵㣬Źһǧˡϲ𲢲
ΪأЩūҪֵ֣ʱǻҪ
Ǹ˷ӣԺЩ˾۴ӡԽԽ֮ô֪ﲻΪǶҵĵڶ
ôһ˵¶ϲɫ뿪ľûȥȥҪﰲң
ǸʵڴˣǾԲܳġ
ܳˣҲû⡣ѵҪһֱȥ
˵ʾ˵
ôеģĵؿ꣬زڴ˵ذҡҲԣǶܿó
ռŴ˳ǣܳΪķأȻ̫һǻֻΪȮ
ǿһһ棬գǾ͸ȥˡ
ж˻࣬ʼֵּǡ
ˡһɹòſʼǰĵذϣ̾Ϣ˵ҽ˯ˡ
泤Ҳˣ粽С
ġ顱ʼ޿κΡչҪģЩ˴ūȥˡ˭֪ͼԽľԽȻͻزˣֻøЩūһס˯Ұұ۾°ҹ췴ǵԴ
ҺãūǶϰֱȥ˶˵ʲô
ܵģû췴ġ
ܵĺֶˣԺ󣬻űܻһԶʳ
ժ¥Ķʳ̳ˡ
ʼǾ棬Ь裬ʳǰ˶ˣһ쵽¡
Ǯƣһӣһ̹ʽŵöԲԡ
ڸеľˣҪ㣬ū͵͵ֶ
һ˵Ҳ׷׵ͷǱߵūҲ͵͵ֲġ
Ϊǰ˵ֻҪܣŹɱˣǸԼĻԺʲôС
ǮūʡԼĿڷǰݺ֣ûйǡ
ʼʣֵʲô
ӣʣ͵͵ֶӣ
ǮѾܾöûмˣʱ¸ԡʼ˾мҲòڡС
ͷ˵ֻжϣԲֵĶӰɣ
ūǵʳ̳Ǵ漱֮ȫ˶ϣΪһڿԻ
ʼڷ̳ǴʱͿʼϣһʱ䡣ǸֶĻϣƳ࣬ʲôУСĻһūǳҲֻǼ򵥵ļˮ˳ԣ̳ʳһЩΣܲҰˣҰˡ
óԣܳ԰뱥
Թ֮󣬾Ǯܲˣ֮ͨǰδУмԼƨ۱ƨˡ˵ԻһӣſԺ󣬾»˵ʼ󡣽ʼӻ
ǮøӶˣȼսһӲ
˵һʼΪҰݣֵǡȻ󣬾֮ǰѾʼʵˣ֪Щֵʲô
Ĺ־ùûء꣬һޡ
ùһЦܻ֮Ǽ֣ܡ
֡Ц˵Ȼֵ֣û֡Ѿõְɡ
Ǯ
ʼǲǲ̫ã
ʲôãû˻ֵأʲô֪Ȼûֵȥֻ֣Ҫֳջ񣬾û˷ʱ䡣
ҲȷʵҪһ¶Ӳܵʳ⡣
һʱӦԣڵʵǴ˲ʳҲмʳʱԳԣе֮ûԸԡ
ֻöӷѿӲѿʱԵʳԣѿֻܵˣǾ͸ûԸˡ
治
Ҳû˵˭Ȼһˡ
ʳɽһƶһʳԱһ㽴һ⽴
ūԼһ飬ֻһ˵㣬ڸȷʵǳڵĴһϲ
Թ󣬲ȥιʺĽԪ
Ԫһߣһ͵Ŀڴͷۿݣɫ͸ף͸ҡͷѾȫˣҲˡ
˺ܶ࣬ߵĸ첲ȶϸ«һ㶼ʹұ߻һ㣬֪
ɱ˼󣬲һ˵ʯ֢ˣʯͷ±˰ֽŶˣҲ֪ۡ
˵ͷֱ˵ʯ֢ܵϣԷû취ȥӲ࣬ҲֻǺҲȥ
ô˵ֻܵˣ
Ԫ˽մţֻūһżٹŮǰ֪һʱ֮ͻὫɱΪÿ⸱ӵ˳ȥ
ټ㡢uʱˣҲ
Ὧūƴӹ١ֻнҵūܸġ

Ψһܾģ֣ɽˡ
Ƿˣһа취
㲻ܾȣܴȥ˴˷̥Ҳܵþ
Ƹ⣬ԪԼһЩǰ߻ʯ֢Ҳиоˡ
Ŵ˾ɽˣūɽ˰ڹС
ūɽ˳˽º
ɽǹһðģû̴ӣҲûлūǾԲŵġ
Ĺϵĸ˲ɽ˵ҩܰסһհܻĴ
ūѾ˰˳ɡ
ȴʲôɽȡŴǸáɽҩǾͲˡ
ɽ˻Щֶεģ˼վƳƸ⣬ɹû٣ѵǱģ
ɽͻȻվסŲԶժ¥Ǿժ¥
ǡūˣЦֻɽȴסô˴С
ɽ˺ǺһЦɷǣղվס˲סʲôժ¥
˼¥˵ǰ¥סŴİĹһѾ뿪Ĺѵ
ǡūЦŵͷͷժ¥̾¥֮¥ȴȥ֡
ֻ֪ժǹȴ֪ժ¥ˡ
¥ֻҪΪժǣԶժǹġ
ڹ뿪󣬴뽫¥ã롢˽Բͬ⡣
ѹժǹȥˣΪֻˣЧ䣬ǽ䣬ҲûйһĴԹ롢Ҷûʲô壬ڹ㡢uǰҲûɽƭ⽪Ϊֻû˳
ūû뵽ġ
ôˣժǹȻڡֳǡ
ص̳ǵ͸һϢ
֣ˡ֣ķ
֣Ҫˡǣ³κƽһ仯
³κڽҡǻǰӣȥ֣һΪң˲ȥ֣أ
Ķ֣ȥһĶ˻ѻˣϢͻɢˡ
֣˵Ϣø㡢Զø֪֣
ȳ֣««ȳ֡
κ̫ȳ֣κ󡭡
ٿûȥκزûУͰزϢκĳС
ʼڽ˵ʣΪ
ղŵĻʱҪ
⡭ֻΪȡ֣
ֵĿһۣ˵һ仰һʲôûô֪ʲôز


236 ĸ
ϵ֣֮
˵֣ˡ
˵֣ǳһɵɵġ
˵ֻҪõ֣ǰ֮Ϳεɾ
˵
ָСϢһӾ̳
֣Ҫǵ˻ǲģɾ֮˼主ģ
֪ʲô˻ϢȤ
Ϊ֣ɵϢ𣿾ȻԸ˵ֻҪȡ֣ɵɵ֣ɵǧϵ
һ֣Ϣ˵γٽ
˿˱˵Ҫȥκˣ׷סú˹
˲ֻ˵ǹġ
Ǹģ
ģ
ԽǲԽǺ棬Χ׷½أһҹڵֲס˵׷ʡΧߣط˯УűǶء
ҲͬУҵ̫
Լһ֣ȰѺô׬Щ˵ϣٽϵ̫ˣһӾͱ˷ˡ
תҲǽ˾ٵֶΣֻðǰߴҡ
˵˸ϢȻͰ׵ٽ
ɼ˵ģ
ǧҪ˭һѹҪ֮õ֣
̫ƻȻô˵˭֪ˣ
Ȼ·һҹ֮䣬е˶֪֣֮˶ӿ̳ǡ
Ǳ˷
֣ȥģҲκȵȥġ
ΪϢһֹժǹһ֪İϢ͸ˣܵõʹͣ
ᶦ³Բˣôһôð˵֣ˣ
ᶦϢһ֮¾ͰҧгݣĸӸǰͷˣ
ᶦˣˣȥһ£Щ˶ǴӺζ
ֻ죬˾ͻˣ
ᶦˣʴˣôǵãǰи̳Ҫʲôţ
˼ǵãҪú˵ժǹġ
ժǹᶦ૵ʴˣ˵иժǹ𣿡
˲⡣
ᶦ˵³ӣ䣬ģΪ³ٰ˲ս׳󣬱ܽȥϵֺϡֺϺ󣬷ռֺϵʴˣǸ˵ʲôú
ˣʣΪûժǹժǹ۲ƣ
˼ժǹһլеŮ𣿵ǽݺ³׼ġᶦֺϣռ̳ǣҿǴ̳ǰˡ
ĵҹĸ֮
ᶦЦô᣿һУҪľܻ³ܴ³߲ҡͷ޺
ЦȻ޺˵档ˣҲ³̫ӣҪ³վסţ³Ҫֻ֧֣࣬ҲҪ˵ѣΪ˵
ᶦЦŵͷҵĵڶϢ
˵ú
Ǵ̳ǴѨֺϲΣĿ̳ǣ߳Ƕ̶ֻ࣬Ҫܣ³ĶĿ̽ȥᶦҪٶ
ҪߣᶦסζһЦȵȣ˵˵վ֮У֪ʯ֮ˣᱻΪѹҪȰңȻһúˣȡ
ýһϱУȥɡ
֪ᶦһ뿴һı£һ룬Ļëϲˣˡ
û취֪һȥúҪϼˡɶǽԼ˰㽪ŹǣᶦΪˡԼáҲɱڡ
һȥԸ潪ᶦú˻ԽԽ١
ᶦһƣЦ
̳ǾۼΪãȿһְֻɡ
֣ϢԴԴϵĴȫǺϢ
֣ĺʱٻȥ֣̫ӾͿ쵽֪ˣ˵һ⣬֣̫ӷ֣ǰͷ̫֪֣֮ǰ֣˻ʵȴϲѡ
ܻñӻ˵
ǽĲ²⡣Ϊ֣̫֣һϵоٶʾȲҪλˡ
֣ɱɽ˵ˣ˵֣ǱǺġ
˵֣˻ʹŤת
ȴûô⡣
Ϊи˵֣ǳɹˡ޹Ǿ߸ʬ֣ȥķǣ˵֣˰
ǲ֪֣ʬʲô֣ĴԶ˵Ƹľë
ҲǸʬ֣ǰôģж೤ʱûûȣͲ˵ˡ
֣̫ȡš֣ǵȥˡһţ֣һɵĹҲֱ׳ġšˣɱɽˣɨ֣Ĳ֮ȫ˻ȥ
֣ȻɣǾҪĶ
֣̫ӾͰѷǸˡ
֣ǻǷ¹ڣ֣ǰ֮֮ˣȫһȥ̺֣ˡ
Щﻹ֣˼Ů檡
˵ڰݱ֣ʱ֣̫Ӱֵȫ֣ɹգͻ˶档
ͬʱ֣֣зˡҲԷˡ
֣̫ǰϢʱԭĬĬͱֵǵ˲ɫ䣬̾󹬳壬ȴڹǰĹ˸סˡ
Ȼ֣̫˽ˮʩȣȴԽԽͣճ˻ҽ
šĸӶ˵Լһǰӣһںɡ
֣Ϊ̫ӵĻܸԲԼɾ̫ӡ
¸ĸġ
֪֣ɵ֣̫ӹôһڴʱ˿˾ѡΪһ谭ǵĿܣһ㣬ǶŹ
µ֣Ǹӡ
еͷۡ
뽪ԪЩûġ
ַˡ
Ҳзӵ÷
֪֣ڼλ֣ǲǻأ
ң᲻⡭
Ȼ̳ԼĲôֺ֣ҲԲ̳꣬ǿ֣תõȥ
֣ÿʳ޵ģ˵Խ࣬Խ١
֣ЩеһЩԸװһ
ҪЩôְɣ
ʲô˳ˣɵ
Ϊ˴ĿģԹǲǿȶأ
еҪһƸǣ
뵽һõİ취һ˫񣡾ͲһƸǿΪ֣ȡ֣м£
ˣ
˽ܷǵκҲһˣǱߵΣ
ⶼ̨κ֮֮ء
յⶼ̨ϸ
ţëϸ֯һܵĻⶼ̨
ס¹塣
һйŮ¯𾵵ӻһͷ
Ƕǽˡ
ŮνСòҲ޷ŮȣһŮͨѽŮڡ
Ϊԭ򡭡κϲЩĹŮҲ޷ߡ
ƿţŮǿ߹ǵ۾ˡŮ̹ȥ
ȥɡϴ˵üë䵭۾Сһһ˵İ֮Уʲô»Ŀڣ޷˵
κЩϧȡ֡
СЩҪ󡣡С˵վϴߺۣǴΣֻ»ᱻ˵ɹŮκֻһۣҲϿڶۡ
˻ص๬Ů̺ǻ±Ļʪ·ϴ˾ҷˡ
㡣ϴʵڷúܣҲˣǸô죿
ʲô취أ
ٵȵȡٵȵȡҲֻô˵
ѾǼǰˡ
ʱôصĽθѹϡϡϡ
ϴô̧ǾȻ
Ů˶ס
ĺһһ
ϴȥȴϣֱϣ߳󣬿ŵ֪£ҴҸ
ʱѾ²ˡ
ͻص¹˵վˣܸҲˡֻ¡ӡ
͵֪£˽չţ
κһʼÿ춼Ҫ¹ǰվʱ
ԽԽ١
ڣ⼸춼ˡ
ϴ˺ͷȥ󣬿ȻܼȴȰһ
Щһͺˡϴ뵽ڵʱǾܾ̫۸ˣǻʲô
һ뵽Ϳ޸ͣµûֹҲֹס
ؼҡС˵ˡؼҡ
˺һһѹ
¹޹ڵŵƣһĳŸ衣
ҶŮڱ֧ţѵıŶӣϺۣǹͷѣǶŶӣЦÿů
裬СӿĵŰƣ˸Ƿ
˯ɣӶءùŮƽסӣŸ裬亹Ķϡ
Ůܸоö۰˵ϵĹͷˡ
С˯ˡ
ҶͷŤһߣһɣʱݺҧס̹һһľʹ
ɡ˾Ͳʹˡ
֮ǰҪȰźĺӡ
Ůιҩ۵Ĳһ𣿡
ҶҡͷԳһЦ˵ӡôҼͲʣǵϧҲٸˡ
̹һʹԹŮ˵ǸˣҪ
Ǹġáˡ


237 Ҳ
Ҷ߾ͳһŮ˵Ӱ
ûǵζ
ĸס
Ȱֺ
СʱҶΪ˶޵ġаʾԵĿڱ
ʱǴӲһʡĵطַ·ܿһıƵĶ¶
Ů
ٺ١
һһ
ΪոܼһƬУпӰǶϵĴ󳼣Ҳ᲻ԾĶʩչɫǵúΪ꣬ڱЦʱ˵Щ빫һͬͬഺǺǡ
üۣ·棬мĹǣһһֳ衣
˵Ҫ˵ЦȻﳤȥ
û˵ʱ֪Ϊǰ֪
ʱΪϲںſЩŮ˵ɫһֱסڸ޹С
ҵıĶ˵㵽ȥ͵͵һۣ˭ٳңòãһ氡
ʱԾסڷ⡣
ȥҸһ״
ǸҲûгӸʧˡ
ɵȵʼмĸס
Ϊɳ֣Ϊĸףܵõڵĵλܱģܲж˿ˡҸĻš
֮ǰΪǸһֱڱΪĸ׶ܵǣ
ܰޣҶĲΪĸŮˡ
ĸײ
ĸꡣ
ĸײ˽ӣūס
ģģҪأҪ
һܺõĹΪһ𾴵ŮˣĺΪ٣Ϊܡ
Ҫ޵κ֮ǰ˵ĸһ˽ŮŮĸԭһĹӣҡһ³ŮҲȻĳ˹
ЦЦ
ôǰ³ϲŮ͵͵ͺˣΪʲôҪ
ѵԺҪһ
Щ˲ԼͬĵǰŮˣü֮ĳЦ֮ɫһ
ƣҴû˵˵
ϣ
ϣ
ǼٵģǸ³ôһЦ˵
ǰǸݲĹôߵݣ³ΪʲôԸһĸĹӸλΪˣݾһġ
ֱȥκһһֱκΪ¾ܾ޹ȥͻΪԶĳ衣ʱֻȥˡ
κ̫ƣκȰУִҲ䵭ЩĵģʵԼò
̫ӿһƿˡ
֪ԼŮ˵òҪģ˵ƷԲġ
Ӳ׷󻪷ΣֱҪ޹֮ǰĵг־ӡ֬ࡣ
Ҳǹ̫ӿܻᰮˣѡ˳òڵĹŮ
ɡѡֳ֮ʱȴ٩Ϊ˲ñκӣ˳Ů
ʱˣֳ˳ȥ
ֱ̫ӣſʼ̫ӵĿɨŮʱŷֳԡܲЦ
̫ӵ̺ĹŮŮǾȻ˵Լòǰ̫ӹ·֯Ǿɫ
һŮòʱĿΪҪֺһŮ
˵ׯ󷽵ŮˣкδڹάˣӲ˵ѣŮöſġ
ŮȻʧЦ̫˿ɲϲׯ󷽵˰
Ĭ֪Щ˻ϲŮˣ˵ʱﶼйӣ˿ȥš
̫ƷԸ߽࣬ӦǲϲŮ˵ġ
޵İȵĲܿӦˡ
̫Ӷúܣʱ۾ȴôƽˮнŮʱ۾ȴᷢ
˵ҺˣĸŻôá
֪Ϊ֮ǰɱİĹŮĹвһˡˣȻԸĹŮϷ֡
κȰݣȴֹһΰǷ޽еߣҪǻ£̫ҪССļˡ
Ȩˣ¿ͷҲȨκ˵Ϊλĸ塣һգǻΪϰǻ᲻еȨĸǵİ֣֡ᷢɷǴʱԶûжǴ졣㲻òΪʱӣֻҳϵİ㡣
̫ӷ·˵ˣһԵǸжˡ
һ̣Ϊ̫һȥǻ޼һԷޣû˱ǸܣĸҲһ
κȥ̫ӾͻȻˡ
ңԶ
ȢΪˣȴȢ̫֮ŮΪʲôЦ˵Īǲϲбˣ
ȻǡֻǴڶ̫֮࣬ˡȴΪ谭
ЦһСŮӣѵ»ڲˡ
еķ֣ϲǸŮˣ
ԶʤϲϲԸŹϵ⣬ĶҲҪ
ôأ
Լ粽Сûһ֡
Ĺ¼ҹˡ
뾡취źۼֺ̫󲽲ƣϷŹ
ʱáǹ̫ġ
ܶ˵ֵ̫ͬΡ̫壬ȴһκĽ
ΪʱഺʱѾҵɴ
̫˻Ը̵ĶԴ
ŵʱԼݵһΪԼˣ
˶Ů̵ҪԼ
ǸŮûзԹÿһ
ǽĹ˽˶Ҫõĳ󣬼޸κˣʹ
κĻ̫ӵӣİ֣ȫȥȥ
̫ӵӣ̤κÿһûѹ
κ̫ӡ
⣬ȴ³
Ůڴǰ˵ܹˡ
ܷòܼӵܵϲô굽
κԺ֪ϯȥ͹ҹڶȥʹһСؼˡ
µκκͱȢϳ
ܷûбԼ֣ٳϵӵܣΪʻ磬ⶼ̨Ӫ
ɹӴ˹еˣȶĲǱģǹе
ǸѾԲ£̵
ܷӴΪ̫ϣҴΪ϶ǲϣⶼ̨Ӱ˵ģһ̫
ǰ룬Ҳǲˡ
ν̸޷ȡ֮󣬲ֻܷժǹΪնˡǵ˴ԣժǹһĸ˰ºڣˣ
һһصɴܷ˼ǳĺ˵һʹ£̵ֶֿԼʹࡣ
ˣĹŮתͳȥˣš
ܷǾĵطǰһ
˵ñĸء
òܷǸӲ
ͻȻˣ˿һǵмžЩ
˵һ˵ժǹ¡
ܷ֪Ĳ࣬Ϊȡ֮ˣ˵ľժǹš
ġܵ³谮֮ʣ³ĸһܴķأ
˳ԭΪɳǣڽ̳ǣǹġܷǵ
֮ˣΪʲô
ܷ˵ȻǹĽá
֮˺ܳʱ䲻˵ֱƻ裬ͻȻ˵
ܷСĿվǰ

ԥɴ߽ȥ
ǰһĻˡ
κ󣬽һڴʬŬİѴϵһСƸ
ߣ͸ժǡһҶŬİܷǣҪȥԼ
ܷǹʹ֣סģ䣬Ŷ亹ЩӲ
Ҷʱɬ۾һᣬȥιһҵҩѣ㣬ʹ߰ɣ
ܷǽŻƵϼӳⶼ̨ſӣû˿ڳʱвһӡ
ͣʹ˸ڳŹرǰӳ˳ǡ
º˵̫͵СӣΪȡŴڴǰԾˡ
ڱС
ĸãԼС
ԣǶܻñá


238 ӹ
յ͡
ĴӺ˯ڻ԰ʯϡ
ΧŴ̱ǵĻ㡣
Զϸϸ˵
Ůӵ
ûȢޣŮӵһǰһ󼲲ֻôҴſʯ¶ܣ˯ǱͻŮӡ
ſڵϣĵľ⽥ˡ
ˡ
ˣȥɡһصѾͷ˵
ĺܡ
ܷȴһ亹
УʶѾͷֿڳơˡֻǰЩӸȢļޣļĸˡ
סǷ֡
һǰ֪ʲô磬ҪȢѾˣ׵ķ񣬲֪һҵŮȻ˴֮˼һߺЦһҲоӡ޽ţҲֻ쾴˱裬ԶԶһۡϾ곤ļٵļĸǱӵĺá
Դ޽źۿŵĽŲһձһո죬ϵЦԽԽ࣬²ЩͶ׵ԺڽѰһЩȤ֮üˡ
ĵ˾ͺãϸˣӵТˡڼĸףΧھѵϷЦ֮͵Էɡ
ڣȴһϸǧί˵ҲҪҲȥ뿴
С㡭Ѿͷ̾Ϣ
ܷһ飬ɵϸ
Ⲣˡ
Ǹ˵ƭңҲƭңû˵ôϰ
ϸĿһصĴʯͷҽ˲ܷǵθ
֪ͲʺȢŮɡǵһʩŮƭȢŵġ
ҲڽֻҪһϵý˾С
ýȴ˼Ҽҷ磬ĸ壬ȻѰǺµˣҪ˵͡
Ǹĸֻǽ㣬岮ɩ
Ƶľ͸ƣľ֮ʲô͸ʲô
Ȼý˵š
зòгֻ˵зҷá
Ϊɢ͵ĸȺ͡
죬˵ʢ
̫ý˱زͣ˵һܼͨңһϯ
ţµڶˣ࣬ҲѾ췹ˡ
ֲֺӣСŮӴûɫ


ҡҡλεģܷ˹
Ѿˣǵĳһһҹˡ
ƹһݳһ̶ͣ
еĺӺһ˯
ܷڳϵͲ˻Σ滹⼸죬Ӷǳ
ֻʲôܳԡҺúˣȻ·ϻ֪ȥ
Ӻܹԡ
Ҫ˵ߵģͲˣԹҪҪʺˣûԼţһ˫۾Ĵ͸
ܷһʣܡУһֻһεĺӵͬһ
һʼķÿ춼ڳڱ˵һĸӡ
·ԷŹǵʱ˲ʡֵҵǣƺκǰһ״ãûĴѰӡ
ⶼ̨һһҲûµԴ
ֻܷ˻ƹһŸ·ʣµȫӱ·ߡҪһ·ߣһ·κ̫ɱ֮¡
ϵͭʱ߳ȴ֪ˣ
˱죿
ܷǲҶൢ飬ҴѰһСЩ·ײʶˣûƹһ䲻۵ıСꡣ
ͭǱ򣬴˼ҶԼһЩ·ˡÿʱÿţһЩʳˮ޼նǿԵġ
βѰһ˼ңԺǽݵָ£һھֻ䷿ӣԺﵹܳ
Ǽ߻Ļɡ
ƹԺ⺰𣿡
̳һӣƤ׾һѳ룬ȴŶ̴ѣңŲЬ
ƹһʱֲǲǻɣʣҺͼ;˵أЩ˵ĸ·ϳԣ֪ɷøһЩ
ǺǰţҪ
ƹҡͷһĻ죬ȥ˴źţôߵǽɷȥ
˵ȵȣҽȥҸ硣
Ҫ˻Եйɴһҡ
ţһͷˣߡиĺӣһֻƹ
Ǹ׳ĺӣƹվվסһ˴
ƹһĸֵܣ
ÿһ˺ðѳƽȥֵе˳ǣԾˣЩˡ
ӵ˲üûУҲܸԺﺰŰ
ղǸӿ첽ţƹ
룬һ˼ҲСƹһ£ȱһӰѾȥˣǸСӴӳ׷Źˡ
̣ŵĺӺܣ
ƹֵܵǲ١
ĺ˵ҲǼҵģҪҼҵĳҸ
ƹŽȥĺӰѳȥƺԺط̫СȻѳǽϡ
⺺ǽȰ
ƹɵ˽ȺֵΪõͷҲˡ
ĺ˵Ҵ˵еĸҪŹأʵʳңҪǲҵ֪һطЩϡ
ҲУ˲ԣҲܶƹҪӦĺӴӺԺ˵ǺڶҵİɣȥˣǼͷĸţﻹһˣҪء
£Ҳûˡ뺺ǸŻƹ߱һƬʮ໧׸ϣһס
ƹ˼ǮŰѶ˵ϡ⺺Ҳˬ죬һˣƹȴת۾ͰյǮԱߵľƹһǾƶ⡣
ԭǸ԰ȡǲߵġ
ֲһֵܶ࣬ô
ƹת۾ͰֵһֵԺˡ
Ժһýʵʵġ
ˣǼߣмҲջˡ
Щϧˡ
ò׵õϢ˵ʲôҪˣ
̳ǡ
֪ô
֪ǲǵǣҪҪǣ
׷Źȥ̡
ʱǲٿأ
ְ󣬲ôٶҲ²ɱ
Ҫ
Ǿֻˡ
뵽оϰµġܾһ𣬲ֵܣʤֵܣۺʱű˴ˣɣΪǶΪǹ̴ӡ
ΪйǲŻһ
뿪˹Ҿͻɢˡ
գǴˣͽȴĴţǰǣɰ飬ȻľͻС·ߣͽôȲˣֻۻȥңҵʱѾܻȥˡ
߻Ϻ󣬰³˵³ڣֻᱻ֣ȥκ
ʱ֪ԭκˣ˭Ҳû˵Ϊ³ˡ
ǸŽµκ·ϣŸߴʵͲǵøĸֺͼˣΨһǵõľǼ绰ֽС١
ժǹκ˵ϳС³еġ١κеġ硱
˷Ӵߵʱ̫СˣСʲôǵãһؼҲҲˡ
صκ󣬽Ҳ̽ҿСΪø˿
ʱý²ţװʶһڳϿ꣬һڳǱꡣͽ¡̣ºͽ˸ֵܵ꣬Ϊܡǽǵû
ǳ󶼳ñСʱòֻнҲû䣬ӽˡ
¿⣬ͱ˿ˣҪ˵ĵ̸ǻһԣǰ˺ɱ˺󣬲Ҳû˸ˡ
һ£ҲƺͽǳˡѡʶˣҲûʲôٹ۸ˡ
ôһꡣ
ÿ궼Ҫ³һϢϢֵϢ
ֻ֪ϳֳǣɹȴû֪ҲĹǲˣ˵־ֺϣɱ˹ֺֻܰ
ǰժǹ֡
ȥִˡ¾ҪЩԳȥܼˣ³ȥһ¡
áڵֻˣɲǰнֻŵʱ򣬳ȥһˣˣֵܾһٵһȣٵһȡ
ֱǰ˵³һ̳ǣиժǹ
ϲˣ⽨˸иˡ
ϢܹŹ֣ˣ˵˾͵Ц
ɽһ֪ǹ̳ǣ
˴̳ȴΪҪȥ̳ģǲϸǣҪô
ǵƭԼڵ֪̳ǣʵ³ɳǣ
ŸϽҲ
Ҫȥ
ؼҡ
صȥ


239 
է̳ҰϵĲѾˡ
ũһ£ʲôʱһβݣѩ˪϶֮ǰ
Ӧˣȥ˻ϡ
ĥҩʲôʱѩ϶ֵѩǰʲôҪŸ𣿡
˵̳ǸҰϵĲȫչ⡣
ϡ
ôôײС
ڼ˵˵չĲľұѩˮһ죬ȴ컯Ǻܺõķʡ
Ǹɣ
ֻЩʵʣŲݻһأĲݸҪӵȻ껹ô˵ղˣ
˵ʱϴһҪıأ
˵УĶʳ٣˵̳ӣҪչݲݺǵûгԵġ
ǲŻ˸ݣ̳ǵ˲ȥ
ˡ
֮Ǹһĺüƣ޺кǸﲻأ
գ
Ĳݾ֮󣬻ϲ˳죬̳ǻǺʮѻ𣬲¼ֻ˶ʮ㣬ˣŷƣһҹ󣬻һ·ӵһߡ
˸ŻǰߣΪˣǾҪȥţҺ÷ȻһأȻûд̳ǡ
һֱ콵꣬Ϩⳡ̳һٰʮǽ
һֱصϨŻһ񣬹۲ر߳ǵķӦ
һȥˡ
ر߳رɢھʮĵطʮ죬ûп˳ѲߡϡչˣҲûӦ
أʣڸջ񣿴ׯؤ
ҡͷûСһ˳
˳˼飬ǰūԵĵط
عѾˣɼûɵҡ
Ȼг߳߻ʵԶô˸˳Ϸ
Ӷ쵽죬Ϸܻӭʱ䡣
εǣЩߵū˵˳ʱǷϵ˳ȥ
Ϊ˳ԵūսƷȫߡ
ϲͷ˱Ͼūǻ۲ĸֻǰסǾͻСĸں棬ԼץǾͿһˡ
ǽ˵ġ
ﲢԴΪܡصľ˵죬ڻˣ͸ԼҪ⡣֪Щ£Թã͸߹
˵˾зԣ´лɡ˵û˵Ҳţֻ
ԭô¡
ռеĹɻƾԼԷֻȥū
һֱ״̫֣̫˼顣ȴֲһҶô޷⣬ȥһ֮
ӵһСÿһÿһƬɽ£ÿһɭ֣ÿһء
ﳤҰݡҰˣ˵ġɭ񣬺㣬Ҳ˵ġ
ͨ˼ȲܿΪҲԸȥֵأֳˣֻҪǿ˵ģﳤĶͶˡ
һƽճ˵ūûбĻ·
Ǹǽʲô֣
дǰס˵
׼ҵĳǣ
׼ڲ֪Ͷ˭׹޶ͶЧ««ĲϿλˡ׼ҵ̫ܲӵǰȥͶġ
ǵú쵽˰ɣͻȻ뵽һ⣡
ͷ쵽ˡ
ȻһҪ󣬵Ϊ˾ͲҪЩúˣȻܡ
úˣҲҪȥǿˡ

Ͻˣȴɱˣ
ʲôʱҲɱ˱ϰΪˣ
Ϣ͸׳ǵˡ˵͵³ˣ´¼ɣֻ֮Լһ
ת۾Ͷˡ
׼淢ûֺģ仰͹ȥ׼˵ԼһҲҪ׮ɡ
ȻҪˣֵĲˡ
ˣежͽ˾ٶһۣ׹ڱǡ
˷·𱻴ӣеЦЩˡ
Ȼ˾ٵˣЩ˻ǵˡ
˶ϴɾС
ϿʱŲӾ֪к£Űȥˣ£ʲôĵ°
˵ûУϵϲԽԽصģ̲ס˻ϡ
ԽԽأϻο˵㿴ôϧ㣬ԺЩֶҲáʱɱˣδؾͰ첻ɡ취ҿǸĵģҲϲôˡ
ǰʴȲˣһȻ˵
ϼĥҩһͻȻ˵̳ǵĵһ꣬Ҫúõļһ²С
һˣæԻ˵һҳȥˣǲõˣ
Ȼȥʼˣɲ
ҴȥŲܻ˵ҪԷˣȥ
ʲô±ȳԷҪܵһȣһĥҩˮ
ҲֻǸӡ
ܰˣ˭
Ȼôʹ࣬͵ɡ
ڰϣʼȴ˲ϳԡ
Ѿɨɾˡʼ˵Ҳùԭġ
ɳԭĵطһأһʦļ̨
Ҳô롣
Ƕʱùߵǰˣʲô̳ǵʶأ
̳߱Ǹдĳַҵеļ֮ʣµשʯ˻̳ǡ
ǻϵ顣
ϵ˴ϾԭڵġһǶܽܵǽܹݡ
񻰹ǹͬԸ
Ϊ̳ǲǹķأֳеĴԹҲûж⡣αǵ̳ǣһƹ̳أ
Ǿǰѹ
ĳˣʼûʲôģǽǲ͸ôһᳵ·ĵȻ
Ȼ֮ɫ
һǰļᶨе˷ܡĳŹ񣬲˵Ϸ
ȻΧÿһ̫ԣǲûվϲֶ˵ڽµܺá
Ҳ̳ˡһƬϵ˶ңøɸɾ
˵Ѿ˼ӣשЩשǴӸǰģ϶һ
ÿڸ޾ϲʱٸʵӡ
שͲ˵Ļȥɡ
λ̳ࡣʼǧūҹͣ޽ʱѾ߳Ρ
һ߶ɽһľ޴ʯשūڰĲָ״ľͼãֻҪһ£ѾһϵĶ̧һ´ĥСһʯשʹá
ԶҲܿЩʯשӦöźܶʷˡǶֲܴڣȫֹĥɡһ£磬ڻשʱҪһҪҵһʺϿʯϵɽɹ˵˴ʯһĥשֻֻ¾ҪϺܶ๦ˡ
ҡ
Щשڷȥʱûճϼ
ֲô᲻ڸԶĹŴûճϼķӽˣ϶ŭˡ
ǻ.
ЩשŻôһֻܷһשŰǶ˻
ϻשǳǽʱשʵԲǿǽҪҪ£שȥһǣԼ͵ˡҲ
Щ˵Ҳ߰˰שܺ棬ɵ߹ȥû뵽ҲڣſһשϿĻƣþ۾
ϣڿʲôȥʣҲһϵˮ𻨣
Ͽ˿þȣҲȥȥ
ѵֱǰס
첲ϵ֣鸴ӣ̾һ̬ͻȻˣָǻ˵ҿӦǱذǰֵʳ
۾˲͵ɴˣ
̶սϸôһ˵ԽԽˡ
ҶһƬһ׮ƻ˵صĴС
ֹɱ˴˵صˣ˶ūô򵥡
ûּأԲͨ£һصİշϢľ汲ڶഫϰߡ
ʲôطˮʺסޣжߣ
ʺʲôʳʲôͳĲˣʲôΪȵȡ
ҰһȫĨˡ
ø򵥵ӣūˣ֪ʲôջ񣡲˱ص򣬲رĲ溦
Żһʼʹڲָĵˣֻһˡ
Ҳ׼ܻỨǺܳʱ䣬ҵʺϱصҵֲȻܿʼֲ
˭бѾʮûֹˡ
һصũҲ
ʮ꣬㵱ǸһˣūҲûʮϵˡ
Ͳ˵Ʒˣҵص˵ʣµ⡣ûеһǿ¥
ȴһͼĻᣡҳǱҲǸ
ңҲ˸ˣ˴ͼȥңһƵֲȥˮߣˮԴ㣬޶ĵطȥҡ˵
еıȥңһҹоһѻɫĸ֦
Ǵа˸ߣϸҶխͷжĻ״֮ӲԭĹǡ
ǿ̫̫ܽӡ
˵ˮһЩֻǲôࡣóһС򿪵һЩСӣҲǸˡ
һСѣǧǵĴʱ䶼ڼˡ
һ飬ǱСĹ׻ҪСһ㣬ɫ
ܳ
һ㡣˵
ǣСˣˣˮȥץ֮һŽȥ
һˮ˵㡣
ʢһ룬׼ȣסץһֻ
ץιһģһҹȥȻ
ûġǲ֪ܲܵʳԡ
˰Ǹù漴ȵķ֣еˮ˹һİ壡
ԭˡ̾
ȷʵǿԳԵʳֻ»ʳ
ʼʣҪҪѺȶɹ
û֣͵ΪȰɡ
ǣͳ˺ȡ
á˵ȥţʲôʱѿʲôʱ򳤳ɣʲôʱ룬ٿ᲻ʲô溦ȻȡһЩӣڱĵطһ£ӦΡǲҪڶˮĻ²̾Ҫܲӡ
Ҫֻǡֻƭȥˡ


240 
ˮǳʣµǳǳϣٴһʪ鲼ϡ
궬ǰڹ̺˿
ǰûֲˣҪϡ
繫ޣʩ繩ˮϵͳ繩ůԼҽƱϡ
޾ǲشС㣬ڽϵֱֻţ
ǴСˮס
ˮϵͳʵǰѳĸˮţٰסլšԼԺеˮͲ˵ˣˮֻһŶһţסլֻܴڵˮˮܿˮˮˮˮҵˮϸ֣ˮֹԽˮҪץȥɻ
˵ڽϲÿͷŻˣøɻŻ
Ƕ˵ūҪūܳԹסܸɻ򲻻ҩȡ
ǹūȥɻǾǸɵΪֹ
ůϵͳҲūĴ󿻡ԽԽÿÿ춼һٷȴÿһ¡
죬̳Ƕūֻ»в١
û취ֻȰѿû޻£ȴúա
ҽϵͳʵΪչػ
̳еˣˣԵҽԺȥ
ҽԺȴû㹻ҽҩ˵ܲܵȫҽҽˮƽѾﵽˣһ˷ֳʮ˸Ҳˡ
ҩĵ¡ҩûô࣬ûвҩɲɡ
ڲҩֶһ˵ϵĳЦ
ʲôǲҩأǲݣֲ֦ͷʵʱҩЧժڲֿʮµģˡˡˡˣ˭Ҹ˳ԣ
вҩ뱣ǸڷչḶ́ĿǰȻﲻҲеҩ˲һԾô档
ڳҩϼЦҽǰҩ岡֢ͬҩȫͬ
Цˣͷ˵ĶԣҲܽдģͳоһЩ֢йܽᣬƳҩöˡ
ϣ
˼ұ˵ˡ
˵ȥԣҽԺȥˣҪв˵Ĳ֢˭˭һҩ˶κá
еڲø˶ۣȥٸ롰ۻô죿ˣ
һͿ۶࣡
䣿
˶û뵽뵽ˣһ飬һѻѻһˣӲģ
ģ㿴סǸݣסݣƽʱǲһ顣ĿﻹпҡٰѰƽʱÿҲȥ²ʱȥȻȣ㿴Ҳ۲ҡ
ǰɶˡ
һһ꣬΢ЦŸѩҾͻȥòð
ʲôõأ
Ǳͷˡ
ȥԺ󣬸ıǺֱ۵ġǰӵҽԺıǽ˶ˣжȵмϸ첲мϹ۵м˼
˵ʼȥ˸ɵòãͦõġȥԺͻıģԺʮˣŹˣһͷһ
ʮˣ˽ͷԺסԺŻ¡йʱأԲʮ
ȥʻϣעûУ룬Ȼ֮ǰʲôطסƽʱԺȵʳġ
Ǿͺܿһ̷ŪһЩ֪˶õ⽴ȫʺˣ˳ȥȻ۸ܱˡ
Ϊ̳ǵķչȫֵģȻгʵϾṩһΪʺҵչĿռ䣬
ǣ·̳ȴڴ˵޼ҵˣ˿ķӣˣյءֿ⡣
ǣڴ˵
Щ˴Ǹ̶Ӷԭסĳкã뿪̶
շʱе㼤Ϊζųͣū֮⣬̳ǵ˿ҲһԵѭСзϢ֮⣬˿ڵӿҲµ
ЩǸһһ췹ûлûס
޶ˮҲǿǵ߲ĿܣЩ˵Χ
Щ˳ԵķȻ̫õġǮҲ᲻óԹĶ
ǳԵľˡ
һչĶǲݡ
ڵ˺ȲȳԷĶ࣬Ϊһˮһٷ˶ˣҪ̸⣬ȥ겻ȥݣһ̸
ܶණŷ
йб˵ģ˵һ֣Ȼ˵Ĳġ
˵óˣǲܵġ
Ҳû뵽˾Ȼôˣöķ⡣
ǣݵϰͱץˡ
һȺƻĳѵĶȫɡˡ
ϰҲǸˣ۹Ƚϳǰġǰ̳ǵ̻Կ˲ݡʽ
˵ÿгһҡ
ͻֵ˰ļҵ궼ˡ
ϰ屻ץеɡ
Ϊ̳ǿҲаˣûץһˣһֱΪ̳ǲץǵġ
ץԺҲûбͶʲôΣǾ˨Լĵǰ˨׮ϣչʾʾڡ
ȻʹΧ˵ġ˵ڱĵطҵҲȺ󱻳ˣˡ
ϾҲҵֵģ˵ùͶ
Ҳк̳ǿý˵Ը
ϰµԴæԿĳԸԽ
ܿ̾Ͱˣ쵽˽̹ݡ
˶ڹǰŴ˳ϾͷһץˣҲ뿴³Ρ
ܿ죬ϰʧǵĳˡ
ûпأ
ûѺ
Ƿˣһӵϣ
˵˵˵˵ô
Ϊʲôץˣһղûʡ
ҵĶˣһæա
Ŷԭ˻Ȼ򣬵̳Ƿϲ˵ΪֻҪˣǹūˣҪʿūĹٶˣã
ϰһʼЩޣʱһҲе̾ҵù
ôһ˼ʣ˵˵
ϰ壺ΪҵĵˣԵȫûˡȻˣһһٽ𡣡һٸǮ
ūʮһǮ൱һūҪʮūǮ
һ̾
Ժ˻أƽʱȥ˻Ļزǰɴû˹ܡ
û£̳ƣ
ϰûˣŴҷΣȫһǧ𣡡
æʣʲôǹȫ
ϰղ˾ߵ̴ӸǵúȻ̫˾˵ΪķǻģӦ֪Խȥ˲ãҲ֪򷹵мˣҲ֪ǳ˻ôпߵ㣬㣬㡣һָ˼ˣʱЩָ˶ˣԼǻķһ
ԣΪǴˣ뺦˭˭Σչȫ
˾ٻ˵ֻҪȥ˸һٽ
ϰܳʵû˶صʰʱҲҪִһá﷨ɡ
ϰ屻˾׷򣬻Ա߿ŵĳȥʰǡ
Ϊһ˷ۿңӦûһ˳̳ǵķ糱
ǣȣݵ˸ˡ
ΪݵⶼˣƺΪε£˵²ʶҪһǧ
ԣŵĲݴ˹档
Σ˱ٱ
ȻǾָɵġ
ǡ˵ĳĳɱˣ֮֡󣬸־ٱҪΪһɳչĴ;Ƕɱ˰ٱͻΪݺ˶ɱˡ
թԷųˡ
ɱ˶ԣթܲý綨ߵĶԴ
ҺãҲҪ׷壬Ҫ̳ǵҵ
ǣ˭Ǯ࣬͸˭
Ϸ
̸⣬̾ʧղرǮĳգؽǰ̹ݡҶˡ
бıûˡһǶˡ
ȻȻʧˡ̾˵ʱͶʶǽҵǮҪһǮ
Ҳϻ׾̹ܽݰҸˡ
ץˣĲֿⳭˣĶ˸׵ľͶûˡ
Ҳ浽ʼ
ʼ˵Ҫ̫뽪˾ٲǡ֪˵Ϊϲ˾٣̫ؼʵĺܣ
Ϊ̫رزƫ˾٣ҽ˾Ǯģ
ʼʣǮ𣿡
𣺡ˣյǱ֤𰡡
ʼ˵Ҿû취ˣϵùɡ
˵б֤𣿱ʲôģ
ʼ˵УɹģɹҲܰѱҪⶫ˭Ǯ˭
̳㣬˵ĸ˵һ飬Ȼ˳ľһĶͷֻҪѶͷ̳編һ飬Ƕͷ군𣿲군Ҳһ
ͣˣ֤Ѿ̳ǡ
ЧЦ
˵̹Ѿ챻̤ƽˣ֤ġ
û˾
вǮģ
ȻϲˣùСѲµƣĿǮֲ֪Ҳ޿κΡ
£찡
ֻҪ˾ٺ̫ǿǮԺ󷽱֮Ŵ󿪣ǵǴкô
̾˱ǮȥĪˣǹܳģеıȥһ硣
ֺġ
ƽʱý󽫾ˣ֮ǰΪ̳ûףڲ̽һ
Īϵľܾˣ
ȥһȦ
û˸
̫ףˡ
ⲻ˷˰
壬Ѿµˡ֪ʲôʱ˴̹ݵʵг衣ѣ壬˳ĶܿԵԴ
һͲýմȾһˡ
̾˿ֻǲ
ҪˡǰʮжʮͷţǴκҲ˽µʱ䡣
뿪κʱھκ³߾ʱ˵һ޵ڴ˴֮ǰܵ񶼲֪ܵȥˡ
Ϣµ˺ĽӡȻһǧ˵Ĵ
˿ܻẦ£ȴ
³һȽֵ˸أ
̶غǳʱ·˺̶ܶӣȻȻľ۳ɴ̶ӣСֵᣬֵܶģֶֺΣڶо߻Ȩ
ܷ˿ź૵ǵˡ
ЩУΪ˱ܿ˵ĶĿ·㲻˷֣Ҳ˵ġ
˼ǰΪֻܰ⺢ӽժǹ
ֻϣܶһ֮ɡ


241 
һд඼ǵһ̳ǣǻܵҲκ³ص˴ţģǶĶˣһԡ
˴඼˼࣬һʼѹϼҵףһԣкôأ»ǴôãһʧҲ̫
ң쵽̳ǵ·ϾѾǺܲˡ
Ϊǰǽ
ųˣ۵һǰߡеţòԼߣٱһſڰ·ǿľ̫ˡ
ҲΪ̫ڣֻܰԼĿóιţԡ
һ̳ˣһɾ̳Ǹϡ
Ŵ޴ӭչһ³죬Ҳǽ죬һֻ޴ͷżľ޽ǡ
һȴɫһֻ޴ĺɫչɡ
ʲô죿˿ʵ
˽ҡͷûʶ졣˴ϴʶ㣬϶ԡ̳ȴһ治ʶ죬ڵ׳ʲôأ
ʽ񣬡磬㿴ǹ𣿡
ҡͷ
ԽԽˣġҲԽԽˡ
ϣǵǡ
Ҫǡ
ǵǱȱĳҪ򵥵Ķֻ࣬ǼǳϵĻ࣬·㳵ϴţ͵ĻģǼܴ̳֮ǣ˵ⶫôľôģѪ˵ɱϵģš
һֵܣ൱ûһŮ죬ŸӣҲһļϣֵˡ
ýȥ˵ţҲһһϣЩǰ˵Լֵܣϲͬ
ĶԽ˵˳ǲ򵥡
ȻŶ˿ɣҲ˲أʵʵݡ
ֻҪ̳ǣһһһ˶Ҫ¼ûǮôͰĳǳһģֲճ˰ʲô
һʵ¼֮£Ҳ㣬һץһ׼ڽ
˳ţǰг
ˮСǽźܶһǾ͹ҪҪжģ̇ģһǮ
ԱһЦ˵ڹˣʮǰһУҪǮ˲Ҫˡ
ҡͷҲҶ͵ȥʡ
ʱһСˣҪҪסĵطҪҪֿ⣿
⣬Ȼ˸ˣⲻˡ˵꣬һ˵˵ⲻģ̳ǷӶ࣡
һ˻ˣõﻹз⣿
ۿҪæʣλ綼Сͷһȸ裬ҲСܽ⽲⡣˼Ҳóˣⳡ滰˵úܡ
˼˾ס죬һȰѼҵɣȴȥӡ
»˨ڳϣְѽӳϺҪۣͽ²һֵܡ
ֵ֮вۡһССС죬СʱԲҲһúáȵͲˣɷΣ۾ôСէһһʵࡣ
Ӳߣֵ֮ߵĽ߸ûĺƵġ
˶óһԲֵܣûʣһڽҲࡣ
ŶǸˡ
˶ٿֻԽ˵
³øߴȴСЦˬʣ󷽣һĺ
⼸꣬Ҳûʲôͷнͽڣʲô¶òģǮԸɵģûǮ棬ڶһӡ
˿ᣬȡռЩôһĳģһһ˵ý
Աһ䶼ˡ
泵Խ˵£ǰȥС
̣ڴǰ˵ʲôǴʲôǴˮס
ͻȻһֶˣı˵££㿴㿴
ºͽ񶼴յǰ⿴߹һˮס
ˮ׾޴һ˸ߣ׵㣬Ȼ컹䣬ˮûнˮǺ͹ʱ˰ժ·ϵһ
ʱ˵ժǹݻժǹܵ·϶ˮס
ͽȻҲˡ
۶ֱˣ첻˵ˣ˵ﶼôĸɹ˵Żͷ׿ڿ˵ɹʲô˽
˰Цˮˮ
󣺡ˮﲻǣ˭ҵĸףôˮ
Ц˼ҵġ
г·ԽԽ㡣ߵķӿó඼ǻǽģе˼߶̵ġ
һǾһսŻеĳ档ȻһϵķӶꡣ
𴦲ͬǣÿһ϶һľƣд֣еԭɫд֣еȴͿ˺ᣬԭɫ
˵еķѾȥˣеû⡣ָźɫľ˵ⶼûģȥһģмԺͣоûˣһȥѷסȥˡ
ȥˡ
㣬ԺӴġӶĿ϶͹иǾ͸ˡ
ǻ֪ҪסãҲ֪ǲ̳ǡǰһȦһ䣬ȡŻȥˡ
ˣЦȥɡ
ǰߣ˾͸ˣҲ·ֻѲߵĳֳֳì
˴Ҳ࣬һ߸ǽͣǹȥߣǳȥǱߣߴ·Ҫġ
Ѿ˵ˣǽ󣬴ʱҲе㶶
⡭Ҳժ·ϵϰߣҲǹµġ
ڽֵͷһƬĿյءֻһۡԶ
һߣһЩճͣ֪ǣˡ
˵ѳͣ⣬ǻǣߣŪ档
ǽ¡񡢽̶ˡ
»ﱧŸС
˿˽һۣٿǣẉ̂Ͷˡ
ˡ
»ĸ˵취ɣ
ǰ˵ֻҪǰǣ̣ǾͲᶢʹˣǻɺ裬ֻǴһװ
Զ㣡
񣺡ˡ
͵Цˡ
ֵܼͽԽԽÿʣµĶɴˣСʱ
ңôӣڻǴݰ׵ģһ۾ˮģ׵ѩһһȦͺˡޣë
Ϊëһ䣺Ȼˡ
ì׷ɱȥ֡
ҲίֲܱЩ˵Ӷſ
ѽ½йС˵ֲǲ֪ıƢڱһŹ
Ļסˡ
𡭡
һҲǽŵġ
̿һ۽С˵壬ۡ
æ־סۣۣ࣬¸̴֡
һߵǰ
ǰСͯżϣɹ̫˵Ļ
ǹһС̨ͯףЦʣ˴ʲô£
˵⼸СǴκͭģӡ
Сͯ˵𣿿˾ͰӸңýȥǼǡ
ͳӣȴûеݹȥǵݸ˽¡
СͯͿ£ˡ
˻Ҫ𣿡Сͯʡ
ƽ˼أŵ͸ˡ
СͯЦʣʲôȽһۣҶͲطˡ
±ҡͷУܣҲܣԲ򿪡
Сͯף֪͵ǿ˾ɡ
ʣµҲˣûû⸽ûУ㶼ûط㡣
»ͷһ۴ңСͯȻȻĽȥˡ
СͯߵĲͥԺǼеλҲ֪Լլۡһλá
һСźǰȻʡǰСͯ˽ʣǸʲôˣ
СͯŹȥǸģ˵ֻܸ˿
ЦһָǾʹȥɡ
¼СͯߣԼ߽СԺǽ˽С⣬Ȼûгȥ·ˡ
Ǹͬ
Сͯ˵һȣһ㡣
˵վˡ
ϰµģܾô˵Σķɱڡ
ɵðѻебøЩ
ΪǹǾģ
ǡǣ˲ҪûˣҪôϣ
̫çײˣ
Ӧٶٽģݵǰô֪أ
һ޲ɱԼʱһŲӱеĳ
թ
Ѿ̽뻳ˣһİ£ǰ¶𣡡
˭
͵תֻһߴľһЦһ˹˵ıתȦȦ
££ֻ𣿻˭𣿡
˷ſĨһѱҪܡ
סϸ޵òüۣ塣
һϳˡ
ʣ壬ǹ𣿡
Цдᣬصĵͷǹһֱڵǣ
ۿһȣ˲ʲôˣҲ˵ˡʣ𡭡

̫ˣ
˾ýе֡
Ǵ⼸κⷿӣȻһ˽ȥˣٹһ˸Сͯʣµ˶ˣʮǮллȡ
˰Ǯˡ
ô£һʡ
һԥ׳ŵ˵áֵܣͦÿģ
Ŷͦ׾ģ·Ҳɾ˵ҲܺЩȫͬġ
˿˼ۣ˵ѹǣҲ˵
һͷ
һˣֵòϲֵǿڸĹ»ȥˡ
ǰһѿ޸ͣĴСӣýԼŮˡ
޲
˾ͺáҲʵ벻̫ǰһҲûϲȵʲôģôͻȻ֮䣬ǾԼˡ
Ȼһ
ڽߵ̣ķӳôˡ
ܺãܴܽ۾鶯ˡ
ԾЦ
ʱְѽڶǺӵƳȥǮһСĺ
ûб̵ˡ
ƫƫ˵Ƥ
˶ڸм㲻Ǻޡ
ôеأ
սнɡӣս
˵ͼһ̲סЦһ¡
Ƕȥϴ軻·һһԷʼҲôʶһ£Ȼٿܸɵʲô
ôȱ֡
ýȥϴ裬˳˵˵̳Ŀǰ
һһĴׯȱ˵ġ̫ҲȱԼѵһЩˡ˵
ºͽͶ׹˼ˣĿǰˣҲʶ߻ͳ档
ǸջûǸѧһѧһ£˵ø׵㡣
һ㶣ֹǵժ¥Сͯ¶ǽ
һů
ǣһֺúѧ
ǵıӰֲʵС
ⲻΰɣ
ʱһСͯܽ˵ܷ
˵
СͯŶһȥš
ܷվǰȻϼʱ󾪣ֻСͯٽȥͨһ
߹һ£ù֪
Ǻܸˣʵڲټˡ˵£͵ǾãһֵҼĴ¡
ܷǰһٷڽǰκ֮ӣκ̫ӣӡ
ǰյС֡
һܹӴȥķᰡ
ΪܷǻκˣΪܷջˣٶһ㣬κһӡ
κ̫ӣ
Сܷˣ
СЩ˵ˣ


242 
Сһͱκ̫ӣ˵۵˹飬ûзͲ֪ˡ
ⲢС޵̫ݵ϶
ӽԪλʱ򣬽ͷ۶Щƿһ˥
ѽѽСȷʵκ̫ӣκӣǳӣκָ̫ܵܵӼλɱ鷢鵽ȥָ˵˳λ֮սû⡣
޿ļ̳ˡ
ӱܷúܺãֵģ±˷ڵϣһİĵطҲְ֣ĽУȻתתˣܷǺ󣬾ͼѵĴӰ̫ѣȻܷȥ
ﺰ

ܷǣ
ܷһ֮ɫ⾪ŭӵʣϷŪ𣿣
ܷæҵȰÿò񻰵С޸Ȼżæ۴εĽͣȷʵκ̫ӣֻǣС˴ʮգʳˣڳҲԶ˵šš
ǰĹѾ֮ɫ
ܷԼǰΪʲôҪ⺢Ӻ⺢ӻѧˣ
˾ͰѲܷǸϳȥˡȻʼܷǴŸκ̫ӻ£Ҳ֪
֪ϢʼķӦȫͬ
úȤ
˫һȻߣҾ˸ɣҪȥǲҪ
ʼŵˤ齣ǰ׵ģҲɵˡ
ȥ˸ٲܷǺŻعҪҪȥκһΣ
ͬĵͷǰʼܵٴ
һ̫ӣ൱ڰסһ
ʼķӦӦκ̫ӸȥġҲӦõݵλ
Ͳܷһ̸
⣬»زܷʱʼ
ᱻܷǷ˶κ̫û˿֮⡣
ǾͲˡ
˻ͰѴµ֣иʼ
ʼҲµĻشزУ
ʼߺ󣬲Сκҡ
šһġ
Ƕһκ̫ӣǹгʲô²ʹκ̫䵽⣬κƱҪڴ¡
˵³κ߽Ѿˡֻκ̫κ̫ʹ˶ѡ
Ů˵κ˵Ͼʱһˮǲǣκ̫ӣǡ
ֻ£Ұ֮˶ӿκȥκʸЦ
ֻڻ֪κΡǲڲ֪κǱߵķչ֮ǰͰκ̫˵ȥ
Ǿͳɴ˵ˡ
κǱȴšһﲻôԥ˵᷽һЩ
ͷ˹ȥκ̫κ⴫һҪȥ
Ȼ󣬴ӽﴫκ̫ʧٵ¾˳ˡ
鶨ͳȥˡ
һСͯܽ˵󽫾ˣ
䣿վߵǰպÿ󲽽ôͻˣʣҳӦǸսǡ
俴ϵ̨ףͭǱβԣҾȴ˻ˣǡ
Ϸκ³֮׷Ҵ˳ͭǸмڣͭжפƽʱôѵʱѵˣǵľ·͹ˡ
ٲκݸˡ
֮ԸŻǷͭǱǰһݵģѾˡ
ɲǰ¡
ıȻֳǴûݵ£Լһ㲻֪ġ
Դֺפ֮󣬸СǾԶԷĸݡЩСǵȻΪֳǵŸǮûû˴űȥǣԼ͹ð򣬷˴Ҫ
СҲԼͨһء
ǮϾԼ⣬ЩСǵ϶ĸԸģżͻǷԴγҲǳ¡
Ҳϰˣ굽ʱȥǼһΣǱ»ؾͲôˡ
ദǢ
ݲȡеĶȣҪӳиǮΣҪ˵ļ۸ġݣ׼һԼ⣬ɸҷֱˣϵһһ󼪴ӣЩƷ͵ֺϡ
ԣһͭǸפǰǮˣ֪϶⡣
ſӱ޵Ļ߽ͭôǱ˵ͻӰ쵽
֪ˡЦ˵ûôϣȥϴ裬ȻԷ¸㡣
ЦôģǺ¡
ҲűˣƮƮģȥˡ
áӦ˵ȥϴ衣
ЦĿߵȥʲôʱŻᷢأ
һ
ʮһʹӺܹˣŽţѾ·׼ϴ衣
Ȼ俴ҲϴĽ
Цˡ
ܹͿſڴϣͷѵ¶˺ı飬桢Ƥϲá
ڿʱ¶һЦ
ۿһȣ󲽳
ð㲻ңҹ
СͯеĹһУȻǴЦͱ󽫾ĴŰڵذϷžž׷Ź׷ˣˡ
ӱҴˣҴˣ
֪ˣ׽ŪҲˣ仹ûϴ裬úܣͷϡϡϡֱȫⱧסĨһӡ
˲ˣʲôζ浽ǰֳĿιȥˣͷŤһԡ
ζְϣţס£ҲζҳԱζ
ˣң߿߿ʵڲĶ֣ϥϣһֻ־סˣôݺ
ס˵ˡͲ˰ɣ
šˡ
ϣ׺¥һᡣ
񡢽¡󡢽°ݼ
Ҳ֣صİǽܸʼǡ
ʼ֪⼸ģ￴ǣҲꡣ
λʼһô꣬Բģҵ
ǰǴ磬ڻΪףһֵܻᣬʶǳԺҪֶ̡
ϣ̱óں棬տġ
ȴ˰ˡ
ŽԪѪ°Ԫ
ƫƫǽģҲԼĵܵܿ
һĵͰɽǵĵܵܰɣοһСӣǨŭҲ̫ˡ
ȻǵܵܣּͲܲ
߶磬뿴̻ô
һȥҽʾһСͯȥ·ϡ
̿յһߡ
ȷƽ
ˣе㵣ģԱϡ棺Ȼڶ̣

ȥɫȻһζ
֣ǰСˣ
߶²ȥ̹ˣ
첻ʾСͯһԵģȥʼͽĵ¡
κ֪꣬ĿɱЩʵĶࡣ
һתͷžСͯľٻعͷպÿ̷ȣ
Сӷȥˣ
Ѱ·
Ц
ЦУһ̵ƹ磬ܵš
Ϊߴ
ΪЦˣϵ˾ͶЦˡ
ӦһĻ֡


243 ҳ
ѩˡǰ˵
ĵһѩˡ
һֱ賿һһȶ治һ顣
Ҳ
̫˰ƣͣϲˣ˶˲׺¥
Ȼһʰ
ƺȶԺʼȷ衣ֹɪࡢ߸衢裬ڵֱ
ǵһο裬uĸУһǽ͵ġ
ʼǵǷйˡ
ĸ趼ǼغȺȣ޲޻Ц
ҲܡҰ
ʼ£ȥסʢͭڿҫ
ȻҲ£ѹˣŽڵ߻衣
ǵлĹⲻ̫ʲôˡ
ʼٶ轣֮ĪԿʼ裬ͿʼޣҲ·ܵ⣬Ѿʼ˪ĵϴأͷײء
һ߿һһ˵˵ʲôѾȥļˡͯƤվ£޹˯ž͸ϡ
һ˿ܶѹ˺ܶණƽʱҲûйһֱѹţͶйˡ
ǽ˶ûк·ʱǾΧ߻ס
û۾˵ڡ
һУܸӡ
ĵҪܵͰ
ڶÿǼ¡Χ˶Եúûо˱ܣûдɺͳԵ÷ǳ𾴣һĿʼǷƷ衣
Ȼ󣬰ƺĶҲһЩŲ̊УҲкǻõܹ
Ů˰ſڵϵĪԷˡ
֪Īˣǡ
ȻʼߣҲУĸ
ҲΧŮˡ
ԭǾȻĹŮȾ
֪Ǹ÷Цתͷһѣн䣡ҲŮΧš
ĹŮʶǣӦǱŮˡ
˵ǲѺͽ䡭
ΪΪ˶ģŮ˲֪顱Ÿҵ湴ˡ
ڽЦ
Ϊ͵͵Цʱ֪ûڿϷ
һбúİΪָо
Խʹ˸ɫ
˼뿴ϷҪùøġ
˿ֺͽߵŮ˺ʾ⽪ȥ;ơ
ѶŮ˶а취ˮȴЩŮ˲Խ׳һ
ٿ䣬˵ʵߵŮġ
ףһ£а˸
˸˰ѽΧסеİֱϣеİţеķڴϣһô󵨣쵽ȥˣ
նЩ̡
ɽ仹ںȾƣѾȵľˣΧЩۼˣлˡ
ʱȥ;ơ
˾֮󣬼Ȼȥƣ˷Ӧеľơ
ȹľƣԥһ£֪òȥʱҡҡλεվ򽪼
ʱܱ߶ˡ
ôһĹǰ壡
һûһ뵽ҪһҲû뵽
û˻˺
ڼϣӭĳѩһ·ܵƲ֪ǿ˻ǿˣܹˡϣԼҲһ֣Ծ˳ȥ
ſϣŬúͿŽǰ
ţδ䣬һڿշߣ˨ˣһߣſˡ

Сˣ
һˣԶǵͰġƬķݣСԶ
ƵٶȺܿ죬ƺһգ۵ĹѾԶˡ·ԵķݺܵͣϣǱȷӻߡ
ѩεö÷ۣԲصѱȥǰңҺϴҲ·ˣõϴˮǻģЧɱֹϰµʿЧ
ţ
úܿ죬飬һԽĹĵ㣬ģڶţ˾ðġ
ġһ㶼¡
һ㶼ûẦ
ǺˣеԺܡ
ĺȥ롣
һ룬ͻԼԲ
ýþˮʼ˸ѣȥࡣ
²־ȥ֣Ǹȥùǡ
ȻǸջʼ˻Щ⣬ʱ˿Ҳݲ´Ӧַģ˴ңز¡
ʼǽ￪佪빫
óֻа˼ɵȥ룺ʼƺҲǹεˣΪʲôôнģ
һʲô޷ȫȫǡ
ֱֲӸǣֻʾ
°ｪָЩ˶ĸĸýʶ
ʼѾҡҡλεվվȣСͯˮͰһѶԼͷϣͷʱըѰʹ̹ǵıͷʹͬʱҲˡ
жҲܿˣ˶ˣˣѾϣڡߣֵһǽãȻˮǡ
ʼվ̹סִȥˣ˾Ѿȥˡ̫أ㻹𣿡
ʼӿ񣬿̫ˣʱֽŶʹϾ
˵ǣҲҪȥ
ù뿪ߣˣֻйֻʣˡ
ûм壬ûϣûֻй
ʼԼȵ̫࣬嵽ߣݺݵСͯеˮͰһͷϡ
ûָղŷʲôˮѣԲ֪ԣȴһǺˣٿʼվǰԺʣ̣ʲôһŷӦĿڣʼ̫أ˺£
˱ѺҲˣֵ˹һЩˣղԡ
ʱЦ뽫ȥճˣ˾ٸȥˣʱλŲֻ֪Ѿˣе»Ҫλٳ֣Ųð˸λĳڴλʩһȴŴš
ʼÿһŶ˰ء
뽪һֱòĲϡǿĳʵǵͬΪı
ģɡĵǣԡ
Բ
ΪԼûп
Ȱ빫ܹʲôܵеĵΪıߡ
¶ɱˣֶǶаں
ɹԶǶԵġ
ʱ򣬾ҪЩߵȰص;
û֪ʲô
ʼԸѧҲ͸
ռΪ̣Ϊ棬Ϊһչ
ûб߽硣
ƫһ취Ϊ̳վȽŸ
ֳǣȥֳ˭⣬˭ж⣬ֺˣԸжġ
պˣ뽫̳Ǳķأܴûиͻס̳ǣ̳ǳΪĺܡκһɵ̳˶Ϊܡ
ǡ
ֳǵȤֻ˶סֳǣʱѽ롢ҵϢ
֮ĲģѾͶᶦΪδ
ǣ̳뽻ãһ㹻ˣ׼ҡ
עκ˰κκܿϢڽȾ
ƻκ֮ˣ
˵֣£Ȼû˵̫²⣬һвһš
֣̳̫Զˣ̳ǵ˥ΣûаϵҪ֣Ҳز֣¡
ʼ֣̳̫Сˣװ¹ġ
̫ˣ֪װʲô
зǷ֮ʱ֮ʼȰҪȥĳЩʱ
ĵˡ
ǻ᲻ݡ
ֻһ¡
ǰĽҳڹһߵˣǶǡ
ֻйֹǡ
ʼͷסվҲֲˡ
ôҴȥǰ棬ȥҹҵ֮󣬱ù˵
վߵǰŽ˵á
ÿһн롣
뿪һʼŴ˳ȥһֱ棬ĿȻ෴ķ
ô£·ϣĪͻȻ˵ǸǳǶǹˣΪʲôͻȻҪˣ
˶оղŽ¶ľ֮⣬Ƿŭ֡Ϊ֣Ƕûڲ׺¥ѡ
ǹĵط
ĪԿʼʼʲôûǣ
ʼӣûʲôѣЩ˸ǹľˣһֺη
ĪԵֻڹߣǶʱ⣬һʲôһ
ҲûôױʼĻƭˡ
ûκβʼüжΣѵڻ
Ī˵Ǿǽ˾ٲǣ
ʼһ
˵Īʡ
ʼ˵ʼˣĪһţ죡죡˳ȥ
ĪԱҲĸɾҳ㲻ǡ
浽һ졣ʼ̾һǡ
ǶԹҳϵܵһ
컻գԲĳԣ
ճɱڡ
رһƬڰšߴӵƽߵһʱԵĹƺڰеһжռݡȻѪһĺɫĿĺɫ̵۾ʹᣬòܿɾŤͷůҲϣ䡢ͷƤǴƤõıܸо˿һȶȣ
ֱߣԶ룬߲ٴۣɫҲʧ
ù߲˲ŴӽĻͷ̧һ
Զ˺վһǡ
쵽ĻƤ⣬һƤݺݵšһѡ
һرֱ۶һһɳƵʣôˣ
ˣЦڣܳʮˣеˡָ˵̫ˡ
һϴƤãԼŵҲš
Ҳš˵Ⱦȣһ˾͸ˡ
һȡסëŵ˿ΧĶͷô棿
ɵϡ


244 ҵ
ѩԽԽˡ
ȥ;УСѩͱ˴ƬƬͣµѩȵϣѾϥĺѩ
̾˿Խ˵ûֺˡ
̳ǵūǽʿд
£Ϊȶģ̸ϻֺϡ
䲻ߣˡѾǵʲôСˣֺ֪ϵģάϵһϡ뿪ֺϵһҹ
ȥǸѾˡ
ȥһЩúʳҸһ롣ƺµɲ٣һֱһס
ҡܾ
ҡͷС˵ʱҪô̳ǵĿԶûнľӵƿǿ̳ǵľӵ
᲻ͣľעµˣ㹻
Ϊ˵Ļ˭ϣͻῳǵĵˡ
ȴǲôײݵġ
Ŀǰ̳ǵֻҪάһٵĿ㹻ˡ
ڶˣʳõʳΣһЩú
ʼǶûγû취
󽫾ѾͣĹˣĴڰȷ˵λҲ̳ȷ
Ժ󣬽ܿ췢ߵ֮ìѾ޷ȥˡ
̳һյĹµⲻΪĵλãΪƹ
Ϊԭ̳ǵĹְϵǳ򵥡
ǸŮˣԱ
ζŵһʱԼȥκ¡Ⱥ֮ʱȺļȶӡ󣬾һԲȦ硣
ȦڣʲôҲΪҲᱻֽ
ѡ䣬ɸйϵˣг衣
ͬģǶҲᳬȦķΧ֮⡣
̳ǣϤչ
ֻһʼͲͬͷβڲͬǲŻͬĳһڲͬˡ

֮еĹְϵʼĪԡҷ⣬ԭҲ
еĹְϵ½׼Ѿ̶ˣһȷǾͻԶĺۼ˭ϣ˭¡
˶㲻壺˸ұȣǱҴ󣿻ǱСҵ𣿻ҵģܹܵס
ٽ׵ĴСִ֮ƽ͵öˡ
ʼ̫أޱ
ϵı࣬ȴнĪֻгǧˣĹְȴ˾ġ
վһ˭˭ģ
ְֻʼĪԿֻۣܾͬס
ɴһ̬ʼƽĪԷѷһɡ
ͬģ˾»òƲܰգֻˡ
ľҪʼҲҪǮ˰ҲĻ
ֲ̳Ը㣬һжҪ򣬳ԵõġǹҪ벻̹ݡ
ߣʼ˵ٺ»ġ
ߵʱǴһ΢ƽ֮С
Ϊ֮¹ϵ֮⣬һֽ׼ֲ˵еġ
ʼǴӳ𣬾ͺǴȫͬĽ׼ȫûнġ
ԶûпܹʼǵĽ׼ӵиһĵλߵĳġ
Ȼʼڴںһū׼ڣϵһôֺ͵ġ
ʱʼԸһɵȥȴԸһūȥ
ʱշʼ˾ǵһʿ˵Ļᡣ
ߣֻ߲ᣬܶݵĻصǵȥ
ʹʼǲ׵ı
ǣʿǷǳġʼǻԶԷά׼ϣǾͬǡ
л䡣
ֻһʱǸܵвûô󡣿ǵǷ׷׻֮ʼߵ˿ʼòˡ
ǻҪ̬̽ȣһߡò𰸣ǻῪʼǡ
Ҫǵһʧİ취кܶࡣǿͽԶҲû취Ӵܳǰ
ʼʹҪҪýȥ峤ðѶ༸˻
ǺܺãʼΪǳõȥūһūγȨӡպҪŤתͲˡ
ūȻūһս̾Ҫȥ̳ǣ
һʱǵĴ峤ͻΪǵʲ
ҪҳϵȥҲһܺõ
ʼܺãܾˡʼǺͶ滻Ҫѧϰ̳ǵһУܵȥ
ֻѧһЩūıʲôã£Ǹ㻹Ǹ˵صĶū͵ߣڸҲûһ֧۱
ʼûм֣ӦʱʽҪҪߣ񡢽¸ʼˣ¡ȥ˽̹ݡ
֪ôģʼߵĽͽ¶ǱȽнģԼ⣬ױ˵ġʣǱȽϴľȥǱˡ
ҲŻһѣ֪˵ʲôá
ͷˣȺӡ
ʼıӰĸое㸴ӡ
ϲʼǣҲǶҳϣΪȥЩ˶˿ԥ
Ǿһڡֱ
³ԽԪȶĹ
Ҫߡ
ʼȻȫȫԼ׼ߣȴᱳԼĽ׼׼նǵɱǵȫҡǰѳ޼ڵϣ쵽Ԫϡ
һϣǺͽһ޴
άԼĽ׼ŬһжΪ»ص׼ȥ
άҲǲһЩ治¡һˣҪ׼ӭʼǵıѡ
ʼɵӡĿǰΪֹĺܶ¶¶ţһѾˣҲô;ҪҪĴ̼
ʱ̼
ԣ˸
ĵѩûͣһֱ¡
кܿ˶ˣܶһЩΪԽ̳ܵСˣеıڽֱߣе򱻶ùݻУ˱Լķ
ϵҽԺʬݷף˵˶ˡΪʸ֮أҲܷѲ
ڳڸӣ˶ӽȥˡ
ūҲдģΪɫ԰׵ƺ֮ǰһ˶Ҫ˵Ż
ʬ͵ÿ嶼һĹأȻˣ߻һЩʳú
뿪ʱôɾ͹ˣ
һߣܷҲͲסˡΪڹθڣҲȥˡ
ѾѩˣҪϻϽժǹ
ܷٴ׼ˡ
ܷǱźӣһһߵĽǲжġ
ҲܷǺʼԹҵҳϣҳһԸ׳һеĵ
۲ڡ


245 
վժǹǰܷǷûʲôĶĶȡӵƽϲ֡
ϣһ߰ȫĳ󣬶顢ѧϰһĸˣڳԺӭˡ
ܹЩ˺٣˼ȥֻժǹ
ڽķϡ֮ǰһҪĺĽ߳󡣡˵

ֻټ֡˸޹أûз˼ȥȥ
ܷ˵ֵŷǱѰĹϵ
Ц
ġ˶֪˶ꡣⱾǸ֮ڿڵġܡ
Ԫƭȫµˡ˻ɡ
иˣܳߴ࣬˵ŮǽԪŮһ֪ͨƽ
ʲôӦ
ůȻ˺ܶ࣬սʱֶˡܷǷŵ˵ϣܷһѣ򽪼
Ӧûһꡣ
ͷһḀ̇ëΪˣܷú˸СһͷϵСһһ
ƺϳǰĽġĿꡱ֪ǲǱܷǽֱ̹Ϊһ͸ˣ´ޡСһñĿ죡һ̾ǰأЦˡ
ҲЦˣ漴оܷһ˶ˡ
СһϧУŬ˰죬ڷһƨڽϣʱ̧ͷܷǣֿЦֺһ
ܷǵɫʱֱòˡ
е˵Ĺǡ
ӵļԱõöࡣ
ѰӱϣƤ̺Χס
бҪůö࣬ɶСӦûů
Ķܷڷˡ
ʯĳֻ֮Ҫ°ӡ
ô룬ͼ̾ϢҡͷҲӣֻ´ӡպκΪκ̫³ʱ𣿡
ܷɫ䣺
һ֣ȻûϣܹףȻģȴ˺³ȻѴǡ
ܷǳƬ̣һ֣ǣû˻֪Ӿڹߡ
С˸ˡ
סܹӴȥԾͬȥκһΪֻҪһ¾Ͳ֪ˣ
ܷվס󣬳ص˵Ѿգ˼޽⡣ӣӡȻֻȴıסԼĶӡ
κУ֮ʰӴⶼֻ̨ƽȴƮƼѱժǹ֮£ֻܺȣ⺢һֻҪƽ£һʲôϧģ
͸ˡŲΪūͣÿһգԼΪʲôҪȥȥʮÿһ춼ǳ裬Ըȥ䡣
ֱ죬˰ӣžԼмֵġ
̩ɽëժǹ˵
̧ܷͷ
ĸӵԴһĽ㡣
ܹӦˡ
ܷǵ񱻴һ£ȭͷУԾսˡ
ԺӵȻʹû˵κ̫ӡ
ܷס
͵ʱ̫Сˣճĺһ䣬Ժûϳκ̫ӣκµ̫ӺҲû˻ˡԲܷǿοһЦܹӷĵȥɣһðӺúó֪κһУ֪Լݡᡭһͨ³ˣ룬ҿһף¸һϣ֣ͽС԰Цһ£ҲЦĿصڵУжɡ̣
ܷǿһܽ͵СкּֿЩȻϴ裬Ÿɾ·һ۾ܿкֻһūĺӡ
ܵǰվסվûվ࣬ģһţֻƺҲûطţվﻹȥ
ʲô£̺ĿŽ
һ쵽Ժ󣬾ͱƯĽס˵㣿
ˣԺͲˡܸߣҲú
ûԹĺöûиǡ
ȫڻ͵ȥҸ磬˷ץ˻㡱ΪʲôҪߣ˵ȥҸ硣㡱ĸ磬˵Ҫ硣ܿ죬ͱˡ
˯һԹ㡱ĻȻִҴˡ
״˵㡱ƤЬΪ˲ӳȥ
˵ⲻܣ㡱һܺõġ
˵ǡ㡱˵ģһ·һ߸Ϊ˲ӣһˣͻᱻѩסᶳһЩʲôǶ
ÿ統ʱΪѵ桰㡱˵ûҲ벻ɣֻ˵㡱ǲẦģȷʵ䣬ȥΪá˵꣬ˡ
̾á㡱ǰھúóԵ˵ҪȻֲ
ôңԵĶԣ
ָϵİӣ㵱ܵܣж
̾ȥһ߻˵磬ԺҪҸ磬ҪҵĻкóԵҪȸҳԣѰҾʹ档
ԼҲǸСӣӱ˳ȶ찤ŵˡ
ܷǵˡ
ֱ̰ѡϣˡ
⣿
˵Ҫ⺢ʲô֪ūˣ㲻ūͯԺҲˣʲôκ̫ӡ
ԪôǶģҲû˭ūͣص̨uǱˡ
κ̫ӣպ㱻ӭκҲʲôɾˡ
ܷǳˡ
ʼйʱЩء֮⣬ĪԶڳ⣬Ҳܳƺֻͽ˾һ̸
ԣĿǰֻ˼
ǹΣͬʱҲƻһ档
֪Ǹ򵥵ˡǰ̾ĲмΪĲǲػ
ڣͬ̾ĲȴʼΪ˸еԼܣΪʹࡣ
ʹһΡļͻȻһ̡ǴΣܵԼѧ֪û˿ôԼؼһ鸯⣬ԴΪѿȽʵʲôҲ
ߺŬԼѧԼãʵҲһǴ
ˡҪһãŻãûˣûһǴ
ǰֳʱǴȻм˶Ц㡣ΪǸΪһȺ׸ƵСˡ
ˡҪĲ˭ǴһҪģʲôͱǸ˿ôлһչ
ȻĻһӵĽ壬Ҳǵݡ
ӢſͶЧӹɱ䡣γһֵܣ֪֮޾Ȼش׳־͸һǰӢӹ˳ƶΪӭ˲ųƵӢۣܡ
Ѿ⡣
һֱŹ
Ϊƣش֮Ϊص֮
ֻǡôģ
κ̫ӡָ̻к˵
ʼһۻ춼û˵һ仰
ԱŵĲܷҲǵһϻؾ˵£û뵽δҪκ̫и
κ̫ӵк˵һӣǹŮϳֳǾǾݳСӡ
ֵͯǡôһҵСͯǡãСͯе
̵ĵֻһ㻳ɣ֮󣬹ߣȷš
֮ǰԹ˵̵̣Ϊͽ
һֱ¶ȥ
ֶһκ̫ӡ
ԱߵĲܷǻ
ڽƴ£ʲôκ̫Ӱɣ
ɹôġ
òܷǸκ£ʼԺҲݡһʱͿĺ£ҲΪ˳ӣܷǴʱ˿̵顣Ҳ˾塣
Ȼ㵱ʱҶȥ׻Ļʹʼ̾һܼ֮ҲԭФˡ
ܷס۾
Ķ˵ʼεˣ˼ȥҲֻниʼʼԸص
ʼ
ʲô
ᱳ
ԲŰӶ̵
ǣΪӣҲ谭
ʼˡ
ȥزС
ЦȻһѮһΣСȽ̰ɣҲʡһ쵽
ֵ̾ĵɴ۾
΢Ц
ʼһ֮£ʣô£
̿㡱Ҳû취ֻùȥ
ʼû壬Զ̵ʻ̵ģʮ¡
Ứ
ʼ˵ȻҪ̵㣬Ժ㷸ͻᰤֻҪ֪ˣӲԺ󣬵ʱΰĴɡ
ʼߺ̲Ÿҷ߹ȥסԹԲޣˣǲ棡
ڽϷĴϲٷˡñȥͺãԶĿеĺý㡣
ܷǻصסùݣƹڰıȣһ˻æʣأͳȥˣ
ܷһȴһӵ򲼡ƹ˵ǰϴģŸɣҸմûȻûˣȥ˰ɡ
ܷס򲼣滹аӵζζһ㶼ᣬҲöģ෴Ȼͦŵġ
͸ժǹժǹи̫أһֱ֮ˣӦӡ
˵κ³ΪУκˣزԸݺκԣֻϣܰκߴ³Ĺȥ
˵ࣿ
˵֣
˵֣࣬
˵ȥ֣
Ϊ࣬м֣
˵֣ʮϰߴ֣֣ѵΪ
֣룬Ҫ֣ô롣
֣ഽ֣İնΪһ֣෢⣬ǶʳͻΪ֣ĸ
֣³κ˵
˵֣󣬿֣³ΪС
ΪԼˣ漴ˡ
Ȼ³ͻκΪˡ
ͶܵóԸˡ
ְܷˣڻǰҪһŶ
ԭժǹôһȦӣΪ³ȡøȨ
֣³ʱ³ض粨ϣժǹĻᡣ
ǽǰǽ˺ժǹռĵλȡ档


246 굽
ᶦŲĲܷǣ̾ԴͶҼԺ󣬾ľһζѣѵһ㣿
ܷԲᶦ̾˼òȥһŷֲܷᡣ
ģᶦ󾪣æʵ
ܷǷޣסᶦֿ޵ĹӣӴѣȴƺҲ˵ȥס
ᶦҲվˣڲܷߣƣһƸܷǣȡ
ܷʹһ֮󣬽žᶦ̹һ£Ϊκˡ
ᶦȻ󾪣֮󷴵ͬܵ˵ֲáκþò飬ǻؼ翴𣿡̾ˣþ
ƣᶦãһͷ£ҡҡλεվ˵ֵҼ꣬䡭Ϊͣȴǰֵ˿ġᶦƺЦҸϲңΪСҵֵ޲ɱңҲ޶գһ޳ɡԲܷ˵գһֳͶֳһʡôֳ꣬෬ңнգֳաֳҪߣҡǲᣬҲֳֻȥ
ֻܷǳĬͣƣ˺ȵڣ
̴ӲŸҽᶦᶦ죬ƿҪңȥȥȥ˯
̴ӷӲǰ˵Ҫ˯Ҳȥ˯ڵô£һҲԹܷǣڴôҲɵùԣ
ܷǱҲмŮ̡
ᶦϴ󣬾һЩȥ׼ǳ̡
̴ҪţתͷܷǣҪȥǲŻοʱˣ֣ûˣҪҲҪ˵ˡɻѩأ´ѩ˳ȥĵǲˣ
ᶦԼ̴ҲҪԶȥ׼౸ЩǮ
峿ⲻôǿҡĵϻ˺ѩūɨѩ
ᶦЯŲܷǵ߳ѾɨĻϻС
ˣᶦһ·ܷ͵˶⣬ǰǿͥԺǰͥǴˡ
ֳȥֻպڡᶦ̾ǧ㲻ķſܷǵ֣֣һҾֳ߰ɡ
ܷǴһֱܳĬʱŵѾûˡ
ᶦʱľˣû˵ֻתͷܷǡ
ҸҺûˣĸšҼұֻ常ٳ֡ȥ常˹٣ż˶ˡλȥܷǵ¶һ˿ʵãȻҵĸͷᶦһЦȴضѾǨˡ
ᶦЦЩıˡ顢ᣬڴʱԵˡ
ᶦֻޱĿŲܷǣڵȲܷĻ
ܳĿᶦ빫ʶʮ֪꣬и־ڲǵǱҫۣñڽУ֬ȥ
տĶͥԺлصϣ֪Ϊ˵ĻΪˡ
ᶦζЦˣֳԣ޵ˡ
ܷЦһЦͻȻᶦΰݣһһ޳ɡҲ뵽ʱŷԼһأ̧ͷһ˫۾ƻǴղǰҲҪһҵ
ᶦĬһϢһܷǵľ롣
ֳƽ˵
ܷ˳ӵվұܷǣַˡ
ᶦ૵ˡǷҲܼһں
ܷǵ֣
ᶦֲκ𣿡
ܷҡͷκѾûҵ֮ˡ
ʶܼҵ̫࣬Ϊۼˣ
ᶦʣ֣Ϊ
ܷǿᶦ˵֣ࡣ
ᶦһͷЦֵҵ˵ֻΪҲɱ𣿡
ܷȻһЦӵȻҪɱҵġΪУȻҲҪΪС
ᶦ˼ǡΪҪ˵ҪΪУ
ܷȻ˵Ϊڵ࣬ǹӵࡣ
˵գһ֣ת󲽶ȥ
ᶦҵ࡭ԣҪ֣
ᶦȥ̴ӣȥа
գΪǶΪһū˱ɱ⡣ᶦõ֮ǰѾշתʮˡ
ᶦְһ˶ûеı£ֱܷ˵ܣӪ̽ϣ·ͨ˰ᶦ֪˺ܶܡ
ûиϣ˿һūᶦȴʮֿ
ڲܷǵһȡ֣ʱᶦѾðȥϢˡܷ֮ǻᵽᶦҲᶦƵġ
ܷȥκ£ȥᶦ
ۣܲһڿţӲһüëһ˫˯۾һŴ졣˭ӡܻࡢɵΨûо
ܷˣƺһҹ֮䣬ʧˡֻһӣƹĳû
ܼҵ˺٣ūҲࡣܷǲϲūֻñҪˣ˲࣬ˣҲῪʼūģū̫ˣ˵û˻òūôõĵе˼᲻ţū
Ϊõ٣ֲܷϲʣû̫Ϣ
ҺãܷƽʱӴжˣ굽˼ȥ
һǰܷǻûлʱ̵Ѿʳͻˡ
ÿ궼ҪϰߣһʱԶľͻŴʳ
ε࣬۾ȻЩ
˵Ϊ³̳ǹǼ˰Եʡ
겻Ѵ֮ʳҲø˵֪̳ǡ
֪̳Ǿǰɳǡ
ЩǴκģЩеûذңҲܶūҪ˻ĻǾ͵ūҲ˼Ǯߵʱһߣ׬һʡ
ðر׾ͻ˽ȥһҴ֮ӳٻ쵽ȥūȴͨעÿһūĳ࣬ǵĹܼҲȥЩūʲô
ڶ̶̼˺üҴκˣȴ֪ܷǸûиһȥκ
ȥᶦᶦȻ򣺡ܷԼһ˻κģԤı
ԤıؼҿϣͲˣʹͻȻı
˵˵ᶦϰ߻һС
ֻǲŻͻȻи˲ƺİ
ҪΪƽ·
ȥκ̽һܼ̽ǲܷ˵ɡᶦ
ܷ˾㵽֣˵ЩҲһ֮֮ǰкܶʱ俴ǺĿġ
굽ա
ժǹ̳ǵļ˵Ļ
仰˵ʱ̳ǵ˻֪ʲô˼Ȼͼгǰ޴Ķ¶Ѳ񣬶ʳ
ֻҪ̳ˣԿڴӴ˶ȡʳϨʳ
Ҳ˵ҿԾԡȡ
̳еǲŻֺ£ǶһգֻѲߵĳȥȡʳ˸ҿ
ҹ͵ԣϣժǹ̴ӷֶʳѾˣעˮףٽϡڶҹȥ͵Ե˸ˣǻ֣ˣȴҲϡ
ĿԳ
˵죬Ҳǿȡʳһ죬̴ٴѹ׺ˮ붦ʱСĿڶԡ
̴ûиߡ
Ǿ͵Ȱȣȵеʳ￪ʼƮ߹ִӶڳʳ̴סˡ
̾ܣ̴Ӻס˵ҹʳﶼˣųû£ʳãǵȥˡ˵óֻͲӶʢһЩʳݸһ
Ͳһ룬ÿʢʳĳ˴ģͻ룬Դ룬õ͵˺ܶū롣
Ͳһ߿̴ӣһߴڴڵʳ̶˲ˣˣ̴ȥץ
Զ֮󣬷ȥԶʳԽԽˣܻˣһʼȺУͷЩ˸ǣҲ˭Թˣ˭ûԣֻҪȥҪǾ͸ΨһҪǲ쵽ȥԡ
ͰĵĶڶΧ԰ԣһķǵԼ˶ٶһ˰ɣûԵô
еʳһδμһЩСҲȡʳ֮Ҳʼмӹףʼ˭ӵöࡣ
һֱҹгǰĶΧˡ
һԼҵʢ˶еվҹкţůģԱһ˵˵ժǹĶʳգҲԵˡ
˵ĶʳǸȱǹ԰յףףԸףԸƽҸ̫̫ܶƽƽ
һ궼ᱻӣһԴ¡
껹ֻһʼԶʳ˻࣬Ҫ׼ʳ˵
Ѿܹ򵣹ס
̳ڻĲ࣬ǰ춼û˸ԣſʼԶʳһ˰żӹס
ǳĶʮׯ˲٣ѾϰĻˣ˵ԣǾһֱڶԲͣĳԣԵ¶Ҫԡ
ôҲԶ׼ġչ󣬳е뵱ūڹץס˵뵱ūģʹ󣬰Щ͵˴ׯ
ǵūȻҲܵġ뵱ū
¶ЦɡˣЩͶū£ʡ˵ŴץһЩūҡͷ˵
һЩСѾڴ˵ذ仧ǲⷿʼ̹ݴܲķӲܲڳԼǷӣ
ɳǵķӾͲࡣ˵ظǷӣͰЩƫԶĵطǡ
Ƕپ͸Ƕ٣ǡǷҪ̳ǵĹ滮һЩ׼ҪأֵĿȵȵȡ
̹һЩǮ֮ʼͷ˸ǷҲ׷׶Ǯء
Ҳ߽ľʯȣ˴ůʱ򣬴ľϡשʯ˵̳ǡ
̳ǵˣԽԽˡ


247 
쵽ˣ̳⴦һɷæ
ūǶڸɻΪû㹻ţ磬ԱĶūûʲôΪ˱ԹȱصĻҲûɹ
Ǹ˵λڴׯͭ죬ʱζϢʱ䵽ˣǿԳԷˡ
û㹻ӡ˵
Ӧ˵û㹻ġȷ̳ջӣΪȻк֣ܶǲ֪һֿӦصһӲѿһһ깦
Ϊ˱֤ĳɹʣ̳ǸֵĶǾȷʵǱصľ
һºٿǻ᲻ᷢѿɡԽ30%ʧʣٶͲˡ
ȥֻǽ̳ǵĹǼܣҪǼܵ׽᲻ʵܾܲסϮ
ȶԣ̳ǵǶչĲҲܿ˻ر
ʱˣʼ⶯ģֵûǮ졣ֵһֳʳҲδñӣֱǮȥء
ɹ˵ǿ죬̳Զˡ
̳һֱ˻ȥǹ˶ãͱһɳˡֵزֺҲҪ֡
ĿǰΪֹ궬칲һһǧŰپʮˡ˵
ȽԤϵҪٵöࡣ
˵̳ö࣬ūȴ붼ˣʱûúյĵطҲûˡ
һЦǣʱūͣĴ̳ܡȥ굽̳꣬ūһˣôƽˡ
Ǳ߿ʼץūˣΪʼˡ
ϰסʱ򣬸иףĽգǶ˼Ǳԡ䡣
һֱ²ŽǶ졣ʱ˾ͿʼץūˣͲٰԼҵūϳȥˡ
˵ůԺûūɼˣͦʧ
һϢ˵Ҫ͹ú͵ˡ
ǹģڶȥ֮Űú
ûмģʱ̫Ϣ֮һѾʶĸо
µȥҰ׳ǵĳˣûзӦ
õİ취ܼ򵥣һȥ߳ǰ׳ǳţĳ檡һˣ˵׳ǳĺúõİЩú͵̳׬족
ֻҪͨ·Ժصú˵̳Ǿ׶ˡΨһǱ߿ܻᴩ
׳ǳֱܲȥ˵£Ҳܻ̽ġ˵һҪõúãҪһߵ
е̡
ȥ̴꣬κػû̳ǣֱӻࡣ
Ҳ̳Ǳĵطǲˣ˲Ǿ޲ߡ
ָֻһˡ˵׼ҵأܴܲӱĵط취
Ӧȥ
̳ǵԽԽˣǰ²׺¥ڲò涨ÿһ¡
һ죬ʼҪĹһ»㱨ʲôѣʲô⣬һ۳һƶƻ
ԽϸģһͨһƶƻҪ۵ľ͸ˡ
һɫԽ˵Ҫͳһ̳ǵĳפ˿ڣ
´Ӧ
Խ˵еĿⷿмˣ
˵ʮĸ
𣿡
ҡͷǿǿ϶ġ
ѻȱʲôⷿý󣬽ʲôطǺ֮´α˵
ͷðӦˡ
ٿ󣺡е˰Ŀڹж֣
˵¡¸˰Ŀǰ˰ĿǶʮ֡
дҷر𣿡ʡ
˵Ƕ˰ţشСǹܲ˵ģȻ˰˾˰ûġ
Ǿ͸ĸ֡룬˵е·˰ɡ

˵˰ĿúÿһʮûظԸߵģиߵľͺϲһ£´αҡ
ٿʼڳĿǷ٣
ʼæʮˣ
ʮ
̾˿˵ʮٻд֣򵥵ı١̳ǲҵõˣھҲ̫ܡ
Լ̡
ʼ˵ǡҪȥ졣ҪԼָ̣ôҡ
ʼһԥһ£ҵмѡ
˵ɳǰˡ
ƺҲΪһΪǿȰɳǵԼ˸˸顣
˶ˣزסҵǾֻŲƲߣӱȥ
ƺҪģϴһƤֱ׳ĺܡǻġֵܡǵĺһ㶫ģ緿ӣ
һȺôصסûоӵıһֻסһȺŮˡӺˣļһȫ
ҪôˣҪôˡ
˳񡢾ū쵽ҵľУЩֶ̳ˡ
ɳǱ̳ǣƺ֪ȥ򣬹ճЩ˾͸ûıҪˡ

ƺʧˡ
ҼҵˡҲΪǽġ
ô˵ǼҵͲˡ
ƺҲûǵͷ
ʼҲҵǡ
ֻ˿ţʲôʼ˵
Щ˶Թûг޵ģԽ󽫾ҲûкޡǵǺƺƺûҲɥ֮ȮҲȥˡ
ЩһЩˣһЩڳ
ʲôʡ
Լҵأذɡʼ̾
Ҫǿźãͽйðɡͷˡ
ʼ۹⻹ǿŵġ
ȥһԡƴӾ޴ͭ¯ʢһƽĸ״
º֮˸վߵȥ
Զժ¥ףҲûסȥ
Щ̾³ӵǱ֣ǿˡ
֣ǺĻʵյ֣ʱ֣¶ܷԣŻסСɽϡ
³³һ仰ڹһɹݡ

һͻȻӱߴһתͷͿһܹ·߰ģͷҲûᡣһ߱ܣһߴЦź˿ϡ
ǴĴӣҲΨһĹӡ
ӣǻƼˡ
վԶ΢ЦԶԶǸӿһۣȻԶˡ
˵Ҳͺˡ
ϧӿƻƣȴβϻؼ棬Ǹ˶˵˾ʲôӱЦţɫͻȻˣߺߵĶ˵סժǹ
Ȼﳤȥ
ΣֻҲ֣˵˶ϲժǹ˺ܶˣ˵ֺ˶
û¡


248 
Ǹϼһˣƣߺ޵˵
뽪Ǹոոô˵˿һۣǰס˵ӣҪ߰ɡ
괩ԲˣһһȺĹŮܹΪ׵һߺߵ˵ֽˣ
ץסû취һŮĨ˰Ѻû˵
ӺûʲôҲ̨Ĺӣ˵ֻڳлΧ׽ŪǣôˣҲǷ¶ѡ
׷ĹŮвٶǴĵ׷ģȤץסģ
ʱмŮЦһһĹŮףΪʲô͵㰡ǸŮݣһûղϴʱִˣһг˺ܶˣ׷֪ǽΪ͵ҲС¹ײҶ׷ˣæ׷ҲǺ´˺ʱ˴ȤͷߵһתҲˣ˦ˡ
ץˣŮҲֻûȥˡ˵ʵ̨ҲˣһǴһǽڽºѾչˣ˵ҪС˵ǣ绪󣬴
ҺýഺĽɫʱڰŹŮƷеĶǵȹӡΪֻ̨кܶṬŮԽͳڳлΪϷŪŮ£û˾Ĳ
οȻսɴҲˣһҲûʲôýͼıġ
ŽǺͽʻصݾӵժ¥
̨õĹҺܶ࣬ǽ齪Ҫ̶סһطһʱ任طססû˹ס
̨ǳסĵطժ¥Сϵʹɱ͵ڹǾûȥġ
ժ¥̫עˣǲס
Ȼסϲժ¥Ͳ˺ˡ
ڽʹ뿪֮ͳһڵˡ
ûסĵطû˹ûзԡ
ȴǹӣܻš
֮ǰͽǿ͵ʳġ͵ˣ±˷֣˴
Ƚ֮Ȼں˶ûˣҲû˸Ҷʲô
źˣСӣ̨û˸ʲôû˸Ҷһָͷǵʱ̣Ųܻܶʱ˷ˣԼҪصߡ
̽ͽȥԵģû˸
Щ£ʾˣǵĵһٱ
һǾҲûжӡ
û·
סһ·ˡ
֪ǽ·ȻЦѿӺЬѸ
´͵Ϯ·ʱȻ˵ȵȣԼѣ
˼·󣬾ͱ֪ˣǸץסǴܶĽλʻ˵ˡΪҪ̺˸׼ʳ빬ҡ
סĵطҲ̺ˡɽסǵģ˵ǲסҪǲȥסԺǸҲˣҲûͳԵĹȥˡ
˵Ǹ뺦ֲɱַԾܽܽκһ
ǵģһ󽫾˵磬ҪȥĻµϣִŽǺͽʰһ٣Ȼ˾ˡ
Ųء֪磬֪㣬ǵãĶ磬ôôͽأһǸƭӡ
˵ȷʵ磬Ǹˡ
ͷǻˣϣֻдͽá
ǣڶŻû˹ܣŲòء
⼸꣬ú˵Ķԣ˶Ķ
Щġѵ֪ڹйʲô𣿿ǳТ˳Ӵ⣬ʲôҲ
ȻͲǵˣҲϡ
˵ϿҲԡ
飬ҪһˣҪǵĻȻǲԹӷĵġ˵ʱӷˡһЩˣҲԹӸġӻѹ㡣
ʵȥӻᱻЩ˷ΪǹӣͱҪӲã̫ӣ᲻ᡭ
ǺĵҡͷġͶźˣܹʲôǶֻŹӣ
û취ǣֻԼԼ
˽뽪ʣҲûĹŮˣҲҪ˭޻󣬻ȺöҪҲš
ֻŽǺͽʣǽġ
˳ԵĶĹ˵ģҲ̶ģǸġ˵ĸĲһǽºһǳл
Ϊ˻ɱȴɱ㡣˵ǵģһԵжô죿
ŽǣΪǽͻعչˣΪڽǵİ£ǲ̨ôɡ
ڽ֮󣬽Ǿͽȥ׽ŪŮ
뷴ԣǷгһգǿӳˣĹŮô죿󡭡
ÿ춼˼˻ô㲻ɱأܻɨأĹӾպλҲֻܵ衣
ڽ֮󣬽Ǿ뵽˽ĹŮ
жһҹº˶ˣǲֹ˴
ڴչڽķڹкü׮ֳǵ˽ֵį󳼣빬еĴ͵Ĺ¡
ͽû⣬ԶҲ̧ͷˡ
˵ǲǲݺӣǾֻ취µӰ졣һʼͰһС¡
ǴһǰͿʼʱʱϮŮȻ˵ģ±һȤ£ŮûеҲΧۣʱΧ¹Ů˹һ
ժ¥ǺܸɾģΪйŮɨ
ýţ֮⣬ﻹŽǶ㡣
̨ϣͷգ룬ʹĶأ
ʲôʱ򡭡ء
ϴŰ֣Ҫôһ߻ͷô࣬Ҳס˵ȱٶͰܲܵ١
뵱ʲô٣
ϲ˵빫Զһ㣬Ȼͬ鹫ǲסһ飡
˵Ǹ峤ܵ𣿡
ܰʲôܵģ
ȥʽ̾ʹӦˣѵ֪ȱ𣿻ϺͰȥˣܴӴ峤ٳ˻ˣ
ҴʲôѵģǵҪǹסūңÿ춼ҪһɣɻзԾͲҲ䡣
ѹⲻǲġ
ϺͰΣͻ˻ʼٹ˽Ȼˣֵܻڴ
λǡ˼ָ֣һЩ˴ׯľӣרū֮ĶŹץס˲һȥ࣬ȥĺ˺öأĺҲҪ׼ã¶ͷϻϷͣҪʩʱͿˡ
°Уֻһ£һ˹壬ְֽ̰ƫƫͷӻǸвģūֵأľԼҲȥ֣Űѧ
˴ūѾ˺üˡ
˵Ҳ죬˵Ļͦһһ۵ģٿڵÿµӣӾ඼һǳҲࡪϻֵأҲһĻᣬǺó
ϲ֮¸Ż˰أĿȣƵƵͷʵ̲סȹӶˣ
ϲˣ˵ˣˣˡ
ϲİеһӣҷ㣡
ϵȥӼúȥ
ֻתͷȥˡ
ϳˣҲˡʹõ£ˮùͻϴࡣ
ϱʵ˹ʱǸúӣʱȴ˵
ϡĽ
ϵĶҪˣ򶨻ͷ£
Цòã
ϣʲô٣
˾ũͷɰò˾ũ
ϣ
ǹٹ֪ɷ
ˣ϶ߡ
ϵͷʲôģ
ֵصġ˵
ŶǾͻС
»ѹ̫˵ֻ֣ҪֻջУҪһҪնʳ
ϡ
ǿҰǲҰ


249 ִ
ϱǸرε,ȻԿɹƭΪҪˡΪʵģƭΪ,ǻ᲻Ҳȥƭġ
ģ϶ܲ,彫İٶū͸ܺŪˡ
ԽǰкûӲָ,ֳʲôֳʲô
ɻ˸û档鼸֮,˲˳ԵʳԵģҲǶϺݡ
һϻȽ֡
ǽû뵽ġ
ȴȥĽҰݵĸڳڴյ,ݸոðͷ,ȱĲݶÿ쳤ø,һ۾ͿˡūܿĲݶ,ȫԵ,Ȼڿݸʱ,˳˶ȥ
ǻϵģƶڶֶУץһСѷſһӣݸһˡ
ʮԺݶˣŤ١
ҰȻǿԳɻҲߵò񻰡Թ죬ūֲݵƲһ㣬кɵģһץһѲݣСһһ
пҰɵģץһѲʹ壬ʹݶֻ¶һͷ
ԼɵģץһѲݣһţһˣĲݸ¶š
ϵͳֲҪũ񣬿ϧԼֵ޷ṩִָʱûרҵũҵ˲Ż̫˵̳ûС
ҽˣҪ˵ӲӲũֲˣҪֵӲӲˡ
ݵӲӲͻ룬֪ܲܶҼݣֱĲݣͻľҲδطҪ˳ԵģﳤĶˣֻҪҪֳܻǮ
Ҳ۷ҪūʳЧʱǵһλġ
̳ǽҵƷֶ˲٣ȾשҤľĵҾߵ꣬Ȼܿ죬ϸ˳ˡ
ūˣ׳ūūۡūŮūʹŮ輿ֹŮ
ˣ˳ɽκ֣˿ɵ֯
ˣԻ̣ΡҲְУͨͨҡΪȼͨá
ǴҵչһҪء̳ǴũҵỺչũҵҵҪѺܳʱ䣬Ϊһʱ۵Ḷ́㹻ʣƷˣŻг
̳ǵ֮ҵչģľȱٵĲǮƷǮȴ򲻵ҪĶʱ̻Ӧ˶
Ƿǳæµһꡣ˵
ҵǣ˵ˡ
ӿ̳ǵ˳ɱšȥЩġ֪̳ǵǣ궼ˣǶȱ˿һΪȱ˿죬ζ׬Ǯ
Ī˵ÿųӵͨ
Ƿܶ࿪ţʡ
̳ǵһֱǹŵģȥʹõš
Ϊ˷ֹ̳Ϯ
Żǲܿˣǵʿȴ̶ӱڳô죿ҡͷܾ
̶߲ǳڰȫǡ
Ī˵ڳſѾµļˡ
ӿ̳ǵڳһѾˣǾԶԷڳ˸ҰҲǵȣβнأ̶ٽǲˣ
Ҳ̳ǣ˵ɳǵľԡǸӪҲ˵̱ͲӵʱǶʮˣҲһһԺӣǼǧһӪȦȦһȦյؾС
ڴ˵ˣǴ󷿸ǴԺֻţ㼸ٸˣһ˸һӣʮ˿һ֣ٸռط
ԭɳǣռǶӪԼ⡢ȿⷿЩطڻʹš
ԭļٸӣȫֺҲȫĳˡ

Ȼǲİ
ԼٸǼο⣬רֺⷿǲӶġԼò˻⡣
úܺãΨһûϵ̫࣬Ҳ̫ˡ
ԤƵڣ̳ǻᷢչزŸհꡣ
ֻ˵С֮ϢٶȣԼǵĵо̳Ƕ˵
˵ݣĻƫĳɣ̳ǳʵġ̳ǡ
ڵ̳ǣ̫Сˡ
˵Ǿٽһǰɡ
俪Ƕ̳ٽһǣǼ
Īһ£ͨеĹؽڣȻʡ
ʼмºʹҪҪóڵǨȥ
ҡͷǨڳǵķӲǾǿԻԽ
ӿ㽨ֻҪȵǼС
ʼЦȽģ϶ǿⷿ
ͷǾȸǻɣڳһ
һⶥԲʵĿⷿܿεضȫκƣҪڹ涨ڣҪǰͨмĵ·ҪеĿȵȵҪ֮⣬ҪԱлߣҲҪ̳ǸһǮ򵥵Ŀⷿ˲ڻҰĴ
ȵ˽ⷿãǳ⣬߾ռأռţ̳̫Զֻǵġ
ǽ̫ˣû뵽ʼ˵ֿⷿľϴϼӣٴ᲼ˮԲһҹ֮͵ǡ
и̨ӣֹڵϱˮʪʼ˵Ŀռء
¢׬Ǯ⡣
Щ˰ѳ̳ͨǵĵ·̳ǵķչͻˡ
Ϊʱعʡ
ԼӮɡֻ̳Ҫں˾ˣӮĸǼĸ̳Ǿ͸ɵĸ
ͬѮ̳ǵѾ߹ģˡ
βǰ̣Ҳ乫
Ǹ̻ǵ󡣡ĪžƱ˵Ҷû뵽Ȼ̳ǳ⣬ٳǹˣͲֻ֪һǽѵ᲻֪
һʼԳǹ̴ʱǲû𣿡ʼ˵Լ˵£ֻԼˡݸģ
ֻǹûмȴ
ΪһźţǾ͸š
˵Ѿӵķ֮гʱ˵ˡ
ʱ䣬ǵΪô
һΪûԸʵģ³ɽȦ
ڶ˺ܶˣֻ֮ʣһȺСˣûңʺǽӹܡ
ĪԴЦǲѴ֮
ǰʼ̾վߵǰѩ׷ɡ
Ѵ֮
˭뵽˵Ҫǣ˸ºǾ͵أ
ǲֹһ򵥵ĳУʵһ˵̵̳ǡ
Ѿ˵ˣҪٽһµĳǽѾγͳĳΪ̳Ǻĵһϡ
ȥ˵̳Ϊǳ˵Ρ
ᵣǹҰ͡
ᡭϰ
ɵʱƺĪԵһ仰ֻ˳ƶΪ
ĪԲǱ򣬾ζŹ뵽£̾˰취
˾ˮǲ᳤õ̳ͣǣΪ̳ǵĹǸɡ
Ϊ̳ǻںܳʱ䶼档
ˣ˲Ϊ̳ǵĹǸɣΪ̳ǵѪ⡣
ǰ̳꣬ǵֻˣȥ̳꣬ȥȥ˴ﵽ
ꡭ̳ǻʲôأ
һ̴ӹš
ƺȵ˹
Ϊ̴ӻûֻСͯ
ǲ׺¥̴ӡ
ʼʣǹҵȣ
̴ӵͷ̫عȥ
ϾȥʼȡľˮϴҲˡ
·ѹסƳƤãҴҸϵ׺¥
ʱҹ
׺¥ֻˣͽ˾١
˾ڽǰӭʼûаԾ
Ѿ֣ȻֻǸ˾»ͬʱҲǹľʦ
ԽԽףЩˣֻ̳ǵĸӹֻҪ̳ת
£ҽ˾顣
ǲѹ
ԼȻ˿ĸо
ȥģȥ˼⣬־Ŀ꣬Ұġ
ԹҲһʼͷ
ʱʼҲԼЦ
ΪôᶨˡԴȥԴǴΪвѴ˼ɴ棬ҲںǷǺ
ȴ롭
߽ȥҡУƾϣаһ춹
ʾ£۽˾١
˾ٶ˵κްˡ

ʼ漴׹
κڳˣС
κѾһˣκһֱûɥѶԵһֱУǵĸκĵطκѶѶ಻ʤ
ʼһ
̳ǵ˱ˣκǱߵԡӦø˰ɣ
ʼĻͷ֪š
ֲá
ǶҲзӦˣʡ
װ˺ܳʱ䡣ڰӱ͵ǰ֮󣬹ɢκϢˡǰƴĵط߳Ϣһ£϶װû˵
˲иŬκһ֮ãڰǵĿУ仯ˣò˥
Ц˵ȥκˣκ󡣡
Ȼκ䲻һκ
ֵڣκڳϣš
ӦǶκ̸ˡ˵
ʼ̾һͷˡ
ûŶκĸ񵽻ΪκֻȻڸտʼϢ͸ȥκˡ
һ֮á
ܳˡ˵ʼ
ⲻǵһιʡȻޡ
ǹ̽
Ĭǿ
Ҳһֱûпڡ
̬ȡֹ֧ȥĳЩ¡
أǳĬ
תͷ
˵Ӧû£ôκ̸κˣʱԽãԶԽһʮǲͬġ
ƴµʱҪĿĲҪʣҪȥ̽һ𣿡
áҡͷôżǺܿͻ֪Ϊʲôˡ
ȷʵܿ졣
³ʮľ֮Զ˴һϢ
š
ʮ߹Ӽλ
κǡڽͣʮ߹ӳΪµĽ
ˣֵ磬λһ㶼ǳӣпǰĹӣʮߡǶʮ߸ӣǰʮ˻ˡ
ǲܵģûӭ֮ǰֻһ֮ҲֻһǰһҲûʮ߸
ʼĬãҡͷ衣Ӧûţʮꡣ
ԣŵĳӲҪ˸СӼλ
ʼЦ
ȥһ£ܲܽʵһ衹ӡ˵
ʼԼȻϵضô
ҪҲ
ǣԸ˵Ϊ̳ǡȻҲЩǣǿ
κ֣ڻнĹ¡
ⲻΪ̳ǡ
ǹȤ
ٵֲңֲӣֲ;
Ϊ̣Ϊӡ
ʼΰݣ˼


250 볼
⡣
Ϊʼһҳϡֱˡ
ҡ
ÿһӽ׼еõô˶άĽ׼,ر磬˵һдӳһ˶ۣūԶū,Զǹ壬Զ
Ƚ,ϴԹ԰֧ϴТ
ʼÿܿܣڸĸ˵Ĳ,ӹ㡢uһ,ȴ޽Ԫ³
ūײ㣬ԶԾϡ
ūûܹרΪʼ׼ϴԣ̫߼,ûҪܡ
ֻܵҳϽҳϡ
ֵͼ԰Ѿųɾŵūϴɵ,ڽʣİٷ֮һ,ˡǻᷴ˼,֮,ªϴ֮Աǡ
֧,ֻкһˡ
ȷڽУԪ˴֮Ͳˣһһ˼ķɶЧŲȥɱϡ
УˡģҪһ£Ա
Ϊ˸ʲôŮ˸ʲô˸öأŮ˸ӡ
ȻĸӱߣԶƽֻĺ档
ʼ֪ͬȻͣһֱĽǿԽ̵ģҪһְθʲôǶԵģʲôǴģʲô¸ʲô²ΪԼǶԵģμֵף¸ͿأҲϧ
ʼӴʱͲ̫ͬƺǱǲܳ룬ԵʱȻͬҲû̫ԡ
κԥǷ£ΪʳҲûзȥκ
κ֮ȥɢԣʼͱԽԽĬ
ȵܷǴκ̫֮Ȼܷǲ֪ȥ򣬵׻òܷȥ֣ˡ
ܷҲһȥ
ֹҲֹ˲ܷǡڲܷǰһ¶ΪòܷǷϣ֮з磬Ǿ̳Ǻֻ
ȫĶʾԽˡ
ݵ¡
ȥֻȡ³
Ϊ³ΪҪʲô
ԣ̸ֶһκ̫ӡ
һ棬ΪסʼѸྫӡϡ
ֻͯѱ棬ǹӣͱڴļֵ
һ棬ҲǸȥ˲ġݱ
Ϊһʱ䣬֮᧿Σƽټּ֡
ɽ졭ʼŲȥˡ
ʵ֪
ӺСʱͱһĺӸرһ㡣
ǵøռʱڼĲһ鵰⣬򶯻ƬߣǸĸݣԼھ֮ĸӹϵ
ںСʱ֪岮ܸ״ӰְҪǮ
۸ܵҪų棬ҪԡȥдҵˡȥˡҸдΪɣ顣
·ʦͨһ֪ҪôԼôôҪȥչֻΪȤƻһοõĹϵҲܰһҪ̤ˡ
ֻ֪ôͻһˡ
ʱֻͬѧ֮Цѿѵֳò֮·֣ȻֲϺõĻᣬΪ֪һͷȥ˵ģȻͻᱻ۸һӡʱν氮ֻ֮ģרĶ鿼Уƺʣľҵϡ
һԵĺõʦֱҴĳϮִϵζǣ˽ȥ˵ĳš
ǵĶõ˽ϸҲȫָõһõĳɼõƼһõĹ˾
ֻǡߡĽʦֵͬѿʦֵuݣǰһϣĵĸСժĽѡԭӡ
˹˾ܿˮҲҵԼ֮أƺԵõõķӣԭһܡ
ʮȥһαһվøߡĴõⱲӴûĵλǮԼ¶
ĸѡͬ£ô׽˶뿪Զ־
±ã±ҴһЩԸⱻҴ¡
ԼûôѡȥˣͺѣĶǻˡ
ȴ֣ں˵ҲǸˡ
ѡһһĻ˵£˳ζͶȴֻ˹ȻǻˡıɫݺͶ·Ҳˡ
ˣڱһģ޹ȻΪʲôҪŹһ֡أ
磬һˡǵˣ̫ˡ
һֱһˣԸȥûһ㾢ǻʲô
ֵԼ
Ȼͷ֣ӹĸ࣡
ǡΪʲôȥ
ܵʲôĸ߶ȣ
̳ǲյ㣬Ҳ㣬һ֧㡣
е̳ǲǲֻչҪģ¡ʱҲ¡
ԣŸ̳»֡
¡ֻ¡ʱĽһС׺
Ϊʹࡢ³֣κ˭̳֣̳Ǳ
ܣ̳ܲ
̳мֵ̫ˡ̳ǿܻ
ǳ֮⣬̳ǻкܶ˿š
Щˣūʼʼǰ嶼̳ϡ
ðɡʼͷǾͲȥˡֻǽκ£ҪҪ鱨㲻ʲôҲҪԱ
̫롣
áЩˣͣľһ㣬پһ㣬һ뿪
Ȼǻǻߡ
ĬŹ죬һ㲻Ըȴûô֣ûбŭ²ֵһᣬܺ׵ķһСˣʼ
ʼܾȣȵ뿪׺¥һӡ
ʼڻϣϣһ⡣
֪ж𣿡˵
ʼصĵͷ֪
ûı⣬ֻǡֻΪԸ⣬ͬġ
˶Ժӣ˲ͬӣȴݺӡ
øӿֻš
޷ı乫޷ڸġ
ӿŲ˦һ䣺ͼס
ǵһΡ
еڶΡ
Խ˵ֻǷŲѡ
Ǻܿͷ֣ʼµӦˡ
˻ΡŮɹҪЩʴԻһЩ˲׺¥ң˵ø¥
ĳӾô軵ǵĴġ
ô죿һȥô죿Źô죿
ǾôϲĶУֲ˼
ǰĶʮӣ꣬ȻʧЦ
û뵽ʼҲи˵һ졣
ûʼǰ
ʼ˵ֻרעе
ϲʳȡ
ϲΡ
ϲ
ϲ澵ǰӵ
ЩҲȥһۡ˵
˵ˣʼϵ⽥ƫƣֱʧڵĽС
⣬⡭Ԫǿϣ֧š۾ǿһеһҩ
ǡɵ𣿡еʡ
һŸ뵰Сĺɫҩ裬էһ棬һЩҳ
̾ŵѾһٰʮˡһѡ
ˡɷ񡭡ɷ񡭡Ԫɵ
ûٷѻԸ͸
ŵڽԪʱѾܲˣȲİȥ꣬;࣬·Ʈ
ƺūߵ棬ƻȥҹ١
ҩа𣿡ūСʡ
ԽԽأҲԽԽûġûҩεҲվܱá
ȥѷŭкϣԽŭͻԽ̵ķʽǡǡ޹ġ
ǴȨ԰ķŭйκһ˵ϣǲܷ
ҲȨ
ǵȻߵһƱҪҵһ취ôо
áƽ˵֣õľһꡣ
ֱǰ֣ǻŵġȻû
Ҳ˵ū˵ֻһʱˣ
ƻͷ̾˿û뵽³ȻҲܴ̫ˣһΣȥأ


251 Թ
¶̨㿴ԶĽºǰͥ¶̨ϳһȺˡ
޴ĻסƬе̫·Ӱĸū̧һ,һˡ
һ̲סЦк߳,Щ,,ûӡ
վڹ,ޱ,º¶̨ϵȺʱҲ̲סȵü
Ȼڰˡ㺬Ц˵һľ,񿴵һ˵λϣһһڵϡ
Ĵס˲,ΪǾȻˡ
һʼ˶ΪֻǴѪ
ԽԽƵĳֺ,㿪ʼһ£ɫ
Ҷ֪յΪʲô,ܳǰ
ĴȻ⡣㲻ٵĴһмܲסصԹָֻ,Ĵ,Ҫˡ
֮Ѿദ֮
ƽĹԹΪ׵˴С¾Ͳظߴˣֻÿļִ£ǲҪ֪һ
ҲǮÿֹ˶٣ԼЩǮжԻԼϵġ
ⲻǾõļѻ𣿳ңΪβŸԵóģͣΪýӵȰ档³ûмӹһθ˰ûһαүӣ˳ڽ԰
ֳ¶̾Ĵӣ˺ܾˣˡ
ðأ
ҵȡҪҪȥ
еĹ㷲ʱǿȻĺ͵͵ȥܡԶҲٳˡ
Ǽ°
ɵΪԭֵĴðǾͿʼԼܶ࡭ܶðˡ
¸˰͵͵Ա
̫ˣ룬ÿ˶ôкܶԹǡ
㿴˶˲֪ܷǼȥ
˻ûüֹͼѾºˣ
ǲĵȴţĽ
ڽºǰҲûеõĽӼʱǾͷˡ
ֻżɹɹ̫ѡ
һվɡ
վڽºĴǰղôǰһҲû
ȷʵ
ΪʲôҪأ
ܿˡ
Ŵһһγ֣ȻûмκˣûжԹ·ʲôȻܺǿʼԽԽ̸۴ʱʼҪҪȥѯһ´
㷢⼸꽨Ȩʼˣһ죬Ȼ˲ֻǰû˵ڣֳˣЩͿʼ
Ҫô졣
ʲôô죿˵ôԸҾô
һֱġŮڰС֪϶ڵŰȥ졣
Ȼڹ뽯ǺܲڽҵõȨƣΪеģζС
վڶǹ㡣ʱ̵Űѹȥȡ֮
Ȼ⽯ĲѱԺͽҵĺû˿̨ѾˣuͲ֪ܵȥˣѡu飬Ͳվ߶ȡ
ѡĽһҰĲˡ
uҲ˴ֳֵϢ
ҪҪȥuҡͷܾˡ֪ժǹʧϣºʲôu
ֻԶܱǽܵĽͽ
һһСкͥԺﱼ֣ЦǣӣڵķҶڣȻĹһ
һûеuᶨ˵ڣҾͲᵹ
ڹͽһ֮󣬷u֪ò뿪̨ˡȱ˸ߣԼ뿪ܱס
ĸҰģҲûеޡ
һֱȥΪһ磬̣רơһΪһңڼʮ򼸰³ỻһգҲǲܵġ
ڴɨ̨ʣµİա
һأٿڶ 
uΪʱûϣ֮ǰõᡣ
Ҳڴø硣
Թƽ³Ĺ飬Ȣ³
ڼƽֳǺ󣬹ĵáԹһкܿͳ˽ͷβܻӭĻ⡣
uҲܿӱ𴦵õ˸ϸϢ
ȴκ֮ŮΪ󣬵ȴκȥģ֮ȥˡ
ΪûºӣĴ
ǰ
ѾͷƤ͸ɿݷˣȻͿʺ촽¹ŮڵͷɼٷŴͷϡ
ˮϲĿ˺ܾãḧͿŰ׷ۺ֬ԱߵĹŮǡôĳ
˵Ƥϸֹ⻬ֽף
˵촽ʺ챥Σ
Ů˵ԲԵĻ˺üˡǲܷġ
죬ˡ
˵ʱ򣬹һ̿ûС
ǲġ
ڶҲûУˮҲûУ¯ӣô᲻أ
ȥչ˵󲻿ϳԷϳҩ
ǶдĿͰ
˵ǹŮ
ûȥܡ
ûл֪
Ȼˣûȥߴ
ŮǶ֪Ǳ˺ġ
ǣ˭Ҹߴأ
Ҷ졣
ˣ˵Ȼá
˲֪̺˵ĹŮǲ˳
ˣ
ɴԸ
Ƕ֪Ҳ֪ƺΪ˲ŲģʼݵĿŹеĹŮᡢƯഺ硣
ĹŮǶϢˡ
˵ĹŮǲͿ֬ϴͷϴ·͵͵ѻҲϣֻΪڳ͸ա
ƴĿ佱ˣֻϣԺ󣬲ɱǡ
ˣһǰ˵
˻ΧĹŮϲĿĶ˽룬
ð˵ĶӣѾʮˣȴûе̫ӡ
ʱ뵱ӡ˺ʹͷΪĸ׵Ķ֣СŮĸ׵С
ȻĸҪ֮λ󣬾ɱ
ĸɱ󣬸ȴûĸ׵
ðЩĸ׵ǲҲ̫أ
ЩԹ˵ʱֹΪӣΪĸҲͲ˰
֪ԹԼ뵽һֺöӡ
룬һ⣡һ̫ܵӣ˵
˵ǸðȢһӵû˱ðݸߣǹйȻȻͻߴðΪ̫ˡ
ѡ³֮Ů³ֻӣһһǹӣʱðȢ˽ͺδ³ݣһ׮õĻ¡
ððͬ⣬ȥӺܿ첡ˡ
˾ȥȰðȢ
˸ϣȴҪһЩͷڻкڵġ
˽ǿȻѾܾòˣɶǺܿݵģ޾Σʲôʲôѹ
ǰһǺŵģΪΪԸ󣬶ĻεģԲŻɱ󶼲ܡ
ֻҪΪȢһһͬġ
룬ûӣǶô˵
ͷ˵ΪȢʲôӣ߹£һΪ
˵Ǹúӣĳã˭áڴֻһˣһֱ˻ῴԺ˭ȥأ
̾ǰҲһİ롭
˾˵Ȣһõӣ
˵õŮӣȻӦõҰӣ
˾˽³֮Ů˵ðȢֻҪ˽ӣðҲٵֵǷˡ
Ӧˣˡ
ǹһӣȴ˵ȷȥ³ףȴΪðΪԼ
ԼȢ˽
ôôңſڵϰţðסĸףСһ㣡Сһ㣡Ҫŭ
˱һ
ðеȰĸףͲϲˣ㻹ʱɱ㣡ĸףһŭˣ
ס죬ϵϣ׷۰߲߰
εһУٵഺһһ
ðС˵ĸףҲûҪҵ̫ӡոշ֣ΪһΪһֱ̫ӣҲֻĴѡ
ƽ뿪ԹǰӣܴжôϣǴ뵱빫˼˼Ҳ롭ԹɱӵĲ¡
ƽĻðһ亹
ʱŷ֣ѾðܶˡΪǶӵķϣ֪Ŀݻܳʱ
ᡱӣ˵һźţ
ĸף³˵Թֻҵĸף
һ
˵Ť
һΣһĹͷϡ
һΣһ֮λ
Ź


252 
ȥϢҲ̳ǡѾʧȥõ,ĸ׵ܵܡųܡĸרעȨ,,ϢûκβǸϢ͸ҲºֵǮֻǰͷ,ĴǴԥǵ
һǧٽ
ԶԶ˽
ԥκ,ĴҲᳬǧ,һǧٽ,ԥ̫زҪˣ
Ҫݺ
κԺ,ڴ̫һϵˣ
ðǧ
ǰȴܵ,ͨĿغϹ٣͵͵еˡ
ͨʯͷ,
صǣʮ궼δؿһأᱻ˷ֵġȱ˷ʱ,Ҳˡ˹Ц
˺ú,˺ʼɫÿ
һ˼˵Ļǵǡ
ԥǵĲֿô׾ͱ۵˰ˣ̳ǵĲֿİȫ
ǲܶžģڽµĳвֿÿһ̵㣬ˣ⣬߷ֿõǲͬƽʱĹ޽ҲûȨεϵֱ˸
ں̶ܴԤ˼Ե
޾ԣϱͲȱƶȣģǻģɲΥǿŤ̳ǵάֵʱû֪
һʼ׼ӭ̰ٵĵˡ
ÿʼȴûô뿪
ܽһҲǺ£û֣֮˵ʼԼͬĸ鹤Ҳ֪ʲôԭ˾Ȼ˵ˣҵˣҲˡ
Ȼµһ굽ʱ̫ظͽ̹ݶץһˣȥˡ
Щ˶ˡ
£̳һɷæ
Ѿʼ̵ģ̥ǣżʼæʱ˲ϹŻ¶ǰĵƤӡ
ȣĶͱ̵Щ֪ͨˣû˿ţöʱ򲻻ܳȥ棬˯ʱ򲻻͵óԷʱ򲻻һҰ·һĺӰһϥǡŲǸɾģЬ϶
̫ˣеͬ顣
֮⣬֪˵ǶŶԣŲ
ʲôЦκ̫ӣκأ˭֪Ժжٸӣһ̾ˡиӣκ̫֮λֻǾˮ¡
ʼһ״δȥֳˡ
ȥʮ¾ȥһֳǣһºͻˣֱ꣬Ȼȥˡ
̶ȥΡ
ֳ¡¡һʹ˵ǽȥʹͣʹҲˣһ
ر壬ֽ׺񣬿һֻгϻơǽԪ͸ģִ󳼳ϵģŽǽˡ
˸ţТ䡣
εģһźרֶѡ
Ҫǣ˵ڿԽˡ
ʲô٣䲻ǺΪʦһҲǰֱӸԷǰĸһʷĹ٣顢дţԪ裬ʷҲ԰д֮ǽ䲻ǲʶҸʶֵĸ¡
ٷһЩСҲר
˵ֱһ㣺ֳǸ˽ȨⲻҪģֱֳӸġ
䲻ʼǶˣȴֳѽȥΪԣˣ֡ӴԹĽҾ
ܽҪݵֺ˰ĳǳضֻ׸
ռɳǣΪ֡
һֳǻŽ
϶취лȥġ
̳ܹڵĺƽʼܹ̫ظ̳ǣΪǴҲΪΪ䡣
ףѡ
ʱһҩʱҵ˶ŵˣռɳǡ
ⲢζǾĹˣɱ˶ǣҲԡ
Ǹǵ˴һͷñ˷ɱܴʲôɱһΪɱΪۡ
ɱ˲ˣõһɳǡ
ʵǵ˺٣ں֮ڡ
Һãû˷ʵһ֮ǰ䵽ˡ
ı۱Ƕһƻˡ˲±ȴԻ·ˡ
ˣζɱ޼ɡ
Ȼ̳ǿѾ죬ʼǺ̳ǵװûнԶԶԱСԼڰĵˡ
̳ǵԽԽ࣬ǰϢ̳ǵͬʱҲ̳ǵϢɢ˳ȥ
̳Ŀǰûµԭһߣζʵ޶⡣
鱨
˴ĲƸʵޣ̳ԼĲĿǰǳ֡
̳ǴҪӡ
Ҫ鱨ܸ
Ҫֺ̻̳ǣ
ˡ
Ҫķūڳ⣬жˣ˻̳ҳϣȴΪצ
һǹu
Ҫū
ҪǼȲҪֵصūҲҪ̵ʿū˵Ǹ۶Ǻô
Ҫ鱨
Ҫɲؽ̳ǵˣиõİ취ŵ֡οࡢκԣЩҵ鱨ǵǫ̂ڽԪǲ˵ʲôֳǲڱǸСá
Щ鱨İǲõõġ
ԣڵֻá
ʱ˽Ҳкô
ýЩô
ֳʲôлǿͲô
ֻҪԼǿˣʲôıƶ⡣
ְֳѽйȥӦþͻ˵ǵĿˡ
ǽаȥפءˣȴسý
벻ΪʲôͻȻֳҪ䡣
Ҫ֧
ǽԪ
ˣ
㣿
²ȥֳǵ˻𣿡ʣû˵ʲô
ʼҡͷЩɥûУһ糣
֣κ³ĺƽ
ǰڽԪڽºˣ¶ɹȥˡ
Ů޸ҹȻ伣
һ죬ܵУʲô
»³ҾǽԪ˵ʱˡ
ûϵ³δң̳ˡ
uˡ
һϢ³ס
³ֻһ
ŷuˡ
˥޷صģһϵľڽʧ
u´ƮƮˣɫ˫ʱȻԺʣһ˵ڴ롭
ǰķuǰǺŵģǽģԺġ
ڵķuˮһˣ¸Ŀ͡

uʾõģĿ겻ǽǽ䡣
׵¸ԸȥԹԷҵ˵ȥǺܸӵġ
һϳֳǵĹ˵
֮⣬㡢ȥ̨֮ҲҲݸߣԸһ˵ˡ
ݡ
˽Ⱥĺӡ
˵ܵܣǶúܺãɡ
ôĵõҸ
Щο
ͨƽҸȻƺÿŮ˶õĶʵʱһЩ˺ңԶ
֪㳣֡Ҳֻ񽪹ˣŻҸ
лҡ˵
Ȼuסˡ
uֳǡڽԪʽʹ֮ǰǻкܳʱ䡣
uûɳǣȻҲ֪ɳǰӡ̳˺ܶ󣬻Щ
նȥˣʽ
ҡͷ֪
ǵУ˲ˣūȻҲˣеİգָӳУЩʣʦˡ
u̳ûȤʱ䶼˽ϣͶãԹ¡
ãҲʣôףǸһ
u֪Ϊᡱ޵²ûڣðȢ³Ҳв֪ңʿ۴ļ£Ȼġ
ԣǰ׵ļƽһ˿ƽǱԹ̸ЦİףĳɸԼ˵ˡ
uЦˣɼȥˣΪ㵹
һĻΪԹӶ׶Ժ
ԷuĹάûʲôӦĵطѾϰÿһ˼ҪˣʱˮҪϴˮеӰһŮ
uᣬػ̨Ӧ׵ʱ򣬽Ϊѣպص̨ҲҪһվ֧ѵġ
󽪵λǶ˸һʧ
uûлĻͺȻġ
ڷҽӣʱ򣬱ȽСֲС̫࣬ҿӣڽλҲһ֮
֮ǰuֻҪΪʮ꣬¹ӲдҲ޷
ƾʲôΪԸ⣿
仹ûл𣿡ȥ
˵ȥ
бȥ·Ը˵
ý´ˡ
ࡣ
ģʽͽһĲǱǷˡ
ʼߣɽţҲûжʡ
ѧʣֻҪϵ֧ǿǿһ㡣ΪˣЩ㲻ˣƤĲǻҲֵá
࣬Ϊһˡ˵
Ѿײˣһˡ
ҽ£˵˵ʲôʲô
ɽϣþƺɫ䣬һܵаˡҵˣɻǵ֮Լ
u̳סһµʱ򣬽ˡ
Ѿź˺ܶ£Ͳˡ
ֻˡ˵
ͷʼأ
˵£ĿԣʼѾȥˡ
ŵġ
ͷ뿴ʼ
һ󼱴ϤĽŲվߵǰ
ʼ޳޵Թȥġ
ʹʹҪ뿪³
Ƕ̣Ĺ١
u˵Ĳ٣Ǵİڴ֮󣬻ΪŮһõĹޡ
ѵңѵý
˵뿪̳ǡ
ʼѾһᱣ֤̳ģֳʲôְ̫أǾˣҲãҲ̳ܲǣ
ˡҳ
ףⲻʼڹŪģ˵Ǽޡ
ܸһоǰɱ̳ǵһ̫أ̳ܿǵ˻Ǯ͵˵Թȥ֧
Υ޵Թȥ

붼롣
᳤ͷ
һʼûпǹεļƻ
վǰ䡣
üɫ裬Ų죬ʱ۾Ȼˣ¸Ǽӿ֡
֪ô£һɲӿ
Ϊʲôôģ
Ϊģ
վǰе˵ԸȥˣϵЦֹֹס
ȥʲôת޹ġ
˲£׷˵ĺ˵κ飡
κ
תӭŹ⣬ú
ڿġ
ġ
Իȥˣκ飡㡭Ҫκˣʵڲ֪ôؿڶˡȼֱˣ֣
κ󣬴ԶٺҲԶˡ
Ϊѽ


253 ս
ȲϢ߽
ڲٶزˣ
ֳǣһýİϤĵط
һֳ̤ʱǸʲôҲɵӡֻ֪û,ֵ,øš
Сһܵ˵ء
ֵܽƫĵľ׶Сá
֪ʲôƫģڼʱСþ˵ƫҵСܵ,͵͵ԡ
ڼ˶ʱƫġǰǲˣǵԼڼȻûܹίΪǿǰĶ,СǸɻûĸƫ۰ζ
׶Ͳƫ
ûô׵Ůӡ
ǵøռʱûһңȸϴҪɾöࡣ
ͷֺ,Ƥϸϸ׵ģһ¶ˡ
ʱŵϷ,ȻǶ˯,,ûʯͷӡ
ϲܵǰ۾ģǡϲŵʱ;رġ
ˣϲȥ
Ҳܸˡʱ򣬱ûܺȥˣʱһһ
ΪãҲã˳͵͵ֳʳԵóԵҲһڡ
һ𣬰ȥ棬ϣ˯
ʱҸʱ
ʵ֪ϲǡ
׶šţֻû취ǡȻֱˡ
ǡһܰ׶ѡɱˡ
ܺ˴
ʱҲԼΪʲôܰ׶ȥɵ
ĲֻҪ뵽׶ͷܻ
´ɱ׶
ôܵеùأ
Ǵ
˵ǰĽ䲻֪жֻǾܣڵĽѾ֪ʲôˡ
ֻһֺϣһ̳Ǻū³ʮ߸ǳأ
ֺϺֻ̳СǣԶԶꡢִǣĴǣʮ
ҪĻͽԴ򲻹
ҲԸΪʲô˵Ӳ
ΪֻˣǾͻȥ֣ҪһСЩˡ
ֺϡ
ߵ˶ߣֻŽһߣĺô֮ѾܲҪˡ
ΪŻᱻֳǣŻΪҵϱ
㣬ˣЩӡǰֶˣҲǰĶˡ
˵Ϊϻܶࡰö
˵ֻһǰĸƫζڵ˻ıҼ˻࣡
ֻһӣһáڹûиøǡ˻ûü˵Լطǡ
ѽʲôطĵ̡Ǹǣǵ̫ؾͻΪġ¡
Ұٴһ㣬ռǣҲû⡣ֳǷӦҲҪ꣬ҲԸ񣬾㲻ʣֻҪûͿռΪ
䵱ȻҪöĵ̣ˣõ̸ˣ̳Ҳø˸ˣҲиõˡǳ˵ֲ
㣬Ϊ˶Ҫô
ǹκ³ˡ
Ȼֻйƥκ㽾˵
䵱ȻΪܼκֻǵ˵׺òã
æʣͣ
һ㶣Ц˫ʮԼʮ塣
ʮꡭ
ָһһѪʣȢŰɣ
ӶЦˣԼýţϻࣺģκйһ󣬲Ѿûˡ
к𣿡ʣɲùȥ裡
ȻûеģϵҡͷҲκһ£κƽ涼κͿôڴϵģµ̫ȴⶼ̨ʧˣǰĻȻκûиߴ󳼣ɻ˳˵̫ӱ̫ˡ
Ǻпܵġ
̫֮ͽչţκϳǺ±κʡ
Ҳûܴ̫Ĺ￴һû̫ӵټȥôã㵱ʱ̫̫ӣֻҲͳȥˡ
κڣκǲصھͶ˴С̫ݺ̫ӣҪĿĻΪκ·
ƽ޵̫Ұѣֶ޹˼ɣ
κҪԼ裬˭Խκⶼ̨̫
˭ܱκɱ̫
ܣֻš
ֳ£ҲڣҪ½֪κҪ̫Ҫ˼ɼˣ̫֮ҲĹ
ƽڹǰκҲһ޵ĺ⡣κ̫ʧˡ
κ಻ȤϵĴһ
Դõİ취ǰǹУŮƾͿˡ
ƽȻףӦڴãӦðѴҪ£
ԼƽʧȥȤˬĴӦףҪʹ޸κȻڼס£˽䡣
ϣ
֪Ҳ²ô
ǸˣǾѲסɴǣһ˻ĺӵͨ˿ܣôѪ𣿣
ԼϵģΪ³ʱѾˣǵԼϺ͸ĸ֪
ɽ֪ʱͱԼ󣬻ʱס̨ΪԼǴĹӣʵǣ
ڽ֮չüûаƣ
֮ͶԽʧȥȤ
Ҫһϵļ̨̳޻Ҫ
ңһãҲø˿ϳ֮ĲͬôСʱһ˫۾ֲ
ҺãûͲˣ˲࣬ٹʮ꣬ǵô˾͸ˣʱðòҲᱻֲʶһŴģע⵽ĵطˡ
ڽǾͳȥĺá
ûڽûɳǣ˸̳ǡ
Щġ
ˣǸŮӣҲ᲻ɱˡ
ý޵κǶ³кôġ
ȣκ³֮Ů
ҡ
һ޳ȥ³ĺܣάôԼȥ𴩣
Σ³ΪУӴΪС
Ϊκֻ³ʹܰ
κ³֪³֧֣κȥ
ڽ˭ģ˭Ӱ쵽Ѿ˹µ⡣
ƽһԶ̨谭һǽ䣬һǽ
ʵһˣǽ
Ὢ
϶ᣬȥ֪һŹ
ȴ뽪ΪУΪûҪ
뽪䣬õúõĻǶΪ³³ǿһ֡
ֲǽִţѵ˶ɵԼʤˣһǿĵ˱ģɵеĵˣȥ¡
Ψһ鷳ǣΪԹ޳ȥ
ҪԹȥκͱҶ԰취ҶȰˡ
Ϧɫԡ
аúܣ߽⣬֮Ҳûߣڹԣš
ûгĬ̫ãأ
˵ϴ衣
ʼأۣҳһţؿлգȴ͸ǱˮûзŭҲûз
ޱȵ侲
ӷҵ˼г˿룬ҳڸ¡
ʵġ
Ҳû⣬ϲĻ˵κӢϲ󣬿Լ޸ʱӿͷľȻǡЦ⡣
찡ھȻڲĻ££
ڹֳ˵ֻ潻³˵Ĵ¡һŮӵҸ
ɽֻҸ
ҲɳˣΪԪɱ͸뿪³Ϊκ󣬽ԪͲɱˣͰȫˡȫˣ˸Ȩ
ѡȷģ뷨Ҳԡ
Ψһκ³³³޼ɵȥκֻܼβˡ
ڲҪҪޣҪޡ
뿪³
ǾҪİ취
ʼˡ
콪ȴ֪ǹ˼
޸
ⲻ֣κһŮ޸ʮͷӡ
룬ŽЩ¡ʲôأ
ֻȻЩ˶սɱ˵ģʵֵһᡣ
˵ģԷۣǵľʮңȻпֻ߳ǾūЩйвйǱսֻ軨ǧ˾ܰѽ䡣
룬Ҫ߹ҪʶýȥֻֿẦ
û뵽ʱȻܸˣ
ϲ˵ԭԹͷӣκᣬ
ʼ󾪣˵ˣκôκ
ɵ˵ⲻãҲءʱһκϣκضмҵģ
ȻǰԡʼȻôһ̻ɡǹĻ𣿡˲Ͱͷˡ㲻ĻᷴԴ⻹
˰ӣκҲ˳ġһ˵㹫κϲûжҲҪаء
Ҫúչ˰ӡ˵
Ȼһúչġʼæ֤
Ǻãȥֺϰɡ˵
ֺϣʼȣΪʲôҪȥֺϣ
Ϊӵʱ̳ǵ£ҵ˿ˣʱӳ£ҿκԹҡΪһȴӲصֺϣҼ޵κŸ㣬ٴҡ˵ֺϻǱ̳ǰȫöࡣ
ʼȥȻ޷ܾɺ֣ܳҲܺһ˵Ҳڹ޵κȡκ֮ǰӲܳ£
ãʹߡӦ
һ·СġЦ˵
ʼһῴ˾Ͳˡ
ˣ˭أ
uǣңױá
䡭ûɹκһ仰
ϣ
þѹþ衣
ӿͷʲô
Ѫڣ
Ҫһ£˿ܻѡģʧҲܽܡ
ΨһܵľǺñȥˡ
ʲô̹Ȼԡ


254 
̳ǵǶӸ˵һܣҪֳˡ
˵ˣ
˵κ
֣𣿡


ϢӺζ٣Ҫġ
Ϊ,,ÿ춼͸ϡ֮,Ȼ˴ˡ
ʼŶ,ڼŷ,ΪϿε̫ش˲ˣ˵һ߸ߣܵ˵һҪϿ𣿡
˵λҪϵģ׼Ѿˣȹ죬Ҵȥ
̶ʱɥ
ɵعͷ,ӻǱǰɶˡǶæûʱ
,ڶ͵ﵽгȥʱ,ͱ̴Ӵ˲׺¥
һǲ׺¥Щη塣
ǲ¹ӲҲѵ,ֻǵΪżġѹʱ,Ǿͻץݺһ٣
ˣ֪ùѹΪʵ̫̫ˣֻҪһƤĵط֪˶ĵòˡ
𣡡ͷܣ̴һѽڼϣЦܣȥɡ̫СģҲ߹ܳȥڼˣᳳġ
Ű湫˭һ
׺¥ǽͶֵܣࡢ붡ǿ
˵붡ƽ̵̡
ȴʼ̴˲ĻڵʱҲ̵Ľ
ȻûоܾɣϴӦ֣صֵдұط
ǡˣž·֪ȥװָֺ֪Ŷ˵ȥݼ
һͱøɣΪֹ޿ޣǰ˶ĶԶ˴񣬵СӣҪ̵ҡ
ַǶһʱʦ֡
Ȼ󽪼̴Ӱ̴ȥͶԶơصǶֵ˵̵
һŽһɵġ
ࡢơǿˡ
ҪǸŽֵܻģʱǸҰӵӣȫһʲôĶڸǴĶӣǴ֮һ
𾪣Ϊֻǵİͯû뵽ǹĵܵܣ
Σ
Ҫǣƾʲôʸ
ƻعؾɸողµӣת۾Ҫڣ
Ųڡ
ʱ˵׷潪ҳҲ̨֮һŶҶҽϵĲŰ׵еλУҲҪҵΡ
ԭˡ
ʱŷӦֵܿȻˣȴǸ㡢uİգҪǣֵụֻ̂ǣ˾ᱳѣ
ֵ̽ܣǳԭ
ҲܾܾˣʱеҲ˵ҪѧĻĸñвҲվ
ΪиǶңϡܾǱԼļ塣
ƶʱñǧѹ
ǲǿǼˡ
Ҷˣػ̨
ڣ⣬ȻײͶ˹£ΪǣСиС
ⲻ˵ڤڤ֮춨һûߵ·
ٶԶ˵Ҫظȥ
ǶҵĸԸȥʡ
ȥ϶öȥ˵ġ
н
ҪʵͨȴˣûôŹǰи׵ǰͷźһУǵһΣԼӭˣ
˵ΪѡΪУ˿ôʣֻΪѣаսὫãΪУɸ뽯ΪУɱӵܣ
̶̼仰ʵöĳ֪䣬߰ҸңҸɱ
ǿֹĻʵһ˼Ҫ뽯Ϊѣȡ֮ٽҲܵûظ
ͷұ㾲
붡һҪɱ϶Ҫ֣ɱһˣȴҪȥɵ
Ҳˣһ̾ˣ˯ˣҪһֻ۾̡
ֻʣ¶ǿ
ǿһԤУܿҪ˵£϶ҪҲ¡
Źᣡ
оӭ
Լ
ɡ
ʷ򣬶ɸһԣ
ǿдΰݣ̧ͷʱ۾˻
ԸΪǰ䣬ڡ
ʵںֵܵĲŸΣնˡ
Ҫ̨յ֧֣¶ֵܣԭն
һϵȻٻҪһա
ͿˣǸ˲ܹѣֻܹ󡣵ȳ䶨ٰˡ
ִһ˵٣Ҫһһ˵ֻҪڵ͹ˣǲǳʵûں̨µ˹̨ܲϵˣ̨ϵˣͲóԼ˶Ǵš
ֵǸˣǴҲãҲã޹ش֡
Ӷµ£ļȷ紵̳ǵ⡣
ûж˼
ʱȥֳǣʱ븸ȥ˺öˣѵҪԼȥȻҪһȥ
ô˵Ҳе䵱Ȼվڽߵģֳ˼ʱҲķˣֳǺʱӭع
ֳǹģԾȵѵ֪Ժû
䣺ΪҪѵϣ²ɣ
æҡͷֻǹ񣬹Ĺ᲻Ը⡣
ȻԸ⣬أ
֮ǰΪ뽪ҪĿɳˡ
ǰŵôôžҪѹ޵κȥѵɽ
ϧûֻ֮ǰͽ˶Ϊϲԣ˽Ҳػ᲻죬϶鷳
£ǿֺϵԴԴ̳ˣ̳ǵʳҲԴԴֺ˰
Ļ
ĻĿ
ôôöûأ
Լʵ벻ףû취ˣϧ˵ˣһ̴˵˶Цεˣôпռ㣿
ֳҲйоյˡɹô˵Ժ󣬽ҲˣֻϽֳţһҪùӭع
̽һ¹ԽĹ۸С
ϽüѵֻŮһ𣿡
ȻǣԹǷǳ𾴵ģ˾Ͳ˵ˣֻøϽϢͻֳǡ
һһأǽʮ졣
ʱ䣬õһϢ˵һֳ˾ڹߣΪֳǵϢ
Ǻˣ
Ĵ̽
Ҫһֳͬǣһʷu
uҼһ棬ߡ·Ըң
ҡͷ
uѯʣзԸ뾡ֱԡ
ҡͷ
u
Ѿ˽䣬Ҳõ˽֧֡Ȼ˵˵κ⣬ܴѡɷ˭Ӵޡ
ҲûûΪƭ˵
uܵܣʱɫͷˣܶࡣ
һжԤʵˣȴǲ
ǲ
ġػֳǣλеõ棬ռڲͲˡ
ȻҪùš
빫ӻ𣿡һ¯㣬ƴ¯޷ԶйλãһƬİƣΧ£Ź
̴һˣȻŨ
uʱͿƣ˫ֺϣɫƸմ¯Ʈģٻɢ
һڹߡıװΣһͱס۷ڹ֮¡
ǹϵĻΣԵı¯ȴЩҫۡ
uǰСˡ
ô꣬Ȼֻصߡ
Ŵ𣿡ָʽ
̧ͷΪβţ
u仰Ѿĵˡнˣ̳ǡֺϣҲǽڱݡ
uһ˵Ҳ˿˼Ӧ֪ǽˡ
˵࣬ţҪ˭𣿡Цұ͵ɳû˵仰ժ¥˶ˣ
uƿԡ
չƸۣƺ˶⡣ɻԵǣ롢ӹľٶеõ˺ô
ʱ֪ζԴҲ֪ôȥ
ժ¥˱ɱֻмʮ˹Ůȥɳǵ֪
ڵʱѾҪˣٲҪ¡ֲȥᡣ
ҪǴƭˡǵʱпǴ֮䣬ʤѷ֡
֮ڽºϲսܣҲǵԤ֮С
ֻûϵǣ̶̼ڣ㾹Ȼͽϣϳ̨
ʧܻؼң̨˹¡
մӽлɳǣɳҲ󻹷Ϊɳǵˡ
תתڲڹǰ
uʧһЦԲֺǰҪԹߵָֻţȻ졣
֪ͺá̾˿ص˵ڽʱңϢǸмġϾҽ㻹ڷҡҲѡϢ䣬壬ٶˡվҿЩ߰ɡȹ뽯ˣҲΪһйء
uĬΣ˵ҽղ֪ĺࡣ湫ѰһõķʵڡԹôеùκο黬κ˭ó޵κȼ޵Թá
̫٣̫
֪ң߹ǣһ֮ġu̧ͷ˵ڹһ޵ˣƣ֮ˡĵЧǰ£ջ˯һȴаѡѰ˴̽ƣܾǵ֣ߵˡ
ԭԪ
ô飿
u˵˰ƣΪСģʮֽסڴĽºϦ飬粽롣ƴӡ˵һˣҿԴΪ
תʮ߰˸ͷȴҡͷˣʲôüģһˣֲ˵κø
ʱգδزܡu
ҩܰзκãҩҲ̫˰ɣ
οūڣҩЧҲûЧ
ҵκǺңô죿Ƕлң˶á
߷uһٽ֭İ취ֺΪҪĲǸһν̸ΪܵѣҪֵһиͬͬ
䲢ֺãƣɫҲȨ
Էu֮ȻĽģܸ¡һԷȴԶͷu㽻ѡ񼦺ѼͬΪݣȴܹصһ
Ȼڷңӣ䲻ȵĻ
ֻĻ
űƵ÷uҪʹȡŽ䡣
ңužõʱ򻹳úܣֹڣµκҪ罪䡣
˵ܷǵ֣𣿡
ͷȥƵ𣿡
ͷ˵һ£ҼϵóƵˣҡ
Ȼ֪ôˣһþ̫ϧˡ


255 
ܷǵ֣Ѿˡ
Ϊκ,,ڶʱվ֣ǰΪĸ,ʵǳ˵Ρ
֣ʲôƢʲôΪʲôϲʲôˣʲôˣ
Щͳͳ֪
ǰѾ˺ܶʧܵӡ
λȻܷһͼͶãһ졣
˴֣Ͽ,֣¿϶ǲģǾʹͷɣ
еСģԼҿ,׸ĸ,׶׹ŮֻҪɣͳͳôʹ򣬸ĸ,͹ιȥΪֹҲҪĸҪʲôˡ
еӴľˡλʮ,֣£ǳ壬ľǡɡССĵݡɽɶ˶಻ʤ
ǹٻ,޲ɡū,ˣɲݡҩɵʲôģýһɣӴٲ˼ܿࡣ
ˣҪһ¼ûǮķЩʵ⡣
ǮɾûЩ֮ǣȻôޣôޣڼˣˡ
֮֮ˣҲܵ׷
ܷһ·һׯһԴͳˣոӦ£ԺȶĴʸףҲɽֵĳ䡣
ܷǶ죬˻飬ҲǺ
ˣһҲδɡ
и˶ˡ
ܷǾײ˼ٵĶ˴檡澡ͯһ𱻰ˣɱɱҲˡ
ִһ⼸Ȼ˵ɣȴ˼¡
ռ˵ҪɲݣҪԼԼׯڻҪ򡱻
ׯòŮӣǻҪҪضȥһͬɣºӣǾͯˣ֮塣
ǻҸǮҪǮ˵Ҫɵ͸
ˣȻϧ
߱߿²֣ɳǡ
֣ǰʮǰ˸ˣһаѹˣ֮ϳų˰롣
Ϊǵһ֣ģǰڵָˡ
Ҫôϳ˵ɽҲĸģٰ׵ֺŸĸģҲ˼մմ
Ϊ˰ɣЩ㶼ûɡҲ͸˸˸
֣֮ǣΪң̨
ɳǵ˶֣ʱˣҲϰˣǽгһɵ٩Ϸֺް취ζ
ɳǣһͷɢ󻳴󳨣ų߳ĺӵվڲܷǰһ۾Ϳ֣ˡ
ͷúúõģϴøɸɾģ·ģ˻Ь
϶֣ˣ
ܷҲû֣ˣҲ粻Цŵͷκˣ꣬˵֣¼λ֡
֣ЦǺǵ˵ˣ£춼ֿ
˵֣ճ¡ʯҳ¡
˶Ϊ٣Ҹǳʦ̫̳ѧ
ѧѧʱã˴ʼҲã֮ͲǶˡ
ҪԼԼģ̫ҲǸĳúõĲǱ˲ײɳǣⶼˣֺűһ䣬ٰ׵ڳ¸޸꣬ˣҲҪ׵
̫Ȱ˰࣬ûȰֻڹǰԼˣҲĸӣ˸һвĳ¡ʯҵ̫ү
ǣȳ룬һʮڹǰģе֪֮үӵӣԼӵϱ
Ӵˣ֣ûˡΪʮǰûϵˣүӶӣĸӣϧһȫȥˡ
үӻмѧ˵ҲʦֵܣΣһͷˣ˵ٲ֣ҲԼ֣ˡ⼸ҪôүһˣҪôˡ
¡ʯҵүӶ˼£Ҳûˡûûһȥšֻ׵汻¡ʯҾͲˡ
겻ٿĻԹޣʮȥǵõµˣµĺδز١
֣λǰ֣꣬㻺һǧٿ׵֣
ȾҪѡʿһһ֣ܹʱЩֻƨĴ󳼹䣬һ˽󳼻ؼҡϡ
̿һ뵱ٵڿһźź޲ϴ֣Щʡ
ɣǵʿ˶ѰɷʥͶ˵ĳɽĳĳӡĳ֣߸ɴԼ˯ʱεɣ˵㻯һ˰ֵȵȡ
ˣ٣ţȥʮһأһ
ڵ֣òǲɵģɵģ
Ǿˣȫƭӣ
һʼ˿˹١˵һֵܣĸˣɢҲƣֵǰТ˳ҲΥĸŸĸѼµǮȥ͸ˣûһЩ֪ʲôҩɲݹڼߵ
ȸĸȥ˸ĸ͵͵ȥ˸ɱˣȻ󱻵طץסɵնعپֵҲпԭͰ͵ɳǣ֣ǰ飬ϣ֣ˡǡ
֣Ĺ٣ԸֵܽҲǵĹ١
Ǹɱ˵˾ðˡ
£һռˣѧһʸСҪ֣ͱҪ㹻𺳣
¡ʯܵǰˣһ߿һ
ҲúܺģȻ٣黹Ҫģ쳵꣬˵б£»дóģοһҪ֣ȥǴдûŽأˣ֣һԺҲǲܵġ
ܷǾ֣˸һΣСҲܳ䡣
¡ȷʵ֣
֣ӹˡ
˰ǰˡ
͵ȥˡ
⼸ɵӣŶǣҲҪȰǸ˲а֣˹Ц
ɼһвͨ·
ܷǾ֮ɡ
֣ʮܷ꣬˵Լʱε⣬;޼ҵĴѰɡ
˵֣ɣĽ
ܵɽռɽͷѾ֮ءɽ̵֮Ҳܹˣ֣ˣûѹ˶ﻹ
ܷէ˾ܵ˴˸ӣȻ
д˲µ䣬ѵõľ򡣰죬ɽסԺҵһǷǵĻʯ̶Ҫֵ
ΪǸɵӣ췸ɵ;ȤΧۣһȥܷǾͳ˸ġˡ
գһС˹ʲܷҪҪЩʳΡ
ܷ⣬ͷҪˣ֪УҴȥ
ҹܷǰͿɺڵģС˺ūܵĴҩ˴ĹȻӴǮ˼͵˸˳
⻧˼ҵĶӣɽ˵Ķﵱͣǹġ
϶ʶɽˡ
С˰˰ɸװʲܷǣɻбҪ͸
ܷҡͷ
СЦҾϢ֣䣬ֻ²֪Ҫ޵κȥˡ
ܷһһ
Ҫκ
£ֳʹˣʹߴɽһʮ󳵴ŽǺ̳ڵ˶棺ȻҪκ/֣/ˣ
ôֶ
мɢԣԶഫط֣κ͹ֵˣôֶһ
ҡͷֻ˴֣κκû֣ǲ֣ϲ
֣˵ĳŮ˰Ů͵ˡҶΪԼȢŮʱ󻹺ܺ£ԼûȢһ˦ְŮ֣ʱĴˡ
ĴӾűȢһȲҲǹŮŮӡ
ڴӼλ֣֮ûŮֹô£֣Ҳ֣ˡ
ѡ֣ҥԵԭȻҪκ֣ҼɶʱҲԼȽ𣬶Ǳ˵ǽľͿʼˡ
κţôô˳ܸ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
˵Ϊᣬ빫൱
ֻͣ³¯Ľ뽪һ
ûȢ
ԥһ£ҡͷһСǣǺ
˵˴˵ǽҹӰɡ
ǰ̨ʱǽڽ˹ŮǸҪˡ
ԼôĳܾЩϧء
ֳʹǰʱ򣬿˰ѳĳȡ
ʹھʧ룡
Գޣû취޲
Աһ˵ӣѼĳصķľУƸʹڣ֣صʹڽｻӡ
ʹڰĸӣҹӺܶ࣡һǹŮСķ
˵а֮ԼΪƾʹڴһ䣬ɻǵõԣûеһᣬɿˣܸܵǷݱжˣڴ˵ص˶꣬ȴɾҪְ޸𣿡
ʹڵصĳȥ
£鷳ˡ


256 Ի
˵仰ڵձʹ,е
꣬һٵ,ƹȣ߽ˡ
ʹ,ܵһԡ
һ޳,ò׵˽Ŷ룬üĿ,ֱէһһλΰɷ
󿴵,ʩһ¡
,ʹǰܣ̳ǴŻ,ҽҲһ
ϴЦѾˡ
ȢŮҲ֮١
ڽ롰ʧ١֮ȥǳĲ±ΰͽ䷢ˡ
ڵǽȷֵ,ǽΰֺ˽,ö֪
ڽȥһ죬ң㣬Ъ˹ҡڶ죬ȢŮ¾ʹȥˡ
¼ɣܰȻصҡû췮֮ȥ£ƺҲٱ⡣
ʱڹסʱڽҸͽҲǾʹ˾ˣȢ˹ؽסһ£֮ԡӲԸҡΪɣס˹ҡ
ĺôǣΪҲ̨̤ȴȢ޺ͳɣ̨߽
ʱڴףʱȴڹס
˵ǺڣҪ˵˳˳⡭
׵һڰһ繣ں
˳òڣŸ׸ɷгһչľƱ¶ԥհ죬ǵӶ̵øݹǸס
Ӧ֪Ĳģȴ⡣һֻſͻֻȵˣһڰ¡
³˲ƿûŹẦǵʱ»û꣬ĸ߹ȴ˴ŻᡰѵȥǸ
ʱ֪ӣûаֺô
ӣҲ֪ȥ˭
ңʱӼӳڱ㡰۸ѵҪؼȥߣ׺Ͷ
ο㲻Ҫɱֻѱһѱ־壬ôںôͿ־֮¡
ʹͷ̧ľǰȥ򿪣ȻһڵĳͷŨܡڷ˳˿Ž⣬˼ͷ䣬Ǻεȵ
ĺͷһ˼ҵŮĳġ
ľսһᣬ˱ǶǶ㡢̴ϵζ
ɳǹòЦ
ʹɳѾΪ̳ˡ
Ŷԣ̳ǡҡͷתͷʽǹԿʵ˵Թɳǵ㣬պȥ
ʹĻûлм١Ϊʲôм٣
ҥ˵뽯Ⱦʲôô
ѵǸСǳȥκ
޴ĸԽĸӦǼٵģСʱͶԽⲻͬŮĸǸȼңҲǡ
̶̵õĶࡣԽĸΨһõġ޷ˡ
꣬Źɱժ¥˺͹ŮǺޣǺ޹ʱڴǰһ״
Ϊʲô潯ö֪ΪʲôŮиӵĸ鵼µģһҹǴ־ģǰҲߣ
ɵҪȥɳʱ͡
·ϲ֪˺£ʧٺ󣬽Ͷ㵽ˡ
ԹҰ˶óģ²⣬ȥٹ裬ɱ˽롣
һŭΪա
˺Ϻú󣬽ԣɳǡͰԺ󣬹ȴһֱǵãһֱǵɴӦҪǾͱǰһϷ
û˵֪ô룬ʵ˶ô룬ƫƫ˵͹ûйϵ
ᰮ
ɹⱲӻ᲻Ůһȥĳһˡ
⻰˼ǡ
㿴Ĭ֮󣬰ľ磬ƻ󶼻Ϊޡ
ľʱжСģʱжɴࡣ
˵빫ȷԧˡǶǹȥˣѾаˡ
ҲΪƾ˵Ȼô˵ȥɳһ˰ѹĸԸȥκ
ЦǰҪΪҶԡ
ˡ
ֵ̳ʢģƼڴˣԶԶȥ̳ǼֳǻҪˡ
Ǿ̳ǣ˵̳ǵˣӳͿǰĳЩȫҪȥ̳ǵ̶ӡ
ôôˣִһ£ǰ̶ʮ֧ÿ̶֧Ӷһ̳Ǹϡ
ʹˣһ·ĳɶϲ̳ءǰɳʱǶ
˵̳ǵĹϲˣ˵˰˵
ǺһЦ⻹ժǹܸɳ¡
ЩûȤֻص˳
ܸʲô
һ˱ˣ˶ܣȥ⣬ǳǲͿˣǲܳõͣһطģûиҪǶˣǾͻˡ
ǸŮˣʲôϲ˴ϲ˵Ĺ£˵˰
ڳ۾ҡҡλ˺ðŸϵſڣȴſڵ˰죬Ⱥò׽ȥˣʴˣԱߵǶȥˣôҪôã
Ҳܾȣ˵̳ǺְֻܹҪ˵һ˵ĳ϶ʲô˶˾ͿԽȥˣΪˣ˺ܾأ
ҪȥʲôˣʲôʲôδˣĸֵܼˣԺΪȵȡ
ǮС
ֻվⶼ꣬Ϊý³ҪѽҲһ顣
ͷУûýӳ
ҲùŹ֣һ־òûʲôģ͵ˣȻˣȥɡ
̳ǽҪڳǣҪһ顣
ȱʱѾˡϵ˶ˣɫҴңҸϡ
˿˲æģڳȴһƨɵӣֵץһʣôǱߵĲô
˵ûҹֻзҲ˵˰ҹҲԽǣҲ⣬ǮٻУʧһʧҪҡ
˵̳ǵʵֻһҡ
㷸ʲôǳҡ
ʣڳҹ𣿡
Ȼ˵ڳסŹأȻҹȻŹ˯ô죿
ʱһͭ
˵ÿʱһű飬ڳߵ˼˾ɱ´ˣٿĳʣסĵطûУҼסɣһʮǮ
˻һǿջģ
ҡͷջ⣬ܰһѾͰһѡ˵ͣͣ㣬Ҳ԰ι㡣
˵ǿջģ
ӳ̽ͷǾסɡ
ŴӦߣ˺ܸˣ˳ǰͷ·
Ѵ˽йС˵¡
˺̸ܽ˵ϵŮġ
˵ҹҲ˵ꡣ
Ұ׳ԷʱԳ죡ʳֽиʱѶˣΧŹĶʳԡ
ɱˣǷ˶᲻ɱˡ

˿ĭɣ֮ȥѧѧһͰֲˣժ¥һס
Ĳ˵һ֣ժǹúܲġ
ڶ죬ȥ
ǰΪ£µֱʵ
ѽˣֻһ
ʣ겻Ʒƾɣˡ
Цˣϣ§µȥ˰ңҲ̹
˳ӵ£ǸЦ˵ӣһΪǺεȼˣôȴԵɬأ
һ漴ſҵǲ繫ʶ㡣
һ½ãƾϣһЦ˵
ٴοȥסĶ˵кң
عͷձһǣǼҶкô¡
£ʡ
ĺе̫ˡҾҪȥκɲôһ˶ָֻšЦ㣬޷
ſĿ絶ĶĻ
˵³ԽңԽáѵⲻĻ
ޣһ˲ͷ
㣬ôշµ֣Щ˵ڰ֣óЩˡ
ǹŮڹӹܹҲ˳µġ
תͷܷʳһ䣺ҳ˹㣬ܰʲô
ز㡣Ц˵һص̨취ùڹ̴ܴӣҲܴʱһȥҪȥ˵ƣҲĹ򡣡
˵ĳҪĳһһѾԵķˣ
ԣֻҪԼ£շҵ˾ˡһۣѲ㣬԰ɣ
ǿĿһתˮظ§סķᣬңպұк񱨡
ŷβɦϣɦģȺֶֺޡְŮ˵
ҵκ֪˵ǼˡϺһĿת䣬Ҳֲ
һͷ
ѵ
ȽߺһĽЦˡ
ô˵ԼαίԼ
Ҫ˵취ǣΪʲôҪ
ҡͷ㲻ˡһ˺ѣҪ̫ĹҲ̫ıֻһˣǲỳɣǰǵŮˡҲԴܾŮ˰Ǻ¡ֻҪԱһ£ٶʲôԼͻҰˡ
ǵõȡŽġСͯ࣬ÿĲûУҲϲСͯ
빫ƣ
ýߵ˶ţİģֲ
ǵõ־ʱô˵ԼģôԼҪ£Ҫߵȥġ
ʱˣԼΪԽֻо⣬ûк⡣


257 س
潾գߵȴˬˡ
վڵ,ŵǵĻЦ
ûбˡ
̴ӺͯǶȥʰ,ʲôʱʰãҪʲôʱ
Ϊ˽²ò뿪,˵ȥκǰ뽨ã֧ĽҲܽǰĸ˭ʷ˭Ա˭ǰҲԸ,̳벻ǣֻԼˡ
ᵽڷָͽ֮ǰܲɷ,ֺһɢɳ,̳ȴһʼͷ,ĸϵ,һ֮ûͳϵ
û̳ǣֺܼϵʵ,û취ֺϴӡ
̳Ҳ벻
̳ϵλߵֻ̫Ĺ,ϵ֮ȴ岻ĸһֱ⡣
̳ǳڵ˺ͳūȫͬ֡
ټϳеˣǻû˼棬ǶֻϹʼ
ΪǶ֪Ϊϲˣ̳Ƕôƫ˵ĳɡ
ÿϸϸ˼̲ס̳̾ǳһɢɳȫҪάϵһ𣬶иûȡλá
칫ˣҪǻ̳̳Ǽƫ𣿻᲻ֱһͳ̫أߣһƺ
ûˣֻ̳һ̶ˮҪôȥūֺϵɵĿǰΪֹֺϵúСųɵ˶ǳֺϵġ̳ǵʧǲҼ̳ǣͻΪǾֱǣ̳ˡ
ʼܹϵһ𣬿ѾˣһûιûӴعˣ֪ƽʱô̳ǵĹʲôʲô
бܷûֺϵ֧ţϵı
˭ܴӽõ޾ģ粻˭̳ǵĶ㡣
ûжһ飬޸֮ǵ֮
ڿѾڹʮˣżʱ򣬿ԿûһŮƴ˵ĶȥѾԹŲɡ
Ǹˡǰ⻬׵ļ羱
ΪҪ޵κȥǲһΪޣŷ鰮ˡ
Ҳ֣˵ĹгĹ²ԡ
ûһʵʱ飬ʱϵѣ˽֪ܡ
ˡ
ʱҪŮˡȨҰĵǿҵһ۾ܿĵز⾹Ȼõ
ţһõߵĵλȨ
Ƕϲǰ˵š
šƵĺյ󣬺˼ںˮЩ˯
Ǹˣָԡû̫¸Уֳ֣ҰģȴȱҿƵ
֮ܺ
Ѿֵֻζˡ
Ȼôġг衱û취ȥһָͷ
Ȼʼƺ⣬ȴǸʲôģ
뵱һСŮڶݵʱһСŮ
Ѿ벻һǸСŮʱˡ
ԽҲ˼֡ġ֮ǰúðһŮ˵ġ
ڻֳǵ·ϣ޼䡣
뿪ˣǰȱܿˣһСͯȥȥԺֵһڹ˵
Ҫˮ͸ɾ·
˰ˮ͵Уȹϴ֮󣬲߽ȥ
⼸գһձһ
͸Ĺ⻪ü֮תĴ⣬ˣʾʱܿ֡
ɹƺûе˵ɡˡĿϡ
ʧ졣ָоδйڹУʲôżڱŮлܿĽԵʣʱ԰ġԭû䡣
ɹԶڿʱ¶Ů˵Զ͵һμʱһ
һġˡ
ϧΪϧԴӲʱùڶֻҪ¶һ˿ĴѾǶ˺
Ҳ֪ô
u˵
֣𣿡
ͷ֪uҲסʮҹuȻˡ
ңߡ˵ھ͸ߡ
ˣҪֳ𣿡
ͷҪˡ
ǽ̻ûҲû̸ϲҪˣǾͲ̫ðˡ
̸죬ŻڵȥһϤܴ˽ҵأ
ܱһɡøûǣ
ʣ֪𣿡
ҡͷҵ֪ǰˣϧԺЩӦö뿪ң֪ȥˡҶʱҲȡЩˡ
ǽʡ
ʵڲУֻٰһˡ
һվʹˡ
Ѿ̫ˣΪ˲ýɣֻھͳ
ǵǸ졣
Ƕֻ˵ҪˣΪ˱֤ȫýĳǡһǰ˳˳ǣʣµĵȽٸϣǰֳӡ
ý䲻ʱߵģܵĽթһʲôǱزٵģû˽ˣͨıҲʩչ
·;֮󣬽ֽûикȴ˻ֳˡ
Ϊ˵Ҫ㵽ӭֳǵͷͷԣССľˣڴĶҪ
ҪĻȥ˵һǾõģ
ͬˣҽӦ㣬Ҳͬ˵Ļ
κʹڿ˸á˵³Ƕôؽ
Ҫˣôӭӡ
治Ը
ھͻȥҲҪ˶Ц˵
ҧһ£ҧһѪӣһ֣ٱ
һʹһ̵ѪܿҪҼϵĻ˵ԼԶСҧģϵô죿
ЦģѵΪ㣿
ˣǱ仰˵Ϸգʱŭ˳ʹ˻ֳˡ
֮󣬽˷ŲеȥҡҪ˰ժǹڴ˵Ϣͳȥ
ѾüˣֻҪҲҵˡ˵ûҵ̣ҲҪصֳǰ
һգǵһСǡ
Žգ뽪ȥⲻ֣֡⡱ˣҪޣһ˳ǣѳ˶õġޣȢޣǸСǵѪùʱϵĺǶӵĸ˰һ㻹ҪѸҵŮӵŮ̴ȥ
ӪֻȥڲʵĲ˺͹Ϲ
˻󣬽ʹһˡ
뷢ףһˡ
վ˽࣬һְ漴Ҳˣ˫
ʱ⣬ٿˣһƣȻʧЦ̣ż겻ôͷӶ׳ˣ˵ţĳȥḶ̌
һǵӣһڣҲеɳˡ
˵̳ǵˣֻȥϣȻǵңҡ˵
Ҵˡ̾˿ɽҲô㣬ȥҲȥ㡣
̿ɣҪң
ҡͷ⵹ǲݣе㷢
һ£ǽ̲ɡѡˣֻ¾ûôˡ
£ʡ
ɱˡ
ɱˣ
һš
̵һоⱩ䣡
гԭúܺáʶΰڽ꣬ʶ㣬Ҳ֪Ը˽Ӧòѡ
ңܵҲǲеġü˵
˵ԣұýȥһˡȥţԾΪɾͻؽң˽ңһҲӦ֮⡣
ȻͿԴɱˡ
ҡͷ֪Ҷжôܶ𱨣ǷһΣ±ٻɡ
Ҳ̴ֻ֪ͣΨһ˶պ˲ǵÿһδȴǵ˵ǹƥɱ˽һš
̵ĺˡ
ǧš䲻Ҳ̨֮һڽʣڴߣһűѵΪ˴˵𣿡
վԭأ첻
Ϣ̣Ըң
̻ͷһۣûҳ𡣡
һֵΣ
һԡ
±ɱ֡
ĶѾˣǰĶͿ޲ӯ
󾪣ôˣ
Ҳüôȥ׷ôСˣĽҲȫ½סɱøɸɾ
һ̯˭֪ĸȥģ˵ҪɱɹʮöŽһ·
Ҫŭɶ಻ҶԽæԲ޷ģˣҲˣɡ
˵ҵ˻ţΪ֪ıܵģỨϼ칦򣬵ģֻҪ䵽϶Ź
һڵţƴͣ桢Ϳ׷ˡ
ʱˣ
ſװ
иˣ
Ǯû
ϵ·ȫǹˣһֱװҶ
ûǮ
ŵã˰ɣ
Щ˲Ǹˣ
ϴ󣬽ûճɣ
ٵȵȣ⸽һǿˣǵвһЩɳơϵ˵
ûǮҿɲˡȥҪǻҪˣһɡ
ϰˣ߾߰ɡǸһ˵
һŲƺҪߣ漴һ졣
ţһصĶ̱ڵء
ǸɳƵ˵𣿡
үүǲߣ
үүǾ͸үү
Ҳһˣ
ͻȻðͷЩȻЩˣϵĿû˻·ͷĿѾĹܲסµˡ
û˵ɱ˽ٲƵֻơ
˵ܰƽͻؽң
Ӧûڼ׷ɱҪ˻͡
Щá
ǸˣٸһǸɳƵ˵ɻˣնҪ·£һ»ڣǶǻ
һ
͵̧ͷүүңǽүүһؼңس꣡
̾˵ˡ


258 
أߵ˵
ֺϸϻ֪ѾˣȻûе,Լһ˻ֳˣ
ȥôһ˻ȥ
һֱĴҹ,𣬴ʱǰһˡԺ,Ÿߵġ
˵ֵĵòˣѾʮ죬ؽĶߵÿĻ,Ѿ쵽ֳˡ
˵ڴ˵Ⱥ򽫾,ȽԺϸ,ϵֳȥ˵ᾡʱ,صֳǺѾ̨,Ҳżȥ,סժǹ,ҽȥţҵʵĻᣬٽ
䷢ֽصֳ֮֮ٴαøңԶˣʲôʱܼҲʱһ顣
˵㣬ֳǣǿȥһ´㡣
˵ʲôѾˣ˴ӣǶӣص
˵Բȥ
ðɡûʲôӦ
תһȦͻȻæʽ£أ
˵һˡ̱ˣ
֪ô£һŨصĲ
һأ뿪ֳǣ֪һ֮󣬽Ѿɳȥˡ
κ¸߽ʱʲôӦ
ŵķ֣벻
벻ʱǸˣǷŭǱˣ
ûзӦ
£
ϻһ֪ʲôҲûв
ͻȻǲǸǻһ
ʧ
ֳѾûôֹˡ
ƺ֮󣬰۾ϣ˶˵ˡ
ժǹˣ
˵Ѿˮˡ
λ׼޵κȥɣ
ϢͨģǶ˵ȷʵˣɳǵĲƸǶǹļױ
ƼڴˣΪףϲ¡
˶֪ˣ˵˶˵κĻ£Щͷʹ
ǰ죬ˡ
һͲϵӡǡ
ϵĳݺۣ˶òͬˡ񱦽棬⻪֡
ʱһ˻ȫıһˡҲĸı䣬ĸȥһ졣
ڴѾʮˣۿŸ״һ绪ïӱһ̱ڴϹ񣬻ǳˡ
׵Ĺװ磬ȴĲֱ˲֪˽ûпķɣǲ֪һΰ߳ߴϡ
һ;һҪԼ쳹䡣Ҫ˶˵ĺηҲãҲá
壬ȴĬĬš
˵һһòֶΡ
ҴСʶ㣬һԶԶġ˵
ǰʱôẦǹҲǿŸģѵ
ڿװ˵ǶԵġ
·̥ˡ
ǰֻ̻̲յҰȻӽҶ㵽ȴǲܰﵱĹޡޡԹޡŭ
Ⱥ޽ϳĽңֺĹҡ
ΪҶûԸ£û˳Ը
ֲòܹҵıӻҲȥԼļ壬ֻܻ̻Ȼȴȥı䡣
ǰĽȴǰеסľʯῪˣҲܳΪĸҲңһչ
Զ׼ǹ˵ʲôŵʲô
ˡ
йһһ档
ٴ˵վǱߣɼ֮ǰǶԵģǰҲûٳԹĿԲⲻֻҪͻᱻ˵ٴγΪķ²
ǣʲô˵ġ
˽⽯ǽûгǸ֮󣬽ʣµҰġ
񽯼ˣֻҪΪ˴ԼĿģĸˡѶ
ȴûм̳нļơ
ԵúܿЦ
ԣҲŻῪʼתֲӵܣΪ֪֮󻹷һ
ǰѽеˣҵڶûһľ޵
ֵֻ»
ҪǶȥӭͬඣ
˵ֻ㲻ܸġЦ֪ǸӦˡ˵ָ꣬ĿȰʵҲûʲôáκʹڻڣ⼸һֱס̳ǣֹвϣҲȥӭӹʹҲٻɹΪʲôס̨סˡ졭£ҲԶᱻ˷֡
㱻ôһвҲòӦ
ȥ˿ЪϢ˻˻˵Ȼȥ˹֮ȴ뿪ˣ˵Ҫȥ칫
ʧЦԱߵİ˵㿴СӣȻ¹˰á
һѪֻ²Ǻ£Ǿðζˡ۹㣬ͱ㣬ɼǵãѾмûعԺˣ
˶̣Ҳ˵ˡװǴòȥԼӡ
Դӽ̨󣬾Ҳûˡ
Ӹռ޹ʱֻʮְ꣬ԼϲӡԹޣȫȫ˵ÿһ仰
ӣȻϲͬʱҲܷġ
ΪȫľעҵϵʱȻİˡ
Ȣ޵ĿѾﵽˣõ˼̳ˣ岻ϾһĽӣӣʹ޾壬⻹
ֻûȥѡ£ļƻλá
ŮҲһŮˣΪ̸һжԭ̸ú˵ŮҲŮûʲôãѧʶнˣûʲô˻᲻ϲӡ
ϲԡ
ȻûΪŮ˵ĹʲôóһһȫͬŮˡ
ڼʶ֮󣬿ºѻٿһˡ
ڼҲί˵
ߣڼиĸֵܱʳǣȷʵίˣֻҪ񶼲磿
̾ô죿ˣܱȥҰãܱϰ𣿡һ£˵ҪҼˣҲǲԡ
ȻԣǹŮûܹܵģ㽯ܣҲҪ˼ɹҡ
˵ǿңɲǹŮˣ
ƿˣڷ֣ýȥ˵֮󣬰ƾˡ
ʱҲֻܳϰ˵ĶԣõӾǰ硣ȥɷʱȥ˻֡
ôġ
ôһ˿˿ĺڡŮ̳⸱ֻ֪˳ӣ֪ūӣȴûиһϧɷ
һ飬㲻ǹü޸ҲŮ֮һ
Ȱ˵֮󣬹˳ƴӦ
׼ȥӭӹκʹһȥҲ濴һ³ķɡ
Ϣȥֳ֮ǴƼ
ڽĳֳܵǵһ죬ʮﶼۼ˲ˡеˣеͨİգֳҵˡ
вٶǵǼ괺죬һɽ棬Ƕôֵʱ⡣
еĺܶ˶ʱ־ȤͶѡΪֹϲкӣϲŮ˵мкüС˾ʱʶģлмĳ˷ޡ
쿴ǹһŮѾ˸˵췢˳վڳԯԶһкӿŵ̹סΪŮ־Сá
վڳ±סŮӵ˵ˣʲôҪ޵κȥˣ㶼޸ˣѾܸŹһˡ
ŮӾ͹˵֪ҾͲҪˡ
֪ҲȢˣҲҹȥкӲʾ˵
һ곤ĸ˺Ц˵ӣˣˣ˿Цˡ
Ůӿһ˵ôأ
кӿ˵ûӳ
һֱڳءŮͻ룬ǲ·̫࣬ˣ
кӷ˵ǣö˵żأôа
ڵ·ۼźܶˣΪףܻʮʱ³ˡ
κʹߣʹҲڡ
Ȼ׵ģһóԸһʧܶ飬ûʲôìܣ෴˷ѡ
κʹκ·Ĵ򣬵ܴӭһֱǳмξԼţҲͬһ𳤴Ŵ³ˡ
Ŵ̾
ʹƽ˵ôκҪӭȢ³
Ŵ˵ʱн³һΪĲšҡҡͷϧճɺ¡
ԶԶܿˣţʮƥΪһˣ罾£紺磬ơ
㿴öЩ񣬵عٿΧ˽
ٿκʹʹʹ¶ЦκʹĿɿڴ
ǰǰж续
һڣɵҪˡ
Ͳ³ˡ˵
һ£漴׹ˣ
ҪӭΪ˵һƣ
ɼ͵ɳȥǼǺ˰
һ㣬ǰʲôֻ᲻κʹùģ˲ˡ
ɲ뵱ô˵ȥ󡱹ͼ
һת˳˵һ֣ĳͰѳˡ
˶
ô£
˵ʲôˣ
ôˣӹ
ɹһߣʲôҪ£
Ƿ׷ˡ
ŴͼƽվԭأǶ뿴껹ʲô
ûߣĬĬЩߵǳϵı־ΪӭӹЩ˶Ŵм־ĳġ
뿪ֳǵʱһЩ˼Ѿ˳ͷˣһЩ˼ʧˣǱߵ
Щˣǹǲġ
ɡ
շֳɵҡ
ȹĻҪһ㣬Ҫ֪ڽ統ʱҲֻҵˣΪʣµҪİաһⶼԹˣ͸ðˡ
ǽ˵Ļ
𽯱룬ѾѹҲˡһİˣѾڹȥˡ
ڹѧġ
ŴͼͿµ˰·˵ͳͳϿҪͣԶһ㡣
Ȼ󣬵Ź١
Ŵϡܳ裬ǲܳ裿
ƽҲЩף˵ֻ빨ϲϣˡ
ֱӸѿҲֱӴȥǷֺ
Ǹģһֻ³ˡ
³ùû취ֲܽݺͳӼƽϣԹʹѵ㣿
Ŵ֪ûл³ƽҲҪٶһӰɣ
ƽЦͷ³һأðݼͻȥҪˡ
Զ̳ƽˡ


259 Ұ
ȣȴͨ͸,Ϊ̳һɸߡ
һ󶬹ϣ󻹿һ,ŵ׻һͨ⣬˯
˵·̫֮,Ѱʯˣ˵ǸЩϾˣ
ȶа˸ߣ֮㣬֮Ƥ⻬,ʵҹ顣
ڰѽ֮,ͳճҹŶϲ,͵ܵ﷢ֺ󣬻ȥҽ˵,Ź˯أ
ʧЦЦ֮Щ̵ǡѾʮ,Ƕ,ζ̡
ۿ쵽ֳ,룬
ɡ֪ǽҲվɱŶϣʲô£
Сͯ˵Щϰߣһ룬Դӽ޺ҪҪȡˡ
ҲǸıɡ
ǰߵСӡǲǳˣǶȻǰһ
СüۣͶЦЦ˵ɡ
Щţ׳ŵʣֳǺ̵»᲻ᱻ˷֣
һֱΪþ̳һһֳǣͻ͹ΪڹĿҲвġ
ҴΪпڡûԥ̫ãͶԽ˵ʵ
ȷʵ㡣
֪ʲô뿪ʱΪٻҲǷ˽
ڵʱ򣬽ûж飬뿪Ժ󣬽ѵͻ밮
һ˳ԼλǾҪһжλΪ
ǽ̡
ҲһʧгһգҪµ⡣
Ϊǽһ᳤󣬲˭ӵȨ׷
û뵽𰸣
ŴˣЦѣˣ㵹һ룬̵˴˭ʷ˭˾ͨһڵϣصİͷȥ
ų̴ܵӶڵĶˣ̲ס溰ʲô𣿡
ȵ̴Ӷ봳ȥʱ򣬽ˡæְѽͷһİҲЩ㱣̲סʣ磬ǹˣ
̴ĽˡҲǹͯɹգڸǳ˹ĹԱ
֪һֱ̺᲻ҲһùĹأ
л̴ӵĲԼϺСڳڣĻһʲôˣͷϵĴСʣˣ
ҡҡͷӵĿŽ̾˿˵İɣǲ̵ġ
һȥʹˣôô󵨣
Դӻ󣬿뿪̫ãǰӵСҲη幫ҿ޷Ȼȥʡ
񣺡̫ˡǹʲôʱǣҲ¡
˵̺еĴʯͷˡ֮ǰĻֲ̿ˡ
Ҳܾȣû뵽ֻǹһ仰ͷˡ
Խǽӽֳǣ泵ӵԽ࣬кܶ඼ϹģǴĻܰ·
˵Ѿֳܿˣ֧ʣ̳𣿡
ͷѾˡ
ӦҲϹˡ
ǸȥЩĺ𣿡
ðסϷ˸ֱӽ̨;ͣҴ˶ߡ
⼸ߵˡͯŮİٶˣԼ㲻ôġֻ˵ʼϲˡ
λһ˳Ӧòٻ̳ˣȻͰ˶ˡ
һĹùϲġ
ŭĻ˼ң˶⣬˰Ǹ˵ү鲻ãվͲˣ
׷Źæ֣ҪҪ빨úϢҪСŮƽϣҰС̻ﶮϾ͵ĵ
Լ˵ûѾܺõıЩ˲ȥ
ص˺صѣЩ̵ϴˮһʹϵ£Żϯϡ
ϣһɣɵõ˴ӳϻ黹
ʹϣųһöˡҡͷЦΪȴԭһҪС
˵Сƽʱúһ̫࣬Կ˭ˡ
ҲðҲԡ
㻹ҪЩڳǰѿС£δز׮ٸ鷳
ЦͷˡʹûߣҪǲ޵κȥǾȥ޸ˡǼ޸һͷӣǼһ绪ïˣͿǲǶˡ
һ£ѵ㲢һҪ޵κȥ𣿡
κ³³һֱΪĿиʵĹκ
ԹҲûʲôáѹµ̾Ҫ֪ݡ˷֣ҾҪùˡһֱ³ǼٲҪһ޵
˵Ǿһٹ֮ȷʵǸ⡣
ƻвء̾Ůﲻʲôæȵһ֡ڹҲΪսʲôнӵ֮һԲĵطͶˡ
ǵҪ޳ȥ𣿡ȻôΣգβ̳أ
֪ˣ˽⹨㣬ǲΪһԤͲȥģкôĻֻҪⲻ־ˡ
Ǻܺýġ
Լ˵
֪ҪôˣҪôῪڣֻҪ㣬Ǿûˡ
޵κ󣬳ȻԼͻᱣܡ
治ˣɳˡЦ˵ǸŮˣԽǴŮˣԽ᲻ȥ
˵ūҲ
ԡ˵иȱ㣬ԼȻԽɱԽܣԼ˵ȥвͻɱǸˡ
һ㣬ǲ⣬ǺʹԼ˵ˣǱ˵˵ʲôϵ
Ц˵Լ£Ըñ
ҡͷЩˣ˲
Цˣɡ
ȻҪ˵ûӭӽǴ˻֮æϹˡ
ֱӽȥǰ˵
仰һ£Ѽɫȥװƽģ˵׷˺£
صһ齣ƽҪǧټƵȰȥӭӹΪѿ𣿡
æܿ˵Ҳ֪鰡
˵㲻֪ʲôѵģһ˵ӣȻ˵³
治֪
תӣ𽪼˵㡱Ļ
ѵΪ𣿹ѿ
ȷʵֻ֪ô˵ģ֪ʲôҲ֪ǲǹôġ
Ĳأ·ҲοһŮӡ˵ҽɡ
ˣ㾪ȵ
ǰѾ̨ˡ˵Ȼô֪ûȥӭӹأ
Ϊ֪ͨ˰
һ˼ΪסժǹѴܽҴˣѵҺʹסһ𣿶˵סժǹãȫҲɣοժǹйסﲢʧ
ͻȻ˵Ҫȥһ޵ȥ
⣬˻⣿˵κ
޵Թȥأ˹˵覣³Զһ㣬˵á
⻰üһ˵Ĳ
ʱ𡭡ĪΪв
㿴ŽҰȻƺڹ˵뵱ûǲҪٹǳ¶
ɫӵˣ߽һ˿򣬡ùɱ˽
ƶԹ˵Ļţš˵ֻǲ֪ʲôʱ˵͹ȥκ·ϣǡȲģھͶԹأ
ҹժ¥
ѾŶĸ¥ںҹŹ⻪
¥Ӱأ̴ӡŮͯȥװռŵĸ¥ҪɨµᣡµĴɴʻùصһ
˳ļ˸ոԡĽϣǰһͭŮͷֻĳʱͷһȡ
ǵǱں͸İس
ˡһֻϣʱġ
߹ȥŮ鲼ͷ
л˵һӾй۲ɫ
š̵Ĳӣ¶Ưġϸʪճͷεˮ黬
սȴݸһࡣ
ôһ裬˿ȴһ㣬˼ֽơ
ֵ̫ɫ֮䣬ԵøС
ӹ࣬򿪣͸ĸ壬Ũ㡣ָһ飬ȣͿĳϡ
ҹ
ָģڻմڻʪķ˿ϡ
˿˱ǣỬˮʱҪߡ
յ䣬ʣ˵ʲô
ͷ㴽£ŵæÿ촽ˡ
ϻһڣҧһ⣬ʮ졣
һۣһЦ
˵޵Թκ
вңϡ˵ڻܸ𣿡
ֻͷӦˡѵɻûӦءδ£һûжۡ
Ŷķ˸ۣҶ˻иء
˵ں˵Ƕ֪˵㣬Ҳ뷢ܷġ޸Ҳǲܵġ
𣿡С
ˣʶıеŮˣҡͷܡ
ǵģʱҪġ˲뿪Ļ
ӿŭͲʣսȭͷ¡
ԡЦʲôʱõͰͽɡ
ĺٴβ򽪼֣ȴ˻ȥ
Ů˱˵»ʱϢ
Ϻ£Զ
֪Ů˵ıĻУǲҪС
ֳǺ󣬼㣬мԥѡ
ҹϳ̨ڳȴٴμᶨ
˰ڲ
ÿΡǸӱˣ
ҹժ¥
һأҪǶģ


260 
ڶϸ˵͵
һʡ
Դȥ̳ǺѾûյôʽˡ͵һֻ¸,ն˾ͷˣûƽ,ֻ͹ģͶԵġ
u͵ԡġΪ׼ˣҪ͵ͷ,һʱ֪ϲʲôǾܸʵġ
ܷ͸ҡ
ﲻڶ࣬ڹ󣬶⡣
һȡ˱ˡȹ۲һ·κʹŴԹʹڼƽ
Ŵ͵κ,ɫĲǺ
Ȼ,רŸ׼ġ
ֲҪ֯Ҫ깦,ôܶʱõõ
κȢǽ£
κżλꣿڸռλҪһˣ
һĪǣ̫ܾκԤ֮ڵģ
ôһ,һж˳ˣ
κ̫۸ûм֮,̫ӡʵ϶ǽŮ,̫Ҳһ,̫Ѿ͸ˣκڶҲ΢ǡ
κ֮ɢԣ˵κһæء
˵һκ̫ڵΡ
ͷ¡
ǲǻڹҺ֧κǸʲôΣԥ̫صλӻȵ𣿡˵
˵ǵκ̫Ը𣿡
Ц±˵룬󵹽лȸ˱ˡ
룬κ¶Ѿ̫ܿˣ³ٴα̫أʱκ޳ѪκҲᡰơ̫̫ԱļԼӹȴᱻһٽ
κλ꣬ӦѾյס˰ɣ
תһ룬˵κʹǰ
ͷ
ֻҪһκǲʹʲôˣ֪κеȨжˡ
Ŵ˫ʮƵֵഺ껪κʶ˻κѧ꣬Ȼصⶼ̨Ŵ֪˼̫ӡ
ʱ̫ЩС̫ʱ·硣һʱ٩٩̸Ҳ²һ֣һˡ
Ҳǳ֮ģѧڼ䣬ԸصʿǳȤʱдûŷȥ·ƽҲҾǺ
һ·һСׯǡ񣬱һ·ڼ̨ϵĲ򣬶һСк
Ŵǵõʱͷŭ£ƫҪ˵صȻ磡
˵д죡
˾ųҹ⺢Ӹһͷһֻ
ȴ˵棬Ҳζ
ɱ١
ʱŴһ˲ԥ漴ЩԼ絨СѣһֱΪ֮ڿԶӡ
ڵŴ϶Ӧ¡
ʱʢֱС˵⣬ȴԵӵС
˵ҹǱլۡСҲסլԺǰʱŻ˯ء
ǰͶУСкĴϡ
ȵȻ󻩡ڽ˵ϲϲСͯ
ϴ˵ӵܣֶʶģø裬ʮעĿ
˵ϲֻͯϲȻ֣Ϊôѡ˺ܶԡ
һһ˵˴£˵˴ʵǺʦϽ˵غ񣬾˵ֻҪԼͻˣһֱ룬гԵģͲߣͻʱںӱס˵ĽŰȥ
һôûˣûиߵ̣ںӱ߽һͻ˶úܣ˻һܿҾͶˡ
ǣ˵Ҳûмˡ
ڣⶼŴһ£ƽʱ˻̸Ҳֵ
ԵκλǵһԼ֮ˣҲǵһǰԳ²Żκ·֮ˡ
ȻҲκŵˡ
κܶ£ȥ󳼵׺󣬾겻ĺѣٴʱոġ
ִ̫κͷöǰᡣһӣһĸסֻö£ϻȥĸӡ
̫ȻԽԽҡӣԾĸײТĸףֲԸۿĸ۸޶
ŴΪ󻹺˵̫ȴĿŵҪֶȨ֧κվһߡ
Ȼκ̫ް취Ǿֻˡ
Ȼǵڶ̫󣬵ʱЩųκһκ֧ţȨλԴκ̫ȨλǼ̳š
ʹǵɣҲ˲ôˡ
˭ϵ̫ɥĲ񵽺أ
ȻԴº̫ԾչŲټˣ̫ʧ٣κᡣ
Ŵϣܾκָ
³ŴİκλŴ˵ܴǹٹȥʱѾ̸ְܴҹʱܴڶ֪̾գζӦȢ³
ʱ̫ѾλøӼҡ
˶óκλҪԵһ⡣ãֻκܵӰ졣
Ŵ֪ܴΪκѡȢ³³ʤ󼸶ࣿ
ܴЦ࣬һ֡
ںδ
ġܴסĿ˵
Ŵ⣬ʲܴͲ϶˵ˣװ
ºŴ³ȴ˵ŭ³ϳǣڲ֪ĸС
ĹȻᱻܴڿޣ
ٻû˵˴ɣ
ɽʱգǵѾԩ޳£³ȴĻص̨
һ֣Ȼġ
ǵܴ졣ԭȻҲΪŮܼ޵κϧ
Ŵڿ֮¶ģһΪӭŮ
ͳ󲻹롣
Ǹ꣬˳
Ǹ꣬ǰ˲˰֡
겻֪ж٣ϡ
Ŵ﷢ࡣ
ѾеǸʲôӵˡ
ʱʱͼ޸˵ᡭŴҡͷŮˣļ޵κֻūṫڹҲǲܵģ֮Ҳ޹¡һ͹Ȼ빬飬Ͳޣˡ
Ŵ뵽ˣȻ̲סЦ
빬Ҳһ̨̤
̨鴫
ʹ̨ˣڸԣϢ̷𣬡ôȥδͷŭİ֣ˣڹи˿˽ȥˣ
̨һһֱ󹬵ǽº³֮Χš
̨߾أǧˮݺİˮ߻ͣǳ֧۰׵С
˵ˮͰȡˮЦ飬Եá
ժ¥ǲҪȥҵģһ߽ž֮ܿ£̨档
ߵýˣˮȵժ¥һˮĻʱǼʶⶼ̨Ϊ˾̾
ɶ칤
ժǹס
˵ϲժ¥һ㣬ȻĿյˡ̳һ㡣
˵ʧȥ֪ϧ̳ʱ븴ժ¥ˮĻ֪ٲӦѾΪˡ
ص㲻ǹ¥ڸߵ¥ҲˣƵأûԣǵʱ˭ģҲû֪ˡ
һٰѻش򿪣Ŵյ
ҪˣܲٱŶϼ
Ŵֽɡ߽ô¥澫Ȥʱص㶼ʣסϼ죬úøһ¡
Ͼժ¥ֻ̨У𴦿ûд¥
һ¥ʮ˸ֹ֣Ϊţ֣øոðոŴ񶼳ˡ
лмɻ󣬵ʱǽʱ
¹ڣȥϵĺ¥
¥ǹľӴ
棬Ҳǰһ
ʢȣйȻˬԵеġϣ̬ʲôľͲˣŴòײһȡ
Ϊûӣһ˫ѩô¶棬аСȡ
Ǹ˾ĶǵڡȾָף
Ŵһ
޸κѾˣ
޸κѲ
Ǵ⣬лҪ˵ġ
ôǵĴǿˣ
Ŵըˣſۿһ£Ȼ󡭡һ̧žͰǸڸȾָ׵߷ˡ
ʲôʱģ
Ŵһ㶣ʱ˼ĿǸꡣ
걻Ҳ紺Ц˵ڸղţ¥µùûǺġ
վ˻ðɣץԱߵѾ꣬Ӳָ˵ǸҴ
꺬Цӵӿʮʮ˾ţʮ꣬޲ڣЩһӵϣĴأЦŶԹҰɣ
ţŴ˵͵Һϲ
ŴӽЩӦæ񣬡ݼؿ⡣
ǱǸ껹ںûپŴݲݵͷ˵ҽ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ˣ
ŴãȻһ£ɴʱ˵ҪҲʣԱūֵû
ߣܹҲò˼˵ȥɡ
ã
Ŵĸˡ
̴ȥº
Ŵ³£³ʮΣÿζӡ
һȥ³
ô˵޵κȥ
Ĺ
Щɫ
Ƣֱͦġ
Ŵ̾ôδػϲ
û³Ϊڰ·ϣŮˡ
˵ڼҵżƼȣˡ
ŴûмҪȥ³˳ӵĸˡ
³͹ĺ֮䣬ǹռϷ硣
Ȩ
Ϣͻκ˰ɡ


261 Ů
Ҫʹ𣿡ʡ
ˡ̫, պáõԱԱǹڵԲ
κʹͷһҪע˾ƺжϰĹǹ³
Ҫʲôʡ
ʲôɰôûֳǣӦúúһ
ܿͿʼκʹʹͷʹˣΪ˺ͻȻĬȫҪ
ǡ
ԹҪ޸˭, ޵⡣ùޡ
ɱ˹
һҪ, Ǿͼ޸, һġŮʹֵɷ
ⲻǹ³ģܵºվڰѽȳ, ЦŰѴԭѧ
֪Ϊѹ޳ȥأ
ƺ˶Ϊժǹ³ΪʲôҪΪһŮһأ
֪Ҳڻ˽Լ, 깫ڽºҴ֮ǰ, ֪顪
˻ȽϺá
ʲôҪܾأ
˾ʡ鷳žͻô, һôǲȥġ
һΪ־Ҫ˳, ϲܵˡʱһΪá
ڵõʱˣѵҪΪܻһ⣬Źһǿ˵Ļ
Ҫ֪κѾԼ
ǿȥĹκκԶѡ
СǵժǹȥԻȥκһ³һǿѡ
ڹڣȨܻ³ֻɵȨôͶ³
ڵκԵУû빫һеŮԡκ̫Ѿ´Ҽˣˣɫ˥ԹƾĿɲǻۡĺֶǵĹ·硣
ò㣬ɿ֪ԸҲ·
ԣʵֻһùĸԸļ޳ȥ
֣ͣһʱҹҲҪп̨ĹܳȥҹϷ
ҹĴһȺӹܳڽ洫Ϸ˹ۿòˡߣŰ˷ų̨װ㳵ͻ
ЩŭҲˣǻؼҺ󲻵¶δ˼ǰ̨ԸΪ̴ӳ鹫ҡ
ֳ˵ЩЦá
˵ɣҲûˡһһ겻ӣٵʱߺ֮ˣᱻۡ
ʱ˵Цİ£һӼİ֮ˣԸ빫Ա㡣
˻ⲻǺܶ𣿿˵аˣͲˣ˵Ķû˵ģҲԸⱻԲû˱Թ
κ󣬵ҹһ
챾˾Ͷ࣬ڸ궼û֦չױͷֻŹǣǻعѡе굱Ȼǵ֮ӡ
ŮҲװ̴֮˾ֺߣң
һΣһŮô֮󣬾Ȼһ̴𣬴ڽһȦֽú÷ŮˣſھҪޣ
źˣôң
ŮʵڲԸкᣬ˵ԺҪˣҪңһҪ
ӣ᲻Ҫҵġ
ҹֵƣͶϣһ
Ů˵ܸܲң
˵
һֱȵŮԸſӲֱ뿪
ڵ˲æظϡ
ͷһ˵ڿءҪȢޣ᲻Ӧġ
ҡͷҴûҪȢޡǻͷֿһǸ类ΧŮӣǸŮǰ
ת뿪ˡ
ģڵǡ
ЩǵĿ˿ֿ˿ǰһ˵ǻˣ־õȡ
޷ϵİһУһ飬ٰ֮ʾõŮŮ
Ҳǵ飬ΪòܾĻΡ
ǵΣǲǵͼܱϲǸ˵ġ
ʱľܾԴԱ־塣
ЩڰĽˣڵõĻӦ֮󣬾ͻøڲһˡ
ǻ񽯱һҫĹߡ
һܲ˵ġ
ֵǹҲҫȴ
֪ҫǳĳĿģҫɫ
ҲڿЩ˽ΪͷɾԹ׵۶Ϻ÷ǳʹ죡
Խͽ˵ǻˣڼȥɡ
ûȥѰҽȴýȥһʺòãⷢ˽뽪һ𣬶ңҲˡ
Ҫģסժǹȥ
컳ʲôıˡڿ֮ǲٻˡ
Ϊȫ¶ڱһ˼ҳ˻ˣ
㲻סժǹҲժ¥ǴӣĹһʡ
Ǻ½ġ뿪꣬һķеԽԽֲˡ
Ҳ𣬡
ūҲ̫۸ϵĴӡûж´³Ӱ̫ˣڴûбĳһӵǰ£½ǼٵģҲҪúõڹġ
ԣĹеһĳлΪǵı
ǾסҸһЩˣͻȥȥ´ɨװαʱ
߽ȥ뽪ʡһȥ˸ȫͬˡ
Ȼ⣬ֵǶ׳ڹһ쵣ıɱ
ǿȽҪ곤ˡ
Ц£˭Ǹˣ
񿴵뽪ʵһ̲סˣʱΪЦصǵļ磬ȴһ仰˵ֻܵͷһεڵϡ
һʱоˡ
û˵ֻԽԽءٵĺ
ֱнŲл׷
ǽͽ˽Ÿ߽
ǣǵۿŽߵģȻҲԤеǿһμ棬ĵ֪ʧ٣ֵǶˣֻѶȫ֮󣬽ǶΪˡ
˻ֳǵ·ϡ
ڷûн֮ҲΪˣʣҲ𣬿ӱܰɣԡֻĬĬ̳Ǹ˸
˲֪ʱڳûþֻˣֻǱ̨̫ʱ䣬ֵı˷֡ͳ̨ʱǱ˶Ŀģֱ֪һԺֳе˲̨֪֮ǰʲôԴֳŵĶࡣ
˽ʺͽǣ뿪Ժ󷴵ĸˡ
ǳ˲ٿ
еζӳ¡ѵܺӦðԶһŻ𣿲Żܵĸ밮
֮ǰܵôϣܡ겻ܣһ䲻ʣƵģƴӡ
˼ý뿪úýǺͽϢһ
ϵźʣˣ
ҡͷ㲻ϸ⣬˵áˣҵ𣿡
˵ڽº
е鷳ˡ
ܰ˰𣿡ʡ
˵ҪЩ򣬵Ҳѡֻǹ˰˻Ҫͻȥ𣿡
ͷҪƲΪ˵õʲôϢ¡
˵취¶ţŰɡ
ȥͳ
ƳȥһľС
һһö赣һ֣ġ
ڿ飺ǵȡ𣿡Ϊȡô֣ŮӵѵøЩ
ѳɣҲиˡѴøϲϲ
Щ졣˽⹫빫ֻΣȻſֺ
ġ
ϲ
ģȡ赣񣬼ֵһɽֵï֣ܵҲˮ
ɽ֣ˮɽС
ġ
ûʲôá
˵ƺŮӵ֣ϸƷȴᡣ
Ԫȡ־ǸֱġϵŮ򡰽ϵĹַʽֱ׵ĸ߱ˣ͵ĺӡ
ʵΪʲôûķأǽԪĺӣô
Ԫıԣ־þĺӣҲжȰ
ϲʣϲ
ͷϲȻǹ⡭ˣкϢ𣿡Цʡ
ʵⲻʱŽӴµˣɾ̽ûһ˿Ϊá
ѵҪЩ˶ɱ
ɱ֮Ҫ˭ء
ǰҧһ£˵㲻УǾҰѷu
һʱ֮Ŀѡ
ȥɫٸһʱ䣬òҪʧ
ˣͲҰ¸߹㣿
˵ʲô˵𣿡ЦΪŭ𣿡
ᡣ
ޱȵ
ֻùϲڶһİѱ
һΪʲôҪأ֪ô𣿡
ǲģǡ˵һҪɱľ
ĺëˣ򽪼ĿеһȾ˾ɫ


262 
ΪԼ, ˵ĹϵУʼǽʱ˿֣һжˡ˱еĹߣһһѵ
ɱǾˣһҲɲˡ
ʱײǽһ򹨼ҶѾõˡҵ˷ɱ˽ҲûдҪӼ䵽Եȥ, ԺҪǵɫܵȥġڹ޷Ļ, ˵ݡ
޹
ȴںң˵, ڹ, һ̶
ܲɱ
һǵԼ͵͵߹㣬Ҳֻ·һ
ֻʣһ·ߣ˳ӹ, õ, Ψһ·
ȥŮ֮˿ǣϵֻʣ¡ֱ׵潻
δôѹ, Ϊ׾֪빫뻢ıƤ, ҲԸһΪնʵ̫ˡ
뿪ǰųԽ˵һ
ϲ֪ĸܰĵİ㱧ڻһӸ˯һŴϣ
ߺ󣬽ϱѡѡ
Ը˹Ȼû취Ҹʵȷʵÿһÿһ̶ڻơҴߵʱžǶǵȤ
ʵ֤ĴǵʵһΪͬҵͬУͬˣȫȴһʼûС
Ϊ֮Ĺϵٳһʱġ
ô˳
ǿ赣ȥղʱһ˼֣ҲԱ͵뵽סҼƼ
Ȼ⣬Ҳհ졣
ȻⶫȻôţҲȷʵ˺ޣǻ׼ãʱ˼һУҲû취ӦԣӺǰ԰ġ
һ赻᲻ᱻ͵ߣ취Ϊơ
䵽ˣ±⣬ֻżٸ˽ֳǡ
ÿصֳô£Ҳ޵ѹѾеıͽķʱûṨĻ
㵱ʱ;ôӲѱ뷨պسɴ󻼡
ɵʱֳѾûǣסˡ
˭ҲȥȻ²뽪֮϶Ϊȥߴý䲻ҪѱҲġ
뽪ֵܵĽڴߣͲһͬʱôˡرǽӽСıֶܻصȥˣýΪһжǽı
ڷǶŽ䣬Ϊ½ò׽ľӸߡ
ѾޣοһŮӣҲûǹ
ȥȻֻй
ڹУֻͻҲշˡ
ˣֱסժǹҲվɵģȥժǹʺ䣬ϯӷ硣
ϣ˻˵˵պпֻܹˡ
ϡҪ죿漴𣬡ǲҪȥ
Ǹʵˣ͹һԹˡٹ˽ѣԷ롢ҲŲԶĹϵûӶ
Ƕֳеκһ˶Ӷ
㻹Լȥź˽䡣
˵ȥˣǸùֺÿˡǹժǹȽġ
˵ĸŮˣҲǹĹˡǰͷͽ磬ûŮء
Ҳûǵڶȥ˷ңȻûͣãƺȴȥġ

㶼֪侹ȻŰݷҪ֪ʶ
ضǹ̵ģ
ǲʹκʹвѷu
ʽڡ
ʾȥһ˵˵ʮҹӹﱻ˸ϳˣͺܻ
㣺
ѲɣҪΪŮ͹ĸ鲻˳ԭ򣬻ҪٳǺϺ
ʣβֻҽô֪в⡣
ҡͷʲôݣôȥһСŮ
οѵ꣬ʲô»ŭѾðҪȥˣ˶
ܲù뽯˽ɣ
ҡҡͷͽСӣǲ£˵˼жϻ˵
Ӧ˿ڽǣǡһ
ֻҲ̫ˡ
ˣȥ˷ҡϵòuܿͻȥˡ
Ȼڶ˵uˡ
˵ȥ㲻ȥô˼ҷɾȥ
㣺
ˣҪһСŮͷ
˰ˣõͷʱҲ͵ȥ
ֻڽҹҪɴ̨ǵȷɳȥɣҪףܽйǣűߡ
uΪˣ˸ࡢ
˵ҲǷͷľ˾ˡ͸״߷ࡢЩ£ӦǵС¶û˵
׸߽ȺҲûж
ϣܵڳɺǳٵ֪£ǸáȻڻСʱ֪ǵĸ׳ƽȴһƽĽúһƽֵܣӰǵԡ
ǰҲǣֻÿţŷŶûˡ
Ų룬ǡ̫عˡ
˵ﶼϰףֵҲֻſһ
ֻøֳǣûֵܽȸ裬ԶٷûԣֵܳԷͲ̫ãɷҲԲ
ɴԺͲˡ
ڶεţӲϴ軻·棬Ȼ̫ȫˡ
ǹİɣ
uᵽˡ
ϻذΪý֣صֳǣҲٹ˼ɴ¡
u
˵Ҫ
uЩֱܳԡ
ƺЩԥǲңѹΪһ⼸գ˵Ȼ⼸궼ûˣ𣿡
uһʱëȻ
ڰʾºһʬѵĴ𣿣
ϸûټˡ
ҲǸŵģòʱʱЩ仯Ҳ֮С
ģǴʲôʱ򡭡ѵѾ˼
жʱҳһţֲ²ͨͨߡ
ڵĻػֱΣ͵ݡ롣
Ҫúˡ
һγ֮³ҪŲסˡ


263 
ڴ, uѴҳʲô羴
þһڸϣ˵ˡ
µĴǻһĹ
˵еӢΰ֮ûеġ
Ҳʧȥ˶Դڴ֮顣֮ǰйҵΣڱ㼷̨󣬲ò˵ЩĻˡ
ܾô, һҪһŻ֡
˵, ֱ뿪̨Щ겻ᡣ
˼, ͷ, ˡ
uŴӳ̵ڳԵСͯǰס·ӻ, , ݼ壬ȥ衣
·, ǵӪߵСͯ, ڷӪǰΪˡ
Ӫ󣬷·ȴڷңǱŰԼһˡ
СڷҳȻҲǱӪֽ̹ģʫնһЩûʮ֮⣬uʵԷģ͵ÿӪʱҪӪ㡣
Ӵˣ·ÿ궼ʱ
·ˣuæݣȻڿУࡣ
ͷ඼֪·ĳҲû˰ѷ·ˣǶΪ·ǼС塣
uҲǺСܻˣζסհɡ
ͷ˳ȥ·תԷu˵ҽߡ
uæôҪߣ
Ҿ㡣·Į
ܵ˵ǳʲô뷨ѷӪϳȥģǾǰѷӪӳȥˣӪÿһ˶Ρ
Ϊ˼Ӫٻط
uסֻø׼Щ̲Ҫˡ
·ҡͷұˣòˡ
Ǵ󲮸ĶӣҲҵֵܡu˵
·Ĭ
Ҳû취ȥʹ޷˵ԭ򡣲ֹΪǷӪѪףΪİӪ˵ĺӣӪӣ˷һԱ
uĬһ£ֳ̾Ƕм£ұȥһ¡
·ʣʲô£Σգ
uи⡣
뿪̨ʱ֪ô£оһɺⲻͣӿ
˼ǰöҲ𰸡ڿ·ʱѷͷֵˣֳһ÷·ߡ
ֻһʲô⣬ٷһһѪ
벻ΣԺη
ǹժ¥˵Ļǲ²⣬ڻص̨ʲôȴҪֽҿ
Ļ
һ뵽ëֱգȴ䡣
Ǵ˼ꣿʲôʱģ˭ȵȣⶼҪҪǾȻûз֣Ȼ֪
ǻΪǧˡ
㣬һӲ
uҹһ۵ĳӹҺŽȥ㡣
ʰ򣺡Ƿɣ
ǡ˵
ҹǰҪܼ㣬Ҫң߲ˡ
ô֣أȥ̨֮
⻳ʲôҪ£Ƶ÷һ̶Ȳãò
˶صߣƶϨˡ
ȥհˣһƬڡ
ȥuϤ·ײǽߴ·ԾǷɵҲС͸ˡ
ǳԹĿģȻҲ£
֪ͷɶһˣǲôֻӮȡ
ʲô֮磿
ҪɱˣҲȥᣬǰۣˡ
ֻԼһյƣ˽ʱäϵĿֶ飬˵һвŻˣ飬ûǮͣΪʡǮִ֮ͳһַ֮١
ŲеӭɣΥˡ
һuɫ֪²֪ʲôҲȲá
ŷuһͬϣյ˳ȥˣſڡ
봰ţҹĲʲôĳĴ˷ֵúܡ
ѵƴϨˡ
¹սˣҲܿ˴ˡ
ʣ½Ǿ壿
uֱʣĺдɰȻ
㲻⣬˻Ӻ˵𣿡
Ҳɵӣ֮һƷζͽˡ֡
ɷuʵģ﷭һҲ¶ֺ
ǵǣͬΣ
uҡͷ̾ƣĺҲġʣģӦ֮
Ҳ˵ʵõӦ֮ȥ
̨Ǹٴô죿
Ǿȥ
룬¶棬ػֻ䲻еֻнѡ
ǴҪˣҲûʲôϡĲ
³ʲôΣ
ûа
Ѿһˣһ³úõģˣҲúõģ֮ˣˣ³Ҳû£
Ǿôȥһֱôȥ
ܽǳʲôĿģռĹҲãǾȨҲãѡݵúܺãˡ
ǰǲ֪֪ˣԸｪ貹һֱ뿪Ϊֹ
uĿɿڴ
쿪Ҫվסչ黹ҪֵģȥҲչᱻ˷ֵģ
˭֣ᷢȻ˵𣿡
ڸղţ뵽ˣֻйһͷ˴£Ȼ˷u
ʲô֪Ϊʲôѡu
ΪˣһڵġԼҲŹ壬ǵУʼնйڡ
Էuһ֪£һ취֤źò
ֱʹıôǶԵġֱûƹһu١֪ͨҪá
ٿڷuҲ֪ķϣΪù⣬ҪùĶǱߵҲֱýѻǹпľ֮
ھ֮ǷuҲ֪ˡ
Ȳ˵˵ֻ˵Ҵ¶³кκô
ûС
uҪϣڡ⼸꣬³ʵǺƽܰ顣
һҴĻǲˣҪТɣضҪԴТˣ³ʷصǾꡣһȽԪõĴ
ʵûġΪˣ˼룬Ը˵Ļ
ԣʲôأȻҪϸϸΪϡ
μֻһҾϥǶûһµġ
֪ô˸ŪģԼ߽ժ¥ġ
ҹһ
һԸ׸һ裬Ө˱ǡ
ãӹˣʡ
Ƶӷ£Թƴӡ

ôֱ׺
ˡǸгõĴҩǹ
ŵѾˣһɱģƼҩ
ǻͦġ
еЦ
ƣǸء
ҲǸʲôˡ
Ҳֱˣм£
˵ƺ˳ӡ
Ȼһͱֵˣ̬ȴˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôǿ̸ġ
Σ
⣬İٱٿڣ
̫ˡ˵
ˡ
ҵȲôá˵
ƿٿҩ꣬ɫѹͣ˵ҩվãŻٳ¡
ʵˡ
̫á
ϣ֡
Ʋǵһ£Ȼ֣ôģǮȻҲ֣Ǯ
ǸӣǸ
˾Ǻ⣿Ʋ⡣ɵ׵ҲܼλľԼ׵ֵµźðֵܾͲôˡ
֪˿ǲеģʾȥ濴һۡһ˾ͻˡ
ƿкһЩһСЩ
ǽʰҲߣҪúܺá֪˭
ҵĵܵܡûֳ˵
ĿŹŮҰĲС
ƵԸΪߡؿ³סˡ


264 
է
, ʹգֳǵ˻Ǹоһ˿⡣
紵һ㼦Ƥ񣬵ȵ̫һ㣬ϻôҺ޲ܶ¡ˡ
ౣһͨ磬̾˰Ŵ¹غãǰ
𣿡Ц, е㷢ˡ
Ǻ棺Ͻ̹ұ֢, ȴԵĿһ, ٴ
ҡͷˡ
ڵĴƭӻһϵͳġ
ΪϵͳҽѧûзչҴ붼ѧɲ, ڹڻĥԼļڻùˣԼҲܽ, žܳһҽˡ
ǰһЦ, һκһ֢ˣ˷ǳм, ôκõ, ΪǳĴǶû취˵ˣ˵˾ʵҲ֪һζҩκõġ
ʵǾʵ
ڴҽ̫࣬Ϊ˱˺ҲΪ˱֤ԼȫڵĴ޲óϹ¹򣬹ؼʱ̣һҪ˵Ҫܡβķ᲻Ҫβ˵ķһҪǼ
ɲԼȥڴҽ
ɡŵù
ҲȷʵܽţɫͷְǿƤܵ⣬˰ֻ
ȥʲôˣ
һʵ棺ȥ˿ҹҺ

СƳ࣬١˵죬۾Щˮס
ʣµ˶ú棬һ̫ζ
ˣ̫ˣҲ̫á
еϻȻеˣһ𷢳֢ð
ýȸˮԣȥЩаźȡ
Ǹúȵ㻨ˮˮ𣿡ʡ
ǶԵģڲáðˣһݡ
а׸ºЩЧҲζܹϲ
һ˷۵ûŴаס
˿˿ġ
ΪˣϾûԱȵ࣬һھͳ˴ζҲС
ôһڣʱûôˣҲ̫࣬ʱ̫һȦһֱӽ̼ŮĦһ˯
һۣѾ͸ˡ
߽׼ٺһͼ˯˵ºĵƣϨһ롣
ˡ
ʲôʱͽԪȥûпǺáȣͷuûΣҲûиϵֳǣؼҡûгɹӵ֪
ͨѶĵطĲˣϢܼʱЧĴݣܱ
ƺʹĴӦͽԪµҲֻһҪҪԱ߿š
ҪۿŽԪһ
档ԪʱûˣûԵĶﷴӦΪºҪһЩ̵湤ʬ̫ѿܲİš
ȫӦˡ
ʱá˲ţ
ڴʱõġѾ˥ϣֻһ֮꣬һѧΪáʮ꣬ƶѱ˳Ҳô򵥾ʹ
˵ƺҩʱϨºһĵΪźš
ҹһֱ˯š
ֱ߷ǰףĬķԡ¡ᷢѬ㡣
ûгԷΪöġ
һԵĶĲ޷ѡ
ɱˣԶʹ죬˺
ɱôԵһꣿ
Ҫ𡣻֪˭
𰲸ߵꡣ
ı
֮⣬ϻǵˣлΪԪϲ
䡢ȡ

ǰº·ϡ
ǰûˣҲûˡ
ǰǰûˡԽƿţȻšǰյģһ˶
ǰ߹ȣŻȴ߽ͥе
Ȼûˡ
Ʊĸܸɡѽº˶ˡ
Խ˵ȥҳ˶ȷǲܳ¡
ˡ
ߡ
޵ǽԪסĵط˶еǰ￴Ѿкܶûʹùˡ
ͥԺ޵
ժ¥Щķҡ
ҵʣĶԹṆ֪̀Ķһ࡭
һʱͱ˽ˣкܶҪȥ졣ȻһڣԼ˱ߵĸо
ʵ뽪Ƕǹˡ
꣬ѵûм
Ϊǲߵġ
ûбԹ֪ͨĽʲô˵һֱǣȥɣ
Ѿ֪ԼñԹǹñֵòá
û취ֺð
Ǹ̡
֪ΪʲôСһסһƽʱ˶йʱ򣬾¡
ҽǶԸϲ̡
ĻǶģᱳ飡д֣
û뵽ôСӶĶȴһ㶼ᡣ
һڣҪʱӦȥѧġ
ʰοôϲġ
ǰ仰һ˵ľͷˡ
ܸоȷʵϲġ
ܲϲˣʲôҲû˵ͽƤߵʱ򣬹Ҳ˳ˡ
ǰ̨˶ӶؤһĴ͵ʳҲûԸṩһ֮
ˣȫȻĽǡ
˵Ҳƽʱһ¹˵ˣһҩ
תӣǡȥҹˡ
Ҳһ㣬ýϲ
ڹĴ͵Ѿ˱ܣȥ֪
¶˵İܵе㺦ߣ̫֪
ȳɹ֮󡭡ͽú֮һ
ɹҪȥ
ûȥĻŵ¡
ĬĬĵţһᣬ˶ڵʱٳȥ˵仰
Ĭ顣
㣬˵ˣ
ºʱеţæȥ
˵Ϊ˼޵ȥô͹Ϻãýϲ
ȻȥǾͿҲˡ
һߡ
֪ԸԸ⡭
֪ɵĴ߽뽪ǣȴѴ
Ȼ̫Եʣ֪ǴΨһĶӡȻΨһģǾӦò߰ɣ
͹ĸ֮߻׳ɹ
ºʱµȥ
ǵôʲô֪⡣ԽҲǡ
İԶŮͲѽ͵ȥڹ͵ʳ
ȥ᲻£
ǵĸȥڿǰ֮ǰ͵ʳʱĴͨͨɵ˽ȥ
޵ŴգеӶˣл谵ŵơ
߽ȥơ
ūأʡ
ƵѾˣʱ԰ߡ
ͽ϶꣬·Сû
˵ͷȥˡ
ǰ
һãɢŶĵҩζڴ죬ƴŬɺ˵̫ˣŬҲ㹻ĿҪһΣͣһϢټһΡ
ܿ𣿻˵𣿡ʡ
ͷ̧β˵ܿˣֻҪѣҲ˵ҽС
ŶǾͱ˵ˡ˵
ʹʹ죬
Ծǰһ˽Ԫĺ̾ͱüˣۣͿͷһ˿ƹ죬ԺͷҶ
أأʼ
ֽһ屾ʯͷһһںҩ֮Ǻģ죬Ǳģû˿
ŤͷǰӰ
أΪūæ˲ūҲҪһ
̿ǸŮˣŮˡ

ŮûڵòӭŹģܿú
ǸöŮˣû
˭
ȵĴӽԪпãȻ
찡Ͳǵˡ
Ǽǵõģ벻ˡ
ͻȻʧȥ˶Ȥ
Ҫãơ
ƣ˶졣ɫô֮ǰһн
ˡͨխڣţ淢ʲôֻ棬һˣһˡ
˵Ļ
Ǵ
Ҫʹһɱһ
˭
Ϊ͹ѵ͹һ
ֻϰ߲һһ
֪ȥ˶ãĽŶˣû֪ˣ
ɫѪϼա
Ԫղţһ
ĻҪܳһ㣬ŵ
֮ǰѾ˭ˣһŭȫ˫б¶
һֱúܺ棬־Ȼ
ΪԼд
ıǶ𱨡
⺰ū
ūϽˡ
ūղһֱڵ⣬֪зʲôڿʱ
档
Ǵʲô³Զ׼ˡ
ĲߣϵĴһѾˡ
վڹࡣ
û˭
Ψй
Ҫʲôʡ
ϡѵΪĴѹ𣿡
ūЦһ죬ע𣿡ûɱһĻʲôϡģ
ңҪȥ˵Ըǡ
ΪǺõġ
Ǵ֮ǰΨһĽܹʲô벻İ
οȴշ
ֻǾãɱɱ㡣أߴ֮
ūһ㶣ͷͱòӣ¶Ҫ
˫˫ŽԱں
޷
Ź߽óذ
Ѿùˡ
仰͸оһ
治أľ
Ѫ
վһ࣬ûб
֮ǰѾҪôˡ
֮ǰū˽鷿ʱʧȥһֻ۾Σ
һˣҪǾУ֪Ҫ£˱ܽܣ̵ġǽҪҪȰ˳
ǣû̹ңŮҲҪ
潥
ֵ˺һһƬ֮͵͵ߡ
صժ¥ǵĬҽʱûиˡ
㵽ȥˣͻˡ˵ס֣һ䡣
ҪȥҴ֡԰׵۾ɵִԲ񾪾ӣժǹȥҴ֡
СԽ˵֪ժ¥ЩС뿪̨벻ȥ
ʱΪ϶Ը⣬Ըˣһ̲ȣʹܵȥˡ
ȽߺԽ˵û˿ӡ
ȴժ¥
ôɣڽº±ˡ
Ժûʲô
˵á
ΪηǱȰ̵һָ顣ᱳ㰮ˣȴᱳ־ˡ


265 ϧ
ԪСĴڽºı
ū򱻴Ƿڳ, ͵˳ҷظڣݲݵˡ
ȻӸλûм塣ǽϼӣû֣ɴգڹǹѾڱˡ
ʬ, ûйᴦ, ֻ͵ҷظˡ
֮, ̨һ糣
˵
ºԭ̺ˡŮȫԭ, ǱҲûмνԪԪ̺һֱūģưԪŻôס
ūʧ֮, ýȥ, ǹˣ˺͹Ůû˿ͽǵ¹ܼҡ
ⶼūĸ, ĵ, ̨˺͹Ůȫ˲ʡ࿴ġϰߡ
ýӹܽº˺ܶࡣ
Ȼڳ𣿡ʡ
֮ȴľǽȥ֪ȥͲסڹˣסڹ⣬˵Ǳһۡ檺ͶŮ
ɱȽһŲȱʷʦУ䱸ȫúܡ
⵱Ȼġߡ͸ģͬߵֺ֧Ͱ£еūŸɡ
֮Ҫ뿪̨ΪѾǧʿˡ
ǾūʿбľͨһҼʿı飬ƼѧԨԴ
˼Ҷͨգжкдլ˹ܼҡū
ǵӵҲǴС飬ʫնѧϰܾ񣬽ˡ
ͶһԴƥ¡е˻ԼСҲľūЩūգǿΪūΪ׬ǮֻҪʿƽĴؼȥٵһǮƽʱʿɨϴµһЩֻսʱỤʿԣԹžҪҪʱҲԥ
ľȣеֻܵūˡ
ԭҪϮϸһ뻹ͦġΪ𵱹˵浶ǹȥƴûе㱾£ôҽǳԭʼĹŴһδεĵˡأһᴩˣų̂޾ҡ
ܻؼҵĶָ֡
ƽʱҪľٲ̫࣬̽󣬴ʿᱻͻؼ硣ܷٷ͸Ǯ
һĲƸӦսʿ
ʿ˶ҡͷֱܵ𣿡
ܵ˹ܲ˲Ҫܹܵ˾ˡ
˵ˣ˼еĿܶѡ
˵ȰѽԺֻȥһôСԶһ
˵һС壬ͭҡ
ҷͭӺܾǰͭһĴաȻͭӪȴȻв̫ͭء
̫ͭǴģǴĹԱûǹҲԶѡͭһʶû˵̫ͭء
ͭǴͭͭ˵ͭ
˺֮ܶ󣬷⡣ǣǺԶİѼӵ͵ֳǡ
˵Ŭֳ˸
ֳȻֻһˣƽʱֱһ˵Ķҵ˭֪˵ϲʶʲô٣ʲôǸġ
ͭй죬ֳǺŷҲһС򽡣
һֱͼøߵĵλ
ͨʦֶҲֳǵСռһϯ֮أҲֻܸԡЩͷ浱С࣬ǵ˵ǲ¡
ڴýΪµİա
Դӷٰѽֵ֮ܿҲ𾴽ˡ
ڴʮߴ֧ͭϼңֳܶǵ˵ҵϵֳÿһֶǼ֧һ֧ģܶǰֳǸ꣬Ҳǵ
ּҲǵڵһµĻ
һʼӴ˲ˣµһӣȽȢС㣬Ϊ檣ס͵լԺҵġ׾ٵľǧͳܲɷֵһԱ
һ˵ҲǹŵС˵СӵôС¼޵ĻʲôˣͿȫͶˡ
ҲΪ˵˽Ҫκ¡
ڸͲˣ޲˸ʲôϵ޵κҲﲻæ
ϺһȰŽԪ
Цˣⲻ
˵Ѿ˻ؾˡ
ڽºǰ˱Ÿ
һ͸ˡ˵
Ҫ𣿡ʡ
ȥ˵
ǽ˹ϣ֮ͱµ˿Ϳͳ˹ڶʱŶȥˡ
ѾܾûܹˣŭĻ˼ҡ˵ˣæŽøĺȰ˵֮Ҳæǣ
纣ܿˡ
⵽ŴӭӣľʦҲǽ̵Ҳߣ纣ʦǰһҾ潪ڵ˾ͺãΪҼ˽ǣ
ǣǡ纣Ц˵֮ǰסժ·ϵĽҲûأ˵Ҳȥˣÿضȥ
Ҳûȥ
һӾͷˣֻҪǴҪˣĿؽ˾С
ժǹµѾιˣȻָϽĻǧƪһɣ˵ڹһжãصģڳƸӣʱܼ棬ٶȼ졣
Ѿ˿һˣڶûܽ˲֪ǲǹģǲϷȥ
˸⣬ΪƶǿҲժǹų̂⼸ؾʹŽ¹ȥۿŽ½ȥȥ˵̵棬ҪϿء
룬ʱҪƺͶǿȥҲ
³˵ڲŸϿΣʱ˵
ҲУҲֻͨü
ɣŽҲʩչһƺһнζá
ͬҲܲԶǿ˵ôְǷأ
ǿ֪£Ҹ߶ƣֻ˵㰲ĵȴд㡣
ֻȹУĿǰûʲôˣ⽹̻ûֻ˸ףĻʱ䣬ⲻ˵
ֲܼ䣬ע⵽ֻժ¥ҹϸ衣˳⣬뿴ҵ͵ô
ڹ󣬵ҲȷʵһЩŬɾ֪ǷuǽһûţṨˡ
ŰݼˣuƲֱӲᣬǱ߿ͿģȴҲû¡
ҡҲ޲ߡ
֪ǸʲôλˡǰͲԽϱֻԱҡġڹ޵Ĵ£ұ˵ȨȨûС
˵ȥκʹʹûԱŸ֮κʹʹ޶֪˼û¡
ڡˣ
ٶŽˣȻڶ죬¾ˣҽ䣬ͽһȥκͼޣ˹Ҳ¶¶⡣
ɢΪҪԶʳ˴һܣЩ֡
ѧЩգ糤ذס˵俴óذײ򵥣ȴǺźɵĹ򡣡
ǰɱĹ򡣡
Щ⣬Ͳ֪ԭɱʵҲָˣڴһ˽ŽĻذиһֶͨΪݡ
룬£ߴ磬භ
¸߸˵Ļȥˣԭ˽䣬ǶЩƽʱҲպ˼ʱһȺֲŶԡ
ⲻĽһɨˡĬΣȻˣͿȥԸǰɡ
ժ¥СʣǹҪü𣿡
вáº춹һĥɷۣⲻһһգҪնݳܷһ
Сʯĥĥ춹˵ɡ
ҡͷ
֮󣬴ûɹֻĥ⼸£Ķʼ췢ˡ
һҩҪȥΪҪһÿϧȥ
ͬΪı
෴Щϲһлдϣˡһ֪ʲôʲôȻĵˣ᲻ϧһдۣȡ

ԣ
ң߷·˻ˣu
u̾˾ͺáߵǰ紵֦ҡҰڡ
һŮվʣʣﲻڣ
uҡͷڣȥѰɡ
ŮɫþҴȥˡ
ɽ¥


266 
磬ֳǵĳҵطȥˡͷ,ǵ,صˣǽİҪôϸ,Ҫô͵ȵʱڳסһ
ʱ,һʮֺƳ,ϸŲϯ̵ĺźӽˡ
һͲˮ,ͷŵһСƤ⻬,ȻһЩ,üĿ,ҹӡڳ,ֱͦ,ųһһ,Ϊˡ
ǴˣûǮ,ƽʱͿ͵ӡֳɵС,ȥһѣҲ
ǾΧȥˡ
һȥ⳵ʱͣˣСȴͷϻЩ֮ɫƺʡôͣˣ
źЦ֣һͣȥһͣȥͣﲻǶ·𣿡
ƳĴֺæٰѳ̧͵ǰһơϵСһûȾˤˣԱһýĳӴһǰãʱֻ־Ͳʵ§ºôȵ
ǸкˣˣԽۡ
ĳЦ⳵ûֲȡ
һؽˣ
·ߵк٣ʱ״ҲЦ
㻳ŸҡأһкбƣһײӴӴĽУеǽһǡ
һ˺ҿȥʹʹˣɤӣܱҲ᲻齣
һȺĶӣʱǰʲôˣʱŭڣ
ֳǣҪ
ͻȻ˴ݳһѣƵ̧ͷͼ̵ǰɤλүүСöǼĹϣ͸λүүһСӰɡ
ϣһǰҿϵĲϯһſ˶Ƥ϶ѵġ
ⶼˣôϣ˭򰡣˽Ķϼˡ
̾С֮ǰɽˤȣ˹ʱⶼԼﳤģúܣ͹ǮҲǺõġ
ȻϷҲ˵ǻˣһһյģһϣҲʮǮи˸⣺ˣѹϳƵժ·ȥ˵ˡ
ۣǹ𣿡
Цˣ֪ɣȥȥػĹϣ㼸Ǯʱ˵ֻܸؼء
ҾŽŹϳˡ
ǻȥժ·ժǹȻţǵ˽⡣ĹϳЦضҹġ
ϣСָָ̨ͯأղڴˡ
̾Ǯˡ
תһȦ̾Ҫ˳ժ·ˣæס㲻˵Ҫһؼ𣿡
Цѵ˴˴СԲʶţ˵˦֣Լȥɡ
׷ϵȰңҼоɣβͬȥ
̤أȥˡҡͷ
󣬽ǲϣЩҪˣСķŽ̴ˡ
Ұ׺ǣ٣ٵĽͿȥЩɱ˷Ż£֮ϲ̲ס˸ؼңҲһѸԼܻλȥضҪԿͷġ
뵽ˣ̾˿
źŽǵıӰһֱĳ˳ǲתؽҡ
ˡΰͷɣ˶ˣ
ΰ⼸ѾԽԽˣһһƤڹͷϡͷҲˣץһ٣ֲüٷ˹ͷñӡ
˶ΪҪرǹ㣬ڻţйѣֱϲ
ΰ⻰ЦŶơ
ͷʹĴźǵ
ΰپЩҲڰȫڸֵطһ㶼ܲãպҲˣڼҲԺȣȥɡ
Ҳ˵ĻҪǽʢĶӣΰŲɾǽʢΨһѪΰҲô˵㲻ʢ
ΰ̽طǣΰȻһ٣ȴѸһ˿ϣ
ʱͷصĿڵϣתȥˡ
ΰסˣ
ղŲ¶ʹ֮ɫһǰŶϵʱҲŸոãߵʱЩСģţͱΰˡ
һתͷЩСˡ
˾ΰʡ
ûǻԼӻֳǣˣû˾ǾԻزġ
ʱˣɣר
ƺǼľˣн̡
ڸ˽̣ΰȻǵỵ́һʼշ̵˾Ҳѽ͸˴
ǰϸ
һһʮ˵ˣĽΰеĻɵǽˣе㲻ˣȥѰһˣʮΪ׵һϺ
˵Ľ˵ġ
ǿװġΰһҪôѾ˳ǣҪô˻ֳܷɼȥ̺̿
Ӧȥ
үүΪҶ
ֻ̫áΰЦýȥˡ
˰գ˾ͰϢͻˡÿȥʳ٣ûˣмнŵȥֻǷֲǲǽˡ
ȥ˼ѳѿ˵ʱʹŵˣֳˡ
Ѿȥ׷ˣֻ׷ЩˣҪδã
ץΰ
֪ǲйǻǷƤ¿ŵĺá
գ̾ͱ˽ң˽ҵ
ΰ˽̼Ű춼ɵƤɫݻƣ۾ôڴ£ϻ
ΰϣ˹ơ⡣
֪̾ýҵСҲʡһܡ
ΰЦž⵽ǰιһ̣ιʹŲ룿
̺ĺ˾ƣŽΰҶˣ㻹ҪץҪǵʱˣ㻹ɱңˣ¶ࡣ
ΰЦţûаѽץţ˻һ
Ц̣ҪлҵҶΨһµѪˡ
Ƥ۵ɨһۣ֪ΪΪʲôҪ
ΰֽ̾ȥϵӡ
ҪߣΰסȻˣöٷҽ˰ĻƸųҲдһ١
̶סţת£Ȱѽΰǰһùˡ
ΰ۵ֱ飬ѽ˺þõģôҲһڣ
¶ɱҡ̵
ΰЦϲˣȻһ̳һڣƵǰֻԹĵطԣһڲЦ겻ˣ
һû̵
⼸ΰʡĴȥ̵
βֳΰʣʶõḶ̌ɲǸҰ֮ˡ
ֿһۣɱġ
ΰ̾ЦҲû
̲˵ˡ
ΰʣҪ
ҡͷҪ㡣
Ҫ˭ΰʡ
δ䣬Ѿֱΰʺ
ΰѾͷȴһһſ˫һߣѰ߿ס˽̡
Ա߰ŵĵȥһͷʱ˳
ȥץӣǽ̴ץס½ʽһֱֻۺסĲӡ
ΰ֪Լǽ̵Ķ֣Ҳ˽⽹̣ĺôɱ˷ǳɴࡣ
ֻûϵĸڴʱ֡
һ룬ûбڸõʱˡ
ΰȺȼӺＷ֣˭˭
˵ժǹȻ첲һþֻǵһ죬ΰѾɴ˫ۣ̱֫ˡ
ˡ
̰ѽΰźãϣվǰһתȥ
ղô󶯾ûѾˡ
Զ̨
uѾˡ
һգΪ˵ˣûȥܹ㱻ˣŴҴǰ
֮ͱ첻Ӧеز顣
ֻʳˮȴ

Ϊصĵطǽº
ڴˣôҹ
ǴգҲ
ֻ˵ˣ±˷
ֻѾ⵽ˡ
ǹأҲûȥҲڲڴ˵أڣΪʲôû
ºȴҲȥ
ǹס
ɹΪʲôأ
һˣϣ˿
ʣҪζɣ
ŬǰվһŮɫ£Űس̴ӡ
Źķ
ҪŬ˵ңΪǡ·
תǰʣȴҪΪ飿
̾ЦһҼȱβΪһ
һε˵ܵġҶ
ͽн߳ҪҲһ
衣һˣùū͡ҡͷ
ˮԾĽºˣ÷u
ҪѾûеˡ
Ѿû·ˡһ˵Ƕ֪֮ԲϳسɣǷҾͻˡңңȴվ
ʱôãͬĸͬԳλ뽪ʼλʵ
Ůӣֳ
uڵ֪ͼ֮󻹱ֳĬǾͲǷˣҲǷuˡ
ԣuվ
Ȼ֪ղɱպ˻ǻ᲻ݣֺαض໨һʱ䣬˷ľأ
㲻Ȱˣ۾Ửա
ȹȥuʱڡ
˵ڿʲôأڿҹ֮𣿡
Ѿ˰ɣչȥڳʲôˣ
ǹҡŮ˵
۾תͷƽĶ˵ǽҡ
һս
һִδйĸоϮͷ΢΢˵㣬Ҳˣ롢𣿡
ŻֱһĨϸӰ
ִ֮ôʣޡ
ٹⲽֳǡŮ˵
Σڡ㾹Ȼ˵Լ£΢΢ͷһտɲ
СŮ
ŲסϣʹҧסңҲ㵱á
Ҳֻҡʵ
㹻ˡ˵
ҡͷⲻ
βʡ
϶ֻϣסֳǡ
ֳҺֹټңⲺͶҾԵֲ
ȻҪˡ
˸ֻô£㻰䣬׹
û򷴶ҡȻ
³ô죿ʡ
ұ֡Ц
˴Ůһۣٴαۡ
ȴŮɻ𣿡
Ȼ᲻ã
Ϊʲôȴɱ˷ɡ
ΪȡȥҪȰæ򶨸ոʧȥ³
ȴų潪ϳٰ³
ɡ
ỽŴǰ·ڽϾһƳ֮䣬ڽɡ
ôô


267 
վڽº¶̨ܿŵĹ,صһ³վܿĹɡ
վ¶̨ϣ˵ٽ䡢빬ݡ
ȥ
纣⼸켸ס˽Ľϡ
ܲӵܸ潪ȥժǹͼޣ;ӵܲһԾϣΪ̨һеٮٮߡ
Ǵһӵܶǰ¶¶̫үȥء
ܴܲôһȺȥҪûܼȥ
纣,Ҳûãǽ伸ֳ,Ҳѡ֪,Ů޸á
Ҳ١
纣˵潪ýϵһŮ޸,Цű֤˵Ȼ,ӣﵱȻΪء
Ȼ̫ԸٴҲҰŮ޸󣬶ûôˡ
纣檵ַȰ˵,ҲòӦ
ã纣̿ؽǣĿԶһԽеĲͽûˡ
ʱ,ĹܼҺͳʷһܽ,ŲҴңҪŵ˶Ƶһԣ˵˺ڣ죡ټ
ҪңһԾ
ʷţֹ㣬˽ԣүһҪȥܱǰͷ
ǰҺΪͲ֪ѡˣһΧ˶̬Ҳһˡͷ֮Ǻİá
Ӳô
纣ⱲӶųֹ̂汲Ҳûҽȥ
һ˻̴Ůˣڽȥ·
ǽ֣үӸȡģָľǧԣ˵ʱǰǧԵģǶԽеھζŽպƼֱϾжף֮ɥ
ֶʶүӵĻ˵ȥˡ
ʱҴ٣ںø£·֮ﶼСͯŮұһͨæ֮󣬲纣ʷһ˵Ĵӵ³̨ȥ
纣ˣͨͨҲ˵ڽº
ʷ̾ϣүܿһЩ
˹ſڣ⽣ʹ䵽ûУϵͷ󽫾սȥЩɡ
࣬Աӽ֮£°ڣ첽º
ֱĹһڷɱ¶̨Ͽ
ȴ¶̨ϵپʮż̨Ҫء
˵۳󳼵Ĺ̨оŰپʮŽף֪ЩϳʱЩ̨Ҫʱ䣿ȥ˻˵
תȥ˵Ƚ˾͹ȥţ͵ӣס졣
Ӧ£û˽Ӧðͷˡֳ·ҲǸϾǧˣڳҲһɲС鷳
˵ȵָ
պշңҪ
Ӧȥˡ
صϣ۾ĬĬȴ
ȥժ¥
֪Ǵټһȥժ¥
ͻȻӿԱİˣ纣û
ټʱһأͲеġ׶ˡ
֪
ǻȥ
ߵһˡߵԽԽ١
ǰȴ벻ĸʲôʱʼøӵˡ
ǰ£̫ңԶˡ
ء
㱼䣬ϤĽŲ
ۣȴԼڲ׺¥İĹڡ
Թڿˣ棬ԼֱСĸо
ŲͻȻɵͣڲԶ
̧ͷ˽䡣
硣˵
ɫŵò԰ףժ¥˵ڽºѾڽºüˡ
溦´ѽҪ
ĵܣһ߻ԼΪʲô㴳һһϷŽͻȥ˴ֳפҲȫһ̨ܴѽȳ
ȴϣΧտһ˶ûС
׶ƽ£һӷҪȥҪҪ̳ǣ
ס֣ƿ˻ȥ硣
Լİˡ
㲻õģû¡˵һ仰ȴͻȻĺɬѾѽԪɱˡ
һ˲ãȻ
Ԫ̫ңԶˣңԶİˣȻǴδ
ˡ
һ˲䣬˰벽ŵȻŵָߣߣ
ۿЩˣסֱ֣ģŵ˰ɣ
Ҳߡץס֣һץ˹ͷu˳˽빨ҡ
Щൽȴʶһ
û
ԪˣҾͲسˡ˵ĸңܴ٣Ҷؼˡҿ³
佩ӲĿ
˵ΪΪ̫ӡ
λӣ򽪵в˽곤λȴнѪ
˻᲻ݡ
պ³Ըûôס뽪Ķͷͬˡ
ԾҵĹΪԪТؼ꣬Ϳ뽪ʱ
˵ˣҲ׹ˡ
Դһڲͣãؿһֱϳ壬ӡ۾ᡣ
Ϊʲôʡ
ˣſǻ
ˡǰ㲻ҲܰһΣû취ٰȥˡ
Ϊʲô˫ϥһƨڵϣֻŽģΪʲô૵Լ
̧ͷƴ۾뿴
᲻ͣӿۿ
㲻޸κʲôУǻ̳ȥ죬Ҫ޺ţҪȴû취ҿԴߣǻ̳ǣôˣҲµģΪʲô
Ϊ̫Ϊûʤ㡣
̳ʮū̳ʮʮĲһɣսͷǰܣǱͷֻᱻɱľ׮ӡ
ֻܴнеˡ
˺
ݺ³³ǿ޵֣Ҳ˳
ˣҸǧǰͲֵһˡ
ľӲġеĳɱ˵ǿűʿ
ο³жٱ
ԶĲ˵ҷǾʮֻʮսǽͺ˵ˡ
ڣʮпĽĸӻ̳ǣʮֻһ򣬾ܰѽͷں͵ֳ
̳ͷûгԺ
Ϊʲô૵
˵֣ſˡ
ϣΪҲٱ˰ڲˡ
ӿһ˵ĸ飬ȱˣִźޣ
ڲҰڲ𣿴㵱޸Ĵǰڲ𣿡״Σ㡢ûģ
һ֪ǽԪǰԽ˵Ļ
ûģѵҳԴҾҪɱϵ𣿡˵ѵҾҪȥ޸һҲʶˣȥһҴûȥĹ𣿡
䱻ѹסǰһֻķݣһʱó
ȾͼˣĻˣҲǸͷӣ⻹𣿡е
Ҳˣˣ
ýͣҲһһȥˣҸһȥ
磬ʲôãοôһң
ҴûҪ뿪³
ͨŮ˵ʲôʲôôҾô˵ҲûлȥһͨŮˡ
ҿˣ֪ˣҾͲٱ¶
ѵҲҪû֪ҲҪװ֪

˶Ҫըˣתߡ
磬㲻𣿡ס㲻λǾͶ
佩סתȫµĿ⣬ʶһ
Ұ£
˱ˮԼ˵磬ҽˣ˵ֻҪҪͻҡ
Ը𣿡
ˣɫӲ࣬һߡĽŲܡ
վԶţȽ߳źŽڣӲϣ˫ۣϸ˫ֽһһ˫֡
ֻͨסֵһ˲
ǰһ
Լָˣбڣѵúܿ졣
رչš˵
Ƚֳǳ˶ټظţرճţȫྲ󣬲ǽڡ
һƬѪ
ǰں󣬾㽯ΰѽڵ˳Ҳȥſġ
̵þ·Ͻʹһˡ
ҸۡеĲ࣬һʮˡ벿ڳׯ뱤ڣʹҵ˷ԣѾˣʱȥֵˣȷӦ󣬽Ѿѽΰ䶼ɱˣӵһǸͬסȫɱ˸ɾ
һɱһ߷Ż𣬽Һܿ
ܵС
ҲĵĴ뽯ΰңѾˣеСҲûǾĴҡ
ΪֹǶ֪ʲôˣʲô𽯼š
һսˣܵͷվڽβ󺰣һŵҽ̣
飬ǱȺжˡ
Ѫڽ·ںֻȻΧ̯ӡ̡
Ҳ׷˵˺ĻʱǺˡ
Ȼ
㲻飡
ֱǲǣ
׷Ž̶ȥҲ˳ڽҸ˴ȡ
Żˣ纣ԴӽȥתȦͻȻ˵˻ƺд̿ʹ뽯ңڽҲȫڽĴץء
մţҪȥ纣æԸ
죡¸޹أβҪܣ˵
ҲҲ̣Ͳ½̵Ǻ͡
Ǵ̿ͣ϶˸Ǯɱһš
˶Ϊֳɱң޽ǵģֻйҡ
һɽݶܵҵֵģֻй㡣
˵ǱˣƺҲôš
ֻ༸ˣסһԺɢɢûбˡ
˭˽кôأҡ
˭Ǹأҡ
Σȥ̽һ̽һ˵
һ˵үСڹңǹ𣿡
˶Ĭˡ
Сӣǿһһ˵
Ҳ޳ʽ
ǰ˵ɱ˽룬ǻ᲻ᣬɥĲ׶ɱأ


268 
ֳǵĳֳǴ󽫾Ͻ,󽫾ֻǸΡ
һʼֳǴ󽫾ʮ,³µһԱ󽫣ȻҲ³ĸ˵һֳǴ󽫾뽪һᣬ뽪űֳǴ󽫾صع³̫ƽ
,۲ϲӵ̫,ֳǴ󽫾ͽְ,Ͻ±ƽ˷̫У̨ܹ
,³ͲٷֳǴ󽫾,ְչңȻֳǸһͷϡ
ĺôԣƽʱΪȲ۲죬Ҳᱻӵأв̨һҪʱ򣬴ֻһֳǴ󽫾ֳܽǸľͳһ,
ֳǴ󽫾ڣ
һʮֳǳŴ,ŽԴ󿪣Χ̯̯ǰڳǽ䴦һȣæ˷
ΪһˣȻǽ䡣
ӹгȥժǹ˶˳ԡֳǴ󽫾֮ǵֳǵľŴŽӹܳǷΥɱ
ڲԶľ̯ϺȾƣϰȵø˾ͼææˡ
˼δְȻʶ䣬̱кηԸ
ˣҺɨһۡ
ʣ۽ȴɨ˽ˣЩ˸ɷĿⶼǵҪת
һ飬˶ʣ̵ſڵһٶˣվ󣬡Ը
ˣֵðչңռš
ɵˣҵͷ
ѾˣѾʼƶŴḶ̌Ż
İȻ岻ɽѾųìǰ˲ܳ˲ܽ
Ϣ䣬ѹء
˳ǽʮһڡ
ǲͷһֺѾûʲôˡ
һԥ԰ɣʲôҲû˵ֳǴ󽫾˭ģλ𣿡ҪҪȥʣ
˭ȥ
˵˷Ӧҡͷ
ЦǺǣģ˶ϻؼңǺİϵա
ǡһæϽͷϰջؼҡ
ֳǣ̨ˮͨ´Խϵİа˳ɶǱػܶ඼ֳǲİС̻
ǰǻؼң˶ûмҿɻء
ؼңһԴɱү
ô˵ϵмҿɻصĻãҲڴ˵صô죿
һʱ϶ͷӬһˡ
ʿֱֻܰ߸ϣûңûڸҲڽվţ
ţǰӭˣһһǸһĳһȴļҲᵶ㽡
۵·Уʲôģ
ܵĳţŸŵУܵҲţϴ
ҲƢͷȻʾԱߵСȥ˵
Ǳ߱һΨΨСţһٷǱ߽˴£ܽȥһ̿ͣǸϵ˳ץ̿ͣ
ĵǴܣЩСﲻ·ǰֳǴ󽫾·ˣλӣͨȥ󽫾ɡ
ֳǴ󽫾Ѿм궼ְˣͻȻðҲôⲻ顣ǲͨˣܽҴռҹһѧģȻ֪ͷ⡣
һ˷ͼ˲ȥˡʣµĵȥ󽫾
ڳǽϣԽµȥɣ˵
±ժǹͷԣʱǾµʱʩһȥˡ
ߺ󣬽£˳ȥ𣿡
µͷѾˣǽɡ
һǧ˻ֻǧʣµһֳӣֱפֳǵĶÿӾֳʮʮʮ
ʱ˸۵ģͻȻֳǣֳթҪˡΣգԴŽκһӣÿһ·϶нӦˣҷ򡢾붼һҲ˱˷ֵΣա
ֻûϵȻɱ˴£ֲӣȻλ
޵ҧȴֻܲ˴ӱĳĳǣñƽ
ǧˣһʱ̾ܽˣҲԷһˡ
˵֮ǰЩ
мȸӣЩ
ʲôû㵽
ϼκǵʱĽƻҲڹĽ档
ŲʿĻ´ӳǽڵµȺĽҲ֪˲öԸ
ȻһĿббһµǸǰ˵ˣĿɨһ飬˵ͶΪ׵Ǹˡ
ǽˣ⡣󽫾سҪóǾɷģֻҪûӳȥͱȻڳСһҪȥֻͷˡ
ᣬȴ˵û˿ء
Ϊ׵ĲֵȻˣҵȾͻȥˡ
ǰһλȥԼˡ
ѵҵڽ߶𣿡
µΥһ𣿡
Ѿ˰ַڽˣ˿ֻں֮ڣɽվʹ³
ҵ»ûдȥٴҲ֪ҵ˶²֪ȻҾͻΪ˵֮⡣ЩʣµҲᱻնɱ
̿һϵĳģϵĳ˿ɲֹһ
֪Ѿ壬Щ˾ͻӵ
Լ£ԽһҾ˴Ҵȥ
ҵ˵λСҲһ϶ѾѾˣ̰֣ȽٷԸ̴˸˽İѽߵ˶ϸɾˡ
Ͻ
̽˼档
뿪ɫ
⼸һֱסڽº˺͹Ů֪ǲǱūľͷˣԽԪˣͻȻðҲûʲôӦ
ǰߵ°ѵʵʵģԺȶȥͷǳóԣʦͨŸϣǷ۹⼦ţ⣬Ϊ˷ֱĻ̵ģڵͷϵ㣬̵ľͷʲôûС
һοʱΪ˸Խͬʣ֪˼֣˷ġԲԵӻǶԣġ
ƺóԼ
ҪԶԷṩҩһ־Ȼ˵еĽҩ߳ĵϾֹѪ
ֶҩҲӦоС
ûƶҩҲû˴̳ǣƾͰԼˡȫͬƶΪܣ෴óƶԸ
׸裬ƽʱԴϣ˲ôͨ裬ȥҲ£ͶУЧ
һֿʹþǻ֪¡
һֿʹ˻˯̲ѡ
һɱΣЧ죬˵ͻûˣӦĳִиʴЧĶҩ뵽ʴܣڵҽƼԣѾˡ
˶ҩ֮⣬ôڳԺַ棬Ҳǻпףн
ĴҩΪܴﵽ˳˲ȴ˵ĹЧ
ΪᡰȸҪҩˡǸҪŮˣԾ˵֣ңҲְҽ
ȻͿרΪĴҩӣһƽʱԵĲǿ壬ڶڱټʱԵˣǺķѾ֮󣬳ġ
˽֮ǰ֪ôʹֺˡ
֮⣬潪
ҲֲǺܵķ£˲֪ˣѵܹˣʵһ˶û
Ⱳӡ
㡣
ȻǰıǺͶԡưѱǵָˣԭ֣ۣ֮˵бǣҲĿ˵ͽбǣʲôۣûбǺ
ԽƣȷʵôģƾȻ֪޲ˣûа˽ѷӽ˳
Ȼûɱô֮Ҳž㻻ɱҲ᲻ɱˡ
ùɫѾȫˡ
ӽºȥֻժ¥һ֦㣬ıͳлȻҲеƣȴ𣬻谵
˳лС󣬰й˵ʱٴ¾ͽˡ
ǵԭΪ˽Ů޹ش֣͸һԼԸĻᣬܰ߰ɡ
һҹߡ
糿Ŷ˹Ѻuƫ
uˮʳԸϴû̺֮⣬һӦûί
ҲΪҪĥ򽵷
߽uûгԾ
֪Ҫڷuʡ
uеľףƵ˵𣿡
ͷ
ҪǹɱĻūɱģǽʲôʱǰŮӿ˵һ仰ԺһƬհס
ۿġ˵
һ˲䣬u˵ҴԪ˵һ졣
ʱ˿̣ʱ
ĿӴƺʲôû˵ʲô˵ˡ
ұ̿ɱˡ˵
Ϊҳ˹ҡ˵
ֳѾС˵
ΪΪ̫ӡ
u૵ʱ֮ӣС
ǰʱ˵ɱˣʬˡʵû˼Ǹӡ
ԹĸԣɱǸӣôȵõĺô
ϴңպΪ֮סָԱߵľףǲӣ´˾ƣҷŷһ·
ɶ߽ԲϴӣǲǴӴ˲߳ţuƽǰյĵšֻܿһգȥıӰ
гĬ
˶û˵ΪѾûʲô˵ˡ
u૵Ϊ˶ңϹҡ
ȰȨѹֻ·
ϣ𣿡ǰŮӡ
ҲϣҲһ˿ʵֵڴڴŷuѡһûϵ·
˵ԤľĶ䣬ʱķѾǵأ֮ѾøԲأ
uףס˺Լƿ۾
ɱԪû˿ҡ
̳ʱʼУºҲûаֺڡ
ɱu֪Լպ᳣һĻ
ǵһΣڱ˻ûкʱ˺˱ˡ
һʱȥֻǽǮλһߵȴ
Ϊ߱˵ĽǮλΣȴΨһ
ǲֲġ
uȥЦŹѾˡ
ؿޡuȻţһвĻ᲻֮󣬹޷ٶˡ
Һ㣬ȻҪ˱Ļᡣ˵
ȡʱ䡣uܲΪұ̬󣬷ΪˡֹuѾƷԾǷҾͿԼȻȥұ֡
ҲԱסࡣ
ȻսĽáuϹȣҲŽľѡ
УڽĿС
ӴӦöĽ֮ˡ
һˣ񽯡һţѡܼ򵥡
ˣuߵʱͣȻûκ˿Ȼ
ŽҲ
ֻ߲ơ
𡣡˵棬ٸ¡
ʲô
Ѳſ̨̨̡
𣿣Ϊз𣿣
ҳһţ֮뵽ʲôţ
ҡҡ
ӰɣӰɣСҵ
Žȥ
ȴڱǰжӵ֣ǰȵţ
ţ
ţ
֮󣬽ߣʮֳ֧Ǳʮɴ
ӵʮꡣ
³棬ɱһţΪ񲻳ܣݡ
⣬ϲ档
нģǻ۹ˣ׵ܵУӽ϶֡
ӵʮ궬λΪʷưΪ̫ӣʷ


269 Ϊ
ѩ׷ɡ
ϸܵѩƬֳǱһƬף˵үΪ,Ҽһһһľ,ΪТء
Ԫ³û,ֳǰնġáôõĴû,ǽʵʵΪһ
ڽҰ,ûʲô˻ɡ
˵統ѹԼ,ѳ۸ŶҳҪ֪ǰѽʸϳ̨˰ô,Ͻ绹ֻ䡣
Ĳź˴
ұ̷ŻճһƬ,Źرպ,еʲôܳ,󶼱ץ,Ͷ˴Ρ
ڶȥˡ
ºһ
˽º,̴ȥȥ,˲
ڽº̺ȫժ¥̴Ӻͯ,Ҳǽ̳Ǵģʼˡ
Ϊ̳ǵ˿Ʒ̫һ̴ͯʵԣûŮԡ
Ҳ
ʹá
˴ӱ̧͵ꡰסΪԪλԺԼĹû޺ãֻǸӣҲܾѴŽȥ͵ûʲô߸ܰˣԾͰѽԪ̧˽ʵȥͣţʲôʱȽԪĹ޺סȥ
ҲһҪ£Ҫλһ²Լ꣬޽Ԫ꣬ҪýԪΪ
ҪȽλ˵
ڵǣ̫뵱
ýȥϢǽסʴؿޣ޵޵£ƴҡͷϼλ
ǺͽԱȰȰûȰ
Ҳ֪˭ˣ֪̻λһҪ̫ӣ˵Ҫ̵Ҫ

֮ǰǰ׵ĽΪ̶ʲƽˡ
ҲԸסºر˵ڴ֮󣬸Ǵϰ
λճС˵
ҪҪҪҪʱѽʺͽһǰܲ˵һ䲻ֻҪڼλ˵Ļ
⻰ˡ
ϣһ㲻ͲΪԼġ
Լ̶ܹˣ̧
ȻȥϢٹҲüĿǰС£Լˡ
ʾܳŵס
һڵҩˡ
ڵձòˣĿڹ㡰ӹŲšڹҵֻǹõľʦһˣЩ˴඼ǹһϵµСˡ
ɡй¡󣬾ͱҪ¹һѪɱԼӺͺӣֵܽãӺ͵ˣֻ˹õСһӣһزõӤ
Ŀ˶Ϊ̿ɱ˹ˣȻȥԼĶӡΪĶսչһӡ
˴֮⣬ֻʣںһ֧ˡ
ǹϵϵһˡ
ΨйӰ򣬵ʱڹȹ㣬ڹңӹһ١
ȹ㡰ա֮󣬲ֻ֪ʣ°Ǹˡ
ðǸӽˣֱӰѺӽ˹
Ӿȵͯɣպܵùĳϣ컯ˡ
ڽˡʡ֮ҲԹѡز˻ôǵѡֻҪҪĵˣǺϲôһûе޵˵ġ
һ㶼õİ֡
ҩͷˣ̫Ҳͬʱ𣿡
ȻʱҪնģ³ڣڣ̡
һȻ̾һһ̫ӣʲôܱðհĵ𣿹Ҳ̳ᷢսҲΪûдûм̳˱۸˶ûмߣǿԷ飬վ³ԣǵá
ĴСÿҪһһûд´ܸҲûãΪֻιܴҡҼȲܺˣҲܺͱʼƽ⽻ܽ۵ʥּ۷飬Ǹưͣ˴޷֡бҶܱΪұʱ˾͸ˡ
СĴҲԼ⽻ơ
κʹʹȻ³ʱɡ
ǡ
ͷӦˡ˵꣬òƺܿʣλĴ۹𣿡
ΪأЦ
ɫҡͷҿͻ̫СˣԹۣʱǲܽС
ŶǺܵأ
ƽ˵αǫףѵְһԼֵ𣿡
Ц˵ͷ
㻹ܴȥһҪл塣
ס̾ˣͱְϷˡȻˣݼɡ
ðɫ԰׵˵Ҳ
ԽԪĿġ
λȻǡȻģĻǸ
ԹҪ飬Ȼ˵ǲڽԪģԪ֮ǰΪ˽ϵҰģǰдԲȫ
һǽλΪģڶǽΪ̫ӵģյܼ̩񰲣ΪǹڹģûϵȻǸġ
ӷΪֳǴ󽫾
˵ֳǴ󽫾ְǽԪģҽԪѾˣΪӣⱲӶܰٴӽժ
ĵԽݸȥӹܷǵʮ
ϵĺˣ˼˵һֱڽУȻһȫˣȴҲô׾Ͱѱ
֪ͷ˵д
дٹⲽֳǵġ
дһ㶣ת˲ˡù*ȸǴһΣ
ۣ*ռݺ꼸ˣֻҪֳǣ*϶ָѸٽӹµĹҵ̣Ϊĸ󻼡
ĵýȥӹܷǵľӣٹⲽֳǡԾ÷Ϊǰġ
ΪԼҲⲽֳǡ
*һϵػֳǣ·̺ˣһ̫ضûеĿճǾ͸ҵ·*
Ȼᡣ
*һ򣬵ʱ뷮ÿȡ
ʱñ*һϵɻֳǣù㡰ûˡǻҲ˳µģӶںˣбˬ
ߵľҲܰˡ
붡ǿڱӵ̨һ֮ͼ̣Ҳǽδ̫ӡ
ڽº̵ģһͱϵ¹ڸһ
̻̫һô£ôͻȻҪ̫ˣǲ˵ԺҪ̴
˵ԺǺģһ˵ѧ
㣬˵˵һͨƺͶǿɵˡ
˵Ұģͼ졣ǰѴɱˣѹһҸɱˣȻǼұߵʿɱˣܵʱֱ䣬ҲӢĴȫɵˡ
֪Ұģǰ˹һУչ˺׵³Ͱıˡ
ǣڹͽŬ£³ٴӭĺƽϲɺء
ٷ汾жӣƺͶǿҲϵ̵Ľ¶𾪡ŭᡢϲֱ顣
ڰһθˣС˿ֵ˵˵ҪҵˣҪڹ٣
һ֮£ȿǿʱܾöǿ֪ЩʲôȻǿֻ۾ðˡ
ƾЩ˼飬ػ̨ô׾ٵľ͡ͳˣ
ǣһѵõĴŽ͵ϡ
úš˽һۡ
ķӦŵò£˶һбԽԶԽãҪǱţ컬ȥˡ
һĴŴҷ׳Ƴ鲻ֵܼλǲμ
Ľڴðһ䲻ĻҲߣרΪһϣࡣ
ţģȥ
ҵֳеһС壬ѡǹṩģ³ж꣬ǼҲжꡣ飬ÿһж̨Ͽͣҡ
һû˿ķǣ˵˻˵ʱľҡ
ǼҵǷȭͷ˵ĶǶԵģԣһ
٣潪ľҵүӣж¡
ܾĪ졣
´ӽԪһƶǿ˵ȻᵽĲǶƺͶǿ֣Ƕȣ̨֮һĶέ
˵׵ܣ׵Ǹһ³ڴ˽İ֮һέӡ
˭Ҫ
ҷ׷̫̫̾ˣ̫̫ˡ
꣬Ҳˣ˷ȥ
һϷҪݣ棬ʾܱˣΪľƣһй£ϡ
ҵٴһȰȥµҲɢɢĸˡ
ҲҪݣҲ棬һŮʶǳΣ
پܣ˹Ų󣬽˵λңΪҲȱ©ҲŸҶһԡ
ˣǽˡ


270 
ŴͼƽʱһֱסСԺС
˳ʹڴˣõİ취ǽסĳ³׽Ĵ󳼼УһϵУһҲܶ̽ЩϢ
˵־һͬ,ѡ˹ҽס
֮,ֶˡ
⻹Ŵ,Ϊ³빨ĺ֮ġ³,ͨĺӦѡ·
˰󣬷ֱֳһСլԺ˵ס˽ȥ,ŴŮӹúң
һ,ֳͻȻҡ˵˰ѴŽգ氲,Ҳˡ
˵Ƿ֮ǰʺ,Źûгʲô¡
ŴȻָмĵǸ尡ʱ򻹼ǵ,йһʺ,Ƿ˲١
;鲻̫ԡ
Ϊ˵ջŹԼ˲Ҫţƽ͹
Ŵʹģģ˵Ҫع
˵ϣŹӰѾƳ빫Ӷȼա
Ŵ
ôСԺУʳˮÿղϣ֪Ůĸ
ŴôһؾͲȥˡ
Ȼռ˼ƽһʣƽҲһþƣ˾͸ơ
ͬŴЦ˵ǣһӲǼһȻһص˼ƽķ
Ŵķﻹĸ֪ϸŮء
ƽȻҲԸŴһһô׳׳еʲôҲ
̨һϷǿˡ
ס˭̣
κʹʹʱǻعּ˽һһǹ¹족ļƣǹ
Ҳ纣
ŶһǵǧȻҳǮţǩģٻǡ
ΪʲôҪ٣ҡͷһһټһϣÿԶһ𣿡
װȻ򣬡ȻŲߣ
һۡ
ⲻǺ϶ҪСһϣΣȻЩȥˣĻ
ѽõˣֱӴҷˣ
ʣµĽ仹ѵֵЩͶһ£
ΪýųܸҪٹ졣
κʹʹҲҪһ䡣
ùٿЦˣȻţдɡ
һҡͷһЦһɣṨ֣Ҫˡ
Ĭˡ
ͻĳƺ
ͷϣ塣
ɰѹŵòеıʸˡ
ڵǲֵģҪëʰдϣȻƳ
ϵҽ࣬һҲǵģǧҪƴǡ
㱻Ūû취ȥת潪뽪պҲҪһ壬æҰɣ
壬Ҳȥˡ
һԽдҵģƷɣ˫廤ϲŲ⽯϶֡
Դݿ˷uһǸڽº»¾㡣
ȻдñŽأһûѹġҷuⱲӻûüʲô£ʱûü£õ¡
ϣΪһҶ̳˲ǣαطҪȡһ
ŷľе򣬳Ĭãһ˺͵ȥˡ
Ժ̴Ӿס࣬Լ
ʬˡ
Ȼؼǣu˾ʲôˡǱԺˡǰûǡ
һֱڵš
ûйժ¥Ҳû
ҪҪ뽪ȹ
ҡҡͷ
Ҽ
һô죿
ý
ֻҪҲ£Ա֤˷һˡҲƭʲôҲܷŹǡ
֮󣬽ºͶȻ
صժ¥ϰססºҲʡ
˵ڻѾûʲô˻˵ˣʱҪһ߲ġֻÿ춼ҪȥºкܶҪ
еͷۣܶһĵĴʲôһĵĹ
Ļѵʱ̫ˡ
ղ˵Ҫͳ˿ڡ
Ҫ֪³ÿ򡢴ׯ˿ĿŮ١ж٣ֹж٣Сж٣ٵж٣жٵȵȡ
ʵܼ򵥣Ϊ˿ڹһ㶼ӣΪ׼֮ûнڵĿܣ汲ǸʲôǸʲôġ
ģģǴģǴģִ߽ĻɣҲСˡ
ĵطһǡһءһ嶼һվ۾ӣʱסһܶ䡣
Ҿⲻѡ˵
֪˵˹ˣֻǺ棺֪ʲôã
ҿ֪ʱж˿Եֿ˵
ÿζܴȣûһαһθ𾪡
˵û³һս֮𣿡
һܿɱҲܿµ״³ûһսֻ֮Ҫս³̱Ͽ塣
ʱ̾Ǵ˵ҲǴ˭˶࣬˭ռơ
һҵ˿ڲܶʱǣʳ㣬û*ǰ£˿ڿάһƽȷչʱڡ
ϣ³ûʱڡʱУĳ³һԼλĳҲ̫𾴡Ȩ䣬ҺûһȨȶġ
Ȼ³һٱ˵ȲԪ
ԣû´³ڵ˿Ӧ»ʳǿܻԸ㣬ݹ³һϵİնڶӦòΣ
һܳı˿ʮ֮һҲ˵³ˣ̵ܴʮңҪһ㣬˶ϣŮ˲ʳǶǵʳٶʮ
û㹻ʳأʮҪټ֮һ
ͽԪһ⣬ڷȨ䡣
³֣жٻԮ̨ǸΪ
ʹ⣬ˡŽҲˡ£֪֪Ѿ˵ķuҲ֪
Ƕڵ³ֻڹӲд
֮ԻţֻΪΧ֣κԶһֵ˶ѡһǧָģֻҪһᣬȫ
ýܰ³ıһС˵
֪ԳŬ
ȣҪ֪ԼԵһʲô³ЩǶʲô˼˭˭ϣ˭˭гҪ֪
Ȼʹʵɱˡ
ջǴӦ˹ȥţٸ̫ء
Կ¼λĽֺЩˣǴǵ׽
ܵĹ˽ˣһ԰ȫˡ
˵ɡ㶼˿Цˡ
Ƶϣ˿ڼۣʱһƬҰס
ϳҧ̡
̹󣬰Ѿë亹ˡ
춼ҧѪˣҪˣ
Ĭĸ˺ιҩ·һ䣺Ϊβ
ˣƽʲôɱҵ޶ҵˣ
ʣѵ
ɱ˵ǽҲˣȫҶˣ뱨ûطֻǸһŵ˵ҪҶѡԼҰѣֲǲ䣬Űѹ˸ɾ㻹˵ǹ϶ô鷳ʱǹվڽλϡΪ±׺岮𱸾ܵŮһͲǹ¡
̾˿֮ûָ·ߵǮ˵ǮȥҾ߱ǮǴġȥˣǮˣͰ˸ˣתֹ˰ˣȻ󣬹Ǯ˱ˡҵĶǧˡ
һĲ⡣
̾㲻ҪŮˣɹ͵Ǵ
һ𾪡
˵СҺͽѹȴ󣬾ʹǣü뽯һǴӮˣ뽯붼˴ûɱңڹѾ̫˵ķϣңһҼ¡˵ĴǸúޣǸȥм
һ̯ҲޣҺ޲෴ҡе뿴ܱʲô


271 
ûٽ̨ˡ
ûǿ񽪵ͽһ, Ҳ֪ô
Ѿϰˡ
ȥʲôΪǲ԰׵ģص㲻ʱôģʲô˵ٶֻ࣬ǡ⡱

Ա˽Լ⣬һ߱Ƕ, ôɵ, һ߱ɵĿⶢ, ͻȻһ׾ӵƭӣ껵ºԼɡһΡ
õǼװһû, һװɵڡԺǻԹʱ绰ʺһ
, ұ˴
мȥ, ǾҪͳ˿ڡ
¶㣬رڹ㲢޳ɵǰ¡δز֪ô, ĺ̫, ܡ
ҲΪû취֪⣬Ұ³˶Сȵȡ
ܾɿкܶһ谭
ȻǾͲҪͨˡ
һ°סºҪȻҪ½ȥ
Ҳæѧϰ
ûġϵͳѧϰɵǷuҲֻĶһЩʶ֪ʶĶʶȫԼζģжƫĵĵطͲ˵ˡ
ԣڽº󣬵һ¾Ҫѧϰ
ԼһʦǶ¡
˲ǹƼģʶʵ˼㡣º˼Ҿˣ̵ͽˣһϻûС
һѧǷ䡣
³ķ䡣
³ʵûһȷķ䣬Ҳ˵ûȥƶһԼˡһʷļء
ǵʱ͸ġԡ
ҲҪʲôʲô
Ϊ۸ģдƪ¶ǶǵȨ޶
Ǳ밴ʱġϵļءȡ
һƪռ˲ٵƪΪϸļ˴ҪЩ룬Щôġ
һƪһ㶼ܴģ˾ǲ̨
¾ͽΪڼʱ콵ھͱժˡ
ⶼڸտʼڡ
֮󣬾ҪЧۡʱǷڵλģǰζҪΰۣһĵزҪʱͷ­ѪҪڻ£뵽ҹޣ˻仨ĵزͺܺˡ
ｲһһλ³ΪʪһӵĹ¡
Ϊѻ

ֻΪڸսʱǶûʲôȽС
ƪǹģǹҪôҵˡҪѡܣҪˣԶСˣҪԣƺ˼ǲҪΪʲô¶ɱ̫˵˼
һƪ𣬶½ĻǷ³дϵ£ƺһ⣬ɱɱ˵Ĵ˶УζǶ˴ͷǡ
ʲô¿ɱˣʲôֲɱأ
ûһ̶̵ۣķҲûдֻǺӶ½ĹУƺڷĴ
ôݱǲսˡ
ͼûˣֻһᵽʿ빫ģҪŮӣ֮ΪңҲ뷢ֹеʶ־֮ʿǣûǵʧְ
ʣµİվͲڷĹķΧˡ
֮󣬽Žҿɴ
ȻͰⲿӵԺȥˡ
ΪĿǰĶòڹĵĸպ֮ˣ䲻ָܸ㡣
Ѷȥˡ
ǱϢҲֹۣܲǿԤġ
е˿ͳƣʩǲܵġ
̳Ǹ
̳ǵһоɹȫˣڷ½̳ǣղūˣһвŻôס
ڲЧ̳ǣ³ҲƣǻĴ۾̫ˡ
˿ͳһ鷳ĵطūͼͲΪӦñͳƽȥġˡһ֡
̳ǽ¶ɲŸ̳ǵжˣЩʲôˣÿһôʹãǷʲôλϵȵȡ
ֳͲˡūͼ;Ҿߣ˿ͳƵʱ˭Ѽмдϣ
ڽЩ³ˣҪյԴԴһԴ
˵ūȥֵأܰѱ˼ļͶȥֵػܰʿץȥֵأÿȾƱСžˣɻֵأⶼøɵġ
ڶ鷳³ڵķչ⡣
̳ǺֳͨûΣУһ˵³Ǻܺƽģհҵ
ҵĸΪ׼̶ˣ½׼֮ûнӴһ׼һ׼ͬУҲһ׼ĲҲͬܣǻ⣬ǲܵ
Ϊ䣬ﶼǹ䣻Ϊ񣬾ԶǼ
ʼǣ֮ϣֻҪžԶˣҲû˾òԡʼǰʶҲǲƽԩȻ˾ͻİõĽܡ
Գڵ˶ԳĮģ³ׯ˶ˣҲںȥ̽
ֻİգ³ܻܲأн˵ܡ
˴Ǳصۺ˰ˣֱ߱ץߣũū
һǱĳūǾͲ³ˡס³ȴ³ˣΪǸͲˡ
³˰ǷֳۣʳҲֻˣгͨ
ܲܰѳץأˡץ˹ܣˣֻʰĴһ¶ᱻûɰҵĲƲȫ乫ȫץɻԣȫµ˶ᷴ㡣
Ҫôֻһ취ƶµķɣǰûȨµķɸȨˡ
ôġ
ڿ³ķʹͷ
ƶ·ɲ̫
ҪľǷԵ
Һãлǧ̫ľԽȡ
ƽĹңõǺƽݱ䡣
㣬ҪľݣǲǿС
һÿһӵ٣ɲԣʡԡΪҡ
ֻǸֻǽгأ
԰ͷ
ҷ˹ԺЩӺһ㣬ǵءӡƲأʡ
γ˼ʼƺһ⡣
Ŀʲô
ֱ׵Щ𿪣ġ
׹ˣҲ֪Ϊʲôô
ΪڲǹǴõ˻ﶼ̫ˣЩǳض̨ľֻʣÿ˵ĹƷˡ
Щ壬յֻ̨
зֻд뵽⣬ҲǴ¡
ţҲûˣھ޳Ҳûϵˡ
ЦԸβ
λȥӦúõһӦǰĸǳҵĶӶ⣬ɵǲ
֮󣬽вµٺٷǻȥЩǳز
ʱٷһ˳¡Щʲô飬˹٣Ҳҫ
ߺʣΪο
ܾù˲š
Ҳţùáһˣ˶Լһ׼˾ٵǾٵرˬ졣ֻǸСģܾǸĸܹѡ
ʼ˵Щ˶ǹ㺦ġ̨ˣu㡢ֻйʼǵļˡ


272 ѡ
ڶú, һһҹû˯
³СǳأԼЩǳصݱļ壬һͽҹδ
ŹǷͣ˵ռ̧ͳȥˡ
Ȼÿһһ߽, һ߸, ڽЩ˵̨ܵõõЧơ
¶ʱﲻЧ̾˿, ֪»ôչѵʱԶ̲ˡ
, ֻҪڣͲ²ɡ
ôһǰжѹ޳ȥ, ھж಻Ը޹
ʣ, ʱκʹʹع
ʹʱһסʮҲûУҲõķʽ, ϾϢ̫ͨ, Ÿõġ
ͻȻмˣ³𣿡ŸŵĴӦõİɣ
ͷеġҲʮǰˣ˻ڲڣǲ³ˣͲ˵ˡ
ı飬;úȤѽ˸һùˡ
ɫ˵󳼻ûλǰ͹ȥģһȥʮꡣ
ϯϵڶʮһ⻹𺳣ߺ󲻵ʮ꣬ϯڼʱ˴ȫжʮ֮ϵĶͷ
˵ǵࡣ
㿴һʵǲȥϯңŴٳɴ£ȰҵĴҳϵǧ֮⣬ȻٰϯҸȫɵ׼ϯǸʮһ˸ϲ
ϯϴ˵ջ³ܻһ
𣿡ʡ
ҡͷûϢˡǾˡ񣬲˵Լ֣Լ硣
һ³޽ϡ̾ݳޱ̳ˡ
ʣȥ۴𣿡ͣˣȴ̽һ´ǳ
ʣѡ
ЦˣΣ
Ϊӣ޵ӦǽϡȺŮ
˿ٴ÷ϵ˵Էһ밮ء
÷ǻҪȥǾҪһȥҲᷴˡϻнȡ
ҡͷѡһ
ʣѡ˭
纣ô
纣һһѼŮ޸ľ
ͷѡҲԣԷҲǻ¡
ݻһ㡣Ȳϰա
˵κʹʹعˡܴУȻ¹Ҳȥˡ
ٲеĻٸˢ
ĸ޶ΣʦӺˣʡ
һһ˿
Т˳ĸТӣѧʱǶôϻۣһ֪ʮο佱ģͬΰģȵȵȵȣɡ
֮󣬹ʹȥϿ纣ˡ
һʱ纣ý֪š
纣ڼеľս
ǽͽһ𱻽н˹ȻϾͳ£ˣˣ
ȻͻȻҺˣ
Ȼλˣ̫Ӷˣ
еֳǴ󽫾
أ
ȥˣˣ
ǼҸĹϵ᲻ǣ
ӻϽãɽûиĸһʧ٣ܶ˭˵²ˣº˷ֻ֣ΪϽηӻҡ
һ֮Ͻʹĺ£Ҳв⣬ԾҲǣ塣
һֱûǡ˼λ֮Ҳûгֹˡ
ʱºǳԹ֮֡
ҲʲôһŮֻԺ֣ҲĹҴ¡
ܹҡܸͲ֪ң
纣뵽һ
ɻû죬Ͼðԣ
Ҫ
纣У޲ߡ
Ȼֹ˼գͻȻ
ȥˣȴһ˴ĻȥʺκʹʹǼʱع
纣ãȻ޴룬еܳ
ʲôʱֵˣ
æӦȻĻ¸ˣʹô뵽ģ
ЦȻǽ

ţ
ϵ
ԶԶԣǹ֣˵ҲǴСһ𳤴ģ
纣ʱĽŲͻȻˡ
纣սսĽֺ̨ĳڶʹȥѰκʹȥѰʹȻֽͣ˹
˾ȣʱʶң
ˣҵŮ
һˣ
ûм纣ֻرʹУκʹŴԸعʹƽȴϻع
ʲôԭ򣿡ʡ
ƽܳʵ˵ˡ
ǲټӣκᣬǿ󣬿ùͿɵһ³дҰģʱΪɲع
ŵĻҲ̫˰ɣ
ԱߣЦŷеëʣдֶëдڲϣΪ˿̫ʹƲ֡
һˡƽʱסʱÿٱغȾƣǵ¶챻ˡ
˻Ǻзִġ
ִ磿
ֻ£ǰЦֻ˽£Ĺٶ࣬Ҳֻ֡
ҿκʹԷŻعʹû¡
ƽŴļƽͲǸݰ
Ǿʹعɡˣѽųɡ
ųˡ
ΪϷժ¥
һ棬ͿޣԱ䣬һıƶǽġ
û˿ɵľˣôʱԹҲʧˣ˵ѾԺ󣬽ΪҰҲûˡΪĺսƻĥ
ŽǸĻļһһеĻʹǰǶӶ
ˡס
ΪôҲʶ˵ôױƭסֱ֪ƭᱻҴ
ССһ£ȻƭסˡȻ߽ΪرǳΣգýǧ̽ŻκʹĻ뿪ֳǣϾʹӦˡ
õ˻纣ȥҲԹԵġ
ⶼΪá
ŴˣǰԼһ͸ƽ
ݣƽϸϸŲ㣬̾ʮ갡
Ŵ֮ǰ뼾ƽѾԻ
ƽڻӭȢ³
ŴЦҡͷɣɣŮ׶Բ
ƽֶΣһСڴ֮ǰ˭õ
ժǹ֮¼Ϸ֣һҪӣ
ƫƫ˶ֵʱѸ˴ٲ
ƽ̫綷ܱܾͱܣþãֻʱһ١һӣŴֱ㶣ͷǰǰСأȻͲˡ
ƽҡͷԽѹԽͣҲ룬СӺҪԸ̫𣿡
Ŵһ飬ϵĺëˡ
³κСӺ󼴷Ϊ̫ӣԸ̫󣬶洦Ҫ뱣סĵλƣöԸǡ
κ
κ³̫Զκ³С̫ӣԸ̫һʽףΪСֻ̫һҲΨһһ̫ɱ³ףκ
գŴľƶˡ֮Ҳûժǹ


273 ɵ
굽, ֳ˷ժǹǰֳϤľ޶ժǹϲĶʳ
ֳûôؤﶼеģ̳ǸҲϰĶʳǵĸȥԶʳ˺ܶ, ÿһ춼ﲻ
ƽ˵֮ȥժǹ, ǰΪ·, ժ·ժ·ˣкܶһǽ󽫾ʿ, ǸǿûʲôŲЬƤŴ, ͨϺü˿ͭǮ
˵иǮ, ÿһ꽪󽫾ַʿõǮ껹š
ʿ˵, ûбõףˡ
⴮ǮΣյʱǵ
ƽһ, ˲ô֮ǰȥʳ˶Լ룬ʳԸʹõǰͲƽû룬ʢ˾˸ͲʢһͲķиֹһڣ̵ģ˶
ڶܹôһڵʳǺҸ¡
ƽ·߳ԣһСһԵģ̳ǵ˵иСӳһ궼Ժһ궼˳˳ģƽƽġ
˵̳ʱôģסժ¥ʱöʳеĹŮ˳ԡ
İճԹʳΪǸˡ
ƻ˿ʳΪģ׬ȡ
˻Ϊڿ主
ƽΪԡ
˭Ҳû˵һһʱֻһĿġܵõҪĽ˳һЩ˵ĻǲǸ
ܷϵһǣֳΪһٶǰһʱĻ̿ƽˡ
˰ģֳǲһĵط³ĴҲûа䲼ʲôɡ
ϵǣĳЩƵľٶһ˰ġ
ھһȥһļλֳǱöһʱ䡣
ժǹ֡ľٶ˶ˡ
Ŷԭһжû䡣
ԭû㵽Ǹزǰһء
ţˡƺƵһ㻨ʱͨš
и³λĺ񣬵͸ժǹ
ϵ˶٩
ٹ붼׷ˣ
ҼǵѾȢˡ
û£иܵܡ
һЦ
ժǹ;ֳʱⲼһƤĸһˣ߻Ҵҵİ͸ĵܵܡ
롪ûʲôֳ˶ܿݵĿǵĹŪЩӸ磬һܻӭŮôû׷ߣȥÿһ׷ߣֺһֵ¡
ֳǵŮӶϲϲĴ⣬ϲ԰̬ȣϲɵ׷õӡ
ȻԣΪʲôԣ
ֳǵŮƺһҹ֮䶼ôˣѧ˶Դкǵ°취Ǿĵȴкǵ׷󣬵ȴѡǡҲʼ׷кеٮٮߡ
ֳ˶ΪǸֻҪָˡǳЦ
ƽȤĹ۲ֳ˵ķӦҲйԼǸˣʱҲûеõôĿݡ
һֵԭΪǴӦΪʡ
ⲢζŹϵĸȴᡣΪŮӣֻֽǹ³Ϊʲôժǹһһôݡ
ҪѧҪᣬҪڼҪò
³ժǹֵĺɫݳޡ
³϶Ź䲻ҪǸ񣬽ժǹϲ߲ܡ
ͬʱšŮĳƺţ
ƽժǹϺ޳ͻںϵһ
ڴŮ֮Ҳ˵ĺɫݳޡ
һáȡð󳼵Ĺ
ɹˡ
ƽҲǴ
ϵģܾˡ
λһ˶û˭ϼ
ٻ붡ǿڻǴֲʶ
ýºۣڲѧһҲû
ŵ÷ˡ
Ȼװˡ
Ժʵǲ֪˵ʲôźãȥѾ˺ܶˣÿΡ
ɱ𣿡Цʡ
˵£Źһɱ
Ĭˡ
²ֻǽô룬Ҳڻɣֻû˵Ҳ˵
ýʺͽȥչ˽񡢽ȥչ˽¡󡢽¶ڽ
ֻнߡ
˶Ҳûİɣ
ͻȻ뵽䣡
أ
ٽǲҲڵһգ뽪һɱ
εı
һºΪϤ˻ģʵȴһﷸΪȥֶͬζˣ˶ôġ
һأʵþȡ
ֹû˵֮ļҲܳĬ
ĬĹȴˡ
˵߲ŭѾߵ˶᲻ıӰ졣
Ӧá
֮󣬽Ѹײڶ֮ùһԼΪ̳ǹ
ûϸֵľλģǵĵλԼĸףͬһŮλһûκ
ںܾ֮ǰͼ򻯳һţԹκһӻǰֻлѷرԼأһ˵ֻҪǮ
㵱ȻΪһ̳Ǿ;ܾ㹫̳Ǹץôǰĳǣڸ˸
ܾһźţһͼıʲôźš
ֳܿ͵̳ǣһº̳ǵĻִ͵ˣû⣬̳ûоܾǻ裬ǳ⹫õ̳ǡ
ṫΪ̳һš
Ȼ̳ǽ籮̳ǵķΧ
С̽Σ
³Уֺαضһ٣ѵڵ³ĵ
ҡͷǣֻҪһЩ¡
ðɣûпĿ֮ǰҲް취ʵǹйڻʲô
ȻͶˡ
̳ǽȻһ󴮵ĹԱ
ߵĽ˹ĳʷнһְֵ
Ȼĸߴ󣬵ôû䡣
漴̶һʿ񽪴󽫾ģЩɷѸٽӹ̨Ļڡ
Ȼ󣬴Ľǳʷʳ˾̫Ҳ˼Աǹߵ̴ӳ
ԭͻȻôΪԼ
ǰΪʲô
ΪʲôͻȻ
ͻȻ㲻ټװˡ
ЩùôȨɣǲǸø̫ӣ̫ӶԴԣ
ѯʶǿ
ǿƵǸɵӡ
㻹ǵôصֳǵ𣿡ǿʶơ
Ʋ̫ȷ˵Ϊ̫ӵ
˭ùӳΪ̫ӵģ˭ǳΪ̫ӵģǿȻ˵òԣҪȥ
Ȼ֪Լôе𱨣ǣȷʵԡ񾯸Ϊ̫ӵӦģ
ǿûֶôһˣ̨һú˵ģֻܾܰЩ˵ȥҲܸ̫ӣܶԴ˵
˵ˣǱ̫ӣѴ³ǿ˵
ƱʱȰסˣóƲûб˵
һ£һŻظ˵Ѿõˣ˵ö취Ѷƽлȥ
ɵӻڼҴŰɡ


274 Լ
ԴӽԼȫ˹,رǰѴ̫ߵλöռ֮,ֳǵ˾͡ˡ
ǿʼԼ
ڽġá֪յ,еľֱ׵ĸͽ
кܶСͯ
еǼū,еֱӾӵĿٮõġ
һ˵,ǻӭԼġ
Ȼֳ˲Ѱ·,Լȴ˵
˭ó,,̨ˡЦ˵
쵽ľ˿ںöˣڿ԰,Ҳҧ亹
øáˡ
齪ʹ򿪴Щ˽Ͷ߶࣬дǻ١ӹʵõ,Դ,ò,۽,һӬͷС,ʱһ𣬲ط˼Լܴһ
ֻ״ʱһϹ˾ˡ˵
ףһÿܲףǻϻеġֻҪֳԵƫãЩ˺ܿͻԶԷ˳ƫøıԼ
Щ˻ֳǵ˶˳ġƫ衣
ֳǣ³
ֳǵ˶ֹ̫ýˣҲ̫ýˡ
ΪЩɵľʹӹе˹٣һЩ˻ûž˹ᷳ
ģǷֹϲǹͰư֮һ֮֮ȴûʲôϲͲϲ͵Ȼ䣬ȴֵǮת־ȥͻܸˡ
Ȼ˰ƣ
³֮ܣ
ֺ̫ˣϲ
Ще̲С嶼ַˣ˾ȫ֮һѵģرǵҲԶǵ񣬹ǣǹְ
³ڸûôô죿
졣
ְκһְǰӸ֣Ͷһְ
ְĹԱûнٺãû١йٷñٽΣڷԽ̨ͬϯʹҲ֡
˵ǰֻǹںˣǺЩСˡ
ƣ١
˶ˣ˶ڼаˣûҹ鷳
üƽ˵Щ˶ڹһʿǲŻһѷϡڴ֮ǰû˿ϵһڡ
⾹ȻùһֶϷ̬ƽ͵ġ˳ȥ
ȻǸЦֺα棿
ƽǾõ³ˣǸӣ³ҲЦŵġ
ǹӣҲͲҾˡ
첻³
ȥѾһЩÿһ⣬㶼ôʣЩֵ˿Ժ̲סֳǡ
Խ˵ΪЩ˲Żô׵Ĺ
ǽСǶôŴ޺ġ

ŮߵĹ⻷ֹϵģϵġ
ⱻСʵһֱáŮˡơ
߽γʷܵժǹפˡ㲻뿪̨ȫܣҲ˵κһضǹŵˣ
˵Թʹ
̧ͷǾɡ
Щϧƽʱǿ϶Աߵġ
ΪǸˡˡ˵Ǳʱ˳˿湨ʬҵĻû֪ǡģú˺ܷ˼ô³ϷòԾ̬صֳǣ׼ңǰˣʬ
ҪҪҳȥ˵һѾˣ
ðû취ô˵ֲܸ֪ڻ޹ˣĶˡ
ȻһֱϲΪҲŰ򲻻ᱳеʱǶƿԷ
ҡͷԼ취ȥҲܣ
ֲˣѾ״𣿻ܿģôԺ깨ˣ˼û㣡
˱ܣѼƽˡ
ƽžͿˣ߷ǰ鰸̯һȻڶ
ûҲ߱ܣû˰Ļ
´ۣĴӹпŮ˵̾
ŮժǹʱԺ߱ĳ輧Ŀ
ʹЦ
лƽ
һзȵˡ
ͷߣòҲͨʺܺã󷽣ʲǺѵģġ
ܶˡе˾һ˵ʣѵģһ۾ܿºǿģΪĺøУϲƭˡ
һЩҲƵĺۼ˶ϣԼϲģǶԵƣҲֺ֣ܶǱչ˾Աĺƻ˵ĺƣеĲɴúܡ
ԼѮɽɫ΢ڣȴ˾ֽ࣬С
ʱ˫ĿֱӣβһЩƣʱ̴Ц⡣
ϲ
˻Ůˣϲġ
ƽҲڴ
ĸ죬Ҳ
Ӧ󣬴ӾֹСʱӦûܹõĽԴΪܣ෴൱Ȼ·ǹһжǶԵġ
òֻͨĿĵطǲεġ
˭ܷȨƣȨơ˭ֵܵȨƵ
رǹһŮ˵ݶһ˱͵ѶϢ
ƽҲ⡣ֹĳ輧
ı
ʹǰΪ˴𣿡ʡ
ƽЦˣҡͷջ𣿡
۾һգգһƬﲨ
ƽ֮ǰֱֻܶ࣬ӵá
ȴϡ֣ѾĹӶԼܹȥ˵ƽĵ̾һԹΣӡ
۽ʱŮˣ֣ķԼԹķ
ҼԹ꣬һֱƽƽ档ֱҰߪʷ̨ԺѾʮˡ˵ǰǶξõʱ⣬ƽ¶һ˿
ڵѾǰˡƽҲ뿴뿴һٴԸⱳȥ³
Լġ
Դ벻ƽġ
˵٣֪֮Ȼ˵ϺͿˣҲϺͿĻΪҿȥҪĺͿ£Ҳˣ³ʲôʱԹûٻȥ
ºܳ𣿡ܾԼֱˢһΡѵһǴˣǴĹʱ𣿺οжĴôʹĸĻͥô̹Ȼ
Ȼ̫Ҳ档
֪°ʱӳֳǵԼңѾͶ֣ΪˡЦ˵
ԣ
֮һࡣˣ԰塣
ѾˣԼҡȫȥͶ֣֣ҲǺʹİǶˡˣʱ֣
ǡ
Ҫ¼ƽ𣿡ʡ
Ϊʲôأ˵ûãƻǹġ
ƽˣҲûϵֻȥһΣڶȥˡժǹ졣
᲻ǹĿˣ
뵽һ˿СԵá
ҵĻҲܼ򵥣ʹ³ελֻôһĲбҪѹٷ汾˾Ͳˣ͸ʹ߳ȥһȦһ顣
ʹҪҪ㣬һݣʲôˣڶҪо飬㹻ľ顣
ر³еʱ򣬳ʹ˺׾ͻزˡûãƽˡ
ƽϻһʹݣûбӲˡݾԹˣҲܳ㡣
ȥʺݷ̫ӡ
ƽֱʣҪȥң
ֻҪעͲ᲻֪ġ
ҡͷأ
ƽȥˡ
˵ȥκ֮ǽ֣֮
ͷнͬУԷġ
ŽܴʲôϢֻҪܸżƽѧϼ־ˡ


275 Ұ
ԪˣҪТģɻؾκ,ϣӦҪĹһӡлɣ̻ԶûзչͷͷŽŶ㶨ġȷʵһЩ͡˵,ЩĿǰûһʵ,Ҳֻ,ǲôġ
վٿͻ֪Щڼ˵Ķʵģע⵽һ˲,дԼȫ
ͻȻָпΪ˶ˡ
Էڳˡ
֪ò˵һ䡰ȵúĽ
ϾŮ֮Ȩ,ϴˣи̫ӡΪ˰ŵǡô,˻,ڶû˻αġ
д̫,ƫһȨŹָֻ,һѵĹ,ƣ˷ָ
ο𡣵Ⱥ깨һ绢
Ҿ˭ûô
ôأݰ
֪ǲǽǰ̫ɹڶ˼ǵùһԲϾͿ˵֡ġءЩʵûʲôģҽҲѣڻ˭Ҳϼ
ֻ辶д

֪䣬ΧͻȻð˾ŮԹ£ڸҵļеģе˹ţеѾ¡
һ⣬еܵܣǸĸšǳĸѵܵܽ
඼ǵܵҲķϣͺһˡ
½ôǵܷܵЩ֮û𣿡
һһʮİЩŮԵݶǶȵܴܵ󣬲඼ʮңȵܵܳɼҺҲͲꡪǶʮꡣ
˾Ůĳʮ壬ʮ굱ǲġЩŮܵܺ󣬵Ȼû취ټˡ
ꡢǿʼһĶԴˣҲõӦеĻرõһܵǿڼĹ
Цá
ֳ˶ķһֱά̶ȵĻ˵Ǻܿɰ
ҲΪǲġ۵䣬Ҳϰ˺ƽԽĶû㹻Ҳݺ³
һ棬Եı־ҪˣȾҪ
ֻ׷˵ļգǼǿ䣬һּɣ¶ա
ıʱۡ׷˺ԣɱ
˶˼ϱ˸ˡ
˭ȷ˭ܡ
㿴۾ƾϵֽճһСȭͷؿʲô

ղŽʷ˵ʱЦءЩ˵ΪܿЦ
ҲǿЦһֻϻ˵ҪˣϻͲ𣿺ôðѵŻһ°˵ûãٷǶԵġ
ʲôùͻȻӦˣ
в죬ֱԣԸΪЧ͡
ۣļ񡭡˷ܣļ˷ܣ
Ծİŵøᡣ
ƾϣͻȻʣҹͭ󣬸м
һʣһʱ淴Ӧ˰ͼָ
ֱͭǽϪӡԭĴֻʣڿɣĴһصġ
ϪӶСǣΪ˵زͭǮΧĴҪôץūҪôͱˡϪΧҲûдǣ˫ӳȴر
һ̫Ĳǰеκһ
˵ԭɴأʱͲǰˡ̾ʱʵ˵ǲܸͬġڰտûˣϡҲûˡ
۹ĸּأ
˫ӳ̫ׯԷ
ֳ𣿡ʡ
ɵҡͷûСʱʺׯ̫ǰ
ׯͲ̨ˡӳׯҾͽ¶˲ѱ̬Ҳû췴񣬳ûׯңҲû֣Ȼ͹˲ˡ
ɽԪͲ֪˫ӳǡ
ǰڵĽһǹԼuûаǵ¸߽Ԫ
һСǣȻӵرȻʵ³ͭͲǮ£ֻҪôֻ֪һСǡ
﷭˸ۡ
ӵ٣ʡ
ʮǰĶͷð˺ⲻĴ˫ӳǱߡ顣
ھֻ಻١ضԣ͵ͷȥˡ
֪ŷǱѰֶΣ֪ýʷȥʲô
˫ӳǣֻȡӲ
֪ЦЦˣ˫ӳȥڴλ𣿡
˰ѵʱȡ࣬ĳǳȣֻͨ
ǰأǰԪ٣
ҲһˣǰһվͿˣࡣ
СˡЦˡ
˵ңҲûС˴ˡ
άĺܿģЦһ¡
ù鲢ûΪղŵ±仵ʱ˵㣬¡
Ŀɲ̫ҪΪǮ֮⣬бƷ࣬³ũһټ٣ũߵҲ𲽼١ǳǿпЩڲûзʲôսԻҲǴû˹ʣû˹ĵ״̬
󸽽СǾͽǣ˿ڲ࣬İǰǿ棬඼뿪˴˵أʣµ˾͸ˣڵж˻û˹ġ
Ϊһܵκȥ³ھлķϵ˹ġ
ȿֲġ
ĵûۣͭõӦòѡ
Щûб˵ɣֵ˶٣˭еʯЩֻ¾֪ˡ
ֳЩŮӹµ˶սսڴĵŹķӦȥڴ꣬Ҫ˰ˡ
ֳ׼Ⱥ鼤ܣ֮ͱ˽ľٶһ
Ϊȼӵľǹ̳ǵ˰Ȼǽ󽫾ֺϡ
̳˰ɣֺ˰ɡ˵ȥĸ˰϶ȡ
Ҳжȡĸ˰Ƕһ˵ΪϧգǶŸǵĹġеĳǸͲؽ
ǣཻļǺܿԳˡ
˰˳ɣ˰߳ɡ
ЩǶԸ⽻
ֳ˶š
͵ָǡ
ׯԷɡ˵ǲġ
ʴˣǰ˳ɣ𣿡
˵ͷˡ
ԱһׯԷĵܵܣׯݣȺأжһġ
ׯԷüΪǱҪ󽻳һǮģû뵽Ǹô졣Ϣʵʡ
˵ͷӷǳĴˮ˿ˣÿһҴˮ
ҲˣѾˡ
ֺ̳Բ˵˵Ҳˡ
ׯȰ磬ɣɶѡ
ֵʲôأׯͭûǮ
ׯԷ֪ׯʵû뷴̨ׯϱͳͣпڿŽΪ˵˻в٣رˣЩ
ֻׯһϵУмǡˣôԸ⻹ˣ
ַ̨ƵׯԷ䲻ڼ˵ʲôȴҲ̨Υ
οǸף˭֪Ҫ˰˭·ģ
øĸǴΪʲôҪأ
ׯ˵㻹ȥ̨ʴ𣿸ɡ
ׯԷ˳£תȥׯ˵ȥ˵ɡ
ׯ˿æתȥˡ
̨УʽƷׯң
𣿡ʹ㣬ҷ𣿡
ü룬ҡͷδظҡ칫صģǰջزҹȻҪ췴ׯҲҡ϶
ͷһϪأǽϵͭҪʮ
Ȼ漴Цˣȡīĳд
ׯѽϪӿʵϣǲׯҵĶҲ˫ӳǵġϪӶǴĳǡ
˫ӳׯҪ˰ԽϪҪͭ¡
Ȼһ¡
ׯҿԲ˰ܴϪ˵ͭ
Ҫ˵Ƿ
˵
ʮպ˫ӡ
ׯݸհ˰װؾɱѺ͵ֳǾ˵һҴҸϻؼңׯԷڷŭ
ȥͿһŽ
ׯԷˣû
̫̫
ׯݼҴɨһ飬̶ˣ֪ׯԷΪʲôǡ
Ǵͭ󡭡ׯݿȰ硭Ǵġ
ׯԷ͵תŭ֪Ǵǹ
ׯ㲻ȥʴ͹ֻܡ
ׯԷ˵ǿԣ


276 һ
ƺ֪䣬ͽˡ
ɴ,ϲ¶׾ĸ첲鰸ǰдʱΧ˶Ŀŵ,ҿ
,żɨȥܿʡ塢졣
ǻܿ,ͻȻëëš
Ϊǲ˿ˡ
Ǹ˼һϵġΪǻΪûĸ飬Ѫʲôġ
û뵽ǻ졣
еСˡ
ÿһ,ڷǳǳæΪǵ˰ˡ
ΪǼյ˰,Աĩյģ괺ǰһ,ڽҪ˰
ⲻ̫,Ҳ,ҲûбķӦ
һֱֳǵ̳ǲ̳ͬʱҪ˳Ϊ۶,ֳ,뱻֪Ķֳ࣬ǲûܵŴ
ֳǵԭУý纣ֳ֮˽ˣýι٣ֳȫˡ˿ʼɡһеĻʹǽ䡣
Ϊ࣬ǽƳģΪǴġӡֻӡ
һôΪǷǡ
÷ǲ˰ߵģƷǵġǿճǣĹְǿյģһȺҲݶļ۵һǵ̨ԣֻǲýõǡ
УȽҸ㣬ȽҸ³ֱĶԴǵ١
ǲ˰ˣ˻ͳ¸ϣ̰ƵĹֹȨĽ󽫾
ͽ͸ˡ
»¸󣬷кܶ˺ͷǵһ
ϲ
ͽó³˵ѡ񣬷ѡ䣬Խѡб
ʵǷǺڼףǲ¿
ڽ뽪ɳǰûиѡˡ
Ľѡطɡ˵
ұǸõط潯ұ𣬶Ҳʣ˵Ŀǰϻˣպйء
ңҾլͱСֹˣڶ붡ǿһӳ̫ӵ٣Щַ׷װҪѵطó
ϯԡ˵ѡһɡ
ȥ׼Ϊ佨ססҪЩ׼һ񣬿ŵĵط
һֱסժǹ
ò׼ԼǲҪġ
ǲǴϳժǹҪôأ
ʣֱӰȥأ
Ҳ֪Լõʲô
ԼңҲҺѡԼҾַΪйϯҾˡ
ϯ塣
ĸûȢӣȻһ
ֱ̨̹ݺ͹µԸΪߡ
ǵڶֱ׵˵ĸĻͥˡ
øı뷨Ϊ漴ˣҲ˽ȿϯ塣
ȶŽֿ̾һͨϯĸǶôܣϯԼǶôķܡ
ϯػ־ⲸӼϯĵһͿǾþ֮ˣ
Ƿǳϯ壬ȻϯڹΪūⲸһֱ԰ʦ֮֮
ϯг֮־ǸӵȻֻּɵģ
ˣ类˵Ӧе̬ȡ
ͽдȡ
Ҫֵٸ֦־֮ʿ뿪ſԵػԵ·ˡ
ҪߣҪǰƴĿһԵԼĳΪԷ˾͸ˡ
֪֮ˡ
ҲҪϯӣϯʵĿʲôҲҪϷȥǫֻ̀һǵڳ²ųߵİգҪмĸлϯ
ϯլȻڵͱϯܵòˣȥټ񣬵ô
ڹⲡ
ʱôҶȵĻˣ
ʵľźϴΣŽֳǣҽȥˡصΪԵټȢӺ󣬽ֳֻˣ
˵ô죡
ϻذӼ޸ܵѾЦˣȢ˽ã
治ٰˡ
ټ˷ǵĸ̾
رе̾һ̾ӺϹһ飬Ϊ
빫Ǵⲵ
öĿ˿ֻҪ㲻ߣԶˡ
ߵˣڶΣ³
Ϊ֮࣬λة࣬³ûة࣬ʵϵةࡣ
Ȼùⲵ򣬲ǲԾġ
תһ룬ҲûбȹⲸʵˡ
գйµĺûǺ̫أȴԶڰ֮⣻ų
˾λӡ
ǹҪ棬Ҳõһ
ȴԶ֮⡣
Ǻʵϵһ̫أ*Ľǹصġ
ȻͻȻͳ³򣬶Թȴ裬ֻһʼеæҡ
ϽյһԼġ˲šӵǺܿˡ
Щ˶°ãûеа壬⣬鷳ǲҽп࣬Լ취ԼҹϵͨϺϺ·һжԵôг
ֻн䣬Ȼûн
ûаȥʽ
ҡͷ
˿
½϶ˣ֪ˣȴûаߡ
Ҳôʧɡ
ڳҲҴţһŷлҪ˵
ʾʲô£̫ӵ£ֱ˵ɡ
С˵̫ӡ

һݺ棬ˡݵ߽ʱȻЩηǴ߹ʱһԺ
ӣòġûйúܺãպΪĵˡ
ⲻӺáŸĽ
Ϊ˽ǣҲ˺̵ġ
̿о֮ǰˡǰԼɹ̴ӣ˸ǹĵܵܣ³̫ӣ͹һǴĺӡ
Ҳô˵ġ
Ǿ͹һʹһˣģ
Ҳġ
һֱĶ˵һЩ˺ܲ
Ҳĸ˴硣Ϊöǹˣȴ˵ĻǺˡ
ȴܸ涡Ƶ״Ҳ˵ã
ȥʹ
Ҳ˵˵Щѻ߹ֱòù֪ƶ˵ʲôΣոС
ͶԹ˵˵㲻ϲߡСӣСӲġ
˵Ҫˡ
Цˡ
̿Це㲻ͷ͵𣿡
̫ӡ˵٣ߣκͬ⡣
⻰һ磬̡
綼òһˡ
ǿ˽òİѶ˳ȥһ·ͳ̨
æȥ˶ƣȴǰסˡ
Ԯ֡ǿҾء
˵Ҫȥº𣿡
ǿͷǡ
ҡͷ̫ӡ仰˵꣬ǿȻתͷȥˡ
Ϊ̫Ӻ̫ӻȥ̫ȴοǹͶȥģ˼ˣֻϧѡ
̫ⷬ˵ġ
̫Ӷ˵ʱ򲢲ţҲûѰվԱߵĽ˵Эôѻƽ˵˳
ǿһֱ̫СݣһξֹǸСӡ
̫ӡ
ֹǶһС̫ӣΪҪ̵̫̫ӣΪҪע⡣
Ƕˡ


277 Ĺ
ĩص˰඼úõĽˡ
ҷˡĺ١ҪǮ,Ǿ͸Ǯ,ҪŮǾ͸Ů
ǮյԺôһ⡣
Ϊ࣬ⲡӦǮƻʲô,ܽԪ갡,갡硭
ܷﲻܲʡ
һ㶼ûʡЩ˰֮ȥӵģ,ºŵҲܣֻĿ⡣ںЩǮô,Ҳġ
ѹµ˶ȥˡ
ҪĵĶ,Ҳҵú,޷졣
,һû
,Ļܸɡ
Ҳ,ⲿŴ,û뵽֪ʲô¸ʣʲô²ʡ
׷üġ
ǰСˡ
һڣʱӹⲾͲˡ
˵áʱԸ֮»֪ʲôʱᣬƴһ³˵Ѿˡ
һȥˣŲӴӳѵĩǺȵġȻб䣬ǵûʲôá
߽ңܼҾӭǴСչˣҲǹ*Ĵˡ
塣ȵĽе
ԭǸԻøߴࡣסںɽ£ǸɽеԻ
һգڴʱ*ҲԵĶ飬ǰԼˡ
*ϲ׳䵱̴ӡΪûϣھͽڡ
룬ȴ˹*֮Ҳסˡ
ȻղȴһʱһͰ룬߸߾ٹͷˤˣΪʲôɱ֣˵ǰɽϻǴˣû취֡
ɣȴ³çײ˾ץˡ
˵*һʼΪͷְǸһˡ
ֺˣԹ*ӡӶϣһһֻϹ*
¹*ôعⲣҲûѹⲵһ¡һع*͹Ĵˣȥ;ȹ*ΪĹץס*ҲȥˮͰѹⲸ߿ˡ
*ϰ÷裬ŰȴΪ֪Ϊʲôˮӣ
ôһˣε
*ùⲵֳϰܷˡܳʲô£ڶܱⲡ
ڸⲹڲԸ⡣ֿޣ˵ˣͻͷһҲԱ߸ſޣ˵ԲҰѺˣһúöԺġ
һ·ûⲺɫ
ǰⲣȣԸӶǴӣŶһοҪأ
ⲵɫֻ֪ʣˡ
̴ӶûаһܣⲾ;ϵˣɵòˡ
Ǻá̲סô̴ӣͺһӱһֱõôغҲԭһغȢϱû̴ӷֻܷæȥѺϱҲˣڼ˸ӣҲûú߹
ڲ˵ɫܻ
ⲸӸ̾صº󻹶̴˵֪ڼ벻塣
̴ҲǴСһ𳤴ģҲеֵģȾݶˡмϣǺͼҵĴӡ
ϣ˵ǻ˵϶밡ûкţͰҪ˽ȥ
˵꣬ϣ͹Ⲷһۣһ͵Ц
ڻؼʱͼϣȥ͵*ÿضڴ͵Ц*ֺðѰϵľ϶ҳˡ
Цţڽˣ˿̾ͲЦˡ
ڵһֱǸ飬˹һۣЦ
ⲹãϣĵȥˣܲİѹⲶ°
ʹⲣôã㻹ܸЦТӣ
С壬֪ˡ
īһûΪѵ£û˸鷳
ҡͷ
ʣûȥû㣿
ⲳһ£ҡҡͷ
ڿôϲˣ㲻ϲˣ
˵֮ǰûФժǹǾϹˡȻôôأȻȢܱɹˣҲ
ԹⲰ޶ںꡣ
ֳ֪ǵδ뿴һصֳǡ֮ǰѾһԼҡҡ
òˣֳǵֻԼҳΪһңϣ
ĻĽ
һμʱҲо˹ı仯ëֱڽǰͷ̣һ˿ˡ
Ļ̬޵ҹ¡
ڹȥ˼£ѾԽԽˡ
ܽӽ
ܳΪˡ
ܵ˵Ůˡ
壬Ѷžӹɣкӡ˵
ڿһۣû˵ȥԸ˻غˣοˣͬˣҲ֡
һ£Թ˵ң浽˹ϣö
һӽйⲵˡȻŮ˲̺ͬѵܽй̺
һҹȥʪ˱ӡϣʰ꣬űӰѱӱȥˡ
ڽʱϣȥⲣŮûϲģԼÿһ˯ÿ춼Ҫϣϴӣ
ڲھ˵㡣
Ϳⲵˡ
ϰµȥժ¥
峿ı̨ɾһ
ȥȻո𴲡
һɴ£ͷʺ߳ϻųĺΡ
ͯǰǣ֣·ǰױ
ЩԶǷ
йޣĬĬͷ
ǹġ
յĹյɬóˣĻۣȴ֭Ĺʵ
ȵ£ͯŶȥʣк·Ը
۾۾һӣӦɽƣ°ʡ
۾Ͳˣȫ
һ£Ҫˡ
ҡⲵ˵
ùⲽ̵
ڻǴֲʶʲôҲᣬѾǴˡ
ýһֱʵĴ̨սֻ٣͸˷ÿһǳɳĵٻҪʮ꣬ζ̵ʱóܸõʹǡ
ֻ̨һ£ܻһ꣬ԶȥЧҪ³ǿһƵֻȫ˶һ
Ҫ뽪վ
ʱ١ǰʶǵȻڣֱϰ߹¡
Ҫÿһ³£ǵʷ³ٵ⣬ΧµȵȣҪͨ׶Ҫɰ׻ġ
ǳԡҪôö⣬֪ԴⲣеĶԴеĺڰסϵĶԴ֮ʤ
еţҲ֪ж鷳ȨضǲϣǺġͱҪźۼƫô޹м
û˵ͻΪУɹһϵˡ
ԣҪôĳʶģ޺ġ
ֲù˵
ҪôӮ
̳һԵĴ
ֻĴ̨֧ߡǻȺԣϻᵥܳΪϻֻܵǣͬȺһԱ
û˼̫ãͷΣȻңҾͲùʧ
ժ¥뿪ȥ˱һ𣬽Ͷһλ൱
һĻǸ벻ġ
ƺķ֮ͱøˣЩĹʧˣȡ֮ľǸ롰лܿܵݡ⡱
ҵһϹ
ġ
ľԻϵģ֮ܵɵܵܵŮ֮һ
ûܵܵϵĹڸĵºΪҲðͷˣԼˡ
˽
˵ֻʮ꣬ʮꡣڽǰʱһϸˡĶԽ˵ͷ
ˡҲƽʺãҪ˵ʲô
ЦҡͷûʲôԸ߹ģҪഺ
Ȼ˾̨һ뿪ɡ
˳ӵ׼ͯȥǰԽ˵˵Ⱳʲôڵģǵûм޸ҵİˣڼ︧ܵܡ˵仰ͳȥˡ
ȥԽ˵Ըİɣ
ͷԷԼɴֻؾġԷĵܵܵĶӣĵܵಡ¶ӾˣĽܵӣڣҲûʲôȻôлأ
Ҫ֪ǸϲŭĹ
ɡ˵
⹫ȻԸģϳȥˣҲܵŮԵ鹫ķˣȻûʲôƷڹҲ𾴵ġ
ӵЦʣˡ
ûзϣ˵ҲñֳһĹ˼ǶҸһ㡣
Ҫֳǵ˶ȻǸġֲΪأ


278 
Ǹܰˣһƽ뵭Ȼ
˵Ҫ֮,岻֪ΰ,ֻȥѯ,һ̨ȥ˼ĺ͸߽壬סժ¥ȥ
ժ¥Ŀ𣿡Ǹİ,ԹġˡԹӦǲĵġ
,ϲġ˵
ûи߽壬̫įˡҪôһš,ǹ,ǽ塣
ܽͺ,Ǵֵڶû취ܹ¡
ľôסժ¥
һ䷿䣬Ů̺򡣵ϵʱ,ȴ͹Ůͯһڽǰ,̺ϴ¡
ﲻؾ˵
ͻȥºϰࡱһʹժ¥,Һľ»
лĺ,,Ҹȥݼˡ
˸ˡ
С󣬽ҵһˣҲǽԪĵڶ
޸Ԫֻһ裬Ϣ
ѡ
ز˻ǲҪȥˡ
ûȥʲôҲû˵ȻҾ͸ȥ̽ҲûжԽʲôӦǴӦת˵̨ʮѵãÿһ
ָ˼ͯ˽º壬ȥн
żֺʱе㵣ǲǳˡ
زͳȥɡ˵
һ£˵ⷬʱЦúᣬ˵깫ͿС
ʱ飬Ѿ벻ˡ
ڳȫ
ǵһ㣬Ӧȥˡ
ⶼҪ͹һֵġǰһĻָһʡ
ڹصֳ֮ǰеĹֻһţΪܾ֮λ޴ظ飬ˡ
ⲢζǸǿˡкܶȱ㣬ܣɫȵȡ
Щӡȫʧˣȥʶ
ڱ֮ҩڽºĹٷʱбһˡ
һ
һȻСû㹻ȨıǸȴѾһе
ӮΪܶ˶֪ôڴλϡ
һҪǿߣҪ˶ǿֻҪһǿҪ£һҪûе֡
ѱǿ˶ɱˡ
һ֪ܷΪ˵ֻܻȥ£˳ˡ
Ǹʱܾɱ
෴Сȴõϧ
ĸ縸ĸ飬һ޲ǳɳҲĸһǵ顣
ǸʷҲˡڸصֳʱһꡣӦþǽʷˡ
ڹɱҵˣȴ£ڻ͡˽ʷ
һĸ͸ĺϲСһ
ںʷôԴҲȥ뽫͸һԱǺεȵ衣˵ֻһʷ
İֻ˺ٵһˡ
ĵŵ˸١³Ѿûˡ
һ£Ĺʵá
~ѾԶˡ
ʱϱӵˣ벻ˡ
ȫ
ϣߵ˶ҸϣܺͽǰԵѽͷȥøȢٸӡţǹ뿴һĻˡ
ûͷˡԽġ顱
ᡰΨһԭֻῴòΪһ
ңȻλͬȴһҲܡס
û֮ǰʵѾԾˡ
ʵǣûп
ڶˡʱֻһͬ飬һԱһȡůˡ
ˣΪŮһĸ飬벻
Ҫôһˡ
ֱ뿪ңֱڣûҵһˡ
벻ĸ飬ˡ
뿪
ǳԼ־ʲôͣǱȥȥ
ˡ
ǰΪԽҵңԽ룬ϽңǶʲôʲôǺǻܣ˳ӡΪҡ
ˣǲҡֻǽߵһһˣû˻һ˵ҳϣΪ˶˻ϧкܶˣת۾ͻˡ
ɱʱ򿴵۾Ѳǵˡ
ʱ;ЩЦΪġҳϡЩʲôأ
ʵ˶ûǿɣǼ飬Ҳں
ڹߣˡˣŵһֱˡ
һжòͬ
Ȼڿʱǰˣֳɫū
پֿǶԵġ
ɳɫ壬ʣʲôأЩͳͳġ
Ψй
и£ˣһǻ۵ˡ
飬ϧĸ飬Ҫȫ
½º̨ʱеͷøᶨˡ
磬ɫͻȻˣ衣
һһվǰԹ˵ǱҲȥˣƽûˣ϶õˣɱ˼ҵˣǵ뼾ƽǲǸ̸̫ˣʹ³ʹܵõ鱨ɣԹȡʲô棿
ǲص³ڸ³鱨̫ˣرǹġ
οΪʹǰ˵³ҲҪۿ³кۣû֧ˡ뿴˵ʲô³ǹң˫ʮԶϲˣϲݻϲӡ
ǿúЦһ
˵Խ࣬³֮Խȫ
λǴ֣³תԹ˵ֻ֮һƽ˻ϰߣָø߳԰ʳūˡ
ͷڹôõǲᷴԵģƻ·򵥵İ취ˣֻҪɽʯؾĵ·ʳ³ˡ
Ҫȥһ²ܷ֣ôˡ
¡
ѳлǰĹϴ÷׷òɨĻҳϴɾˡ
վŻҳζĹ
ǰסĿޡ
֪ȥˡ
ȥԲܷʲô£ŬģúõĻȥˡһֱ¡
Ȼûܻ̫á
㡭㡭
뿪ʱվڵ⣬꽽͸ϵ·æϣֺͽŶɪɪ
ͷ̧
Ϊʲô屻Լһ̧ͷ𣬿ֻͷ׳ŵһ飺Ϊʲô㡭

ҡͷԹк
岻⣬Сж£˶֪ôܺ˹أ
ǽϵһˣҲ³ԾˡǸǳСˣǿвҲԡһգвͻᱻˡ壬ǲðᡣֳ̨ǶԹ˵ȫ
Ȼòԣǿ԰ͳȥ
̫ˡ˵һ۾ܲ³˭˹⣬Ǳ˿ץͬẦ˹
忴ǹ㲻ǡϲ
ڿ֣һ㶼ϲС
̫ƽˣһ޹صˡ
˵ʹȥҪٵ˫֣ưͣȻһ͵û֪ĵطȥչֱȥܾˡ
ģΨһĵķŹİ취
Ը⡣
Ͳٻȥ
ǲκһ˺ˡֿһۣͻȻ˼
κˡ
ع֮Ѿˣæϡ
ʱ˱ĵƻһ£ӿ˽Ų


279 бʦ
ڵڶ֪СԾϢ
Ĭһ,˰ˣ˺㲻ȥΪʲô
˿,ڿ⡣Сɱ,ȵڲ
벻ͨΪʲôҪɱ
治
˵̾˿һû˵أȹˡôľô˵ɡ
Ѿûʲôŵˡھ֪ôġ
˵ˣƽ
ȴ֪ˡ
Ϊǰһֱڵ
ǿԤġ
ǰǱū۸Լס,ǰȫġԼʱƱҪµĹȥָΪ˼롣Ҳ˵ɹĴƱ¹Ľ˲Ų
ū׼̫ªˣźص߼ȱݣǶݵ϶
һūȥ˼ֵֵñ,мū˼⡣
һԽ,ЩҪôԼµ,Ҫôҵһ˵ӵۡ
ٸ򵥵ӣʤ㡣
˵ֺǴƾɹ򣬽¹Ϊ
پٸӣū
ͬԼūݣȴҲҲµ֧ţӦľǶݱߵ˵ĵޡ
ūһˡ㲻£Ҳ˵Сѡ·עкܶˣҵͬ飬ҲʲôԵķչ
ҲһΣյ·ϣȥҲȡġ
ΪԼһɱ֣ɱΪһʥɣػ
ǣѵηС
ʹС̨вˣ˰ˣıݺ鷳ˡѵֲˣ
Լô
ЩˣĿǰ³ڣ˭ƾһĽƷ³֮ˣףҲвԣȤ
ĬڵӣˣֹͬҲû෴Ӿ񿴴һֻΡЦߵı顣
ԭ򣬵֪˴¡
ˡհŭѹȥֻһ䡣
ŴӣԣҪеķڷС
ƽԼ
˵ҲȷʵǸСӣ嶯һѣжһ㣬ԽܡСʹУ硣ʱȻˣһƲһơ
㵣ĵĶԡ㣬Сס̨˿Ϣȥ𣿡ʣˣôȥģôģ̨ڳɸˣ
ģС㵣ĵпܻᷢǾʲô»ᷢ;ʲô
ʱˣȷʵͬڡѵ
е㼤е
Ŭҵʱֻ˽ΰ䡢ȽӵܣһЩҵĲˣкܶ཯Թ񡣡
ǸҪСˣЩˣһ֪˭Ҫɵҡ˵
˲ɫ԰ף
ðɣסˡ򲻶ԣҪĲµķ˼ת䡣
ֻһ˵һ¿кܶĽ취ֻɱһ;ⲻص㡣̾˵һҪ󡣡
̷ȥ֮
Ҫȥ̫ߣ̫һѧϰ˵
ҪµĹ򡣲ǽѧĸ෴ҪѧǽЩͳĽ
ڿʼЩˣΣϣü
ΨһȷˣԶĲˡ
ǰ벻Ϊ˽ģȻͷԵ⣬ȴȻûмʱٲľˡ

ǳʷǹֽţȴͻȻȥ̫ߡ
ζŹҪ
ҪȥѧϰĿΣǲıģ̫һѧϰҪѧı̫Ӹá
̫𣿡Դҳһţǿзһɡ
Ҳǡ˵Ҹ㡣ȥѧɣܴȥ˾ͻ֪Ҫѧʲôˡ֪УҪѧòܻҡ֮ͿԻˡ
ûеȻֵ֣֪ܿȥ̺̫ˣ
ϵĻֱֻʰ˽˹֡
һֱ֣쿴ȴ˲١һԵãȻˡ
ȥֿ£ֱ׵ĸϲҶС£ϣҺ̫һѧϰ
繫˵ģ֪ȥѧʲôѧǻ̫֮ѧľʵ֮ǰΪǹڴ̫֮õϰΪӴ̫һֵܵ鿴ʺѧϰʵ£ѧᣬҲݵó̫ɣڸ潪κʱһҰԣ֮Իǻס
֮ⷴ
ڿ㡣ѡĽ̵ΪֵܶøáĴҪѧôΣգôӦΣգҰʮ̫ҪѧΪʵ¡
ء
ΪҲԣҪʵ£
ѵԲ
ɱС󡭡һڹûбҪȥɱˡ
˵ȥѧѧҡ
ζӳ¡
һֱΪԼǶԵģҲΪµֶΣΪԹ˵ֻһͨˡ
̴̫ӣ̴֡
ڹʼˡ
ڹߣ¶ʹҪš˵
ǰĿࡣ
ôˣʡ
ƴҡͷܳȥˡ
ղţЦˣ
ûЦֻԹЦҲЦǶбҪЦ
ղҲǶЦ
ԭЦӡ
סؿڣԺǰʱʱ΢Ц֣һͺˡ
ʵʵڽǰЦ죬ʱʱʷûˣбѡ
Ҫĳټһˣ
𣿡ѰϵƹȥǾͰЩˣд³
Ȼ֣ܶҲöڵдǷǳģ˵Ѿܲס࣡
ԪλҲû¡ǰǽҡңھǹˣʵǸɵöûʲôҪȥֲĵط
ǾܿĶһ飬硣
Ҳ֧ôǺܺõѧϰԴĹп³Ĺϵࡢκԡ֣ȹַЩ仯۹֮ϵ
ҲԴӸǵĹƷЩǳصĴСǿԼ̨ҳϵĴȡ
ȴӱҪɿöࡣ
ҪǸ󹤳ˣѾ˰꣬ÿĶڶʮʮΪҪӦµҪۡ
˸⣬ùдܽᡱԺΪùдһںܽᣬȻԱܽᣬٶݾɶˡ
ĳһĴΪߣдһܽᣬٿͻץסص㡣
͸ˣÿʮùдܽȻٿ
ֻд죬˵۲ʡˣϣҲΪĿǰһãòɵİ취Լһ
Լŵġ
㵱ӴӴϣҰɣǲˣ⼸ʱҪ˰æδ䣬һ̴ӣ˵
һµܵȥˡ
һЩεĽˣһŵһбڹղڵǸСʽǲʲô²Űѽʷ͵ģ£ԸϹġ
֪Ǻˣ͹ȥǻԽ뽪˵Щ˵ġ
û£ô࣬˵ϲ˵Ĺ£ȥˡ
ᣬⲻڵõġοѸٸˡ
ҲˣԼҵȥ
Ѿںˣëʣˮڲдš
ƺЩⲷֶûκӰ졣
Ҳû˵ʲôΪ˵ʲôûá
ҪɱҲ⡣ɱΪϡ
ԣǡΪˡҲ˿и
ȹд󿿹ȥ˵֣ҪȢˡ
±ʣ֣˻
Թ
һ飬һߺ½ƼԼŮҲֹһŮȫ˶üֱǵʱ֣ռλĽͬҲԼκ
ڽܾ֮µĽҲܾĺ⣬κƺڿǣֻ֣ˡԭŮڻعˡ֣ʹѾӭȢһˣĹǡô
ֻ֣Լ֣Ժ֣ס˵
ӦˣⷽϢѾûˣܿƵ£Ӧˣ˵֣Լˡ
ǣ֣ԹԼٶȵ޽Լ
鱨Ȼ벻취ŸܷǣΣʱˡܷǸ취߽֣ˡ
֣ѾˣԶˡ
дһ飬Դ壬֣ס˵
һ߰Ѳ̺ãһʣ𣿡
ȢҲԡ
ɽҡͷס
еëͣˣüȻѾ֪֣ԽˣǻǲҪˡ
ΪǽˣǲſԲ֡Ŀ෴
֣ȷҪȢĹˣŸд顣
ɵ֪ǧ֮ӺεȹأΪ˵ôĻ˶ùĻǿ
һӣдĻ潪ס
֣˴Ӧô죡ŭˡüȢҪô춼Сô˶㲻һ֣еٻأ
֣ԼΪȢ
룬նܡ
֣ӻ˲ҪôõѣȲڣ
ܸ֣ģܸܸøࡣȢ֣ԵľһǿĻ³ûа⣬˵³ҷ֣ŵù
Ҳðһ֮աѲ£ãƸڵݵλΪߣĿǣΪϡ
⻰ڵͷһ
ˡ
ǰȻʡ


280 䰮
֣׵ºܿʹ̨˳Ⱥ鼤ܡ
ֳǵ˻ֵŴĹû֪мŮ,Ҳҿġ
Խĵӵٴµ͡ڴһŪȨƵǿƹһƵͨһͨ,Լҵģôƶа
˵ڽϵ˶,һ˵Ǯ˵,Ůӣϲд𣿺οǹ,˵,ֻ֪ҪԼǮܼ޲,ܼ޵ﶼԼ
ǶΪҪӭȢζѾմȨˣϾζųˣοѾ̫,µ³һѣ³øӰ̩
ֳ˿Ȩ,һ⡣һʼΪǽ͹Ȩ,ΪǽȨ,ֻǸ,Ϊʵǽ͹ȨǰŵöãýѽȫɵˣλͲȨ⣬곤ÿڹиܵܣԺأͶ֣۲ãҲʰ
ֳԼͰһжͨˣͽҲ±֮ʿǶôõһֵܽð
õϢĽ֪˵ʲô֣׵´ȥʱ뵽ַӦû뵽ЧôãôѸ١
ɼֳ˱ط˸ϣƽϣϲҪֵСһ˵ǼʶԽ࣬Խˡ
ԽϣԽС
ȥ֣Ҫһɿ³ˣͲˡҲʣʲôΪ֮
˵ұⶡǿҲ̫ӵ̽һʼǶƣֻǰѶǿڽ߶һʱһҪˣû뵽̫Ȼﶼƭȥô¶޴ţˡ
̽ѵӦССģô
ͽǵ˼ǣƸͲ˿εѽҪСġҰġ
أ
㵹ǲΪ⣬󣺡ΪԼ¹˾Ϊñܻ˭ˣŸ
֮أ棬֮ʹڸĹһûǹ𣿡
˼Ƭ̣̾δز֪ʲôֻôֿϧ˵ֻ֪һ
ҲĬˡ
˼˵һˣΪ˼붼н̵ȥҲһ޴ˣΪֻĶûԼ뷨
Ц̸ˣ֪޵ôܰȥǻˡ
ô֪Ķˡ
Ҫ·ƽˣӲԼˡ
֮ڶǿ˽ʵ̽ûô˼ǰͰ齲ദúܲ
룬ʹ㣺ùһ𣿡˼ǣⲻ᲻ᱻ￴𣿹֮ЦҼ̫ӣһѰСڹǰȻǲһϣҲǼ̵ֽģ̸̫ӻڱ
ⲣСͻࡣܵúܿСƷζһ»гڵ˼
һС
ӹ˵һֱɹСʱܾͶλȺ
˵ôҲĵ̫ͷˡ
Ȱѽﺰ˵Ҫ
̵Ѿˣûʲô˵ǽ̴ĴɫЩš
죬ǹ㽲ˣʲôļǵ֪һʴ򡣡˵ýȥˡ
һˣڵ
̫ӾŸոտɣܸһѧϰ
ղŽɫԣ֪һ뵽ˡȷʵǸѰĺӣڹвţķӦȽˣֱһһء
ܸ⣬ѽ򷢻ȥˣֵ̫ܣףǰûŻʹ׽ˡ̫ӺʹϤûˣǲ̫ġ
ȥ󣬽̹ô˵
˵Ҿãǲ̫ġǺ⡣۽Ҳ߿ѹ˵ƽʱҲҪעˣ̫ӶԹ̫нġĵİ̫Ҳɵܵˣ̫˹ģʱˡ
Դӻص̨󣬽ǱԽԽ
빫ԽԽԶˣǲ֪ǲǻǣǲǻǵˣľͰǸˣӴͲҪˣ
Ƕ깫֮ȻĹϵ
ʱǹɱ̣ǰߣ뿪̨Ϊ˲ôܵв
أ̲Ǵв
ǵһֱڰУҷ
ƻʱ̫ӹȥͬ͡
һͷֽɫԣʣʲô£̫ӲȥѲɹˣ
еĵǸ߽ǡ
ǿһ۽ͽЩ䵭ʣǻɹͲÿ룬̫ӽչʱû뵽ڻİɣ
ɫʱˣŵɫҰףҡͷ˵ôһɹûûУ
ǲңûС˵ûǣǾڵгһջẦǡ
ҡͷǲĹẦǡǵĵĴԼ
ǵĹΪ˴˺̫ӡ˵ôأǵѾˡݱ̫Ӳܼλ̫պ뺦ȻʲôµģͯչֵĽ̧ͷ
гһգ̫ҪվǱߵĻǵ˵
ᶨҡͷǾԲģͷʯûˣȻһɡ
ˣǱ֤Ǿ̫Σġ
ǵͷ빫ôҲΪô̫ӱֵܡ
˿Ц˵ȻǶԵġ
ŸŽȥʺã󼸸꣬ȥ
Ǻܷʢģһ
󣬽̫һˣͽһ㽪֡
ˡ˵סֽдһ顣
ĲڴˣдٶҲǲסҲָһֱϰ˯ʱͣ
̺򽪵ϴһ
ӺܾǰһҪ˯ڽǺͽм˯š
ϣˡ
ȼŻ棬ºڣҹҲϨƣһҪܶõĲС
˵ȢҪһ˯ˡʱǾ㡣
ҲԸ⡣ſڱͷţҡҡͷ˵Ҳ˯̫ˣҲø̫ӡ˾סлȥ
̾˿۽ǣȰǲẦġ
͵ô˸£ڱһţϥǡ
˵ôôιȥ֣ȢңẦ㡣
ɲô˵һ㷴ӦûС
ʿǣʾҲȰ
Ϊʲô¹Ƕ֪ΪͶ˵ˣ˵õģҲˡ
ʱͽ˵߽һֶ˵ȥϽ
Ȼ˵ȴǵ
Ժӹ绢
ǰǽȰǺٿڡ죬ȴԽ˵ǵĹһɱ𣿡
ʶʱ
ǲԽС˵ɱԭҪͰߣҪ޵ȥֻҪϹ뿪ѹ޵ȥʲôõĵأ
ʱ̽ͷ𣿡
С˵Ҫǻ£ľСô˵ôôͲҲҪɱˡ
ġ𣿡Сʡ
ס֣С˵Уʱλλ̫ӣ
ãͷڴʽǣʲôʱܰλ̫ӣ
װ˼źҡͷڻСֻҪĻʱҲ¡
૵̫ӡ̫ӡ̧ͷŽʺͽǣСʣ̫뵱أҿ԰λ𣿡
ʺͽǶˣǽ˸
ƺڲ֪䣬Ҳɳˡ
ǡ
ҡͷǲеġڴ̫֮䣬ϲ̫λ´ԸҲСġ̫Ӿ͵̫ˡ
ʧĿŽǡ
ţǸϲġȻҲΪ֪һܺú£ܶ˶뵱
ܶ£˶뵱ܶΪ˵ϴɱɱ޶Ҳкܶûϴ
ʲôû͵˴
ΪϲŰ˶Ҫλ
ãϲҲ뽪һ
һû취ԭµ£
ԣ뵱õܻ֮ܿһСľʲôù˵¡
ֻǸӣǰͲù˵ˡ
ΪϲҲܲ
ûôϲͺˡ


281 ͼı
յ峿,ºǰĹףϻг¶,һ飬Ĵɨš
վڹǰ
һͯ,ú񹨼ˣһʼⲻΪǹҵĺӣ⺢һһˮµĿ,֪ˡ
ͯ,˵,ȥ
ͷģǣ߽ȥ,һ߶˵ϳ˼
гָͯ,
ⲰָȥһǶ
,ٿԼָ,ôû취ָֻԼŪһ,ΪѵҪˡ
Ⲽ,ȦһҪӣæסָ֣ҲأǸСѡ
Ųˡ
ʱһЩͯѾ첽Ѱˣں峤æǣָ˵л򣬹ڵˣȥɣҡ
ȹǰˣǸͯߺߣ㲻Ҫڴǰ޵ģôˣ
ָ
ָͯͷôǲʶ
˿ǻϳ
ָͯͷٸһˡ
ˣЦСͯʵҲԿȴ׬һ
ڣֻʮͯܿ칫߾Ͷ˼ɽ
˵
ǳʩһ£˵⼸մ̫Ӷġ
ǳֹۡ
˵̫ͻȻ䱿ˡ˾Цˡ
ҲЦҡͷεȥǺã
ദΣʡ
ѵܹⲿ϶˵ʵϱ˵ĸãǴ̫ӣ̫ӶԴǶǳ⡢رĶһã
̫ǰʽĺãڹⲿ·Ϊʲô̫Ӷȸɱ⡣
̫ӶԴǾԶ֮ĺáԴǶһߵӶ֡
֮⣬ͻȻ䱿ˣ̫ҲԵñǰҪ֪Ǽǿģ֪̫ӵˮ׼˵˸ˮ׼½ɣϲȶǿ
ӵ̫һˣõȥ֪һ㣬ŹٵǶ壬µİ֮ס
ɹǿԼȴǹһ̧ȥġ
ˣ̫ӳҹˡܴ̫ӳʲô⣬ΪĴ
ܿУֻҪô̫ӶѧˣǱֳӲ⡣˵
﷢࣬˼ĻҲԼ̵̫ӣ̫ԽѧԽǾ⣬Ǵ̫ӵĴ
ʱǿ˵
ҪǣҲһɡ
ʹˣͦˡʱ乫Ѿ⣬ˡ
˲֪صֳǰһ۹¡
ǿⲣ򽪼ٶԹһҾ򡣡
ͬΪպˣ˵ҲֵܡĵⶡСͦڼӣôˣһ֣Ц¡
˵Ҫȥ֣ˣϧҶ֣һ֪תͷⲣָһ
Ⲳ֪Ҫǿȥ֣Ϊ׵£֣˽ҲֻǷ˵ó֣жٸǣжЩϣЩϵʷЩԶǿİ
ǿҪ֪֣£ԸƢĽİãȵȡ
֣ڼλ֮ǰû˹עȻ֣һֱڣʮ꣬û뵽ôͻˡ
֪϶ָָ㶡ǿҲڹǰ¶̣Գ£ҡͷЦڵ֣һ֪ʵڲ
ǿæˡ
ǡתͷͯһ˳Ҵ֣˸ˣô˵İɡ
ͯǸˣ˲ס
ʰԹⲺͶǿһҾʵǺ£
ָŶǿ˵ö֣ȥΪף֪֣Σ̸֪
˭
Ǻʱ֣ģ
ô֪֣£
ʴͷðǿ빨Ⲷûеѯʣϴӣȴ
Ŷһ˵ֻڼСЦ֣Ǹʵˡ
֣Ǹʵˡ
ûλ֮ǰʵĲ񻰡֣Ĺӡö࣬ҲöࡣһĨӰӣ·һŲ۵ʯӣûעҲûں
˭ҲûϵܼλҲû뵽ܷû뵽λ
ʵˡЦҡͷԶǿ˵㵽֣Ҫȥݼ֣С
ǿĬĬͷ
޵߼֣ûһֱ˵׾ڵĹҲвٿġ֣˭ΨΨŵŵûʲô⡣Ѿˡ
˵֣еľ£ƺЩʶҲ䡣
˵Щ͸ˡ
ߺ󣬹ںʵӺδѰˣ
Ϊ𣬻øϽֱԵ֣С
ˡ
̾Զ׿ʶĳҲ
׻ʲôû㵽ģ
Զǿ˵ȥ֣ؼŻǶ֣˽̫ˣ꣬ײɣҲҪ֣佻Ҫ֪֣¡
ǿð亹֪𲻳ֻ¹ͲˣҲϣ
Ҿزʧ
һȥͲ֪ڡ
ǿؼҺ˻ظȥˣ½飬Ҫӡ
ܿ˵ţͽģӵģҲдԼֶԼԼġ
ǿһһӼ־ʶ֮ˡ
Ȼһ˵İݷЩˡϯϯ塣
ǿ֪ϯ壬бڹң꣬θһȻҲϯҺˣȴûټҲûһȥ֣ͨأ
ǿϯ¾Ʋˡ
Ȼֳ֮⣬԰ռȻΪ֣ҲͬΪѡϯ˵ֵܡ
ݣ̸Щʫֻ󣬾ֵƣ·ΪͶ
ƺ֮ʣǿˣֳʲôΪѵ£Ҫ޵뾡ܵ
ϯҡͷ֪ʶǳã˲żüãҵĵط
ǿʣֳԹˣ
Ըѧ־ȴ䣬ֲϯ岻ʡ
ϯ廹ҡͷֻ̾ǲ֪ܵȶá⸱һչ
˵Ȼ¡
ϯֻʣһˣǿ뵽ҲЩȻãֳдģβ
ϯ̧ͷĿ¶ڴ֮ɫ
˴꣬ۿŹδ򣬽̵̵ֽ̫ӣȴûš뿪ңҺúõߣԣɹȴѵܺƤȥҹ
Ҳûȥҽ󽫾һʼĿժǹ
Ϊʲôʵ벻ͨ
Ϊ뿪𣿹
ϯֻʣһ
²Ų㣬
ҳԭһΣλУҲˡ
д񣬶ǿϽֳαˣ
ϯ͵ܽң
ǿҲ֪Ϊʲôϯ壬ùƺûŻ֮΢ίΣ
ýȣҲóȻָϯ壬һָ·ϯһοҲ˽ϯ塣
ʱڸղŲøϯҲˣҪղװͺˡ
ǿԥֻõҿֳ취һ£ܱ֤һн
ϯæл
ڶ죬ǿͺˣȻӦ˾ͲܲҺҪʹ֣¶෱ӣ˰£ȸѲ͵ˣҪˣٴ빬ʱûһϯ塣
ŶһԭȥɣҼǵ
ǿֻ˵ǵϯ壬ȴû˵Ҫôǲ
ֻðϯĪֳڹУΪҪϷŪСܣ
ϯɶͷԣĻּϲһʱţվǰٻȥʸҲˣֻȥ
ǿ˵ϯˣ˿ϵ˵ߺ󣬴ҪҲҪš
˵ӺαؾͬΪգպ˵ҲӼ֡
ǿҪ˵żΣƢԶ֪ô˵ҪҪңҶֻһΪңҪʲôˡ
οﻹСա
ǿ֮ǰĳˣڣֻǲ֪ʱʣ¼ˡ
㿴ǸϯдãֻʱѣԽãͼԽ
Ҫϯ౨
ĩʼϽֳǵĸ˰ʱҪ׵ĳǳأӵĳǳء
ҲˣĹϣЩ˶ϯһá
Ȳ裬űХ԰˵ѹ
һ̤ȥܿܲκ³
ʲô˹ѵһأɱЩ˲ˣ
Ц³ء㲻ҪСߡ
Ψһǵǹ
Ѿ˹Ĳ֣Ⲣģˡ
ΪͬʱҲ˹Ƣ
ϲС
ǰŴ͸ҵֻһ͸㾡ңڣڽº³гǳ֣ͼһ
ʵûʮɵİգȴҶȥ


282 
쵽,Ϳ쵽ˣ
һ˳µµֳǶȥ
뽪Ķ,Ǵκˡ
ȥκʱĴæʱǴһˣǴ˺ܶ纣ͽȢκŮӣκ͵ɵ̴ӡ輿輿ּȡ
κ纣ͽýˡ纣˽Ȱ潪һеκǣŴŽ굽֮ǰˡ
ӵ纣ͽ˵,ǾҪֳˣ
纣ĽϥǣЦڻؼˡ
Щһֲ˵ڵη塣
̫
纣ﶼûмáκסپ,Ҳ³ˣҪġǻ̫,ֻ³ĺ¾ֲˡ
Ҳδֵң
н,λӣ
ò˵,ҵĴ£Լγʹκ,κΪϱҫ,ýԽԽ¡
ȥֲôԸηѣηգη裬ʣµһ֣Լ뽪ֵ֮顣
纣֪ʵǵС䣬ʲôûָɹˡǴģǰ뽪ҡԼʲôûɹȻʲôϸɣűʲô׼ã͵ǰ
纣ƫƫֻܿ
Ȱ˽һȽ˳ţֱȥ̨ˡ
ģ
ֻȻؼҡ
纣˲ϻԼңȸŽһĻɽ
ϴŽӭԽκ˿Ϊ⣬ʮϲǣѷ䰲뽪ĵطϽͬס
ϴ֮󣬲һ飬纣ʹŽ̸ȥݷý䣬һ̶
ȥܵұȥˡ
纣һȥͲˣҲܽȥﴫĽҲЩ
ϼ¶죬ȵ䡣
˵棬ֻϵ̺ϲ¶ɫҺǻˣ壬Ҫ̨ͣö˶Ҫȥȴûλ⼸춼Ҫˣ
纣һ߾ǽһ꣬æʶļҪȥһȻһЩҵС嶼
ûңţ
ҡͷ
ΪΣ纣æʣΪң˭ģЩ˼ôϴģ
ϽԭЩ˼ҶժǹǮһЩ֪ĹְûйֻһһʼЩ˻Ц
ȴڴĵУͬϽǵ
£ǰЦЩ˵ķЦϾ֮һ
纣ŭȻǸǮΪβͣ
ſڽ࣬һŮܵ˼£ĸֶǼѾϽҵ׶ȥˣαٶ໨Ǯȥҹأ߾⼸ˣô᲻ýʹκأ
纣ͷΣҲ˵ֵĲǣʣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ򽪴󽫾°Σ
ȥ˵ˣɽ󽫾ؾˡҾûŬ
纣˵͵վѽ
Щŭ
纣˲ˣѹȥ󽫾Ȼϣߣһоˣ
ӲǱŽȥժǹ
Ҽ˾ʧǰղͣ˻ȥɡժǹǰ̴ӺܿҲܼĵ·Ϸ纣뽪ȥ
д˱ʵ䵱治ң
̴ӿ۽ЦŭҼ˽ն˼ⵡ
ô˵Ҳû뽪ȥһһֱŲÿ·
ժǹܷ˺ܶ࣬ѾˣңľͲˣʱʱһȥ˺￴
󽫾ġ
󽫾ء
ֳ󽫾ָ䡣
еķִЩ˵ʧˡ
Ѿܹнûӣ
ߣ
صһתϳˡ
纣Ȼ񽪱ô¡
ǰǸСС̴ӿͿģپ޹⣡
纣һ𾴣纣ڽǰ˵£ְأ
纣ȷʵǽȥһҾ󽫾壬ĳ»ݷá
̴ӻ񣺡ߡ
纣̾˿ߡһ겻ڣֳѾòʶˡ䣬һһҪؼҺҪú˵һ˵ײǿŽʲôеģ̨ȥס̨֮Ĳֻ࣡һЩǮΪʲôأ
Ҳ֪⼸깩ӦѾЩ׽ˣΪ˽ҲȥκȥκӵҲܿģʶ˲٣ջ
ֻϧµȫǶӵˣʱʵӦһܹʱƵ˵ġ
纣̾ϢѣؼҺ鷳ġȥκ˶˺ôµ˰ҲһζԹǣҪĹͷҪһŬкýھ̫ˡ
˰죬ûǸվڳǰ˼
ߣ͵һţһʶһ֣ˡ
纣̱ӻһ߱ãӦϳˣ˶ˡ
ӿɶ񣡡纣öˣ潪˶£һ²
纣öˣݺݵĵһԶȥ˵ڶὪֱҶȥ
ڶɵ̨Ȼŭʹȴˣ˴ˡ
纣˵ЦŰɣ
֪纣ûٴδһȥ䣬ֹˣ̨
Ȳعҡ˵Һͽһϵƣ߻ǣţĲ˶ߡ
һ¡
εʽʣΣ
ϻۣҡͷǲá
ûˡ
ʱǼ¡ӻǸðգҪøһ㣬ڽҪϯ磬ҪӼʹߺ󣬲ġ
һСԭתһԭǾš
жҡ
˵ģеģеΡΪ벻µز
ԭڣ
Ϊ͵ɱԪ£
ܻ־嵽ز
˲ٰʺͽǶ˵ΪʱҲֲ̨ʱ򣬽ԪزҪˣūݣṬﻹһƣǿûټˣʱʱľһʬڽǻۿ˼˷һǸˡ
Ϊʲô
ȡ
Ӳס
á
˵Χûˡ
ʡСǡ
ʡ
ǡһĺھû˵ʱŸС
ȥĶˣ
ǲʲô⣿
ץˣɱˣ
ô죿ô죿
ڴ࣬żĲû˷ﻹиˡ
úܺá
סԶҴ
Ǽ꣬ڽԪӰҲúܼѰɡ
һ㶮ˡ
ڽĿУǼΨһϣܾຣҲصµľǡ
뿪ʱӡܻûжԴ󽯺ӡ
ǽڶӡǡɱ˽ԪһĻˡ
ڽǰһ뿪ˣΪýʱڴ߻ᾪϲࡣ
˽뽪ʵĻȻþϲ
Ȼץص㡣
ֱܺ
óλѴø뵽ýԸĻʡºܶࡣ
֮λȷʵһ⡣Ϊû취λϵǸˣֻǶûвˡƴӣڷԼ뷨֮ѿԼȥ
ʶûжԵͷ붼룬ֻʣһ취Ǿ
Զĵˡ
ΪܱܴʱͻȻдĵط
ʾϲķֹ˵ʱЦúܿġ
֮ǰ˵ȰȰôûõġתӣЦ˵Ͷ˵ôҴûҲԶҵĶ֡һСָ͸ġ
ΪԼˡ
ȴڽһʱѽĻԭⲻѧ
ʾͿһڴʣô˵𣿡
ô˵ġĲõģڹʲôء
ɵɻȥϲ𡭡̫ˡ
ʶˣҲŽһȰ԰ҪԹĻôôͺˣǧ˵ǵͷ԰һҪ
æͷҶ
˱һֿЦ


283 ϣ
Ժܶ³˵һҲʶʲô
һ׼ֹͨƽգҹҲˡ
εֳĸǹ,ȫûʲôֹŵһ,һ,һ,ǡǵĸܶû
һҫ˵ӱ֡
,ʾ⽪ڴ֮ǰټһ,ʾ֮١
ܽ,ʲôᣡ
Ҳܽ,Ϊ֪ʲôᡣ
Ͳ,ʱﲻ̥ǡ
ҲûҪôѽװһ£޲СԵϲ˱ӡ
˿ɹο,ģǸպôֳʿ˵ַ򡣹,һӶŬñ⡣˵ܵܺ͵ܵܵĶ,Ҳûֳ֮⡣޸ĸ¡汲ʧȥĸʵڴҲ¶ࡣɼĥ˹۸һǺĵõġ
Ƿֱѯǵġ
Թ˵ҲôڽºӼЩˡ
ͷ,áº̫ʽ,ڱĵطԵ⡣еʲôʧĵطҲܽ͵ùȥһùԱš˵
ͷżеʲôʧ󣬴Ҳһ˵ĵʣⲿԴһ»⣻ӳڳᱻΪηǹϡ
ôϷ˵
Ӽӿ϶Ҫ׼ĿѾ֣ˣˣԽĿѡҲԷḻһ㡣
ǾͲһ̸ֱʫˡĽĿߵĻȼҲ򵥡
ȷϷ¥ΡļֱŮСǵṴŷϵϣѦɵӾֻˡɼŮҲи֣֮û֪ʶĶ治һס
֪ʶ۹ƻѦɵӣʱߵĶǼֱһģõһ
ýǽ϶
ˣù취Ҫ뵽һֻԵý̰棬ȴԵ޲ŵϷ
̾һѰɫ˫ļˣǸ質ֻ࣬ҪЩ˭ӮˡͲôԼʫˡ
һҡͷ˵УһдС˵Ȼػ¶ӡ
һӶõϷƽʱҲû԰˵˼ˡ
ʵû취˵ôװɡװɤӲʲôľˡ
⻰˵û죬ˣ
ЦúúãͲ˵ˣ
̨ʼټˣһ*ӿ̨һЩ˾ͽȥһΣ춼ͳˣҲеŽȥü죬ɼϲ
ϷҲˣȻйһֱҲסġ
ֳǵ˷ֹƣϷ֮󣬸ˡ
һ˾͸ˣΪһֱûټǡ
ڼòӣԼҹȥĽҲȥֻʣ±ļ檲òŽûмӻֻ˳ŽûȰŭһֱϨԽԽеԽֱ׳
ϷĶԽ˵ȥǺã
һ˵ҲûϢ𣿡
һҡͷ˵
Ҳ̾Խû˿ģһֺôǶģ޸ҲΪ˼ѡ
뽪񣬵һӰľǡ
ѹܲһֱȥ
ɡǲȥǸġ
ߣǸء
纣ҲԼģҽˡ
һƣ֮ǰ˵纣˵˸ժǹȻֶҲֻǻûм
ڼСġ˵ý
󣬽𽪼
԰ҲԸ
ûͽȥڹſھͱˡ
ǡã˾
ڹǰ𣬿䣬һʱŭͷͳȥס䣡ҹ
ɭĿ
䣡ûֵļһҹһܣ˭
Ƥĺоһì
Ϊû֮һĶ֣
ϣǰץԱСеĳìͳֻ֮üеìȥƲˤڵأìӲסˡ
ˤڵϣʿĻ

䣡
޵У
ΧˣǶˡ
ûôҲûôܹ߳
ضתΧ˶ڳЦ
͵ðγվȥһ
հѵץﲱϾ͸еһɭ
һìĲϡ
վǰһìһİˣý֪µ֡Ͼͻһ
ɱ
ͷ˲䣬еĵˡ
亰ӣߣ
ججı˷ˡ
Χֵ˱ɿɫֶܿˡܿ죬ǰ˶߹ˡ
俴۸ʵĹţˡ
û
̴ӡ
Ĳٽ̨ˡ
Ҳûߡ֪£ͽͻһرϡ

һȥһȫܽܵˡ
ˣԷⲻˣøԷˣԷٱǿֻٶȸԷޡ
д񲻵£Ҳûջİ뱣
Ŀӭ⣬һСŮڿĵЦ
ûпȥţǳȥˣȹٽȥ
ˡܿ
Ĺ
ûµʱ򣬵ſԴʲôȥ룬߲۹ʱͻĽй˿˵һЩл˵
ĺܻһ⣬Ҳ˵Ķ֪ԶȤ
һֱ˵Ķҵľ¡
һʼܻǷŲңԲԾľͿʼܵܣǶôŬڷܡ
͸˵Ůʱڵ¡ʱϲ·ϲĲϡ֯һҵƯӣһҵĽãѷֵĻ
üСڽǣĸƫԽ֪ΪһȹӺͽ˰Ȼų治¶Ǻ˶Է֮á
Ϊȹ㴩˿ġ
ˣȢ
ʶĸҲּɣĬһĽС¡
Ȼĸ汲ֲܸṩ̫ı׵ҪչˣһƬ굱Уֻû䡣˵ҡ
˵㲻õܵܣʱ԰Ҽ
˵ҵӣһ㡣
Щڿֻһʱ嶯ʱҲôģվܾȢ˱ˡ
ͺˡ˵£ڵһˡ
ʱҵҼԺ󣬵ܵҲȥңǵܻܵӵպܻ𣿡˱˼ҵĶ飬̧ͷͦصӵ
˼ǰ󣬰һжһһҸѡܵ븸ĸҵʱ룬Ҳҵڵ±ղۣ˵ûбõܵܣҵܼܵ¡ˣܱһ˸ҪοﻹѾȥˡ
˵Ըصġ
һֱĬĬţȴͻȻ˿ڡ
ҪԸ⣬ҲԼˡ
һֱˣʵҲûֹͣ˺Լ
˵ĺѾˡš
ֻѾˡ
ĿɿڴβŽЦ˵Цˡ
Ҳһ㶼ӵа飬Ҳ
ȴǱðˣվӲӲĸǣӦˡ


284 ˼
ĵվ򽪼У׼,˽ͻ,ùдһݿƷԵ飬˵鹫ڼ,ࡣ
ǽԼˢһµᣬպ˵ĵУ顪ɥ°Уܹ
ڻȥҲãϰ,ҵŮӾҪ굽̨ˡȶŽЦ˵һ䡣
һۡ
,ҲȷʵǲˡѾȢ֣Ůζǳ,Ȣ֮ǰ,ƱҪ³ŮΧ׷½ء
ǵһأ˵ǹʱ,Լͬ,˼Ů,Լҵ,ҲѼҵġ
Ҫ³Ϊ,һɮΧȻýĻ룬ǰһֻǵţ¡
ĺҶ̫ˣͽһµľЩС塣
Ҿô¡
ײҵһƷ֤ġ
Щ嶼ܾôʱϷֻҰĴĵһʱţͳûġ
ٶҾͺˣҲԴһʵġ
ҲÿϧڰлкʵŮԾͺˣϧӺ͵Ѿȥˣⲵں껹û²ʺһֱԼˣûţƾͻٳɹ֮ǰˡ
ҾͲ˵ˣu֮ǰûȢޣǽŮʣŮִҲû̫ġ
Ѿɵˡ
ĿǰĶϯңҲʡҴ嶼ڸֻһǿˡõϵҲʣĽᣬҲĻ᲻ᱻ䷴ƣ亦
Ϊ̵ֿ֡ʦ֮ˡ
ôһ룬Ҳģ෴˵ʵġ
㻹ǲŹѵĻᣬ̾պɲҪնɱʱ·ǸԼһ·
ͷ̣ܽʵԼɱԲأ˱Ҫֶ֮⣬ľȨ
㻹ûһ²Ҫ̰죬ʱܳ㣬αôҪԸأȼ꣬Ǹã
һ룬ְѻʻȥˡˣǵԼˤӣ˿ٽá
ңҲ׹Ҳ̲ס
֪ǰм¿ʱҲˣΪʲôͲһţ˭̵סأ
лǿԪҴӡ
ԪǸСǣˡԶԶֳǣΪһʼ֮˽ĽȶľǴ˵أԪ
֪ΪʲôԵʡ³ʷбԹȥˡ
ڿԪػûʱ򣬽ְѹɽ¡
ιʱ˵ΪֲԣԪѵгƵ۵Ұģ
ʱ۸ողŽû꣬ҲǶЩ󹦳޿ͣŰǸȥȻڵ۶ǲǸԼ鷳
Խϵʱֲ⡣
Ҳδؾûͷ
ô˵˾ͿЦãڵľ£ͲҪˡ˵˵ҡ
ҲǰգȴǸһ𽨹һˣֻų̂ǵ˿Ԫ
Ԫǵطӵ࣬ƺһǶǵҰʷ֮ûʲôϡġ
˵нϽҲ֪ϵܡ
нϵס
ɲϵΪǽġ
̾ҪƵۡ
ϸûзԪǣŰѼ׷˿Ԫ
ζв˵ڵҰġ
һµûعԪ
ʲôʱأ
ٹ˼۵ʱ
ʵֳǲ³߰ϵҰҲôϢˡ
ǸʱҰĲۿһƷ͵ΪֳۣŽԳ¸ɵ˽Ԫй֮޲
Ȼøϵôһ񽻵˼
Ȼս
ʱҲװѧˣҲϲһΣֹһΣܵʱĽǰڽߣһһѣȥһЧ£
ڽϾͲֻһˡ޲ϧ˵꣬ϾһҲûǸˡ
һ˼˵ϡ
Ǵӣ˶޶ҸӶˡ
ͬĸֵܣֻһꡣ˵
볤ҲĿԪ̫ͬĸ
˵̫Ҳڵһ󲿷ֶؾ³ͬˣºһ³ֻҪϸ𣬲ڹսһ㶼ͬ⡣
һյʷǴ˳ǵʷļ壬³ʵú٣ܸҲ١
ֵܣֳѾ̫أεֳֳ˼Լ˼૵
㲻֪ûңˣҲֻʮǰʱǸС̫صĶӣպ̳пԪǣ㿪Ԫǵʷرһ㣬Ϊӵܣȥ
ӡ󡭡ûӡ
һ㶼ǵˡ
Ȼ߹ù
ҲһãȻ
ӽʲôʣ˵ӦǳСҴֶãܵܲǲУʱ˾˵ܻܵûֶʵýǶȽֶЩŽһɳԪҪֳǣҲҪѡһġ
㣺έ
𣿡ʡ
ҡͷ֪ʲôھͿȥһ
ŴڳлϷء
͡òɡ
㣺
ִ˼ơ˼ƲɫȥԻˣðȥԻˡţڰŶԷ
ǰĹⲡͷŵ˸ԼԵŮˡԹмơ
ֹһֱˡϲȥɣҲʲôë


285 
лš
ԼѮͷ,ȴû,ߵλӣέһ,ֵӦŵеʱ̸Цʱ,ƺܻ֡
έ۸̨ϵĴ,ʱ̲סֱ̽,һֱߵ̴ѲŻСĿһĹ
ʵᰡ
̲ס˵磬һϣҪҪСӢ
ЦŶ,ɨһȦڵ,Щڿе輿,ʣ߷ȫڿ
ʵɲǲ
Ų,˶ŰԼҵŮҪס,ܱ֤һʧҵ
,ζ׶ģʱĸֿá
ȻһӭȢһλΪ󣬵һλܹ̳λͲ˵ˡͱŮӾ˵һҰָ
ϵŮµĹռ̳λ⽪ϵ£ֺγϵأ
˶ôģֳǵҲĶһ
Ϊλɨϰɨ˽ңҲֲЩȥժ
ѳ˹ȥһҪץסᣡ
֪Ҫһ˵ģҪĲòòԴһ˲ĶҪİ㣬ҪҪĶ
ֳ˼еŮӡƣСԼᣬ˶ϲӢ
ӢΪ˱֤һʧ׼Ⱥú˽˽ԸʲôˣʲôˣϲһˣȻ̸Ӣٰ
έйʲôʱȥ
ժǹһܺӵˣȨʢ£˸Ǯ֮⣬ҪСԴӰ
ֻĿǰ֪㵽ʲô۸С
ΣûУ᲻̫࣬Ҫ̫̫ࣿԵȵȡ
ζҪȸôģپôԴ
̾ȵһȡέһҲҪͣҪÿ춼͹ȥùΪڵ
έͷġ
󽫾Ȼϼ𣿡ʡ
έҡͷҲգֻ
ʱ󽫾͹һģһôԣ
Ҫҵ󽫾빫ԳҰƲȱ㡣͵öˣٴ󽫾ǵ϶⣬ǲǣҲẦǡ˵ô˵Ǻʧܼ䡣
έʣһأ
ҡͷеĹҰŮȫܱ֮Ҹĸ࣬Ͳȥ
οڽŶý̤룬ֺαôһˣ
Щȥͼ˾ˡҵ
ʱӵ߽һ̴ӣѩɫĳۣϵڽǺЦ˳ӵһ߽ڵϵĴ빨̷иɣ빨ȴûȤˡ
ֱέС˵ժ¥𣿡
ǣҵ˵
Ȼǻûмժǹ¿䡣ֻ꣬Ҫò̵˲֪˲ˡ
̴ò⹬ֻժǹܵ
ǰǳʩһˣ뽪뽪һ˴һ飬˵һ
뽪ʶһЦ
ǽԽҲİ֪̫ӵˣҲǹˣͬסڱһˣϤľͬһ㡣
һֱŽǽǶοһЦŶٷģתͷǰ輿
Цʽô
˽һۣúãһﲨɨȥŭ⣬ֻ⡣ѾûòˣȻΪɫΪ⣬żҪʲô¶£ý
ֵģһֻڴų
һ٩Сұǹɫ㡣
ºýûȾϷڽǵԡͰǲ»¡
ȥˣֻҪʽǣԪϵô
Ǵս˵ЦҲЦ⣬ƺֻȤġ
С˵һֵܣΪһˣϿλв𣬴Ųͬĸ
ͷǸңϴӣӽέô˵ӿ
ǵͷӦ
ʣһҴ˵䡣
ʣҪǼ𣿡
˵˵ء
ǵͷ
¾Ͳˣһͯʳڴǰ˵˵ЦЦԳԺȺȣ湴ͷĽҪǶһһԵĹͻῴһۣͲҶˡ
̴ӾȻֳȥŹʣһİѵĵݸôȥԡ
ˣȴŹֻڴ͵ԡͬĿһۣæĨȥߵӣ
ҿһĻ̾Ϊŷ򡣡
έЦĺء
šҵͷ̴̴ӹϵܺã˵ĸҲ
έϳ̨ꡭơҿҪȴûֳǶȨǶԲƸŮˡ
Ҳ˵ᡣ
ЦһŮӡҲ֪£ЩǮСֶΰɣҪǮ٣̫Ȼ˰Ͳպǧָ
έһѣǷٴĴѵɱԼĽ㣿ཫԶްˡٿҲԹΪָ𣬻ĹƷܵɣֳǵŮӽ̵
Ҳص﹫˵Ǵպϲ
ϯ󣬽ҪͱЩˡȻѡԵ
оûеõ롣
йվţҲ¶죬ֻǽᡣ
ܽʾ⣬έ׶εʱûһԹȥˡ
ȽϽתغέ̲Ľסͽ뿪ĽǣڱܹߺέԽǳʩһ񣬿Ϳ˵λСӣˡ
Ǳܿέֻһ񣬡ҵ
έȥһСʣ֪ҵȿʲôطŭ˴
һЦˣԵС˼꣬ҡͷҪᣬֻǸϲЩġѹ˵ܣϲ͹һˡ
֮έˣܶˣϲˡ
˵ҪߣέæסҵȾðСӻȥǶԡ
ǴӦǻбûС
έʴƽʱϲʲôǺûȥ׼һ͸
ǾһʮԵĺȵֵģЦ⼸˵⼸Ϸ󣬴Ҫ͹ÿˣȻǵġ
Һέ뿪󣬵ڶͰˡ
ȺͽʡһϷһ飬ȷû˲ȥͽ
ϷʽǣҪ𣿡ѾϰˣÿһЩˣһЩҪһЩʱ˺ܶЩﶼҪġѾյʮˡ
ǵͷգʱԸһϲϷ
һƤڵģƤ򷢳۵죬˵ð򲻴
ЦȻϲ򣬾ǶһЩ
Ƕû˵ȥʽϲĸϷ
ϲϷ
ڶգõʮƤ򣬴ССõ˾ǧŰپʮſӡ
ժ¥Ҳӡ
Ϸһ֣һúѧϰѧ
ȾɸɫľͷӣСǿһſŰÿһɫһλ
øɫģҲһ֡
ɫֵͣǸλɫʮλɫǰλɫǧλɫλ˽飬ʮλλ
ϷǺܼ򵥵ģˡǰʱ򣬽ûλǿһ㣬㵽λ
СɽǽϷҲǴС棬λ
̾˿
עֻ³ĹɣԣһҪʼһĿڹͷ
гһաᵽġһ죬ϣ뽪ﷴĿɳΪʱͱԱһ⡣
ϲĴϻֵۣĺӻūһ죬ͷѹһ


286 ɫ
Һέ,Ȼֱ뵽̨һΣǵξͱԶ,ҿ˼ˡ
żῴһۣܿƿ,Ȼϲͬ˽
ʧˡһ̾Ϣ,֪͸ôϰͰֵܡ
έǵ,ҿ»زٽˡ
ҡͷֻҪǼ̴,Ǿͻϯ
ϲȥʲôãܸ˵ֵôϲȥҲû塣
ҲҪȥҿ϶
Ϊ̴,һܳ,Ǽͳ,ûм븸ĸֵܡҴֻ֮̽ǷϲŮū
ǱҲֻԽȤ,Ҿֻͽˡ
ҲҡˡĿ֮һ,ҲֻҪ
ⲻ˽¸έ̾ͻһ
ٱӣҲҪͣĸ뽪񣬺ÿڴǰ
͵࣬Ȼ֪ǣСԽԽˡ
ȻǴˣı߶š
û
³˼ؤӺҲȾһ㡰ͭ
ͽʡһˣյͽʡյǮȫһ̲סȥϲĸʺͽ˵ЩǾͲٰˣ
µ඼ûʲôõġ
˵ϲǾһѵɪݣ˵ϲżϷյһľżż˵ϲ򣬾յľƤͭ
ϲǮȴ˵Ǯ
۲ʺͽյĶǮ
ĸżЩԺҰЩóȥǮ
úúãʱ۷Ź⣬ȥյЩ߼ۣЩֵǮԺҪֵߵ
յȽãΪİ̫ˣյĶǮǮйصġ
Щűʰã͵̳ȥͣһصľͿԽ˵ˡ
㿴һĻ飬á
ȻСǮеС
ҡġơȴϲǮǻȥôǮΪҪȥĵطࡣ
۽֪͹Ҫ̸ǹԲģֻź뿪ˡ
Ȼܲ³ôǮۿЩǮȥЧġĽ
ǱߵϢ𣿡
ѾͣòҿˣҲòá
ͷ˳ӣҸϽ뿪ңҪٻؿԪǡȥԪǵ֮еˣĸĸֵܡã澣ȵȣͨĶͨˡ
ͷͷǻȥˡðǵЩĳӺ
ǿԪǵ̫أֵȴǸϰᵣһĳӼ̳пԪǣĵҲпܳ档
ңҲҡԴʱ˸ϣԪиֳǣڴߣĶˣǸϣҡ
ԭ򣿵ȻǴϲˣʹġ
˸֮ޣ˼ϣõԪǵ֧֣ȴϣһߡ
֮ԭѡˣҷôŬܽӽأֻܴӿԪٺһСѵܲĶ
ֻǲέѾǲˣĳӶ
ĶӺҳƽߣһֳǣһ̳пԪǣôѡ
ʣҪҪùʾһέ
̲ҡͷǻԼ뵽ܵġ
ѵǻŴϲʹľͲô
Եأأ
εĴħսƻǸ
ݴԭʲô
ףǹӣֻǿһʶһ£ѵͷûԵʣ
ȻбԵʣ⻹˵
ƭƭ
ԼƭԼ
ϲҲϲˡ
ת۱㵽꣬Ϊһ꣬˵ܣףһԲԲգֻԼѹ̨Ͳˡ
ĳС硣
ȻС磬Ȼֻ׽ˡôҲǹ꣬ʱֻϲˣϲľһˡ
έŵķ֣뽪ʶϼˣﶼգ͵ٶ࣬Ҳҡͷܾέ˵һ㣬˾Ȼǰµ˻ˣ
ôҪأέϽסǵ֣ʧķˣ˵˻ǧҪҵ
ϲĿǴİҪ˻ջȥˣɼҪˡ
ȻȴܴӦٰŽ͵ɼΪˡ
ʣ޷룿
ҡͷʱòײ˵򲻽̨ʱ䣬ֵֻ档͸òˣĳֵôðôĵķأˡĳ˵վǳҾء
έ޷룬ֻôҴһصסڽ˻ȥţһɫ̾˿Լ˵ߣ·ϲҪ󡣡
˶έʩһתţˡ
έ̾Ҳˡ
ˣð밢ҵҲ
Ԫֳ֮ûɽӣһ·̹;ӱ൱ġ
ŻؼңֵܸϵҲֻȥʱ䡣
Ȼ·̫䵽ֳʱѾιȥˣһ·Ǳвϲҹͣĸ
Ҽ˵ˣ̾έȥ뽪ʣһҪ˴Ӧð밢ռ
һߣҲѾҩС
һغ򣬵˰ҹ
֧æԱߵˮι̫࣬һЩʳ
Сϰ䣬Ȼ·ϵ̫ۣ˵ڶҲˡ仹ЩϢһҪϽ
֪һͶԵҪһԡҵ
еˡҲã·Ҳ˸硭
곤꣬ʱͷһߺҩһ˵ˣ㲻˵һù𣿡伷üŪۣŪ
Щ˼ժǹĴȶҪϤ˵ºҲԴ˳һ类УУǴӻǲأ
ڿԪе֮Ҳٮٮж˶˾ˣǼǶˣػᴥġ
񵱳˵ɬһ㣬뷨Ե̫Դ̫ḡˡ
ң
ҶԶֶ˵˼ӲָЦҡͷûУôңЦŶ˵ҼҰ밢䣬̨һߣ˵ͻᱻİ
ЦָҪô
飬㲻ҪǰŪѧڼжҲҪͬЩ¶Ҫᡣҵ
㶵Ҽ˵ʲô
ȴ곤˴ӲʶûֳǣҲûȥԪûа֮ͬҪʲôŲô죿ôϲأ
ҵϲϷ͸Ϸ
ΣϲϲӮ
ҾôӴϿؿ֮ҪӮ
ͷǾҪˡ
ֵÿһ㡣
Ȼ򣬿Ǹˣϲ֪ã᲻죬ˣ
ϸϵоֻ»δʶŮ֮£ɴӴ
˫üһжͱ˵Ҷˡ
ɫ׽ѵļһ֮ǽһͿˡ
ɫһ䣬ַ죬ҲҪպãô㵱ѣ㽻ģ
һ֮ǰĻ
Ըպ⿪ԪǵˣԸȥС˵Լ֪ôˡ
έһǮҺܿ͵õĺϢ
ǣǮķϡ
֪Ǵ߽̣˲ǮΪǸ֮ϾǸüۣ޳ӡ
лڵǰһڵŴˣǻǰС˵ˣһȥңкöˡ
˵òǲԾĿüۣһɣЩȡ
Ժ뽪ߵһ˵ʣǹģ
ͷģרǵģҶպˡ
֮ǰѾ̨һЩ˶ˣһ֡Ͳ£᲻ǹİĳһūιʷˣ
Ϊղܼ֡ϣϯʱǡÿһԶժ¥ȥ
ΪһźãͷڣʩʩСƺڿĿͶ硣
عѾˣ֪˶á
޹ģȳ˹˳Ŵ૵Ҳ
żһ۵ġժ¥ǻûߣЦֵķɣ˵Բˡ
ͷֽ⼸øˣ͵ûͷ
һǷСֳǣҪĲ鲻Ըģұ£պȥʱܸҶһ
Ӧû֪ǲϲġ
ЦЦºãͷӵͷϣһŰߵȻʩʩȻߵ¡
·ˣٸһ
ëҪģҪƢŤйԲǻ£Ҫ⣬Ȼôȥ֮з˻ԽԽ࣬ûаô
֪죬ٶ˵źȥˡ
ȥ󣬽Ŷ˵Ƣˣ̻ͺˡ
ЦģһĹ
ϼգ԰ʱٰ
԰Ƿذ׼֮ӣƽ̫
ԼĶӣȴӷش԰ԭܼ򵥡
԰Ųò
ᣬֻʮꡣ֪ûдȥ԰ڶûף׼ҳûɾӵͼҲ֪
Ҳһƺɡ
һ֪Ǹ׼ġ
ԣˡ
ǡ԰⡣
ֻѹˡ
оԼһ£عſ
ܸӰɣ
ǰ԰ǿӵܵˣȻҲ䵽ز
Ĭһĵ˵ͷ


287 ɫ
ӽ԰ĵһ,̲סԼǿȡĸп
ȻʵʲôҲû԰顢ֹǿеĴ
˵ʲôӦĻžǡĬԶԡ
ڴƳһƪϭ汳һҲѪ,ǵĳҲǺܾн׼ɫķʽ
еķǲֻҪ,ǰܣװľżСҸ˵һ仰ơ
ΪΪӣŮû취ǿ
ɵƽ׵֡ҩɼҪг
˵Ҳ
԰׼ʱˣһӽ񶼲ƫġ
Ÿ緹תʱ,ɫ䣡Ȼ˫ĿĶ
Էʱȥ԰Ҳȥ,һ,ٻʱ,˵ʲô
һӣҪҺú̺
Ȼ԰ĻôõǼ䳰ȷչһʧ衱üڶ衣
Ȼ󣬰԰Ͷȥˡ
һרԼˣ溮󣬰԰һֱϽ
ȥЩҩ
СǷˣһ¶ˣôŲأ
ǿе¾ͽһʵˡ
Ȼкôԭһ˾ܰϷˣڱ
ȵʱȻȻײ˰԰
ɫգȵĹԺɫˣɫʯףһᱡĹӣѩɫһԣ紵ɪɪ
ֱۡ
ůڸһĻЧܺá˵ͰѰ԰ҩȥǸϲİˣ˴ķϣҲܷԼ
սҲڣʣҪǰ׹Ӳأ
ÿð԰ݶһ̾ҪѹȥúѪȡϡ
̧ܻ
ȥҲ񿴸š
ţòһȪ˵㣬Ҳˡ
Ҵ̨ףǰסһСͯͨһСͯıĽȥ߾ʹ˺
ſſң԰ȻԸȥԸҩ
һȰ棺ӣǹĺģ춳Ӵôٵ·վһʱˣҩҪģ
û԰ΧסԲɣϢȣȾκ졪֪Ļյģȷʵбǿʡ
˶ߴΧסһһԣˡ
ûſң԰Ľкܺġ
Ȼͱˡ
Ŀɿڴɵˡ
ĿţǸ굱汻⼸˸ӡȥˣ
Ȼģ
ȻĻˣ
찡
ү
Ȼġ
Сܻͯ°ڣҽȥɡ
Сͯ˵ղĹӽʲô֣ˣǹҿȥˡѵ˵
СͯС˵ȴϳɣԲһ£Щ˵Ŷհף˵ʲô׼ҵˣǸűģϲ£ôԸ⣡
񣺡
Ȼģ
Сͯ˵ӿҽȥɡ
񲻽˸սϵĺëˡ
µҲ߰
ȥûиղǸӦǿģ
ԶԶԣ
߽ȥ
ůһֻεϷһ뿪
Сͯߣǰпգһôϵ˵ᷳˣ
Ľ¶ʱͳˡƫƫСͯǻĲ֮⣬ߣҲҷ֪ǰ˼ǰײˡ
һŮӣŸͣϣ۾
һȴ̶ȥߣһ۾ϳ·Ͽˣ
ӻͷһۣתȥŹһֳĵż
СͯϹȥ·˯ˣǸСͯǺˣ
СͯҲС˵ǿԪģġ
ӶЦһЦ˵ĳ˹ʷʵǲɣЪϢˣӲȻȥ
ʵںôߣǵĹ⼸ڣԿġĵ⼸ж
˵ʵһΪ빫⣡
ʷЦţģΪ´Ź˻⻻һȥ
ôһˣôҲҪȹһ棬ùҲ
Ȼܼܲסһˡ
ţǶԽʷĹˣ
ѽʵǲɫ֮
ʷǺԸ⽻ѵģ˺ܶڹ£ҲʾͬԸ⽻ѣر뽪ϹϵѡԸֳǣִ֧빫ǹҲԸⱨϵĶ顭
һϯ˵İָ棬;ԶղԺеӵĽߣƺֱס߲
ǿ
Ρ
˵ʱֱԵġ
ոʷ˺ܶ࣬˺Ͷ漰һŵδ
ֻǹһСë
͵ûˡ
ע⵽ǰĽʷһ䵭̬Щ֮⡣
ղǸҲȷʵòҲ֡ǿϧ˽ʷ鹫ʱ
ˡ
һʱ֪ǸͬǸ׹ӻǰĽʷ
ȥѾöˣɫĽժǹ£ӡķ̲ס˵˵һ
ýζҽͣʱδ磬Σ
òֻѰ
ЦˣǶҲãǶĸǸɫ淿Щĸòˣ
έҲĵλһӵܵġ
Ҳֹڰ˵ǰǸҵҲǹȿġ
̾ѡ
һͲֵõˡҪʱ͸˸°빦ҷԸέѰˣ
έͷ
񣺡˹ùйΣ
Цûǽʷ׹ӳʲôˣǰڣҰǽǵҰݣ￴õҰ
۵Цˡ
ʣ㿴ǽʷ˵м棿
һ㶣̫ŵ˵Ҳ壬ʵڲ˵ɡ
ʾ˵
ǵӣﳤϲһ£˵
ҿֳǵҲ൱ӵġ̫ˣ̫ףʹн󽫾⳯ҲҪ˿һѡѡеˡ
ҵͷ
Χ˶Ϣ˵Щš
Դ빫˵ǿ϶Ĺպ᲻ỹڴǿ϶ùһҶԲҪһ֡
˵룬һֻѡңһҺܶˣǽôֳǵԭ򡣡
ҵϸôأ
ȲôʧҲܶϹ򡣡ûס빫
ǻҪһʾġ
񣬡𣿡
һ㡣
˵˵˵
˵⼸հҲˣͳȥʶ˰ɡմٿҲͬȥһȻȥչɫбдĸ˵պǾͬˡ
Ц˵أ
˵Ҳ˽ʡҳļұѡУǴİ֡
ʣҪֳ𣿡
϶ƱҪµģ
ޱȷϸıһ̣ץס빨϶ᣡ
Ц˵úúãˣ
񱻿öȣȴָĻ
ϸһ֧أ
ԥĿɨ䡣

ԪǣС밢
岻ϣҲδվһߣǾҪˡ
͵ý


288 ˶
԰ʵǸлˡ
ڱѹǿ飬ÿζķ
֪,ֻҪúúҩѡ
ʻһ,ҩúú,ֻܡűժ¥뵽ܲõ¡ôȥ˼ܣˣ֮,ͺˡ
İ֮˵Ҳȥˡ
ʱ˲١ʱֻС磬ֻһֵһӿˡ
˵˭û̫,˵һûС
ơϲϷ,˶۾,ȻܿһϷԡȻʱҲͶ룬
ʼøĪ⡣
ϲãͲͶٳ衣
ֵ˽һִϷİñȥģǶϲϷǴųļ
ʵĿġ
ʲôĿأ
֪
°ɡ
һǸʼǵĿ
˵̴̨Ӷ磻˵ȥ͵۵ʳ˵ֻĸ̴ӣ˭Ҳš
ǰ۵Ϊ踺ء
,һ͵ȴһɣ
ڽҵѹ£ıѪ뿴,װʹ޹ĶУˣȻ̫ӣԽ󽫾Żһ뿪
ȻڽϵƤ£СıŴ̵һСֱǷһ졣
˻Ȼγѡ
ðɣǸ̫ֺãϲʲôһġ
Ǹˣϲ֮ǰԼͬӿժ¥
Ƕ˰԰ΪÿСʮĽ
ڶУ㲻⡣
̫԰ʲôΪСϲõ䣬˵һᵽ˼Ҳ̫ˡûĵʣ˶˵һ֮ǣҲ
Ψһ˺ľ𡪡ûԼһѧ
Ѿð԰Ľ·ˣÿֵùЦķӦÿ԰ĳһûʱ֪ǱС
Ц꣬˵ղŰС˵ķָ
һۣͰѺĻ̻ȥˣȤͳȥˡ
ߺ󣬽˵Ǽ͵ժǹȥ˰ǿˣߣظ̺ˣʳסжԼ
ͷԼе׹Ϊʲôĵ԰
ƺΪ
ֱڣǿȻɹϵĳڹԽԽ֮ҲԽԽ壬ԽԽܱǡ
Ѿ˳ʷȻϣһΪġ˶ֻͲκγɾ͡
ñĳأ
Ǿһĳȡ
ԶֻǵܳһʣµĶΪʷ
һʧ衱ϵĹ⻷Ҳ֮ʧȻͬһʱͻ˵ڸСӡͳΪа԰ˡ
ڹ԰һϲĶ˵ʺеˣ档
Խ԰Խ׹˼
԰һ̫򵥵ˡ
뿪һǽ֮İ԰ˡ
е򣬾ÿʱһ£ýѰ԰
Ͼڳ谮
԰˵һɡ
ܿѰ԰ˣۿ΢죬ϴźΣڸղͼ͵ܳȥ˷ָϵ·Ҳһҡ
޺޵ıֻס
ڴһ࣬ԶҲ뿪
첻ͬ˵ˡ
һʱ
ס̫
ķ
Щ¡˵
СҡͷౣҲ㡣
԰Сౡǰ̫˵ġ
ǸòȻӾһɿĳŰ԰ʱ԰ϴŶΣʱûзʹζʲôƣƺһеˡ
ûͷһвô׽ܡ
ǣʼķʽз
ķģʽ֪ǰʲôĻ
Сౡ
һܾ˳谮СûϹۡ˵ò̵úá
ȻţҲܳƵвòбû⣬ӦӵһҸ
ϧ
Щϧ԰ǿԸ£պϲˣȻҲ뿪շļˡ
Ҫ
ʵں˵ûһ˻ɽϷ԰Լʵеͼı졣
ˡɫ
ˡ谮һԴˡ
԰ÿ쳳Ҫߡֳ
Ȼ᲻һߣֻðߡ
Ȼ᲻ЩˣżİǴӹٽӽżﵽȥһ˼֮ࡣ
ڽĹڹķ°档
Ҳվժǹ
ܾûˡ
̳ǻֳǺѾһˣһֱûл
ȥɡ˵
ȥã湩ŵŮŮѾİˡ
žѾϺͽڳʲô
վܾãϸĿǡǳ
еĻҪСһ㡣Ͼһĺӣڣߵʱһ㣬ҲǸСŮ
ļסǣְʳڹϡǰÿԲݸԲڹϰڶѳɽĹӣֻһ̵۽
عŷһˡ
䡣
վûн
¸ҵӭĿ⣬ʵҲôѿǰʧĮжܣʱ־ȴʱȣʱԽǵĿ־Խ̡
ȥôãҲûø
ǸϢ
ȥǰɡ˵żɽ
˵ϻúòãҪᡣ
һ㣬Ƕá
ɣɬĿڣˣ𣿡
ԡͷܳס
ʱû⡣
ھѾƽˣҲҰĵѾȫʧˡ
䲻ż˵ôˡ˵Щ˶⡣ôˡ
ſͣҲıʿˡ
ѾܾöˡҲֻǸߡ
ңһֱôԶѧԼ˼
Щ˶мҳϣˤͷͻֱˡ
ٷˣˤٺݣҲöˡ
ǵԽ࣬ԽһġЦ
ͷˡΪߵҲˣ˺ܶЩⲻͬס
ȥǣҪǲĻɱ𣿡ʡ
һ˲ΪڷȻͷֲǷ̣µĵ
ҡͷɱҪѱѳӡߡǲѱ㣬Ҫǽɢʿ
ɢ䲻⣬ҪЩʮˣΪһŹġȴɱˣֻҪӡЩ˲ֻҪɢЩӾˡ
ʿߣǻؼ硣Ҫã㲻ҪԼǮ˵ʱ˭ģ˭ı˭ҪǮ˵
ǰɱڲһˣڴ˽ϣ˴һɱĴֻ˿־壬뷴
ɢȴӮϳҲҪλûɱˣһ˻ɳӦõġ
˲뿪ǡ˵
˶ؼģԷһֻܵΪˣЩ˶¡
Ȼȥֺ̳ϣʼΪֺ̫أĪΪ̳
պֺϻγǣǽĽڵء̳ȴֻܱ̫Զһ˵תվ
䶼ӦȻһ𣿡
һ£˶ŶԷ
ҪҪ

ǲ룿
һʱԽҳһţ֮ǰԼ˵㡭ȻҪ
ˡ
Ӧøѡ񣬻أǿĻԽԽٵġ
š˵ͷһۣôţЩˣ
ûӦžУҪܡ
̫ˡ˵һЩͿˡҲɵժǹ
Ȼܶ͵ժǹĿġ
ȻûͷǾ߰ɣֻ
ֵͷȥˡ
߳ʱȥԺ˸ӳȥ

ºãȻӳȥСĿ
˵ӳȥ˭еӣ
Ŷãáȥġ
ӳȥᡭ̱˹ġͻԭ˼ҺҲʲôѡ
ǽ£ɾūʹ
Ҳԣǽʳūǿǲȥūǿ
һʱֲֽЩ˸ãԥʱѾҳϵѼƵȥˡ
˵һ̧ͷ
İˡ
˶ӡţʱѾϵȥˣ϶ʱֺ
ժǹԱߡ̫ˡ
ôϳˣ
Ǹսȥ𣿡
˭ܵŹˣ
˵Цǽˡ

ܺãɫֶ̰ԽԽߴˡ


289 Ѿ
ýǼϳȥһЩǮٰǹ͸,ȥﶼȥ,ʱûеطȥ,ҸӰȰ
ȥˣ˵е궼ѡصԭ
ʱˡ¡,źūȴūǹһĻ
ӹµִ,ūۡһֱû뿪,ֻǰ,ִֶθºͣѱķʽҲ
ǰūռūūǣڣūѱūľʹǡ
ûиūһ·ֻصϤĻظǰ
Щ꣬Ϊûһõĳ·ǡ
ժǹסȥ,뿪ˡ
ǻȻ
һһܲסֺáˡҲһһصĹ⻷뿪ϻɽ,ڷĲֳ֮󣬺ӾͶܳˡ
ⲵĺɽ죬߽Ѿʳơ
вѣʡ
Сͯίĵͷ
ֻǰѹⲱ⡣
ϸϸѩĵ£ܿͰѹⲸȾˡ
Ҳڶˡ
˸磬۾ڵί壬ҲСˡ
ٰȥ̹Ƥá
˭вϣͯнӹһůůп
ã⿴ڶģָ溰컹أ
ֿ
ڵڰš
ˣ˼Ƭ̣ͯˮϴ󣬶һ߶һȲů֣˽ɡ
Ȼ֪˭ҲܴŲµó˷ҪҹΪʲô
󽫾ͻȻˣ֮ǰ㲻֪飡ǹҵ˷̸ֺź֪ķֹܵժǹȥضΪ˿ʲôСˣ
ɹ֪֪ý뿪ʲô
϶֪
ôôأ
ֻǶ̶죬Ѿкܶ˰ʾ̽̽ǲǴҼһȨ
ǿԽһ𣬶Կ䡣
Ǻǡ
ʱ֪ǸǸÿ־ܿ͸ģܿˣ
һǰȥʱǻѹɶˣΪĴռ³䵱ʱֻצѡ
ǲ֪䣬֪ʲôʱʼһڹԿʼ֮ǶԹļɵʧˣתΪһж޹أĹ;ǵ踺ص뿪̨̫ӡ
Ȼ󣬼ıġ
ɱҵǽ䡪ǿԡ
Ŷ̨ܾ˼ϢʲôҲû
ӡǳ֪̰ơɫ
ڴոռλԺȲԼ̺ôԼߵ˶˹ٻ㣬Ҫ̳ǵأһƫԶСǣ
ƣ۸ܲסȻǮ٣Լ˰Ƹڸս˰󲻵»ҪٽһΡ
ԣټǹӾԵԶöˡ
Щ˸񣬴ֻҪһЩֵǮĶͷǹ֮ﲻȡ
ⲻЩٶֳǵһһ߷˶ľ裬תűˡ
ж˻ѹжתע˴뽪󽫾
λ˹ơĻƾٶ֮⣬ΨԵıԶǡ
һټǹӣ֣ס
Ȼֵġ
ⲣΪȨѵûн߹֮
һɳһǰû۸ѡй֮Ҳԭġ
һҼȳٳңֳǾͿˣλľ֧¹ңǸһҲ³һش
ѣպɺҲȱɣȱִ֮ˡ
ٸǹǰѵΪպ׼
ֹټҲֻٹҵ
ԣһ˻ῴᣬ
һ˲Ըȴɣǲ˷ʱȴȴպ빨һָ£βھǿأ
ԣҹˡ
ⲺһʹĲķ㣿
˼ǰ󡭡治ҡ
ҪЧİ취ǰɱ
ֱӸɵ󻼡
ʲô޳ȥ³׬ЩôⶼСֻҪţġ
뵽󱳷
һɱ˹ܵõô
ǹֲ֧ú깨ֳ㡣û˹֮˭ƽ⽪ϵҾ֣
󽫾ô
أֹ֧һҲֹ֧ϣ
Ҫ֪Χ˿ɲ٣ҴһԽ˵ˡΪԤ⣬ǰһɣһǶԵġ
̫ˣᵽԼ˼룬û˼룡
ˣ㲻֪᲻һ̸ˣһָı⡣
ȻҲԲݴζŹһ᳹׳Ϊ³ˣ˿֮깨ϲֳǰյĹϣǸӱϾѾ뿪ֳ̫ˡ
ðôգõĺôȴδرڸֺαأ
ڿ˽ǰѾˡ
ͺ깨ϣվڹߡһϤĺ߱һȺ뿪ΪʲôĴҪǿöࡣ
ׯԷźһҾߵǰҪѾⲸֹסˣ
ⲲʶׯԷׯԷͳ˫ӳǵ̫عӡݸⲣݣȻͿ޵һԹ˵ң
ׯԷѾֳǴˡ
Ȼ궼˵ֳ񣬵ĶֵֶܣԼǲóġ
ֳʵһֶ֪ǵǵľǽҵĴţʶҲǽҵľˡ
ûˡ
ҡˡ
ׯԷԺһĨڣͷҲš
ҲǺ׼
϶ӽϪӶ࿪ͭǹ⣬Ļ³ģᣬպϪӵǮģʲôأ
ֻйҲֻдû⼸꣬ȴٳ꣬ߵȴ׺ˣܼƭ
˵Ѿȥ֣Ϊˡ
Թôȡ
룬ֻҪҵһܹܵסԼ˾ˡ
һʼҹ
ΪҲֻѡ񣺹ⲡ䡣
빫һ֮ѣǱΪ顣
ףҪ̹뽪䣬жԹӦҲΪ˫ӳǵ﹫
ֻʣ¹ˡ
ùⲸӦìܵģ˵ӦøһǶġ
Թžԩҡ
һһȻȻͻǿ
ڵĴСġѵͲһ
ֱӶԴ֣Խѵ⹫Ļᣬչʾƴ
ⲾׯԷĻ˵úܶɣһֱ˵춼ˡ
һֱѹȳһ֪ĻⲶ֪Լ᲻ᱻ˵
ѵΪãôѧƣҪһȨĴ»
ϾǴ˴治պľദ
Բѵ⹫ȿô裬ֿԽѵŴΪ
Ͼᡪü
һζ̰ƺɫǳ֮ס졣
񲻹ССͣ͸ȾָͭҪһ֮ڿʮ̰֮֮ͭ˴Ŀģа̾ʮͭ㿪һ֮㿪ó𣿴Ϲģôһһ£Ҳ¶±ˣ죡ںˣһֲͣԼֳܵ״Ϊռ
ɵúã½ϪҪˡ
ţ󽫾պô˳ȥˣӹܽϪӵˡ
˫ӳǣϪͽӶԼǿɲ˫ӳǵء
ׯҪе˫ӳǵܵϪȥ󽫾̣ѽѽ
ֻ¹Ҫ˻ˡ
ǰΥиͭΪׯҲˡ
Ҫܴһ㣬õĽǿŽ󽫾ѽϪͽõܱһ˫ӳҲᶪ
û˫ӳǶߡ
ǲ֪û㵽һ㣬벻ׯһ·
ЦŰο޵ׯԷׯҶ֪վׯڴˣһ顣
ˣҪȥ̨ˣׯԷҲôʶ칫ǴĸŹȥϢ
Ⲷڣ壬˿ȥ
ڣ˵£߹𣿡
Цֻµȴ˺ܾˡȥ
Ŀ͹ⲵԶȥվǰֹ˾䣺һ۶࣡
̨ժ¥
˵ׯݴ˱ׯԷأׯԷҪֳǣٰӡׯԷߺΪ˵ׯԷ˾ٲԵĻׯԷ֮ʾ˼ĸѾׯݸˡ
һʣׯԷмӣ
˵˸ӶϪӣС̫ײ¡мĶӡӡӡӶ£ԳӺӵ¶úԶ
СǵĻûжԷΪ˱֤ׯļһֱǳӼ̳ƣ֮Ķֻܵӵĸӹˡ
Ҳɼеˡӹ뼤ߡ
еĶ̫ˣһ㶼
˵ɿɣ֧ҲҼˡׯԷڣĶѵóеб˰ѽϪͽӴжˣôңôӵܣôأ
ˣ޲һˡ
ǡ


290 Ĺ
ׯԷһȥ̽ⲵ˺ܶ࣬ر̨ܵס,ѵǸ״ʱ
Ҳͼҷ֮ʿ
Щ֮ʿ̫ˡȥҹⲵٶ֪²*,ûаĸ浹֮ǰöβ,浹ҲҪֵĸԼȫ޹ءʲô˵Ҹ״ˣ޹أĳĳĳͷɵģ
Ϊ䲻ˣֻǲֳǶѡ
Ҫ,սҲս,˵л˽һѲλ,й֮ˡ
ո,Ͳ¼ҪΪպǡ
иϰߣϲ׳ƣƺԽߵĴԽ࣬Ǿ͸еҵ˵˵Եĵ˽ҲǡҪ˼
ڽ˵ġ
콥ůˣҲ볣μϤˣż,Ҳеļ˵˵Ͼ,Щ˶̫ˣõ벻Щ˻ͻȻѡ
ЩӦѾ׼˺ܾˣҲ˽´һȷʵһƪϭģдÿ
ȻΪ˺ܵ⣬ҲΪ²ʧܣ
ΪѡڴͥôԽޡȡ֮⡣
º˵ʱɵúЦЩʹ٣ɣе˼ȴϵϰ˼гڻĺô֮ǰѾѧ˸ô
ƣ裬ЧҲûк֮ǵ
ݹʷȨѹܱˣɹȴһѣһ㶼ܱ֤ĺôҲΪˡ
һ⣬ʳߵĿ⡣
֮ʱϵļ깫Ƴһˣƪϭġ
Щ
˼ֻһл£Ϊ˽ϣΪ³Ϊáиȥǲ̫ģ͸ֳȥҲǾġ
ǳжԼֻѪڣ
ϵĽû

ԲͨǸ⡣
ľȻ˵ʱϣ̬ʱ뵽Ϊʲôˡ
ʱ˵ģЦ
Ȼסˡ
ϾǺ࣬Ҳ࣬˶һҪȥ飬ҲЦ
ʽǣѾð׹ˣȴҸ߽̫࣬͸˵ЩǷԹġ
ˣŵ͵վǰһײײǰİǳûѰƷѾغˡ
ϵԴڼ֮У˺šҪȥ׷¡
Ǳ˵ŭλرܡ
һŭ֮Ʒͬıһ֮ºܿͱšŭǴ˳ȥ
ȻǸӾŵķ֣ˡ̨ʱôҪáȥ
һߣ򽪼ˡ
ʲôѪԵ֮ףͬͬ£ΪҲƽжĻˡлл
ô˵Ϊ˰ο
ǰ˿С˵޴⡣
õж຦£ЦЩһܿ𣿡
ǵͷһ֣ȿڣ˷粻ǡ֮ǰѾ˸㲻ظ߽Ҳ֪ڸʲôԽãɴ⼸ˡ
ǣȻô˵Ǿɡ
ǽʾ˾̨ȥˡ
֮󣬾Ȼ̨ܵǰʹ޹أС֪
Ҳԡ
һ¾֪ҪôˣҪôӲס
²ߣΪǵʱķǡȷģڴߣǺʽˡ
ֻ̻ȥǴģֻǵһ˵ǰ;ǶԵģǾ嶼һˡܼ壬ʲô
ʱˣֻŵףҪʱһ֮ҲҪȡףܰѼ̳
ʱĿܺС
ΪǵƪǴ壬ȻˣҲֻڲ뽪ɱһʽãϵʲôСȥûˡ
½컻κ֣ҲЩˣС鷳ʹˡ
ܱЩˣʲôܱɣΪȻ壬ȻѾˡ
κϧ̫󻹲һ衣
ֻǽĽ㡣
õϴ֪ܸĻǺô
ȻߣʮٽӻҲС
һͨ󣬾⼸һ治иָ㡣
ȻЩСǹʧķˣһֳǱĲɣŭкô
һԭƵĸãֻ˳ˮһơ
ⲸհׯԷͷֳƼתֱ£ƺѾ᧿Σˡ
𣿡
ҡͷΪҪڣûгĿܣǻһڵĹ𣿡
̨̽ʽߣ
ʹ״ûߣµĶ˯ž
ϣ忿ʵһָ࣬кܺá
ⲱ֣Ķˡ
ӰҹⲼ˵ĺʲôֻŹһʫɤӶˡ
ڶߣˣ£ڣ¡ڣǲŲҽǡ
ɤ˵Ī£ǲҡ
洳ӵǧܰЩɴ⬡
ǲô֡
̨ΧŵԽԽࡣ
ǰֻǹҲˣЩˣһڹ
ΪǽȥȰ
϶һߵ
ȨЩֻǸҲ֪ԴҪƣҪһʼռϷ磬ҪģҪ֤һһһһжϺ淶Ϊʡ
ǰʤ
ʮպ󣬹ǽȥ
ϣǰ˾ǰڵϸ߸˶˳
µͷŲǲܵġô¶֮ɫ
ôɱǣǵǸԳд
˵ٶ࡭ͷʱ־Ȼһռǡ
ʿԶĵţЩˣǵֺ󣬿ʼⲲٱ潪дġϴ顱൱ϿҡЩ˶ˣ
һ£
ǿʷˣ
ӯ
һǵ֣Ȼ󣬸Ƿ˹֮
ؽûλΪЩ˵ľλҪһ˵ȥöһϳǶʲôˡ
ҾλĻʲôҲҪ룬̫鷳ˡ
Сһλ
Ը߾֮ǻҪģǷˡлСԹģѹˡ
ɼܡѵġ
ϧһЩ˾͵˴ֻתͶˡ
˾λ󣬽˵ٺʯ
ĽˡȻòЩҫԺſԱΪˣҲ˳Ϊʯ
һͽЩ꼤
˵Ļͽǲˡ
ȻˣΪ̻ȥ
վãĸΪӵТģѾ֪ȸĸֻʹӱ
˼ǡ¹
ֻôʹ̵Ĺ֮µĽ복ݣĴֳ뿪ˡ
ⲻصУ˺ܾã԰˵壬ҾùǻȥĿĵģ벻
һжǹõİ
ڵܵһֳǣŴʹ͡λȰɴĺص꣬ô
ⲻȻ򣬻ƵŪ
ڣԸ˻Ը𣿺˻Ըˣܱ֤û֪𣿱֪㻹кӹ𣿡
϶ԸⰡһܸɵĶӣôãܸйϵôأ
ˡһͶʲôã˿Ⲳ˳۵ģ㿴˳۵ˣҲҪгһվͲٿ˳ˣǹԼί˶кôðɣ
͵ܵܶҵʱ򣬹ʱĲ͸ˣ
мߣ߱̾ߣ
ڵֻСѡ
ⲵ壬֮ǰΪ˾ֳǡΪµġߵĶǱĳǵˣҶˣΪ³ıĲһǣһ
ңĵ̫ˣıǲУ̫ˣ
׺ԽԽ£ôıҲһսһǵһ?
ժ¥ڣ̾򣬳д˵Թ
ȵĿ㣬徹Ϊңǽˡ
ΪβΪΪΪ³кβͬһ̫࣬һͬ飬ĳöˣĳΪ飡
Ŀɿڴ
⻰ð׻˵ǡɵĶʡ첻ѧã


291 ʩ
ܻʩ̡
ϹһοεĽĸ롣
Ϊλϵúܿʵ,ʵ֤ѹ̫ˡ
ýζ
֣׻˵Ҫ,ȱһ,Чá
ƫƫ֮,ȿһѡ
ΰǴߡǻҪʺĻ,ôָ,ˡ,ôϣʲôأߵʲôأ
ϣԼߵˡϡǻۡáҸ
ѾˡЦ˵,ȥ,ֻºһˡ
仰˵ȥˡȻǻɱȺû
ʼˡ
ȣҪ򡣡˵,Ӧףߵ˶ѧϰģ㡣µģ˼ģȵȡýʷȥ̫ѧϰԭ򡣡
ͷ˵Ķԣˡ
Цˣǵס
ʦͽȻڡи򵥵İ취޳ܵ˵װ

ѧ
Ҫװ޷죬װκ˶װ˶Ϊ棬Լ
ò˵ԽԽȥˣϸ˵˵
һЦرѧʵӣȸһܡ
۷Źˡ
ʲôܣ
֪ӻʵ۵ӹԱңӰյҰˣʲô𣿡
ʱ˵ĴԺðһ䣺ˣ
˵󣬹Աţ񣬻ʵһеˡ
ģ޻˵ˡ
˵˼Ծһ˶ʶԾĵط
еСȣ˾ȰЩ˵ʱֻУ˶ǣֻǹߡ
˵ȵĲ
һת뵽ˣЦΪʲôô˵ɣ֪ƭСĶ㣬ֻ˷ʱ䣬Ҳšʲô˾͸˵ʲôԹȻ̫һ
˵ϳ˰ոʵ֮⣬ԱΪţҲΪ񣬶ʵԶ뱻Ʒȥ
³ȷӳԼ࣬ӽҽ絽ҷӪңֱ繫ǶһλϵΪС
ͿĸͲ۵£Ҳó˵ˣ³Ѿٶֻÿ͹Ʒȥˡ̫Ҳȥ
ԣʵ˶췴
ǰĶ

˴Ц
ʱ绹ûзչӵһס
λ񡣼͵ۣۡԼ
ܺ⡣
ΪǷǳġ
һŹ񰣼йôġԼΪģۼԴչ
ʵǾӵǰͻоӣײ塣ûоӣҲû˴
ִĸʱѾܳˣɼأһĴͳء̣ҲҪΪ̫Ӵˡ
֪һ⣬Ϊûм壬Ҳûиĸ˵ȱʧûиĸڴҲûмΣһû·ˣָȥأ
Ŀꡣ
иĸģҲ֪ԼԺδ򵥵˵֪ĸϣһʲôˡ
ǺͨƽĺˡĹ׾ָΪ׼
һ֣ûῴû취ᡣʶ󣬹һ̨Ľѧȫаһ档
Ϊһеѧϰ
ͬʶǸϥߣվ׶Ŀе׶ֻǱ仵˶ѡ
ˡ
ֹҪĽɢԣڶһʱԭΪҪȥαװǰҲһ
һáů
ǲŻǸż
ⲻֹΪøãҲΪý»صߡ
ңϷ
ȷʵůһ棬Ҹڴֻǰ˭Ҳ֪ѡ
췢ֽıˡ
Ѿܾûйʴˣ̫ӣǴûй
˵ǡϾģѧϰ飬ѾĵλܸĹ밮ˡ
ǲһ
ûΣƴԷܡ̾˿
ڳºûΣûŲο
һʱܵĴ
Ǿͷۡ
룬ȥ˱
ӽҲǵڶΡ
ǰýͽѾ˴̫ӣøһء˲ڽºѾǸˣ˿˿Ѵһ¾͸ˡ
ңͲ㣬ˡ
ҲûʲôӦֹ۸зӸõá
ڸˡ
һ
Ҳ˹ʱǺӦϹȻչⲽú¡
ȣ˾Ͳô
ûѵ˵ģ顱ġ
еѣҲ̫ѡ
Ͷãᡣ˿ģѲͶãȤζͶ
һǲҪ̫˵ˡ
ͽһϿΡҲһ˽ô
ǵȹԺ󣬿Ҳһ
˼ʣôڴˣ
ͽﶼ̲סȥﻹץץ䡪˵
㣬ȻûȥˡȻ뿴㰡
һЦ㰢밢
粻ԣⲶˣŶһҪѽĿνˮƽ
һӺ󣬽Ѿ˯⣬⣬һֻСɹղŷɹһֻ۾ˣ棬Ҳ̲סǷˡ
ⲵ*ǺֱܼӵģܽǡҪĻǶԵġ㲻ĻǴġûɣûԭ򣬾˼سꤡ
еʧʱ򣬹Ҳʼˣ͹һҲʼ¡
ֱһĻĺӺһĻĺӵĹ¡
һĺúΪܺãڸĸݺʱİԩ£ǹ·һ·һ·˾˵Ȼˡ
˵֮ȻȥƷΣһ˵ǸˣǸӣƷ¸У϶˵ѣôһ·˵ԽԽ֪ݺҵǸıͱ˷ˣļ˾ͱųˡ
ǣͿŴС۵ĺ˸ĸˡ
ǸȻΪСĸĻĶǺѣ˺ܶ໵º룬һҰĹ¡
˵ղʱͽﶼȥ˵󣬽ͽﶼ¶˼顣
Ǽôϴˡ
˵̳ĺӿֻһʶĻ˳ƽҸĻͻʲôùܱҡ
ֹʮ꣬ͽƾͲñ߼˼ˡ
Ҳһֵʩˡ
룬ǰҲǹİɡ
Ϊý뽪鱾ϲѧϰ
Сˡ


292 
ⲵĿϵĺܿѧпμϢ
Ŀν,һ ֿΣһֹټܹĵڵųһֱ,еŴ,ϡɼտպһİƹᴩʡ
ů,Ѭ
ⲡǰҲһ١
û˸ҹ,û߷١uѧѾɾ,Ͳˡ

ϵĺ,ԵԳһΣʫʺһõĴ,Ů۵պǲİ⣡
ȷԼŮĻ,껹Ůôƭܳ
ܶľ顣
а׷ŮҪĺںƤֿʼŮġתľͺܻ,Ůľͱ裬˶ߵǳ
ȷʵܡ
Ȼ뽪ﶼݵʲô˼һĸ
Σֹıݣһߵһͽ۾ͷ׷
ڿεǹ뽪ߣְֽǲңҪھ͵һӣûص־ȥңⵯپںŮ*Ҫصˣ̫أŮ˲ϲ㣬ŽصĲңٷŭĵ
̫ᣬûʲôӦٴδŽңֻ˲ΪһֻǰڴڲˣѾʧˣա
Ⲵôһ㲻Ц˵ԣҪ֪ʱᣬʱأö

ǽ̵ٻǽôã
ֿν󣬹Ⲿ뽪ͽ뿪ˡ
࣬ĳڿεʱ䡣

۽˳ȥ
վڽ϶ʾŸˡ
صժ¥ɫں󣬹ⲴҴҶ
϶¥¥ǰ̧ʱһ
Ц񣬡ղ֪ҽܶ˵ģǰˣҪ
ˡЦңôѴ̫ӶĳأԹʿĳȻԹʿ֮
˻һ󣬸оԷӦöԼĳˣżɽ빨ٰһæ
˵Ⲽ۾Źˡ
˿һˣҪ
ҲûʧѡһЩʵȥ齪
ǰһȻĻˡ
ò˵ǰ汻ϡߵһҲܵ£׼ҲúƵġ
ԸΥֱ̫Լλӻûȣ潪ߵļˡͽ䡣
ӦֻгӸͬյڴλ󶼻ᱻΪҪԴˡ
ʷϲӡ³ʷϾдֵڴλ뿪³Ĵˡ
곯λֳܼǲŻᱻֳ˵٩
ͬҲ֤˸̨еǶôбҪ
λͳ񣬽ǵ֮no.1
ΪǴĿУȻһߣԵģиԵĶа
ͽ䣬һΪŮŪȨһֻȴӵء
Ƿɡ
ԣ³ڵʿֻý
еԥǲ̫ˣѹЩһƣػԹ
ϡãⲾԼҲԱһ£ĳЩһڴǰػҪ£һ󽫾ǣڶԶޡ
˵ǱҪ£ѽøɸɾ޿ֻǡ
ⲿҴ棬Ϊǰա
Ψн뽪䲻
ǲᣬȴ׺»ǻʱ˵ˡ
Щڽϯֳ£;һźš
һ̽źš
һҪuΪ³ͽͻΪʸ֮ġ
˭뷨ÿһ˶е뷨
ͨ׵˵Ӣ۶ҪһС
ЩڽΪҲҪҵһĿȥͽõѡ
Ȼأʲô
дһƪžʫ
ŶҪĲɡ
һ³ı˵ļƲߣһŸ˵Ĺߣ
ֹҪ֣ҪõŬѪ
е;򵥣ɹҲߵģǹˡ
ʵڽһڣЩ˿ܾͻ彯ȥˡ
ǸҲһ¡
˵ʱЩȨ󣬻ǳˡ
ʱuΪֳɵġ׵䣬֡
Ҳ˭ܸɵġ
һʮ˲ŰѼҵ˹ԣ˼һ뵽¾ͻǼҡ
˵ڻ˲÷ҳ档
ǻ˼׮͡
ѰԪģǷҵˡ
Ԫλ󣬷зu˴Ը
ӵ£Ҳһ˵˵ŮϽ񶾣˶ˣݺӪʹ빫⣬
ȻuҲǱ
ڷҵ˶ˣһң
ұżζϴ
˿·йעһ˼
ЩȺ׵״̬
;Ҹͷ
˭ܱȽҲȫأ
ԺҲùĵеģЩֳײ綼͵ȥʹǸƢԣǺǡܵġ
ңҲЩͷôһģȺУЩ˵˴ߣͲҲˡ
Ⲽ˼˺󣬷ܿ촫ȥˡ
ĲǱģҺͽ
ٴʱǾɡ
ˣҲȷʵáλˡ
ڵõܽˣһʱԼΡ
ߵ̴ӴߴٵЩһֻ¾ͼˡ
˰ıŸƢúܺãڹǰˣˡ
æ˽ȥ˽¿һ
𣿡ʡ
˵Ҫ飬ǡǿУʱȥݽҪ鵽ҹˡ
е
Ѿǵýˡ
һμڻֳǵ·ϣʱǸСޡ
Ҳ벻Ȼý
ĹⰡ
ڿɲҰ˵ȥ纣˵ֻԼһ롣
ǵϲӶ
ΪʲôҪýأ
ѵǰװòϲ
Խͽڵĵλǲô֣һʼϲԽҲȶáϲ䡣
Ȼ䵽棬ҲûôԿͷرǽǵʱķ⡣ΪرͰ͵ĻһƳû̴ӣˣҵʱӡ
ʱһͷĳӾɵˡ
һֱƭί
˵ĺܺ޽ˣǶܺã
ϵʱˣһ̴ӿҴҸڽ̴飬ܽȥ
ˣǽ̴ӣ˽
ЩΣеʧҶ̴ӷƢҲڱƢ˵ˡ
Ȼ޷޵תҪߣߵһʱһߵժ¥
ȥ˵
еԥǾ뽫Դȥһ
˲֪Щ޸ȴÿ춼ᵽºȥÿѮ͵̨ǹĵġ
ҲҪûпռ
ζӳ£һʱŭһʱʣһʱȥ
Ǹ˺ܿͻˣϹϾͽժ¥־ؿڵ˳ˡ
ǸԭһǰƣϺܽʲôϸҲϸʹ͡
ҲȷʵɫĴȥǸа԰꣬Ȼݹˡ
ء˵
Ҳ˳˵һ䣺㣬ͽ㡣õţҲҲ㣿
ЦˣҲЦˡİ԰ǰȡЦˡ
ɲѣˡ
԰ýҲԼ˿ˣ˵ҪϲУѰһЩ
Ķѵҡͷˣء
һֱ˵Ҳ˵ˡôҷ٣ҰЩ˶ץ
ðð񿴵˾ǣ˵˵ʲô٣
ĺɫ죬һǳһŵĳȥˣģ
Ȼô򵥾͡ͳʷ
һ
ڶ죬һ˵˶ˡ
Ϊεʷҹץˣץ˲٣ѾѺȥˡ
ˡ
Ǻͽ䣬͹ȥһ˺޵ģЩ˾ͻתͽˡ
Ƚһʧˡ
ͬһֱַˡ
ǲԾˡ
ǳԷʱ԰˵Ҿ֪кС
һׯ̫ʲôʱߣͦ˵ģȥһ̫أôױסġ
ҡͷҪٹһʱ䣬˫ﻹûϢǼҵʲôʱ
˵ٹɡ
ⲵͷ˫ӳǶ㣬ЩȥʯӦҲ˶ˣҲ˹ȥš
ԶڹһգҪڹ֮ǰͿĲ֡


293 
ץ, ֯纣
ڷִǸν˺纣ͺ޽ٵֻҽˡ
Ҳȡԭ, ˿ǰˡ
Գ˽ʷ񵱵̫Ϸһ̨͵ˡץ˶ǡ޹ġ
纣ģȥ껹ǡŴء
ֳһηǾȻ˽ˣһأ
иڱָ㣬ʹƣһһÿǾô·, ٸˡϲ
ҲûŹѾ, Ӯôսʣ
ǰѽһԣ˵ҧһڣΪȴͼ죡
ԭȽǽҽĶǧǰͲ, ת, ʷͲ˰ɣ
纣취Ӣ˵, 𽪱ʮڣǲɢǧʿھҪ
˶, ɼǺõģĶߵСˣ
һȲϽĲһϵµʷôѡ֪Ҫѡĸ
Ҫ
Ȼʷְλڹ֮£ҲһҪְ߹١
պǽˡ
ҵһƬƲ
ԭǧһֱ潪ƴûǧҪǮġ
ƽʱݻСǲɢʱҪġһ¾ܰҸͿˡ
ȻҲǲС纣գǮܲ
ǧֻһ, һҡǧʿԼҴľū
һҪáΪ˵ʲôʱһõǡ
᲻ǮٽЩ˼ҾͲˡ
纣ᶨ˵һһɨЩĵصҵزһɳɰգһֳֻǶȥˣ
Ƹ۵½˵ЦһЦΪˡңְ̫ܵѽеΣҲ⡣
ֻнһҲûУǸӻɴ죬ںȴܶ¡
뽪ڹⲵĵҲܿˣýһһֻᡣ
Ҳ֮⣬ʽҪҪŮƽǲ
ҡͷб׼𰸣ǽĵӣⲷγģʮȫнڹӦԵġ
Ҫרѧϰ֡
Ϊ⣬Ц˵͸ŮˣѾȢӣ˺ụ̈ŮˡǴ磬Ҳýء
ţ
е㷢㶣һκʣ𣿡
Աɫˡ
̾ҡͷŶȥ
һ⸶֮ˮźһ⡣
㲻ңкҲ㣡
Ƚߺ󣬽ҪȥģеС檡İĳ輧ŮзݣװĶ
˵ۻˣǶǮ
ϣժ¥Ѱѧһ顣
ۣЦȥ
ţɫԣʣ˵ʲôˣ
ҡͷҲС˵ʷ˵ý
ý
ͣϢ׹
ý
Ȣˣ
û

һ룬ȷʵˡô˵ýҲ
ǾͿɫƽʱĹµġ
ȥɣŴʲô¡˵洺ڣ죬Ҵȥ档
һ
˵һ
ȥô˵𣿡ԲȥʲôҡҲȥ
֪ڵĵжСѾϰ̨ˣ뿪̨
Ǹȥˡ
ҪģǰҲϲȥ棬βǴһȥѡ
ҲȰ˵ÿĴתһתг⡣
ǺǰЩڹ뿪֪ܵȥˣ˸Уȥתת˵
һ˿棬ڴ֮Уܿ쵽ˡ
ӱųȥԴժ·ֱȥժǹѾгˡ
ǰͳ·ȻȥҲû棬˻ǻصˡ·˵ʲôʱܿأ
첻ֹйд
̫ӱ˹С
ǽϴΪ˰ȫɥĲѽһŸһȫˡ
˻У˵ҵӳȥĲһֱұ
Ҫ³Ѫ
в⣬ٱ³ΪϾԿ
ͽûݣĴźƺƵӳڽϣ˵ĳܣΪ뿴־
ᣬػصܣҫ󣬿ʼ̽ô֣ô
ϵ̷ͽ
ʹȥֵô̿ͻȺУȥȺʱ̾ͱ˸ϳˡ
ɣ
ɣ
ȥɵʧЦֵȫŮҲмӵˣԾǡ
еδļǶ֣Բһʱϳ
ߵĳǰ˰ѴͳȻһ꣡
ڳһƲֵɫȽ˰еӶ򿪺ŭ־ŵ̧ͷ
ϵһʼֻһ̧ͷܿģ˶̧ͷ
ǡôĻɣһ
˳ӡաҴӽպϵò⻷Ѹɫǻֻǵùڳеġɡ
԰Ϊ
ǰʮһֱԸģΪòϲ˶ܣҲһֱûоòһָ
ԴӵֳǺһжһˡ
һòΪܡ
죬ڹĳϱϵ˹ۿʱȻԼ·ѹˡ
ֻһԸ
ϣԺҪǵհףǰ׼ӵܡ͵һգ޸ĸˣһū
ĬĬƵС
ɣ¡վ˵
԰һᶨˣԺ㲻Ҫҵļˡ
ǲܡľܾҪԾҾɱȫҡ
԰ȷŭ
ౣ֮ǰû𣿡ͬ
԰ŭ˵֮ǰɲ֪޳ܣ
Цʣ޳ںδŪ㣿
԰ĿɿڴһŮӣȻֻܰ׹ߣ
ȻûŪϸ䣬ʲôû
ȴԼԸȥҲԸ¡
㲻뿪˵뿪
Ѿ̫͸ˡô˵
԰ŭ˵ֻǽ㣡
ġ˵
԰ۡ
ʲôǸӣǸΪ̫ذֻǰתһȦȻ׷𣿡
԰ƿԡ
ȷʵǡ֮ǰĻ档
Цౣ׼̫ǰҪϥ̫ǰȴһ𶼲ãһ׷𣿡
԰ᷢ⡣
Խ˵
Ϊ㳤Բ㻹ļˣΪֲܹһС˵
Խ޵١
Ҳ׷㡣ˮһĵУḧһ⻬һ
ҾͿԵõ㡣һеƵ㡣þĳһԺҲֻǱӵҰȥպҲһɱˡ
԰촽
ҲرļˡЦһ£̫ػһǡȥ鷳
԰˸ս
תˣǰչ˰԰˵л㷢ˣӦòѰˡ
˿дİ԰ǰҲһ¡̾ͷˡ
ͻȻʣУҶ౲𣿡
һ㶣ʧЦ˵̣ʲôأ
ûĶ԰԰ʲôǿϷӸࡣ
Ȼ׹ΪʲôҪϷ
ͻȻ˵βշ
ȣؼҡպ϶Ҫȥġ
˵Ҿð׹Ǹˡշպ󲻻ڡ
ˣʲô֣
˵ҽнʤ
Ҵһصժ¥ȥŰ԰һˣ㿴һǲǽˡ
ǣӦϵģҲսϲϲ檣ԽҲϲ⼸ӣûôܹǡ
ôڹﵱˣǸ˵ֺϸһ£ú񽯼ˡ
ȻǸˣ
˵ūƺİѽϵĹץüЩ˶ֻ̣нʤˣһˡΪܱū۸Ͷ㵽ժ¥⸽ȹ˳ƾͳ˹ˡ
ū̾
Ǹ̬
Ҫ𣿡ʣ˼ǲܣûҲ̲һҺû¡
أȿʲôɡ˵ɫԣοҲ֪ūΪ˳ϣˡ


294 Ż
԰ûгԷ, һûԷˡʤȵû˵ʱ򣬶һˮ, ɱ
԰ɡѶǰ
԰ʤձصЩҹｯʤ£;ǰ̬ǲԵġ
ʤһҹӣ˽ӺˣҲܻ, Ҳ, ôƽǱ˹ôʸأ
, ˮɿʵĺ, ֪ͺȹˣԽ˿֮, Ҳ֮ɱҧ, һڿڰѱȥ
Ҳˡ
ʤһֱԣȫ˲ŷĵ˵Ҫ˳ӹ
԰һܣί˵˳ҳʲôˣ
ʤ˵ҵõܾڷԼ˹֮ԼҧԾġ
԰һʤ˵ҵʱԱߡǵֽŶס, һۡ
԰һս
ʤѺȿյıӲػػ˵ûˮҲԵģǶţ˵˶ࡣ˿տˣûѪûзǾͻǵӽ⿪ǳȥгԵģҲҩԺˡڻҲͶ̶ʱɣȫͬˡ
ʤһ죬Ρ
ȷܲʤ˵֪𣿹ҵֽѽǿժ¥
԰һ˫Ư۾ɵԲġ
ʱջعϻԶûķ⡣ϸŮ빬Ҳǽ̨ʱ
ʱСֲģ˽ָ𣬷̨һҹ֮ŷ뿪԰԰֪ôˣ
԰ãȻҡͷ
ôѵŭ
ʤЦ˵ҵĸ˵ڼдЦۣʶ֡
˵ҲûдŭԴΪ٣
ʤңңһָָŹǽ˵ڱժ¥ýϡļ磬̵ǹĶ
ǵȻ
԰صĳȥ
ǹమ
ѵҪڴ϶ÿһ˵ǹǿģԸ⣿
ʤɫէ䣬һҩʵֻˡֻΪǰϵŮһ׷㣬һж㣬ֻΪһˡ
԰ˢİ
ĻΪѡ֪ѵĽʤĻܲˡ
ô飬һɣѵôȥ𣿡ʤת˻ͷȭͷ˵ڲлһչ𣿡ָűķ򣬡̫Ӿÿ춼Ҫ㲻ʮɣѵ߹ȥĲѧչʾǿչʾ˿𣿡
ڶ˵԰ʱΪ˵ЩؼʲôĻҪȥºûռͶ˵߰׹ӣԳȥɢɢġп
ºѾڵˣڰϣҲ󽫾׵£뷨𣿡
ûһ̧ͷ˵ҪТӣصøòǸԵТ˳ŹȻ֮ǰоõּǡֱסĻش˵㡣
øԾˡ
ϾʷбŵҲ
үѵͲܸһʡĵĴ𣿣
Ĭµ˵һ

ֱ̹Ȼ˵ѲУֻ־Ź䡣Ů֮ȴд־֮Ըסղ֪⣬ˡĳӣ
ЦΪҪʲôõĵλֻΪ˰ռһˣüȻǣʹҵˣغ᣿
³ҵĴҵ𣿡ʹ㣬ԼҶó̫ӵìܻӼ񣬶˭˭ӮҶԽŮλϡ
ⲻ⡣ٵ˵ԼҲԶӵнºֻҪдټˣԶֻǱĴȴб³
죬޻˵ЮЩ͸ɹˣһҲðѴʲô⡣
Խ˵Խպ˾ͼޣ˾Ͳޣ͵ҪԶֽŮݣΪ³ŮҲ⡣ԽԽá
ֻҪܿԼʹϲǸˣżժ¥Ҳǲԡҧɳԣ
˵Խ䲢Ů֮黹ü𡭡
ȷʵýףбĸܵˡ׺˺ӣжమļͥ
ʱҪĻ𣿻׶
ռģݲһ˿ķġӣǺӡ
ô˵ĻùԽŮ֮˼
˵ɡ̾˿ȻԵҾǲȢޣԼȢľˣ˸ýҾǲˣúúãģϲ˭󽫾ýǾ
һ£ýģ˵˼ýģв٣
ֱ⽪ٹ˽Щ˼Ҷһ顣
ûˣֻܲˡ
ʧȥеľӺ󣬲ֹһ̻̲Ҳк²֮УǸӼеץסеȨ
ҹҪϵ֮Ȩ
ܽˡ
ûϵµȨӡ
ƴҲûС
ο˳óһ顣
֮ǰ뿪ֳǵһȺʯǣһЩҽѾˣȻϱǹˡ
һ⣬ˡ
һ˵λǸ٣ҫһûʲôҪƣܳãõ֪һ֣Ĺپͳ
ԣҲߵһкü˱ʾԸ⵱Ĺ٣Ҳ˵úá
´ûôԶܶ˱ʾϸ֮ͬ󣬻ȥ´ãõ̶ֳȡԻؿ
ǲȥԭ򣬶ʵһҲá
ⲵˡ
һæǺãǡе㾪еɣȰοܺµĹ²ǼС¡
ûٳóĴ糯
ʱڣҡԼȨ졣
úãҿԵôʵݡ
ȴСƹ
ʵòã¡
ǹţѾܲˡ
Ψһһ׵˾Ǵˡټ̫ӡ
Ҳһأ
Եʲôô
˳˼С
ȥɢи˹ⲣúȥһ£ȥһʣĲ뵱ˣʲô飿
빫һ£ʲô飿
˸ʾ縸ĸã
ĸΪʲôã
ⲴһԴʺŻȥˣȥͼڵҵˡ
ʲô£ʡ
˵½ҵ½ˡ
½棬ʯһˡ
ôģԾɫһ١
ô뵽Ծȥͻȥһ£ֳѾҪֳɥˡ
²١Ⲻܿ뵽йϣǡĸֳµ֣
ڵͷʮ֮˾š
ԭصĴһֳǣȴʶ˾λ丸ĸֳǻΪˣǿϧʱǳӵֳ
ȥʶ½ˣܿϢ˵½бһֱһչμиĸֳ֧֣Ѱһᡣ
ºָ򣺡ǡ
λڳɽˮ֮һͳУûʲôص㡣ȴ³֮һ
㷭ǼǹٵţԱȦǣǡɽҲ
ǻΪǣ޷֡
ǵĹϵҲһֱܺá
½ˣϧѵоûһ뷨Ц
˵ңԼӦǹˡ
Ҳްɡ˵ʱǵֳأԺ󣬻ȥ𣿡
ѵǰ˲ȴ·ϡ
ǰҲû뵽ЩµɱԼĹ⡣ɱˣֻһҲǰҵæ
û˵
ûɱӣ˶
£ضˡ
Щǹٵţһ˿ڴ˵֪жٴǹٵģ
ԽԽá
ζи˲ܼڲǵĲѱѾ˼Σ
Ҫѻյøһ㣡


295 
һƪ, ѴǹٵǼȫҶ´, Ȼӱްƪĸ͵ǹٵǼȥˣȥĻһС٣ɤŴͬŵľƳܳ, ԵԳһҪ˵غڳֵĵطҪƪĸԽΧԽã
Ϊ˷ֹ˺, һٶŹҲ͡
ͨ·֡ûбͦʡǮģʲô³Ƕˡ
˻ûߣ½ֳѾϵֳˡ
糾桢ࡣ
绹ûܳߴôТ, үүôТ, ܵôТȱôһ˲ţ˾½Т, ߹
ԣһ㡢ֻ£ҲȷʵǶ˺ܳһʱ, ĸ·ϵ̨¾Ϳʼ˵شܿ죬һ¹ſúˬֳΧۡ

˰
ʲôأ
ܵܡ
ܵôˣ
ܵˣһؼҾˡ
ү
ڽõϢ˵ֱ˶¹ţڹⲵõϢ˵½֮Ѿֳ֮ǰѾһгԣһ, ˼ҸòҴˡ
ԺܿͽԷںϣڴôˣΪʲô˲ĳЩ˵¾ô
Ĵ𣿹ǰһ࣬ѾҴؼȥˣɽ˵Щʲôר굽ֳΪ˹ɶɶʱܰ۵ĹΪ˾ɶɶ½ò绨ȵȹ¡
սֵ˺ֹδ
ȥץЩ˵ˣϧ̾˵̫ˡ
ԽץԽ˵ҪǣǾͰˡץģֻȲˡ
ʱϲֳ˵ĻѣȤ¾Ͳ·ã
ԲܿʱҲֻȰԼбס
̰ɡ
½Ϊ½࣬Ȼ˸ӻԼȥˣûʲôҪȸβ
һʼ½Ϸ½ǿƣȴԺ˲òֻʣһ󣬻ҲҪۿ۵ġ
ǴԺûʳÿֻһˮֻڳŲסʱʱȫǲСⲲòҪǿƣǿѪˣԼĴ˵˲һ㶼Ȳˡ
½ͻء
ЦвȴһСԾɹ˻Ůˣ
Ⲹ̾һ漴ùŹ
ΪϷʵ
ֻ֪һٰ½̳̳һеġ˭½½ࣿ
½ڵϵȽм䲢ڡƪдģҲʹҰģȴȱ֧Ұĵ
׾ˡ
Ŵƪзյġ
ͽ֪½뿪ֳǰʯоǳ͵
ڿɣһ½̨ǰһޡڽô˵½ģ
ʯˡ
˵ʱΣǱس½档˶εˣֻ½ҡźúôѪ½档
ӹô߽˶
Цʹⲣжȥ½ˣ
Ⲻ˴εĺӣ˵˻ûм½࣬ˡ
˿ڵ½ֻԽһ󡣹ʹڿ½Ĳ״еҲ֪ʲô£ûκ˼½ࡣ
Ҳ̫ãҪֳ֪Ҳô
ֹµ
ôһֵͦģ̨ȨûһкǺǡ
Ķ˵ٵȵȡ
黹ûֻͣίˡ
ⲳʱȵʱȵʮǹٵĴǱ֮Ѿֳ˵޶Ļˡ
͹һ֮ء
һֱҪʹ
˫ۺڽǰٲңҽͲȥˣ
ϲģתͷͶ˵׼ԡ
˺ЦתȥĿɿڴߣֿʼϵĽĿ
ҹϡ¥Ʈ㡣һҪ߸һˣ
ⲱס֣
á뵽һõӡ˵ˣð԰Ҳһѧ裬ʱһܸĴһ˲СĶҲСӵòȹߵҲѷɫսӢ䣬Сģ˵崿ˡ
԰˴˵ҹ磬Сˡû
ʤϽûʱȰͬϯĻйлҪ˵ʱ򣿡
԰ͻһǻǻ׳־׳˾ϡ
Ȼ裬һ컾
԰еġ
һˣ̬ׯأĿңʮֶ顣ҲֹĻ׳顣
Ӱղĵطһ齣ǰ齺ʮ̺ţˣһˣǹ
߽Ϳøˣòܲס
һū³˸׳ͷŨܣɫǳڹĿƬ̲빫
һˣǸòõɣ˵Թʱ࣬ϳ̨ʱҲҲڴλ˹١
Ӧġ
԰ȴ㲻ôģɫǺܸӡ
ֹˡţҲͣˣ˲˶ڿ
ˡ
ֱһӣ˶˿ˣҪȥ
԰ϽǰֻһҾĳһ裬Ը湫ɣҡ
ɫ£һɫŵ
Ⲷ˵һ䣬һţ
㵽Цɫ塭
Ц˵дҡ
ԽԽԣûСʱϲǿһӡǣ³ˣҲ
£ɫ˵ˣαòĸߴ󣬲³ˣô簡սϺͷһɢʨӰ
ͷĽϻһֻסСԽ˵һͺ
ҲСЦǿɺˣ壬԰ɣ
ֿЦȴܲ
ʵϲ̡³е˹ڴùʧ
¹Уһŵĳתһˡ֣û˵
ýֻռסλãպָõʱٰ˵ȥĿǰߵУ˽ԼʼǣûзֱĽӡ
ֻΪˡ
˶ûͰ԰裬԰ҲģǶŹģʱһֱڴĿ⿴ⲡ
ⲵ۾ճڰ԰һ
һĻЩĶ˵Ҫౣ˵Ǹǲ
ر԰ܺ棬԰ηֹⲶĿҲʱô죿
ѵΪ֮⣬϶Ǻˣ
ҪҲԣҾô򲻻Ὺڡ
ǣһ󣬰԰Ŀⶼ컯ʵˣⲼѵİ۾߳ԽЦдӣ޺
԰һӱþɥһֱժ¥ûˣΪֻҪ򿴵ͻ֪Ǳȵģͻ
۰԰ȥˡ
Ǹʤᰲοġ
뿴ʤʲô԰ǽʤõĹߡΪʤ˵ֺûҲ֮Ϊֻܽ԰
˵ѽڹе´ȥʲô͸Ҹӡ
ǡ
һҹ֮ϣⲻû⣺׽ҪôѾʮϴǱˣ
ֳǡҪǵĸһ˵Ҫڼô̶ӵģѵûнҪ𣿡
𾪣ھͽ
ͷԲŵˣǡ
ºӭЦҹժ¥Ǻ٣
򡣡Ц
СӻݼաЦתݸһ򣬡˰ׯԷˡ
ӹһׯԷǽϪӵϸ棬ׯҰռϪӵͭ꣬񼫣
Ǽ٣ü
ͷҲһơҪֳΪ棬ȥϪˣٷڲϾȤˡ
óһ򣬡󽫾Ѿ˷Ǳֻ򣬾˵Ѿǲɢˡ
Ǻǡ
վڵͼǰˮһ㣬ڿˡ
֪ûôѱи㣬ҪǵĴﲻͨ½·ˮˮ
ˮֻһ꣬ܶǡ
ǽ˵Ķٵֳ͡˳߲



296 
ÿ춼ᵽժ¥, ڽ߻ʱˣʼøʱȥ͹е
ˡ
˵, ϲϰ԰𣿡е㲻̫ţôǣƣ
ڶ¥ĿⲽĿһϵ;Ķ֮Ѹײڶ֮ƶ㵽ʯ̨¡
Ͷһˡ
ôһ, Ӳ
Ȼð԰й컯աĻϯԼϯ, ᣬʲôⲰȥ
˼ǹⲣֲռʲô, ԰ϷƤ, ܶߡ
Ϊ֣Ĺǡ˵
ͷ, ҲµˡúɫƵȼȥɱαһҲ編ơôΪһţ
Ҳò׼Ҫô, ΪţҪôŲšĿ겻ǰ԰
ͺ֮ˡ
԰ܰʲôʡ
̽Ϣ
֪һᷢڴ̽ڣתͷЦʡ
Լİѱ͸
˵ȷʵûйⲵİѱ֡λȨء, ڲĹԽԽ࣬ĺܶදҪȥʵ֡
᲻ᵣҳأᡣûڴⲵҳϣʵںҳֻн䡣
뽪Ԥǵıѡ
ˣյǵҰġǲᱳԼҰҲͲᱳ
ⲻ᲻ᵣûİѱһݺһѱô죿
֣Լ
žǹˡ
˳ȥ˺ӽ֮ٵϴǱ֮˵ֳ֮ȷʵԽԽæˡæòɿ
ÿ춼ܱ˶ҲĳпͿƬģж˵һġ
һȴΣӣ
мȿ빨׽ġ
ƺھһĹֳ֮ݷڷ֣Ŷվûͦȣ̾Ҫӡ
Ⲷеа
ȲȫȻĹϵֲĽһȨӡ
һЩģһЩϱֳҲӻġϻȰĲ
ȻĴ桰塱һȰɴʹһ˭ҿһģ
һıĹ
д붼ǽġ
ٴαŲ֮ݵϥµҲˡ
֪ϣܱ֪
һܴԶļʶ֮⣬ҲùⲶԹԭ֮һ
ΪȨԽ󣬹ȨԽС
ǸŮˣǴߵȫ˿˼ûǵ̰Ȩ֮ˣֻ˲Ż᲻ںܸȨ˭ֻҪȨܷ׳Ƴ
һֱǫ̂ͻΪС˳Ѩ˶ӣǲǹĻᡣ
ȴ˽ģʵϴΪһ塣
ôվ£ǾͲһеģԶĲ˵ģ̨ĻΪۣ߳Ϊ
˵ɶûС
˻ƣ˲Żۡ
ⲽĽ֮˼̨
һΣֻףĶǱϡǵļ嶼һڽϣ³ѵ֡
Щ˱Ƚϰȫ
Щ˵İ
һμܳɹЩеĽҪһ㣬էȻִʵûôɾҩжܾϲ
Ϊĳ̶Ȳ࣬Խϵģ֮½еС͵ˣ֮ѾǴˣ
͸˾ϲˣѧñȽ죬ȴʱעŽĳ̶ȣֽʱҲװᡣ
뽪֮ġֵ֮顱Ҳ˸жᡣֵܻãӲһ⡢һˮ˶Ҫá
ﻹమֵܣﻹ˺ֵܣ
ڿˣ
ЩΪֱû˵ѵǸҲ˵ƯǸĸǶ֤ġЩ˻ؼһѧȻʮֹġ
£Щڹⲵ¼˽ͻȻáʵҲеôְ
ⲴЩˡײ˽Ϸ԰
˷ָһĻڽͰ԰ɵ£ԵȤöࡣ
԰ڵ٣Խ
úɻ
԰Χһ㣬ɫɢɫĵذϡ
걳ӲԿȼյŭ
ʹһЩ⣬ôʹУǰǲϻԵ
Ȼ󣬽ķԱΧۣĽȥˣ¥һ·ȥ
Ⲵһ˿κζЩͣЩƤ
ǶһȻʵ˵ߵﶼҪлƵĹ̫ˡ
ǼеĽƢõǸ
ڰ԰һūǻӣǰ߸䣬ߵܳһμѻ
ЦһЦֻ԰԰ڼˣҲܸˡ
һȺ˾ˮϯض̸ʫ衣
԰òףҲ¹飬׾Щϲˡ
ǣһ˵˷θ֮ԣ֣һ֮롣֣°ݡ
԰ǰҲ֣صֱֳԣֻҪزƴǣ
˵ˣ׷㣡ùҪ׷ɫ³ߣ԰
һƬ֮
£ǰĪ
ˣ
ֿɾ³ˮ𣡡
ѽ˻ôҹҶȥ룡
ЩǺ뷨ġ
ǵļ壬Ҳȷʵֽ֧ϵġ
ǴһʼûҪɱģΪκҪĵˣǴĲͼϣ
ȣǽϹɱǾǲ֮٣²Ҫ˵붼룡
ΣףҪķ֡
й͵ˣӻ̫Ӷֻ꣬һƷϵСھͲܸƽ̫ࡣ
ǣȥҲСԶޣôܱ֤޳ȥ󡭡
ǣǶΪһɫ֮ˣ˨סõİ취ˣ
԰˭
԰ǻҲᱨ԰ģ׸ɣ
ŵֻҪ԰ܹܵסù޸
԰ֲԷˡ
ôˣ
ҡͷʤ˵ʲôҲ˵ڴϡ
ܴ̼ˡ²һϻعһЩˣǻһһƣϯ˵˳ˣ
пܡǾˡ
ʤɣᰲοġС
бҪġ
ˮ迨Ҫ䣬Ϊ˵Ҫפϲֻ
ʣҪ˰𣿡
աҡͷ˰ĴֻͨͬʱΪ˱ӵͨĴֻ͵ж
˵ǣֻˣ뿪ˮ
ʣʲôĻҪ
Ρ֮͡粼ϡȲ
ֿϲʳ¸²Σ¸²ͣ¸²
ɾǡ˽֮ϢΪˡ
֣֮һֱ³ɷѣٺò
ֻա۾ˣգ
˵Ҫǣԭ˼
ֻЩ뷮ǣռգֻǽ뷮ǵʱ䣡
Ʋۣȴһն֮
һꡭꡭꡭ
꣬Ǳع鹫㹰ֵȺعô˳ǣ


297 
ֳ, 뽭Ǹˮ
ҵ֧, ĸǼңĵڶӡĶûʮˣ˵ǴСܵʱСƵ˱ûǺãûз֣һҹȥ, ûˡ
岻֪Ǽ١Ǵ, ǡӦҲı⣬ʱѵ֪޼ĸͼĸĺˣ
һֱΪǴߵ˽ġ
, һ˴ӻ߾šĸẦ㡱ֻ, ԭ޼ĸҲúˡ
һжΪ׵, ûдԪѡˣڴżȻһˣĸס
ִҪĸȢ, ĸӲϡֵܲϵĶ
ֳǻͳѾͷ飬ѣҲȥԣÿغ
ǻƾ, ʶȡǴ˾ԽԽԽԽ㡣
ȵǶʮģɫЩǳصʮɫ꣬صһɫ紼ۡ
Ҳ㹻ˡ
ﲻҹܣҲû취ܡĸ˸ãң׻һ֮Ҫ˼ɵĵطкܶ࣬һζƫĸӡ
ʱǺãƫˡ
ĸ׳ļңүү游ƸļŮǵһȨ׼ڴĸ󣬸ִҪȢĸףүүʱΪѾ˴磬Ҫ׷Ļúø磬ǽУΪƫĸ׶Ǹĺӡүүǰͷĺ󣬵ӭȢĸס
ûκβ
ĸ׾һٵĸҪȥǱ棬ҪǱߵ˽ߣסƬ̶ҷſҲŮ꿪ɣűĸ״ֶ飬Ŀ죬׷ͬˣʮĺҲ
硣
ĸ׾Ͳٶش飬˯ˣ֣뱳ҲһֻС档
ʱףʱؾͷ鱾ܳȥһǴ졣Ҫĸ
ö֮¸ףҲһɢƢ
ϾԶһСӣԶֻǵץ֪ˡº
󣬴㷢ʱĸ׵Ļɡ
֮Լˡ
һֱ˯죬ĳһȺ˷Ų߹
ƯѾͷƺˣס˯ɣ˯ɡ
Ѿͷ˯ˣȴ˯ţһֱ۾ֺ۾
磬콥ĸ׵ĽŲڴӣô˯ŲԹ𣿡
ҲǴСһ𳤴磬Ϊ˵
εС˵һһͣС˯ˣһֱûҽȥ˯ôء
ȻǸ˯ѾͷҲС˵˱𼱣ڻȣҲҽһ׼ˡ
ĸĳ̾һǣǺúչ̫ˡţ￴ҲУﻹ𣿻Ƕˣ
˵УȥֳʱĻûء
ҲһЩ̫ظģһȥĸ˵꣬תˡ
Ժ･žʱ֣ûµĶҸطЪϢȥˡ
СѵֻʣһӣڿϣӰͰһ׵ĸ첲ȥ˲䣬Ӱԭ·˻ȥˣر졣
һߣǽϷȥһûˣ̶ǽС˵죡ûˣ
Ҳٵķˣ˷ŲһСܣͨҸǰֵ·ϣ굽ԱߵС˷ŵȡ˻һ·Աһ䣬ʿ˳ǡ
˳ţȱ˿ˣһ·񱼵Ĵׯ˳¿˸·Ĺߣһ̲ͣ
ϳһ˾ͻϢ
ŽߡйĴ󴬣۲˵ҪͺˡǾͲôˣ⴬ˮߵö찡
ҡͷϱҵ鷳ˡ
֪Сڼһ᲻ᰤ
Ụġ̾ҵڶûȢţСһˣڶҵĸ
Ц
ҲֵЦ
ǰһߣ֪ټڡС˵أͳЩҲô
ҹ̣ϵҪҪڳɽ¿˵ˡ
Զӿ³˫˹һѽסӯڽޣǵȵˣһˣ
ֳúˡ忴ϧĹǣۿһȣҲˡ
ϧ˰£һֱڵ壬ϧסĵطϢ
ϧҿҵĴȥˣΪܹܿ㾹Ȼ߰죡
ЦԷΪҴֻÿͷ¿ˡ
¿Ϳ๦ߣϧЦ¶𣿡
ڴֳǻ·ϣϧʱתֳǣľ֣ϼ˸һȥźóơϾǸ˳ɹֳǲʩչ̨뿪ֳǣٻصֻһվɣκθı䡣˼꣬ǽֳǵķʱǻʲôϣ
嵱ʱ˼ɼĸףԼŻĸ״鷳ԥûдӦϧ
һʣֳƺ֮һιǾ˼ҲԼҪ˴ˡ
һһصУ֪ϧؼҺҲ𱸲áȡȻϿǣͽǸˣȻǼǺˡǺޣǲǸǻ
ұϧϱҪǵľ
Ҳһ£ҲΪŭҡлҪҲϱǹ
ϧܾˣҲܾˡ
ϧߣԼһȥֳټ
Σǲ̨һþͲˣϧ
ʹ󣬿Ŷϧ˵д˴ǱŴȥֳǣˣ

Ѿˣȥֳʱδûбȡ֮ġȰʱҲǹעһ
õһҫﶼС
һ㶼
ϧʹһҹ󣬵ڶ·ˡ
ҺϧʱǷּˣӡȱͰ͵ֻһ
Ǯ֧ţһ·ڶˡڼ鶼ҪŲţڹ󣬸ϧڳִۡ缢ƿʵжûô
һΣǾͿ쵽ˮˣȴ೵ˣŲǿˣЩҲ񸽽İա
ϧȥʣȻˣ֮⣬кܶǷۼ
ô£ʡ
ϧ˵󽫾ǰһؿˡ
ˣɫʱ仵ˣЩ˵Ļ
мˣʣ³ȥ
ֿˡϧסӦòǼٵġӦǵõʲôϢڴδߣǰȥˡ
ʱˣô˵˿֣˻ˣ
ĲǱĴֻδǴӽǳ֣ȥġ
֪ܲʲôݣֻ֪ӺζԲ뷮ǡϧ
ˡͷЩǸʲôˣ˵֮С
ϧδΪ˲ӵֻܵİѻȫжЩ׷ҲûȥЩ˴Ϊ˶İɡ
ǣ˼š
Ǵ᲻⽪ţһСͷԲ˵εģеĻһͼˣⶼҵ
Ӧòǡ˼Ҽ˷ҡͷԴ˵ܼҾûбǼ˵Ķ֣˿⽪ţʮ֣˿ܱȶʮʳֵǮο֪ȴûвֻǲȥѡ
ȥҵĻô˽Сͷŭ
һҲȰϣ˵㻹ǿѻ߰ɣ۲ˡţЩûģǵͷˣ˿ĻȥϽߣ·ЩҲܻص
˵ɣϸӵͣһ߸ߣˮһֱߣд͹ˣɳ֪ҪƶһȦӣ˵Ǵӳɽ߸ЩɽȥãȥһȦã˵
˵˰ˡ
ӳɽƺˣγɽ·Ͳܣοɽɽˡɽ˵ʳͱ֣˿á
߳ɽһȦҲʵһҪһµĹ
ô죿
ڹ˼ҿ꣬ؼ˼룬ɵðЩ˵ǴðģȻֶȥЩˣѡʳ˰ɡ
˻ʵֻܾ͵ؼȻΣ취˵ǡ
£Ѫ˰
ֳǣժ¥
˵˵ǻǼɣ˵˲ȥֻܴйָ߼ǲҲҪԡ
Ц˵ҪһʵĻ屶Ҳǲܵġ
Цúİ
ϲ


298 ճ
ϧ˾, ҹ·ӵȥЩǻ, صĸȴԭһ롣
ôô٣ϧֵʡ
ҡͷ֪Ϊʲô궼ˣҪҪ͸߼ۡ⻹һȥģ۸Ҳǰߵöࡣ
ʳ͡Ρ, ԼһЩ͸ɻ
һ·ΪǮ, Գ飬ʳﶼھ͵صĳ򲹳䡣
⻹Ǵζءϧ̾תͷ˵ϸտʼؿ, е˾Ϳʼϧ, ǿϧ˳аգҪһοˡ
Ƕ, רĴ˲ûдʳӦǲ, д˵һġ
˶ˡҲʳ⣬Ӧ˵ǵ̼Ҵ붼йأЩֶҲǼߵġ
ֻЩǮƣ浽˱ճǳĵز
ϧ̾͵֪ܲ㸻еûôࡣתͷ򷮳ǣ, ˳ɵİֻ¶ԲǼ۵ʳ
ܸʩĻᡣⷮ˽ң󽫾ֽʣµҪһðͷġֻ˭̵ˡ
ʱðһԱ˵ļǮȡȫǰһٶġ
л䣬ϧ˳ֳȥ
˼ˡֳǹңԵ֣Աߵ˸ϵøɸɾϰ󲽽ͷһ䣬ҪҪǣ
ǹ˼Ǵӽû֮ðͷһҡȫҶ군ҵҰҲ¶ˡ
ⲻǹ˼ҵһθ
һϣҲûˡЩźԱߵֽ֣
ڵβԺҪģ̸ߣҲ㡣
ҡͷˣǶáҵҪǱȴ͹ãֻ鷳ʹˡ
Ը̫زܽеһȫˣֻ컺ͼ֮ɶôһⶼûеġ
԰԰¹򣬵Լһ㣬ֻҪһ㣬ȹˣҲټɵá
ˣͷɣôȽϺã
Ⲹ죬ùõġһǺɫһ̰ƣǻڸֲǴëġ
ǹ٣̰ƲУǾͺɫɡ
ûȥã꽯ҽﶼǳˣֳǵŮˣȫ֪һûС
ڵɫɡֳǱȽϳɫһɣһ԰Ѿ⣬ֳǵ˿û֣ʲôţ᲻֪԰
۾һãã
Ѱ·һʤ
ǣⲺɫܿȥˡ
Ȼ˻ɡ
˵Щ㡣
û˵ΪõһϢū˿ʼɫͯˡ
Ҳã±ʢɵĶȫΪ͸Ϸжһе£Ůлʱһ궼Ǻӵġ
˵ѾŮϲ߷һСͯˡ
Ѿ㾡촦԰ˣѾϴףҲûôˡȻ֪ʤʲôû˰԰Ժ󣬽ʤûкУ˵¶š
԰뿪ֻ²صҾͻΪ˵Ľ殡˶֪۵ӵʲôģʲôζ
׼ҿɻס
û뵽취֮ǰһ֡
һһȨֳǵĹͯġҪˡ
ȥ˵һУϲֻ꣬ϲ׳ж
еԥ𣿻𣿡
׳֬ƶƣŮ㣬ж۽ߣͷáǵ˵һĺ壬ɽԻһ˫Գۣ
޹£̫ϸֻԵ͸ζΪѡ
ִҥԴսŵľ˵ٵģ֤ʵĲȫá
ȥˡ
һ첻ϵԷ˾ת
Һ׳УⲱԷԵ㣬űСѧҽӣЦֲ׳ŷӦأ
С˵˵󡭡ʹ͸ˣ˵غˡ
Ҫƺ񡭡·𡭡˵ĸһ
ȹ˰ѽֵԸһ󣬾Ҳֺܹ˾ܡ
ȥ׷ڣǮиš
׷Ϻ֮һҪȰã㲻ҲһҪҵǶǧһ֮¾ܻɽȥˡǧ̺󣬲Ӵˡ
ȻΣЧȴһһĺãϲЧã˼գѾšԼˡ
ЦһЦϸԼˣкõľˡ
˹˵˼ҲˣĽӿʮĵһ湫衣
ʲôڽʲôһ
Ҳͻɫѧһ飬ʲôʯʿǰȵȡ
žûȤôЩ
Цҽ֮ǰ˵˼ָ׳˵꣬Ϳɫ¶Цɵô̾ιŪң
ϡúܿ죬˵ԭ򣬹ⲵɫͱˣ˱ˡ
Ȼ˽ūˣôҲһȥ¡桢г˵ūĶҵ⣬ͨСնϼūͺ޲һӣūƷȥĵģֻǮûˡ
ⲵǵѾˣֳǵҲˡ
ˮ迨ǾȥģȻ֪˾ǳ˭ΪʲôǰĴûôԷǣǰķ̫Ҳڸһİ
ǵȻΪֳ̫ˣǻΪݡ
ǾֳǺͷ֮Ҳһ
һ֮£Ȱ裬̫ˡѾŲһﻹ֪ȥ˭ж֪һ֮أ
˵
Ⲳðգһʼ;ù³ĴСǶϵһ̫ðա̫̫ס
Ȼ˵ҪǶյԼġԼ
ʼЩҰҲֳ̨ǣСưԾˡ
빫ĵĲ֮ͬĵҰģηҰĻĸı䡣ΪǿǽҲǻ
Ϊ˲Ľ֣ɲҪ
Ȱɴдˡ֮м춼̨ܶܵʱ˵󽫾Ѿֳ뷮ǵĹٵؿˣ
ΪçײʹļףЩصĲ졣ѾǴˣԼϣΪ͹֮ĬģǶڻر˴ˡȻһպˣαضԹãӣ
˹ܸĵλ֮⣬Ϊλ
ĸȨģԺٹ٣˿˰ܶԹ·֮⣬ȷʵǰٹ̨ͨ
ľڸȨǰֻλӰ
㹫̨֮Ҳ˺
벻Ҳ벻
ȷһ£ĿǰûһõѡҲȷ²ᷢ
ֽңҳС󣬶Զ
ô£ͲţЩͲɱ
ðҲԼΪùˡ
ϢŭЦӯӯǸȴý¡
ˣˡˣҲٶ˵ʲôֻǹԺ£ǧ˼ֻҪһֻ֪ǽ󽫾뿪ǰõģֻҪˮ迨󣬵ڶڷֳ֮迨ԣʵ첻ڸǡ֪ͨһ
Ȼ̶̼죬ؿôˣҪ֪迨ɲһ͵¡
ͨⲰľϲǼʶǳ֮ˣȴδζ͸Ĳ֡ǹǾ£ǹıʿ
Ǻˣ
ֲںδ
ºڵлⲽԴӹⲳ̨֮Ͳڰˣֻڵɢ
㿴ͻʲôʱ뵽̽һİ
Ҫ𣿡
ϣ
룬Ц˵Ϻͻɱңң
˵ϣסȹúɱ㡣
Цˣĳ̾һ㿴֮ˣʣˡϵԲŲİѺ깨ҵǻɵụ̂šⲸѵͻ£ĺ
ֳǹ깨ңͲˡ
ΪֻһչϣҲֻݵһ֧նѡ
ϧ·ʱ䣬ڿ쵽ֳˡȴȵķֳִǵǵһ·϶˺üؿ
ϧصǹȻ죡
ɼһ㣡Ҳ롣
Ϊֳˣ;ܵʡΪ쵽ֳˣϧ֮˾Աš
һʯ˵ʾˡ
˳û̽ʿҲǲرʮ̫СԽʧٺʮͲˡǽȥ鿴ֻˣ֪٣˵Ѿǲɢˡ
ϧ̷⣺ǲɢˣӦϢ
ⲻʿ磬Ϣģ
԰Ǵ󽫾ȻҲ죬֪˵ѣɷͰһ㣬Ǵ󽫾Ҳ޷ʩֲܴ򣡡ǸСЩޣ󽫾󣬴ֻ迨Էһ
ûϵǶԴжġ
뿪ˡڳ˵ǾֳмգҲһѡ
ΣӣϧصĴȡ
ֳѾԷ׷ס
ǰЦѾаģԸзǣ
Դ迨ԺֳĻ̡̻ͨȻķв֮Ļʼվˡûκ⣬Ƕվ
Ǵڡ
οȺףʤϡ
˵ûдˣǵûе潪ӵĵزδ֪˵ʱһнͶҲʧΪһơ
ڡ˿̣˻򽪵ӿ֧ǰӡ
Ⲵʱ֪˼Ʋڷǣ
֪֪ڱ
⡣
ֵ⡣
µϰѴ͵ֳ˵С
Σ֮ʱġⲱۡ
õˡһۣ۽Σעۼ־ʶ֮ʿЩעΪá
һУ˰֣塣
˼
ǹŭȵ
һ۵ĳǹ˼ӵܣ򲻿ϼ֮󣬸Ӿʧ롣ڽϵǺ£
𣿹˼в֮ģ
Ǽ٣˵Ѿ桱ˡ
ô죿ô죿ӵʴˡ
ӰɡǱȥˡɫɷ׵˵
ӣӵȻԸ⡣
ʣѵҪת˾ɲ
ӵæҡͷϲᷴҥԣ
ҪطʸҲĹ˼һ֪£˼ұ˹Ǳͼ죬ݺ˼ҡ
뿪ֳǺǸϻطǡһҹͣЪϢӵֳܷʹ˶ˣֻһ
֪˺¹зģˡû취ԹΪԼҲ֪˼ǲ׼췴
š
ϵ֮䡣
ɲš
ȼĻص˷ǣȴȵķַǳǰˡϼҴڣټҰǨˣǳµµŵӡ
Ǵᵽ˾ͽˮҲ˵ˮҲȫ˳£еȥݣеȥͨݡ
ǣѾա
ѵз𣿣


299 ˾
˸, ֹ˳ƹ˶, һΪĳ룬ñȶӶģǵԼӳöߣȴǵԼѺж೤
ôһƽΪεˣһϳ, ŵӲˤ, ɵ岻š
ôˣ˳һһ߽ŵʡ
ôҲԭġ˳еģǰ磬ʱز, ûꡣʣһΪĸСšһ, ̫ˡ
˸ĵ˾, Сͽнһû˾ǽһġ
ڹ˾ųǰ, ˼ѾᣬǧټƵ취Ǿһǳ⣬˵үһˣҪƭү
һҸʶ˸ȡȡĶǸĸǼȡҸȡ, үͲ֪ҵĺˡ
ڶвˡǰӣǵⲻУֻҪŵү빴ʱ͸úͿ˰Ӳǹ˼ҵӰͲĻ
˼ҽ˾žôˡƽƽ˰պ󣬹˼ϾͰǸ˵˿ˡ˼ĳǰȥʼƣ˵زҪˣүŵĻǹ˼أ벻ĵĻ꣬ɡ
˵ĸӣ˳ƽأƽ󣬺桭̫̫Ҳˣүļ檽СһһģԺӳù̫̫ͷۡ
ǸջƣԺƺװټ
˾ǰ뱲ӿĸܵܣǿӡ
˸Сǹ˳ɣС֪ҪТ˳ԼΪҪʲôᣬˣסؿɫ˵ƣһʮ죬ڴš
˳ܴܵСͰѸ˾ŵܵչˣȵ󣬳ɼҽӹ˼ҵĵӺ󣬸ǰѹ˾ŵչˡ
˸ҵû¡常¸˵
˳ǲˣЬߡ
˸ҵû¡常𣿡
ˡ˳ȿȥ
˸û£
ֶڹ˾Ŵǰġ
˾žᣬ˾Ͳ˯ţ˵Ƶġ
˳㲻ȥܡ
˸ɳѾкܶհˡ
˳ֻһЩСѣؾšǮԡ⼸ҿɻȵ
߲ˡڷǾӪʮŵõڵĵλһоζ¿ʼ˭ģԽļԽס
ڿѵ
˸˵ʵ˳üֻ߲ܸǹ˼վһҹ˼ҵʱ̵ֻһѣ
ñһʱǧաڵʱôɽȥʱǵǮҲУȥÿҪֳǵ֮⣬ʣµľ뽯Уοֳǽҿɲܹռסǣδͼı
ǻѽ˸ɾȻһԽڷǵĸֻҪǸһֳ˯ˡ
ڹ˳Ҳ彯ڷǵײ˶ٱڽ벻֮󣬹˳ҵ˾飬ҷʮ
ʮҲ˶ѡǻɽо飬ֻǲ֪ںδ
ˣ󽫾򡣹˼ռһǮռǧԡŸռǧ
һ˹ʲô˵󽫾ӻ·ͻִìɱˣϰһգ·Ƿ
˼ҵʱֻ̱ǡһʱ̰Ķѡֻڴ̫غܱסȻռЩ˾͸ˡ
Ȼﻢˡ
˳ȴֻܳȥΪֻй˼Ҳı࣬ʣļҶףΨ˼ҲС
ǣ˳һ˵ͷȫ
ͷҲȥҪһʵͳͷҪ˼ȫܸȥ
ֶ˵˵ȥԱ߹˾űû˹˳֮⡣
˸⣺常ھͼ¾ȥֳǣ
˳ȥʲô
˸ֳǸʲôΣ˼һ֪ȥ常¾١
Ҫ常űõöࡣǵ֧ճһͷҲ常Ĳ
˳ã̾Ҫء
ȻҲ˹˸ľ֮⡣
˸Ц˵أ常û˵𣿹꣬׳У䲻꣬Ҳ׳Уδؾȫ
˵˵˳
ɢȥ¶ˡ
ºУָնԽ˵
̸۷ǵ¡ǰӣԽ˵ǸϢ
˵ⳡ̴һҲԸ⿴̫ˡ
ңڸشߣЩѵİû취ǰңŵֻǳǽ䡣Ȼ˵Ǽ£Ը⿴ع԰ǶڳÿΪ١
ͱڵֳǡ
Ŭֳǵ˿ͳѾˡΪƤ£ָ궼ҪȥģҲĿǰǵְҵֲһֱ۵ӡ
ӡǣ˶治Ǻ£
ȥˣûˡ
ҲãҲãƵСҲãҲãΪõġǶ飬ˡ
ǣ³кܶĶˡֳнɵ˶ǣԴΪҵԴΪԴΪ١
ɵƽʱ¾Ƕ顢д顢ۡ
˵飬дԼ飬Ȼ̸ۡ
Щмֵ𣿴˼˵Ȼмֵ
ÿնռϵ飬з˺ܶԶ˼ѿǳȣ
΢۵ۣΣӱҵңйڵ̬빫䣬ʵ֮临ֻƽĹϵȫ˷飬ȻҲۡ
˵из̵Ϊÿͬʱ俴ͬ󣬲ΧתתǲģתһȦʱܿǣתȥʱͿˣԺпܣبŲ䣬ӵ֮ΪǧǶǼţ˿ǺǿͬһţġȻǿΪԼ˶
ȻģĹ۵ۺһ£Ѿ˹תתż⻹ûԶ£ԼĲ²⣬޽ӽʵ
ʱʵǧûб仯еĹߡ
һԶأ
ڹߣĲŻ޷ʩչ
ЩûмֵУкܴļֵ
Щ˼ʧ˿ɲϧϧǳϧ
³ҪЩȽ˼
Ҫ٣ڵһλġ
³ҪǿУʿ뽫
ҪûǵʳҪũֵء
ҪգҪйԱ
Ҫһͷ죬˶һ򿴣˴
³ֻôˣֻܰذѰոϵǸȥĵطȥҪĹ
ҪˣõϵʵСҪʫ飬Ҫ˵ֻҪʶ֣һ߼˼άͶˡ
ԿɵĶˣֻǴѡٺϸĹأʣµģȥдԵĹֵҲУҲԣ֯ɴȵȡ
Ҫ̸ʵ¡
ôֳǵľֻܰ䲼гˡֹˡ˸Ŵڶˡ
ٰ켸һڴǰС˵
棬ʲô
˵ڵѧΡͳƶһ࣬ûϸ֡
ͱȿ˭ܳɹֳǵ˿Աȡȡ˳ɻʣͯʡ˿ͳʱ֪˵ˣ̫˼ˣû˻
ˣֳǵ˿ְҵֲˡ
ЩôУԴôпյ֮󣬾ò̫Сˡ
ֳǸĻĵص
ͱһȿ˭ֳܼǿʼ޹ٵʮҪ·ʮųɷ󣬶Ҫʱͨһʮ·ʱҪеʮоĸ£ÿÿ뾻ˮǶ٣ļǶ١֮ٱʲôҪ˵
Ц֪ڹⲸʲô˿ͳʱΪʲôˡ
ԭûֽ뵽һС
˼ã
ֳǱн֡
һΪӷӿǾۼڳſڸΪûסֻΪ
һΪſĸʾһԱÿ춼ôɤŰѸʾϵݺһ飬˶֪˴˼⡣
ֳжˡŮˡһֵ˵֪
⣬ѣ¿
˽¶ÿжٺӳк٣Ů٣
滹أÿж˳ף˼꣬Ů˼ꡭ
лСȥʱ͡˶Ů˶󣿡ֵⶼʲôʲôô֪
Աһ૵ⲻǱ𣿡ʾߵǸʾƣȫһ֣ȻȫǱ


300 ʵ֮
һƵܻؼ, űߵСͯûˣ﷭, ͷһ磬ôң
СͯһˮѾſڰ㿪ˣﺰ, Ҳҿ, ĵ˳ȥܵµĽǰС壬, , ˡ
ԼѮֵĹܼ, Ҳ뿪ҺˣûиĸĹ, ÿ춼ԾԼ£û£ʮ˳ԺҪ˹ܣӼǮ˵ֺһӵģҲʲôӡҾһּҵĳ֡˵ǳǷּҵˣּƶֻʹӶѡ
ˣһǼ첻Էˮ̾˿, ҲȥȰֵĸĸȰҲȥ£װˮЩűߣʲôʱ˶жԾˡ
һ㣬ʳа㲻
ѾΪεͻˡ
սֵγȤζԣȻû״ʲôǡʡǰÿ˶ܿ
ֳжˣŮˣˣٺӣÿ˳ףٸӵȥ
ͨյϷ棬ʿȴƺ⣬¶Ϊ⿪Խ
ƺ洦ɼСӽһߣһָһˣһŮˣһӣһˡ
454647һСͯҡͷԣǣһֵܵСͯϵŮˣžͺͿˣ㡭ղźˡ߻ˣ磬ô죿
˵ǾͲҪˡ
ܷܵҲǵÿһˣһô죿
һߣһСͯ·һڳеŮˣɴñӣͣСͯ˰Σǰʣ㣬ʮ𣿡
ŮЦˣɴСͯ㿴Ҷͣ
Сͯߵһʮ
һߵĲʿҲۡ
ΪʮͯӣʮϾͳˣ趨һߵҾΪͯӣʮΪ˲źʡ
Ҿôǵʮϵ˴Ѿ죬ӳŮӻ죬ʮµȴδ졣һ˵ʮꡭȷʵЩˣеĻûıأôˣҾӦԼǷеΪޡ
ǶˡһָǿǸǷ򣬿ͣ
·һĽǷ򹪱ɹɫ罹ǣݵ߹ǶܿϸʯĶһǰߣ𣬺¡
ܱöʯĶӦ׳ꡣһ˵
ǿǶͣ
Ƿͷմҳͷһ٣ƣݣ뻨ס
ǿֻҪʮˡһ˵ôҲʮ
ˡ˻Ƶ˾ٴ⣡ʮΪߣòǣЩաʳ㣬ÿһڣȻǺڽϼʮϵĽǷʮԺĽǷѾ꣬ǵ½ҪɸĹ޶ٻʮѾңοʮꣿʮꣿţ˻ʮһٵҲ١Ϊ׼ǲ۸Щ𣿡
ָ߼
⣡
ʼʵʿ˵˵ǴҲˣ
ȻˡɽʿѧֳǺڴ˶Ѿʮˣʮ˥³λĴŸߵڴ
ɣǷܼĿȵ˵
ֺĴʱǰҹǰϱͺˮץŸɱ겻ֳҹ䣬ͱĴ淭ˡ
ֺӰĶܿѼ˸ˡ
·ŵƹֱŶԣæǰµôģҺ˸ˣȥţ
˿ڿˮǽź㣡ĻȥһѾһɰˡ
ҹģࡢⶼˮ졣һʮȥһӣ˽ȥַһѴлž㡣
ȳţǸȥˡ˵
ֳһʢһ룬ʱѾһӺɰȫˣ棬ס˵ЪЪٳԡ
ĵͷȲ˵壬Ǽҵ˶һɵȥɡ
ʲôȥʡ
˵Ҳ֪⼸е˵ж٣һҡ
ʣǲǴ⣿ˣ
ҡͷ۾ڷ⣬Ҵû⣡
ҹ̥
磬ǿ죬ʱ֮ܿ츸ĸǾͷȤΪ˻ķʫһ˼С
ܸĸι̣ܽҲû취ֻȥ
ȵʮʱ򣬼пʼ׼ףʱеìҲԽԽӲԸӸĸİţȥ׷ѣͬ˽ύֻԸԼС
ǸĸһˣǰСӣȳף޶Ӧþͻᶮˡ
뵱İûйϵرڰϱָɵ֮ոǼβˣмǳŶҶԱ˵Լֳϣ¸һԺյϳϹϵ
ΪĻ£ǳ㣬ȴҲ꣬Ե֮ĵġ𲽵İѼвҵƵĳȥӪȻЩҲ֧ŵס
һвҵҪ˿ܣ˾ͱҪֻųԶţһȥꡣ
ӵ˵Ǹ£ҲûƴǣΪȥܲҵҲǸгΣΪβȥ
ֲȥȻϲȴϲ˱򽻵Ըȥ˾ǷǮ֪ԼȥˣΪᷳ˼еĲҵԲȥڼ˵Բֻ֮ĸ֪ӱˡΪãһֻԼ̫˽ˡ
ǣĸͽ͵ˡǮƺһЩҵڡ£ҲٹܣҲٵҵšͬš
ȴˮ
ֻһֳڵ˿ȴֹǡָԼ壬ǡָһãȻĴ̧ۣĽҲ֪ò÷£ùӡ۵
忴۴ֿۣ֣ܰɣȵỹʹŮɣ
Цأ
ȻЩҲֳ˵ˣ
岻ЦΪʲô˾ٺ⣿
֪϶кġ˵У˶û֣Ҫʵһһ
Դ˵ѳе˸Цˡ
⣬ֻܴó
վǰʹ￪ʼɡ
𣿡ʣⲻƭ𣿡˵ֻҪѡֳмҾ۾ӵءվ۾ӵء۾ӵء˾۾ӵأЩ۾ӵѡмͿˡ
ҡͷҪĲ˵ѡĽֵٵĽֵԼеȵĽֵֵۺϣͿԵóһĴ𰸡
ͬʱҲӳ䣬ԴҶѵ֪жˡŮˡС𣿡ôܲ⡣
ˣһؾˡ˵ߵ˻ԽԽֵܱ࣬ǰ档
ӣ֪ڽ˶˼⣬ɵó̾һ˼Ƭ̣˵ׯ
ȻԶʤֺαӣ
͹һϣķϣҪ̫ǺС


301 ＾
쵽ˡ
Ǻ, ÿϿʱҪһô, ܹⲻȥ׼˺ܶˮȣһʹˮϧǾܾ
ˮģ˾ͲˣưϵձǹƵġ
Ⲳ˼˵ϰڹ﷽, ̫ۡ, ǲڴǰʧǡҡҡͷҪ˵ǽ˵, , ֵ
Ⲿ͸ˡ߳һȺȿ޲־, ڴһչʶ
´ֻǸ֪ͯ
߹ݼ˿, æʾˣǹ򣡡
ĿԶ
ʱǴӵгǽȥ
ݼ̸ǳԣȤת仰, ǽһβף֪´μʲôʱˡ
ݼͷҶˣ硣
ڼһβףΪ̫ˡҪѧϰҲϲˣһѮ֮ڣҲֻʱ䡣Щ֮͡
Ⲹ¶˾ġ
صңʣׯտɿˣ
ҡͷ
ׯԷѾֹ򲢲Լһ֮ġ޹أֺαذñʾĻõģ
Ľÿʱôġ
ҪùⲺô
ڹȥ֪֮ˡׯԷǲ˵˭óĬⲿ顣
ׯһͬϽȥɡ磬˵Ⲵ̨ˣ֪һ۾·ڳȴоõſиСͯڿš
һǸСͯˣ֪Ⲿͻ֪ڼ֡
뿴ⲵܶûģͲ˵ıӦô֪ģ
Сͯûã˹ⲵĽŲŲȻأȴ·ʲôʱ򶼲żҲź¡
ׯԷȴͨͨ
ûȰȥ
ϵ˺ܶ࣬˷ĦࡣׯԷػ˼䣬ָС
ȴȥ·߲еˡ
Ȼȫʿӡ
ҽϵҲ̫ˣֳǵʿӶܵˡҪôȺӣҪôĿ󵨵ĶŽϵŮŮ٣ָָ㣬лдʡʱʱ˶Ŵˣ
ˣҸղĶˣ
˿޾ЦׯԷϡĿڸղţһܹȥʿ䣬ʧǵģֱһмŵʿӲͬЦ
˴ҡ𣿡
޴޲ɼһĿ⣡ƾӦǻۣ߽ݾĶ
֣֣ߵǽݾ𣿹
ʵ˷˼
ׯԷ⣬ΪЩ˳ЦһˣΧȴΪأ
ֳʿӶǴ˵صҲ̫ˣ
ׯҪᡣⲼѾ¶ɫžͰ쵽˳ſڣɽ˺иӳӿ
ѾֳǴȥģĳе˵ҲսһʱԽãԽԶԽ
ֳ뷮֮ĽգҶҪһתע
ǼʾǰԱлСͯ˸ʾϵݣǣǰ˵ԸֻҪһЩꡣ
ⲸǮСͯ뱳ΧӿһûǮˣСͯ˼ռˣŹܵԶϧ˸СͯûĵЩҪһۣİĿı˳˼ϢҡҶѾ⣬˵Ѿ˰ǣԸֻ֮Ҫһ˸ʣ°ǵС
ˣŮˣׯԷ꣬÷˶ϷϷŪĳ𣿡
죬˽͵ͷαظŽеأԴȥɡ
̾ǷЦׯӦѾģ
ׯԷƿˡ
Ҳˡ
ׯ˫ӳʮҵҵи˭˽Ϫİ˭һֱԽĲɻʲôϲһСһŪǣ
찡䲻Сҵͷϣ
ųָ̆ķԱ߼ʿӵĲǶׯԷŭĿӣׯԷҪǸͣһ˾ԽڶʩһȻʣ̣ղСָ˭Īָ
ׯԷŭһкβɣ
ʿüΪΣ
ׯԷһëСѵһ˵ãţôһڵСȥʲôܣʲô죿Ǹ㣬˼͵£ֻỨǮ֣ѵ
ʿ˶Χ׷׳Ц
ͣ˺Ϳ
ףΪԽ̵ȴ޹ûΪʲôֻͣͼԼʹ죬ʵʲôûУ
ǣְ׳Լʮ극ܶģ
ֵഺ껪ŮҽЩǳôֵ˿³һ֮кβɣ
ǹӲׯԷˣȻǻҪȥ
ׯԷҲòᣬصң˷ʱ
ơơ
ɶ񡭡ɶ񡭡
ԱׯԷĻ֪һҩЧˡ
֮죬һֱȰׯԷ֪ίˣҲû취£ģֻǰǮֲʲôǰǮˣϪͽͭأ֪ͭж٣ѵܶˣҪҪֲҵǮ԰ɣ
ôֱס߲ǵҪׯԷʵʹ͹£ʲô壬ˣǲȥֵġǣ֪ĲԣҲԣ̰ɣ̰ɡ
ׯԷ㱾̣ڱ˼֮ûеõοϣһ̰ɡĽҲ̲ˡ
ըˡ
Ⲹǣ˵Ҫȥϲصˣ·״˼ǲ£ӺĴ̽ׯԷ
Ⲻְҵµ԰ׯԷͳǣͳȥʮ͸ǻȥǰҪʮͭ𣿻ȥɳϽԺҪû£С³Цġ
Ц
⼸ֻǸЦ
һжû䡣֪ںǻҪǮϪӻǻͭ
ֻдĿ
ʮʮ
Ͳ֪˴͹ĿܰȻ
һƵĴֵ˳
ⲿׯԷĳɳ۶ȥ֪ʱϷóɹ˼֡һͷϵ˷𹥻ҪôҰģҪôλߵ޴
ϣʹׯԷĿб㹻
ķԸׯҵ˵ǶĶׯԷĶӣ취ǵͭ󡣡
ٸһ죬һ֮


302 
ׯԷϻ˫ӳǵ;пֳܶܶǸȥ
е˵Ͳ, е˵һûܴ⣬˵ͼ췴, Юֳַǡ
Щ˵ʲôǲԼͬĳֳǱȥ
ׯԷȥԽԽ
뿪ֳʱһ飬ﲻνءȴ, , һ֮ѣͬۡΪ᲻ͬû뵽ֻūϣ
֪Ǵ, ֻѡˡЩֳǵҶҪ˳Ӵ, ĳп϶ᶼĸԸӴȥ˰󣬽˰ֶˡû˲
ܶϼ̫, һ޷Ӷˡ
ׯԷڳкڲѡôˡȥֳʲôãдأ
²˳١ׯԷڳдţдͽŴױųˡ
·, ȥݼ̫أֵȥ󣬲ʱȴֱ˻Ǹϵ˲˼˵ˣ˼Ҽ̫йպԵǸԭ¡
˵, ̨ףѴŹˡ
⡭⡭
ׯԷô£
ѵ˫ӳǷʣ
˲ͣҴ˳Щͼظϡһ·ߣȥǳذݷãҲ̽һǵ̬ȣڶ˲ˡ
ׯԷߺ󣬽̫أüʣˣûٶ
˵ȷʵˣǵ˿ĳĳǣûת
ʶࡣͷĶ㲻˵ׯǵǳôͰ˸ˣ˰˵Ҫӡ
ȻܺôǮҲȷʵǺΪѡ
㲻ҪС
ȻС˵ûʲôĵط
ӣĵܵܣʮ꣬Ҳ֮Ӵ֮ȥֳǺ󣬻ͶԸֳ˵޳֮Ȼͻݼˡ
ǵɢĶ/ܵܣûʲô취ֻȥ
۹⻹Ǻ׼ġ
߱иˡǴǹֻǰƣǾûʲôõǵġµľǲǰǮȱǮҪǮҪܶܶǮԲŻƴ˰̾ǾͲŷԣֻܰȻ˭Խߣ˭ͷ͵Խ졣
ԣǲܸׯԷκιϵҲ֧ׯԷ˫ӳǣýϪӵԼҵĶˡΪ׿۲Ÿôţ̰ԸòЦˡĴԭˣΪ˰¡һ̫ءǴǾ͸áݡˡ
ˣ˵ǲ֧᲻ᡭ
Ҫ׹ˣͿأǲͷġ
ңǵ̫شŸһ⣬ȴһׯԷùģһȥĶ
ֺαزأ
ׯԷڽܴ죬ܿ·˵Ҫڴ˵Ⱥơ
ҳޣǳĽǺܶҵϱͣеʲô£˶ϲ˵ϣ㣬ҲԸֱ档
ԿڵԣׯԷͶˡ
ƱضϢģ
ʱڵĿׯԷԶȥԴ˵ׯϺͿˡֻһȥټˡ
̽һֳ̽ǵʵȻƵƵƺ⣬ȴԲȥֳǵʱһֱֳǣ֮䣬ЩȻôɷϵǣǵһһⱻֳǣϵ
ֻһֳ֪дܣ³Ϊڲ岼֡
ϲˣȴҲˡ
õ˫ӳǵϢ˴ȻׯԷһǰȥֳǣڶûϢֲ˫ӳǱׯԷĶׯгͷϸΪׯԷҪЩһŷׯԷӶҪһµͷ
Ѿûˡ
Ϊ˿ССƶһѣ˳ׯԷĻȥ޳ٰ̫֮ͨء̫صĻٵĸ˵һ˵ͰׯԷҰĸøˡ
ܺܿܿˣܺõϳȥһȦ׼ؽޣ·ǣպȥһҲǸϺꡣ
ͣˣЦųסƣӿ
Щ˼İ֣ҪǸţ
ƻǸСͯʱѧڸǸʿܰݵ£ɼϻۡҲʮְϷռ·ƣΪӡ
ʵǸ˵ģǸŮ˵ġͳɸ˵ˡòԼŲ̊˵ԼŮƲôֻԼűˡ
֪ʵ飬θ֮Ůʮֻ꣬ܰ㿴û취Ů֮飬ѧʹҴҸˡ֮Ǵȥˡ
Ҫ֮ŮԼҲˣҲǿǿ˷ţʱʢô˺дʫ裬һʱҲѲˡ
һ˵ֳǵĴ
ƺ棬Ȼûʲô֮𣿡
ƽƽΪҲûʲôӣҲеӡˡֳʱֻҪлȥ˾һԲ˵ֻǹ۲죬ȥֻźĳϴֻǸͨˣͨƽʱȥһۡ
Աǿˡٴο϶
ֻǲ֪ǺˣΪʲôһֱ
ֻҪǴԼôܸɾͺð죡˭֮Ƕ֢ҩڴ뷽跨ôģΪ־ҪǾ͸úֻҪǿԵЩôתִ֧Ҳѡ
Ǵôôϻۡ
ǾҪ취ˡ
˵ҪʲôĴִ
һ
ȥһҵĴǵҼûʲô³ǻᱻƵòò˳ӴԼҵһУҰ
Ǹϲûʲô־ֻԺֵĴõġ
ƴӸղžһֱڳĬ
Ƶ;Ц֪һֱûֳǣһΪ֡
һ㶣Ц
ϯ˶Цȴ֪ԼЦʲô
ׯԷϻ˫ӳǣ𾪵ķ˫ӳ⾹Ȼ뱤һг±
һն
ߵ뱤ͻȻðһ
ȡһͿ̡
Щ뱤ʲôʱģҶڣׯԷ˼⣬ʱн
ǽ˵ׯԷڴ˲ŸϹԭ˫ӳǵһؽׯһֱö֪֮ԼǴĽׯҵĽˡ
Զֳǣ֪ǲǵءȵׯȣ
æ̫ؾòнүľ֧ڼҲǼѵúܡǰϪӵ˵󽫾ȥӹͭˣүһ֮¾ֳš
Ҳ֪ׯԷ𾪵
ΪҲ̫أү޿κ֮£ֻôȥ󽫾ˡ
ׯԷȻ׹æʣ˶ȥ
ֻǧˣ඼ȥˡǽˣ˵ѿɽΧˡ
ԲŽ뱤˫ӳǣ³п˶ϳ
ׯԷŵⲻȥ󽫾ȥƴȫˣѵƴ
Ϫм䣬ϱӪ
´ǧ໤ƵׯҾӪӪ
Щʣǵ˱Ƕ࡭ô򣿡
˵⡣
Ӹѧġ
ҹϮӪΪϡ
Ӫ


303 
ֳ뷮֮迨֮ǰ, Ѿ˽Ϫء
뽪ԼȣǴ, ҲҴ򣬼޴ݣû֮䣬ֳǱƵԽԽ
һأʱʡ
ġƶ˵Ļɢ, ҸΪ, ˭˭һȺˣǰи˴ˣ
᲻еĺô, ֳ˵Ҫ췴, ڹһۣԼժġ˵, Ψһĳ·ǹƳһĳ˻ĳһ̸ֳ
˵Ҫ췴˵, Ȳ迨·׼ս
ԩû취ֻڹ
ڵ֪ǲرȻȻͻΪͼı죬Ϊϵ, ġգ
ֳǣҪôأҪҪ𣿲Ȼʲô
ǲᷴҲǷʱ˵ڽ迨ֻҪһֻҪŷԼڲ˺ˣƸͿԸ̸ˡ
ȣҪ̫عȥΣΪˡͷǵĲѱҪ˰ɷڲļҽö࣬ļҽ١
ҪҡҲǽ£Լĵڶң֣ϸɵˣŵµĻ֣ҵС塣
Խ࣬ζŰְŵԽࡣֳ֮£̫ˡôĵطһշպЩ鷳ҡ
Ҳ¹ڵط
䲻ʲôһмƻġ
ڣֻģ˵ȥ
űˡ
УһֱģǴӷҪġ
ııϲ˺Щ˽йӱү
˯ȻҪֲǶ죡
߾ȻС̺㿴ûЩСϴšϴ·أ
쿪Сûʱ顢壿
ǱҲǿߵġ֪һ㣬ΪհЩ̾ʮ
ȫǷǱСϴζӹεøɸɾ·Ҳࡣ
ݼġˣҪ顣
óʿдóڰһǡ
վڰЩվڰǰǣ뿴û˸ǰⰸö
˭֣˭ǽѡ
Щ˻ûôɵȻûһ˸ֵġһģ࿴˿־ͳȥˡ
ڶգʽҪȥ
˵˻ܡ
ǾͲˡ
գݷˡ
Լġ
Լ˽٣ΪûϹүүʱԲ˳û̵ĵҲǿ޴ʩչ
ֵ٣һӱ飬ڼһٳ֪ǽһǺĹ˼ңĿֻΪһֶΣʽʵ塣
ҺٶҰĵģǶͨһ죡
ڼپãĻˣ
Գ¼ţ˵Լ־Ȼ͸飬ǴĽ顣ڽһƫıߣ̡Ȼʤˣҫ齪䣬ˣԸܷ
齪ϵ㽫˵ǰߵıǸһȭһŴģʶ졣ڲ򷮳ǱЩ˲ʶ䰡ֻʶԼͷĽ٣ԽǺܲģ
ԽӦÿϣŷȻ㽫ѷǱССͷһԽ䵥ϥأݼ󽫾
ĺôʱķǱʶ䣬ǻǵã󽫾ǵͷͳͳ£󽫾ͷ
ӡԽҪ
ǵýڻֳǰͽʼѰԼ֡
ܶˣܶ໰ǴĻǶԵġ˶˵ĻеĶÿŵҲи˵ֻһǱ㣬ΣΪѹΪԵ˲ֹǡ
ԣٻڡ
뵽;Щ˾ԲˣҲûʲôýġ
ٵ飬Ҳˡ
ٺܾϲžͷֽ䲻֪ǲûչıʿʦ˵Ļ伸ƴӣ
ҰĲ͡
䷢ȻٵĽ飬˵ıøࡣٷǱı֮ķһֱûߵڻμ
ҲôںֻҪսɱ˾УƷǽ˵ġ
սϲɱңɱ㣬ǵıȥɱˣȻҲᱻɱ
Щٲѱܻأ
ֳֻӣǧȥϪԼһ˽ӡ
ȻѽϪҲеİѺ˾ӪҪӹɽ
ϪӵȻϡ
һ˵ҪԸһȥֳǼһȥ˫ׯš
˳ȥֻׯˡ
ʾ˵ׯвãׯҲ˫ӣξֻ˽Ϫӣׯֻ´ʰ
͵ׯһڽϪشӽӡ
Ȼ˷ǱĲǿߵ˵ǱǷˡӹͭǿʦֳǴ󽫾ԼıȴԲ˳£ɴɸԱһϪӵٰѿɽƽˡ
趯ñ
һˡ
οֳܷǴ󽫾Ǹʲôģǹ֮سȴأײܶģǹҵΣ֮ʣֳ֣Ǵ󽫾֮ء
տɽ治ΪԼ
ţٳüˣȰȴؽ䲻ˡеڲڷǱм䴫ĻŷǱ䣬ͿԼ潪ܷǱһС˭С
˽ȴ÷Ǳ뽪ıƺҪˡ
ھоǺ£
ֻѡҪôȥҪôͰѷǱ
ٷֽѡ˵ڶǽ䣬ҲȱԼ˵ġ
ڽϪӵİնѽϵʮ˴֮ׯң֧֮ʦˡ
ٴӦս
ٲսǱûоսսƾлǲһϣⶼ˵
뽪⣬Ͻ˵סׯңߡ
ٻȻ򣬡мƣ
ͷϸ飬Ҳֻա
ׯԷ֪º󣬷һ·Դˡ
ûĸıֻǴӴϱȴŴòЭò˲
ѾѣǶСǣҲΪļ˰աǶԼ͵٣͵ö࣬ȻۡǶӦׯԷֻҪϵһվǶԸ⸽ӣһ
ҴһصУ˵Ժ󣬶ŭҪ͸ûģôöӴȥ󽫾ùԼıʲô㻹֪𣿡
˲˾˾׼ȥֹ¡˶ѹȫϣ򽪴󽫾ѶӾȻ˵
ڽϪӣս󽫾õδػУ
úܺãɸϵ·ͿׯӪĵط죬״Զɢһأϡɼʬ׺Եԡ
ô£
ôʹˣ
֪ҶӮ
ׯԷѣӿٶȣϹȥ
˻ƺҲܸоǰΣա
һ߸ϳһ߲һֻʮˣֻ»˼ġ
ԽǰԽ·ϵʬҲˣܿʧȥ˵ԵõĳԲݣΪѱ˵ģǿׯԷ῿
ǰԶһӱǣɿܹ
æׯԷ̫أˣ
ׯԷæ⿴ׯ֮ˣ
ɵýˣ߲ܿ˫ر
һҲ֣һ˽нԻűūжʮˣݹŹ֣еıҲǸʽенìиǴ붼ûֻ˫űܣȻҲܲ·磬ʣµģ¿ģӵģʲôĶС
ׯԷʵǿˡ
˵˳ǰĺϵ˶
ׯԷû³ţׯ̫˫̫ءڴ˴СУ
һׯԷˣ˶˵ܿ
ԭׯ̫أ
ׯԷҪֻЩֱֺǰҪ
̹סݵ񣡡
ϻʲôȥ
񲻿ɷϣҪȥҲҪһ˳УׯԷȻͿİѳҲȥׯԷܳ
ׯԷͷЩֺóû취ׯҴĲˣǵǲУЩֺǶ
ׯԷϳ˵ۣ
ƺ⽪ҲǶġ


304 ķ
ׯԷ͵˾ӪӪ, Ĵɼ¶Ĵžƺɣҡ
ĴɢһЩɶѵı, ʲôУսƷһЩǣšţһһ
Ӯˡʤˣ˶, , ԲôսƷ
ׯԷϲЩͱǲ˫ӳؾģҷ²ȴĴûѵûץ²𣿶ɱˣĶأ
ˣҪҪ󽫾
˰
ȦǱߴ, ˭ں
˵ղ˵, ڻ·ׯͰ˸Ѻˡ
ˣʡ
˵ûСѺзǵ, ˵ʲôʲôûﲻܹأˣ˿ء
ŶûϣЩϸ֦ĩڵĶҪ
Ҫʤ, Ҫôͻʤ
ӪڵķԽԽˡ
ɨսĸСԴԴϵļսƷмֵͱڱûطţֻѷӪСȦˣòȽٸʿӸµȦ
֮⣬Щߵʿ˵˫ӳǣҪҪʤ׷
ô˵İɣ
áҡͷ, ֻҪׯҾˡ
һҰضĳǳأлҲкôֳǳضѾ˱գôֻҪͷģǾͻǴС
ԴһʼǵĿׯһҡ
ׯɱȻ˫ӣٳû
ׯҴһܷŹȫҪɱ
һ˫ӳǾͲΪˡ
ʲô˫̫أ˫Ӷҷ
ׯǻ÷ǳ˳ӡ
ʱٴеķǱӭУ˳˫ӳؾĺ·ȥˡ
Ϊ˫ӳرУֻһ˹ʣһ뻹·ϡֱ
˫ӳرӪȴһ˹˵ϣ֪˫ӳǲ
ȴǷǴ򲻿ɵġ
ܷŹ˫ӳǣŹһΣ»ջ˫ӾͲ֪ʲôʱˡ
ȻΪʲôҪ˫ӡ
ֻ֪¡
˫Ǳ˹£ȻٴŷǱ׼Ҫ˫Ӵ򡣶ǱҪӭС
ٺܷԣ֪ĻЩǱֻ¾Ǿһˣʤ̫͡
ɽʱƴӣϳϵİҲģֱȥ
Ͳ·Щһ֮ȫ
Ľ٣ȴ벻취
ԼڷǱеġûڽǰôá
ǱǸһˣֲʶ׺ƭҶһڷǴ꣬˵䲻ģҹ˯򲻴Լδ֪ЩǱв֪򲻴첻ˡ
ƭΣתŷǱٻͷֱڽȥˣҲûɿĹְΡ
ϣͷټǵԼѷʮ˽й˵󽫾Ҫס˫ӳؾʱʮǰ첻Ȼ࿴˼ۣʶ꣬ղſԷʲôǻ๰֣ݱȻͳȥжˡ
֪Ǹȴûһѡ
ٻЩ⣬һ˵⼸¶û֪ڴʲô
˵ʲôˣٺʡûע⾭ôǳأǶЩʲô
˵۸ˡǵ˶зģƷЦһս̾ϢڣҪǸҴ˴ˣ綼زȥˡ
ߺٲŻȻ
ԭѾƣ˶֪ǵͼı졣Щ˱ǷǳģһʤˣȻϴȥϷǵı־ˣ󽫾ԣǲ˵ųҲˡԺôؼ磿кĿף
ٳĬΣҡͷ̾Ҳȥˡ
ڶգǾɳ˳̽ȥ̽һ̽˫ӳؾʵ
֪Щؾֻǳ±жӽӪӪȴûвҪûݹ
˫ӳǾǳʱݲ࣬ӪҲҪģܵȵʳȥ˫ӳǰɣ
ٿǣǰߣ˽ţһ·ʳͣı
ҲǸҴԭ򡣽󽫾ܶǹ۸Σǲȥģװӵġ
һ֮£ȶׯҸ֪ȥˡ
һ󣬶˫ӳǵķӦԡӾ˼˫ӸС˵˫ӸķԵģ취굽ľӪȥ̽Ϣ
պ⼸ӻ˵˫ؾûݲ⣬˫ؾķӦһ£ΪֻתһȦŻһ¶ˡ
ǱǶˡ
ȥ߽󽫾졣Ȼ˫Ӳ򣬿϶ȸ󽫾ϵʹ߻ͼ
û˵ʹӪ
󽫾ǵ֮
һҹǾͱ󽫾ͻȻǰ˫ӳӪظɱұ
ǲԣҴҵӪ
ȿϵ˫ӳӪʱͿȼĳ
Ѻҹһء
ԭ󽫾ҹϷڷʮѻ＾ɣֹδ磬˳һ߰ɵĻǽֱ˵Ӫر
ҹģӪ˶ˣҲϲȻֻӳӪ˵
˫ؽЩ죬Ҵ֮Ҳܼһ˰ѴӪˣɢȥʵʮ֮һ
űӳ˰ΧķǱ
˫ؽһ˼֪ô£ŭͷҲˣγһǣȡЩӵĹͷ
Ӧ
˫սһƴһһΪ࣬Ҳܷɣߴø⼤ҡ
˫ӳǵıϾոϮӪҹ֮У巽򣬱治ںηδǰδǺû׷
ǣǵĴûþͷ˫ӳǵıĲȣԶ
ׯ棡
ҵȷׯΪҵȣ
ׯͼı죡ȲҪ󣡡
֮˫ӳߵ˸ûд˼ˣҹڣܶ˶ˡȻӱץׯҵ췴ǿɲһ塣
ܵԽԽࡣ
ץסᣬ˫ؾӳһ˸ɢȻֱ׷ơ
̾ôӮˡ
֣ǱţǾȻӮˣ
һ·׷ջٵ˫ӴӪܵһʣӪԭأݡҲûдߡ
ҹˣӪֻһ룬Զ̡
Ӯ
ɵ𽪴󽫾
Сˡ
ԹҰ֮ܡ˭˵ǻʶ飬Ž󽫾أ
ǱУһԱ죬˵ȻֲЩʧΪһԱͽ
֮šԬϲҲ̾Ϣ𣿡졣
컺ͷأ
ԬϲЦֵʲôʱֿҾͷ


305 Ի
, һЩӪʱû취õˡ
ݲֻô졣
ֻϧ, Ҳ֪ס
ʣµıǺöûʱ䣬˰ѱװߣպʿǡ
֮»ܶࡣ
ص, ˰ӪеĽй, ǱһԼڶе¼֣պñɥû, Ҳ
Ԭϲʣʽ, Ϊݵ£
ˣҪĵҲż١Ϊ
ܲΪ˸ɣ⻹ûлֳ, ͸ĵ
ȻҪȥռʬסҲڵҹܶˣûһҲҪȥҡǻҪһѲ, ϲƵذյұҪǱӪˣݣǱӪˣȹպôۡʬҲһǲǵ, Ҳðɥ¡
Ԭϲˡ
ֹʣ·˶ˡ
ɨս£û뵽һҰĽȻ뵽
ٿŽ˵ǶƽһͲǵһ ôɡ
ԬϲǴһѲߣһѲѲ˫ӳǸȥץ˲ӻ˫ӵʿ
ЩսܵʿûоӪݣΪˡ
ֵ˫ӳǸûд󿪳ӭЩʿȥճţЩεİܱǡ
ҲȫԬϲɵܣ˫ӸҪðʮǿ⸽İպŶҪĵˡ
Ҳ֣˫ӳׯҾûһܳˣϵСĶǹӪˣׯᴭأׯأ˫ӳоû˼ˣ
˫ӳＸҼҶǽţгϿһˣû̿¡һ˶ûУ²ѳˣҲŲӵͷɫҴҸϣڽ϶
ׯҲһƬƲ
ôأ˰ôһӶûˣ
ӻ˵׷ֳǴ󽫾似
ϣ콵𡣲֪ӪˣĹӪؾһƬ𺣣
ܳе˶ûͷӬƵײĴ
˻ׯӳģ;ʧɢˡӳͷ˷ǽķһͰǸΧˡ
֮£ǾͲ֪ˡǶɱ˰ɡ
ӻ˵òϸƴ˴յҲܿߡǽ治⣬ȷŻӪ˫ؾʱײ׼õİΧȦű˸һˡ
ׯȻ⽪󽫾ȻҰģôԹг̣֮ҲҪȾ
οΧ˽Ϫӣ˫ӳԹžصΣׯɱȥҲӦõģǴҲׯ鿴󣬽󽫾ʽĽӹܽϪӡ
ܰҹͻϮӪأϿ⽪󽫾Ǹûģ˵֣˭֪ûУ
ֳǸ״ȥ
˵ֻׯһ٣ׯݳһѹˣ˵ҪȷһׯԷӵİΣ
һ˶ˡ

⽪󽫾Ǹġ㶯ӡ
ׯҲ¶ӣˡǲŻȥ󽫾
󽫾˸ɵǵˡ
ׯҷֽ󽫾ǸģôȥȻҪұĽˣ϶ô
ׯݵ˼ǣǼȥҽ󽫾
˭ȥ
˭ȥ˭ɵ
˶ûڽ󽫾ǰռϷ磬˭ȥ
ֻׯվˣؿɲٲҴˡׯҷ˸׳죬Ϊ֪󽫾ϲʲôֻðѾõϵĶϡ
ݣҪ
Ҫ
Ҫ
Ҫ
ŮͯҪ
ΪҪׯԷӣׯԷҲ֧ׯݡׯϴһջ㣬ų˼Ҹׯҵʶ࣬ԼˡׯгģׯҲֱӴ
ճһٶ೵ǧʯݺھݺӦׯԷӵˣ֣µĳӪ
Ҳֵúܡ
ϪӵѾ롱ˡµԬϲȥɵġ
ȻҲֹλֶЩֱ̫ˣֱֱȥҲûʲôãҲ˵ûôۣ˾Բһ׵ģװ
˳İѽϪӵǵļСص϶һˡ
˵ԬϲòԵĵطìװԼſΧ˸ʵĽЦе˵ǽ󽫾ȥȲ裬ʣĸӹӲĻ˵ȥȣ
ǶȲˡ
ԬϲòЩ˵ӪʱȻȣֽ糣³ʱҲûйϡ
Ԭϲúôʣ˶λϣϺ˲裬ȥ뽪󽫾Ƚǰܣһ󽫾񣬴󽫾˵仰
Ӵ˽ϪӿٹͳϽ
ǽӡؼȥɡ˵
죺
Ԭϲ
롱һڣ
˾͹´󽪴󽫾ˡΪˣԬϲҲֻһͬ
ǾͿ󽫾üһ塣нпࡣʱ俴⽪󽫾ǲġῴϣҲ뵽ֻΣƲŲò¸飬վЩǱȥˡ
ô죿
Ԭϲ˸񣬶Щ޲ߡ
⽪󽫾ɲҪǰ
ǲĻ
Ҫ΢µģ϶ҲδأһǸСأ
ȺȳЩ޸ͣˣҪڽǰ£
Ԭϲ漴ϣɺͳߣ˾ٶ⣡˿޽ʲô
˹ҲѻԲ
˵ȥɫ
ɫûǾˣǾͺǾͺá
˴Ҫ£ֻӪΪ١
½ϪصЩΪˡԥѺǰѹӡˣȻصϸһ͵һпأѽϪظõܷǻؼҡ
ԬϲպþУ·Ը׳ŵٴٴΡԥľȥˡ
˳ⲻҪֹˡ
󽫾˲ɰ̫ˣ㲻ͷԼ򵥻Ǵޡ
ԬϲȻңȻܹΡ
ǳȥͼٴε٣˼棬ЩΡ˵ͬڽ°£ͶЧ͸ΪٵƷԬϲϣٺƬ̺󣬲˵ʹҴϪȥˡ
ټˣвޣҲûа취˭ȥɨսأ
ʱô˵֮ˡһմϾѲˣΪĺܣ
ռ֣Ǳ߾˱ĳˡԬϲ˲֪ʲôʱͳ˽ĸ
֪ʵûʲôŻ֮ԷǱҲûƫ֮ǰһֱô˵ġ
ڡֻ½Ѿˡ
Ѱ
УׯԷһֱҪҪ
ҡͷҵپʬףжǵˣУӵʧж٣Щ˵ģЩǵҹʧģһ˶٣
һĲڴˣȻˡüôһѮࣿ
æΪ֮ǰҵĶҵˣߵԶҲѵһʬ׻ˡ
ԶС˶Զ
ٵԼʮˡ
ǲСһЩ˹ѾܵСȥˣҪȥҲС˾ˣǻ˵ĿԲϡ
ˣׯҵհѼҵ׶ˣҲнˡԼ˻ˣûĲǱʬ׾ǵˡׯҵʱ˺ûжܻ˫ȥ˶ɢ˫Ӹһˣպسɺ󻼡
Ŀǰץһǧʣµ˶Ҫҳ
æӦˡȥ󣬽˺£ʱһӪвٳԼˣ԰첻ãֻԼȥ
Ժ˵͵ͷ˵ȥ
˵ΪǸ򵥵ĻȥͿˣû뵽С¶첻áǰɢ˶ҵӪԼʲôѵģ
С˵Ǹûġ˵ȥׯ
ׯԷ񣬹ĽȥÿصСȥׯԷһҾίׯˡ
޷ׯԷʣпռң
ҡͷæµֻʱ鲻
ׯԷʣæЩʲô
پ˵ȥ˽ϪӵȥҵսɢʿĶ౧Թ
ׯԷ˼
˼գׯݴˡ
˵˺ܶݣ˵
ׯݵǺܿûҪ̷ׯԷӣֻׯԷڽضǰȫģһ㶼żйҲҴţȽºׯԷӾܻؼˡ
ԣܲȼһׯԷأ
ׯȥˡ
ׯݱ쵽ׯԷУٿͿģ㲻ΪѲ˵̱˳ȥ̸ֵ
ׯݲԾ϶ׯԷס˴ˡ
ʣ磬ʲôûУ
ׯԷĵȥȰ˫ӵľٵ
ϳ¼оߵ뼮ᣬ͵ǻ˫ӳؾպ󲻻ƾ˾ٳؾΪȻ٣˭ܱó˵᣿
ׯݴʧɫ
磿ΪҪô
˫ӳûнׯԷ̫ؾǼνһְȻⲢϹءǶôɵģʡһһְҲʡ˴Ȩ䣬߶ˡ
ٵ飬ɱͷĴ̫أûʱҲˣټؾҲˡɾأ
ﲢ
ׯԷЦ£׶δعˡʸ鳦
磡ׯݰ˼⣬ׯԷжޣȻʹ


306 
ׯݾׯԷ, ٴ̼ӦºתͷǮȥׯԷĶ, ׯׯׯԷҪûץƴһ㣬һͷײкׯͱȦסһ, էһ̺ū, û뵽ͷ壬һ˻ׯأ
ٴ·ׯһׯɵݺᡣׯׯҲʹѵ, ؿŸׯݿͷ, סȾͲ֡
Σׯݴ˿̴뵽ܾׯԷİ취
ٴ·ٴ, ԳԸ˫ӳǾ齻ׯԷׯ
ҡͷǲҪׯҴӴ˫ʧٻؼһ
ׯĿɿڴžͻ䣡
ûг, ̴Ӧ
ҹһжʮҴ뿪˫ӳǡҹ·һ̲ͣ
ڳɽ£ǿ·סˣ³̧ϳׯԷׯ
ׯʮûгԺȣֻܻȦ͵, ȹˮ˫Ŀգ̣²ѡ
ׯԷֻǱ˰ס졣ûµģһȵϣӣһŨ裬֮Ϳʼˡ
ץסׯݴҪׯңׯһѻӿ֣ׯԷ˥ȻˣҲȲׯݸҶֵ𺳣ׯԷ𾪵Ŀׯݡ
ׯĿѣѹֻ֪֪һׯҾͻᱻɱüȮˣ
ǲңׯԷ죬ǿЩɫ
ңׯЦڳȫұ˵˾飬ǳׯһСȫˣ˭ׯҺԩǡÿԴ˽ƽңɶֳɵġʱ˶
ׯԷǿ˵ǽֺαطһ·֪ƭ㣡
ԸǸ人ӣв̣һ·ׯĮĿׯԷһۣҲԸģȫȥ
ׯˡ
˫ӳǶʱݡׯҾˣҹϢżСӰ١
ǰׯݻׯҼҲƶ˳ȥˣҲ֪ǲ˵͵ĴӪȥˣǡׯһнѿǣ
˫ӳǼҼһֲ̿˼ȥֻȴׯҰ˫̫صӡõׯԷ鰸Ϸһͨץһ֤ׯӵʱʰøɸɾ
Щһ룬֤
ܿͼׯҵ֤ǱģׯԷдһšдһµĽϡ
ԪڰѽʵʬӭҲǰѳˡ
ûŷϣǰһûмҲ³ᣬԽϵݸᡣڰѳʮһĨȥˡ³ʷϣֻнλȥĴȻǳ
ȻαµҺã³ǳصļ̳лṆ̀Ҳڳ߸ҪѡιԱԴĳ̫ض
Լʾأ
ЩαľׯԷױߵΪһš
֤ԵǺˮƽ
Щ֣µİ֤󽫾ûк⡭
˵Ҳͻȥ
֣ʮǰдʲôã
ҡͷҲ֪ⶼ˵һأ˵õϡ
ǣһսƷͻֳˡ˫ӵ̫ӡϪӵĹӡ
ֳǣѾ쵽ˡ
ɪɪɽϵȴҲ䣬Ծ˳ӿȹʱ˻ࡣ
⣬³κԡ֣˶ˣҪڴǰĿһٳ¾֪
ڶţǵһ⣬Թʽݸġ顱
Ľ󰮡
֪Ǻ׽дòϿڣ׳ӶԳˡ
˵ʱʲôԳƵȲϵģǵ¡
ǵһ˵ֻûݱΪڹͨĹʱһ
ʹԽ٣ͻԽ¡
ʹֵȫλڽˣʹúʹ˺ܶ฽ӵ塣
šֲ˳ЦʶˣֱΣʱһЧ
ĸпΪյ˺ܶࡢܶġ顱ϿȻԼǼˣ޲֣ȫѵһΰж
֪ʶԨģǫǫӷģб׳Ҳʽꡣ
пԼòúãͰ԰Ļ١
Щĵģֱ׷ģ˵ԼҲᣬסôôôܾôܡ
ȻҲСݳ֣ͼϧꡣ
ݣӦоС
Ҳǧ
нҲӵܣԳɽҰԵˣд£ҰԵȤǱ˶
Ѿ̫Ծˡ𽪵ͽ߻ôܻӭҲΪݣ谮԰Ҳñ˾˵Ǻܿݵģʲô˶Ըܡ
ӹһ ʣ󽫾ͻĶҪôã
ñҪáȻһʧﻹϣܹһȡ֮Ľ˵ܴơ
ûʲô
ô伸˫ӡϪΪǰɡغһҲͲȥЩ˾ƾɹأµıȥıɵҪ׵öࡣ
ֳܰҲôһľͺˡϧУҪ˵ǨʲôģֳǷǷ첻ɡ
·û˿ĶһׯߵѾˣΪʲôׯϮ˽󽫾Ķ飬ԼˣɼйûĻΪʲô˵أǶŽ󽫾û취ѵֳܵԴ˫ĽҲ˵û˵󽫾ʲôУ󽫾ֻȥ˽Ϫӣûп˫ӳǡ
һӦöׯԼĹ±˵ġ
ȻׯҺԩׯҾͱˡ
˶Ŵ⣬йȥһԶߵĳǳǲǻأ
Ѿм˴ˡ
һֵܣ䡣
һӵܣ֡ϲ̨еϡ
һǷǹ˼ӵܣ˸
Ҫ˵֮˭ýԾǹ˸ˡ
ΪĴġ
ϲ֣Ž˵һͨ˸ĻԱҲõģ֪ơⲻ˵ûԼĻûγϵͳЩȫֻҪʱգѱܵһѧҳ
ֵܾЩˡֵƣΪעǡ
ݴ𰸶ֵ࣬ƫΪ㷽ͬԭʼҲв죬ӡ֤˵ǵóıǶԵġ
οž֪ʲôˡ


307 
Ҫ, еȴԽԽˡ
Ⲳò򽪼ʾһҪô졣
ЩҪ꣬ҪúðòСⲵ
, ȴΪ˴⣬Ϊһʢ
˵ࡣһԼ顢д£߲Żģдɽľôʲô£ʦӺ֮ģһҲڸ̯, , ˶ģҳһ, ٳһ, Ҵʲôʲôġ
ֳǣ˵³, Ѿмʮûַɿˡ
ʿӣ涷ޡý˵³ֻ
Ҳǰδеĺ˶Ϊ³ľ, 콵΢
ӦǼԵʡէ֮²ѣԲСؽ֮١ϸ˼ȴôʹ˺ܶ˵Ȥһʮʮ١
һ࣬鷳Ͷˡ
Ҳġ
˵ܶĶӵܣĸطȱܼӡǿһȴ, ȸĸȥʳŵɵϡ
֮⣬Щڼǧ裬û˾³Էɵӡ
ԣϵƭӡС͵Ҳˡ
һ䣬ʳõĶ˻ز˼ңڽ϶
Ǽ£αҪ覴أֻҪЩǮƣЩʳҸʱĵطͿˡ
ⶼֳɵġⲿԳŻӭһЩʱɬʿӺͶ˵ģģסġǺ££ǿȥ׬¡
ֳдĲ΢еӵĶ뵽
ЩС»ùҽΪʾķ֮⣬ǾЩëƤСһжжҪĹذ
ʹĹذһ¡
Ȼô˵ֳַŲ£ɡ
ʲô˵棬Ȥ
˰գ૵ĳȥˡ
Եڳڣڳ⡣캮ضЩʳô죿͹ڳһӭʹ壬зᡢʳҽҩͳͳѣ
ҡͷ˶ñռģͳͳҪһ㶼
ʣ˴ӭʹ壬˭סĵطȥ˭ȴ
ǰнҡҡڡ
ЦһЦзӵҲܹȥסɣסڴӭʹôǴأ
ӭʹºܿʹȥˡ
ڸʯͷҪػǰסľͷӣ߲ݷǲҪػģֻҪϹֹܿ졣
ҲֳɵģֳǸĻĴ塣
˿ֳǸĴ壬պЩ䶼
һȺȻôЩҷڻڳǽסأպȱסˡ
Ϊӭʹһ£ҲΪպļƻͽҲڳ⽨й
д̫ӡڣӭʹȻ
Ǵ̳ǵӣҲֳһ¡Ҫֳ֪Դ³߰ɴû˿ȴӵġЩֳͣӿļ壬λð¹Щ˶װ
Ҳô˶ֳǻܼ¡
˿ͳֳ֮Ǹһˡ
ʹδ˳ӿֳǵĻᣬŽ¡ðҲǡô²ֻѡˡ
һֵܣһǽˡ
ڴ󣬲κηӦⲻһգȻ٣ǽˡ
ǲϻش⣬л˵ˣЩ
Ҳ֪ô£˵Ҫ˵ֻǵһ⣬滹أܴⶼ۸ӮŸΣ
ͷҶˣҲἱʴġ
˵Ժŷֵвֹǣһ󺺺͹
ָǣǽʷ
ϽʷĴ׹
뽪󽫾ͬΪӣĳ谮˿ڽ󽫾˵ڽ󽫾湫ȥʱʷ粽
˵Ʒȴã׺ݶ֮ǰ󽫾뿪ֳв˴ڽɢԡѽʷн˹ͲʷȻѽ˵ȫץ̶ʮգʮ̣ʮұѺ͵ɽȥˡ
ⷬ󣬳Ҳû˸˵Ļ򿴲Ĵˡ
˵󽫾ǻȮ⽪ʷһ蹷
ˣν˼Զ
̨ϣ뽪ʶߣ׵һλϡ
뽪ҲࡣΣĩβȴ˽ֱߡ
Ⲽ״һ̡˻ͦôͷıǴԼˣıǴĳӡǰԼ˴Լһˡ
ڵλǹһ׮Ϊѵ£òλҲꡣһ䣬Ȼͽӻˡ
ⲵ뽲
ȣֱֵ˵ǣ
󣬵¾һ
䶼Ը
ǾͿˣȾǴô˵ֳˣ˰ң֣ͬ
˸ȣã
ⲺǺǣҲͷƺá
䵱Ȼֻʣ³޸ķˣã˵ľǺã
ֵڳ⽨һйЩԶĿǽһרʹϢĴ䣬ȫʿӣͬ߾Ƕεȵ⡣
ʿҲ̨ܵйˣʿҲ򵥶ˡ
ãǹռȣ˾ٲպ³ػӭʹ壡
ֻҪѧʶ˶Եӭʹ⻹¶
ҲˣˣǺγϲˣԪҾ㲻̨գպҲ˲ʶˣ
ǰǰ͵󣬽˸ܽ᣺Ȼˣ¾ͶиλˡһҾҲһҾ¾ˡ
˶ߺ󣬽ʽǣôΪʲôǷӣǺܶ෿ӣЦǾͲԼǷӣͻбǸǷˡ
ⲻȥȥ׼Ǯľϡʯͷ׼Ƿӡ
һ߻ǮһֻأǮĲֹһˣ
ȷʵˣҰϢȥȿֺȥӭʹǷˣȲ½ȥǵԭΪΪԼʸסȥ
Ҽҵѧ峵ѵסһסʿӴ
ҵԼҲҪסҲǮѵһǮ᲻
Ƚѽ󣬸Ƿӵ˾͸ˡ
Ȼȥʲôӭʹ壬Ǹй˵סڽϣնȥˡýйڽйԱߣҪš
ҲýסýõźýֻĻסýˣҲôĻ
纣ѵøһ뷨ס̨ǲˣסйϲҲܺ
纣ᣬҺͽԼڽйȦ˿طйһˡ
ҵΪܿ챻˼ҷˣ£ֳǵ嶼׹ˣһѷӿҲΧйΧ˷ӡ
ǰİգǵļҶΧ̨ǵ
Ҳסôպ߳йܵǼȥˮ¥̨ȵ°
ⲾͿӭʹʿӺԼ˶ˣٿй뱧ȵҲˡ
һֳطˣһֳЩɢС塣
̳ǸĶⲻǹʼʩѡ
йһס£ֻҪˣ;ˣģ˾ͻǨˡ
ֻܿھ£գֳǻ˿ڣȴ벻Ҫô˸ʲô
ǻеı


308 
ӭʹ𣿡Ϳǰӵ˳
ǳţˡ˭뵽ʮǰǻĵأ
ԭǸĴ, жʮ˼, Ϊ
Ϊֳǣֳ˰ȡò࣬ҲǴӱĵط, Ƶǰҵ֪ǴӺʱͽˡ˶뿪ȥ, ֻʣˡŮ˺ͺӡ֮뿪֮󣬴ûˡ
лĲݶһ˸ߣڻĲݵû··ͨİ, ֪żȻһתܿǰĴµİƬĶ븱ʯĥһ߽, ɫʰ쵵ҰĴӲݴзɳ
ɵþʫ˴󷢵, дСƷµʿȪӿ
䲢Լ⽨ȫʵϣڴѾ߷ܵıʾҪһ, ûø, ֻǮֹ, Ӧ˵ҪľġʯģԸ
ʷȥйˡ
ζŽʿӴ, ֻʣֵܡ
񼤶ת, 䣺Σ
, ҾʿӴ壬ʿӽǸá
ο뵽, Ҿܷˣ
һȥ򡢽ʷһ˵ǶҪʲô
ϻûʹʿӡ
ҪʿӹģǾҪ
ֳϤʿǣΪӭʹ塣Ϊ˲˿࣬ǲֹˣ˸
־ܾˣ˸Ӧ
ȺȺȻҲз硣ֵܳûţгһʿмͷˡ
˸һ㣬˳ȥѧ֡Сȥˡ
ӭʹ콨ǳг
Ժ󣬽˹滮гţĺĲһ𣬴Ĳܺ͵һǱ˶ϱгɱֳľгˡ
ǰֳегżߣǵ˰ߣе⡢ⶼúܡ̧˻ļ۸񡣵ֳдԹ࣬ö󣬶ҵֳǵ࣬صĻҲȫҲҲһг֣˿Ծκ
û˻ųƷøˣøࡣ
нŷĿ˾Ȼȫֳľ
ܶΪˮ迨ʳʳǼ۶ˣһгйʳΣһһ
ȴ֪ЩʳʳζǸմˮġ
˸ӭʹг䡣˰ǣӳȥôˣǷֳǡ
г￴ĽŮ澡ԯ󳵡ͷЩĻֻ¶ǷǸʱ·ϵġ
ӳǵʱ޲еһ趼ϣҪͳʱÿһҪǮֻ
ȥټ澣ȻǷнūϰ檣ټǲϲŮɫ˥ңĸĸ汲ӵ󣬽ҲΪۡ
ʱ˾ͱ񡣡˸ԴЦҡͷ˵Щ꣬ܵô죬ܵȥ
ϷҪ˵ˣҲδػôҡ
˸ҡͷָ·һ˵·ϲֹͬ·ϣǿˡ⳵ˣóеʲô³
˴˸ս
µ񣬹˸ȷǵ±ֳƶڲݡ˲ɫͻ˷ǡ
Щܵڷ֮©Ǵ˵ֱʡ
ֻǣ˭
ֻдҴҼ棬ҲùȳǸˡ
ҲǴȻϣߵ̴ӵٱ䡣̴ӵÿһ仰Ǳ˽̵ġ
Ǻڴ壿˷ǡ
˸ţֹֻһˡ
ժǹ
ǹ
СŮӣĸ׾Զĸ׸ԶߵҲ֮ˡһŮôӲĳ
ɿģ÷Ļ̻̣ǵ˶ҵ硣ѵ֪ɶ˼ɢ
˫ʮľȴѾκһƾӽŮӸˡ
Ұһ̨Ϊ飬³
ַ֮ʱȴͻȻϳ̨д̫ӣСм
ڱٻֳǣȴǡ꽯ı̴ͼı졣
׵ܼλȻƮҡ
ϸ䣬ժǹͷβƺһ޹صˡһ̨¶ʼݳޡɫ˵ȫӡӡӳԺľһ֪Ůˡ
˸Ȼľ
֪
һжǼǴŮǺε֮ˣ
̨ժ¥
֪ⶫϱʢԶ
ֳǲ̳ǡ˵̳ʱһвδԸһǰѾ˴þ棬һⲻհǰ˺󣬷Ѿ˼
ǧ֮ãУΪ᲻ᡱ
ˡὪ䣬ͱҪСĿеֻΪסһãֵΪ˻˼˵ѣʲô¡
ǰµĻ³ͱӽ
ԣټʱ֣µĶʩһ
̹Ȼˣ²ʣлң
ˣ˵һ仰ס
˲ǳԼ
Ҫ
óһͶݸ㡣
Ϊʲôز򵥣
֣صĽӹ򿪣ȥھĬΣĳòԣ
һټ򵥲飡Ż
дġֶǶԹکжԹĿĽ֮顣
֪ǲǮĲ׫ĵ˼֮£дһ߰ʮûŮ˵ϹФһŮ
˿˺ŵ˸ʬʩ̡
ͦĵİɣʣ͵ͷҲöġһͺ˽еǰҵһٿ֣Ҿ;дʵǡܳɹġ
ٰתβǡϣ˸˹
ضһ飬ؾͿˡͨƪһ˼˹̼
;ⱲӶ̨
ô죿
ֻ辶
ͦɹġ˵Ѿ˰ˡ
Ҫ֪пһŶ˵˫ֶŶ
ǲ˹֣Ҳдɡȫȫβ̨߽
ЦǸͽϲֲҪļһرΪĵʱ
ǰҲе㲻ҪʱԴΪ֣ԴΪϲʱ޲ܹЩëĵ
Ϲ˹Щ񡣵̫˲ùҲãĥһĥϵǡ㲻ΪãĥһҲ˵
һѩ֮ǰֳǷһµ¡
һʿӣ﹫˸˫̨֣
ݳһ
˲̾
˵ܴΪʷ񡣡һС˵üŪۡ
Ŷһ
ӡĲɲðɣ
ˡ˵󰮵˶úܣءһǴд̫˲š
дòҲܡ
һʿԽڶԲһ͸Ҳģô³ҾǴģ
˻Ȼ򣬷׷׳ǡ


309 ѱȮ
˸Ǹꡣ
˸ĵһ, ûٵŭתʧ١
˵̶Ⱥܵ͡Ӳڳһ, رǵȨ֮ǷԼһССԡ
ɫ׷
˵޼۱ѵɡ⻰˵, Ҳиװ棺׵ãС
Һ˶׷ı, ŮȻҲ޷̫ںӵ
˸ץʱ׼ġ϶鲻ùġǹ̫رˡ
ı֪µĹʲôӦķӦУ̽Ŀ
, еʧΪԭĹĵ, ̧ͷ֮ƺͲˡ
̫, Ļˡ
ûеڶˡ۵˵ΪΨһһ̨߽Ļᡣ
ס
¹ĻʹҲһܼˡҲעŹһһ, ˳ġҲע⵽ڴʱժ¥¡
, ˸ͷŷˡ
, ٹĿѣԡΪһʫ裬Ҵӱ, һ뻯Ĺ£ǳȤ, ǳ, һϲ
ϲ¾ϲСϲǮһ⡣
ĵͷù˸ĿӦþʫˡ
ʱÿ˵ܶ࣬Ҳ˵١
ڵĹٷֻǼ, ֮⣬µİʵôҪ֣߰꣬еĻʵ۶һûȤĿǰûһ̳мֵ֡ı仯٣õı仯Ҳ١
ɰջзḻľģҪ֣Ժʹķչͱ쳣ḻɡﲻͬ仰һ㶼١
͵ϣһѧ峵ʿӻѧ֮ˣƳ֮һʵϴҰˣüȷ¶ȷд֣дû£϶ӵܡ
Ͳд¡ʱҲҪĽԽԽˣڸ߽ºҪʱֹһλԼǸä
ײûлĽʱԷ˺ܶúͺܶ﷽ʽȻȻģﶼøӼ򻯣߸Ӹӡ
ڼ̫٣Ĺ¶ܼ¾򳤾䡢ʡݡߡ
Ӧ¡
ϵģ˸õʫʽı﷽ʽȴҲӽ䡣ʡ䣬ϰ̾ȫˣʫ質ʫʱ򣬻̲סüòгЩϸڣĹ˵ˡ
ȫˣҪ롣
ܵ˵ǶĿߡ
˸ԭӦòûףһ޹صˣڳ
ʫǺܶ˵ġĿġ
ǳĻɢĲࡣֵϿһˣĻ̡̻
ǰЦĽֵõʱҲҶ·СܹЦСĽ
ֵгҲûˣ̯ưܵĵ·ߣʢơ͡ľͰյģҳǻϣǮ͵͵ţǿ־δ֪ĵˣԿһ˵ĵʱС޽еϸĸãȻϮͷվڽֽǣһؼҡ
·ϵǿ־δ֪ĵˣǰ·ããδǹ磿
µĲһݣǴʱɳļ䡣ǴŸĸ޶ߣȻ޴ȴֵͬ顣

Σ볪ʲôˡ֧ȥʫȷʵдò˸Ҳܺ飬׳˵ᡣ
ġ
һ㴥ת۾ʧˡ
˸һ·Ӱ쳪ϣýºĹ㶼̲ס˹ΣǸʲô˻ûߣ
Ȼ˸Ǵġܣһ
ˣһ˰Ѱ԰йһ͹˸ȥţʫиɢС֪ôءȻΪڷչ϶Ǹ磬뿴β
˸ģſײ˰԰էһҲӵòסˡٻζһһǰӸ곤Ҳɫʰ׶ϣһߵǰ΢΢һЦ˸ʱư͡
˹ǽĳʷ
ԭɡ˸ľ͸ˣŻعͷ̾Ȼ鴫
һʱ֮䣬Ҳ˵Ǹղŵİ׹Ӹɫǰɸá˵׹ڻһͥѾһ
һ
԰ûߡ
㲻ʲôǰ֪ͨˣȥȥߣסƵġ
֮£Ҳʵġá
¶¶úܣ˰԰ô
԰ԺߵһǣͰںһٰ㣬ʼ١
ֵİ׹ӵ;
ΪһòڵĹӣ԰ϰ˲ƵļաҲļĴйءòӣ϶֣쿸ȥСȤǺľġ
ᵯ٣ᴵӣԣóݳֺʫ趼ǣɽӴʶŵ㡣
շ棬轣ǽ轣ģͬսģյСƤġ
ѧ棬֣дǶƶȱС
˺ܶܶ飬׼Ѽ֮࣬Χ֮㣬붼벻ģ˵󣬼еÿ궼רȥѼ飬鷿꿪ʱ鷿Ѿپˡÿһ飬δܽꡣ
ô˵ҲֻŶѣûѧеĵ
飬顣
ڰ£Թа԰顣ö򵥣ýζһû壬ٱһ顣
飬пġ԰繨Ⲻ
ޣЩ˯
һֱΧȻҲҸ԰֡С˭֪᲻ڻ˰ѵ׼ͬھ
ôĥңԼ𣿡԰ɬͬһ飬Ѿˡ
Ϊûһһٻζ˲˼ϡ
ô֪ĥأۣʧǵꡣ
ѵΪңҸΪ˸м𣿡԰ٵģȴпŮЦˣİŪȴ㶼ܷ
˵ô֪Ϊûһôأ֣ͰѰϵˮʣǲ˷ʱֻΪĥġ㵯٣˿ģ㱳飬˻ãòҿ˻ˡ
ǰ仹ð԰ɫŻһ㣬һɫ佩Ӳˡ
ÿһŮ˵߰Ϊʲôߣ
԰鱳ƵĻȥˡ
ߺ󣬽ʽ壬Ǹ˽ʲôţ
˵
һ£ûֶڴߡ˵
УȻ԰ͻȻ̬ȣҪˣ϶˲ߣǸĸԸ踺صˡ
ôһ㣬ΧС
ʣҪҪһ˭͵Ϣ
ò𣿡Ц
Ȼǽʤˡ
еΪʲô֪ʤпͼı죬ȴȻѡժ¥
ΪǸװ׵ġڼ顱űժ¥֣һ֪ڼ飬ڼ˽ԽԽܿһһУһһ
Ц壺ҪһУڻ̫ˣֻܴӰ԰֡ڼɴʱܸб˴Ϲϵʱ繨ⲣ罪
ܶܶˡ
ǲó
帣飬ʣð׹Ҳ
Щϲͷڸ̫ˣһԴСʱһˡ
Ҳˡ
԰Ǹ׼˼𣿻ģвʣĻ塣
ϧ̫Сǰ滹ȥⲣȷֹⲲܾ𺣺ȥˣڻءֻ˶Σڴʤˡ


310 
԰ص, ׼, Ϻһ׺ͣӲڰǰҲ޷¿ڡ
Ķˡ
ǰ, ȥʱҲ׼, һֱҲһֱСԴӹߣû֮󡭡һжˡ
ڹū͡ûǰġŴرǰӲŴ, ʧ, ű, ڵӲòùˡ
ùѾˡ
ԼߴһֻӲͷƤȥ
ſһСͯ̽ͷڲŵŵŵܽ, ѷ, Ҫأ
ԥһ²ʣܸܲһһ
ڹﱳһˮû, ԽԽ䣬
С֪ͯ滹ǹ, ҡҡͷ˵ûˡҲûȣϴˡл, ҲǸõġ
԰, ¶ǣӺǸһƬһһڻϿٳԡ
߰ɡ˵
Сͯ𰸼ˡ
ҹ, ʤ˽Ȼժ¥ȴСС˸٣еһСͷ죬ժ¥Сɨ࣬ˮеĺɻήˣûûҹĴҶݻоûʱҰ԰ˡ
ǹġıʲôȴ벻ͨ
ֻҪϳ̨У߹԰԰Ϊʲôӽ԰أ
ǣȴֻǲʹİʱõ̫ˣҲ̫ˡ
Ͼǽӵܡ˵̨˳ϵ˶˽⹫
ƮƮ
ȴû취԰ֻһˣⱲӶܳΪ̫صˡ
԰ȴͬı࣬Ҳ㡣
㹫ϲҲݡ
һҪץס԰
԰ʤܸˣĻ֮ңϣܰｯʤҵˣԼȥһˡ
ˣ԰µ׷·ڷ⡣
ʤԾľͱøˣڻԺ֪ûԺ÷Ȱ㲻ܼȥᱻ㻵ġ
԰ҵЦһ£ҡҡͷ
ڲڹĥԼǹ
ЦȻŮһˣģ̶ʮգᵽЩڸ׵ĺԺбļů
Щ檣ô߰崿ںԺѸɱ䣬ǻʦͨѧ裬ȡ׵
ôҡ
ٶ˵һ䣬ʤˡһһ§ס԰οౣⲻĴ
԰˵ίӿͷ
Ҹô죿Ƕڱң
ʤû˵̫صϢŵݽģ԰ĸϣ԰ô
忴԰ժ¥ֻ˰԰ժǹߵĺˣѾһˣ
ڣҪ԰ࡢͶʣҪ԰Ű׼ҡ̫һ
̫ز뿪ǣϣĶڴߡ
׼ϣ԰̫֮ٴЯһ°׼ӵܡΪر׼ҵȻְ֧԰ģҪʲôǮˣ׼Һ̫ضᶦ
˵԰ǰһ棬ˣڽʤ׵ĻͽֻܳѾû·ˡ׼Ҳıӻӻذ׼ңܾ˳谮İɡڻȥֻһǴۼ壬ˡ
Ȼ谮Ҳʧһ·ߡƫƫͻȻ֮ʧȥȤ
ȻʤͰ԰֪δйȤ
׳Щ׽ŪŪϷŪ֮⣬ûŮ֮飬븧Ҳô
ʤ԰ԹķŭУռʵܴܡ
Ҫʲôأ
԰ֹһεôŷŭ벻ʡ
ѵֻеһ裿һ
԰ҲɵڹпʱŽȥˣϲҫʤռ
˭˵ôأǰҲҫܹʱףûŮ֮Ŀֻ֣ռһˣѡ̨ɫĽ
Ҳ޷
λĲ೬ԽŮķֱϷֻչĹߣʲôô棬ֻȥ
հ԰ĲֺγǰĲأ
Ǹ̵ǣϵܴİȫС԰Ϲ齣˿Щ˻ֲ̿
ΪûҪŲ
ˣԹߵĽǶȿ˿͹ۡʤ룬֮Ψһõưɣǰܿʱķ꣬ܿԼĵ⣬ȴ᲻ȨɥʧôӰ죬ʧȥжʧȥǣʧȥԵ޵ļ֡
ΪʱǸˡ
ǰù棬Ż뽯ȴûõʲôôˣ档
Ϊڹ԰԰һָ԰һپܾˡ
жิӣѾðʧȥķȥܾˡ
ڽΪʲôô񡭡Ҳܿˡ
ԽռϷ磬Խ
ڱư԰
ˡ
ջ
Ҳˡ
ǡΪʲôҪð԰أ
棿Ȥ
ʤӱϷսʧȥ˳嶯Ѿܾõٴᵽˡ
ȴǸ̼
ͷ
ḧ԰ͷౣڹΪʲôȥأ
԰ͷ
֪ϻءϲǶ˵Ļ˵㲻ڹȥֻѡȥߣȥôļֵŬŴվ
԰۾鶯˵ˡ
һ̫غĸ⡣ʤˮ˵䶼˵˰԰ô飬ܰװ׻ķ˰
պ󣬽˵԰Ѿȥżˡ
˿Сжˡ
㷢˽⹫ˣϲѵ˾ۼ¶ʱõ׳Ҳں
ȷеðաϲֻҾ֪һʧʲô
ʣʲôʱȵڶ
˵йɣôйȵڶ
һԣѡֵܡ˸óӱֵֻ֣֡˸ͳƷѾڿϵλˡ
ڶȫԣκֻҪΪԼܴͿԴʤ߿Ժϴαֵܡ˸һμӵԡ
ڹǰϢøոе㽵µֳٴη
ΪֵѾεͷ֮⣬˸Ϊ﹫ѾץˣǸӣûֵܻӪҲѾˡ
ҶΪˣû뵽еڶڵŴҡ
ĿϻһڳſڣƳʯ幩˳ġ
ϻصϷ֮εһ˿ɱ
ʱʵ·ѵǷǵ
شûϻض࣬ĿȴøԶǸԸ
Ļ𣿡
˵ǵ˶߿ˣ
Ҳ˵ˣ˶ܵޡͨȥˡ
ܵءȥӭʹвٶǷӹ񡣡
˰
ʱգûм٣ԽԽˡⱾóΪֳǵһ⡣ӭʹйڽȴн
ʷҡֵܶûڶֹͣ޽Ҫܶ׳ֻ޽й׳û
Ϊİɡ
ʴȣǼ¡ûȥѴҪйκʱ򶼲һ˸˵£˭˭
ǽ纣䣬ûһҪǶԼͬĺν飬תԼ취
ͳ׳Դ
˿Ҳͬʱõʳʱɹ
Ҵ͹ƣ֪ڶûûóǮʳǣȻڴʱκ˰ƭΪūΪūһ֣
һ£һµĲǱˣ纣
⼸˵ˮǴߣ㾡ﶼ¹ˡ
һߵҼвû˱Թû˿˺ΪѾˣ
ΨһϧҪŽǸǣǸǶֻǳļһ㲻ҶĶ飬ҸһжȻ
£纣޽ǡ
һհѽҲһջָԪ
ӿ룬纣ռűȻҲ̲סȡҾūͣҲûЩūպúѵҵ
һ£ɲġ
Ψһֵҵʱʱ˽˽⽪ڽǹܱ˵ģ϶СʱѣֻҪѽȥȻʲˡ
ҼһҲûʲôô
ɵٴѯˣֵôմ𣿡
ҲԼġס˶ˣȻҪЩ˶⣬Լ⣬취
ܷǸЩ˵һЩϲĻʱõǱֳĬ
ˡ˵ʲôҲ˵ǾͲѯʴֻԼС
ս˵ֻˡ׳첻ԣµվ۵Ȼ졣뽪ʾһԣĬĬš
ڵһ໹¼ʿרż¼Щڴǰķԡڼ¼Щ˶Ӽˣÿ춼ࡣ
˵Щ˾Ϊûд򶯴żҲЩԺסĳˣ˸Ϊڿǣڹ۲ǡ
һסˣֻ¡
һڵӭʹ彨úҪΰá
²ʧȻǲֳǾȴҲǹµǼȻֳǣ¾ȴߡ
һ˵кܶΧйǷӣǲǾе㲻
ǲе˲أµǺϲסм䡣
Ȼ򣬸ӸжȻʴȣһ£Ժټƽʱʿӣһһð취Щ
һǴǵˣϲգֺ¾ǰգʴȵĴôܲΪ֪أ
һ˶Ȼͱֵ֪ˡȻðһˣ֮ȴһЩ㡣
ڻԶԶʱ򡣴ʱҪͬЭҵ
ͷģҶġ
Ŵһɳ̫ˡ
ٴνʱͷ֣ԭǹİ԰ҲڴˣȻֻżΣѾ˴ϲҲõһЩ֧֡
ԷΰΪ׵һˣѾ˰԰
֮⣬˵ĵڶԺǰʯϧҲصֳǣμӵڶԡ
Ҳ̲סˡ
Ƭ̣ס糯պۼ˻ֻ࣬õһȴܰͶϵ˶
ŭǰ԰ڹôҴ
ֻ°԰ľ⡣
Ȼŭ
λŭü˵ǳй˸飬кŵĿأ
Ҳǹ˸ŭôùԭ£ùϲأ
Ҳɲ
˸˿ȴС
·ʫ裬ûʱȥõʫ質µģȻ̨д
ѵȥˣ
Ϊˣɹǿֲ֮ȷˡ
ʫô
Ӧòǡ
ǹΪʲôأ


311 
һѩҹϮֳ, תۼ, һƬס
˸ãŰվСǰ, ŲԶժ¥ժ¥ļСӦԭĳ輧סĵط, ·һ˿֬
֪⸽סǸò뻯İ׹ӣɡ
׹ӱæյĲҲ, żòͷ˴˺Ͷ, ü, ù˸úܡ
Ǳ߲֪ôˡ
⻹һôԶĵطꡣ
Ϊ׵岻ã˼´СʱͶܽšĺǽ, ǰûлߵǽһԶĵط
СʱҲܶ, Ȼû˸˵, ֪岻, ûˡȵһ͸ˣô, ֻһ, Ҫˣܲһ֪
ԣ˺ʱ, ڼж顣裬ʹʱֻһԿӵ˴䣬ȴֱʮ߰ʱȢӣ֮ǰѾͷֶû
ж¿ȴһ붼ֻȥӣӵˡ
˵˸ûйԹޣǾϹˡԹ˭Թôֻһܵôϣ
ˣ˭ԡҲֻܱ
ηǵ£˸ôʵ̫뿴ˣǶҲֵѾ˼˸ѾԵ˼ˡȵ۵ʱŷԼⱲӶû뿪ǣֻǵĽֵֻǵķ羰
˸ûţŬ
һСͯ緹ôԹӣôָñǸˣ
˸һǰӹеİȴսչһ϶⣡
СͯһЦ¶ȱ죬˵䣬˺öأԺ춼ܳˣ
죿˸һ¡
ڶ죬Ѽ򡢹СǺܲͺġ͹һ㣬ѼͺױԵʱѼᱻɱƣ˶죬򡢻ļ۸񶼻ǡ
˵˶ͻԴˮĶɳԲԵһˡ
˸ǻɹûôǮ⻨ǮǸСڹ˼ңҲûÿ춼ܳġ
ѵֻժ¥ôԣأ
öסˣͣĿмĴ󶦡
վڶԵľϣһѴŨзŪе⡣
һͷոձɱĺࡣҰģǴԵġ
˴Եصͷࡣղž͵Щ˵棬һͷ
ʯϻѪأɱˡ
ЩԲǴû󺺣ҲҲһƫƫǽ˵ǹ̳Ǵġ˵˼Ϊ£ԹʹĹ
û֪ڵпһĻǽʱΪһǸս˾ݼ˵һô͡
ǵʱЩ
ʵڽ֮ǰĴôģǱӻһ⣬ǶΪǼ׵¡
̨Ĺ֮ûϵġ
ǴӽʱܻĵطֻбߵĽº˵Ϊϰȥϱߵĳл˵Ϊ󽯺չ֮ͬ˿һߵժ¥ˡÿܿȴһҲ߽
ƺ˵ȴκʹ˵ʯΪ˳ȥ
ȻλȴԶ˴ǵȻصޡǴûһ˸ἰĴš
ö֮ǶĴҲôˡʵôƣЩſôһǣ
ϸʷҲΡһʱ͵ĳūɣһ뽯СӵģǸ԰ˡ
һŮʵְοǻǷֱֵġ
˵ڶǴˣȻҪվһ𡣴˵ˣҲҪʹһάŶԡ
ڹдǡмѾĬĬݸлˡ
ǾͿǸ׳ڻƮѩǰͥɱһͷҰࡣ
Ұණͻײӳ죬׳вмһֻƺϹ֪ĸɶ칤֮˽һֻǾͿ׳ȥסҰ࣬һյ˵һͱҰĲӣٰγʱһɻðѪɫʯϡ
ȻͷҰͱˣٰͷնѶǸʿġΡӶͳ֫ϣпǣٰϵж˿ѩɾѪһ鱳Ͷ붦Уţ͡Ȫˮ
ӿڵǰ׷ͷҰ𣬵оһƬ
˰Ұ࿳һ飬ɱʵǵǵĸо
ʾ
Ƕǵľʾ
ھǡ
Ƕˣˡ˭ء
Ĺ۲
ڴɱҰʱûо֮ɫ̴˵ҰϲԴһˣ
̴ЦԶٶУȻС֪˵ʲôϲˣһɬС̴ӣΪ𣿡
̴ŴЦŵͷ
ƺǴ
ǻ˽һˡⲻǴŵġ
Ҳǹ
ǻ˭
ǡڴǸˡ
˶֪иָ㡣˵һλʦ֮˵һɷǵͷӣʶ΢ĩƮȻԶȥȨѳ֣ú󣬴ðԸˣ£ȹȥҶһ֮
˾Ӧˡ
ΪĽ󣬲ϲȨƣҲԸ⵱٣ĹܣԲһֱĻơ
ģкܶࡣ
ڽº빨һֻ׵̳ը棬߳Ա˵Ц»ĸըŹǡӡϲӵȲˣʮַʢȫʳ
Եͷ̧
ûʳ˷ףǰһӡ
ڸ֪֮ǲʧȥֻʣ³һȤˣǰؾơΪ˸ԹϹϵչ󣬵ЩѼ͵̨ۿ㴵һˡ
ǹһ
ں͹վһֵˣ׵ġ
ֻϳ⣬ϲ͡͵ʳѿʼʳȻŭ˴ɺͽ⣬һͷ³һͷ˵
Ͷд˵ⱲӶˡ
㱾ҵˡЦ
ڵҲĽͣҲԸͲԸġǿȡȻȤСԼ齽Ҳһֱ¡
˼ǣԸҵˣ˳Ļʡ
Цϵǰ
Цˣ¶ƽӣˡ
㲻ùĹߡ
ԸȨİ֡
ţȴ
ŪڲӢȴǸǰŮ
컹ǰˡ
õõϢ


312 
һֱ֪ڽʲôλôģ
ʵ, , ˵ǲΪԲ̣ϲ֮䣬˵õϣٺݺݵȥ, Ƿݾ밧
˵ڹ֮µҰǣڵһʱ͹ıԡıԡ
Ǹ̵ľ, Գϲ־Ϊʳʲô, Ϊ˿֡
ԼûзҲܷ, Ӷ, ơ
ˣʵϣø빫ơ⻹, ǶΧ˵ǿһ, ʲôѳǵƿ, Ǿͻðһŭ
󣬸ˡǰ, ȴʼûָײǼµˡΪСһ𳤴ʱֶλ, ԰Żῴ
길ͻȻ, Ҳᵽĵ׵ķŭ;֮װȫϡû߹κ, ĲҲ֪һֱŸȥһ졣
µˡǳϦ飬Сһ𳤴˵סԺ͸оķУԼԼҳ뿪
߰򣬸׸һģֶΣҶڸ׵ңΪʲôݸף
ûгȥôΪ֪ô˵Ҳ⡣ΪڰĿоǹҵ񣬹ҵһУ׶԰˵ɱС֪᲻ÿķ¶
ʵϲҡһֱ
ýɱ˹ңɱ޶ɱЩϢˡȴڿԳˣ
ǹ㣡ǹҵĶӣ֮ˣΪԼˣ
ð֪ӹΪۡЩû˿
пǵģС
ȴƽ羵
Ҳˡ
֪˭óȥƶϡףֵܣãӣŮ֪ѣ
һ˻̩ɽģë
ܶ˵޷ĺ
ʱȲĶԹףһѾȲȥһµˣȥ֮ӭ˸磡
һΪ֪ҲգɱֻҪá
ҪԼãҪԽԽã
˹Ǿ仰޷ġΪ֪١漸֣ټ֣
ˣŲ
꣬ĴҲǽʾ⽪Ҫ򵥵ĹΪ
̨ԾǲףҲվ̨֣ͬҲһһİѴҶ뵽̨͡
ˡۣͬС塣
һ˭ΪϱΪԼʸϯ˶£ûʸҲš
ǽ빨㡢ֱġȣһҪġڹһ֮£֮ϵĴ˽ǽͽ뽪ҲѷǵС
ΣһȺҲҪ
˵ʯֳˣɡ
еˣеֻǼˡ
˭˭ֲ㡣
ͷǡľλ˶Ϸ𣿽ʢǸñֳһƢʱˡ˵ʱףʯʱ˵ȻҪβСˣһԺѾȫͬˣǼôִ³˶̨֪ϵĴǽǽԪʲôˡǽ˵ǹơ
ǰֳֻ֮ǸáƫԶطİնֻʶ̫ءϡ壬֪ͷϵĴ˭ȫͬˡ֪˴ѧ֪˴ֲʶİҲȻ֪ͷϵ춯ҡĴǷˣ˱ջῴ˵λߣ֮졣
ʣµģҿֵܿá
ͷͽ¡ʣ¾ͲˡԽ̣Խء˾ͲֵǮˡο˵С磬磬˶˻ʲô磿
ʣµľ鷳ˡ
ңһҪ
÷Ҳ뽪ֻ·һỳɹģʱ𣬾˻ˡ
סڹٷ汾УuǸ󹦳Է뽪ϲг𣬽ϻҵĶ飬ҲñʾûϵӦġ
ȡķҼǺ޽أ룬дǾܾ룬ܾ˻ˡ
uˣֲǷûжˡǰұŲ˵Ǳ˹ȣܾ룬ɾվסˡ
ҪļԷҵ컺ͼ֮˿졣
׹ΪʲôҪѷޡΪڶԹĹѾˣûٻԹ֮ģҲٽ˹ڹǹҪ³һʿӵɡ
û˸ô붼Ҫ롣
ǸܺõʱҪ׽ǣͱ÷ҡֻҪʱ̨Ϸ̴ֻβְվ˴һߣպҲѷڡ
Ƿһ̨ȻǾҲˡ
ҲֻСڣڴǿû⹫ȱ㣬ǰҲãɫҲգҪˡ
˵÷ҳǺСôʱ
ΨһǷҿϲϳأ
ֻôԸðաͱסŵ㡣
֪Լë˹Ļ֮ûԥþ͵ͷǺðɣٵȵȡ
ɵ̧ͷ
ȴǴϲæ֪˵Ƣҿ˵÷ȥȰ°빦
ĿеѡǷҵuĵܵܣ뽪ϵĶӣ
Թ˵ǽѪ࣬һͬ󣬸ײꡣõѡҲȫġ
˵ֵѾڷˣڷuͱˡ
ڴʱ𣬺пܻ÷Ҿ裬ǾͲˡ
ǴͺãȴöԷ־Թޣֺαأ
仰˽ͷ̾˿ʧֻˡ
û취Ҷĵ֮ǰȷʵ÷̨
ֻôҲţĶԷ޶⣬ߵǸҲûж⣬ʣµһҲϣܷ̽ġ
ȻαҪҵأѷuɶԽж֮ˣһǶԷuΣһ룬Ȼ뱣ҰȻ׵Ĵ죬ô᲻ãüʱŰԼһȻֳɵĸá
㿴ε飬Цѵһ֪ѡ̫ܶˡ
ȥҡ
Ц޸֮ˣֻùˡ
ҲȽ뿪ºĵݻ˽ġ
˸תֻˣվԭλмŵĵطǹġ
кνң
û뵽˵СֱŹľٶȴƽûʲôӦ
С
ഺãһɣ֮ˣ̹Ȼʡ
֪ʵĲǹİˣǹûпǲįˣ֮ǰĽ
ҡͷޡ
˲áŮ鶯𣬹֮ɫ֮ζ˳µ¡˶˵ɫɫǹߣΨİá
Ȩ˰ãа·ȲϣΪңҲϣϣͨ˵İȨԳΪҵ׷󣬵ΨһӵеĶ
ְ𡣡ָж˸ϵĳĿ㲻ΪŮ˾ͺһ㡣
ֻһ£͵ͷ֪ˡ
ûôױ򷢣֪У㻹Ҫȥһ£̾ǹңǴ󳼣Ǵͽѡˡǹ£ǲǲ̸ֻ»ֻ˶á
ЦˣһЦ⣬㶼ˣֻ̾ϧǴ˼ܹãʵʵѡ
һҾʵ˽񡣡Ц˳ƺͺѧˡ岻Ҫ֡
ҡͷԱǡ
ЦֻǴ˿ûй¡
ҪšǹĽˣһУ㶼ҪǰͷȻҪã
ˡ
ӽº·ϻЩãȻΪԼһ
Ȼǵĳˣӱ¡Ϊ͸뵽ˣĻõŹѣ
Ȿóģ۲˵ϲ󣬲ɫˡ
ӵһֱŬΪԹõˣֻá
ʵ߲ͻ
ժ¥ʣ˵ʲôǷһң
ղ۵ĵڶ鷳ǽ벻⡣ɣ䲻ڡֻ뽪ͣѾˡڿʲôʱһ£ʵʵýá
ɲ롭Ľֻܴˡ̫Զ޳Īû취ֳǵˡֻ
벻붼Ϊѡ
Ĵһ롣ȻҪҪǾֻˣԼﶷĻͷˡ
·Ѿ⣬º󿴽ڿҹɫϢˡ
ɫͷ
˴ԡ¡
ߵʺ·ȡλݵˮĳ˵Ҫҷ̣
һ£̧ͷȥɴʣϡһӰ
̳Ǵ̴֮һïǵʼ͸ġг衱Ǵ̳£ڶūѡġ
Ӧʳǣ֮£ġòʶ֪ô䵽ūУűʼѡ
ԡ裬ǹġ
⣬Ҫ̺
ʯ֮䣬ˡ
һƵЦؿӿ
㡭̫ˡ̫ܵˡ



313 
ï峿ժ¥ȥʱ, ص̴Ǿסĵطʱ, Ȼû˵ſڡȫˡ
Ƕڿ
ï֪ԭЩȻѡΪг裬ҹ̳ǻصֳǻǴ, κһ˶û½ǡ
ǰǶܷΪǰнʷ׹ӣǰнӡôȵϣ
ͻȻ֮, ˽ߣǽϲŻ
ïֻû
±߳˯ñ
ʮסͬһ, վǰ, Ȼҽȥ
ʱһСܹͯ, ¶ƻЦܵ, ½Ǵ˵, ʲôͳʲôʲô
ïĿˮʱҪӿˣȻ, ûжǣҲʲôͳʲô, ƽʱķֻǸɱͽ, һ
ˡ
Ѿʲôζ, ⡢Ѽ⡢⡢㡭ʲôУ⣡
ͷ衣ſˮ˵, ˵ǹƳļȣɲܳζ
СͯЦˣï׳ŵӽݣûеȡůΪס˶࣬˶˯ڵϣûд齣ÿ˶һ߳߳һ߰ľ壬ǵġ齡ˡ
ϱ춼ģû̿˵ıӶһͲ״
ϣ˵Ŀⶼ˲ˣһĶǹͷ衣
ſڡվˡ
ǿͻȻֻǡ
ܿ죬ˢˢŤͷһȥǵĲӿŤˣһһһǳǳǵĶǵĿûƬƫơ
ţïŵŨ㣡ŨŨġŽζζ㣡
ɴ۾̲סվܳȥ
Сͯ˫չޣ߸һˣеչޡ
Сͯ϶ûãӿŲҪˤչޡ
ïϽһǰ˫ֱסչޣ̵ĶҪ˶᲻ӡ
չ޺ܳСͯӹȥʱɣ˦ֵõֹӣкܶԶ졣˵գСͯƤգգۣɨһȦΧźïˣıˡ
Сͯһߣ̰ѺïΧסˣԼľȻֽҿ˸ӣʱȸղŸŨڵ
ïһȺǾҪΧˣ֪Ѹײڶ֮Ʊסչ޶·ӣܻݣѸٰŹˣͷһһݵĶˡ
죡·£
бҴģ
ŵϣ
ïڴʱ˵ǳԣֻðѹӷ¡
֪ⰡȻ͸⣡һڼгԹ˵
⣿
𣿾Ǻץģ
ںڵģëӲ֡
ɱȼѼͻأ
һΧŹӵοˮ
ر˰ԼصʮóˣҧһڵģԼԷʱ͵͵ġ
ҶȻǳԺȣǻвʳϰߡֻҪгԵģʲôʱ򶼲¡
һָĺͣԿðͷ
һſˮ˵⡭ʲô
ï˵ͷ衭ϲӡ
ǹֺã
ǡô󰡣һ˿ïװʢʱ̲ס󺰡
ӳĴ󣡡ֲýйͷ衭
񹷵ͷôӡ
һΧŵһ˿ڿˮ
ʩʩ߽ºʱŵϲӵ
ָ󣬾ͱеûУΪţǵȹҲ޲֮ˣԭĺܻӭ
ֻԡࡰųţըٽ֭
ųɶӣ
Ȼһ£۾ֱˡʱ᲻ըͰرǺòͣͿѵˣѩѩ׵ģϺ󻹿ԸֲءըģġΪû취ųôӣҲ֪ôţһôҶӰȥţϸٽ⿪ҵҶӡΪЩߣ¯ϲӱĻҪ󣬱Щ˸ͷĻ
ԵöᣬһܳԵʳɰӡһ緹ƣн˵Դ͵֮Ʒ·ҲһЩ
һ١Ķ٣ôԣ־ˡ
ƿˣ񡣹վеѾȴ˵Ļ˵ÿٳһڣҲվôˡҾٹ꣬վҪ˷ˡ
ſҪĶӣҲе㷢һŸɸɾ跢𣺡ζ
ԺһΡ̶˵
Уɫ䡣
ЦŴӦ˹ڱĺֱȥԸµˡ
ƿһϷ͸ˣϵǸееʿǴֽġ
˵רڽԪǰ̺ÿչŵͣԪֽʲôġǸв
¹ĴӹҪǧ𡪡ÿꡣǰĵҲҪǮÿǧ
ĿĻǮС⣬һѧʡ
ϵĲǽԼһԶˡҲһɱԶˡ
ΪǻǮˮڿɹ֮ǰںܳһʱҪôȥȷ⹻
Ȼͭˣ˭֪ӡǮڹڻֻͨͣɱȡѵĴ£ʱΧôң纣ģǶôķ㡣
֮󣬹֦ϪѾʼͭˣʮǰͭ
л˫ӳǡϪѳͭ
߽䣬زκһҼвͭõ֮Ҫڳʾ˽ͭʮգʮպʼѣҼһǰݺԺˮףݺţҪѹ
ѳвͭģȫãȦ¡Ȧָһ˶ţȦȦȦ
˵Ȧ򶼱˼ˣΪȥ̫ˡ
Ȧ£ǮҲ¹ȥЩ˷ųֻµһ¾Ҫ뿪ɣ
ǹġҪͨգֲϣȰΪɲ֮ڡ
ҪǮ
֮䶼ԸʽģԹΪλҵΪ٣ֻһ˭ܿóַʽԹûʲôô
ԸΪ١ͨƽնûʲôҲˣԹȻţҲ޹ع¡
ˣʵںܶˣ繨С¡ʱҲʹˣȴ˿ͬλˡ
ãӡ
Ҳı˵ĵλֻǲ̫ͬҽҵΪȡǮţ¾ù㲻ͬΪ͵ǴǮû˵ۡûֻ֣ҪҶҪɵǮס
Ҳ̫ͷ˵Ҫǽ̻һôһ˼ǼΣյ£ԸͬҲԸһͨ
ϵһƣأǮıԡ֣κһҵİȻٴԴͷжϡЩһô
ڸ³ΧÿһҶһȷλָǿһ³ûô˸ģҲûհٷְٴӮο߶ս̣֮֮ȻĶ̴ΪʲôҪѾȥ̣Ƕ̴ʹ﹥ͺˣ
ԣκ˼ͨκ̫ռݵԥ£Ķԥ̫ؼԼҵǽǣʲôУֻҪǿⷿĶͳͳЦɣǮ
ʮܴκǳ̫һԼҵǽǣˣ¿Գþõȥպ󽪵ˣҲͣ
ǧ̣֮Ѩ
κֻҪϰߣκҪϰٱȥŤתδܳɹ
ҪǮκĶ費Ҫٶ඼ֵá
֮ǰֻϣκ̫ԥ̫ܶż꣬ƻΨһȱһκԥ̫شǳس֮ǰһǾͲ̫ðˡΪһԥ̫ôĴ󵨴̨ˣ̫ҡ
֣е޴¿ڡ˵֣ǸûʲôɫˣҲûʲôҰġֻȷŵһߡ
ܼˣô͹ȥˡϧ̽һΣ˼Ҳϣ˼Ҳɵ֪ǱģƴӦһЩꡱ鵤ҩܲð֣͵ǰȥ
ԹҲܴǾԹ֮ìܣϣ˵һϣе⣬ռλŵĴӦҲᡣ
뷽跨ͨ˻·ǵϢҲһڹ㼱á
ᣬκϽƣϣκĲطκֻҪĴͼκύκ󳼣֧ĳһδκӾͿˡ
ʣµŶ֪ܳŶã«̫ĸ̲ס
ֻۣҸһЩСЩҪʮꡢʮꡢʮܿЧ
ζҪʮǮпܰ׷ѡ
ôһ룬ЩʿĻҲ޹ġ
˱İ취
ūԵŮЩ￴ۣǺܽҲʱ˵ĺûԾ³ͻȻҪܶҲϡ档
ūΪ佪еľūŮΪ³ԱʧĿӡ
һʱʵΪܴǵĴó
ϵǣֵ֡˸˵ĴȻص㲻ͬһ⡣
³ڣŮѾﵽ˷ǳΣյľˡ
˸Ĵģĵ鷽ңӦǼҹӺϻģ֪ΪʲôǿϽǰѴԺ󣬲Լˡ
ɼĻˮƽġ
˸ĴУֳΪһңҲǳ̨֮СңŮﵽŮһһ
ЩҵĿйءҲŮΪܣŮҲúĳЩŮСʱɶһģȵԺŷֿ
ǵĻҲɣֻмļŻὲһգǺ¡ֹŮԵģҲԺȢ檲㣬ͬǱ˳Ƶġ
ǿ飬ûô棬Ҫٸ֤ʲôģֻҪȥǼһ£ͨ˵˾ͿˡŮ˿ټޣɷ˻ˣᳫģ˽ڼѶǺ¡
ôƺܺã
ֵܽĴ𰸾Ͳ̫ˡǹ۲ͨգΪѡĶֳǵĸгҲмвİա
ֵܹ۲ǹ˸ʮǻ˽һܺõݣվÿѮгԼֳǵҵΪж٣ֲĸ棬ĸгĶɶһ
мҵܸұȣֻС˼ҡЩ˼ȻºҲúΪ˼ŮѾ˺Եķֱ
һ̳мҵΪ˾ĹϵͶʳȻģݣԽζŸҪʱԽ
Ķһ㲻ּңųһǸӶ縸ĹȻȷѾ˳κгҲǸԼû취ӡܱܵӳӵĻ𸸣Ųֵ֮ķѡ
Ůһʼױ޳ȥӴûйϵ
Ůı࿪ʼŮ
ָʵܵģȴܴΪʣ֪ɵĻŵܿĲ֡ɵģڡһᣡ˳ˡ
ֹ۲ֳǵŮıﵽһȾţŮһѴﵽΪмҲûм˵ġûдźӵġӽŮԺͳʮĸˡ
ҪôǱˣҪôѾˣˡ
ֳǵʵûסûмҵˣеҲֳǣΪָԭʧȥԭļңڽֽǡ
άУкǿԻģŮͨһͻᱻӵĻ᳤󣬵Ҳᱻ˶Լˣ׻ֳʲô޸һˡ
ԴѪȵġ൐ġԴٵʱǿһԵõԴõȥĻᣬһͻᱻֱ
ͨгϵĹ۲ʡǮ˴һٿıó˽ۡ
߽ʱڹȥʮֻгڵʮ꣬òֺ
ƺֹ˵ǼӼģҲǳڵʱǾʱӱȽϺù
ⷽ濴ʱڶܳƵʢˣ˿
Ϊʲô
ԭڣʲô̼˵ʱӣ
ҹԭҳ
µ֦ãȻʱʱûأô֪ɹǰͨˣҪֱԲǻڹǰ
һڴӦԵȼգҷǰʷǾ֪ˡ


314 
һܸӵ, ֶλľٶȴƺԤס
֪ڳ֮, ܶҶٹֳ谮ӡӡʯı磬˵ǲǵĳŻ
Ⱳӵƺڶλˣ֮Ҳԡҵѹɢ
ݹλʮ, ûйĳɾͣҲûзʲôصĴ
նȻĺ, ôΪλɣ͸, ûʹȨ
ǹ, ûġɾ͡
Ӷɾ
Ǵ˿ڶĺô, ˲һζĶаʱ̫ˣʳԻ鷳κʷϾдܷ̾, ð̫̫˷ʳ, , ðȻ޴һȴ԰ǿһ, Ǻεȵؽ
̾ϢշȴţһǣҲ, ţ
Ҳʲô˼, ܵ˵յжٲҪֻҪûٵҲ㹻۾, ࣬ҲòҪൽû㹻ʳιԼĶӡ
Ŀǰûзȱ˿ڵ¡˵ڵİɶᶯҡ³
ɹ˿ӣҪĲǷȰáķչԤϣָķչ˵һҲ᷸
ҳʱΪʲô˶ϲӡ̫ˡ
㲻ǹʳһ財ˡ
Ļȥһͨʷ飬мسʱݲ࣬ǰʮ껹ģļأһûһˣֻ꣬зʱһʼ¼Ҵʾֺδ䡣
ǰʮ꣬软ϽֻͨȻ鲻ֳϲս䡣еŮû˳谮ֻʣȨƣǾֻȨˡʮ£ƴǮƴˡ
һǧڳлǰͥ컨Щ³ĻǧԹģ󲻹죬Ϳˡ
ԳĲϲҲûιҪһ̫ӣΪǳͬΡ
У谮ΪὯ󣬳ģӦñȽӡ
Ůˣ˰ѽº
֮󣬽û˺ԺҲʧ˳谮ʱȴһԿԡ
ȻûɹǴӳʱԿԪǵèδ;Ʒֵģ֮èֳͣŻؿԪҲûеֳ
̶̵ļ仰￴èʲô⣬һ֣һ֧ļ壬Ԫģȴ뽯Զĵʱˣ˻ؿԪ
㸡˹ˡպ󣬵ʱ˵޴ʱǾͿ԰ҵˡ
ΪʱǺϲҪԭǳĲ֮ͬĸܺãʱֻ̨мΨһһΪۡ
λʱ䲻̣˵ࡢӼҲʱӦڳڣǽʧȥ֮
Ϊˡ
һֱԵģٹһģ³¡ɴͷ˿ڷ
ڳ֮ǰ³ûдģ˿ڷмūձ飬ⲻ˵ĵһѡ
ΪӹǸܻӭЩǸԸԶطŮκŮ֣ŮǸֵǮ
ʱǳ⻹аո֡
ã±ʢɡ
Ҫë񣬲ҪƶҪ赡
Ҫˡ
ҪɽҲһҪ֯۾ϹҪ赣ǻɽڿա
ҪˣǻͷеŮˣ͵Ĵͷϡ
˸ͷҲʦͨδȡ
Ǳܡ
ʱԱȷʵҪý̻ȥԼԣѹֶһ棬Ƶһ档
˵
ǵġû뵽Ȼܲ³ԭ¶²
Ǹ̸ģȷʵ¡
ʱҵһЩǹģֻ̹һЩϴ¡ȵĴֻǵиӣ˳ʱǴŶӣǱŸޡ
ڹ㻹Сӻ̫ʱ;󡣾ѣڲŷһ⣺ǻ᳤ģȴźü궼һǲһޣôأ
ǰûĹ£ȴ˵һ⣬ż򵥣·һԸĹͬʱУǳ
ӡ
ڹɻ֮⣬ӪѼҵС⣬ĺӻᡰʿ
Ȼû˿УҾͻѺӷڽֽ˼ңͻһֱ̣ȥ
мҵС˼еŮܳΪǻܻӭԼļңԼɷӣ˱ȽϸɾֲȱǮƣԲ̹ҲãҲãǶ
û˹мӣԺ󣬾Ȼǻۻ޷죬ֻƾܾˡ
˵ûй۲ңʵǶʱ䣬ҵ˷ӣŮȥ
ͬվλҲһһ˿棬һֵ˿Σ˵
ԡͷðǶӣֻҪôҲˡ
ȴûеͷ˵á
ɡ˵
㿴Źƽ²ʲôζ
ʵеģϺìܣȴڵ쾭塣ܹɵñ˵Ұġӡĸӡֵܣܺɱ
ͬʱŸӡĸӡʦֿ֮ʵģαġ
ΪĲһܣȴΪûбƻ֮ǰӦǼӲģηġ
ĸὫӵƷܲˡ


315 
Ǹ찡
̴վڱĹ˵л, ϴ, 
Զѩױع׵ֳһŮ, ױ򷽡
ơһȥ
µһ굽ˡ
ϲһЩԻĹ, ȣǰִʱȥϷضǴ첻ҪҪ, , , ҲǴͷʱǰȵĺʱ˯𴲡
ǻһͳˣΪɽֳǻһξġ
³ûʲôϡ, Ǿɳ, ùġԪµ, ֪Ϊʲôһֱûɣ˽, һ²һ£ʹӿⷿ﷭һ, ѳľɳ, ˵ǳƯͭǶ𣬾ʮŸᳵĴ, һ˻أСȥʱǷ˲վݳĳԯ϶˷ȴǺġ
ʷʧȥ˼ݳվǰĺôùӲѺŽ˳¶档
䵽׻ûȻȥ˸Ǯ¿иεˣһҪ
һﲻ֪ǲԶˣȻԴ֮Ҫŵǽ壬ҪΪˣ
ȻͲܳ֡
Χŵֵܡ뷽跨Ͷߵϧ𣬲ֻĩβûбԹΪʯûء
ǿѵķϣҲǸС
ΪʿӾʲôȨǿͳǿԳ˳ͣҪݾֻܿȡ
ϾȨϵİū⽨ᡣ
ȥ꣬ЩʯҵͥȽٸһٸӣǶôˡ
ڳĳڽĺ棬ûý֪֪Ժ󲻿ϳ
ڹû
ݴųȥͣ˳жֳǵĴС壬е˷ڵԣһͬȥɽȡ
ô
ɺڣ
׹ڣ
ĶĶ
ǰ棡֮󣡡
ôûŹ
˵𡭡
ֳǺеʮﴦǰݼһȥɽˣЩˮ
ԽԽԽԽ׳ˡ
ǰڽйˡ
ڳԲ֣ýĳָ뿴ǾǴΪժ¥
ƺ˶Ϊϲ¥ϲڲͬʵôһЩϲãøʵĽݡ
ǣͣ³򿪳봰վڳԯϣúùǰһժ¥
̨ժ¥޽а꣬䣬ҲڷչһֱЩʦʵʦܰǵ˼뾫¼һΪĲƸ
ǰ¥һһ¥¥Ȼժ¥ʦûۼ̨ժ¥Ҳ¥ҪĲֹɶ칤ļҪǹһ壬һݡ
мߣ濴ֻ㣬ֻĿ⣬Ҳ¥ֹ㣬߶Ȳԡ
ȻȽö֪࣬ǲ͸ġ˴ǡôľȺҡͷĿֻǡ˵ȹ˾֪Сǲ˵ġ
ĳͣˣʱǰ뽪ĳҲͣˣʱ֪ĳ̾ͶԽ˵ýĳŵǰͷȥ
ǵοǹ˼⡣
֪ŹⲶһ飬ûѧᣬѧɣ곤Ӧýǰͷ˵͸˵ǰ㣬ϣҲǽΪȹΪ󡣡
Цȥˡ
ڴκĳҲλ
ⷬ󣬼ǰĳݶѾÿ·ˣֻô
ǴùТơӡ֮Ŀ֮̾ʹ֧顣
ں貹Ҳʵǳ谮˵ʲôʲôܴˣɽ˰ɣ
Ȼһ費ΧҲûв۵Ÿ͡
йߵÿˣйֻͣ˲һ̻ЩŵȻʱһҪȥйͣһͣǺòײŰйõġ
ɽɽūǿġڴĿŴĳݣһʱûϳǰǹ
ǲܿݣֻܴͷβͻᱻΧĿɱ
³ǱߴĿԩͷߵݴĺһȥһƬˡʽ壬ɽһжˣ
ࡣ
Щˡô˶ɽԪأ̫ϧˡȴ󣬾˵ȱһˣҪŮ
ͷӦ£ȥҽǣ󣬽Ǿȥˡ
Щͨˣ޷Ǿ㡢ʫƪһף겻ͬɽУܱˣ־䶼ǹⲽ̵ģúӡ
³ı֪Ǻ⡣ʵϵ˵ûѧʣǲǲݰδжģúõĻһˣƽʱЩԹЩ⡣
ܳɹѾҪϴԼϡܡ޲šıǩˡ
һֱڵϱװǺܲԶĳЩϿһڡ
֮󣬵ȵϵչǾͿˡ
Ѿǻƻˣǵ˵㱨һãȻֻ˵ͷúܺáһˣҪع𣿱ס°ɣڱѾܶˣҪ
ֵܵѾȲĸ޸ˡ
ǽѡЩ˵ԭֳûиֻڽΧ˶дڵ߹¼ҹˣ˵仰û޳ɸ;ͻᱻ˵ɺ۸ģôΧţµ˾뷴ҲһԼķСġӹġϲľͲῪˡ
۹ⲣʲô飬϶Щķġ
ڳϲֻһ֡бˡ
ܽܣȻصԼĵλ
Ѿܶˣ̰ġ˾ͲҪˡ
ע⵽ߣ΢΢Ŀ˳֮⡣
ȻϧռƲ𣿶ףȻԴнġһ˴̫ӵ֮ʦȻټ֣Щ˵ķȻܸᲢۣǼһҲһз
ֻڷʹͨһԲô
ڣֵֻʣˡΪߵѡ̫ˣЩֻһȴû̫ѡ
вζӳ¡
Ӧú޹ӦüǺȸλȨֲܺޣΪֻʣһѡ
ôܺԼΨһĻ飿
תһȦڹġ
ݴҴҶҴҶȥɽǵȴֹǾ벻ϣ
ܻȥ𣿡˫ֱϵţһһɴ뿪ɽꡣ
ֱߵҲɽʱ綼ΪԼΡ
ǸˣѧȴǺܺãó飬֪δؾ߹٣Ϊһֱ
ֳǽ϶ŹժǹĶµʱ򣬳Ļᵽˣ
д˼ƪ£רڽ˶ʱУ
Σգпܻ﹫Լôùļ岻ǺҲǺСдҲǺܺãȻ˶ÿȺкӦͣ
ãҪҲ
ʷˣͰץˡ
ﲻҾһңҹͺͱһ𱻸ɽꡣ
û䵽¾ȻôϷ
ֻڽһԼ£д
ôʷôΪʲôûֹǣ
һչȥĵת۾ǰ꣬ϣŪСʵڱﲻһ㣬ȷʵûС˼ֻɨһɨһɨͰѵϰ۵ĳɨɾˣֻһ΢ûпҲûɷŹ
ˣȴ֪Ҳûкҩԡ
¿ֳǵĳǽʱ̲ס档


316 ɳ
ۿֳǵĳǽ, ȴƫ˴·, ԽԽƫˡ
ǰһʵģǸͷΪʲôǻֳ, ˵Ҫˡ
ˡ
е˶ֳǣϲʧ䡢
ۿ, ھҪʱֽԶ룬, ֳٴδǵʧˡ
塣
ֻ˳ڽе, ΪסĶΪ, ʳţȻڽҪܶˣй֮أô죿
, һȺ˼˼, ˳µĴڸ塣
˹, ûж̴Ӧǣƾ٣, Ǵ尡
һͨñһǸǣûǮ, Уûʳͣ
Ȼ˶Ҳ, ǮǮ
ĻУҴҵˡ
һƬĵ, Ѿкܶڹˣе·šž޴ʯصѹ·Χжѳɽľĺʯģкüʯʯ׼שעˮ
Сߵһųɫۣö񣬴Źñߣˣˡ
תͷݲɨһۺͼеָһˣȥǱ֤š
صؿƺӴ¶֮һؿƶ½ġ
ֶҲһ㣬£ǴӹзȨԲŻְ
ؿǸʲôģĿǰͳ˿ڣᣬִ䡢֮ġ
ΪʲôΪڼĵڶվͱһ䣺ֳΧеĻĵ𣿹֪ʺ˾סƽأʺ˾סɽءȣʺϸֵķʵءˮԴĵطҰ޳ûĵطǵĴСռĵıʡ
ֵֻܴҪʱա
Ϊ˵һܴ𣡵͹˶ˣ͸ۡӡ͸ҪΣ
ŹۣʮãȻ˵ģ˵дʣƭ˳ɽĹ£
ôˣ
뵱ٵĻֻھȥǹ١ãȻ֮иڼ¶һ˼̱סĴǧҪȥǹ٣ǧҪ
ʵҲǺǸĸţҲ˳ӸĸȢӣǻһ㡣ﻹǶԸĸεģϾǰһֱ˳޵ţȴûдĸҫ
˹٣øĸкЩɣ
ȥˣٵڲͬãȻ٣޶ҲûѡǸ˵Լңѡ¼¼ٽˡ
ҪʲôȻھȥذ
Ժ־Ҳûһҹؼ˯ˣҹҹ˯ڳĻĵϡ
ֳΧĻĵصж٣Ҫ˵ġֳΧһķΧ
ַĻҪ򵥣ΪѾȦ˼طЩطǰд䣬ܹ˲ű˻Ĵ塣
ԴΪɡ˵
ֺܿͻĵصıʡٴι͸һѩ׵ĽĵغˮԴȵأ˾סĵطȵȡ
һ߻һ˵ҪӭʹˡָһֳǱȽϽΧۼ˿ƽء
ȦǺüӾ۾ӵĵطأ㿴ȫ
ʣǲסģййҰֵ֡
ŶǾˡڵͼϵ˵㡣
˵ӭʹ彨ڹˡ
˼Ѳ°ƽҹȴӭʹ彨ڹɺڣ
ָ֪ܿдƽҲû˷ѣ塣
ͦеģɱЩʿӶö࣬Щʿӵİٱǧ򱶡
ҪֶһҪЩţѧ֤ţһ֣Ǽڻϣǰ׺Ǵӵ
񽫽ʮˣǷֳ˶ʮ飬ÿһǧˣȻ˶ʮ䣬γִ䣬Ǵӵ֣Ҳ֤ϵıǰ׺
ȻָûʱؼˣҲûˣĹҲˣڴ빫йԱǹ򡢽ʷ˵ĸۡ
һ
ȻеãȻ
ݹȺ󣬾Ǽ
ʵüǰ棬³ǰļؿȷʵǰǰں󡣴Ϊ̨ժ¥ǰ棬ºıߣһ㲻۵С
ֻʯһλУ˵Ǽ͵ۣ֪һλеУǰìܣ˵۵ģҲ˵ҫ۵ģ˺ͿˣֱӾԼ͵۳֮
Ϊʲô£ȴݴͳĻʵۣͲö֪ˡ
ߵͺˣ³λ뽪
վǰ϶ýǰһȥ
Ҳǣýǰ棬Ⱥ棬øֻ֮ýȥˣ߹ʱץס֣һۣһ˽ȥ
һף۾ûһȥɡ

СˣǲǾڲƨˣţȻصҾһٴģ
һ˰꣬͸ǻֵˣʱĶʳ⣬ڴϡ
ϧǽ첻磬˶ҪһС˻빬ͨﵩ
Ľ
עĿġȺߵĽĴڻصѸٶ˷·ĹýǺͽȥӭӽҪȰߡ
Щż̫ðˣԹǣ⣡ôãӦϿҵϴ
˵ģϲģǲẦġ
ҡͷʼյĴ빫֮临ӵĹϵЩСϷߴҪš
վڵУܣɨǰĽ뽪ʣڣлҪ˵ȥ£ԺٷˡһΣԵǴ֮飬δζôָûȨˡ
ЦѾϢˣذɡ
Ͻ빫Ҫĵװ
֪ܴõˣҲǸȻԽ˵εҲˣ̫ˡ
Խǣ¡
뽪ʵȻֻܸͣȰ衣
ڱǰǰˣһǰѯʣȰˡ
ʼǽһϷǹġ
ֽص¹ʱѾˡ
¹ǰĵذϣø˶߿Ź˵Ҳˡ
û˵һͷײľĴ죬ۡ
ײˣվѹӸ򿪣̧һû̧֪ͷš
򿪣ԹԵġҺܵ㣬ҿòá
ڹ￪ʼܴô᲻֪أôֲᷢأٶȥɣڳȥһɣ
ˣһиɬҲߴֳųҲе㳤ݼİϤڹԼЬͷں·°ڡ
üۣϡ
ȵķ֣еôˣᡣ
㶵ıǣֳ˹ӡ
ǸˣȻ󣬵磬ǳˡʼԼ˼룬ԼͷԼѡܰһֻӦ档
εȻֲò˵վϣû
ǵһ˽̣ǰԼԵ¡
ΪʲôҪɱأɳȥɡ


317 
һ콨ɵ, ͬ, Ҳһֲġ
ֽǰǺܽţûٶϴ, ·С˯һ, ӭӽһҹġ
˵ҲǺΪ˵ģ͸ɽꡢеʫƪһ湦, 
, , ҲҪмҹͨﵩ֤һҡ
ҽͬһ㣬뽪ԪȥҲˣĬϵ, Ͽһˡ
㡢ⲶֱġһΪ潪պӭȢ׼, һҪóǰġ
ԽԹܺԱ, ġ
ھһŮˣݸһ, һھͲǱˡ
罪֤Ľ, вֹһ, гūҲӵܡֻһֻڹ͹͸ýɱֻ֤ūˡݸ߹, Ʒζ
κһ嶼صİȢȥɷֻūôˡһɷ򲻺ãҪô̫Ҫô̫⡣
ԹǳӣԡŮԵҪȻҲн׼һ棬עŮ֮עԣҲעŮԣûкκһûзչѹ֡ŮȨһ졣
˵ʣֺܿ֡ͬʱֲɱеͬ齪
³֤ŮԡԻûȤ
ûдΪ󡢲ŮȴԽ׳󳼰ﲨڸ
ֱӶŮûȤֻϲ赶Ūѱȡ
һднѪΣⷽġ
֤ƷζӦðĽ൱Ůԣ׷ǣǡĿ˴ͷβֻйŮŮŮūҲǸ⣬Ӱ˶ۣΪϲûѧʶĸʤеģʾҪô̫Ҫô̫С
Ҳλʿøַʽ͵ġ
ƺΪΪ²⣬ֹŮˣֹʾ¡
ûУֹǽԼ
ʹǽûһ졣
ǣС
ôģ
ǧ˵ǻģҲء
ҺнڣӺָ㽪⣬ڶΣҹеŮˡ
ԣʵõģ
Ȱ˽˽нڣܲ
Ҳû⣬ΪȻһ⣺ȢҲȢˣҪκһݸ߹İ£ҪԣԸѡŮҵĹŮҪҪƽճŮˣòʶ֣û顣
Ĵд󽯺͵ʱ󽯺Ů
Ѿγ˼άʽ־ʹ󽯺ݸ߹Ůԣƫݵ͵ġµġѹġڲġ
ֻңѾһ̫ˡȻҪԽ󡢽볼ӹڽͳìܡ
ȻĸҲһ⣬ǽԪġٷ汾ԪѾˣȥصҽԪɡ
ԽֻҪ֤ŮȤˡȹһ˵
ϣǰȺħ衣ӵһ˼ǿţԳҲĳݣڹĵԽԽԽԽİ£иŮѾðˡ
Ǹδ޵Ĺ˵ûʸĶڵصţ˵㽪ԪСڣܲܵһ¡
кܶ͵ǴûУڹĵв٣ǽߵȺˡ
԰˱ֱˡϧ˶ΪȻˡӣ뵱˵ȿֺ
Ƶġݼġڨﲻȳ̨ˣͱ顢衢衢٣ٱȽḻΪĵĶǹеŮŮܵȴʫ衣
ûƣҲ뽪ȡƲѾӵұˣȻЩ˵ĳ̬ıЩϺ⡣ҲմΣںïϣĸ졣
ǲȾҲͲˡ
ϴϰ԰ϡͬۡ˺ïԺִЯλʹĶˣֳϷܲ
Ӧ˵Ϸòڶο磬˵ȺѾʼ򽪵ǵĽˡ
Ҳ͸÷¡˵ЩڳֳʱʹЩ׼׸Ů죬ڲҵƳѡ
ֻҪֶβּǲ˷Եġ
֪̾˿ùⲸ˼ƪΣԴͷˡ
ֱһ飬˵ǹģΪЩ˵Ͻ֮·ҲܻԼףڼжźѸ̾Լ֣࣬ףǿѾȥһˣǰŬںϺȰɣ
ҲΪãСûѧϽ˵
Ŷˣ̨ðࡣѾ˼ϲĹŮɽ˵ȴϸЩŮʹͣȥеС
ë󣬵ҲһС⡣
ҺýֲˣȻûʹͣЩŮ˻˸סÿҲԶ༸ˣÿҲ˼Ů̡
Ȼû֣Ҳһ´
ЩŮ˵λýˡʮŮˣٶˡ
˵Ҳϲռˣֻе߲ܡԴӹŮֽܺù֮һѷӿˣֻǡôƶѡ
ˣ⣬ݡ
Ϊͣ󣬽еСԣû뵽ܵĺܿ졣
ܿһ⸡֣ȺŮˡ

ﻹǸӤʱԹ࣬ûˣķҲȽҪһ㣬ܵӰ죿Ǳʲôԭ򣬽ͽһ˵Ļ󣬽ʹ󷽵ĸöˡ
⵱Ȼǡеġ
ѵ÷һŭ˶еժǹԳݣһƪĵӵĻ
Ǹ˿ġ
˽ǷվӴƨɣ֡ΪһǴһ̫ӣ¾Ϳûй˼ɣû˹ˡǰûεѾǳˡ
ҲҲѧѵʲôʲô֪𣿡վһһ̫ӣ˶˿ӣԼۣ¶ͨͨƨɣϹᡣ
ûһξҪʹ
ǴԽ˵ϳʵۣ㲻ܸκ˷Դ͸˯Ůˡ
ҭһ£ɪɪͷ
ٿ˵ʵԽĸʤԽģһʼӾͲͬԽܲƽ
̫ӡԽ˵㲻ģλŮˡ½ȡµȺʿӶȥŮǿǰ߻Ϊ̸ֻ³Ĩڣ轪
ڽļޱ̣ʤ뿪һĻһлʵʱЩԶ룬Զ
ʹһƨɰʱ£ҲµĴһͬꡣ
ʹ߳ժǹ񡢽ǡʱûѪ߰ߵĹڽʱ

⴫İʹĺ͸ǵĿ־壬ײײ̨׵ĽŲ
ú𣿡е㵣ǵ
ҡͷأԴģֻ˼Ƥ⣬û˽ǣ䣬ܽ裬ʮһʾͿˡ
ǸѵԽԽҲǶ
ߵǰԶԶŵµǼꡣ
Ƕˡ
֪ĸ棬ǹģӦǵģ˺ϻ˽ȥΪ˽ֽѵ
Ϊʲôûдӽͽأ
ûмӽͽ˼һʼ͸Ҫһķ̴̫ӣǲˡ
ֽͽûи
ֻǸողŷ֣ͽѾĳ˽ˣ㡣
ǲսȨ̽ȴǸеΪѡ
Ҳǽͽߴĺ֢ǶԽľη̫ˣ޷γϰ׾ٵľͿ˹ȥ
ǲде񣬵ǿԽܡ
ڽʱһǿһ̫ӲҲˡ
ýսԱǿҪһֱڽ¡

ȥ֣̽һ¶ǿ˵
³ͻ̫Ҳ޷


318 ʹ
չ, Ͱ˴, ɡ
˶֪ˡ
Ϊʲôȴû˸ᡣֻ֪̫Ӹһ˴򣬴˵ȴǹ
Ȼ, ˲֪˲ˡ
һûнĲ, ȴһܺõ̵ܣ쾭ġ̵Ķԣ̵ú, ֮, ˭ܰ˴̫ӵĿӴƨɣô˵Ȼ, Ȼɫȴ֪, ǸְܳĽϹ
ֳܿǹһθ, ˶Ԫʱ, ܳ裬ηûҪƨɵĴ
ǡ
Ȼ鲻, ˺ܴ
۶
Ϊ˸ĸҸִ̾ѧõĺ, 췸, Ӳᱻץס뷣ûɷ
Ĺѹʱס̫Զߡ
һµĻ˻˺޲֮ܳ죬һĻȴ˿ϧ, ֮⡣
һĵֱһС覴þ͸ֵһˡ
ЦáǧټƻһȻɫ̰ȴܴûȻȻıȻɫ̰ȴĻ
ǳɳһҹ֮ʹӲµĺӱ˶µġ
Цá
Ҳ¡ˡȥʹ󷽵İѽŮ˶͸һΪŵڱ˶Խ̣뿴һİ裬Ƕҫⲻ˵Ǹִ󷽵
˶ˡ㺬Ц˵ǰҾͳҵˣҲ͹檣ˡ
ŮȨƲãһˣǲؿ㣬ΪشˡһֶζкܺõЧ
ֶβǿǲǸǿǲá
ˢһ֮󣬹ҲЩ׾ۣΪʵĴˡ
Խкôż˵һټʶĻҲûʲô˳ЦˣϾǱһ㣬ĺã㳰Цôһˣ˵Сˣ
ҲС
ֵܵ˿ʼ̽򽪵ҪˡǵҲ򽪵Ŀǰе⣬ƺ³һҪˣȻ飬ǵĽ³оˣ򽪵Լ
ȴЩ˵١Ŀǰ̨̬ƽ⡣
Ļݣ̨ǰԡ
УһҶһȶǡѡϵˣھֹⲵȨ
һЩ浱˹٣ҪôڳиҪôͶ£߹
ֽ㡣
ǵɹ٣ǾԶܳΪⲵˣҲֻʣһѡ񣺼Ӧ棬ȴû취ƽ
Ǿȣ潪³Ҫһֱͣ죬ǳȥѧŵٻѧ¡
µѾժȥˡ
ûýǴǰѽеժ¥һһεİеԵʡ
ȻǼ򻯰ģҲˣ˵ҸǹλǾͲôҵģҼǸĹ١ΪǼҵģҲŲܸǹٵ
ͷˡȻȻǲЩΪʲôҪ٣ΪʲôҪģ˳ˡ
ȻЩ˺ܷͲǲҸ߽㡣
ֽôܾЩˣҪǲĻԹޣҪΪЧ
һһϲͨĻȥˡ
صһƨɾһۡǿæ˸ӣ
ý뽪ʶһ˿ԵϲҸǡ˵˺ö໰ңһ㶼û͸ĸһظĽ͸
Ȼ»ǲ֪ҵģҺáδ䣬ͻȻеۿȳӿڽǵĲ䣬ѹʣġĶҺã
ܽ뽪˵ٶ飬һֱûʵСʵ˴˶˵ã˭֪ж຦£
סôôĹȴ˽뽪һ˶š
ǴȴЩÿճһȺЦĹŮ˿Ŀ֡
кܶͬ飬ȴֻ
Ǵθ̫һ𱻽ʱԼоˡȷʵ
㿴۾ðŭú£Ҳȷʵ¡̫ʱһԿţȴû˿飬´ţһأȴĵһ졣
㵱ʱı飬ͻȻ׽һ˵Ľ㿴ʲô˼
ΪͰûа̫ӷϡ
ע⵽ҲһżЦû㷢ŭ
ȴΪŭ
󣬽ָһ飬ߵˡֻģ˶ǶԴľη
ɡǹ¸̫ӵġ׵˵
˵ԣԸҪ
¸̫ӣ̫ҲҪһˡ
̫ӱҪҪˣĲ֮
Ҳø˷
˵ʹ͸̫ӡʹͣǷ
ˣʹȥȻ˭մȾĶʲôĶأ
³
ɻʵ۴͸ģеģʵ۶ջصģڽϣҲƸ
˵֮ҹɫѾ
ڵſڡ
ãĶ𣿡ʡ
ڿռŵĵڣ仰һ䵽оɢˣʧ١
һ£Ȼҡͷôô˵ǽһУ
ܵǽģôܷ˵ǽĶأⲻ͵ߵ
ǣ˵ˡСǡ
ĿŽ˵ҪԶô룡
а¶ģгһգ㲻ˣһλ
˭˭
Ҳ˰ɣ
ĺɫĺϣ̵ֵܵĴӱ뿪̨
˵һ
һֱڲͣŴĻ·е˲ˡ
Աߣ˵𣿡
֪ҡͷ˽̴ô˵ġ
˵ҲǴĻ
ԡ˵
Բ˴Ļ󣬼ЩϧϸƷ֮ȴ̲ס˷
˻꣬ǲȥһ˰ѸղŴĻԭһĹٳȻǹλ£λǹµʦѣϣλܳþõŹ¡λԴЩʱա
ϧǰⲽλᣬλȥҲȻίΣֻλాλĲѧ¶ķЩӹ١򽻵ͷǺεȵĿϧ
ϧ۾µλڹ߾ǹµѣˣɴۣ±ĿϹһ㣬λķ֣λڹµߣʹ²ڼһϹӡӡ
ºУԽȻЩ⣬ҲʧΪθ֮ԡӦЩ˾͹ˡ
ֻҪʱܰסǾͿԡЩôӦİɡ
ſܷࡣ
Ϊƭ˵ģӴĻת뿪Ͷš
Ϊĵģ֮ԸԸµһ֡
һΪƭ˵ģԸ£ŽĻƶġ
һ˺͵˶ãֻеڶûʲôô
һֿΪ䣬ܱ벻뵱ˣԵá
ֿԵɱ˳ܺá
ڶ־ζˡ
Цڶֿλһλӣ벻ʱʲô˺ʣȷôһȥôѷӪˣҲñռȥˡ
Ц˾ã


319 þ
ô˵, ƺǴⲻǹˡ൱һ˻ȥ, ǲ뿪ֳǣתͶ£ⲿ, ֮һҽˣ֮һȥҽ, ֮һȥҹˡ
ⲿȫˣҲȫˣԥһ¡˶ϳȥˡ
ùһıһĺһðԤЩ, Һñ˵, ȱ, ЩͶЧˣҲûʲô
ֻ˰£Լ˸ˡΪͶµѾʼˡ
³, ǸͻȻӿӱǺǴӵصð, һҹ֮ʹܵõǡ
еĽɻ, ׾ٵľͳˮĹؿǮ, ˾ߡ
ؿפ࣬ۼزס͸Ͻš
ֳĻ̡̻Һ, ֳ뷮ǰؿ, û˵ǴĲˣԶ֪ǲģ
ֺܶ˳ֳӿͲϡˡ
ܾˡο͵µķ, ׼
ǡǴ죬ǶյĻˣŶӵʱֲôˣ˾͸ôҳԵˡ˵
жԣǿڻıܡ
ֻǲ֪ж٣ϣװ¡
ڷǵһôֳǵĸѹ빨Ʋ⣬пܵһ
ǵƾֳúܽ
ֳܶǣֳҲδܶ򷮳ǡҪ֪ѾʮûˣڳһҲ
ԶԷ˵ֻҪ󣬶ȡֳǻܣشֳȴûôѡ
Բڵ
ҵڷǲ˶ٱֳǲ֪ġ

ذɣû֪³ǳص˶ٱ
㵹ǰλһ£ǸԸ㣬ֳǲǮҲףֳǵĴ־ŻǮٶԼǮٶҲãûдǲܵġҲһζûãֻĹԼԼţһã˷־췴ַֺõҲ˸ɡ
Ҫ췴
Ʋⷮǲر಻ᳬʮٵĻֻ߰
δӷӿɢǸֱ۵Ʋⷮڻжٱ
ЩҲɱǿѱġ
ΪЩķȥ
ÿ춼ЩǰƺƵķȥ˴ѵ˵Ŀ⡣ֻмһȻֳ
ʱҪֳ˳ˡ
鷿תȦһƪ£׼ġ
˶֪ˣЩµ˲ݷѹȻ˵ǿ۹£Ǻβô˻һأ
ףдһ룬ŵʣ磬Ŀ𣿴𣿡
˵㶼ûдôֻ֪ҪԼţǾͿƪȥ˵㶼ûţҲдˡ
˵ҾǵġֻǶ飬û£ҵ𣿲Ǵ𣿡
±ʣҾûʲô
ԥ֮ɫǴϲ𣿡µĿͷΪҲ³񡭡
յ£ǵīˮЩ¶дúܰ׻ڽǵָ£ǿƪͲٶˡ
˵ȥһɣ
Ӧĵ㲻˵Щ˵¶дĶҲǸҵģȥ㣬᲻
Ц˵ֻ빫Ϊ⣬ֲ͵ô
˼ǲңӲͷƤֶƪҲȥˡǴʱһΣĴЩͶȥժ¥
ûϵȻ̡Ǿˡ
Цͷý£һЩͶġ
ͿһôģһӾͿˣſ˸ͷʱͰһѶˣ
ɨһ̧ͷͿԲ۾һԣŵõͷ
˵Щдöһֲðȥ
ǵƪ˵Щдݲγӡúܣǿ
Ǻͽʶ֪治ϣڿλãĶϹ컹ӡ󣬸ȤĻܼǵЩֻҪ飬ǿ˺ǰ棬һһ䡣ˣһӡû
ӭϽȵĿ⣬ݺģͷûᡣ
ֻúһ
֪ëû취е˾㽪ҲѾǴˣְλǲԴġ
˵Ҳʲô⡣Ⲻ͹㶼ýǸĴû˭̨úøġ
˵Ϊ˳ƵĴء
ЩͶ˵Ķһ˼ô绯ȥлЩҪͬǣҪǣҪǡ
ǶӶҪǳԵġ˭Ǹ
ǶҪ·˭Ҳǡ
֮ûһΪӦøֵġʲôʱԴŶǹܡ
̫һߵˣýе㲻ס˹󣬹ЦŶǵٵؾ
˵Щڴߵģǲǹ٣ֻܷۣô۲ԵǺҪأ
һ߳
˭һأȻڵٵˣԹΪ׵̨䡣
ǲǵĽġֳѣ˭Щģǲԩ֮ǲǿֳǣ
ǹ˼ˣܲô׾ֱɱȥأɱ
صޱȵļᶨѾ׼ɱˡ
ͷһӦľ纣ͽǶûûرȨ
ⲲԸ⣬ƼԼ˵
ߵҲǹѾ˽¿ˣǾЩ˶ɷɣϴԡ
ԭˡֲôһ¡
е£ʹ㣺б𣿡
ĿǰֳǵıڽıӦѾɢˡ
еıֻͽģǹⲶȥ
ڳӭеı
ǽ֪ġֳЩҵĵϸ
ûвر
Ǹֳ֮ĳǶʲôϵ
Ҫǹⲣ᲻˻ú깨ðһͷأ
ͷС˵ֳǹϲܲرԶߣһвر
ܲɫֳΧ𣿡ʡ
أʡ
˶һ񣬶Ц
ҡ˵
ҲҲЦ˵
ºǹģ˵ǹ֪¡
ˡ
ºϦԵЩʵ˴Ȼܿ˺͹ŮͺȻţȻڡ
ûֻ֪йʹ
һ̨ףߵƫ
ȴһˡ
ⲵסĶ̽Ų˳ȥ߳һˡ
νϿһɫĳۣһãܡܡ
һƨˡ
΢ЦſⲲ˶վڴǰʱȷ˲ǹǻˣ
ôţðһ䣬Ȼ󿴣ҲŰɣ
ƣӦЦͻ໹ôȤ¸㡣
ҲһĶҪߣҶˣǹңңţ㣡ôţ
Ϊһֱû֣
㺬ЦдģҺ͹ô㶼ûºһֻ̽Լ㣡


320 
㻹¸ⲵĴ̼̫ˣҶεûӦԶһг
ֻһ㡣
һȫƾϡԴǵ
Цڹ, ڹ, ֡
ⲵвⲨ㿴ĵͣյý, ҡͷҽδ, Ҳʲôˡ
ƵΪùֻҪ֪ڴʱ, ûм棿Ϊ𣿡
ʰѹⲶϵĺʳˡ
ˣͷ
վڴǰĿ
̨׻ͷ, ֻܿԼӰǸ˹ȻڽºУҼˡ
ҵСͯˣȻҴҵĽŲ, žͿ۽һ·ӰŵϽվܵ£⵲˵·
˺û, šôţôţһƵĹȥˡ
Сͯıϥ£µӰãһϣ˿⸱ӡ
һҹû˯ţһǹ, һǹ㡣ĻһֱԺ
Ϊù𣿡
Ϊ𣿡
֡
, ϡ
ˣһֱŵıʿǹ㣬֪ʲô˹ڽºҳ˵, 깨ҲвĹߡ˵ں깨ϵѾˣǲ뿴㻹ŵġ
ԣⲲ뿴㻹ţǵ֧һ֪㻹ţֻãһСȫܹ㣡
뵽ⲵð˼ʮɱ˵ķ
ǣ֪Ըɱ˹ġ
ǺЦ̾ƭĳòҡ
ԭֻΣ
ɱǹ㣡ʱضùȡ

ޣ
Ⲵûôһˣ
Ҳûôһˣ
꣬һôС硣ںԸΰʵֻǾ֮ܡֳǣᵽ˳⣬ʱʱҪͷʲôܡ
ڣᵽںᵽĶ
ɱ
ûڹϸܵɱΪ빫ȡ衣
ڲŷ֣Ҫɱһֱô롣ֻһֱûкʵĻᡣ
Ϊڻù⡣
ʶĺë˯˯ˡ
Ц֮ǿЦǰǹ𡭡Ǹ̳ǻͽһǷֳ꣬ǵĹ
βһ
գڵ˹ⲡ
ôһģ֪ңʱ䷴Ӧֻ´ʱѾͷˣ
㿴Ϲⲣ˼ãصڣߵľǱ˳͹ⲻλӣȲ˭٣ºĴûҵֳˣӴˣ޷һ졣
ôһ룬үͦƽġͨϼһ֣˾ͱˣ˵Ҳ;ͬ顣
ϾԼ֪˵Žȥ˳ɲţ˵ٷݺŹǲԸĽģĽԸⱻ˹ա
ⷽŹӿҪһ£ɱ
ӹҩзЦ˰죬µһŮµҸΪУҪȳŸ
¶ҩȴӦɱ˹ͷֱɱңΪô𣿡
ⲵҪʲô
֪ȹĴֳǣպվԹΪˡ̫ӵԱֻ¾ͲضˡĽҲ壬ͱֻ꣬Ҫռֳǣ˻Ҳκβ㡣
Ź㣬Ҫʲôֱ˵ǡ
ңܸʲôҿֵֵá
ЦܷȥȥؤҵϹҵ۾ҵͷٴҵֽţȥˣ
֪óôǲæģҧԸҹӵܣҸΪҵ취
˵Ҫ֧ݣٵ㡱ˡ
ǵһ䶨һǱס
ⲱƵʣ㵽Ҫʲô
ָ˵Ҫⲡ
ˣ㡭쿪
üΪβУѾˣΪβһݣұ㡣һ£Ҫ˵㸸ײС
Ŀɿڴʵû뵽ϸ˼ҲȷʵǹܱססλΨһ취
أãȻΪһԸó֮λк깨ϵĳ֮λǹŵĳӣպǺֳ֮ǹ֮ףĴ
ĺӣΪʲôҪã
ҩһΣΪǳùϵΪһ֮£֮ϵİ֮ס
ⲲʣҪΣ
ЦԴӴ֮Ը
ҪԻĿ
Ժ󣬽ӵ
Цúܵ⣬һְ̯Ѷҩ
ҩ򿪣Ͳ̵ָۣܲڵ϶˼񡣹ڿǡϵã
Ͽε֮һ
ǡ˵
Цŵͷԡ
°ѹǰʹ㣺˵𣿡
ͷᡣΪ˹ңô
ֻ̾ܲһˡ
գһҹһľͽº
ľУһֻӣƬ촽
㲻ɵø̾ҲԶΪĸ
ڶգ͡ˡ
ֳƶϳĲǶۣŶڴϲ
㿴̾ҲһѪ
һۣǹǣҾˣҲǱѪѪ
ŮҲҪ˵໰
סգ۾һСŮĽ̬Ҫȥð
ҪҵҰѱںδ
չⲽֳǣһת۾ͶӰˡ˵ǶͻغˣǼ٣Ƕ֪
빨һֱһҲֻܺȥ
齲ôݵһͷͻ̽Ǳġ
ѾˣѾۼһЩˣЩ˻ۣԸвʱⲺ͹ݵģҲǾ͵ʱ
ֻҪǰұ߾СѾ¼Ʋˣ뻢Ѩеġ
֪أҵġ££ɢϵ㷢
ס֣Щ
ЦҵĺϢ
գգۣ嵽ҷ֣ͻı촽û٣᲻
Цһġ
±Ӻ촽ֻ֤һϸĹӵܡ
ûУһϸİչϡ


321 ǽ
ݽ²⣬ڽǰ, ̲סġܰס, ҲԶںĹû취ȻûҲ֪ڹؼʱԼӳԼںһ򵥡
㲻ֹһε̾, һ, ںԽ, õĺôԽࡣ
Ҳȷʵˡ
Ͼ깨ΨһһдǡرİˡҪǲû취, ҲΪĸ󻼡ʱǶԷۣˡ
ʱⲿ, ҲɵİաԹ˵붼ûˣ㹨ұɱ˸ɾ, ˣֻһڵֳ֮꣬ǻʲôɵңǽͽǼ䡢ġңһŮ, Ǿ͸ˡԹⲡ顱, ֻڹϸӵУӦŶԡ
Ϊʱ̨ȫⲲŻŲŻһηŶӽֳǲһ
ԶȹҰġ
ŷŹ˴ֵġ㵱ʱûĵһ, Ҳûعζˡ
²⹨ϽĶпǵȽ׺˵ޣһҪ޵ȥһϣֻҪɿҲɲС鷳
㲻ޣҲҪĶԼɿʿʴûûÿѮ͵̨¶˭ڿÿ˰ôյġôġ
ÿһǶʣԹܡֻҪ޵УȨͱסˣҲ̨֮ڣͻӣֻ̨ܸС
ֻҪ鷳Ǿͻ鷳Ϊܹڽºɽȴû취ӦԹ䡣
ʱΪ˻ȡ̫ƽƱҪԹϸЭãֻҪͷա
鷢չǸزԲߣֲѹϴ
õİ취ٿһȡ
ӣֻӡϸֻΣԶ׼˵ǵвΣͲˡ
Ҫڽº빫̸۹¡ڶһѵԴڴˣҪýһģԲԲ£ҪԹ󳼡
֮󽪵ƽҲֻ뽪Ȩķз磬ȨڽС
Ҫìܿ뽪֮䣬빫֮ìܣ빫֮ìܡ
ȻҪҪʵ
Խ˵ĲˣǸమˣ̥ᡣ
ֲԸⱻ˷ֳͼװԴһƸҩ
ƱҪһֲĶ̥ҩʱʵеȰҲ̫Сҹ۹ѳʱȸ̥NʵģӲҩ¡
ܣҿǡ
¹ϵشܸ˾֪ڶ࣬ġ
ͬʱѽİ԰ץˡ
˶²԰̥ĸס
ʵѡΪ˵ǹ˸
˸
Ӹ˵˸Ȳϰ԰Ҳǹ԰԰Ǹܽ׵ˣ˻ԣ׷̫Ϊ֪ǲһ̾ͻ⡣֮ߵƢˣѹ֮ͻȻ֮˹ƣ˳¡
Ϊ԰Ծ̳壺ң
ʤŰ԰ģΪ˵ѣ㡭
˭
˸ӵߣµ٣һҪժ¥С
ĥɹ˸ǰͥʱò
˵һС
+˺+Ĵ̥+ˣļһ𸡳ˮˡ
˸Ǻܻõġ
̸һס
ðҸкӵĸףҴӦһ¡˵һ˼һ
˸ʣڣ
Ժ֪
֮󣬹˸ҡһ䣬ʱӵܣ˷ӡ
㱧٣ϵѩ׵£һСߵժ¥ǰʱժ¥ĹŮ޲ա
˵ԸʱҲڳĽϣ¶µʱҲûʲô˶ܴ̬Բһη£ʱôժ¥ˣʿӣˡ
һŮ֮ǣΪۣе
еĺӣڹ˸Բоͳ˺ï֮һп
̨ѾϷˣͿĹܲܳȥ
ڹҵĵУ˹ⲽĽŲ
һ鲼¶۾ڱǡλϡɼѪͻɫ͡
ʣͻ࣬ҪǵҩȣúҩĻ˿˻Ҫ⡣
ⲵƵĴ鲼󴫹죬дԹ˸˽飬Ѿ̥
ƽ˵ǼٵġûȤ
ģȴš
㷢ˣȻ򣬴Цͻ࣬ùΪضˡʵû¶ֻǷҩӣԲԣҸ㣬û˽飬˴ԣΪ¶¡
Ⲳ˵
˵㲻ҲûϵԵȵԺҵĻô˵ģڱӹⲣڳЦ
Ҳ֪ܵȡǹ񶾵ĵطûһѹ˶ùȥͻʱ䲼á˶ϷǹһѾڰźˡ
㶺㲻ţβ̨һۣ
ôҽ̨
Ŀˣҽ̨͸ɱڣ¹Ĵ̿ɱ϶˯Ҫ齱߲ĸŸұ۾
ıһÿֻ׷ڹ󣬴ûп
ʱ䣬Ҫˣ㹨ֳаҲұ֤̣
ڸô죿
㿴Źⲵһ˫۾ת˵ͻ࣬׺ڣҺʱ԰ݼף
ⲱһӿŭѾȲҪȡˣ
ΪͲ׵ڵ㣿
ǹϣ͵ұˣ׵Ҳ⡣Ц˵ʵ㶼Ȱ˵ֳǡҪֳ֪ǿǿյģûڱ
ⲵɵûУ̨ر㶼ˣ
ҲŲˣһνкοɾ壿˽ȥ壬˷ףֻҪǰնͷγշˣ˵϶ҪѴ̫ץģԽԽлᷴ㡣ҿɰ㲻Сţٸ죬ͻˣ̫Ҳˣʱ㹨ϿһֳҲλ
˵ԽԽҡԽ˵ֳץ̫ӣԽӱܡ
ùٴ˹˶ηһ붼Ǵ治繨ⲣɱ£ô֣ʱʹɶаҲԳôλҲԽΰ̨ҡ
ҹλʱҲʱ룺һл
ȥźкڣǵģΪ֪ûйӣٹʮ꣬Ҳδ
ܻܿôһֱţٷҲţֱȥٰͰʹλ
ųߣ߳ȥǻ԰ȴǽƣ˶뻨԰ժ
ȫͬ˼뾳硣
ͬҲΪ
ⲳȥˣ㻹ǱڵͷֻһȰƴĴͨ磬һмʱһս
ȻֻԼȻţ͹ʧܡ
ڴţһʼ˵Ƕηºֲˣٺһֱţˡ
Ͱ˶ϳȥ̸̸Ͳˣ˰Ѵᵽժ¥
˵ǲҵģǰᵽ˵ĵȥסӾ͵ߵˡҲʲôԡҰȥΪʲô᣿
ˡ
ҲŰˡ
˶ˣЩ쵽ıˣˡ
ֵܵ˶ˣǱڹʱ֪Ϊᵽժ¥ˣϲ˹ȥԴʱˡһ֮󣬶޷ܣ
ǵһ쳳ŴֻмΧۣڶ쳳ų졭
ϵ˶֪ˡ
ⲵȻҲ֪ˡ
񡭡ܡ
жˣ
ǲš
Ӧ˵һлô˳
ˣҵʱ
˵̫˵ϡҲ˵űӴö࣬ҲصĶ࣬Ȼͻ˴ϢǾûг䶨֮ǰǲֳ˰Ǹһ˵ġ
ʵû취һ˾ôҪ£ҪҪһȨ
ײڣĹֲš
ֻܿԼ
ǣڳһϢϽ˰Ϣͻժ¥
ӵֻȷڻɱˡ
վڹǰʱȻܽţС˵öнţź깨ϵ죬˵ǡġ
Цˡ
͹ҪĽ
Ⲳҽ̨ɱץ߽뽪ֻҽ˻ùϵıӹֳΧ
ҲǺı󵨵£ֳѵʱ򣬸ǶӦɱ
ڣֳΧȫұıÿԹİΧֳǣֳԺʲôʱ߾ͺ˵ˡ
ǹϵıⲵĺԺЩҪ
ǰû
ڣϵıɰתҲصĽ䱻˰ɱˣΪĵѾվˡ
ùϺͷǵұһ֮Ҫٽ˸һá


322 Χ
Ⲹմӵ˵ˣæܹȥ, ֱĿڰǰ󷹳Եʱš
壡ˣſصȥһΪˣ
һѽӵһԣȰǿ鲼ˣ컻ҩû
, ˹ŵ鲼ȡ£һ˺ۻѪ˿û취, ǻ᲻ͣĶ, ڱôҪĵط, ôˣ˿һֱûܳá
Ⲷͭ, ¡ƶˡô˰
ںʣµķȫԾ̬Цã², Լǿúܣ
ʮǰڹⲸ̸֮˻ؼšΪºȻһܾ, ݣҲ˵þõġȻ׵˵ø㣬Ҳֻհ졣
ȲϹ, һ׵뻻أֻҪ, ոӣ˳
֮еСˡСꡢСġ
󣬰ڸˡҹͣ˹ŵĻţŰ졣
׵ôˬ, Ҳû뵽
׵Ű졭Ⲿ¸ҵ׼Լˡ
׳׼ҩġмŮһøˣصǲˣ
ٵžӣ¸ҵĻ˵һ
Ȼ۵໵һֱеĵҲˣҲˡ
ڲȥŸϴ裬·ٳԸͷֹⲷˡ
Ҫģƨɴɰ˰Ź֣
ҺòǡĿҪܵñӶ죬̫Ľĺ
ҲԼ²ˣѪ޶ҵᣬķҲŮҩˡ
Ҫ
ǰһ벻ͨԼŰ죬ԼŰ죡ⲻôͰԼˣ͡ͲԼ㣿㣡ô
㲻Ҫˣ뵱ˣ㶼Ҫˣʵ󶼻ɹǲӻˣ˭ܷôöԸԼأ
ھ˭Ҫû˴Ӧûȥǰȥг֪Ҫۿһ˻ۡ˼Ҹ㿪ۣô۶ᣡ
԰
Ϊʲôۣ
ⲱΪԼ׳衢жԼΪ깨ز˭ܱУǧţ
еһʣԹﾴ
񱻺ӵĹһϴ񣬻عζˣٶͭһգ͸ĳǣ֮ӡ
Ҳøȹ³ɺ޼һ飬һ㲻İѹץιˡ
Ȼˣͱˣ
ûеһʱɱҲ˵ŵ˼㻹þȲɱԹţһ˳һССĹҲͲΪˡ
˳
˳˳Ⲷٵһ
ıû˿˳˳İؿУΧֳǣ̨һֱĬţһѾ֪Ϣˣİն˵ˣɲǴǹûӦ
жˡ
жеźôͱˣʵԲһŮӣ޹ش֣¹̨ҲһŮΪѣֻҪ޳ȥˡ
ֳǱðࡣ
ȴܵúܿ졣ʵ֮ǰ빨õúܶ˶òʵΪϵǰδȨµĴúܣҲֻһ˫֣ߵҲһȺˣĴôܻǹĶ֣
һΪԹ̽ù򲻸ˣͼذ֡
һΪʵΪ󽫾뿪ֳǣɽʷбĻϲôͶ֡
ͬȴҲֻͬѣߵЩڶ֪ȥˣ֪ˣǱץˣѾɥˡ
ڼдŽգ˭Ҳòʱֵߵͼǿ̽һЩϢǶʧˡ
ΪӦ취ȥһٲôΪǡȫǽͷݣһΣվˡ
˵ȥҵȥȥֻ䡣˾Ϳȥ
ˣ硭
˵úÿǰɡ
临ӵĻԼķ䣬˼ǼгӣδҪ쵼ǲڴʱһȥðյġ
ϣȥİɣ
ѩ̿ùʱܲһг嵽ߵ˲ǴҪˣҲΪŵˡ
㲻ΪңΪԼһҲֵõģ
ϧ飺ǿͨȥҴ
˶ô˻³Ϊĸ֮ˡѾůڼ粻ܻأҲǵ˴޴ȥ
ϧ޳ɣ̫ðˡ̨нɵҲû֣Ҳ̨ͭǽڣǲܽȥġ
һ취дһƪͽȥô
ʱ˿̣ҲֻðͶˡȻҲðգҲܱ֤һܿǵͶ飬ˣһټǣ˵ǾͿԳɹصˡ
˱飬֪¡
̨֮ȴôš
в㹻˿ֲࡣֻ̨ǧ˶ѣ浽Ƴǵһ죬ǧ㹻˸ȥˡ
ֻǳô˻뽪˵Щѡ
ŽգϢ뽪ķӦȴͬ
ûûΣ㲻ţЩˣΪЩһΧ˶ˣҲˣֶᣬˮӾҲθƳɵˮǱˮء
ЩˣʼŽ뽪ոŽȥȥԽʱȻе㵨η壬ҲܳźúõĴк
ϧͶͽˣ뽪һ𿴣Ͷһ͸Ȼʱ񣬵ʱרˡ
ϧͶûʲôʵĵطǴҡרȨ˰ƪͿʼģʾѾ֪ˣڼҲҪˣʲôҪˣҪһһ潪ңڽβʱ˵ԸͿأЧûΣյȥţ굽̨æȥɱ򡪡ѡ˵е㺬ǰôᶨǶԸɡ
˵ĶǼٵġ꽪Ľ;ôˡ
Ϊʲôô˵Цʡ
˵ֻ˵̫һѸ壬û˽ô˵˵еѾΪ̨Ժ󣬴ûͬ飬ûѧ˽
Щڡ̫䵭ǸˣèΪԺȣһȫĻ㹻ˡ
˰˵һ䣺˵۽Щ̫Ĺάһ䣺Һãǰ˵
ͷȻ˵˵ĻǼ٣˵ǻ˵ѵġֻҪҪʲôܲƶȥˡʲôأ
ʲô
ҪϧΪ°˵㣬ʲôУ
ĲҪʡ
ͷԡˣ
ҪǣǲҪ¡˵ú㣬Ҫʾǵİ͹ġ
Ǹ⣬ѽΪסˡʱһ඼ڶŽʱϧ˵˼ǲҪ£Ҫô˵
뽪ʶܰͿΪ˹ץ
æ֪ô˵
ͽֹ
Ҳȥ𣿡ﲻ֪ǲԽˣͽ̡ϻصˣѾ֪ˣֲúһ㣬Բȥ
˵̫ӣԸʱȥҲҪʲôܰʲô²ܰ㲻ܰҵرǹҵ
ڽ̵
һΰûиͽʲô˺ǶԼˡ̫ӲǴ̫֮ԻΪ̫ӣΪλϺʣΪʱҪһ̫ȶơ
ΪϲΪҪ
̴ôȴ̫ô̫ӡ
ǰΪֻǸ裬Ǵˡ
̫Ӳǰ衣
뽪ֻôû׹
ϣ


323 
˱ӣʱû취ǰڻǹıˡ
Ϊû취ְ, Ҳ, ֮˶ԼͬĴʧ״̬
ʱ̻˵, ʱһ, ֳǵҪֹˡ
ȷʵǺı, ûʵģ˼Ҳ˺ܴƣ, Ŀֱָǡð񡣵Ȼ˶֪񵱽, ֳǸפ
ʮŲˣô˽ʤʵ
װҶµ, ϾڴȻˣһңǴ˹̨ʤ߽ȥʤ, Ҳˡ
װûˣ
ôװأ֪֪Թ۵˵ȵúĽҶΪӮ, Ѿ̬׼ˣŶҲˣ㵽׼˼
ҲĽܼ˰ÿžӿһɫġѪʱ۵ĸֱ, ˮһ˿ĵۣرһ˵һЦһޡʲô飬ֻҪƤһ֪ĸԣ˿ھѿһʺĿӡҪ죡
ܳԷʹѣҲѣȡпյ«έܣԳԶˣ
ôġ
ҲԳżˣϣǵˣټĿǰֳǵĴԣֻҪҳǰͻ̳ΪɱϵףñһϾԶҲժ
ô˵ɣ곯ʱҶһҲû浶ǹһָͷǻǳλǰ¡
ŵ˳֣ǹϾͻ̳ԳΪ³һ鳼һˣһ
Ҳǰˡ
ǧţǲԸġ
Ҳֻùˡû뵽һȫĺð취ϵǰʱˡ
ۼ̬ʼһ̫õķȥߺ壺壬ҵɣʵĴͲҡͷ˵˼ǣɹԴֳ
ܼҪģһ˳ǹҵѹȨˣԽʱԽҪ˳
ʱԴ˵ǶС²죬ʶǳһλԸܰġѡ˭أðһˣҰװһԹʣˣ˭
ȥ룬ǣ룬ٴǣǼΪѵºĻҵٵֳˮɡ
϶̲סˡڲն˼ӰѶ¶ˣװ׵ĳֽһС
׵ôô죿˰ɡ
͵û
Ⲽһ̾Ȼˣ̨ƨҷţȻû˹̫ӶΪ尡
Ȼˣʲôµģ
ٵҲûʲô
Ĺĺȴˡ
ǵĲǱˣֵΪ׵ʿӴλʿӺʿӵĵүү塢ӡ̫̫
ǾūԾ컻صˣΪЩݡ
ⲸǵΧֳǣܴ򡣿˵ؿְܲɣαְܲɣԺܷЩͨգЩαأ
οʿӴ帽
ҪȥʿӴɻ޽⸽ĵ·˸שʯľʳʲôġ
Ͱ˸ץˡ
û˹ܵġ
ץ֮˳·ʿӴҲץˡ
Ѿôͱˡ
ôʿӴʿвмһͨ־֮ʿ˶ȽǣûǻʿӴͬм俶˴վɰѲһ
˶󣨣һִߵкܶʱܻԼ뵽ȺУȺԽԼһһΣոǱϡˣͬһðķգһʱһʱ䵽Լϵľˡ
ʿӴ嶼Ⱦָ֮½ǵĴŮһҵܵľӪǰַģ
Ӫһ顣ӪҲˣӪ
ϾʿӰֳֹһǵʿӣ˵ЩĶĶУɳȫ³ȥˣ˵ء
ӪнǸ±˵ҴϵĶ̣Χֳǰñ갡ðɣϵĶ̱Ƚ϶࣬һʱҲ꣬汻ʵϣСϵ˾ˡ
˼ȥֻܱӪ
һӪƲãһҹ͵͵ӪˣжѸֱӣⲵ֪ô֪ܣǸ֪㲻ҲܣطӪˣҪվ𣿡
סһˣ
Ⲳҹˡ
Ǹ˵ģŮѾ谮С檡
ӪҵָʾҲһҹӪ֮󼪣Ϊ׷ĲˣӪԽһӪʿ飬ͷߣ治ֱץˣǺôӪӳȥ˲𣿶ôǣ
˵ȻеûӣҲе㵨С󿿲ס˾С
ܿͽӵ˷ֳȥһ⵽ϴ٣ǧˣһ
ⲼæȥѰֻѰɽҰʬסԵģһȺǱ˰Χ󣬲ܽҪһɱġ
ô£
ֳǸʱôһȴ֪
ǽ𣿡ⲵԲ˫ĿĶĶ
û֪
û֪ǲǽ䡣
͵Ϯһʿȴܺò£ǳ塣
ڹ빨ԼǰѾʮˡǶɢڸҰУʳʩᣬ޴һȺˣҲûϣҲûǷϣǻȥץūأҲû
ڹⲷˡΪץˣ˾һɢȫˣ˺ͷǸðα㼯һ
ֲЩֳԭЩġ
Ҳû취ҵصĵˡ
֮£ֻΧ񣬿ֳԹҲʮˣЩǽıǴ롣
ƫƫıͱ˵ıһıûзֱ𣡶ǲͷϴ費úô·ģ
׷ˣûҵÿ춼жֱΧɱˡû취Χֲȫ۳һѸɱ߼ˣǱ߼ʮ˵һСһСţҲÿضһһȥ׷ˣƱҪֱǡ
ɱĴҲδûкô
鱨Ҳˡ
˵ģǰ̽
̽ʲ϶˵ûһȥˡ
ԭǷǵˣⲽסȭͷޱ顣
ڵϣΧ˻ɻţڵЪϢ
ڽߣЩ¡ΪѹĻһ˵ɫͺܲÿѾìͷˣǰìʬϵģдͷβģҲɱ̫࣬ìϵġ
Ž»ϵì⣬಻еð亹૵ǹĽΣգ˵ֻҪڰȷǵıָʤٴȥǴһپˡ
ɨȥһۣබһ£ֱĳһ䣺ǹġ
أ
Ϊᵣ
ڳУ߻нͽҪˣҪͲ
˵жˡҲ˵׵ˡ
ֻȥ

ȴҪȥ
ժ¥У˸˵˺Χǵ£˵ʿӴ˷˳ͻòá
Ѿ׹ָʱˡ
ڣ
ǹ˼Ҫϴˢϵõİ취ȥĺ
˼뷮ǵ岢ıĲ룡³˶ΪҪıҪֳǣ
Ϊ˼Ҳûϣˡ
û뵽깨ϾȻôš
ȻټϷеıδǺ깨ϵĶ֣һڣһ棬ɹϣȴ˵󻰡
ϲҪӮֻ꣬Ҫ̬Ϳˡ
ֻһ޷ͻ
һڹ֮𡭡ġ
һ٣Ҷˡͷժ¥¥˴һɫ˿
߽ժ¥ʰ׶ϣ¥ŵŮͨŰɫɴ£ֻϵһɫɴ͸·ܿļļȰɴס
˸û߽ϯض٣ŮףϹԸΪ١
˫ɫ۾峺͸һĸζ˱
ЩЦ˵
˸ѹסԾģ٣


324 Χ
˸̨ˣϢȥʱǱȥ, ˡˡͳͳû, صʱסԺʱֻʣĴ, õһ, ˸, ǸˣžǺ¡
˸һ, ϴһûʣ¶ȫ, 궼ûʣ¡
㶼ˣ˸ǲԾ
õһȥͲǶ˵ˣ, µûǮԷƫƫֳǵʳͷһףеҵ׵˼, Բ𡪡ǿ, ڽϻСڳлƽǧšǮʳӡ˻ӭľשֹ߽ˣǿڼкʵĵطһؽ
ǹ˸ӽϼģССһ, ڽֽǣ˸Ա߾ΪڿϡͬϴΪӶۣԶʡġ
˸ͰСӸ˼ңϴɾ󿴾ֹҲûĸģ缮ᣬһ֪˸㷸ѣūû취ҵĸڳſڹ궼ûңƲǱˡͨһ뿪磬ӲǹĻԼ߶ģٻؼҵĿܶСˡ
ǣ˸ȰԼĴ˻ؼұȥϷİԼĴˡ
죬Ψһһӡģֻǲ֪죬գǳǡ塢֡пǼҽֿһҵ̵֡
־ǹ˸ȤˣԼȡкӣȡлݺԱ˳ˣеҲǵĸĸȡ޸ĸСһԸӴ㡣
˸Źϣãʳ𣿡
̵ͷ쵽ңԭǴ齵ĵطһŲϯƿǿľ壬ͳһض
ûǮڵĵؽѣڹ˸ؽвʮʳ
˸ϲúÿһ٣ȥһ죬ôһٺ󣬰ڼУȥתһȦʣµʳ˸üǮһƥ
Ҫطˡ
ڳϳ˳ǣõһ˫۾Կ޵ͨ졣˵˸òʳȫˣõʱ۴ޣ̧ʳڵϲǹ˸ġ
Ҫؼˣ㲻ؼ𣿡˸
롣úһ˫ۣ岻˵ʱûٻȥ𣿡
˸Цһʱһʱ
ڰǱʳ֪ҪÿվͶץˣʡĶ˱ˣÿ
ǲʮǾˣһãһʿ˺һӾͷŹˣڶ˵㣬ǵƥˡ
һûˣſˡ
˸֪̾͸Ҫ¿ġҲΪʲôԸˣΪǱ¿Σա
һʮӣ϶ѪеѪˣжһӰεĲӬζѬ
ŵ˸ˣ˸ֵ󷽣ʵе㺦µġ±Щץȥ
һЦ¿ÿԳ⣡
һȺ˹Цﳤȥ
˸˿üǰߡ
ֵļľïʢͦ࣬˸˵ϳڣ͵ذһ伸СõĶӻǲģһ·̾͸Զˡ
죬ֳΧĻˡգǵõʱֳʱ⸽ǱŵֳȥİգɫȻҴң̬ȴУ·Ҳ̤ܿŮ
Źȥ£ȫˡ
ݴԼϡɼѪʬ飬͸β˺Щ󶼳ζ˾ӿ꣬ߵ⡣
˸֪ȥУ£Ҫҵһ˼ȥ취صǡ
ʱúܿ죬ÿ춼ˣмʮģҲмٸģһƬǧҲԶԶʹö㵽ݴˡ
ϵһǶ˱Ƚ϶࣬ഩųЯףף;жڴ򣬱˵ڰ˴ʮ˴ˡ
˸ùȥԶʺã򣬵Ǻ׾ȥˡ
һһ󣬹˸֪ЩԭסʿӴ塣ʿӴǻӭʹ塣﷿Ӱסˮ򣬴ʳǮǳ˼вȱǮӵ֮⣬Ҳв١
Ǻܲ١
ǼзӲסʿӵʮɡ
ǲɻģóͷµأִ߽žӡľⶼʡ˸ĺӣϾ͵ڿ˸޵׶ָǮǮǮС
ǼСʲĸĸȻ󹩸רĶѼҵ׶˼ҡһ˵ʿӴֺöټҰˡ
ôֹǴʳΧǶ˰ڲΪȥѶ׼̲ˣһȥ꣬˻ҪǮʲôҲǺܳߣ󣬸ĸϲȴδܳ
˸һˣɵøֻ̾ûϵһССʿӴôá
ΪʿӴȻģֺ³ˡңҲϲʿӴ塣
Ѹͱˡ
˸²һɿǲ֪˭˭Ƕһڹϵǽǡ
ʮ˻صֳլȻڿԪǳֳǣȴֻǸ΢еġͨա
ԷӵλòãЩƫطҲĳҲô
ĶǴʿӴӳˣҲֵ֮ǰշһ֣ȻǵĹϵҲá
ҪھԼҵֵܶѾؿԪˡ
ЩпΣ٣ѡֵܣյأҲһδӮϷ䣬ֻһФӵܶѡ
͵ܸ塣޵
Ҳ׷׳ޡ
ЦҴߵʱЩû˵ˣʳֻûϵֳԺ͵ģǰʱͰ˴ˣлֻŵù˺á
˵Ķԡ
е
³Ҳ޷𣡡
ȥʢһףǶĥȥ˿ǣѹ׵뼸룬˾ôץ
һʱҭʲȥǺĿ
ߡ治ⱲӶûӡķʲôӣҲ֣ɰһĶƽʱԵķΪζ̫Զúֹ̫ԶֱĶˡ
󻰵ȳԲȥˣռס죬ʵ֣дĻȡһۣ
˲ԼͬĶͣˡٳھٳڡ
Ҳķе룬ȥڵĹȡһľУǰ֣صĴ򿪡
ǵ͵̨ȡ󷭵棬ҾͿȻȥּ֣Щ׾ӣȷʵǴױʡ
ּͬС
°ãǣ飬ѣԣؾ֮գͬԻ
̶䣬ǰѲ˵Ṵˡ
ʵԴǣ˵ʱǶ̾䣬ǵʱгЦӣٿһ֣ȴǸĬԣºĴ
һ̨Ǻεȵĺ¡εȵĿ־壿ûзŭԹޣֻǰοǣǲҪģǱԼ
شޣǹϵӣȡ
Ҳ˫ѪķģزĹϣ
նݣ
æдҪУϵˣǻ־֮ͬˣһһ취ȴˮ֮У
˸ЩڷǸ֣ƽ˷ǡǳŽգسǵĽϳ˸ŷµȥ
˸ȵĿ¾ȻǧʿᣬʽѵϹҳˣЦҲҲӻؼұ֪˸ص˼ң˹˳֪ԭ˼ںԺͷһϴˢϵĺûᣡ
ѾСʤˡ˳Ц̫ˣһȺˣ͸ǽҫ
˸Ŀɿڴûдŵ˼ҾԼ˽ȥ
˳ЦֹǣҲ£Ѿˡ˼أûϳҲûбˡ˸ɫԣοʼЩͱܿˡ
˸˶ȥİѹĻ˵ˣ壬¿Ӧ𣿡˳ҲеԾǳԾˡ
Ӧˣ˳ʡ
˸ͷǡ
㶼Ӧˣѵһ˵У˳Ц漴ü̾˿һŮӡ
ǽ֮


325 
˸ջصһ죬˼˵󶼸ݷ, ˳ѹ˸ԡͰ, ٴɾȥˡ
治Ҫ˵˵˳¡ҲҪ𡣡
˸ȻѹĴ, ˳ȴ˼ǳڰ, ˳ˡ
һʱҲѯ˼, ˸ż˴Ҵҳżͣò, ǰȥľˣ֣Ҳϰ˷ľ, ǰôţԳһֲòܺĵȻ˾͸ˡ
˸Ǯԡšҵˡȫ
˸ȥһ, ʰá⼸ҲԼɫ̸Цһһ˷·𲻾Źֳĵùۡ
˸ĳΪ, һЩ鷳
һ˽ʣ˵, ɿʼ鷳Ҳøˡ
˸ûûУҼƽϰˡֻҲһЩʱգʱŻؼҡ
˰Űɡ
˸λҪʲô, ֱԣαؿ
ٷϻ˸ʹ󷽷ĸֳιŹ֣빨ڽӦġ
ѹΪص˵֪޷̨̤һ֪˺ˡηʼղһš
ˣɫϲ
˸¶յӵЩΣ˻ں겻ҲŲֳ˶ſ빨˭ȳȻܿ˭Ӯң˭ҡ
֮⣬ʵҲ֪ǴռϷ磬ǹռϷ硣
ԵѹϻѹǲҪҡ
ҪǼƳһߣ⼸ҷšƵøɸɾ⼸ҵ˰˳ɡ
Ǯҵ˵ʤֻҪƾУʤġ
żҵҲô˵ֻҪϲ˱ùû취ӹ֮Ҳǲܡ
˸Ա˵˵˵ȥ⼸Ҷһ˼빨ϴ򣬵ܴ˺
ʱ˳ˣԳƸղڽ̼С飬˺ӲŸϽ͡
йҲһǮҵ
˹ֳǣ̨ʣ¼ȻҲǲȥֳǣ̨һûСԹ˹Ļֵһġ
ȻȥҲûʲôֵǮϢ
⼸ڹ˼Ҵ˴ҹߣһߣ˸ϻ˯˳˻ȥϢɣ˵
˸ҡҡͷʣ壬⼸ôô룿ղžͷˡǰ˼ʲôҪһ˵ͨģ˻ðһġղŹ˳˵⼸ȴûˡΪʲô˳ЦΪҰʣµ˷ųȥġ
˸һֱˣɫ˲԰ף
ʵͻֳǸֵαǷðģҲ١оǹ˼ңǹ˳ֱʡ
塭̫ˡ˸˵
˳üʲôˣܾȷǣܾȹ˼ң
ԣȷʵǡ
ֳǲƣǼҾ־͸ǾͲ
˳˵Ǵһ·ǻ·ֺαع˼ɣЦǺǣΪǴһЩΡ֪֮ǹҾͲôհǰ˺ˡ
˸
֪˵ʲôβ̾壬ûǹ𣿡
˳ͷղµǹʱҾˡһǹģ÷û취ùҲû취˴˼ƣ빨ϻΪУʹ˸ɻǵ֮ǰʱǲŽӵҪǽ
˸ô᲻ǵãʱ˳ΪϲҪԸˣ빨ΪУ罻ùϣԾͷŹȥˡ
֮󹨴ҲȻû뷮Ϊѡ
ǰδɣһơ˳̾Ϣ
һΣɹˡ
ǰͶڷǸ˳Ҳǲٺôöˣоͳ˲г
ôȥʲôʱǸͷ
ҵ˾Ϊ˱ԹǼҿΡΪˮӵصΡҪ˽ǣȴд붼˺졣һֱǮȻˡ
οιкôûа
˳Ҳˣڲֹ࣬Ӱ죬Ҳ׵塣
ʹ˳պΪգɵð³ʲôһչ̫أ
˳ǾܻȴҲϲ߶ǡ
ϼ꣬˼ҲǱЩѪǱҳһܴ棬Ŵһȥͷ죬Ҫã
ǹ˳Ծˡðʱ;Ҫù˼һͷԣ빨϶Լ˼һ·
˵ʲôεģǾ˴
Ǵ˴ò׽ľ档ٹ꣬ӳɳڹƸǿʱδز빨һСֻʱûйˡ
ڹˡעƣηչͲ˵ˡ
ôˡ
һжǹļıǽҪôҲһˡ
˼ȴҪԱġ
˳Թ˸˵ȴӦ˹Ҫ˵Ҵ췮ǾȼݣȻҪǵãǹ
˸Ƭ̣ͷģ֪
ڶգǾԹ˼ΪףݵĴ졣
й˳˸ϭİѹһͨȻ͹İԼҵıĳźȥˡ
Ӫӵս󣬰Ӫߡ
ǲ
ˡǮԡŵϾ׷źֻ׷׷˾
˼κҲ˳
ǱҰģͼ죡
ͼ죡Ұģ
˵û˰˵ֳԱΧţģ
˵ǲģ
˵ҽˣ
˵ƨ㽻ЩĶģΧֳǵαĶģ
˵Ϊ˱ټĳ׳סڷǵˣ
ġǴӽڷͱ˿ʮˣЩʿڷǰ仧üˡ
Ǳͳף꣬ʺ˵
ƻˣٴΰӪˡ
һֱڳ⣬ź뷮ǵĶս»㱨ʱͰѽйһ
šˣ㣬ô𣿡
ôɱˣ
Ȼûǫ̂ڴô£֪һġСʱļҲйŽȥ̡¡һֱΪ̾͸һǹɺ뷮ǵĴȫô£
ЦͳĴ򷨡
۵ĿʷҲƵļء۴˴̣һǰ˵һƪڸҸɰɣʷĻǱͷͰˡ˻Ե·ˣ֮ر˸©Ǹ·ӢһͰݡ
ͷչһƵǰ򡣣ΪһڿǰҪȰǱ塢£ʴ֮ģҪѶԷĴһһг߶ԷԷһΣһ򣬾ͻϴͲôˡ
ʵиΪԷǾͷչɶĿĻΪ˴ĸ⡣
İ׻󣬽ܿץסص㣺Ǵ򶼲һζûڼװɣ
ǡ
Цŵͷ
˸ȥ󣬹˼ѾѸ빨ϽԼ
Լܹõʱأ
Ѿյء̲·ǣҲ£ΪǰҪǣǹҪǣڷǣֻΪ˵ж
ùϾôǣ϶ҲġǾһ̵̫̫⣬᲻ãû취һȥ
ϴͻҪһ
ֻǹⲿϸ
뵽Ц
ǧҪʧ
˳ֳǣ˴ĻŭЦð뵱գҲûޱ飬һӣϵıյȫɨϡ
Χ
ϵѾˣ˰ȴˣԼˡ
֪ܼˡ
պֳǣҲֻܴӺţֹϡ
һܼ˵ĹӵܣֳǶУֻܻغꡣ
Ⲱѹӵ˳¶Ŀ
һж繨ϣԸˡ
סڵУһЩûʲôࡣڹⲷԼ˺ò֮󣬾˺úƴˡ
㿴ûٱ죬Ҳ˺ϣλڱǴ֮һֳ˰̡
ЩпЩʧ
ⲻЩˡ
׻ûޱ˵㣬˼Ҵ룬δ𣿡
㿴дŹ˼ֳǣЦץѵ£
ҧ뵱գ
ǾĿôǲʲôվڴߣס̨ΧҪͶԶǰգ
ҲŭҪĲֹ˼򵥣
Σˣˣɱˣܴӵص𣿡ҲŭˣָŹⲱǲ˺ۣŭţɼ
Ⲻ괭Ȼ£˶СһȦ
ǰ̫ˡ
ڷˣͷڡٷ͵̨Ȼȥ뷮ǹϣ˵ҪѴ֮λøϣ̫£ʵˡ
ٳǻȻ
ʲô˼
ѵǰ깨ϵĻİѹû𣿣
ȥҹϵ£ϸϸƷζͼҳܴʡ䡢ġ
ժ¥ⲹڽǰȻҡ
벻غʱⲴĵףȥֳǣ
ǣȥһˣɵóԸ
˭ЩˣӿͷĲǿ־壬ǿϲ
ɫʱľ͹ˡ
չ˵ɱ˹ϣҲܼ򡣾㹨ˣҲܱסĵλ
һܼ˵ˣʲôã
вֹһܵܡвֹһӡ
ɱϣɱˡ
ܰĲǹˡ


326 ƾ
ôˣԤϡ
ǰ, ǣһͬ¡
ϡ, ¥ˮܻɵĽС
ǰų̂ܽУΪЩǲ, , ˵һֱ, ǵСʱܵˮȥץܱ¡
㲻ֻȥˮ𣿡ʡ׹ʱʲôûע⵽޷ԼȻûע⵽⼸, ȴϲͽǡʣڻнһȥˮץų, ҪϵĴһҪ⣬ҲǣʵǡһĻ̫ǵˡ
кӾ͸ô, ʮСӾ͸ô档
찡
ˬժ¥ˮǿĿյã˿˿ˮǵ治ͣ˽˵˵ĸ첲, ⲵĲӡֱ϶һϸܵС
, òסЦſ͸ҵĶˣҲһˡ˵գһ, Ƶǰ
Ⲷ亹ֱðⱭƣĿ͡
ʱѵĻ
ôĵƱǰѱȥ
Ѿ֪Լʲôˡڼ˼ǰ󣬲ô붼ֳǼ򣬳˹ûܰʵ֡
˵б·
ˣ׼ᱨ
һơ
ΪɱɴʱֲȷˡĲɱ¶Ѿ֪ˣᱨŹ
ֻ
һץǰ׾ҪﵹͻȻһľһҺȫڵˡ
ٿѾ溮˪Ҳ˵
Ȼûȵ˵һҲغȽ
ҵĴٴηûл˵ϴҲ֪޷ֲֺƤңһ·֪һῴҡ
ôأҡͷ˵¶Ȼ޴ȴҲ״Ϊʲôʱô󣬴ʼҰˣֻҪҳȥͬȥ˫׶Ҳ벻Ĳţ⺦ϡȻһЦҡôˡ
ƿԣΣҡͷĳ˴˽֮ˡĳֻΪĳȥȨҪһ֮£֮ϵˣйڣĳԸԶ޷ʵ֡ĳ˶֡Ĭһ£ǱϣнϡдˡңҲ̨µˡǲŴֵѣʱãòŵʱһԣԼԶҲ벻ȥһۣһ
һηȥ֣ص빫ҪЩ˵ûд
˵̧ͷͿһ˫۾˵û˵ʲôûижᣬһȻңҾҪΪһ£ϲϣ
Ըĳвӡ
Ҫӭ볯أЦ
ⲵͷӦ£ʱ˿̣ǣƹȻġ
УҪǡ˵
仰ùеΪˣҪǣԡ˵һҪĸ֣ͽзǰɡ
ζӳ£ҲͷӦˡ
ˣ˵ԶУҪǽʮ򡣡˵
֪ǹҪȥԼҵǽˣԸ⣬Ҳ֪òŹǹֻ
ԥһС˵ֻδ䣬ͷһŵϽӽסɫ󣬺覴ãֵ֪ǣվԱߵĹĳ
ĴԱץһˣҺֻ
ⲱҲҶ㣬һ˿ϤУǵʶĹС˵ֻ򡣡굽ԼͶ٣Ͳ˵ˡ
겻ô˵Ȼ˰ɡ
ϽͽǮ
ð죬ⲴӦ٣˵Ҫһĸ˰жٸҶ٣һڼۣ㡣УҪʹӺ
üð졣
ⲻ𣿡һָаҪ򣬸һ򽻲
˵Ҫȥһ£һ£Ȼ͸ˡ
ߺˣһ˼ǳ
Ϊһʱ૵
ԤУڹֳǺ󣬹ӦǾܾ֮ìܣǽԼҲο
ʱýϮɱɱһɱɱһɱϵˣ߼
ȻڷǵҲԿʼжˡǻյǵ⣬ǱȻĴңʱӦûû٣Ҫôٴθ̸ҪôһѣûϣܵػŻٴε
ʱ˸͸ֳԮˡ
ýԴٹˡҲҪٴˣҪŰȥĵˣҪɱɱģʲôǲ̸أٲãǵֳҵ̸һ°ɡ
ͳѳˣһ۸±˾ӸµĴ볼ìܣ˳볼ìܣ׵ģûбַġ
һʱµַǾͲֵþηͽԪ˷ãǸߴң³󳼿۸㿴ԡôģǻռ˺ôˡ
Ӵ˳һBOSSǶˢһѣԼˢˣҲҪˢˢкôҲûͷ
ý
̫ˣ絽һ¶ܷˣֻ˳ưѹҲеֳʱûϴԼϱѹ޿κε
ʣΪղ˵ĶǼٻ𣿡
˵͸һУǰӦԣضĲ֡
ҲǲܡӲС˭Ⲳȷʵ˼ȥԹ棬Ÿ⣬ʹǰ䣬
Ҳٵˡ˵ſϵˣ㵱ʱ˵ĻĴհ죬ΪʲôûͲȥˡصϵˣۣǲٵġ
ʯ䣬뵽һˣ
㣡
´ʱת䣬Թ
ĿԻعˣ
ͿͻȻֳŶЦ
һҶĿ̫Դˡ
ˣôԸԶֻºеһĨ飿
붪Ĵþ棬Ψһһ·Թⲡ
ĵⲣȡⲵĵλ
Ҫں깨ϵ֧£
塭ͻȻ˷Ѿܾûζˡ
ƾС
ڴ˴һ̴ӣȥҴ


327 ˣ
̴ӰѽĻŹ㸴ʱһֱЦš
̴Ӿڽºչ˹, Ҳ֪, ʱǵ˵Ͳ¹𣿡º̴Ӷ֪˭Уصǹûж, ˵ǰ̳ȥʱһȺ̨Ը׷, ܹԺ͸ϲ˰ɣǹȻмûɱ, ȴҲĵηһİձ˹Ľѵ¹
Ц, ΪСĻȥɡ
̴ ûлҪԹ˵𣿡
۾̨Ҹ߹ͬ·, ξء
㲻֪ĻԺʲôӦѾʼ湨ⲳˡ
ֳǱñʧꡱĹͻȻһûŵ, ҷ˳ĽˣţȻʱˣ룩ӵˡ
Ҳôܰ⼸һˡˣ˵Ӣ䣡©֮, ô
Ϊʲôһֱ, ͸ĪһЦ˾Բ
ô˵һһġ
Թϵ򷮳Ƿ룬ˡԡšǮȽеɨԴƼȣã
дúܳϿ, ǳϿңʯ󺣡
ϲˡ
Ȼʧ꣬ĺպ֮˳ǺϤģΪĩ꣬һְ̨롢Ҷһ֮صʱ򣬹˼궼ǹҵϱ͡
ҲֻӺȲѡʱǹȣʱûվһȲ裬һǹҹܼҡ
˼Ҳûҷƨһ²ˡ
˳ˡǹⲣһԡΪ⼸꿴Ⲳʲôֶθǹ㡭
˼ΪʲôڽȥѸٹϵĽ¾ͱأ
˵ǵ빨ʱõ
ֱҲȷʱûڻĶȥڽҵǽǣ˳ȷʵǴ̸ҪһҵģʱֻôһͷССͷѾ
ҰѷǵҺ԰һСɹǽʢȻǽ룬˵һнĲҪ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊʲô˼ҲУ
ǹ˳ȥˣ˵ͦˬġѾѵ֣ѾץԼ֮ľù˼ҿʼһһĵ·ˣ
˼ҴӴ˲˱Ϣлһˣ
ֱҲڡ
ֻǲ̫ȷ
ĳֶ˵Ǻ£ǻ£
˼ûˣһˡ
Դӻصңһֱġ
Ļصˣ
ֻЦȻ⣬ÿγȥܻ㲻֮ǰ
Ҫǣûˡ
ҪȥʲôȻ棬湨˳ȹһβأ̾ˡ
ǲǵҵȹɽ裬ͺϲȥһҶɡ
˳ӵڼһ˰ѹ˸
ո𣬹˸͵ˣлһеġ
塣˸ʺãȻ¡ɽǱȽĲ֣˵ϡѵãζҲ䣬ʲôζǵһҲԵζڲᱻƫĲ֡
ֱΪ֮ζ
˸Сɽȵࡣ
Ȳã˳˸ʢһֶ˾ŲԵġ
˳ʹ˸ôˣ
˸ڽš
ǱͺǶ״̬
ܡ
Ҳߣ߽һƪúãʮڶһƪãʮ
ѾֳǺͷתȦˣ
ж˵ѵõ֮սԺʷһ顣
һֹ١
˼Ϳʼͷˡ
ΪȥԶֲʤ
ֲʤ˭˭ģǹ˼ҵģǹ˼ҵģҪ̸УҪиӮɣ
ڹ˼û̸ռϷţԾͲͣþš
֣ˮǳ׳ˣûûӵϿһںӵĴңҪôͣాҪôתȥˣٲãȥҲУǽˮӿСȥȥĶǴ󴬡
ˮӴӽֳ󣬴ˮǣٴֳǺߣͨݡصĻҲͨˮ͵ǡ
ȫˣԵġġȵġõģҪˮ
ӿˣû˸ˡ
Ҫˡ
˼ֻԼԵģôȻҲ˸ǵʳ˳Ҷ
˶ܸ߱Լ˶ҲܰԼҵʳó˳ԣá
˼ǮԡšѾʼַˡ
˸ǴһϢģ˳ܿͷ֣Ϣֹһ
˸˵ǰûˡ
˼׼ʱģǾӾͲش̫ݣۡ˼ÿʮһÿضһЩΪ˼ıǺҵıһʹģù˼ıԸɵģҵıӰɣ
ҪһЩȥ
ɴʱ˸ô˵˳ɫͺܲÿˡԣûиû㹻ݣǴ˹˼ҵ⡣
Թ˼ף˼ĽȻҪֵµıԱñǶӣȻսϴӱͱìҲһġ˴ⲻ˼ҵĽҲֻҧȥٸ˼š
˳ȥǮšԼҵ˹뵽ƻ趼û˳ŭǲʲô֪
ѵļȳ˼ң
һ˰ѼլΧסһȥ
ù˳ôȺĹεĶ
Ǯԡļҵûеҹ˼ҵ鷳ǰѷҸˡ
Ƿңвҵ͡ΡΪԶı֣ʳıͭͭǶǲһ֡
ӷǣ˼ҡԼҡҡǮҡżҶף÷ҵһ飬Ҳ벻Ȼᱻͱһ
ͱûرޡ
ԡǮŴһʼûһڡǰѷҸΧˣŮ춼ԾˣдԡǮż޹ȥŮӣԸ˷һҵģߣܴߺӣԸģԾ
ҵŮӺкӱһۿŸĸɱɱʣµСĺӣٱǵĸĸҹжٸ֣ںδ
˳֪ʱѾˡһֻһŮӣģ˵淶һѪĶȢŮĺշ
ŮѾˣ˳ϹȥʱжŮϳ˹˳˵Ϻݺҧһڣҧȥһ⣬ץסʱѪݣУ˼ļһϵĳˡ
˹Ҫ߷Ҳԡɽ˵Ϊ˸һҵĶΡȢĸȢ֮壬װˣȻҪߣһӳɡ
˳סŻѼļˡ֪Ҫǲ̬ļ˾ͲŹ˼Ҿһҡ
Ƿˡ
һյĳǣҶˡ޲ˣ˶¶Եһ棬ΪǰѪצ˺ҧͬ࣬ȥǲòײȥľӵƤ
㡣
֣ƽҽӵ˴Ĵšļҵˣȥ̨
ļҶˡ
˳ᵽ˹µıµһ㡣
˵йϣǸ빨ΪУǻϲȥµİգڴιٳˡԸȥ𣿡
ѷǱ˱ޡҪôɱԲҪô뿪ǣֳȥΪˡ
ֳǣڷǻڽʱ˭ȥֳأ
οڣ˿̣
ۿļҸղŻ׶׶ˣԥȻʼڣʼ¼˵סǺɱˡ
ǻ¶ɫһģһ
˵ֳǺ᲻ң
ֳǺ˻᲻յ£᲻˵ҵĻ
Ҫȥֳǣˣ̫ˡ


328 
ұұ񡪡ʲô˴, , ˷š
ǲϵģڷŵ, Զֻ˸ɵġǲ, Ҳϣ˷Լ˸ɵġ
Ǵ淶Ը, ˵Ƿڼһġ˵͵͵ϣͨˡ
˼׳˸Ϣ, ˵ȥ̨빨ҷͥ
Ǻ¡ǲĸΪаǴϷﻹҪѺõġ
ͲԸ, ȻϾҪͬΪǺͺĺá
ǷҾͱ񡱸ɱˡ
ⲻǣֳǻΧأǶΧ, ɱʲôС˼
ء
ˡǮԡšǣͷСҲ׷淶һޡҳ죬ȫǶΪС
ġ·ûоͷÿ϶һڵĹľ
һٶ, Ů, ȫⳡ**ʧȥ
˳Ź˸ǰУʹ˸ֳ𣿡
˸ĬҡͷûļУҲûĲ¡
Ҽ˳˵ʱ, ֳʱ˸˵ǲµģһһһ뷨ǣŵ˵һµĴԶʤһ뷨Ĵ
˸֪˳˵ĲǴǹ
ϴӷһ˳ûй˾˰ѷҵ¸󣬱־һظһ仰ݡݡ
ƾĶۣ˸ڹͷϡ˼Ҷȥ飬ͱص¾Ͳǹֱʣǹ˼̰ģǷ̰һжᷢ
˳ȴ˵˽̰˵ԣѸȴܰ˵̰Դ߷£Ȼȡʹ˸ܱ֤Զṵ̂𣿡
ܡ˸ʱͳĬˣֻһ˿ƽ
̰˲ȥԼ̰ȴѹ˸̰ɡ
ѵǶԵ
˳Ҳ˸ķԾͲô˵תߵˣŪȨǶôĿ¡Ȩϣֲ£ǲȥƷֻȥȨȨǶԵģǵʹǣңȥȨ˭ô
˳Թ˸˵ˣкö񣬻᷸ǰһжһкöȥ޴¡ûдЩҲԶķһˣȨͲԶһϣ޶ȵıķ㷢ˣҲܿͻᱻηҵ´ȷɱҵǴ˭淶ĿڲǴģǲô¼ƽϢûѩ˸˵
ǡ˳ϣǮԡļѾ֪ˡȻǲϴΪɱҴˣʶǻᱻΪǴ£±ѣԶɴû𣿡Թ˸˵ҿ֪ˡ
רȨ³ֻ֮ȴ㡣˳˵ΪԲ˳ĵԽֶ࣬ξԽпᡣ
ǽϵĸǡ˳Թ˸˵Ǹǡ
ȨȨŪȨ纣˳˵һŮˣԸһˣҪȨ̸ףĵˡʱĿ׼ҷǣҷǾͳӡ֮ǰҲĵˣ񽯺ڣֱʲô˳˵ƣ³֮ң֮Ϊ˭
պأ˳ʣҹϣպã㣬ʱϿ··
ڹڼңŮ˳˵Ҳ㣬ϣʣŮһǻ
귶ϣǮԡšļ۹˼ңͬȥֳһ¡
Ѿˣ˳ʱ˸ѣѹ˵ǴˣЧܺãϵʹȫͬġҲڹ˳ܵǹǹϡ
;ͬ顣ȹϵֳ֮ѡϵĲ𶼲ϸһ֣ϸһҲǺġ
˹ԣǷʵɽһ䡣
ǡ˳϶
ѵͲҵȲѷǽ𣿡Ǯҵʡ
ҪͶֳȥˣ˲ǵһءǰзǣҪӹܱʱһػС˵صα֮أɲǹ˸ɵġ
˳һʱһʱܹвȣȻҪȽ˹֮ǡ
˴֮󣬴ѵҵȣżҡͷҿɡ
¶гģҲΪ˿˼ҵӦԡ
˳˵Ҹ߿λҼҼһѵ͵еùϣˣֳǵĹûˣ깨Զߣ㲻ڰյķϣҲҪ˼ɺꡣ⵹ʵ
˳ҿֻҪһԸϴ̨ˡߵ˳ɳʱգҪ
ǵȴҪҵȡżҵĻû˵Ǯҵ˴ԣֶ˵˵˵ҿͱ˵ˣ
˱㿴ŶЦȴͺһģΪʱѧʱϲûʱף£Եǻۻǣڸȡʱð˻ۣôһ֣ƫƫΧ˶˵ӦãӦãǻ̫࣬رϲֳϵҭˣٺҲûˣⶼ㰡Ҳû취ˡ
Ա죬Ǯҵ˵ǵֳ֮󣬴ﻹҪأ
Щ˶ϬЦ
˳Щ˵ˣ͵ȻˣǾ;Ҫȥˡ
û˵Ի˵ţҵȹȥ˵Ҫҵʲôְ
ҪģΪЩ̵ڲʡ
˳һ˶ţûᡣǹû˵زڹϰɣ
һ󣬼ҹƳ˼ֳȥ
̽̽ʵ
ڲǵģǹ˼ȥˣˣɱˣҲͲȥˣԽչ˼µŲ
ڲǵģǵȹ˼̸ȥҲ˳
˳ѹ˸͵ʮ֮⣬һȥֳǣһΣ˸ȥ˾Ͷˡ
Ϊ⣬˳ҧù˸˹˼еĵ͵ĴﶼڴУǹ˸Ķ˸˳ˡ
ֳǣͶԹ˵ǹ˼ҵоһظ˳˵
ӱϿȥֳǵĹɻڴµľǿˡȥ˿ܻڷµȴпܱסһ
˵嵽һ߲ȷѡٴǰǹ˳һ
в˶úܡ˸ĶӾмԹǶΪ˳͸ðѹ˼һ˸һˣֳһ׮£ⲻڶһǰ;
˸ǵıԹ˰ǶѺڴſڴƤﲻǲѹġ
ôľûһӵģô
ô죿ģ
ָֻԼıӶЩɵ˵ϵȥȥҹȥվˣѵǽӹȥ𣿡
ɵеһ˵˾ʵ㵽Ǳ¶ô죿ǲǶˣǰҲǺϲЩӰ
˸
뷨
ָ뷨ĶӶԾ˵ټӶʮ
˸ֳǱĵˣǷԺȻϺ빫
һֳйڡ˸빫ò˵ĶСٴ˴
뷮ֳⶼһˣ˸ʲôʱߵģ󻹸ôţ
һģ
Ժ󣬿˸񶼲ˡ
˼ľ塣
˸ֶ˵ʲô֮󣬡
ЩС̫ˣ
УǵֳģȻҪԣдɽ
ڣ/˽ϣǻһɽ
ɽȴɿˣ̫棨СڣйɽǾʲôˣ
˸һߺǺЦһ߰ѴǹġóЩС
ʲôʱʲôʱȥ˸ſ֮һãȻСǣˬ
˸ֳǺ󲻽ңǽ̨Ѿֳ˹˼ҵѡ񡣻˵ǷǵѡҲΪ
֪֮󣬲ôġȥʹ㣬㲻Ѿȥ𣿡ɹǹøģأ
㲻ǹˣֻпǹһõԸѷǹá
Ϊùصϣ½ˣΪȨ֪顣
Цʲôãѵܵõǣ
кβɣڡ
ǹ͹ıҶԹΣѵԹ㡭ǰңڣսһ¹ˡˣڵĹѾֳǹϣǺ깨ˡǿҲҪ
񶺺һǷǵıҲҪⲻһ½ϣͷнˣҲԡ
ʱ粻ôģ
Źһתߡ
Ⲳ⣬ʲôȥ
ǰתЦȹ֪дģΧ˴լһǰ¡ǺǣҿɲѾһˣҪǹһͷĲݶһ˸ˡ
ⲱ˵ñһ
ЦģϻرȫҵĲŶΪԶں꣬ںķϣɱ㡣ҿɲСŮҾãҪϵҲԼ֣ʱָʹĸɵӣѹϵɳУֳɱ㣬ɱţҲ¡
δ䣬ͼⲴ˸ս
ⲱסˡʱȻһҪǣҪǵıҪϺãβ͸أ
е
˼ǰ󣬷·ĺе
ʱǰĶ˵ˣû˵Ҫô㰡
Ⲳ˵ԼϻȥˣܹͷӦ֮һ˾;;͡׷ȥ
ЦһЦ˵и⡣
˹˸ȥˡ
˸û뵽Ȼ˵ģ˵ҪȨĸ˵Ҫ͹پĴ͡
˸ǵһ ˿һۣƺ֮⣬ȫע˵˵꣬һͷԱߵ˾ȥҪ˸ΪС
УҲ⽻ͨһְ˾Ȩһ㡣˾ǴԲҡȴʱãʱҲίȥΪ١
˸һû뵽ȻʵְҪһʵְ
͵ǰĹñٷ˸Щز
׵ĹڵмҪȥ졣
Ը˸ֵĿӴ
ĽЦˣҲٿڣǷԽ˵һ
ͷԹ˸˵òдǰȥ̽һ
˸ӵĿף޼䣬ɴԶôԴ
һҲܼ֡
˼Ҹ˹һƣ˴Ĵȣְ͵ǰ
˸ȥһ˵˼ҵɫͶܲÿװһƬ
Σ˭Ҫͬȥ˸ʡ
ģҪóġβȥԺҲʲôó
˳˾ĵģڹ˸ǰĹȫˣҶҲݬݡ˱ܿ˸Ŀ⣬ҲӭǰӧԸ
˳ĵӣҲСһֻжʮꡣ
˸ǰûעܵܣһʱе㲻
úе̫ˡ


329 Ը
ڶգ˸ȥʺ, Ȼ˰ݷõ
һ, ˵áʹŹȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰ˸Թ, , ǹ, 깨ϣǺ̫صĳ, ⣬պ̳ˣȻ, ֱ룬Ӻ굽ְֳǴ̫ӵҵ֮ʦ, ³򣬳ƵλȨء
Ȼڲ֪ǻ
˸ܳʵĶԹ˵ʵҲû򡣡˳ʲô֪
˿ˮ
һһҪע⣬ǹ㡣λ¼һ㡣ʱڵسʱ, 󽯼ҡҶ, ʤˣȥ֮ǰһֱ̨ĵһա
˸ֱ׵ǰֳֻ֪꣬ϣ֪
ɼ֮ʢ
Ҳ֪ȥ, ɱһɶֵǹŮ
ٺҳ棬֪ǱɱĻ汻ʲôʿɱģżнʿʱڳǰɱ
ǹұһʺͿˣȽĻҪסҲһ粨ģλ˺깨ϣôȶˡ
ֳˡ
˸˵ˣҲûм

˸˵˰ɣҹ죬ڷǵԸԴ󣬶ɡֳǣǷǡ
˸ϵ첻̫˳Ժ뵽з裬Ȼûˡ
ͷһʣӲŵձǿǿ˸һʡ
˸ԵͷЩẢӵֳҪѧĵһξҪܲϰ߱˶ԹϵͲм
ڶΡ
˸һʱ
¶վ˸߳ͥԺУͥԺȣǰ˼ҼˣʰɣǰǴ͵ģܻмҾ찡
ɹ˸ȴԽԽ죬ǰں׹ǳû˼Ҽﴳأ
˸ͷףһ£ֱСˡ
ڶΣҪ
ִһţڱˣ˸ܵеС΢΢һ¹ڣֱ׳˵Ƿǰ̽ģڴңǺε
ǿסƤ棬﷭òҪ
Ķˣ˸һ˵šģҾ㲻ԣһֱ׳ﴳᵽǽ쵱ˣҲᵽǶֻͣЩգҲֱ׳ĸڹ˸󣬻ס˸ĺ󷽣ֵһǰһﴳ
Ǵ˼ǰˡ
ֻһǺ£һɫɴ¶źʹЦʣλôˣ
˸粻ɽó粻ʶˡ
ûĻ
˸ʺãλҲʺã衣
˸ܾ˵̽ġ
¶һĵףԭǸġ
˸ʧɫĪǹʲô𣿡
ҡͷžֳ̾ǰ޴󰭡ĸл˸л̨̽ʡ
ǰˣ
ʲô޴󰭣
˸бĳ롣
ĳλ̨и㡣˸ʩһ
ЦȻˣ̨ԴƬ̣ĳϴһ£λȥֳ࿪һ衣
˸
˸ҵĲˮҵȸղѾȹˡ̨ؿָֻһҵȥǡ
Ŷһ½ЦǾֵĳȥȻҲ̫ĿЩ
Ȼ˾ͽȥ·ˣȻһȥء
һʼĵȶԷԷþò黹룺ţһǾøղźܲ˼ȥԡѬˡ
׹˼ֶǲܵʱԺǰѾΧסˣǽȻֻܽݣȥһղǸˡ
˭
һʱܾǹֻǹǿЦǡ㣿Ǻǣ̫ܡ
һӦøͬһ㡪Ը࣬κһĿղֲҪˣƤˣӦòǹɣ
վ˻ƳϣȻٴϨ𣬹վȶӲˣ󣬹˸߽Ǽӡ
ϻӲȸȥ
һһߴűߵӰдģڹ˸͹ݵһ˲Ϳȡǵ
ڴµӰһź齡
ϵ˳ˣ򣬲Ҫʧ˹ӺС¡
аȵ˵ƣȻѵƾٵǰǸһֱû˯
˸ղ۲ʶ̩ɽ빨Ҫ֡
һ²ŷӦǹ㣿ǸʧٵĹ㣿
ϣһָɡ
أҷ򣬻빨Ϊĳм˸˵
ﰲĬĬס
㿴齱߰ŵ¯¯̻һ߰봦ǻƣ·һԹ
ְǰ˸ˡ˸ûдߴ١֪ڱԣһ߸ס
˸ǷģľǴͬʱҲԼڴʱʧǲǴʹʧҲߡ
һΣ˸ϣһж覡ҪⲣҪͷβûκ覴á
ںǱΪסˣʵҲƵù޲ߡǶƵǰˣ˯ɣͲվ˻ܲǼⲣ
ߺߣܲܲԡȡ
һİٱĴȥ
ðɡ̾˿԰˵ȥͻ
ͷǡԹ˸͹˵λ
̤ɫ뿪ľӴ·ϣǰ·˸ߴıӰСԹ˸˵ƭô죿
˸ҲС𣺡ǾٻŹ㡣
صͷǲû취ֻǼҪһʱˡû취·ϻġ
һǰϣˣǽȥԳǹ򣬵ǲǿһóñӡǿ
ⲣǹⲣѵ˸Ҽð𣿣
˸

ǲʶ˵鷳֮
˸ҲˣֱӻɴˣһԷǹأ
Ϊʲôǿû˵򳤵аհ
˸Сʣδǵǡ
Ŵ˺Ŀң˹ҡءһ֮󣬡򡱱ʾҲǳͲܼ̾һ˼֮ࡣ
˸ʣȻˣβĳкβ֮𣿡ڴǰŽͼǸӰѸٱܵӰ
ǲ˰ֻ֮ˣ
򡱲˵ˣһСͯܽͣһŹ˸ľУ˸˵Ҽ˵
˸
ѵǴ
˵Ѵ䶼ҵķθ֮ԣ룬Ҿͽ
˸ӵĴŴ˺гȥˡ
þȵġ
֪һֱ͹򽻵ĲǴǹ̨ࡣ
ߵ⣬Ѿ֡
˷һ죬Ҳ޹
˸̾˿ϳʹҪֱӽȥɡ
žͿɫԡ
˸ǲǻǲǹ򣿡̾Ҳ֪Ȼ飬Ȱȥɡ
ԥѹ磬󰮲ɡԣ˻в𣿡
ղô˵֮󣬹;ԼӲˡ飿Թ˳飿
ǣռԸݱģ
˸
ڴ类ԼҳϸܵĸԼ߻ȥ֪Ÿհᵽֳһ졣
·
·ѾС̯Ͷ³˶ٷȻȥ˼Ǯ
ҸһȥԲܡЦе˵
˸̨߽ժ¥ʱԥ
ˣˣ
ͼݣ˹
ú磬һ죬Ͳô˯ţľ
˸ĲһϢҲһϢ
û˸ӵ񣬿ȥˡ
Ͼд£һ£ϴڶ£ΪˣٵҪǹ٣ȻƼܣδ
飬ԹϴԹͶء
ҲǺƳģȥ̾ܰѹϿ컬ȵ׵һСء
ȻͬģҪһҲùⲾӦ̫죬ġ
˼ȴѾȥҰݷһֳǳɹࡣȴýȥ˼ҹϲ˸С
˼Һúõһ
Ȼ󽪼ְѹ˸е̨ˣҪ˼еı
еģһҲ˵
˸Ը⣬ҪһЩֻһˣһԺΣ
˿ԣ˼ҲС˵˼в֮ģ˭ݣ
˸Ҫ飬˵ҪУҪԼѡ
˸Ĭˡڹ˼Ҿ񱻼˻ѣѾιٵڣ˿̣˼Ҳˣû·ˡ
Ϊ˼ѾߵһȥǮԡšļκһԸΪ£˵Ҫ˼ҵҲҪ˼ҡζԷңͻζԹ˼ҡ
˳˵ģǶԷʱԥΣǹʾôԹ˼ңǾΡ
Ϊǡ˼ȷģġ
˸մӦˡҲѹ˼˶ӵֳǲһˣֳĹһ
Ҿ͵ϱҡ˵
˸̧ͷȥȥ
ǡ
ʹǸŹ˼ҵʹһġ
ǮԡļҶۼ˴ʹڣͬʱҲ֪˹˸Ѿ˴Уڴͬһ졣
Ͻƻ
Ҳͬ뷨ʣ˼ȴûиǣѾ˹ϣֻ¶ǾͲôżˡ
ң˸ȥһ˹ңƺ֮ͱúͻˡ
˸ʲô취ǲС
˳˵ļҶ׼ȥֳǣʧС
ȥ̾
ǲ뿪ǣôǰǶɱ⣬ȻԾû취
һУһ˸ͰѷǸˡȷǵҶֳܵȥʣµķǻ˭ֿܵ
ʹɫɥȻ̫ףܸоĵ׵Ĳ뱯ˡ
סҲᵽֳȥ
˵ġ˳ԼСӣʮʱõĶӣеˡ
ԼԼеף񻹸һ˵ʲôģ
ô˵ģ˳ʡ
һһѧÿһ˶ÿһ˶¡
¡˳ѧ
˼ҵһ뿪Ǻû˵󽫾ٴÿ˷ǵĴš
ӹ˷ǡ


330 ϷŪ
֪ûκεֿͽ˷ǲƽӹĿ󣬽һ
·, Ӵ, Գˡ
ǵļЩҡ˱ϾɵŶǸɵľǷ¡ֻǳѡ, ӽҿʼ, ǵıʹôһ˽˾ӵζ, һֱӵľңǴ
ͻȻû֮, վǣʱЩǶò, ǾҲһһϦ¡ǵļҾڷǲǣô죿
ͻȻ, ˣǮԡŶˣ
ڳڸŵķǵıڵ֪ϢһЩӪнѹֻӪлڴ˿̡
Ҳǳ֮, ʿĲڴ, еϻȥˣżһܣһ˳ԱȫҲģһˡ
췴ļ󽫾Сһ, ʼ
ŸɴԼܰɣĵطռɽΪҲһ·
췴ǲУʲôʲôʲôûкô˭㣿˵ɽͷҲôҵġ
³ݺһ˾˵ǽ󽫾ʱˣˣ󽫾ˣǲ͵˼ȥ
ȻǸ⣬ǾͶһҰɡǲ췴ֻѡرǹ˼ǼڰǸˣڹǱˡ޹İ
һͶǸ⣬Ǽ˼дһƪ׼ݵֳȥ˭ûã˵ժǹűȽϺýǮɫУ˿ǮƵûʲôѵġ׼ȴһŵʱ˹˵֮ǰŽһߵ졢Ԭϲˡ
󽫾ľ⼸֧ٹӡ
Щ˼졢Ԭϲٺ󶼲ϲӣһԷֵܣΪ˱͸˽󽫾ߵľһ죬һأһǹ٣һȻ˷ˡ
ֵܣ󽫾ǴҪ𣿡һŰɵʡ
Ԭϲϸ磬֪㲻šҪ֪󽫾ʱǴǶҪߵģҪǹ˼ҲˣҲǽ󽫾ıˡµĶˣǻϽȥ󽫾
Ҳصǣ󽫾ǷǱǺõòˣкôǣһԣǮһãġ
⵹ģժǹࡢ֣ԡκţ󣬼Ǹ󽫾ľ׼ģǾרԵȦţȦȦ
ǮڽϪʲôɲܸǣȥ˾֪ˡ
ĴǾϹģǼҶƽƽˣǵ
Ȱһҹ˴Щ˻طˡ
ʱҲѾˡ
󽫾Ǻռľԭʢլӣ˿լ˼ҵ˲ռլӣôլôȥ
һ۾ͿǸժ¥ΪƵĸ¥լԺӪ
סĿ⡣Ը󣬡¾ͽˣȥҪӡ
ȥɷ˵ȰĿԼ˶ˣͶΡ
һȷʵŵóаնҪ˯žˡ漴ſھʾӴ˺󣬷ǸΪǣΪժǹǣа糣صơ
ǸΪǣصǣ
Ĳصǡֻһʼץˣ֮ųһЩų˶˵󽫾ֻһЩ£ȷûˣҲˣҲδ١
ȴ˶ųҲٸԭְ֮ʣûųľˣ˻ᱻʾɱū͡Ű檻̰ûٲƣһһڳſڹа֪
ǿ֮󶼵Щ๼
˼󣬷ǰաǷǰˣý󽫾ݣǸù١
֮⣬Ҳˣ¼ˣǣˡ
֪Ǳһ˳ûʲô谭Ҳһˡ
ȥҿһ°ɡЦ
ҹѾ켱ˣ
ס㣺ô£ô£ôûӦǲǲһǹʲô˼ͬҪǣֻһʱˣ֪ڷǱߵҲ̨ܽѾ߰˻ʹˡȷǵˣͻˡ
ⲵȻܲڵѾˡ
ϵֳǣγһɲСϵȿúվȽţҪѹϴɷɣɾĲĶˣϵʱ˵ΪûߣԹϳڱֳǵ̬ŲϽ
Ϊʲôߴ˵Ϊ̨һ죬Ǽı
ֻҪϴףǾͿҡһ䣬Ϊ֮ˡ
ڹϵѾԭ빨Եʿϵһ
Ѿѹˡ
˵ɣö࣬Ը㡣
ⲲҪǡ˳ưҸô죿
Ҳǲܰ㺬Ц˵
һκˣõǸǹٵģ
нģȥӦҪܾģӦҪģӦģ
װһݴǱȥǲͬģΪ갡ΪǰΪǰհ֮ûһʵѡӹⲵİ࣬ԹⲾͲᶪԼĹ١
ǹⲵк̨֧֣ûô׵ݵ³ȥҲô֣֮ûа֮Ժ
ϵѾܾöûгֳˡˣʢѾ³һɻرܵ⡣
һ
Թʱģȥʹ̫ãΪһºˡ
˾úеհˡ

ȻǱȥǱ߾ûӦˡ
ʯһһſڣȥҹ㣺ư˰ɣ㣺ɣ
ӦǲġⲸԼġ
ٳģʮҲʣʲôˡ
¹㣬Թޡ
û취ֻһߴԺ⣬һ߰
ֱգжˣ
ɣӯı̨ףס֡ԶĹվڽϣЦ֡
Ը⣬κ崺磬Ἰ仰ʹ˹ⲿҪĵǣЦʱģһܸ˵ġ
ϲҾ֪ǹŪҵģ˺𣡲ֻҪֻһͲ
˽ݣһԹⲺ͹˵֣Ϣˡ
֣Ⲻ͹㶼ǵùɶǿȥ֣ȡ֣֣Ǿܾ
ǲܾ֣ĺӲǶɱ
֣£üʡȻڻص˹ңѾļˣϢ͵֪
뵽ˣһ۹ⲡ
ҲãȻ֣£Ҳ֪
üǿˡ
ô죿ż갡
֣Ӧˡ
͹һĬ
֣ӦˣǾе鷳˰
Ϊ׵ʱ򣬸û׼֣Ӧ


331 ֣
ҷΣѵķ粨Ӵĩֵ, ԷǸ, ŲΪ֡
ֳǵ˻ٹһ, ̨, йȥˡ
д, ۿ͹ݴ̨ҡ, һ·йȥġ
ɴƮƮģ͹ĿȻôǵô͹ʲô, ǰɿδˣڴԵİ԰, һǼٵġ
ǴӮˣ
ǹأ
ȴͷİأҲˣڴĳݺ󣬴һйȥ
ֳ, Ŷ, ˲ˣͺˡǾͺ֮仹ҪһֵģΣ⸱̫̫ƽƽӲ˷İ
йδȡ, йֻ˴룬װʲôĶǷһ㡣ͺס˽й˰׼Ľҵ˶˵ȥһ
ϤķϤƢĳ˼ҶĵЦҵĳɳ׷򣬿ʷòӳʵ˴ҡ
ЦһЦվͱøгˡ
Ȼڹ鲻ãܶȲ˶һ£˵
Ȱ˵ѾƽˣҲعൣǡ
ǲģɹڴߣοڳ⻹кı
ǸǲصġͿҵ¹ǹϣˣǷˡ
ЦһЦϲղ̹ȻԳ³Ҳ͸ӡܺã˹Ϊ񣬹߹վһС˵ǲõĺûˣ˵ѾһЩˡ
йڣ빨ⲡһԱ߻нﲻʡ
һͲҶֵú򶨣Ȼ
һЦŵͷã˾η
ɨһ۹㣬ͷΪٿⲣ֪ɻºǣϾ¶ֶ
ϾǴȻǴǸСӣ˭ϲǸҲҪ﷢ġ
ⲾһģЩ
͵ûҪϯΪϰϣڿûеӣΪɳĵһȻʱԵûʶЩţ廢ҲǸơ
йⲲǹֻһˣ׶񣬽£ڹһ˵ļƣ͸ˡ
ʱаЦʹⲡ
ǺǡΣֻÿˣ֪ǹ֮ӣȴҺ
ϵûĻںĲá
ȻմӦҪĺʵ˵Ҳ㰡ҪģһҪ
ⲿ޵úζž˵޵ýе㲻ˣסĿ
̾ȥⲣ֪򲻻ƭңҲգҲִġȻˣͲҪˡ
ţ
ⲿ޵һͿ˿ǣʲô˼
תͷͲˣԽЦ˵Ȼβһѣһֱܵ㡣
׹ǹվǽ
䡢θ˳ǾûȥֻʱȥʿӴסһס
ʿӴҲ˱ס˻治٣ǹȥһŷ֣ÿһﶼסˣȻ붼ǴӷܳˣЩ˵ˣЩռ˷ӣȴܿҲð˸ϳȥһ̸֮Щˡ׼˷ʳǳãҲѷǱǵϢǡ
ɣΪβϻطǣ룬˵ڷн󽫾ڣѾöˣزĵطϼҲʵİɣ
ǸԼѮˣﱧԼСӣЦҡͷǾҡ˼ңֳ˽֮Ѿ͸ˣǸطЩȥȥɣֻż˳һ밲ͦãԱ߾Ǵ͹йЩʿڣ˵۸˭۸ǡ
ôû۸ץء
ǱˣЦҾ밡һݣҲʤϼҵһլӰ
˵ŻͻȻ˾ϲĺʹˣҪȥй
̴ȥеƺˣǾŻѣһƬյͬ硣
վǰ΢Ц˵λҹ£һг䶨Ȳλˡ
ʱţӯҲЩᣬٿʿӣвٶ޳
Ҳжᣬÿһ˶˵˻еóÿһ˵֣ôҲЩŴİǣǴҹǣһСС̴ôǵסǵ֣˵óǰڴǰ̸۵أ
ǰ
Щһҹû˯ã˵ڶ죬첻йȥˡ
йųţŵǾǽȥЦ˵ܼˡ
вǿ߽ȥġ
죬ܵ˻û깤ժǹйʵѾˣǻû裬յģıڽԿյĸо
͹ⲡյйţȫǵɭȻ
ⲵĶĳˣ㣬ڹ߱ˣĸ˵ԸʲôԸʲôʱʱо¿ͣΪ¡
Ⲷˣ˵ʱǽɥĲɱ˹£ֱ֮ɱˣǹж˱˳Ը̹ġ
㿴һԹޣ
֣·ⲾһԼĴڸС
šͷҲô롣·ĺܼҲܿ죬ʹ֣뾡¾ǲûеõϢ鱨ȻϢٶżֻһټֻڶȥҪˡ
ҿ̫ǡ£Ҳ֣¡³£޹ذԹߣֻҪپվ֣һ߻վ֣Ǳ߾ˡ
ļ
㿴һ۹ַ֪ëˣ϶̲ס֣£ڵǰ֣һѻ֣һѣⶼҪˡ
֣³ڣ̫ǿ˲á
ûǶþ;һ֣һȽϺá
Թ˵Ȼ֣ǲӦҲá
ʣǹ롭
֣޹Ǹ˰ǲ˰
ȻҪˡ˵˵˵ºǳˣһµĹ֣ס
ⲣҪǷӣ
Ҫ˰ǰɣ
˵ϲ£ҹȹش֣Ը𣡡
Ҫ٣ڱǣ
֣̾һͷ˴ϲ£ȥߴɡ
ǣϢ͵ʿǽ̸Ľǰ
ǣʿǶ֪ˡ
ǣǸˡ
ǿӭȢ֣ζŴһʵѣ֣Ժʲôϣ۸Ҫһ֣ԸԸأ
֣֮ºܿй档
ҲܿһϢ
˵סؿڡ
˵ֻܳȥǧˣʣµĶסˡһ£С˵ûûˮǳŲ˼ġҪ⡣
Ļ׹ܱû̫̫ƽƽĴаùȥֻҪһ̬Ը
ȻԸȻˣҲⰡ
Լá
áͶɡ˵
嵹ԥһ£𣿡
ͶΧǵġⲿЩٻصСòͻɱ⡣
嶮ˣ˴
ʱ֣Ҳӵ˺ĵϢ


332 ֣
֣λڽΣҰǧ, һõط
֣İվųɶǿֵΪ, ֣֮ᣬ֮, мġ
֣ĹƷ֣˿, Ȼ֣˿ϸ, ֻ֣˿ܰ۰Ľϲȴ֣İס
ÿ֣꣬Ҫ۽ʮʯ, ΪֳİȫҪ͸ۣ֣֣׵ζ
ǿ֣³, ûֻ͵͵һ֣ס
ؽ£һҴ, ³
³ʱ棬ûһ˲֪³Ҳûһûȥ³
˲֪³, ûһ档
ǿ, Լ³Ϊ̣·ϾвύĴ˻ֻҪܸĻһ̳ٴ̳ǳԸɻ
㲻ǿˣǿ⣬ֻǹһ̳ǾͰ׸ɻ, бҪ
ǸǸκ̣Цûȥ̳ǡ
ǿҡͷȷʵȥǰֻ֣·̳ǳȥֻǲë֮أʲôȥģ
κ̴ЦС粻֪Խǲë֮أԽǴչֵأ밡ʲôûУҪʲôҪ͹ȥ𣿡һ٣ֵʵҲʲôûУһֻȴӱĵطҪ˵öࡣ
ǿʣʲô
κ̵ū
˽ݾҪ´ˣǿڴ˵شӴ󴬻Сˮˮǳխ󴬽ȥȥſѡ
ബ⣬ҵУʮҲǺ׵ģ춡ǿһ´;òԣĺǿյģ֯ĴҲûкӱľƼҡȡ
Ĵˣ˵ⲻˣҶܵͨ޺ȥˡ
ǿæΪΣ
̾㲻֪ǰʱչ뷮ǵĹˣòڴ˵˺üؿǴֳȥȥˣֳֵòɿֹˣȥڶһ룬ǹͲҲͲ˵ġ
ǿɵˣˮȥط³ֵĺˣҪĴȥĴҡ˶಻ʤû뵽Ͳ
ʱѾһ˹æжǸ˶˵ˣֻ취һͳѻӳɽǱ˹ȥµʱĻҲԣڶڴ˵ذѻ˰ɣҵʶˣԸüǮ
ǿһھܾǲеģϲȥ𣿡
˵ĲУû
ǿҲϴģ֪ЩжһЩΪ֪Сϡȹ˰жҵһֿ⣬ԷȾƣڴʳһ취
ˮһֱǣǽ󽫾Ͻ£ֻҪͨеˣʵǴˮȥ򵥡
ǽ󽫾ǿһȥһЩڴ˿غûȥݷý󽫾
ǿ򵼣˳ؿȥ
ˮϣԿʿȥźߣӺԣΪ˴ֻҲǰΪĴңеȺȺĴӺӹ˲ߡ
ǿǿҲʣǿʸϳĵˣҿЩСܺ˵ӣôǻ᲻ɻأ
ϳЦ˵ȷʵҲǣǡЩ˽ˣˣִˣʲôʱǸͷҵԴֻһţɲҸ˭ӲֻòˡǴĶܵͨ޺ȥҲ
ǰ˹ؿǿȥҪ󽫾ؿС͵ȻˣӼҴȥ
СţٹʣµĹؿʡˡ
ҪˮʱǿˮǳŽգûһնֱһǡ
ǰʮһˣûпǵĳǽͿ˴ֹŨ̹
СⶼǴӱĵطˡ
Ǹϳˮ˺ܺ棺ǶǴðģ
СЦĶУԴǸΪǣΪǺЩ˺һҹ֮ȫðˡǰһָǶǴ񡣡
ȷʵðǧСС񣬵ǿĳʱв
ˣҪҪкö
ֵܣûлҪüǮ
һ·˳ǣСһլԺǰͣ£ȥͨһһ˳ǿǰ´һȥ
ݼǿֵ
һ»ĴǶɴޣмĺľϣȴһ׳Լʮ꣬ĿԳۡϣԵš
һһĳìֱߣì·𻹴Ѫ⡣
ǿϳ֣ˣ
ǿڽǰȻЩ˵ˣ벻Ź˶ã侹ȻѾƣ֣ŸҲŸϽ
ͷǺãͻֳǰɣҽ˻㡣
ǿлԥһµҴ֣һЩ
ʡ
֣ףˮĲֿǿ
ȻֳǣҴȥ׸͹ȥ
ǿ˰׸ˣҪ֪ⶫң⻹֣͵͵أ֪ٻ³汻˸˰ôɾ͸Ѫˡ
ɵ֣٩٩̸Žȴҷһǿŵŵ󽫾İɡ
ǿصֳǣԾĲǳͻȻðׯͰգǷ·֪ŵ֣
ûлô˶֪ˣ
ЩǴ˵ģ
ѵ·ϵʱˣ
뵽ǿŵҶһأ·Ҳû˵ϻϴʮͽ̨
ժ¥ȥ֣һˣӵ޼òһĶǿԽ
ѽˡ
ǰȱǿǿҵζñ̾Ҫð˵ɻˣȦһ죬Ǻӡ
ǿжˣȵĿŸӰһڵĽ̫ӳˣúúã
ɵʦһع飬뿪߻ýͬ⣬һٸǿһ档
ǿʵܵԼ֣ûеطߵʱ򣬽ͱɹˡһ󣬹ûбĹٸҲˣô죿
ڿͰˡʾɱģ̫߻λӡ
֣Ů޸ǿԥһ£ѹֻǴŮԺ겻һ˸¡
˵֣ȷʵܼ
ʣô£ϸ
ǿͬ˵ơ
ԹǸ¾Ϣڲֹˡ
ӭȢκΪҲΪ򽪼׶򽪼ס
֣ռλʱ֣ãΪ⣬ͰԼŮԹ޸֣
֣һʼܸˣģԽԽģЩŲסˡԼҲʵĶ˵ǸָŮ֮飬ٲ㣬֣š
֣ϽҸԮæ֪ԼܣԮҲ̫ģԾ³ˡȻ³ҲСӣһ飬ܿù˰ɣ
ͰԼŮˡ
궡ǿĿ󣬵óϽۡ
ԭ֣ĲǸǿߣƶĳˮƽӣҪôǱƵķӼ˻ҧضԲԣƽʱԾǸƫƫȢڵԹΪԽԽڵţôȥˡ
Ϊʲô֣ôأΪة֣ã˵Թةൽ֣ȥةࡣ
ܾ𣿡ʡ
ǿҡͷԹةǶ֣ة಻Ƕ֡
ʲôвǶ֣˭ةѵҪһ£
û˸֣ȥ֣˱ԣǱ֣һ·䣬䵽ӮǸ˾ةˣӮ˵ⶼϷǺǣ벻ҪӮ֣ȻֻܴȵıʾǺãҵȫܵΪ֣ˣΪҴ󳼣ҾͿԸˡ
֪󷽵ıʾû£ŮԹһةࡣ
֣ﻢˡѵҪ˵ֻ˵˵ĵ𣿲ܣ벻ܣֻܴݺѪ̣һסһƴԮ
ǿô֣
˵ˣǿе㵣Լˡ
Цһ·ˣȥ̫ӾЩؼϢɡ
߶ǿ˰ѹй㣬˵һʵʱˣԡ֣֮᲻ᷴĿɳأ
㱻סˣһ嶯˵Ǿ͸ɵɡ仰̻ȥ򶨵ٶ̽һۡͣһ£˲֪ϸֻûôɱ
ҲǡͷǱɵͷסˣֲ֣Уأ
á
ֻǷһɺöֻ֣֣Ҫɸˡ
ʲôɺأ


333 磬
Ļģ֣ױϾһ, ܷŲֿ, ˵ǹƷܹ, ԾͲһĲֿš
ǿһ, ʯ, ͵ժǹȻýȥ߽, ֪ͨһ׼ߣϽ²ʱͻˣ˵ܷ, Ҫ͵йȥ
䷴ҲҪǣͰѸжװװ
йͿվ
Χȫ, ģģе̴ӵȵȣ, ѾİϷ, ̨֪Թ
ֲܵô˵ߣǶá
ǰסͼӭԾľͣ, ߽
ˣȥ뿪ʱøˣжߣ
ֱϡϵˡˣҺû¡
ôһ˲䣬սֳǴţߴɴޣô
ԹЩ޹ص˶ÿΪʲôýҲôأ
ͷֻһʧˡ
ǲͣܽܲ⣬ƶһǰȡȨøǿֱǿû˿˺ǡ
̫õġڲԶδһ˳̫ˡ
һĻסˡ
Զϥ£ݼ
һʼվúԶҲСʹǲǹὫˣ
ã˵ǹὫ˵ǽӱܹ
֪ͽ֮ʲô⣬ֻϣǿϺãһõģãķֿˡ
뵽¶ĳ嶯
һͿڽº󣬹һȥ˽һţڽؿڡ
ͦȣҲеûվȡ
ֻס
ֺֻڽؿڡĴžžžģ
Χ˶ɵˣ»飬ѸٰΧ˶ˣ뿪ǰ÷ȫᣬҧڽϴ
ûԼôһ졣ʲôѪͷһᵽˣһѪţ˲ʲôǶˣֻһͷһҪúýѵǰˣ
ִ˲ŷСĿǴߣԶë󲻿ɱģָס
ܱȴֻһðɣɹôڣ춼ԡ
侲󣬷ԼѾ£ԱߵϪˮϴָ֣׷ȫѪۣϡؿڡӡ첲ֱۺͱȫһѪӡ
ղűһֻè˯һ
ʲôƽʡ
֪ΪʲôôʡΪʲôʲô˼˵û
˵еˣ㡢㡢ΪҡҾҪȨҾǡҪ˶ſ𣿡Ž۾ͷ˵ǵġҾҲҪ˵һܲºڵ޲ܰѻ̻ȥû߼Ļ㲻ңԶָίĺ
䱳ȥΣ۵һЦˣ
ȻЦˣ
ڵϣѽ̧ߣֻŶϣƵ
һƨˣ֡
ֲִڵúܣڣԶҲϴɾֺڡֺܰףѩ
ʱ䣬˶û˵
ȵķ羲ĴţĩȣͷҡҶΧĲݴгڽУе죬ǳڲݴԼûһܿǵͷһֲˣĸղſˡ
ܶ໨һ𣬽ԶҰߵġ͵ģɫ߰ļһ𳤣һ˳ֲȥ۵Ļꡣ
ʱŷԼղųˡ⣬ղžȻˡһ̵ɺ뿪Ժŷ֣صǸֲˡ
˳оȣŵ˻㡣
ͷſѾ˯ˣĴźࡣĳìȴԾɷ¡
ûۼʲô͵ǰֶֻ֪Ѿ˶ʮССЩеķеĲߵľʦҲ߰˸Ÿָ⣬ҲԼС˼
֪˽潫Ϊ顣ֵµıãǶӣǮҲܴ󷽣ֵµĽܹ۹͡
ûкöֵµĽһеΪţе뵱ĸǷһҲֺá񣬲Ůˣʫ飬Ʊɱ
һˣɱ˷Ż𣬼ֱʥˡ
Ҳû˿֮ġΧɱʱ˵ҪɱͶҪɱһɨսʱÿһʬ嶼ҪĿڡһԴȥ˭͵
˵¼ĺͷǾɱԽη塣
ֻ֪ûкöֻΪ̺ɱ˲£ɣһ˿ܴеõȤ£ôĺô
һӦһ֮ܽǧ˷ףܽһǰݵЩܴ
Բ
һ뽨ҵˣӲƵλϡԽǶܹ֡
ſϣоһֱ˲ס˳ì
漴ַˣ´ࡣ
ˣͿˣٹ꣬òô
һЩ˯ڣҲعͥԺУ£˼˷
Աߵһ֣״ˣǻûѿǵףȷʵܴȿǣܿס
֣ǵڸУ³Զɽ֣ȴһƬƽԭСɽûߵ֡
Źӣֵ֣أ֣ܵͷҰģЩתתȥ̧ͷʱͿƽϤ
ЩţڽһҰѵŮӡϣǵõɰ׶һ㡣
ŵİѹӷ£ȹӺͷ䷢Ȼûôˡ
ղ۾ᷢ⡣˵
Ҳᡣ˵ô˵Լ۾ᷢʲôģûôء
ͷܺÿ
߻˵ǰ۾һ⣬Ҿ֪⣬ȥˡʱҾͱȥɽҰһ졣

֪˵ʲôֻóĬ
ÿζ֪׶Ǹ˻ǲˣΪ۾ܿ˳ֻǰΪֻϲ棬֪˵ʲô
̳˺ܶ࣬¸ʿ˾»Ҳ±˾顣˵ţš
Ұ⻹кܶαġԭǵĶСһЩ˶ǵ꽯µģлнңԲŲϹ齵ֻɱ
ҪСġ˵
䣺šĿⶼˣ˺ܶ࣬Ӧ֮ǰ͵˳ȥˡ˭ҸɵĻ֪
ͷ˼ڣǼȥ顣鲻ǹ˼Ҹɵġ
俴һ㣬ͷ취
ˮϻǿյģҶܹˡҲǱȽѰһ£˶Ҳ˵á
˵а취ȵһȣˮϵȥҲȥ
ǰ仹Ҫˣ㻹Ҫˮǣ
ͷˮҪ϶ܰǷڱеġˮӵϿˣˮǴ˼ҶˮΪǲܼȼһİ취ռסˮӣˮǵ·ߣѿճǸ
Ҫˡüζֳ࣬ѾൽǵĵزˣȻҪµ
ûϵĩǰͻر໧˵ֳ˶Ϊֳˡ
䶮ˣü񶼲Ը£Ǿ÷ǲȫֳ𣿡
Сͷ
ҲҪСֳԭİò޵þֳ̡Ǳøôһݵǡ
ֳػֻܿЩҲֳˡ
ǻµĳͻ޳ɣ
µ˿ڡԽµϵ
µְҵҪķǰ


334 ˳
գϴйǰĿյٰһǰ, ߽ǰ
, ĳ̶ֳ˵Ǹûʲôںˡûж, ҲѧϰûȤ, øŵ, Ҳ֡
ǴӦһû׷, ׷ϲһܾۼ׷ߡ
ǰʱ䷢°һӢ, һ豻ͳʿȵĴ
ۼһϣҪ£ⲿЩ˳õİ, ҪõĴ̼
仰˵Ҫһ¡
ǽͿ԰ǰˣǻʲô, ǲʵеĿ, һİΣνֻҪһɰǾۼΧһճԣϰǻ
ǽ, ֻһ취ˡ
ôˡ
ڳϾǼʮŷų۵һʵƤ̶أˮ졣
󲻻̫ÿΧĹҲĴǹʿкܶ඼ǽĳŮңƽգֻҪഺ綼Խһ۴ˡ
ⳡܲ棬һΪȤζԣһǡͲҪ̫档
ͽһˣʮһҲʮһнʮˣ̫Ҳйϵ
ţûԱ
ʵĵģΪеʱһƹĵĶйͻᷢ˵һ
ǣоһʱ򲻷Ч
ʱд˵һһþ̵˳ȥһȺ˵ȼ䴩ŵŹȥ
ΧĹڶ쳤ӣҡӣ˵졣
Ǹ򣡡
֣
ڹĹñȷһֱ̫͡ǰʾĽߣֱǻ졢ͺ졣
ӻ߽ŵһ֣Ӻ߽֣Ӻ߽֡
Ȼһ߱һҪԶֵʮԶĿǰûܴôԶ߽ȥ
ԶҲûоͷȷܻһαһθ߻⣬ճΪ̸ļƷ
Ϊ˵֮ӢۡΪʤԳΪϵ飬ǻ˵ǡǶһֱڻʤû䡱ͲעⳡǲǷӵ쳣ɫˡ
ڹϯϣҲ¶̨ϣӸ£ܰ۵ס
ûл̫ʱȥⲡ㣬н䶼һϯϡֻٿڡڱԹ
̫ˣ㲻ӶȥһӵģⲼеýǴ߾Ϳɣˣ
װɵҼǵòʮˣǻһЩȻһЩɱˣӦòôడ
ⲲѹСãȻ֪ڸʲôðɵӣ
Ҫ֪ĺ˾ǱˣĴ֮λɻϷأ˵ʱôֺּ࣬ʣͲ˵Ƶˣ껹أ
ֳǲϲ˶𣿡⻰˵꣬Ӧᣬͦÿ
ĿְŤˣΪͣⲿ󻹿޵øˡ
ԶⲻȺˡ
ֱֽһֻŲ°ϡ
ⲿ޵һ뿴һĻͣһ½ſޡ
רעĿı
ȥֶ˶٣ѽĽÿ쵽һע⵽ⲡ㶼ڿ־ͣˡ
Ľź̫á
Цһ£ǰ潪裬Ҳûߣڽ°ˡһ³ǽ·ˣȻ߲ˡ
䣺
ĶԹ˵Ҫٿˣֻǲ˵һ˵Ѵ
ô᲻
ܾùҪóһ£ֻ벻˰Щ˸֮⣬ʲô
˵Ľ£ľӵһµ֣ʮʮ£ǰ߿ܲҪʲôҪÿһ²ǵôһìǹ
ͲС֡
ұҪģôȻûȷ֣Ⲳ½ĿǰѾнʮˣһЩʮˣ
˵
ǵһ㣬Թⲡֳעµ˶ôĽеıһξ䣬˵ԼͻᱻϿˣǲô̰ĵ˶ԼľУֻҪſԼˡ
֮⣬Щ˻ʲôã
ͷֹⲣ㶼ð̫˲һ£ϣյ˿ڲҪ̫죬һá
˵޴
Ϊ³Ĳô˿ڣ˿ڵûĵʱһµٶȡ˸ȷΪ˿ڹĻݰ̫ʳԼǾͻ᲻Ƶӣӣ󣬵ӵٶȻȵֳʳٶҪö࣬ؾҪԷһһʮʮʳȴһ곤һʮ곤ʮĽǰԼˡ
³ǲڳԵʳҲ൱һǴģ罪Եʳ붼֣ԵԹġκġнģС
ڿٹһ£³ͻӭ죬ʱЩô죿ûʳڳⶳʱʰʬ׶û㹻֡̾ΪǺãӦþ˸ϻȥ
ðջԭӦõİ취ҲʡµġЩ˻᲻ڻ·ϣȥԲƵļͬûʳôǾͲǵˡ
ٲֳǵ⡣
ϻȥҲһ˵
ǿδءЩ˻صȻ̫عǣôҲᷢһЩʳǹֳǿûôʳȰ·ˡ
ϣĻͷ˵ھ͸Щǣ˰Ǯ
һ㶣Ӧ
Ļû˵͸оںݺݵһ¡
á
俴һĻܾеʲô
ȹⲺ͹ˣʽһ͵ǻô죿δ䣬ԼͨˣٸЩ
˸ۣôģǲͻˣͺӦõİɡ
˳ȥǰѾܿˣ㻹ʰЩˣ᲻̫ˣ
ҡͷڽãڻͬ飬˶ΪһȨѹĴʱǲ˸ðͷġ
۸һûõĴǺˬû˸ҹ۸ǰ۸ģϻҪԼһҳĴ졣
˶֪۸أ
Ǿǰ֮
бĳǳظ˷ǵĺأ
ƣΪѽ˰Щĵġûдĳ̫ؾȻҰùΪ˰͸
ڳһĿɿڴ
һ£ô죿Ц
ʲôô죿Ⲵ˸ս
ЩǻΪʸ֮ģû췴ƻĻǸϽϴɡ
˶û۹ЩǳϺĿܡܻϵǺͲͺҪҪЩʳֳǺ󣬴ʱʲôӡ
Ҫʲô򿪺ͻҪġ
ңǶСЩ˵̰ͶӡǸԵģָձϺ͹ϱƵΪĵزʵʵͺϹ
ⲾȥЩǵˣһͺˣҪۿ򿪣βˮܵͷϡ
һ˵֣£ô
Ҫ޹ֳ֣Ѿ˿ʼдˣеޣò˫ƷԸ߹
Щ˻֪ǿǸһĺӡ
ʶķ֣³һ̾Ҫ֣ˡ
ЦԹ֣£վϿˣĲضֽ׶ЩԾ͹ˣοרԣ֣κӦöϢԹǱϢҲֻʱ⡣
ԹзӦˣٿһô˵
ⲳĬһСʹ㣺ûʲô𣿡
ôеһ£ùϲġ
˼Ƭ̣ҪȻȥٰɣ


335 ⣬б
£ǸӺæýųĹ㡣
ùһ͸㰵ͨȻ˸Ѫģ
ѹ˳, , ³ǰĻᡣ챻ܿˣ
źߣ֮⻹
ͬĿ˵ˤ, ˡ
˵Ⲵ
׵
尲ο㻹˽ǰʱҲ, , ӭɣԶںֻҪһ޾ܸƲ, ܰѴȥץۿˣôܻ
һ˵һĹⲺļ磬ҲС, һ㶼һʵۣڼﱻƭֳ, ֳǾܱƭˡ
ⲿԺ˵ɲҲģңֻԼ취ˡ
ͷ⣺ȱǮȱ, Ҫù¿, ʹӺǮ͸Ҫùţֻĺĺ꣬껹Զĺ
Լˣ, 㡭
ٽôҵǽǣ
̾˿ֲɱ㣬㣬Ҳһǿȥˣûġ
ⲻûⷬӽȻʣ
ĸغ꣬ǴӺĸĽ½ꡰӦá˰ȻٳĻ˵ֳ
ǶôͷһΥûз֣Ǯ쵽ֳˣ֪£˵ֳⲡ
תĹԭⲻζƬ̣ߵĴ˼ϣ˵ͻȻúý
ϣЦ˵ԴҵԺҲҵˡŰʹ죡
ȥй
Դӽǲ̨ˣأҲ˵أйߵһձһ֡
ȥʱһȺӳಲͿͩͣ췢ꡢŮе˻ߡ
һۣҲվסˣߵķϣ·̴Ӷĺܣһźã
ˣ
жսȷʵҵúܡ
һ۾ͿһϤӰ
¶̨ͿǰרĵĿ·ıǰ۾һµġ
ⲻǺܳ£֪¶Ҳûʲôⲱ㵱û֣ûº㹫һȽһţ˸֣Źһ𻶺֮ڵûعæ֮͹һۣæǰѺǮʳˡ
ֻһЦ־ʹϣɣ֪£˵֪
Ц˵ĳʹйʳˡ
¶̨ɴвֹһˣйⲣɴ߽ȥһˣҡҪӪȥˡ
û˵꣬Ц˵Ҫһء
˼Ͳ˵ˣǳȥϴ軻·һºٻصǰ֡
ʲô
ˮȻܲˣʳǮÿٳȻҲ
ԴӽǿҰģ񽪼ΧȫǻĶˣҧ⣬Ѫ
ԽԽģҲԽߡ
ͬʱҲ֪ԴΪ񣬷ֻˮųδйĹʡ
ֻⲢڸ߶Ƕ˵ʵ
򵽵Σó󽪼ʲôϧۡ
ԼϱȻһС˵д˺ۼͲ¶ǰǴ֧
ֻд湨ⲱ飬֤ǵ˲ںͽϵֻһ⡣
֧֧ʵǹԸԸ⿪ڡ
ѾӦˣֻǡЦһ¡
ڵθڡҲ̲ס´ǡ
潪˵ˣҪ룬һֱҲ޿κΰ
ǰʱ佪빨֮佣ţһ߲ģûֳ󣬽ҲûϭġڶԲǴˡ
⿴ܼ٣ϵİնšҲǱô
Ҫٵ˶ܿǽҪĽ
Ŀǰķ̫ԶˣԺһ֪֮ǰƷҵʱʱֳѾӪ꣬иռݴ壬ɱ̫֮ƽ
Ժȴ«
Ȼ̲ȥǾֻ£һҪһߴ˶֪빨ϲǹϵĴԸΪ˴ã̫ƽίģ˶Ҫ
Թ˵͹ϵе㲻һˡ
깨ռŵԲôὪϣȴֳǣڽϵƤ¡ǹ¾սԮҲ޴һʣͬʱҲǹϷֳǵȷ
䣬ǰʱ䣬ȷˣͳʡ
ͷԡΪԼֺù
ⲻǲ뵱ʣվ̨ǰµһ湫ҡ֣ùС⣬б
ʳˮɽľӻţҡڵֽһֳǡ
̳֮ǡֺϡǡǵǳص˰Ҳˣõˮһֻ󣬴̼ҲƼǳ⡣
ֳͣǿֳǳǽǲġ
Ѿ쵽ˣ֮ǰ޽塢ʿӴ岢԰еǲ뿪ǴסĵطǾŰȫұұ
뿪磬ûгԵĶûסĵط¶ûУôأ
˵öʳǶгԵ˰ɣ
ôʳǳôࡢôˡ
ǡʱΪЩҪ˰ǮֻҪ
ڽԪ֮󣬽ֳһմ̡Ĵ
һֱ죬ͣԽ˵
䰴Ŷͷеͷۡ
硭
ãáӦ㡣̾˿
ΪôʳǼٵġ
Ŀǰͣ˽ֳǵʳǺĺֳеʳǰŽֳǣٳֳǣɽ˴ţӷǡˮһȦٽֳǡ
ĿľͳаΪʳúܣԳԲꡣ
ʵϳ˺ꡢ̳ǡ֮⣬Ǹձõǧٿף˵꽻˰ˣδ꣬û÷ǽ˰
ֺγǣҲǽĴӪʳ˵ģ˵ֻ
˫ӳǡϪǺһİڻڽ״̬ͬҲʳˣڳͭȴһҲ
ǳҲûô쵽ң൱һֳǳϰ߰ѽ˰ϵ괺ٽ
οߣҪǮЩ˲Ľںɡ
ݣζβءԲĸ˵ʱû취һʱ㶼ر˵£XXXXXXXûء
ЩһŶֹһҰǵ׳ˡ
ںΪʲôô죿ǵȻΪ֮ǰû͵͵ѱɵֳǸ
ͺܲΪûûⲻƭˣƭԼʳԹʱô죿
Ҳ취һ˴Ӹܺû˳ԵĻԵģҪ
Ҳǵһû˻ΪʲôҪôʳǲǳʳǲʳм٣û뵽ȥΪڸľ
ͬʱͳƿʼˡ
õ֣¹ҪǷӵ׳Ůͯ
ˡŮˡСӡ
ΪʲôûˡΪʮˣǧ֮һ
ҪŮˣ
Ϣһ֮䴫ڳ⡣
ͬʱŮĻ֣¹ԼйǾͼǵýҪŮ֣ȫˡ
ȥй˹
ָѾ˻䣬ѼΪ˸Ů빬Ϊְ⣬Ϊ͵ϢУ˵˷յĻǸˣǶᱻҰ߿һֻлһű
ְ׼ĻҲô˷ϲΪҪʳšϼܻۡӭһֱСӡŮӡӡ
û취ı˵Ĺֻ˵֣йҪĹΪĸˣΪϸģŮӸ֣ơ
֮庢ӵļո߳
ʱ֣Ҳٵ͸¶ȥˣ˵˿Ŷȡ
׳еѾ֮⣬Ůͯһ֮ھͼˡ
뽪һȥ̳ǡ
̳Ѿ졣
ԭصֳǺס˸Ȩ̳õ·߼չȥû˻·
ЩŮûʲôôģǰԺŻϢҪһ꣬ꡣ
̳ȴѾȹ˻ֲ̿Σڣƽȷչ֮ѾʼΪ˵ıܡ̳ǴϢУ̳ǵ˿ڷ˻ӭľŮӺͺӡҪӵģҲֻ븧ӣмġ
̳ǿأūū࣬Ůū䵽
ֳĿǰ״̬ȫ෴Ů˺Сġ
ֳ̳ǵеѾµ̻
ɷ糱²ⲻһ׬ǮĻ
Ҫ͹ȥˣǻ
ҪϰȻܰ͹ȥȻǵǱߣֻǴһУ䵽һжѡ


336 ³
ʱпһ˵ҲԴһ, ڵ³, ڵĽ˵ˡ
ˡ³Ѫ͹ǼܣȻķֳ˺üɲ, á
ԱΪͷ, ³Ҫһ
ҡǹǼ, Ŀǰ³ԾңǡĹԱѡ͡ҡϵһĶǡӡҡѡȡԱ
һ˵, ˡҡȨҡӡȡ˳ĹȨ
κʱ޶ģģĿǰ, ³ĴʧȥȨԽԽˣֻϵˡ
Һãǹ̵ҪɡһûѴԵĸ̨ϸ, ǾͱҪ
֮һжҪˣռ³˿ھųɾŵİյû˹ģҲûз̨
ͬʱųɾŵİղƶ³չѪ⡣ȫû, ҺʹҲͲشˡ
ڵⷽƵϵӦ, Ҳʲôϰ
ڶԴϣһĲΪ׼ʼĽ׼Զû취ѾˣҲ
ڿǰյúܶ࣬ȴ١
²ض˰ա
ͬʱҲĿ, Դ˵ǱŮԸãҲһԴ֮ŮͬʱԴƽϣ𵽵øӦ÷Χ㣬Ҳ
Դӹŵͳ߶ԴͻʳһȥͻᡱԴԱġ
෴ŮԴֻҪԴвŻá
ִᣬŮΪǻ۶ҫԣ൱̶ֺŮ֮ĲࡣΪǻ۲Ա
ŴײͳߵоǻۿԣֻҪܸɻС
ŮԵλʵ˵ˣǸǴ
ֳɵӿԽıһвûʲôáıȫܣΪ죬ִȻûдɡ
ֲԸ⿴ŮԼΪڼеġӹ
͵Լһæ
ðһա
ëүүһͷϣкܶû¶ҵ취ŮԵλ⣬ëүүҲٹҲˣǣֻŮԵĹλ
ʵһֱëүүǴԽġ
յйĹǷԺкܶ¶Ҫѧϰ
һ¾Ƿ֯£ڶ
Щͨ˼ңлмūͣҲҪ񡣲Ƿߡ֯¡϶ᡣйѧȴڼв̫һΪһġ
һ򹬸ֳɺüÿ춼ڼһȥˡǧһߡ֯¡̫Ǿˡ
Ǻ֪ܿķƵ·͸ʿ͵ʿӴȥ͸
˵ǵļˣ
ЩŮ˶ԸͶ뵽ȥ
ײģָĶµǺпܻڶ֮ǰˡ
Щ͹Ů
йͻȻװˣŮˡúܲڡ
Ҳųˣʹ̨ˡһЩͯ̨ñ֮ǰֶˡ
뿪û죬ڱɧҡ
˵ǣ˲ࡣΪͰƬˣΧʿѲߣɧҺʿ̰ѾۼϿдͷļɱˣֻ˱ļˡ
Щ޳ЩǼСū͡ϸŵģʮ󳵣ȻÿҲбԣҲ·
ͺ
ǼʮĽɻмסһ𣬼з˼ң䲻ȥһѣһˣ˭Ҳֲǡ
úܺãʩȴûôסǳȥɱˡٲƶ˳ʱ˻򱳻һСв󵶣ȫǽѪ˭£ҽһƬԶˡ
ܳʱԵľսʿǻĶ񣬺óߣʿΧȥһûܳɡ
Ҳṩһ˼·ûǮǮҲǮ
ǿѪˣ׼ĸһ㣬ܵøһ㣬ʿû֮ǰߵĻˣ磡
Ϳ
вŵĻ룬ͨѲߵʿǸã
ܿõϢ֪ͨҪˣѾˡ
˵ϰǿ
Щͷ˻ʵԼļƻǷֽѾˡ
˵ŭ˵ˣ˵
˵鷳ˡ
Ļ̡̻ǺԼҪˣµЩЩʵģֳǳ⣬ôѲߣߣҰٱǾǺ첻Ӧеزˡ
ֳǵļŶΧˣйſҲΧˣˮйͨ
ӭʹʿ˵º󣬿Ĳ״̨
ȥ͹ͷˡ
Ϊ߱ܵͷΪ˱ٷ£ϣֳ˶Ҫµ·ɡ
òǳİջǳ񣬶Ǵ񣬶³ˣΪһͬʣֳҲֳǵĻɡ
ҪֳǻҪʮ뿪ֳǣǰԭ
ֳ˵Ժһ˻ؼ磬׼ߡ߲ʿΧš
Ϊ˷ֹɧΪǵİȫ
ʮܿȥˡ
ǴҶֳǻˣǣǼˡ־ǳ⣬ǼǵҲԾͶֳǶˡ
ʣµĻֵ¾͸̳һˣ־γ󣬶ĸλֵֽ¡
ǼԺǾͲյˡֵͬģͬˣһҷ£ͬ֡ͬ
ҵǼǵĺ̫ˣмˣĸֵܶ˭ͣû޶ȵȣǼڲᡣ
˵Ϊ˷ֹﷸʲôȷ˵
³Ҳ䲼ˣܼ򵥣ɱˡŻ𡢼ԡթץԺ󲻿ͷֻǮͷ
ΪʴȣƣԸɱˡ
󣬶İΪûסҪǷӡԼǡ
ụ̂Լ̣ˡ
ûй
ûеһУǶҪԼ
ⲷˣڶԶ¾ǹԭ£κ£ȥı﷢κ飬ֵκ⣬˼ȥ
µ
գֳҲӰ죬ɹҪӡ


337 Ӳ
ѾȫǸˣһɫȫǳ๸Ķ, һϥϵ㲹Ŀ, һ˫¶ŽֺͷƲЬͷϵıԼĲġ
Ǹ, Ǹɿ֡
, Ҿֳ, иĸֵܣ, Ϊڽ˵ժǹĻͱʷץɽĹֱ֯ա
, ﲢ޹ʷҡʱṥһŮҲûдģ䵽³ֻܹԼ
ȥɽʱ, ЩѺȥﷸһˡǡþС
ҲûлؼңǱ͵һ񡱡
ûؼңҲټĸˡϣԼûûҹĹ, , ֳˡֳˡ
죬Ǽ֤ġ
ʵڳ棬ǰûǰڼʱһԼҵļףٸҲһ, Ƕǰģûÿ˶ҪһԼĻ
Ǹڰ˿ۡ㲣һܱʣһֵĶɫеĵطɫܱȴɴ
Ѿд˺ܶˣдʱСģָϡȫǺɫī㡣
磺硣
˾дϣʣˣ
л䣿
Ů
ң

дһ֮󣬴̧ͷʳ磺ʲôգר
ԥһ£שʯͷɵò٣Ǽա
ǸˡЩ˵ڣȻΪԼǸʿӡڳϣΪԼôƺԼ
˵۾һӷˣ˼֣ɶ֣
˵ԼǶ˵Ķˣ𣿸һԭװļܲİĶ
һհ׵ľԼдһƪ
˵Լд˸һƪĬд
˵ñ˸һԭ
ԶżҲô׹ġ
Ѿʧ˺ܶˡ
ᡣǰһӡ
иǾųߣһиȥʻ
类ߵĴǰһȺˣȫϥڵϣһƬľϥϷһղǰĲ֪ʲôĶеϥϵǸõģ˶СƵø顣
˰ѳһλϣ£ԱһƬľһƵݸ˵仰ҿ
粻̫ףѾϰ£Ͱڳƣ˵ͷ
˵磬ֳϡȻԼ
£ȴ˵꣬һƬľϸպе֡
һϲݺ˳缸£ããã֣Ǿ̵ġƵúòҲзֱģȻСһ£ôȻղ˵ͬ˼ģһƬˡ
Цһ䣺ֳ
һ䣬ƵЩ
á
Цŵͷ˵úøɣȻǶˣܲɣСպ˵Ҳܷ󰡣
绹ڷģ
һ£ֱָ֣ĳһľƬ
ܿ죬Сͯһа˸ߵˣװľƬ
Сͯڳһ־ܹȻһˮʣƨҪҪݵһ㡣
Ѿܾûô̺򡱹ˣʱܳ
СͯĽ˵¾ͽǣ־ٸǾˣҪַ㣬Ǳ߾ֻ˵ʩһ뿪
ػֻû
ЦеģһľУȡһǶ˵ֽǹơúܣ飬õʱСĵ㡣Ķľϣǵ˳򣬵һֽСͯ߾ˡԺȴöģ˸סĵطҲаţбл¯˴ȥϴ裬ȴպһ°ɡ
ЩҪд񣬱˰סˣʯУᱻ˷ֵģ첻ҪˣⶼǴҪĶ

ӼߺȻͶ뵽ȥ
һƬһƬһƬһƬ
˻ƻʱ֣죬緢ߵ̰ϥϵֽŽľУҲϽѧһСͯǾͣˡ
һǰһͣðɢŽ㣬ΧһƬʿˮСͯͺ붼£˱ͣеȻ
ԭǷˡ
нһ£͵ϲ֮Ȱ͵׵Ķԣһھһ鼦⣬ŵʱӿˡ
⣡Ⱑ
ٳԣֳһͷ֪ʲô㣬СĺܣǶˣ´̣˼ȥڣ
ڳһ鲻֪ʲôĶƴ󣬽ɫȴģҧһڣŨ֭ˣ
ʲô̲סҪվ
ûԹʳ
Աߵһ˺ϳҲרĴڳԵģˣ̾ǹģ˵ж飬˵ԵĶģóԵúܣҲͶʳС
ǳԵǶʳˣʳǡǹ͸ˡŮͰյʳ
԰ȻΪǳԵʲô˴ڳţ̵ĺһߺһ̵
ʲôԵĶģи˲˵ķǹģǻôô˵
Լ˵ǻƶġҲ
ûΪС̧ͯűˣѵø߸ߵıִģÿǰһ̣üС
ͿԱ°ڶţװ˰ԲݣСͯҲá
ѧٿΧ˶öپöٵá
СͯſտյĿԺߵ˲ĸóԣֻڲУ˵ˣľǸɱˣǸӲûã
лѡﾹȻʹˣԵú㣬Ҳ͸ѧȰĶ̾˳Թ⣬ݡԣȻ֪Ͱѻġˡ
֮Ϊ˽ʡƻ𣬴Ҷȥ˯ˡסһٶˣÿ˵Ĵ̶ڵϵģһľ齣б죬˻һƤܹϱů
û˵һ¾Ͷ˯ˡ
ڶ죬֮ǰ˶ˣĸ磬˻ûѣͱһ߰쵽˵ǰˮϴɡ
Ѿ벻һϴǼǰˡˮЩ̣ˮԺû취ˮϴ̺ˣˮ˺ӣϴͷ
ϴָ꣬·µģɾģɫӡӣ̫е㳤ˣҲЩʴ
˵ã컹·
л˭·ȥл
˵ǹĹģҪǮ㴩ɣ˶С
Ȼ쵽죬ѾԾܶˣһ˶У
˵ҲأҪ䣬ǣԼĹŮ·ǴǾҲˣ·ɫǹϲģҲϲɫһϴ
һţǳһŵĻȥԼһֱΣܻ˯Ұ˼һҪȥʯͷľϡ
صЩм䣬緹ֿһľ
Ȼһ츴һ죬ÿ춼ˡ
һֱѡҲԽԽˣһʱǼһŷƮѩˣ쵽ˡ
ⶼġ
̨źɫ£ͷڣźɫĺãϡףҲһڣͷڡ
ԱߵĽһߵ㡢ⲣһĴ硣
⿴еĹŮ̴Ӷ⣬·Ӻ˿ûڴͷϵɫ˿һȥľơ
̾ס̨
˭뵽ǹùŮ͹·ɫأ
ΪˡɫȸԼһָһʣµĲ˵̫ӶˣеҲˣⲷֺҲԼ·
˵ɫǿȾģȱȾ϶׵áֲĻм⡣
˵ɫϴϴϼɫҲöϴˣҲֻɻɫ
·ưģ϶ưóһģƴ˵·һ˴ͷβá죬̫ˣȻĹŮÿٳֻҲʮ·
⻹ֻǹһı֮һ
һǳ³ֵˣƶˡ³ֵ̣ƶӡ
ƶ۸ˡ˵
Ǻġ
ǹе׸һʳһ˶
㶼֪ΪʲôľʯͷȥѹǸʳ
ԭǻƶ򵥣Ҳ鷳ڶʳз˴ʿзҿžʹȥˡ
һʱƶӼ˹סȻֱųԻûϲĥһĥһѹһѹţͳϲʳˡ
˵ǹҶӣԴժƲһ㣬˶ԳԵʳ
ȥɢġͷΧ۵βĹ㿪ʼĻɡ㲻Ů
Ϊһֶֽ
ĳһ죬ɲݽȻĥ飬ټӵˮ
ܼ򵥣
ֻĥٷŵˮǰظ˲°ٴΣÿĥˮòԡ
һظһظ
˵һɡ
öֽ
˶Ϊһʳڴ
ȹÿˣɴޣɱӣٰѱӷŽУʢѾɺͿĲݽȲݽеˮ©⣬ӱϽһƬɫġĶ
˵ֽ
īëֽд֡
ֽ̫࣬Ϊۼ£֪̫ɵԵʻǱģơ
Ѿ𾪵ˡ
˵Ժֽͽ³ֽԺ³Ҫϰʹôȴӹÿʼܿͻˡ
˵йֽȻû˷ԡ˽ˣ㲻Ҫ̧³ĵλ˶³С˭۸һѡǿֻڱĵطˢˢڸС
ʱù˽ʱ־̫˽
³û⻷һʱҪһֽҲȲ³
ͬ
ҪӭȢ֣ζʱԽԽˣ
ֽȸ³øպΣʱ̣һ򡭡ҪôԸֽЩͶ
ѾеıĹˣҲ˵˲ֹһˣ룬ξֱ׵˵Ծ
Цˣ˭Ҫҵ治³ܸɵ
ǺЦ˵ɵûʲô˵ġǣԸʲôϵԽԽðɣ
Ǵͽйֽˡ
ȻҪ¡
ҪڽһǽҪŹһϡ
ֻҪƽ磬ⲾͿԴǵ̳ˡ
Խ침Ԥ˺ܶ൱տֵܻʣҪһ̸ӦԣҲҪԷһʵ
û˸ʹ
˸ʣҪô˵ⲿɲҽ
һ¾֣Ѿûеõ³Ĺٷ֮ǰǿСԼΪɣ˴֣֣ļױ³ˡ
Ҳǿǿˡ֣³³δظҰٸϻȥΪǾǹĽˡ
Թٰ֣ϻȥսԴ˵֣Ұǧȫƽԭ̲סԹһϷ֣ˡ
ˣԸǿˡǲǿǺǺǺǡ
ʤ󣬶ѷΣС
ԽԽѾڿǳʹѡˡ
Ȱסˡ
һ³ԼҲ֣ҲҪԼǿһǰŶ֣֣ԼҲ˴ӱͱô죿߿ս³
ڶ֣ǽǰ취ܶģ߰ʮԲԣǺƽǽǣҪʹɱɱƻƽ


338 ³
ƱҪúףһġ
㵱ŹⲵҲ˵귢̫ˣǰô򵥡Ƿͼı, ַ˺ɱΧǵĹ, ³ᵣĴǷ񰲺ą̃Ƿ̫ƽ, ³Ƿɡ
֮, ԪТС¿ȷŵһ, ֮ǰġ
ⲴӸղž͵ͷװԼڣȹ˵, ̽ӻĻ⣺ˣ֪֣Ҫˣһˣ
Ǹ߲˲֪Ǹ˻ˡ
ΪҪĹϵ, ֳǵĳ˰ֻҪƽʱ֮һȻﲻֳܽǣȴ԰ѻڶ, Ҳֳ
˵ȿƱˮӵĺӵҲ򿪣ֻҪȥǼһ£øӹڴ, Ϳɴӽˮ, ֱֳǡ
ǰˮӶǵҰˣ˵ҪǵĴҲãúӱߵĿҲãҪǵ, Լġعأͻᱻ£ֻҪڴͷβ¾ʯ߲ˣиĵĻƿףߵ·ٳһϵˡữΪС
ڲˣйͽڣЩǡֳҲ׶ˡ
Ҳܿ춼Լҵ˻ɡȻԽԽ䣬ǲ񣬶ֳˣ˻ǾͲٱ˸ߣ۸ˡ
ڵǼʱкܶҵˡ¹
Ȼ˵ֳǣһƬĵءӡֵǿ¥ֻ֪ھǶ˭סϵ˶ʲôˣǸʲôģмˣмӣȵȡ
ԶԷľ;۵һŮǴźӣչˣʼ취졣
ǻĵأȻҪǷӵġһһסڳûҪô˵סҪôֻס
ȻסΣջһʱ֮䣬ͻȻ˽εƷ
ľǶǵһҵˣܿҷ֣ľڵǼʱһ˵ԼľֻǶ׼ľͷƬӣ̱ȥɻˣʿӴЩʿ׼ľΪֳӭʹ壬סʿ̫̫ˣƬͳ˽ȱ֮
һ
кܶѧľˣԸȻܿʹˡ
ǲƬҲȱˣܿһУľһе˵ǼǺ󣬷Ǹ˴۷һ¿۷࣬йۡ
ǹۣԼٷۣҲطۣÿӣǮ
ѾǼΪһľĹʯţĲطۣǮãøɻ͸ҷǮ
Ц˵壬ͷİɣǹ˵Ļ١湫ժǹйҲġһȣӦõġ
ʯ걻ͳ˽ūҲū벻ڰˡ١޴룬Ѿü춼˯žˡ
ھӶľ١ǵ٩ҲĽ֮⡣
۷־ŵȣһߣŵͣǮҲзֱһһʮʯŵһʯ
йЩ涨ֳľҪˣǷ׷ӿУвֻܶˣҲԵǼǺ󣬶׷εǼǣȼ
ʯΨһһһľ۷֮¶߼˼żһһȣרΪѧͽģѧͽûǮˡ
ôأ
ȼǹʯһȣ
ǰĿյһ̨ʯΪΨһһףͽΪαԱߣԹߡ
µİǿɡ׷ָָ㣬
ҪǱȵúõģǲǹ
ܶ˶ԼƷǴˡ˭δʦӺˣĳգĳأĳҽģ㿴Ҹμ
ⶼŵĴţ˵ùʯ˵սġ
Աţùõŵģͷ˵ֻ˵ɣһ׸ҾĻ
˵һ񳵣˵ǰ󿪡󿪡ҿôеţ˵ܰһˮɵ
Щ˶ˡ
Ϊʯһ仰ȫҵۣ쵽ǮҲСǴģҪ𣿡
ֳǳڱһн÷ӿû˷ԣڳ⣬ܵ񡭡ܶ˾͸㲻ò÷ԣûɷԣ
˶ˣֳ˵УڲҪǹˡۣ˵ǵǴƣǮе
ǲеأ
ȵֳǵľҲʼ뵽ȥ仧ʱ˳ЦֻǰӬͷС˵ʲôסڳǽ˵ֳˣзе𣿻˯Ұ
ֳǰմлǼʲôģĴںƭ뼷¡
ӦõЩ񲻱߾Ͳˣסڳ⣬ѾǴǵİˡ
̫չǣ˾Ͳˡ
ȻҲȥˣҲˣȻ·Ĳ÷졢εĽ֯չȵȣȻڽ˵ֻҪһרնȥеǼǣ
ô˵Ϊһӵܺóࡢ֬רԼױɫǷԣ㡣˵к󣬳ڶֵ̬ȥˣ֬գҪҪأ
оóƷ
˾Ͱľż֬óˣ֬ࡢ֬ۡ֬ˮȡʲôʱܸظ
˵ҪԵȼա
˱Ϊ˶ӣȥˡպ󣬴ˣЦӯӯĶ˵Ƶ֬ãȴֻȡ
˸տʼֻ˿ɵˣĻΪʲôֻǶȣѵ֬Һ𣿡
Ц˵˵ɫԵЩÿ
û뵽Լ֬Ǳˣ룬Եȣȥ䣬ӵױ̨͵һ֬ݸ˵ֻһεɫֻһУ빫ԡ
ֹһգ֬˵˵ΪһˡҪٵһɫͷΪ̽ɡ
˰ѡ̽ɡૼѾˣúúã Ҷģ
³ԺٿоͲһЩͷһ֮ܵݰ
Һ׾ȥӣ֮ǰ˭뵽֬ܵõĿ佱أ
Ҳ̫Ϸˣ
Ϸĺã
Ƿеˣ۸òøȷ˻УɹעҲôˣǸԼܲһرļգõ͹Ļأ
檵֬УûǲУ
ϵԼȻȣʱԸǷǮ˵ûϵԵ˻˲Ϸġ
֪Ͱһˣĳ󣬹ŵ˾ͲسˣȻЧá
˶ʵҲֻΪıǾͻȥ˵˼ʯʳС¡
ժ¥ֹд֣һֶͬһ֣һʣǸһ㡣
תͷ㿴һţһ˳ۣ
ǰһȥָмһ˵á
մ֬ı滭˸Ȧ
һߵѾһ֣ǻȦġµ³֡
ҲǼ֡
һٶ֣ĳ죬˵ҪѼּһ¡
鹤üѾе㲻̫ˣֻܶҪѧôдҪ̫๦Ѽּһ£ֻڹԺͳ³֡ô
ô
벻ԼʱôģֻǴ㶵˵򻯵̫кֺܶǾֻУҪǹ⡢âֻĵС
һСı䣬̫Ҳ̫ķ֮˵
˵ôô
ģ
ãЩСùѾӦˣӦȥҪ¡
ǣз£һְˡЩˣһЩŹǰĺӣȥˡ
ûסĵطӡ
ӷʧıܵȥˣ᲻ֳΣգǾٶؿϼ̲顣ЩĻˣ뿿ֳһ


339 ֣
ܳʱֻҵĹ, һƽվѧ, Ҳû·ûֵԭ
Ϊû󰡡
ҵСӴӿʼѧ֣ʮ, ʦ, ĸ, вôҲܰѼָѧˡ
Խ, ԽֳǵĴ֣֮ͨüд£Ƶһֺü, ͳͳʡ
Ҳǰոһǵ
Խ˵ûʱȰǶѧ֣Щ˶񽪵Ƶ, ߻罪ٽԺȣΪһڱæԸѧ, οգ
ҵȻ׵Ϊ, ԣƱҪӰѡȡ֡
֣׵ıѧϰģ¡ʶ
ҲҪҵķӦľǮԣ֣һҲᴥе񾭡
Һͨȥʵ, Ŀ
һкܶຢͯǶһĺɫ·СӣǸɻĴȥˮ÷Уڳȥʱ
Ϊһͨһ춼վ
ͳ˿ͷÿһ춼ڱ࣬ԽԽÿ̶ľЩֽûпһ졣
û˱ԹҲûΪڣǶǴˣǶԹͷ֪ףο紵ţţøɻгкȣСֻ̺ͯҪ㲻ֶѣѵҪԹ
ֵֻĴĴָʳָָȫ˺ۣĺԵҲͺƤߵ˿ʱʱ۵õһο˼Ӿͺˡ
ǰ˺Ͳˡ
ֱ꣬ЩСͻȻҲľΧʼˡ
˴죬۾ɬֱԱֵСӿȥһЦˣһʡÿһˡ
һʣһ
СӺ˵ǹ˽ǵģ˵жͯ֡˵ţľ翴
ӹСƵݸǲͬƵǻСƵĺֻһĶһľֻ֣Ƶü󣬱ʱʷȻۣȷʵһۿ塣
ͯ֡ૡ
˵ȷʵһ֪ʲô˼СӿӦģôԴһʼͽ̸Ǵأ
絽׻û˵ʲôֻǰľ򻹸Сӣơ
һ²һ¡룬οǹ˽ǵġŲء
ֺͯܿΪȷʵȼҪ򵥣Ӧ÷Χܹ㡪Ϊȫ볣õں̵ܶʱдˣǴûˣϼ֣ͯȥʱ·ˡ
һƬңȴҲ
Ϊӻңңڣֵȴͻģ·ƾͳ·ڡ·ϻʾһЩϵȵȣķһЩѰ׷ѵˡ
Ҳֹ˺ܶ¼١¼ķ
һˣΧ̾ͻΧɷ˵˸͸Ѳߵʿߣ˾˵ᱻȥ޽µĳǽ
Уͯ־ͻһ֣й֣˵ֵԭǴд֡
£ҵǶܿˡǰû飬˴ԺԴѧʡȿȡ
Ϊü̫ѶѼָĵüһ㣬дһ㣬ݱΪôöģԹĶҪü򻯵ļд߼ͨ˳ġ
Ȼֻ³ڲ£ʽĹرǸʱ򣬻Ҫüֵġ
ֵȶͯҪֻ࣬ͯвһ֣֣Ŀǰչһǧ֣ϾѾһҪˡ
ΪùܸõڹԱмƹ㿪Žͽѧ֣ҪǱ뾡ϰдԺдģҪù֣Ǽ֡
һεѧϰϵģȽѧøá
Խ˵Ѿѧôķʽд̫ˣдֻһǡ
أֻҪ˵ֱǰдˣΪƵģ㿴ǲǱԭҪ˺ü
ô˵飬ԹֵĺøԽԽѧҲлԡ
ѧ䡢塢ϧЩ˺ܿͷˣдˣ
дĶǴ֡ԣй֣֡
رٶԶԷĿʼѧϰ֣ѾʼùдԼ¡Ϊý㿴
дͷ䡢塢ϧ˵׷ԹΪ׵ĹҲһʱӦãһ˶û뵽ٶȥˡ
Ϊƺ˵üдǲῴģùдͻῴ
ΪԼ¡ܱЩ˲ϧһдۣ
֣³ؽġ
С֣ȴԸɽֱֳǡ
вû˷ԣȴûšùСϾ֣
֣Ľ㣬֣ŮҲСģҾ͸û˵ˡ
֣ף֣ŮĴŮһ͵³ȻΪ³ķˣ֣֮ǰЩ˶Ҫˡ
ɽ·ߣϡܿǵӰҹﻹǰ죬ǵټ
֣Ǵӵʱ̺ŮŮȻʹһ˿ʱڵ
ĸ׻֣УȻѾٲٳּۣ֣Ҳˡ
Ȼ֣ҲǵŮ
СʱΪԼֻǹеŮĸһ𳤴󣬴СʹŮ·˯ŮŮһԷһɻֱ֣λһǰ˵֣֮ŮĸҲŮĸŮ԰ᵽһȥסˡ
һΡ
˼Ժ󣬲ζĸŮӺùˡ
֣ûǣ˰ʱ֣ʹĶ⣬Ǿ֣ˡ
ǵøհµĹңŮ̺ʱĸŮжˡ֣Ľβϣĸһϣһϣͣ˵Ҿ֪ҵģԺкӹˣ
Ƕ׹ˡ
ԺҪ֣ѡʱĸ׶˵ΨһĻᣡ
һӻһλǹҲܿޣҲϾҪѾСˣĸ˵һҪΪܴȥ
֣ǵǣȻҲǵѡһλ֣ȥҪôҪôͻᱻϳȥͷ
˴ص֣µĲɵȹѾΣԺĹǰԺ
ԺȻͰˡ
ԺŮߣ̺֣
֣ףж䲻֪أ֪жٴΣ֣ϣؿڣ֣¿ˮҶѸٵĹ֣ŭһ䱦аء
գԺŮ˵ϸġԺŶ࿴
Ȼ֣ǰ³һѡΪĻˣ֣ʶǣȻ׽ǡҲ͵֣޲ߡ
ڱһҪˡ
õһϢҴժ¥
ĥ֣˳ָǰһĸ˳ۣ
ʵҪľǲǼܣʶֵҲһϳǸʲô֡ı̫࣬᲻Ĵ
Լŵʱ̫ãѾʧȥˣһ㶼ǿָ
һ飬ָһ˵áʲôطˣ֣Ȼûˡ
ЦˣñȦԲȦĳ˿ڡԲȦû٣ڡӦ÷Χ㡣
ϳˡ
ѡһ֣һ֣±ʣʲô£
˵ܷϢ֣СѾ²ˡпܸ֣һ³
ѵ÷Ӧһ£Թƽ׹˵֣Ҳӡ³ˣ
ͷп˵֣ͣСΣ֣λϣɨء
λˣ֣ȻԸԼĴλˣ߾Ҳûɾܾˡ
ɶС˵λ˶ҪЦѧ㻹ռŴλӲһɳƵųˡ·ġ
ٵһȣĸҰλˡ
ֻ֣ȰСͳ֣Թ˽ˣȥ
С³³ҲҪô֣ϻһңСһҲ鴫
˲ţΪ³һҪʣ
³С³ʣǾ³խˡ
˿żĲ򽪵
Ϣ߹򡣡Ц
ǰٵ֪Ϣһ˯ŵģʲôأϻǮʳǺܼʱİ
Ź¡


340 
һ֪ʲôõİ취ס
кü춼Ⲻ͹, ڼ乨̨Ȱ, ˵Ϊ仹ǲϽ̨Թǳ
Ȼ, ǴһǲҪȥˡ
صԺ, ȥ, ȴһ۵ȥ˶ңȥ˶Ժ, ǿ˵Ҫظˡ
Ρ˵
ⲱΣ˵Ժ, Ҳú̫ԡ
˵Ѿ˸϶ǿˣǲǻظ
ǿһ·ɽȥûȥˮЩ˻ɵĵط, Ҳȷʵλá
ţǶˡ
ⲵıأ˵˼, ǲǻظ, ǻ˸Ժȥ˱ĵط
ϣ
ǿ˸ȴ뿪ˣӶ࣬ҿӱޣʲô£
ҵѾȥˡ
ر, ǴȻ㱻ȵĽеժ¥󡪡ˣ
ժ¥Σǲ𣿡
ŰһȻҪȡŹⲰҪù޹ģվǱߵģŻϡ
ǱֵܣͬѪͬԴҡԹԷġ
ҵãѾԹοˣܻǰúһ㡣һǵһǡУڳԹ֮󾯾ĻǣԾԸĻһУֶ
ǰ㣬ڹҲ°ֵġ
ǿֶΣùϵһͣڡⲲŻᶯ̨µֶΡ
ŻεֵõϢ
׶Σ㲻ܳ֡
ãҲЩˣʣ˰ٶֽˡʱ쿴֣Ѿϲˣ֣ÿһּһʣȻȫѡ
˵ʵҪһ²᲻ëͲˣ
ָǰ鰸ԥһ»Աߣҿɡ
̰ܳѹӵԺרĵĿʼ򻯼֡
Ҳһٹ̵ëȷļֵʶʻɱܣһܼ˶
ƿ
Ȼ죡
㻻λӣдһ֣ǸͲһʻ̾Ȼֻй
һۣû˵Ϊĳֺʹ˰񰡡ذȵãҲشֻ롣
˶кôԸ׽һ˼룻ζ͵Ŀࡣ
ժ¥˵Ѿ˳ˡ
һǻغһȥ׷ǿѾ֣Ҫ¸߹ˣȻԹζʲô
֮Ĵ󳼿ĻͥʱСԺܵвǹⲰ
ôƵһ£ԹĶȥ֣СԣʤͿ԰СߣΪ֣С³ⲱԣʤ߾ͿԵ³֮λ
ⲻǽ˵ȾܲȵģСͥԵҪ󣬹ֻӦսһ·ߡҲӦ̾Ҫ̨
ս䡣
رǹڵλӸͲȵСһЩͿⲲ˳۵ֻ¾Ҫѡ
罪ߵĸˡӵܻ֪ЩأֳҵͨգԹϾǼ״̬лƹ̨ǾԲ
Ҳһ£޵޵֧Ҳ˵һʱϵķ֮ǿɿصģǹⲾͿ˳µ£ɿأҲֻܷⲡ
ȻתԺ깨Ͷ⣬˳ǻһôӵ˹침ϴ죬Ա֤ƽصꡣ
ԣ֪С£ݵİ취ǽɱ
ֳ֮ǰڶǿ֮ǰɵ
СͶǿɱˣ֣Ҳ׶༪١Թ˵浽ʱҲòԽˡ
㳭ǰļ֣ͷصǣ֣ǴҪ£ǡ֪顯֣Ҳֱ֣Թڽ֮УҲڴʱĽֻ֣ϵùѡϣ浽һҲֻԽˣ֣
ҪԽˣҾʾΪϡ
¿ӦһԴԸԼˡ³ȤĻ򵥵Թ³ǿȽǿ
״ɡ
ʾ֮ǿԹҹƣΪϲߡ
ӦǸصˣֱӸ³СӻװɺǿӣֽС
ԽףȻ˵ˣֱӰѼƻ˵ˣҪԴһ㣬Ըһ㣬ȥ³ԽΪѡ
ֱԣԺһῴŮ޸ҵķ㱣Թģ
ôһһܴе񾭡
ͣ±ʣϸƷһ£ζЦˣ
ƿǰֽʣһֽԽӦеһǳɣ˵Ǿ仰֮ʣһԸ޴ԾȻϣ
ͬʱҲҪóǿиɡ
ʹ˭ʡ
һҵӦʵģ̫ˣ٣ټ塢ϧ䡭룬ҡͷˡϧͬ䲢δԪǾѣҿԪǶ˵ѲԲ䡣
ʹڹһСգϵӣӦ˷ֽĿǰֲ㣬֧
˵㷢䵽Ȧȥˡ
ûԹ˹Ϸ֣ͷ
һͻȻðСù˳ưƶҪĽϡ

ĿãȳŲס͵Թ֣ʵҲ֪ҲǺƽݱ⡣
Ů޸֣ţ֣Ϲˡ
ԺŮǶӣ֣ѾˣͶȥ֣ǹԺʵǰЩ˶֣Ϊ֣ĵϹ䡣
벻ôŵ⣡ˣɹСҪǲ֣ܵ󳼣Ҫˡ
ܱиεˣӦҲмˢӡ

ֻԺ¶ӣͿ֣Ϳԡ桯ԺĶӹ֣֣ҲϾ͹Թˡ˵Щδϡ
е
㣺еЩϧ𣿡
ҡͷʱáѾˣˣáֻ֣ͣ뾡ɱɱٻ
õĵˣ˵ĵˡĻ
ˣڡ
ԣǴʱһŽȥҲд⡣Թ֣򣬾һϣһȣһòֻ³һȵһһ֣ò
е飬̾ˣˣβ»ǻİ취ԹϹϵ
ǾͿôˡ
ΪⲸɱСɱɼµͷȱϡ
ƫƫԸΥ
ȵʱǰºøǰ״ʣȻԽ֣Ѿ쵽ֳˣл֣ǲҪҲ̨
ȫµĿ⿴ⲡ
ڷв٩
ľֺ󣬷
ʿգĿ࿴
ⲱĿⶢЩơ
Цݺ㲻ϲ𣿡
ͻΪ˾ȡùϣƫƫ˹£
Ǻǣϲϲʤ


341 
ȻѾˣҲת˼·֣˰ɡ, ѿҲһġ
ʹ֣һںδ
ⲻɵ˽ӵֳٷŵ˼ȥڳС
Ǿͺ, ȥ֣ӽ¹᲻Ļ, ֻ֣, Ů̴ͳͳ, ֣
ⲻûᵽ֣Ůһˣǲǡ
ء۾ݺݵЩ˾Ƚչˡ
ڶ, ŶֻҪ֣
СڣٰȤĶһ, ˼գһûжꡣ
ʮǰ·˶ǿǿ˵ӭǵ, СٷһġΪ̫ͻȻ֮ǰֻᵽ֣ûᵽҲˡ
Զǿʵڲȼ, ĳ͡
ǿǷ֮, ϶Сʾ֮ͬ⣬ȻҲֳܿˡȵֳǣұػڴǰֳԡ
ʤϺ󣬵֣һоǹ·ˣҲɵ, ããǰ·ܿˡڶǿĴ£һ뿪ɽҰأ븽ĳǳϢ
ϣһݳ³ӭӵˡ
СǿǿҲһãȻ֪鲻ԡƱǿ˵ǵֻӡ˵ǲ޶⣬жǿһ˵ǿˡ
ˣǻǱЮֵ˴˵ء
ֳǺ󣬶ǿǷֿˣȻǿ뿪ǰ˵һᾡǳȥСϣѾ֪˴ȷʵǹҲȷ³
ǿһʹھȻ³ǰû˿λ
ɼ³ȷʵǾǿ
ǿ˴ܶԹʲôأ˵Ļ
Сϵģ˴˵Ժ󣬶ǿҲûҲ֪˴ûУ³ִô
ʲôҲˡ
С֮ǰ֣סᣬǹܣ۴򡭡
СҲޱ֮УΪ֣˵绢ǾЯֿԹ֣ʮ̫ƽ
ʵϣȴ֣
ʹʱ֣ϵҲһٳ֣ӭȢԼǰ꿴ˡ
ԼºͿ񣬲ʧģ֣ɪг֣ҲûǰЩˡ
⼸ҲǷ˳ǲ֣һЩٴ붼ܺܿܣǻǹҪĹϵ³һţ߼лô³Щô
粨ͣͣ³ǵľݣ֣ܵԹȴǵĵˡ
С˳˼С˼иͷӵÿһͷôѪȡ£ҲһοԼ
Ѿ֣Ǽҷˡ
ûӮ
Ĵ
ƫƫԵһ֣֣֮Ҫš
ǼأǼҵһǧɡʱ֮оͲˮǼҵҲڵء
Ϊʲô䣿
ڵʱˣ˵áڱ֮ǰ˸á
ȥڵǼ֣ʲôĸסֵܡӣôˣôѣھӣǰж⣬ھжǡ
Ǽһˡ
ڵ֮صУ׼ĵһ仰
Ǽһˡƽ˵һ仰ǣȥϢɡ
ǼѾˡʲô޼£ȲǼҡҲͲκŬֻܽˡ
С䣡
³һҵǼһĻᣡ
⽥ͯỽӣҪҪƣ
ɡ
Сͯžһյƽĵƶӣ㻹ûţҪ𣿡
СͷСܸͯˣæ˵кܺóԵ⣡ùʳģ
Сû³֮ǰժǹȫӡһŪȨŮˣ̰ƺɫࡣ
³ȴ³նϲժǹ֪̰ƣ֪ɫϲϲɱˣ˵ֻҪǹĳǣụ̂˶ȥˡ
ҹ԰ա񶼺ܺãĶʳѾ³һʳˣƺⶦʳĲѰʲôɹɹһĶ
󣬹һܺõĽ㣬ڴ̫ӷʱֱֻԸ̫ӡ
ҴҲܺáȱܶ࣬ûжѧʲãͬʱҲ³Ĵ
أͻȻȻĳϡ
ûм˰ʵϻ˰ˣȻ˵˰ǹСһҲţֻ³ٽժǹ塣
ҲûиǳغôС֮ǰû³ʹ͵£Ҳû˵Ӿλ³ҲûӭȢŮһû
Ψһľǳ⣬ڳһӭʹ壬˵ǻӭ²ӵġ
Сȥһ¿еãòôô졣
Ҵ³λǰ³ͷ粨ϡǽϡϳ£սֳǳڡ
Ȼ󷮳žֳǳ⣬뽪ı̱ӣº󣬷ǲűС
ǿɾֳǱϣ˵ʱֳӦûĻ̡̻
ǽʱڳһ־յ˵ĳӣ˳˵ֳǲû䣬ˡ
ʲôɣ
³£ּˡ벻ͨ
Сͯһֻֻͣһͺþơ
СʳͻȻһŮʧĿ޽
򣡴򣡡˿ܣǰѹˣˣ
СæʱĻɫ䣡
빨Ҫ򣡡
Ժųȥ
ͥԺСԺںٴҲûоѸ˻е֣
ǽĹӵһҦûоͺҦš
ҦС̨֣ȥ
ûмֻ֣ҪЩ˺úչ֣֣ؾС
СЩˣá
˱ϾڹⲼסţֻΪչˡ
ⲻؼҾ˵СҪ£ԥһ£תͷֻ̨ˡ
ţ͵ûлؼңͲ֪СҪˡ
ʩʩȻص̨Ƥڹߣͬһ齣סͬһݣ棺㵱ʱסĵط
ڶΪʱ㱻ﲻա
һ˵СǸʲôˣ
Ȼ²ǿԵġ
һʾСȺǡ
ڶգ֪˹ⲼŹϢ£͵ȻˣȻؼȥɣҲһ
æʣҪδǣ
һۣȻС岻ƣԴҵȻ
һʱûʲô˿ڱʧٲҲǲУ޶֤
ùԣѾʼСʮԼʬĵصλڳɽһɽȽϺأ˵Ⱥûĵطˡ
㺬ЦŹֱϷŪˣйȥ˵ֵ
ɫ˵Цˡ֣򣬵ϱ͡
֣򰡣õݰõ¶Բ֣ôĹλ
㵹׹ôģһȥ󣬹Ҫô˵͵֣
ͷӦá֣СҲ˵˵Ͽһҹ
Щˡôܲ
ϸ֣ʱ˯ð͸Сˣ
ɫˡ
ԣҪչ֣˽
Ҫǲأʡе㶮ˣǲҪ֣
ǾЩͻ֣ٻһЩ֣֣ûУ³ҲǿԻúöԴ֣
ɲһȴ֣֣ߣһ֣˶
Ѿ˼·ˣǴƲԸ֣
֣òװͳôȥ
빨㡪
Ŷźø̸֣
ƣףѾû·ˡ
ʣҪʲô
˵֣ļױҪ֣³һǡ
ܡ̵֣֣ȥܴӦ¡
ǾҪ൱һǵʳɣÿ궼Ҫ˵³Ǯ򡣡
֣ǲʳֵ֣ǮǰҪһǵĺԺֻ̾Ҫʳ̫̫ˡ
ⲻعζ
𣿡
֣Ҫĵһ¡
֣֣Ҫ


342 
СƷζ̨ʱֻϣԼܸɸɾȥϣܳһ, ܽµսѡ
ܿȻɵ, չѾһ˵ˡ
֣Թ֮Ĳġ
ΪǼҲΪ֣Ϊ
һеǰСġġ
ᵽˡ
֣˹ȻĶ, , Ҳ޷ǱܵľʳӵевԷֻһ
ϡ, д֮λǱ, ϵ롣
ϣܿһϣҪô׵ľ;
ǵġ֣뿪СΨһ־ľûˡԴ˼, ³ûˡʹ壬ڱǲֵһġûһ˵ˮСѾͷá
ţȴѩϸϸѩƮ, û䵽Ͼͻˡ
СŴԺǰԺŶţһǺµļ, , ȥ
ҲûӲ㴳һţô֪ǰ滹мţ
ڵϣڷ죬ȴһ󷢺ѩͷǼ⡢Ƥ, Ҳϥϣȥѩ㻯ˮƺûľʧˡ
СЦ
˳˳ɡסѩ
ϡѩдЦ߽ȥʰ򣺡˭ڷЦ
˵֣Ǹ򡣡
ʣһֱ棿೤ʱˣ
˵һҹ
Ƭ̣ԼɡȥǴˡ
һСǿֱĿĿ·ķ
һźɫ£ɫ˿һõĿ຺߽ˣ£ڷڣǳЦʮֿס
վСԶĵط΢΢ǰǾԸһ𣿡
СŬҪʣǺˣ
㺬Ц£ĺ
СˡΪĺҲ³֮ӦѾ˰ȴվ
һЦС֪Լ·硣һ棬ͱ¶³²ϤٹĺԻ£֣֪飡
ĳªˡС֮£ֻòǲ֪飡
ĺ³۸Ĳòв£֣һġ
ˣĺʧ꣬˶ΪˣɼӦ˵£Ųò˺
ʲôɣǹĺȥĵĲˡ
ӵϵķ̣˶ɫһ¡οǱ̡
С༤ҪķӦ
Цеĵͷֱ׳ĽСʧġ佱ǰһȥҾͲ֪£˵֡Ǵ빫常Ҳô
û˵ѣڿǳΪ塱ġ
˵ͿСˡûҲûб¼ɵѾյ֣ʼԼˡ
СǸ˶ܿռʱôšˡšװģװĵûˡ
˷ͽȥϣ£ٹڵҩ󣬹һҷˡС𣬡СúϢ㡣
˵վҪߣСȥסһȣˣˣߣҹ͵ȥˣ
㱻סҲȻݣЦʣ֣ȻĹڣɹϣСصġ
Сʵ֣³ֻЩֻ֣߾֪³֣Ǻӵġ
ֻԼ³
֣Ҫңİ֮ŮΪ֣³ô׵Ů³˵ˣСʼֿ֣޴⶯ˡ롣
޳ֻһ̾һȥС˸ղűʱѾ·ֻһͷˣϾûж̵ذס
Сһˣȹϣץסֲˣһˣ޵˫Ŀͨ죬գ֣ˣҡ
̾˿ȥᣬȻˣ͸ɡ֣á
ţ
Сֻ֣򿪻⣬֣ӦǸж֣ãźü˵һ˵֣֣ڵĴѹ֣ϵ³ˣȵȡ
֣òøϵ󡭡տ֣֣ʱͲ֣
ɫ䣬۾ɴַĿ࣬һܲ˻Ϣӡ
֣һ̨ȥˣ˵֣ƺЩãΪģ˴εҽ֣Σҽ˵ϲܵԵʲʹ֣ȾŭССչ֣ģ
С֣û濴ô֪Ϊʲô
ɫճ֣һ֣Ů˴ǹһʱ֪
Ҫҡͷءʲôɣ֣Щ˲áȻˣҾʹˡ
С飬æסУһΪ֮ŮΪҹŮԳ߹󡣡ū澣ɱ³ġ
ü飿
С̧֡
̾ͷðɣǾٴŮ֣ɡ
С
Ȼǲܻ֣ģ
͵ŭᣬԼλɺޱΥ档ȻҪǣûǾ֣ģһôһ飬³֣ȻѺá
СǲȻҪ³Ϊ⡣У֣Ȼ̨³¶֪֣ѵôܷ뿪
ҳһţɵúڸղŲþܾ㡣֪ǼȻҲҪ˸ߣǻùǴߣ³ҪɱǻҪô
ڲܸĿˡ˵˵˳߹ѵת˵֣ǿɱǣ
ЦС֪ϲ֣ڶʹŻ󣬾Ѿ֣˹񹬵δɣ֪֣Ҫ
С
³绹ǽ͸벻ͨ
Ҵȥһ֣Ĺ֪ˡȫ
Сֻø˿ڣϾԼҪģɫһģҴˡ֣ңȴί
ǼҲЩתô죬Բˡ
С꣬Ҳ빨Ǵ߰ɡ
˵꣬ҲЩȣŶͷ˵ͷ۵ˣ빨֡
ʱȥСǲԸ֣
Сƶ̴ֺߣɸղԼ¶ţҲܹ˼ҿ
Ťͷ˵װ˯
ЦС˯㡣
ɹߺСҲ˯ˡ˸ղŸ̸ĵεΣɵĹʵ֪ܻ֣¡
вġ
ʲôأ
һҹܰڶһ֪ˡ
ֱԵϲССԹةʹˣֱԲϲ֮ˡ
Сƻ˶߳ܰΧˡ
ʹˣ
³¶֪ˣ
ĳ£ڱ˵Ķ߲֪ٱˡ
⹨ĺƮƮľ˵ֻһС¡
һ㲻˼˵Ȼ£С÷ԣӦ뵽ˣ鷳
˵֣Ϊ֣ǹģ˵ҪϻȥҵȰ֣֮⣬³ǿ֣ϣӴֳԸ֣֣ףСΪ׵һȫҪ
˵꣬ҲСĻӦΪ֪ͨ£ҲҪСͬ⡣
ҪߣСɬҲܻ֣
ͷ
С£빨ҡ
֣֮
ܹκ£Ҫ³


343 ޳ϣ
СףҲʹ, ֱպ֣þ³
Ȼ̨Ǹ³⡣С̰˹ͷϡΪ, һҪڿ
һҹ, Сʡ
ʹ, з
³Ǵ̸һ̸ˡҲӦõġڵ˵֮ǰ³ͬ, ³ûٽ顣³ᣬ, ʱ̸Ȼ³
ټʳ£֣ĳŵ, ·硣
Сһ£ҡͷӦʵġ
˽֣
֣һĵĴԽں̶ܴСڱƶģû, ֣Ըһվɡ
Ӧ³ȴпֻܵҪ뵽֣ͲԸ⡣
С, Ҫ¡Ӧ, Ҿ顣㲻Ӧֻ֣
ⲻѡ⣬СûѡĻᡣ
СȻܾһܴɵ£Ͳ³ŵ˵ûжÿԻӻ
Ҳܸɴ࣬ͰСѺ˳, ֣
СðŴѩߵģڳڣϺˣֻܴӷ϶֪̽ǿʲô
ϵ˶ǻֵġСȥ˵̯Ҳֵò󻰣ֳ֪Ǵôˣ
һͨնӵеɺƽȴûС
˳ţ̾ϡˡ
û߶ãС̽ͷٿ澹ȻһƬӡӴòߣ᲼ΧţеӶҲ᲼ϡܿ
˺ܾãȻܿӣҲܿܶഩźµˣššş̌ǰߡ
ֳǳôôˣ
С뵽ЩʱѾ뿪Ƭˡ
ȻţЩ룬вȫ
֮ǰ˵ֳ·ķǷĶţȷʵʲôԲŻô
³ûзİգ뷽跨İǡЩ˳ҲȻһǵĴ
СﲻɵñˡΪʲô³ջᰮˡ
̨ϣףꡣ
һֻֻ޶˴̨̧ڷڽϣǶΧ棬˰ѹ׵붦Уٵˮ㽴⽴Ȼڶ¶Ѳ񣬵˻
󵽻ƻʱѾƮŨζ
СڸĸĽűߣͣĸĴ֣Գ𣿡
㰡
ʱеÿ˶һ߳ǽƵĶ
ȺͻȻˣ׷׵ʳ
ʳ
ֻһСӽж֣飡
֮󣬴ϣܿͱ֡׵ġתģϵİһڹհԴժƲʳĹ¾Ȼгƫƫβ֣ԶԷ
ǣ׿ȡû̫ûˣ
˶ƶΪʳըɽɫ󣬽ʳ
ը;ǲ͡ǲ취ԭե͵ļһٶǰаҵˡ
еζƶե֥͡եĳЩطҲˣǻûƹ㿪
Ѿˣƶ࣬вһҲŰյǻҵ취Ҳե
³Ҫ֮һЩڸС仰˵˼ס³Ķû㹻ǰ£ֻñİ취³Ӱˡ
Ŀǰ벻ʲôʵЧİ취ֻձصץ㡣˭֪ĿƲأ
ĺôѾܵˡʳ뿪ֳǶðϳϤУһϤˣܺùһİˡ
ڽûС⡱֮ǰ³նӡʤԽġ
˵ˣǱռסģ³
ûб˼ס³Ȼ³֮ܶСһ̾ˣҲ⡣Ϊֻǡһʶˡ
ýڰյĿֻʣһһˣһ棬ðڴˡղڴһιǻڴι
ЩΧڽߵʿӶġڴŽȥ³
ԣκλƻˡ¶ᱻΪС
ԶǺïˡҪֽԵավǺïȡг衱˵Щ˴Ϻɫ·ͷڻͦÿģر̨⼸꣬ǶˣҲˡ϶˿˿ǵʳ
ͷֻԺתһȦܳȥˣ§סïž⣬˼ѣï˲ͺ͸ˣƨɵĻ˸ơˡ
ҲеԾ漴뵽ֵֵ꣬šг衱ݣ̨ôãҲҹŮﻵˡ
Ǿ⣬ҲǴʱգѵ÷һ£źï˵ؼҷȥɣ
ïϵȳ˲ˣֹģڶ룬ҡͷѾûмˡ
ҲԣǶ̳ʱѡģܸĸҲͲˡ
𣿡ߵһ֣λĵǹⲣ볳ӮЩˣķڷ
ܰӮҲܲʡʡ
ùƤӻǹģ䲻ˡ
ï緢ʿӣǲȵġҡͷˣҡԸڹߡ
ȺһԲȺˣ԰
һ𣬵Χ˶һǲ˵Ҳӡ
ߣһҲûС
Ҳ˰԰
ڷǺͺֳʱ̨԰ȻҲ档ϻ򷮳ǵܴӰ԰㵽һ鱨ʧˡ֪ǰ԰̫СûڽҲûʲôЧ
ɵЩʿ潪ߣӭʹңðΣպͺʱ԰ȴ̨ڣûκ¡
һƽϢȻı˹ˡ
ĺï˵ЩʲôͻȻӺһСӵĿ
һǻµСӡ
һֵֹͣˡ
ˣˢˢĿ򽪼

ǻǵùǸءԼ̥°
԰
ֶˢˢȥ
԰ĿͶȥսƱֱ
ڵֻûǸ˵ڹ¥ǰ˺ܳʱٵĹ˸
ˣ˼أ
һȦַǡԣ˽춼û
ȻǲϲǼˡ
ð԰ϻûóһΪġˡ
ߵ䣬˾Ϳȥһ˽;ƣÿ˵İ϶¾ƣڵ԰ǰʱ˵ҿоˣҪٺˣȥЪŰɡ
˵꣬԰
԰ȻԸ⣬ӿ֣
ҲûܼΪ̾˼ˣӲǰѡоơİ԰ϻȥЪϢˡ
һƬ˵Ц𣬵˶Ĳڴˡ
ڿ
ǽеڷЦеİҡͷеĻʫˣ˵һĻӦдʫ¼
Цʫ裬౵ľ峿⣬¶ˮĻ޷
һ֪һĵ˵˵ĺãҹɣ
ɡ
ɫȻ
̱˳ȥ£ΧһȦ˶Сǹİˣ㵨Ҵѣù
ɡ
ҹӦ˼ˡ
ϯϵ²ٸȤѺïƿԼƺȡһźȵһ룬ͿҴҽ
¾ףֱʲô£ô
˵ժ¥
̸ԭˣֻûºȥժ¥
ҡҡλε齣Ҫժ¥
סС˵˰԰һ£û˵ֻ̣˵Ҫɱ԰
ױ߷žͿҴȥıӰɸ󣬰һŻϣڹߵҲæȥ
һ롣
ˣʽǣˣ𣿡
С˵һӾͿˡ


344 ޳£
䲻ϲڽºĽ̫İˡ
ֲܶܡ⼸, Ҳ˺ܶ, ˽̣ȻȻľͶˡ
ʱûг̨, ˻ô뽪ǵס, 뵶, Ǿͻᱻ۸ˡ
ˣȴȥº
ժ¥
, ʵһҪ͸ġѾõһʱˣڽ͸һ¡
ժ¥Ȼû, ȻжʳеˡŮԷԺ, Ҳǹʳ
еĶʳȻʢ˺ܶ⣬ըļ⡢Ѽ⡢⡢⡢⡢⡭
ҶԵ͹⣬Ʈıѩס˵صĻ뻶֡
Ա, Ҳûнȥ, վ¥ǰ̸졢˵Ц̸𣬻С
ڹеˣڹˣ, Ҳˣȴٸȥ
ͷ˵ǲһֱڹ˾ͲɱˡžͿ԰ǽгȥˣٻһ˽
Щֻ֪йûдҲŷǴЩ˻Ϊʲôýýأǲ˵ΪиͶĶ˸ô˵ˣͰˣӴԺû˸ٵŽô˵
ʱһԶҡҷȿǾһ˵Ȼס졣
ܿˣǺܿϳǽʷµˣЩڲͬǸգƽʱǺܲ۵ġ
ЩЮһˣͷ·ȫˣƮŴѩȴֻһ£ȻǴůĵֱӱġ
ں棬߽˲ſ䣬æǰʺã֣ȥ߹˵
ָű˫̧İ԰ô£һ˵һ߰סϵĳ
ΧһҲԼĵ
һС
԰ˣϳ˽䡣
䱻һ֪ʶȴ벻˭
һժ¥ǰѰ԰ԣ¸桢ͷٰ·ã֮úÿһ㡣
ȻһҩҪ԰ȥ
ҩƣרѱ̡׼ģãԿµ˲˳ӣ˽һǱͨҩöˡ
ЦʷģأС϶˵ֺ´ߣֻùܵá
֣꣬ձ˸ĵö࣬ҩ˵Ҳʮ֣ÿһֵЧ֪֣ͬ뿪ܳԷء
԰ҲСңֶ˵ʶ֪Ķ֪һҩĿѣȡĺңȱ˾ͷͷҩ̾ƿڴ
Ȼǽ
ɫ䣬ûô֪һˣ˭ֻǽ
ҲѾϳ˰԰ǸúܺÿڹУִȥˡ
γ˳԰ȥ
ȻҪȥܵ߾ͱһƿˣˤ˸ƨɶա
ָ˽䣬Ȼ˽סҲС
԰ûôֵǮ
ֵúܾţ޴룬ڵ϶Խ亰飡òϡ赡ɻɱð
Ҫ˵ð׻һ㣬仹ףһֻɱˣΪʲôɱ
Ͳˡ
ѺͰ԰ʵҲһ֮Ͼ˶ɿʷĶǡϷЩҲѧϷ׷׹¡ſ£ǲǰ
ȥˣ˰԰ӣ¥ܡ
԰ˣŭͷͷˣץҪҩԵÿ׶ˣĻ¥ܡ
¥ˣͷˡ
ôӶӲˡܣ԰԰ǲҳġ
¥ݿڣԽ˵ôá
䣺ɱٻʮ
аǡǡֺϡ̳ĸǳأʮÿ˻Ǻ׵ġ
ҭһʱ˵
ָ¥˵˵Ļˣ˰ɣҪϲҡһ£˵ҾͲûбÿˣ
ֻС˵ǵȹˣٸ˵ɡΪ͹Ͳֵˡ
룬˽ðɣҲΪѡȥ빫˵
л䣬ǰס̨ҲվһЩˣʡð԰Ӳõһͻˡ
Ͻȥº湫
һͷһɡ
ʱ룬Ϲġг衱ʱôġ᲻ΪЩ˶Ļ֮
ԽסʵЩҶûҲУûͷûβģͻȻ˵ܾû˵Ĺϵ뵽һİľ磬һ̫硢̫£ȫû׼硣
֪벻䷢չǸز
һ˱ɡٱأԼˣǻ޴εԭ£ɶ԰ˣȴԶûô󷽡
ðκλʧȥķգһ㶼Ըȥԡ
ڳϻժ¥һ·ȴѾ߹˰ͽˡˣǻʲô
ƱҪġǾҪȳȥͽϽԪӵ֡
ѵġǴǽԪġӡԷڲϣٸͽ´գ˵׼ǻָգҫ桪̾뵽ɡ
鷳ǣһԾϳΪʷ򣬶ԴǽԪġӡݡ
³˶ǵļѧʶȱӶһû⻷ǽպҪʲôϼѡ
кܶ๥ѧʶⶼӲˡʱر˹ȻЩ΢ǣΪӣǾͿԽܡԼ£˭Ҫأ
ӣսͲι٣ҲѾеЩֻ¶Ҫòסˡ
ռı̫ˡҶƴƴڡ
ԼƴĿǰƴǽϵڣ³ڣûƴԼں󣬾ʲôҲˡ
벻ôȥպĽˢɾͣˢõֶΣϲ󷴵ʧȥأ
ֺαôһȦӣһĽ
ϲǵܲٵ䡱ν󣬿Դ뿪صɽҰ֮Уڵ

˭زȥˡ˭زǸСɽˡ
ǵˡ˵
ժ¥ĹâȻײ
Ѿ뽪İ
š˳߽ȥ
վ¥ݿڣɫĻȼţһ⡣
ĸᡣǸ갡ģһУдѵʱȥȴǵ硣
ϣӦöõˣȴһֱš
㹻ȥҪһֱȥ
硭
ͷմΣ˫룬վŻЩҡΣ֪ǺȾˡ
ַסͳƵֻñ¥ߡ
ǰ棬Ѹٰڶ¥İ԰ץסҩһ̧ȥˡ
ԸҪߣȰ¥¡
ӦһѰ԰¥µ˨׮ϡ
԰һͶûһѩ֮ǶʳڣʳŶף磬ΧڶǰˡŮ⣬򵥵ö࣬ҲҸöࡣ
ôء
¥ϣѾˡ
ֻһյƣƵĵƹղˡ
԰԰Ĵһһʮ˵ˡ
̨һѨһ˶֪ѨңŻᱳҡ³ѴԼľȻ˵
š䶼ˣǹġ
ԡСʱֽţɴ󴲣Ҫ˯ƺӸ˵ˣǹġҲϲҲûֻ˶ôѡ
˵ûôô㣿
ΪһֱҲһ衣첻Ҳֻڹҩ֮һҹŭһˣûбȴϴ׵ˡ
ˣֽ۾ˣƺϲſ˯üڵƣſ϶ȥġ
ѻƤùϣ½§ס
Ϊ˯ˣ˺һͻȻðһ䣺ʲô
Ҳ۾˯ˣԾ˵룬ҪҪҲôһˡ
Ժ;ýˣ߶ĻˣҲ˻᲻ͣҪǣֱˣûô򵥡
ǾһǵˣôһˣЩǲ˶ȥǵμȻȻ¶
ܷ
뵽ˣͿؿſŵĻ̌ͷһ˫۾ɴ־𾪡
ôˣǲſ˯㻹š˵
˵ʲôֱ죬ͷȥһľͷĺŻˣ˯ˡ
ͷ֣˯ţܿ˯
Ҷ¾
ȴ˱ĺ棡
ողŷ֣ҲһֻȨֱ
ڷ԰԰º󣬲Ƕʧѧϰˡ
ˡ
䲻һʥĸĴȱ˵ġ
ֻǰûзӵ̨Ҳû˷֡
ûз֣
סԽԼҪ侲Ҫ
ɳ
һ᲻ǰ·أ
ٴο˯ս֣˯Ҳջ
Ҫ

Ľ䣬Ĵ硣


345 
ֳ˶ڻꡣ
ҿ˲پţһ궼粨ϡ, ˵ǹ̩ˡ
ͷĴ͹Ҳ, µϰҲ԰ˡ
аǸ˵Ļһ£ǳЩ񰡣, պҪʲôۡ׳, ﻹõǰЩȥɲˣ
ô, ЩҲȫǻ¡
˵ڻסڲʳд͹ܼ, ˺յú̿أǻһǮֺӣ
˵ú̿, ò˵һ˵⼸Ƽֳˡⶼйĸ˵Щ˶ǹġ
˶ˣͶ, Ҳˣ
ͱúǴطģֻūֶһǺö, ǰȻҲ, ۸񶼹úܣֻҲõ𣬽ͻȻˣֱֶˣ
ú꼦ѼҲرҲ, Ҫˡ
ЩҲʢöˣʳ˵㣬ҲôżЩöˣʳҲһʱ˲ѣȿ˴ˮӲˣʳˡ
ֳǵһϣסŴӷǰĹϡϡǮϡϡϵȼˣһЩ⼸ˣҲƶֳǡ
ǵȴôù
ڷʱͷĽϣЩ˭ҲÿġеıȽڷǵͷҲҪǵĵط
ֳǣصߵ˸һ䵽˵ײȥˣ˵գҵŶȥ
ңҲǰŽʷѡ
ڿƭǵġǴӷƭ󣬽ռ˷ǣҲòˡ
֮ǰΪҪǣֻܸһСļҲĴ
浽ֳǣеıͷǺŷ֡껹ڹУȴѾû˸ƥеˡ
˼ҵȻͳǧָͽ⼸Ҳ̫֡Ͼ˼һи˸
ԹʱٲԸҲҪºϹ˼Ұݻᡣ
˼ǹ˳ͣ˸ڡ
ûǮҵʡ
˳ҡͷڲе¡
ڷǾʧеȥ˭ڱ󵷹һδ֮ա
ΪǼһǻֻ̽̽󡭡ԼųֳԹ֮⿪ʼżˣű˴̹ס
̹׵Ľû֪
Ϊеκһ˸ɵġ
˳͹˸һʼţֻΪǮҵȼڷҵϳͷʩʼƣŰв
ǹ˳潲˸ѸײڶİǮҵļ˶ץˣԼһ̡
̲ҲǴɱƽʱĳ檡澡صʲôġ
Ǯ⼸Ҽ棬˸һû
˼լӣ԰ʯ嶼Ѫ͸ˣɫҲϴɾˡ
ǰһ£˳͹˸ţŶĲǸɵİ
ȻĲǣ˸ͰЩ˷ˡ¹˳ڼﰲһͷȥܵȥ鰵ãһҪ¸ˣ
Ҳɡ
Ǹ̴ܵˡǾ仰ҲƺʲôҲˣǹ˼Ҹɵģ
˸仰оڽУǲֵһᣡǲ˿ԥͲġ
˼Ĳ÷ǡ
˸εô롣ɾһֲ֪ô浱ʱĹϺͷһ·
㵱ʱûкΧǣҲڹС
ȥ˸ֻ̾ǲֳ棬þֳ̫ˣûһδܿǲԼСܷŹ
ʱҲҲ
˸ߺûгҹ˼ҡ𡱣Ƕúٺ޹˼ң˼Ҳǵϣ˼ҲǣΪѾ˹ϣָϡϺáˣ˹ϵĹϾԶᱻֳǽܡֻʣˡ
ΪǶԷǣͬľǲòšһ޵ڱͱӣҲʤ֮£ûʤ֮ǰǵĵͨͨǶġ
ҵһСԺ˶һ鲼
ûеƣڴǰ˴ƮѩҲѴ򿪣ӭŷѩϵİ
Ρ߽ʱͷëؿڡϥ϶һ㱡ѩͽס̾
ǷҶˣͷ歱Ƕôõһ԰¡
Ǽһÿһ˼ǴСʶǵСʱķ正һ֮һˡ
߹ȥϴҲ޶ԡǣ歵֣쵽ǰƤãٰ¯У§˵ô䣬Ҫڴǰ
歼޸֮󣬴һŵʻһ˵Цŭ͸˸С
ûлӦѾˡ
Ρ֪ôС˵㻹Ҫ淶Ѫءңֻˡ
͵һ£ϵø
Զһ죡
һرƽرͨ糿
̫ең뵽ȥ飬ڴǰɹˣﻹҪƶ顣
ĸײ֪˵ٻأˣصﻹ͵͵ơ
ϲĵϣɢźŵĻ㡣
ĸ˵пˡһ˵˵Ҳȥˡ
ʣȥ𣿵ܵأ
ȥѾȥˡ
룬һ㣬ȥô죬иܵء
ͼ顣һͻȻ漱ҴҵĽŲΪĸˣæ飬Ůʰһͷױݣ·ûʧ
ܽױǰͷҲûص˵㲻ҪĸףϾ͹ȥ
ܣ歶һ˺ѷεϤİ
歾ȵĻͷûϳǸĸ׵Сĺιá
ιõ֦
ŮŻĽ
æܳţšУҪȥĸסܵܣأҵأ
Ǻܿ챻˷ˣץסˡŮ뱣һ̣Ǿˡ
ǰͷҵˡ
ʱȡ
Ϊǵˡ
˳ӵĿΡĻ֪Ӧץסȴ˵Ҳû취һŮһȥΪıߡеĵ
ΨһľǲҪʱߡ
Ρ˵ǵĺӶշҡҿԲҪãҪԺ˸òã
ﾲĵͷ
Ρ˼ˣ˵һһģһᱣ㣬㲻ٺˡ
£
һҲ¡
ֻ¼еһ죬Ǹϻ䣬ԶѲһ졣һͷ
ڲ¡
ʲô
·ϵȷʵǺҪҪġ
Ҫȱ
ҵֲ³˵ĸ³
Ƿܡ
ǵСʱϥʱ͸߹ǼҵʳǴ֣ġ
֣˰
Ҵ֣ط͵³󣬾ͼٳ³۸ͻҡ
ʱˣҲڴ֣ǿʼ´֣ءūֱһ֧ȥ֣ˡ
ֵ֧֣أٰʳңͻ³
ϲûоá
Ƕ֪ġ
歰ĵס÷֣صһȡһ淶ϱĻᣡ
ǰ֣·ϣһӳѩڸ·Һÿ쵽֣ˣѩûôˡ·Ҳˡ
СһģСǲþͿʼװҵ̺СȴϺҩ֮£ֻܴӺչ
СˣΪ⼸Уֻп
ʵһˡ
С˵ǾͿ쵽ˡ
˽ŵĵͷ
ǲ֣ܽģ˲һعֻܰͻȥǣԸȥҲǿ㡣
һμᶨҡͷ䲻ӣȴҲŲж־ǲԸǰŵģ
ٻصУȻʳǣȴտأһֱΪֹ
ӣ
Сͷ˵Ҫף˵ǵһҪô㣬³ó¡Żǡ
֣ص˵ڣҶõˣһжҪˡ
˵ųδйĹʣ


346 
Сһ֣еڵıǾ, ŵľǱ߽
ҪȥҪȳʾ֤ͨ, е˶ҪóԼĻ֤˵Լʲôط, Ϊʲô뿪絽
Ȼ, Сһ˶
СѺ, ܿ죬һˡ
С, һ꣬㻹𣿡ĲǴ״Ľʿһˡ
֣ʿڶѸĵɵϰߣЬ
ΪӰ, ʵںܷ㣡ɰҪΪŰĸŮҪ£ôΪͷ, 겻ӶضԲԣ
ô㣬ܶೢͷ˾ͷŷˣûԺ󣬴һǸĲϰߡ
α, ԭ㡣СȾ, ֲ̫ȣ̾˿ҵ𣿡
αСͬΪˣҲ֣һԱ󽫡Ըе㲻ãСϲ
ڣαز֣֣߰⹲, ܵѡһĿȻԺα˵߱ǰʡٻףҲһ֣סжѡߣǰߡ
СΪαض֣ûֵôҳϣ̫αװˣ֣ʵźαضСΪαǡѩ֣̿ߵ˸̾䵽źαػСᡣ
С֣仰󣬲ȴ֣۹еʧ
֣̫ǳˣŻᱻαƭ
֣ɵĺõģԶûл˵˸Ŀء
ǰС֣ëϲȴʵûô㡣
ֻҪαصһ룬˵֣ļƻ졣
α£ϾƲˣ·ֻǾۡ
СҲ⣬ʹ֮󣬺αʣ³ϲ
С𣺡Ȼŭ
ѡСΪʹѡʱ֪иܴСԼ
Ǹո֣˵ǰ˸󰡣
ͼ£ȥԽߣԽãԽܸʡСǰǲȴУȥǸ׮Ĩڡ
³Ƣһ㣬֣ϻпܡ
Ҳ̫ãΪ֣ôСû֣ˣպܼǵ֣𣿾ǰǸκ󣬲ǽɵ
Բôȥ
Ȼ³ҲɵҪ֣ˣȴ֣֣ˡҪһֻ³
αصͷҲϵˣڴ˵ӭ㡣磬̾С㲻ܻ֣
֣СġСûǽԴϲˣαؾҪסת³ȥ
֣ߡʵǽ֪ˡ֣ߵأ
ȫͬˡ
СߣһҪԵò֣ġȻǹģ˼һˣ㲻ܲذ
£ĸСԺαز
С֣³˲³Ϊ֣̺ܲŵ´£Ұ˶ˡαأ͵ܰͻȥ
αذ֣عЩˡպʲô㣿
³ôСϼ͸СڹϹȻ򹨴ʲô³սˡ
˵³Ҳͦģİ˸ߣʲô¶ûС
αؾ֣ǹ˼̫ˣΪ̫ŵر˿ʲôҪУĵëģպԵĿࡣ
˵ϴˣǿ޼ɵʱ򣬽ǰظ࣬Ļʲô˼
αز̫֣ҵСҲûǰ˼һϧ⣺ʵҲδҪȥ³㰡ȥκεطһأһ䶯£һ֪˭ȻϽߣ˼κ󣬴Ϳǰ˵ΪˣԾĻ䣬Գȥѧˣأ񣬵֪ʱѾԶˣ㣬ֻף㣬֮λأţⲻͳ˾õļѻ𣿡αس˿СˣһϾǼ꣬Ƕܵȼ꣡
ȥ֣ȻȻͽˡ
Сɣ
αزϡ
Сôȥ³ʹҲɣ
ʱֱ֣ӸСȥ˰ɣʮû׼˻˾ͿԻˡ
С϶Ը⣬һ취ƴһġҪʱɱҲһ취ֻ²ߣ򲻵ѣôɡ
֣ѡȥˣǾ򲻵ѡ
ֻô֣˵Ǵ鷳ˡ
֣ȥ³֣˵³δ
³߲̫ƽȨơС֣ˣȴǹ³û˿̡³Ͽ֣СͿԵõ³Σ³ԸϵȨΪС
ҲǺαص¡
αûзϣֻǸСһƣ˵˱£ڻǸӵʱ³һˣ㻹ǲǵã
Сǵã³֮һϡ
ѾԼˡαؾָֻڹŮ飬ĵôϲپһָ̨ҲһĿǰŶǰ˵Ѿεʷ򡣡
СЩʷڴߵǵλһ³ôôߵĹְ
˷ԣСŭ
αصΪεľٶŴҲѾжղˣԳҲ౻⡣ȻǱûʲôãλӶѡ㲻ͬǰ̨գģǼҵʱǵ³˵и³ģӳͲٻȥˡʩԮҲʮ˰ɣԼңмŵġ֣סԼң˵ԼҶģԲѡڴʱϡ
αؼ˵̨Ͼûʲôʸ̨ԺͺֻǴһ裬Ӳ໰û˷ԡͻȻЦһ£ļֻߴȥ죬ܿɿء
һ·ȥһʼֻϯʷ򡣵Ҳ˳Ϊ̨˶ΪǸ˵µϺʽʷλϲǺܺ
αС˵һ֣ͨߵº󣬱ˡʵҲԴʧ֣һңֵ뿪Ǻ˵ģԴԹǧҪֵͷϡ˼󣬴Ӧ˵ߣСߣȾƺˡ
̤֣һСﻹǿԹʱģôܹѰɣ
СֻҪ˵뿪ǰٸǸ
ҪŮˣ
αضûԭ㡣
˴ˣתͳȥˡ
ߵҰУƤãߵĴСֹҾ֪СǸ鷳ưɣ϶Ҫ֣¹򣬾ǲ֪ʲôزˣʲôأ
Сֶһ飬ǵöԴ˵ֳһ۶ߡ
֣ʳȡ³֧֣Զһ֣ܴɵԼ֣ġ
ĺʱȻƽʱҲ񣬵Ǹرһ㡣
ժ¥ǰʡ
̨˶ˣˡŮеĻ˹ݼǽϣΪ˿һժ¥ǰȥֻ
Ȼ񣡡һ۾תˡ
ëڷ⣡ڷ⣡
ʲô
˰ľժ¥ǰֻȸ½չβᣬڽǰͥ
ڶ¥ס䲻ߣѵ̫ãǿϳˣ࿴һ
һ̫ƲסˣȸͶȥˣΧ˲ɢ
£һ̫Ľһֻȸ¥ݣɵ¥䵽ǰܲǰ塣
ÿ㵽ЩȸǰˣҲ׶ˣұιϰˡιǵĶˣϲ۸ʳγһ䡣
һӹȥֻ̿ȸһھˡ
Ҳ̫ܳˣ벻ǰЩȸǲôܳԡ
ǽӷǵĽլѳģǽץȥ͸
ǰΪ⼸ֻȸֳǽҰˣڿǻôãôǿ׳ϡ·ȸһݡ


347 ǽ
յĵڶе㲻ϲˡ
г衣
ƺ԰ĳɹ˺ܶģյгóضݣĿǰѾʮˡ˰԰Ľѵ, , ˵ϴˣһͺĶкü, ׵, Ϲˡ
еܲ
ú, ʱŰѰ԰ժ¥涳һҹȻ첻˰̧ȥ, ڻڴţȻšġְ˸ժ¥Сˣô, ԰Ǳĥңû԰ʲôôɣҲû, ҲûУûЯ԰ӵܡ
Ϊʲôɹأ벻ͨ
㣬ˣζ԰׹ӲҪֻῴ׹δŭ, , ʲô͸ʲôȥҲԡЦһ£ƺȤ, ΪǸ顢ء
飿
Цˡ
⻰ȥʰ԰᲻ô룡
Ҳˣֻῴȷʵϲ԰ûСʧ衱һֱͻΪгȷʵϲġ
ڶ԰԰ġĥڱУȴ͹ڰ԰ˡ
˭أ˰ֻҪˣʲô˳
ڹǲԲ̣ڸϰߣˣˡгѵ˵Ȩ
г˲гʲôϲ챧ڻﻹϲŴ򣬶УֻҪϲмֵ
ȻˣȻҪˡ
˳ưժ¥̳Ǵг衱͵ȥֵˡ
Щ˴̳Ǿ͸ƷԸϵĶˣûر񶾡յˣżС񣬵ɴµĵûеġҼȫ飡
ΪƤ׾࣬ӵܣȻҲǼкܹӵܶ飬Щ
ҲǵʱʼѡгʱҪ۹⻹رߣҪֹţѡһʣŶѧʡ
ǻʲô˵ģȥɡ
ڳѾǾͱǲѡġѡĶмСڣ׸һףȻһʼȶƣ
ֻѡȥ
ԣ׿չҲ򵥣̡̡
ôʹˣһױС屧ţ汧ˣûԵϵҲ򵥣
ڶһ˲ˣ̰Ҳ̫ǣ
ϢԺïһ˵ȫɥӸģٶһҰף̱ڵϡ

СԱߵҸղ˵ȥٰɣû˵ȥͷɣ
ѵǿ٣ƤӱôǳЩڳԡȡȫǮõ̰ۻᣡ
̰Ϳͷ
˼ǣǺǰ;ġﵱгǿ
ʵ
һݵĶɹͷˣùˮ㣬ǳԵɫ˵㡣
֮ǰЩ˳Բ˿˿ۣ֪ǿ˿ˣʳô࣬ЩгĶʳһֱһ˻һ㣬Ϊֻб
ʳȱҪʡһЩСһ㣬Բһ㡭
ʳ
Ҫ˵ʲôǴˡһһİվ͸ˡ
Ǳ䲻
ڣҪֳǺͷص˿ڣټϽıдӺСˡ
˱ǺܺãǷŵʵĵطҪһʱ䣬ڴ֮ǰǾͶΡ
źǣеĳǳؾûһǲء
̾˿˵д
κʹĽˣҲǿҪˣ˵ֺҪˣҸûȥˡ
ֺ³δӣҲеǮӡΪ˹ĶΡȡΡεĻԣֺ϶һأأΪȻвκõͲβ
ιҲֳɼӣ䵽⼸м䣬ÿڳأһﵽһĿζӿԶǮٵĵȻǮӦ١
õζӣÿ꿪ǰԼõĵ
⵱Ȼͻһľζһθɵúãѡ˺ǱζɵùǣͱӱС
ҲбȽϼ򵥵İ취ֱ
ֺ϶ʹһš
ǽıһֱפֻˡ
ֺеɱȡѡһжתʵѾһƿصˡ
ڻǮԽԽ࣬ζţҪȥ׬ǮȥԴǮ
ūһֶ͵ֺȥˣΪ£̫ˡ
Ȼ
ʽ䣺ǵ£ôˣ
俴һۣͷСһϢѾκǮһʮᣬǮһٰʮᣬ֣Ǯһٶʮᡣ
Щٶ֣ܽóۣûࡣ
֮ǰܲκǮ˵
ֻҪκǮ
ͷκǮ
˵Ҫ֣Ǯȱ֣࣬Ҫȥ֣ѵ֣Ǯ
˵ҾҪκǮȥ֣
䣺
ˡ
ڿˡ
ˣӦ֮ǰκǮ
ǣǰĽϪ˫ӳǺϲĳǳأڴڽĹϽ֮£Ƕһ£Ǯ
ĿǰʱģҵΪûпʼѿҲûгԳΪ˵ѾǺţXˡ
ԹΪеˣûС
ȱʲôˣǴԼ취ԼһЩرܵĶ֣˿κôġֶע١ĳʲôгҩģټģоŮĳĳž֮Ķ
ЩѵþѵΨһ
ҲϡһģעܳҲǱƷ
ϣǮúСһŮбġ
ԸǮңͨõġ
۵ǻüǮ߰ٶ칤Ѿ˺ܴĲ
³Ǯκԡ֣гУܿͻע⣬˷ƻ
Ǯ£ڱС
κʱӪ£Ѿ൱һκĵͼ͵Ķȥͷ
һäκܻᶢŹд󳼵լۡʹཻˣǽϰ۵Ļ⡣֮⣬ǳصĿⷿͺҹˡ
ˣ֪κǵİǸ˰
κرõһǣÿǳضϵͳĿⷿ
һϵͳĿⷿдǮκģǳǳԼģ
һϵͳĿⷿд֮ڳǳ
Ҳ˵ǳÿҪκ˰֮أҪٰһִԼĿⷿУԱʱ֮衣
սʱ
ʵһǳõİš³ȫһ𣬽ɸǶѳǿĶ˽淢սˣƳ˽ȥȻǲúýġ
ùãܲסѾȥ̫ˣĳһεκʱʩеĺܺá֪ȥκԼⷿǸʹˡ
ǿһ̣ʮһ̡
˵ʱ͸ˡ
ǮĹ£κǡǵĹѾˡ
֮⣬ǲֹǹĶ˵ǿҲЩ˸ȾָˡǺţҪⷿ⣬ǾͰѳǿĶⷿǿ⣬ٰѹĶ衣
˵˸ǳ⣬˵óҪ̿ˣ˿ȡ衱Ƕ裡̧ܵǷư
ЩΪȻĴӦˡ
ңýǽЩôϹˮЩͼԼͻԼҡеġӾȻЩ󣬻˾áӵǮ͵ˣȻѹɱˣʼ
ôһһģа˸Ƕˮˡ
ٶȲʵѾܿˡ
˸УѾ˷Щ˿棬Ҳ˳ǿ״
ɱ档
ǲϧЩò汻ɱˣ
һγ˾ͺѸı䡣˽˷ˣͻкҪЧ
Ǯ̫ˣޱȥֿջ
ɱôأ
Ҫⷿ
еⷿżе˾Ӽ뾡ѿⷿ
ؽ󹺾Ϳʼˡ
Ҫɶ磬ٰⷿκˣκǮȥ֣һ򵽵Ķ
³֮Σ
Ҳ˷κ״
ţϲֹһҪκǽǡ


348 ֣
֣ɳǻһ֡סǰȣһЩ仯ġ
Ҳ޺ŵ֮, ҲûɷǵڶԼҩɾ
ϻкܶ, ʹ̹ǣҲҪͷɢ
һʻ
֣˵Ǳ³˻, æʣСڣ
ЦŴ밲, ҼҹСء
֣ͷ, Цкְ£Կɰˡ
Ҫ, ȴ˵֪ˣһС¾ͲˣʹһӾһ, ҲΪԼܵ¡
֣ܸжʹͺ֮˰Ѵ˸ˡ
ʷ˵, Щ̡𣬻ͻλҪô죿
֣üðɡ
ʷţлʷ࣬οҪļ, ֻһʱƲŲ, أȹЩӣܰѴȰûת⡣
ᣬл, лҡ
Ǵ֣Сʱչˣุʦϳ֣λ̰˻ΪʷҲ֣֮ơ
ҲĻ֮һ֣һɣʱҲ֣֮ĸʱȰ룬ϲչţְ𣬶ߵʷö֮ʷ֮ơ
֣λԼͻѭ
ҡͷš̾뿪
˸˻صľӴĸڹʱ˵ˣʱ۾ˣһסȣ޵̱ڵأҶҶ̫ˡ̫ˡ
˲ҵŹŮ˵ʲôĸ׺صСĸףٻص³ġ
ĸæᣬϲĪ³㣿Ҷ³һͰ㣡
ҡҡͷҸĸֻ̫࣬󡣡
ĸ׷ЩԥСϲѾòˡ˶һȥ󣬴ŭô죿
ֻȥСģȥȱĻ
˼ҪȥĸҲ޿κΣͳǮȥһԸԸˡ
ã˻ȻԸˡҪĹȥҪˡ
ĸС˵ŮòɣܴϲЩǡ
˵ͷŮɣ֪ˡĸ׷ģһСĵġ
ĸ׾ɲ˲Żô֪Ů£
˵İ£ĹǰҪˣдˡŮвͥǰⶼԵñȱ𴦸䡣
󡣡˹£ȴЩȲˣֵңҶôˣ
һ£̧ͷʱѾˣ˵³Ӳѹߵģ
һһҺסؿڵϴޣҶҶĸײȥȥ
Ҳһޣһ߿һ״ε˵ǻûֳǣӡһ˵³ģǸӣ϶ûһˣ׵úܣЮǾߣ·Ҳʣͣ
ֳǣͱһ˱ס첲ɪɪں£Ƕڱ𴦣ҲˣŮҲˣҺ͹һ̨Һ˴ˣֻһһ죬˵гԵȥãȥˣһͲˣ׷棬ֻһ˱ŹߣȥңסңŹˣ
˵شޣǿ޵ʧӵĸǣץס˵ͷʹôܰһ˶£ôûҪɱ㣡ɱ㣡
ˣΧŮûһ
˲ҷֻƴסҲָץһѪۡ
ˣڵϿޡ
ͷңϵ۵ģȴûж㿪󣬷Ű󣺡ٰȥɣҷĲ¹ôС
ô֣
ʹʧ̬ȻڣŵĿˡ
˹˵ԸԹȥ½ŮҶԸ⣡ٰȥɣһ˭ʶ᲻Է˯һֱ޵ģ
Ů󱯴ˣַ˼ϣָ仹Ŵͷϰͷæӵĸ˵ͷ硣
˿־Ĵ˸
Ҫ£Ҫ¡ᣬǸ˵𣿶ҲãҸ㻻·
԰ǣȥͷ¡磬õȫԼĶ·Ҳǡ
Եùˡ
ĵ𣿡
˵ͷĵģ
û˺ӣԸҵĺ𣿡ֻҪҵĺһңͿһһ÷˴ʧɫһ̵𾪲Ǽٵģ󿴵ó
˾еǹô죡Ҫȥҹİ
ĲԸҵĺӣҵĹ𣿡
ԸŮݻص³𣿡
˶ͷˡ
һֲţΪʲô𣿡
ҷŲ¹ҵĺһҲܰһ³
أˡ
סһҲҲ
ͻ³˵ҲУҵġҡֻ谮Ͻá
˵ȥ
֣ҡͷ
ڲˡ
ǼɡռЩ˵ʲô¡
֣ô˵ŵͷ
˵ͷĽŻ˵Ǵ֮Ůǹݼ
֣ЩȣΪŮȻŮ
ֱˣȻϲѣ֪
ǲǺ£֣ʡ
˹˵ҡ̧ͷһΧˣлҸߴ
֣ӻ֣̰ѵе˶ȥˣֻ¡
ʲô֣ʡ
ϵĺëȫˣĪú¡
˵˵³ң³ѡ
֣Ŷһʲôѣϻ֣
ͽ³ӣȴӸλһرһΪس
֣³ĻҲҪ̫֡
СʲôõϢ
Ͼŵ³þͱϻˣ³涼ûţ֪ʲô
˵³кܶ񡣡һ䣬ܶ࣬һߣ
񣿡ֱ֣
ڱ˽Ļ˵ЩڶӣҲûгԵˣ³ǵгԵˣ³ڴĿ֣˵ֻҪ³ܻȡ³ҹģ
⵹ȷǸʵĵӡ
֣ûз˻ȥǰ˹
ȥԹ˵
ʣԹԭ³ˣ᲻أ
֣˵³Ĳǹ£ԹˡǱǵĴͰգΨһϴˢֳģǵĹʧ
ܿˡ
֣ⲽӭӣǣ֣Ҫͬƴǲŷ棬ͣ˵½һЩ²Թ̫Զ
ºȸп֣Ķ飬ȻʾԸΪ֣֪ѸͿأϧ
֣ͱϷ˿˵ɡ
֣㣬˵˵һͨ
Ц֣˵֪֮ŸүүһֻҪһֻҪ£㲻֪ôүүΪ̫ӣȢ˵ۼΪޣܱ˸ϳ̨ǰҲֵģ
֣ʣԹΪ棿дʮΧǣ±ݳǳأ
϶ĵͷţɵЦβȥһѵһʢ
֣ȥ
ʵ̾ȥӻ֣
³ضԸͿ̸һ̸ˡԸ³ṩʳ³ҪӭȢ֣ҪӦԹ
֣˸ϵ³ֳǣȻɽ˺
صǣЩ
񣬸ù²壬Ů
ֳЩΧ˰꣬⸽͸ðͽˣбض衣
Щȴ·в·ƿȴƣ񡭡һġ
ⲻܣ
Ȼ泾ܶ˶ǲȽãʧ룬ʹæҲǡ
Ļܹ˼أ
Щð֣̣û˿Ļɡ˰£ЩˣڸǷӣ
ҪֳǳǽԼķӣ
һɫ䣬ŵƭЩ˲Ǩ˵صİգ³Ҫǰ


349 ´
ЩȲҪ֣ʵ飬ɵǻص֣, ȴ֣ˡ, ǾͲȥ֣µȴһ, Ϊ±֣, ³֮޹, ȥ״Ҳд
³֮йصġ
£ɵˡ
Ϊһһ, ޵
һҶ֣ˣͶ֣֣, Ҳ޹ءͻ֣϶ȻŮ׸֣֮ƽ, ҡϣ
֣˶Ȳٵٶȣ
˺޵
֣ǲдģֻǱɱˡɶĶ
һȰŭҵȲΪСӢ, պػῴС˵Ŀ
֣ȴһ
, Ƴ֡
ϲɣʱɲɣҲ˵ı׼ҪԼ֣ƮƮ컨, Ȫ̶֣һ㡣
֣֮ң̨Ҳĵط
ĶǸõˣû˻ᳪ
֣ʱ뷽跨μᣬͼǰ¶¶һϰߣһμԸ䣬ʱյĶ࣬бһŮű߻ֻϵһ˿ƹŮȵų죬Ȱƣһ
һûȣЩԵˡ
֣ЦŮȥϯ˿ĹŮȥ޲Ц
Ὺ൱ɹ
³ȱˣֱ֣򡪡¶˰
͵͵֣
֣ļǶģʳƵҪҲֻôֻҪȥ⼸طأԿһĿȻ
֣ǰȥʱ͵õϢȷʵڴ
ʵĺʱΪʱ򲻵ȥմֻǰĳù䡢棬ҲеĵطöҩҲֻΪÿðԼǲԵģҲ֣̣ˡ
Щ˶У̣Ҳ³̣ǻκ̡
ֱӴųǮߣӰ֣һЩһ˶ûˡ
֣ץסһ̽סһȣҾΡ
Цʳ궼УβѻĳЩأ³󣬴Ҫдʱ㣿
֣Ȼ֡
֣˶Щ̴󿪷֮ţҲҪϼ̲顣
ֻҪ򣬾ȥ֣ѻɽֻ꣡
ĩء
ѾģˣٲǰĻߣڵֳǳһȥȫոµĲݡ
ʵǸĽˣֻһ֮üС˯ҰԣЩˣҲü
ïٲԸҲӹϡȥˡ
һֱ⣬ˣǲ⡣
ˣû˼壬Ҳû˸ĸ֡Ϊūͣ͵ҲԶٽҵˡ
Ŭ˼·Ǿû˼֮ҲٷܶˣԻԵˣ
Ҳؿް
Ϊʲôޣ
߳ܡǶΪԼū͵ûϵ˵һ죬ǷųȥǷû취ˣϥԼ
ΪйһԾЩ١˶ڻƷ⽨й磬һߵĽֵϣǶеǱӡųš
ʧȥĿеǵ
Ǿһµ
˵Ǿ˵ǻûɣҵūȥʲôǾҪҸʲô
Ц
ïӦò
ںæǳæµеڼеĸо
ǵ軧Ҹ֡ïСΪҵĹӶ𾴣СʱֵˣᱻסϹ˾
ץѰǶץˡǰȥۣΪһЩǮܰ˸
ǲôɣѵ¼仹û˵ĵطˣ
ȫҵжһץˣұˡǵСãź磬ЩһеŮһ𱻴ˡ
͸汻סţһˡ
ûкˡ
ïûԼպﻹкأ
Ƕһģÿ˶һĹ£˾Ͳϡˣ˾ģ
ΪΪ̴ֱΪֹԺ󣬻ľͰִɨ̨ÿһ硣
ΪۣԼŵõ³
һģܲ˥ϣڲ֪ʲôˡ
˵ʱЦŵġ
Ǳšˡ
ȴûһЦ
˵ˣѹԹ԰
ûǸʱ䡣
ĵһ͸Ƿֿˣһ˰쵽һطôһһƬ˶ܡ
һƬ
ˣ죬ѽɴӽһƬתɣˣһҶʲôˣȻ˶ûд©֮ѡһ֧׳ȻŮ˺ͺ
ïеţʣʲô׳˵Ů˺ͺӣ˵ҪȥѧֺͼŮҪȥϹ
ʲô
Ϳţͷӹľ빣Ӿ͵Բˣ·ļһһֵĶʮ١ǧ򣿡
һ
Ǵİɣ
һˣ
æȥǸˣòҵˣ˻ģ˵ǹİҲһĸ㰡
ïҪⱲӼֻмǮˣûô࣡Ҫˣ
ʵûգֻȶ˵ȹţȹŲ𣿵ȸٸ㻻ɵĻ
⻰ǺŪġ
ïһº׹һȼһһǧˣܼǧ໧
Ҫ˵չҲȷʵչˣΪǧ໧ЩʵİոһнԼҵū͡
ūӦؼڣǼÿ˶еģں׺һ䡰ĳ֮͡
׳ĻһͰЩ͸ߴ롣
ȻŮŮŮ֮ͣġ
ïЩ²ְЩС㡢̫̫ҲߣȥѯʣҲúܺ˵ꡣ
ǮͿԲȥ
ŴأֻС̫̫ܡŮǲУҪȥɻġ
СȴСҪ
ڼѾѧˣǿ԰ѡˣڼٽȥǰͻÿѮϹ죬һҪȥ˵ĺӻ˵Ĺӣһͬʡ
Сǻˣ˾Ҫʣȥʲôİ
ʲôҪأ
ЩСܵá
СǵĻش廨ţϾ򣺡ǽȥ˵ġͳġ
ȥġÿ˽ֳҪĻ
ˣϡķִȻڡáǣҲųúȥˡ
ҪǣСȥʶ˺ܶͬˡ
زģİı˴Ϥˡ
ȺïʱѾܾû뵽ͬˣժ¥ΪӺϱӵˡ
ִйˡ
ôʺϳŽΡ˼󣬳˾׷ʻ۷׷Žܳˣˡ
崦ǲݷӣйΧȫǸߴƯľͷˡ
ʿӴҲһȦסԽԽˣ˵ڴˣ춼
ҲԽԽ
ҲԽԽˡ
ǽһκǮٸӶͥԺУ򿪣ȫһκǮ
һöѾЩĥƽˣ߽Ǵͭء
ú档
ȻǼٵģȻҪٵһźáЩǮȫɴ
ôɣơǰ֣˲ǧ¯˰֮Ķôɣмҡ
һʣ֪޲ԣѲܷǸ̴͸˵ЩᣬСȥɡ
˾
˵һѾȥ֣ˣʳԼǧʯ
еκǮӻȥȥҪ֣ע⡣һЩ
ͷ֣ǵģһǰĳŶܳˡ
ԹŴĴ洢˵ʳıǺ鷳һ¡
룬ýԪүүˣһֺ֣ҡ֣ʳΪսʡʳ״棬ÿ궼µģ꣬ɵľͱ취һе֣֣Ϊͻ⵽ش
ΪԶֵأΪ֣Ը֣ҲԼ֡Ҳѵá
ֻҪض֣֮ͨ·
ﲻФ³һ㣬һ磬ٲһuҲУֻҪ֣ģ׾ٵ
һ룬һߵǾͰʳȥġƲӵʱҪιūһ㶼ôʳû


350 ϧ
֣ĳ˴ơ
ֻȥţԵĳȻ˸üǮ
۽ڽ, ܿаն̲סѼҸЩ, ֻҪȥˣһһؼﻹ׬Ǯء
֪, ֣, ֣ص˶̻, ķ׷ױŲۣۼ, Ȼ
һЩ˷ִ˵ղͿʼ֣ƶ
ʤϢܿ촫֣
֣Ȼн˳ɵİնǿΪ, Ϊֵص˶࣬۲һֱϲȥ
ֳʳ붼ոˣ֣˰ʮ˰, Ͻʮ֮
˰˵Լ˵˶٣Ȼʮ֣֮һ˵һĶһʯ, һĶҪʮʯ, һĶأһ㣬ɡ
ɵзݣв⣬οһ㶨ĶܸߣԶԶڵʵճɡ
ôأ

Ĳ, Ǯ˰
΢ЩĵĳǳزѰǻڵߣٻ¹Եʳ
ǿЩʳȥõǮԻɶü˵ʳ
˺ģ˰յòҲϺˣǾͼˣǷ˶ٶǮɡȵǷ˻һҲĵزʱ򣬾͸õءŮˡ
ĺһģǷ˰Ҫǲȫã̣һĵغǮҲסˡ
ԣΪòǳΪ̣෴մ֣ȴûгԱӡ
۱˸̧ˣ
еİնϲ
Ǳ棬еĴׯڴڣԶԶ˵ˣæӭȥȥ
˵Щ˶ڴǣǾڳſڣ˵Щȥ
ΪľܶǮͷ˰ʱЩ
һ֣еУǲֵضѣֳһӶ˼ҵġ
֣ԼһﶼûС
ϲ֣ȻǵøǳءԸ֣ҲûĽƵģǮֻܿͰ͵ĿÿϽ˰Ϊ
óϽۺ󣬹ЦЦ󣬵֣ҲûôСΪ֣ϲܸйǻһΪûмӣԵܺã֣ϲ
˵֣Ǹ˶֪ǿƣͶдô
ʵҲȷʵˡ֣λ󣬸ûж֣һëֻǴεõеӵܣ˵٣ƣû˶
Щأϡ
⿴һۣƵ֣λֻʹͣûм˰ӸġǷ뷽跨ܾͣһ顢һ赡һ٣Ըǳ˵ⶼǴǵ׽֮⡣ȵݺˣǵȻҲҪӱĻȥС
ػؼ䣬֣г
һ̨ĥĿɲһ
ͷ̡ܽ
ǽ֣¡
֣֪Ǽƻе̫˳֣ڶûֶߣʳѾԴԴˣȴȥκǮȫˣû塣
³ǮȥһȻ˸߽䣬ҪκǮԽԽá
֣ƺϲǮǽκǮΪΪ˲֣ע⣬Ƿֵʱ䣬֣дķᣬתйĻûǮʹ
֣̬빨ʣһۺˡ
ζţ֣ף֣סΪ֣ڵ³࣬ǸΪСǳȻĺԸӯˣûˣǿһޣһ֣군ֻҪҵһ˵С
ֻ֣ǸḶ́κ֪ʱܿ
Ҳļ꽪ԪүүµľһȻˣʮ֣Ԥһ·
˶֣Ͳˡ
֣ѾˣƺѾ֣ദúܺá
Ϊڵ֪֣СӺȴòƺϲ֣ȥ˵Ȼǵôô̺֣ˣ˵Ȼ֣߰ߣ֣
һýհ졣
Ȼ벻֣ͨнˣ˼⡣
֣ʹˡ˵öǿȥҪ֣ΪССǰͼޣǲȻҪһ֣޵£֣ŭǿԲҪֻ֮С
СӦѾϢͻ֣ˣ֣Ӧ֪³ġĿġʳܶʳǿǰƣص
֣ʹϵϣ³ٿţﶼټвҲ׽ܡ
ôģ֣Ľܺһӡ
ˡһתţ֣Ǯ
һ˵Ͷˣ޷֣ҪǮ˰أǵ˾ͽǮҪ˰أǵ˾ͽ
էһƺǾ֣ˮ𣬵ʵȴǼ롣
˰е޵ģ޾԰սΪޡ
ݹ֣һ˰˼ĿУ˰ģ֪Щܽ٣ܹȥʳʣµȫߣ꾰ãЩʣ࣬ǰǾͻˡ
ڲϵӣҪˣһָ̫ˣҪˣһָ
һ֣˽˰ˣֻãŶˣǾټӵ㡣
֣˷˰ˣˣ˽Ǯ
֣ܽˣǻ̫٣ٶյ㡣
˼֣Ҫ˰һ˼ĸ߷塣
ʱ˳ߣ֣ʧȥԮͻᶸȻɽߵ˰
ⲻһһһһءԹ㣬ҲҪǣ٣
Ļڵκȥ˵ֻа˸ǵ˽ۣ˵ǰ˸ʮһҹĳǳеȥ򶼲Ը򣬶ĳ̽裬衱һЩ⣬װӡ
ֲ飿
һЩԭûմȾĳǳҲ˵¡
ŶһƵ·أ
Ŀ
һ֣·֣Σӣ㸲ڴ˿̣
֪䣬һ亹ٿȻֱ۾ˡ
һ֪ԭˡϱӣµĵжԹ˾壬ֻҪĹ˾ԵģֻҪǾ֣ʱ䣬˾̽ʧϰǼȰʲôʱ򵹸һҲ϶ˣ¶ңֻøı£
ͬµģ˿ͷҹ鷳Ҳû˸Ҷһ˾ҲǿͿġ
ֲϲͷ˹šһβۣ˵˾ˣͷ˾Ǹ˾ʹְˡ˾һСʱǴʲôûü
ڹҲʼˡ룬Ǹֶοµ˰ɣȻܽΪʲô
˺һ̧ͷȴŵ񣬹ⲵͷ˵֣ɪɪ
ɬ˵Ǯ
ͷƽƽĿȴйһȻЩܳĿ⡣
ԶǮˮһȥκǮĿĲİκĿⷿΪ˴κķĶʲô붼ԭļֵҪߡ
أ֣ǮֻһĿ
ûǮˡ
ңֻƷ֣Ŀ֣³ʱȴû֣ܵв
ȻҲûκв
УҲֻǺͨģϡƽСв
ȫشݻһĸ
ǧᣬһµĺ۲ŴԣĳŷֻǴ¡绺ͼ֮Ϊϡ
ûҪһξͰ֣ɵ
ϧˡ׻ǵ˵ͷȻƻܺãʩеʱ
˿ʱŷȫ亹Цһԣĳ𣡲ֹÿϧĳҲ޲Ŀ֣ĩ֮
Ź
ǡϧˣ


351 ׬Ǯ
һϢý̲ס
ֳ֮ԷС, ӦҲۼɵġѲߵСֺܸǰѯʲǼ, ر˵˲࣬һٶ໧, İٶ, ÿҲͶʮ, ǰˮĴ䣬ˮ, ǱҲܴΪֻǿŸ˻ͻһڣ˵ֳǸ˶, žٴǨ
ΪֳоѲߣûǿΪ
ֳڵȷ˴ǵˣ˳ͣӿ, ԽԽࡣرڶѾˣнһɵƺô˻Ǩֳ
һɣǽ, ϵһˡ
бмϸ
мϸҲ, ϸмϸ÷
ϻϸ˺ܶ굽ͽġ
г裬ͶЧ֮ʿ
Ϣٶȵ⣬ֱڻ˺šϡǴҽ˵й, йˣųȥء
ͻȦ˸ȺȫȥţͯȥǼǵ⣬ȻѳɽɽĿ

һʼܳʵԼŬÿ쿴ҹҲһֽ󿴵ͨᡪѬġ
̾˿ôˣǰ㿴
ߵѾܶࡢܶˣй޵Ĵÿ춼ϻͳȻİˡ
Щ൱һ̨ʱ䡢塢ϧȥģǴʿӴɿ˲ˣȳ䶨󣬽Ҫ۹ͣýôЩˣ᲻Ǯͬǿ
룬ЩԸҪǮҲԸÿ춼ܵǰ¶
ʣһϲ֮ϸĺõˡ
ʿӴˣϵˣӡǲס֣ҲʶЩӵܣͨգ̾С
ٷ˵֤˽ػ
ȻֻһϷʵѧмֵĸӡ
Щû¿ɸɡ
һʼǵĶλڣΪʱڶԽϤȣѡ˵Ϊ˵ӡʿӣھ˭ڶҵ㡪˽˭Ĵۡ˽˭Ĳϰߡ

һġ
ڲңΪǺͽͬս꣬ʱѾڡ
ãѾ԰ѽߵ˽һˣΪµģרְڵġ
һЩͶɣԸһԻЩͶˣѡ֮ر۵ĺ̨ӣһһۣǻೳ̡
û³ˡ
³ûǮˡ
˵ľȻһٻŷʵĵӸ󣬾Ȼѹˡ
ϸ˼һΪ³ĹⲢԣɵġ
ӳԪδȨӦ棬Ҳ֪ûƵֶΣÿջĸ˰֪ܵȥˡ
ⲻᣬǮ̫ࡣ
һ仰ȷʵ֤󵨣ΪžͳѾʼеĶˡ
һ̨͵͵ˣ֮Ӧܻǧʯʳǧʯú
Աߺ޲ס䣬ܡ
ͷʣʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷź̾λʼʮԡҶŸ񣬺ˡ
ڣѾˡе޵ģֻ˳ģԪĶû
ֺҲܿϧȥս񾭵ˣܽԪ̨ܽİﶼȻС
׬Ǯأ
òʧ
ֻܴӱ취
롭µһ³֣ˣǽδӣȰһ֮Ķʲôġ
ôʹ㣬취еͨ
ԥһ£ʲôǶ飬Ȼ֣ɺһɻ飬һǮ
ȻԲҪ˵㣬С
ȥˡҪ׼ʱ֪ͨǣٰˡ
ڻûǮ
ȹ͹Ⲷȥˣ˵ôһˣҪ
ʣΪⵣ𣿡
ͷ
ʣʲô𣿡
ýزپҵȥ١
ĺôǮ죬Ҳԣɹٴζ
ܲȥٹ
ûнͬ⣬ɣȾҪԸСҲȥɣȥˡڣѾսˡ
Ըˣٿȥļ
һ£빨һоϡ
еԲ׼Կ羳ٵͬж٣һͬƻͺпܻвۣٻɽΣաԸýðա
ڶѾǰˣкܶ಻ĵطȥ֪û£汻֪ˣսɣˡ
ҪľȻ֪³٣֪˭ɵģҲץס˭ɵģ³ͿԲǸɵġ˼·
˵صǣҿԴ˼Ʊػ޳ɡ
ڶ죬˵󣬹Ȼ޳ɡ
ϡˣôô˵
㲻˵ǰȻ¹ٻЩԵõģȹֻһЩطû취һ¶ѡ֮ͲôˡԹļƻҪòŸҿڣΪ˼ûṫ˼ٵ¾ͻˡ
ڹ˵ȥĹһʱ֮ãţû⡣
ڹĵĻ᲻³սֻҪ˷֣ץסʵݾˡ
ܿṩһĶ󣬾֣ʲôҲףʳ
潪ṩһ򣬡ǿ
ǽȫûġ
ܽ𣿡
Ȼԡ³ޱ
ŶһͶˣԣ³ĶûбģûԸɻµı³ڶûһŵĽС
еģں֮ڶԣΪǡ
ֻûܡһ˼·ͨˣ̾׽ôһʧ
ȥأģ̽ʳ԰֡
ڵ̫ӣ˵״ɵЦ˼˵һ׬Ļᣬţжɣ׬죬ٽһԮ˵кôģĴӦĿܼ
³˵ǰύһпܼλΪˡ
Խ˵߶Ȩ澡췢ԶԶȵƽȹҪø
Ҫͣļ룬ԽԽǿڵƽҲʧ⡣
ĳдšԺ˵ͳȥ
ҡ
üԴ󽫾Ϊϡ
Сý壬Ǹ
Ǿô㷴ǲͬýģȰպǱ֪ǴɵģҲԵô۲Ŵԣᱻ˷ġ
£ͬýġΪ繨˵ģɣǴ治ɽͻһˡ


352 ȼ
Ϊ̫֣࣬ۿʼ, һЩѾ򲻵ˡ
, ȥջܿġһϡٵڴ֣ԡ
ٵԼӡٵ, ңԶ֣Ҽ, ʳǼ, ҲΪΪһС񣬾Ǽ, λıòΪģ򲻵ˣ
ƫƫϼ̫Զ, ͱռˣ̫, סס˼УӶû˵ã˵ˡ
οֲʲôֵǮļҵףϼкôһƬء
Ǻ, ɬˡΪס˼, Ժȴòռ˼ҼҵıˣԼȥġͻȻԼҪԲˣˡ
˭֣˻гԲһ죿
˾˵Ǯȥ򣬵Ҳ, ΪÿģŵȴˣһˣͷдҪǵĻⲻ
ֱԵǵĵҲûˣ͵ˡ
֣һ
æʵµˣȻ˵زˣѵһ³ܰҹ𣿡
֣ӡ֣֮ѾǸˣǵøռλʱгʱ˵йĴѾûԸȥˡΪģǸɻ̫۾Ͳˡ
ôͻȻͱˣ
һ˷ղˣЦݼѮǶˣŻء
Χ˶Ц
ղǸѮɾ͹ɫʣлҪСӣֱԣΪεŴȤأδ̫ˡ
˾͹֣ǵǸתͷ֣˵Ѯɲ֪ſ˵ԡ˶ǽƻ֮ҹʳ̫࣬ΪԽԽ࣬⼸صͶѲˡ
֣ԵͷҲ
˵ôһֱҲû׬Ǯ³޴ȣȻΧǣʳ󼱣³˶֣£ǧҲѵһ
仰һأе˶Ц
֣ҲЦЦߵͷΪԵá
Ҳܵ⣬ɫ³ģǵ˾ٶ࣬ҲԲ֣ʳҹ֪ѵãϼֻܰ۸߸̧ܴ׬һʣ
еȫЦ˽ƻġ
ѮɼˣǴмָȥأ˼Ȼ³ˣҲҹհ
֣ԣæοѮ𼱣һΪ񣬹¶ˡЩ˼Ҳȷʵѹǰȥβܽڲһ˿һΣ
Ѯɻ˵ʲôϵѾʼ֣ˣҲֻˡ
ǿؽϣ˶ʮ֣ӽԴ;֣³Ϊ֧Դ֣³˳ˮ£³֣ȴϡ˼ǿֻܳ˳
;Ҳ㼱á
ǿڳһ빫Ļϰµġ
֣ǰʣַѣغ󣬲ʽ̸
ǰض˵⡣
Ȼû֣Űһ֮棬ҪʣҪڡ˱֣ɿҲֻܰˡ
ôȰ˵֣ɱɡ
һ֣϶Ի֣ðܵеΣٵ³
ڶ֣ɱ³ʹֻΪţΪСȷʵ֣òԣٸɱ˶ǿ֣Ļ
󣬹аţǿ֣ɥ
ǿĵľǴ˵仰
˱򣬵ȻҪͨ뺡ǿȥϹ٣ǿϺţȻǸˡ
֣ϻ˰
˲֣ˣúô·Ьͷϴڣʩ񣺡αأȼˡ
ǿ񣬡ҵСӶǿسɡ
αһЦһǣŶǿݣϲϲϾŮˣƵдΪܵˡ
ǿҲܸӣúȾƾͺȾƣ״ŮסСְ񣬻ҪҲ£ˡ
αû檣öǿЩŮ绨
ϯϲѹαزǿǣʻҰţýζ
Ҳֹ˵ЩлҲ˵պΣ֣ɽʿȡģ֣س£ҵԭʲô
ǿžףĪɣ
αشЦ֣ȥҾ͸ˣ
⻰ǿľƶһ롣
Ҫ˵ɡ֣Ǻ֣ɫαؾȻڽ͸֣ɼ˲һǸѵõ֮ˣ
ȵҹϢˣ֪αǵ졪
СҹţǿԲ˫ۣΪԼͿˡ
Сڹ
ô
ôҹ
СʩһҾӯټʵڽҲܲᣡȻˡ
ǿϽҪƣСסңҾڴ¹⴦˵վ¹ĵطˣϱ¹յ˺֡
ǿҲȷʵеɣʣСôڴ˴ͣһ£Ϊأ
С㣬˵˵һͨ
ǿ֪ԭСͱϻˣֻ̨֣
ΪȻ̨֣СҲûء
ȻС³ϡԼĴֲعͱѺڴ˴ˡ
ɡ
ˡ
ǿһ亹дҪģ⡭ⲻݺһ֣֪Сһŭô죿
Сǿɫƣæͣǣ˼ཻ꣬ͬ㣬֪ܾңҳġ
ǿһ֣ˣȻѣȻѸ⣬³˾֣ˣ
ѵ󵨡
αغιӣȻǷˡ
С̹ףԸΪ³ȡǧֻܵ³ӻ
ǿǧ
ʲô֪ȻҴӦֻøСϡ࣬һ;ͺ͵Ȼͣĸˣ˻ٱһͣˡ
ǿƨɵˣαȥССӦˣ
С̾˿ӦӦˣֻǲ֪ġǿ³̸£ȴ֪֣ױ£ʵڷ˼
αصҪôֻй֪³֪飬³Ҳ֪飻Ҫô³֪飬ǿţ֪顣
Сҡͷ˵˵ͨǰߣ³ų⣬֣³֪飿ߣ³Ȣ֣ȴţ
α˵ʲôͨģҪô³Сͷϵ˵£ҪôСӭȢ֣³ҲǲֵһС£ԲСС¡ͻȻһΣζҪô߽пܡ
ǿسǣ˴˳ǣ֣
·Ľȵݽͨ뺣ݼ˳̫أһסһҹٸ·
ûᣬ̫ҲǴһССӼһˡϣķҲͨͨͣǴݡ
ʲô˶УǿҲֻǴԼһ첻͸Ͻȥʳˮ·ã̫شоͿˡ
ڶ죬ϴϾ͵Ÿ̫شУ첻ֹ̫ûգӴǸҲæ죬ϵȵ˰磬ڸڳŹرǰŴҴҹ
ǿٱһ죬ԭƻˣԷҲû˿˼ƻ趼쵽ˣ˵һ·أҹڻҰ֮û
֣ôе㿴
Ͼ³ʹ
ǿɫ죬˵Ļû꣬ȡ뺾ˡ
˦˴˳
ΪҪȼˣϼһ˵û򵽸
ô᣿ǿ󾪣㲻ǰǮȥ˰ɣǮűϹɣôһǣһͳģôʳ
ίԩˣһ죡ӳǶܵûʳе궼Ŷأߵʱڿأ
ΪβǿʣΪˣ
ҡͷ֣ҲŶǣмˣһֻа붷
ǵи󺺹¸˿ͷүү붷Ҽ߸ˣĸӣ붷Ĳ
Ա߻ˡ
Ҽһвأ
Ϊβ
ֱӹ˵š
ǿϡˣ֣˾ȻҲ򲻵ʳ
˵˵ĴʳҪһ㣬ҪһһҪٵģ˼Ҳǡ
ǿû취ֻЩڳڣֶһЩǮӾƹݡݴһЩеʳϣȻЩôˡ
ʱڳԯϳŸˮòֻǳԵһ룬ͻȻ̾˵ƹݡҲ򵽳Եģ򣬼Ǯô
ǿ˵Щ֣ˣ
˵ͷ
ǿ£Щ˺ø·ɡ


353 
ֳйУ֣ҽ
أ֣ԶһŮ, һߴ, һ߳ȥܵĻ̫, ܵ, ǸŮѾܵˡ
ڹػصתȦûҵһ, е˿뿪ˡ
ίסûп, ҵһط
֪˶ãϤĽŲҴҶϲվܳȥ

Ů˵ֶ֣ˣæһ, ǰÿһһһ֣ܳ, ĺŴ
ˤæӭȥס
֣סͿʼ״ǶңҾܣǣɱǣҲ㲻嶼˭, , ŵƵĹŮ˾ָ˵
֣񣬲һ
ɡס֣ǣ֣̫Сˣ, 㲻ҪȻ֣˵ǰǣ㲻ʶẦ㡣
ֻ֣·ˣҲֻס˽ô˵Ͱָһƣָˣǣ
ǣЩ˸ղһֱһ𡣡ߣ˵ȻչĹŮûչ˺㣬ǹ¾ͰǸߣٸ㻻µ
֣˵ҪЩˣˡ
һ˵Ǿʹˡ
֣ͽһʱΧһŮˡʱ֣ΧҲйŮˣǲǰֻչֻҪˤ⣬ǾԼĹ
Ҫ֣һһԴ취Ч֣նŴֻĻֻŴ¡Ϊˣֻдᱧ˵òˣѾİ˴
ʮ֣꣬޸ʱﶼеڶӰˡ
ż֣ͥԺ￴ǷŷݣǹȻ÷ǳˣر֣ж䶼Ž䣬Χ˹Ůˣ̺ĹӶֻҲֻ˵
˵û뵽ôֻ˵һ䣬Ǿˡ
ͷȷʵǳû֣֣һֱ˸֣ΪĸԼĸԹ۸֣֣Ĵ֣Ž͵³
ͷŶԡһζȫʵֻǴƫĻպͲ֣ˡ
ð֣ȡ֣֡޵³֣֪˻Ǹûϣûи֣ȡ֣СʲôҲ֪֪Ҳá
Ϊ֣ĸ̫ˣͱҪһпܵΣ
ֵʱѾˣѾ֣˼УһϵĿ꣬˵塣
ûзѾˣĲֹ壬飬ʼѰԼڵ壬ͨ׵˵ʼѰܱܸˡ¡
Ҳǡߡ
û˻
ǽǣߵʶﶼǿҪȥǣֻҪӡ
Ǵñ³ڼλʱѾʮˣȴûзֺԼ³˵ʶùֽԪҲùôû뵽ҪΪǿѪʶ͸ˣҪСѬգʶʱѾˣѾˡ
ǴҲñԼλȨʶһûУΪӹͲΪȨġ
ԼҵһУС֣
Ӳ֣жߣҲܴͷһԼѡǿӲˣֻ֮ĹϵѺۡ
ԣֻܾˡ
ȡһ˯֣ŵʽǣýȡ𣿲Ȼأ
ҡͷ˵֣֣ȡʵģû˱ʡ
Ҳᰡˡ
һ죬Ϊַ֣
ѯ֣ǰʲô
֣ҡͷˡһŮ˻֣ʲôأ֮⣬ûб˽й
еˡ
ںԶԶĵط
֣۽ĳסӡһֱֺ˵ģϲʱͿǸŮ˽ˡ
󣬽ڸ֣ȡ֣๦һû֣˳ýȥ˵ˡ
ľϵ֣Щɣһһ̵ú棬ǽ̵ֿġ
˼͵ĻַǳãŽ֣Ĺ밮Լõڴ
ͥԺпٵķÿ괺죬ٻʢǴȻľɫ
ֺܺáôаɡ
֣Ů³Ϊ
±ͯƳɸʾ޴ľֳǳſڣ֪ա
³ٹ졣
֣ഫ˵еġʱסɹͱ°ᵽң̨ĹŮҲҪŮ磬ڷбѣʲôġ
ϲĹң·Ҳ˱ŮۣҲۣȻṼŮ飬һ⳾׷Ůȥ
ڵֻ֣ɹд˵ĵطܱżϾʱҲǲȴӲԼ֡
ǿʱպɹ֡
ͨЦǲҲǰպˣ
ɫʱ˿̣֣գ޹⡣ܻ˵ٺȷʵɥ֮Ȯһ³ˣ³³Լȡ
߰Ĺ٣սˡǵĳʱ򣬲ϼ˲õգǴĿڴʹޣûڣûǣ
ԣȻ
ԼֻһҲû취ˡ
ԼҲô棿ɵһңʱܣľҲ˳ƶΪοʱֺֹһң
ԼҲŮ
ɽֳܱѣСôǷˣѵΪ³룿
ƺÿһǶûѡ
ѵҪֳôżСӳ³
뵽æͷˡΪ˱ԼҲģѵ۵ĲǳðǧָҲӵܡ
Ϊӳˣϻš
ֻ̨ʣһϣǺƫ֧
ûˡ
Ҳûд
ǽϣ
ѾŻͳѼ̣ѵ
ǵ궡һ֧ûˣǾܳðգǶ
֣״ͬĵ˵ͷָŲŵСˣͲҪˡ
Ҳ϶ǿˣҪôԱأ
ߺ֣붡ǿ
ǿڹǰһĽȥˡ
ƫ֣Ůڴ˷̡òĹŮˮ
Щˣ§סŮŮֶŮǼûУ
ŮȻ֪ϣǶôϲǽðҹҹҪ顣˱УżȻҲŻǲܿġ
֣³ͬǵֹ̨׾빬ŮӦ˵ûܹ¡
֣ͬŮ빬󣬾ȻͲ븸ֵܼˡ
˵ʱڣϲŮЩŮǸԼŮӼٽŮ֮ˣҲҰ˱ҵõͬѳŮ͸֣
Ůôз丸ĸֵܽأ
Ȼ﻽ǡŮҲǵԴǣнŮʹȥ¡żȻ䣬ôһŮ͸ǽĸ֡
ֳ£Ȼܹѵ
ͱֶŮͽ֣һ䶼ᱻ
ٶ֣ˣ֣ף֣棬Ҳֻˣֻô˽һ䣬˵ǹúãԿοһˡ
ͳ壬͸ЩŮҪǶ֣ܣڵзɧҡˡŮæסһѯʣ˺£³ʹڶ
˷³³ʹΪҪǲǴ³Ƕ³
վڵҲ˵ڴĺ
֣Ǻ⣿ǿ磬վ֣ǰȵ
֣Ŀɿڴеˣ³³ʹ£¡޴Ⱑ
ƫƫûˣһʼֻڡ֣˻ݣȲܸǿ棬˵Ϊˣ


354 
ҪҪȥ
ֻԥһϢ¹ڣ׼ȥȡ֣
³׸ѿĻᣡֻҪ֣³ʹ
ڸ, ȥ, ֣ض졣
ٲУͻȻһЦ֪, Դȥһ֮
ͷ, һ, ԼѮ뷢, ݶϡɼʱĿ
ˡŭ
ǹģ
κˣ, ˼˼ҵȴһζ׷ɷġ˵֣˳ûʹˡ
ƫƫʱ, ţǸ˵˵ʲôɽҲӰˣ꣬˵֣ٵ
˲֪ǳ, ԴϷ, ֪ǵ֣ŲɡɣȴƫƫΪ֣ϱͣ
Ȼûڹ٣֣ƺǳϲ, ʱżȥľӵɽ
˼ľӵɽ壬ǵɽסĵط
̣ȫɽ³ˮ֯ʢ
˾˵ס˺ü꣬ȥű֣
ǹ֣ǿĻˡ
ĳˡܷǣ֣Ϊˣ߳ŭһ֣״ƸжԴǽȥǸ³ģ˵һҾܴ壬尡
ôһ˵Ҳ޷ȥˡ³ˣ֣ûʲôѹ֮ˡԼ߿òʹΪɣܷ³ˡ
ͬڽȥΪ֣Χģ³ʹˮΪ塣
Ӳǰȥ˵Ϊ³ʹΧֺαؽȥ
˦䣬ˡ
ܷĿ첽ףſڣ֣ѾҪŲסˣǸжǿʹڶʵˣҲýȥˡ
ܷǽǲҪͨģҲ֣ʶʱйءʱǸˣ˳ûͻܹȥĳˣ֣ͨʿӣɽżһʡ֣һֱͨ˵ύһֱû¶ֱ֣װˣ̹׳ܷǵȻҪΰݣ֮ǳ׵ֱ˵һӣܽȥסĹù顢ռ
ѳַӵ˼£Ȼ֣Ȥ빬󷽷ιۣϲ
ܷǹΨһһ֣ˡǣ˶֣ضɴ֣Ļȴ֣ʵǳǳǳˣĵԸȥˡ
֣֮Ρ
䴫ԣǳǸɽ˵ҩģҲ˵޵ԼӻˣԼڹģ󲿷˾ֻˡ
֣ΪԳһӢϡ
֣˵öˣܷǿʼˡ
˵
ȥװ֪ԼʲôԸпڰ
˵ô˵Ҳܲ˵Ľ£֣ϵľƺ˾ơ
ͻȻһˣֲ֣󳼣ǿЩãȻˡ
֣˿¶ǿдܷˣǰղŵһƣ㹲
ܷǾͻλӣ֣£ǾͿ컽ȡ
֣ͻȥȡơ
˶ȥˣǸղŶ˴˶֣֣ƿԵӣҲ̫ˡ
ܷʱתͷǿˣǺˣβͬ
ⶫһٶ˥ߡղűܷǴϺ󣬾Щû취½ӻˡ
Һ֣ӻˡ
֣ղûӦʱвܷǴ֪³Ҫʲô͵˸ղʣίû뵽Ȼôµģ˵վˡ
ǿʱ֣֣ΪϸġǿعʱĴﶼ֣͵ģֵܵùˡֻЩ֣ԾѾúܺˣǿôҲòӡ
֣һޣռϷˡ
ܷ̾ͻɫԶǿԭǸͣΪˣƵᣬɶ񣡡վݺݵҪĳ𣿿
гģȻ˳֣æסŭĲܷǣˣŭᣬᣡתԶǿ˵¾³֮⣡ȷʵǹòãβֲҪʳ
ǿԽһлҲͰˡ
֣ˣ
Աߵһǣ³Ҫһǵ񣿣ôҪ̫̫̫
֣ɵˣǿûˡ
֣ɱҲˡתܷԱߣԼһƣ֣ʱѾ˯ˡ
ˣˣ֣ȥƼ¶ûѣֻܽ˰ͻȥˣСҹŻơᣬϼ켸ҹǳ£ǾʱͥԺʯ¼񵽾ƺȶ˵ʡº¾ƣ³Ǻ
˰ѲܷǷߺ֣˳˼
һҲͬܵĲˡĿΪȨΪԼҵٹ⣬̨գҪң̨İա
ɲ˵Ŀʲôأ֣ڻû֡
Ϊƣ෬ʹͣҪôգתۻ⡣
ΪȨѲ˴ҲԹ·ۣչֲŻ
Ϊ¶ɴӲ˵Ϳĸ泤Ҳʱˣɱͷҵвûκˡ
Ȼ֪ǷΪ棬ȷʵκˡ
֣ô룬벻ʲôˡ
ĪǸˣ
׿ڶϣ֣ͰѶǿһЩš
һϣֻ³᲻֪ǳⷽˡ
ȻҲôһ֣ܴӦҪ
Ȼ϶Цģ³ᣬСëһΪŻ͸һ󻰲סˣԵԼӢ۰ٱʵϷԵԼ̫
˵³ʹҵȺú
ҪöǿˣҲֲ˵ĵʡ
֣ճ󣬱ȥ붡ǿ
ǿԺ󣬹Ȼʵ˵Ŀڲ˵֣ˣ˵֣ļױ֣֣֣Ҳ̫ˡ
֣л˵˰˴
˺úôһָ֣ʢױ˵Ů˹½Ů͸֣Ϊ³Ȼ˻ָ֣û̫ˣ
ǵһѷǿ³öǿӻ
ǿʱѵ˵Ůòϲֻϲ֣֣
֣һ£֣̾ǹµѪܲ䰮ô³
ǿȰһҲ᣿
ⲻ֣𣬵µĴ󳼾Ϳˣ֣ϵܴͣŮʹҪᣡ
ǿҺʱ˵Ҫ֣ˣ㲻Ҫң
֣
ղ˵Ĵ󳼣
̫ҪˣԼ˵ĻתͷͲϣ
ǿʩʩȻڣҪһǵ֮
³һ⣬Ժ¡Զ֣֣Ҳ˵
ǿĿں󣬻˵˼ǲΪǿ˵ѡ
Ϊһǵһޣ̫˼ˡ˶ᵱ档
һ³Ϊ֣Ŀأͺˡ
ʲôǵصأôܸһǵأҪôأ
ǿ˵󣬾͹ˡҶ֣ٸģң̨ͻ³ˡ
һߣ⣬֣ͷǴˣ
𰸵Ǻܼ򵥡Ϊڵ͸֣ˣʳ
˲һղʳ
ʳ⣬һвбĶܴءȻɽеİռиûнƥҲи·ģ
˶У˱֮ȡߴΪǵˡ
³ҪģǴһÿ˵ʳҲһǰյʳ
³д𰸵Ĵ𰸡֮⣬κһ𰸣³ܡ
˵֮̾ƵǴϻˡ
֡ǸʹǰһУΪһ䡣ǰпˣҪĹˡ
ңĴ𰸲Ѳ¡֮󣬵е˶ܲµó³Ҫʲô
Ȼأ
֣ѵСĲ
ֻᱻΪ֣ûв³
ǾͶˡ
³ˣܲС£ȷʵ֣
֣Ҫǹˣ˻ô
ǵ֣Ը֪֣Ǹˡ
Ҳ³㵽Ļ
ô֪֣ԸƢģ
벻ͨܵģǽϡ
һе֮簡
ΪΣʮء


355 ʹںǸʹ
ǿҵʱ䣬±عζ֣ס, ңֱ̨ӳ, ҹ·, ϵϺؽһ, ؽ¡
֣һ, ȥҶǿȷû˺, 㣬ȵڶȥ׷ֵĹǿӲԵ۸³ʹ, ûرǰͷȥǰĳǳˣһȥ˵͵Ĵ󳼡
ǵ֪ǿѾ˴³, Ųòصң̨֣
ǰ涼ûԣΪʱ֣˶֣ԣ˺ˡӲ֣ԼĹ۵, ǵ֣֮, Żſڡ
ϵ֣Ϊ³ˣθ֣ڿӵ³³ˡ
֣̾㿴³Ǻ⣿ʹΪδҴҹأ
ն˵, ҿʹǹģ³⣬ĻشߣΪ˲⡣
ˣпеڶ𰸡֣ʳĴô죿ǿֻһʹڣ֣³Ϊ˱֦ڣֻһˡ
֣ҲˣڲҳʳܴһǵĵȼͱҪʳ³ˡ
³ڸòǴ𲻳⣬·硣
³̫֣еľףԶݳ裡ݺݵתͷԸһ֮
Ҳ
֣ҪǱ³Ķ³˷³
Ѿϵˣ֣ھˣֶΰߣǰҪһѡ
òߣԼﻹ֣֣ֻ֣ġ
ؼҽ˼ˣӶʹ飬׺βҵͬȥҲ游ȣ
ҪԣǵĸĸסǶˣҪǵʱ򣡡οǣΪҲ뿴һϵĴǲӢ
˼Ƭ̣ӵ˵ΪӢ˿ǲдϻӵܻ³
ǱϾ³ˡһ֧³ҲԵˡ
ǿ˴˳˳ˮ͵ˮǡһ£ˮ̫عӭǡ
ԴӽõˮķǣΪǺˮӾͲ˽ϵرϲˮǵĴ֧
ˮǵ̫һֱǷǵĸӹǹ齯ʱϺֳǱ˸߰˰ˣʣµһӵ˷ǣֱ˼ҵ˴ӷǸϵˮǡ
̫ؾͲ̫ԸһֱѲЩˡ
ȹϵڷҲһЩôҲе뵱ˡ
ϴͷֳʱϵ˽͵һЩ̫ؾͰˣЩһˡ
񣬴˿ϵ뿪ȥֳǣǸˡ
ھӽһ£Ҫǣʱһ̫ظеСƵģ̸һ̸ǻϣһ£ʲôҪǿ죬ͬģʱҲҪһС
úܺãȴֻߵһƫ
̫ؾ룬ܲƹˮǡοǵڻûѵˮ
ûˮķǡֳǳʲôʲôͷġ
ǹ̫ΪԼڲ֮أοҪҲְ
һһ߼
Ϊû취ƹˮǣŷ֣ûҪƹˮǡı̴ͨʱˮǵı
ҡ
Щص̴ɸ˻ˣǲˮǵĴٹǵˣǿԼĴԼˣֻҪǮĻͨ裡ǰˮǵĳ˰ʡˣʡ˺ܶûҪĹؿ֧
̫ɵˡ
Ȼˮǵİտʼˡ֮ǰͬȥͨܣֳܣΪ˵ֳǿȥ˾ܰ׳԰׺ȣȫǴŵģǰ⻰ţѾֳǳⶼǴҲû˵Ǳ߻ץˣгԺȣ·йǸɣСӡŮ˶Ҫɻܰѧ
ǰúȥѧͽҪѺ͸˼ңͺȥʦʶ֣ȫҶҪӣеĻҪծͳͳأ
һ˴ͷˣֳܿǵ˾͸ˡ
̫طֺ˽ճŶסܳȥˣǰ֧Ҳʼˣû취һһ֮ǵļҵˮǣڽռˮӣ˲ֳͣǡȥǮ׬ˣ˶ˣ취
ʲô취أֲҴ
̫ڼҿ˼죬檰οһͨ룬˰ɡǿţӭӽǡ
ǻǮģӵź;һˣ֪ʲôΪѵҪ
һȦ²ž֣κҲԿıѾе̫ˡ˾Ͳ̫ܿƣẈ̂ĵһЩѱıҲѶ
ˮ̫ǣʹűȥˡӹ˳ǷĿȥ̫µľȫ׷ˡ
׷Ž˵Եȣһˮˮľƺ㶼Ǻģ
СţѾǺչˣ˿̫ܵݲ䲻ûͣ£ô̫ؽʵ̫ˡ
ɹҲû˸˵Ϊȫǽϱ
仹һ£ͣ£̫˵м£иҪ㣬֪Ķɡ
̫غòͣˣ˵
ʣ߽ϵģǻӷǴ˶͵ȥˣһжˣЩ㶼Ҫ˵һ£Ȼɱ㡣
̫صһӱò԰׺Ѫɫ
صӪأ˸ڵ
˵Ѿ̫ˣȥɡ
˸ʩ˸ҾлʩԮ֣нвȥʾ׶ˡڷǻ˰ĹҵȴΪˮǵĹϵ׷ȥȥ飬ЩҲű֪ܵȥˡ뵽ˣͶǸ̫غ޵
˼ѾȥеĲϻŻ˶Ҫ˵ĵ
˸̫ϰߣɻǸԼϰˡ
ߺ󣬽˶ǿ
ǿģ轪ĶֳǼʲôȸŽܸļأ
УҲ
йУڸʹ¡
ȥģܾȣĶҪˡ
һʹߣһ档ûԼ¡
ȴ˺ܾˣߵԽԽ࣬õһֱ٣ʱαҪȱȱݡ
Ǿˡ
ʽʹֻȥġ֣ݺܺʡ˶֪ҵˣ೼ȻԴдģŵȴôǱߵˡʵҲǹǣۺϿ벻ǣǽþСˣһҲûεĻᡣȻڰ߷ˣҪڸĵطá
Ҫǣ湨ѧϰ˼Ѿûôƫˡ˵ڵ˼ģʽѾˡˡūķʽȥ˼ˣѾת䵽ʿһߡ
˵ʿˣʼʿ˵˼룬ǵķʽ˼⡣
ڣȥСֻɱһ취
ΪǰԼһǻ˹ߣֻһʽɱһַʽɱҲɱ˵ǻǴ졣
԰ɡЦŶ˵
һ˳Уѧܶණ


356 Ϊ
ʹ£ûܵκ˵ķԡҲû˵, ֻ֪ʿ˸ӡ
ʿ˸ԭū͵˵, ԳƵˣȿ, ԭǴҼϤ˵ġ
û˵, ֻܣһб, һбɽһֵ, ǼֵܱΪū, Ȼû˹ʹȳɺһ˻ھڶ
, ȻҲжֵܵ͡ĸĸΪվӻʲô¼УΪеǮ˲Űġµļҵٶ࣬ҲŲסɽաҸĸ㻵ˣֻǴûһջԲ, ò, 浽һ죬ҲûʲôıֶΣǴǮҲ費֮󣬾ͱҲա
ֵܱ͹ճȥ˵ʱ, ǵĸĸֺӶˣΪѰңլˣûһغӣҲ֪ȥ򣬵ȱֵܺò׻˼Ҳŷּ粻Լˣĸͷﶼ֪
ھùǼƶȻǺܷģΪǰֻǵĵǼǣȻ˼Ҳ൱һ˵ĹǡֵܵҲǸĨˣڶԶʶֵ˵ݣϾܳΪСֵ̹ܲס
ڻǼһЩҪԴġһ֮ģоġ
ıֵܾ㷢ˣ֮⣬һЩȥκȵصҲűĹ˵ƽʱᰲŸһЩͬĹ۲ǵԸԵȣҪʱǾͻó
ȷʵáԺȴûֱӴӦǶ˵ȥһ˾ʹߣоһڶѾԽԽˣҪֳǱˡ˳ĺôҲԣԭַ̬ȵĹҲʼˡ
˳ӿкܶ࣬ȾǵͼˡСλȨأƿЩͶƲСǰ̡ҴεСҲӿֳ຦Ⱥ֮˺ȡǮƣƭΪūȵȣһ㡣
ʱɱˡ
ͷѾкܾˣȴûиΪѧϰʱ򣬷һ£³ɱ١
˵ûɱ¡
ʿΪ٣ȥٹҡ
ǵģصľǲ˵ˣϻؼȥ࣬ϵҼꡢʮˡ
ɱ£һֻڴʱ򣬱糯󣬽Ԫλժ˼˵Դ󲿷ֵ˻̶ֻѡ
Ϊ׿ҵԴʱ̷ǻٳͳĶܳѰƤصģǧֵĲͷϷЩȣͷʴȵˡ
˵ΪЩѡɵСռļҲƣǵ˸ΪūȻҪЩ˵ԴһȰЩǮˣԲԴ򣬵ɱ
³һ£ߣΪðߣ
Ҳ˵ٵѹգٵĶԴ⣬ӡ
ԣһ顣Щ˲ΪѹձץΪץɱҲ
ǰһȥҹˣеְصСҲӶƵҡ
Ź㣬Ȼصں棺Щˣɱһ˰ɣ
ӹͷһ־ҡǲɢǧҵ׶ˣǸܹˣкôҲָҡԽҺݺݵķһʲơ
֪²Լһ˸ɣЩһˮҲŰȫǱҹĶһֵϻ治١
ɨһۣеļʮ˶ǲСģǲ࣬ɱҲϧЩֳһԶ˼ĲƸ
۲˰ɣָϵ֣Ц
ҲڳϣɬȱǮȱ۾ˣ֮ǰûʱʱˣȻոˡ
ʣ˭ȥ˵£ҪȰЩ˵д£Ȼץȡƣ˭ȿĿڣպ󶼻ᱻЩ˼Һ޵

£ˡãҸõ˲ʱˡҪѽҲ𿪣ǲǱ˴˵ѡܡֻǲ֪ôŽҵġ
˽ġұ˸ˡ
üʲô˸ģ
Ǹʲô˭ģңֲ㡣ѵ㻹ң
Ҳɵࡣ٣ûңԼͲ֪ܸɳʲôˡûң̼ҡƼҡЦѵҾҲ˰ˣ
⵹ᡣʵԴӽʷ֮кܶ˶ҵͶЧôһ룬ҲòǷҲɡ
˵ˣҿɻء˵ͺܶһ͵͵׬Ǯţ֪׬˶١ʣˣûУ
ҵȻ˽һˮ
˼һ£̽ŵͷø߽ӦûϵԼҲܰǮ
Ȼû˳٣
Ҳû١ЩԵãһׯ԰ٸˣһЩһЩκͷҸһЩ
ţôô㣿˵һҶ˼ǧˣͷģһֵø࣬ż٣ƭҵİɣ
ɫͱˣûƭң
˸ۣû˵ƭҰɣֲҪһῴǼٸҪж٣㣬ôƭҰ
˻𣬾Ҫ˰ѽϳȥò׽һˣͲôЩôôϾôߣǧټƵĺ˵ԸҪǮ˺ܾãǿָˣҲǱ˺˵ķϣҲˡڻ𣿡
ƭңôžףȺˣߺ޵
֪ûƭ㻹ףʱҲȥˣҪȥץˣʱҲȥܴѳٺö
һҪɱȥȥʷ򣬸ȥǣԭ˭ȥ
һ֧գ֪Ǵߵˣ˻ر࣬ļǵס
յߣ˵ãһѣöȥкõĶһ룡
ģ棿
ôƭ㣡ؿ˵
ͷҡҡλεվȥҴ˵
æߵ⣬˼ݳֱȥ˽Ǳߣһ󣬽ԸԳ
ͶǿصֳǺййǰȴ˺ܶйǰ޺ŵˣִһһȺȺģŮ׶Уһһҵġ
ôˣ
쿴ǽ󽫾
󽫾ˣ
󽪴󽫾ȥ
ԣȥҪ潪ʷף
Ǽҡ
һʱȺ鼤ܡ
ǰǴģǰ˿죬æȥͨܿ˳ӭӣ䣬һҾȥɣѾüˣ˵쵽ˣһֱء
йĿ޺ѾңԶˣˣЩô£
ЦҲûʲôʷץһЩдˣЩ˵ļ˾Ҵˣпռǣÿ춼Ҫæء
ץˣ
Ƚǰ
ûбҪҲΪ˶һ£ѧϰ㶫
ԣԴЩ˼յܶܲ˽ңԺ㻹Ҫ纣£ȰȥڰǰЩСȫɱˡ
ȷѹɱΪʾˡ
ȻҿЩСǵ
ϸ˼ţǰţ֪䰵ˡ
ˡ
˵һЩκǮһЩ֣Ǯôðɡʲô
˵˺һһȥ֣
˵Ҫ˺ͷֲýˣȫ԰ȥ
³ı֣ǴǿģԱȥģǵڶߣ˭Ҳ֪İߡ
ˣҲɱ˵
ǵˣԿɱ֮
ͷԾĥһУҶҪǿȻһǿ顣ͻȥˡ֣ĻҲỳˡ
ֻΪ³ٵ⣬Ϊ֣ѾǿûǻˮŲᱻ˷֡
£㲻س档ȥͿˡ˵
仹ԼأԥҲȥ᲻⣿
Ҫڳ㷢֣ԺҪ̣ѵ㻹ÿһ֧Դӣ
˵еֻܴӦˣﵹǺܿõϵˡóῴһֵֵΡ
ͻȻһ£˵ˣ˸ڼ飬һٵĽ
ҼˣԸô
ɫ̰ơ̰ƭˡ˺ܺʳΪڼ飬סڰϵıˣĻᣬƽʱȴʼۣʱ˶ΪҪˣԼҲô롣
ȷʵǸڼ顣
˶ѡܺʣЩȣϲĳɳԽԽˡ


357 ̳
ֳߣһ·
Ӻ͸ҵ, ˮ, תߡ
;ʮСǳ֮󣬲Żᵽ
ǰ߹·, ·, Ǻѧ˴ҹб, ƵҲһҰͻ·
ʱߵ·ǰҲ·ˡ
ΪڻҰ֮, ֻҪ̶ߣͲߴ
û뵽ô̶ӡ
ԴǴ̳ǻصֳǺѾкüˣڱʲôˣ
ϻ
, ѵһ˿⡣ӡôûлȥǣúΡ
Ұ֮Ѿĳ߳һĴ··ݲ, ·Ҳ洦ɼӪĺۼ
һЩƽ̹ĿҰϣѾԷγ˼ԴӪأͣ, 鱨, ʲôΣĳĳϲʲôȵȡ
Ҳǰˣûг棬һֱڳ±ϳǱֵ, һֵܵʮֹá
֣ȵˮɡϳһպõˮ
ӹҴ𣿡
ҡҡͷĬһ˵֪ΪҺá
ҴСǳ󣬵Ȼܿȥ˵ǵĸ֮ûˣԣҲȥ˹ġ
סصĿ
֪ԼѾ̣ڴֿѾ˹ûа취̼ģձ͵ժ¥ʱ򣬿ݿݵģ˭ΪһѾ˵Ӥĸº̲Żڳôãĵܵܣôܲأ
̫һҺֱˡ˵ͬа·㲻һԼλã㲻ٻص̫ȥ
͵̧ͷᣬ֣ôԣ̫ӾûбѹѴ
ģҺ̫һѧϰô᲻֪̫ӵԸ񣿡ΪŻֽᷢ⡣̫ӵȥ۰񣬽ϻذ֮ܿ͵ˣ͹ڸԣ̫ӵͬ͹ذ̫Ӹ֮ܵȻȻĸ
̫ӵĹ۵ƫĵģһ̫Ӳ̫Ӿͻ̳Ĺ۵㣬ͻ̫ӵδ
Ϊ̫ӺãҲҪĹ˵ĲԶҪټ̫ˡ
̳ǵԭɳڼΪƫԶĵطأΧû̡
ߵ̳ǸʱȴΧ˺ܶأźȺͻƶһȥǡ
ǰߣܿڻĵϸʵĲֿ⣬Ķߴβֿһţ״С
һֱſڻܿĲֿ⡣
⹫Ѿȵʱˣڳǣ߷ǵ˵ⷽԲʮﶼǴССг˾ۼĻＯᣬ˷
˵ǼǣģڴĻֻһЩֳǵĳ¡
ǼǵĳŹٲ鿴ʵ¼°ֻ˵𣿶ǳ׵ģм룿
ֵһһ
ŹʣԺȥ
ȥú
Źټµ¿ɲ
ڴ˴·ٷЩȥҲõİ취һλٳȥ
Źٵͷһӹϣˣȥɡ
˳Źһأܿˡǰ涵
ֵܾܶˣ˸ųֱȥ
յĹȻǹֻǸеѾǵʱˡ
Ī̳ǵȻ̳ڹģͲһسˣӴֿǣ̳ƵţֻΪأǳǡ
أְ٣¹ϵҲ򵥣µ񻹶ԭλϡ
ĪӵæӸӳĽͽͻȻȳ
첽ΰݡ
æĪԣҪǣҶ𣿡
ĪԵ˲ӿдЦǡ޲Źһǣ
ЦҲһֱ˼ǡ
չϰЩ˴ߣǵΪǵķԡֳǾȶˣ֮ǰ͸߹ĪѾͨˣǾͿǻˡ
ֳǣйڣǿڽ£ˣҲ
Ͷʹ̨֣̽ףְѶǿ
ƽͺáһ·࣬ȥɡ
ǿǴˣ磬˵֣ǰǵ⣬Ѿߵʿ˵ˣҲܿȥ
֣ﻢˡЦѳһ롣
˵Ҳ֣ôԹԾͷΪӣҲһµġ
СӦڴ˴ǲС𣿡
ôšǱܿһͺˡ
Ը˵ʲôأ¸еĵǱ˵Ŀڡ
ҪĶһһ֣
κʱ򣬷ڴߵ˹עģȤţױ˽ֵ
֣Ȼ֣ǿڵ˵ĻȻܿͽ֪ˣ֣Ҳȱ֮ˣ˵³Ŀʳʼ֣׻Ͷʳ³
ûΪ֣᲻
ô᲻أ֣հŮ޸³ǽõʱ³ѣ֣ȻҪ³
³ʹڵǲǿû⡣Ҿʹˣ֣Ҳÿʹڡ
ûϣ֣Ϊ³Ͻ
֣Ҳ³Ϣδйĺ
ǴҶ֪ˣ³ȥ걻ȨƣֱΧǣ̫ʴȲϰߣʳԿˡ
ԣ³żʳ
֣˹Ц
˵³Ͳ
˵Ǹء
ֲΪȴִ¡
˵³ﶼԲƼݣйŮݵ߲·ȵȡ
ԽԽףԽԽţ³ȱôôӿ֣أôôأ
֣˶ԣȰ裺δá
Ϊ֮ǰΪʲô򲻵ʳΪʲôۻͻȻߣȻǴ죬괺Ҳû°
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬰ȴ֪顣
Է׷ףȴš˵
֪ˣ³ûˣԲŻ³˵֣һʱ֮䣬֣ʳˡ
һˣǾҲŶӣҲܽˡ
֣û뵽»ôԥһʣǾȥ
˵ͷȥղ̸عġ
ðɣֻ֣ýˣֻǶ³£ﲻʹ죬ʱҪѽϵлٸˡ
ڸ³ġ񡱣ҪȥҲû˵ǽͻͣʮģҲ١
֣ǴҪˡ
ȴôһ⣺³˵ǵ֮˭֪ǵصʳǶأ
³ߵʿӺֳǵİҲ˼⡣
Ǵ⣺λ֪һÿ˳ȥʳж١
ÿÿʳǶ٣һ֮УеһʳǶ٣
է֮ºܼ򵥣
С˳Եͬ˳ԵҲͬοڳ̵СޣǳԵĲʳ
ǣֳǰֿʼϻŮһˡ
СڼԷʱŸеĴ룬ٿĸеС룬Աߵ游ĸȴϡࡣ
ʣһʳ룿֪ڽľǴ֣⣬شӣ㸸ʱʳ룬ʳ롣
ĸ׵ϻٳһӱ
С㸸׵ģԼģֻһ룬ʱһ룬ȴֻи׵һ롣
ĸЦ԰Լɰˡ
СӲͬ⣬ֵʳͱ׻󣡡ͬһһСУһܳԣܽ;͸дһˡ
ĸ׵ĻʮˣҲֻһա
Сҡͷô㣡
ĸ׻˵ЦԼɡС˵ҪԼ𰸣ȥйߴ𣿡
С˷ܵĵͷ˵ˣ˾ȥ
ҲʿʻڲӣԷǾͲɣ
ЦԣΪˡ⼸£ҳԵĿɱö࣡
ʿȻȷʵ˰Сѵĸ׵ʳҪӱ
ǻǸСʿ૵һ߼ųȥˡ
˵ҡͷҪʳСûʳȻ㣡



358 ֣
ֳĶĸг, ĸгû, ҲûǶΧгĿյ, ۿһ̡
ʮ˱, Ѻڵء
Χȵľ, ֽдЩ˵䡢, ԼС
ǵдͬС죬ǿռơǿŮƭΪūȡǴǡ, 񼫣ڴˣͷʾڡ
ÿгﶼôʮ˱ſͷ, ˵ڳȦﻹкܶ˵űͷ
ֳôãûпͷľء˵ʴȣϲɱ, Դλ, ܷ˶ĹҲ͵ɽȥꡣû뵽ξȻһɱһٶˣ
㹻ֳǵ˵ˡ
סڶ˸ӡͷЩˣǰͷ졣ŴǵʳǼҵʲôʱȥϹŮʲôʱȥ֯·, Сܲȥѧ֡һ仰Χھһ۸ǣǴˮʯͷƼݶ۸еСӡ
ЩǮǲҲöˣҲֻɻŮòҹģ̻̲ա
ôأΪܻȥֻܵͷס
οĹû£˾ͻᱻ۸
ֻһһԼŬ̵һҪϽһҪһҪѧɺ
ǣͻȻ֮䣬ЩͻȻץˣȻһǰΪ۸ˣҪǵԴ
ǲ˵Ժ󶼲ᱻ۸ˣ
㱻۸Ҳ
ʱ̣̹ٺһʱ
ȺǰСӱ׶ڼϣܿø㡣
ͷǽģɱ˵ĺ֣ٲǰϹЩ˷׷ǵ˺ң²˵еᣬƴͷģҲеһѣŬվ뷴е񳤳ڵߡ
Ƕӵõ
䣡
Щתۼͱһ⣬һԴϣѪ˵档
Ⱥ循һԾĶʼˣó˺ôһƬյء
Ȼ̨ϵļ̹һ߾鿴һͷһ䣺·ͷأ
ɽͷأ
ͷأ

һЩʬͷ𣬷У̧ҰӵҰʳ
ãȺУһź͸ͻȻһ󺰣ͻȻӿӢΪ
ӢΪ
ɽХȳϯ
Ǹһܵɱ˵ĵطһѱѪȾЦȻſˣȻڵϴ磡ɩϿĿˣ
һޣΧ۵˶һҲܹѧӣȹӶѪȾȻҰصЩһʯǰڴԾˡ
ſ죬˽һʮͷ󣬶ˡˣҲηηš
йУرЦܹüɣ
˵Сˣһٺ󣬰ڿɱǡ
ţĻôꣿ̰ɱģܱʮ̫ƽҾˡʮҸɱһ֣ٱʮꡣ
ҡͷĪҪС˰աǰֻǲ֪ЩǿɱģйͷԺվͿԼԼˡ
տʼ̫ڶ˵иϽµİոɱˣһʣԭҲ˻£ֻû©֮㡣
ǰ޼ɣЩ˸ձͷͱڼſڸɱˡ
ãйϽȨĸĴ˵ºֱɱ˵İˬĶýںֲ
ǵɱУûҪͷġ
ЦΪʿҲ٣ǸٴҲڴʱ
ֿʼ᲻ûҡӦɷжֻƾһ߾ܶ
㾪ȵĿȥԴд˰Ϊ³Դر
ϡ
ͷԼǣȷʵɴ⣬ԶһԾøá
һʮͷأҵҲˡ
˶Ӧǵˡʣµľǽˡ
׽꣬ƺǮܲһ
Ǯǽʷ˿ɲ񽪴󽫾ôֱ˭֪ͷռ˶ٺô
ʷҲ֮ǰĽǽĸۡۡġ
⹷ǲҸ嵱ģ̬ȫޣͷɢĳ嵽бŽĵŮӣץ𰸼ϵ¯ͳŮȥ
æ㣬ȴǱҵ˼ͷ
ʸǰһѽڵϡ
ǸŮӣֵùһƣúȥˤڵء
ϵʱϵˣڵأŽǶϵýãϾΪ
Ҵ㣡ҸƴˣһСŮӰγͷϽξ򽪱
ƽջϲŮּղǺŭ֣ǶϰҲûУסŮһ½ҲŭһߣǰϣҺȶ˾ƣðˣ˲Ҫҵһ˵һİϷϡ
ϱͷΣʱװˣʾǸСŮӿڡ
СŮӾʽΪνҼ嶼ץ
纣ǣɫһ䣬ǴҵʲôƽնǵˡҵɵӿѵҪҶǺòɣ
СŮףǼʱ㵱ɵӿˣȻýȷʵɵ纣˵ɵɵȴñռֱˣҸһֱҳԿ
ߵռ˶ıˣ˶ټū͸Ҷ٣Լ˶٣⻹˵Ǻ޲ȥѵ᲻֪
Խ˵Խ˦ˣ֮ǰһ䣺ȥ飡ʵǮɣ
СŮӻûסֻˡ
ᣬ֣סǵ˵ǸǣǱһǺڼ޸
Ҳûа취˱һޣǶԽ޲ߡ
ʱһŮͻȻ˵ҪҪȥˣ
һĨᣬһŮҴ֮һǵʲô֡
˵ʲô֣˵ȥ˭
Ůؽס񣬹ǰС˵ˣҽа~˵ȥʲô¶ܰɡ򲻿ǣβؽȥأ
йյ
أǺˣȥץģǮġֻҪ󡰴Ҫ߳ɣҪɡ
ûûˮ
϶ԼˮǲЩ˼եǮģ٣Ŷ١
̰ѾˡʩʣѾϰ߾եȡôظκδۡ
ǰ貹ȫҶץˣûҰһǧָ
Ȼ͡ġֵסе飬ܹλҪԽһ㣬ҲΪýܸõΪ
һ蹷Ҫбӣǰ⣬Թ¡
ѹ˼ңҲѰ䶼ǵĿꡣ
һյһʼԼһ̰Ƶ̫ˣһǮ˶ģծˡ
̰ǮȥǺ̳ǣ֣ú
֣ۻǲߣΪ֣ڶûκǮ¡
֪ǲ֣̫ٶˣ
ٲ֣ȥ֣ѡˡɵӶû֣֣Ѿ̫
֣ң̨ϣ֣Ŀǰɳǵʱˡ
ΪҲҪԲʳˡ
ѵˣѵûд
˾Ц˵вԵĸҳԵĶһ
֣ʣǹ³ԵûˣǴҳԵûˣ
˾ͷǴԵģûˡ


359 κ
֣ϲݳޣ, , Լλһֱҵҵ˾ְء, ҲǸ, Լϲ, ңΪϲòԽ, Ӧġ
ô˵ȻȻľˡ
֣ŭϢܿ챻е˳ȥ, һ죬ڵҶ֪ˡ
ζŭʡ
ߺĳžͽӹԼҼ֮λ, ףеҡͷֻ֪˵֣ŭȴ˵Ϊʲôֻ˵֣ϲ˶ȥɱˡ
û, ο岻, ڹоͳϹӡӣ²ܹ㡣
ŵŵ
̾Ҫ
һգ֣ŭ𲻽˵ŵ˱ϳȥɱˡ
ǲ²⣬Ǻŭ֣
ܷѾصɽȥס, ǿߺ͸ˡڹ֣ŭ£Ȼ֪֪̽顣
ܷǵҲڹô֪ȥʴš
̾صĶ˽ԲڲడȻǺαôѾأ
ܷǾָ֪ǱϳȥĴСԼ֣ϲĺαءЦβǻֻһҲʡڴż
˻ȥһº󣬵⻹֣ûʮգȻܵǰȥ֣һֱôȥѱеʲô˲ᱻ֣нȥ֮ܳ
Сںδû֪αҵ˵һ˵
ǻʲôһ˼æ˵ٷ£ѵû𣿡
αյź󣬿һ飬СŵݸҲһ
Ѿס˿ˣѾ˵嵽˭˭СܳţαҲӦϵЩ۽΢ıߵСҡС壬ԳƲڸС顣˵ĸ鵹һձһոرС֣ʧ֮󣬺αشЦϹˡ
ɡαһ裬ŭе˶ŵˡ
αزݲݿһ飬Сȴϸϸ缢ƿʵĿŷ¡
αи̾СĲͬȻȨƣȨƣȴԼСȴȫĵİĽȨƣͬ׷еһ
αûе٩͵û˵֪Ϊηŭ
СҲ벻ԼխСĵطö
ŷ£̾Ȼȴһš
ּʱڴʡ
кα˵Ͳסʮ꣬С챻طˣٹȥ˵ڰɱߡ
αعƬ̾Ǵ޲̼ҡҡͷС˵ֻǿҪίСˡ
СˣǺαشȥ֮ãһίʲô
ڶգαؾѺ˷ΪɣĴС̤ȥ·
һ·߹ȥ·ĳ޲̶ͣжǸֹе̡ȴͳͳл͡
쵽֣ʱαͣˣվڻҰϣǰ涼̶ӾЩ̶ӴŵΨһĻʳ
ˡαվסС֣̾ң֣ãȻ֪
СҲһͬαأھҪ˸£ǲȥ˵˭ȥ
αسĬһ֪Ժܾ֣ȻֵһԡǶ֪Ҫ˵֣ǵĻһѹأοҪ֣óˮǺαغС֪¡
СҲδؾ͵ز
αЦСûпһ·ǣСǣû⣿໴ˡȴֻҪʳüǮ
ǰǲǮѾǵһǾ޷ܵļ۸ˡôԷ
СҲ޻˵ˡ;ĳҲûһ꿪ţЩŵ꣬˳Եʳļ۸ͳͳǵ𣬰ֻȥţԵĶʱɨƤһЩûмɾĹףҲǮǶֶ
ⶼǾֻҰ˳ˡЦǣ·һׯڵϸ˵ʳǣǼµļҪҪＦϼۣ˼ﶼû취Ѽ͵ﻻǮǣҲûͷһЩΡ׻ԡ
ϸ˵ʱһ޼ʵӭ緺ˡ
֣ŵأȴԲʳαС𣿡
СǺܿϸ˵ЩزڰգӵǵҡЩնҵũ˼ֵأʳȻҲǵġ
ʱеĵֲм档
αزǰߣСֻҹȰǻպ󣬺αͻȻԣֻ³ҪôҪôࣿ
ѾмˣԽԽ࣬³ѵһɽ
Сǿȥαشϲҵ˵֣İ취ˣ
·ӱޣڶ֮ǰصɳǡαҶûأֱ˰ѳϵң̨
糾͵³Թ˵α
ң̨ϣĻ̡̻
֣ƢԽԽ粻ˡŮǵȻҲ͸Ӻ¡
֣˵αʱˡֻǵαûͷϴ·ȫǳʱǳһ̲סӭôţ
αغô֣˵ôȤӿŲ֣£̧ͷһ䣺мˣ
֣ɫһ䣬Ѹ£ַαأѾ˰˳ɣϸϸ
αؾͽ·ϸ˵֣֣ûʳߣضԲ⣬ʣںδ
α֪֣Ѱǵ·ϣ۾һֱңֻҪ˵ҵıС
һ룬³жҪʳ˵³жǮΪεʱѹʳأ
֣׺α˵ʲôˣ˵³ȱǹ˵
αؾԼʲôۣҡͷĳԡ
֣ѾŲˡҲȥ³ֻ̽ǵ˻ʱѾ³Χˣûмǡ
ʱǸðЩ˽ˡ
һ˴ҴҶǵʱȥ³ġ֣̽ʣ޲Խпࡣ
Ǵ³ʱ;³ȱ£м١ʱ֣ʹǶΪ³ȱֻһˣҲҶʣ֣ô룬ôҶ֣˵أԾͰѴ
֣Ȼˡ
ԥһƳһ𻰡
³ǱΧǣǡ
֣̾ҪЩƭȥɱˣαæŭЩȥպټƽҲ٣
³ǣαҲܳԾҪ£̫󵨣Ҳ̫ˡ
Ǵĺôԣ˶࣬˰˾Ͷ࣬˾Ͷ࣬˵䲻ģҪ׳ǱΧˣܴӳץʿһ˶ڣԳ
ҲԣЩܻܲȥܲ룿ذջ᲻ᷴԵȵȡⶼ⡣һһǵƢһһǵ塣صǨķ룬ʱٷͻ͸ôͷʹˡ
ûдäĿǡҲóȻصİǨ
³̫̫󵨶ҪҪǣ³ʲôأ
Ҫ֪ʲôݺ£֣òᣬվ﷢Χαظװǻŵģ¾òˡ
֣кܶ໳ɵĶǾ֣ļҡټҽ㣬˵һǲʲôڵߵʳδأ
αضúԶڶվ˵ΪİС£ԴһˣΪ֪ϢʵڷĲ´ƣڼȻѾ֪ˣʹС뿪
֣жòУˡ
СߣԼһȣˡαûϵôݣֻҲһ£֣ƽϢһٽһ
С˴ɷ򡣡αһЦţһԸС˻ҩ
СʣˣɲʲôûУ
αصҲʾһйܲһټйô֣ܲʾĳ⣬ôڽҷĳҾͱʮҡʮң֣쳳òɿڼȴûиۡ
˰˵ȴܺò飬һ֧ˣѺ̶ߣס
Щ̶ӻȥ³ġȴǶȥֳǣ൱һֱȥ̳ǣֳֻǸ˸תֱˡ
αصͷȷʵ⡣³ȱ˽³֣
˭أ
Ҳܿ˴𰸡
ðκǮ
֣ˣκȱ
أκôأκôȱʳأ
֣תԽͽһˣԸȥκ̽
ǡǲܷǡ
ܷĿɿڴڼ֣ʱȷʵ̹κˣû뵽֣Ȼͽκȥ̽
ܿˡ֣ǹ̽ġˣ֣֣κļˡϻôһ֣֮˵Ҳһϸ
֣Ը빫ͬ
ܷĵ֪κ˺ԹԸΪκѣԸκǰǣȰ
֣ȴ֪κˣ̽κϱκŻ
ԣȽԸΪѡ
ܷǹȻô˵ĳһ˰ɡ
ȥʹô֣鵽󣬲κ
ǲǱ


360 ֽ
й⳵ˮ˳ǰͶƶʿ, Ҳн׳ʿ, Ůżе, ֵܼ, ϣż
Ӣ, ֣䱦ϵ, и
˵йкܶŮתתȥΪʱһͷǡٵġȥһνʱӢˡ
ͲյĴˡЦ
⻰, һǱţŹȥˡ
ڹ͹ⲵǷֵ˴Ĺݡ˵, ȻáȻͬգȴͬģص°ӡ
к깨ϵ֧֣ȴ, Ҷֳһ̯˵, ɱȹϤˡⲱƵãò˺ֵܶ¡
罪ץЩˣ˿źҽˣǰ潪βθǹ, ȫȥǡȰǣǹԹǮºҽ
֪ѾⲺڵñ˼ǧˣǧָʱ򣬽ͿԳԡ̼Ӻ㡱ΪɣôеĲܰ˱
ȨȨƣȴҲΪʸ֮ģֻܾнŻΪµһĹıߣҲԶİȨ
ҺãұԼɵˡ
ҵǰ֮Ҳ뵱ڶңѽι֮󣬱һ
ûɵӡ֮󣬽Ϊ׵Ĺ¼ҹˡ
й½һ򳡣ר
ǻûпǱߴĺ
û뵽ɣЦ
ųӸߴ¿ֻܿΧˣ򳡴һȦڶˣŮӺкӸħǵĸĸ岮ƺҲԱǳȤųָָ㡣
Ҳȷʵ÷ǳ֡
ĿǰΪֹٴϸ˲١ϵ˸Ӷʮ߼һˣȫһΪĻսֹȷ˾ְеݵ˼
Ҳ˵ԭ֮һ
ЩԱˣһĸߴճڣ̼ȣܵģ͵ֵֿĶƣصǣõ󲢲ţǽӵĶӳš
ŵĵȻǽһŵһĵ꣬жʮ꣬ǵնΣڽλĴ˿һӵĶϼҵҲǽ֧ߡ
˵ļҷǷıߴǾıߵǳʶʵ
㶼޹ǼңԽܣëëһһӣͰһְλˡ
ëëҲأﾳʵëë֣ԽΪһͷƯͷеġëͷģëֵӣ˵һͷͷ
վ￴ܿëëͬѧԴһ٣˵û֪ж೤ˡ
һ⿪ͷˡ
⣬򳡵ĻƽϯλרΪͽ׼ġ򳡵£ϵ˾ͷˣҲˣ˳ܹ򳡵ˣһǰ£㣡Ӯ㿴
ĵӱˣҲˡ
Цã
¿ʼϴøѪˡ
Ͼִ֮ǰ˱̧ȥȶϸ첲õͷ˵۶ģˣʲôɱԹģ
һֱм䣬ʮоܣס֣һš
򷨺޹ƽԣʱĴģǶԵģǵòԹԣޱȡޱȡӢޱȡ
Ȼ£Ҳӣƴο򳡴ףⳡȥĴϾǹصġأҲһϲͨȭҲǸܿעܿģûüʱҲ򣬰˴͵һҵԼҵܸϽȥҲһ䲻ӡ
˵ǵĻһţýǰδе˧Ҳ֣ЩŮΪʲôˡ
οᣬҲǴȨƵļӳ£ջһĲǺ
һ̫Ӻڣ
򣬽ʱʱ
ǽ̨Ͳ֡
˵ڶɡ
̫ҲһӡֵģΪѻ
Լǡ
ϻҪۣǽһճ̰šȻ³ˣϵ۴ᣬֻҪ֤ԼƤҪϵһˣϣ˳Ӯ򳳵ûؼʱͿԽˡ
һ֣ͶʳڶͶûп֮š
ԽԽоûнǸͶ࣡
Ǿˡ
ҲһЩ˵ֱѡһЩ͵ȥɱһʮˡ
䡢塢ϧ˶ѡΪСΡ
ͻȻѡҪȥ٣Щ˶û뵽رϧΪһʱʯǻصֳǺѾ˼ˣûмǣûи˵һλҲֻڴԶԶĿѣԵʱƺҲûд򶯴
ȴѡˡⲻܲǼ
˵ûǣ
ȣʯڵĲʮˣеľ˼磬ɢգ׳־ĥˡеûѶ
ֻʣˡ
ϧ˵Ҫѹǻǵһ̳ȥһǱ
˭ǵõʯͱˡ
ϧϧźɫĹۣһܹǵڴ
ͷе䵣ģֻһӬͷ٣ȥ𣿡
Դӿһʮ˺ʢȣͷĵطǻͷӬ֪ʲôʱЩСͱ˸ӬͷٵĻţ˼˵³
ȻİնǺ⡣Ҳܹա
ҪһӵĺùٵġԪǣ᲻мӬͷ١ٹܵĶһЩëƤС£ʵûʲôɳƵĵط
ϧҲ˵׼ôѡûӵܴǹٵġǹܲ˱ˣôѡֻԼ
仹Щ̫ȥԸÿȥǰվһվҵۣǺôЩӬͷ٣ȥЩ١ʵЩˡ
ֺԥΪǵ½ֻ֮֮ȥˣǰҲΪ֮ǰܹڴһϯ֮أȻҲκ֧֡ȻԺȴãˣЩ֮ûб֧ԮˡҪǮҸҪԸҲһҪΪܻȡЩô
ٱְСȥ˴ô죿
ȥˣʧȥڴߵĻᣬʱˣô죿
ǰ˼룬ջǾȥȻؽͨߵˣһô
￴Ƴֽ
ǻġ
˵ֽ̫࣬İ취һֽӣѹʵֽĶֽˣ˵ܺãȻܾˣȷʵˡӦ㷺Ĺֽ
йУľ빵ʹԽԽˣȡֽ֮빣ǹƳֽ塣
Ȼֽ빲ױ棬ˮ׻ëҲ챻ǹˣдֵֽˢ׽ˢͣɹϲˣرˢ͵ģΪͨƣƳ͸ңڹԼУѾаѲߡȼˣΪۡȻûйеĻÿ취ȻֻйŻʹá
ˣ̣һ㲻ŵζôǡضľ콨Ŵذ壬ľ齡ľƷĵطǶôҪİȫʩ
ǿ֮£ζ滻йĻ棬ʹҲⷿ


361 
³Ļƶˡ
ֳԭĻҰϣȴһѶɫĶ, ϼԶ, һСɽߵĶԡ
ʣµҲû˷ѣǴ౻ɹٽһ, ͻΪɿڵС, ˳ԲĲ, ιţ
ĻƶûжƳɶδɹ˽ɽ͡
Ŀǰ, һʱ֮䣬˺ܶըС̯е̽, ʳָ󶯣ٰʡ¼￪ĹʡЩ, ͻᵽ̯λЩըؼңһٷ
ǹժƲأǿ壬С˴, ˳˳١
ƶҲԷѿ, һˡ
ֳʳԽ˼˵Ķӣⰲοһֱ̻̲ģǵĵһ䵽ʵ
, ҲִŵǵĶˡ
ûǵ˰ֻǵ˳֮󣬱ͷµʳֻвʮСС
صǣΪŮȻҲһʳֻûС
˲֮ڿڡ˵ˣҲ̱ھֹû˰ûͷ˰׸ʳŭһжջô죿
ٲصŮˣۿѾ쵽ˣҼһֵؽﶼʳǰ˲١
Ҳһ
ֳˣԲĿȥڻƶгǺܺõģһֱչûƶļ۸ΪľðһǮҲԶģţֵһǰ;ְҵ
ңڲôˡ
֪֣ʳȻֻǿƽѣ˵֣ʳˣôֳֻǵˣϽǱߵıҲֻʮ˶ѣҲֵֻ֣ǣ˵Ѿտ֣ʮĸǵʳʮĸ̶ˣҪֻȥĵط
ǲɱĿʼֶΣκʩչһεİ취֣Ҳ編ơͨףûϢȴЦԷǡ
Ϊ֣ǵ֣˵֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ʳ֣ģеֱӾǴ㲻ڣҲͨʲôˡĿеΪ˽ѾһҪٶ˵ˡ
֪ºΪʲôʮĸǵʳȴֻιʮˡΪ˵ǳǿ⣬Լֻİ
ҵĿˣСĿԽԽˡ
Ͷˡ
Ȼ벻ͨ
ɲˣֻŮ˺С˲ٸ
ʳֻŮ˺Сʳʱ˵˲Ͷҵʱʳֺ˳ԽŮ˺ͺӣΪ˱סͶԶ׼ġ
ǾͲᶪŮӤҲŮˡΪһʳǻŮһ·˵
û뵽ôԭԽúܿ죬ôԭ򣬡ڵŮ̫𣿡
ΡսҡлѾŮԵӰˣֻмлһֲƲļ廹ŮԣʣµĶǮҲõŮ˺ˡ
ѿһУǵһλûɵСǵڶλŮǵλȫģҲλʳ˵ģеļὡ׳ˣᱣвƲȵٽµļͥѼȥ
ųΪĵ¸УʵǺЧʵġ
ⲻҪģҪڰнµ¡
ǮܶණھʳǮŮһλ
ûٶ˵ʲôȻŮ˵ٲûʲôϵΪŮ˿ĺӣһŮˣһпʮĺӡԾ٣Ҳھ޷ܣ³ֳܴΧûŮˣĵطУ˵صһСʧⲻӰʲô
ù˾ġΪû˵ʲôʱͲŮ˺Сʳˡ
Ѿάֶˣ֮ǰʳΪǶԴģάϵǶԴԽϵİ⵱ȻԶģֻʱ仨ѵǮ֪Զôȥô͸һ䣬̲סҡ
ֻŮ˺ͺʳΪʲôء
ҲǸŮˣʲôأ
ҪʼµǼˡ˵˿ڵ顣峤æµôμ򵥺ֻܶ࣬ҪǰǼǵһζԱȣиıĲҪǼǣĳȥ˳һˡ
һߵǼǣһͳơܿ췢ͳŮӤӤ࣬мŮӤûӤ
㣺һðϡӤŮӤΪһݿΪӤʮûʳˣŮӤʮܼʳ
ʮıˣŮʳˣٸĻˡ
ǿ϶ġ˶ġ
⻹㣬ȥΪ֣˵йĹŮҲкܶ˻Ǯɴ಻ǮʹһɤӵйǰҪӡŮáĸ׸ȥ
ˣ˵ȥϡ
йеĹŮ͹Ǵˣ仰˵ڽϵĲƲɵЩٸҪȥ
æסȰҪ
ɿǲᣬҡ۸ϰΪ۸ܲˣΪǴ治
ֻ÷ȥȰ
Ҳòô๬Ů
ԵôȰ
ûʲôҶûҲҪˡ
ƽϵ𣿡ʱ߲ܣŮӶʱ͸þòˡֻǺ˸˻ɣڳǸôΪĿġ
һûôЦһЦȷʵϣΪô죬У״̬ʱСϣܽӻع͹ŮûзҲ㿪ŹŮ͹ǲڹпպ£޸ҲãбĴҲãֻҪмǣԻؼҡ
֮ϲ
û뵽ֻһͷô֮һ֣ȷʵ
ˣֳǳʱͿĸ˱ţΧΧ۵˶ڸ̾
̫ˡ
ȻİЩŮ˶Żؼˡ
˵ǰѹеﶼء
ʰ³
ֹأеĲڹеַ֯·𣿿ʼ˵ĳû취·Ǯ˵·ҲԻؼҶСҡͷ붼벻ǡǽϿϰƹҲ˵Сÿ춼ܻؼң⻹ô
ô˵İ
֣˶ʵĳ̽ͬԼҵĺӡ
ʼδ
ûнϴܰϲ
ǵСʱֳ˵ĽϽ࣬Ҳǳ֣֮֮ǸǼܰǶĵ۰ڵϴƣ
ĽյĽ


362 ԰
ûޣһҪ˵, ҲԼȵ˽, ˭ͷǸǴأȻѾˣֻܰѽ, ܱסԼҰ
֣סԼ, ԼҲ뿪֣, 뿪ǻ޴, ֪Լҵĵϸ֮ܽǵĵط֣࣬õһ
ˣŲò˳֣Ҳûһص³͸ϲ, Ҫȿ
ֹܲۡ
ھ³ģʱܱȡλǸ³˶꣬Ҳǳʼûܵõ³ĵԭ, ͬҲΪԼҡҵȨ˻
ǴӽԪ𣬽ϵˡȻҲһ࣬õһǽԪûһݸõĹԪӣһǴ, һ̫, Ҳ˵취ȥĻǽԪѪԽ˵ʧ
ȥ빥, ǽϵ۵㡣
䣬Ϊӣӵأǣһγǣһͭǣһǡ³Ž䣬°빦
˽խ̰ȨĿǳܹĶնԴʹҲ潪һЩ鷳
ժǹˡṴ̊ȨɫƶʣƺֵһϸȴûŵľһչӱǿУ˵Ķǰ׹ӵòе£նԴµϷʶŮ׷£ֵ
һȦýϵ֣йдķӦ
ܿ죬ͽĳš
˵䣬ײкݶɱ飬пѪͷİҹ˵ֹСҹ䣻
˵̣Ȩƣΰ˵ýҡһ˹㡣
һֱ˵ԣһʻб۵ģĻиָ㡣
һʶʲٷ֮һܰһ±Բּܡ
һͲǰҷӳġ
յķӶʵɫժƲֹ£Լ࣬಻ǾŲɡ
һ֪˸ʹ㣺ץʲôˣ
ûԼͷŷˣԸշֵķ·֣ǰץˣôн˰ʾץ˾ʹĸȤˣһͨץץһؽΣȻʾ˽
͹㶼ûܡ
ΪʲôҪܣвŻѡ˼ҶǮģǮңͨҲȨģǴǧ˿ƵĹϵǽ˺ܾãûֵĻʱֵļ塣
ڷ֣Ϊʲôжһô̫˲ţ̰ҲãȨҲգضһ죬ϲּն£ɹȨʬˢһӢ䡣
Ϊ˲ʵ̫ˣ
ҪʲôҪһɵģɽͼˣҪǮǮǮǮ̫ˡ˭Ҷ֡
ҲûǸȥ˼ô㣬ʲô³
ɵˡʱûңֳǴʮôҲܳһʶʵӺ۹⣻ǲҪӵģþǵһָĴĵĵ
Ҳ˼Ѳհѽϴ϶Ը񣬲һ˼㡣
ûЩץ˶ģЩ˱ϵһҪС
ϲ֮£ķݽ§ǮʾһأץʲôҪǮץҵүСӻ̫үãС˻ɱҲҪŶȵȡ
ҲǿЦãѹȥܾͷɱˡ
˵ִĳһСӵȣҲԽԽˡ
ʵڲУҲֻˡͷΪ˲̫ŭҲýɱʲôҪԱġӳ
һʻĵһӦǽִ˭˭˭ȡ
˰ѽϵлռһƷζҡͷҿǳŽֵġͽڴпǲƫУһͷڹ
ǾͲǽڵ˽Թˡ
Ѿȥѡ׼ȥ֣ˣ϶ûüˣ̫࣬һʱҲҲ˭ı
ٿ
ֻܵǸ˳ˡ
Ƚٴʲôԣ԰жˡ
˵иΪͬʿӣ˵дһװοʫ˽
Ѿ԰üˣȴʼû¶ݡ
һӾˣ
԰йһͤ԰ûʲôʱԼһһ졣ʱһ飬ʱ塣
徲û˵˽û縯֮Ŀ⡣
ԼһЦ
˺ѶΪޣܾĥЩʿֻ񶾵ĻȥȴĴѱ棬֮֮ȥ
ʳʹơ㱧Թ˭أ
ౡʤԶæ󲽹
԰ֱĨһϵۣɢҵ·ͷһ£ӭ硣
ʤֵܡǶûмĹ¼ҹˣһ磬ֻܱ˴ȡů
ʤ߹һͬͤУôȥ򣿽մˣ˶ȥֹеĹŮϲİҲϲżҰһ˶ɽ˺ġ
԰˵ʤȻ֪ΪʲôԸȥ˵˶࣬㲻Ҫվһͺˡ
ߵʿǶ԰һ˲ϲã˶ϲ͵ˣٵʿǵǰȥ
԰ҡͷȥһᱻϳ̫ˣһȥͻᱻϳʱȥǣҲ
ʤ鲻ãִӻͳһ׾ݸ˵ͽţд˻ţٸȥ
԰缢ƿʵİѰ׾ڲȻΪпԵģ۸̫ˣϻܿʹģֻЩ˶ηȨƲҿڣ̫Զ룬˵ȥ󣬰¸߱ˣͬ
Ű׾̲סһʽʤ죬𣿡
ʤҡͷǸġ룬Ѱ԰˲ͷ¶βֻ²Ǻˡ
԰ҡҡͷ˵粻ѵõ֮ˣֻ˲ңЩ˲ͬҪǵű˵˵Ļһ⵽˵ѹŲ¶档
ʤ̾˵ֺαŸ㣿
԰Ϊ֪ϻ˲ֻһζĽĽȨƣɱζĿֻ֮衣
ʤ˾ͲȰˣֻ԰غôţҪ˷֣д˻źٽ뿪ˡ
԰ܿͰѻдˣʤͳ⣬ˡ
չţɨһ󣬷Ȼûʲôõݣɵðѻֱӵ˵ϣ˾˵ǹڳôʲôҲ֪
˵ܹҲûнӴʲôҪ£Ų֪
£˵ߵ˶ų˵ҪɱΪ׶߶˭Ǹдһ֣ȴһЩûôˣ
ҪżֻͷԿտգǽȥģҲͻˡ
̾ҲֻˡһЦҲժǹ˸ûܵõģǲҵˡȻϹе¿ɾˡ


363 
Ǹ˲صúܺãùҵ˴һû, ֻ֪Էס, ˼ˣԷֻԼҵ, ū, ύ, һʱҲ޴졣
ǣ԰ûôˡΪ˱ݾ, ûȥѲ԰˵ﶼ˵ʲôֻȶŰ԰ʲô
԰Ǹ˴ŴʮԺ, жˡ
ʼˡ
һˣõ, ͯѰһ²ĵطٰʼ
һô, ͹֪˸⡣
Ϊⲻǰ԰ķ, ıûκλĳɷֵģһһ۾ͻˣԼ
⼸ԳһǷ絶˪ƣҲǲ϶һ·˵һ仰ð, լʹҲȥţһʼͰŹˡһֱǿģΧҲܳ㣬ֻҪԸ⣬κʱ򶼿Լҳһ·
ƫƫԸȴԼǼϣڱͷֹ
ľǽ̫㣬ԸϹ¡
ߣҲ˽ơͲԼţϵ׽㴮С壬һӴ߱ףƾˡ
٣β˵ģǺõģֻҪǵر𲻺һͿ
ʱͿȻȻĴԼСȥˡ
⣬ð취ôע⡪Ϊ԰ôģԱ¶ĿܾͺС
ǽͿĻ
˵û˹ȥһơ
ǲֽţ԰ָ㣬ٵĵطǾѡġȻƧΧ¶ܺãһЩҸطһԸȺ˻ʿѡΪ˴ֻԼȻԶһ֪ѣѭȥһۿ԰в޵ģȻ˳ˡ
㣬죬԰õ˵һĿꡣ
ĿȻ̫⣬Ϊڶ԰ֻ˸ط١ҲųܹݣֶοһӾͱ˰
ûŵֿ̬һһ԰Ǳߵ£Ҳʼ԰ˡ
ţҪԷģöԷͶʰ԰
ûõˣ벻Ƿ⼸٣ǸõߣѾף٣˵Ľ͡ʵĶԽ˵ΪÿҪ¾Ǹ˷٣ȻӱǮ
ѧ룬Ȼë͸߽ǿѽֹǴӱǮԴӱǮӱĹǮһõĶΪΨһðֻͷϵۣ˶۸
̽Ÿһ£Ӧò̫ãҡͷ˵ʲôѾܺˡ
⺢ôԽԽСˣСʱӺܴ
ôʣܿǫ飺ҲԣڻûҹҪ١ϻغϻأǱҪˣŷ⡣
˵˭ͷ˭˭˭Ҫʱһ½ˣСʱһⶼסţôѵǰ֪ã
Ǵѵߵ˺ô𣿡ָǣ簢ǣ㲻Ǻö𣿡
ɬЦˣѹ˵ºͰǵĶǷһģ
С⹲ãԾһˣԡðɣҲȷʵûʲôøˡ
һЦѽ֮ǰëë𣿡
ҲˣرõǸμ
۽˵˵
˵ͷⰡǴ³Ĺٶ⣡
Ȥˡ
ȷʵԼƫãԼõˡҲܶëëôصģϸͳɻˡ
ڶǶλ³ûйУĿУ³ĶҲжռǣӵǵʶ
ϣµλٶһʵСǻҲǾеԾˣٽ̵Ҳü
ëëЩ˵ĹְֻʵְͳЦˣְǸгѡ
㽪̶ʲô˿Է⣬Ѱ԰ȥˡ
Ŀģ԰١
ֳǵ˺ܿ˵˴ַһٵ£Щپ˺ЦˣʮĸˣȫɣǴǰСǰǸӵܽõģڴǰߣܻ죬֮³ѾкܳʱûСˣէһʡ
Ϊվĵطͬصʱͬƣͬڵ˺ȡģš
ʮĸһ⣬̾ͳֵܣԼ۾ơ
˾ú棬ҲһţƲˡʮĸ˰԰ǱӲ⣬ʣµ˶ϻˣŽ̹ȻԶԣһȾҲ齣Ĳӡ
԰һ˹ԵúܲȺҲֳһ
˶μȴǳİ磬˭ëëҲ㲻԰ǸʲôˣǲĺܹϲѲɹϲĳ˵һ˾˰ӵȥʱȱɡ
ǾƹѲëëֵЦͷŮӵķ٣ǲǴ֬ͿЦˣƸӲǸ԰һƣҶԺҲˣëë磬ӱ󿴻Ů԰Ҳùӳ¹⣬һȡ˻ëë˿԰Ƕǽ檡
ѾΣԴֺ֣µƣ
ëëȻһЦ۽ǹŽ߹ȥŤڿŮ״ôЦ
԰ķȥ
һҲˣëë˿û˺԰ȴڶʹС
ǽϵ˶֪ˡǸܵùĵİ׹ڵˣǸɣͬŸ˸Ž
Ҳ˵ˣЦϵǲصǰʮһ⣬ǽ³ʲôϸˡ
ʼ类թ˼ңȽ轪һӡ
һ̵õϢԼ˾ȻֻˣϰϢ͵й㡣
ӵϢЩţðģ
ϸ˵£ġǺ˽ģͬҲ˽
һ֪ʣ壬˺Ѳ𣿡
㵽ڣһЩ»ǲϤðҲд⣿ǼҲȫ۵㣬Ӧúܺðɣ
ҡͷ֪ǸҪˣ
ܱôۣʼ˵ж಻Ҫˡ
˵һж˵Ӧô
ֱ°ȥɽ꿳ͷ𣿡ܺΪʲôɱ
ҡͷסһԼﻹ֪ԴӦݣȻԼұá
ͶˣʵƤӹ˾ô򣬴ΧȺһ߸ʮ塣
ϵΪʲôټǱӣϿ˵Լ˳ԼҴ治ȵȡԼҲ˵ǽ϶ԲԼңΪλҲ˵ǳȥģԼǲòӡΪʲôȫһˣɾ͸ˣǻѾǰ϶ˣǽϰѽԪӭģԼ˵ͿҰģԪִŶˣԼΪܵģҲ˵ͨġ
ô˵ġ
Ƥӹ˾Ͳܴ
Խ˵װһ㡣
Լұȣ񣬲Ӳ
ȷԼһӵȥˡ¶֣ΪýͶ
ԣõİ취ǻᡣȰнԼҽлϼ꣬Ҹɰ˾ˡ״̬
Ҳ֪
벻룬ǡ
ͷ·ɻûųȥ
սӴһ˾泳ֵģȥһֶˡ
ǰʮĸŭ꣬˲һÿ
Щˣֵλкμ̣ëëݣסͲˣԹӣڻˣþˣ
ǰ׼ˣϻЩԾġ
˵иˣȻ١
Ӧԣǽһء


364 벻
żǹ㣬Ҳڼ, ¶Ȼ㡱顣
Ǹ³, Ȼǹĺ
Цſޱȣˮһ, Ҳӭ, Ҳ, ôϣݲһ֣һ˭, ԭǰˡ
Сһӣ˿ʮ꣬ӡʱ, ĶӶˡ
Ϊʱ̫ʱû, ǱסģҲû
Ϊĸ׾ͲԸ, ֮, ûﲸ飬Ҳûĸ޵ˣളСܱܵˣָ, ˵ֵܣӡ
СʱһֻŻЩʹԵ˸˵С
жɣϻ۶˼һμ棬˾ͷֶԷͬ࣬࿴ᡣ
ΪҵĹϵûٳ¼٣Ժⲻ˷ˮתˣּ縺ҪԻԳЦˬ죡
ЦҲƽԼӵ֣ۿֳգղۣŲԼңڡ
һûлͷ·ߡ꾭öˣٶƢҲĥƽˡ
Ц꣬ȵ֣³֮ң֮ҡڹаĳȥݼ
˵úʵǰ˸ˡ
ĲѾˣץÿԸ³ǹ㣬̸˳ӵĸ˳ȥˡ
ߺ󣬹ȥֻ½òˡ
ҲЩϧ˰Ǽ˶ɱ˰ɡ
кôҲлô徢һʹʱ򣬻ֵ֤˶ǣֻҪеͷ̾ͻһӡ
ʵûҪֳеҶ֣Щ˴һ㶯пܾǣһǣһһʼȶԲ˽ֳǣϢͺıԶǳض֡
ճ̫ˣԼȥֳҽˡ˳Ȼ˳ˮۡ
ʱرãȥ̰Ҳܻø鷳ʰɴþա
ĿĻ֪ʲôȴһġӽԽͽԾͿжϳͼеһ֡
ǽֻܰѽȥˡ
óѣźÿĿġ
ôùҲܺò££Ͳܳһ״˲źóû֮ˡһܳùģǰûԸ⵱ˣֻѾ׼ѡˡ
Ҫ֮ǰýȣɵϣʧˡ
ҹȦʮһˡʱû˿ڣǸʹ󣬿ڱҲ
Ǿˡ
й˲ͱһ˸ΧˣȫТ鲼ײģֱԾġ
йĿ죬һô£˵ǽǵĻץҪǮĥ̫֣˸Ūˡ
ܲϲθٶΪ˼Եôץ𣿡
˵ȻץҪץȥ
һæ˵㲻ҪԼȥЩˣˣɴнˣȻڹץˣ
ǽһͣȵĻͷ
һ䣬Щ˼˵ϻؽ˵ץˣôɣΪǴԼĹ˭ܴҲܴץȥץҪץöࡣ
֪ˣ˵ԵƬ̣
Գȥҵ㣬˵˵һͨԵȥһģдڣдԿ
ҲûԼᱻץ˾͵ȥ
һһЩ˾ȻȥҴһͷǶץ
ץôãûϹץץ˵ˡ
ǲ˵ΪЩֳǵҶֻɱˣЩνı˳ɶǹ˰ͶȥģմմϲΪЩӬͷСôҸ
Щйǰ˰˵ѱ£˷٣ɽꡣ
γˣһ֮Ӹ߸ϵʷū
Ȼǳһıʹ´ǣݽ֮ʹڣڽТġģԲɱֻȥǰˡ
޹ЩˣһһʮӵģʮӶʹͣжʮӵģʮҲʹ͡
ǰףһͨЩҲòˣȰ˻ȥ
ֹһգдʫʣΪЩȥᡣ
ֳֶˡ

˲С鷳Ҳȥվ齲һ飬ýа֪커ӣЩС˲˴ֺġ
ô죬ŶȥֻͷʱŻţһ졣ֵĺĳˡ
߰ĺһˣպ󲻱ٹˡ
ȹߺ󣬲̾˿һп˽ϵһ۰򣬵ǰ˹һæǲԸ⿴ֵ̫ġ
ɹƫֻ֣¹Ҳ
һָֻ԰ˡ
ˮİ԰ôĿʱ򣬻Ŀ
ͷԿտյʵǽƵļƷӱӦһֻСèצӺû⣬˲˷ֺֻ˸ڲ
ȥ̧԰°ͣһ˲ա䡢ͷȫˡ
ߵģġ
Ͽëʹҧ촽ɪɪ
תĲӣ⿪ͷҲ
౽պᡣЦҶˡּĶ˴Ƥۡ
԰˵ᷢ
˰ɣ
θı⣿ͷʡ
ֻ԰˵Ϊ֪ģҲãù
ҲǲĵĻ
԰˵˵ˣֻǵͷ
Ļ౰ˣҵ
һ䣬԰ֻö죬ľż̥ѾѿǶȥ
Ҫô
ǣ˵õİ취ŮֻҪˣһ̤أֻҪùİܸıԼĿǰĴ
ܱڸ
֣⿪׼ߡ
ͻȻܳһ꣬üĿһණ˹ĵطҳȥСүúýѵѵ㣡
˭԰ûӦһȭѾؿˡ
ͻȻ򣬸Ӧȭߣſڵϣֻֻסͷ
ʱƵ˵һ䣺ֺ
Ϊβ
԰ڵϣ̧ͷ߹ûǸڽʲôƵģò׳ҵͷˣ㰡Ͳܵȵ𣿡
ǸҪ˲һúãǧ㰮Ҿǿߣ
εúúãǾ˰ȥɣٸ
ȥһ۶ûп


365 ׸
Ѱ԰ƻߣÿʲôʹȥ԰, ֪ǲǿ˲, Ȼڹֱ֮ȥҽˡ
ǡҼҴų򿪡״̬, йÿ춼ǻӭʿӽ, Ҳһۣܣ
ڷˡɱ¼, Ž˵һ仰ͱѺɽ꣬Ҳ̬, ٵ֣Ҫרˣ۴쿪, һͿҹ
һֱñ۾ĳܱһˣɶԹһ֣䱾ʾǳӮ, ܰΧ۵˶ϴΪھ
֣ǸСְ˱۱бֵ۵㲵ϴԡԼ߼ϵˣòҲ̶á
ǱΧۣƵһ, ½֪ˡ
ڽǰ쿪ľֱ۱, ֱȽϡ²˵²飬³£ʲô¶Էڴ̸ͥ
Ȼ, ̸Ľǲġ
̸ԣЩĿѾѵõˡ
ڶİȻҲһ죬ҶܿƣԸýĨڣŶԽ̫ء۵Ƿ壬ҲǶϵĹ¡
ͽйֳ˵ҲŸ嶼׷йΧǷӰ仧ڶﵹǱǰ̨ˡ
Ŀǰķչܲ⣬е㶫ǹǼĸо
һйΧĸ壬һǰΧĸãʿӴ⣬ʿÿҪйҪ壬Ҳɱģ﷢¶ꡣ
巢˽Ů޵顣
ΪŮԿȡʳǵһҶŮԣйĹ͹ŮŹ֮֮ĵļͥûŮԡ
ûӡŮĸס
ʳʵʵĺôֱڣÿһ˶ҵҲÿһ˶ԸȥɿԶȱˣرˡ
ǲԸΪǴ˲Ÿɵ£ǸԸ⻨Խ
ޡŮĸ¾Ӧ˶ˡ
ŮԶûֵģ޺ֻһϣּһСҲΪǵð촴
Ӱ쵽˼аһڣǼˣ˵ޣϣãͿˡ
Ůĸϸ׵ķʽʳ跽ɵһɵɣ˷ĳɵɣʣµĹн顣
ǰ˾ͷڳ
һΪȻãƭһΪų²ߣöӿ
ߵǳһͲøʳȫȡ˾С
תǳ֮ĽЦҡͷһ
ȻһŶǾͼڶְɡ
Χ죬Ҳԣʱֻǹ۲죬۲
ȥãߵǸòˣƺֵע⡣
磬ǸһֱڿŸ硣һڵ϶ˮСͯԽС˵
ǵͷСЩֻ֣Ҫ֪˭˵Уصǰȥ
СͯɵĵͷҼǵõģ硣
֪Զ˵ء
жŮԵʼ׷Ůԣ˷еŮūٴοʼ
˴ˣʹץһһ˵ļ֮ͣˣŮ֮Žֹ
ĸŮڱΪޣȴʱŮңҪһʱڼңһʱڷңҵĻĸҵǼʱŮҪɷҵǼʱҪȥ
ҲɷΪãǰ¡
нĸģĸ׿Զмӣʮ˸Ӷ࣬ʮʮҲûСڵǼϿһŮյµǼʮ˸ӣʮꡣ
׷ǳ൐ģǺڵģûеµġ
Թ˵һ˼ңʢ֮ܺãҪǣг׵ܣֻһŮĸֵڶࡣ
ⲻѣֻǹʲôĳһЩʾ
Цһ£Цùϵĺëˡ
ߵ⣬㲻֪ԣҲȥڿԶĹԿʱ˽ﶼﴫС
Ļһ
ǹӵǻֻۣӣֻܿܵ׵ܵλģȴֻܹڵ֪֣Ǻεȵ飿
ֻһ룬ܽҲһ˿˿ƽ
ʱ롭ܼλʲô
ˣ˼
Ҫλʣ³Ѫȷ磡
ЦŰѹˡҲֿԡ
ȴû취ġ
תȴղŽȻͬ׻ˡ
˳ĬһµĹء
Ϣ뽲
Ůڶ̳࣬ΪӣûжӣȥŮɼ̳мҵ
һӱĵ˺ڡ
׸Ӽ̳Ůա
ԹһЦ壬Ըң
Ǻ㣬ģȴһк⡣֪һֱ״һҪıԼĵλ
һԸеһ󶼺ޱĽŮˣҲߵһ
Ҳͷ
歴ʳҲţȥ޷ûܰ
ÿ춼ʳҩҲһЩ¡Ьߵ͸ˣһһӴ
ΨһһŵĻᡣ
߹֣ǰϱͿ޺
ķȫǲݷơСǶǵ·ͻᱻȥѩûҪ·ȥҩʩҩģȻ֪ûЧһ룬˲Уֻ˵ˡ
мСܹ˽סǣǳԵġСӾڳǰԣûؼң̻ʵģڳжŮ˵Ǳ߷ʲô
ŮʵСӶʶ֣ͯҲ㱳һЩ£һҰʲôѧҲͷͷǵ
ļҵ¡
ļҵĶҪϴҵķӡ
˵ǼֻиŮ
Ķ˵԰Ķӹ̸ϴȻҪϴŮ޳ȥǮѾˡ
ǼױһСͯ
ŮǰȥŮ˻˵Ϊͻļ˶ˣҲˣͷҰҪʻ
Ů˵ץԺҪǮģǿ϶ûǮóҪȥ๤ˡ
ûжԷԭǹٸ̫ģ
еƶȡͻĲмңͳͳ̣ҪűʲôеΥȵȣһʮǮۡһܼۣټһѡϷ֮ķþˣϼ˰ģˡ
㱻Ŀˡ
ȻһǾģȫҲƲû֮ʣµĲ־͸ɻɣǶȥɻеȥשŮȥ£Сȥ֣ҲۣҪɶܻ嶼Ŷ
ļҵ˱ץ˾Ϳʼˣֻڳûд򰡣ⶼץˣڣ
ٸǲģԺ˵ڵϵˮưĵҲⶼ׵֤ݡ
ȻǰļϴͿ챻ܵˣһͰܵܶˡ
ϵϧͱѹȻеԥҲս˵ˡ
ŮǶŮ͸Ů׸̳мҵΪҪޣ
ϴ󾪴ˡ
׸
û
ĳЩطȷʵ£ûĴͳôˣͬͬǲԸġ
뷴ϧ
ͥһֵܶȥˣΪǴܵ
ȻϴŮӽʣŮԸ׸̳мҵԺ֮Ϊ
ļ϶ĶҲϣڣָľȹ
ϧ˵ãȥ
ŮͿ⼸ңò˵ֵҲȥˡ겻ȥȥɻ
ֻʣŮĸס
ϧʣԸ⣬Ϊý
ŮŮԸ⣡


366 
ֻһյơΡ, Ѿ, Ρһһ⣬һ, Ҳʮһ
ΡǲڱĵطȢһ, ʱޡΡʱ, ĸ˻ûᣬ, ҲǼˡ
Ļˣļҵ£Ǽ˸ȥ, ٸġһˣڴ¶Сߴߴ۲ͣ
ÿһÿȴһλݵġˡ, רܶϰ̷λǱ𴦵εģÿ껻һΣȻһԼ֪, ˵ÿػ, йеĴǩ
ôϷû˻ţǴҷġ
Ϸ£˶֪
λݵ˰ļҵȫץ, ȴŹļҵŮˣô˵ļҳŮҪ׸顣ԺļҵϣŮ̳ȥµĺҲΪϵļ̳ˡ
׸ֳǸûеģ˵һЩطУټһҾûжӣֵͬͬܣʱһͿԣһ׸ǵڰѼҲ͸ˣ˭Ҹôͬ塢ͬ塢ͬ˶ͬġ
ŮǾʣЩһ׸ɷסԼ̺СãһӲңպĺҲҪԼգԼҵڣ˵˵ȥȻЩĽŮˡ
ŮֻõнһƵͷҲ
Ҳͺˡϧδظҹҵ¡
סȭͷסĿڣҧ촽ҧѪûо
֪˹ܲ£Ҳ̲ס̲סڴ
йڸ÷
ᵽй֮󣬹ҽֳǹңֻй˳ùܹʲôʵ˵Ź滨ﵽҲǸĸ֮ⲳУý
˼ֻϰԵȥ˶ѡ
ǸССѾϰͷиˣԼҡйһᣬĸԹĽⲡ
ܾùԹⲵĸоܸӣ񿴵һ˵ɵϣһ߱ӣһĽ㵽ͺܷѡ
˵ˡԹˣһ÷ȣƲ֪ǲǴͨζĶԽԽ࣬Դ³Ϊʮֹ衢裬Ƴ͸䡣ڽүǿ²˵ġ⻹һսġ
㿪ʼ˵£ǹڡ׸
Ҵ֮䣬ֻѡʮͥǼгŮŮмҲֵһѵ˵أֱǾӵļ塣
ȻͿʼЩ˼еֵܡòʽҲǼ򵥴ֱǴǮţؽ꣬ý
ýص㣬صЩ˰ռԷĲƲ˹̡Ϊ˷ֽţǻЩڿףЩ˹ԹԾͷ
ȴϣʮУͷֻʮҡҲ˵һϵ˵º󣬶ܾˣʵϴڷЩͼıһӦǣֵͬѾͦģ
˹Ц㲻ΪԼô˵أ֪º󣬾Ȼһֵֿĸо
ʣµʮҾͶϹˣжʮļңĸһʹӦˡ
ʣµľ㸸ĸԸ⽫ŮݲݼˣԹ̵ųҲôӦ˵׸͹ѡУǸԸ̣׸
û취ֻ֣׸ģ׸
ͳˡ
һ£Ƕ¶Ƿ֮еģ·һٱ飬Ҳֳǰյע⣬ıˡ
ҵȻ֪û˵ҵĿıҲɿǡҲɿ
ջԸ̶׸Ϊ̹ͬˣǾͻỹı֮£һ׸ͳգԼô룬ҲסͬͬôǲϾĺ·ǳ׳Ϊ֮ͬġˡ
ԣ׸עڰмԶǸ
۾ͻȻˣ
ȻЦˣĿеֹһ飬ʣѡһңμңؼң׼ң
ҶһǶŮĸ۰Բѱ
Цеľָ²ɹȻ궼С
ӢŮһСܵС㣬˵һ£һϲ
¾ǶһȤ£ΪŮһսͳͳץú󣬾ȻһҵŮ׸
Ӣֵ۾̾ˣץסŮ˵˵
Ůɫ˵󣬺ӢĽѣȹӾȥĸˡ
ϸĸһٳΪؼӢĸûʲô׳־黭壬ĸɪг޼ΪǷֻкӢһŮΪӢĸʱĸ׾ȻӲҽŵεˮˮֹŮ˵Ŀ̣Ȼͷһһӡ
ҲҪ檣ֻкӢһŮۺӢΪΪŮӾĲңС㽿ߡ
ŮޣŮҲ֮࣬߼˺ҪڹǰСܾίںӢСʱ򣬲˭ףҡͷӦ
ȺӢ󣬶ˣҲʼԶ˺ܺãֻҪ޵˼ȥ˵ɫǲɷһֱĽժǹǲ
ɺظٿҲԶԶûпгĵزͬĻϷ֣ҲԽ׳һ
ںӢѾʮˣظҲ֪ͣؼҿʼϣظܹһӣ̳һںӢĸʱסںؼңȸĸһߣƾ͵¼жȹˡ
Ӣһֱڷô֣Ů˵£һ󵨵ͷ
йѾͨ˽еĲá
̾ǲ£ʿǶ
ɷ̫Ͼ͸ҴżߣгһӡκһռҵŮô
ͬղ׸ǵʧȥıӻУµΣԻή͡Ϊи̣ҲиԽȥ档
ӢֶԸĸ㣬˵ĽһС˵ףҲ׸ײѡһҳףµĺӣҲǸ׵ѪǸ׵ϣܸ׵Ľ̵СںϳɳǺϵ
й˵ңǵܴȥЧ¡
һֱΪϲ׷ûй˼ɵģһǷкôǾͻɵȥԡΪƱٵġ
׸ĺôڿԱԼѪϵѪ
һ̰ļ壬ӴڶൽһҲϡʱԼѪֿᱻŴ
˽ԼţУƵˣԶԶڰеġô룬Щͬô롣
ѡԸѾ׵ֵ̳ܵԼһ׬ĲƸѡԼĺأ
Զ׼
˵϶µĸıġ¶ϡô


367 Ѫ
Ӣèץһ׸ͷһ̲ͣͷƣʲôû, ʲôﶼ
Ϊظûоܾ뷨, ڳ˼˵һ仰
ظ֧ھⲻһ, пʵֵģ
˵, ֮Ϳʼظĵ˭Сθڡˡ
һ, һ֡ʵҺҲһĸоֵڿЩŮʱ, ҲǡЩŮĸϲ
Щ˾ǰǰеĲˣ԰񣬴ѡһġ
Ӹµĸ, 
ָоһΣ
ٸֻܼ, ׸ȷԼû취ܡ
ظڼƵûţסȥС, Ц˵, Ҵҡ
ӢɬĽУ
ظЦ
ӢѺܶ࣬һ͵Ĵ඼ˣŮӸһġ⡱
׼޽μ·
׼Ҹһ㣬޽֮׼ҵ, ĸ׸ıã˸񣬵뾡취Ҳֻ޽һŮ׸ȲѣֽĸãŮС
ϸ˵׸ӣصǣ׸ԼȴԸһ̳ˡ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊݶ檣ޡ
Ҳû˵ʲôƽʱȫǿ״̬޽ȫͬС׸ųģѧϰ׸ˣǰΪеĳûж޽㡱
޽Լ֪ҪҪΪ˸ˡÿ׸ĸסŮӣעܼ̳мҵٲѡĸ׵֮ӣĽǵĸ󣬸ȢµĶӾûˡ
Ϊ޽һֱĸߵ·ǳţʹõŮ͸ǾˣĸÿһڳȥķȽˮǰڴ̨ϵĻᾭϸļ顣
ȻҲҼˣǰżˣĸϥ¡ӡЩĳֺĸףٱƸȢûո׻ΪĸײȢҲܰ
ڼңסһЩˡ
׸ΨһĺӳƵǧ˳˭ף޽ëҪô뾡취ܣţ̻úԡ
Ӣ˳˵˵ﻰ޽ĳ̶ֳҲͬǰϵһ㣬ȶ쵽ʮˣϵȻȻͺˡ
޽Ѳ̲ס׸¸˵ˡ
޽Ҳ𾪰ôҲ׸
Ҳ
׸ʵĸĸ鲻ǼٵģȻĸûˡԣһ˵ĹڶжŮŮ׸һ뵽Լҵ¡
ֳǰû׸ķףǳﻹǳ⣬ûϰߡǰҲóȻڡΪɹ̫С˰
Ĺôˣܲһأ㿴ôҲ
߼ͨġ׸ò׼ɹж٣Ѿڼҿ˺üˣ֮˶һзԼͻ룬ͷΪ֮
һ飬׸ȷţͷġΪǰûôɣͻȻ֮һðͬʱͺˡ
Ϊʲôôأ
һʾ֭óۣռҲơ

жټҲƣȻվסš
׸۸޽׸ĿԣҪҳĿĺ취Ǳ߿һд֧ˣ׼ڲķⲿ۶ٵöࡣ
޽أѾ׸֪ˡ
޽ĸоܸӣһжɣû뵽׶ĸ׵ĸôڸ׼ԼʱҲûй˼ɹĸŮ
׸Լû
޽ͺӢ̸һ磬ͱӢ˵ˡ԰ڼͿһֱչĸ
˷ֱַֺ˺ظ׸ҳ֣Ŷֹһ˴Ⱑ
ظ׸һԴ뷨ûʲôաֱ̽еðգǾӿ̽·ʯɡ
ǣ˵˷ֳмһȤ¡
μֳһô۵СңǼһôǼвΪ࣬ͽѣμҼ֪һݳģϲˣֻҪʿȥҽ飬ʳӣҲ˵Կμһӣסμҵģμҵġ
μҵȻͺܺˡ
μĶһֻܱһӣǧһ硣УһθʧЧˣ˸Ů
ڲӣμͺʱ˿ŮμһֻһŮ
μŮʵر˵£˿ʼμҵμҵĺǿŮǿ϶ܼ̳ˣЩǲǸҸʵˡ͡ȥ
μҵĺǵĴ˶ΪθЩ顰иһˡ
ιμ˸ˣǰգȥԶǧĶУθԡ޵ı֤ǻúöԴμҵĲģμҵĲû
θ֡ػ£̬ˡ
ͨءסҵ˵ģߵ˼ͨˣϲͨؽ£ӵĶǹƨľ֪θǼﲻֹһζĸŮЩԽΪʿӡθŹη磬һѻѼĲȫˡ
֪θѾ챻Ʒˡ
ԣ֮Уμпܽ׸ģеμҵĹµ࣬μ˼ΧθһҪζǡ׸
벻ǣ׼ҡؼҲͬμҡҲ׸ֲһҪһ˳̽һֳǱҶ׸Ľ̶ܳж٣ܵ˲࣬ǾͲˣμôԺ󣬽˲࣬ǲŻɡ
ǣںؼҡ׼ҽ֮θ˸ĻѣΪŮ׸
鵱ѸٳΪֳһ¡
֪ʱѾĻˡΪθհѷųȥһ죬ڶ˵ѾѡţԸΪμ׸
ɼθѡˡ
ʱ׸ͬڲҪˣǺ߳ܵ£Ŷеû취̧ͷˣһҹ֮ʹʧˣһŮˡ
μ׸һðҲ̴ˣëǨֳǱˣëʮ߷ġ
ëȥʣë˵ݶԶˣ˼Ҽ£ȥָֻҲʡܡҲȥëǨĸëǨĸҲܣӣëǨӣȴľͰ˼ңһʼסμҡ顱
˵ʲôëǨȷʵμŮθ쵶նľѡ˻ƵգףȻëǨǵμˣŮ·
һһ˵ǻȻǻȻеġ
ⲻ͵ëǨޡμֶܵμȥˡ
æڽϴ࣬ǡμҲΪ˱Ѫ
ĺӣԼģ
μҵ֣
ǸĹġ
˴ʱô˵ģŮ˲ˣҪŮ˹һ꣬һ˶üȷԼģŮ˻ʮ£ؾԼ֡
㣬Ҫĸġ


368 Ȩ
ؼҺ׼Ҳüڽϴμҵ£ڰ, ļ°ôµġ
Ǹ˵, Ƕμҵû˳Цǲһ, ûʲô˹, ż, Ȼֵ֧ռϷ硣
˲ġ
õϢظѾʼںؼ£, ̽һ¼˵ˡ׸Ǳе鷳ΪӣֻԼĽܽĶӼ̳мҵ, һ޿׸ֻҪ׸㵽˶޻˵Ͳ˷, ˭ԣδŮһȡ
û취ĽΣΪûʮʮ꣬˭ҲԤδôֻҪ˿ʼŮҲԼ̳мҵ, ǺܴĽˡ
μŮʱ, 㻹һ񣬲ֻһͨ
ºڶеǼǵʱŮǷֿǼǵģǰȫͬǰֻ˰븳, ԼҡԻΪλеǼǣôϸĵǼֳ֡ǵᡢֵģֻӣŮӡ
һʼԡͳ˿ڡеŮҲǼȥ
ǵԭ壬òùһ亹
Ǳ˰ĶҪ˰ɸȣҪвƲ
еŮӿܲгһҲԼݣӵԼǮƣеŮӣһǷִ֧ӵԼķӺǮһģǻȲȥȡռС
˵λԶλ߸̰ľӸֳеѣкôռŶ¿Ŷǲ
ٴȥŮ֪ôˡ
չŮĽĽŮڸ׺岮׶ץߺĸһû취ȥġ
϶춼ᱻ۸
ûˣôܲ۸
Ů𣿡
Ů۸ô죿ˣɷܻң׸ɷҶû취ء
ŵ֪ŮѾˣҲѾ׸ļҡ
˵Ǵ̳ģиĸţԲԸ׸
Ůȥھ˵˸ŮܺŮĸҲТ˳ĸ岮ֵֵܰܶץȥɻˣ˾͸ҵĻҲڿӡ
ЩȥŮɷ򻹵ĳǰлǣֵĹǣ뿪歾Υ¶һ˿ЦԱߵŮסˡ
ؼҺΡպŮСֵ˵歽Цˣļҵ¶һһʮѧΡ
歳ĬΡЦҲ֪һŮ¡
ƴӪû·ֳҲûоʶȥ˵ûҲȥȥ
ҡżҡǮҡ˼ҵӵܶйͶ飬󶼲֮ˣǵҲûܴ
˸⣬ѼòڵӺڵӷֱѡúÿģȥ߹·յģ취ȥ
ڶ࣬ͨ˺ѡһۺҡͷİɣ￴ǣ
˾͸ˣȥֻ취ؽͨˣͨߵ˾͸ˡ
ΡΪȢ˷正һҲһҵΪ歵Ĺϵעò̫֧֣Ҳ׳־Ҳ÷歶Щ֣ŬĴˣ͹ǱôϣתͷȥЩ򽻵ΪĹ٣Ǵ͹߳Ĳ
Ρһݾ
ΪΡҲ֪һ¡
һս˼ңһŮ˳ȥ˵ӣ˵ҪʳҵġڰŮͳȥ󣬲ҲʳȥѰˣ˲ϴ£˵ǼûŮ
ֻһŮûжӣ׬ЩʳûϵŮƭˡ𸸽ĸ͸˴丸˴ĸҲˡ
ԼҲûźã˺󣬹һغˡ
Ϊ¾͵ΪֹˣգвһǲսǲиʮĵŮŮ
ĸûǮᣬʬ廹´٣ǣ֪кμ̣
˵Ůɱ˸ˡ
ѽĸһ
Ůߺ󣬾ͱһҹˡ˵ֻϷİ޸ҵˣŮһģһȴ˵Ѿ޸ˣҪޣǼٷޣ˻浱˷޺ٰѽŮȥý
Ůϴӣ˴ʱ˸ɱˡ
ȻͱھӸˡ
ץ˽ŮһҪŪǵ׽Ůûм޸ˡˣɱ򣬴棻ûޣǿȽŮŮɱġ
پʽĸûаŮ޸Ǹ˰
ĸҡͷûУֻ˵Զһʳ
Ҳƭ£˽ĸ֤ʣŮؼҺѾˣŮͽĸͷⷿӻòס
ټˣ¸˵ǼǣӺͽҲƲ˽ĸ¡
歶ˣĸǼĸŮ𣿡
ΡЦˡҽ˴ܣ𸸺˶ˣ˾˵⣬Ҳû߽ʣµĲƲĸͽŮ˶ʳ죬ȥ·ɻǰأ˵Ѿýĸˡ
йУͳڸ¼ռодԵ¼
ҵº󣬲ԾЦɱ˰Ǳϱģ˽Ů£ʾСôˡ
ָŽҵİ˵ȥÿйٶμģԺƵİӣôС
ͰѽҵİϺǩȻʣŮ¡Ҫô𣿡˿̵ƣ׼ʵרʿ˽׼Ȩ̲ϴײƷʱ̳ǣ군֮Ҳûһʿ˽׼ܳ˵С̳ǳɹʩС
̳Ѿ˹ڣ̳ǵֳǣͰϰҲˡǺܴûֱӵܲ֮ͨ£Ҳ͹ġѭ˽ˡ̵ƣҲһ۱һˡ
ڽһȨŮ˷ﲻͷ̣׼Թ
Ů̫٣Բɱ
ǲܹʾڵģֻðʾķʽйǶ
Źû㻨ǾŮ̫٣ʺɱ֮ġ鷳ֻࡣ
ͱνŮԺ󣬹ǸҪͷŮʧɱˣʾŮ
УǿŮǲġ
һʾˣŮ̫ٲɱ
ȻɱǵͱͨҪˣǶǵ˺Ҳñǰˡ
ŮΪԶһʳѾĿ꣬һڽһŮ˵İȫǲڳΪµ
бףŮӷﲻɱڿһܿµ
㵣Ļòʧ
֪˵ʲôǵŮӷӡ˿̳ǵڵ޼ɵûǲģûǲġ
ƣ˵Ժᷢʲô
˵ǶԺˡԽڵ⣬ȷµʱ취ȥ⡣


369 ·
ӷǵˣֳĻ̻, ǧû, ͣڶ⣬Ҵ͹й, Ҳ, ſ֡
Ҫ, ڵĵǸЦΪеıǽ, ֳǴ󽫾ԼԼ, ûë
֮ǰѷǱĵ˽䡣Ͱ˵ˡ
ҪǧϷ
һӶɷʿ, ͼ㣬ÿСÿһԽŮΪ˶ץˡ
ʿȥʱ򣬰ŵòͣſڵϵ, жˮ, ĵؽеġʿǰץ˼ҵǮʲôȫϳЩ˲ŻȻŶץǵġ
е˼ﻹŮӣЩŮҲһ𱻴ˡ
гλȦһΧ޴Ŀյ, һˣһŮˡΧŮεģʮӡ
ǶΧԶĿţһΧֻʿǽ̸
ץ˼
ǲ֪һ˶ʮ
Ҹץһңһٸˡ
ڽŮ֮¸ѿʱ򣬽ûйܣΪҪ¸һ̵ӡ£ŮƭѾγһĲҵ
˻ǰȥ˵ǽ⣬ϼ¼ȫʶģȫ硣
Ůǻʱ˼ţʱĿ˻۳ôģŮ˽ܵһ˼ңôٵģȻ˼ҾͲһ㡣
Ů˱ȥһʱޣϾһꡣһĿ˺䡣
ŮһʲôҲи̸
ȣɻһģϴ´ɨ£ⶼڡ
һҪľǽȥŮֻһӣġ
ҪҵġӡĻҪľ͸ˡ
󣬿ΣŮ˵ȱýŮ߻һֱΣԸ⸶߼ֻۣΪˡһΪһӡ
Ȼ˿϶Ҳǵһ棬ǻȥŮºӣкûҪŮȴ߶ҪһңҲҪúġ
ǵͬĻǺȫʲôǵˡ
ڶֵͯƹ㣬ʶֵԽԽˣǻ涩˸ͬ
ĺüٷݺͬЩʶˣϸһܼ¶
ΪǾöֻͯǲ򻯣ǿʼԼˡ
˵еĻͦеģǸʶĲ̫һ
硰ء֣Сڣָճںͬʱһǰͨ˳˼£ءǡ족ڡ˵һ˼СڣǺſ죬Ǹ۶
ָ㿴ֵѵټһһ𣿡ѱĶˣ
һۣŭתˡ
ΪŮһ°Ůָʾͱøˡ
г룬ϧѾ۵ÿڸɳƣһˮһһһȦʮԶǸ˶һۣһɫ
ЩѾˣҶû취أסûƺԴԴץ
İӡܹŹ֡
ߵŮˣŮ˵ĸɷ򣿡
Ůһָָұ߹һеĵĸһ̲ͬˣҪҲˣǣˣңҵģ
ǸĺӽѾĿľˣǰץס˵ͷϧ𷢻£ŷִ˻û˵æϧ
ϧ˵ͷöԣ
˲һ˺󣬵ŵڶҿڵɵӡ
ϧʣŮĸɷȥ
Ůվ߹ȥһǣһ·һʱһţߵԵ
ϧ͵û
ǰԡޡ˵ˣǻؼȥɡ
ߺһľľʣûߵ˵ѺȥٶԱߵ˵һӡ
㲻ͼͬ棬ҲǺ˼ģȫǻ۰ַһ족˵ߡġе֣رˡСͷ˲£ָͷ
˳İȦԺ϶ҪͳһֵģѾȺڻƹ׶ˡ
ңɭ
һ̧ͷվǰбżֽ
ˡæЦ
һ£ѻֽ£˵ЩӸ˰ɣⶼ콻ģ췢ȥͿС
ŮкܶŮйصĵط㵣ĵµҪô᲻ҪôĲ̣һУǹǾ˰С顱ǼǺ󣬽һһĿܾĶϽ·ȥܾģôС
гȦʱηһ߹ˣһ߹Ůˡ˵ûʳûˮŮ˵гкȣвβѾеĻסȥ֮ܲһ
ȥչŮӵĶǹеĹŮˣЩ˵ĹĶ£ŮǶõ˹ϧǣΪǳʾ밵ʾ
ΪŮĿƭƭȾǼиŮˣŮ˵ǼΪӻĸס
ǼǶġ
ץ˺󣬰ǽ˼ȥѲŮͻᷢһŮ˲ֹһɷ¡
ôһɷأ
ȷǵһǼǵġ
ָʾǡŮ˵ĸǣĸǡ
㣺
ȥһһ¼̫ʱˣȻһŮ򣬾ĸɷˡ
㣺֮
Ҳ֪ô϶к֢ġڵĺ֢ǲֹһŮ˲ԼԭļˣǶ˳еľʹҵ˶Լõˡ
ֽ֧ʹģ簸ĹԱǲֵ֧ģİУֲУֻðѰȰٷȥ󣬴Ա۾ˣżвϱ۵ġҲˡ
󰸵ĹԱǾϸѡģó⣬Ҳôνʿ˰ǡ
ŷ㡣
ֽչ
ʵЩŮУԸıԼ˵ֻһС֣Ů˶ǼŰǧٱ飬Ҵ
εİУһŮ˱ɷĸСΣδڻһĺӣҪصɷĸȥ
аĹԱѾЩӸôˣûŮҪȥУǰӽ
ڴ˰С̣·ĸ̣Ӿ󷹡ȻػӣǾͰѻӸˣˣ޴ɻء
ʣŮأźӡ
ȥ·йɣȺ󣬹ɷĸҲˣʱȥʬҪټޣ޾ͷһ·Ҳûʲôá
··ˣһߵڵϵǰϵǵϣһ˳Ȧ
Ů˶ϣҲ뿪ʱ򶼴Լļˡ
··һֵܣ·ڼȢһӣ·ϣ֪ӱ˼ߣйС˵԰ѽ˹ҪȥˣȻͰָ˼ҡ
Ѿ尲仧ˣ͵ܸܵģĸһֱ֣ʳˡ
ӻһʳǾģķͱøˡ
ӻ󣬾˵ԽŮȥǾܶһʳ޸ˣٵЩл
Ͱӽˡ䣬ܻһΣһ٣˵Ѿ˷ޣĸִһ٣ţٴνˣΡޡԶЩʡܻ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ƕץˣԭ˽ģԭǲýŮ
··ܺ£·һЩ˱Ӻ󣬻Ů˽ȥһߣæ·˵磬ɩɩߣ
·ҲͷԣԣҲߣ
һ֮ȴֱѺ˻··ߵֱ·˵һɩɩûˣɩɩһĻһͷˣ
·˵ԣ»ͷͷӦþˣ
Ȼ󣬲ˡ
û죬쵽г⣬ܶվһһϵһˣȻ뿪ˡ
Ǳ˸ϵ˺ԶĵطֳˣȫһȺȺװʯġûӵľҧأϡŵȫѪ
··ͺܶ˱Ƶͬûӵľǰ϶޴ʯ飬һͷڼϡ
ʮʿųǹָ˵
··ıǰ
һӴ
Ӵ


ǲ밤򰡣
ǹڱϣӳڱϣ··ҧڵѪţ޴ġصľǰߡ
ľڶˡ

ֽ빣ľûг֣ʮľͷƴɣʯǰţͿİ·ƽʵ
·һľ˼ټľͷͿԶЩˡ
·ҲøҲһˡ


370 
ɳҵ
Ǹǰ۴ÿ쿪, Ǵѳ˲Ž, ԽԽȱС
оһˣӱ, ǵһǵ·渺ص, ˿Եİ취, ̾ͱǷ֣Ӵ
·, ·ȡ
ơ
˵ǸСĲӣ֣ͨ˲ǲսȺ, ǲǰ罻ֻǲʯһһ·Ծƽ
Ҫ֪ʱǱزٵ, ٵ˲֪ǵ˹ȥ
·еΣһһʯһ, һʯ, ÿһ㶼ѹ飬еΪز㣬۵ռһЩʯһģȻɽֶܾΡ
ֻռʿʯȤ, ֪򵥣ҲĸеңֳԱûȥомţǲǵһҹһȤ̫ݳޣһϰܲ
ʱҪЩˡ
Թ˵ʵûһ⣬ġ
Ǻǣ˵֣˸ˡ
ͼΡȥˣϰÿʹʱҹӺСǾˣǻ굽ȥ۴棬СǸʲôأ
ʹ֣ЩˡСйˡ
֣ףЩ˵δܼסҲֻһɣصܽйСǶԽҰĵľͶˣͼڽ֣ʱż˳㹴һ¡
֣ϻ֣еҶ裡չٿλˣĸϾҲǺϲˣŮˣûǲǷĸ
˶ˣ֣ͣ͡ѡĳͣ˳һ´ҵĻ⡣
Ȼûֱԡ׸л⣬ֻÿ춼޵ҫ͸ǸĹƷ
̳ģҲģֺǽģҲģǺġ
ÿ춼ҫǮ䱦֮Ĵ涫ÿһļ۸ۣ
ôһ֣Ÿᡣ
ǰˡμҶŮȻѾˣǽѡѡ֣ϵİ̫ˣֳǵŮУ⻹ǵһ׸ġ
˹Ůš˵Ȥ˰Ů˵һ˵׸׺òãɷô
Ůͦ󷽵ģŮĽƺˣ˵׸ɬҲëǨʶ꣬ëǨμҡʵʳǿμܼãθҲһ꣬Ͱ˿
ëǨԸе㵨СηŮһһԽܸ£Ů˵θѡŮëǨֻԥһ¾͵ͷˡ
ëǨΪμŮ֮ûʧģҾӶ࣬ǰ±μҸߣûʲô£˻⣬һ޳ɣûвҵԼμҸţֻȥؤ׸μҺͳμˣμҵķҲԵֱ׳ˡ
ëңëǨûʲôġëҴСҲң˵֮ƫ֧ŶԣҲͱһİռҺһ㣬๤зԣ´ӵܶмǮ֧֣֮öôǲܵġ
ëǨĸһӣСһǰ棬ͶΪ磬ĸʱӣҲȽ۰ǰ滹ϽãһûסһҲ˼ױͳţΨһһŮҲܳ衣
ȵëǨͲˣǰӣĸҲϡкëǨҲһ㣬ĸִˣ𣬶ĸͲ̡
Ҳٶһ׵ּҲرܸܵǵĶӶˣȸĸȥëǨǸǵĶԣ´
ëǨɺëǨȥԶĵطʦǴëǨٻҸͬ˼ҵ˻ڵ⡣
ĺܺãëǨ鲻̫ãͻȻȥˣëǨʮҾͱ˻ͻˡ
ʱëǨѾ£ԼĴ֪ϳȥͶҽٱ͵磬Ͷμȥˣμ׸
Ů˵Խ࣬ԽĽŮëǨһԡҪ׸ëǨԼûãԸһãʮμҳƷԸǿ׼ģһʧ
ʱ˵һǮŮһиɷԼңǾɰˡ
ͿŹһŮ֮òǣЩŮ˿ǮĺôٿռеĲƲĺô쳤վã֪мĶҰģȥһǵġƲ롰ɷ򡱣
Ŀģʹ߶ҵǰ̣Щγɷ糱ˣɹˣٳժȡʵͷβ˹ĶЩ˵Ұģһֶûࡣ
ڽ˰£û˵һ仰ûǰŲһŲλýʶ뿪ˡ
Ƿ뿪󣬾˴
Թ˵Ҫˡ
̨֣ϵǸȷʵǸ衣ÿۼˣľֻǾۼѣҪ
ȷʵڴ̣Ϊǹ㡣
ҹ̸ˡ
Խ˵㿴˲Ҫɣǰ㣬žźô㣬һ㶼ûв˼
˵꣬һ¹ڣȥˡ
㣬ֱ˵Լ֣֣ġ
㣺Ŷ
˵Ҫ֣֣ĳǣ
ʣҶҪ
˵Ұ㡣
Ȼ˵취
֣֣Ƕûп³õһʱ֣ǶҪڣЩǵĳӻӣ֣Ӹλ
Щ˵У֣ģҲ˶ģ֣ϲ˶ġ
˵ǣɴȡһǳ֮һ³ɿɡ֮۱Ƿ̯ʳ
˵һǣ˳ǵ㣬Ļɢ֮˵һ͸֣һˣֻҪǮȥǵҶˣ˵Ĵ˳ǳ֣³Ҳǲܵġ
Լһ˰ѻ˵ˣԹΰݣԸЧȮ֮͡
ЦǰַΪ³ϣȻԼ
ϣұ³ˣ
ĵйЦôãԸ֣Ϊ³Ч
ܾˣ˵֣Ҳܰ쵽
㡰־ϲ֣ʩչ
ʣǾ빨ָһʵȱȱ
ͷȱ
ƭ֪ˣһֱǴģڻҪŮˣȱй
ɫʵض֣֮һ£Ȼû뵽㾹ȻдҰģ
³ȱ棬ض֣࣬Ҳ٣
빨ֽҡʡ
Ц֣ʳֲȡ֮³õ֣ûó𣿡ָ죬ʱѽࣿ
⣬֮ϣһд㻺С
ѿգ


371 
øһ㣬ϵĲݻɫ, Ѿ, ϣǴƤòɡ
ᶦվڵǰ, Զĺ̲ϲ, һȺһѷ, һʱӿߣһʱӿ, ȮѰµܵûģ֪, ЩϷɵıԹ֮Ǿͻˡ
ע̫ù
ÿһǴĩĳ, һĩڶ֮ǰǲŻֹͣ
ԣ˻ûзǽ궬Ҫ, ΪͻĴûгԹ, ҾʳֻҪūǳԣǾԶӡūǻ᲻ӣ᲻˭ں
˾δս, Ѿūı֤ˡ
Щõȫˣᶦϧū˾Ͳðˡūƺܶ࣬ÿһ궼ڼ١Դ³˿ʼūǶһ˵ġزǿʼʳԼҵūʱֻҪˣһǮܰЩūߡ
Ŀǰūǵ³ᶦ֪³ôҪôūƺ͹ȥ٣Ǹ󽫾µá
ǸʹСƽģ³ʹ̾ϢṫⱲΨһĶ̴ֻ¾ˡ
ǰδʲôˣ
ūǵʧΣȴǲūʳ㣬ȴԽȥ֣˵
ʲôֻţ
ܷ뿪ȥ֣ǰ˵
仰һ𣬾Ϳ
ɺԵĺӰߴһ󻶺Ǵ㹻Ұ㣬ǽԳԶٱˣȮҲܸˣǽйͷˡ
ᶦתصůĵڣϵֹŮ澣Լĳ檣ȫĿȵĿµһˡ
Ǹ˿һ񣬶һƺҲ˻ЦṫӵȻ䲻
ᶦվסţѾס˰£ÿ춼Ҫÿһοʱǰһĸо
Ϊժǹ谮ġɡ
ᶦºҲŮǲᶦԸ˻˱еľƣ¾̹ۣ˹𻨣˱ǡ
ᶦԼûϰߣȻܣʵͨǲǽģûе㹻Ļƣľǲ˻ȵȡ
ȻŮǸɵŴΧӵԴһӶһʵʹߡ
ʹ߻֮ڡ
Ϊдᶦòʾˣ곣没ǼٲġѡҲ⣬ڶ
Ϊˣȴûһˡ֪
žƱϰԵĶԸ;ƵŮעһۣǰڽʱ˵ǾŮǸʲô˵棬ֻлϰߡ
Ůúһ˫۾
ᶦɵɸʱټˣŮͳ檸㲻ûһ˽
ڣĹӣкϢ𣿡
ᶦҡͷûС֣۸ߣ˿
֣ڵļ۸Ѿߵһǳ׵ĵزǰ÷ǳļ۸֣ǵȻܲ⣬֣һҲںƺʳ
֣мһ³򲻵ʳҲû취ᴩ³ȥ֣鷳ǰĿ³ϣǻȥ³ڲˡ
Ϊ³ΨһһУǰɳǣڵ̳ǣѾ벻ˡ
̳ǡ
ᶦ̳ǾЩͷʹ̳ǽ֮û뵽̳Ǳ³֮һ·Զʤرͻɳǡ
̳ǵ̫ˣǴ˷ֻǲѴ֮ܳԵ֣棬ȵκƣŮκŮ֣Ů
ǲ̳ҪĶ׬Ǯ
ǰûزֻģߵʱ򲻻ʲôūǧĴߣҲûУҪ˷ʳ
ͻȻ֮䣬ūˣūúţѼ죬ȵȡ
񴦴ǻƽ𣬵϶Ǯʲô׬ܶǮ
Ǹϲܣϲ͡
ʱǴȥܸǴǮ̳ǣһϳġ
ԺٻǾûǮ׬ˡ
ûֵأﳤҰݣЩڲؿȥιֻҪųȥҰԣ֮ȥץˣصǳɣֻ´ţǮ̫ˣ
Ǻһ仰ǾҪūҪţѼţ׬ǮūҪʲôã
˵ᶦһʼʲôȺʼ򶼿ʼȰûϸϽţ׬Ǯʱ⣡
Ĳֻô࣬ţԺʲô
ţ׬Ǯȿɼأ˼ūųȥˣ磬ҪǮϣʲôã
ֲ̣˷ѡ
ǴʼеȺֻ¼ĸǷֳ䵽ǵУ˵СҲҪصľУΪСۡ
ûûūĻһıȵҪ̵ʱֻԼˣв֪ûһѽ²֪û
ŹȥꣿѾһΣյԨȴ˲
˲ˣ
̫ˣϣܼ̳λϣλ䵽УǷȡ·ҪǱλѪҪԶ
ĶԣҲһȥðΪѾûʲôɺµˣԸĲһԼء
Ҫľǰĵţȥ䵽С
ڣһȥ֣˼˼죬Ӧ
һתһԼıǷ׷׳еūʱΨûūǮⱾ״̼֣֧ıһ֧˵֧Լ
ڶȱ
̫ˣҰһжֻͻݡ֮ǰ͵͵ǵúΪֻǳϵģκ˰ǵĻϰߴǳǣȻͨ͵͵úץסɱһˣúҲ˷ˡ
֮ͶǶøˡ괺ʱûҶһ룬ʱȥ֣ʱ֣ͿʼǼۣ˴ȥǮû򹻡
ڣѾ֪궬ǵιˣʿūҪˡ
ıѾгʮûдһˣϱڣ±ȴûмѪҪ
˵ô࣬Ψһǵ³ıˣ벻³ɣѵ³Ҫһھ
ڽ֮ǰᶦһֱɿڡ
죬˵ˣ³ױţҲŵùɡ
ЦĹһۡ˵գӻͳһ赣ֻһ֣
ȻǷġ
ڶǵù˵ⶫû˼Ļһһʮѻƶʮ˿ıáǸɽ죬ƶµһģһ
ûܡƣǸô룬ô
繫
ᶦ赺ͷˡ
ûʤ
ᶦȻˣɴҵĶȥɣɰǣǾҵһ㡣
³йУˡ
ѾȥһˣֻءһһСǡ
̾˲СǵܣǱͱҪѵöࡣ
ƣˣǳǰ棬ǵˣʡʡôøǡ
ĿľͲ
һΪ֣Ļ̻̣߶֣ͳǣΪı
֣һˣպ³ʱͿһˡ


372 Ⱥ
ᶦĶӡףΪصԱ, , ֻǧˡ
ȵ̳ǣǡͷ桱, ٳ˴³ǧʿȫɽŷ򡢿
̳Ǻ, һǾ͡ܡˡ
, ộᶦӣҲϲһ, ᶦǰһ͸һ͸ԭ̫«ū̫, 쳤վãᶦӸһģĿʼӡ
˵, ֣зλ³֮ϣٴϱ˻, Ѵǡ
Цֻǧ, ̳ѳһأڳǽϷżȡҵ򵥣Ҳ㣬㵹ң
ȡ⼸ǧͷ, кκôкκôֻǧˣ㸸ֻǧˣ
뱻ʵƿԣ޷޵Ҹ㲻塭
뿪ʱᶦ˲ʮŮò֮ˡ
ֻҪǮҪˣ߳ƵǱ
Сֻܷġ㸸ԼֻұǡЦŵӽұСͬͬԣʧΣգСҼ죬ʧҲԹԡ
Ȱ˵ӦʿǽͼλϵıȻǲؽģһʮҲûнеŽֻʿǽǹΪǡ
뿪ǰȥĪԣﻹ˻ϣһ·δıĻϣһʱ˵ˣֻܵͷ¡
ǰ´ԭһ񽣰ĺӣټȻѾɽȵʡǸ˰ϧϵĸͱϴȥ˰УԽԽ
Īѻģ֮ǰʱ򣬻ϸպô˳ȥˣȥֻźȥĪԾ͸Ͻȥһϣҵ˴
̴ϲ衣
Ų裬ʻϣȥҵʲôö
һüɫ裬ѰһҩѾúȦˣʮȥӦþܳһƬˡ
ɲҪʲô޳ˣٿջϲһЦǰѰҩüضǿˣʱûûժȹȥҲˣ֪Ǳֻ޵ˡ
ɽҰĲˣҰޡ
ټһλϣѾûźˡѾ̳ǰңͻ룬̳С٣ʺϡֳǣվΣÿһҪѾ˼Ը̳ϣҲԸȥֳЩٻ
һҹʱĪ뿪ˣһҹҲˣһȡ
һؼ治֪ʲôʱˡϲ޸̾ûиĸڣҲ֪᲻ȢӣԺûȥͻѾѡ˷صأպˡ
ۿʱͷ̧۾ͷţ
ûϣϣûڿɼݣ˻ϡ
һںˣƷ˵಻࣬˵Ȳȵζ˵ϣ㲻Ҫ˵ңҲûȢް
һɣҪȢ붴ˣܷϣ
ǱϺĪԺˣ죬ʱȻܹʣͨˡ
һ˴Ŵ̳Ǵ·ĳкʹׯȡʳ䲻ûȥٸ³˴ׯ˸ɱˡ
֪³أֻǧˣ˽ŻȥӸĳǳصðܰȫɱˡ
һ·ϣȻбǽֻйһˣȴ֪סˣҶֺ
˶ĳȥȺ˶˵¾Ʋ˻ˡ˵Ҳе³֮ˣ³ʹ³ϰݣ³Ҳϰݵġһ߼ɵһ߰¾ĳպ³֮ǽµĶʱˡ
ӽ֣ˣ˵ǰһվҾҪӵˡһæɲҵͬȥ
Ц޸֮ڹֻᰭ¡ӽ֣Ȼ湫·
æ顣
һ˵ܷû֣Ҫߣ˭֪ǲı
һҲҲãʱܷߣʲôʱߣҪǷ㡣
˵ֻǴǴ³֣Ĵȥٰȷʵ㡣ֲɱķ뿪δɡ
⻰˵̫ЩǾ˶ô˻ҲǸ⡣
˼Ƭ̣ͻȻʵ֮ǰ׽ңĶԷڱĵطΨͻ
˵һ˲ᶦĴѾͷԲŰͳְиɣ³һ˳ȻԷӭ룬˳ֻ»Ҫ³ǰ־ȱ
һȷʵΪˡ
ټ˵ֻȥһ·飬ĳ޺
Ц빫ҲһʡӣҾŹӵĺϢʲôҪҰ£ɷԸ
˸˵ôɲŻֳǣȥ³ժǹ𣿡
Ұ»ûãôܾôֿտյĻȥڹʧһЦм飬ˡ
ϲܵ˵ɲһ֮áҪ³ʹ߲ܰġһ룬һȥ˵Ҳм֮⣿
߲֮ǰжìܣҪֱˣǱøˡ
ڴ˵һغһլԺѳ³ڴ˵ذңȻѷӺ͵ض͸룬̰ȥʾġ
һٲһֱ߶ż˵߶ϣԼҪˣָжΣô֣ҲɣҲҪҡ
ҪϼˣһʲôҪô죿
ҪõĹָ
뻹ԸˣһҪɵķԸš
˵Ϊŷġ
ҲǸжѣġһ֣֣ŶĹ⡣֣ϴɵĵˣмǲҪ䷢ܿǡ
Ȼ򣬹ֲ³ҪԶ˵֣Ȼ³һġ
˰˽֣ͽҸСׯһ֣ϻû֣Ϻüǿˣһˣʮˣ֣գΪܡ
߳ǵĳǽȫĹʿŽգǰҲ
ֻƿ߳ǣ֣ǰ
˵ȥ֣ʱ֣ôͻȻͱˣ
춼ụ̂³ݶˣʿǲܶӡֻɿǰ̽·Ҫҵ׹Ĵ䡢ׯ԰
̽ȥһҹͻǰʮûмһׯ
ԣȥʱһ·ĸׯǲߴ·ˣ
̽ûߴ·һֱߵġ·ȷʵлĴ壬Ѿܹˣֻмϸڣ˵˶ˣڴʳ֮󡣡
뾪ȵʳˣѵĴˣأ
ֶ̽ʳˡ
˭ߵģĶ𣿻˰٣
̽ˡ
ôأ
룺ֻ˳ļ۸񼫸߰ɣ̽ҡͷϸ˵ûǮ
˵ѡǮҲ˴ˡ̾˿ǰ߰ɡ


373 ½
û֣ᶦŻ֣һ, ֣ı仯Ҳͷˡ
ʮ, ƣ
Ϊαװˣ׼ʳ˿, ǶЩܳԵĶ, ͼ塣
һ·, дׯĵطȫ˿ݣߵ, бǿϮɱģҲбץץģз˷ͷġԭǰʳ˹·, ûָˡ
Сһĳ򣬻߼۾ӵ뱤ڼӸ߳ǽì⵶
Ȼ, Ƕܾˡ
Ǳٰ˽Ǵ̽ϢӦϵģȫû֮ء
ֻӲˡ̾
ǧ˿ƺ٣ǾԲܣСһ뱤, ˶, ˶ʳǶ֪
˵ӲҪż٣һЩΪá
֣ڵǿÿǳصĳǽ涼߸һͷ, ÿ춼ܴӹ·˵ĳǿ˴ͬӳˣץץꡣ
Ǹֻӵ̵˵ôץꣿץʮҰðʮûԵˣŶӣȥǻô죿
Ǵʵ
۵ĸܵӰľͨİգǾסڳĴ񣬻ǳǿڵСգǶмǮҲû̫Ĵǣټϸ򲻵ܵ
еŮģҲȫҶģЩ¾ģʣµľȥǿˡ
ԴǷˣЩ޴ڣ޿ײǿ
½֣ϴٲϣ֣
֣һ⻰˵һᱻ˼µģ
˵֣ôƣ֣ܺúõĴϣ̫ӶûУ֣Ҫû
ɫһ֣ǣ֣ǣΣΪ½ǲ򣬻վ֣ǰ٩٩̸ӿ֣֣˵𣬵֣ʱ͸òԣӦ֣ûУ
ô֣룿ߵʳ֣˿֮ʳλֻȴʳôİɣҪһĹֳĻ֮ûʳλҲҪ
֣ǲ˵Ծ˷
ʳÿ궼ֳֻһûгԵģʲôҪѵЩ˼һʳû𣿿Цһ˵
½ĻĿѣͷЦЦžֻһ˵ڻصһݻõж٣İѵҼҶǧĶ澰ˣһʳռһµʳѾǸˣڳаѾ߸ˣƶŸµҲȻôô˳ûǶǶŶӵİգ
֣ܵס½ǣֻü
½ǵڶڹ֮ʱûмʱƣ
أ˳֣˵ϧգ˴ȥ̲ܲգһһɵһ
µ˷׷׸ϣһһһѵԣ
½ǣΪ˱ȴĺڣ
֣棬ɫԷŻ
½ǵ꣬һһɵһǴ֪֪֮£ɳУȫһʮ˼̣ÿֻ۰ʮҲ˵һʮ˼ңÿʮķҲֻһ˱ңô󶷣Сһǰ붷ķʴɳУֻһ𣿡
֣Ŀࣺ¡²֪ǾȻôɰ
½Ǳȭ񣬾Ȼο֣ؾȣÿóʮѾĵˡɳµļʮûСҼ۸ߣһҪһƥǮء
ǲڷˡ
ְο粻ο֣ŭЩˡЩ˾ǰѹµĻԷ𣿡һ߷齱¯жȻš
ȫɱ֣ɭɭ
ǿ½ǻ˵ͣ졣
½Ǿ͸û֣ڷһ˿׬ǮգȻ۸Ѿǰ߳࣬ǿǳ˿ġԣֻܹˡ״ź̾˿ڽ֣Ҫ̫ѹû취¡
ϵ˾Ϳ֣Ļ½ԽԽߣʵ̲סӲǰ½Ǹˡ½Ǳߺ֣Ҳ˦ȥϵż˿ĨһѶϵ亹ĵĳң̨
½Ǳ̨ף˼סߵǰԣһţĶ
һ϶ϵ˴ʱˣǲᶼŲҴҵĳˡ˶߹˲Ŵ³ֻص˹
ڵǣڵλ
˸ˣﵽ֣޹ƫ𣬼ŮӵĽڵڡ
֣ȴƫеǡ
½һȥ͹ĳð
֣æԹһƬ֮У
ǣ½ǣһصǰҪ½ͬ½ƴǣǱ֣Ӳ
½º֣ơ
ʣ˾ףЦ޼һĻ̾ѡ
ƹѲ֣䴳µĵУ¶߹£»ڹأ
½ƽ½֮ӡǰʱ½һʼҲûз⣬ߣΪ׬һۣ׷װʳ˳ȥ˸ý˰ʱǽǮ
ⱾǼ£ԽԽˡ
˼ʳİնȥĵط֪洦ûʳǮȴ˻ڵʳ
·ֶ֮߳ƽǾͳǿˡ
ٲȴֱߵ˼ң׸ǿյģǰ²ǮǿǴɱˣȴûлʱǮʳ
ץҪôǱģҪôڴģòԶΪϤˣ֪һ˭
½Ұǿͷʾˣǿ
һգһ˼ң͹ǿһСȫɱҵʳˡ
أˣΪǱصģǷݵʳȻؼˡһϼҼһڶӣһͻȻгԵˣĳĳҸɻһǰձǿţ
˲ץ鰸꣬ͷ½ҲŲƽǳˡ
һ½ǿҪƽǽճţܾǣ˿ڴ˵ȴһƽǵʳץץɱ
Ⱦ˺½ͷƽǸóʳա
ǮģԹծԸҲԡ
ʱ˵ƽǵʳҲԶԲģضڳǽ꿪ֵأô죿һ
ⲻƽһǵ£֣¡ƽǰ̩ˣ滹һңƽҲŻٵġ
½Ǿһȵɳǣ֣ºг֣һ֣
֣ԺȾ󱯣ʹ޵ǹ²֣ǡΪ
Ҳͷ˲ԣһϷڹзƢһº˾ԵĹףȴڲЩ¡
߶Ǹ֮ӣûһ֮Щ˴Żؼңȴʯ󺣡
ֵͷЩôϷǰأ
֣ûͷɱˡ½ǾԷݵ֣С
ֻϧѵȥԶûǰ̿ˡ
Ƶ룬֣ᵱ
ϧ½ǵ˲ţȴ
½ڵϵĻѾеңϵˣ½ǵĻȥ֣ҪɱˡҲᵽ½ǵͷȥ˶ֻ֪֣ڴͨ½Ϸû½ǣ֣޲ߡ
ߺ󣬹ٲ֣ܰס½ǵֲϷš
ϡ
½Ҳۿ¸֣ݺݿ˼ͷ̧ͷѪ֮󣬱ص䣡ܷ㵹֣صĵͷ
½ǵӴߣɱ
ǿɱ
ϧ̧ۣۣ֣ˣɱ
֣ߣɱ
½ٴΰȥʹѪɺӣλȹ̣֣֣֮֮ң棬ĳƽǣŴĺϢͷҲصˡ
֣һڵأ䣡䣡䣡
Ҫ½ƽƽͻƽǣ˿첽¹ʱڴĿ
֮ڶ
һ˶½ǵǣһߣ߾û˰
һҲ̾ղ֪ʲôǾͳңһģ
½ϵỹûɣһ٣̾ٸ˵һ˵κ£ȴûˡ˵κ֣յĽЩ̫ԡ
һȰټ֮գҪѹˣ߰ɣٳپͻᱻ˷ˡ


374 ˭ǿ
ɡǰһԼԼ뱤¶˾ġ
Ҫ˹뱤ˡ
ʱһֱڶӣʿðһ, ֳĸǴȺʱ˸ֲ, ǳһ͡ʣµʱ䣬Ҳֻϵ, ͵ضˡ
ļׯҲȥ, ѳһЩʳ
ôһ˵ﶼ, ʱҲǰͶ뱤ϢǵͶʱġ
˵뱤ǵһ洫, ÿһ޳ǽڵصĶǣּ層һ㶼غܶʳ, Ｘ˵ģߴǧʯ
㹻ιµЩˡ
һǶȥһʳ򲻵, 벻òͦգðȥһȫ˽뱤
ʱ˿̣ǧҪһ̼һĿ꣡һǣֻҪʳԵĿꡣ
ڻҰĿĵε, ľɢˡ
ʱ, ڻڵɵʱǧ֧ӳ˹ǵ䵽˳Ǳ
ϵһ£̳ͭӣٵ, л˯еǲȻѣ
ϮеϮ
վʮɽϣűıŵӲ뱤ȥһȺǣܵ뱤ֽ֮Ųãסש
ʿ
Ͷʯͺˡ̾ͶʯͶ͹ޣŻġ
˵ģ˻ǰû˵עǳûǱ뱤УֻҪŴ򿪣ǵ˽ȥʱҿƽʳ
ʵϣȺһȥĳģң뿴ûзз𣬾ζԶбıǽͿȳˣø֮
ǵʬ岻ͣĴӳǽϵǶǽٱìģȻǰ̣ͣϳ塣
˷ųȥķȻá
Ǹкܶ뱤ˣ
ҪȥԣҲȥ˰ɣ
ԺǲǵԼ˵ģֻҪǰ壬ͺԼȥֲԼˣʳҪˡ
Щʼ׹׼ˣͰźõһӴ񱳺ðǼ뱤ķǰ
ûз𡣡뿴˰ʱû뱤ȼ𣬡Թˡ

ڷŻʿ¹ĳǰ壬һߴţɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ڣһԼѮӱŻС۾ֶ֧೤ʱ򣿡
ͺѪ۵׳ˣûб㹻Ĺţֻһʱ
Цһ£ӡ
ɪɪСתݣóһͼֽ빣Ǵ³ĶһͺϲⳭдһЩʫСɣʫͼСһͻ˵Ц
죬һ¡
СտʼЩţ̲סԶĺɱסһ֮ͳڸ׵Ľ֮ˡ
ӽһϵȡһӲС
СûԹһҩζǣʱüǵģͱţǽڻζһζ
С۾Ҳס»
ᣬסСİһ½꣺ȻŮѾѣŲò뿪
֣ɳǣң̨
յĵϸĬ
֣߾ϣ۾˵һ֣Ǹո˯һһ£ֱ˵С˯һλղſʲôۣ
תͷԱߵһˡ
ԥһ̱ӵӼңһ֧ǿˡ
֣ЩҪŻ̶ŵɨӹϵˣ˶ܿߡ
ģ¼ǵһӣѵӶûӳ𣿣֣ʡ
µһҡͷ̾˵ǿ̫࣬ӼҵĻ˱裬ʹСһԾˡ
찡֣̾ס
϶ʱҲ
˶ĵġ
ӼҾȻһں֮ڵǿƼţоСϳƾ˵췽ҹ̷
ݣݺ
֣޹ˣĨһᣬʵµλµ񣬲Ӽ֮ˣгһգȼҲӼҵĲ·кĿȥϵۣȥڣ
ϻأ½Ǹ֣ɱɱ½ڵϸ״Ǽ̣Ҵۿۣѵɱ
ʵ⼸̶һҵģȫպҲ֣Ĵˣеʡ֣СʱҪɣʱ̫ƣ˼˽С֣ҹĿϣܴ򶯼˵ģΪӡ
֣֪Уһ͸˶ÿҪӣٵһӡ
֪֣ۻǵʱϵ˶Ͼʱշֶ¡ûһԸ֣ӣокҵ̫ү
ʱ֣ףȥǿһֱܵòˡ
׵Ĺڳ˺üϳʱ֣ý
ûʱûȥ족֣֮λԺҲֻ£Ϊ
ҪǸǰɱ˺̵ĹܼңţǸʮ̫ү͸ϵ
̫ѿˡѿĲǺңһСС֮£Ҳֵĵɱ𣿱˻˵ҪǴԺʾһ䣬Լͻ˰ˡ
ʱ֣ҲֻܶԺҿ䣬ٰ˷ˡ
½˵ģһɱˣڶɱġ
֣Умε֣׬࣬ҲҪеʳһ֣գϽµĴׯҲеĵİİʳҪǰʳȫһ
ֶˣҲ֣״ԭס
ɱһҲ֣
֣һܵ˵ķԡߵ˼ηе֮һ֣߱߱
£¶˷ˡ
֮⣬֣˺ǿɱ֮޷
ԸеһãҪɱЩ֣˵ʳ͵ȥĶ̣ҪɱЩ֣˼ǿ
ϵ˶վ֣ΰݣӦԸΪնɱͽ
Ӽ뱤Ѿţؽеʳ˳ԴԴ˳ȥ
Ժһĸӣ˰ǰ󣬴ʿҴ뿪ˡ
ǻ޴ȥֻܻص֮ǰ·ĻĴ
Ƕܹˣֻʣ¼ݡ
ʿҵչӳԣûȲ
ͷʮɢȥˣʳҲصĶˡ
ݲݳԹһٺ뿪˴˵أҹȥ
ߵĺܼʱʮ̽ر˵Ӽ뱤ȥǿɱˡ
Ȼˡ
˵ӣΪһǻǷֿɡ
ͷôɡ
߷ֱٶӵ··һѧҹӡǧ˻ķߡ
һ㱻˷֣Ҳ˻Ӽ뱤ı˵ȫҲЩǱ֮У̽Ϣ
вײһӾ߶̱ӣûһʺã³ӭĸƣôˣͼٳԼκˡ
κˣЦδ̸մ
ҡЦС룬֮롣ǰˡ
ҲԱţȻȥͣȻûѵȺǣҰ̫࣬Ҽɨƽ˴ҰӲҼԵգһƬҰٳҲü
Ȼˡ
ĳЩ˵Ķȥһ·ϣȻһӶӵĶ߮ץڡ᾵ǿѺ⡣
Ѿۣͷݳ˼һƬĵض˺ɫݶǺڵġ
Ǹ˵ɱˣЩǿɱ⣬Ͳٵˣ


375 Դϲ
뱻˳ǣڸʿ̹ر˳, ƻ轵, һʧڵƽ£ڵĻҰ, ֲָ
ԶĲݴ, ͻȻðǵɫĹ, ƮƮ, ΧͷۣƮ
ǽϵһ˯źжǰҲǿͷ, ǻ߿ޱǰѵȥˣΪ, һû˵ĲӣڶϣǸű߿˰죬Ѫk, յ, ȵģѪζҲڵġ
֮һֱһĻ
һϱ˰ϥڳǶ٣ʲôأ
˶µСйһָ, ϱҲڵĻҰǵ㡢ʱʱĹЦǡ
վֱˣǣ¿̫Զʲô壬һ¹Ŀһ
ǣм
ϱ̾ƬǶ۵ˣЩıúܣζˡ
˺һ׹סŻǡڳͷ
ھǱԶһɽ±Ĳݴ˴Ӳݴ˳
һӺӭ濴ԼĶ顣
Ϊ׵һǰȭ˱ӭȥˡ
ȥˣſסĴӣߵԬϲҲѺԣ˿ˣ֮ǰɹȥͲˣЩͻȻ˸߹Ůһ۵ġ
û뵽Ǹ˾Ȼӭ˳ǣɽ첻ˣͲǺӳһйϴʰȻͷɾһһѺúӣ
Ԭϲ󽫾ǶǸˣЩǲ֪ô£˽ȥѲߣ֣˵˾ҪʣҰ˾Ҫץ
أ󽫾˵ˣǴùʹ򣬴򲻹ܡ°ͣ˵ˣǱǲǸ
Ԭϲһ֪ʲôæ󽫾Ŵ˵˲Ҫʲô
컹ȥ˸յֵֻôͷǸʲô
Ԭϲǡ˹ʱǵæ
죺һ򣿡
ԬϲҡͷǰΧסԼ򡣡
󽫾˼ף̶£ȥɣôҲãǵǱ֤˺֣һֱȥʲôʱǲˣٳ
뱻˴Уܿ챻뵽˳ס
ߴƼȣòŮ顣
Ȼ⣬о֪ᶦ֮ˣ
ô֪ģ
ǲɡ³֣᣿ϢŻ¶ţҲȻǶдúܺãΪ̫ˣ
һˣ
ӣҵȻȥɣһĵֻҪصСһпɱȫ
ҡͷٿ
һЩ˹أٸҵô죿ǧ˿Ҿĵһ֧ȫǹ֣ճȺõýùһɵʮá
ٶҲðգвر٣ôݵģ֣³ǲǰͨЩⶼҪǡ
벻ӦߣҲ޿κΣֻڴ˴ԳԺȴöõģҲѰ
ǾȥˣֻҪǲ̰Ķȥ
Ҳˡд
ÿ춼죬̸ʫʣ飬̸ЦԸϣ֮ÿ춼š
ڳκ˲Ǻ˵֪ǰиκڣܸ׵ãװκ£Ҳѧϰκ˰ģ
߰죬ƺȷκˣʣδֵ֪֣뷷Щʲô
ʲô֣ȻǷˡ
ЩʳϡҡͷЦδ֮ԾС
˵ĳԸһ֮
ţ
ȻǸˣʳ
ǡ˵ʲôأ
붼Լôõ·һߣͱ˴سǣ˼첻֪ƵĶҪʳ
ⲻôİ
ӻɣͷŻľܾ
ʣһμ棬Ϊң֪˭ˡҵʳǳɣ²һ˻˵Ҫ
ΪɵӰ㣡
غ
ڳŵļƣȥһ֡
˾͸ˣҪʳ롣
治ˣǺԵʣ粻ֱ棬ˡĳܴӦá֪˵κѧʶ˽ΪּҲκҡ
Ծһ£Ϊԡκࡱ
˸ƶˣЦĳҲǶĿ㣬˵κһЩСˣʳⷿԲŴ󵨲²⣬ֵ⡭
һϢĿ˼Ƭ̺󣬵ͷȻˣҲˡʳۼΣʱܸң
˵õϢһκˣ֣
ڶκ˼ʳ
˲Ż˵κ˾ģ
Ϊǻʵġҡ
̸⣬˼Ǯ˳ʲôۣ붼һڴӦƺôˬҲϡ
ȻǮҪȥǮʳ
˵˾͹ʯ͵Ƕ𡣡
ҲıʾֻҪȥ٣°ߡ
ԸʣȻһо͸ûˡ
˵Ը˻ȥţ͵ʯǿЩǮ
ʯʱоⱩ䣬ɫ͹Ȼ¶ϲɫǹܸɣЩʳͿԷˣ
ͷٴЩǮ
ǮȻûеġ
͸ǵЩֻģǼҲԶԶʯ
ǰʯҪٽ𣬿˾Ȼǧʾ۸ѾܡԿˣΪһǰʯʳ۸Ѿǧٽ
Ϊ֣ŭǲ뾡Ѳֿжʳʡñץסѱý
ϾжЩؽʲôʳͺѽǴˡ
Ԭϲÿ̽һȥǱһȥô˳
ǱΪɱòˣ̽Σգһͱеʿǿɱˡ
ҪһطӪ̽Ҳҿֲ̫ܸҲǸþƣ
ܿ죬ǾкϢˡ
Ѻȥģһ٣ʡ
峵߰ʯɡ̽
ǾֱȥˣԬϲʣ˺֣˽ˣ̽ҡͷǵûУֻһٶ˳ˣǻ⽨˸Ӫ
ʱ׹թԬϲͷţ֣ϵˣ
ֻٹ죬˾ҪƳˡ
Ȼպһҹдͻ𣡼£Ŷ˽ȥǳΪһƬѪ
Ԭϲڳ⣬˽ȥٿЮսƷ뿪
ͷβǶûг֡
Ҳ߰ɡ
Ԭϲȵȣǲȥһѣ
õĻᣡҲûзѾˣǴ˽ȥսپٶ׬İ
ûԥþ͵ͷˣ˵ӣû٣ʹʹĽȥɨһֻˡ
ԺԬϲſ˵ҿԺǾ͸˺棬ȥǽȥ
Цкβɣ
˶ơ
ٴιʼʩκ֮ǳأӦ֮ʣһͻȻ֣Ѹˡ
÷裬ɵѣղǻ˵Ķ飬³󽫾Ҳòᣬͷһ·ǿ֣ˣ಻һʮˣʣĶһ˽һ˵Ҳǧࡣ
̫࣬˲ݡ
˶֣ˣ
֣Ĵ֣ĴأֻҪʳգܾۼ˵ǵľūʱǰ棬Ҳܵһܡ
ֻ࣬а˰ٶˡ
Ҫˡ
ϵĲѾƣɪɪ
ˡ
֣ڹɴΪʱô⡣
쵽ˣǿֻԽԽࡣڸǿʼץǿЩǿҲиĸжŮˣǰֻһʳڣڱƵֻȥƴˡ
ֻҪ˺һЩ˾ۼһһ㶼֡
һǰڵϿޣһºǵʱЩ޵ޡ
ߡ
֣żˡǿ׶ǾɱˣҲΪ
˵
֣ҡͷ²
˵˵мƿɽ֮ǡ
֣Ц׼Ƶ˶úܣһ³⣡ȥ֣˵˵ΪԹ˵ΪʱԸ³̸һ̸ˡ
֣Ժ󣬳˼Ƭ̣ûȥαˡ
α֣ٻƲȥȥС˵ȥɡ³ڴӦûӦˡ
׸³ʳʳ³Ȼá
ҲҪҧףƽϢڵԹһҾ֣һĽͣźü¼ʷˡ
³ҪʳˣȻʳҲǮ֣һ⡣
Դϲ


376 ֮
ֳܷѾһˣǼ
ǹⲻ, û취йٶĳû, йǰôΧʿӻЦòϳ, ȻФ빫
׷ժǹ˺ܶ, , ҲƽͷգеԳò, еĳúãʱйΧתһ־ͻᱻץ, Ϻʾڣȥɿһ, йǰһ׮¡
³˶ֵÿʿԲѧ׷԰׷ⲻ˵³һλɾ֮
Ͷ˻ᱻٰޣ󰮵ȻҲᱻ˲Ŀ, ܷ̫, ϣҲǮҹӵô׷ܾ󣬾Ȼؼҵ·ڲ࣬㡰ѵ
ܷȴ˵Ѿжʱ䲻, ˵ľģԶģҲ˵Ǳ԰ˣ˵³裬ɵ³ġ
˵̳Ψһŵľǣɲڡ
ܷɵۡʶȫһٳɣˣʶ굹ǻмСͯЩҲһ֪
ֻʣһɵ취дһƪ£ͶȻܼˡ
ܷǱԸѧ£û뵽뿪󶼿뱲ûĥˣҪдһƪĺģҪһˣҪһ굽йȥ̫۱˼ס̫ˣ
̤࣬Ϊе׳ˡ
סйгԱһһ˼ҡеһӡխСΧȫʿӣҲƵҹǳͷۡ
⸽ľ඼ѼĲ񷿡ǷʿǻһǮãе˼һ䣬ʲôĥϡ
ܷһ䣬ҵ˾סһںԵĶԱġ
ҲԹܳԷҪ͸߼ۡڼʡڴտյʿӶԼиģԼˡ
ܷҲ˸Ϊջصֳг˸תͷгʲôУ
մ֣ټϼκܵ˵Ҳ߹طżгʲô
гһļ˵رĵطÿ춼šѾܲˡһĳǳأ޲ɹֻܵȹǰǼ죬ƽʱмҸģģҲšΪͺãͼľһʡ£Ȼһأǲ̫Ǯ
ģ˹꣬˭·ҲֻڰױʱҪӣһҪһõģƽʱҲҪ
ģˣǮŻŴԽ
ȵȡ
гһֱζһֱһֱԸ⿪š
ˣһֻһ̣һҴģһҽ̣һҲꡭˣ״ܣҲûô⡣
һֵĴ̣
һֵḶ̌
һг̣
֣ʳܷǾãѾˡ
Щǹʱֵģôֵģ֣һ֣ڸ˳أûи³
ܷǾõ֮һ⡣
ڡ
ӿ˳мȥںƳĻƹΧôˣ˷һͣ˵ѽడడ
ܷǧĲŰʳֻгʲôУûסһѼ˵ǹӵϼĵ
ϳԷʱÿţԲˣζǲ
ϸϸƷζһտڸɳһţζǳ
Ѱϵֽ̾ȥɡ
Ͷܲаɡ
ڶһ磬ܷǾԡһõ·ϸϸͷȷԼһʧ֮űֽȥйˡ
һйǰͶ˺ܶ࣬峿й˾ͻͶˡ
̫ûվȺУ˴硣
ԽԽˡ
峿ϣġ
콥ܷǿߵ޲ǰֽղڻУʪǵļѾʪ͸ˣͷҲϸС顣
ں̵ܶʱֽѾˡľ빣ĺôԶ׼ˡҶĳЩ˵׾ӵּֽϻ᲻ôۣīдҲԶȿɡ
Ҳԣֽûľ빽ʵõľ빺úôŵĻ겻ֽ࣬빱ˮһ군ˡ
ںܶ˶ֽΪƶ֮޵٩֮⡣
ܷǿһȦľ빵ʮ֮һֽȴųɡ
ƶ֮鴫
ֽƵ츣ˡ
Ͷ߶úõĵǼסַ˵ΪͶ飬ȴûȴ̸ʱҲˣֳǵĴЦ
ӦòͶдˡ
ͯͶʿӵǼǵġ¡Ȼ̡
ԣֽͯдĶǶͯʲôģҲû˱Թ
ֵܷˣǰͿıֺͼ᣺ܷǣСӣ̳ˡ
Ȼܲ˵Ŀͯдȱ첲ȡ
ǹĶ֣ͯרΪ˸ͯõģѧ
ܾãⲻڶ⣬ǽŶ¡
һ¹ггнֵıƣÿһ̼ҵ̻֣ȫǺ۵Ķͯ֡
Ծǣϵ˽ϵóͯд̽ʲô¿˲֪ǰָ˵Ҽң»ֱҸüǮĸˣӦúúã
һǰƾǸġȡ֣ĸ㣬һĿڣ˼ǰʳԽ
ⶼȥѧֵСͯǱģǳһѷĳ嵽һҵſڣָĵͣ׳ȥȻôЦһѷܵ
ܸͨǰƣôһϵ˲Ƕ
Ҫκֱֵдһʫ贫ˣǶôõĻ氡ⲻ֮
˶ʶĶ֣˶Ǳѧ֮ʿСνִвͯµ
³
ܷǼֶʣ֮󣬸һԱĿֻš
빫Լ֮󣬲Źȥ˼ꣿ³ô˲ͬأ
ڵ̸ܸͬ
йУͶ¼п˵֡
ÿյͶ͵ı۴ṩزģ
ЩʿûбĺñˣÿյͶͷʱðһЩʶĶϻǾΪүû۾ʮ죬ȷͥǶ˼ҲүԼɴҲȥŽϰû͵ӦиרŵĹԱү˼
Ǹְ֣λλкͳһˡ
˵ɴ˵ġϡ٣˷ȥһƽʱԶݰݡ
ȥܹӡͶ˵


377 ʼ
겻߶Ѵ
ܷǼеĹһ, ȴСŮ, װһ˿ЦĲпᣬʱժǹε³Ԫĺ, СĿȾĶ̵Ȩı, Բų
Զ, ժǹصֳǺײ, һֻȨƣȨƵ˭Ҹ, ᱻɵˡ
Ȼժǹصֳǲһ꣬³Ȼ
ڿǸνĴ̫Ҳժǹе, Ҫ
ǰժǹЩһͷ㷢ü۾, ʡ, ǳЦӣŮ˵͵
ܴˣΥˣһֻ֣Цк
ܷȴС, ǰ£Ȳʩһǰдΰݡ
ܹӣ̫ˡЦ
ҵ֣꣬ҹ˹ܷǵͷ
ܹǵҳ𣿡
ܷǵǲ⹫εĻλֻͷûµĵ
Ѿ̳ǶԼʱˡһ³һӣ޴ֻιǵþ顣

ܷǻûվȻҲû׼λ
ĬƬ̣ʣ֣˵κǮ֣ʹκˣ
㲻κΣκΡ
ܷɫ䣬֣ûʲôκֵഺ껪ѵˣ
˵κӭȢŮˣѾӡһʧһ̫ӣκΪ˰ȻҪ¶ӡ
ٶȻ治˵ϢеĳӼκϲ˵ʧٵ̫ӣȷ̫ӵݡ
ӱܷǴӹдʱǸ˵Ӥⶼܿó̫ӣκļá
ϣպ󲻻˵ӡ
ܷ׹˼ˣΪȥκҲе
Ȼ֧еİӣκѾµĶӣԽµİӻмָ飬ͺ˵ˡ
ܷҲ˵Ѱи
ʱԽ԰Խ
ʱѰͳΪ˰ӺãºӦøκѶϢ֪ӻţΪ̫ӡѾˡ
κΪ˰Ϊ̫ӣ̫ǲģ̫ѡκߡ
ȰӳκҪݣԼõ̫ںδϣκԼʧˡ
һӻûȥѾκκ̫ӵĵˡ
²˳٣ҪͰӹһлüκѾ̫ѡСѱ棬ӻһ֮
οţСκǹ꣬ǶԽ뷨Ӷ˵мֵ
ܷǴ⣬ȴܶԹѯʰںδȻ빫ཻȴ֪ԡ°𣬰оκȨ
ǾĸԸͻӵġ
ֲܷǻͦᳳܵġԣӦ˵Ǳۡƿκжӵ²ᣬֻ˵֮ȻһĲ˵³Ҫô֣ȴκˣﰵ˵³κˣˡ
ˡ
ߺ󣬹Ӻ澪֮ɫôˣǸˣȴ¡ҶԹ˵ˣܲɣ
˭ʡ
κˡԼȥ֣ˡ
κǮǴ֣ƻ𣿡
һ˵䣬һ߿˵ڣⲻ
ҡͷϣܷǰԼĳӣκĳӣڿܷڹؼʱ̻ѡκǰӡ
㿴˵
Ȼȥɣ°šֱԵ
һ㶣ɴʩһ񣬸ˡ
Ժ˶Źһ˵ǳȥˣ˰ҹûлڶҲûлֱȷţѽɳȥˡ
ġšأ
̽ܿͿסˡص£ǲҪȥ̽ĺá
ֺѾһС˳С
ڴ˵ؾӴﰲ仧˵γǣ˵ǽǡﵽ⣬ϵ£ȫˡ
ﲻ˽УʼԺӲʩѸҲ䣬ԭ˽еȫ˻˽
ֺ˵ְҵȡΡΡΡΡһ׹򣬶ֺϱɵġ
Ȼꡣ
ֺ˲࣬ʼϰ
ʼסڳԱ߹ڣȻǽ䣬󽫾Ҳǽ䣬䶼ǽһ˵ΣƽʱֺϡһУʼ͵ġ
ǼνʼʱЩΪϴˡ޲԰ף湵ֵ˾ǹ书ԱʼΪǸ׳꺺ӡ
ʼȻûǣȴһ۾϶ǹ֮ˡʼƵ
˵ʼ뽪ǽš
ҹͣϵֺϣ糾
ʼסķ׼ϴԡĶһ˵
ʱһͷһǱкһߺһ߳ܽͣüϸ˵ʼеǲˣҪ⣡
ʼЦ࣬񣬿硣
ǴкӽͶƣûκҲûк̫ӼΪƵһ˫ϸüĿʱ֪˭ˡ
кʼһѾվֱ˶ĶŽһҾ硣ȻĴ
ʼȻȥϴȻٹˣһһ÷
к͹ؾصĸˡ
ߺʼŵСʱҴ֪ͱ˵Ҳʱȡģϣ׳
Ǽʣ밮ӸĽֻǲ֪лżֹ֮Բ˵ģȴҪ𣿡
ʼֿɬʱҴҸ뿪뱣֮꣬ķĿɳ𣬵
ʱڣߵʱ湫ֳǡֻǹĽˡ
ȥѡԴֻѡʤܡţȨգԹƴӡ
ѡѾ˴𰸡
ڹ³һ壬Ϊѣ壬ʹࡣ
ڹ³
ȸжڹİԼеĶҡ
ӴԺҲ־ˡ
ʼƽֻй
˶ƬƬ̺󣬽ǵˣ˲Ҫ֡ʼ˵Ӹûȥˡ
ʼһ̾˶꣬ڵһˡ


378 ֹϵù
ֺСȴϸĵȼƶ, ڽһʼֺҵĺ, õļƲֺɱֱڴҲѪ
Ȼ, ȫûн׼, ʿ˽׼, Ҳȥͨ͡գôķʽֺ, ˳ֺ߲ûл̷, ûзűֻһΥߣ
ʼԺ, վӵԱеĹԱоְáԼ, имƵľְ
ֺȻһ֮, ȴΥĶͽ
Ҫ뿪ˣʼЩǣ֪Ժֺϻʲô
мǰ̳ǵĪԾŸ, ȥˣǡ
Ī˵ڿԻֳˡ
ִһǣʼֳǣ»ȥԺֻڹеһˣڳιԱҲص硣
ĪҲһɡ
ĪԵĹ˶ȥ
ǵȻġ
̳ǺֺϣһϣĸСҪǻȥǾһǵְλ
ʼΪˣҡͷҲǡ
ʼǲǡң
˵ŲҴ⹫⣬ʮֿشˣһкҪҪиˡ
ѵ氢ӻκ
ʼĵ̾˿Ȼ밢ΪΪжӣҲ˼Сʼһֽ磬Ǿǰκ̫ӣ³ˣǹˡ
氢ӻκҲֻܴӦˡ
ǵˣҪ½ۡǺܾˣҿԹ˵ǲ氢뿪ġܼ򵥣ΪԹԣʼԶԶһκ̫Ҫ
ͷˣڹĿУһ֮ϵġֻе̫ˣԵú顣ʵϣֻҪģúñ棬㲻˺
ʱáڹУͽ̫Ӹؼ֡
ʼĻǾ壬صûеƣֻ¯ӣ¯ᵽ⣬Ŵϣϴ׼˯˭֪һƱӣ档
۾һֻֽŵС̵̹Ķ˶Դ
࣬һѣл˵ʼٸ̸ʱһǱǰ֪ԽԽáǰǺ
ӿֺϵһСӣ̤ϻκ·ʱͱҪһκ̫һȥ˼⣬ȥ⡣
ûСʱ䣬Ҳ˸ɳĻᡣ

Ӻ֪ǡΪСͰˡ
κ̫ӣκĶӣĸǽš³³ժǹĸͬĸá
ĸκ̫Ⱥش֮ʱиһκ͵³ժǹ
ЩСͱġûл͵СӿԲȥץֻ֪ϰ䡢١顭
Ҳ֮ӣ˵ûʱ˷ѣҪ̵ʱѧһѧĶЩԶԶ
˶ܻȥ˵
ԣκʱ̧ͷڻĵҪȥ𣿡
šʼӲκй£һֱѰӵһһϣܿ㳤廹δһҪĳ
κӵĸ鲻̫Ҳôѡ̫ӵѡͻССҲѾ׷Ϊ̫ӣ˷ţڻȥȻ̫ӡκѡһٻȥ̫ˡ
ĵͷʼ̵ܿ뵽һ⣺ôȥأ
ʼ˵ԭĴǰ͵ɽκ˳
ӣڲȥ𣿡ʼͷˣǹġ
̱ѹ־ϲʣĸĸˣĸһȥҪҪȥֳǼĸ
ȻûĸӶİڵĽУĸԾáö֮ĸĸ׸öãԶ뿪³Ǹʲôκȥˡ
֪ȥ˵ΣκǣĸҲǣ˶֪ĸµĶӣһκһ֪ˡ
ĸҲûа
뵱κ
ʼػУñӹסЦǣǹˡһʧڿб䣬аţ㰢Ǹǰ͸š
ӴСֺ֪Ǿ򣬾Ȼкܶ˽ֻгףܵڳڳǵһݣһƬߣһһֻܷ֡
ⶼΪ˱
ڻȥĸ᲻˱ңʡ
ʼͷ࣬Ҹ߹㣬ҪԼԼ
æͷҼǵõģһᱣԼ
ʼŵͷһԴ˵һаŵġҿعˣӦþǱʹġ
ˣĸԸ𣿡
ǣҲܲǡʼ˵һȷţܰƽ͵κǰ㲻ǷģֻҪרעĿľˡ
ӵͷҶĸôġвġ
عԺ󣬹Ӧûٽ֪£˵κǰ취ʾһ׽֮⡣ǷܲҪֻҪǵãҪʱһ
ӵͷһᵯҲ裬Ϸһһָ˿ġ
㵽κֻһˣκʼ˵ʲôʲôϣʲôʲôϣТ˳Т˳ϣųųϣĿˣҪĿˡ
ӶһлûʵУʼĻȴʼժǹĹ¡
صĵͷţֻκܸȨ
㵸˵һĸһٰǶȥѣ˶֪Һܺ˵˵ĻֻҪͨҵ·һж⣡
ʼСһеһϷصκֱ˵ĵ֪ܱܲ˿̵Ц
ֳǣй
վһ޴ֽǰƺֽ빣ԽԽãǽϵĿǰΪֹֽ빣ƽһͣûн
Ȼһ£ԼһԼһס
ֽ빱ŵˢۺѩѩ׵ģսŻϸۺ񻹻˽ۡ
ãչʹˣֳǡйǡˮԼˮͨ޺ͽޡ
Ż˰³ĵͼɡ
ûеȱߵͼǺܶġѾ˳ӣ˼ʽãԺܵĵͼ⡣
ѾھˣλһǧʯҪˡ
ܷѾˡףվֽǰȥֻһ
ܷġΪģ㷢ڸ
һˣȻǹģ
һģ
һǹⲵġȻҵֻе֪߶ʲô
ʣµ˵˽йıƾٵǰȥҡ
ЩצȫԺŸⲣʾȥЩҼӹ˶磬ֳû˽󣬵Щ֮ˡ
űȥˣ··ˣҪ𣿡ץŶ
·׬Ǯܿ죬ޱȻǻܻʱһƳȥ׾ˣ罪һľˣʣµĶԼĲӹӲģôȴֳܴǵҶѧˡ
ѾˣΪĳ𣿡֪ǲеģĿʹ״УͿʼˡ
ͷһۣ赭дûʲôκ̫ӣڸκ̫ӹˡ



κ̫ӣ
κ̫ӣ
һʱ֪ϦǺϦӦʣʱʱʲôʱκ̫ģ
ͷҲûأмˣ̳ʱˡ
Ժͷһξһ㶼
̳ʱȻ취õκ̫ӣסκ˲ܷǡ˵ʮꡪǰ֣Ϊ䡣
㵽ʮʮ¡ˣһ㶼֡
ڰеĴׯȥˣЦתͷԹ˵쿴Ѿôׯˣ
ǰֽϴֳǵǣӷǵˮ·ʮٸСׯ
ЩׯСֻʮʮǶһ壬һϣɴ塣
ǶԼģȻģ
ǹڽô֮ĵһ
һƬɫ֮أһ죬ᴦǱæİա
ǵ󡣡̾Ժʵֵġ
Ծò𣿡ֳôˣ֮궼ûм
ŵĶЦ˵Χ͸ǰȫĵط
û˼˵һֳʱ·ʮһׯûʱ;³Ҫˡ
Ƕ³ĶûС
Ŀûоͷ
ЦԼǡκ֮£ʲôԸҪĳȥ𣿡
ôϣ
κ̫Ӳô𣿲κʲô𣿽۹㣬Ÿɡˣдһȥǹġ
㾹Ȼû˿ʣֽĥīʣдʲô
Ƭ̣͵Ǹ̰ĽٵĹѽȹ֮Դǹǳֱס
ͷ𸹸壬ʣʲôҪԽ˵ģ
͸˵ôõĶӣǮ
ۿ۶һǳɺ󣬸
߿մã
ЦĳԺһֱõġ
ʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
㣺ĳĵġ
鷳һӦ֣ѵҪý۾ɭ
㣺


379 ô
ΪܡųˡĻѾ˹Ҵµĳ̶ˡ
ȻһûʽĹ, ̫С, ȵ鶴ٻҪʮ꣬ʱ̫, ܹҸ, ƤѾ, ֱӶ˵ѡС, ഺò֣һȢǺðİ
Ǹ˵, ֻҪ뵽һ˯ڼﶼ˯ž
⵱Ȼѧ汾ͨ׻⣬Ե˵ʲô, ûѧ˼ֻܻҪ˵λˣĻе, »úÿǡ
, ¼ˡ

ȵȡ
Ȼûˣɽɰ׻ڽǲڣʱȥ齪ˡ
ΪǶԽ˵ֻǵӡ
ѽɳȥ, Ȼʧ˺ü˵Ժֻǰݴǡ
˵춼˯ˡ
˽ڶڹĵĵ˹ǽˡ
Ȼ䲻ֳǣĽȻÿ춼ܽӵͰа˳ǴӺСź˵ġ
˺Ů׼ջһ࣬յŵг裬䵱ȻҲյŵŮ
ڽ䲻ʱפڽûʸ潪ؾ˵ģյŮȼ˻ʱҰ¸ֲڣֻø˵ˡ
ҲҸ˵Ͱ

Ҫһ֮ڽĴĸҪýĽ飨ǲͬģ𽫾ŵ֪ԤѾһŵг軹ˡ
Ȼû
ȴ˵йֲʵҥԡ
Ϊʲôʡ
Ī⣺Ϊ׹Ӳϵٸɡ
ȻûдȻҲû鲻á
ֻǽƺʾһ¡ûнǸʱ򡪡Լʾġ
ӽʾ
˵»ûȢޣΪ˲ģ
ʱҲûĻˡ
Ȼ󣬽ˣر˵Χתһ죬Ȼû˵һ仰˼ԡ
ЦҪҪ߸ʲôġڻûѩҲûйδ磬Ҹ̫ĺһҲǺܺõ˶
ֹѾµĽ˻ˣȥʮɣ׼
еʮˣȴʮĸ
԰Եˡ
԰ںܲ˻ӭرʮС
ʮĸǿʵѧŵٵģ԰ʲôһѣ
ƫƫ϶żӣӶҪõˣҪʲôܲɫ
ǰСЩһװ׵ӣҾ;ʢһʱܲɫˣҲ⡣
ûʱתרСıմٸؾܹһˣʲô
Թ尡
԰һӳˡš
һԾԱ磬٣ѡڴʱʮһ֡
ˡ
нȴð԰ʼѧˡѧԼĳˣȻô˵ܻ˺飬ΨһĳͨɾʣŮһۿϲģֻҪԸ⣬ϲǿܶµġ
ǰɱ˰ɫƽȥ
Լ
һܴĽ˼ת䣬кܶ˾Ϳת֮ǰֱԼת
԰ʮŵĵ£Ȼתˡ
Ȥˣʹ㣬뵱𣿡
Ǹ˲Ű
ܾҾϺСͬΪ
Щϧ˲ţ£ָʹ𣿽žҪ˵һҪһأҲģģ
Լҵ˳ʲôԼ̡
㻹ҡͷû취ðɣ壬˷߿ϧҸɰɣþͶá
ʱǡһȥ죬ȻҾ
֮ǰΪ֣Ϣ췽Ѿ˸ųȥˣȻɹװѾûˡ˸ˡ
ֻٲҪȥ˵ûˣɾǰɡ
ҪڹǰһϢйȥֳǶˣ
ҶҪһЩ֡ڼ̻ˣڵ̯ԽԽˣɼġ
ǡڴʱȺ֮Ⱥ֮룬һôõĴ
Ҳѳôһ㣬˴˸򳡴̨һȦһ׶޳ʾͼһȦȦߵλȵȣľ˵һֻھͿԴ꣬ǰľ׼Ҫһʱ䡣
Ҫǡ١
򳡾͡١ˣʱʮ죬һǧľͰ˰
ȥгϰӳŵؼһ·ϣÿһ˶˵ҪǸ򳡡жôɶ칤
ȥǸȷʵȷʵʺô棬ΧĹڣÿһҲܿڵΡ
Ҫ˵ʵǹһֱסڸ¥ϣ԰ժ¥һ¶ѡ
˵û򳡻˶Ǯ˶ľϣ
ⲻԾġ
Ǵӹ˵Ҫ쵽ɾͻʮ졣
ô๤ôľϣ¡ʱڣˮѾҪͣ˵ڣȻһҹ֮ͳֳǵгУ
Ƕôµһ£
Щ˵˵
Ҫأǽ󽫾Ҫսأ칭쵶ǹ
ʮжټսֳͣǳ⣿
롣
ȥֳѾʮˣЩѾٳΪʼֳⰲ仧
ж׳ꡣ
һս·ֳֻһʮ
Ƕһ
ԽãԹԽǰɴûѹû뵽˾Ȼιģ
ԣǰݷʱͱһֵͷԡ
д˴񣿡վ⣬һ㲻˵ߵӡ
֮ţǰǵˡ̾
һЦݡ
ƣʼø
һ󣬴Ŷˡ˶ʱûϽϳôȻǺһģϵڲ͵ĴԼҵϳԲ˳ĻĶһ⣬˵ʹԼҾǱ˵ġͣҪңǣóķ
ǸһĴ̫ãֻҪԼҶ䵽³
һһߵͷţ˵ĶԣȻҪˣ֣û£֪֣ǲǴƤ̸꣬
ѹҴ֣ѾҪˣҪ³ҪǮ
٣ʡ
˵ֹܻǮ¡֣鷳֪ܶ࣬ɣȻˡ
״ô£


380 ۱
ȥһƵǺϢϢ˻
֮ǰ֣, ˵ʵڵ, û̫ϣϣܸ֣һ鷳ûܴʲô
˻ó˵ˡ
˵, º˳µı֣˽ˡΪ֣Ǽ, 򲻵㹻ʳ, ԾͻΪˣ֮
ĵĶ, мֽţԼҴǧ֣, ס֣ǿԼзһԣĿں, Ǻɨǣްܼ
ûܹһš
ŰҼǵùǽˣùʹ, 򲻹𣿡һ򲻹, ǰӢ۰ûУܵÿѸˡ
ãȻˣԲôͨޣ
ҡͷǲ֪
˵һͻȻ֣ʮֿɶʱɳѣͽʮΧǣ, Ͳߡ
ʱֻΪ㣬һͷһӵ󵽳ǳ뱤С䣬רڳſڣרˣԺͰѿճӲ֪ƵҪͻسС
һΣ֪뻹ǽ˳ĵӣȻҵĳһҵأȻ͹Ȼ˽ӵžˣҪɱ⣬Щת˸һɶëûץ
֣֣Ұȸֵ󼯺ϣץסһ㲻ץʲô·
Դӣ֣Ҳ֪Ǻá
ǻһս֮СֻˣıߵĴүֻܸᶼᡰ֡
ͻȻһ£粻еҶǮһҲеĳǶ
תͷʹ㣺³жٳûбģ
㲻ô֣Ȥ³ֻʾͽս֪ԺΪ
ڻڲ룬һδɣ͵Ҵýڸפ
ô࣬פһǵıȻҪսȵĹͿԷһˡ
һ𣬿ɼƣǳеĹԱػ׺ܶࡣ
㲻һһĹԱȥӦҲѡ
ţʣһֱԹڸǶֽţܲһʣøǱʲôأʲô
ȻǶĻ
վ޴ֽ빣ǵĳǳأмսأֻ࣬ǱĶս
㿴Źָڵͼϻӱɳǡֺϣֳǡǡˮ֮ǰ븾
ͨӱϵһߣмĳǳǡ
߹ȥʣմմˮǰֵ߸㡣
سǡǡտˮɽ±ʣЦɽǵϧ꿼죬Ϊˡ
˾ڶ̫ƽ١̫ƽЩүĻţ˼Ǳ̫ƽĹ١Ϊϧɱ˹١
Ҳڸѡʱŷ³˵ĹƶѾǳˡԽС٣ԽǷֹȷ
ͨ׵˵ϧר̷Ĺ٣ᵽϺȥɿصͷңǵţҲҪѲƤ
һ㶼ֱŽųȥûֱŽֱųȥġ
Ļطһףһʼ򣬿϶ҪһģȾȶŻϧǶϰһңҼӸɿ
ûǰǸңǸԤġ
ʱָʾǣ˷»ȥɿĵزͳңɿ˾ͳȥɿ
ûдץģ϶Уûдеģͬ϶Сǰ޷Ԥֻº
ϼһһЩ̫ƽ٣ǵ³ࣺɵòΣɵòãңɵʮֲãҿͷ
ϧѾһˣٷǻϼңǻĸԸ׸𣿻ɼڲȨء
ʯֻҪֳˣϧһֳǵײСǻĻзɿɳ
׼ľ籾Ǹ磬ϮƪľˣֶˣȨҲˣͲһˡ
˵ȽʱϵԾƣͣȻͿˡ
ǻؼҡѪޡ
Ȼ϶Ϊ½ٹ飬޾ɺá
ŵһ˰ӸӶѡҪôվڼߣ³ΪӣҪôվڴߣԼٵ
˿˵ѡɡ
һҲֻһҰļҡ
ͿפˡŵЩҪôΪĺܣҪôΪǵޡ
Ŀһۡ
Ƿ̫ˣղŻһפӣžúʱפˣֻ۸۸ûҳǳأֱӾбԤԼһݴ͡ȱפȥǮͶˡ
˵Ķԡͷ
ǲԼĺˡ
ʹ㣺ʲôʱ֣
㣺ҿǲȥˡңü˻
Ƿ³Ϊˡ
һ⣬õǹֱֽ½ڣԿ
˵ǹ죬̾ЩԺֵżһһô
㷭˸İۣӵӶ췭ȥˡ
ʵеҪΪͷβеժǹǸŮˣܽй㶯ĵ֡
ˣǰžʧٻ٣
˴ֳǳһ·ûܵ˿ʣˮǺ󣬳˴֣ȥʱڴ⵽ˡ
ǰνˮʱʣն
˱˽еСһʼıЩϹ˭֪ճڣ˾˵˵ѣͶˮȥ
̹ģʵ˵ԼҴˣǻѻ׷Ҽ֮£ɱĳɣ
ǰʱԼϾ͹ˣԼˣٶϳͽ߳ˡ
Ϊ̿򣬲˵ͷԼˣǾͷųȥɡ
˱ͳʱЩţžȻΪϴ˵ԺУ֣Ҳܲġ
ʵ´֮Żֳǣѽصˣ֣С
ÿܽӵһţ˸ϴֱ֣Űݡ
ţֱ˻
ζţ֣³ĴҪȥˡ
ң̨ң
֣Ѿҹ˯þˣÿһ۾Թơ³ĸۻ˵ĳû٣Լκ
Ҫ˵֣һȻκûԼᱻκӱͱһ
ƫƫκңԶζڲȥ
ҲͷöЩˡȥʣϣʹ˵£ܲİϳˡ
˵ûϢĴ³֣һ³ڱķ㣡
Բȸ³ͣҪʳͿ͹ȥ³԰һ
ֻҪûԮ֣۱ѵɱǼˣ
֣а۱ֻ֣֪֪ԼŵĽֻʮˡѾȥˣ֣ĸҴӦ
ƣֻҪûң̨£Ͳɱ
³ʳµǿһ£ھãھ֮У³ѾھӺ̫ˣҪҲǹҪοŮ³У˵³䱦
³úǱ߾һˡ
κκδأ֣Ҳʲģ


381 ˣԳ̹ˣ
Լӵ֣ģٳաܡ
ѡ֣һΪ֣³, ³и紵ݶ, ԼҶܺܿõϢ³׽Լ, ǵõϢһҲܸϽܡ
, Ϊ֣ɢ֣޵жǾ֪, صôƣȨС, ȻҲɹҲǱϳһ㣬Ųòء
֣¶ı, СϹȡһ֮³֣Ҳǡƣơӡ󡪡³һͱ֣ɵˡ
Ҳѡ˵طԼԡ³ɽϡ֣֮󣬳Ƶһ˳
ѡŰҵĳʱ, Լϣ֣߾Ҹطˣ³һ㣬ôϢ
ȴһУֱӽ֣ɳǡ
ǵµȻ̫û졣вû˱Թ, Ҳƫ, һɣ̴оӵܳŽѡ̽ΣȻǮˮȴû˱Թ
Ϊ֪ǽ£, п֪ܲʲôʱˡԼеġ
ƴŽʳһοӺ࿴˵ʱǸС֣ϣټͶһȥԱţ㲻ġ
ֺ̬˵ʱ˺ӵ֣Ҳʣͳмӵܣرǰܸ֣֣ԼҵͶЧԼҲǱ֣ɳ¸
Լһûռ֣ʲôˡ
ǸͶʱ֣Ȩ˵ǺôԼ˵С٣Լ粻סʲô٣ȨҶһ۵ġ֣λȲҪȥҵƨԼһûռʲôˡ
Ҷ֣Ѿ御˵
ͬеĵͷֻҪϰ³֣˵һһⰮ³ר֣ܵȥ֣׵ģ㶼ܿɵúá
Цֲ֪ҡܲļܲԼͶ֣һ۾ԼҴ֣һƬģ֣ǣѾˣѾˣ
Լһ³ˣģ
ҹҹƳ̸Ҳòõˡ
ֿ֪֣̱ӣʡ
ͷȻָ֪̱֣ңڲ߰ʮ֮ǰе̼Զûڵƣռ֣ǣСǡ
Ϊ֮ǰ֣Ȼʳãľһ֣ףֱ͵ĹƷ
ڣ֣Ϊ
ʳǳڵġ֮˭ҵض࣬˭ҵͶࡣ
֣̼ҵࡣ
̼ҵļѵеû飬һҪеء̼ڷ֮ǰ֣ͨĵ̼Ҵкܾˣ̼ܶܶ࣬һһǰ˳ɵĶ̣ϱϳϣΣ飡
̼ӵܵȻҲǲ飬ֻ˵ѵ̫㣬˵ӡ
̼ҺܸУ̼ӵûһ֣ߵģȥˣҲ̱ʿӹߡ
̼ҷĻġΨһȻǽԪͳǽԪүүֳ
֣̼࣬ӵأʳѸһԾ֣Ӱ̼ҲץסᣬΪ̡
̼ȣһˡ
ӼҲϲϲϲֻϲѧʡ
ӼҲռһǣʮԺաѵвФǾˡģسͷӼҼҷϹɡ
֣һ֪ٵлӼһһɱ˶ࡣ
򲻳³Тӡ
Ժ˵仰
Ӽһ뷨Ĺ᳹߰ɡ
ӼҾž֮ÿһôһ֮ϣһػóϷ
˶ӼȻȫ֮ǡ
ԭˡʢӼҲҲҪˡˡôһڣӵﻹгͷĻ᣿ȻҪȰӼҸʣµ˲ָܷӮ
ľ֡
ȻӼȻͽ˥ȥˡǲٳְҲȥ˳֮λᵽ𴦣ӡ
Ӽ뱣ӵܡˣԼǧָҪĲӣλ϶ᱻԺѷԷӦǿⲻ׸
ͷԼǡ֮ӼԽԽǰż鴫Ҳഫġ㣬ʣһǰЩʱҲûˡѳɾ졣
󳹵ˡ
壬ͬķչһһ١
˵̼֣ߣһὨԣ̼ǳȡѡеǡ
ң̨ϣ֣ɽǡǡ𣿡
ҲǲУ֣ӡǺĳǡûʲôԸ˳ӵĳǡ
֣ۣĿڡġǡƽʱϽ˰ܼʱҲǸ羴ÿιƷǷǳġ
㣬ѵû𣿡֣ٴ㡣
̼ҸǧҰ֣Ϊ̼ҪøͷڿһֶҡͷĬΣº󣬿Ŷ֣˵ϻŻؼңң˵ҡֺ̼ôȾŸң̼ҲǿŴ˵һҳˣʣµ˶ΪУһҳڱȥԵĴǶġ
֣Ͳ˵ˡ˵Ǳңʵ˵̼Լ̼ԼһԺ֮ÿ궼Ҫˡ
Ϊдԣ³ֻҪһأԺÿ궼Ҫ
Ȼ֪³ǲôҪ֣᲻ĴӦ̼Һαðأ
ǣǾ۸ҲͰ۸ˡҴʻ̼ʣ
㲻ã֣Ҳû취һЩȥǵ̫أҲǡɡ
ߺ֣С
С͵͵ĽǶںαصĳڡ
αذ͵֣ǰкһȡǡˣ˲ϲϽ
֣СǲܰΪ
Сܲ˵ģ³ҪǮ
СһڴӦĳͰͷͻл
Ȿ³Ĺ
Сȫ³᲻Ǯ³ĿĲһ꣬Ժÿһꡣ
С׶񣬺β³
֣֮ǰ˵ʱͶˣ𣿡³ȻҪˣȫ³
Сβһԣ
һº󣬽ܿӵϢ
һ͵ϢǶԵģ˵ǻ³֣Ѿǽ
ôǸ߼ȥĵطջ£ֻ
СҲˣ֣ĻӦԸ³ӦġǵءʳԺÿһ궼֣
Ȼ֣סˡ
зУŨŨζѩҹƮɢȥ
ǰһСʺƬŽȥ̣俴ְĿˣ̫Сӡ
첲ҰˣΪ˳ԻߵĴӶò˼䡣
ΪʲôҪԻأ
ΪϡȥԺ󣬻Ĵá˸
ݹй϶Уһʼǵϣ˵ᱻɶأ
˵ʵ֮˸Уˮ֮ܿ࣬˻к׳Ѫͨθиֻ֮ʱҲܿѡ
ϣǶҩɡģΪҪ
ʱ˵Ҫ԰
ϲ֪ԲʲôȻͬӦһΪѰҲѵԶԲѧûųĻջǻܺġ
֤ǶȻʳȷʵк͵Ļ޺
ǰ췢ڵԲСɹǳСֻСָ׸ô
˴ûϳ
ĳƷֵҰ
Ѹɹпһѣȷˣ
ȻĥһСš
ǿԵõġ
԰ɡһ⣬裡
һߵζһ˵Ӧùˡ
ʱңȻҲ͹˲ȥ֣ˡ
˵֣Щô죿ǻࣿ
룬ҡͷǡ˰ɡ
ǧˣһٶܻعˣʣµĶ֣ɡ
ͷʣأҪŻȥ𣿡һࡣ
ٷŻȥҲָӼ̳ˣֻ֪ʣµĶûгɲŵأ
룬ǲҲֵһ³һλȨصĺ֧ġ


382 Ϭ
ȻǶ, ȴûһ˿, ̫ɹϻůůͺ͵ġ
г˿
ƽʱ˳ӿ̯ǰû, ̯еĶˡ
ΪڲԶĶ޳, ھ
죡
ǱǱߣ
̶, ֻܿʮ׳ĺӳקͷһţȭ, ûбɱһ㶼Сտû, 򳡱ߵѾʮˡ
ʱһ´󺺱Χס˫۱ס, ˱ͷ̧ϥصײĶϡ
˶ղܴĴ󺺱Ŷ̵ĵɫ, ʹѵ
ߵŮٿ, סƫͷС
ߵĲ̴˳аϳҽΡ
ףһԽ˵ô֪ľ
ָϥж
ϸ, ڿϥײλϥϺе㲻̫ԡ
̧һȣƿ۽ǸϥϰŵϺβƵƬƬһƵͻ
ֲáһ£Ӳúܡ
ٿ³Ǹڻûվ
߹Ƕ˰ɣ˵
һ¾ƣһ²Ѫɡ
Ϊǵ˵Ϳһҽ߶˹ȥһˮ˺ȣչȥ˾ˡ
ˣӹҽ
ҽĽʵʵƷСƶġ˲࣬ô֤кأ
Ҳôι
ںĵ˵ͷ
û˵
Ժսˣ
ⳡȺŹڲͣȻոʤĽվڳǽߴߵٳŵӿͷ³ɽХ


ֳǰյһվͬһط⡣ǼֵĺţѪҲͣ
ǵ³ǵ
һ۾ʹҴȥˣ
һתͷûٱһߵĳǽͿ󽫾һȥıӰ̺򣺡죡ȥ򲻽⣬ûߣףأôҪأ
Թһͷ۽ǿ첽˳¥ʹߣ죡
ʵеĺղŻɣ˿ȴ߳ͷ亹
һĻһá
˲ҲԼɹҪǱƵ£ˣ³֮ͻ췭ظ
гֵĵطѾһž޶һۣۿһʵĹﲻͣĵȥֻļѼӽȥⱻ׳ӽȥ
ͬɾ
һѹӡ
վȺУ񣬴Źĺɫ··ϵŲѾЩɫˡұǴκʿˣǷЯף⺮ĶҹӼ߳һ빫Ķʳ
ȫͬˣվȻͬһԷ
³ܿԵõЦ
³ֵΪ֮㵹
ʳܿˡ
վľ̨ϵĴóڶвͣ㡢㡢㲻ͣ˳ƮõȺԱߵˮ
ˣôڶãʱǶԾ˳ӣˡСӡŮӶǰС
ҶԼҵ롢͡衢ľͰ
ж󣬴۶ʢð⣡
˸Ͱûв˼ӼֳܵǣǮѾˣò굽ĵȥûͱˡʶ顱ĸ˸Ӭ١
ͬڵϵ˺֪ˣͬǶ֪ϲڵϵѡ٣ûд٣С٣Ҫȥ
Ĺ˭
ƵЩɵ̾תͷȥˣ·òֺ
Ҫ֪ڼҵʱҲֻ취ڻ԰һС·ѣŲ֧
ڣһᴩֳǡǡˮ·

ˡ
ȻԤƵĲͬҲеСʧġ
Ҳ̫ʧ䡣ΪڼҲô˵еôǻۡ˵ûǸͨòͨ꣬˼ȫϣһ֪¶Ҫߵ̴㡣
ԣǸı³˵˭
ԴǸǻ
³Ǹǻ
ƿһ󶦷е˳̵ߡ
ֻΪһУǵصµĶҲԸΪţʹ
Ҫ꣬ͺͽ̨ˡȻæһ㣬̨ٶ׼ӭӴ͹Ĺ
սժ¥ž׷ˣǺ׷úࡣ
Ϊ̨󣬳˽ͽܳ˳֮⣬˶ҪС

磬ȥϴ
俴һ۹㣬һߡ͵ûʲô󽫾Ժסժ¥֮⣬ʲô⣡
׷ʲô£ϷʣŭʡѵΪ䷢ʲô
ֱڣûֵܷͽ֮ĸ鵽׸ùһߡ飿ǸжռԵİأȷʵռб˴ˡ
ֹܲҲжռǶ뵱ԷĿҪǸˣҲҪռλãһҪ˳֡
ڽĿУûнҲûнȣûнֻ
˭˵ֻажռ
ȴã鵽˼£Եģģַġ
ĽӺͶŮһߣҲͬġλ񣬺˵̨Ͽһۣʱˡ
ֱڣг趼ﲻҳͻᱻɱһ
˵ֻȷС𣬾û취ɴ磬˵ǶС
꽥ɳһΰж빲ԽԽȻľͶ롣
עֻܳΪ
ðա
ҲҪ֪ʲô
ʵǺܸмʱðġ
Ҫôǡ
ˣһθмн䣬Թ˵ղţѡ
ˡ
㻹ҳ˼˵ġ
һַǧʯһǵڶһͨҪ񣬻ȽҪĹҴ£ǧʯʵڲڵһ¡
Ǿ͵ڶ˵
ڶбķԸ
ûС
㣺ĳȸˣһ˵һ˳ߵ󽫾
ĺˣ
ˣôͷ
˵Ŀԥһ£ŲߵǰӸпվϣ󽫾ֳϥǵͷվǰһŰ鲼ͷꡣ
ùѪӿǿһȥҹʮŮ
ǡʱ󽫾ƫͷ˵ˮˣȻͷ䡣
ڷ֮У󽫾Ŀ磬ֱڴ͵
ĲӺһӣͷӣ첽̨ףˡ
еɬõĨһĨɡ¸ͷ
ĨǳԵģ˷ѡҪͷٰסʪܰҪɹɣ治ҲϴһϴֱӰɣ
治ͷŰ󡣡˵
ͰɣͨСķͣһģȻĨͷϡ
ëҵĳıϣӱһͷʨ
˳Ժ󣬵ǲôˡ
ܺÿЦ˵
ģƫͷʡ
ġЦ
Ǽ˻ÿתȥת۾ʳ仰
ûǡɬ˵
һۣƺǲţִһ˿
תȥ˵ˡ
ûС˵
аʱİȴ˷ꡣ
ͻȻ˵ĸкܶŮˡ
˰
ֱͷѾ˳ת˵㲻ǲһȥ𣿡
ӭ۾һδˡ
Ȼ͸
ǰ޽Σ
񱻰һ
俴첻˵Ҳˣ
۾գһ¡
Ҳȥסġһ䡣
Ӧ˰ɣ


383 
ֽ̫̹ȻˣһҲôʲôԡָܷԾ
̸һЩ¡, Ľˡ
ĵ, ᵽλߵ޼ɵԣΪʲô, ʲôͬûвԡ
ô˵, ѽԪɵ¶ܽ, Ļʲôܽܵģ
һֱǰĳ̫, ЩȣŮˡԵòֵһᡣ
ͨԺ˲ʧ, ǡΪʲôҲռأ
ϲһŮһϲ
ȱж
ǣԡ岻áΪ˰ѵȡů¯ȫŲȥˣŽ̸¡̸ҹȸϴ˯, ıӺ󣬴Ŷ¶Խ˵磬䣡ůѣ

ôֱҪ
ûлɣûǸ񾭣¾ӽ, һͰ§, ȵһů¯ֽŶһС
˲͸ܵȶȡ
Ȼ
Ȼ˯ˡ
Ѿܾãû취˯һþƺرᣬ˵˯, ²ƣ˯һȻû˯һ
ϣ˯ø㡣Ʒ˯ζŷǰ˯ж㡣
۾ʱѾˣ̫͸̫⣬Ӹ߶жϡ
СͯյˮǰѾˣ
Ȼ
أƤúˮ
Сͯ˵ڸ򡣡
ϴ£ʱѾ⡣
Ϊÿ϶˯þҲٷŽȥˡżԳȥ뿪̫Զǲеġ
ĿǰĲδ³㷢սҲ³Ϊ³ռλϡ
ȻýھͿʼϰ³λǰڵҲ˲٣Ҳæ
һȦµ
緹㵽ˡ
һͿ˫պˮ˫ۡ
⡣
£ʲôʱչ
ʱ򻹿󽫾ͥǰʹأ󽫾Ҳûܡ
ȻѾɾͺ¡
Цݽֵϲϲ

£ܿ뵽˺⣬ǰгŮ֮ҿô⹫һŮţڹнǰչ񣬴֮󣬹ͿסҪʱѹһ겻Ҳ˻ɡ
˼ꡣ֪òЦˡ
⵹ǲ
һˣǸʲôԶ׼
ͷǣҾͶˡ
ʹӦ£Ļ󳩡Ȼһʼù뽫е㲻̫ã浽˽죬ȴǼ£
ֻʾ֪Ҳ̫ã̫Ⱳڹʹ֮£Ҳгɾ͡
ֻйĺп³ĻԻͣڹǽѪһ£޹ؽҪ
Ϊ³ǽϵģ෴³ġЩ³գ񼫣Խ֮³ǵйй³
һֳǵµİգĸϲڵ³ڵĽϣ
ֻЩգϾͲöԹκԹޡ³Ƿһ
ңãܵõλõ˵ܵõο³Ҳͻһѡ
빨һ÷Ȼһ⡣
緹Ϊߵȼʳÿһٷﶼһ⣬붼ģҲпģнġġѬġ
Բ£һ͸ߵˡ
һ߳ţһ˵ѽӻ
ͷӦõġ
˵һȥ
緹˵仹ڸùһ߽䣬ϳӳˡ
ôֳǵĲǣһڽǰ档
Ὢ˭
ǣֳе˵ڶ˵ͻȻڴˣž˵磬ĳһ˳ǣϲŻ
سʱҼûп˻п˷
ءǽ˲ԼĳС
ɽ£Ѿȫ˵յ磬ڿκһūûʲôͬͷףۣ˺üš
Ͱ㲻Թ򽪵ֻǲͣҺ纣
˵죬߼ʱһݺݵġ
ôٶ۶ϽȥˣԽ˵㣬Ҷڵϴˡ
˴£ͽץ˵һۣͲ˸ˡο
Ȼ죬úá
úܿģý뿪һʱ˵Ǻ£ûнԺ󣬳ɳ˲١Ƚǻһһġ
صժ¥ɽһУ־òֽ빣Ķľ빡
ľʹõֶԭ֣ٴ٣ǳԶͨע⵽뿪ǰڿһڻûꡣ
߹ȥ̷ľ빣ʣǽ°ɣǲ۲ˣ
Цˡ
ͻݾӵĹڣŹϺ̶㵽齵ĺ棬óʸסԼ
ĵڻڿ
Ӧû¶ڡ͹ûлûС
ӦǷҵƭ߻ҪټϰЦ˵ֲǣҲҺͰĴԹޣͼװֻҡ
Цĺҡ
ͷûڽУҵȻҲܿɶΪûо
ұϾǺе̵ģڽֱɽ֮纣зˣȫ֮纣Ŭһɽ
Щҵǿ
ڵ֪󣬲֪ʲôӦ
ҵĴԴʱһֱţҲûʲôˡ
纣һѣԪˣȦﰤ˴ֶֶţʹһڻಡ
˵ˣˣ죡ǰҩæǰ壬㲻ҪҪһ߸ϽˣѴ
˴ҴҸһ纣òжߵſˣ̰סӲǰ̧˻
ͰɣǶأͷ׵һͷ
ʣµСϽ˵ԣ㰲İɣһᱨģ
纣ǡ˽⽪ػǺҡ
ǰ˶ˡ
ʱ˷
Һң
ʲôң
ͷ纣˵Ϊ˷ұȱң
纣ҡͷЦǣץߣȴ˻ػǺץûо
ʲô˶Уͷӵһ֮¾ͽˣСȴܲˣ
ͷӰСһĶϳȥǵĵ纣ղҪȥȥ
纣ƣ֣زȽһᱨ׵ľң֣Ҳȶ˼Ҫ׵öࡣ
ͷӵͷ̾ռ˸Ůӹȥһɽŵһǰ
纣˵ָ̡һ·
ͷӵͷӦõģȥ졣ͷںɨһָۣһ˵壬ͽа˲ȥ
纣˵˼֧ŲסˣͷúϢ˳Ǳߣ˽˲ú䡣
ϴ˽˵˲ڣлмСҲˡ
ͷһУȥˣлڻܣ֪г
зݱСĸͷǰԹӰѵ
ǡʱ洫
ͷʣ˾˻ˡ
ǼΨһĽ˵ȻǼ޸ϡ
ͷվǲǹϢδ䣬ǼʧٵСӵżŮ߽ǻɫ裬Ůӻ򾪻ţΪһ˲ĴҴңɫţŹ˲ϰݼλʣүүôǻˣ˵ҪԸ𣿡
ͷһãȻɨСһÿģҲģ˲ҹ
պ󣬽ڹ˵ʷҡͷһ˵£ȻУ
ʹ㣺𣿡Ůݷ򰡣Ůôţ
Ҳһ𾪣˺𣿡
ҲˣŲҪˣ


384 
粻ֻͬй, ùҵͬ鲻, Ҳá
ҪгҪ, ǰ׼з, ֣أм, ѣ˿ôġ
һ·, 򵥴ֱҪôеİŮĸϳšܻᱻŮֵ岮ĴţҪôŮĴżױϸܻܵᱻɷҵ
ܵ˵ⶼɹ
ϴͼױڽ֮Ź, ڱ͵ϰѽˡ
ȤšǺгģֵܰϵ˺ͼױʷ, ҡһ·ϣݷ¾ʹˣķͺ˶˵, гк˲, һ仰
ҵ˵𣿡
ʷˣ
ЦҵģЦ͵ʴסҼŮʲôû˲֪ôһʱ䣬ҷ·һ¥˲ա
ҲЦ, ǺЦȢŮ˸߹ٺ»ûˣҲҪˡ
ֳһֱƲͽǰҲƲԪȻн뽪ǶԽġǿö࣬￴ҲṫȻӡ
ԽͽɽӡȴһֱС
ЩƤë֮Ѣ㲻ϴ⡣
䲻ںںȴû䣬ֻðѽƳ
ڡݷŵļӳ£͸ˡ
ڶλǵһλͷڽһڽ֣˾ͱŮǸȥˡ
ûϯտսģ˵ָŶڵ˵ѵãˡ
Ȼǰʢ⣬һ˸һӣһȴû͵ϣת˵ڡ
˵۰֣
ҡͷǸ֣ġ
Ǹ֣Ǹ˭ģ
˶µǸԡ֣ȴӲûᣬҲû˽ӻȫ־һͬĵͷ⡣
ǰѴˡ
ҲֻҪһ仰ѣǲĵʲôӦ
ͷԽ˵ǶȥܰѴ̨ϲʲôǻۣԴļǣ
䣺ǺὪ
ԡͷ˵ڣû˶ˡ
һ⣬˼¾ȥҭš
ҲҡףһӾͺȿˡ
Լϵһǲ㣬㡣û취
𽪱ϵʷ򣬽еʮʵʵڵвЩ˶ǳܵĺ֣ȴûʲôô⼸ֳ꣬Ҹҵġܵ˵ֵһᡣ
󲿷ֵ˼Ĵֶλ£һû䱸
ЩֵճǸɻȵũʱҲרУֻ̫Ǯˡ
˵Ҫɱ˷ŻˣԼȥһЩ˺㣬Ƽɱˣɱһ֮ץҲܸԼƲϵ
ģв֮ĵġʵװӮģԽ࣬װԽɱԽ
ڽҡұɵֳ֮ʵѾûһˡ
ǰˡ
һ͸˼ɵ
ټϴֳǵˮѾ˽Ľһ֮ⷽУѾǵ֮ϴûܸսһ
ԣˣǾвҲû취ơѽٸϻɽꡣ
ȵڽĴУ㲻˵ľ̥Ҳûܺ
䱻ȥˢڸˣĿʼһ**̲ȥһҵۡ
ȾǼʯ󣬴ַһǧʯ٣ʲôֵģ˭
ڴ֮ǰûӡһԺõŶһγ⣬˺Ҳˡ˵еأ
һǹ˼ҹ˸ڲ֪Ʈţ˼ҵ㽻˷ǣʱǾݳǲռΪдҿǶǵúء
һǿԪǵֵܣеֳѾ˿Ԫֻʣ䣬˺ǱߵСС̫ƽ٣
ô˵ֻһԾܷ߾ˣˣ
ָʲôأ
ٶҪһģ˵һ˵жԺգж߲ʫʲôġ
ҲôġҼѧԨԴ״ӱѧʦѿޡһֱѧʣ⣬Ǹ߽Ұ񣬹ȻУ֮Ϊְء
žǸɻˡǰøҡͷ¶΢Ц˽Ŵˡ
Ļɵģ
Ůģ
ʡҲģ
׳ģ

һʼϵʱܽţܲһֱ̧ͷֱǸɴġ֪Щ㡰
𾪵̧ͷվֱܵ˵Ŀ⣬Ǿȣ̾Ƕġõĳޣ
˳⣬ʱ磬ˣĴЦţһ·ӹܻ˼ҡ
ĸ߳ĸᣬĿοնЩĵֶܵܺǣնȫµĿ⿴
վڼǰһҵ¹ڣΰݣ̧ͷԸĸ˵ûҶˣ
ҵµȻһ׮̸
ֳǵҲڷϲʲôĹԱˣϲʵĹ١
ţߵ˾Ͳÿտ̸ˣǴֵеõʾʼ򽪵չʾǵġˡҪ˵ЩǮеҹӣ˭ûмأ
һʱ֮䣬ͱ࣬пյġΧˡ
磬˷˸õֽ
ֽõǲݣо˷֣ľͷõֽľȲݽĥøϸάȴͣճҲȲݽɫֽƽ⻬
˷ˮ
˵Щʧ̬Ĺйۿʱȷʵǻʵġˮ
һƽϷһľ߳һлȵľ壬Ȼһľˮǹˮˮ䵽ľϣƶǰߡ
ģǸˮǹǸϲţƤģǰͭƬľĽڣڴ󣬳ڼСţƤˮװˮ󣬶סڣˮˮѹӳ
˳ݣԼʮɵĴ򼣬ŵʱҪýշš
ǿһã˼ֱȾɲͬɫȻ󵽳ǽϷţݷ˴ԶöԶܿ塣
˴ӷǺˮֱرɫĿ׵ˮǵĳжܿҪУͿˡʣµİɫͺɫãӷǾͿˡ
ӳǽ˵ֻڳǳʾкܴľԣûзá
ǣˮ֮֮˷
ʱŵķҲӳջˣߵǰʺѪķ˵̫֪ˣûʲô֪óġ
̸˼Ǿ޴ķݾԺˣڸ˼ǴᣬֻܲμӲͬ˺ܶ಻һˡ
ڼԲ̲סȥϧ𣬽һϧڶ飬򶨶ˡ
֣֮ϣҪ˵ʲôµ
ϧЦŷ飬֪ҵڶûع
ʵţʹµ¹ڡϣμ̨Ĺ硣Ρ
ϧ̾ûǰ
Ҳܼս˫˵ǵģǿǴԷĵһ٣յçײͲѱգҺôûиǼƽϡ
˵ţžƵˣһ˶סӣЦڼҲסֻǺȾˡ
ϧЦȥһѼСüҪǵͲˡ
˵ֻ
˶žƣ˼ȴھϣŽڴǰǧܳ󣬴ѯָӦԣ
ɶǲֻ̫ƽٵģǵڴһչ
֮£Ҷ˵ˣϲһҵˣǿ̸֮˵оֳܿҲǴģҵʱĿڴǰ죬֮оߴ·ʱһרעǼ⣬˵ҲͲһˡ
ϧûкҩ
ϧͷıԶǣҵȲǲҪڴǰŪЩСһһźáʣͶ˵˵ļţһЩĵã˵ֵôϲ
˾ûȶ٣˵˲٣ֱѣеĳѾˣҪˡ
˲ŴҴһ춼Ҫ䰵ˣؼңϧ˻ȥȡ·ϴɣ
ԡ£һϹеӭҹɫ̨ȥ


385 
֣ӴԺƺҪơﲩʿˡ
ʿƺڻû, һ֪ƺʲô˼ﲩʿһ߹, ѰʿӹҪ߳һ࣬ͨɫ, Գ˿·ᡣ
ⶥñӵĶȱ˸һͷ
ֹ, ֲŷ, ˶ҪʦˣиĸŴС, Ҳаֲ꣬͵ˣͷ, ֵܵĵģЩ־һ̡ͬ
ʧ, 񳯵⣬ȻЩϰˡ
˹ϣ˶ƣ߲, ܿͰԼ൹ˡз, гֿ
ϵڡһ㣬Ҳɡһ㡣ܷŵ˵ĴֻװٶˣԳȺб, ȵ溨ȡ
ϲʮɣ֮ʮΪʮĸ԰ڽΧȻҲΧˣҡͷԵģʮ
ֵü԰ιģ̤СȥύˣζѾ족ˣеϢҲʵĳˡ
ߵ˸䣬˾԰ķȥվڰ԰ǰһҾΧ˶ˣ˵һʲôֶ԰״Ȱ˵԰ıˣ룬ֵ˼ѽĳԸһˣ
ûӦǵð԰ˡϵеѾʼкˡ

԰µˡ
ټǹȥģҲǴСԷȾƵʱֻǱ˭Ҳջ԰
˰԰һȦܿ˵ģ˳һ˵ģԶ˶ͼԼˡ
ͷԽ˵𣿡
Ҳһƣǲ٣̴ö̰࣬ʳ̰ƣ෴൱ơ֮ǰΪ漢һٱһٳθˣ˺üҽߺƸΣ龪һܺãΪʲôԣֵԵòˣԶ˲˷
ĺ̫ˣû뵽ô꣬ⲻ϶ԣʡ·ҳԵϰ߻û䡣ǼߴˣʳȷʵӦһӡﾹȻûԺܶܶļ䣬˵ٳӦǴʱͿʼˡ
ǰͷ׷ȶʣһ룬ϲӵǶԹˡ
ҳԱˣԵĶࡣ㲻ˣȵָŶһָʡ
ҪԽԽãܲˡ
ֱһ̾һʢһ˵ҳˣʳΪҪȣƲͼͷݽȥˣͷζ
һݵߡ
ʹľͳȥˣҺڳԵʱعٳˡ
Ͱʣµĳˡ
һߣߵĶëëųŮӣڽߵΧ˶ԼͬĿιʳһĻЦҲӶʢһ⣬ιߣʳ
ھҲܷŵÿԼһƣ
һһڣÿļˡΧ˿ˣҲ°뺨͹ˣѧЮһڲҵһƹ㣬ۡ
ϯһֱҪʱ󣬽Ҫͽһ˳ʵʵվڹǰĿ͹ȥ
뿪̨ʱŲ鸡ڹſԼҵĳˣֶ˹
󽫾ȻͿ͡һĽҿڹǰĳɢȥԳڵһ˵˫붼Ҫˡ
ͽһӣһûӡԼֵͬ˶ȨȨûӵĺöԸӵĲöԸ
һߡ
ƼûУ󽫾һ֪ȥֺùЧūоιһ˷߷ߵ
һ˵ūͣ˵СŹɽҰܣôҲ
óªôôãһʡ
ĳһЦ㰡ҪĴƭˣΪǸ޸ҪǸ޸ôܵλĳأ飬ǶƴӡСƹ˲޴֮ͽ
ǳƲ
󽫾һ龰Ҫˡһ˵
󽫾ͼΪΣö֪ǽȴǸСˣٸðͷƴűҲܷŹһ˺޺޵
ĵģҲûȡġ
䱻ڹˣĽһڽĴбһ
˵˷ܣ
䣺˵ȡʷ֮λ
ʱ磬ֳǣְûְˡ£һֲͬĴáϵأͷΣģýڹ֮һϯ֮ء
ؽأҲԳΪʵְ
ϲأýתģûжְɡ
ϣְܼţеıţټĹ٣С
ʷȻУְ̫ˣнǰѾˣһʷһҪǳǸĸңܲηС
ýϴ³û٣۲еġûзٵģΪûҪеĹûôϸ
лĻɡ
ˣҲû˵ԡ
Ҫ֤£һϴٲ³֡
³иͷߣô᲻أĶԡ˵³һϴͼ죬뿴ŵʿеĳì˵һ顣
ڶ䲻δְ
ԼĲӣŽֳǵʮ˵һ顣
ڵĽ޷Ρ
Ҳ⡣ĶܱƵȥ䣬Ҳܰװȱ
弸ͬҲԾƣϧһ㡣ϧȻжĪ
ֱԪ󣬴׿ڳΪڿĳޣ˶ġ
ţڵ˵һΪѵ£ܹ³ڵĴСǳأû취ȥһİǷ񰲿ʿǷ̫ƽԱǷġѡɼλ־֮ʿȥһвƽ֮ɸ֮
ȻӦڶࡣ
ֵӣҶ֪ϲʲôˣ˵Ҫȥһ㣬дҲȥЩתһȦкʲôѵأ
ոձ׿޹ҲӦԸΪǣ
ͲԸСС̫ƽ٣ܹĳԺЩ¡ұˣɳȥĹ٣ְλͲСȻԺ󣬸ȥ̫ƽˣ
Цúúãжȣʵң
˵һ䣬Ž̹˵Ӧһ㡣˴ȥѲʷϿ̫صʧ¿ɹƣɱȨϵش󣬲ʡ
˻һأϵ˶ˣ
ǻΪֻȥתһȦû뵽̫صʧʣⲻ˵ѲʷҲڸ̫֮ϵƷ
סϧ𣬡֣˾١⡣
ϧͷΧȺҡͷվԲ˵˾ǰǸӣҲɲˡ
ĳȥǾ仰Ͽ̫صʧ¿ɹơϸƷ֮£ɱڡ
ЩѲʷȥֻ¾ͻΪ̫صждˡ
뵽Ԫǣĸǿ
֪ԼѡϣǲҪѡϡ
ѡˣԼܻؿԪǣǡҪؿԪǣ
ЦӯӯǰһҾϲټ
ӭ۵ĿУʮվһ𣬶Ŵ°ݡǵǰոµ¹ڣԼѲʷɱȨġͱ
󽫾Ϸ˽ն˼һвƽ¡д˽ɰа֣ǣƽ


386 
ŴµĳصУϲĳӭ, ӣ
ֵھӶ, ˵ֻúվſ񡢴л, ְѿз, ϯϲòѴ͹ٵ˵˳ͺͿǶܼ, ɣ
һоʮ䣬ͲͣĲ, ӽһ仰˵ʱȴɤӸڣĳһۣ
˾ͶҪһµıġ
ȥϴָѬ㣬֣ϻеı
, Լ׵ĽʣǶⱦ, ʱҫ˵ۡ
ȿǾ˶飬ͼ˷ܵʰо֣ȴÿģǱܵһ̨ϱ, µ˶ڵı, Ѿû˺˵·
˼
ɽҲ
ͬĵģڵεĵطǿԪǡ
˵ܹĿԪǣԪʷƾãҵĹһֱܺá˵ᣬҪѧϰ»ܶ, ˵Ԫź³ͬʷԴ˺ܺ档
ԣ䵽ԪκĲټְѿԪǵһݺ󣬵ֳǣḻĲ⡣
˵պῪŲ⣬ʿӣ
д仰صԪǺƱҪԸټԪǵʿӿʼ顣
µȴǡô룬벻һʲô
ⲻ˵޼ƿʩǴ̫ˣ벻ͷηˡ
ʰԺŵƵӣҪϢѾˣʲôҪԸ𣿡
˵ҪŻؼңҸ˹
ǣӦø˵һѽ֪һΪ˵ģ
ͲȥˣЦд֣ž𣬷ŽͲУˮҲḡˮϡ
ŵˣ˵һߡ
ͷˣһ·ϲҪʱ䣬һҪ죡
˭֪ϻûۣ;ͱţӣӣʹˣҴЬܳȥͼ컹δſѾˣǸʹֵġ
æȥϴ£ʹȽ
ҴųΪھǶӿ˽һʹߡ쵽һθнµıǺεȹ⻪ҫۣ˷׷׳Ϊʶ顣
»ֻõ˵ʹߡ
ʹῡˣʿˡֻԴ̫ƽٺͲȥˣԴ½Щһֻ֪ȸˡ׾ʶɣ͵ʿ
Цһİͬ꣬һ񣬵ֶʣǵܵĲǡչǷǹϡ
ԭǹ͵ܡ֪ˣԭķǹϣӵأ˱ͳǺ󣬾ټҰᵽֳǣ˵귮ǵšһԹ˼Ϊס
ֳԾãֻڲ棬ռ㣬Ҳźˡ
⻰ǿ˹˼ˣ˸
Цøˣʩһ¡
֮ĶٸǮǮǸ̲ġ
йУʣͽ䶼Աߡѧϰһ˵Ǯôģһ߽Ϊʲôô
˵˹٣¹ںͳͱ󣬾ȻҪٸ̲ǲſ·ʱе
һ뷨üôҪǮ
֪벻ͨ£̻ǵģ
͵ǮأֻǸ˼Ǵڴ·
ѧһ㣺ԣΪǮǲġǾҪҪ֣Ҫ˳ûдҪҪ˰ȵȣЩǮ˵ҲҪʮǮ̫
䶮ˣͷ
Ҳͷòˣԭô°
ʣԼǮ𣿡
˵ǮģȻ׼Ҳ͸ǡ
ңϴµٸǮ̾һСϻӣֳ֪ҪԶ·ĳֻܴҴ׼һ̲·Ъ衣
ƴǺǽӹϻӣսӹһŵǽ˵Ҳö
ʱΧ۵ҲæмסĽѾ˻ȥȡˡ
ϽͰлҳͣ״ͺʶȤȸˣ͵Ѿ²ȥˣѶ񣬵Ը͡ȥԪǣһ·ϳԵĺȵģȫˣ
òװ˶롱ˣȥһƤ
ͷӣ߰ɣȥŵ˾͸ˡ

䲻ڼˣ˭û˵ԼĻĵˣߵʱ˵ϧ𻹱ڼﶯء
㡰ƺƴ󡱵Ļȥǵһһ˵Ƥ¡
ԽԽˡص뿪ԪǵΥΪңֵͬڱѼ塣
һΪ˼忹ҾͻᱻָʱһڿԪ
ǰķǣķǣɵñһʱùϵΪд˽١ԪȴҲϵĳǰ
ĩڳ˯ȴѾʼˡ
ڳϣ뽪䶼ڳԣ˰ӵܣٻֳǶһȦš
һƽʱôģ˵ͬܣӡ󣺰ǴʲôʲôʲôʲôҪΪҲһʱ飬ʱ
̹ǣϲһʹˣɪɪȴҪȥΪһܳ棬ҪȥҪһˡ
й˺ܳʱ䣬ǰֻлߵӲżܿŵͰĲŤŤģûš
ӣúܻʱסķڿǲס˵ġӡǸҡǺůġȻ©磬ݶܿգһ꣬ͿӿݵĻˮǽǲŵչŵǹף桢ùɰӣװ
ӲɢǼգڵæš
һ·ܶ˶ͷڵҶɵҲͷ£ɳ˿ݲʯӣûʲôˣʣڸʲô
ڷأھ͸˰ɣҲǸֵصС
Ǵ඼ûйߣгͷѾСӯļͥˡ˵ǻģͷ̫ʯȴʯĥʯʯС
ȻӸʯĹгռһ֣ũߵļͥɺ١
һܴгЧĻͨгֻҶӣͨƽջû취ڵгõ̫ô
ֺôԸΪūİȴԽԽ࣬ȥгһǾͻᱻƵòòΪū
Ȼӵ³ūȴԸ⿴һĻˡ
ҹѾȥ˸ٹ̵ūϰԣͨգҲԸŻΪūΪ١
ӦҴĺôðǿԼļ岢þõȥһôõ¡ðǶΣһ죬ҲԼļ壬ԼУҲ
俴ɫ±أĿͶ֪ԶͲ˵ֻǾߡ
عͷֻʣ½ˣܵмȥˡ
ȥǾΪʥķȥ˼ֵˡ
䣺˵ôڵأһкö
̵ˣһܱ֪
ֻǺ棬󣬻أӲʯĵؾҲû취ˣֵýڵϲȣΪʲôڲ
䣺ΪС
ɲȣµС¸˱ȣС
䣺˫Ů
ǺˣĵطǷȱѾˡɵ󵨡
ֻŽ˵ս
Ҳսս˲ޱӡ
ǰͥǰʱһ沿ЩˣסӶڵϿ޵
ˣĻĲʼֱ䣬ѽƵ
Ȼֿվúȣ˹ֱסͰ̧ӳȥˡ
˴ˣĳҲͣˣ˾ƿڣŻ¯ս˳裬ȲãǹҲˣýʡ
ܿ챻ˤһ࣬Ҳòˣˤ˾̹ǰˣ۵öһָǲͣġ
ʼ࣬ԽڶһֻС棬浽Цһֻ֡
û⣺ͷӣϱסĲӣ
ѸٸĻսԣſ˵ϰƵĳ䱳ϱġ
ǿºֻһֱֻ֣ײ߸øܵУڱŪҲǱ糿õͷҲˣҲˡ
û֣Ц˭ҪƨйһȦ֣ãսǡ
ԣŽٴʱ׼˿գתʱѸٳĿһģ˫һƨѾ¶ˡ
ǱΧһȦս¶ƨƨʱЦ
Ͻѿȴλƣλơ
Խ䲻һֻ֣ȴ˫ſӶʤԶ׼
س·ϣɫǴ񫣬ýҲһԱپʤ
俴Ҳ򿴣Ӧ
ںĳһοôɣô⡣
ȻǶԵġ
쵽йʱӭˡ
е㾪ȣĳʣ壬ʲô𣿡
Ц֣͵ˡ
֣ڰѡˡ


387 Ϣ
֣ǡ
˳ԭб, ˼ǳƽΪ˳С, Χֲ࣬ɢ, һƬ, ʱҪ
ǸĴׯ, ڴ˵ضϴˣճ, Ϣû֮ģӹúƽꡣ
ǵĳ˰ʱҲչ˸İ, ϻ겻ãǲ˰𣬶ҴӲ֡
·ʿӳ֮, ˭뵽һСǾȻûؤеİոʿ׶Ȼͬˮۡ
һʲôĵط
ǵĳԣûа취ȥǸԱǵĳŻѳΪ, Ϊֺ֣
˵, ȥֺǶ಻ʤңһľֻҪһֱͻᰮǵġ
ǣȫؤ, ǵڽϣеѾˣеĻڲд
ŽգǰˣҹԱߵĽһˣߵЩУһǣкģͳ˻ŹȥһϡѾ˵ģ̾һк˰ʬ̧ߡ
һ

һƬƲ
겻ѮѾͷף֧ϣӺӣкһЩԼʮһСЩֻ߰ꡣ
ҵĴϢţָŴ˵ȥȥǼȥôǡ
ʢͱǵĲ״صŭͷ޵ǲǵģָ﹩ŵһ赣ҪǣͲ赣
Ǵģĸڴ赺ΪǴǳģǲغϵıȣɵΧסǣǽʳʱȥϵˣȴ˸˻ˡ
֮أ
ϴӸеʳһ׶ûи¡ǻǿȰǽеĴǱƵûа취ֻýΪ˾ͻᱻץ׳
ǵǣǿŲ̧ٴȥϣ׼Щ˾ǿ¸ףֱɱǡ
ߺҲһճǡ
ϧգóеʳʳգԶԶϣбļҲܾˣЩ˻ڰɢҥԣ˵ϵ˹ᡣ
еţеĲšѾ͸ˣԸ˵ֻҪȥҵ״ܳͷϣֻعĻҲš
ϵηΪΪϲ´赣ûҪǵ
ϸǸ״
赲ǴĻǮ
ȥǡҴϵֻ૵
ӿ춼ˣ˳һѣӦ
ίŭĿĸףȴĸѾ޵ɺԵ˫סеĻ
ӦľȻϧĿɷ򣬡Ųסˡĵ߰ɡ
𾪵Ŀϵĸףĸ׻ôᣡûȢޣôͻŲסأ
һηָ׵ĺô΢ôǳ峺Ŀͱûǡͣϵ޶ֻҪҴֻع
ȥǡҴ
ϥߣס֣ʹףģһȥҴֻع
ϵתͷ˶ӣοı۾³һˡ
ˮӻûڱ֣ʳ͵ˣֻǵһ
ʹվڽͽǰЦ仨һ˵ʺԸһʯס
ϻкܶˣҲǸеų˵֣Ը⡰³һʯף̲ס
Ҳڳ˵Ҫ϶ᷴԣ˿ʱҲˣοǴᣬ׳кβã
һüͿڣһʯ
ϴ˷ľ˲ʧ˶ʹ߿
ʹߺƽĸ˵³Ľӣ󽫾кβ𣿡
ͷͽǡģ֣³ʹǿڴϵǷԻ
֮ǰͲֹһθͽ˵֣£֣ͶʳҲԼжϣΪ֣֣ĽǶȣڶʮ򵽶ʮʯʵģһҪ֣㣬Ǿ͸ʮʯ
һʯ٣Ǿֻһǧ˵СǶѡ
һΪ֣Ȼֻһʯһûе֣ѵ֣ȫǧС𣿡
ʹͺǧ˵ʵ̫ˣѵ³ǴɣһʯҲһ˵СǱʳһա
һʯֻʿһٶѡ
ʹһô˵ֳǲرҲϡ
ʹ߲˵ˡ
Ҳ֪֣٣һʯˣֱ˵ʹˣŪ𣿡
ʹŵݼҸղŻû˵꣬˵һһʯ
Ǻʲôʱ͵
ʹߵԴʱգ캮ضҹҲܿ࣬ܶȰ꣬ǡ
Ͳýˣⲽӻ֣ȷʵǿҹ
ʹæ֣ˣΪĿϾǰ˵ֻҪڣڹҵ˶ǻ
ΧڶԶëëΪףƫƫǸͷģȹⲿԺŵҼǵ֣ϲмǧڵôѵ̼Ҳ
̼ҹǧµȻû˲֪רŹ۵֣׾ǳ̼ҡ
Ҳû˵ҼǵãҰԵ֣Ҳ̼
ʹæӻǣ֣ҹֳ棬ָ׿ɰϸ֭ǡˡ
Ҳ˵֣治Ǵ棬棬ʵ
ʵ̫ϲԡ
ʹߺܴĸҲҪ˵䡰ûܶԵԺŻи
Ĵ϶ʹߵĹҲúͻˡ
ⲿΪб뷨ͲٶʳĿ˵ʫ顣
̸ʫ̸ҹְᣬźúõİʹ˳ȥ
ʹ߻ȥĨ˰亹סڹңӹ̾ȥⲡ
ȴڡ
ʹֻȻصԼûϵæǰ˳³Ϊˣ³䲻
֣˿³ʹֻǵ֣ǰʴʣ֣Ҫ䡱³ʮʯʳôأ³ѹ֣
ϧ֣ųԹܣ³Ҳܡ
ʹҡͷֵͷҿǸժǹа취񣡡
Ժ󣬵һժ¥ߣ֣ʹڳУзԸĳ湫쵽ЦβôֻҪǾˡ
ⲻҪ˵ٿֻ£һϴҪ˯ӣʱʲôٶ˵һ䣬̸ˡ
ӵˣ
ˡ˵ȥǸʹɣҪ
µͷһȥġԱһ˵
ղҲôԹ˵Ƕͷɣ
Цŵͷ԰һָһ·ġ
˾ǻԼǮڲϢ
֣͡һڲϢ


388 
ƽ֣ϳҲ, ûдϹСҲƽƽ, һûһɫ, òǲŻ, ʫ黭, ȫƽӹڼҲΪжĹϵܱĸӡ
ϱϾ, ֣λ¶մܼһٵֲܼҪ, Ҳϸ֣Եú䵭ڹע, ֵֶע֣ӳһƽƽĹְһأֵø, ֿϧ, ܼӵԼѡ
ϵĴԸڼ嵱ͷ͡ǫáƽǣԵţӻ, ֣ˣһɳ졪˵Ŀ
ƽԼȴͦζģϰ˳Ĭ˳ӣȨ֮Ҫôڼ￴ѵɫҪôϵ빫ɫô˵ҲǺ߸õó֣ˡ
ʹҲƢĸƽǺɵĺƢˣ£Ӳת棬˳ԡ£û˵ĻҲûϲȥĴ
ôʺϳʹҪܳԵίҲͦ˵ˣ
֣ѡʹԼʶӢš
ƽԼǲʹ졣
˶֪سʹǸò¡³ɸʹߵ֣ǰһȦ׬ʮʯʳ֣ѵûҲɸ˹ȥ˵ʮʯʳ׬ɣôҪ׬
֣
⣬̼Ҳƽ֮ǰԴ׳УⱭ׳оƿǺȵƽľսһüûȳζ
̼ҵ˼̼֪³жҪΪʲôҪ
ƽȻڸĸֵ֮ͬ㲻õģã֪̼ڴʲô⣺̼Ҹ
ʳⶫΪʲôأΪͱ棬ҲԽԽֵǮԽԽֵǮ
οһ˶ҪԵĶӵļҲʣûˣڿͶˡ
ԣ̼ҵʳԽԽ֮еҪ
̼ǰר֣ʱû׬һǮǹʵ۵ģ
̼Ҳһʵۺ֣ҪǮҪ̺򣬻ϰٱľֻһûйԲˡ
ƽڵ֪̼ʱƵ§ǮҲܹ̼ң̼ұϾԹܶĿ֣ûֲ֧˵ʵۼסĿ֣֣̼ûϵ
ϵƱ񣬸˵ĸоǰˣŻϺöȫ§Լһһ嶼Ϸ
ǰֻһңȵҾۣ
̼ʲôԶ
ƽŴӦ̼ңҲҾܾԸһˡ̼ңϾ֣ʹ֣ʹߣҲЩ̫ˡ
ƽȻЩ졣
û뵽ǣϽиġ񡱾Ȼ֣ˡ
ϣƽһֱȹȵҹһ飬ֱҴжʱûȥС
æϵſʱˡ
˺òȴ粽ãѾЪˡ֮¡
ôܳ
ƽֻͽ޹վſڣã˸Ȱˡ
ڶ졪ȥûôۡһ磬ָˡ
ǰ˵޶˵Ҫд֣Ȼͳŷˡ
˼ˡ̫ˣƽⲻ֮ǰݷùʱǺܺ˵ģٸÿĵطܿȻҲȡ
˼ˣͺܿˡ
ƽû˷ʱ䣬ȥ˾ժǹҺλİþ֪һҲֺãȻ䲻Щӻܳģ֣вٶԸʽӣЩ˶̼ģ˾ǵġ
˵Ѿȥˡ
ƽʣ˶٣
˵˵ҪǱ߸˵ǧ͹ȥˡǧǴֱˡô˵ɣ֣֣ʱеĽҲ׼˶ʮö
˾ãһͣժǹǼҴ˸
ƽԶֲȫժǹʹ㻹ڹϼʹ˱
ʣ׼
ƽ˵ȥѣҲȥ߶һֱȥ¹ⲡ
˾ȥ׼ˡ
ƽûܳȥΪŷͨ󽫾ݷˡ
ݷƽ
ƽˡ
ŷƽ˻ѾŮƽʰˡŮΧƽתʱ򣬹ҵĹܼһٸⲵĴҲˣһ̵ƽӦԽ󽫾
ܽһ仰󽫾˵ʲô㶼ҪӦ£Ǵ󽫾ǴҲ㣡
ƽܾ˼Ӧŭ˽󽫾һɵֻ󽫾
˵³һ𣿲˵³Ǵҵֿ󽫾ͷôùѾڽ󽫾ǰأ
ܽд󽫾õȡƽҴҴһ󣬴󽫾ѾˡϹܼ⿪˹ƽʱΪĻͣƽȥʱ󽫾ѾƼȾС
Ҳͣƽʱ󽫾ԹӵǺܴȺͣһҲ
ˣСкҲһĸˡŹϹܼҲСһˣ˴󽫾ƽ
նʱնˡ
ƽһ󣬹ʺã
󽫾ʦ￴һۣȻֹʦֹҲˡ
ֻʣ¸˵Сͯ
󽫾ֿһСͯСͯҲˡ
ƽˡ
´󽫾ɱ˵ġûʹڳʹʧ٣ȫ£޹صġ뵱Ǹ޹صˡ
ҲȷʵǸ޹صˡ
ƽѸٷŵ̬󽫾кηԸֱԣ֣ɱ̼ҡҲûҪɱֻҪ󽫾ɱʲôҴӦ
󽫾Ҳֱӣ֣ʱ͵ĪҪȥ֣ȡ𣿡
ƽһ˲׹
ǽ󽫾Ҫġ˵ǰǣҲѾ䵽󽫾ˡ֣ٳٲˡ
ƽԥֱԵͿǣҲֻ׼ʮʯʳ
ԶԶڽԤڡʱɫһ䣬֣ѵʮʯòҿ˵һֵĴʮʯʳִ࣬˵Ҳ࣬ЩǴţģƽҲûĹ̼ҵж󣬲֪ȷʵԡ
ƽԴƬ̣һˣ˻Խ𽫾ʡ
治֪³ϣ̼ôģ֣ܼϣڸʮʯˣ󽫾˼һľϡ
̼ҼȻǼҵУǾͰ˽ʺˡ
˱ƭˡ
ƽû󽫾Ϊ˱ʾǸ󽫾һģ뽪Ȳڣʡ
ȥˡ
̼ͣʹΪգ汲ϼͣһһپ٣ԼҲΪˡ
ԺƽΪȻеһ֮Ľġʣ壬мĳʹ㡣
ʹ˶ʣС֪޲ԡ
ƽʣ׼֣֮Σ𣿡
Ĭ
ƽ壬ղŽ󽫾ˡ
һæ󽫾³֣
ǴˡƽΪ֣˵ֻʮʯʮֲ
ĻƽȻҼ˵³ҪزΪ󡣡
ƽͷͣԼǡ¿ʳĳ¾߲³ˡ
岻ƽģƽʲôϵأǺЦ³ԣСĶĽˡ
ʹһ겻عҲġƽҪ³ȥ³ǲģһӦ³һ񼸷֡
ƽ̾壬첻ҪĳȡЦˡ
һƽθڣ浽ͷ˷ģмƾȴ
ƽæҾ˵ĳҹһҹû˯Գ߰
󽫾ҪԸ⣬еһԽ⽫˵ȼü֮
Ժƽ䣬ֵнίˡ
֣Ȼ£ƽŸ
˵˼ǣңЦ
ƽһضӣӦУֻǵͷ
ȻˣԻȥ̸лԮˡ
˵գˡ
ƽȽԺ˰Σζӳ¡
Ȼȵƻ裬ˡƽɹˣҹͽܣڹǺ˵ˡ
ˣƽˣǹȥ󽫾ġ֪󽫾˳ȥ
³ԽԽˡ
պƽͽժ¥˻Ҫһ
ƽϽٴһժ¥
ڴмһժǹȴԶԶûпժ¥ʱĸд̡
һֻ˵򣬲˵չʾԼ¥ϵĹ͡
¥Ҳ顣ԾĲˣǹǰֻ
ҫ۵ë˳ڹǰڰѹʵͶǵ
ֻڿͷžϵëըˣһ߰У
ƽһæ¥ܡ
ЦԸһߵӡǸӾ߹ˣòȻǲ׵ġ
ҲƽƽȥǶ¥ݿڣ·ƽЦ˵Ҹ㣬øϽʳȻҪġ
ƽ⣬˭Ҫ
ص˾ŵ˵ս󽫾ץһˣǵˣ
ƽʧɫΪʲô˵˵ǷʮüҲѧˣҪĻһҪ
̫̫ˣΪһʮһٿƽǾ䲻ģԼĲƲûôࡣǱˣǲո͹񣬹Ҳûʣˡ
ƽû뵽󽫾ò
֣̼³Ը̸֣󽫾ȴظ̸̼ظһСС̸
ֱӰץˣˣ


389 ·
ƽ֣֣ʮˣǶΪ, ǵþǮӡ֡ҡ, ȵȡ
屻ץЩ˶ʱ, ûͷӬһƽ
ƽ֪º, ûж, ̳ȥҽ󽫾
·ʱ벻ͨʵǽ󽫾²ͷ
Ҳӵ, ˿ʲôԼֻ֣谵ʾʾһ, 
ȥ³ˡ
ѵΪ󽫾Ұ
ƽһһࡰçû취
ֲܲ塣
ֻܻ֮̾ȥ
Ͻ, ǰ·ɴ
ƽͽȥһ֣ˣ߰, ȴ󽫾֪ˡ
ƽ, 󽫾ڸ𣿡
Цˣ󽫾һֱס̨ġǸӣר
ﻹû
Ӵ򹷣һȥء
ƽûӦö󽫾ƢԺٳ֡
ȥصôȥѰͬס, Щ
𣿡ƽ˵룬ָľǴ󽫾ˡ
ָˡӦþǴ󽫾ô󽫾ҲҪԮ֡
ŻǱȽϺýģǹ˵㣬ҲǮ
ƽԾ岻رһˣ͹ȻڹҴˣλСӣһȥСˣСӶһ󣬹ͽȥȲˡ
ȹ÷ùݣ˴˴µϢ
ˣУѾû
ƽһ죬Ǳ߶ˡ
˽ӣܵʱˣƽ룬ȥ취
˵ƽȳ壬ֻ̼ҲǺ޴ˡ
ƽҲ뵽ˡǰͣ˵˻ȥͱץˡҪ˵޹أɵҲŰ̼ĸˣȥ״ҪԲ˶ߡ
ƽ˰ҹڶ׼¹ڣְٴ׼ãȥ̨ʱȼ򡣡
˾ȣд㣿
ƽұϾǴʹߣ³İ
죬ֻʣԼˡ
ƽȥժ¥ˡأȻûռ˰쵽˽ºǰͥͽ󽫾һ򡣺̹ǣϴȴߴø⼤ҡ
ڹսƽϸ۾һССӰӴŴ翴Ӧ֣˵֣³տ֣ܺ͹һ³ĵĴŲ١
ƽȻһɣ
û͸֣ġ
С֣ˣȻˣȻף³ûкԹ³֧֣֣δһΪ³
һúܿ죬Խٴΰ˿ӰڵϽղŻüҵԱǿһĻ׷֣ͣһЦ
ûżſ˽һţȻתܡëëæڻǵĴߡ
䰤һź󣬽ƽ֡ˡԴϲ
һתᡣ
ڽ䡢ԱǶȥϴʱЯ֣ڵڽӼƽ
ָƽ֣˵ܴˣ֣ˣ֣
̵֣úܺãȻͷֹΪϺǡ˽ĽܣЦƽ˵ܴˣˣʸĸɻã
ƽ֣ȶԼĻȰ󶼺ܺãֻҹ˼ǵ֪úãһܸˡοġ
֣ЦһЦƽǰ£ִơ
ƽûȻ͸
˽ӹ򿪸֣֣֮ϲϲ
֣ƫͷﵱȻܹأһʯؽһӣͬűʯ
Ⲣ֣
ƽʱĳԴöȶǽ׼ģϲŮӿɰһ㣬һ㡣ͷõκ֣˿Ƴɵľɴ־£·ȾƯϴֻΪȾۺɫͷɫ·Ϊû취ϴһϴûɫˣԴϴ˾Ҫ¡
֣Ȼ⡣ûйʣⲲҹʣȫ⡣ǣ֣бصĽʯ̶üѾϰ˾µĶէһľ;ò
ƽƽüѾˣ͵ͷ˵ϲ
˵ϲ͸㡣
˵˰ｻ֣Ĺ
֣һֱϲȻ¶ѾĽĽ³ĵλ˶ǹȴȫͬȻСѾᵽ˭˵á
Ȼǹ㡣
ڲ֪䣬ʼģ½һһ˵֣һЦ
ǣ֣֣ƽ˵仰ԡ¡Ϊ뿪ˡ
ƽ˲ڣ֣Ӵһ£֣ܶһЩӡ
С˵³ʲô֮ɸ߳һ湫գ
֣ƫͷһЦƽȻ·𿴵ժǹ˵յľǴң
ÿԷʱһԣƽʱʵûʱ档֣ԽԽ֪ãʱ޿̲һ
ƽΪˡ
֣˵һҲʧ֪첻ֻдʲôܰ쵽
ƽ³ӢۣĳԶԶ
֣˵ɡϰˣΪ̺ĹŮ˵
ƽԥһ£Ϊĳߵ˵˴󽫾ԡ³ܰ˵䣬Ӧþƽųˡ
֣ȴҡͷСȥɡ
ƽ֣˵ֻժǹܽµֹ֡£Ҫ֣ӡ
³һ֣źðӼ
֣³³ҲûһЩܱ֣͸³ʳôһ㡣
ʱƽͱȥˣμᡣ
ּ֣ͣƽﻹġο֣֮ڰҪá
Ȼȥ󲻹죬һժ¥ò̴
ƽ˵֪ˡҪǸϽŭ𣬽ûġ
ƽæȻֻǲ֪ʲôĳȥ㡣
壺װɵɣƽңңֻǡ̼ҵ
һѾˣҹܲš
ƽֻðѽͳš
֮ôȥЩˣжʳ͸󽫾
Ϊѵֻ²У彻ȥҲû취̵ڶ¿ڣȻ߰ˣ֣ҲҪ
ƽҪҺθɣҿߣҲժǹĻĸԸΪҲֻܳȫˡ
û취ֻðѻʣµ֣ǣȰǣȰȰ壬ȥҲδػܷ
֣æѻ͸塣̼գѾˣſηĵϣѵ̧ͷЦҡҡͷȻͲٻӦˡ
ѾˣƽҪԼ֪ƽͽ󽫾£ƽԼ;Լˡ
ǸҲ̼ҿĵķϻƴļˡ
ڶ죬ˡ
ƽ̾һž˵ʣµ֣Ҳץˡ
ȻЩ˾ͰʳˣµʳҲ˳
ƽŷģٴⲡ
ⲼԸ³ʮʯףһ
̵һ
ƽǡ֣³³ѵû𣿡
ⲵͷˣᡣ
ⲽ˵ƽĻ󣬽üѵҪһ۽
Цˣ𣿡
ҡͷδزܡ
֣˵ȻѾնǻҲ
ȣ³ûôն³Ҫ³ֿ֣ô³Թʺ֣ˡ
νǰӴ󵨣
㿴ֻǷЦ㲻棬֪û֣ϡ˿Ĺʲôء
粻Ҫѵһ𣿡Цƽֻ˵ҪһǾһȥˡ
ʲô
˵͸ʯɡ
ˣûǮֻҪùڹˡ񷨹͸Ůһֽ飬ƴһ޴ʯ͹ȥ֣ôƶҪЩԽ
Ӳ㣬Ȱ˺ˣһС²Ҫˡ̼ҵ·ҵ𣿡
ͷҳˡ
Цû·̼ҵ֣պ͸żˡ
֣̼ĵ³а壿֣ѹ֣Ϊ³Ҳ۸³
³̳֮⣬ﻹб³õ·أ³ߣ̼Ҵı·Ҫϰٱ
Ҫ̼ҹŰʳ


390 ˲
·˵ءȫƸ·ͨΪ֪Ȼ˶żͬһȫ·еĸ, һһ, ÿһЪǲĵĸÿһͬе˵ġ
ǰѻʱ
ʲôطĿеİȫݣԷĵĴŲƲ֣
ͽ֪ģÿһʱкüҡ, ÿһطȢޡ, ·еˮһ, ɱˣŷ¡
, һ˰˿߾ſʮ߶У̼Ϊļ͸ˡ
̼Ҵ֣³вʮΪǰ¡Ҳ˵, ̼³ʮŵ㣬ʮŵ㶼̼˵СڣЩط, ӣеЩѾ˺üˣͳɱˡ
ʱҲм׼¢ϣʿ˽׼֮ͨǵĺ蹵谭Щ˳Ϊһ, ֻĳһ֮, ΪǮһֻǮӡ
ڵ֪Щص֮佫
ڡץԺңҲԸңôȹ, ̼Ǳ߷Ӧ
Ȼ̼˽Ķе𾪣תһ룬³ǲҲĲأ
Զ׼İǶ෽°
ԣ˽̳Ǻ·֮⣬Ҳһ˳źð¡
ƽվʹӽ˵³ҪһŮ͸֣Դл֣
ƽʧЦûϵ³ôӦġЩʧž˵е³ֳһ⡣
³⣬ͳ³һܱйʿҲŷ
³ʲôأ
г˾޴ֽ빣дŴĿ
ǰͬǣֽǰһߵŮʯ
ʯԼüĿ̴ֱڣƶƣжȣͨһ£ϸӯһգһ
ͷ飬ԶϴʮĶ襣Ҳʮÿһָ϶Žָö塣
˵ǷʯеΣҲ⹤֮ġܸϵȫ޶ȵĿܸˡ
гΧ۵˶档ƽǰ棬ȥʲô⣬ԱһʶֵСһһĴΧĴ˶Ц
ԴʯΪһΪʮɵľ񡭡
Χ˷һ󾪺
ҪСһ޶ͷز˫ۡ֡֫ÿһֵĳߴСͬλߴֵȡ
óȷֵΪʤΪڶʮա
СͯˣȻΧҲˡ
ʮɣ
Ƕ߰
ȳǽ߰ɣ
ƽѾ뵽֣ʯˣէһʯʮɣ³ˡ
Ӧ˵³͵Ļ
ʯ͵֣ض𶯣֣³֮ǰҲԶǵ
ժ¥ʽʮɵʯ𣿡
ȻҪ졣ЦʯȽأҪʯмֵֻôһ㡣
䲻ҲЩ֪ʮɵʯʲôʱҲҪ֣ȥһ
һ㶣룬˵ʵʯġ
ֻ׷󣬾͸ûôûػô
³ֻʯķֽⲿ͵֣£Ҫ֣ȥ졣
³Ѿˡ
ʯ³ģ³
ΪĶʮʱ᲻յھվҰˡ
ϯ塣
ϯϯ塣
óͲסįԼˡ
ֵĴ𰸲ͬϯԼġ
ѾʯȵһֳֻϵʱҲֻʯִ˹ȥ
ǰʯ̧ϴʱߵ˶ˡ
֪£ͰֽϯĴ𰸡
ҲˣΪ٣ֹ³⡣
𰸶𣿡֡
ֵͷ볼ֵһ޶
еԾˣ¿ϯλˡ
ڻʹˡ
ԭļƻУϯ屻һ꣬᲻ϧһдһᣬ׼̨ЩɵȥѲʷصȥǵĹյѹ̼ЩԥѲʷǱɽ
һȥ޻صϯºƽƽصֳǣպҲûκǰ̿ˡ
Ҳֻɰȥɡ
ֻҺվͬһˮƽϡȥָңֻһݱߵҡ
³бȰո
ϯֻʣϯһˣͷƬߴһƣȥѲʷĴ̣û˻
仰˵һƴڵı˭ţB˭վڵߵ϶ָֻţƨ
˵еţ˵û㻹Ҫš
ݲǳңȨҲֻȨȥֻʵ䷴˸ͬЩ̵ҡһָű̫ˣ
˻תͬңָϣָ𽪵ָ֣
Ҫڲ֮أֻѡϯ塣
Ϊϯ꣬ۿһһԽߣƵԽԽֻ˳ָ·ȥߡ
˶꣬ԸЩҵƣͻȻҿɴѧҡʵɼң
ȻֺڸİӵܸһģЩǮеүӦпиϡŹѧƵˣ˵˲š
Ҫӵôþôã˭˭ǰȰҶˡ
ʡЩԸڼиԣҲԸĲǲ
ƻˡ
ֻʯһҹ᲻ϯ˲š
ڶ㣬Це壬иòԼȥ졣
ʣʲôò£㣬˵˵һͨ
ͶˣԭһֱϯΪüԼҡֻ²ѱ
ϯֻʣһˣ˵ϯϯңԹȥһҪϯ֮ͼһϯ³ͼһܵôӣԼֵˡ
ûݾģôƶûá
԰ͷԣܻˡ
һ׹
᲻ϯ壬Ҫһϯ塣
ͷֹԼʣµҲֻһõľС
סĵطλгһСԺӣǰͥխܲԺỨ԰ˣҪǽȥŹ
ĵطסҲˡ
Դ֣͵ֳǣеĴʯͷˡֻҪ֣ʼζ֣Ѿסˣʼת³Ծѣת³Ϊˡ
˵һ£ԼҲǡӴԼӵ³Ҳԣ֣ҲԣΪٶûϵˡ
ֻ취³£ϴ̵ԭĶ
á
£׼ӭ͡
˽ӭ⣬ֵϡͣϡ͡
Ҳһ֣Цҹˣ֣
˴ȵڣţŴ£С¯С¯žƣǰǸˣҲǷŶʳˣֲˡ⡢һůֽ
뺨⣬Ļ֣ҡͷѾСˣֻǼ磬ȥԶˡ
ԼӵУԸ֣ǰΪٵģ
ʣǺ£޹ֵ֣ǹ֣Կ֣࣬湫Ҽ֡
¾Ʊ֣󡣡
кѣ֣ǲԼɣ
˼Ƭ̣д⣿
ͷǧȷ


391 ع
ǴıҪ޵͵ͳȥ, ĺôŰݡ
֣ʱ˵³⽫޸֣, 䣬֣ȢԼ
ȻҲ
ȹߺ, ż񲻶, Լռٺô
д, ժǹպڶ
, 󽫾ڶ̨ҳĽʷҲ
⻹㡣ʱ, Ķӽ밮Ƚˣְ
һͷ, ҵķƺҲȹ֮
ȫ군ˣռ̵ĹⲰ
ڹðƺҲúܣһ䶼
ôഫ, ֻһ, ҲСơ
ԺҲ϶ժ¥͹᲻أΪԼθڡʱͶˡ
ˣѴĲһѰһЩ͵ժ¥
֪Ҫλ, ͱѰȥֵùĲǸã
ҲҪңҲҪ͡ߵ˻֣Űɡ
Ż֣Ҫ³޹Ϣ͹ȥҪԼұЩǮ͹ﻹˣûطǮѾɬ
һдţһ߿ҪӹҪˡ
ҲðԼҵˡ
ˣȴõȹ㲻£ֻԼȥȻ·磬ˣȻ̬õһ㡣
ǹⲵңԼû˵סһֱǹĸƨš
ûи˵ֻ̫࣬뽫ԼС磬ģԼͳԹüΣ£ЦŸ˵Թ֪հϯҸѰˣ
һüв죬ľðһգϯһڣ
ЦŰϯ˵Ҹ˵ϯϺ˾æӻ˼ҡϯܴãⲻ˵깨۹𣿽ȵѩ̿ϯպվԽߣԽҪѺ깨ϵ˴ͬΪϯ嶼˵һ䲻ԣиϯ嶼Ҫϴ
Թ˵ϯͷǱ˭˰ڲǵˣҲаˣ
ǸҲŹⲸ̾ȴûٵȹؼҾˡ
ؼ·ϣڳ̾ʱֶһգͷҲԽԽˡ
ϯعֵúúף£ڽϣⶼԳƵǹˡϯٻȻᵡһʼüߣȴְҫϯڵͷϣϯ岻ʹ
Ҳһ翪ʼ´ش
յǰĴ²ŲڰչȻǽ²ż汸ǰ漸ûѹںýƪӽ󣬵ϵ˸ɫŹ˵
ĺòҪ

һһûһվ˵ǽѵТڵԼͷ£۾͵Լӡ
ƪ꣬ϯĳȻҫáƴʣ
ϯ嵱Ȼо˲ƵĿ⣬кθأǰϯ˳ƺõʱ˾ϯһ˲ò뿪ֳʱ˿ϯҷһһ
ο¸λҲֲ
ǡʿ֮λʵǺ⣬ֲҴǣ¶ҲûиõڵһҪٵȼ꣬ԼȲϯ»صλõһˡ
ϯϯʿȥﲩʿˣеʿﲩʿǿ㣬ܴãȥݷãﲩʿûкٶȥȥæýŲմأϯ۲ѡ
ҲûյϲʿͰʯ¸ˣã٣
ϯǱĺϢͷ˵ʿʯеźĻãϲˣ
ϯ뿪ѾãʶͲˣžϯ嵱ȣȥ׵һ治ᡣϧڵһиʤԼôЩʶٵ
ϸһλᣬδػڶΡ
Լʧܣ
ϯ尲ɼøһʯ²Ϸɣȥ̣˿ȻϯϳһİĲʿõ߿˼֡
ϯǰ徲˾ԵȥˡоӼ꣬ǰǰҲʶ˲ˣе㲻ŵڵ˼ּʶů˶ʵѧģҪôһǵӵܣ֮£뱸
֪Щϧϯעһֻܵ˲ţܵá˲ŶǱźűţȴƷһղһ䣬Щ˿ܾе·ģвõģǾͻãѰáõģԼңǾ͵ڻң֪ôġ
ܲȱٵ˲ţҲϧԱһдƷ
ô˵ɣûˣһⲿã᣻ûˣҪˡ
ڶһϯҲʮʮҲеطǣɹʮʮأ
춼ӵʹ㣺ˣ
ָ㣺ˡ
ڳЦ죬Ҷռ񡣡ЩҵӲ֪񣬶ӹһﶼԴԴ
ɱʷʿڴ
㿴۾﷢һɨ֪뵽ʲôˡҲû취󣬹˺üǮĴ⡣
ͷһ˸ѻҲʼ¼ˣЩ˵־һͬעϣû˿̫«ū
֪ʱ˿̣һȵòȡֻҪȥ̫«ūһû취ȶƣʱ°빦
ԣѹ«ū
«ūȻᣬ«ūλ̫ļλȴ̫ĸһһҪ«ų̄
Ǽʶ̫ģ̫֮λ֣ôأ
̫ͨߵˣ˳⣬һԸģһ취̫λȵλ«ūɵģȨȸ«ūɵټ޻ģȻٴȵȡ
̫«ūһĳ类ǱƵòò
⣬һ˵һ񶼲룬ĵ׷񶼲ҸԣҡȰһһʮ˵ȥת۸ս˰һĲʣ󽫾ǮҲ˲ʧˡ
Һã֣
Ц˵ҿһԼҲ룬һ֣һ³˶ãֳǼعˡ
ԼҵǮҲܻһˡ
֣Լҡ
ȥɣúϢǧ³ŵ˸ͳţתĴʰյһ˼ӣӣҪȥ𣿡
£̾ǱϾ³˰


392 Ծ
Ĵӣʱ, ĳѾ, ˲һĸס
ͬãͬһ֧ӭȢ, ΪԪȥ
Լһ׮š
һ, СʱйࡰĳűҪһ, ǺԼֶһ𳤴ġ
ȵȢʱȻޡ
һѡϱ, һѡϱҪ˭Լ, 
Ͱõһ޸
ǲ͵ŮӣȻвòߵ, ûǿȵȡõһȻãòǵһ, Ҳ, ǵ֧֮Ůĸ޼Ϊ
ȢӣӸȴֻƽƽ̵ԼҵĸʤڶŮ鳤
Ԫ͸͵ˡ
ͬһ, һ߿ƣһϧ֮⣬֮С
ĳǲģ˵
Ҫɱӣƴ飬˵ԼˣµҲԼҹѪǿ϶Եģֺα˿Ц
ֶǽԴϲ
Ȼ޵ݣʱԼƴ󣬸Ǩŭһ֧Ů
ΪƽϢ̬˵ȢˣȢ겻һһľòɪгΪ
࿴ȷʵϲӣŭϨˡ
Ȼ·֮¡ӽ䣬գһһ檶Źˡ
ǰûϢҪӵһдԼĨȥ㣬Ȼ˸ҹʡ
룬Ͱѳиšʱ¶ȵˣԼ³ԼЩŤΣͶܺá
ת˰Σҹȥˡ
Ѿ˯ˣֱ룬ǰĴ˶һµġƿӣѹһСʲô£
һ£ϴһѣİ˵ˡ
ѱҴãôģ
磬ȥ𣿡
ҡͷ°硣
ǡһȥɡССʮ߻ȥ
ͷҸһȥҴ˵
ֵ˵һĬ˯ˡ
ʣ磬Լһô
˵˳Ļ߶ܻ˳Ļֻһߡ˵߶
һֱû˯š
ϴ֮󣬸ڳ緹ǰһȥš
֪˴ֱȥһǹһǰһŵڷɡ
һʱʳˮһǰһ
÷û̧ͷ˵ȷˣ˰ʳȥŲֵһʲô£Żˣ³޹֣
һü̾²ð졣
ͷǡʧѾãҿ»пΪ֮ġ
֣ҲҪһԡο֣Ѿôˣ˵ҲŻأ
ŵĵĲ֣⣬Լȥ˵պԼһᰤġȻϿܻеһʼպĶûˡ
̾˼ͷҽվͽ֣ɡ
ɵȥ˵á
ҡͷȥ֣š
Ȼ֣һȥ֣Ӳġ
Ķӣ֣϶ĻϾǵһϢ
Ȼ⣬žʹң̨ˡ
֣ųһù緹ã˵ԼˡЩԼˣֹ˼ԼЦ˵룬룡
˵ȻͲˣǺòװѴ忪ˣԼҵ˾ֳˡ
źʾ¡λ˽֮ʣµ˸̡
֣΢ЦţǲϢˣ
һϲɫϲ³Ϊ󣡡
֣һжֵøˡ
žͺһһժǹһͨ
ȣժǹ³Ľ㣬˵³֣ȢǾͳ³Ľ򡣱ȢŮһͷ͸һͷ
Σ³ǳ֣Ȣ³Ҳŷ֣ġ
ԺͣԺ󣬿СԹβ
֣˵Ķ˼֣³ʵá۸
ŵǰǴ³ƽϣСſ֮⡣ӭ³֮㣬֣Ҫúý̵³С
֣͵Ҫúһ룬ʵѾԸˡ
źǺ֣ղŵϵ˾֣Լʲô֣ٵ˵ˣҲ֪Ǻá֮д޹Ƕޣʵڲľôڲˡ
⻰˵Ȼ֣Ը⻻һ޳ɻ󣬵Ҫ³һ޳ɻҲҪ³Լ£֣ȥ³̽һ³⣬ٴժǹǲǵ²ƥ䣬ܲʤְ֮
磬֣ˡ
Դ̼Ҳϳ֣Ѿղˣʱ֣Ҳ
ڵãӲ֣͹¿ϴȻϥе֣ߣ³
֣⣬ιˣ
ö˶˵ģ³ʲôѵ˵ҪȢ³Եģ
㱧ס֣ȿ޵˵˳ʹһ³ʳҼҵ˸һȥˣ³ŭҲֲһմϢ³󽫾ɱҼˣҼ߸⣡
֣ǰŻҪжһˣͷ
̼ȷ·Ͼ͹ȥϢҲûл˹ȥҲ
Ȼƽ³Ϣһæȥ飬̼ڸذȫץˣҲûֱȫʧˣ
̼Ѫ
ΪϾӪѾнʮˣһʼֻ;³ʮΪ³̳ǵķ̼˼˵̼ҵ·Ǽڸذڵط˼ʧĴׯȫ嶼̼ҵˡ
֣ǲ֪ġ֣һֱΪֻ̼֣ûϵ̼Ϳʼ·
ǱҲ̼ҵ·
ֻһȥ³Ͷ·
֣ǰޣһģһҲΪµû֣Ρ
ٽһ·֪Ҫ̼꣬ھԲʧȥ֣
˵̼˭Ȼ³󽫾
̼ȥ̸ģǵǳĵڶΪ֣أɸ˹ȥհǰ˺²ȥû뵽³󽫾ȻɱȡĴ£
شŵʳ࣬Ҫ󽫾ΪȡǲʮʯĹ׾Ͱ̼·ϵʮݵ㣬ֱ̼Ҳ֪θ롣
֣Ѿӭ³ΪˡķΪ˸֣ʩ̼ҵĻᣬ֣ʩ̼Ҹжػر֣֣еˣ̼ҡ
Ȼ޵ôң֣Ȼ۲ѣٰ㰲ο㡰ж֮£޵øˣʼԳ̼ҹӦ֣̻ȥѵ̼Щǰ˳֣ġФ
̼ҵϵ֣ĵȻϵĳǡǰð֣ҪҳҪ̼Ҳ֣ġҳ
֣ǲţǰ˶ġ
ص̼Һ󣬹˲ãȻ˵̼ڲˣŵϵǿӲİѼϵ岮̼Ҹˡ
̼Զۣ·ϣ𳤱϶ʱˣѵ̼ܵȥָıһʱš
֣ʱˣĴ̼Ҹһ̼һ᲻İҪٵȵȡ
̼ǰǰ
塭ͷ̧ҿһۡ
ûд֣֪̼ˣĸ涼ֻڳӪԼʵǲôֵġ
ԣҪ֣⣬ͱ뿪̼ңס
һֻůĴͷСʱǰ뿪ܾã㶼̧ͷֱĴ˹ӣˡⲻܹ㰡
ľȻ˵Ұߵġ
ô᲻أ
ûдһֱڰƽϢеĲƽ֮ڼ֮СڣҲվ·
ǵ˵ˣܰʣµˡߡȻǿһڣͻĴңͲ㣬Ҳ޷ȡŴ
ǣҵֻżС뿪ΪôţϴӦõĲƲ
Ǳϡȥġ
Ժ󣬰ѳǽ˵ֻǸһ㻹ҪǮŻ㡣
Ц˵ֻǵĳϢܻ̼ʣµһУ̫ˣ
һһҹűͻݣڶ죬̧ȥ֣ǡ
ҲҡҡλεĹ֣ǰ
֣ʱˣæ㣺㣡ôˣ㸸״𣿡
ҡҡͷҸܵġ
֣жˡΪ֣֮ʵûһǳģֻϸҡһ̼ǸǺεȵģ
֣ס㣬ѿڶˣ򸴺󣡡


393 ѻ
ң̨֣ͷʹ޵һϷսɳǸ嶼õϢˡ
, Ҳпġ
ʱѾֶӰʿ, Ⱥг˳ǡ
Դ˾ſڶȻ徲, ÿֻбŰպͱʿӡ֬С̷Ƕᱻ˰, ʱӻᱻû, ڵİͶҪͺܵȥ򣬳ʹ, Ҳûл
֣·Ƿǣֻ̤Ϲ·ǽŲԽˡ˴׳һͬͬʿӣǰ, ʧ
һǣҪڻƻ֮ǰһС
ΪҰȺ˵Ϊ, ˶࣬ҲˣһȺмǣȥϮһЩСĴׯ, ׯ˲, ûйûʵĻͻΪȺĿꡣ
ң·̶ˣҹû˸·, ҲӪ
ûдҲûг˳ʿģ
ΪֶӰ·ͻп࣬һ·ߵñ죬ֱƺÿһӽ³ϲԽ¶Ц
ˡڼһδûжһĲԹޣֻǲ˵Ҳ޷˵ڣֻѹĵס
ֻǻص³ôġ»ȥǻᱳ˱ӣҲںڵԺ벻ЩƮƮģ·Ϸɡ
СʱֶڽĻ
֣һ˿𣿡
Ըȥ³ˣҲԸ֣ˡ
ǰվסͣƬ̣ת뿪ߵͥԺУͷеİ¡
֣˿Լ³ˣǱӵ֣³ˡ
길Ϊ˱ߣһ⸸ѡ񡣸ѡ˻˵ĻȥԶûйȥֵá
Զ֣Ҳ˯žתȦдõ£ѩ׵ĹֽڵīԵúڰ׷ԣ³ĶһʹãѸٵˡ
ˣ֪֪ܲƽ³ܲ¸ܲ»³뻶ģܲܡ
̾һ£ֻصǰ¶һ飬޸˼֣üָ˻
̼ҵǲ岻֣Լֻܼ֣¹Ҫȥ֣
Լܲƶ֣ӭȢ³ζԼ֣ܲռһϯ֮ء
ң̨ϣ֣ڽһ֮ٴ߽Ĺ
֪֮󣬴ҴҴãĽһ£ӭ֣
֣ʱ̧֮Խ£
󡣡֣첽ַϧɨݣļ򣬡ôôࣿŵ֣Уǹ֣Ů֣ϲһ泯֣ǵ졣
ֻ֣һ˫֣ס󣬾Ͳȥʣ¹ڵϵŮˣ
ǰһƬ֣ǾǿҲû˿֣ڴˣʱޣҪʲôʱޣ
ЩŮ˸޵øγϣ޵֣ҲȦ
޵ѣѩˣȥůůͰɡ˿󣬡ĪҪ󡣡
𶳻Լ¶֣æ֣ٽĽãʮֺֻݲ֣ܰİ˵ڡ
ů紺֣ߣֱӰ˴֮ڣ֮ϡ
ֻ̺֣Լ֣ϧ
֣һֺ˯һͼղ̺Լ˾ͺڴߣ˫۾ƬҲû뿪
֣ˣˣڿ𣿡֣һ䣬øѾˣʢС
һ˫űӣСι֣С
֣ˮһλū
֣Ϲˣһͷʳϣֹ⡢
֣ûпСʲôŵϤζЦͷӣ
³ʳ֣Ҳˣŵӣζ
ؽ֣ԵĲˣ˵Ĵۣ֣ˣΪ֣ܳϣٶһ̡
ֻ֣Ǵһһ³£İΪáԺǲù⣬ֳϲʳ֣Ѿˡ
ǲҪͻԹˡ
롣
˰Ҳ᲻󣬺β˵ֻ֣Ҫó֮λ³֮£ˣҲطֿˡ
ʳһٱ֣ԡˣ̺֣ϴԡ¡
ʱѾҹˣ֣ӵϣһ֣֮³
ղŻźε˲òҰףſ֣Уһ˫ֽӲĽץס֣Ҫū𣿡
֣ʱ³ʲô˼
ôҲ벻ԭԹģµģŮ벻ʹģ֣䲻ġ
ڲľ
޷룬޼ƿʩֻܳס֣½󣬲ͣİҪūūֻдˡҪūūֻȥ
֣סô㣿첻Ҫˡ
ϲֲ֮ţԥӭȢ³𣿡
֣Ϊ״ոϣˣֱ³
ϣλ
ϣԼߡ
촽ҧѪֻ૵ū벻ū뿪
֣Ҳ§ס᲻㡣
ūҪ뿪֣ֻεֻץȥһ
֣ƿ
Ҳ᲻㣬뿪
仰ΣͻȻʲô̽ʣūūֻҪڴ߾ͺá
棿ͷϵ֣ʡ
ˡ֣ҲԹΪУ룬ҲҰǲԹ֮ǰԼԼ뿪ȻٰȴԼҪߵġ뿪֣ǲǻ̤Թ֮ǰԾġ
ܻԹޱȵ˽Լĸûһ˿һĶŮ֮顣ܻȥΪԸ֣ΪҪ˱ȻŶáڱ֣صԹԾͿΪˡ
෴֣֣֮Լͻ֣˵Ÿá
֮󣬾Ͳ˳㣬´齣ǰ֣󣺡ֻҪūūԶ뿪ūūҲˡ׵ɪɪŶ顣
֣ܿͱˣ齰ֱ֣ͣ۷硣һҹȥ֣뿪ˡ˵ԹԲȴǰӣԲҹѾִԳ²λԸλ͡
µɫһһϲɫģҲһģ߲ѵġ
һһɨӣЦеԸͬ˵ģԸˣԼ
мŮվߵ࣬ʣµ˶ͷˡ
Ϣ˹ͶԼߵ˵ȻˣǾͻȥʰɡ
磬ʹԸ뿪˰˳ȥᵽƫƧһСס
֣ڵ˻󣬵ʹޣŹ˵Ҫ¶ȥˣȻݣݾӵСҡæȥ
ǵʱ֣ڵȥ
󲻿ϼ֣չţ֣˵ūҼ
֣޵֮УЩ»ȥ
ź޵֣Ǵ꣬ūûټҲûٵ󣬻ūȥ
֣Ҫ뿪𣿹²ù𣿡
źޡ
һһűµĹȰ
ֲٵ󣬿ڿ֣ΪŮȻҪ游
֣δ£Թ֣Ѻ֮
Բϳ˰ں˸˳
֣ǰ޵ȥҲûһԺգ֣˵һֱûлӦ
Ҳ֣һǰǸһ󲻸⣬ת֣
֣ŭֱ֮£մӦջ֮λΪˣ֮ǲϷ뿪
֣ߵ֣飬壬ǧżѻ


394 ˾ˣ
֣ʧȥѹ, ڵϴ, ͥǰ£, , , ¿һİһƣĳ, һʱ˵˸ЦЦ
֣, ôأ
ϵеĳ֣ΪԴӱС󣬵ڻϼ, Էˡ
Ǿͳ⣬취Է˿ϴ֣һ档
Ҳˣ, ̴ԼĽѡƽ, ò绨ͽԽǳ
֣ӵǰԷˡ
ʱ֣ߵĶѾƻʧɫ˱, ȴƴİΨԷˡ
һЩҰĵĹŮǻԷ˵С֮⣬ϣܼ֣
СЩӵǳխĹŮˡȶҪסļױֻܷ¿ϺĲסƮµѩ
󡭡Էˡ
ԴӰᵽһҲûˡǸŮвҹᣬǱ֣ܽӻ󣬵˷ˣӭЩŮ˲γѡ
ԷҲȥȰοȵйʱ취ųܲǼһ֣ˡ
ǻûлԵĻ
һŮǵ˵ˣˡ
෬ʣܾţٴӿĹᵽ˵ǻҳСңЩ罿һŮŵס
ŮʱѾֻʣһˡ
Щȥǣ֪ʱһŹŮϹʱŮΧڰǰĬĬᡣ
һŮӣ١衢ʫ裬нݲšҪѡٰ˶ೡᣬһϴʱ빬ɰȴԸԸ֣
԰Ҳһǳм˸
ƢЩ̫ˣͥǰ񻨣ܲð紵򡣵ܵѾһˡ
Դ֣Ժ󣬰ÿμǰͣȰ˵Щȥ֣ÿȰԼ޵ô
ˣͲôˣʱǰùŮȰȥ
ٴα֮ʲôҲû
û뵽ٴμʱѾҪˡ
Ϊûңȥסϵİ
ŮǶ˵һ밢ĺõŮӿ˵Ͳˣġ˵ܸ߷ˣ÷ڻģ鷳
סֻϵĹͷݵÿͻƵģƮƮĺֻʣһ·
ȡҩȡҩȥҩС
Ůæתȥȴ֪üʲôҩָʲôҩ
Űֽ֣УΪʲôô䣿¯أȡ¯¯ýҵƤ¯ӣŮŻ¯Ž˱԰ƤסַٰŽůš
һҩҲˡŮС밢Ƕˣͼ˽
ҩӹԼһڣûĽζһζģʿڡ
ŮԱϸϽ桢𻨡
ͷѰͷڻŮһ죬ιȥ˼ڡ
¸۾㱿󣬸ɬūۻ
£дЦϲȥҽˣЪһЪҾ㡣
ҡҡͷͷ룬ԷϸϸĻŨŨ࣬ٷһǣģϲòã
Ŭȴûæס𣬲ҪҪʲôң
˼£ס֡סкȴҵЦл˵Ƕȥ
˾Ͷȥˡ
һأʣˡ
ʱҲŲס᲻ͣĵ㲻Ҫҡ
𴭼£Ŭ۾רעЦūټá
¶ЦŹ££ҷ뿴ңҾ͸𿴡Һòÿ
ŬۣխСڻ谵
ͽ򣬰ССӳһ
У˵˵µˡšӦһڰͷǲˡ
ս֣ūлҪһҪǵã
һգỬգҼ£˵Ҷ£
𣺡󲻿Թ޴ڴһ֮䣬Ҫµûشġ޴ޡҪˣҪܵ³Ϊˡ
ĬĬͷҶġ
Ŭ۾һ֣Ͱͷߡ
С˵ӡҪһӣ󣺡š֪һһӣʱѾûֶղסˣ΢Ц˵ð𿴿㡭
ǰ򰢹
۾Ѿˡ
֣պµԷˣԹޣ
࣬ʤ£ɫ԰ףɫȴϲӯ˵ĽűͬŮһסĽſ޵ūΪūūūӣ
֣ԷЯݣôôࣿϸΪβʩۣ֬ٿͷͷΪһΣ
Ҽôʩۣ֬ͷҲ˼ȥǰҵ
ֺ֣̾αˣͷֻϹ֣űߣͷһûйش³Ϊ󡣡
֣ļ磺Ϊ¸ˣ󣺡粻ң³֣Ը׷ҩ£
֣⻰ˣҡͷˡ³齾ᣬֻµʱίܣԶһ㡣
͵ˣҾͱŲ³ңǡ
֣ͷ˸á
һִֻ֣ȥ֣ϣһٿ񣬾ͬˮβŮһ欵̬ǡ
˿һסֻ֣Ҫܳūūˡ
֣ҹŻصУû뵽ʧȥλ󣬵Եñոӿɰ̲סѡ
ֻԡ£ЪϢһ£ˣѾ빬ˡһҹû˯񳿾ƾϻ˯ǰĹ˵ʲôû
ĹǾȻķҴŴĺΡ
ѹҲ취
˯Ҳãѹ˯Ҳãô˵а
˸ͷȻ˽ӻ
һ˵ͷҵȸΪǡ
νǣ
ûӭһĸοȻͻˡ
˵µҲ˳µĴӦˡ
㵱治һЩ˶Ժˣ֣˯Ѿǻƻˣ滹˭˴𣺡̹ڡ
֣ǳϲ㣬Ե
һҾ١һ֣÷͸衣
ֻ֣˳ģ⣬һоүһ
̲ס³Ц˵Ů鲻ֻӭ󣬹µĺλ˾Ͳˡ
Цһˣʹʮ֣ЦǺ޽ϣҪµСĹµǺ㡣
һģȻǺ
֣󣬲ü̾ǰɻԣһ£ܾ֮ǰϲƭģڰΪ˲
³Ҳ³ô죿ҪСЩĺá³ԺȸһЩͷѱ˳֮ټӳ谮
֣Ц֮ʱһ谮̼Ůɡ
㲻֣ǰԼõֻ֣Ц
ڳΪ֮ж˳֣Ѿ⣬Ȣ³ŮӲŻ˳ӻᾴɷ
˻Ҫӭа
֣ʾҪ³ǰԡ
µ˶飬زȵģȥӿЦ֣Ҳ̫С׷³¶ҪԼǮ
ˣҲܲˡ
ֻˡ
ԼʱҲ˱ȴҪͻ³ȥҲǿЦ³֣ͲƲϲˡ뵽֣˴³
ϵĶȥ֣ԸΪ֣ӭ³
֣ϲ̼ġ
ûа͵³ͽң̨
̼˻⣬ֻҪžˡ
ȹ˼죬̼ûп֣Щ͵³Ͷˣԭ˵Ǹ³ʵǸ֣֣ͣһƴǣ͡
°³ĶС
̼ضˣЦǹ֣СؾͲϼ޹ˣ
³̨
˵¡
һԼҪ񣻵ڶ֣ǸСѱ͸ռˡ
Ϳ¶죺֣С
㣺ǿϧˡ
û취Ǯ̫ˡ
Խ˵ʳɡ
㣺ĺȱǮ
䣺á
֮͸
㣺Ŷԭˡ
䣺ô
һȥɱˣһȥ룬Ȼ˵һʳȼ
Ȼ򣺡ԭҪôá


395 
һѩԭ˼ɫװ, ƶءߵҰ׵Ĵׯ˺Ķװ֮, γ졢һһΨͼ
õǡ
룬Щ˲ɢζˡ
Ұ, ȴԲҰϲ, ǵκһط, ĲݡС֡ˮԴߣ֮ͻȵ, ˶ġ
Ŷǰн˴ʮӪˣڻ磬ǰ߾ͻᱻǰǳص̽ڷ֡Ǿ鷳ˡЩǳһôһȺѻѻǳӿȥ, ̾ͻ򸽽ĳǳʾȻ죬ǾͻᱻΧǵʿΧ
ѾˡԽԽ, ֣ҲԽԽʱһҹȥϻٸһ, ʱûһֻ
˳, ǵľҲǵʱһ϶Ҫһ򾡡
ͣΪû̴, Ƕûʳɳԣɢ뿪ѩڣڳһݸͻҲݸǾѩֹ
׶һ㣬ǻᡰˡ
Щ֣ˣ֪Щ˻ˣڵ洦ɼ˵ͷ֡ŵȵȣɱ˵ģͼϵġʳԡ
֣ʧȥ꣬Ǳţվǰߣϵ˾ǰܣһͣϯضźĶ顣
˾ԶʿѲӣʳ¯ӵů
֣˲ûг֧ʳĶ飬ԹΣеĻвԣЩе֣˶ɱˣʣµѱĹǵֻҪʱʹãֻΪʹãΪԼʹá
ʳɢʿǶϣʱܻмʳջõȥǵ嵽ǰʳȣֽȥһǵͷ̵ʳȥ
ˣ
Ǳߣ
⼸ܴһԶ乭һЦһĴܻľһڳԵġ
һЦ䲻С
һ䲻Уδ䣬ָһɣң˲Զ󸪵֣ǰ˵м
ֻעģм֣˶Աߣסʱٳȥǰ˻ûѾԶļˣʣµ֣˲룬ҧ˳ȥ
ֱŻðĸȥ
ԽԽˣ
ǶܿĹףкɫ飡˱ǣнζС
ĴʹһӲĶ塣
ǰ˼ĵڵϡ
ö
ֻһܳԵˡ
ϣĴһ࣬˵Ǹûȥ˰ɡ룺ôˣ
üͷţҡͷ̫áһԴ˵첻ˣ״̫ڹĶɱ˸ףѾٸ׽׶Ʋȥˡ
˵һŵô죿٣ٲȥ͡ץģ
ȥɸȴȥغãɼΣʲôز
ҪȥҲóȻءĶҪȲ
ĸ˵ƲãҴ뿪֣ˡ
ĸ˵Ķ԰ԽԽ䣬ǵıȴ޼Ҳˡ
ڶ˷𣬻ûΧأıˡ
ǵҲ˲٣Ҷؼˡ
ͷҲôġֻЩ֪Ǻá
ĸͷ׷׸⡣
Ǹ³ˣСɵģǸӺܺ𣿺β
ס³˲ˣ빫Ӹء
ӣҿǰˣЩʳͻȥĺá
ͷã
̶󣬵ձˡ
Ժֶʣµ˵ǰ̣֮һʳͻҸΧҸҪҲܰеĶͻȥҰ֮УƬ׶֮أβ
ĸʣµľ͵Ӳһơ
˵ǲɷּҵӵܣһСҰȥĲҲ԰š
ǲͷ
һ˵ҪôĻСǲã٣иˣڰ˴ᱻʳȥǣ˶࣬С֣СӣǶһ㣬ҲѰ
ֵͷҲá
ȻҪˣͲЩ֣ٸϡ
ˣǰ߰˳ʳѹһء֣˿ʳ˱ģһӵϣݣȵϵ˺ͲӰˡ
һܳȥʮŷŲתȥһû׷֣ˡоͶɱˣҪڡ
һͷȥӱޣһ̾ͿӰˡ
飬˰ѵȲҲȥʼ硱ɷּҵĹˡ
ĴڳԣΪҪˣ˻Ц룺ȫһӡ
ڳھˮھ棬Եʲô
Ц˽
һΧЦ
ЦԣһӼﱻϳĹӣûн飿˵ָŴ˵Сǣҽ˰ӽ˴ʧɫҪӣһϣϸٰȥ·ڵϹһƨȥ׷ĳӺÿɶ񣡡ЦŰѳŹؽ˽˰ѳϵÿЩԴ˵úܣҪҵϯӵġ
˷ܿϳвһ࣬ͷȥͷһƫˣϡϯϡСϵĲմˡ
˴ЦܻȥԼ·
Цһ۹·ֻýٻһµģͻȻǽңк
סӳ̽ԼϣͷʱͼɽҰǳɱˡ
Χˣ
ЩʲôʱΧģָǶãǴģΪʲôĿģ
ӣȦɱˣͷԶѩﵹһˣϤˣ֪ĵ
Ĵˡ
һ˲䣬ŭֱţ޲ɱǰ
ܿ侲ԴתŶ麰ϣǮ³
Ļǰߵʿ̰ѵǵǲﶯţţһɣǶǰȥصǰʻһβͣ
ҲһĻŵǰȥʿǾ͸ȥɱֹ·ϡ
ϵȫѩסƵĹ״Ӵйѩ׺ۺڵĴϡ
һӶʿӳǰܹһҲ
ˣʳзǮ䣬ĲƥͣֻʲôǼߡ
ٷ׷ɱЩˣΪһ׵£û뵽лнšҲգķЩûûС
󽫾Ѿн겻ˣܾǲǴ󽫾ˣ
εһҪɣ
پеĳɱ
ɱ
񻢰ľӳɱȥ׷ȥھǼʱ򣬾ûһ
ߵֻǧ֣࣬˻ڡ
ںҲˣ
ֻܴƴӡ·磬֪˭֪ж٣Բֻܴӣ
ٸм䣬ΧһܣвǼ縺Ŵұ֮аߵ
ӣǰǽǣһϤĵò̺ǣˣĵĵ
Ѫսʮĳǳأ˳ǲر࣬ݷ㣬Ǹս֮ˡϻû֣ںӣͲȫû
ѾˣȻǣʾǵѾǣѾ˷
ǰ̫ܵ죬вˣ
ӣҧϣһһĵˡ
ֻԥһϢһգһҧĵ˶һȥ
׷ں棬ǰ澹Ȼֿˡ
׷ıߣʡ
ԥһ£׷ߵģ롣


396 շ
֣³ı߾һðʮţڴ˵ءǷӡū, ̶һͽһɲС
ٽ, 򸽽ׯİնһĳܵջ
Щŵĸ, ԭһһÿ춼̿, гû, ֻҪ֪ҵĵַҲֱȥҪҪⷽ㡣
һƤáǿĺӴҡڵĴг߹, ܳһȫ̿һǾƺ
ϵ˿ֳŰĺȫܵԶԶġ
ӹһ, һװƤĳδصң, ʱţһ̽ͷ˵ȥƣ򼸴׻, 첻ˣ
һÿ·˰ѳƽȥ, һߵûֻڽЩ28գ
մжǴ25տ30գ28ȥȻûУ
пʱǻŶأ
̵ĽŷͥԺѻж, еĻϰæȥ̲סֱһ;ƣҲһ·ˣһ˵￴жִӳһֻһˡ
һ˽вһ䣺ȥӣ
žƺܵһСԺǰȰѾƺСڼɽȻվԺǰʯǰӣһˡ
ԺܳһСͯĶԺ˵
Ӵ󲽽ȥСͯʱͷ͵ҵĶ
СͯԴû㿪ȥˣ̵ԺĴѰңϻغӰѾƺϣҳˣΪСȥߣСˣ
ӿСͯͷݶңٺһЦ̧Žݡ
ǰһŰǰһ˰ĹӣϥϸһźƤһ飬ӽЦˣ
ӵǰĢ́ͷġڼҲˣĶ࣬ԺŮëһƽʱҪһֱԺдţܳţþˣ۶Ҫˡƫƫǰλòף٣һοֱۣӶ˵ʲôһ䶼ûȥͱһ˸úýѵһ٣Ժٽͷ̧ˡ
ˣֻǴûǮչЩ
ӴǣǮҲȥȾƣǣٶˣӷҷ
ΪչӻǲʣûϵȻ˵Ҽǵôǰ͸ÿˣЩأûҵǼȥ
ƽʱһǼµģ٣ֲ˻ûУҵ˼ȥǿġ
ӵȥȥˣֻû˿š
ɫһ䣬ѰһȥҴһ£һЩ˶ܵȥˡ
ӻæӦһܳȥҰˡ
ͥԺѾ̼ҵĽŷ佻ҪʲôˣӽҪȥ
æ۸Ѽһֻֻ
Щ۶˷֮ģͼˣȱ첲ȵĶУһֻ첲
æֻ
˻Űߣһ߰ѹӵĻѧһ飬һߵӲ֪ôģɫͻȻˡ
סţܹ뵽ʲôˡӵ뵽ʲôҲ²ֻӵĻѰ˴
µѲסǣպڹֻ꣬˵ҪЩ⣬ǽڡ̶÷·£ȥ·ƥͷ˼ҵˣ˼Ҿÿţ˵Ҫɴ
Ծɰģž͵Ҫǧʯơ
߱ǵ˼ңһ죬ɫÿź˻һѰûУ
ûУأ
ÿţȴ˵˲ڡ˵ҵڼҵģɶ˵ˣûʳҡ
˴ʱҲòˣЩ̼õģͻȻ֮䣬ˡ
˻طºӡ
ѾֻõĽѼðСͯһ˵˵ǻŽ˶ģղһֱϷء
ͺһл
ָŰںõʳ÷ɡ
˴죬ˣݰͷĹֻʱʱЮһڣӿǰСˣһըƶһըơըǰѩѩ׵ʳըɽɫٷŵȥٵζʳʳóԣԹһξͰòУֻǼеĴ۲һǹԼ˲³ġ
кҲҿҪԡ
ǰķԹˣҲˣӷ¿˰ʳȥʱǰﻹʣ¼ըƣ̲סҪǲˡҳ԰ɣ
˺һۣȴֻЦһЦ԰ӶݸСͯҪʳһ;
Եơ
ỹڳԵĺӣЩת򰢽Ǳô
üǺѻˡҪôǹⲻˡʣӣǲǳʲôˣ
ҡͷȷʵǳˣֻǶ֪ȥһ֪ʸ
˽߱ңչɫǼҸҿŰѺȥģƼ˵ӦǼġؾ֪ġ
Ҳ뵽ˣ;ưʣµըƳ˸ɾٰѱеľһһǽ٣ûȥҡ
ӵҪͻ͵ȥɱˣٻҡ
뺺ӻݻ·ǣŵ⣬ǱسڣֱһҶȥ
·ϣС԰˵ӵǲǡǱϾǹӵ˰
ӹ䣬Сһȥ
ҲˡӽһˣΪ׮ϾȻģӶǴܻ䣬Ҳûʲô±ܿʲôȥҲ˲ɡʱˣ֪֮УͶЧֲĸĻֻͥš
֪뺺ҲǴСһ𳤴Ľ飬֪类Ӵ򶯣ֵıǰƽʱҲӸǰգʱ˵һ乫ӵĻ
ʵġ
⺺ΪʲôʱᱻӵķɴңҶǵʹùġ
ٺãҲˣڹߣ񣬹ڿƺǺ޽٣˭֪ôأ
һ߾ԼһҪźӡ
ӼҲ˵
죬ǱһҵǽǣȵϵˣǱȥ
ҵķǳúܣһݣ඼Сݡڴǰһ֪С˯ĶˣǸˡһȥݰˣһȥСɱˡ
ӰСʮ˶Ĩ˲ӣתݣհ˸ѺڵϣɱȻ鷳ˡ
ǰæ˰˸ӣڼϣǽȥҹǣܵһ˷ϣԶˡ
һ·һǨûõСׯȫʮˣ׳ĺӡ
ƥû壬ĹͿнʱ￿ļ̱¹һӳ϶е
ûͺ࣡ңЩõŷӭЮһˣŽʣʲôˣ
е⣬ҵȰˣ
˵Ƕ֪ǺҲͺӶҲҪǻȥһŹӰɣȻ޴ֻСͯʹۡ
û𣬺ӵȻˣһȥˡ˵Ҳֱӵתͷȥˡ
źӵıӰָŵϵ˵ҿȥɡ
糿Ÿ˳һȥʳˣõĲడ˵֣̼ҵһ·˸Ǿ⣬Ȳǰѻﶼ˵
֣ʲôϵ
ðװ˷һڴ˯һŻ
صУţӭȥʲôˣ
˵֣̼ҳ¡
ŶǸ̼Ұʳ˳ɶǴ̼ģͬҲ̼˼ۡ
Ǽҳʲôˣ
һ·ɨˣǳԷļһû˰ɡ
ӴڣЦ˻
ӣһĵӣҲȥ㰢˵ץסСͯƨɣµľƺͼǲˣǲǣǲǣ
Сͯ۸۴ޡ
ЩԹӵ̫ˣȥЦᣬأҪˡֻʳЩһӾ˻Щģ
ҡͷҲ֪
벻ͨģܾùӵӸǲһ
ͣһ˵ͰŽ֣̽һ̽ܲҵǹӡ
£ҲɹüˣԵͷʲôҪ
ԥһ£˵ҵ֣б䣬ǹӡܻ¡Ǿȥҵû¾ͺã£취֣ȻӦ
ʧɫ˲϶˵һҾȥڽǰֵİţȥ
ŻãȻ¾ţ
˴װҴҳ˳ǡ
ߺСͯ湫ӻյ裬˻Ĵ۽ˣʷҪҪŻȥ
ҡͷ˽ˣ˵ܡһҲС
ҲҪһЩŲ⡣
Цʲô⣿һ˳뵽³ʱɰܼ֮Ȯ
ʷΣҪ
ҡͷЦɡ
ȥŲᡣ
ʮ󣬰ŶԻˡûţǳҹǽǰ£Сӣӡƿ
¹⿴ˡҹӿɺã
ҡҡͷֵͷӾȻˣЩˡҧҧͷʣӣûкҼҹӣ
ҡͷҹӱ˺ˣ𣿡
ҡͷҼҹӲɣߵˡӣҼҹҪȥ
£ȥ
ſ´Ь̲סӣһѶ̵ɡ
ͷЩԾĿ
˵Ҳǡ
ûвأ԰˵ģûкҹӣغ¡
ҧǽȥܵ⣬˵ӣһỤ㡣
˽ʱû˯š˰ɴˣˣȥˣ빭ǱȥһΣգ뷢Ҳܽ˳ʷһë


397 ֮
Ŵ뿪ǲƥ, βں, ƺⲻơ
ź޵ҧ˵ӣ㵽ǰһ߷ֱסҪǰ, Ȼֻſˣúôں氲ȫ
ҹӵˣŵͷҡͷ, ҼҹӵˣȴҼҹӵĺ
˵Ͷˡԭ߲˵, ǲ֪Ǽļλ׳, Խ޴ҡ
δظ, ЩǿЩҹӾͺˡ
ԣݺݳ, ʹ, , Ѻ˦һΡ
һ㶣Ҳ˼ָ, ϰͻȻ٣һоͳ˲, бӶͷұߵϳȥ, ַţ˸ţʹ, Щˤȥ
һһҲͣǱ߰ѾּӱܿˣͷүүĵٸҸүүҪǵ
һһˣͣͼһ
˵˻Ƿ˲ɣ
һҡͷ֪ʲôѱǡ
˵˽˸񣬶̾˿
ϰɡһ˵
˵ֻʹҲ׷ˣֻԶԶš
Ŵܵһɽºȴǰֹ
ţл콲ҪϽȥҹӡ
ŵӣĻȥҼҹӣҵҼҹʱߵ˶챻ɱˣҼҹҲˣʱ˵㡭֪£ŻҼҹӣŻǹȥˡ
ͷδ䣺ҹˣ
ҡͷҼҹӡǲŵģ⻰˵Լ飬ֺ޵ڸһ˵һ߲ս˵
Ǳߵ˶ҪɵġһЩ»ȥĹӹ³˵ƳȥɽţһͷҲȲ
ŵӣ߰ɣ
ԿοҹԼȣҼûкôȥҹӿȻˡҼȻСǻǻǲҪٵˣЩȥɡ
ű˵ȻϣԼҹӲҪɷĿ·ãһɽ£Сׯȥ
СׯûڵҹСյˣΧֻյ
һֱһְΧֱ壬ΧĲܿһû⣬ǶǵìĹâ
ûǰʹɵˣ
Ĵ󺰣Σϵӣȥӭһӭš
ͷ齱ߵһ˲ҹģźʲô治£͵ûĻȥӭ͡
Ǹŭɫһۣû˵밢ŶҲҪˡ
۾˯һ㡣
⣬Żδһֻסɣһְһ˫۾
ǰǣһۣôĿŵȥ˾ܿˡ
С
ǵΣգ׼ʱ
ҵĵ̣ҵˣһ˳ɺͳ
ٷ
ԾЩԲɣ񰢾ɴûжԲǣȴҪơվѰ
˰һۣסȥˢɽȥ
һ۶ʱˣ
˼ǣΣգỤɳһֱܼʱɾߣ
ŴûôתͷǣȥˡûūֻԼʰ˳˳İǣȥˡ
ȥﲻ󣬵ƣɷĶǣǰǰͷһͻᱻЩ¡
ֹ糣ЩûжĿ¶׹⣬ԽЩˣֱߵǰϵʱ𾪣ӣ
һˣնʺᵽҼβǱһֻ󵶻ìһ£ұܿҪȻͷҪһ롣
֮⣬ϣϸƤãȴܿѪɼϻˡ
ԣ־ҪƤÿˣһ̵۾Ҫѵϣһǰסˡ
˭ҵʿ
ƽͣʱĹ͸ʹ˯ء
òᣬҪƽһĪҪ˹Ӻ˯
˲Ųò졣
ƿƤò鿴ƣԽԽü㶼ˣصһ
ۣЦɼЦˡ
ҡͷӱ˵ˡ԰˵Щ˶ȥðŽ
룬ͷʣµ˿ɶˣһ
Ŵˣ
ӵɱˣ
üһ԰˵ɱ
δ䣬̵ѾʣǰǸ˾Ǻᵶ˻æĵѾ
룺ȵȡ
ĵͣ˾ߡ
ɪɪ˵
˵˰ɡ˵û۾
ü԰ϳȥǣзϵģԿɱ
ѹھϣղҪ¶û˵ˡǻѹ룬Υ˼ΪҲú³ˣҲ³ˡ
˸ɾ
ѰҲˣһţһشҪ˽
ƽ򣬰Ƥƿ⿪·ʣߵˡ𣿡
۾ãȻʮΪҶϺӦáˡ
һ󵶿ڣ¶˿ڣֻ±ѧҽӿɸҽУ
ٶ۵תͷЦкβң
ðȥ룬ҲͻسȥȡҷС
ץץͷ˵ûŮˣӦûɣһȥȡҪʱˡ
˵ǻȥ
æܳȥһԶ
˵õȤӺβ˵˵֣£ʲô˲Žй˴
ʲôˣ
ԼҲ˵塣һʼΪ³ˣɲ֪֮Ϣֻʳͳ֣ɰæţæˡɱ³ɱѲׯʳߣȴ˲ֺ
ԣɡ
֣ˣ
֣˶ǸΪֻǸߣвϧҲҪġ
ӲߣƴֻΪɱһѪ·ʱԷ̱ӣ˫˶СµزԷҲûȴ
ǵģЩ˵ĿΪɱġ
ϧΪɱ
ߵ˶ˣĶˡ
ɣˡ
ҲŸղˣŵģֻɺߵİ밢š
Ѿˣ˵ֵȫ˻ãڷ־Ȼпˣͬڱ¶֣һ˫۾˲ѪŵǷ
ҪɱˣҪɱЩˣ֪˭ǣǾͶɱˣɱ˾ˡ
۰̾ҪȰҹƽͻ
ס֣ҡͷڲֻܻ࣬
һ£ͷȻӣӣҪ࣬Ѿˡ
仰˵ᶦλʱĸߣĸлᡣʱȥպܾͻʧ̫֮λ
ҡͷ һȥҲûáϵˣȻһֻ۾ǿġϹˣȥô
ȰֻȰŻʱڻˣߡ
պ̫Ҳˡ
Ȼ󰢾źͰݷĿ߰ǵ˿ڸˡ
ȶģӾͻ˰ɣ
벻ۣۿԼĶӱ似һ˫۾Ŀ
ҡͷŧˮҪٲ𿪣ȡŧˮٷϣ֪Ҫأֱ˿ڳá˵ܿȥܺˡȥҾֻܰʬͻȥˡ
ۿƤ˿ʧģɵĸ㣬ȻԼҲת֮£ڣĳǡ
԰Ͱ˵ǵɺһ£˵øˣ˲ɣɱ֮˯۾˵͵ûӳ֣ɡ
밢Ŷһۣǡ
ʰߣˮо֣Щ
ŵȹ𣿡
ҡͷҳԡ
˯ŵۣ¶Ц⡣


398 ζһ
ʧѪ, һ˯͡˯Ҳûѡ
ͰŶֱתȦ, ȴҪǲܶ˽һ֡
˵һֱûѡ
ԣ⼸켦಻ͣͣɻǰһֻС¯ҩ, һ翪һ, ںһú˽ȥͰС
̽, ͰŸ𵲼ݡ
Ӳˡ
ϢӾ, ¡
ҪӲ, ͰžɫһģյǰλӲ, ֻܲˡ
, ȥû֪, Ҳû˸һɣ滳ô죿
ż, 
Ȱ侲Щ
Դ侲ҿɾúõǧ˴ֻʣһٸĸȫˣʣߵ˻, ȥ˵壿
ᶦܴҵĸΪͷ, ֶγǸȱԺһõܣһ֣ȴֻᶦµȵġ
ᶦ, Ǹʹ˶ı֣˸ɾ˵뻹ˡ
ᶦͻð亹
ֻһ취ɱ³ˣԻǲ⡣
ҡͷҪɱĻҪɱĸȻһȥ·һ
ûףˣŶԣ³˵ļҲܷŹ˵ʹȻسȥ³˼ȫɱ⡣
ڵָźͰ롣
һôҪɱǣ
ָ˵Ҫɱ
ԵĶҪĳˣ⻰ȥˣ޵ֲ㣡ΪݺңҼʱ˵Ҫˣ
ڵŲţɱǸ³ˣͰ㵱ɺˣϲˡȥһ¾ôġ
öˣҪţֲҲţɣ
ڵ˵Ͱһֱ³ߣҪɱ³ˣҪɱͰţɱˣֻʣ°һɱɱһҪɱ룬ȥᶦҪɱɱ룬ȥ״ᶦҪɱ
ˣת߰ʮȦͣ૵ܰɣᡭġ
ֹ˼ա
Ÿһܳˣյҩġ
ѳϵԺУڴԺѾֻʣˣ˶ҿͳͳϵԶȥˡ
ѳϵҩȫڵϣƽţǰЩݸҶɻǮأȻⶫôҩ
һ죬ˣ԰˵ȥҼҩ
п࣬ϲ¶أ
˵ˢһҪˮ򰢾ţҪ
һߣӣȥÿ𣡡
ҪˮҪˢҪˮŲأָͷᶳģ
˶̫棬žͿһ̬ϥڵϣһ֦ݲݣϸϸȥϵٰݲҶ˳֦˳İһԡ
ϸ»ɼʰ𵹻ġ
ұԹǰ춼ԼһҩĶ󶼵ˣӿϧܲܺȣɻЦĶҲˣҩ֢ȥǶˡ
ѧɵҩʮ֮⣬ȻҲúЩݲݣ
ôһʱȰͿﶼ˸߸ߵҩģ˵ˮѾպˣӿȥϴϴͺá
Щҩôʰʵ붼òϡ԰Ÿô˵
ȥԡˡж㣬ҲҪÿԡΪû취Ӽ·ھһܸ£ֻϴԡˡ
ϴ󣬰ͰѾҩĶˣ̫Ҳˣǿʼҩ
˿ŵҩģȡķŽУʼҩ
źͰһһȥ
֮ǰÿһ죬ǶġȻһֱûѣҲûأŶϴοˡ
Ƕģڹһģ
ŵһɿζζһֱһŵˡ
˰칦Ű۾Ҳոմһ˵
˵ӣҩ᲻ְˣԭҩ
̵˵ҹͲˡ
ԭҩǸȵġ
Ŭſ죬Ŭ˵ҡ
ˣæһ۾һ죬Ĵˣ˰죬˵ҩҡ
ЦҩζģˣȺȵˮ졣
ŲҽУסܳȥܵºݺݰѰˤϡ
һǣͼŸõˮˡ
Ȼ׹Ҳȥ
ͷˮյߣֻܺһڡ
ģˮ죬Ȳĺһڡ
̱ˡ
źͰԱߵ۾żֲҶӣǹӺһڣ
ҲˮУһ
ҡͷ˵ʺǺڵģǳѪһĳˣʱܳԶҲ̫ܺˮ
ֻԼƮƮĶˣ˵ҲҪҪԶˮʲôʱܳԣ
˵⼸ҿڣǺúõģҲûɫû
æ˵˺üҩƣء
ĵлҶɡպ󡭡ӵлЦŶ˵պҾ͵̫ӵлˡ
ЦϾһۣ˺ûоۣ˵˺۾ҪˣˣǲǾͲˣ
һ¶ӣֻһ鲼
ʱʵУ˵ˣҾֵܡպ󻹷ʲôңҵľġ˿͵ܵܣöҪˣ͸һڳԵİɡ
Цˣ˵û˿᲻ʺԺͿԺȵˡ
ӸסҾȻ͵ܿۻ࣬޵ݣ
ʲôʺճϻҸء
³ײϰ¶ˡ
ͰæʱһһȥϴӺͱˣ˭ϵأɾ˳ʰˣȥҪˮϴʱͰŲ֪Ӵ˲粽¡
ôûôǰᶦĴأǾ͹ߵˣڳˣֶǰȥˣ
ԽʲôԽʲôԴ󣬲֪ιʣһֱۣ¸Ҳ׹УƵƵб
ȥ͵ܳȥֻȳ¶Ҫ̲סֻϽɳȥ
̺룬ԼҲй֪ôˣȥžƨҲţȻ˿ڱˣҪѪ⼷͸ˡ
ǰųȥŻûؽŵ˹ɶḯζƮɢ
˵Źˡ
վڴ˵ҪΡż
߷ζԼܲˣȴȷʵ÷ЩеҲˡסǣ԰Ͱ˵£ɵ̹ˡ
Ϣסӣһģ˲˵ͷʰо֡
ʱˣ˵ҰˮˡվԶЩվϷ紦Ȱ·ӳɡ
һһȥˮһݣܵԶԶģ
ѾܷˣȻϵ˿һֱۣƺԽԽۣȴԼܻˣ״ͶѾİ˵ƻȳȥٽʰ
ͷҲȥ˻Űһˡ
뱻ˣЦҲˣ۵иͬͬ
ϣ˰ͣӺȫ泩ˣͣһַҩˮڣų˯ȥ
ʱ񷴵ûá
û˯ðɣ
ͷһֱۡҪҲ˵˵ҲҪʮģ䣬˿ںó׷úúҩһҪҪŻȥ
ҡͷ͡ˣҪߣ߰ɡ
Цߣ
һ⣬ǵȻҡ
ЩӦûתȥԭ˰ɣ
ðȥϣԺڹȻˣ˵ҪȥյϢᶦýᶦ
ûܽݣ˵꣬ͽȥˣһ˵ӽҴΪףλһ·ƽչҡ
Ժڶ벻ܲѾˣѾ϶ôûãȥ취
ᶦɲֹһӰ
ٴȻʹ뿪ˡ
ȥǣ˵ӣʮˡ
ںĸҰһ£ԷֳԼĴֻˡ
˰ĻĬġ
վɸҩιҩҩûˣˡ
ðŻȥȡһЩûʱŻһ٣ҲżͥԺеһ
ὥɢˣá
ʮգѾԼҲԳԷһֱˡ
Ŷ˵һƿ㡣
ԺȰķȫ꣬ʣμƣ
˵Щûдߵʳڣ֮ǰҵģҲûͻֳǡЩһ˵ҲʯЩʮʯΪһ
Ļ˵ˣͰԱҲˡ
㲻ΪҵģҿȸˣصٰǮ
ԭǰ׸
˿ղǲţǲйƣȴֻʣ¸ж
ɲûеߵǸð
ʲôҪġ
ԥһ£ʣʲô͵ܵģ͵ܾܵҡͷڰﲻҷֺܰ㡣պ԰λ˳
˲ˡūͳȲӵܣûԶܵǵΪʷְ֮ǹ͸гģվɻǲܵǰ빫ͬһϯͬΪ
Ѿûа⣬ģֻڴˡȴΪ̫ӺҹĳʹһְٻͿԸһˡ
Ϊ٣ص³³ǲĬӵģһְСһĹλ֪ܵ
ԸĳŵҲȷʵΪ¡ȥܴûصõĻرˡ
֣һŵ
ȥģ


399 
³Ѿӭ˴졣
ľ, شѿ
гĻ, նŶӣ̸ֶʣ˵˵, ̸̸۽, ӹúң
ֳֵĵطˡ
Դӽ߹֮ʱ˶ܽȥ, ǡΧѾµסլҵ
Ԥϵһ, ҲͰ˺һСڽʱ־鶼, ֪Ĺ죬øȨԡ
뿴һĻ
˶ʼϰ߶һʱ, ƵֳǱؾʱ˳µˡ
Ҳ, ò˵, еǳ棬ṩµ˼·
ǰһ³ǽ, õ³ǸɳѧϰɳǵԽ, ʷԽƾ, ģԽ׳ɹ
򵥵ģǴӾɳǵнһӵܵ³ι٣ܰѾɳǵһϰ״ȥˡ
þɳȥ³ѧϰ, ³ǲǹģϻʷ϶ȲϾɳǣ췽ҹ̷ǲ¡
͸˷ʱȥԡαҪ׷ѹأ
ö֤ˣʵıɳǵĹҲûôѡֳǱȶУֳңֻգھֳڱӰ졣
ռĵˡڷͷûӣֱ
ǰֳһƬʱû˹Щĵأֳ⴦СׯǿʼֵԺ󣬾˶Щûпĵط
ùֽ빣ıѾЩطĳҸռˣҪ࣬ҲҪ졣
ҵһֱôǿҡΪԴ˵³ģòȥռ³ȻȦһ³һ飬ռУϵģʵӵ³
˵ֻӵԼڵĲƲžͳǷչıܡ
ϡϡϡһָֽϻͦġ
ⷽ棬ҴӲ˺ֻһζˣͻӵ
õʲôֶΣֽ빡
ǲҡ
˳һáξ̲ʳĿΣܵ˵ҵֶĽ֮Ƿǳº͵ģһ˿ȱΪƶϧζ
û˰Ż˵Ļ
԰˵µľ˰ˣһǮһֵصģһ꣬ȴ˵ĶӣʱеٱȥۣǾѩϼ˪
Ƕη˰绢
ԣʱһ㣬ֻҪ㵱ҵˣ˰ǽˣ鶡ĻһСׯʮ׳鵽ӣǵҼҵ˺ڼǧи׳鵽أ
ٸ㣬ӿúܸߴǿ׳ԸԸҼҵĻѧһȭŹأԺ㲻ҼҵԻҲܺڰ
ٸ㣬ӿԸ⣬ԵҼȥһ飬ȻֻǸڹߵͯҲʶ֡
һȭлֲܼӦġūֻǵڰԼֵˣϢңϻܱġ
˵ͷֲðǶҪӦˡ
һ˿Цõ£ЩŮΪӵԽԽˡ
ˣ漴ˣЦҲˡ
˵ȻӸô˵ʱҲ˵ǰѼӽǴߣǲҪŮӡ
ǰŮӲܵң˵ҪϸʱҲòʹһЩֶΡ
ǸŮԵλ¾ͱˡ
ȣŮڼҿԶһʳǸɻǮã԰ǵǶԸŮԽԽࣻ
ΣŮҲ׸̳мҵӿԳȥѧ£ҵŮڼТ˳˫ףŮҲֻҪŮҲˣӴ˽ߵڲˣ
ɡа硱ţŮ׸ڵµĴׯǰδеʢ
ڻһ׮ְҵר˽׸򶼳ˡ
׸ǼгӣҪ˫ףԴӡΪѣ
׸ҪգҪĸҪ̳ϡ
ЩǷϵģһЩ˽µġ
Ҳɫĸѧ
׸ҪᣬϾлӵģҪмҵģ಻ãĺܺ
У׸׸ǰҪ

㣺Ͼлӵġ
ȻҪǷ󡢳á
ǺʵŶ
׸˵нˣͰҵĲƲ̳У˼жӵġʵǽŮУǰŮˣ׸ʵһֵϱ
׸Т˳ô죿

ŮӵļױﶼһְΪġѵ
ΪڻŮ٣Ӷ࣬ĴׯԶŮ˶࣬׸ֹŮܻͥӭӵļͥҲܻͬӭֻͨ³ӣʣµĶӶͳȥ׸ŮģҲ׸ԸŮ޳ȥ
˵Ƿݰ׵õʳ᲻ü޳Ůټ׸ٰ׵øͶһǶĽԸϵĸߡ
˵꣬͵ȹôԸЩռ˵ҡ
Ҳܼ򵥣˰
˰ǺܺҵġðϵƲǺĻģ˸ΰȵȡ
ǽ֣Ļ£Ҳþиʽˡ
Ҫ֣³ŲɣжϾҪͣĸ֣ģš³ǾԲᱳġ
˵˵һ䣬ԼĻ
˵Ҫ˰û˰˵˰Ķҥ
Ŀ

֣Ĺϵ
Щȫ³飡
֮ȥռЩյıˣƭΪūǿĵضΪвʰǡ
ʰΪҪ
ֻҪްθһСȹ̵ҶᱻƵġ
ǳˡˡ֮
ոһѹҲ԰ЩٸųǼΪ
µûеҼҲֻܼա
ΪҪǵա
ҲΣūҵģ³ġֻǵûôŻûԸ⵱աڻܸ̫ôֻȱǵգƵǾֻԶˡ
Զֻˡ


400 Ϸ粨
һŷѾɵĵ˲Ǻõ, ʱٷʡٲζü, ڸɵ֮ǰһжҪ
ȸ͸˸ףҹΧס⼸ҡͷ, ʡΧֵĳ̶ȡ
һֻҲҪųȥ
ˣһ, ⼸ϵѪ˽ӵȵȶΧˡ
˶ʱⲻƨһܽ˹
㻹û˯, ĥβ, ˶֪⼸ί˶ҿ˵
ɺҪ
, Ҹ˰꣬裺
ȥˣʱӲǰѰ򼷵һ, ǿȼһ, ɴҲ, ſڡ
ⲿڶҹ裬ε, ŵ⡭ĵ˵꣺涼ˡ
ֶţΧΧΧ
Χ˺ü֡㵹裬ָ
Ⲳ, Ű, ָŹ㣺㡭鰸ֽһȥֽվ䴦ĻԿ, տǰоòסëֽˣ
תͷ㻹Ǳ߻ȥȲ裺õĲ衭ĺҪҳΪʸ֮𣿣ȥȭͷҪ
⿴
סⲵ֣֮ⷽȭץͷ⣬伫
˶괭ŸһˣϢƽ󣬹Ⲱһŵֽӵˡ
㲻д֪ҹ³׶֮أ
ⲶŹ㣬ֳɱִҪдҾֻɱˡ
һ½󣬵Ҳ֮ǰɱ㡣ָ⣬ֻҪҺһҪ
ƶɱҡ
㣺ɱԺټӵܼɣ㸸ɲֹһӡ
ⲣͰ㲻𣿡
Ź㲻֪ƪ±֪ǹдԺ϶˺һƾ£һվ˴߶ҾϾͻΪ˵жд̡
һӲ֮ڿڵġ򡱡
ԶΪ߹ǿΪԼļ塢Լɱ˶ǹٵģΪϲܶҶ֣Ǿ͵ڱԼ
սԸ֣ҲƵɽȥˣڻˣֻ̨ܶҳĳĿŹ㣬㲻սΪôԺԼʲô³𣿡
㲻Ϊ˵ǻɱ𣿡
һһٵ˵ǻƴɱ㡣Ȼе㷢ЦΪᱣ𣿡
Цÿ˻ȻȹⲸƶô֪᣿
һ㶡
û˹ң㲻ֵһᡣָŹ˵û˹ңȻң
ⲾȻúëˣ
ˡˣ
ͻȻת˿ڣҪңͲ³ϡԣҾǱϡ
ûзģ¹֤²˺ϾҲչ
ùղ˵ġĻ
ڶ죬컹ѾȲ̨
ҹϵĶ˶ˣ˶ŲѣϽȥһʴ׳ʲô£
ǲǸйأ
ǵ̨˯Ĵ
Ǹ£ëëһǰб࣡

ƺõġҲ첻ͱԽ˴˲ѣ
һ˰ԡ£һ߸һҪʲô
ͷӦ
ŵùˣǸٵĻᣬҪԼˡ
ǾͶ˿ɡ
ëëֲ˿ֺŸϤܽж˿ëëͳ˶˿֣Ǻš
ëëɣýϲ̨ԣĿǰѾдûعˡһ类йáã¸ô˵ڵ϶һƪ£٣ëëϲĴӦ
ڵõƪжʱ亹ꡣ
ǰѾйˣ˵Ҫ
мתǼװԻӺãǼװͻȻͷۺãǼװ̼̫ͻȻιȥã
ȹǶˣüһɫ̻̣ʱϻ˯Ĵʱǰִʿ
ëëͻȻˡ
Σ֪ΣһƪܻҪΣ
µҪЩˡ
ŴǧָΣ֮ʷ˵μҲö֪һ˿һʣ
ҳ
Ƕɡ
ʱ飬Ŀġ֮ǰѾĬй飬ëëһеüƽ
еԼжˣоõ˶ĿתĿơǰʱ£ŭʱɱڡ
һɨүүѾΡȥˣ׾͸Ͻүүȥˣܵǽһʱ
һ˱Ϲץס
ҲҪؼˣؼһᱻ
ëëѻȸ
һ㶼ûȾǧգ̨²ţң¡
ָëë
Ϲ¸о·Ҳûбëë˵
һʱȻ顣
ǰѶëë˳ȥ
ëëְ޺һ·ϵ⣬޺
Ĺһ
Ϸ˸棬ܲϣˣȥڵëëʣ֤֤Ǭ
ϣȻɵʿȥǾץˣˡʱɵϹԼƳһȥ⼸ҵëë˭޵ø˭øеҲǰ۴ĴͳĿ
֫ڣ;ùȥ롣
ԶµĲǶëëΪҪЩ˸롱ϵ
¶׼Լ
վʮе༸˶վˣһڽǰĳԸ
ԸΪǣ
һ㶣̧ͷϣ㶣Ŀ
˵õĲһ
ǲ֪ģǾЩţתͷ⼸ҡͷɣȻ
ǵ£
ЦſڵǴ̫᣿ԵΣĳԸһȥͲصˡ
㶼ҪЦˣû뵽ѡëëȻֺô
ȻΣգðҪֵһ֣Ҳܾ
ԥһ£ͷҲá
λڴϣٵҹûʳûˮŸ»ȥ˷ˮС˯һŹ㹫Ƿ
ǣڻʱѾιȥüˣ̧ƫ
У纣ΪףȻǱֶǼġ
һЩĹǼ˵Щû˵ǰŰˡ
༸ң
λ䣺
ͽ
һֱŵģڷˡһ˽Ĺ㣬ȻҲ̲ס
纣ſ֮ǰһ֮Ѿûվˡǰ˵Ļ
˵սǲһֱŵġ
ǰͼýıȡȨ
ֻһ·ߡ
纣ţƴһԽ˵ĳԸӴߣ
䲻ڼƻڣ
ںʣһֱȥ̨ǰʵѡ𣿡
֪ôˡ
Ը⣿ʡ
纣ͷóڣﻹвޣ
ˣ¾Ͷиˡ
纣жĴޣл
ʣ¼Ҳ֡˵ٵĽݾ׷Ҳ纣һ򽪵ȻԸӴʹ

дʵ
ԡ
ʵ
£
ʿһӵϣЩһͷˮ˶ϳȥˡǰʱһƬֻʣ»ſڵ϶˵纣
Ϲ俴ȥˣٿֵˡô纣
纣ֻоЩĿ絶
ͷ㡣
úް


401 ನ
纣ˡ۷ڴ, µͱ˸̧, ò׻˼ңſѾ´Ҹˣ纣
ֻôҴҴ纣׶
Ҳôһ, ҪǷŭˡ
û취Ҫ, ǿ˺ţ̧纣ϼҩ, һȿѾû纣
ıΧ˽, ץϵЩ, һѣʣµȫץҪ˵ɣ氡
οֲǺó, һиܳĺͲܳ, ҪĺͲҪ, ǮȻҪȰҪĺܳʣµľֻܿԼӲӲˡ
֮ǰʷΪʲôô˺ޣΪץߵÿһҶˡǴ, ģȫǶ, ܾ
ҾǵĽʷ, ˼һսء
ҩιȥ纣ˣ۾˵һ˶׼, ԼұΧˣҺǻΪŮ׶ϣھͳ
ιҩֶˣ壬ھߣܵ飬٣һ˶ţֻ¾ҪץүȥЩ˵ˡ纣úǼұߣߣһϣ
纣ֵҲˣ˵ҲҪлץץȫжһû£Ҳߵøɾ㡣
纣ڴˣһ
纣ߣһҪҵǮˡ
ȫһ
ˡЩץ˵ļŶŴǮԼ˵⡣
ЩҵǲܲˣͲܲǸΪȷʵֻһˣȫҶûԿͷ˵纣һϮĹְӵպֻҪԶڷ̨һϯ֮ء
꣬ȻֿЦֿɱʱˡ
ȻģǽȥǲܵġٵԺҪ˼ǺޣǺޡͼǺպֺܻ͵Ļġ
纣Ѿһ˿ķ꣬йְǾȥɡ
⻰˼ڼҵ̫ҪûˣҪǮûǮҪûƣҪȨûȨҪˣǵպڷ̨ȨǮ֮ٻЩ彲͵ĺá
˵ǵ¼Ů졭Ͳ̫˰ɣһ˵ЩܲڶŮӶ֡
纣ǡҶԺŮÿԹ˭ᣬǾƵЩ׷ȥ̨ɣɽ·ԶδǸ²Ǹл
ôһ˵ҲȷʵеЩ˱Ͼǲ˺ģȻͲǶţ紳ȥˡ
̶󣬶Ҳ˵ʵ飬ֻԡȥ̽Ϣ̽׷ѡɰѼӵһ˳ȥʣԴ纣͹˵Ҫؼңɳ͡׼ҵĳǰƿ纣Ѿټ
ҵһֽѿǣȻ
˵˶ˣͶԽ˵ʷտɺã
ͷóԺ˯һЩͷҲˡԭ׵ͷȻˣ³ٺڷŻǱȽһü´µɭɭݺݵģ˼ơ
㣬˵˵һͨ
ˣǰѽųȥʱˡһãûһǧָʣµ˾ͻŴȺ֮
ͷҪ潪·٣ʷҲܵˣ
㣺ʿΣ
Сҡͷʿ֮һ裬ܿͱ˷һ׼ûоҪġΡʲô˶ܷ⣬ԺҪʲôټΡ
ֺϯ嶼ǲʿּ١
Ǵѡʿѧϵ߳ɾͣҲߵǿ顣
һȻýܻʿķ
ͻǴɡ
ûжԱģʷǰθһףȻͨĴֻһϵʵҲûʵְĹ١
ȥһ֮򡣡
ٻ̫ˣ˿ܻвƽ֮
õýһְʵȨǿġ
ֻ취ѹһˡ
ţǰʮ塢ըʳȣһԻơ˶⣬ԼԴȡ
ЩԵгһͣȻѹͷµõǡ
ʱһ˽һĻ¶ӶվԶԶģԸ⿿ӽ̫һ
õĶµ˽ǰ
һһҾӣ˵տȥһˣԸϸֹԺ󣬱δ򡣡
һ㶣βŲŵʣһԵ٣
˵ͷ˵ԣȻԡ
ãȻķеļؿĨȥͣʱĿҲû취̼ˣվҪߣæס˵ȥ
һƿˣĳҪȥԡ
˱ƵһģȽȥǲŸϽһ֪ǵҰ֣
Ǹǹõģƽʱڹ빨ʹ԰ڰ֣ǣԴҪӹСĲҪ䵽ҲҪ˵ñǺޡ
һ˵˾Ȼһֱסڹһ˵ӣʹ顣
ǸҲͷǲҪȥˣ̺ͶʳƽʱԶɡ
Щ˶Цôġ
ֻǲܸŮӡ
ڹŮӶз֯ȥ׬ǮǮظǷӣ
˻صժ¥ȴ˿ڹǰ
ҲȥˣתҵˣЦʣǸǼʱģЦǰųȥűپˡ
ǿأ
˵Ϊһźӣϲ
¥ϣĿ٣Ȼˮ硢ۺе㾪ˡ
ëëڽԶ˵پֻ١
ɻ裿ʡ
ëëһ٣ͣµᣬԸһۣˡڰ֣ȥл
ëë񣬱ٳȥˡ
ëëôһºҲȷʵһ٣ֵաֵհλáʱͬŲͬ塣ֵգǰֵգŽ粽ĹԱĿ䡣
еֵշһȸߵͣëëֵվǵ֮ϴ
ԵʱȥȻҲнֵյģëëȴӱСһס
ң򵱹٣صֵպɴˡ
ڵֵպ󣬶ëëؼҰ˶ٴ죬ֱ˻
һμҵǳϵĳΪ˼̹֮󣬵ڶʵȨļˡ
ȫҵϣڶëëϣҲʼøߵı׼ҪԼ
ëëٴժ¥ȥһ·ϣﲻͣ빫
һνӴ
ڴߣ㲻֪һЩ£Ҳ
ˣǹĺժǹ
Ǹ˿ֻ֪ܡɫժǹ
֪ʱ򣬶ëëʶľͿʼܣҲ¡ǣ֪䣬Ͱ˴Ӵ߼ˡȻǱ⡣
ңܾñڡһ֮
Ĵ᲻ǷժǹǹʱҪô㿪¡
ͷִժǹóϷ˵ˣ˵ʲôʲô˵ģһҲ
ëëЩӣЩԼѹҲֻһ¾ʧˡ
ȨˣҲһ㶼̰ͼܡסк֪и裬ϲˣһϲƵһߣżҲȡ֣԰һ㶼ŹֻķӦùЩ
ţͿ԰ٴһС߳˸պײ
԰վסȶëëȥߡ
ëëҲ٣кǰû౵βͬһ԰ҪӦͻȻķһۣ´ִӺδëëժ¥ڴǰһӣôʢޣҪȥժ¥Ҿ͡û˵꣬԰Цһתͷˡ
ëëûô˦һʱˡ
ͯӣͲøӣˡߡëëЦҪ˵ֲ˽˵кܶ
ͯҲ˽ô֪Ǳģ
ëëҪ˵ʲôͣס
ͯ˵ӣ
ëëعһͯٶˣȻϵǸⲻԣһȫˣ
ͯæԹɵĸˡ


402 Ȯ
԰Լ, һ͵æ˺ˮ, һ߰ͯϳȥûˣڰ԰ʣʹ, ⹫֣Ǹʲô˼԰͸ûƵģ̺ϴ, ·¿ʼ١
֪ƢͰ, Ҳһ·š
Ҫ, ϡ¯, 㣬ȼ㣬װȥš, Ӻ, ԰̾, ô֪˾͸ϽӲ֪, ˭֪˭֪ӣĶǹӣֻҪԹЦһЦʲôˣ
԰Ц, ҵ̺򣿽һŴߵĶ˿ȥأЦֵǲͬ, ԺգֵôأԹҲֻϷаˡ
԰ɫʱͲÿˡ
ĸ˵, ǱԸʮٸһź٣˵йƵġйǰһʦ˵Ƴһ٣ã޷࣬һֻϾͲˡйû취ֻð˴˷
йһֻƳʮ٣ֻʣŴ֮й˾Ϊ˵й٣ʵйʦơ
͸԰ģȻǵ֮һйƵıȽĺ١Ҳǰ԰ûеĺˡ
԰٣Ҫʮ˶˵ڽɽɽϣɹûʹ͹ʲôֵǮĶԺȴòҲֻ̺ɬ
ҲΪڹеʹͣҪûѾˣٸǮͲˡ
סڹһӦ趼йṩҪʲôʱܲϹҵѹӵ˰ɣϵͭǮðɣݲƸֿտա
һѣδ棬ȴࡣбԹҲĴ¥֮ϣժЩ֦ҶܻЩͭǮʹֻ㲻мΪ֮ˡϧäֻƤңġ
Ȼˣ㾡ȡã
ΪвΪһζãֻΪۡ
βΪ⵶ֱ丹һ̾ɥôҲΪԼ˳𣡡
Ժ󣬰԰ͽһЩѣԽԽ࣬ԽԽϤͿʼ˵һЩڴժ¥¡
ǶԴߵ¸Ȥʶ˺ܶߵ˺ʿӣϾУݳּܹ谮ڶëëֵպɡЩʱˡ
԰Ϣ֮ȥΪЩ˶ǹĸҲڵõλʧȥ
˵ȥһ¹⣬˲ȥ
ô̽ʵҲסڹߵг֮УǺġû˺ܶѣָôһùġ谮
۲죬Ȥ˳ģԼصġ
Ӧǹصһòڣ¹ա
һֱ룬ȷʵûжʧȥȤ
ĻҲãм˵Ժ빫ʱ˹ۣȻǱе߱һС¡
ڶ죬԰굽ժ¥еһ
ֱ죬һ˶
԰ʣڹߣ֣˵ţݹȥһۡ
˽ӹ۾ȲĴ򿪷ڱǶһڣϲۣҪˣ
ۣŶ԰԰˵ϴһ㹫Ϸ˵֣̫С͵ﶼãҲֵǮ
԰ͷúõ뿪ˡ
˻صס̴ˮϴɾķۣʱ÷ɫ۰׵ģ֮⻬
ˮͣŵһ̽еۣø磬Ҳūһã˵Ȼϣæ۲ڻСͱ˷ˡ
ȥ
ܹ֮ϲģƽʱ㹫÷Ⱦƣһֱڹߡ
ʲôô죡񼱴ҴҹѾȥˣУ˱󣬸վһߡ
ʣΪδ
һ˾͵˵Ӣһۡ
ݺݵĵˣһ˫Ӻ۶Բˣŭһзۣѵûз𣿷첻Է˵˦ȥһˮ
˻ƻʱժ¥ˣ˸ߣ㹫÷˵ϴǸٵúãģýеٵȥ
˶ˣվͥԺһϢ
ӵģװģЩмȥ˵ļ磺Ǽɡ
˾￴ţˣЦѡ˾Уͻȥˡ˵ʵֻҪȥˣ͸ˡ
˵һǺģ˺æȥϴ£ڻвЬҲֻڲӺ࣬һɲڹǰʧ
һ׼ˣͯ߳ͼͱٵˡ
ʣµȫվ½ϣĽĿǡ
߰ɡ
ͯǰ·ͷʣ˱ٸں棬һժ¥ȥ
ժ¥ҹɫиԻ¥һֱ̨¶˵ƣһյ档
ߵǰͨ
Ц˾ͽȥɣɲ
̧ͦͷ߽ȥ¥ʱʱĻˮˣ߶̫󣬻¥ݡ
¥ػأǹ֮еǹ
첽ǰ棬ˡ
ţǲܵġ
˾˵˵нʼ١
ʵͲֻʮꡣ뿪֮ǰЩг趼һ飬ѡߣ˿Ϊá
ʱֻǸܵĺӣһ˫۾ǣտ̫һֱ
Ӵöˣͷĵ档ûòҲûĴȴһϴˡ
Ŀֻһ£Чˡ
Ҳֻˣû³ûдûֻˡϴԷʽһ㶼ǴСġ
ңƲ⣬пܡġ
ǿԪҡ
Уȴûңֻ
ǻʵġȮ
ÿɱ
ûһһһһлǣһ˵ҪҪֻ䣬пԼίԼ
˵ģԱá
԰ɡҶԹˡָŰϵʳ˵
СһۣͷȰ˹ȻԵͷ̧
ٰҲõԱߣƣԼһƹȥһ
ܳг裬ÿʳҲû⣬뽴һһ㣬ˮ棬ֳǵǱȽ׵õˡ
ǳԲ⣬˭ײϸ˭ߵǳԵġ
Ե㣬һϤԱߺЦţЦҲһɣЦǹģҲҳԡ
濴ڶ棬͵û
ƻһЦȻ粻ԣǻҳ˰ɡ
˭˵Ҳԣ־ʹץһ飬
ʱۻˣתͷҽ
Цϵһ£»ػˣ
˷Ϳƾϣ˵Ц˿ͷʮܡ
Ƕɫÿˡ
С˵ӢȥҰ԰ˣһǰѻȥ˰ɣ
°ͣ㣬Ⱦɺ죬˵ֻ»ȥҳԷϯϺȼƣҲ˵һ˵֣
סûϢ˵ʲôأ
˵˵֣ԺڹУҲŲԸ⡣
ͷԥһ£ʣҪȥ֣𣿡
Цȥȥ𣿡
ͷҵȻҪȥֻҪ˾ͿԸһȥˣһ԰﹫æ˭֣Ҿɱ
Цͷһ£úӡ
߳ժ¥ʱ¶Щˡ
żˣŹµı
úܡ
һ˵ǵһ٣ֻŹ˵ֻ
һæ˵˵ˣԺ󶼲ô죿
˵԰Ǻôһ˵Ҳᰮء
ϣֻһյơ
һһŲ
ôô˵࣬Ȳȣ
Ҳ˵ȥϴ裬һ⼸춼㽪򣬴껹Ҫ䡣
һһˮºǰϲֻ࣬⣬бн
ȫԹˡ
˸̴ͻȻ˵֣£ôģ
Ҳޣֻƭ˵ġ˵
ĵ˵ٻˣţֻһֻ֡˵룬ܿˣ
ˣеԾҲû̫ʧ˾ˡһ£㵽֣ͷϰɡǸ̼ҽģսϢ͵֣̼̼ɱ롣
Ϣе̫Ϸˣָպ𣿻𣿡ŲŲҪҪǣ˸֪ˡ֣
ᶦȥ֣¿û֪


403 
֣ʹƽѾ³סд, ľڹ, е֮㣬ȥ飬ⲵڵһֶ̳, Ͳһʦˣһֱװɵ, ƽҲûǿֻһ֮ʦҲ㹻۽ˡ
, ֪ʱܴһƽµġ
ѾӹڵõϢ, ˵֣ժǹ, ѾԺ˷ˣǨ乬
ȴûеõ֣Ϊִ¡
˵֣˱ˡ
ƽȻ, һҪ֮ǰ, ժǹ, ֣һһҪժǹķġΪ, Ѿ˴Ӽժǹ, дһƪʫժǹ֣İ顪Ȼû, ƪʫ󣬻֣ġ
һƽͷۣ
ƾĶ, η幫ͬʱҲðȥð֮ǰȦףԹ¶֮Ѿ˹ϵİ赽ɽڹð˳һȨȴû취滹Ҫά㣬ǹϡ
֣ڹ£Ͱ㲻֪顣
ӽ˵ˣƽ˵ˣΨûдӹ˵
ǻʲôÿǵģ
û˵Ȼû¡УҲûС
ҡͷδټĳʹ
ƽˣʣ֣ѵʹ֪£ӦԸң
ҡͷ֣дԣڣ
ƽưˣĳȻûС
ȻʹûУĪϷŪĳ
ƽæд񣺡ϷŪ򣿡
ⲵʹҪĳʵ֮湫֣޴⣬ʹɹĳȴҪԹŭ⻹ϷŪ
ƽȱľ˳
ĿڵĳкñԸڹ
˽֪ʹ⣬ĳ
ƽǰҧڶȥˡϻعִҪдƪº֮ƺһЩìܡ纣ʹڵ˺һȻɢ
Ƿ֣ŹҪϿ𰸡
֪Ҳֱף˼Ҳ²͸
ûʣڽ춼˵֣ʹҲһֱȫ֪飬Ϊ֮ʲôô֪һ̯֣ףΪβ飿ֻһЩԣѵҪʲôӦ𣿡
֪Ϊʲô֣û˵ƽȱĸͣˡƽ֣ʹҲĻ档
˼һԣ˲ɵӡ
ⲣ⣿
㣺ֲ֣ò񣬲űɣ⣿
е
ֵǽϵҪҪһܣ
ҡͷпȥǸβȥһҵ¡
ⲻһҲŲҹң
ڣǸӡ
纣湻ݣжȫˡֻʣŮ죬Լﶼûܡ
һҴСС٣ȫǽ
ñֱ׳ŵĸҶ޷ˣͣ˼գ˵ŮŲҲɢȥˡ
µˣȥˡ
֮Ůŵġ
ȻǳսֱԽӻطߣƺܴءУŶһùһˣȥˡ
ϣҲʨӴ󿪿ڣһ˵Ϊ˶ȥ̨ˣֻŮ˲̫ãԸᵽԺҵ£ȫˡ
˵ĺ壬˼Ҫռҡ
ϵʱιȥˡ
˵꣬ҡڵˣ⻰Ҳ˳ȥ˶˵ǽôҪ
ţһֱ⸱̰֮ࡣֻϻʷ֮ɱˣôǷŭűӵɽꡣڣԼʸ֮ģ˭˵أ
Ǳ䡰
Ҷô˵
ڶ죬ȥҾͲǰˣ˴
ٴţҾͲˡ
˵Ҫӻϡ
ٻؽҡ
ȻܻغԺ׼̫̫ˡ
ʮߣ̫ˡΪˣǽͲɷˣˣܵţŮ̫̫˵
ſڵϿ޵ûΣ̫̣겻ҵˣҪΪңһСꡣ
дֲڽϿѡˡˣЩŮǻˡ̫̫ƣ
纣Ϊʲôֶߣȷʵҵѡõһ·ðҲĵġ
⣬̫̫Ҳеǿ˱ţǵһֱŲҪҲ˴Ҳȥ
ǲɱɱ˽زݡɱֻôţֻţ
̫̫ô룬벻취
ʱһŮվùñޣⲻܹ㡣̣⽪̰Ĳ㣬ǲŹǼҵġҲˣҲˣδؿȥｪʵ
֮ǰץҪǮĳʵ̫ѿҲ̫ûй˼ˡһˣ˭ǡ
Ů˵̣Ǳ취ýû
̫̫ʣʮģʲô⣿˵ɡ
Ůҧҧ׳ŵ˵ҵŮ˵İճһŮڼ׸Ƕͳȥѧ¡Ը׸׸ûˡ
׸Ҫġ
ȷʵǸð취
̫̫û˼
ŮӺĽ뵽⣬ֻǵļ˲ͬһֱ˵ڿûϣ
ϱ˷ҲǸ취׸ѡҪúѡҲǸһˡ
̫̫ͷŮǶݣ˿ЩŮӣٽϵŮúչҪ¡
Ȼ̫̫ϱϱϱͼļϹһ
ʮ˵ģǾô̫̫ʡ
Ĵϱ˵ЩСӳüˡ֮ǰμǸŮ׸ͰĽˣ˵ҾͲ̺ţ׸
ϱ˵ɩ˵ĶԡŮú񻹿ԣëǸӣŶԣڸΣ˵ҲТ˳ιӡ
ϱ˵˲ҪǻģǾ͵ǰžܻǡ
̫̫˵ѡҵѾˡǼǲǵð׼ң
ϱ˵ǹǸɣ
̫̫ҡͷǣֳǰϡ
ֳǴ߰꣬Ҷţëеĵֻʣһˡ
̫̫˵ˣµϱǾȻûǴϱϸ䣬̫̫ǲȢõģ
̫̫˾Ÿӣ߸ųףºӵֻĸ
ϱǵã̫̫ĴŮһž͸СҪá׵˺ࣿ׼֮һڹڲһʼͱҸؾˡ
ȻֳǲʲôҲԲİ׼ǿ
ʱ׼ף̵ģ׼ȴֳǳ
ϱ˽꣬ҲС궼ԲϷھ㻹ţ϶ҲǳԲϷġ
̫̫˵һֱңҲһֱǮͶײɣҲܽһ˿Ӧڴ˴ǼһƷиӻ˵һֱںúö飬ҲڴǲɼѧǷһġ
ϱʣôˣ
̫̫˵ʱǺһ棬üá
һϱʣɻã
̫̫ҡͷôĳ࣬ԺͷЩ
ϱʣҼȥ׸˼Ӧ׼ô꣬ò׹ôһ׸
̫̫˵úֻǼ᲻ãҼǵֵܡ
Ŷ̫̫⡣
һŮ
ϱ˵ǣҾȥҪ̽һɡ
ȥ˰׼ҡ׼Ҽͽ赣˳õһÿȥ̨¶⣬ʣ¼еӣ٣ȥ빣׬ҡ
֣䵽Ҳ׼ҽӱǿɶˡ
ȢޣǰΡ
һ˵׼һϾʹӦˣһӸңܻǮأ
öˣҲϰˣ׼ҳһֱüֻСڼҼ̳мҵʣһһܣԳ̡ĸҲԳӺ̹˵ڼԶûǮȢޣȢޣֻ׸
ȻȴңȻóԲϷҲңǲܶġԸ׸ҲҪŵԡ
˯ͷ
Ȼ׼ͬ⣬ҾҪ࿴׸ĹأýдԼ
ֵܹС㿴һҲԣҲԡ׼ҸԸӡ
ҿ󣬶ӻ̫СӵԸаϳΪ
ýʹϳӻȥٺϰ֣󲷡ҾƸߣйڣһ
׼һ񣬶ڣӭ
żһжŵĺܽľͱӵңý֪һҪ顣
Ҳ˵һ쵽Ӹ
˯£һ죬̺ĸ˾ЦŷȥԡԡһϵŪԿڣأΣ׼ӵߵأ
Ů澣º̫̫˵㣬⡣
󣬰׼ӾͳӣΪգֻԭġ
Ƚţ֮˵ݳӴҼҹùʣ䵽šӽ֮ҹù޹ϵҪȡ裡
˵˰ѽˡ
Ҫ𣬽˵º˰ץ˻Ҫ˼


404 
ֳˡָԶ¶ĳǽ, ˵
֣, ˾ͳ˴ؽ£;˻Ϻ󣬰ѧĸҹ, һ·û̲顣
֮ͬʣ˷, ΪԼΪ³˶еԺ
ֶ˵ȥҪȥǰԼ
ҲҪȥ
˶ΪԾԾͬ˵Ҫȥ³ǰԼĽ, ׷Ϊ
³ѧʿ, ʿӵĴ˵ʹ˶ϱ, ˵ֻҪʵѧ²֪ʷӼҲ³ǰõʶ³, ѧ֮ʿʮְ
, ³һרΪѧ֮Ĺְ, ΪʿΪʿߣͷ߹, ۣ˸߳, ӻ, Ƽ
ε
ֶӽ˵ڴϴ˾档
Դֶ֮֮ԭЩû֮, ͰѶ³ȫ̹¶˳³Ϊ٣
һգȤֶûڼװͽڴϰ֣дȴȫŹŹֵֹġ
³֡һֶ˵ѧд֣ķǳǳŤ
³֣ùһۣ־ȻȫǴģû֣һȥȻˣ
³ڶ֡һֶӷ³вд¶ȴᣡûֻ뿪ʮ꣬Ȼͱòʶˡ
ֻøϽҹս
ҲľжƪһֵдģƲˣȴŵ
ﲩʿдġһֶӴչ˵˵ﲩʿҪ̸֪ˣﲩʿ˵Ҫдʮ£ĿǰѾдˡҡҡͷһ Ҷ
ɴ¿ȥ
ﲩʿһֽбйֱȽϣӶóۣݻ
ﲩʿ³Ϊ˱Ӧá
Ȼֻ԰߿Ҳܿļֵͷһϸһ£³ֺ³ʣǲܾȷᵽﲩʿ˼ץֶһѧϰ³֡
ˮأѧϰŸһ䡣
ָ´ˮأǰˮǡĵӸӡȻһȥˡ
ǵӦдģæʴɣȥ𣿡
Ҫգ졣
̫ʣΪδҪգ
Ц뿪ˣ¶֪ˡ
æͷֵվãУָһлл
ǽҳǣ󽫾ˮϵ۳ȣˡ
ʲôһεȰԵ
֣ôޣⲻǶǵ
ЦҼǰмˮǵǼǺ󣬴ƺţͱ󽫾ˣӴ˹˰Ҳýˣˣ󽫾޹ܻд;ˣ󽫾ҩ񣬴Ͽÿջа붷׿áҼ˾ͼȥ˴󽫾ļˡ
ԭˡ
ˡ󽫾ΪūȰѺӷˣҪūţĹܡ
ôĵ
⴬Ʊǽյģ˴Ҫպ󣬲˳ߡ
⣬ΪΣ
Цп˲׬ö⣬Ȼı׬öͿı߰
һ㶣漴Цˣ⴬һ;ƺ󣬷ֶ´
ܼҶѾȥˣæǰӣͲ
ûдȥֳǡ
˵ǹͲģȹͳɡ
ܼҾ͸ϽȥҳУһȥǰͷˮⷿӣҪס£ߡ
ϳһ˵󣬵ˮǡ
ʱͼˮش´ĵطдӰ˵󴬣С۶ټżгһҶС۾ģҲʿ
ű̲εĺˮһߣɭ
ΪʲôдˣһֶӴʱҲòˣ´ϳôҲûˮǵӰɼԶء
ΪӵȫǴ
ʵʯ̣ʯ˳ϣӵףشˮʻ󴬵׾ͻֱܴ
ֶһٿⴺˮһĽ棬ȻپŮӡ
ȫǣôһκ棬ȫǴ
ô֪һֶʡ
ЦҲµġ
ֶЦֶĬˡ
̾³ʢ³紺գϣǻǸ
ֶ˴ˣ渴ӡ
ǵ׸Ϊ³ǶϲǸõء
ֳǣ̨
ټƽ;ƺֱ˵֣Ҳˣ֣顣ȻԲҪ֣꣬ڣúܣӦزˡ
ƽȻ˻ˡ
һֽ֮ǰ˶ëëֵƽȥ
ƽ÷ǳǳϲȻûаȢ½֣͵³ɵ൱൱Բʹһ
صҺ󣬹Ҳ쿪ף³֣ϲ¡
̨һ̫õ£֣Ĺûءʵϸûж
˵Ҫ֣칬ͰǮӹͶκȥˣһɶ
֣Ҫ޸ˣŵ֣Ϸء

ˡ
ýȸһסˡܷŵ¡
̫ҲڱΣ̫ӵ޼֣סһպô죿
̫ǲܰģҪһֱڽĹâ£ֻҪͽһֱһ𣬾Ͳע⵽
һҪ֣Ҹµطס
һִĹֻʣ´Сסĳлˡ
סлɡҪ֣ݡ
ֻϷŪͰźˣ̨Ǽ
ĳѾǴ˴ɨɾˡЦ
ŪҡҲЦˣ֣ʹ𣿡
֪ûסƽ֣ͷȻˡŵø档
ǾͿˡ
߱ԼѾˡ
ſʮᣬƽ³趼ֲˣѵʱ򣬴Ѿ쵽֣ˡ
ĳôڴϣƽ˷߳αˮֻܲʵ
֪ƽݣæһҾʿʹܹ
ƽͷҾޡ
˵ܹΪˣ³Ĵˣ
֣Ϊܹ֮ýˣ
ܹѾƶƽش￪ȥˣȫһμӡ
ƽûʱֺˡ
ڵ֣ڳϣ˹ƣ߻ǻŹά
Ĵ˼òˣæˣȵ㶫
ƽƵĶˣڴϣ
˼´ˣڳϣ
ƽѾˣ
˷ҪƳ˰סҪƣζš
ƽڻʲôŲҲ˹ĿҩҲ
ͻȻһ죬ڳϣȴŵһ˵ḯʴˣҪҪ³㣿ҶԲ⣬ҡͷãȥ㣿ƽֱԣͶŲҶ̾һĳôأ
Ҳ̾ץһյǼ䣬ûȾζ
ƽɫͲˣȻ֪Ǿ³㷽㣬ҽг㡣
ˣңǳζ
ƽš
ˣζüˣŵ
ƽʲôζ
ˣ䣬ֻ˵Ƚ˳Ǿͺˡ
ֹ죬ǿһǣߵǰȴٰʡǳԳϳƽǽȥ
ƽڿЩɫġѳɽĶʱˡ
˳Уֵտ˳ҼһŴ
մ³³ǺεȵĴ
֣ǰҲ³
Ŷãôͱ
˳ƽȲʳ˰
Ĭ
ƽ֪ܼΣ
ԶЩ޴󰭡
֮ƽ󾪣ΪβɱճڣͶˡ
ȻΪ֣̼վһ


405 Ұ
ƽŻؼҿ, кʹżͣˡֵ, ôǸֵİգֻĿߺưܡ
һΣľͱȺβ, ƽĻûд̫ȺڻïʢҰݴ, ǻܰΧƽһ˸ϵ·ȥ
ʱҲδӵõƽ̾Ҫ, ĳǳسѲߵСӾˡ
ҲҸȺӲƴ, ֻôĹȺ, ٴƽϽȥ
Щһֱβ浽ǳظͣ²׷ˡ
ƽܾС󿴲ˣΪѾ, ٿǰǽ, ϲ, Һã
ϣڳԵһʿЦû, ڳء
ƽһǾȻ𣿡
ʿЩǳԹ, Ѿˡ
Ȼҹ, ƽϴ󣬾ƵǺҹдúԶ
Ĵ˵ڶû, վҩҲûãǽоʹӴϵһ߽ˣһ굽
ڶ죬ƽҪߣסɱ߰ɣڳȥ죬ͱϻȥˡ
ƽͱǹȻβ棬Ҳ£ǳظҲߡ
ЩǵĵҲ̫ˡ
ʣкܶ𣿡
֮ǰһƬҲͶʮǣ˵Ҳ
ǰʿȥץҰǿɱˣðȺɱ˺ɱǿɲһǱ׶ˡ
ƽʮ죬ǼлһƬȺɱ˸ɾ˵ģȻҲһٶˡ
ƽľսٶ·Ӧһȥɳǡ
ҿɲȥЦ
ƽշתصɳʱѾǳˣӦǱ磬ֻһ˸ߵҰݡ
ңȻɳǸҲȺ
˲ȥ֣˼ңиϽڣһ
ûȥܸʡ
ƽҡͷһȻصļҡ
ܸãװɡ
ƽ⣺δʲôôҪȱܿ
ܸ̾Ҳ£껹ǴʱܼҶδĻͥ񡭡ֻǵ˸޵ʱˡ
ƽ󾪣æʵô¡ܸ㣬˵˵һͨߺ󣬹е׷ôı仯
κһ£ֻ֣Щҵ׵ģ׬ЩǮֻڶ١
̼׬ࡣ
³ϣ˶Ϊ̼Ҹóһ֡
̼ûôǣǿʳʹеǳ
̼֮Ұʳȥ³ˡ
£ұֱ֪֮ǰǳ֮ӱĹң̨Ҳ֪
ʱѾ̼ҸǣЩػ֮⡣
ֻŭ⣬һҲǵ߷֡
ƽĿɿڴ
֪װԭǵʱȥ֣ᱻ֣ҪվǱߡ
ܼվ֣δЩˡôûУ̫
οǵҲʵĺ
ƽڼ˼գдһƪǽ³ȥʼĩȻ͡ˡ
ڴϣҩζƽ³̾
ʮӶʮʮǰ³Ʈҡ֣̩񰲡˭뵽ֻʮ꣬ȫͬأ
ڵ³һ϶ˣ̯ǿʼ֭衢СʳУ³һڱɣ
³
ѽ֣͵йȥˣȻû¹Ǿȥйɡɨõĳлһ춼û֣סֻھٰʽ죬ʱ䵱һµߡ
ڻǮ£һ̫ϲ֣뽪ĳɻͰ˰죬ûЩŶ첻͵ºǰվ̨Ĺǣʱͻؼҳ緹ˡ
Ϊʲôôڼ
ȻΪһ
ڵѾˣһɣһ̰档ΪȥйͰΪ죬ô̹ʡֱ׵˶
Ƚ֣ȥйժ¥ΪףҪһ¡
Խ˵˵һ£Ҳûϵ
԰˵һµ͵һһµĿ񻶡
ΪðǿþˣΪƶҵչƶг٣潪ࡰ֡
н϶һˡ
֮⣬Ӿ
³мŹʽ֮ŮǵȻҪ˺ҲҪ򡣲ǲ棬ڼõĽ档
˵ú˼ȥΧһû뵽ǺŮġ
ŮǶͷͷϣһ
û˵˺¡
ǣһֱ۵ĸܵʱŮԿж뺷ⲫȫǳȹ
ʧС
֮󣬽ִӹ˵ҺһЩ׳Ů澵ű͵һ޵˺
ʲôԹЦ˵
΢ЦתڵСˣҪ𣿡
ü֣ӦþͲһѻˡСǮ͹ȥ
ң̨
֣ܺãȻ˶ά㣬ã˳Ӷˡ
˵䲻ģ֧һж֧̼ңҲʮֻҡ
Σڻûжӣֵܶˣֻܽ
֣ԼᵽǺεʹˡ
˽棬̹
֣Ҫͷ룬ҡͷ˵ڲˡ
ԥһ£ȰͷȥˡȻǮʢɲ붪С
վڹ⣬ڴվһʱʼղֻˡ
صУɫء
һմûм㣿
ڵУȴ͸Ҳϼҡ
һ˵ռ˱ˣθԽԽˡ
˶Ĭ
ι˴θڵԼ
˵ֻڣҲûлͷ·ˡ
һԥǵʱӦϸ³ʳҲûкܶడʮʯ͹ˣ
ɵʱǶΪⲻʲô£ʮʳϸ
ڹһӾͳǧָˡ
㿴µ岮ֶǶɫӣ֪ھԼìܣ͵ʱǸˣһֻ絽һǴ̼ҡ
˵ʵҲȷʵ̫Ӵˡ֣ϱߣֻ֪ϲ֪̼ң͵ϲǣЩ̫ضհġ
¶ģҪŴѴ̼һߣȺϵľͲ̼ңǴ
ҲͳǸ
¶ʱ˲죬ͣѾǣѵ֪㣿
Ц֪ô𣿡
֪ˣҲᵣİѳǸˡ
Сص֣ȥ֣ϹĽ
ǧ֣ǰֻӣÿֻﶼһǧԲá
һ˶ˡ
ǡ֣֪ʡ
СЦ³˵֮ǰһЦϴˣȻһ֮˼Щƽ֮ʡ
С֣ŵ³ǮҪ֣Ҳŵʮɡ
ڻƽͰǰɲš
ţ֣ȻС࿴
¾磬СϹ֣ͬ齶ͬŮָܷС
ȵҹС֣˵³Ҵ
֣۾³ȱСҡͷҲ³һ֣۱ʮ³³ΣֻĴ
ԭˡ֣ˡ
ˣպ̼ҽǣûл̫أֻ˸˹ȥǽ˰ǰˡ
³һʺ


406 ɾ
ĵ̳ǻһ, ˻дƤõ, гϵûصǿ磬ͰƤò, ҡڵ߽г̯λ
̳, µгոγɣڻ״̬
洦ɼ߰һĸ֡
ƺոմ̧ļҾߣ, ССƱƿѬ¯Ҳ, иص, ȴҶеӡͷڡ
һ̯£ǰֻлƶ
̳ǣƶѾµĽֶΡԭֻϵʳ, ʳ֮, Ѿµʳһ֡ȻЩ, ӡһƶĥɷۣҲǿ, Ҳܵԡ
ŻѪζҳζĳζ̯ǰ, ץһѻƶ, ֱӾӣҲ
һһֱӳԡ
̯㲻, Ц˵λ˵в裬ըýƽƵʳнĻС϶緹ɡ
ֻһλϵıʯ֪һС鳤ʣµĶı
Щ濴ӣ̸⡣
ϣ̯Ȱѻ¯ЩȻ˹һͣƿǣװըõʳȫаƴһָ
ûԹôóԵĶˣǰ̽
̯ڻ¯ϼ˸ӣըõʳһ̯ڼϣ濾ţʳϵˣȥ͵һڸߣʳϡ
һͺʳζɢˡ
ֵ̯һ뽴ٴһԵĲץһָǴСҰ⣬ǰ˵ԣóԣ
ʶųԵĶҳԶؿڲܡһЩҽϲ
СͲѾʳڽݺմһ£ŴһӾȫˡ
̯æţţһʳԸɾˡ̯Գˣ᲻ãҪԣ̯Ҳţͼֱһ顣
˵ЩҾǺõģ䶫ҲǺõġЩ㿴Ÿɡ
̯һоƣȣȥۡ
̯󣬿ʣµ֪ղſʳζЩ˶ŵˡ
̯и̯ӣǼԼʳҲըߵʱһЩ·Ҳóԡ
ôһ˵һ̲סˣָ̯ĵط
̯˵ȱȣҹۣԺǾÿԣֱӴһƶȥС
Щһݵöûε˵
̯ȿҾߣȻЩطеˣЩطѪأ޲ŵ̨ͭһߣҲ㾫һϷŵ߰һѲ᣺·ЩǶƵĲˡ
һһһЩõĲֵġ
̯й˸ۣȥкûƶҲӶҲڣлף֣ĵסҪ֣
һࣿ
̯Ǿǻƶһ£ֻҪƶҿԸһǧһʮ
˵ܰĳװ𣿡
̯˵ܣֻĳټС
ã̯ͦŸӳȥˣжжж൱ֱģֱӰѰڳϵһ⣬ѳϵĶһƣжɾˡ
̯ϰ磬㲻ں棬ƹȥѺĻƶȫװ߰ɡ
ȫǣ
̯ЦҲͷôһǧٶûС
ҪһǧƶûֵǮءܲʮͻᱻץˡ
̳ǿнı٣ıܽ޻ء
ǰѻƶϳȻ̯˵Ը͸ܳ
̯ӡܺã»˻㡣̯ɨһۣһľ壬д³֣ͷָͣľôİɣ
ǸͷڣҾˣǡˡ˼ɣ
̯Ц˺òŻôġ
Ц³̫ˡֺϵ³мǵһη֣ԭʶҲûôѣǲǺ׾ͼס̳ǵĽֵ˰ڳĻҲܺü
İٱȥղص빺ֿʼԼˡ
Щ֣ЩѵĲ֣³ֲ֡
ôףѧϵ³Ȼмǿʼѧд飬дԼ·ϣսϣֻҪͬǵ·ˣ˾ͻ֪ǵĻˡ
˭֪ܻʲôʱأ
ֻ̯ҪһæҪ˵еҰ⡣
ֵǮ𣿡ʡ
̯Ц˵ֵһ⻻һƶ
ʱ۾ˣֻüСӺŮȥʱǰùͿԻƶ
ӦȥʶˣҲǶ˸ۣ˶ˣ᲻ǾͲҪˣ
ָ̯Χе̯˵˷ģжն١
̳˵ĻŵġĻȥˣÿһĻƶϲ˵ӦùǳԼˣ鳤µȴֻжʮʣµĶˡʮ˶Ҫңû޶Ҳϸĸٰٶʮˡ
Ҫƶָܷˣÿ˾ܶһЩ
һĬںţͻȻ˵˵ĹĶȥ֣ˡ˵ȥ֣ʲô
һ˵⻹ãȥ֣Ҫ
Ǹ˵ǲ
˲䣬˶Ĭˡ
ֻǸһ·ðһ䣺˭Ҹ˭ɡ
ǣ˵ˡ
ˣһ𣿡
̳ǳ⣬ڳɫȻܲ԰׵룬Ҿ͵ˡ
ͷ
ɲʳԻᴩ³ص³̳ǡ
ܴ˵
Цһ£ֳĬӣλȥҪȥ㸸ףǡ
̾ȻҪȥҸ׵ġ
Ǵģȥ֣Ѿ¶ˡ
ԡЦǻ˵֣ˡ
˵⻰˭ģԹӾ޺⡣뿪Ѿһˣһ龰֪ʲôˡֳȻǰ㸸ߣԣ˵ܻбĴ㡣
ҪǡһԼһԶʧ˺ۡ
ĸĳҲҪһ̫ӡպõĽǱһǡ
ĸ벻ʡ
͵ܸҵʮʯʳţҸҵġ΢Ц
˷ֱһ࣬һ³
ӰԽԽԶĬפãҧǰĶ顣
ص̳ǾҪȲĴСĪٶȼգôһ֮ˡ
Цĳֻ´ˡ
Ī̾ðɣĳڴףһ·˳硣
ӱޣһ·˳ǲͣʱ˶꣬ˡ·˷ǳûб˷֡ɡ
ܿ죬͵ˮء
ظѾð˼´ׯд˵ĴС˽ġ
ֱȥˮǻĵͨأȴڳſڿµľ壬һֽĵļ˵ͤӡ
ֽϣµġ˵Ľ֡
µ˶쳤ӿżԺõģֱĬ
ء֣˼Ǵ˵һ˵ͼʾһŴ죬ܿڡ˵ԼֹǺͦͦˡ
еڶ˼ȦתȦ
ͼʾһ㣬һתȦûʲô˼
յһתһȦصԭ㣡
ԶԶԣ
վ￴һԱ߾һСͯ⣬ӣеġ˵Ľֻ֡Ҫʮͭ壬ҳģһֶûд
ЩϲЩˣЦǾһݰɡ˵ŰͭǮСͯ
Сͯ߸˵ܻؼߣóһֽ빣ܻݸˣ¹жʮ߸֣ʮŸ´ʣ
лֽ빼ߣֱֹ߲Сͯдڳдµ֡
Ա߻ˣȻͷˣҲһѧ֡
ͬˣүүʱѧֱдɣ
˴ǰѧֱѧҪٵöడųǽǰľ壬֪̾Ҫѧʲôʱ򣬲ѧꡣ
Сͯ˵˵ֻҪѧݱɡǲİɣ
˷Цʣôɣ
Сͯ˵㶼ŮˣҲɰɣ
һ㶣Цҡͷ
ȥˮ߽ʳ̣һڸ̾Ⱳĳɾͣ˴빫
ԶԶԡ
ֻһѾүүɵûˣ


407 Ů˰
, 䲻ȵĺ, ʺ̤Σ涷Ź
ľʲôʱΧˣȥü̽, ȫƳС̯ʹˮ̡֭ƵС̼ҡ
Ѿֳһļֵȥ
վڸ¥, ܿΪԲģΧ俪ӣ, ۼɢĽֵ
ⲻ, ǰԷۼڴ, µĴׯ
ںÿһ춼´ׯ֣ÿһ춼ֳӿֳǵѾԶԶ˵, Ҳ벻ô졣
˵ˮظҲסˡ
˹˾Ǩһ, ظǾص, Ѱղÿǰѷӽˣȥ˸ϳ, ֱռ˷ӾֳɵľӪ
ǿˬľޱ⡣Ҳģͨǲˮظׯ, Ըֳųɶˡڼʶ̼ҵֶκ, ЩҲò߾衣
һ˵ƺͭܶ࣬һЩ
ð, ڵĶپ٣ǲǮʣڰһЩֻҪǮ³ٶûϵġ
ǡǣߡ
ͷ⣬ϸ˵
ȻǴħһγǣһͭǣнֳʺ֮صķǡӵʮ򣬸޷һˡ
ȣԵôˡ
ǣиǰԼ˵һ׮
ϣܰ
ȻСС֣֦ƣʣµìǹҲǧơ
տʼһڻؾˣҪɱ
ΪǵýЩǰ㲻ܳ³ģͭС³ԻǮ򵽵ģԼġĻ˵һʮܿãٳҪʮꡣǮҲʮǮѣΪʲô򣿡
³ͭԼȥûаɣǺαԼأ
ϧһƺҲ٣ƷһֱҲûҵ˿ġ
Ǹ˸ΪݺˡϾΪ󽫾˽Ļ췴ɵġ
æԼ޴⣬ԳˣȻòˣĸŮ׳СǺūһ𳤴ȻҲʶ֣ܱΪ壬Ҳȥ٣֮²ų˵ġ
Լͷģһۣؽ֮ء
ģͿԿϲ̸һ̸ˡ
ӦͭҪԼҪɵĻر
ʨӴ󿪿ڣ˾ȻӦˡ
ھҵӪţûߡʣҸ㲻һҵģܲ
Ȼȿó˵ɡ
ȥͷˣȥ׼ʯ
˷ԺҲҪ᲻²̸ܼݣǲڱʡ
Ժ˵Ͳû´Ӧûһգ֤һѴõ
簲һߡ
ĿǰܹѹƵס䣬ַ·ϵģֻйˡ
Ѿֳ˶ԽһĿݴȣĶܲǰӣ˹ûٰ˵Խ䡣
ȴùҲδرա
߽䣬Ͱѹ˵Ҫһ룬룬ʲô¶ĺò¿ȥ
˵иֳɵĺò¡ŮҪеһμˣ߰ɡ
ߣмʱվſڵˣһС
ҡͷýһˣʲô룿
Ц
ûʹŮǸʲôģѾˣ񻰴˵ôģ˭ģǸʲôģǸʲôģʲôȤţȵȣͳͳ֪
㵹ѾԲˣд˺üƪʫȫʯʯϡ
һ򵥵˵Ϲŵһġ
һĸɣôеģضСȻҲиԵôһλĸͷϣǺܺˡ
ĸĵطһɽԣͷˣСλ¶ˮģ͸ˡ
ɽס֣ɽϵĻݰްܵıӣõкܶࡣ
ŮƤ棬ɽ䵽˼ˡ
ͳңЦ˸Լ񻰹»ͦġ
ͷ԰һʼµصʱ򣬻Ů𼸳ѺͷΪˡ
ͦеġһ
񵽵ǹʲôģ
Цܲľ֡
ǾǸ񣿡񻹲
ҡͷֹ
ְ𻹺ܶ࣬˹ֲܽӣܲľӣᷢ𣬱磬ɽⶼġ
񡣡ǲǲ̫ã
кö˲ŻᾴηûƢ˭£
ǻҪϲֺ㣬ܿõ㡣
οһʼǴȱбģѵİٰһһΪ̰ƺɫ̰ŭ
ᡣǻг裬Ҳűŭ
˵һ֪ͨΪʲôҪʱм롣ڵ³ûһרڴܳݵĳָպհס
ǾͼɡЩʳˣɴҵԶжʳˡ˫۷˵
㣺ǹ뵽µǮ·ӡ
ĿǿԹȻ˰ϵģҲ˵ҪǮˣ
ڶŮȤרųһʱȥվ̨ǶһȥЩվɫ١
ȼȥΧ۵İǷֶʳ
Щʳӣ֪ǾöʳóԣǾǺÿ
ĸһƶҪЩòͯˡ

Լˡ
֮󣬰һʼ³ŮȤûôߣֱǷеÿ춼жʳȻֻһµĻϨԶ
вűŮȤ
³ǲٵģ³Լ񣬵ǵֻɽУǰҲУ֮Ͳ֪ʲôʱʧˡ
û
ǶԴϲԼҲĿмͷѵˣοиûһŵġ
ŮȴһһǿƵ˶벻̬ڴǰǿͦڣȥ
ƼԼҵĴ˶еˣЦ鶼ҪòסˣҲʮˣô¶ǹԼģҲ
Ȼô˵е뷴ǡҾժǹӦе㲻ģ㿴ʳֽġе˵ڲҲڿֽ𣿡
һԼеֽ
ڵֽѾ൱ˡԴ˷ľֽԺ󣬽׵ֽ½ҵߣҺܿ³衣
ҲδףСԺڻһֽأʱҲԼֽ˶಻ʤ
ļģԺ󣬾ȻôĴȥˡ
ʳҲǣָ㹬д󣬶ˡ
˾ͳЦƣȴ֪⹻׬Ǯģһµͳȥ׸ãɼӡ
ƾãֽô
ʱãһжһõġ
ֽϵ£ƪ⼫£ȱǷȱӦûкúö顣õĶǶ֣ͯҲԼֺʣЩȤ
һƪԼ³дģܾúö
³ġ˵Ľ֡УԼֺʹʡ
ǰƻǲѧʡ
ȴã³ӿྪž޵
ǰıݣơ
йУ̲סվ첽ſǸӰ
ˣſ˫۱ס
׼£ͱ˸ŷ֣Ѿи࣬Ҳ࣬һССŮͯһˡ
ɿ֣ŵǰ´ﶼܺòŷģǣȥ̫ˣ١˵Ҫ˻ȥţҲ̫ˡˣ뻹𣿡
ƶһº󿴵ŻعһЦͨȥŶԹ˵ţֻأЩûȻʮʯʳȥ֪ĻôԴ
ȻӲٴһסЦԺƾڳ򽻵ˡô˵ģԺǴٻǲ٣ЦҸ˵ҪҸ
Ͳˡ᲻衣
мȥÿ춼ðһЩһЩСͯѡ֣ҲҺ͹ȥְɣҲʡ¡
࣬ȾҪһ֪˼Сͯѡмӡ󣬲ôͬ֡
СͯѡϵֻҪɸѡ
ʱ䶼ãĸָеҲòᣬ˵üζǱſֿʡ
˵򵥣ȴҪĽεˡ
ջȸʱϤá
˵ã֮ǰҪ˲źýӰࡣȱ˲š
ȱģǿŵ˲š
°ݣ


408 ɫĬ
ʧ١һ, һڹðͷ, ̾˷˵ע⡣
Ȼȷʵʿϵ̨棬˭ܷϵǣǹĸ֮ˡ
͹ⲶΪһ֧רӪ̽İ־ڴСֻߵ, 󽫾Ȼܵ˹߰˳ɵļ, ̳ǡص£һҲ岻֡
ǱϾǹĵط
ԣһõϢͻȥҽˡ
, ǲб仯ˣһʵˡ
Ŀ, , ûյġȻˣӦѾȥ˰ɣ
ˣȰԺ˵
ɲ顣ֻ֣ʣβ, ֻ֣, ±ȽҪһõĻ, ٿһˡ
˵ʮꣻ, ʮڣѵð̩
ôһⰡ
˵궼ֹסѪڡɹ¡ȵɱԪ, ƽλ, ɡ
Ȼһعͽ˸ɵˣǾ׸ˡ
ֻҪܱס, һ顣
ȥˣ˸ԴʮˣüΪ죡ǻƻ裬ҪйĶ飬뽪䡣
һ˸ˡ

ñӶ졣
̤ŽɫĻƻͼһˣһֽ빣һУԡĶ棬ǽ˫۷ŴѪϦ
һڵƣù֭۽׾ơʻȵһɸ󵹳ľ֭ٷŵͭƱ
±ɵȥģһС
Ǽˡ
磡˽䣬ϲͷһͷһȥϴϴԷˡ
ȥȪˮһ·ͷɢĳѾںʳ
ǳģ˶ѾˡԼûʲôθڵģ˶ǴθǰǼ̹ŴɳձǼǰȫǿ׷
ˣȱס׷һڣûн׷ֱӾȥġ
ٿҲһɣһ߳һ˵֣סѾȥˣŽһ飬˺üʵ
һֱ³֣ĵطӦеġ֮Ȼ֣ܶȻҲ³Ҳֳʳ
ǰΪʲô֣
֪
û֣Ϊֳ֣Ҳֺۣ³ֳ㣬Ҳ֣
ɶ˵ֻ˽ذֵأ
ֿ֣ô֪ûһԬ¡ƽ
ԣе㹻֮⹨׼ǧ˻ֵصĸáлֵص˲ţ
治ǣ־С֪ôأôӣʲôʱˮʲôʱʩʣô׽棬ũҵ˲š
֮ǰǿռǩôڶˡҵūź͵ūʲôһǷۣǽ˰ܺãֻҪֵأʳסУɥȢϲȫˡֲһֲ´νԼֲҲ
ʵѾˣҲ뱸ٴ˵Ѿȥˣֻ᲻ᷢѿ
֣׶ǴǵģͰֲִڵ̬ȡ
Цеģ󿴿
俴ˣǸ˵ġһ׷ֳ˰ֻɸľʣʲôôˣΪˣ
ҲӽѷˣһȽ˵
ʱԸǫһ㣬Ŀ˵
ϾƣЦȥ굽
꣬Ѿϡˡ
Ѿ˼֣㶼еˡὲôʱ䣬ΪԴ˵һ֣Ρ
󣬹Ц֣һ˵ҧ̼ң̼֣ˮ֣ţ׼̼ҴѪ
ɼ̼öʡЦСûҾǧ԰ֻ֣̰һʳֻһǧ̼ô꣬׬˶Ǯֻ֣Ҫһˡ
㣺ֻ̼Ҳʼôʳˡȥ̸̼⣬ػ̸
Ȥˣʲôʱ̼ȥ̸
˵СӦû֣Ϣ֣ʳҪǮҶ
֣θԽ̼ҾԽ̼ǰǺ󻢣Żʳ
Ȼ⣬ﷺࡣ֣ضҪһѵģһʲô͸ʲô֮Զأ˶˵֣ǸСӣƲһѶһڿպƱػӴ֣ߵͶ룬֣֮ˣҪͨĻҲһʲСĿ֧
һɨͼ˼Ƭ̺ͻȻðһ䣺ϻؽл˼ҲЩˣɡ
㣺ˣ
üϲҲ⼸νšһЩµġ
ʲôʡ
ҲʲôʲôҲˡ˵һʮڳѲ߰ɣһֳǸһȦ
ýһƣʲôʵȨ룬Ǿ͵ÿųȥһȦ˿ˣڱҪô˴ѲֳǵĲ£Ͳˡ
ն˵һǻģ㣺ǻ
֣һ龰
Ƭ̣˽һۣûлӦûаǸ˵˵
ҵһ˵Ȩ˵һս֮λļ壬δֻһ
ģôѵû׼㹻Ҫʱ׼Ҫ׼ǲҲ̫ˣ
ԣزġ
ȴδûɡ뻹ءԼڲҪȴһָʤ˵Ĺδҵ֮
Ҳܿץסص㣺ļƻ룬šģƺΪǿԼλģһеǰĵţǽľͻԤϷչȥˡ
ʽ¾ͲˣҪҪȥ
Ҳ˼˵ˣ
ֻ᲻᲻˵
ڵΣ͵ˡ˵͸ҲûҪͶ
˵ᶦأͲˣЦôܣһӵ£һʧҪǵǾ˿Цˡ
ҡ
Ǳ˽
Բ׼׶ʲô뷨Ҳײ硣룬Ļʳ׸ף׶ºܸˣϲٻ
ҡҡͷҲ֪Լô졣
ʧȥ˸׵֧֣ͻȻû䣬ǰһƬã
ϲ뼧ʵδֻϰôװ˿
ﵽ£ȥڡ
ڴľζŻ㡢Ʈ
ϣƺѾ˯ˡ
֡ߵˣײûûѰ
ѵ˯ˣ߹ȥ
ᶦûзӦ
£ȥᶦ
ͻȻסˡ
Ϊᶦ۾
۾ſġ


409 
֪˵ϢеĻҪ졣
ӵ̳ǣ
ĪŻ, ȥ, 㣬˵, ǵĹϵѾǳ, ߻, ֻҪˡ˵ұд䡣ȥ, ʲô¾̱
룬һǰȫͬˡʱش̻̲, ڵȴƺһҹ֮ɳˣóˡ
硣첽ǰ, ǲʲô£źͰȶһ񣬿ڳơɡȻԶˡ
Ҹˡ˵˵, ͹۲ɵɫ
Ȼ, û뵽Ļ
˭µ֣˭ʡ
֪뿴ɵɫٵģҡͷ̾
ʱᶦˣ˲϶룬ﵽᶦ鷿Ӱȡᶦ, ȻܳϰźͰ³ܡ
֪˭ʲôʽɱ˸ףһʱ֮˭ţ˼ǰ󣬾ȻֻѷǵС
ڳʳū⣬ûһ֧
Ҫһƣ㡣
ҪСֱ
ڸཻʱǴһٷԼҲΪˣŸ
Ҵ̳Ǹˣܹ࣬õϢһˣ̳ǸбĻûֻ²ʮͷҪˡ
ͷѡ˵ص죬֮ǰһֳǺԹأֻҪ˵ҵˣҪڴ˵ǮͲģҲԱ㣬ֻһڴ˵ص˻޷
Ӧ
ȻͽȥĪ顣
ĪԵȻˣڳҲûϵ
Ϊ˾ѣڳڣӦþڳ⡣Цʱȥɡ
ĪҲЦ˵ˣǲǲֹϢһЩˣиȥ
ҵǽϵӣһ޴ֽ빣ɾſֽƴɣ̳ĵͼûиڣֻдгֲ
ʱָĪԣڡؿ⡢ۡҪûбע棬һЩСͷ
ⱾǹϰߣһģһĪѧˣʲôΣգֻҪЩλþС١ͿĶҪݡ
һֽ빾ҪЦĪȴ࣬Цǻ۲áָһĿհ֮˵³һ˵гڻҰУʮڴ˰̯Իƶȡļʲ͡ȹεͻؾг֣һ־׬֡ȥɣû˲û˹ܣڼƶһ档ˣù׳Щ̫ˣСĲҪ˵İ־С
Ҫй档ȱ˵ĻûڳǱ۸㡣
˵һ˵ʹӦˣҪںλӸң룬Ҫ»Щá
ɵ۹⻹൱ŷģ⣬ߵΪĵطſ·ŲӣԶΧȦȦĻ
гӳķе̯ӲΪе̯̽ͷЦкˣҸطӪɡдõˮһͲҪǮڶͿʼÿһһ塣ԱһʳģʯĥʳˣŻƶֱˣ۸񹫵ըģҲУǽ´Ĳ͡
̯˵꣬ҪҪˮǰҪʮˮ̯ˣָǰһģӪҲᱻ˸ˣһûģʲôطƽҲûʯͷӷȵȡ
˵ֵ꣬ҪӵĻʶһˣֺֿãӹһ꣬Ҫӱ紵ˣȥ
ŵͷ̯Ӧţžȥˡ
ǵĳѰһ԰̯ӪĵطǸӵѾ¿ɿĵˡ
ӣӵʣӲӣӸӶʮǮ
ųгԵȵȵȣӶǮģټСģСĲǮ԰ɣҪļ䣬߾ţǰٸҼӰ˸СӣһӣͨģҸСӣӶҪܾȥģҼӸӣɣ
ӵĿ֪ǸеģСӼӲô࡭Ӱ˸СҪˣǰңҲܼĸ
ĸôһɣҪֵĵطɣ
û³ּۻۡ
ЦǰҾ;ãŲȥˡ
ȻѹһĻҲⷢЦϰǼҴģǰԻڰٲ֮ҵһƬҶӡǸҧˣûȥˡžͱҼҸˡ
磬Ҫ𣬵ҪҲԼ
ûʲô仯ֻһ
Ĭ
̸ûˣǴӵ˾ȥˣǰ˵أͿʼðӰѵʯʯҳӵҲҪƽǻԱɸӣһɸ
ʱԶͻȻıӿ
ܹ̽Ҫӳͳ
Ҳˣ˵磡侲㣡̳ǣ
һСֹŻȥ
ֻԥһ£ͰѹŻȥˡ
Զһ̳ˣܿóǼʮ滹ʮ󳵡
ⲻץġ
ʱ˵ġ
Ȼ
԰˵ƶڵ⡣
ǵġꡱǿյء
Ҳˣƶ˿ӣ¶Ļƶ̯λǰ
ˣǰѳͣԶƥǱĺܣͷģϺ磬ϵ¼ײûؼףû˻ľ򻤼磬Ҳеȱ˺ܴӣеĵеûʣеֱ˰ء
뿴ľ
뿪Ҳһ꣬û˵ˡ
ǲ˵õĶǼϢ
ʱУмǼϸ
ֱǰ߲Զһ̯ӣ̯ӭȥʱ˳ȥʳ
źͰҲһģȻ·ͬϵǹʾͲ³ˡ
һţ¶ɵ顣
ſȥߵꡱǰŵĻƶץһԡ
ŷˣۣ߹
ļҵģʡ
б۾ļҵģôôǱûԵˣ
̾ǰͶˡ㿴áΪ
ͳ壺
һɣ˿ԭҡֲá̲סʣ˵Сȥ֣Ѱû£
ŵͷ
Ľ۾ҪѪˣûӾ֪ҹȻʳ
ʣôҪ
˵ҼСС˵һȥ϶˻ᶢʳ໻һЩȥô򷢱ˡ
һ룬밢Դܹȥϴȥˡ
ʱһӵͳˣֱһ񣬱°ͼӢ۹մšŵ
ȻǼҽͼĵҽûϡ
ͼĳݼṫӣ֪㣿
žЦˣҪ˵ڴһţ񡣡
ֵǡ
ͼҲԱ̫۵Ĵ󳵡շ֣ôȵ죬⳵ȴû򿪡
˵̽ϢЩļ־Сﲻ֪ʲôһʱԥ
˵ðŸȥ̸һ̸
ͷŽ˰Ź
ŵǰ˷Ըϰͼȥһ˵
жˣʰͼ
ͼ˿ڿˮԼһٶࡣ°Ǻ֣ǰٶ࣬ūʣٲܴġǰʱ䡭˼ʮˡ
ʣԸԸ⵽ҼҹӣͼĻ˵ˣȻԸģ
˵ȱ𼱣ԭļҵˣǼʮôģ

һӺ󣬰ŻһãȻĶ˵ӣ㶼ţڰ׼ҺڼҴˡ
ȥ룬Ҳһ⣺ô
ңɵļ壿


410 ĸı
ͨѶֶεϢĳͣںܶʱ, ĶԼжϡԵӽ´Ŀе֪Ĳ֪ʲô˸ɵ, ܵĲңǰ׼Һڼʱ, ѸٰԺ, ת¿
ҴˡԱʱϿεĹ˵, ȻҲһҶĿĴ
Ұǰƽȡ̬ͬ, ˶лλεĶˮȣ뵽ȡѵ벻
Ȼֹһ뵽ˣ
д˸, ʼչҪģصֲ
ǰһ׼õľ޴ֽ빣һ湴, һ߽⡣
ҲǱεģһλһԭĳǳؾͻǡҲֹϲռݾԴڸе
Χĳǳ, ԭĸ
׼ҺڼҾĵط
, ΪϰԼŮ޸ľͱɵҾͱǨȥˡ
϶ԣ׼ҳǶ൫ɢڼҳСȴ, УչԱ׼Ҷǵϳۣڼȴӵ֮һľӡ
ʵԼ֮һľӸڼȻϻԼıڼֻǸʳѡ
ˣ˻û⣬ûʶ˾Ͳ˵ˡ
ӦУٰѱѺһϣ֤
ڻ̳ǵǲȡεġ
Ҳٳһҽпת֧̫«ūϾҡ
«ūųı«ūºĵˣӦûټһŮ«ūԼŮΪҲŻ֧«ū
׼ҺڼҴɶǡͽȻôᣬ㲻٣ҶȱС壬ȱȥľǡⲻֻ֪һڣЩ˾ͳ˵һڻҡ
ӦûûĴûãӦҲСĬʲôʱǿսʱ
ԣ֪ڰаŲŸô˵
ڰ׼ҺڼҵزҪڣžҪɱ￴ʱץߵǸǲôСıQ
һ£ֱɫù㲻
ĵ𣿡ʡ
Ҳһ㶣׹
ûУɱģľȻɱ˿ֻ
̳ǳ⣬һ˾Ȼ
վ￴ʮ˱ץֵˤһţÿЦ
ñӣһȦӣ˿ڣû˷˭
³򣿡ߵʣ۹ۿ죬ҲȤ
ͷԵȣֻýߡ
룺š˼
˵ǺġźͰԱ߿˰죬ֻȭͷ̫ʹ죬һɱ֣һ˵غ󣬲׷ţ
ˣϷŸ棡
Цȥȥɣɱ˶ˣ
һϵĵŹȥܽһñס
ı٣ֵһ
һձ߳һѪĭ˵ߣȥ³ˣ 
ŲŲںŴһЦȥһӰ˵ڵأϥϸѾˡ
ΧֵЦްġ
ҲˣȾסŴС˵ǵ֣Ҫ²ñЩֲһˡղŰһ־ͷŵһˣ°Ŵ̫ˣһʱ֣ע⡣
żð⣬ǰۣһϥǳʹβ£ҪһǺݵģѾץסͷ׼ëˡ
żͷƤһۣѾ泯ϣ׽סͷٱڱϣڹһ̲ҽ
ղűϵ£ˮѣ˭֪һ˵һָ̧ͷͿڲҽУ֣ãë
һһ߷ȥͰĵ
˴ú޼ˮƽȫ֮ģΧкá
ⳡΪʵΪŹı˻ƻŲòձӪ
źͰúʹ죬ǺЩڻĵϣмȼһ󸪷ڻм䣬ڷĶʳ
̳ǣʳѾ˰ճϰߵʳ
κһʳС̯ǰһֻ޴ĸǼ򻯰Ķʢɸֹӡ⡢һʳ
̳ǵһͶڽϣӶˣһǮͿԳһ룬껹ʢ
Ծ޶˵ʳҲǺܷ㣬ֺζʳѣֻҪнΣй⣬Ϳúܺóˡ
̳ǣڽͷβŵζҼһϻһǶʳζ
̳УѾʳͽǮ֮ء
ûҪ̳ǣʳǮ̳ǰ˳ϵľˣˣ˾Ͳˡ
ԣһЩͷˣ󶼲òͷеǱ˰Ŵġ
ΧŴ󸪵ԾĿʼСŨζãǶҸһ̰
һ˵ҵܵܰᵽ̳ǿȥɴܵܿȥһ
ھȣʣµѾ˵
ҼүүүүԸ⡭
үүԸ⣬̲Ը⡣
ҵ˵Ҫ߾Ҫүү̡үү̴ӵڳһߡ
һʼ˵˵ҵܶԸ⡣
ʣµ˸ϽߴǾǰ
̳ǲڴ˵ذҵġ
ǲﲻ˵³ѣǺܺѧġ
³Ϊڣ߾ж˵ߵķԣصˣǿܵ³Ҳ˵ˡ
ǸΪżĵĲĸܵܲӦǡ
ŶˣҪȥʱȥǲ뵽³
Ǹ̰γ򰢾һŷŵ
֪ʵ̫󣬸ɴڵϵһߵҲû취ȥԼ͵ܵܡұиСأʮûȥͲˡ֪쵽Ұˡ
һǹѻ·С쵽ĽҰ⣬ȻԼҲģҪôǳˣҪô
ĬĬᣬ˵ҲҰѵܴܵϣҲң»ػؼҲˡ
̳ǣŮǿԶһʳģ
̳ǣСøͲ
ʱ뵽̳ˡ˵뵱³ˡ
ŰţĿ˸ɱҰɡ
ҡͷҲɱ㡣ת»԰ܴܵϣ֪ôǻȥ
ŻصǰµӡȵǶҰһɾ˯ˣźͰһص
ʵǸݡбڣһӣǺ˵ġ
ɺ͹һ壬ʤˣӣǽҹȥҹӱ𡣡
Цĳ£δӮ
ҪڣѾŤͷˡ
׹˵ĳҲ£
ѲӮɣ
ֻЦ
ҡͷûӮ
޺޵ĵһֻۣ̾ʣûõˣΪ˱ġ
Ц˶ˣͲҪˣˡ
ֻ̾
Ӷʰá
ˣΣҵϢ
ŵûСһ˻ʲô֪
ɫʱÿˡ
һ㣬֪̾ǺϢӣʱܻȥ
ˣҾȻڶõˮ©˭һ죿
˼գµԸŵġ
ĸĸףһˣˣǰϢסˡ
ȻѾ׼ı䷽ˡ
⵱ȻǶġ
׵ѶһղͲóȻ̤ҡ
һֱҲûɼʱ䳤ˣԵ⡣
ֲȥԸңҪҵ֧֡
ٴҧʵڲУ򼸸ˣܲǱҴ
ǲʧȥͰŵģĸȫ֣ˣҲ޲ߡҵŮµȣҲע⵽
ֻܴΧ̽Ϣ
һֱû˵⡣
ֹʮգһﵽ̳ڴҵϢ
Ůոʮ꣬Ѿ޸«ū̫ӣΪ̫ˡ


411 밢
ش̳ǻһ·ϾжˡԽֳߣԽ, ԭߵҰżܿǵİ, Ȼ˻ǻٲһ·ֻܿˡ
ô𣿡һϲЦտ, Щš
ͷѾв, ԼЩƶ, ĳȥҲܶһǮ
ô벻, һ족³ľȻǻƶѾƵҲ
һ·, ûпЩзãʡ
֪еġָľǰաǷ񰲾ҵǷץ˰ȵȡ
ҡͷǶû³˼ĸıնϲ⣬ҰҰйʮһ
ڳ, ǲӵܣͨգСӵܣѧ³֡
ֵȻ, ҲɵáҪüʫ, £ͨپ鲻ɣҪѧҪڻͨ졣
³־ͼˣֶ, ʶ࣬϶࣬ûôҪأصԼдΪɶ
޸ļֵǲ³ȷʵҹЩǵ־ûô˷ˡ
ſں͹ſڵ϶Ŵֳġ˵Ľ֡е˻רŴֳǴµġ˵Ľ֡ˣĻܻӭġ
³׵ľֽӦôˡ
һ·ϣһĳǳضвֽȻֽݬ룬Ķá
һЩ
СĽӹһг̲һֽţǴǻƺɫȻıйΪֽ̫࣬кܶѵĵط
ֽͨī֭дǵǻģǷˡ顱øŨī֭ɫд黹ľϣһЩʿӳΪ˹ġ
»ֽ˵ǻֽԽԽõġ
ڵֽһֲѣȡļ򵥡ľ빵ĴƷֽƶ֮Ķܹ
һҪôΪģҪôΪ˵ģ˵òöǳԿˡ
ֽʹ˽࣬ȻȻͻ¡
һ㣬ȴˣһʣɻˣôˣ

˵ṫ˵Ů͸«ū̫Ϊ޺ŭȥˡ
Щһ䣬ֻ̾ڻȥɾҪ䵽·ˡ
ǹĸϻعģһȥȲˣǳ«ū̫ӹŮ˳
Ůһͱסźҵ˳󣺡壡壡̫̫ľ
һŰ˸߿סŮû˭ԽҼҵŮ
«ūҲΪϢҴҸϻأһĻΣǰϢŭ˵
޵̫ӢΰֻСŮףֻ²ƥ䣬̫ӷСŮң
«ū˵ͨͶ̫ᣬҶһƬ飬뿪𣿡
ŮϣֻǱסڿޣ«ūĻҡͷֵͷ޵̫ӣҲ㣡г谮檣ȢǾͺã
«ū˵Ѿˣ̫ӣȻСŮ⣬̫ӿЩ
«ūŵǰ˵ֻֻ÷ˡ
ɫ԰ףסŮ굽͵ˡ
Ů˲ˣҳֻܷסͣᡣ
ϳ̴ӹȡһľУͳһҩӣ¡
ҩһźЩˡڳϣ԰˵ߡ
ԥӡ𣿡
ҡͷҳŵס죡
«ū̫ҸֻҸĸ
Ҫȥʡ
«ūǲҪȥˡҿȷʵԸ⣬һֱǳذ룬ʵǲǡ
Ҳʵĸһֱ볶ϹϵһֱҲǡͻȻֻҪŮΪ̫ͻ֧«ū֮ŮǾԲӦġ
ǲ֪ԭһжġ
ͻȻòԣ㰢벻ڣ£ôеӷԣ
«ū˵ʵʱҾ;֡ΪȣռϷ硣ҵĶһֱô
ͻȻԸŮ޸Ҫ̫֮λҲ
ѾˣǻࡣСԼ̫֮λûôֵǮ
پԱȲŮ
ᶦϣ
ڷᶦ
«ūʵ벻ԭһҹûзӦ̽ȥ̫̽
Ȼ벻Ը⣬̫Ͼʽйġ
«ū˴֣µȥˡ
ϵҲ֪û
ӣҲϳŻ̽ˡ
֪ãȥӵҿһҾȻŽգһ˶ˡסһϵǶ˵һ˾ͳǼȥˣ컹ûء
ʣµ뵽ʱѾЯ޶صҷǣֳƺڳǡ
һͬģʮʯʳʯ
뿴Լ͵󣬻ڷֱʱ˵ĻСڴԤףֳ㡭ƽƽ
ǰţص³ɣԸ⣿
ҡͷĳԸȱ֣ĳӲˡ
˵ɴأұҵĸѪⶼڱңôҽиһ³ˣҪȥҪߡΣգƴȣңҪȡ
תţţڻԸȥ𣿡
ĿɿڴҧĳԸĳɶԹ޶⣡ӼɵǹӲã
˵Ӧȥȥ˾ͻúñɣһˣͻ˵ɱɡ
ΪѣԱ߿ţµӣԸ
룺
˵һֱĽΪˣҲɻẦӣðȥɡ
뿴˿Բֵܣʤֵܵĺӣ̾˿ͷðɣȥɡ
طʰȥˡ
ãȻĸȥʱףȥᰢİȥһʼǽȥ
ţס˵Ѿˣɵ壬㡣ȥ³ֻӻ㣬ġȥӻҵġ
ߺߵ£һң
Իƽ˵
Żһۿͺˣס
ҪȥϸһֻǼɲͬӵ˼ԣҪڱҪʱɱˡ
ɣߵˡ
ʱ³ܹӾɱ³³еˡ
ֻҪչӵĻȥɡԹģһ쵽
ŵĻ֪Լ᲻չӵĻȥ
ȥ
ס֣ͣ˵ȥȥ
ıסȻ͵ðˤڵأȥŹؽˡ
ץסŴУ
뿪űϢ̾ȲҪų
Ȧֵܣ˵ӣǸɣȻˣΪҪðȥء
Ĭһ˵ΪҲܹ
ðŻȥͻᱣ֤ܻȥ
ΪͲðԸҲ޷ɡ


412 ³
·ߵͷֵһ, û취³ͨС
Ҳ, ΪͲ˽ǡֻкܽǡ
ҰΪСϰԵʣ, ˫۹, һǸˡ
, ˣ˵ԼҪǣ
Ųɷ˵Ҫ, Һܵÿ죬Ȼֻ¾Ҫ´ˡ
غᴩ³ɴ죬ǰҲֻȥ̳, Ϊ³еĳǳض̳һ˽
Ӻ𣬰Ͳߴ, תСǡСΪҪҪϢ
СǡСһýǵǷ˽Ҫʰʲôġ
ֻһƥϵһЩ̲, ˵Լġ
СҲûһ, ſӵĺܣ˶Χųţ
Ҳ鳤ʲʿһȲģ̫, ôҲܡ
ǸǰܷվŸǰʵСʲô
֪ԼҪʲôֻ˵һЩƶ
СЦƶҼֵĶУ˭ȥ
һǸˣ
СŶһԭ˰ɣĻƶ㵽ĴȥһǮԶһأϢġϢֻͨҪڽתһתֳǵϢ˱ģҲһЩݡ
ҪȥɣȻɵͷɵʲôܲ˵ֱȥ
ôһ·ȥͻеˡ
һЩ顣ڼ˵³ʶ飬Щȥ
СЦ˵ʲôջƶģʵİɣ
³飬Īڡ˵Ľ֡Ȿ鲢ʲôұ׫˵һȺڵѧͯдģֳǽһѧµѧֻͯвڵ˲ܽȥ
ⲿ˵Ľ֡ЩѧͯдģΪҪдһǱСʹûҲܿһ顣
ⲿ鵽ڻû꣬˶Ϊıдȥհ³Զȥ
Ȼ˵Ľ֡Ÿո³֣³Ѿٵ֣ࡢκȹˣͨƽֻҪԼѧϰϳʮϰٸ֣ǰûԼҲֵˡ
ԣ˵Ľ֡һһµʽ³󣬾Ѹܱڡ
Ŀǰֻµġ˵Ľ֡˵ҲΪˡ
š˵Ľ֡һȥĻ³ֽֽժֽ
ҲƲݲ
һˣͼʶжƳ繫ֽΪصǺسǵϵ̫ؾͷǳ֣صһݡ񡱡ʮϵȵ³ֽ
ҲǲݽƳɵģѩ׵ժֽ
֪ʱԼĹֽȻѾҳ˷ǳص
׵ĵȻķıֻǿ̫صӣŴûùֻɱղʱˡ
ǵùӿ֮󣬵ãϴʱ˵ʱ򵥣Լдûôˡ
ֻԭѩ׵ֽãⶼǹõľ̫ˡĸ֣ȫһŵīдʲô
ʱЦΪд֣˵ķ¡
ӿЦˮȥʱһţˮԼһ
͹ŽҲЦ˹һ
ǰ£Ȼ
֪Ⱳӻ̤ܲأ
С翴ˣġ
СЦǶԲסȥ鰡ˣ
˵ַ·ǽͰıԹϻһˣ˵Ҫ飬ˣȻֽˣԼҪֽ飬ֻȥҺ˸ץˣ˻
֪ԵʣɵԼҴɣֻź뿪
߹Ǻ󣬽ҲԲˡʮ궼ûѧı£ʱ̰ܰϽ֣һֱɣٳš
˵ҪǹҪǿűʺ
ˮأպÿһﱻߵˣЩֵĺܡ
Ƕס˫֣һǣһһͷ˵Ҳмǧˡ
д˶ڿޣмһˣΪǶѺǵʿǮΣ
Ҫٲꣿ
³˶̷Ϊ³ˣǮȻǮߣȴԹԡ
ʿҲܿ˻û˵ٲˡ
ЦҵȷȻýǮ
һһʣ֪ҵ
ʿ֪ȻӪ˾ˡ

³Ǹ˼ĵط
𣬸ǰߣ쵽ˮʱͿǰȦľһˣһŮˡ
æŮǱߺޣһʻǵΪԣ
һ𣬺˾͸ˡ
СޡǸͺ˵ᣬȴǽŮ˵ҪԴ˵Ϊÿ췹ˮ棡˯شҪԴ˵ûΪǲϻؼҵİ
ŮҲǳĺǵӦ׸𣿡
׵޵һҭһ˲Ӧˣ
ŮԵ֤һԴ˵ررã
͸˷ֿˣ˳Ľ˳ǡڳУס껹ǳԷҪȥõǼǡ
ˣû취Լ˵ݣֻõǼΪˣὭ
õСдһӣľһ£ݸҪǶ˾ͻһʮǮסԼıžС
šЩãȻΪϲЩʲô˼
СҲָȥ⿴и£ȥһ¾֪ôˡ
ߵ⣬ľ壬֡
ǰֱֻ࣬Ȼ
߹ȥһҲıȻһһһʮЩһĬһġ塭
ֳǣй
ڳܡ
Զ
һ˵㣡
һʼֽ˾ǸԽ˵ͨһ°ǵļѣֻ˵Ȿͺѣ
ûǻ۵˾Ͳѧ
ǻ۵ȥǣЩ鶼ûˣ
˵ͨǿȨѹˡôԣһ仰˵㣡
㡭ֱѪ
ϽͣʿֻܼרѧʣһУġ˼ǣôдôд飬õֺȫɴ׻ˡ
˦ȥ
˲˿
ʱŹɳͷˣֻ
ʱһУҪ̧֣Ͳ̫ͬ⡣ԣϣһˣĿӦ붯ҡҶԡѧʡ¢ϡ
ԼǸңܷҡ
ȻûʲôãĿҲá
µ򣬾ǹµļʽ
Ŀǰ³ѧԼֵ֣ıﻹѧӦãȫõǼ֡
³ֻɹΪһʼû뵽ôӰ
ΪơԽеͯΪɣΪҵĽڣ͵ѡ
û˷ԡ
³ֿʼҲֻڰաʹáǸõģȻӣαظƽϣ˼ռϷ硣
Ҵ³ַʼûţʱʱķһЩϢȥû³֡
ȵڣ֣Ѿ֣ʳѾһǧ˰ٳˣɽֳ˴򣬽󽫾Ѿڴĵ˸᲻ҲʲôĹٵʱתͷһ³Ѿ֮ȥˡ³֣˺˵İҲ
ǷֵʱѾˡҲֶֹ۵Ķԡ³֡ҡС
ҵĳӶˣ˵вټҵ˵ºιȥġ
Ȼˡס
ǡڴʱһ֣˵ǸõģΪǱݺ³ˣҪн³ˣֻʹһʽҲС
ͬһáЦеĵᱻ˷ֵġ
ܹҡ
һҪĵġ
ֲҪҵĶǸĸõġԺ󣬻᲻ŰǶãӰ쵽³ǾͲˡ


413 ϯ
ǽ£֮ǰ
ΪͨտֻҪдԼ, ԼſڵĽֵƽ˳Ĺһ, һвִܲܲ򽻵
͵Ȼȷ, һ˻Ӵ, Ӧõġ֡׼е߰ˡ
, ƥһ鲼, ˼ǳһĶһǰ˵Σһ㡣С, ʼкŮͷ, ÿԼ뷹ӣʡҸ߶٣ֶ٣˱Ȼһ£ϰֱӳˡ
ߴĸȻУֻ·мҲóʹ, ռҵŮӶԼķ, ָеĴָָΪõġ
ˣܲǸǺǶ, ôġ
һֱȥҲûʲô³ܻӭְҵӶ˱˺ͲòӿŲͳһˣΪֵļʽӦõͨ˵Уеڸߴ󣬶üֱļӼ˳һӿҪ˼ܻȻ⻹лǰ¡
ֶðȥѧǰѾ˷ġ
һȺ㲻壬Ҷȫƾµ̼ңܳɹ
ʱܵˣǶȫţҲҪͨ飬˵طԣڰͨԣܸҳϹϵܸմ򽻵̶һ߾Ǽ꣬ͷ¶ޣҪбүֲܳΪһɹˡ
³Щ˺Ͷ˵ɵϵѵõˡ
Ǻܸ³ոлˣҹĶǣԸѾЩϡ
˵ⶼĴ󣬲Żðﲩʿǹʹ
ȥͲˣȴһֱڶﲩʿġΪ֪һ븴ﲩʿĳɹ
֣Լðͷģϯ壬ѧλġ˵һϯ壬Ϊʲôеڶأ
ڳǰҪԲʿôġ
ǲŻ֡
ֳȡһĻȨսңǲңԡ購ȥԡһ飬Ӧõˡ
ֳɹˣѾ飬ǡʿͿ
㲻ɹҲ沩ʿϵȡˡһжˣʿϵְλġ
ָҪϵͱǰɷˡѸٱ˶˿˿ܻ飬ֵƫϲ裬ڳһǳӡ
ǰûϵ汲ҲûϹԵǱõȥԱСʱΪӦõģϾϻϵʱȷʵԱߵĳϵȺģѡޣţΪǲʿ˰ɣ
ߵţ˿ϵ£һ˵֮²źðϵĴ
־̹ȻΪժǹ֮¶
˿һ;ˣֵ˼Ҵ湫״ʱɵµģǸº͵ڴԵȣһĸﱨţȻҲشˣ֡
˵󣬾ֹȥ˿˻ػװȥ˴˵ȥ빫˵־۾ˡ
ȻǹȥĶҵң˳ٽңǼ͵̫죬е㲻֪ߵغˣҪѹһýǰ㡣
ǶˣصֻһʶȤȻᰮڼڣҪ֣֣ĶֵҰģȥζרѧǹͿҲ˳ˡûң֡
̾˿ôһ·֣鷳С˷̫ྫ㲻þһӰˡ
ȻôܽйģЦ
Ȼ󽪼ͽϯ尵ʾһ£ϯʿȥﲩʿ̸һϯʿߺﲩʿʼչأиϯʿ۵⣬Լ˭ȽҪ˭Ϊʦﲩʿ£ôȥܱģ
ڹȷʵΪѣֻҪѧϸһȻάġ
Ҳϯʿﲩʿͬġ۵㡱ΪǵһӦ÷׸ûֹѧڴﵽδ֮߶֮ǰһз¶Ӧ÷£ӦﲩʿǰΪﲩʿ뿪ĸˣһ׷Լѧϵĳɾͣôݺ͵λأ
ﲩʿϯʿİɣΪԼǰʱΣֻȡССĳɾͣôֹǰأ
ȥˣϯˡ
־һԴԴ֮УҲҪһˣ˵ϯΪ˶ģҲðϯڲʿߵ¶ϧˡ
ﲩʿΪ˺ͿѧһѺ֣պල
ǰʱѽϺͰÿһﶼ˳㣬ԽϯǡүүҲԽ塱
̣꣬ܽתϯͺ硱ˡ
ʧЦϯһˣ󣬴Ͽϯϡ塱ȴֻϽϯ塰硱ȻΪˣͨﲻЩ⡣
Ҫϯ壬һ顣
Ļн䡢͹㡣
ϯҲǣ԰еּ࣬ҲЩĵãԶˡ
ʵ淶Ĳֹһֻһʼ
Զ̼ҵĶдСǳС¡ԣöǿõģҪϺ淶
ҪĶҪװʮʳÿĶʹǰҪгǰĹƽǰɳһɳȫ붷УأҲ١
ϯɳȹءʮɳʮȲһ¡
˵ҲԲɳҪˡݻתȷʵе鷳ĶùףȻᱻ͵ֻüҪ㹻ϸܣп϶
ǶǱƣпףˮˡ
ҳһܴףҪ׵òᱻ͵ߵĶ治ס
ϯʱ¶ϲɫ
гλĶгƽʱġʯλ˵Ľûг㣬һ˵мʯʳ˵м󳵻
ͨƽ峵ӣֻһƥȥС࣬ضһһܷʮһٴףٶ˳ԯϣҲ
ҿҲжϳϵĶжأʱԼǿտ˵ļʯǧʯ
ΪԳϡҲΪλͨǿڶഫĵãֱӦ
һͱԳĳ峤ָߵףԯ̵ȵ涨
ͬҲϯ塣
ϯȻ͸ˡ
࣬гпܻõĶһЩϸڵĲֻҪ
ѾȥѧҪٶһأϯʿˡ
һƣͽмӦõȴѧѡСӣ̽ǡ
ϯҾһ񣬼л࣡
ȻҲøʲô߳ܣ˵Цˡ
ˣѵÿڣǺ
Цˡ
ǿߴˣҲ̫ãһϣΪ֮ˡοĺֹϣϯָһ
ϯѾָȡȥˡֻҪϯպԶǲʿˣϯӵܵһͨݡ
ϯѾȢӣȢӹѾӵĽ㣬޼ҽãһҪֹˣͽֻҪȥѧͰ£Ľ̵㲻˽ֻǵӾˡ
һǡ
ŬϯҴȥ
ĺǶƣյĵҲҪԽԽáЩȫϯҴµĸϯҵĻ硣
ȶԣȻҲֳ˲ʿ֮׳˼壬ڶ࣬ǵĿͱ˻ȡȨ
˵ô࣬Ц˵лҡ
Ҳˣԭ˵Ҫôˣʲô˸á
ǰ˵İ취̫ʵϯ˲ţһβһֻҪöԷܳʱ䣬ֱɳҵĳ̶ȣҪıԴķʽ֮ǰϯָã


414 ֮
ǳģһе, ǲĹպʷ, Ҳڻ¡
ϯժǹĳصҺ, ˳ȥõͽ
յĵ, õʮ˾ר, ۶ڱǣر, ȣͷϵһ仨ȹߵһ, ҪСһģһҪǧε㣬һáֻƳľżкü, ͥԺְŰʮʯ񣬻ٸϵĲλľͷɣ֤Դ
Щÿ˯ʱĶľ, ˵˰ľڼ, ֮֮Ӽʶ˴ֵġ
ϯǹʲô£Щ˶Ͻ£ϴ, ҴҸ
ϯؼҺϣеļҲƽ˵֮ķѾվ˵ӡ
룬Ȳǽ裬ĵѻȸû˶һҲû˵ȫϯǡ
ϯһյ裬һ󣬻̿һֱƻ裬Сͯ;ԺӲˣԴ
ʱѾ˲ˣȻֱԳϯ壬ȴҲҡҰڣͣ
ȫļŵľ㡢㡢㣬ɵÿˮ
ϯ꣬Сͯʳ£ϯ֮󣬾Ȼʳߣϣһ඼ˡ
ʱԺһӽкȪģתߣ˽û˵ôˣȪ˯ˣһȥԸٻ
ˣʱȻмˣҪµģҲиȪһȥӵġ
ʣµ˶ûߣҧš
ϯһ˯죬ʱԺеѾ˵ϣеʯҲڴ
ҲѾȥˡ
ϯҲƣĵ߳ڰֲСͯҲЩˡ
ߵЩӵУм磬ǽǲҪţ
ĵӸϯߵڵŵϵƣ
ϯһ£Ҫȥ
ȪҲǱ֮һʣкηԸ
ϯ˵Ҫҳ׵صݵ֮
һȺ׵أݣ⡣
ϯ˵Ҫʰǡ
͸ˡ
ȪͷԻ飬ʣʢ׵ʲô
Ǹѧ⣬ֻϷȪԴӸϯ󣬽Ӵģÿһ֣ҪӦõʵ
ʵһף϶ֻһȥ㣬һǧһȥ㣬ٳһǧһ򣬾ܵóһĽ
ʵıزһˣʲôӦüֵ
ûֵĶǲġ
ֳˣҲƼﲩʿȥˡ
ϯϲȪ϶䵭ƽʱҲǳǲٴɫ
ȪʣԶΪɡ
ȪʣĶɶúܰ
ûһȷֵܽǡô࣬ĸʣ
ϯ⻹ҽ𣿡
ˣҪԼȥҶˡ
Ȫܾͷô򵥣ϽҲֻܺͿ
ϯ˵Щ˻ȥˡʣ»ͥԺĵ˯һ󣬷Ѿڹˣм˼ˣæǵĹһٵǼÿ˵ﶼʮдСоɣһףȥﶼˡ
ʣµȻޣ׷Щûֵ꣬ȥС
ȪͷϻճŹȿǣȫǹϵԵﻹҪֻҪЩ˵ȫһ
Ȫ˭ȥҪ˭͡û˵꣬Ѿܹˡ
Ȫٺ֣ƭˡ
ΪЩ˹˶þͻȻȵ綼ûˡͷˣǮǻԷ𣿡
˵ûأˣû˳ԣŵ˵ỵء
ȪסԳˣһ·ߵ˽ϣûߵгͿʦֵܻ米ᣬƳ¿һѲ֪νĶˡ
ǡȥʲôˣǰͷǸʦ֣ƺ˺üֽ͡סΡǵԱߵһʦǻ಼һȫǳõĲһʦųģȫǴССͣˮоͣһ¿ģ¿ȫǲ˺͹ס
˾һᡣ
ϣض˾͸ˣиʦֶһ׼ʲ齼У˵ǹ
ЩסļԺﶼģð
Щ˶־һͬؿƿ˵Ǹʲô
󣬺ȪŴһڳ
˿˵ȥгһֻȻ
˶ܳȥˣ˵ǡ֡ȻֻһͬĶڡʲôƷͬأ׼ͬƷҲһ
е˾ظˣǶţԼĽȷġ
˾ͷĶǲϣԾӦǺܺģϾϵಢ࣬Ӧõı׼Ҳһǳߴ磬۸ҲһҪô۹ո뾫Ҫô۳̡
ģһʦҲ˲һѽ͸ˣȻͱˡ
˵Ľ֮УһҲǲʱǵĽһ𣬱ضԼеֻҪȷһӦȥʣЩҲѡ˲ˣ˵ķڷ֮ңҲʡõʱǰ
ʦ˵ĽȻֻͬȥԷģóĸ
֮лҲѡ˲ϣȥһ£ˡ
˾ͷʹˣô죿
Ȫ֮󣬳ûעʱȥϯˣŲʣҪģҳı׼ɣ
ϯӰ̧ͷ
Ȫе˵֣ǵһǵָ֮ʳҪģʵ֮Ǻ֮Ķ
ϯ˵ǲǮ𣿡ǮԺһС
ǮȪת˼Ȧ˵ǮǡǮϵĶгණȴһʱ˵ϯ尸ǰ˵񡢾ҪĶۼεǸԣеĶһ
ڴּĿϯ壬ܸĶԲԣ
ϯ忴Σһ仰û˵ͷ㣬ȪǰãһĴӼ䣬ʼ
˵ˣ
˰ɣ
վһ׼ĬĬ˳ȥ
ϯʱ˵Ȼ֪ˣȥ㣿Ȫһ̧ͷ䵭Цº͵ĴߴٵȥְҪ͵ҿɲ㣡
ȪĳȥԽԺִʦֵǣͿʼĶ͹ס
Ҫһһȥ
ˮǻֵ֤գϳȥ˷ǣڷֵ˼ա
ӷǵֳһ·Ͼǿϣ·ЪšС¿ŸֳֻȥҲеǴֳǻˮȥһĴϣ˾Ȼﲻ
ĽҰ⣿
Ÿһ·߹ȥ˿ˣǿԶĴׯ͸ֵİա
ȵǣֵصİվȻô࣡
ھһʱͶˣΪʯϺֱ׵³дһλֵز˰˭ƭˣͳң
ֵؾȻ˰
ôأ³˰ʲôʲôôӣǵҲԸġ
Ұڵĸʱ־òٵġǵã֣İնԸѳҪ˰ˣĳũūȻԼֵǾġ
³տѳô½˰ǲ˰һİɣ
һ˵һ³˷Ц
ôᶼ˰
ǴֳǸĶݣû˼ҵӹǿͲǵ˰ˡ
ֳֻǲУʡ
ֳֻǲУ


415 ɣ
ֳǸߴĳǽȴǴϢ˳ǵ, ʮ֮, Ŀ֮ĵط۰ܼĲݡ
Ħ࣬¿⳵һ߿ͨ, ˡԼĵ, ̳ǵĽֵһģһ
Ľֵ, ֪ǰضг
һһÿ͵ӣǣŵҲ, ൱ǡ·ߵСк͹٣Ҫˮ𣿡
Ծ棡̫ɹڵˮ
Ҽϴ¸иɾƯĺѣ͹ϴٳԺһ·Ͳˣ
ˢĵط͹Ϣʱ飡
ﻹе㶯, һͣ·͵̼ˣ˵͹, ȥɣҼҵӿˣϴͷ걳ϴţҪкӣҪиˣ
Цǽ
ҲЦ˵ﶼڼ, ϳɻǽ裡
Ц, ·
ӾһݷΧĴԺӣԺȫʯ̵أʮľͰ¶ԺУÿͰﶼһӣ, аŶɵĴ˴걳
һֻһۿæк͹٣ҪϴгӣҪԺϴͰˮǸɾġ
˵˵ҵˮɹġ
˵ɹģɹˮ͹ˡҲȥϴأ࣬ûɾ
˵Ҫϴ۾͸Ͻˣʱһӱһֻ޴ľͰڿյϣˮעȥˮ߷֣۾밢ȥˣѰµ·˵͹٣ϴ·𣿲ҪǮ
һϴ·ҪǮʲôҪǮ
˵ϴͷ桢걳ϴŶҪǮ
Ͱϣֵֻ̹·ҲϴҲϴ
۴Ӧһ·ȥۣһ⿪ͷԷϵҴ㲻һƵһߣˮ̳Ľţò˹ϲ
ۣһŵһɿҩζȵϴͷõĻҩˮô󷽣
Ĵ˵ȣ˾Ͱӣҩˮϴϴãɱ档
űߵĴ˵⻹ǹҪء
һ·ľǴ͹صǴֻܸʿӳ⣬ʲôܣ·һ﷢ִ˳ҪݹŮ˵ݹܷ޶ӣףǸϥǸߵƯСкüĿ㣬һ˵ժǹڵŮʱüǧӣڵ˹̺ǰ˹ض޺г
ڵֳǣִűøˡ
˵һǰ˵йζضΪҶϴ裬Ҫó˶ҩˮϴ衣
ôֵ£ֳǵ˲˿ɣǷһҹ֮Ϳټӣרϴġ
ϴ裬ǮڼԼϴûǮİȥϴ˭רŻǮȥϴ
ûϵǣӾȻǵĻӭеĵֳ⣬סĵطʣûдϺõˣﲻϴ裬ܰϴ·Ϊʲô
ȻֳΧҲˡǲԸȥϴڼϴҪѲе˼ҲδôĵطôԡͰ˵Ҫҩɱ棬˼ȥϴһϴ㡣
дʫӣ˵ֳ˰ɾϲ࣬¡
ϴɾֳһٱ󣬰С˯һʡɡס
ɺ˶֪
ɾ·Сͯ˵ɵȻǸסһˡ
һСͯҡͷ˵ǣϲˣʧͰˡ
һСͯ˵ˣסҲܽйı棬иʷ
࣬ɢһʷǰһӣˡ
µǰ˵ĳоɣֳǣݷá
ѣò衣
û뵽ôס
ȥŲŷֲһ㡣
һʱǣˣڶʱǰĵжˣӣЬҲˣòʱѾˡ
⸮ۡ
ֻ⸮֪ĻǷ֮
а
ʱһСͯƣʿ˻ȥ֪
˵ˣὭ
Сͯ£ʣ˳ԷƽʱǰԷǰԲˣк㣬Ҳк⣬ѼУҼһлͷӵģˣʳһʳӰɡ
ҲųԹ˻ˣټɡ
һȣ͵ȵϡһֱû˯СͯһʱˮһʱͷԣƲˣʱ䣬ȥˣֹȼ̴
Сͯɰ֪ӡҲ⣬οСֻͯǱ̵Ҫ¿˵һһУһһʲô˼
СͯԻСͯɵһ֪Խϵȴһʲôܴ
Ҫϴ£ͷ˵ֹϴأϲﲻвӬ󣬽ÿ춼Ҫҩء
һ㶣ʲôҩ
Сͯںҩ
һҩϣ
԰Ȼôɱ󣿡Сͯ˵
æʣʲôҩ
Сͯ˵˵ǽаٲ
ʲôҩû
ľսе㲻ժǹô󵨣ڴҩѵֳǵ˶𣿴߾û˵
֪䣬ʱѾȥˡ
һ˵ˣ·룬ȥ߰ټ
ȥ֣ߵĶ԰ɣʲô
Ц˵ȻҰﺦŽߵҡ
üҪôţ
̹Ȼ˸ߣһ嶼Եûʲôɽɵĵط
׺󣬾֪ܹˣҲ̽ʲôŻͻ˹Ĵ¡
鷳˵
ЦǸ֣ȻһŹóĸǵֻɲ֪սңȻͷŽУ¼ɡڣ
£Ҫ
߾ǻȻҲǻ
£ǡܽ𣿡
ֻ»뿴Ҿʹȥϲȥʶ
ڶգ첻ͱһʶ˽
˸׳õʲôм룬ǹ룬ɿ米ȴʹǹĺ֡
µǽ£ֽ㣬߰ɡ
ϣԺžͱ˵ѵϣʣ˵ĹãպҪʶһ
Цزʧ
ɣϺɽΪʲô
˵ӵ粻㣬ɣҪѶϢ㡣ȻͰѾ޶ǵϢ
ǡŶˣ
պù취ЩúôǣҲǺڳǣú֮࣡ǰᶦʱǵú
԰˵ãмҪʴ磬ھͻȥһˡ
ʲô
˵ҪҪúȥһ´磬ٸңҿù
æͻȥ


416 ƶ
³Ļƶյþ͸ˣΪֻƶԽԽ, ˵ǽĹƷждĻƶΪ˵ֳ˰Իƶ, ҲǱֻƶĶ, һԾ˹˵в͡
ظϹƷ, ֳǸյĻƶ͹ˡ
˵ֳǲڳǻǶ, ϵСҲһĻƶŵξôֱ, ȵʳҲܵСˣռҲƶʮ˳, ըĳԷ˵ȥа綹֪ûгɹ, ӦҲˡ
ڳ԰ʳıڱ䳤Խζʳȱٵʱ򣬼Ĵ˺ͺܶһʳȻ綹ûгɹ, ƻƶᳵ·, 죬ֳǼҼһɹƶ׼ƽݶ϶ɹˣվڸ¥ϿܿԶİռҵݶȫ, ϲ
ֳƽʷֳܳǰ㽴¶¶źͣһ㣬ζǲء㽴Ʒֺܶ࣬죬ÿ춼ܳԵʵ㽴ġ㽴óһ㡣
ڸֺ֮ϵԽԽܣֳǵμҲˣα÷ǳ򵥣׾ϺõѩΡ
κãͺáֳǵ˾ȻʼƺõֳǽˣȻáأǸ߼
պֳǵĻƶȥҲְɡ
Ȼⱻ˵ƣڵôƶ;иı仯ðոϲӳƶܺȫ³
ǣʼƹ㶹
ܼ򵥣ͼ򵥴ֱǿҪˣǽ빫ǳԷʱϲǾƣǶ
ǺǵȻʶڻƶɶܽǧ֮ǰǶԻƶʶǡιġ
ΪЦ˵ϲľͷǣϲ̵ľͷŵΰɡ
ҾͿȻڡһɫķۣһĺȥˡ
˵İϵȻϷֻۣлǡǺΡ
˶˱䶹ⶫԴڹͥԺﳤ֮󣬾һֱֻڹϳ֣󷽡İʳֽ͸յĹȴδѱǵƷǺܶ˶²⣬ﲻ׵ã͵͵͵Ǵȥɱ͸˵ҲΪ¡
ô˼ء͡󣬶ȥˡҲûм˴̹Ȼ棬ʱ˶
ȻҲҲǳ£Ͼƶ˼ҲǽĿȺ壬ֻеĴμˣԵȻǽˣ˵ҲȣҲȣȻȻͻῪʼ
ŨбУʣµĶ԰ŽԣҲܻԲ
ʱƳ˶Ϊڸвã۸ǳǳͣܶרĵҪôͶҪôֱιţƶ˼ҲڸвðɱڹŹںһ棬һóĨϽҲܵġ
йҩһԶⲽЦĺһǲҪȥ˵ζ
ǰưС꣬Ͻһڶʣ˵㲻кô
Ⲳţʲôô
ƮƮ״࣡
һᡣ
Ҳûָ˵ֻԼᡣÿ춼ԣһʼǹͣòԣϰˣһⶫرռӣԺĶͲôԵȥˣϲĹͷӰǰֻܳ԰Ŷԣ̣Ժȶ
Σ˼󣬴˳˲٣֮£ʼĺô
󣬾ˡԼˣ⼸̨ʱоûôˡ
˵ȥܸء
һȥʱô˵
ⲺĴЦ˰ɣ˳Ǳ˵ߣ
տĹͥʱǿԶü٣ΧΧڿʮӴһĻҳа˸ߡ
˿˰ΣⲶԣһҪˡ
һǰһǺڰİ˳˶ѹڵϴ䶨ˡ
ֳе˶䳣һΧһҲʱԼϼʮѣһ㡣
ã±ɡ
ͳʱȫͬˣһǰգûʶһֱڴ
ݣֻҪһһ壬ѧдֲڵȭŹˡ
߻վʮĸϹٵأą̊́ȥйһֱߵٸ̣Ǹ߰һͷ֮·
뿪
ⲣ㷢𣿡
ţţĵӦһ
ⲸӵĿһۣ㵽˰ɣ
Цһ£û㵽𣿡
Ⲳ˵ˡ
ǹϵϲ򣬻ᵼ³ʼϷյ˿ʼ
ʱֻһ¶ӵŮλʱ̫̣նӡԶ糯
Ȼżλ꣬ȴѾðա֪ϲˡ
⣬ˣšŬУһɼ
򣬺Ϸ˶ŬҪãӮ
飬ϲ򵥵֡˶ѧ³֡
ƣҪôıʱôͷ
ǰտʼʱⲻΪôɥ־
ֻԼǳЦˡ
һֱӣݣȻҪֹȷ
ڴߵֻѾ˴ԱĽһ󽫣ƫоʦкȷ棬вӦʱϮкӦ𹥣н
Ҳ˷ˣ֧ӿ֧սʿܱ֤ʤ
Ұ֮Ҳˣ³жͨʵڲǸȥ롣
㿴ⲵµͷ̾ͻ࣬س֮ˣͲҪΪԼˡ
ⲳĬ˺ܾãڿĸ¥ʱ˵һ仰ĳܽˡ
뽪йһƬȺʱ򣬽λλйλƫλˣλƫҲΨһȡľ¥¥൱á
Ƚ͵ɽȥ󣬹̲ٵȰѴй͹ймĹǽˣȻͼȰѴйſԷλΪɸˣٰѹˣڽйһƬ˵Ǹ󽫾ľãˣ
ǽ޹ţ˸ǬŲơǮһֱʱ򣬵Ǹոá
ڣ̫Ǯ粽ãλԹ
ź֪һֱŲýᵽºΪ
Ȼû˵ˣΪ
֣ʱýؽºл񣬶ôˣýҲÿ˷ԽºӰˡ
Ϲ㷴ԣɾڽºл̫Ǯˡ
ˡ
û뵽ԭԭĿУ⾹Ȼһ¡
޶ˣ˵ʲô
Ÿ¥ǰ㹻վʮʿǰֻͥܳ㳡úܲˡ
һںȣķ֣Ȼϲʳ붹ǣǿзС
ϲôŰǣѾˣƷŰǵС͡
ҡͷǸ㡣
˵ҲķŻˣһر
ʣǸļҵģҳ𣿡
ҡͷһʯѾ͹ˡ
˵ǾͿʼɣú˵ǣǸǲǿ򡣡
˵Ҹ˵ˣú
ǿɺˣϲ
û뵽ѾʦͨˣȻȻ֪ôּۻۡ
˵ǵúҲҪ˾ͷţúֲỵ
ǲͶ룿
ֶˡ
Цŵͷ԰ͶһգҿǮٸԸҪˡ
ʣ𣿡
̨«ūһҡһµһ᲻ģҪιʡ
ʵáᶦ̨ãᶦ̨⣬ܽһңܽҡ
«ų̄ŷ
͹ⲽתͷԹһЦ۵ˣý
㣺
е㵣ǵĿŹ㱻Сʳ
ףһҲʲ
Ŷھͷ±ӣ˵֮ǰѾùˡ
ʧһһء
㣺Ѿȥˡ
ϲȥ𣿡
ֻһ¡϶ұض̫Ӽλ
һ𹨼ҵֶΣʱһ
ǡ
«ū֣ݸ졣
ǰϣ˫Ŀſ·ȴ޷
˳ȥ˽޵Ĵţӻ˼ңҵ󣬿־ĸĸ󣡸
Ȼһ«ūãҪˣԼǱ뵽Уˣòˡ
󵱻ϣ˻ұţð׼ҽ
Ҹϵʱְ׼Ѿˡ
԰ס֮ĲӿӶֻĸӶȥˣλλĸø⡣
׼ҲԼͬ˵̫ռλԲȫ
Ҫľ仰λ֧֣̫ӱض˳λ


417 ú
ûð׼Һҵ˳ǿ޺, ֱٸǳ빬, Ӳڵҹ«ū֮λ
«ūҴҼλ֮ȻҪ³
˵ǻ, ׼ҺҵҲؿƿ˶«ūס, ҰѾ֮ڡ
«ūλ, ȻҪ㷢ٸǳǽ
ȥĻ«ūʹ̫͡, ĴҲֻѹˣ͸λ
˶İ, ε̫Ϊжᣬͳͳ˳ȥ
«ūһ, ȢŮΪޡ
̫ȴвͬ˰׹ˣ
׹«ūȴԩ«ū֮ӭذ׹֮Ů, Ҳ, ҲΪ«ūŮ
«ūȻϲ˳ӭ֮ŮΪ
ԴŮΪ󣬶ѹλ
̫ת˼, 浽һգͽĸڳǰҲҷż
ᶦ֮޵Ȼϲӣгӣһߣһ«ūߣͶ«ūŰ֮Ů޸«ūΪֵԶҲᷴĿɳ𣬽뾹ȻǺ޴£޶ӻǣĸֵܾʹ˷Ŀ
дǣᶦµıȴ붼ȥ˱«ū̫󣬼Ѹٵ׳̫ϲ˵еڵģҪ£ĲԶߵ룬ǽԭС
«ūһǡȥ³ʱһ£ʱ£Ϊǵһ·ϴ̲飬ռֹ
岻תаˣδȬصǺֲ˷֣ÿ糣䣬ûʱŸԷɡ뻹³ʱɫʱˡ
òӣҿޣѿˡᣬ˵˵˵վͰϣ˰ʹߴȥרĸ˵
㿴ɴǷ˵ʡ
ҵɸգÿնҪȥһϯʿˣ˵Ǵ·Թ³պˡǸϯʿӣǰϡ
ʣϯʿǸʲôģ
̫ȷŵ˵Ҳ֪ĵÿ춼ȥ˵Ǹ˰ģ
ҡͷʿһְҲƺǸѧ٣ϲ˰ġ
˵ǾͲ²ˡҿǸϯʿΪɲȥ˴֣飬Ҳʵǿ
³ֻ࣬Ȼǰɣ񣬾͸ڸзʫձȷʵǸ䡣һ룬һȥҲʲôʹͣǲǰװࣿ
ȴĴ԰˵ūͳЩޣ³ǲܹȻģֲȥ³ȥ¹֣Ѿǿˡɴ֮̾־ֻµҲԼðҲҪȡ³࿴
˵˵úƣֻҪʲô뷽跨ŪҲŴҴҸϻء
ȷʵȱˡȱǮʲôȱҪúüúⶫòϣ³Ҫôúʲô
һ³ϲú
ҡͷ㲻֪³ıҪСĶԴ
ҲԾǵթ
ĺң³౾ûġ֪ú̿
ҡͷƽʱòúǰʱ붼룬ò׻˼ҲԼգôݳ޵ů¯ȡů
ú̿գǴĺòϡ
ʱˣЩѹӣѵ³ڰд
룺ʮ֮˾š
ǷԲʮ϶һɫĻңҶݴԡҰ˺ɫ
ٸĺڻɫббĳ嵽ϣ·ӡ
ڸļǳлаմ˵ɵķ
ǵڳǽվһ죬ƻʱҵվڳǽºСӣСӣûȥˡ
̰ǣܣһ߱ԹСһһ죬ﶼءһۣС˵̫̫ʼأȥȰˣͦŶ̫̫һ죬Żȥء
£֪ӡһȥҪȥףȥӣ˵ϲȥˡ
˷ӣǱܣСһ𳤴ôһףӲ˺ӣҲأ
ףӣѾ˸ĸԸպȻҪΪԼ
˵СҲ̫ĺˡ
ô˵һؼһֱȥˡ
˵ˣ㻹̲סˡ
ʱ˵ҲˣһһֶǰԴ󣬿ڰնڴ۳ɰΣд־ԸԴѪ֮׷Ӣ͸ȫ˵գΰݡ
ûǵ´û
ҡͷǰǾͰһΧʮʮʮֱ迨ڣʮڵȫˣҹϵĶʮαѲߡһ£ԭľ඼Ǩˣǽ󽫾ʩһӣڲ֪ҡڰⶼˣǱūǲǣҲ׾ǰȥͶѰ˽ȥ̽û취
ҲĴţ˶סǽĵ·ӳжϣÿһѮʳͽȥҲжͳ
޼ֻհÿѮ˵ĳ㡭һڿˮֻļⶼڷа֮
Щһ̳ȥһֳȥԶǽǵ˾͸ȥˡ
ͷ˵رȫ䣬ֻͼС겻˫ʮд־Ҷ֪ܲɣҽδܵʲôôɣҽҲδʲôԣҪߣ㣬㲻֮ȥֳǣ֪
˸ͷ˵ޣӡ
̾һȥڰ˵ȥɡ
ü㲻֪Ƣԣôȥˣѵͻ𣿡
˵ţܶô谮ֻǴӴ˲ܳлϥ£粻Ҫ֡
˵Сʹ˵ҪҵĽȥķˣ㿴ϵģõϵģϡȻҲ㣬ҵĵܵܣ²ҪţҪ£ֻۣܱ֣ܻ㡣
˰죬ԥһһҪ硭ЦֵͬܣѪ֮ףʲô˵ģֱԱǡ
˵ȻȢ˰溣ֻΪĸϲֻ㿴ڰҵĺӣȺأŮɸ̵ڰ溣ټޣ
뿪ô죿
ǾȢɡȻÿǼ¡
ҲȢɩమԼһġɣȺ뿪ˣҴ׾Ѱһӣð溼޹ȥˡ
ֻҪϲҶԲ
Цˣĺ㰲ãزίҰκòã
µл磡
ĿڣֻҰպ˷ϣپ־򣡡


418 Ǿ
ֳͨɢģòһˡ
йߵһյ, ھҰ, ڲͬĵطڴҲڹϯϣøӼһȡ
ڲϲڹ, ΪֻҪڹ, 족, ˵Ļ붼ȤҲҪЩ˵ʱһҪרע, ʵû۾ҲҪһֱŶԷ
ĳŲסڹ˯ŵ, мضǰ˵˯ˡ
һأ֪Ҫ, վ
ʵ̲ס
øϲ
㲢
ƽʱͿҰļѼ죬һƬһƬ, ׵ġҵġ, ƲһɫҰƶš
һӾ˰շļѼºеļѼȫǸǮֻҪ˴ййİվ͸żļݼˡ
˵ļѼ߼, ΪϲúЦ
˿һһʱһһܼ򵥣𹭼ͻѼɡ
͵͵ڹϰʹ֪󣬽ڹһ䳡ȭšì󵶣йϲȥȥ
еĺʦ
е㡭ܳ
һȥҲ˵ٵɵǰѴø̫ҲôˡȻܵôڣΪн㡣
Ҳ֪˵ĻһǶԵģֻǡܿաļȲǹĺҲǴ磬˶û뵽Ľ㡣
Ȩʲôأ֪Ҳ벻ڸõʲô
ÿȻҪȥ飬ʱһԿ౾Ҳùĺ
ȥֻһͷôôµģ
³֣Ҫѧ
㽨µķǡˮǻҪµĳУ
ڸ̸֣ˣ
㻹ڸ̸ˣ
㻹κͽͼţ˵˵
㻹ڻƶ֮⣬ּµĹףĸƹ㣬Ϊƶûй׺ã
㻹߲

Щ¸һҲˡ
ңڷȨôЩô֪ڷȨأ
ûн㣬ɴûн㣬֪Լڴλ졣
ԽԽϲЩֻڹ˵ϻˡ
˿ɫ滺ˣһ
һҳҴôӹĺͽаѡȨջ
ǣժǹޡȿ̽һ£ժǹǣ͸ôˣһھǳˣͿԶȨˣ
˿Աţ˵ĵһùȥ̽ĻɹʻǺܸߵġ
˭һѡǹأ
Ѿ糿˽ʱסˣһ¹ڲɾˡ
ǰֵգи˶֪źš˿ˡ˽ȫСһ
˵ĸоʹ찡
ϣ֪º󣬲ҪԱҲ˴˵Ŀԡ
˵ʵʱûа˸ȥ´е˸ȥ
һ¾ͱˡ
ڴڵ£ȷʵһֱ
ʹÿ춼ڵϼˣҲһֱ۹£ܻرܵǡȷʵûڴ
ڹλ򣬹򣬽
нǸ裬ÿ춼һӱתȦ
߻һĺϣƺѳ֡³³
һ󽫾ʱϵȻûôԣԶԽЩη֮ɫ
Ŀǰ³֮͢ƾС
ѾӭȢҲѹֹǿʼͼȨ۷硣
֮ǰĶﲩʿϵﲩʿǰűչﲩʿļͻȻðࡰˡ·ʱ֣ץȦ˽Ǯ
Ҿͳ˾֮񣬲֮ǰôˡ
һƲɣһơ
һҲǳɲ˵ġ
Ժ»ԽԽ࣬Ƕ㲻ġ
˿뵽ʹδܻеͻ
³ϣһ빫ֻ³ڵĹƾͻᱻϣһãɢ
֮󣬽صйʱ߾ֶ˼λ㣬Щ궼׳Ƿϲѡ
йſڣһڵԱá
ûϣȴһС

ȳʺãֶҾأµֻͣǶԶ˿ָһ£ȥɡ
˿תȥˡ
СǰģϧڹǰϷǽȥǵ˺ܾãȵƻ˲ſһ˻ٴֻø
ֻǿһָۣ˸;ֱȥˡ
ڴ˽ȥ󣬻رա
˿òķˣ⣬Ȼֱ⣬ȴڲʲôʱܼǡʵϽǸմ֮ڶкڵˣֻ»һֱܳȥ棬ֵ˼֣ƶȥ
Ǵģ˵ĺƯ̬ŵúܵͣ˵СǴ֣ȥμס
Ҳ˵Եȥһվֻ֪ˡ
СЩļΪȥⲣ˱Ÿ֣׼³ʳѾֳ˴ˣǰ̸ǮǮģ֮ǰνף³֣ǮǶ˵ֱͬ⣬һûյʳѽ˻ȥ֣ϲСҲмӣŸϽִӸѹһʳ͵³ͬʱֻ켸ѡ
ûϵǣҲ㣬ݳһֱйڣϹңҲܶ
Ǽ³̸һ̸
˿֪³ţæӦȥμҽס
˿СϳСȥμҡ
ҲΪ³֣ƺѾժǹ֮֣֪֣ǰʲôΣ֣е̫ˣ㵽ʼ
֣ƶȢժǹʵϳժǹֻƬ͵͵ġ³ûһ˼Ҫժǹ޸֣
֣ûȢժǹأһΪԼĴ
˭Ĵ
˵
ǰΪ˳ɣȴòˡ
Ϊ㿪ʼܲˡ
ż³̽һ³ʲô˼ǲҪժǹ
ϵǣ³ڲüˡǰĴ˭ܽ˭ϣڽȥҪԱҪ֤
Ȼ֤ĵһͰˣû⡣
֤ǼǺ֤˵ûܽȥ
ʲôӺζҪôܵһֻ֪ǹͳģһǧŰʮϵĶԽۣϵģȻͲܽ
ǧˣȥٷܲҲ棿
һϲֻвһˣϲͬϵֻжʮˣĳѵϲ𣿡
ûϵ๦ûžж֪ˡ
ȥ˵Ľ֡¡
˵Ľ֡ȫһЩĶ͸֣һκˡȥĿǰеƪ£Ӻǰܿҵνġϲ
ʵǰе϶˸˳ԱʻСϲ֡ΪܳͷΪľïʢɳ˼ϣгͷ֮⣬Ϊ
ϸƷһⲿ˵Ľ֡Ҳȫ޵
ְϾ˵еҳƫ򡣵Щ¶֪ƣʲôںӡ
³ϲʲôʲôǲ֪
ֻÿȥһйǰײ
Ѿĺˡ
ԣϾôˡԶ˿ĳֵĳ
˿ԥһˣԴСؼңٻ󣬽ֱȥ˹й


419 
֣Ƴͻ, Ҫ˯šдѵ, дģһ, ȫ֣
, ͥǰʮ, ȫ裬ͷɢ, 㣬ϵŻ¶غ
һߵǼڳ, ڱʫ䣬Աߵ˵𣿡
ôѧ᣿
Ǳˣ
԰ǰ˰, ȥ˵ǻѧ֣Ķء쿴ǣȻѧ֣˲ͷˣǲӣ
԰ͷջҪ, ජ, ȥʱǲҲ⸱硣
˴ӦûбķԸˡ
ص˵סպˡæܹȥһֻ룬Ͱʢһ뷹, ڷϽϺԱըƣЮ˼ڷϣǰ˳
Աһ˴ڳţ˵ըƣⱲӶԲ
һʱû˵ֻ˳Էһ뻹ȥըҲУֻֻһʣµֻǼ򵥵ըһ£Ҫմԣ㡣
Щ̴һЩǴʱڹģʱڹֻзùĸɱԳԣܳһڲĽѾǺ˵ˣзвˡܳԱ
ܱô˵ڹˣû˲ǶѶʳ͸ǣǳԱǹǴ
һȺ˸֮ǰ˷·ҲþˮϴɾϣԼͼþˮϴһ飬ȼ󣬾ڳϣ˯
һǸ̺԰ˣ˻ȥ͵𣿡
˵ͷš
˵Ϊʲôһ˷ЦǼʣ
˳ɵ˶Ϊ԰ǼܻùϲЦһ󣬽˯ˡ
ֻǸһֱ̺԰û˵۾ֱ˶˯źű۾˯
ڶ죬վһȥ̺԰ϴ÷ȻȥӵԺԱˡ
·ϣ˽ʤ
ʤժ¥ͳ֮ͻһ·»˳£Сס
ǰ·ֻࡢɫΪ£Ϊϡ߲²̺ܽ
ֶһ£ڸĺ˶ͯδڹ̺򣬵ȳʮͻˣ˵ڹ̺ˣ˵ǹЩĺӽӵ
˱ܵһߣýʤС
ʤʱеˤˣеС͵ȥˤ÷顣
æｯʤʰ
ʤû׹ӽΣ
СһֱҶʲô
ʤͷ˵ˡ
ҧ˵˵СˡΪҪڹУ
԰Թض⣬ϦԣȻһǽʤȰ棬ͳð԰˯ʱˡ
ʤĬ˺һֱ˰Ƭʩл˴ʱû˵
Ҳû˵ûʲô͵ġ԰ʤҲŵùˡʤ˵԰ʱҪţΪã˾̰԰ա
ӵ԰ӹţȷŹ֣ȷ˼Ȼߵгôϰ֣ѧ˵֣أ
˿ڹǰˣûֻܼöԹ˰һһʮ˵
СͯרעİĻ˵Եȣҽȥʵ֪˵Ҫء
˿¹
СͯһҡһڵܽȥˣԼ˽ӣСͯŻﱧһľУݸ˿˵˵֪ˣ̫ͲˣشȥǹӶ͸ԵĵģɺóˡСͯ˿ڿˮɼǳԹġ
˿֪ǰڹˣֻٹһͻᱻϡ
˿Ҳֻܵɲ֪Թ󣬵δͶˣûصڸ˼ϢСݣȥ˱ȥһˡ
ʳ˽ѾǸԹˡ
˿ľУǲϵĻƽǹζźųˡ
ƽðưһԲԲ֣óһҧһڣ΢΢ճĿڸУȻŨŨĺ춹㡣
ƽûĥģǳ࣬ĺ춹ͺ³һ£ġ
󣬳ԵĸζȻͬˣÿĸ֥ڵģζģҲܺóԡ
꣬ŷһӵ˶ˮ۾ֱֱеľС
˿װȻĺȶڣͣãЦˡ
ʱѾҹǴŵͶ˿ش
ڵһŵϵζ˵ǻƽɣ
˿ͷŶ˵ղŻûԱһ·ϣȻЩˡ
˵ûԷȥ˿ҪҪԣ
˿æҪģղ˵ѣʵֻƽֻ뱥
ЦˣϿըƣݶ˿ȥԡ
˿˵һС£ڰ֣˵
˿Σաˡ
ЩǰҲȤ
֣Ĵô
Ǵȥ顣˾Ϳˡ
֣θѾιùˣҲµˡ
죬ĺˮ峺Ҳļ
ڽеĶǧʯ󴬣¥ɣһȥֱһɽ
ĽϷ粻Ҳƣдĺ˳ܸϵˮˡ
ȴ
֣Ҵ󴬶Ǹչͱڽߣȫ˴ȻѲ飬˭档
ϻ֣ĸԱǴĳ檡澶⣬ôŭʧɫҲʧɫ
³ѾǵĻ ˣǰر˵̲飬³ԱҲȫɫͻȻʵǽǲ֪Ǻá
㡢Ͳŭ𣿡һԱ
һ˸ϽŭضĲǣҵȣ
һвǲ֪أЩʳǹ󽫾Ҫģ£ѵȻ󽫾𣿡
ɲ˵ʲôǵСš
ȵҴѲϣȻӴ׵ĴҳһģЩУҲ֮ˡ
С߲³ȳӿ䡣
ЩԱЩãȻ
ӿ䣿
֣ǲѵ³˸ǵ
Ǳ͵Сϣ˴˰֣ʻȥʱ˲ףʳˣǱϻ֣ˡ
̫
۴۵úܿġڹȥʮ³ͣǰ֣ȻƣΪ֣һ£֣촬ļǽúܿģĴ˱Ҳܺð
Ȼ֣棬ʱӦҲ㶥񼶣³û˻ᡣ
ù͹סСô췢֣߽֣ǧʯȫߣմˮغʵǳ
ͨʱܹѲǧ֮ģֻܿ
Ϊ˱֣߲³ֳ֮ƣѾ֣³߾ĳˣһ٣ר˾
һֻ˶Ļèϣ˦Ŵִβ̵ͣķһɳƵУΪ˵ϲл
վڲԶȥֻèץɶǣֻèսԸĳ٣涼˵è
󿴿ߵ˺ˣҿұߵҲˡ
ȥץè
վһԶ˿˵Ȼˣȥɡ
˿
µλ䶼޻˵ȴԺЩ˿Ѿ̱һһ˯ķèֻóؼҡ
˰ꡭ
䱦
䡣
ϲôܲأ
һߣһֻСèצӣǹҰèµ̣ڹѾнֻèˣлͺ꣬ϻһֻڵģϧèˣȥˡ
úԶ֣èˣôҲè
䣺צô⣬ô£
ֲץˡ
һֻץֱۣȫǳѪӣ
Сץֲء˵
˵˵ܣè
䣺ѾˣҲ֣š涼֪ڸʮֻèץ󡣡ֲȥס
ֻСè㱧
ߣȥˡδ䣬Ѿˡ


420 ӹ
յȵ춼Ҳû˳ȹǰ, Լˡصк, ˣѯˣˣ
˵ֳǺû, Ҳ˼Ȼ԰ռΪƳ, εİվͿԿ, ֻЩǵİˡָʾ˰Լϵڳʱּ, ʱųɽǰͶ
һ˵Ľһ㣬Ҳпǡ
, ˴Сڿԡ
ͷʧеãһ·ȥֵĸɿ
ǵϵѾǰô, ǰͶһ飬ֻҪ֮ͻᱻϵڴǰͷȴҪؿԲϵ
ĶҲ, ³ѧ, Ҫ˵һ˵ڶġ
Ҫҳ޸ġ
Ϊĳ̫ѿҶνġԡǲмһˣȻȥμӡĶȴǡ롱μӵģٿһУǰ֡ϰϡ·ÿ, ͣǰиָϣø񳪴ϷΪѡš
ôϷƶӻӻԾúܡǸҲͬͷֻץסÿһᣬ´԰úܶϷܲȲʫ飬Ҳ壬ʦмҴ
Ҳ˸̾ѡ˲ֻƾǼ߰ġ˵Ľ֡νġѧӼˣѡ˲ŻСιֻС
˾ڸ˵Ľ֡࣬ǲ˰ִ߽СʱǴһȿֺȥš
û԰֮ǣǰɾþµˣһͲʺϴżסˡһסԺȶԴɨ¾һӳ˴鷳˶ϴ£񣬵һεЩӺʹ齺󣬻Ǽװһˣܼҡ
ΪֻһˣƽʱҲҪ˰æɻڴоͷֳһȥţ˽󣬷Ǽгǵģ˶һ
ͰѴõڣϲˮ
ʣӣүءƽʱʲôѴ𣿡
ЦϿ챻õֽ˵Ҵδ龹ôһ£
Դӿɺ󣬾ͲԶΪ࣬ʦޡһöԴۡ
ֶֹҲһ޶͵͵Թϲ飬ͽúö϶ڳ³Ϊȫµˣû
ǰ˵ǲ˵һֵĻ
֮ǰֶӲ̣ܽһֱֶӾǶ㿪Ļ
Ҳкܶ಻ƽʱСǰ¶Լ׵ˣ͸ֱˡ
û˵Ҫôʡ
˵ѵӾȻˣ
䣬ȥʲôʱܵǵ֪ˡ
ھͱ³ָΪסˡ
ν³ֹ֣֣дʣ⣬ЩִȫϹģ˵Ұ֮дǵ֣µѡΪ֣Ҳ̫ˣ
֮³ֻüִظĵģЩֶϹ͸˼ʹõģÿһֶϹʶô˲أ
һοʱͷΣ벻ִͨ治ðô³Ĺ䶼أ
˽͵ʱҲû˵һʼЩֳֻǳãֵȫСӣԲûȥܡ
ǲ⣺СãҲð͸һʼЩָˣˣ
Цӣڽֱ߿һؤø֦ڵһӳܳȥؤ֦𣿡
ˡ
˵㲻ᣬΪע·ߵؤڵдֻһֳǵҲôСѧʲôأһ£ȷʱ³ֱԴţȻЩˡ
ǡΪβȰ
˵Ϊû³֡һжǴ˵ڻûһƪڴߵд£õȫǼ֡Ͷ³ִŻῴҲǴԣЩƶ֮ӣΪ׻ô۲Ƴ³֡
Ȼأ
˵Ȼƺͽˡ
ߺֶӻǰĬ֣³ǲ̫ϰ֮⣬µֽ빺ëʵõú˳
ֶӼڷ˼ȥ
ҹֶӸ˻ȥ˯ȴֽĥȵֶǰʰͿϺ¶˯ȴһƪдõ¡
İõ⿴˶һȡ
⡭һƪǿܲҪĿ佱¡
ǿ֪ж³֣ƪȴ³һǰ޹ˣߵĴ٣ƴֻһͿʷ
־ŭϴȥʣҪ˵
˵ɣɾǡһ֮ǰѾϰٲһӦûǧָ£ôѴ֮İˡĿ޳ȴˣпˣǱǶϰٱǧˣ
ֶӲȻŭסˡ
һֻ³ڰ˵ǲҪ롣ɣˡǧ֮³֣һ֮İȴõ˳֣һûˣ³־ͻΪ³ȥˡ
ֶӲţ˵ˡûǣǵֲͳ۳дǧؽɽļַֺֻײ£ٴһЩȻͻ֪ˣʱҲͻĹˡ
ˣҲѾù³֡˵պֻ֡»ᱻ˽ɡ
ֶЦ˵ˣвжʶֵ˰
һָϵĶǡǶʶ֣һʼʶľ³֡
ֶ˵ˣͻȻѹͷ
ҲףѧǴġӦΪ˸е
ߵϣǵϲſڵġ˵Ľ֡ǰǼˣϵĵƣС̯ϹҵĻӣͳͳ³֡
ǰѧǿԵĵط
ѧ˵ǴѡĵطҲ˵ȫСӣײŰС
ڴ˵ռӢŷŽѧ
ѧʲô
ԵĵطѧĴ㳡㳡ΧмС
ԵͷѧǻһЩյġ
̫󣬴ϯضǰһŰȫֽ빴⣬Ŀ͹ȥģԴ𣬴ߡв˶ڼҴˣô𰸣дһ顣
˼򵥣ʱидѿˣȫһһŵĺīֽϣе˻ܰôֽ빸˺ƣʵǡ
պҪͬΪǾɳˡ
Ϸɼȷʵڴȡš
֪Ǹø˻Ǹʧ˴ֱȥˡ
ʮպȥѧǰΡϣ˶ڰϡ
ֶӵĸܱȽϸӡºҲѧдһƪ£жľֻ֪ˡĿһƪѡˣ־á
˵ϵˡ
¼Ҳ̫߳ˣպôأ
ʣô
˵дһƪ£ʱݸ϶Ǿ£ϡ
ΪѵĻһۡ
Ȼơ³ȷʵڱԽԽǿʵ벻ͨģˡ֡ʬλز͡³ôǿģ
ͷȥдǡ
ﲻΪԼΪ˼塣ӹţҲҪ£ҲҪΪĸ֮ˡ
ֶӳĬһ˴̫ˡֻΪڳǶǰЩˡǲҲԼˡ
˵οǲӹŻ֪̾˿µǣţȴҵϡΪУκʱ򶼲һ¡
йڣ֣һͬ÷
ȻǡޡȴûͬΪ֣СҲѰ֣Ůˡ
֣ȴѾΪԾԽ谮Ů澶ܿʹ͸ϺΡ
֣Ϊʲô
֣˵ȻҪ
Ҳǰ
֣ЩˣȻףֱЩŮв
Ǵ˭ʡ
룬˵Ұǣʣ㣬磬㣬̫ӡⲵĽ̵ּһ³Ͱա
֣˽һƣֻҪڴռһϯ֮أˡ
Ɑƺ֣棺ôϲǺͰ𣿡
ǲӶѡ
ͷ̾Ѿ˺ܾˡ֪ʲôʱŻһûҵѾԽԽأ


421 о
ܷѾ³շתһˣȴһֱûҵ̫ӡ
̳, ˡʿӡѵҵȸ, һλɹΪϵһʦүһֱժǹ̫Ӳ̳ǣһڴ˻, Ī˵Ҫˡ
ʼֺ밲ˡ
طǽ󽫾Ͻĳ, Ź, ѽ
ߵǱԵСׯĵط, ʲôҲ
ֻʣطˡ
ȥֺϣΪֺϲԶСׯ˶ģׯǱ˽, ͣˣ޲Ǹ̳һ𷢴Ĵ̣żСܵײײ, ǵҸЩ̱Ȳˣ󶼻뿪ˡ
ܷǰιΪЩ̶˲Ųò뿪ģһΣ̳øַʽǮȫ˽ȥ, ڶռһϯ֮, ϯ֮Щ̡μһε̴ᡣ
̴ҲǹİϷΪ̳Ҳ̴ͬᣬ̳ǵ˶࣬Ҳ࣬һ̴ܴ, Եһȥ
ֺϣȴֻΡ˸ûеڶλᣬֻһΣǾҪֳǵʵȥֺһΡ
СׯȻһһʮĶֺϡֿ˲ܷǣɵø̾ˡ
ָʾܶԲܷǰ̫࣬ʼֻڲܷҪκ̫ʱӸ棬ܷССĽѶĻôܻסκ̫ӻعأ
еĻӰͼȥʼպκ̫Ҳڣˡ
κ̫ӣҲǰһ͵ôһظӣͷϸϸǳ˿ġϻкܶʱµ˿ڣټϿһѩ׵ƤСһ
һͻǸõĺӣ˵һˣ̫ˣܳɹҹ𣿡
ʱѾ˵ȵ̫ˣĵȴĥÿˡ
ʼеһ£±飬ùӰͼΣ˺ȷʵǲˡˣǸҲж˰ɣǸ˼ˣֱǶͣ
˵ϻ˵˵ļĸţ˽֪ԼŮһŮһӶѳסܼκǣǵû¶֪ǲܴĺˡ
ʼܳɹҵתͷ԰˵͸ˡ
ӵͷ׼ˣ
ʼִһ£ʦ⺢ǵģô˵ϸġ
ҡͷҲŲҪģ
ʼЦձ˴κﱧʱ˵ڳϻء
һ߷ߵ˵ҲΪң
ʼɫ̵㣬ҲΪ㡣
ӴУûй̻Ұ֪˭Һã͹ùöҵģˡδң
ʼԡҪ㡣
һ¡
ʼתͷԽ˵ܴ߰ӣɱ˲ܼҵˣҪǸ˽ǰ֪ĵĶŮȺڰӻκ·ϡ
ʱòҰףסˣֲԾճȭͷֲС
ôµ¡Ϊ˰Ϊò˳Ϊĸ»صκ󣬲뵹κӣҲһܹв˵ʡ
ǲŹ¡
һֱ۲Űӵɫûηû¶ŷ
ǡǴӦٶ԰˵ôߣҪˡ
̴ٿˡÿ꿪һΣÿοԾڵˡΪֺϳԲСˣֻܹһǧʯĴˡ
Ĵˣ඼߸ֻ³ߡ
ֺϳ˽Ǯ֮⣬Ҳʱյĵֿ⣬ֺϻٿµᡣ
ܷǴĳǮūЩūūЩūӵ³ġ
ƺʲô£ܷϡ˵˸µûӵɥѶҲ֪١
ֿ֮ʼһֵɱǾū̾˳
̳Ǿӿ˴ѶūлвЯ޶Ͷ̳Ƕ
ɼδ³һס
вܷжٷЩ
Ϊū̻ϴ˷ͷΪֺ˵Ҫūūȫ
̾˵ˣҼҵūҲˣٹʮվܵˡ
Ǹݵӣͷ˫տȻֹ̬¡
ж٣ˡ
µ˷׷ױԼǧˣ
Ҽǧ
Ҳǧ࣡
Цơ
Ƕʱ
Ϊ˵Ȼˣ¸¾ͼӿһɡ
ܷеǮūİʯľκһǧʯĴΡ
ѽֺϣȥγѡΡ
ֺϹһʮγССֲֺϡ
ιūжپͲ֪ˡܷǳ˳һ·洦ɼιūȺӶС
ūūˣĲ֪ʲôطˣǳ¶壬û·
ιֺϱصİա
ūιγķֹûʲôֻͬιɻǮõģūֻһ͡
ȥһֱ֮⣬ûбˡ
γؿأĴׯҲûʲôͬ
ܷ롣
ΪɢļѼ죡Ǿôţһŵվˡ
Χˣιū⼦͵ӶҲû¶֮ɫ
ܷǲݲѡγξʹγȻͱֺڳǡ
̳һֺҲǡֺϵڳǱ̳ǵڳǸءֻн󽫾˲ֺܽϱ˶ֻǾס
ͬеһЦԶٺõˡ
һ˵Ƕʳ
ըƣ
йͷӣ
һЦÿ󷽷˽ȥ
üΪ󣬽žһǰǰͥͰһֻ޶˵Ǵ󽫾;нʿġ
ѾƮζˡ
ڵҵط£СͯƲһţһ߿˰Ѷʳʢ͵ÿǰ
ܷǰһž޴ӣ˫ֺĹͷˣܵģһҶӣҪҪȰϣѲҶӰ˾ͿԳˡ
ܷǼ˶ˣҲףֻٷҲûȥԡ
ԵˣǸ˳Եؿȫ˻һơǲһ÷ģҲڣ
˳Ե촦̾дûԵôóԵˣÿ˳ɵʱ䶼·ţʣҲҪֳһȥͨϵʣһܺúõ˯Ը
ʹǧᣬȴܡ
ƹѲȻˡ
ܷһٱӭ߽ȴһ
ʼǣŰӳָСࡣ࣬λ塣
һҾСӰ࣬ʺá
˷׷׵ҵҵ
Сֳˣ
ܷæߵһˣ֮ӣ
˵ǰҲǿġٺЦ⻰е㲻Ҫˣʶ˼ң˼δʶ
ܷתͷһˣСӿŵ󡣡
һ˵Ǵ˵ӣСﳤġǰҵȻ̸һ룬Сӽ˵ˣ˴ȥ·ء
ܷǼ˵ٴοߵСкʮֶ¡
ֻǴŶӳãȻˡ
²ܷǲͣĻ䣬ҪǸкƵġ
κֱһģһ


422 ļ
ֻܷμһᣬʱͱ뿪ˡʱ䲢ࡣ
ܷǿûкȾ, ˶黶, ƣȻŮŮһ֡
һ˶˽ȥ
ܷȴһﵽȥ, ˵ĹӾסںլԺС
Ҳ¡
̳ǵ, Ҳժǹ߼õ̴ӡ
ôһ˵, ܷҲȷʵе죬ֻǡȥ, ˿ͱࡣ
ֺ֮˷־ȻǸˡȻ͸ˡϾǹϵ, ˵ȻǺܿݺѺˡ
ȷʵǴСһģСӸʱǸڳ̵Сأе˻˵ֺ, ˵ʱֺҪԼ˻٣˼ҶԸԼҵ﹩ѡ
֮СӽһֱִŸʶ, ̵, СͨɣʫùҲòҹֽСҲܿѧʹñī, ǰƤʱõǽͿһץסƨء
ܷòסͷƺҲ̫ӵƤģ
ڿժǹ̵̫֮ӣʮ־ġ빫ԼȻ٣ȻŴˣ̫ܰڴС
һҪ̫ߵġ
ô̫ӡ
ܷͨõСţ˰ٰʮֶһһƷ
ڳǣ̳һЩһ·˳˵˻档ڳ֮УǾɱţ
ûظǽڰ̫Ӵߣֺ⻹رأһ̫ʧٵϢЩʿһΧǣѲɱ׷
ôӵõء
ܷڷͻȻһڴеСӰĴС̽ͷ
һ;Ʋ˵СͯģͷֵȺм߹ֱȥˡ
ܷǶ˵¾Ʊĸϡ
ӵͷǰ棬һ
·ڶߡ
˿㣬ضҪ˽¼㣬ȻҪ취ӳȥܿġ
ԣȥ취и㣬Լܳȥȵ棬ٸ׷㣬֪˵κ¡
ųȥͳ˹һˡҲߣеĻҲߣǮ޽
Ҫ˶ܻȥ
õʧ
Ĩ˰ᣬֻȵĴַ·ͷķ
ʵѾûˡҲûˡ
ֻһκˣܷǡ
Ӳֹһεικˣ³ˡʲôκ̫ӣǵĶӡͿһֱֺϣպֺٰϴҪȥֳǣһȥ
Ըһ֮ӣҲԸκ̫ӡ
ƫƫκ̫ӡ
κ˵̫Զˡͺԩĸ󣬻ȴ֪ǲǵĸһĴ󳼹䣬㣬мǵκ̫ӣмϲԸ
ܷǣ
Բܷǵĸоӡ
һʼǲܷǾӴľȻ³͵Уѻ
ΪܷǻκΨһŵˡ
ܷڵĲκ
κѾµĶӣַ̫ġȻʱΪѾˡ̫ʵʵġ
̫ӵκΡ
ȻκôͷһŽѪͳ̫ӡ
ʱκκٰܻ谮Ϊ̫ӡ
̫ӷ˾Ƿˡƫƫţܷ֪£Ͳ⡣
ʱκ԰˵ΣձȻ
㵽κԺһҪ취²ܷǡ뿪κܷǲܴˣ볯ȻġҧܷǾĶˣúֶΣѶʱ䣬һҪѲܷڳСڳУֻܵˡ
ΪӵĵܵǻѲܷǵжǲŲܷǲǰӵˡ
ĴٳɲȷܷǾʹӴʵվˡ
԰˵ûеڶ·ߡ̫ӣҪԶ̫ӣԺλΪκ̫Ӱ;ġ
ֻֿܣһдڶˣٳе̫֮λ
ǰߣҪôɱҪôΪ񣻺ߣϡ
԰һҪκΪˣҪþֶΣ伫
ֶΣζܣ˵룬˺κǼܵܣߣκˡ
ʱ򣬲ܷǾδվˡܻȰ룬ܻ淢Ҳֲܻܡ
ɶ԰˵ܷǿʧȥȴʧȥܷǡ
һԸܷǲκͿ³
ܷܷһҪκ̳̫ӣҲܷŹܷˡ
ܷǸǰǸССӰ֮󣬿ʮƹеĸڣܿеѲߣɹڳǣǵĳ͵һƥˡ
ܷæҲǣһƥȥ
С̫Ӻó͵
ܷǵûɡС̫͵к޷ʱڳ֮ӣȻϼӽ̵ƽʱ϶Ҳ࣬ϲ㡣
С̫ڳһ֮£֮ϣ͵£
ܷԼСʱ͵أԼҵǽ֪ˡ
ΪС̫ȥǰͣСׯȥ֪С̫һ·ϣһֱܵҲûͣ
ĳֲ˵ͼܷûнסС̫ӣһֱβ档С̫ûһͣġ
ȻС̫ӾͲˣǷŻŲһЪϢһƺѰʲô
С̫ӿһ߳С·ͱȥʱܷҲȥС̫ӵ·ֳȥġ
ȥˣ
ܷǸС̫˼죬С̫ӴҵʳˮԼȵȣȻоա
ȻܷǸںҲС̫ӽһ֮ͽ
ȲܷԾֺϵ˲̫׷ǰĴׯԶúܣС̫֮ܲǰˡ
Ұ֮ϣˡڵϢͻȻԶƽһ𣬸žͿܷӰ
ȥȡ¹ܷȥ
ܷǲС̫ӾȻ˹ϱܹһ󣬷ֱС̫Ӷȥ
ӴܵĻᣬĲܷ˵ڵء
̾ҪγһߺǺˣôĹ
ܷʵûϵǸС̫ӽ̵ɱڣժǹ磬־ò⡣
סӵ֣ѵγһⲻСĳֺҼСһ棬ôСӻһ
Сֻ̫һ˵Ҳһˣ븸׺һţֳһҼ̾ͻҹġСˣĴ⣬ȥΪãҿԷһ·
ܷǲɵ÷ЦҲΪļǸˣκ˲ܷǣʱ͸ˡ
ȻͿС̫ɫ䣬һ˫۾ƻĵɵһ
ӡ׶
ӳĬΣʣβãж⣬ܷһϲ㸸㰢࣬ôԳưӣ
˵СҸͶҲýС֪ˣΪСʱһѣ·һ˸ҸƽСʾˡҸŻỽҰࡣ
ܷʣôʱֿ˵ˣ
ӣ˵ҲҸʱͿ˵ˡ
ܷǳƬ̣ſӣ˶ʵĪǣ֪
ҡͷ֪Ҽǵãҵҵסҵתܷǣô˵ѵ֪ҵҸĸڣδпֵܽãô⣿
ܷҡͷڲܸ㣬֪͸߰ɡ
Ϊô˵ӱضߡϣӾȻҡͷ˵бԵʡҴ󵨲²⣬ֻ֮飬ҵĵ裬²һؼҡȻ˶Բԣ
ܷȻȻ˵κȷʵûзѰҰӣ̫ûдһֱ϶
ĸţ㸸һֱİĶӡ
⻰Ҳ˵ѡκϾ˰Ϊ̫ӡ
ֻܷ뾡˵κֻҪȥˣӳΪ̫ӣԹλҲˡ
ǲԸܷǲǿֻøκ̫ӵ˵
Ҳ֪ȥֳǣһ³򣬶Ϊ³ϵĴ󳼡СѾһ˲ĳɾˡ
ΪԸŴʹСкһңҪĹ͡
ܷǴЦκ̫ӣԺһС³ϹԸȣĸΰһ֪
һ̫֮λջӣȻˡ
ЩԥܷǰٰȰ˵¶ġ
˵Ҫȥܷ˵ӣ˵ģҶţҪʵõ⡣
ܷ˵̫ӣô֧ʹҪԼ⡣
ӣڲ֪ô죡
ܷǹǰûκȥ̫ӣ
ҲңҲҪ̫ӣȥ
ܷǰץסһݣ԰С̫ӸȥˣֻҪκ͸ˣ
ſſңӿ޺ţš
Ȼһжļƻܷǰ֮ǰĿᶼ£ӲҪκʱ֪˲һذˡ
Ҫ뿪³ˣҪ뿪ˣ
ðӿ޵øӲʹ
Ȼţ뿪ˡ


423 ϲϼӡϲ
ȥʼáһֱƻ轵, Ƕŵƽ, ʼƹ⾪һ£ŻȻ˰Ѱȥˡ
һֱ˸Ű, ܷȻΪ˾, , ԱȲϾг̽Ϊ˲òܷǷ, ַ̽٣ֱܷǴŰ뿪³κһ, Ͳٸˣ³ۣκԺ, ³ؾͲˡ
Ϊ룬պǲӦѵһЩ̳̽ǵ˶࣬á
¼£ȻصֳǺоϡ
, ҪȰοʼ, ٵˣֻҪƽպǻ֮ա
ʼЦҡͷպҲ֮ˡ
꾭, ̺ŻѪϧѾˡڼʱΪܾȢޣһ檣Ҳ֪ûиһŮ̴ϵʱԼҹͣ£뵽󣬾Ȼ֪ǸΪûкúó谮ǲ֪ĶŮѹǸûȢޣŲۿ޶ɥ
һΡ࣬Ϊ£ʶַ֣·һֱۿصκȥǲ֪˶ٸκ
ʼս۾
û˵ĬĬš
ҡʼѵſ졣
û˵ȥ˵˵ʼһκͺúõߡȻȥˣͲҪ³ˡ
ʼȻŤס죬Լ˵ʲôʰĻ
ͣһ˵˽뽪꣬ҵ˴̫뿪ıǲǣҲԸǺʹ󽫾ۣԲ߷ֱߣ;ۻֳǣֻа񡢰밢ΪʮȥصֳǣҲһˣҲ֪ҵҲһǰ¡˿֪ʲô𣿡
ʼû˵
ǱҲҪʼĻش𣬡ڴߣȻܾһİ̴ͬİȴѾ˴ⲻϦԣôûи飿Ҳûֹǡ밢ھ̫ߣǶ˹ɡ˵ҵȵĸδ䣬Ķˡ
ʼҲֻǴ˶Թĸ˶ѡɰֻиȴκ̫ӡ
ʼղżҪڵԴ侲³ˡ
ǹ۲ʼɫȷʱ˵Ǽ٣ߣֻܼ뿪ղڣ糿֮󣬾ͻ˵밢˲ɾʳҹüˡ
վҸˣЪϢɡ
ǵķڸԺӣһҹû˯һֱʼǱߵĶֱ˽ȥˮǰʼķš
ʼһȻ㲣ɫȴôʹˡ
˵˽Ϣɡ
ʼҡͷһˣʣµ˻ûߣλûߣҲϢ
ǴʱǷģһҾԭҵʧ֮
ʼ֣ʧ񣬻ҪлǵҡԽЦЦ
ӽһͷˡͽǴŵǶ˵ͷġΪͷѣ㣬ʼʹ̶־ģֺ̫ãѾʧȥ˶־ڽǣʼΪһسԶԶʤᡵĽǣóǸ˲ţȴˡϣиȥڡ
ҡͷشˣϣԶȥҼ֪£ȻҪΪ´ˡ´ΪΪ³˲ſҲν
ʼ³ˣ㵽κҵκ̫ӣκ̫ӻպأѵοԶ䣿κ̫ӳʼû˿ɣû˿٣
˭˵á
ʼЦҡͷҹ˹ͷβһֱǷǳǡЩ׷湫뿪˺͹ŮڷģڹߵȫóԸˡǻ۱֮еķʱκ̫뿪ʱҲеĻ䣬ٻͷǺεӢʱ̳ǣ߸ֳǣ빫֮ꡢֻ»ȫΪѪ
һա
ˣˡ
Сӣ˿šָţȡ֣ȵ˲ͨյԼǺεȵ
ǼʼѾˣҪҪֳǼ
κ̫ӼȻعǴҲȥˡ
ʼȻ̧ͷ¶Ц⣬֪һֱǶֻͽˣÿһζҪķӦĽܸһô
룬ľһκô
ܻߣǻ𡭡
ǲʼе⣬һЦ˲Ҫ̫߿ˡǣǾұŹԴ˲ġֻᾡĸ˵ġ
ʼа̾ѾȥˣǲҪϸˡ
ֵǰ˵Ǽʱأ
˵ȻҪеĹʱܰˡ
ֺеǾʼϼǲġź֮˻ֹյ̳ȥһˣΪ̽£ʼΪ¿Ϊ˾͹յ̳ԼĪԺĪԾͿʼ£Щ̳ǵˣѡкʵĽаš
ȻȣҪǶ³飬ȻˣȴҪ³ˡ
Щ˵Ȼ³ĵطǴɢǨ
ǾʹһˣԼһǧࡣ˶ˣеþˣһֱѮŻصֳǡ
ֳѾĩԾȵ
һһ£ʱϻ̫ξհѵƤʪͣˣɹһӣƤͱˡ̳ˮ˵ϡͷϣܵ
ʼͽǶճںţ
ֳֺǣУ·ϵҲˡ
·ߵĶˣ³ࡣ³һðˣǰռҴǶͷҲѧһһڵģ̵ˡеľڸĴܣѳĺö˵ĴʮһߣȻ࣬ܵڳǮǱֵءѧҪ򵥡
ʼͽǵһ·ϼׯȥҪҪˮ߾רʳˮĲӣ·ߵˡЪŵġ˵һҪڵʳܻ̾شȥǮҲˣٵ㣬Ƚ򷽱ˡ
ǾײƵġƣ˵жо취ģ˵ʱ͵ųˡ
˼ڴģǣ¿Соͽпһ
С˾ͱŸС͹ˣֻܳﻹõ裬ȥҩģձųԲźóԣ
Сʹ˱ǶһĳСǲϲæȻŲãûµģԣûӣ
ʼסԻô죿С˶ˣõģˣǮ㣬߰ɡ
С˾ϱģǼأԣҶӳԣûӡҪǲԣҾͲˡ
˵ҳˡ
Юǻɫģˮϸÿһ϶źһ
ʼֺϵ洦ɼĵˣֺ˶ôԣǵļѼµͻﱻ̵ģеҲһɻ˵ζҲû¡˵󽫾ֺϳˣúóԣֳһζƫƫûС֪󣬾˰ֺϵ͹ȥùĴҲѧǰѵڼεȻֳǵһʳ˹ӵʰġ
ʼҲҲԡ
˸һɵҧձƳԣ꣬ⵣĵС˵úܺãҪһͣҪȥϱӡ
С˺ܾûˣȥҲ׬Ǯˣ
Цģǲ
Сˣȥ
ǣȥֳ
С˾ȣֳǵˡҲ
˷ӣӹ
ǻصֳǣǸһϲһš
Ŷܸˣ˵зӣͽ͵ȥʼ˵Ȼ˾ȥѧǱѡȥٰɡ
ʼԼͶһ£žͱʵˡ
Ҫȥ˸׸Ҵ㲻ڵʱһСĶӸˣȥɡ
ǣʲôժӣ
ɫҲܲء
ֱǿ˾ǣץסͿʼ߿ࣺǣ±ƭˣ
ŵһϢڱǶԵýζ
ʲô۽ߵèèŶſߣǸСڵ١
ڸʲôʡ
ͷſ˲èĨһͷ
һǵ죬Եģõƣ
ԡЦкһԡ
˵ﻹ֣
Ц˵ģǻˣаȥʰˡֲʲô¡
ڸǿߣ߿ޱίί
Ҳˡ
Ϊ֣СƽʱҪҹйŮ
ȻϵЩУмӵܸҲܺãżȻ׷׳ԼҵŮͷںڣöȵȡ
޹ˣҪ澸һԡ
ϷҲ˴ŵģǽˡһҵĹֻһֻý
أɰҪýƻ⣬½˵֮òյġ
ǰаʱɣͻȻһԽ˵ǼȥˡҲΪ˵Ǵ֮ܶԴǼƴ
澷ųף澣ǸӵáԴ㲻ȢҾˡ
ǰһըĻûӦŮַų˵ڶףˡ


424  
¶ܿЦԾͽԼ, ʲôν
Ϊ, ͬ齪
ΪһˢBOSS, һĵ, һͷ׵, ֮֮µ˶ϹϷֺô
ͬʱ, ֱȻ裬Ҫ᲻ɴݣǴݡ
û˻ýƭԺԿ, ί
Էŭ̫С, 뾫׼İȡʱ˭ܿƢأ
ڽ˯Ů˯ӣŮݻͬѾֳǴˡⱾҲ˼ҵֶ֮һִýš
֮Բ, ΪһֳɵĽѧ, ýѧԼˡԼ¶Ǿ̫ˡѾѽ˴λӣͲһֻ֪˯ɵӣһ£ǲı˴ɵһ¡
, ˵ڵǷҪǸõŮ͸Ӹץһ٣ֿ֮ʼίԽ˵·ҪȢǸ˲ˣôƻȢ󣬹ﻹкӹ
ȻӦԾǱŲýʵ֡
ʹľܾ
Ȼ󽪵ͺˣԽʿޡΪǣڽҵˣ
ʲòû˵ǼС£ôô
ⲽ̵úܺãھͿʼûصĺӻ᲻ɽһζûаԺҲʼ˼ʲôҰġ
ڹⲽ̵̫ãĶѺսĶɱ⣬ٽ³ɽ
Ȼͼ̻̲ա
ʵһܼ򵥵Ľ취ɱˡ
ֻɱǸŮˣǸ嶼һɱ⣬Ǽ򵥡١Ч󻼵Ľ취֮Ч
֣һʼͰѡɱˡѡˡ
ʽ䣺ɱ𣿡
̧ͷ˿ŶԷκҴȥɡ
ǽȱʧ
̾˿ҲӺ꣬ȴɱͶ￪ʼɡ
ⲢζŸɱϻ˾͸ɱˡɾ뵽ˣô죿ڿʼŽȥ̳
ֻʵ䷴
ֻһˡ
ǻˣˣʶ˿˵ҹ۴ƺв֮⡣
ǵŮӣ
ʵŮȷʵòˣ£ֻҪ˵УǸŮҲдӽˡȽ˹ºӣŮպδػ
ŮӣȴʵʵڵĽ
ʵֻϧãŮ˵Ӿͺˡ
Цÿϧ˱ϧ
һЦ
ʷ̽꣬ΪЩȴˡǿвᣬڽǻǰɱ˴Ůˡ
˵˸ڹУûߡ
ǣʲôǴȻ򣬽ΪŮ˵ʱߣѾ˻ȥˣȴѴŮס
ҲΪǼ˼ŮڹУȴһֱûжֻ˵ŭǼȴûܵ𣬲ǹ򡢻ǽ󽫾ûΪ³˰˳ɣֻһţֳɢԣߴٴ¶ģӭȢŮ
ʣҪǺãʱǾŮ˷ڹδö˼ңǾɲˡһһҰŮ˲ʮº䣬ұźӽ͸ʰˡ
ֻ·һ֮λɡ
ǵûĥɣ
ҡͷùŮչˣǰչĹҲ͹ȥʮ
ǣ
ʣں档
ǳ˼Ƭ̣תȥˡ
˵¾ûˣ˯ءǲĽɴ˯˯ڣѣ׼ԺȵĶԱ㣬ãص˵ҰǸˡ
һ𣿡
˵ǴģһҩΪûȥ
Աţż׽βΪʲôҪôŮأôܺĴ
ǰ£Ž
˵꣬ͼʼ
ϲСǵģֹһϲּϲȻһٵ齻ŮϷһǱģʱֻʶһ±˼ŮʲôһʼֻǺѡ
С˶ʱͷ̧˶ʱȴܰ˵Сֿ죬СڽСһͺˣ۾ᷢ
ֹ巢ȣؿڶᷢȣ͡
һʱܾʱúܿ죬һգۣͺˣ͸ˡ
ûʱŴ⣬Ͼһˣɵһʱữ̫¡
ǰؿڷȵףһպ󣬾ͻѪڣĿŮ־塣
СǵĻصڶߣѾ벻ʱʲôˡıǲǻôɬ۾ᷢڷ
ˡ
һյСǣһĽ㡣
·ں棬һţǳһţ֪ԼЩʲôҲ֪Լ˵ʲô
ںӴĺ󹬵ȺеһڣʮŮڵһŵǸŮˡ
ǲ˵ҲᷢСζû취˯š
Щ˻˯ź
ֲ뿪ЩˡΪҲĴﲻԶͻȻɱ
С⼸ҹôģ۾ֱ̲ס˯ȥȻͻȻѣ
֪ʲôʱ˵ÿˣ
ǰġ
һŮ˲һĽԼˡദԽԽȷ
Ȼôῴô᲻˵ʲôרעţ
ġ
ʱͻȻһŮ߽Ϊ׵Ĺ˵ʲôЩŮͶվȥˡ
Сڴš
һ̴߽ӣǴСǻûü£ڶ˽ˣǴ
Сϣǰ˸סˡ
ǵ˺󣬲Ҫð
СǿĿŴСҹҹܼС𣿡
ǿſڶˣɼȷʵ罪˵ϵŮ
п۵Ŀһ۽ĴһΰһˣȻֽ
ЩǰߣĿбӡ
ǾְסСǣȽ󣬲뽪ʮԶλá
СǵʶˣҲ֮ǰڴϥ£ǰŮ֮ŮݲͬΪֹҪעˡ
ֻܲͣĿ
ϧūūūūлдĹⰡ
ǿŮˣҲҪˡ
ֽץסϥ·˫ĶŮˣʢẬۿҵڷȴʹ
ǵͷٿתŮˡ
г޿֡Ȼڿޣȴ־壬ƶĺӣŸĸ塣
ֶֻΡ
Сǿ޽е
ſ죺ؼȥɡ
С𾪵ſ۾ӽ󣬵һרעȥʲô˼
㲻ϯ𸵵Ů¾Ͳˡ
ϯ֮ŮȻҰСǼС
ѾԽ˵Խ˳ˣҡͷ²ϯ֮Ůȴϯ֮澡
СˣãȻ޴ŽʶĸԼĶӣǴѾĺӰŮ֮ӾͲܳƹӡ
ǰĴڲϤİᡣ
еܣ̫ӡĿһηĶϣСֻֻסӣ㸹顣ƽ˵ΪУΪūΪŮòᣬΪ
СУȻһʱס
˵꣬Ҫߣȥȴ֪ʱĹŮűסŴ뿪
СǼУѵ㲻𣿴
˳Ҫӿ
վססڣСˤ
գеᣬ̾һԽ˵˰ɣ
ǲ˵
Լ˵ϲŮϯŮºӣŮк͵ͯԺ󳤴ǸͯŮӣϣպ㡣
˵Ϊū᲻᲻̫ã
ҡͷͺáΪ˹£ðڹ֪Ǵȴû֪̫ӡһӣֻһ̾Ҫˡ
ǣ㡣
ʧЦȻ氮ͲӰһڵпˡ
յ³ǽѾѪ
ȥƻѪ


425 
İŮһ·ϷİŮ뿪, ĻŮ߽
Сû, ļ嶼еĺӸġ
Ĭ˰СǨҹĹŮмȥ, , ֻһֽССǡ
ŮǶչС, ΪСǲǵһдŮˣе˺, еû£֪ͻΪѪʧˡ
͹ǺʴȵģЩûºӵĹŮϢܳʱ, ÿ춼ɴΪ塣
ºӵĹŮСһףΪˡǹ, Ǵķˡ
ŮǱ˴֮䲢༵ʣϲȥҴһȥĻͲẦˡ
Сʱܲãҹ͵͵, Ǵٰ
ŮǾͰο, ºԺٻȥˣõġ
СҡͷɡǺҵġ
Ů˵ŮһΪǶǰռҳģеͽġ
ΪʲôɹŮ
ĸĸ𣿡
Сһ, ͷ޾Ŀ־뱯
ԸڹУΪڼ֪˭
ŮĿߺ󣬶ȰúõİѺ֮ȥ
ǺġֻҪ㵽ʱĵպú÷̴ˡŮǵ
СʹŮǣµĺӶ
Ů˵Ǳߵһء
СǣƽʱܼԼĺ֪𣿡
мºӵĹŮĵĻشһ깬߹ЩŮˣСǺúϢɣǲҪٸ˵ˡ
֮СǾҲЩŮˡ
ˣǺȴԶˡ
鶼󣬼˽С֮µǰºӺ󣬲Ůĸϡ
ͷôôɡ
ǰϻеӤʣɫлһǰһ֪ĺ֮ɫ̶һڣݵϵıҲˡ
ĽҲеۣùⲶż٣ÿĹοͣһͣѧҪٵȻѾˡ
֮ϵĵõ˳ļڣÿ춼ȥô߾ôߡ
鳡ʧĽҲǻʹ඼йϣǰÿ³Ǵܱȥֻѽűߵ߽ŶѣмȻгͻڴϣ˭ȭͷľǳԼÿһδñȽϾʼҵ󣬽ǹƨɵ
ڣȴԸ˳Ľɫ
ˣ³̽ܡ
Ҳûʲôͬ
Ǵ˶Ĵ㣬ơһͽ̽ôԼƣһϳȲסԷǿԱ
ŵͷ
䣺סԷƳ¶ԷٱסڵϾˡ
š
ʾýֲվȣԽ֣ϣĿȷֱ·հϽץסҸץ

һЦ󣬽Ѿɹͻư˦ڵˡ
ع¾ԲЦ
ڶιֲվȣ֣ȥˡ

ڶЦÿ֮󣬽ˣνڿЦ֮ȻסһȣɹߣһֻЬЬڳУϹЦᣬӢһʮֽ
԰ֻЬߵˣ̴һһЬȡѥӶߣǸϲš

վùֲ֣
ƿЦʮκ󣬽ˣɵڵأûһ˿ó죡
Ĵ߹ʮΣϵ·Ҳ߰˰ˣɴѹˣһֻˮͰֻ룬ºԼʹˮٽнȡ
Ӳǰˮȳ˾ƵļƣһԵĴ磬ȥ硭ޡ䣺ûˡ
Ͷڽ䱳ʹһʼҳ޵󣬴
ԶԶĶ㿪ˡ
꣬žࡣ
һĨСΪʲôЩŮأֻҪ³谮ǣʳƷǾˡСΪʲôôࣿǣڣȻСǣһһֻҪһܡ
Сֻһ𣬾ЩڵжʱһΧûбˣֻ֮ʣһС齣ˣ壬޽ΣֻҪһ𣬸˴ˣҪ˵;ˡ
Сǲ㣬ҪøࡣҪ̫ˣ֪СҪĵˣǡ
СʵͷβҪȥСˣһദʱ⡣еԼǲֵСȥ
ûôء
һʼСǿľͲֻǡأ
һ뵽ͻ˺ںڵĶԼͷҲˡ
ʳ󣬲ûڴ
ƻ轥ˡ
Χһˡ
Ҫˡ
㰮Ůˡ
̧֪ͷ磿
ľȻӳһ֪ղǾ仰ǲǴ˵ˡ
俴һۣ߰ɣǸûȥˡ
ȺǿǹæŶסŵ壬ǣͶ˻йȥ
ƻʱ˵ͽûȥӭӡ
˭֪˵˲Ż
䱻˻вбһԾһᣬΧ֣Եȥˡ
Ǻ˶٣üƼ¾ˣȴôֵġ
ȵģ߹ȥûŵ˾㡣¾ƺԺζţźζ˵ˡ
ܿˮ
俿ϣ۾գ֪˯˻š
ˣԼֽϴֻǲͻˮϴιȥ÷ˮúݡ
˶ãһͷﶼǣǵúúϴͷһ߲һ˵
˳ӵŤȥʮֿɰ۾ˣ˳һ£תҪ»һֽ͸оϲһֻ֡
˹ȥ
ſס󣬡ˣûꡣ
̧ͷײ˫˫۾񡭡
ֽȥ
˵ʵƷ
һڳʲô
̵Ĵ࣬ſĿǻͨʺ
ˣ
ҵģ
һ̰ʲôſһж
ֻһŮ
మˡ


426 ˶
ն̡
˯úΪۡиļһһ, һɻ, һ, ͷ, СԲԷ
ȥһ, Ĵ˵ļϣͻϸ, ָкܺã˳˵ؿһѣȻ˲ϻ, ´ȥˣѰ˯һ, ˹
šһ
Ǹֱˡ
ţһ˶ʼ
˵òá
ߵüգһҹ㾫ϴ󻹺úõڰǰ˶ٷ
ܿ͹밲ˡ
ôڣС˵
û취, 滹и˯
һ쵽ը, ۾ɨģĿбӣһ
ͷʱŷؽš
̫ȣݹ·ͷеˡ
㱨
ͽ˴, еҲ֪ôôܸɣţȰǰ󶼸סͽҲãȻȥ
Ժ˰Ҫȥ
ˣԲΪɸѲһȦ˰ǰǰ˵ȵĶס󣬾Ͳˡ
ڶ죬ˣԽӴ˵Ҫ£¡
ˣ˼׮񡣵ǷҪ¡
ʡǺҪ£
ʣδ֪ҵȡʾ㣬β湫С£ҲʡùϺķ񡣡
㲻֪ԲʲôΪתߣСҸʼΡ
ϯҵôͲǸֵġҪ˵ǵӶҲá³ĶһŮӣˣ˳ռˣûɣСԼȥ
ڣ벻ɺҾеҲ׼ԼĶλ
ϯ屻˵仰İʾһң벻ϯڰǿǿϣһ£³ɡ
Ҿͼˣ
ϯϴм꣬ʢʱзֳ֧ġϯģ׶ֳһ͹ȥҿĸʺϱߡϯұα˰죬ҳһٶǰ߶ҵϯȣ˸պǨϯʮĵط
ⲻŵ
أһ֧˵ˣ
Ȼǰˣǵ˲
˾Ϳʼڽַԣơ
ϵԸշųϯ֪ڼΡˣͥУ֮ͥ±ԣ֪ϯƽ׶һݣϯ屻Ѻ棬˵Լȣϯ΢ôᱻС裡
꣬ϯϳϵйҽ״ˡ
ɵˡ
ˡƭô޵ƭǵģ෹󣬵Ц˵һ˵Խ˵ţҡܽϲʣʵҲûʲô̫ʧ౻ָһ󵨡
ðϰһǰ´ףҵһ䵽ȵˡ
Сˡɡ޳ܡЦ
˾ͱŲˡ
ԵưͿҲһرķʽһˡ
ΪùеСǸƲϵö˿ʣڹеģҵŮҵŮ
˵Ů
˿ţ
ˣŮ
˿ͷȻŮ
ˣ
ˣԡ
˿˵ŮͷϲҪ͸󣬵ֲǿ֮澣ʮŮŮòðˣá
Ƕ˿ʮŮˡ
ϵķתڶµˣһ˵ʽ˵£˵Ͱˡ
Сǵº󣬽֮ԣĳԡݡ֮ץҲһٷĹ
ȹ֪ºȥȶ˲ܷţȻʼơܴ֪֣Ǳǲǿβˣ֣ĴҲˣ֣ʳҲռˣ֣ǱôҲ˰ɣǲǾͿԸһˣ
һγ˱Ÿ
ȻĽѾֳˡǹȥأͰ˼תˡ
ܲضöУԼ³ӵڶÿ˿òֺҪץҪöһ仰¶ѡ
һ㿪ʼ棬Ҳס
ǣѾ֪󽫾˹ûȥҲûֹ
ҲӰˡ

㣺ɣ
Ļ㱨һ䣺ˣ
Ŀ¶Ц⣬ϵҹаˡ
죿ò찡ѵ˯ȥô죿
һƬȻȥϢɣʲô˵
ʩһ񣬴ĵ˳ȥˡ
תغû߽ȥĺ
֣ǰô֪ĺô
߹ȥϵĺͣһ˲ֽŴ
ʣڵĺζӿ൱š˵ŵζ˵ζġ
ʵŵ˵Ĵ齣ʵںʺܣһһӾͳˡ
ڴʱռطֽų˯ðԵͷͼⶼӲȥһ˸˽ȥûͷûԵ
ܺã˶һΰɡ
ٱˡ𴲸ɻǰһء
֮С˯һʱˣľȻ㣬´ʱѾ뵽һҪʲô
ߵ棬ŮǶЦΧ·ͷЬȥϴ÷
˸ڣŮһ߷һ

Цŵͷ
ŮһЦ
Ҿ˵·֪ˣ
غò첲û
ЦŵӲģ첲ҲòǴȡ
ŮЦװˣŷЩŮΣü˴ױ
еĹŮĽֻһ͵ʮ
ЦǰֻҪһ͹ˡ
ĹŮҲ׷ױԹҫԼҵǸ˴ֻҲ֪ôôĸӣ
Ҽҵİ죬ͷ
ڴϰ죬ҵİϴλҲҵĴϴ˰죡
Ůǵİ˺ܶ࣬ˣҲнǱߵʿ빫䡣Ҳǵһ֪ߵĹŮȱ𴦵ĸЩ׷ǵˣǱȱ𴦸࣬ƺ˶ãĹŮаٰ顣
棬ѾĴ¼ǣڸǵ̽Ӷͻ
֣ǱҲϢ֣ȻΪǰѴ£˸ϻȥŭȴ֣֪Լڹ
ɼ֣Ǳ֣˵ġ
֣δز֪
ʣ̼ҽӴôˣ
ֻ̼ˣˡ˵֣̼ҵıȸˡ
֣ĺôȻȻͿʼ˿ʮ̼ˡ
ÿԻʽˣ˵֣ߵ֣⣬̼ҡ
ͷǡ
̼ұΪԱ֣ˮ֣ͷ󣬷̼ҵ
Ψһվ̼֣Ҳʼ¿̼һˡ
˵ţ㵽ˡ
塱һЦǼʲô
㶢ɫ֪ϲŭˣС֪ʲôá
ͷһأֳɾ͸С
һҾĳع
һ㲻죬˰ʲôҪ֪㣬Ѿܿˡ
మ˼ףζͽ䲻ˡ
л塣Цÿġ
һ£ɫһʣԣ֪˶ٷꡣ
˵˵֣ʣŮȥ𣿡
ʣ֣ôˣ˵Ϊ㶼ҪЦˣ֣飿
֣¾ûһ֣ġ֣ϣҲϣİյ紫ˣ˵Ļ˭ں֣ڵֶֹҲܼ򵥴ֱɱҩ֭ôҵȣ֣һУա
ĴׯˣΧա
󵽳Ȧʱ˻һգˡ
߲ʬĹա
ǻһмҰȺΪĴΪʫ췣ǴɳΪΪ֮һ֤ơ
˵ͦЧģֻҪϧˣַʽʧΪһð취
ΪͲȥѰʲôҩѰҲݲݣҽػѶǮظʳء
صضʡˡ
ǾͰŮ͹ȥɡ
ʹʹ
֣Ҳ÷һˡ


427 Ů
˯йŮЦĽŲ, ڵҲѾ, ϵһҲˡ
һ, ;ϵĹͷ졣
ϵƣ, ĵ޿ɱġ
ǰǿյ, ˱ˣ, һľҪȥʲôʲôӡ
ԡȥ, սӣˮĹŮѾ̽ͷһۣȻмŶˡ
ԡ, վ˷Ŵ£ӵһ߼ŮЦŶ
ǰϵ˺ЦһۣȥЩŮ˵䣬֪, Ƚȥһ˼
Ů˵˵
վôû, ѲĶģ
Цⲻǵ⣿
ŮǱôЦ˼䶼뿪ˣٽԽ˵Ҫֻ֣ΪŶԽ档
䣺ʲô
һ潪µ˵桭εõķĵġ
ӱ, һС¯Ѭ۽̧ͷʣ㲻¹𣿡
˶ɫ׷ס죡
˵ʲô
ȥɣ
æ¯£ߵͷҪ£¡ȻҲǵаҵҲа¡¡
ļȫ䣬û뵽Ȼ塣
㲻¡һ˵㣬ʲôᰮġ
Ҳ׷׵
ǰǽʱ򣬹ͰˣԽ¡
͹һԡ
һ˵潫װһ
⻰һ˵Ƕ޺ãȥ䵹йиɫζȫԴӽԺҲȻȻ׼ճƷ·ζֳɵģ
ڵˣһͿɹһǴӵϻ֬ͷ˸٣ͨһɫ£һĽɫƽߵ⣬û߽Ũҵ
ԼϿֲøղŹڵʱһϿԭҲе̫¡ˡ
պøʮ䡣
еıʣЦӯӯȥסһ
Ӳһ˿Ρ
̾Ŀһ飬޹ǵĿҾ벻ˣﶼ㡣
ֻ§ģ
һдһ룬ʣʲô
ղŹˣ֮ǰץˣҽҪô졣˵֣ǱѾҵùǺˣն챻ǱߵĴɱˣֻ֣׬ǮҲǮˣհĴ£ֻ֣͵͵ҿҲˣСŮͻȥˣһŹȥŭԼ˸ɱһɱٰɱˣͿ԰ԼӵҳˣһվȥԪǣȻǽǡͨޣҲöһˡ
˵һ̧ͷ䣺

Ͻȥһڡ
䷭˸۸һ§ס⼸ϰˡ
Ϊء
İõļſţһ߸˵Ҫ¡
һһߵͷ˵һȥдţٰһŰҲд̽ͷһۣһЩֻ٣вԴ֡
³ֵúܶ˶ַңҪʲô֣Լˡ
ʲôʡ
䣺㲻ҪЩ˶ôɣɵǶˣʳ
أָֽϵī㣬ú⣬ܿóǼ֣
䣺һǧʯСһǰʯ
ͦѧˣԼܿС
ܺãֻԼ֪ʲôҲ±͵ܡ
е죬ŭң
û塣ͷҽֻ֪żŲŸȫ
仹Ϊղþ仰û뵽ȻĶ
áǲԾ̡
˵硰ˡʽҪҪȥ
ϻڶ˵ȥˣȵڲŵȵ
ǹվʱĹ뽫һ֪ԣ
֣ڹϡ
Ȼĩˣϻеȡͽֻһ£͸⣬ܿ͸ɴµĹļ
ô·Ȼİַڹ䣬ͣš
ٿɫĿƬ̲빫ң࣬Цݶࡣ
һǰеΡ
Խ˵ڲЩʿӹˣ˵˿ǶЩʧ衣Ƕ˿򰢵˵ĽöˣûһԼ޸˵ģʣµҲϽ˵Լûд޵Ľã˰ġھŵĻߵľˣ⼸첻ϳȥֻԸȽ䡰ߡ
˵ȥ
бȥһۣˣ
׹ͻȻǰˣͶԽǵȥɣԴ˵ȥ
æ˳
ǰڵæ·һӳ˾ȵСǸ磬ôô죿ô𣿡
ҡͷֵͷԶԣҲվڵǰˣǵӳģû£ǿȥɣ߿ߡ
㷢Լһضˡ֮ǰʧĹһ
ȻѾɽǽ¾Ϳ԰ˡ
ǣһĺŮʢļ롣
ŮǸʲôʱ˼֣ʲôʱҪ룿ǶãȻ״̬С
Ҳ˵ʲôʱ붼ԣºɾˡ
ŮļҲԶʳͷȴ˴׻ᡣ
ǹԼû뵽ġ
ŮзϢְܣ㰵ʾﳤʳĹܣΪ³ڰܳԱڶʳΪһܲͣðʳĶ
СѼèӣµ̣ȫġ
ڶͺܺˡ
ȻǾԶһְܣŮమ
˵ݹ֮Ůӻø׾ٵĻ֮˵İĽ
ްأŮĽߣмûİԺ˾ͲҲĺĻˡ
Ƕʳ󣬴ҳͿʼ伯УŮʼԣдʫǣ־Ͳ֪ȥˡ
ȴҲ湻ˣϯ屻ˣǸŮģ˵Ůˡ
һ
ϯ壺Ϊ跲֮죬ɺҾ͸еظҵĹ¡
Ҽ
ϯ壺ʴȣŮ͸֣
ٴλ
ϯ壺֣
òͣ
㣬˶ڻʲôǵûϯ˵ʲô˵֣˺ܲΪʲôҪ
˵ʵϯʿĻģ̫ԶˣΧ̫ңֻǻӦʿĻѡ
Ŷ
ϯҲ˵ˣŮҪ͵֣ȥˡ
Ȼ˳Ůķֽⲿ֣ͷȳһͷһ˸ߣһܸԯϽʴʮֻ
ذǵľͺʵˡ
ȻزҼ磬ֱۡ˫֡βԼȹӵ϶κ¶Σȹµ֡
Щһ·Ƕȥˮϴ˴󴬣֣ȥ
ԶԷĻЩŮķֽⲿϴͣĿͣһֱ뿪˵ߺ󻹲Ըȥ
֮գ϶ڴ˵Ů
˵ô͸֣ˣǴ󷽰󷽡
ûôƴƴǲȡôƴأ³ô͸֣ˣô֣꣬ҪǲԵ³
ҲдˣͨƪڳЦ֣ȻȢǲ
֮һԼŭ֣ΪĿĵš
дɫɫٽйɫô֮ţ֣Ҫǲŭõˡ
Сվڴϣһλͷգܾò
Ȼ˵⴬ڵŮΪ˰֣׼õĸ֣ǲ
֣ȷʵ飬Ȼ˲ô˵³֣˵³Ҳûɡ
Ȼ֣ʹӻȥе̫ˡ
ңʯô󣬵̽һ֮³ֲ֪֣ڻ飬³թôô㵽أ
Ůܾ繨˵ģǸ֣ɡ
³ӦûǺ֣׽ģȻ³ô֣ôأ
ˣˡ


428 Ű֮
մձǽ
Сڳ, ⿴, һ֣߱³صĴԴӻص֣ûֻͣ۾޵ö, ׵ֻʣһ졣
ⲻġġ
е֣˶ú, ³˶ȼˡ
˵, ֣ʳ𣿡
ʮǰﻹء
˵
ǰ, ̫ϣΧûһ˿񣬿Ұϼž, һ޴ķĹһ³ʿͷϿ˼죬һֻ, Ұζ
ڿǰĳǳأһӴĶҲ˳ǳصע⣬ܿһʿ
СĿ˳
ͣڲԶһС, С˳, ԭǴˡ
Сͷʣˣ˵һˣ³͸֣
СͷЩԯгϱڵʵĶ, ʲôСðֻ֪ʲôĳǲô˴˽ǵġ
СһʣʲôҶͨڣţúαԼ
³͸֣ĴѵҪɼϸ֮ڳſѲǾ̫ˡ
Сҡͷδ˹ҹȥѾˡ
Сû뵽αѾˣæʣʱߵģˣ
СЦȻʡǺδ˵ƢǴҲδ´֮ֻԼʹˣߵġ֮ŭҲ޿κΣڳ˵֣ԣʵڲСΪˡ
СαͻȻ˵񣬴ҴҰڰ֣ðɣ³͸ȥɡ
С˹ѳΧסʯ񶼱ڲϯ֮£ʿѳì̽ȥǲصˣСòˣֹСҲΪѣҪ¶ҵƵʲô񡣡
Ѻ³ʿûжʯĲϯˣɫĲϯصڵϣ¶޴ͷ硢ʯλ
Сеʿˣû뵽ôĶͷ˸ߣӶͷ
ԭһ񡭡С૵Ϊ⼸ܳ϶һԭһֻ֣
ȷʵٰأ
СһߴߴʿǸϽٰѲϯϣһСԵȣ̻ȥţ̫سִ¡
̫شҴҶСﶼ֮˽ȥ
̫֮ضС˵ʵ
֮пƳ̫ҡͷʵҶӵġǣֻ
Сæʣ׳˺£
̫صĳͻȻŭǰʿ㣬ѾͶ˴̼ΣȻ˿ʼ̼֮̼Ҳȷʵ˺ܶˣԶò˵ǾǻɲֹһӣһϴθԾˣĸӸ״ϻرӻ̼Ҷǿϣ˴̼ûǲˡ
Сһ̼ͻȻѣ̫çײˡ
ֻץһɲУ̼˻ء
̫˵ң˴˵³ƺҲжԡ³񣬴ֻã³֮¶㣬Ҫô죿
⡭СҲˡ
̫˵ҿ㻹³ˡ
СæЩǸġ
̫˵⣬Ҫ³˻͵ҲˣȻ֣ô³أ
ҪǻȥСԥ᲻᲻̫ã̫˵ЩҲͰˡ
鶨̫С׼ǮЩ³˾Ȼܸ˵ĽǮˡ
ʶࡣ̫غܸˣСȴò
̫˵Ҳ֣ȥϢŭˣ͵ܸ͸ϢҺûȥȻԶ̫Զˣ̫ҲԼˣͱеˡ
СӦл̫أȥ
һ·ȥ³ﵹܶྪ̾·ĳǳش඼һһʹһЩԵ³ֹһʯ񣬻кܶʢ
СЩǵ̫ضܽţЩ̻ȻǶõǵϢ֪ں̼ҵķûУ˵ıռϷ磿ı߿ܻӮ
СԽԽ
ڣֻһ֮ңʱ˵㲻裬ҧԾ
̼Ҿٳǰᦣ֣ϱʮĸȫ˰ף
ԭ̼ҾȻʮĸ
ʲôʱӵôǵģռȥ֣֮һǲḻĳ
̤ǵСãȻ룺֣֣𡭡
֪һϢ̼ɿˣǰ͵ķʽ
˼ǣҪʲôֶΣȫ
䲻òʱϻ˰ǣԿǮ
ҲæҵģҪһ֣̼ҳʲô£ΪʲôͻȻҪǮһ
Ҳܺô˵й˰ףɥ£ֻг˲Żô¡ء
ֹһô˵ҲֹһǡϢ㼯ǰ֪֣ʮĸڹҰףǰһԭ̼ҾȻ֣ڽɽ𣿡
һ¡
˵ҹ̼ңƺ췴֮⡣
̼֮٣Ҳˣʧ֮ɫôôûɫ̼ȴµĴûҵûĶǸˣ
̼췴гǣݵΪ֣а尡
Ļ֣ܽһ֮ѷλ
ϧ
̾Ϣþ涼Ǳ˵ģֵֻԼһһǵ㡣
ڹĴ󵨷ԣǶϰˡ
㷢ֹƺ֪䣬ӡҲˡʼôСԼҰġ
⵽Ǻûǲð
㣺̼Ǵˡ
̼֣ʸ֮ģϵ֣µң̼ҿ۶ʬ
̼򣬳Ʒ֣ԼȻû·
Ȼ̼ǲģܡҪܣͲܴɽʳܣҪʳıǮ
ǰɡеϧû뵽֣ˡռٱˣռٱ˰ɡ
̼Ҳսӣܸ֣ɵ˾΢΢ˡµĳǣбȥռ
֣᲻Ԫ˲ҪֻҪ֣λȵģ֣ȵġ
ܱ߸˵֣պ󲻺˵ġ
ԣεʳȫҲˣԼų԰ɡ
ɫһ¾ˣЦɱȡѺν⣿
һȥƫͷסһԭһ˱ңװҩ
ЦлЦմȥ
̧ͷģ§ʣʲô֣Ԫˣ̼ҵʳҲˣţǴȫʤΪϣƵ̼ңսӣ˷˴õĻᡣ
׹޻˵ͷ˵䲻˶һ
˶ġ
֣ң̨
Ūˣ󵨣
Сſڵɪɪûϵֻǿһ³žʹŭʧ̬ѰϵĶˣѰҲ߷ˡ
ϢŭϢŭ
ƴСԼ͵͵˳ȥ
ϣһ֣ˡ
оСһϢ֮絶ͷ
Ϊ費ֻԾ
˵֣һȥء
ѾǰĴˡ
ڹв˿ʼûôб
֣ΪҪ̼ҵĳǣռ̼ҵʳĪеһǺεȵıŰ޵εȵĲп᣿
ȥˡ֣˵
Ȼ֣ɱС벻Ļ仰һ£ֱǰʿϳüŷӦ
ǲҲֲţ

Сҵĺң̨ϻص
֣Ľֵϣʼ̼ҵĶ
˵̼ռȫ߳ɵʳ
˵ųɣ
Ǽôʳ֮ǰȴճԣ
Ҽ˶ˣ
үү
Ұְ֡
ҵܵܡ
̡
̼ң
̼˶񶾣ݣ


429 仯
פˮѾһˣҿ, ȥ, ֱ֣д
ʱŷֽһҪշǡˮԭΪӽʼӾѾǵУڲܴ֣, κ˵, Щʳ͵ֳǡ
ֶͨ, ͹ĺĵĶͨ޺Ԭط
˵ȵϰ꣬ı͸͵ȥˡ
, ǰһƿʻ
վʿ־پ޴Ļڿл裬ĺ, ֻô
Ҳȼ´êٿʼ
ҲʼС, йվ޼󴬿
ѽƻ裬ˮⶼ˻, һƬˮյ硣
Ƥ, Ľ滹Ǻġϵʿߵˣʳ𣿵µĻϨҪôһ´ܳԵȷ
ߵСһſˮһߵͷˣҸղȥз˺ö༦Ⱑкܶըأ㣬еûиŽ֮ǰֻԹСϪ̵ָϸ, û뵽㶼ֱ۳̣һ͹ԱˣҪ̴̣
ڻ´𣿡
Сҡҡͷ㶼ըˣҲܳԡ
䣺Ҳ´̡
ԣôըԣɱƬըý࣬ҧһڣͶ㣡
СȵҲ´̣ʲô
ǰϵʳѾʼжˣת뿪ˡ
ӪгԷĵطжʮֻһſÿǰһгӣÿһֻͲľͲǰʢ
ʳõĹȷͼԱ߻һ޴Ĳݿըƺõ飬еĴۻڲͣըơ
߹ȥдҵһҲǶĸֹɵķðһ룬ŵըըƣжͽˣҿԡ
ڽĹ֣еĹȷԽԽ׷ŵԽԽ࣬ͬļСԵͷ̧ڴǣֱȥ
˵ǳԷˣ̫Ѻ̻ˡ
䱻ô˵ֻҪͬͻᱻô̾һأԷҲѧŽˡ
һ̧ͷͬСȫһһڽٳԣ͵͵
еʳһҹɢѲ߻ҲʱԵڵʳ佻˸ʱҪڶµȶʳͻȥϢˡ
ڶ죬жµʳֳǳ
Ѿ̨ҲͬʱйǵһδģǨƻһᷢΣÿй̨̨ᵽйĵ·Ͼͻἷ˳кܶǱѧӣˡ
ȻҲкܶˡ
ֳ󼯱øˡ
СǺŮһϣҡҡλεģǰҶ̳Ůǰϧò±ҳȾϣòÿ׷״ɴ
һŮ˵ĽˣǿĳнʱǰҶûء
Ͳлҳˡ
˵ԿĳݣŮǷ׷׼ڳźͳǰ
СŶӣҲİͷȥ
ĳݺܺϣǰĳݺ󣬱ȴĳСһ㣬ϷĻСһѡ
ĳǰҶ˸档
ʱǰݴһˣŶĳݾͣˣŴӳгŮ񣬰еĶ˹ȥ
֪͸ʲô
һǺö
ǻ˵
ŮЦţ׷ײ²
СǵǿɬĬĬ˻ȥ
ŮƽʱȻչȴٰѴǱߵ¸ˣʲôҲˡοֻһŮˣûϣҲٳ˵ĸҲٽˣѶԹƭǣʧ˴ĳšŮӦǻʹĹϵԽԽã˭ǼҰд⣬Ǽûźã˼Ҳۡ
СãȻĸĶӣ˹ŮӡҲˣ󣬲һŮ֮ӣҲӷϡ
Ǿ˵ģǸ˵á
̨֮ǰûʲôͬʱ羰ʱһСµժ¥Ľоⲻͬ
죬յõ̼ҵϢ
̼ȷʵӵģûܵõʬ̫ˣ̼ҵ·һ⡣
ʱϿž̼һʳ˰Ǯ˾ˣȴͬʱ̼ǮϢ˳ȥ̼Ҿͱ˰ΧˣȫҹٶȫץжѺ⵽ǣŮҪô͵ظɱҪôˡ
ôʵ̫ˡ
Ϊʲô̼ҵϢǳָʾһֱ̼üǮȻٴӽ̼ҵԸ˵ļ۸
̼ҵļ۸Ȼ¥ۣһҪ̨ļҪּ۸񣬻ˡġ˾̼ҵ˵زҪּ۸̫֣Լһʵҡ
̼ҵˣ̼ҵж붼񵱳Ԫֳһһвʣ̼Ҿδĵĩ·û˼Լ˵·ס
̫ͨ
£ǽɡ
ʺõġ
ȻͽعԺĵһ¾ʰһǲҪ̷󣬲ܻȥ·Լ¡
ǹڽ̵ʱ̸ǵģͽһһʮˣоͰѽĵλ̧ˡ
Ҳǲ֪Ƕûʲôرķкʹģĵֿ
Ϊǽڰܵ
ͽһ˵ĶԱǺԵġ
ܷϣȽúáȣС۾컹̫󣬸ͷͣǸֲݣϻмģǳ˼Ҳÿûн֮С
ٶϸüĿ޳
˵ƾȫͬ
˫Ŀֱǰж磬ΪĹϵ·Ĳúܴ󣬽ŲҲء
ͷڽΪȱȽҪʱηηβ˵Сη֮С
Ӧϲ˵ʣʤû⡣
Ц֣ˣûȥɡ
ֱǰ׳ŵʣ㣬ֻû
Ҫˣ㼱ȸ̫ɡ
æߵòá
˽һ£ǲߡˣҲΪ㡣
Цһ£ҵʱȥֳӢˡ
ϵǺǿģ˵һӮ
Ц˵ģʱҺȥҪùƨɣô죿ǵһùƨˡ
϶عӮ
Ȼô˵ˣǵڶʱºǰĹ㳡˸ΧˣŮĹ󳼣ͽӢˡ
֣ڽ̨ϣֻŮ죬⣬ҶеŮӡ
˵ܼңֱܴҲ˵ģʱ䶼һƴȭɲĿģܻῴýζ
Ϳú񣬻Ե붼һ˻ˣ԰Ѿȥˡ
ȻѾɱˣΪӳ԰ʹޣڱ˳˵ߣһѾʧӡ󣬲ܱǣ
֪Ͱ԰֮ж֪˭԰ָ˭ֻȰѰ԰һˡ
ǵһ࣬òȻ԰İĽȴõļӷ
ԴλŮû˾Ȳϰ԰ġ
ҾãһͱһˡһŮӶһŮС˵ˣܹ⿴
һŮԥ⻰Ȼòףʵڲܸᰡ
ò棬ȥһϸϸ˵
ԭڶŮӴѡһ˳úãܵ⣬һȴĸصģҲܺãԥ֪ѡһ
û뵽ôձˡ
ºȥŷԭŮѾȡڼҼ˵Ȩˡ
һݼԵ͵ģպסŮӵļУȻǼޣзŮҲˡ׸ǣзøգҲŮм˵ĺӣȻҪŮϵġ
зĵִٺܶ࣬ЩԸ׸ĿԽֵġ
еļδŮļҹ棬Ҳ˰취ŮպµкӼ̳ŮϺŮӿĸ׵أ̳
׸ıڳֳŮѡĵڶѡˣܼ޸ɾڼҼ˰ɡ


430 ³
ֳǵ˿˱ըʽ
ڽʱһƬӾԤ, û뵽ȥոսе˿ղ־Ѿˡ
ֳϳǵ˿ĿǾֹ, ѾԽԽˣԲ˵, ÿһ춼мٻ¾ð, ÿһ, ͻСׯһСݷ
, ˵ֳǵġ֮İա
ֳǶĿǰǿŸⶨӵģֻҪԸ, ֻҪڶҸŵǼһ£֤ͿԵˡ
˶˺, ֵǲ˰ģǲճ˰ģܴ混ʲôڶгͿ԰̯
ֳǵԽԽ, Ӧ, гҲԽԽ󣬿˵ֳĿǰĵƷƷֺ³ǵһΧҲǵһģΪĿǰûĸֳô˿, ȻҲûôг
ֳǣŮ˿зӣ̯λԿ⣬ҲֵعӣԼûˣ混˵˶úܣͶС˵ǮûУֳǵý˶˵ף˵ĳȥŮйһֵܼһŵġ
ΪŮǿԼ˰Сͬ˰ˣ׸ʳڼиŮٴСӣʡŵԵĻһӵˡ
󣬾ǶѧѧֻռµˣŮԿɣԽȥѧϰһԺ󾭹˵˾ͿˣҪ޷ǳд¼Ǽ˿ȹǮãѧд֣ѧкܶ¹ҲȥΪɱֵɶˡ
βСŰǽ˿õһһͳƣ𻧵Ųһ£˿ڣŮûСӣûȢϱŵɷȵȡ
һۺϣֱﲩʿȣ˿Ůıʣȥıʣıʵȵȡ
󣬽
Ϳ˿ڣٷ֮ʮߡ
˿Ѿ͵һµĵز
ּ㣬һЩ˿ڴ󲿷ǴǨġ
˿Ǩƣһԭġ
Сׯ̫ˡԹ˵̫ˡ
˵˿ڵĻ˰ġ
ҡͷƣôˣضкܶ⣬ǵ̫ˣܲԼչ׳󣬾ͻԭصķ״ˡȻҪЩס
ҡͷû취ģǲһҹ֮õġ
ĹɲóģһҪ˵ҵ͵ǿõϡЩСٲҪʫٻҪιҪ֪ģֻ֪Ҫ˾ˣ֣ˡ
ⲻ˵ı׼
д붼ҳϽӡҲǺܼ򵥵ġ
û뵽
еԥû뵽˵ӦҪֺ˽⹫һ֪־У־õǲġ
ңΪһšǵǲĻġ
ãұϰĻֱӳҡ
һֱֳǵֻ̫࣬ΪЩ˾ֳ棬ԶҺ֡ɵİѷɷǣǰٺűҪӣֳȴ棬ֻСģ廨һһһı
ĵײ̫ԸȫҲ⣬ΪʲôеҺȫǴ׵Ҳ벻ȫʧ󣬹ֻʣ°ջǶôɵ£ζбȫκ⣡
һᷴղᡣ
ΪŶҿ˳۵뷨Ҳ̫
֪Լݡ
̫ɾ̫ɴ̫࣬ס
ⲻһ˵뷨һѵǶ
뿪󣬽ڷôôܡ
˵ֻˡ
ϵź֪ˣ
һ꣬һ
Ϣⴵű˿
䱻ȥˣˮһ·϶꣬Ϊʳʪڰ·Ǹġʳһͽ͸ϽˣֳΪͽ㹻⡣
ʪ˵ʳѾ͵ʳˡһҾĵˡ
ø鲼ͷŲ񣬵ͷѾˡ
һͷըͷһЦˣ᲻ͨˡ̹ͣģסĳۡ
е𣬽ĺʣղʲô
˵Ժ󣬲ϣܹܵ𣿡
䣺ܵĻС
ԥǾȽ㣿ȹܳʣµԺ˵ܣôһ
ԱȥЦһơ
תͷʲôǷСǰɣ
ԣҲ̫ܸɣ֣ܹˣʳĶСһʵҲܼ򵥣Ϊʮָʮָ塣
ʶֵ˲࣡ҵĴ˼Ѱѱ󣬳˳˯ǸɻǰǺ֪ʶϵһ𣬷˸߸ߵĵϣȾָֺ
֣Ҫϵͨʹ֪ʶģкġ
³ʮ꣬³һܱøһ¢֪ʶֻдݣǲжҷĿܡ
˵С
ΪָӣҡͷеģЩ˸мȥֲС
뵽ˣ
ͿͻȻ۷Ҳֱˣ¶˵飬룺ܲ׽أ
ڶͰѽˡ
Ϣɫͺ̺ܳĴǱ͸ģԽû˿羴֮⣬ֻη塣
˺߲ܶ࣬ܣһʹʮĸˡ
ΪЩ˲
ֻٶһĵϾܲã˶֪̰޵¡ˣʡΪ˶Ĺ۸жʹɱ֡
ǸҰޡ
С̺򽪱Ժϴ£׼óŽڽ¹뽪ϳȥ̨
ȥ˲ֱصȥŰͬ顣
ͬڴҧгݣ͵͵һѵԴ˵ҪɱСˣҪɱ
ֻ潪ʱСĽϣ˴ʮȡ
ʮȣǴ˸߾ˣѾˡ
ס죬С˵ģģ
֡
ҪҪټһ١
ڽǰ˼Ƭ̺ʣʲô٣
١˵
Ҫ֯һЩҼ׵ιˣҲǲ⡣֣Щľеֵ֮˼ˡ
ʮ˻ڵ
ֻҪ뵽֣Ͳаӡ
ҵǣҵǲȱģֻǸɵ£㷸ԼǶ
Ȩ׼ҪǵǴ棬Ȼûʲôǵ¡ͨɱ˷Ż𣬶˼ҲƣаŮȵȣֻСʧڴް
ǰЩֶڣصҲǵԼԼ
ǵһΣΪҪˣòԸ˵ǷĴһַʽڴﵽĵز
ȥһ£Щ˼ʧľٶץ󡣡 
̫ʲôʧľٶ
룬˵ȣӲТֲѣܲأΥסɡ
ԲףΪʲôҪ˵Ļ
ʱˣɫ䣬ȥϲһһҸ״˶ӣĸ۸ܵܣܵܵѹ磬߸Ůĸףɩͨȵȶ£ץɡ
ضˣǿ˭ֵܽóܴܣ˭͵ŮˣŮ͵ˡ
ȥˣӭĿ⣬̫𣿡
棬췴֮⣬бġ
㣬ڰҵƤڵ˹͡
ҡͷǺݣû˽ġ
ֻǡȨ⡣ƽˣѡ񱣴յĻǴЩҡ
ң谭ɡ
ڼ˼һҹ벻һȰһ·˵
Ҫ˵ͱҳҶ³Թõĵط
һϣ벻һ
³֣˵һλЩǶ벻ңҴȻʵĸ벻Է
Թ˵ƾͲˣҪҵ֧ȡλ³֮ÿһȨֶġ
ԣҶԹáͰҲϧǡ
Ҷ³ãҲ˵
ͬ벻Ҷ³ôͳγУأ
ȴܲϲЩҾݳǲţϣԼȥЩС
֮ƣڹȫơ
һҹ벻ֻܳϣŹ·ߣ³ȷʵҪˡ
ֻҪʹĹԱԼİա


431 Ҫ
˳ؼҵ;бסˣݳĴ˷ŶԳڵĽ˵, ·м䡭
ֳǵɷϸ, ˣǸūƽ, ɱ߶ҪΪ˸һ
Դ˲Ҽݳֱײȥ, ֻͣ, ͣˣ½
滹ϸ, 𳵴·ûˣС̯Ƕ̯ؼ, ֻһվ·м䣬һûд
סеĳԴ˵Ҫ³, Ҫſеûģֱײȥ
˺µǴ̿Ǻɣ
ûһȻסԭġ, ҵ˶, ĲƲҲȫʧˣӼǺңϰѲƲȫˡ
Ը⺰ˣڳǰ˺ʲôˣ
ǰ˱ʪ, ϴóǸò൱׵ӣһҾݼ򡣡
ְ·ͶЧҲǺܶģֹһϣڳϵͣϳɡ
ûңһֱһ֧ûӣҲλꡣ
ֻã˵׵ȴûеô࣬Ը֮ģҲû̫õļ塣
ϳڳȻʱҡңλεģȵסûжᣬ֪һҲһ纣һӵܡ
ʡ
ٹʮ͵ˡ
ǣڴˣ
ĳվãֳһҵδ̫ѽֻѡ
һǸ⵰Ƚ̨ûȥģʱͺˣָųµȥ
֮죬ЦĳϻЩ죬βȿĳı֮
ʲôܰҵģ
֪ʲô⣿˵⡣
ֻңôһҹֳ֮ͬҾ㡣
кѣɸ̵תͷ̨Ȼҡ
ҵȥ
ͱͽռȥˡǱ俳ˣǱŴɱˡ
ǰ̫СʱСŮʱʱĿⶢģʱûʲô˰ɣ
Դӹ֮䣬ڸҶˣɲ
ֳǺŷͷ졣ΪԼȥѧʲô³֣³ܽзҲѧᣬǿԼȥеְ
ҲȥԣȻһ취ͨΧ۴ٴȷţûп
ȷʵǸͨͨˡһҪ˵Ǹڴʱڳ²а㲻۵̫ӻȴɫЩ
˵ȷʵи
ؼ˾ȻҲûзټ
Դ·ûа˽һһеڴ
ɴһ濴ֺγôҰأ
ȷǲܺ͵ʹ˱ɶ֣
ҪҳˣܾҪζԴˡ
ԣѡ˽
ڿߵÿһ˺󣬹˫ȻУ˳Ǹ̫²Ūɡ
󽫾͸֪ҳǰĻýһ־ᶨˣһ㲻̫űˡ
˿мѣΪӵܣҲʩչĻᡣ
ʣµȽֵľǽժǹˡ
˹ΪŮӣͷֻг衣
ԸȻԼѡôһ·
Ǿֻʣ½ˡ
ڽպ˷ˣá
ֻ߶֪¡
ڿ͸ôȤˡò˵һѾõĵ
ӡҰġ嶯ǻۿԡ
ֲţǸ˾ýãͰѽҲ𿪣Ҹߡ
ô̳ⱲӶʲôɾˡ
棬ս֪ǲǸȥ
Ϊҳˣڽߡ
ĳһƣȢһޣһ
һȤ
Ƭ̣ȻҾѣܹôͿ϶ҵڶ֧
Ȼôһ˵Ȥ
ĳ꣬˺ĳ·ٺһٰѴ˼Ƹߴ򡣡
ƭңҾͰ֫ȫٿͷ
ȻǸˡ
¶ɫͷĳ򣿡
ɽĴ򸮡󷽷ĸȥڽڷﻻ·ͷͽȥˡ
һСʳֳĶʳһǰգҼһ
ڼֻʶһΣҲֳͨǺŷֳ֣ǴҼҶǶʳ˵Ķһߴʳ˳Էʱܿʳ
ʱŷ֣ʳʵǺܷһʳԷŹףӽӲˣʲôԷŽȥųԣʱһΧһԣů͡
ֳǶʳ֮ô̵ʱڷú
úֳǵгм۸൱ˣҼһ
úжʳ
úǴ̳Ǵġ̳ǵȿʼĴչúȻŰѴֳǡ
Ҫϸúɾ˶ʳǶʳɾúͺѷֱˡ
ժǹйء
һʼͻɸǹߵˣˣ˾пǵ湫һ̳ȥ̨ˡ
ժǹ̨ߣ׷湫ȥĹŮȫʿȻǵûж֪ǵʹ¡
Щ˵̳Ǻ󣬾Ͳ֪Ѷˡд˵Ǳʱ̳ǣɳɳǵƺˣΪƺƹЩʿΪˡ
Ҳһ˵ЩһЩˣмţЩ˾ͳ̳ǵĹԱ
˾˵̫Цˣ˾ȥƵˣѧ䣬ôǵأ
ǸˣһоͲǲˡ
̵ĺڽڿһôɱµײеĿ£򶨵İһˣըơ
˵óԡ
˵𣿡
ˡҹģˣ
㲻ԼҰĺΪܣΪ١
һߺĴŽһ˵ֳ֪ŮΪʲô׷
ɫÿˣ֪ĳʾȢǼҵŮΪޣ֮ã˶ã⼸ҵŮӶ׷ˡ
û˵ǵĸĸΪʲôͬأԹЧҲŵİ취һŮףҵĹϵʮꡣûֹ£ݺݵҪӣҾ˰ղźȥȫ
ָŽΪֶˣƸȨأǼȲֲԸ⽫Ů޸㣬պۣԲԸŮڼ
ɶ񣡡ҵҪɱȴѵ˹ȥĲˡ
µ˿ˣýûˡ
ڲϣҷˡ
Ц˵ꡣЩ֮ԻѡһΪ

û֣˲ţڴߵˣаգжңҲͨգ֮ˡֻҪߵú򣬴Ըһ
ǶˣΪҰҰ֮кøУھͿʼѡһЩԵˣеԼУͼպܱá
ѵȥȢһŮˣ
˵ѵʺǮˣ֮ŮῴڽսķԸһŮ֧ġ
ֳǱѾٱƭˡ
ȻԸ⣬ԸȢŮԲӣӣҪŮá
ˣֻתڣȻǡֻǴѡЩԸͼޣ޸ĸֵ֧֣бƵŮӡ
üѸǲԸ
δ֮Դ󣬴Ը𣿡

ǮĻ
ͷȢˡ
ĺܲҪԼҪ
Цемѡꡣ


432 
ȻڽǣֳǵĴС䡣ڽ, ȻҪθ, һŮΣ𽪱Ȥ, ýȥŮӵ, ȹ, ŮҪôǹˣҪôѾû, ҪôƣŭͻϽ˵Ҫŭ, ĳΪһˣֳѵҲһµļƥ𣿡
ȷʵ˵ĳĳмŮ֪ϸö, ڼй䡣
ʱˣ˻
ڳԺһѺ֣Ϊˣﻰⶼ, ʱʱһ, һ꣬¶һ֪ѵӣգѾԺ
ԺҲм, ֮ġ֮ǰİ檳澶ϴģϻؼ֮󣬰˶ˣ
Ҳǽ¡
ںԺ뼸κ󣬷ֲŮ֡ǵý֮ŮվãûŮ
ûʽҵ˴
򸮺޹ؿԣ޹ܼңͣҲأƺ˵𽪱ĳʱҵ˷
͵֪ڹʱŮˡǻ֪Щԭսĺӣڶˣ
ɴ˫ĿЦһֻ£򻹲֪أ
ᣬҽʲôûӹЦеľƣ˾ͶžƺƱȥˡ
򣬵ǸЦ
գ⽪ҲǽιʮֵĲޣǾӻСˣֻҪôͳͳ⡣
ЩҲûʲôͬҽ˵˵ٶû߽Ϳһ˵Ьûãֻſڽǰ
һ۾ŤͷߣǸ˷ܵĸ˵үͬһŮ£㲻٣
һ٣תʩʩȻ߹ȥˡ
˵֣һģһΣʮֲߵǰ˲ŷֶһˡ
˵Ȼһ㤣ͷҪܿȥ
Ҳһ
Цôѣ˵ʲôأҲ
¶ݣͷЩд˻˵
ڴɫСۣȷʵǡͬˡż˵
ȥ֪ʲô¡
ԭ߽ĳһȢϱʮòף游ڴϱͳʳҹޣǳТ˳游аഺϱ˴ϣպñײ
ŭνҪɱӣӱŭ游ȣ游ͺ½ԳĴϱ޹أϱɱҲҪɷˣ游Ը̷游
游ȴģϱֵԸټ游游ϱ롣ϱҺȻгŵ游ǰȥʣɻǵһµŵԣ
ϱ˵ֻǵһһһС
Ϊǳ£Ҳ֮ڡûв͸ǽµ׻Ǳ֪ˣΪޡ
һɥȥһؿڶµܡܿ췢֣ⲻһն˴Щ£
ҪǽĿġ
סģȥ£öˣҲϰΪ
Ҵ꣬լԺʲô¶ܷҲϡ档ɱӣ߱ǿռϱ˽ֶͨɩȵȣ಻ʤ
˵ңֶ͵ģҲüȥģĵӵĵǵŮ˶Ѿˣ˵ùһҲøֶŮ˽ġ
ô˵ɣÿһôһر鷳ˣ£££»
ɫĸ֣ɱ
ѰһգĻŭ֮ʣĳͶڴ£ڱӣպ򲻹ʲôСȥҪȥɱأҶûж
ۣ˵Ļ𣿡öᣬ۾ˣظŴ󻰣Ȼ˵˲㣬ҪҵԴȥ
ãмҪȥ
򣬴˵ɡ
Ķǣ˵Ҫȥɼҡ
ɼҾǸ游ϱļ塣
ƽ£߶ϸҲеġ
һɡɡ뵽ʲô״ݳɼҵ򣿡
ͷҡͷǡҲȥǱΣ׳кβң˵վҪҡҡλεľҪȥ״ȫ˴ʱҹ
߳ȥ͡ڵˡ
ţװȥˡ
ߣˣ̧ȥ
һҹڶѣѣи˹𴲳š
װɵȥͬ飬Σҹȵ̫ˣӦȥɼҡ
ɼңɼҵ˭Ǽʲô
ˣǳϱ£
šһΣ˴ŴҴҳš
ԺͶ
ϷˣҲûȥ״Ȼڶһ磬һȥ̨ɼˡ
ˣǸѳɼ֮¸߽ˡ
ӳȥΪ˱ƽӿŲȥɼҸܾһʲô벻ͨΪʲôѵʼʩЩºץˣȥթǮƣ
ϻأǽŴ£ô棬ôңѵΪܻס
ҵ޵ġ
һ棬Ȼֳǰһ׮Ȥȥ̸ۡ
ǳЦɼ游ΪϲԼƤ⣬Ȣý죬ҲԲλ࣬οͣʲôɣڳɼǸӣ³çģҲпģ游ô죿ٽɱȷʵ嶯ˣҪǾٽɱ游ǾǴ治ˣҲᣬ嶯Щ
Ǹӹһ٣ƽҵϱҶͿݶˣТ˳һ£ڼ޳ȥĻϳɼ˿ô죿
ɼȻŭŭҪɱǸ״ġ
£Ȼûеģ
Բڴ붼˲ôǿŮӣ
ӺϱΪκ룬ΪСƢã׺ǴǳޣʮˣǿУ˺ġ
һұտڲ
Ϊβʵ˵Ůڼʸĸ
ĸ׼ȱֿ࣬ŭԸһƢõŮ˻뱻˵һﷴĿŮˣ
Ůһ£ѹģίƽֲҵĴ
׳ʹһ˲ٶԴֻΪǶдοһɫĵһжɵˣУԷռ֣ռ߷֣ãһֻֻһ֤ˣ
Ůñ´ޣⲻҵĴҰ
ҶŴҸϽ¡
ҪˣںҪˣ껹ҪףŮڣҲǰһҪգֳǽյĽϼˣҲøˡ
ɼҵȤ£ûбǣԽԽ㡣
ɼҺ޵òУȴֲܶס˵죬ֻܱŲ
Ȼ󣬵ڶ״˳ˡ
ɼҸҪϲȻͷ֣ûбãøˣ
̨⼸˾еһǷǶԴԹҲܿ÷
бΪģҲǱϣɱˣɱˣҲˣƺˡ
ڲͬǣЩȫڸĸ֮УǱ˴УԶᱻ֪
ǸױƼŮŮȦ˸Ȧ
Ǹױ
ɱܡ
Ƿɱޡ
濴ţɼأ
ûʲô£ֻҪɼҽǮɡ
㿴˹ѡļң汻űϱļ׮һξ͸ֵˡ
б׼ѡеȫԳ׵ġ
˵ĶŮػһ׮˲Ŀ֮⣬ʣµľЩǣǿֻ¸Ҳܵ
ɱܵģȻĸûֶӣͲ㱻Ҳڡ
ɱ޵ģ޼ѾּһŮȥֻҲϴ¡
ڸɱӣűƶϱԾָǲϣΧҲϡ
ԣҪۺʩչ


433 Ӧá
ڰǵĿжǷǳߵ, ¼Ȼʱᷢһ׮ӵ, ҼаŮ, ÿ˶˵, ⲻڰյĿУҡӦáеĿµĻԼǻۡȵȡ
Ǳεһ, ҲԼż, ײܶ
û˵ĸܲҪΪȦ˶Ҫ, Ըûܵ˵泶Ƥ
ⷽ, ׳ʿǡһּĸФӵ, ѸٵĿ촦, Ȼ溰ԩ
ɼҵֻһʱǰѳɼҵЦ
һһˣʮʮҺ, Ѿ޷ס, ˵ֱʮҶ˭ǿʼ˼ҵͷϡ
ΪڰУұһ塣
ʲôʱ򣬶Ů׶µױǡ˵ĳһ, ĳһϣʮӺʮŮӣʮ, ˵ĸоȫͬġ
һ˱˺ˣ·˺ģھӺģǸĸģֲͬˡ
ѡȡЩˣ׵еġǵӡ̣֪µĳǿҵġ
˶֪Щ֡ڻúúõģȥˣѳ¡
ܵõţ͵һ磬㣬ȴ⣬֮С
Ϊġ
ţȴʵʵڵĴڡΪÿе뷨ÿ˶֪һ¡Ӧáʲôģÿ˶ỳɵģ򵥵ͷ
ŮӼ˺˶Ůӷ޺ӵ磬ɷ򵱽ҵŴȰһļͥˡ
ӻ裬ɷỨģŻƫСãЩҲǼͥлᷢСìܣǿԽܵķΧڡ
游ĶТ˳ϱаͲǴܽܵˡ
ϸĸŮ
ǸѰŮǿ鲻ɺ󣬾ŮԾǿԽܵġС
ѵܹ֮ͬףѪ֮ס
򼵺׵ܵøĸ谮⽫׵ȣ
˭Ůˣ
ϱöӲڼʱԾȵȡ
ⶼҡӦá¡
һ׮׮һһͻȻȫǰ񳶵һѣ¶ŻĸƤ⡣
гķٺյҲЩҵǴ죬һ֮ʼ˱æ죬ͣȻҲй˵ͣ캮ڼұŻ¯ȡů
ǡڴʱǡڴ˿̡
ǷҼһƬͷӸˣһ˷߷ߵŲӣվڽֽǲ̯ԡ
Ա̯ǰȫˣæòֺ
̯ϵ˵㶯ֻ֣Ҫ˵һǶܳȥͷ
һų룬ԼѮ˰żӳ̾
˵Ҳ¡룬Сϱ˲үȣүצӣһɤӺȥǱţɻɷ򲻶ˣڽϻأ
ɲǣ
ҴժеȥСŽȥüһŻ˿һٷĹߵǼҵշĵطһСͷ˵Ƿ󣡡
ԱһЦΪְڼﺰһƵģƣȻ˵ǽƵľͱ㺰ˣ
̯ϵ˶Ц
˵԰ǺҲҲȲ
ǳ̾溰ˣǾɱ͸֪ˡ
úۿҪ϶ǡҡҡͷˡ
ֽǵһڣһŮ棬СŮԼ꣬źɫ·źͷϴź컨ϴźЬΧŸ˵ȹתȦԼ۾˵㿴ü𣿡
Ц֣Լ۾㿴￴㡣ôǲסǸСɵϣ
ھӵһ˿СŮĹԸ˵˽ϵлˣ˵˶ƤأҪҽǡǼˣҲܷġ
˵ɫʱͱˣݺݵ˭ҽһָͷҾ
һңżſڣ˵ҪŮȥסա
Űٰ⣺ͷİɣӴֲвӣһ˫۾ֻᶢŶӣ˻أÿ춼һ˯ͷİŮҼɣ
㲻ãֲڼңȥѧ𣿰Żأ֪ɻҰӻȥٺúý̽ȻǷʳ£ֻ˴ȥУ
ӲûסĸϱߣڼſڴûӵӣĶ
ֿڵһкӱͷ޵ᣬԱߵС鰲οˣ㣬˵һҾǵİѵܸܵ𣿡
кӿ޵Ҿʹһ£ҵûùӰҴ
ţＱɫҹ§û£û򻵰ɣ
СˣкˣﰲοҲˣЦˣиѶӴأˣ㲻ᰤˡ
к˻ȥһ·㲻ܴܵܡҲܴ㣡㣬Ҵ»ٴͺܣﻤ㡣
̨ϣҪһڣһŮһˡ
гŮ֮⣬ʣĻ
Ҫĺ͸
ȰѶ˿Щúܿĵ˸ϣﲩʿϯʿֵܣ͹壬еϵˡ
룬нǣȥʹ￴һûҪӽˡ
ھûнǵ㣬ҲԼ˼ˡ
ǽǻϲˡҲˣǺܴģȻ鲻Уǳǻۣ˵ǻۡ
ǹǡ
ȥһժ¥ͽһ˵⼸Ͼͱˡ
ǾͶһϵǧУȥʮʵôۡ
⼸ʮ˵ȴǾ춯صĴ¡
Щ״Լҵ£˶Щº޹ϵеǸеûԼҳ棬տڲˡ
ʣµĶϹ䣬Ϊһûȷ¾Ͷϵ֮
ǵģǶζպ󶼲ϵˣ
˶൨׳һȺһһƪ£ݵǰʣҲǲƽ
붼ˣǲ
ǽӹڵϵд¶չ˴ˣд־䶼ǳԣͨ׶
δãʡ
ܲ𣿷Űɡ
ѧһС
˵ȥһ᣿
˾ͷ±˵ھȥɡдӡ
ժ¥պýιȸЩȸȻûӶŮԽԽˣ˵ֻȸͼ׷Ұ㣬Ҳûɹӡ
ȸеëëģ߹ȥιȸߣǻߣֻȸ߱˼Σ߱ϸƤϿӣŵһ¡
뵽ҪţҲ԰ɡ
СĹȥһ¨ߣӲǲƫƫȸվ¨ǰͰͷˣ۾ȳԡ
ȸǺܶµġЦ˵
۾һԶԶ׳ȥֻȸųͷɹȥˣȻɵȥˡ
˵Ц˵Ȼǲͱһˡڵǰ˵棬Ƿֱס
ҪӦһˣ˵ҲܹĴ£͵Űյɡ
۴£ʱĶ˶죬ǵĿұ죬д£Ҫ˵ҪԼ˵Ҫ˵˵ʲôȺ۲ΰɷ
־ǹˡ
ʣô
Ҫ䡣Ҫ˶ãѹˣԽƱȡʤʵйġ
ͷҪǳЩ£˳ͷ𣿡
õţûеõŵӰ


434 ¹
̨˸, ɼҾը˹
ȥɸɫת˼Ȧһ, ˣȥѰͿסˣ
˸ղžڣɸ꣬⻰Ͳԣ, ڵ
ȥɸţȥҪͰ
ããȻɺǱȥȥʱ, ɺѾˡ
ɺ͵Ĵ˻ְһ󣬱˴򵹰ÿ·
˼أ
ɺ͵ĴҲǴСһɺͳ, ÷, С޲¡ղڳɸſ͵˵Ļ̻˳ɺͣȳȥ㡣
Ϊ˷һǲˡ
˿˵˻·, ȥңȥ׷
͸ƽʱȥĵطȥתתʶҲȥʣҲҪ˳ǣȥ⿴
һʱҲץסˣֻٻȥɸ
ȥ, ɸڡŵСͯ˵ȥүүˡ
˲ˣ˻꣬תһ㣬λҲȥˣСͯ˵ˣ͸˵ȥҺ͸ˡ
ԺйһųɼӵܣɸǰʯϣϥǰˤĴ룬ϡؿȫҩա
ϢٵĴֱۣԼȥ֣찡

ɸĿţŵĳɼӵвģȴ̧ۣҲ뿪׷װͷڵϡ
˥޲˶þͣҴɸ˸ͷֱҲ棬ǶӲТֻǳɼҼڸ׵һ֮䣡³£۵ðͷ޷ĿڸǱ˵֪浽ǰѾ˳Ľ֮·Ѿûгһϯ֮ˣ
ϢȻһϡ
⣬Ժеĳ֮һ֮ǰԴ֮ʱǰ̧ͷľҲǿͷ᲻֪͵ˡ
ɸ޵֪׷⣬Ů£Ҳֻ֮һ֮ҳϣַͷŵ棬븸׾ȳһȣ
Ҳ游ȳϣ
游ϧ
䣬ɼǸݴɫǿϱ游ԵĲʵԣһ֤ˡ
ɼҿ죬˰ᦡ
ɺûȥѼң£ôȥѣǲ
ǰޣؼȥ
ǰ޲ϳԷǽȥ˰ǰĸǰ
ڲʲôã
Ůؼ֮󣬳ɺϴҲڶԳɼ˼Ǻޡ
ɺ͹涼˵Ҽҵ£֪ҼҶԲҲֻЊܾҼˣ
źɺͻ˵ʲôһ߳ƽ˵ҸؼҺ󡭡ܲǼ𣿡
ɺͼüĿǽǳɵգٽȥҪŊȥʱĿ֮󣬾ͱ˳
ɺͲ늬ӣͷ֪ҶԲ㣬㡭үүʹˣֻǺͿˣǸɫ޳֮ͽĸȥүүмȫߣƽʱֻ̺ŮͶáôֻܿǰ󣺡ҳɼҾˮ֮УֻԮ֣ҳɼˮҳɼұضû˵꣬ΪܽһūͣˣˣɼԾˣɼ̧ųɼĴȥ̨״أ
ɺѶ˶ˡ
ǰϣסС
ƶ䣬ֹɺûӦҲĸڱˣһˣŮˡ
Ϊʲôץסͣ
̾ɼǸͷûԾ㸸˵ȥھͷˣĸŊļ˵ǼɼѾ˲ͷӵɼ˵ͻͷϡŮ˵Ҫˡ
ˣǼǺ޳ɺɼͷֻøóɺͻɼҵȥ
ﰮĿɵѾͷ´һʼɼҾҪ³ɼͷΪ˳ɼңɼҲһˮõϣȥһҪһĻҵȻȥˡɼҾˣҲǵ£
οɼˡȻ˻
ƻʱǽ࣬æʱ򡣰ǼŸǰؼң̯Ǹ׬һǮҲڴʱˣһ׬˶Ǯ
˶ӵɼһȺ˴㣬̧һ齣һ鲼Ϣȫޡ
̾ͳ˽עĿһˡ
һߵ̨ǰֳǶ˵ˣһЩɼصҲ׷׸һЩֵģע̬ģҲˡ
ɼҵ̨ǰϯضʼűʱֳǷ·ֻʣһˡ
ڹںܿ͵õϢ鷳ǣǱкܶڣȫϰߵĺˣôǵҲĵã˹ͽ֮ܽ⣬ܹùⲱŲҲηˡ
˶ţЩ˾ܹȥˡ
֪ʱЩѾɼˡ̱ӡ
ɼֻڿޣû˼Ҿ˵Щ˵ֳԺж˿м壬ûбͻ
һ˴ǣ취֪ͨ˿ⳡսҪ⣬˿Ĵһߵǡֹģ³ֱģҲǷҪסγͻص㣺ɼǷҪóɼɨء
˿Ժе㲻⡣
ǲ³˭ɼ˺óɼԼ𣿵ȳɼҿһһҹȻȻͻΪɼԩˣ
ҹɫ٣ųǽϺ͹߶޴Ļ档
ͥǰ硣
ɼ˿Ҳǿ޵úвԣȴ˶һޣеڿޣе˾ͣЪЪ
ɥǸ޵ʱǲܽʳˮġ
ʱѾ˻ȥˡ
赹ĶܣڵϵţȿǾ͸Եóɼԩˡ
˿Ա߿ĽƷ١
ųɼһȦΧ۵вֹѶҹ䣬жȥİա
˶൨Ӵ˺»˼ң˲¿֡
Ӱ֮УͻȻ˸ɲƥıȫңƲ
ɺ丸ɲϹǰ棬ϸʬǰͷȥȫӰʲôҲ
ĸС˲¶棡ɲϴ
ȺһҲ̧һӣһˣ¹֫ƺƵ߹ˡ
Ϊһˣǳɺ͵
ɲˡֳ߰꣬ȥȥеĴ඼ܳϹϵĹùü޵ҼңҵүүȢС̡
Ĺϵй׼ҡ
һ˫СŮǺۣǰԵ
ײɷ
ɲϿ˴һۣмŤͷ
ȴϷŹɲϣ˰ŵĵڸ˵ϣɲϣ˭ɲ̧ͷϸϳӳɺ͡
Ŀҡͷĳʶôˡ
Цˮϴɾɺ͵ͷٿɲϲӦ˾̧Ÿ߸˶һϳɺ͡
Ȼϳˡ
ɲսȭͷҧء
˿סɺͣȻ˸סˣ
ڲϣ
ɺΪǱһ󣬵ˣǱǽ죡޲ȥ
ɺҧ̱࣬òס죬һ
СǱҼУСŮұ⣬Ȼʷ룬СŮҲй֮ԵΪʱȡСŮ˵˵棬٩٩̸
ΧȻĻˡ
ѵΪɺ͵游ԾԳɺͼǺǰޣɱΪ游
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
д£ǳɼͷΪˣԼɱǰޣڣ
ûд£Ҳǰ޵Ĵ׵Ǹɼߵ˰
֮ɺǰʵû
ɺĲѣǣҲȥɱ˵ģȥӻؼҵģ
ڽԻȻ
游Ծȥǰ޻ؼң
ⲻ˵游ϱ˲֮٣
ɲͷ裬ӲҶҶҹڼˣ˭ΪҪҳɼңҳɼкγޣ
ɺ;ˣû˶죬󺰣ҡֻȥûˣȥʱ游أҲ֪游Ծ
ɲ˳ɺ͵Ļӻ£Ͳǳɺӭǰ޾һʹˡʱ䷢ºԣڰвݡ
ָңֻǲ֪һҲĿꣿɲ˼գô붼ǵóɼ˳С
ҪڴǰϽѳɼҸ
ϱ۾ȥȥˣͻᱻͬ˼ˣЩ˶ʲôɼʲô
ɼҼУ޹
Ҫѳɼҳ׵ƲɾʲôȸײݺԾɼȫܾίأ
һɣɼҲԾԼң԰һæ
ΪɼҵǼ٣Ҿ𣿻᲻ҲǼٵأ
˭ϵɺ;Ȼû˴кԼܳȥԼ⣡
ɲϺܿ¶ģϳɺͣ
ųɺ͡
ɺʹӸ׵Ŀп˲ᡢޡԹʹϧ
ˡ
ɺͱĿͻȻЦ׼ڣ϶˿ͻȻǰסĿڱ˵ͲҪ
ôһͺǳɺҪηԾһ
˿˳ɲʲôôһ룬ɺ˵ǰ游ţôô˾Ծˣеǰȥ
˿񺮡
סɺͣʲô£ҲܾôѰͰסšλŵùȰѰͽ¿ܰɡ
ҲҪͬ⣬˰ѳɺ͸ϵߡ
ɺͰж˵־飬ͷȥ
˿Ļҡͷ˷һ֮£Ҳһ֮¡һ£̾Ǹ
תͷٿͥǰˮ̬֮
һ
ˣú֡Ĳеġ


435 Ҷ
û, ׼˳ȥ˵Ǳ߳ɼѾһˡ
粻ֹĹһҲ治, ʣǲǹŵģ
ҡͷˡֻȫʹұˣֻǸ⡣Ҫȥ̨, ڼˣҲȥɣʡһȥ
͹ǰųţ滹汻, ҪҲȥֹ
̨нҲעǸ֮ҹ
Ѿϴˣֻ·, ״
ֻҪס̨ļ·Ϳ, нҲ¡
ʣˣ
Ӿǰͷͷ˵ԡʵǳɼ̫ˣҲ֪ǼڼʲôȻˣǾֻӦƶΪ, Ȼһٶ˥ߣǲһֱʢĺĵġ
ȥˣڵȹͬʱ˰ѽͽʱ˶Ҫڽ̨ϵ
ͽܿ쵽, ˶˵˹ǰ¡
㣬ЩҪҪץһ
ȵķġˣΪɼҵ˶Ŷ롰áˡ
Ǹϲ
ץǾץɡ
㶼ͬˣͷԸǳȥˡԱһֱͷ˵뻹ǰˣѴץˣӦöԩĳӿݴȰܵõӵľ
Ϊʲôôأ
뺦
ݺҪҪѴأ
һʱΪ֮У̧ͷʱǰʿѾȥץˡ
̨ĹǰѾһࡣ
ǳɲȶ֣Ȼʾɼӵһ֣ȴˣһ߲ܸɵǴһ߻ҪԼڣԱһս
ųԱСŽ̨ʱԹⲵ⸱ѿӣ
ݣͬҲֲǡܲĵô˵Ѽ˽˵ɣǻҪҪˣ
Цɲǣ
ҡͷ̾
˵ĳʻȥͼֱ߹һڶ࣬һֻˡ
ͣãҲˡ
ȥǱʲôˣʲô
ǰС𣺡ҵڹǰֹŵˡ
䣺Ǵ
Сȴժ¥
ÿ·ȥɡ
ʿڵĳͥǰֵ˶ˣҪߡ
׷С֪ҪЩȥδ
Сڹǰңʵ̫ûйˣȷ¡ʱҹǲ͵ȥֻʱڴ˴
ǰһָǰĹ㳡Χһ˨ʯӳ
̫ˡ
СǴЩ档
С֪˭ԥƬ̵ȻˣĳҲ˹ӣˣĳȽȥʹ˵
˵վ˰ȫܲһڵϣΧΧϿţСֱȥˡ
ɲϻͷģϻ˿ڡ
̾˰Ѱųɼ̧Ȱɲϣ㸸αػ˼裿
ʬڴ֮ͥ£Ҫǰһ׮Ѱףһ˵͵ųˡ
ɲô˵Ǻ޵£쳤𣺡ҳɼԩ
һɼӵܶſ޺˱ţǴðģǷ׷׿ʼ޵ӡ
һ߼ˣɼ಻ɺȲޣ󲻾ˣɼҼҽ̣Ϳʼɳɼ浽ôԾġΪɺǾ仰˶ˣʱүүɻء
һֻẰԩһʼָɼҴϵȫ֮
Ͼ˴ʶ꣬ˣ˭һû±֪أ
޺ԣöˣͿʼԽԽ֮£Χֲ֣ò֡
֮ǰɼһŶŵ֮ﶼܿˣϾǸһ壬ܻҶվȥһ㶼ˣױΪһ֮ѣ͵òʧˡ
㿴ԽԽʣԱȰȰֻ֮ȥ
ˣ˿
˿ˮҲû÷ţߵĳɺͣҲһռ˵ģߵеýζе¶Ӷ񣬻û뵽ּΪ飡ۣгӦڡ
˿ͬɺͣһԣЩ
ɺͳû˿һѵɡ
˿ҡͷͣδؾ͵˾·
ɺѾԼƻʲô˵ûţҼڡѾ״Ӯһˣǰ޵ļ岻ô;Գɼ֡
ְѵݵģôֱܹͱɼң
˿˵û㵱ʱû뿪Լʲô³
ɺ鲼ŵүүһϰǸµͷˡ
үүԾģ棬ڼҡԸүүȥ
ǰڼңҪԾĻһүүˣүүŲò
ܡ˿һ˿ͨ͸̵˵Ծ游ԾǲһġԾ㸸ʹϧֹһӣҶЩͬ飬Ҫϵġ㸸ǲϵ£Ż游Ծɥ㸸⡣ԹֻΪɥӷɥģ
˿˵꣬ɺѾʲôҲ޷֪ˡ
˿£Ĺ
ɺͣû˳ɼңﻹҡ
˿ϥǰ۳ɲǱߣ˵ͣ游ΪѳɼҵϣĶУĶܾȳɼңԲԸأ㸸ʧȥĿиĶ𣿡
ɺͱ˵ˣղųɲϿиӡ
ˣϧԼĸȴ
˿һ仰˳ɺѰͷɼңﲻ´ˡ
ɺͿʼûӦ˿Ǵֵܳպ׹ˣʱͷ㲻ƭң˿ͷԣ
ɺʹߵҷŵҵ
˿㡭
ɺͣҲѰҪȥȰҵ
ɲ촽ѣͷۻܵ¡µĳɼӵбضҡ£ɼӵû֧ţֻ»̱
Ū˵زġ
ڡ
ߵĿЩΧ۵ˡ
֮󣬳ɼһ
˵гɼ
죬ڲ֪У㳡ǰͥѾΧˡ
ѾʱΧ۵˲ŷԼȫɭϵʿǼ⵶ףɱڡ
Ϊһϣ֮꣬ȴ˻֮ʦ
Χ۵˿ʼ󽫾ıûǰΧֶ
˷֡󽫾°ǹġ
󽫾Ȼ롣
ڲͬϰ߰
°̧ͣͷϵɫ֪Ҫֵˡ
ɼҵҲˣΧ۵Ҳ˵ˣ㳡һʱ֮žˣֻеͻȻϷĽ̨ʮ˸߾ٻѽ̨ӳһ㡣
Ȼ󣬴̫Ӽˡ
ɲϱĳɼӵѣͿͷϵ³졣
ˣˣ
㳡Ⱥ鼤
˿һ˶ＸߵɺǱ˵ڣȥ
ɺæл˿Ƶ˳ɼǶ
ɺǰɲߣСУ
ɲϵͷɺͣŭӣҪаТľ͸ȥ
ɺһǿŵ˿˵ԳɼΣ
ɲϵжһģе㰲ο棿ɺͣģ˿ô˵ģ
ǰڳɼұҳô£ʱ¶УܷŹɼ
ɺͣҼҷıͲǴ±Ǽҵضˣ
Ǿ˶ȳɼҸɣ


436 ˶Ƥ
컹û, ֳѾˡ
̨İ·еѾǳǻԸԸĲò, ˳̨̨ǰ
ǽʹΧ̨ЩӿĳͰ̨µˮйͨˡ
, ֻͨͨ, Ҳֻ档
ʵгϢС
̨ϵĽڴ˯Ͷ󼦵ƽ
СȰ裺ԺȲţ˴ǡط
̨, ˼, Ǵ㽫ıĵط
ʱϷ֮, ൱ûˡ
õúܣøýС˵ƽʱ, , ҲǷֱĴԳԺȺȡ
ͦȰ, ҲȤ, ҵ¸ɡ
Զ, ¿ȫˣһȦˣһȦǹ, ⻹һȦˣＷͿˣ컹Ǻڵģֻϡȥȥ
̨Ϸ󣬽Ƥã̫Ӷϣͯڽűߣס̫ӵĽţ庮
·ɲװ裬һ˼һ½Ҫô졣
ȣǲϵġ
ڲѾһҵˡ۳ɺͣĬһ̾ȥ常ҳɼԸģ֣֮̌ҳɼһ·
ɺһʱû׹ɲһһʹɫɺ;Ͷˣȥǰ
ɺԥһ£Ӻ˹ȥǱǰߣС˵
ǰɵһۣ̾Ȼˣͱȥˡ
ɺͲ⣺ǴӦˣҲûȥס
ǰЦˣѵ˵ʱҸͷһҪ򵥵㣬굽ҼңҾʶ㣬ҿʮ꣬Ǹ򵥺ӣŰъ޸㡣û£͊һܹƶ
ɺҲܻͷ
ˣԽ򵥣ԽΪģʲô¶Ǳô˵ţ붼롣
ɺͱоȻӣҲԹѵ
ǻǣʱҪɱˡֻ뵽ҪάɼңȴˊִȢߵңɱ²й٣ɼԤҪôһŮ˵ǲģôͣϷͽڼˣ⣬αģˣȶˣôֳǵģ
ɺͱʵƿԣֻ˵ҶԲ
ǰ̾ڸʱҲûаֳ
ɺãȻ̧ͷ
ǰЦ㸸˵ĶڼСˣ˵˶һٻȥ㸸ҧС˸򵥣Ǵųɼϴ򵥣
ɺˣĿѡ
ǰԣͱȥˡȥҪˣҾ͸˵ˡôԼһ뵱ɺͣ뵱Сˣİɡ
ɺͻǰһжĲʵһ
һҪȥסɺ˵
ȥȥɡǰ˵Ѿһҵˡ
ɺҲףܲڼʱվ档»ȥ
ɺͻȥԳɲ˵˵ֻҪ¹ϴС
ɲϵͷĶԳɺ˵úӣȥֵЪһЪɣһΪȥ
ǡɺ͵Ӧţصֵмȥ
ֵһ𣬿׷ױܿ
ɺҲ⣬һ£һؾҪȨˡֻҪΪɼҺãҲ⡣
ǰøҲôġ
졭
Զ游ͣϵİ鲼紵죬滹ʯѹסǡ
εεȿЦεȿɱ
游ǰֻ벻ô³
游ϺͿ游Ŋļ޸ʱͿЦ˳游游дº󣬊ʰϳͻȥˣ游ȻÊ˵ģĻܱǸ˵ԷŵòŮպ󊬶ٻĳˣҪòơ
ɺ游뿪ʮ󣬲Ѷ游дʫ͸ڣԲţʫд˺üˣű˷֣š
ʱ߳ܣ־游ĳ̬ʮʹ죬񱨳һ㡣
û뵽»ᱻ˸浽ǰ
ɼ֮֡
ǺͰһֳǵ֮һ߰꣬
֧ϵǧ
ҴŽգò˳ֹѲ飬뷭ǽ˶ߡ
ЩƵģһȺһȺһ˵
ʲôϵһҲԹ
һӣִżѲӣ;һСԺʱģͻȻ
һҽȥ鿴תͷˡ
ǰǡɥǸġ
ǲģġ
ӣԼµĴԼȥճ˵
ӵͷСֶĴСֶ֪ҪСֶһСֶҲϧ
˵˵ӲȻˡ
ӵĸȻˣƲезū͡ĸڸȥͻؼȥˣڶĸݻڡ
ʮ壬׽ֱֻ塣СʱǸ忪ʶ֣ҲȢޣҵ
ϲǸˣֻһʱΪʧѡ
Ȣһޣ޴һòڣһŮĸŮΪơ
һգ˾ƣϷ֣ŮͻȻ˽ͷĿƣŮҲңʱȾɫͱ˱ˣ㽫ŮƲǰֹ䣬þƺͷһʱŭŮ
֮뿪ˡ
Ȼһ£һʲôҪŮСúúҲͰˡ
ŮĸײԼ裬ԾǰԽ𵶴͸Сɼȡ֮
±·ˡ
һһŮѵܿͷ
ֻ֮ܲ
º⳥޼ң޼Ҽ˾ԭֶӰٰἰŮҲֻʹܡ
֮ӴŮԺ־ӣȻһסţȴһڶߣһߣ˹棬Ȼһ궼һء
ֻԺǰͷʰŮӸ
ӵŮܸŮӳˣȻټˣֵܶüǳͬĸãĸҲˡ
ԼĴȥֻۣ˵Ӽҹɭϣ־壡
ѾȥʮˣȻ˽ҷ֪ðˣܵǰһ״
Ӻ޼˴ˣȴ취ûС
˵涼ˣҪǼҵȥԱһ¡ӣȥɡ
ӲȥȻûԸͷȥ
ҪߣҵƺµˣľͿסֻȵʱͰƳȥ
ǰԱӻûɼͻȻôһͰƵ˵ز
Ӹǽ˰ҹ콫ʱһ̾һӡ
ȥɡ
塭ӿ޵
ԼĴҪԼճ˵Ѿʮˡ
ƿԡ
뿪ǰȥӸ𣬻˵һȥ룬ֻҪӿ˵֤˵ǶĸŮǼ֢Ĳˣ
ǰӾܲţź˵ūūʾ
𣿡
ӵûһգҵ۾һֱڿҡ
ң
ˣǸֽҡ
Ůأʲô֣
ֱϳ벻ʵˡ
ΪʲôҪأҵ£ӺҶˣʲôϵأ
ֻ½Ҫˡ棬͵͵ȺС
ʱһ֮ʿǰʳɼǲǼг¡
ɲϴ˵ҳɼҰ
˾Ͱʮ״˵ж˳һΧ֮˵һ顣
ӷˣȺ˿Ӧ˵顪͵һҳ˰
ǵ˵֮ʱͷ߳ȥƵ˵Ҿӡ
һȻ
ӣֻСŮǼ֢ҵղСŮºŵ֪ĸʳͻ񼲣ڶ֪˹
ĿӴˣԲǴеСŮǶ񼲡˵СŮܣǰ֪֪࣡Ҹɥĸټޣ󣬴СƬиӳ׺󣬷޶޳ּϸҼΪޣУŲõġ
󷽣ʵڲһ׼֮ͽ


437 Тȫ
һ, Լףʱճ, һЩҲ˹ǾûĻֻ, ٿվ, Ѿ˷ˡ
Ҳ˽̨ڹֲһų·Ѿɫĸѧһ顣
Ǹ˲šЦ
ղŽȥ³˵㶫˾鶺Ȥ, ǵһô𴲣̨ųɺתףҲ档
ô˵, 󵨷ԣǸ˰ɣ
ǰ˵ͷԣǻ۵ĻˡޱĻ˸ץסָ̨£ȺѾ˿ʼˡΪǾû˻᲻ҳ֣ˣҲػηڿһҲβ, ǾͻΪ˵ʵŵġ
ţѵ°ռ۶סѧ
˵ץס, Ͳڣֱɱ
ԣϲ޵ȷŴкң񣬻ǶԼߵˣ򵥵İ취ɱ
Աʵ̲סĴᱻ󵼣ĹԴػġ׳ŵ˵ԩأɱ˾Ҳˡ
Ҳ˵ôӦԡ
Խֲ˵θУȻҲɵ˵ҪѴøˡ
˵ˡȻȷʵ񫣡
һ£ʱԵ̫ӣǲẦģﵱ˴ʲô
ٵʹ򣬻ҪȷĲܸ߽㡣
ԺЦ⣺ȣλڹġвλøܵܣλøֵֶôһĹ£βᣬλǸͨʧãã˺ˡ
Ҳ˵λ԰պͲ³ˣߣߵԶһ㣬˶ҲǰλĴݴгɵأ˼ټˣʬ
Ȼ뿪³̨뿪˼ǣ˴һվɡ
Ǻǵܡ
ͻ룬ǽȥ̫ô
ɵҲ֪ѧʱõöֱ࣬ʶö࣬дҲ࣬ҲÿǴơ
ʣ֪ʲô̫ӣ̫ӣĴ㵱̫ӣԺҲҪġˡֱԣôֻ̫ӻ졣
˸սĽºĽ㡣
³̨ǽ㣬Ҫ˭˭ͻǴʵɲġ
ֻǱһлͷĵŬһѣ޿ܣҲʹͷ
Ȼ󣬶̫Ŀǰҡ
飬Ż֣Ϊ̫Ȣ֣ŮֵܶȢ֣ŮΪޣҲƵһ׮ѻ
ܿͱ˴ǸҲòϵȥϵŸ
Ϊ֣ڵʩѾЩˡ֣Ϊ³磬Ǳָ󣬵ûǣϣҲ齫֣ͻ֣Ϊ֣Ϊ顣
֮ǰ֣˵СˣҰ֮ʲôģʹŸϵ˿ˣڵϹ䶼֣֮ǣ
Żˡ
𴺻﷢ӣۣݵС˼ͷҪϣȻѾ³ͰԼ³˿Ҫ֣ˣ֣һж޹ء
ҲѾףζӡϲȴŮ֮顣СǺҲ֪Լ᲻ٰʲôˣҲȥˡ
Ǻܺõһԡ
дȴûӡ㵽ڶûҪҸӡ
﹬г澣ȴֻǹŮŮٶǣĺӣҲһ͵˹˼˹Ů
˵ЩӿԴ£ʱڹеְΪ̴ӣŮΪŮɲţԴΪ٣սڴʲôգŰ졣
ӿԵ٣ŮͿϧһ㣬Ҳа취
ΪڹŮҲ˽˵ŮȻԵ٣Էְʵְֻ»
ľҪͽǼŮʲôλѡ׸
˵
֮Щ˶ΣǹúòС
Խȴ޷ӣҲΪԽ㡭
˵˵Ҳе룬ǾҪúǲķ˴ģǲôƱ綼ûá
ֻ½һУô˵˿ıԶǣʧˡ
˼꣬ϲ
˵գڽļġ
Թһ㣬ԹⲺһ㡣⼸һֱŹѹⲼܿˡⲵһû״ڶúõѴ̫ӽ̺ˡڴ֪ζԴ̫ӣ̫Ҳ֪̺
Ҫ˵ԸѾˣ˼άģʽҲˡ
Ȼֱߵ˼άǺܴơֻȡԴΪ仨ʱڸӵĹϵ˷ʱ侫ֱӹԴԴ֪ԾǶԣǴûмѡȻԵ˹ڹִԴ˵ִѼܴȱ㡣
ǴѶϣԽԽ࣬Խ࣬Խѡ
պзģҪҪҪô֮ǰֻҪܷķģһس˼ʱԽãԽԽ
һֱҰĻ͵һԽͽﵶĵزôԼҰģôѰԼλãҪ˫ӮΪȡʤñǽ壬óġ
ôɱأ䲻ΪҰĶɱ
ҲҪλʵһôҪ
ҲغĹԿ̫ʱҲ̫
ԽͽλϵƣֻҪ³֮ˡֵ¸ʮλҲͳ³ʮꡣʮ꣬ܰ³ʲôأ
Ĳ˵֣ǱռŽƬ̼뿪֮ǲǿԡ
̨ͻȻĴ̨սĶ¿
ôˣʡ
æ˵˴ӡ
Ҳܾˣǿ𣿡
ҡͷʼѧ
ɲ϶ܿ˹ʮңӵȻҲܿɲϲͬɲֻԼժѱ˼Ҷժ
ǣ˵ɱܣ˵캮СˮУֳȥ˾ȵܵܲûãǹģô˵˼ǹأֵͬܣͬĸֻΪ鱳ûеܵܶɱܵܣҲ̫ˣ϶ģ
˵ǽУѶӴֻǴʱأο֮󵱸׵Ҳʹ˺ܾãдʫӣɼڹ֮ģôһӵĸأ
ǰ涼ã˵ϱΪϱж񼲲Ż޹ʱͱ˴ˡ
ĲˣȻǸϱɷ
һˡ
˿֮æֹסˣҲ֮ȭ˱ס˲٣ӵҲˡ
ҲѧգżҲ轣ԣ岢ҲǸӵȭûам֮
˿ٲӾҪˣǰˣʲôʲôʲô
ΪʲôˣȻߡʿˣȻйߣֻСϾѣ׷
ϣ˵ţġĸףȷʵڼʱٰӣū£ҹЪȾԾʾס
ؼҺȻţ״ĸΪӱ𣬱ĸȥ޼Ը
ȴܿҪӵü޸
ֻô޻ؼңʱʹһߣĸ˵̺Ͷūͣĸ˵ڼҼįͽĸţĸףĸ׶ߣ޶۸͵飬š
ʮȻСìܣТаĸӣȴȫˣ㡣
һǰӻؼң糿ȴĸ״϶ţΪĸ׵ӲТȾֶУޡ
ôͣĸĵ޺Ųݣϵ׻ĸףӹҡ
Ҳ費ԸҲԸˡ
ֻӡ
ʱգѾѶŮٺˣǰ
֮ȫ֮ʣǰôܶܣվڽ̨£̨ϵĽ˺˵գӽ;
˿ס֣
ˡ
滮Ѫ˳صĵ˵ϣ鴤κ


438 ޷
Ѿ, ̨ǰȻˮйͨԽԽ˺ͳӿ
ֻһ仰Ҫ˵Ӱ
䲻òʱӳ, ̨Χж·ϵĳǣߣ˭˵ҲУ
ҲԽԽ, , ֳǵİձҲмֵɫԾһĻһٽ
˵ûˣݣľ, ֳʷΪģպڡ
ŵĸҲˣӸղž͹ŵʬǰ, ˵ĸףȴһϸҲĿСüһ˫۾Ҳ, ͷҲǺڵģףܿͲС, ͻݷ飬ɼʱǺεȵļ˾ɫ
˵Űϱ£֮һ˶ῪʼĵɣΪ˵ϱãá
ſ˰Ҳû֪Ǹģ߹Ҳˡ
ͦôġƽʱ򽻵ĶӣҲͷ˭ȥעһѾӵŮأ
ķһ
Ҳţصǣ֮ǰֻŰϱǸͨ˵;Ȼ˲ԣ̸֮Ǹϱʮǲϱʲô£һ㶼˵ǱӰģ˵ˣǾһ²֪Ϊʲô˵͵飬һ͵ˣֻûץס
ǵΨһĹˣҲв١
ôҳϵˣΪģҲԸ˵ľȥǮ˵ͻں޲Ҳû취̲סȥġ
Ĵ˻ЧҲζҵ壻һҲûܿ͸ԼĿУЧˣˣ˰ֲġһЧˣһȥģЧϴϴģȴԼҵĿꡣ
ܴΪͬŮ˲ûûиĸˣڼ˺ֻԷΪңңնҪˡ
ûգֻɷУֻܳΪķˣҲֻ֪ķˡ
ԽŴ
ͶΪĸϣʵôҺͷҶܾҹϵҲܺãһ˾ôʣδ޵Ůء
ɷҪļޣҲҳ׶Ͼϵ
ȻȻΪ١
ļ䴫ңҲ˵Ǵͳ佫ҡǰ³־ҪѽԼĵиϸɾҲɹˡ
ļҾͳ׾Ͻ֮·
ļӵֻȥһɡֳǲ轫ְĳҪİļһģн֣ȥӵܶǷϱ
̵ġ
ڸǸɻھǳ˽ˡ
³ĴûпսĳȴʱʱֵìܣʲôëƤ¶пһܡ
ΪϻһȾƣ㱭ľõҽϵģҲΪʮǰһͬ棬˵һʲôʲôһֱھ㱨ˣ
ȫ˽˽ԹرСۡ
ʱȴرҪضòˡ
翪սǰȶǴͳеĴͳҲǸǵһ̴֣һףû˸ֳָ֮ĳϷһȴ˵ʲôʡҪģ֮ء
ΪӮˣʱԷֱ˱ֻҪټһͷöߣٵʤ
֮ڶϵġӴְҲǸǵؽ֮һ
ڸǵıͲͺܴˣǰʱŸ㵽һȽϿɿ֣һ֮£֪ЦǸЦΪǳǳ
꣬عƱʮϣʮϻ͵Ĵռһ룬ںǱΪʲôôԣΪϴʧһ˹
뵽ﶼҪЦˣ
ʣµĳǣһأнɵĳУǧһǧλ
кܶмˡ
֮ʱֿսȥЩǶƽĳ嶯
ô٣ǵȥշ
һ£ùϢٶͳȥ
һͶǹνǸСҵôȻһ̾ʽûˣɸϼפǸȥɣ
㣺˵ʲôţɣ
ܳʵʣ򣿡
Ǹرж٣Ƕһɡ
͵ͷ
㣺ڹǰ͸Ϣȥ׼׼ˣǸǹҪһˡ
ҡͷ𣿡
㣺ʡҡͷ䲻𣿲Ƕ˼һʱǮĺá
ȻôһӹȥѳŻġ
Ա߻΢Цģо顣
ЦĳЩ飬ǰ˰ʱġĸҪǮˣǰʾһ£ȥǮʱ˼Ҳ׼ˡ
˵ķˡ
ɷĸܺã࣬йӣֻһ˻ʣһһŮزˡ
ŴСɼмҽ̵գ岮ɶ飬ʮһҾڼҽͬ£Ÿͷȥˡ
ΪҪ絣ҵ൱졣
һֻؼһΣǹʱ
Ϊĸ׼̫٣ڼʱʮТ˳ĸ׵ĻһӣҲķ˿кȢˣȢԺڼס¾ͻȥˡ
Ӵ֮󣬷޶˺ʮֶ
ǰ޵ĸӦ൱õģдǰ޵žͿԿóֲࡣ
˵ȣڡ͵һź󶼳ԾˣԴŵÿһţȫǸӵġ
ҡ
˵ţõ¡㺬ЦԼ¸дţӾԼš
ֻС޵ʱжȡ
۽䣬ϺڣȴѾ͸ˡ
氡ִñдţŮظ֣ڿ㣿һоûˡ
ڹŴһ£һܰǷҵ˿
˲ˡ
һ꣬˳ף룻ڶ꣬ط꣬£˼Ũ꣬Źңֻһ߱ʬס
ʵ˶֮޵û΢ǵģķܺã˵һ֮Ͳסįһ룬ķֻǡ
ķΪԼҪ϶⣬Ϊع϶¶ϱԾȻϧȴ˾ǹġ
ŴӴ˾ķԶˣķ˶ӱذȴʮ䵭
˵ݴŹҺ˵Ϊ͵鱻ֶԾţķָ˵ģԸӻҲԸȥ
һТ޻£ȢӾֱӴˣÿ궼ŹʮİӣҲŮ
ȥ֮Ի޶һΪֳǵָıѾ棬ѺӴúֳǳкԽѧպ˵ϵֳŮŮҪö࣬ҲŮֳѰԵá
ҪӾͲԼˣ˵ٺúӺߣӻҪһߵģȴ˵ôˣ˵ҲˣҪʵڲģһסˡ
úܺã˭ϻһ죬ķ˿ûһ⣬תһͱأ
˵ŰѶиˣɴ͸пŵ岮Ů͵޼ҡԼԾˡ
ҵĴˣ֪̫ϸˣһš
Цŵͷ
ǰ޵·ˣĥ޻ڣ˼ˡ
еѹһԼˡ
ǰĸףˣ˻Ҫ
ֻȥˡ
ȶԣǸķ˵Ǳŵʺá֮װȻ֣ݺڽ̨£˵Ҷ֡
ڴԼ𣿡
ܡһѪŮˣΣͲôĥԼĶӣǰԺ͸ˡ
ķˣҶǱɱˡǶϱԾģūȾǱۿġ
ȻĶҡˣģ
εЦһ£ٿԵˣв¶ɻ
ʱͿ˵һ仰ˣ۸˲˵
۸˰
һֱɱ£ΪԺ󣬾޷Լˡ
ŵǰԾˣ¾͸ǹ׶ˣԾˣǰ֤׵Ҳ׷ˡ
ȥ
ȥ󣬽棺𣿡
ҡͷҲʡ˵˵ʲôҪҪġҪͷѡ
һղŽ˵Ļ׹
ֺ̱˳
ɣ
Ȼɣ
վķǰ˵Ķ滰𣿡
ķϻᣬǡ
ûаԣ
ķˣǡ
ɸҷģ
ķˣūūģаԡû˵꣬Ϊֹ
Ȼҷģ͵Ůȥɡ˵Ůǰף
Ȼ󣬲ķٶ˵䣬òڵƮƮ˹ķ˷ϣˡ
ʣҪףգ

Ϊֹ˵
̨ϵȫɫֻ΢ЦŮǺεȵңﻹ̣ʳ̺򣬴ķ˵ġ
ȥŮߴΡ룬˵ʵ̨ĹƯôһ룬ķŮסȷʵίͷá
ķҲŮ˳򣬵ǰ㲻塣
ڳԣǣ֣ʮ˵Ӧֻ߽֮ǰ񣺡Ҫڴ˼ղܻȥҶɥ£
ǣߣһ˳ȥˡ
ķͣ½ŲŵЩߴץסߡ
һʼ˻ۿűϽĹԽԽߣҲɵ÷ߺ
ԱߣʡЩʯںúܣȥġ
ʮ̹ǣЬˣĥˣָҲץˣóѪ
ңǲץңļˣ
ң
ҶȻһϣһ
ң
Щ˰һߣƿһţ˽ȥһֻתխҡ
ˣһ˿ҲʧˣһƬڣҵ·ŵλã
ң
ң
һ֮ĵطֻԼ졣
վǰԸ̣һһͷһˮɱˣҲϧⶼء
̶ǹ˳ļҵҲ˵Եӷİɡ
ֻġһЦ


439 ԽԽ
ķ˱ȥ, ̨ǰȻȺ鼤ŵԾǰʹ
һ, ǸصӺ, ӣǹ׶ˣ
ڶŴӿ϶Ǹˡ
ʱǼ򵥴ֱ߼ҲǺܿɰġʬǻͣŴνһٰʬȥ, Ѿкü˳ˡ
Ȼ, ıԱ߿, ҲֻһеڶҲֲ㣬ԲŽֳ˼ٴ
֪̫ʹ򣬻ÿ, ֮, Ȼ˴, ˻ѵģȻ˵ˣվ
, úţҪˡһ˰סӣʹɫ
ֻ۾, Ͳ۾гһ, ŬҲʾ, Ҫװˡ
Ǿؿڵˡ
̨ϣһָͼҲ˰Ӹ롱ˡ
ǹȥģͺŵİӸܵеĶֳϣСˡ
ԣ
йķˣѾֱ˴ߵĶȥܷģֻΪʲô˲
Цǿǹ֣ǵǰʿǰʿΪǴȥˣ׽á
һӾЦˣһξµҲͦöԸġ
Ȼĵһֱʿһ쵽ۣ˵ʲôܲ³ʲôˡ
٣еԱ
죬һηЩҲûôʵҲܺƭ
Ǵ˵;η㣬ǶԵġ
¡·ʲôһΣȻ˵оˣ
ϸסģһվ
̨µ˶ǣʿӹҾأǹߵס
һܼ򵥡ĻĶǰȥȺĳ
һգϧŴˣ˲ļҴ£ٵ̨ǰԱ磬ߣηۡ
һʣ¼ҴͷĶͷˡ
ǳ£ѾܶˣǲڵϱȺ֮˭֪һ磬ģҲ
ΪܳɼҵۣȻǽڽ̨µŰȥ˵Լҵ˽£ôأ
ڶգ̨ˣǵġһѻ¾ͳɺ¡
ǶûԾɹеǲڲˣ¸ֱӱǰʿˡ
ȻҲԸȥģҲûɣϸֻһʱ˵ڵء
ӪҲһʱˣѡʮ֣һڹзһֹЩԾ
Ȼһץȥˡ
һӢۣĶˡʲô¶ǵһֵǮ
Щ˱Ƴֵģ˽˹Ҳû˳ҡ
û뵽⻹û꣡
ܿ죬ԽӲϣףּҲɰ⼸ҵĳץ˹
һȥЦеߣȺצұߣмǸǼʮλӡ
ͷǣȿ֪
µ˶ˣԱᣬǲ뿪ҲҪġ
ǡЩµĲФ֮ǰܵǰ
̵ϾҪ衱ȥ
ԱЦ˵ȡˮ
˾ˮڱˣѺס˵ļ͸첲ͷ죬˾Ͷ롰Сι˳һЩ
˾̾ҵǺšѡˡ
˺͸ղûü赹˶Ŀ¶׹ĵɹ㡣
رĵʣڹɺãڹǧҪΪﲻФԼ
ڹǺ첱Ӵ֣ɳƺ˵˵ڼûвФ㣺أ
ڹ
㵱ƣ޵ڹ壡
ұרʿڶ˿Ĵ·׷׵ڹ壡
ڼͥδ٣
ڹڣ赣ǣ
ڹԼƵﻢ£˺ֱƹ㣺С˵ڼʲôФ˵
㣺ڼܵܣĸ׷ͺڷ׵ܲþТѵ𣿡ڹں⣡ǿܵû˿ܵرˣŹȥģʯͷ˲ˤȥᣬһӻˣܻȥˣˣ
˵ˣ
ڹˣ
㣬ڼϣʰ˱С꣬ȴѾᱳˣĳȥԼӾҪܵܳڼһѡܵܵ峤˺֣ѵܵƵġ֮ǰܵԼãڳر߼棬ѵܵϲֻ͸ܵܣܵܲű̺ܿˣԼһ˹ȥġ
ڹɳڵƤⶶҵͷ˵Ǻ˵
㣬ڼ׿˵ġѺڣǰ˵ܵܣںڼҡ
ڹ˽ֻͣ˵˵˵
ؽڼϵԳ£ѾʼڹڹûѵȺǣֲһ裬ֻñ첻˵
Ҳ˵ԼԱ˵֣ڼڼ¶ڹ磬תڹкμ⣿
ڹֻüĿ
ҷֹ˺ҪĶЩ̨˿ܹ̣ܶѵ¶һһ¶ˡ
мңǰ£ţҡ
⼸Ȱǰң㡰͡
ҪʲôӼӼˣҲʡðѼˮ
˵պ󴫳ȥɲ٣ֻҪﴫһûˣ
ڹǱˣĦȭ׼һңտȥˣ
պǰˣĸ˵һ˵
һ裬ͽ赽ȥˡм˸ȥڡ¡ȫ˿ڣԼҽӲϣԸϷ
͡䡱ˣһ֪ͨ͸ĲǴ֮֮Ļ֮⼸ҾͶ˿
ϵʼʣ¼ȷģ˵ˡ
ǸģѾ˵ģʱȫˣȻҲû˵ԭ
󡱵˵ֶҲѧڹ۱͵Լʲô֪һ˸ʹ졣
꣬תͷԽ˵ѵʾ
š̨ʡ˵ʱҲֲᷢ¡ûЩ塢Ƥޡǣ״ӣܴöأ
ţ
򲻶ԣ
µȴϾͷݡץסˡ
֮£ĴǷԼ˵ˣںڣŴûüڣͰƵʱƤ޵ȥˡ
㡰һšһ죬ЦȻЩҲ»Ȫˣǻʲôã
ãȻáҪ֪ūǹ֮ҲҵȨ֮һ
ȻʱˣǵﻹڰǾͱūȻ˵ʱǵĴǾͿ϶д
һɹӣһͿءЩսսϵˣ߸˵Ļؼȥˡ
º󣬰ǲŵ֪һʱ죬жץסᣬһȺūͶǵ
ɶ񰡣
һЩûĵļһ
ŭ˴Щ˼УЩ˼ҵȫ˳Ȼ˵ūû˵弸ˣ
Ǿȫɡ
֮󣬴ֽѵ⼸ңÿζǽйֵյЩ˼ҵǰǵĵвأǼźС檴ˣĸӵŮ˵ȵȣʲô¶óһ
ֻǶ֣Ȼ˹ģҲʵڲ˵ĴΪЩ¶д÷ǳãһǹֱʣ˶֣
ʱ⼸ǰѾ˸ҾˣǼſڵ·մۻࡣ
ժǹУΧŻ¯˴ݸ䣺ȣź
䲻ͷҪȻǾĸԸѧ
鷳ľЩͣҪԼѾˣҪЩ취˵
䣺ʲôѵģȷ๤һصģðˡǾˡ
ϣٺúý̵һǾͻѱˡ
ǹ롰û뵽İ취ſھ˵һڡ
ԽԽˣҲԽԽˣ³ԺҲԽԽõġ
һж̫ˡ


440 ̨
̨зˡ
ݴ, ͳһεԼһɽ֮, ɽ, ɫȻһֻë, ǰ, ౶
, ͽ˷̨
ۼ̼ͳ֮󿪴һʢԷ̨Ϊ۳ǡ
ݴ̨ɽӺɽ룬ʻ, ˼ɵ, µһĵط
ȥ̨, 鴫
Ҳһ߰ĺϴӹڴ, ·Ĺ˹ŮȫϰΪˡ
һ¹̣ݳųӡ
ӹг, صλɽ
סų, ѾʮˣϵƤȻ۵˼ˡ
ݹмշ˵Ĺ˵ͳշ˲
շ˳֣Ů, Ϊּø裬ϸʤѩòڡ
ۣøߴȵʱͼΪȵۣʳݳȵ۱裬ǹȵ۳֮ʱȵϷȵ۴Сʶֶǳ̵ֽ
ȥȵ۵ǻԲϳޣв۷׷ףȵ۴ŭԡ벻˭£ΪС˻һд󻩣ȵʱܹĶĥѣ۲ϲʺҲϲȵֻۣгһֱȵۣΪ˹ִһŭ˿ɽ⣬ȥϳ˭鶼Ͽͣʹޡ֮ȥЩ˾ǽܣܶԽָֻţվԸޣ
ǹϢȰȵ˽ץ˷ųҲмѾܲεĿųʱһʬˡ
˸ṫ֮£һֱס˷̨
ȵۻʺȥ󣬹һ߸һ߷ȵۡȵڵʮʱݱȥµگУдģȥԺ˭볯Ϊѣʵ۲ãзϵȨ
گӴ˵춨˳ڷ̨ϵĵλ
еɼʻСˮΪϲ̫ʱȥ뿴ˮӣʻľϪעˮ빬ˮͨˮҹ
ǸողŻϵģ֦ʻˮ飬硣
ͻߵĹŮ˵εĵûĵãĻʥϿ
ŮͰһ˿֯ɵ˿ϵڻ֦ϡ
վԱߣЦϿɫǶһȦ治ǿס
ЦŵͷŻ˿úܡ
ŮϿڳͷϣʻֻ֦аյ
ⱻһĻһףΪڳͷϴ졣
еĹŮ˶׷׳⻨ʺϴڳͷϡ
㣬⻨ųڷ̨תһȦÿϲ£ҲҪ¡
ۺȵĹʱ³߽ȥǰĬĬһ
һӣˡһĸףһĵܵܡĸװ䱦ģĵܾܵ񾴰ĸס
˶뿪ˡ
һ˫ۺ׵뿪ˡ
صƣϣŮȥȥ㻨ϲְ˸ߺ󣬽ˣ½Σ˵½վܺã졣
ϲǾͺãǾͺãûзɣ˵ͷǶܴ飬ûǱ·𡣡
̾ǰҵģãҲܰġ
˰οйڣô᲻ã¾ŹϻʲôҪأ
ҡͷ㲻ҽ궼ˣ֪ʲôʱҪȥ͸ʡԺ󣬱ô죿ҵİô죿
˲ҳ⣬ֻܵͷ
૵Ҫһ԰ˡ
ڶ죬˻Ƽһ꣬칫ｫëëѡһ˽ʥ
Ժ󣬲ϣʥϻǲڣǻǶſտյͷ
ʥϼλ꣬ûһֹΨһһμʥϣڵǻϡʱ˶ͷ̧˵ʥϳʲô˵
Ψһӡǣʥ˿Ǹӡ
Ϊʥ߹ʱǿʥϵĽźȣܴ׳һʮ꺢ӵ˵ھ޴ˡ
׳ܱݺá
Ͽ֪ҵǺ£ëʡ
ҡͷ֪
һȺ˻̽һ飬Ȼûһ֪
˼䣬ڵ˳ͨȥ
ڹƻһȦտͥţٴһͥߵϣˮĵǰһȺˣŮִɡƺƵһԶĿֻƤ׵ܷ⣬ʵ޼һ˶ĵ
Բϲճ̣ڼΪŮӱ֣ҲŮӲĸɷҪΪֻʻװΡ
֪̾һеùٸ
Ϊãȵ۶ھӪѾ滨þ漼ҲҪһļϲĻ
ڳˮ̶Գ
ȵ֮㣬ȵʱȵ۾Ͱѳ棬ʣȵÿĸָҸɿŲأ
ϣҲǹȥֻһʥּ
κƳɵʥּöӡֱȵۣ͵
ȵۼݱǰּᣬΪľóöϵۡФԼһگȵӡȵ֮ԡ
£ǰ޹ˣ߰ɡ
а̾һگдʲô
ǵţΪȻվޱǵӲԳָֻš֪ǲǵ˻Ầʵۣʵ۶ܵòˣÿ춼ڹϷ֡
ĻʵۡҲûʲôá
ʵ۴ˣȢˡ
گҪλ󳼽ŮϣԹʵѡѡġ
꣬˵ӦãҵȵĹʧ
ȷʵӦá
ҵͻȥ̽Щ°ɡ
˼ң룬ӣǺʹһѼʹҳ
ӣʮ߸һ˵ͷˣСӲʮ꣬ãȻ𣿡
̾ս˥Իʵ۵ľηҲ
еġĳӻ˵Ҫ
ÿ궼͹Ʒֻмڼ֣ʣµĴһԴǻ̴Ǿˡ֣꣬Ҳûйֻκ׳֣׽ȥҺ˷֡
ʹӦҲפڵ۶ӦҪʱʥԱԱµĳ羴
Լǵһʹʲôʱˡ
ЩƼҶôȥ£˵¶ûǣ
ƼŸְĿⷿʮ䣬Ŷߣڻҳֻ˰ͷһ
³ϡСǸġ
Բôҵˡ
Сӣ˵ɵúãӹľ¹ڣԼˣǰԸǣɡ
Сɵۣͷ硣
үү˰ɣ
ӻݲòֹһΣ˭ҵ˭ȥϢ
ڻ꣬ǱǶû˹ܵ
صϴºȡеĶϸһ顣еĶ˱ʾԻƼҵĳ֮⣬ǿԼˡ̫⣬ǵ³գϲκһһҲû³ǰҪְǼֵó˵ģȻǰŮ޸ӡ
ǸȨСˡ
ܲ˴򽻵ǰѰ͸һѧȥҵ̸̸
ûסڵ۶ڸĴׯһأһӡ
纣ԺԽԽˡÿնӵܣ֮⣬Ҳ֪ʲô
ȴ֣һˡ
ôпˣ
ѵ˸оɣ
纣ʶ
˿Ȳ˴ߺ۷׷ס
һֱϣ纣Űǽнȥ
Ҫѡʺˡ纣˵
СúܣȴˣһĿ࣬ȸϵģϲ
纣Ǹˣ˵ҪѡĸŮ³УֻһλݹأΪ󡣡
˭أϵϲɫûȥ˾
纣ֻ̾ʵ֪
һӵԥһ£˵Ҳûôɣ
ժǹ³ûʲôϸ֮¡ȱֻһг衣
ֻҪ˵ӦòԹˡ
ӵ˵һʧҲáʵѡժǹ³˵һһ𼫴󶯵¡
ժǹƺϵ뽫ûйʹƽദ
ͻȻڣ纣ܵܵĶӣҾҪġǲҪϢͻȥ
纣ͷһ˰ɡ


441 ȡȡ
ڹǰһʱ䶼æ, ÿ춼һЩ˵һ䡰ֹһˣףȫҽ
ףӦɴΪӻϹ, ׬ġ
ڹеǮѾּˣ⡣
Ͳòڱһ쵽ļˡ
ǽĹƷ඼͵, ϯֶȥӽҪԱȡ
ࡱһ꣬칤ʵʱ
￴ľǸǹƷ嵥, ͷһλԶˡ
н׳ūŮ׵ĺͯ
յгͯ, ֪Ĵ˵ڱĵطǲֱˣΪʲôҪͯѵ˰ͯ
СкǱ͵ͯСѧȥгһгΪĿľ³乬ʶ, 鲻Ťȥѧ, ѧ³ֺѧܲܵСɡ
䡪ǵģҲյˡյӴĽūһǴܵĺ֣׶ĺܡ˾øǲǰҰ˸ץһץˡ
, յ, ˣˡ
еĳǶˣҰ˷˵һλ, ³˱עΪŮģҲúƯ
ҶԴĿһա
֮⣬ǻ˲ˡûܣȫȥˡ
̨еŲ£һ־͵йȥˡ˼ǷҪȥйˣ͹ȥɣȻ깬̫ˡ
ĽǵǶˣһ
ʮѧӣӦöǸҵ˲ţ˵Ϊϧ˲ţԾˡ
ҲܿĽӴˣȻ󽻸˿ȥá
ϵǵӦ֡
˿ֻðһȺ˴ؼȥĺģҪͷˡ
ΰ˷ּδ⡣
ʹš
˲֮⣬ŵڶλıʳͱ˸ɫ챦Ҵҿһ飬ʲôȹ觵ţǱ֮֮ģùȥ
ʲôԡ˵
ѾϰˣˣڹҲòУһ㶼⣬ⲵżҪһޣ̾һ̾
򡣡ͻȻйⲣᡣ
Ͼ㡣ûָʾΪҲãȻڰϿһȦʣĹƷأʲôǲǺĹƷﲻùˣʳˣǮˣ
׹ЦǺ¡˵Ҳмûȥˣ
زùʹɫ̿۵˵ĳΪңָ鹫ңʵڲ뿪ߣߣ
ǰŻغ꣬žͰѺˡ
ʵνһλᵽ˴̫֮£ϯϻô̫Ӷơǰһ˸ˣϵһ
Цúֻܰԭί˵ˣȥдһƪ£ʱӽҲʡ
Щ˵ᣬʵҲʫʸӽᣬһƪ£Թ˵Ǽ¡
챻ˡϣͷһľǹ㣬ڸںͷӰࡣ
Ⲿһ亹ǻȥдˡ
ߺԹҲң
Цùֹŵͻ˾֮񣬾ңʱҲһ
޻˵ǰ̫ࡣ
Ҳ˵ˣ㷭ĹƷһһá
Ʒ߲ǿԿġڽռλֻһνġɻȥĳǳأͭΡǵȶٻûС
³͵ĹƷҲȻһ蹦̵µ¡
ǱԽԽʽ
֮ǰڹⲵİʾ͹ʳѾǺܳĵˡͭһĶȴûڹƷп
һǵģ֪ʲôأ͸ŮصģȫŪ˵ģ
𣬶ʮ٣ͭǧǧλǽ
ͷ㲻
º˵˸ϢŽ·ݣƺ˷ʹ֢֮
۾ˡ
Цôȥһˡ
ҽѧܶʱòȫţǷ㻹ǴԹ󣬹Ϊһ֮һ֮ʵۣ˲ҲҪ
٢ȵǾܷŹǵģһץúţԱʱ֮衣
ʹ֢֮¿ܾǺʹ磬ҲǷʪԹؽףվ£ֲ̧Ȳһֲ˾͵Ƿˡ
ҲϮƣһͱҪ̳̾ˣڴɼûϵⲡԺڴϻʮ꣬ʮ̸꣬һˡ
Ȼ깨ϵǸұƹġ
ⲻؼûһٷĹͽӵȥ괫ʺ
ⲣ
ǽǣЦ˵˵·ϰΣ˻ͣ򣬿Щ׼ȻԽԽ䣬·ϾͲˡ
ⲻ治˵ڲҪԥлȥժ¥һġˣҪ֧ģһȥһϳԶҵĺͷҲ鹫С
ôںⲵԡھȱһðͷĳǳغôģɱҷ͸ɱӺ
˵Ⲳң빫ཻ꣬Բ˼Ҳҡ
еʧ
ԪǵĹƷҵĹƷȤ
ʱȥȷʵǸһ¼ԪղصĹڽϵļ¼ͻһǧ顣
ʣµľһЩ۵Ķˣ˵ͭʳ˼˼һ
ǮйΪ˰Ҳжʮᡣ
ϿޡʾڱһСǡ˼
ڸѧϰʱ˵ôһ£ĳ˵һǽ˰٣ʣʡǲǲˣ
𣬡ҰѴͷϵȥ𾴡
ʣΪϽ˰ô٣
˵Ϊ̫ˡ
Խ˰˰١
ˣοȥôࡣ
Цʣʲôʱģ
֮ˡ
ĵٻ꣬˵˻
Ʒ˰𣬲հյģҵġһ˭ҪǮ㲻壬Ҳ˶õĴ
Ԫǻǿֳǰ
¿Ԫǣѧ³ְɡ
Ц÷ˡ
³ѾĴƣǸ߹
Ϊʹúѧϰ³ľͨİաˡǶ³ӦȺˡ
ңرֳ֮ңǱ³֣ԸΪ֡ʹᱻΪ߳ܵ¡
ֳ֮ڵģΪ̫̫˼ԴţԶ³ֵĽܷûôִ
Խ߻ʵԶĵطԽų³֡
ԤϵġӦ˵ԤУ³ֵķԻҵķһѾԤҪˡ
ΪҪġѾˡҽӲܣںⱾͲõġ
Ϊ硰֪ʶףƶ
̫Դˡ
֪ʶܱκ¢ϣѧϰҲܳΪһС˵ֻһ˲ܡѧϰⱾǴġ
ôԶС˵˵ȡůҪ̿ÿԪǽǧ̿
һ߼¼һ˵أ
죬Ҫ̿͹ˡ
ԪҪȡǧֻ̿¿ԪǸ̿Ҫһɨˡ
𴦿ûֳôгûôúֳ⣬µĳԶԶûϰúȡůò̿
ֳǣѾнúһյĶˡ
ʱҽ̿ȥԪú׬ǮҪԪǽ׳Ҫˮ㣬Ҫ˶죬Ҫ̿
˼ͲſԪǲŭ
ⶼġҪ𶽴ٿԪǺմĻȥ
Υɱ׽ã
ûΥΪУɱ֧Ԯ
֮ôа


442 ·ںη
, ȴûȻҲ֪ڽʲôżʲôҲͣ
纣˵ǽȥ, ȥһЩ¡ʱ£ԻȥҲҪµʱ, һһأǽꡣǲʲô
, 壬ºʹǲѡǵĹġһֶɵ˵
һ㵹˵ĹʶѡϱѲȥЩҪǵժǹһռ
ҲҪ纣˵, ˵ѡʺ󣬵󲻻ֻȢһλʺ󡣴ǰľŮֻҪ붼, кܴȱ㡣һΪ, Ϊ
Ǹֶ˵ҾǵĹǸͻȥġ
죡纣ŭȳôҹĹʺʹȰڹйȥţ
Ǹֶһæ¹, һ, һֳ־С˵žҴ㡣
ֻ÷, һϾһ¼ʹҧס̲סһϽ
һ´ţʼȰ纣ղһͿˡ
СӲ£һپͶˡһ뻨׵̵˵תͷС³ˣô˵ҹĻѵãǵϺй𣿺οﲻˣϻۻԶʤӹµ׵ضмһƫأ
µСΨŵŵֹг衱Ҳҿڡ
ǵǶЩСһʲôƤѡഺŮĽɫ֮飬ѵԸҪŮ̺Ҫ澣ҲˣλȨأ裬ūʲôټ֣
һЦ۹ֻǵĹøС֪иѽū޹Ůϲŷ϶һˣ³ҲΪЦ̸
һȺСûϵйȻڳﲻʲô
˻ڰгǵĻǿʼת뷨˵ǵĹĻڵ۹ء
һҵδ͸ϣˣ
ţСǶ緢ȥǰĵ۶ˡֻǹȥĳȫڳǰˣֻܻǣУ߽š
ϻҲŵĵطΪûпɿ˽ܣջޣⷿҲҪ
Ҳѣֻܵⰲҡֻװѧѧӣڲȵطҵٰ֮ҡ
ô࣬Ϊľϵպ
纣СǶ͵۶ȥϢҲΪ˲ڼеҡ
ҵҪҽҪô
м£纣һֱûĲ²⣬رұϳ³֮ԽԽȷǰ˵ڲܲ˵
˵ҹ۹˷ǳˡһ£ͣǹֱʡ
һ˵㵱ʱڽϣҹ뽪飬ô룬мְգ
纣˳ɡ
ʣµһ£ܵúܿ졣
ЩУժǹͲǴеİհƵ޸纣ֻ˵Ҫһѡ
纣̾ʱãˣġ
һ
һʣ󽫾ģ
纣ͷš
û󽫾ôô룿
ǶΪ̨ϵĽУԽ󽫾Ϊף빫˺뽪󽫾СڶԴϣ˻˽ҲڻȨ뽪󽫾ҷԴ
̨ϵΡ
纣ô˵̫˼ˡ
纣˵һֻ֮һˣˣҡ
ġ
ҹ۽жδһͣˣ˲ỹͷĿɳǰΪдڱ潪̾ʲôˣһֱ¶Ŀǡ
֮С
һʣѵǹĺ
Ƕǹ㰡
纣ҡͷʱĺδԳֶΡһ£˵ıһıһ۽粻ͬϲǹĺ
Ϊβǽ󽫾һѾˣֻв⡣ժǹĻ̣ǽ󽫾
纣󽫾ȷʵܸɣժǹ뿪ֳǣͲ˿ǹǰɳǡ̳ǡ˷·ո֪ûעǸСǣϵ³뽯룬ƣҵȣƣ
纣Ҳڻժǹ󣬵ƻȥȻһжܽͨˣԽԽ£ҹﶼû취˯һٵݣǡǹûеڶˡ
һ˻ƣˣϣͿϣ˾ʹһܵɳȥˣ佫ݳǣİ䡣
أһҲˣʡ
纣ڹɳǺûûˣȫ˶ûôĶ֪µıҲ֪ܵȥˣܻ̳ǣҲڽ
ȥ̳Ǵûһ˻ǵңҵķĶ˵塣ֻ̳йֻ̳ǵժǹ
ң̳ǵķʤֳǡ
ȥ˵ġиˣгķӣǲȻв﷿ӣȫľʯӣ̳ȫǮˣ
ûע⵽̳ǡ纣ӡǻһʮ˵СǣʲôʱֳܺȵĴˣ
һֱǵýиγǣȴ֪̳ǡ
һкгǰм¶ǣֻûðëˡǲǲĻǲš

纣˵Ҽǵã޹ͼݱˣһ֮ھͶˡˣңĺ꣬۵Ҫ֧붼ռݵҵڻŲ
أ
ܼܵλΪ̫ӣĻн󽫾֡
µǣֱڣȻ֪Ĵڡ
ܿԼǶµ£
纣ҹıǵپôҲһҪ˺һܱȫ
ǻǸλðɡ
һ૵ĺڡڡȻݵѾͨˣڹϾͷģֻԼڴˣҴжϡϯϡôĻͲˣһֱ취ƹϡ
ѵ롭ѹȨ
纣̾ԡսڹ¡ȨʢݲôȨε۹˵ͻжһ˵Ҫѡվվ
ǰ˶ˣ⻹ҪѡȻǡ
纣ƱҪ
лʵ۵گ飬ζҪһˣˡ
ԺҪӦԲص㡣
纣Ҫⷬ˵ԭ
꣬ٺ꣬ص纣ңҪѡһ·ˡ
³Ԫǡ
ԽԽˣϵĲԽԽˣסڳеģѰõȥļҺõڻûҹ˪п֦٣ա
ǽмһҰ壬ΪмСҰ֣һǵ·⼸ׯﶼ̿ΪĽˡ
иҲ̿
гȥڴѰһʣ̿Ĳͷڲڼң
˵ͷˣ֪ʲô£һҶץˡ
Ǽܳ̿ĳһҷʲôˣûн˰
˵֪ǹץġ
̿̾ô죿ҽתȥҾͷϹˡ򲻵̿˪·͸ˡ
˵ȥڼңȥˣڼҲץˡ
̿زԾˣôڼҲץˣ
ЩţݳٴĺڼȥȻڼûˣҲ˵ڼҷ±ץūץˡ
˻ؼҵ·ϣͷտȵķǰ̿ʱֱĺ̶ˣׯոĸɾ
Ƕץ˰»ӣͻȻֿԪǵķмϸϸĺƮ
ô£
ܲ̿ɣ
Ԫ
ǰһκд͵Ԫڶ֮ǰϽǧ̿
է֮²࣬һֻ֮֮˵ͨͨ
Ԫûж̿
ѿԪѸɾǧ̿¡Ҳô
ϾǶˣ̿ʱǧ﹩Ԫ¶һ
ѹΰյϽҪ弯룬С
ҵ֮󣬾ٽ٣ϵģ˵ûˡܲΪСҿԪǵ鷳Ͳ±˵С
ȴҵġ
ΪҪ̿һҪԪڿʼѧϰ³ֺѧ
䲻Ըܵһ
ڿԪǵ䣬³ֺѧˡÿһѧѧЩҪѧҪѧ֣Ķôܸأ
䲻˵ȥ³֣Ϊվڼһߵġֳǿ³֣ڿԪǣãҪֳҲС
ȻĨڣϵĺȡ
һǰһ̶ǰӡ
һģһġ
ûȰϽǧ̿Լأ
䡣߽仹ڶοģΪСġͣһ£Ц˵οˣ㻹ԻؼңҵˣΪСµǡ
䣺š
ܲ


443 ֮·
Ϊ³ֵ, ʱ䶼ˣѵŰݷ, Ҳ֡
ӲǴ˳, Ҫ£춼, ȥ¶岮л, úô𡣡
͸, ͷ, һ񣺡ʲô£
ͻȻҪǧ̿ȥǴһ, Ǳ߿ʲôûӵ
ã׾סԺС
ĻϡСͤовپڴ˵صӵܡŶţֻ˴, ̫ȵľʹӴ̽ͷ, һ, кһ䳰ȷ, ȥֳԺͲһˡ
, Һþöûˡ
һ, ˵˵ֳ, ˵˵, ˣ𣿡
˿ֵЦ
ס䣬Ǳ߼Ц˵ǵһ, ȴȥ岮ʺá
⼸˲ҷΪһ񣬡֡
Ӷ
ֵͬв඼⸱һЩСĳҲˡ
Ϊʹʱ˵ĳ͵ģġʱϴϵ£ȫڳӭӡ
Ҵûд͸κ
Щ˾ʹŴˡΪʲôûУʵ벻ͨ
һ˵ڵĵλǸ峤֮ġΪԼ׵ʼƲˣҲؼסҪסеվȥȥ룬Űġ
ҲסУǻԼҡ
ʱԼˡԼȴˡ
󣬳ټԪǵĶ˳¼伮⣬һ˲Ŷһϵκ¶û˵֮ǰȰһҪμӼǰľۻᡣ
֪ӣӵܣֵ˵ﲻãһȥǺȾƣʱž⣬úõĸǴһܣѻ˵ˡ
ĻĸմӦ͵ˡ
û˵ֵǵﲻʲôµһмֱҾѡ
ʱԤǶԵġ
ЩѸң
֪˵Ļмš
߽֮ףңĸףͷϻҩƾϣ۾ţ·ڲУǿ
έף˵磬Ͱˡ
ǳӣһϺգЦҲЦüۣ˵̵ģˣֵЦ֡
ǰЦ˵ãǱߡָߡ
ил˵װҲǣƽʱҳؼ֮̽ǰ˵ǿƣųеֲܶɡݣвǸӾͻѡ
ߣһѣС
ûʲô飬ֻǵͷַʱšһȡ
һ֪Ʋù
ˣľ˿ˡֱָ䣬װƲġǡ
ôͻȻǿԪҪ̿أ
԰ǿԪֲ̿
ʱ䣬Ҫô
̿࣬Ԫǰ깦һ׼ýȥ
ǶҿԪ׽
ҪǮҪҪҪΣǻ¡Ҫ̿ʲôֵǮ
Ҫļһ֮⡣
ЩѾüˣȴʼò⡣ǶԿԪôһĲϲ֮⣬ֲôءû̫Ĳ죬ֻʣһ㲻ҳԭ
ȥˡ
ԣһֳʱŭ˴ôԪǡ
俪ʼôԼƶ͸¶岮˵׷ŭӲһ¡ֱˡ
˲ǴıǾǴһССı
ΪʲôԪϣ
Ĭˡ
ת˰ȦӺ䣺ֳʱǲǳң
ҡͷҲлãϵҲֻڽšʱֳǵӣôʸڴߣ
ûš
˵ǫˣ㣬ôίΣ˵ڴߵΣĳֻڶһССĲӬ٣ÿմ򽻵ϸҼëƤС¶ѡ
͸ˡ
˳ĻʣЩʲô°
һһʮĴ𣺡ǮףڣŮףǰԺ󣬽ڣĳְڡ
Ĵĥϲ˵Ƕ೤һǸʲô£ʲô£ָˡ˵ڶڿԪʮĻ۸ḻ
֪ʲô˽ʲôȫͬ硣
Ϊʲô١ôöԱӶСӬɳˣպǴҪ˲š
֮ǰĽЩûбѡҪѲĲӬ٣ΪǿܾǴҪ˲šǣǴ͸Щɱѡ
ðһµͷ
ϣеܹһǣ
Ҳ˵մ⡰ңͿܳΪԪµˡ
ǰ·
һһǱɱǺһ𱻴ɱ
ڶֳңõԪǡ
ôѡء
һ죬ݺɤƵ˵õܲˮ
Ҫ̫࣬úܺãǰв⣬лɣʹ˴ˡˡ
ԥǲҰĻ˵
úϢ˵ˡ
صû£ȥ
ҴҸϵŰݼ
еֽģֽԴżнģľŶֽϸְףҲԼдģȫأڷ￴ƽʱ¶ġ
ͦϲֽģΪᱡʹˣһǶ˶־ʹʹģڻֽûˡ
ööָ˵ʮ꣬һᵽֳȥ󰮡
̾ʲô
˵ȥ˰ɣǲʲôû˵
˵Ǻʲô˵ֲ˵ûҿڡ
˵ã˵𣿡
񣺡˵Ӧö滰Ϊѡ͸˵ͨˡ
˵ʲô˵ͨģÿֳǸʲôˣѵûЩˣǴѡĹ١Щô¡
񲻽⣺ôһô֪ܵ޷Ǿһˡùİ취ȥӵܾЦˡǸ˶֪Ǹвͨġ
ҡͷһġΪλϺûڿԪɱɱûءΪɱĶǰ𣿴ɱĸһı񻹶ࡣ
񾪴ˡ
̾Ҳ£һ⡣ǿҿԪûϴҪǧֻ̿һʼԺءʲôʱҿԪǲˣֳɴҵ˾ҡ
ϵĺëˣŭȷʵһ֧ܰҵ˶ɱ⣬ôѡһ˳ƿԪЧġ
ҪҪɱ䣿
ðĵһͷ
㲻Ҫɱ˰䡣ǰϺž͸һˡնɱʹǴ档
ϵ亹ˣԴҲһ㣬˶ŭˣ㣿
Ϊɵ˰䣿Цҡͷ㻹̫ˡû𣿰䲻ôѡһ˳Ӵ˳Ӵһû·ϳӵܣΣѵǴѵҪ
ȥǰһ·
ղŲ⸸Ϊʲôô򶨣ˣͿˣԲôƽ
ѵҾûеڶ·𣿡񱯷ߵʡ
˵ôûУ
ϲУ߶ӣ
ôɷǵģ
ˣɫٴαòҰס
ȰĿ˵ܵȥֳǡ
ԣ񼤶ȥҴôôңҶԴһģ
ʲôЦԪҪǧ̿𣿡
СҪ󣬿ԪǶ౧Թǲұ
סˡ
Ҫѧŵ㡣ٴ˵ŵҿڵٵֻҪѵҪҵ
岮ǶԳִԿԪǷŭԲԸ⽻ǧ̿
ǡûн̿ʡ
ô˾֪ԭҵȵĵ
ǽأڴʡ
Ц˵»شܻҪǧ
޵ίˣΪҪôңҴδðǻ˵ԴԪǺʱҲûжԴ
ĬһȻΪҪԪǡ
̧ͷŭԪϡ
ǡ
ҡͷŭԪǽȽƹܵģһСʲôʸҪȥ
ЦãԣҲûгҪ
Լȡˡ
ԸÿͿԵһ·ҲԸãֻܵ
ûа취·ġ
ʹ޵Ķӣεҡͷ
ֻȥȶһû뵽⺢ӾȻôңǾͲѡˡ
̸̸ɣǲǹͨ͸


444 ƴһ
ڶȥ
֮, ͲٳĬǹվ
ҪԪͯҪѧϰ³ֺѧ
ԪҵĻ¿ԪССʦǲҲû취
˵Ľ֡ÿһÿ¶ҲȥȥֳǵѧǸǲ
Ϊ׵ĿԪǼȴǳַ̬ȵġֻǲű, ƽյ϶ʲô³ǲٴɫġ
ʹõѧ, ǵûʲô
Ѷ߷һˣǾѧˡ
ǰԼ峤ĳǱտڲ, ȴһ䶥һ䣬ݡܿ, ڿԪǳ
丸һ֧ӡ
Ұ, ˣ¾ˣңҲųġ
ͷΨһΪġ
̾Ȼ, ȥɡ
ջԪǼһֱפڳ⣬ȻԺݶ͵ġ
Ϊ׵С˽󽫾ġԼʲô
Ե䡰ܡ, æĸĸ޶͵ֳʱ, СһڴӦ
ʹвǴ, СҲԽǱʹС
̾ϣ˰ɡ
ҾӪ꣬Ҳмҿ
̽Ϊ͵͵ǵӵнһٶˡСһΪʮ, û뵽ô࣬СŮͣҲܶĻ丸ĸġ
С䣬ܾôﲻʵ
Թ£ҵĸĸ˾Ͷиˣ
ʹãСûסͷ
û취Сֻһ˻ȥţһġˡߣһʮ˿
ٻҵվ͸նġ
뵱յķǲͬǼҶеİܴ
ҵڼڣһأĽϻƽƽġ
ó˵˵죬Цһˡ
Ұˣʮ־һ£ٳǻȻ
˶֪ҴֳǻǸƫ֧ӵַ֪ܲˡ
ϵ˸վһߡеΪǷҲٰ˵С
һ߾ٸߣҲӵܣڵϣ׵үүӦõģص͸ø׵үүŶϴˮ
˻ڿ֣ҵķѾﵽߵ㣬ðȻ
ũʮ³ʮҼ档䱻ֵƳ룬ݼȡ
ᵱۡȥҽˣΪһ֧һ˵һ֧ϷֳȥˣӴڣǿԪϵˡ
ҷּңֵѪ졣
׵ļҷ׷׳˵ͣôֵô
ôô죿
ƽ˼ҵҲûôİ
ȰģһȻˮͲ
ȥȰģֻ̾޵˫۳Ѫ˵仵Ҿ͸̾Ҳһҹ⣬ġ
ûá
³֣Ҿ˰ǽѧõֽľ嶼ˣˣ³ֵץˡ
ȥ̡
ҾͰҲץˡ
˲ꡣ
ʲôʵҳ
д³ȷʵСѧѧΣûǮʶֵͯѧʲô
߶û
ֻǴдˡ
η㣬ͷڵϡ
վ棬һˮƣ˰ɡ
䶶֣ǽˣ
Цǽ죡ʷ
Ʊ۾ȥա
ֵܣҡԺ󽻸ˡ
ʹޣʵ硭
񣬡ųҵ⸱صӵȥҡ
ƴҡͷ硭ǡ
ЦվҪޡֻҪ뵽Ϣʲôʹ켫ˣ
СʣµʮŰյӪгкȣӹñңȴһֱģֻܵʣôˣԪǳʲô£ʰˡ
һ
ԣܵĻˣǵץˡ
Ҫǳɱأʮ˻˼ҿءСָ֮̾û£Ǳģ
óʱ䶼ҹ˯žԪǴ
һҹСѵ˯ˣձ۾ͱˡ
Ԫˣ
Сɳҹգڳôţ
ȥ֪ұ˳ҹ˰ѻ
˱ڴ䣬һڡ
ңзŻСǡ
Сһ˽ν䣬ѸٳǣӪҪˡ
˿е֪ʱҲС˵ˣ˳ġĸ޶
ժ¥˵ǡ
Ц˵ͦġż౨ĿǰΨһһɹǵġ
ʣµģаʹɱ˵ģʹģҲĿɳģһһϷһȴķĿɳ
Ͼǻȥġ
أš˵ΪұǧǱԼѪ˲ôܷŹ
仰˵õһѵõúãͽһΪɻȱˡ
ϾõķΧͬ
ҳء
Ԫҳһࡣ
չˣˣ䲻ˣפҲˡ
ƹȥʰоʱԪѾʼѹڴˡ
Ҳԩ
﷢Ц
ĳǣϣµڽɽҲ˳û˽һƬ
ŷ֮׾ٵľͽһҽסʱʱĳŷѣ
⿪ԪǸУõİ취ɿԪȥ
ҵ˶϶ǡ֮ɴƽҾ֣ʱɾġ
ϯھټ֮ȥժ¥ʰ
žȥû˾ͻˣֻһ仰Ӵţɡ
⣬ҪãһԽˡ
ܾã⻰ﻹһ˼
ҿı¡
˼˳Ӧ⣬ڿԪǶ໨Щֵõġ
ջش˳ǣͼǧһ֮Զ˲֮
һҲǹݰ
Ǿͱȱȿ˭ݺˡ
ʮһ³콵ѩ
ϸСѩӱϣǹ³뽮
ֳǸĴׯֶ࣬סĲһ죬¶ˡ
ŮĶʳҹųȡҲιֳǵİա
п϶ڰġ
Ҳһ
վժ¥ǰʱ̾˿
ʳ֪ʲô취ܰιÿһ
ܷŵгϣ۲ܸߣҲܵͣ͵ʱ˲мģվֵزµġ
ʳǿеģΧԽ󣬿ԽѡҲܰѶʳЧֶΣֻһƷðǶԡʳ㹻ӡǹʳٵĻΪʳǹģǳԲģǼڶӣ˼һзԵġ
˵ȥ
ºᡣ
ԸڽºˣǴ磬Ĳֹͽ֣
䣬Ҳϯ
ºװֳҵͷͷԣϯ
Ϲｻܺõĸοǰʱ˾ŵǡ
׵Ĵ˿Ϊ׵һȺӵܺȵʹ죬µҲġ
ЩΪļһԼ£
ǵġ
ǵȻģһҵģ
Ƶʱ˿ŮӴ磬˻غȥŮȹ֬ⷢıŮǷʱܵ˵Ļӭ
ͷһϵһĻĻ˾ơ
ǣǡʲôҲ˵
ΪȻϲĽˡ
֮󣬵ȻҪԽԽԵʹ죬Եα
ϲϷôɨأ
ƺ˲Ŷԡ
ѾˣͺͽˡȻ֮ǰ˰ѽˡ
Ҳ漴ʾ󣬰֣ҲˣҲҪ飬ˡ
ºֻʣ½Ⱥ
һҹȥʱЩͷ
ǿŹ̺ϴ¡
ǰ˵¡
ͷΣƾϣһӣ
ЦҹѩŲԴЪڴ˴ˡ
һҪºתȦȦ죡ҪߣǺסκ£ǴĹ

ǣҹڴ˿в֮˰
Ȱסĵط
ɡǡԺҪȥأ
ǣȻժ¥
ժ¥ʱǴõģʩȫ㣬Ǽ˵ģ޹
ĸĳϷĵطѡ
ԥȰȰŲĵͷǺðɣ⼸죬Ȼйͺˡ»һĄ̫̇Сˡ
ѵõĳȵĻϲʤԼǡ
⻰ȥýºԭǡ˴Сϲˡ


445 
ʱ, ѾֳǳйˡĹЦŶ˵˾ͺˣÿ춼Ҫء
ηʱ˿ڶˣ֡ȡһҩһۡ
ʳҩ, , ҪҪһˡ
ʣ˴˵Ǵйеͨ𡣡
ͨйΧһȦһŹңʿӡСȸڴߵ֮ס
˿ǰڹִʱס
дСļʮ, ȫСһסУСֻһһңݾӡ
סľǴ, ԺӶˡ
벻ǣͨʹֽһǽ֮, žͿֱߣؾ
Ȼûйסǡ
а̾, ȥסĸס
ҿ֮ǰװʱˣɫƣ񲻼, ۵׳Ѫ˿, ΢΢һǽڰҹ֡
סй, ͷֹ
˵Ҫ롣ˣѾûлͷ·ˡȻѾˣ͸Ͻȥл, μӹ磬ǲźá
¼ܻһգǾͰˣ
Աһϣʣף
ûпӣԼ֣ͣԴӴӿԪ뿪֮ÿ춼ĬףҹͣҪ°Ѽƿ̳
һڣûꡣ
ʹѾȥʬˡ˵Ŀǰû˵˭ȥӹܿԪǡ
ž񣬻ȥϢһ󣬴侫׼лĴǱ빬ָô
̽͸ȥ˭
ˣӶȥԿ̵
һϯʿΪﲩʿճϯʿﲩʿ˵ϯʿǵһѡ
ڶǶ˿ڹ˲֪˿Ǵһ購μҳ֮ҲûëĿǰûʲô˶Զ˿λʲô
ιҲǳĺ˵ˡ
л̺˼ȥ˿
һϯʿǰ֮żߣ˵ȻͰֻϲв֮ˣûʵѧǲģ
μҵżߣ˿ˣؼѣϺ񣬳İУӦÿ˵
ûȥ˿ڸԺסӵ˵˾̴˽ָô·ҹﻹ˯𣿡
оٽҪɱġ
ʹļף¾ɱļ׾Ѿˡ
ҾҲûгҪصԼȥܵġ
վ˸ǣںΪ顣
ɣֻЩȥ߻
ô˷ǳϾڴŻ䵽³ûǸɾˡ
ڹ˵ˣýٴȥʹ䡣
ˣѾ֪ÿư˽һѾָˡ
Ϊ˵ԼŻǲŵģ˶Ϊǽ˼ڽҵˡ
䣬ǲ͵˵䲻
Ц˵Ϊ°ǰԽߣԺԽ
ԪǸ̯ӣʹһ֣ĿľΪ˼ռпԪ
ΪǱģǸҳõĽѵǴѿԪǸ䡪Ҳ
ǸοҲǰΣǾõļѻ
䲻
ѵһ벻ȥ
͵䡰Ȭһ졣
˴µͶԽ˵лѯʡ𣿡
ӺβϢգ
ҿͷϵ˻ûء
ǿЪϼա
һЪЪһ£Ъ˿ԪǰֳҪǧ̿
һﲻ١
ڿԪ嶼ѱ̿ʳǮˡ
ԹƷҳϵĳ̶ȣڵĿԪǿɱʱҪҳϡˡ
ǻȲ̫أԪǲһûдµ̫أԪǾһû˹ܵޣ꿪ô죿ֻʣˡ
ҲӦõģ꿪֮ǰԪƱҪһµ˵ġ
ͣǾͿҪǡơһݴְȻ֮ʱһϵм롢û˴ˡ
ǡڴʱڡˣμӹ硣
ҲѿԪ˵һһʮĸ䡣
飬֪Ҫ»ܶ࣬Ҳ֪ܲܰͻؿԪǡһвԤϵô˳Ҳ˳ӦʱƵĴӦǣòȥ
ֳǺüģڽϤ˻кܶࡣŹĳйһ·̨ȥ;о˺ܶѣ̨ǰ˳ΪԵʣȻǿֱӽģ
һûϳˣҲϳ
֣
͵
Ǿ䣡
ͶĿгĽٰǰ¶̾ġġҲûаۿۡ
˵䵱걻ҴֳǺ󣬾һڴ
ֳǱΧţ־ݳǲʱ˶ȥˣȴ
ڹб̿ˣ̨Ļ̻̣ΪĴߣ־֮ʿȥЩұһı
תΣΪΪ˰ټѧӳСΪӵܣȴԸӴȥһССĲӬ٣һӶվͬһطġ
֮ڸж˴ίΡҲһǻϻر±ԹޣҲĳԡ
ҳѵֵð
ܳ˹̨ߣ۷׷ס
˵סй
˵Ϊ
˵һӳеĸ䷴ĿˣȴԹޣ˼ҪߣǮͶ
ˣˡ
ֱ
ֵཻ
䳵ԵԽԽ࣬Ǹĳһ·̸ţ˽º
˿һӭܳ谮ˣһ̴ӣһֵգɼǶô䡣
ǷǳһĻģǿ䱻񿴵ԼһҳϻرǵҳҲᱻ
ѾڽºסˣһȥģڶýǺͽһ˼˯˵죬ǽ֣ԥһͬˣǽ֣һ춼ŽȻûޣͬһȻ֣ǳˡ
֣ţҲ˲ȥˡ
ǰʺã֣󡣡
Ͻ֣ʺã֣ûɫ˶֪ǴָݷǷһŮʹƳ˴裬֪Ļһԣûз
ŮҲ֪ڹĸ䡣
֣£Ҳвϲӣкܶ²ֻ֪һ
òʺ䣬ûнã˵֮󣬾͸ĽŮ
֣ʹͣĶԼɣˡ
֣ʲôֱ𣿲ҵģҡ
ǲ֣ͣ͸һЩθ֣Ķ˵Ķ࣬Ҫˡ
֣ϲ𹬸ĻҪʩβĽýūūغúչǡ
üҪµĺһӡ
֣ж֮£ｪС˵Ը˵ȢĽþʤǧ
Ǿܾ˲̫ӣҲ򵥵ģҲ򵥵ĸá
֣Ȱ˼Σͬ⣬жȻӿ޾ĻϲҸ֮СȢһٸˣԴİҲǲһֵģȻֻԸҪһӣ
ϲбȴˡ
˵֣£֪ĸ׵ı֣ľ顣ĸȣǺεȵˡ
һĸףֲ֪ôĸסǰֻҶҹҸߴ
ڣʲôҪ
󣬾ͼĵÿģԼͱܵһԣܿ챻˿Ǹ˶˵ĹάУҲֻǲ˵ʲôֻǫ顣
ʱֶ˿һֱߡ
ǰû˿֪購ҵġҾһ
˿ˣȴ걭оƣٺЩ˵ˣӲˣܶ
µõ˿ܡģķ¾ƱЦкηԸ
˿ˣˣɵȥЪϢˣסҲ޷
ζӳ£β̾ĳˡ


446 ֮ս
ǸӢۡ, ˶ŽʶѾʶҪӡûʶĵȻҪʶʶ
ӹٽŰݷÿЩ˾͹ˡ
˿ľͱܿˣֲ̫Զ, һ䱻˹, Ҫһ
һӦˣһ߷Ŷ˿Ǳ˵ʲô
ΪֵǴĸ˵ͻһ俪Ԫǵ, ˵Ԫǣ˵˵ͿԪͬĳҲ԰
˿ǱߵĻЩ̫, ͸ˡ
һ˵֣ȻҪ䵽ĵز, ǿɱ̾
ʱգΧ¯ȡůһԲʱ, ֣ȴһ
̼̼ҵСУе, еءδҸ, صĵȻҡ
̼ʮǵʳȻˡ
֣ŭ, ޳ᣬ˫ĿҲǧ֮⣬Ȼ֪̼ʮǵʳܵȥ, ֻ֪ȥճĹԱŻ˵ȫǿյģʮ⻹ǿ
֣˶Ǵġ
˵̼ѹȵİգ̼Ȧ˽
֣Ǻ̼ǣ˰̼ץȫŮҪϴΪū⡣
ûʳûʳ֣ʱֻǺ̼ҰʳˣȵдҪʱɵۡ
̼ҲǸɳԲɻġһ̼ÿ궼ҪϹ֣׸ۣ֣ÿֻҪ̼ҵϵĹϸ¾ˣŷ֣˸֮⣬Ҫʯ֣ס
ûС
̼ɿտǣȻҲû׿ɽ
ڶ̼ӵ֣ϱʮǵʱͬʱҲʮǵؾʮˣÿݴһΣ＾һΣΣÿιװǧʯݲ
＾ʱݻûˣʮûһѾԿˣǿʼˣ̼̼ͣûˣҴҪɡ
֣󺧣ѵѵ˵ѵǵıǸԼ𣿸ǰ̼ûʮǶˣȻˡ
ûǮҲû
֣ˣ̼ҵ˶ץˣдϵ̼ҵںδ֪ʵϵġڴһӾԾˣŮץҲˡ
ĸĸ׶ˣмֵܣȫӣǲ֪ȥ򣬾ʲô֪
֣ͶҽѸ̼ҽõļҲץˡľ֮£ɲܴ˶䲻ʳ
ǣ֣м֮˳⣺Щؼȥɡ
ûʳβǲңٱǡ
һ⣬˸Ų䡣
ԸһЩǮҲ㰲һһ˵Ĳʧ
֣ͷö֮ʣͽܷʮЩȻҲ۲ҲҪ
ǣʮʮ
ʮǮͽĳǳظˡʮҲʱĳȰ͹ȥ취
͵ùǼʱ޲̼ǰ˭ðأ
֣ڹңܽ¡
һȰǼҴʳӦӦ
ڶȱ취һЩ
֣Ϊ˱⡱򿪹ѡһЩ䱦ûб䱦ģҲƽ𡣵Ҳ֪󣬾סţʲôʱ˴Ӧˣٿŷǻؼҡ
ʩ֮£ϵ˶òӦ֣
֣Ƽ³ȻȵõϢ
ժ¥˼ȷһЩء
³ڻû㹻ũ㲻Ը㡣
ʵϣ֣ʳֹԼ
ڻ³
Ǿ䡰ɱȡѡͽ
ǰɱȡˡѧˣһ¿ʼȴܿʲôʱ
֣Ȼֻٵˣ³İȴûзչ
·һ֣³߾ķﶼˣغͻֵصİҪ
ڶѡһҵֱ֣³İֳһʳ
ڶѡĿǰܣǾֻʣµһˡ
Ź˵עڽº͹㿪Сᡣ
ʽ䣺бսĴӮսƻж٣
ʹ㣺ܴ𣿴ʤ󣿴ôճᱻǴ𣿻ᱻΧԲ֮սȺ֮Ϊ˱£ǲҪҸϷ֣Թô
俪ʼͷж֧ٽЩܴЩȽϲҪЩóļϵúõȵȡ
㡭һհס
ҼǵսҲûʲôصĺ̸ٸ͵ˡ
Ŭ˼·ȥôսǴ򲻿𣿡
õʱ֣ʱڴʱʲôʱ򣿡
һ룬
³¡иոͻݣ󽫾µıҲСսʤδûС
Եģ֣Ĵ£ԶۣĻ̻̣ûʳ˵Ҫǲɢ
ȷʵԴ
뵽Ｄ˵ԹˣҪ֣Ҫ֡
ͷеĵͼǰ˵һһ߼лҴ֣ϱ߽ԴӶϷһͷһβ֣
ʣ֮أ
Ҫ֣ȥɱ֣Ҫ֣һֻҪϱߵ⡭ڵͼϵһţǡ
߹ȥŵͼĬĬ㣬ЦֻҪǵĻʮӣ
ʽ䣺ô˹ȥʣֻʣʲôʱ򿪴򣿡䣬ʣɣµ£ÿĻĩܽͿ԰ռˡ˷һĵأϽ֣꣬ĵ˷ˡ
һ£֣ӵ³
𣬹޲ܰԼɰ˸ⲻƫƫˣҪߣô¡
ҲЩ۹壬ǰѹ嵱ãĻֳ̤ܲǣΪʵֻйܰ쵽ʱڣҲʵҲһƷǸߡ
壬Ҳҵġ﹨㴦һЩʱ˵
Ц֪ĳսʱš硢ҵӪ˻ڣǸ壬ǶԸһһ
һʣԸΪࣿеֽˡ
һֱûʽְ˾ǰѹĻȫˣⲳƽʱȥһ̽뽪ʣ湨ȡ
壬Ҳ壬ݡ
Ҫ˵㲻뵱٣ǾͰ̫ˡ
ѹλøʵһ͹ܣֻ˼Ҹɻ˼ҹǮһ棬ҲΪ
ĵ³ة֮˶Ŀܻ֮ķΧСˡ
һЩ£ûôˡҲ޵ߵȥú깨ϡ
⻰˵꣬Ůǰة۷ͷڶѾ׼ˡ³Ѿüûةˣة·ôҪʲôƵĶǹΪʷҵģȻ͸Լһ
ʱٷһ٣Ϳˣ
ŮǽŮڽһΪֳǾϢϢأزٵĵĶ
˶Ҫȥճ׵СҪȥ溢ѡԵǰҪȥ
֮⣬˳Զ֮ǰµ꿪ǰ֮ǰҲҪӡ
ĺˡ֪䣬˲ְ˾Ȼû˾⣡Ϊͺܰ
СǰҲһݣΪ˵ôǹ̵ģ̫ôТ˳Ҳǹ̵ġ
ҲǸˣΪܶӶˣӺӴǺ
£ȫˡ
Ϊһ˵˺ܶĻʮֲ
ˣҪսڿʼ̵棬ʱ򣬰ǲŲ̫ԡ
ļϣЩʼգ
ճúŨǿ֣ΧŮгҲӭ˸յġ
˵Ůӽ׳䡣

Ϊ˿ҫ䣬һͿˡ


447 βʿ
Ů, ͿҪˡ˵ϵܷ˱ȥأϵ۷׷ףڲ´˭
˵λǼҪˣ
ǴģǲǸ۾ԲԲģʲô滹ǰġ
ǲǣ˵һЩΪʲô, Ҳᵱ١
ǲǸ·ģ·߰᲻ҲǸ˵ʿ
˵Ǹʳ, ˵ֳ֣ס
ϰۣլԺҲۡ
ôʱˣ
ǲǺˣ
Ƕ֮䡭
˿նһؼңڼﱻ˶ס˶֪ô, ʱھѾ˴ڴ, ˵Ƕϲϰ, ÿ궼⼸ˣǾͱʾ϶ֵԼһ
ǰҵϲʲô
˿Լͱ͵͵ʹôͷõʲôͣʲô֬ÿҪͨͷ飿һٱ黹ٱ飿
˿ô˵һͷͷҲû, ˵ϲΪһͷͷûˡ
˸ġ
οֺˡζɽ˿֮, Ҫζɽĳο, οѽڲ˶ûס, ֮궼ûţڱ׵ϵ̨һ
ȷʵ, ŻСʱԺû˺ˣְŸˡ
˿صοڽһƵĺȾƣȥЦγü˵žȥοǰľơ
οѾƺһŤԼȡ
ɹúڣƽʱ浶ǹҲ̫Ұ˿ӦҲһ֡
˿ҲЦſȡ
οԼ˰û˼ѾƺҲЦҡ
˿ЦЦһЦȻҲЦʱͲôˡһ£ȰҲΪãҪˡǹء
οСͰֻ滨Ȼ٣ھ˵³ֲĶܸȤֳֹ֣ҲͷڼԼ֣ǰ
ã׽Ƕ֪
ֳĶӰʮĵμĵ԰Ƿǳ֪ġֻѽȥ͹ѵһ
֣֣ףȻҲֹӦ˵ָ£μҵֳˡ
˿˵֣ףȥȥοˣʱοζɽ
ûֱ˵οԼΪο٣úãСǳеıкüֳأʲôʱҲֲͷ
˿οǼֳ֣Ľˡ
ο֣棿
ֳ֣׵ˣ֣֣׶֣֮Ӧòࡣ˿˵
ο˸ۣôһǣҲֳ֣ףɵóֻǽ޷ʲôʱ򻹸ң
ɶ˿۾Ѿˡ
οôˣ
֮οˡ˿ȥ׵׵ͣİ͵̨ǰȥԼ֮ȥֵˣ˴ۼųɹ룬ܲǸԼȻˣһͨ֮ҪҪôӡ̣Ӵ˳
˿ʱùϿʱȴ־ػοǰܻԸ٣θһ̰࣬ǲ
Ѷ˿йȥúášζɽǵģԴӵ֪οϲ׸ĵ֮󣬾ֻƺοζɽˡ
šҲԭֻҪο쵽ܷⲩʿ֮λҪţҪ٣벻ϵͲϵΨһҪÿ꿪ʱȥۿȥ
ζɽǲϱһֵøá
ζɽȥ֣ѧģۼʶ֣ٹˣɾʢġ˵֣̼ռĳǳУоǸãȫƽԭأûɽû֣һƬĽˮҲƽٷˮֱ֣һܳã
˿⻰ȥ󣬹οˡ
ҪοͷβĶţһ۶ܴ
˿ο̫࣬Ҳ̫ģʱʱһȤһ㡣οҲ֪ʶȤ˿ĳˣ
˿Ҳ˼ˣ͵ǰȥ
˿ûп˾Ц»˵˵ȥˡ
˿οˡ
ο˰ϣʱŲòݼ
ǵο֣һڣԷȥοɾ
οƺȵٶҲǵøղŴİҲǣǰһشڶϳˣջڵòҲִ
ôͻȻ˵ôصĻܳ
סο֣
Χ˲ͣ£Ȼ˶תͷ
ˣ
ء
˭ôһҰ
űõĴ˵֪ƽչ֮ô𣿡
ѧʡһ˶ԥҪô𣬴̫ƽʵԲˮƽ̫´ʵΪѡ
±ͣ
Զԣ͵ġ
һ˶ͷ
һתüͷһ壺ǣȴϧ֮ͱ֣µһȵСˣ
֣дŶ˵֣Ȣ͸ˡȻѽ޳ȥ
ΧƵʿǸǰ֣޵ҧгݡȻˣǲȴУûп֣ţ֣ʮȥǺޣһ˰ٱ֣ֳ˲֪ĵز
Զڽ֣û˾òԣµһƬӦ֮һ֣
˵͸֣͵İգѧǣֵأĺӴ֣ȴͳͳǡ
˿ڴʱӰ֣̼ҵ˵ľᡣ
رģøͬܡд̼֣ĵλ̼˵͵ǺεȵĿ£
ڶ˿˵󣬸̾ϧ֣˰
Ȱ³֮
ʵơ
֣ʵڿɶ񣡡
ЦŰοƳˣ˵ο֣ף֣ûԵˣ̼ұˣ֣Ҳû˻ˣ³ֳ³˾ͿԳԵˡ
޾֮
οϡͿľͱ˿佱ȻίΡ
Ĳٶүүһĳһصڴ֮зԼδĿǰ֣³ȢС¶ֺ
ȻȢӡΪ鷳ΪһȢӣͱҪһˣͱҪ˵˷ʱԶŮ鳤ˡ
οһҹܷⲩʿ˫ݡ˹Ļ˼ңھƺԵ˵ҪȢޣʮ˸ӡ
ȵڶѺ󣬻ѾˣѡˣΪ³¯ĲʿĽҲĽδӻеĽһ޹жʮĸ
﷢ҪٸǸԺӣȻס°
˵ʿԵٵģôûðһ뵽Ĺȥء
ο
ѣԶ׽ڣʶĲʶģӵҪʦ
ο˶ڼµȢˣӺӵĽмԺ󣬳ҹˣǰ»ȥ֣ˣٻ


448 нֹ
κĵһ¾ֳ, һ֣֣ͬˡ
֣˹ô̫࣬ˡ
Դ֣ӵ³³ϸ, ⡣
ֳ³ķ, ˣиصĶˣҰһҿڷԵͨա
ֳеʲô, ܿĴ³
ˮ£ʮĳ, ʮ߳ǣ
˵, ֣ɶ
˵֣˿
˵
˶֪֣̼ңΪ̼Ҳϰʳ˶֪̼, ֣û˳Եģǿ𣬰, ֣˿ʼ³, ֣ҿʼ³
ϲ֣, ԲԸϧ֣ˣԸǵ³ı
, ³˶öԣ³һ괺һҪӵġ֣Ը³ҵǶӭһ۵ľͲ³ˣ
ŷ綯ʼǰ֣֣Ϊū굽ʱ򣬶׬Ǯʱˡ
Ҳһ˵֣ȱ뵹һʳ֣ȥ
ܿ˵еĻƶ˵ڵ֣ȥˣƶ֣׵ļ۸
³ĻƶȷʵգΪǱû뵽ʱ򣬰ѾԶԷѧһβֵļɡ
ⲻʲô˽̵ģǴѧģǡͻᡣ
֮ǰ²⣬ǿûʲôֵģԾֻֻƶԿÿ¶һӣ߿Ҫ˾͹ʱһӣ
ʵȡʧܵľ飬ذƶһλεַһֻûգһѾֲȥˡ
һֱŻƶļ۸񣬿˵ϳֶ٣ն٣ƶļ۸̫ðʧȥģΪƶֹʳڻΪǻΡҩȸְ
ƶһʼ۸Ͳһˡ
һ˵ƶùץץ˾ɱ
ӦԵù죬Ͼȥֻ֣ͨڽУûһƶ֣ܵȥ
ɱ˶йۣڸǹᣬ׷壬Ϊūϴ֣֮Ǯ
³˴ʧɫժ¥ժǹʱĵˣѳɽǶϣܾ±ץˣǵˡõȫûˣժ¥ժǹĻҲϵˣΪ³ˣ
ǱΪڹǮ뿴Ǯǰֻʿ˲ܵȨЩ˾ȻҲܵõĶݣⶼ˹ĸ
ǲŷԭҲֹǵġ
һܲȵߡ
Ƿ߲ͨ·֮󣬾ȥˡǮͨϰǮȥ£ϣǮԶһ·ߡ
κùʹˡ
׽õȫھӪУ֮͵ˮأȻ󾭷ǣֳǡ
伫ǮȥЩؿĹԱؽǿηСˡ
Ƕ֪ϵȺ壬˳̫ˣõܴۡ
ֻҪܴͨ·ǿԷƶȥ֣պģ³Ҳǵ谭
֪ʲô󣬾ýץ˴ˮ͵ֳྭǡ
䲻⣺Ϊʲôô鷳ԭǴץ͵ظɱҲ
˸ùˡڿսǰҪΧһ⼸ؿвεˣԽԽá
Ա˵ĽǮ򶯣վͿܳΪͽ
ľУ⼸УؿУˡ˵ûг£ǾͷֲˡиֳɵĿӰͿ˭ȥ
һ·ͨǮµģǮµġ
ȵץ˶͵ֳ֮ʱеķѾȫˡ
δѩδֳǶгѾ̯ԽǲóŵӣԽùһЩ˼һû͹úǼͣͷԵòгҵˣʱܿʲô۶Ը͵ġ
ǵļʮɢгĸʱ֣һʳĵȥ緹Ц⼸׬Ǯ׬ˡʱͻȻԶһ￪·仺ȴʵ١
Է̾͸ˣ棬ܵгߵĹͤгĴࡣ
г඼࣬оʱµãʱһ죬ܿͰѸס˸йˣһʮʮ٣Ƽڵ·ߣǾĶ麰үзжʳ缦ʵĿɱﻹ򣡡
ҪϴֳɵˮһʮأҼа˸ӣСһ
Ҫϴ·ҪҪƵĺЬ
ҪŮ𣿡
ȴͷıˣˣЩһͻ˻
ҪҪţţŶУҼϱߣҪߣ
ҪҪԶ·Ǯģ˵Ļӣȥˣ
һȫȥˣϿֵ˲ſʼۣץģʲô£
ȺߣЩûֳߣڶгͣˡ
гп޴ĿյأƽʱûʱͣжĵطʱҲӣҲͷ
һͣˣľ;ۼΧ׷ײ²ЩǸʲôģģ׼ͷ׼Ǯأ
˱˳쵽һ𡣺ɪɪһѣ൲ȡů
û˸ӡ
ȻЩʿΧЩ˿ʼ׮
濴ֵ˾Ȧˣ
ϻؿͷʱûȦ
ûУɱˡ
ǽǮˡ
ܰɣǮľͿԵȦȥˡ
Щ˸˽£ųǼͰˡıգǸ̡ȥȻһӣ޶ŮסĵطûУΪˡ
С˸ɽկ˼ٺˣһ෹
ڵСҹǣҹ󻧣һֱҲûƣֻչ̶ӵ·Ǯӡ
˵˽󽫾£ʹͶˡ飬ֻһűģģϵıܿʹӼ˱˼ǧˣֱڣһǧˣˮŵһ
˵м˵ĴۣҲˣҪ͵ֳȥ͵Ϲ
ϾЩ˶ǮˣΪǮ͵ġ
ˮʱۣݺݵռһ˺󣬱ôˣһֳ
ǧһˡ
ĶˡһҲס
˰ѷ˵ߣƵˮҹĸӳŲһٱȥһ߸ʬȵһˣȻʣ
һжŪˣ𣬾ȥеĻˣŷЩ˹ء
ڹǰ󽫾ͻȻֳǣЩһɡ
е飬ֲҲֻõֳǡ
ڽ󽫾ֻû˶ˮء
ھֳʱͽ˵ֳǺ󣬲ؽǣгȦܡ
˿Ȧ˾ζЩ˲ҪɱġȻ֮ǰл˵Ҫɱ˵ڣ˲һֱûɱǾͲɱˡһʼֻǣЩ͸Ǯɣ
תҪˣֳҲзӵģȢڼңȻˣȥ￴Ҳһ˼
ȦѾΧˣ˺أתҪߣ̧ͱסˡ
⽫㻹ߡһСЦ
ϵѺǸеıŲǧˣ²̫̫÷ЦĪ͵һؼҳԾ𣿡
СЦ⽫ûȥôߣڶУȴ
ߵȴѾˣĽָһ⽫ͱ˽
´ôӣ󽫾δ͸ңҪ󽫾
СЦ⽫ؼˣͲż󽫾ˡ
˵գ͵ȦͲˡ
һֱΧ̯ȦʳƤãͳͳҪˣָ̯ȥֳǵļǮ
檴ŶŮˣȦޣæҪˣǮȥæͷǮˣһȴҾȥ㣡
ʱһѺˣԭǾš
¼ȦеԽԽˣܿͼ˺üףŭǺңЩ˾ǸǮˣҲٹֻЦ
ŭҴȥˣҪ
Ϊ׵Ż࣬ǴӼбߵģһͬߵĻ˺ȳˡ
˵ʲôλأҵͬҵҪûڣµĿţȼôһ·Ҫԣ
ˣſˣҪˣڵµŽ
磬гϼˡǳſ֣ǿ˶࣬Ȼıն룬̯ڻҲˣǳû˲ٶʱҪࡣ
ʱһԱòͬ¹ˡ
¿æӣˣȥң
æŽܹȥ·Ͻӻӻеİе˼ţΧ˷
ȵȣĽӵˣ
񣡡
ܵǹٵǰ£Ըɷ
ԱһԣԺƬ̼֪
Ȧһ˳
¿ǸˣҲԼӣŬ쳤ӣֻǰ汻ץȥ˶ȻһгԵˣ
Ķʱˣ
ȵȣûЩ˽ǮǵӻĸأҲû˰
ʱ˽
˳ӵıǸԱǰӾվһԣæӺûң
סŽ˵ˣҪɷ򣡣
Աᣬ£££Сˣˣҵӿһؼȥˣ
Աս˹ˣͬ˵һԡ
µֳȥɴû˵Ҫɱȵȵȣȵȵȡ
ţǸ˺ȳȥ˶ˡԭֹһ˴ͨؽڣ»˺üʿԭҲ
֮ȦûһߣҲûһ˿
ǸԱ˵֮󣬵һˣ޿ˡձǶȵĶͷ֮աʲôˡ
ˣ૵ҪˡȻߺˣҪҪҿѽùù
ֹһںҪ
ǸԱҡͷ£Ǿ˾ûġ
ڲͣĺҪ棬ͷأʱͣĺӵ֣ҪҪӾ
ʹ޲ֹǸԱҡҪҪˣɣ
ԱˣĳԸͨݣʵ⽫޿ˡ˽ڰɡ
һ߿ͷ˶гԵҲʾ˳ǽϡ
һ³δһ֣


449 Ӧ
һٶͷֳǰն̸, ûʲô˺»־壬ǿ֡οĶֳǸŴ壬ˣСؽСֳǰյ, Ƕ, СˣӸµ̾ϼͰˡ
ʵ˼죬˶, ֳǽļľͿУгɡ硱ǰ, Ҳӭ˿ź졣
ͷļọ̈̄ҲǺպ, һµŲͳ˷⣬, ʱֳǵ˲
˶ˣƷͶˡľʳģըƺࡣ
ǰԼ, ԻƶΪƶĥɷۺ, ĥɵķۻ, ٻɹ۽죬ƻһ, ƺܱ
һЩþϸЩͻͣúըһ飬Ƿۺ֥飬ɿڡ
֮⣬ֳǰȥֳ˻ףڶĴܶԻ׼ӻƶΪʳǴ죬Ұ˶࣬ķʢðѵڳûжӡ
˼ˣֻΪû˰Եʡ
ֳһֱûİ˰ֳʳãȥֳǸһֱйţܻƶռΣ۸û䣬׽УһʼͶһȻƶߵļ۸񣬿ɼͷİͻָˡ
˵мڳصģҲʼˣǰ;ģɽˮԭòʲôģ֪ǲοôҷԭڼֻ׬ʿԽӵܵȤֲֻݣһ֡Ҳܣơ
˵Ц˻
ǰڳҲмׯ԰ʱȥׯ԰ˮϪʯɽԼ԰Ȥ԰óȤҲ׷
԰ɽʯϪˮȫ붼û
˶οϲ˼ϲ滨ݣȤţֻǹͿıˣȺȥֻǱĩá
˵˰ǲյģԸҾģôǮ󻧵ȥǮΪʲôҪȥհյģ
ȻΪյգղᷴǻᷴġ
Ҳ˵Դ󻧶ˣֻڵȶֺռѡ
ֳǵһСһܲ۵ͣһխǰӳ첽ţȥž֨һˡ
Ծʱסſڵ˲Ͻ̸æ𣿡һۣҡͷûС
ϴпΣȻһͷˮأ˲Ͻˡ
һʮˣҪԵȴǶߵǧ˵Ļ˹
ֵµȫһȺûͷĺӣ굽ʮ궼Уʮһӣ𻧣ʻмˣȥСӽȢϱ
ȻǼȥݽжԱȡ
Ժ֪ÿ궼ҪһΣҲ̫պˡ
ȥڵļСͯȴ˵ֶء
԰˺ö࣡
ֱ֪ڣ˲ֳͣӿ
ֵǣȻûжֹ¡˲ԽԽðֳôأ˴˵Ȱѵģ̸ЩֳǵˣͶˣðϧ֣ˣԸ֣˵˵ϢŽ޻˵
һֱæβֱʱŷѾܾöûˡ
Ϊ̫æˣû˵ǣҲܾûȥʺãˣøõֵٺ»úô˼ͬΪȥҲǵĹϵܹ·պϵҲ㡣
ϣסСԺȥݿգҳ˺һ㣬ʳȫˣǴɨġ
ñΪż˳Զˡ
Ϊ֣ˣΪʲôûи˵һأ취һ֣³صȥ֣ʱţŻ˵֣Լȫ֣ɱˡ
ĳѾǧ࣬Ҳûҵʬףֻһ¹ڣҲպҪȥݼɳǳǱߵǸСɽ棬һ·ķذ˵ˡҡͷ̾Ϣһڰˡ
Ѿˣֱˣ˶š
Ծʱ޸ͣһ߿һʰҪ֣ȥǼ٣ǲŲءôˣôһӾˣ֣ΪʲôҪɱԼңԼֻһ֣Ϊ䣬ҲһҲ֣֮µġ
ڣԼʲô֣ʹ֣ҪԼȫ
סˣһʵǾԼҽѪ
ǵ֪Լ֣ϢŴҴ뿪ûü˵һ
ûϵǻŰ˵ߵʱûüϢⶼôˣҲ˻ǣ˳͸š
ĳ׹ȥˡ
᲻ᣬҲˣ
һͷԶǧ֮Լңһͷ䡣ҵҪˣҪʬζҪҵ
֣պ취̽ɡ
˵ֶӣ˽ŹʱļڣסĽĴ̽ԽԽǲ
ֵ飬һʱŻһˡ
ͻȻˣ̺˶Ӱ
ĻǸʲô»ôæң
̨֪һӦҲּҲ֪ʱβʲô־䡣
Ψһ㣬֪Ӧ˭
ڿΨһп֪ǳʲôµģֻӦˡ
Ӧ̨Ŵеʫ䴮һСϣСܰӦ
ֱڣȻûΪС
᲻ҲˣԾ˵
ĬҲǺпܵġ
ʱʣ᲻ǡץ𣿡
Ծ˵ץˣӦҲɱСүүɣСүүԼ˰
֮һǴҲɱԼˡ
ǲҲ²ֻܵǸ˳ˡ
ԾҪһֱأ
ʱͻ룬ˣ˵ժǹ޸֣𣿲磬취ӹ
ҡͷ֣Ŀֻǲᡭ͵վԾʱæʣ֪ʲô񣿡
Ｑת˼Ȧ޵һֱԼͷ汿˵֣ĿɳˣһժǹȻټ޸֣ˣ֣ŭüҲ˳µģ
Ծʱ˲ͱɫͷȻΪ֣³ĿʹԼ
ɡܹ³ԼԼң֣ܵȥġ£˱Ϣô³˭ҲԼҿϧ
Ծ૵СүүǲҲΪ£ŭ³ű˺ˣ
ãȻֶӣǶڿʹѣǳ֮Ϊס
ڵ˵
˵ʲô
䶷пʼתļԾϽסС壡
ʱҲ˵СţСүүһûµģټ
Ӵ˺ÿ춼ǰţǼشʿӣÿԶʳǵĹϵܺá
ϣϣվǰǰ¿С̯һͰõĶըƽըģԱСҲֻ͹ģʳģ׷װѳԵ͡
ϤҲ͹ˣ֧ӣݰ
붹ȲȥԱߵСŵ˵ǽϲĥģɾأûζģ˺ڣǲǲ𣿡
ҡͷһڣС˵ܺúȡ
Сŷˡ
£̾ˡ
һ˵ҿӳס
û˵ԼԼˣҲֻ˵ﲻֳϣһ㹻ˡ
ܱô£û¶ڷ硣
ʱһ˿첽̯ۼĵطһ߹̯ۣ˵ȵ𣿡
æ˵ȵȵģúأмѼеӳʲô
˵⣬һֻټӶʮɡ
ԱˣЦ˵ôһݵĶûԷ
ЦˣͷƫǱʱˣôԣֻܿ򡣡תȥͶͽȥȥʮŴתһȦ˵Ҫȥˡ
ᣬǰᶫ
ڹſڣЦҲæֻǹɭϣð
˵ڼһֵܣδ棬˵ڹңС֪֪ôˣ˵ʲô֣һȥ
˵ֻ
ŶûʣҲ⣬ģܶ඼Ըϣôأ
˵ҲҼֻҲҼҡֻҪ֪þˡƽʱСҳ˵Ρ
ţ˵мʵǰ׹ӳģֵֻڰ׹̺򡣡
Ŀ׹ӣ
Ц㲻֪ڵǲǰˡǹߵĳʮܹϲֻʶ࣬ڹˣҲܾûˡ
Ǹ׵Ӧ


450 ܡס
԰н̨һС, չҲǿԵκεطȥһȥȥܳ
԰ÿ챧ٳ, ʱ˻ȥ
żҲһ֪, ֪һ¡ԽԽ˿ôˡ
԰ˡ
ͺˡ
֪ʲôʱ𣬿Ƕ˿ҽĳ購˴ҵֵգȻһū
, ֻūѡ
͡ʧ衱ˡ
Ŀڴƿûеһɳ졣Ϊڵסâ谭, û˹, ûΪǻۺѧʶʶ
вŻ
԰⣬뵽󣬶ĵ׷
ȷʵŬ, ͬĸѧǿʶ
̨ϣŷͱûʲôֻͬ, ˶û, ĿԼ
ʵȴ, ˶ᣬ֪ģ˶֪˶, ȴδض
˶֮⣬óٻҲṭֻǷ
ûʲôطȱ˸ɫ
Ȼ֣ʵһװλĺӣţǶװĶȴƽƽ档
ǹֻֻһȱ˺á
ʹһѿҩĿڣȴ˵
ôıԼڵĴȴͷ
ؼǲˣȥܸɣ˵ȥ鷳
պ󹦳ٻؼȥĸˡ
뿪뿪̨뿪͹Ҳ̨ġ԰
ֻҪ뿪Լˣ
һ˴С߹£
ԽӣǰȻʡ·һȵأһСͤͤǰһӭӭչ
ֻͤа԰Լ¯ֻһ洰Ǵӭһûһµķţʱʱ
˿첽߽ͤУ԰԰˵ֽ߹ӣҹӡ
԰⣺棿⣿Ҽ𣿡
ֳûѡ
ҡͷͲ֪ˡӣ˵ܰ﹫ӳȥ
԰з˶񣬲ŵȥʲô߰ɡ
˵ͷȰת뿪ˡ
ߺ󣬰԰ȴû취˵Ļ
֮󣬶ԽʤҲ޷ȫȥˡɽʤҲĿĵġܽʤΪõĳ谮ӽڹʧ衱󣬽ʤͲñԶˡ
ҲãʤŲ
ӳȥ
Ǹûᣡ
Ǹ˭أ
ֹ˼գ԰һֱڵȽʤ˭֪ʤҲˡѵô᣿԰ͣڣ֪ϴξʹӦˣ
ϣһƧĵطŶ飬һͻȻð´ĿžȻ
԰ʿӣͿк·𣿱ڱߡȥһֱ߾ˡָԼǰĲ;ƣ˵ǿЪЪš
߹ȥ¡԰ܹ̻Թͷӣʧٵ£԰֪黹ǲ֪飿
Ȳɫ԰̸̸ʫ飬ָһСֻѣ˲;ƣĥ˰ʱ䣬԰ͽȥ÷ˡ
԰̫ª͸һɡ
ǸⷹͰҪðƷˡ
ʱʳˡ
̾ﶬѡ
԰ȴ̾һͿѡ
ЦǸˣߴҲӦ
̸ڣǽһġ԰ȴ֮ǰһ˾ͳԾ߳ܣٰ˵
ҺҲûм˿¼Ծãò׽һĵˡ
ִƣ˰ɡ˵գ£˵ӣԼ
ĵȻʫ
԰һˣЩӶˤˣ꣬ɵʣʫǰ
ҡͷҼƺǸ֮ģһʱ
԰̽˵ģ
˵³֣ڵĵطһСǡ
԰ѡ飬һӡûСɼһСĳˡ
ҡͷҹªˡ
СȴĹ鴦ӣ
԰һ̸ʱ
Ŷ˭˵ʶء
԰Цҡͷδ棬ҲδơǱͻȻѶŷ֣Է˭֪ȴġѡǺεȵĿЦ޴
ȴѾȷ̨Ӧǰ԰
ڸʧ٣԰Ψһп֪ʵˡ
Ѿٵˣ
԰֪Ͷ¶£̸֮͸ʼնɹĳԼϣܵһûƫĵطԼҵ塣
ͬž⣺Ҷ˻·ȵ찵ҳȥһƥڹ⣬ҽ㣬㲻ȥ𣿡
԰ϲ־£ԭǾƺԶѣ
ôǿأģ
˾Сͤл·ȵƻʱɫ԰ͤ˵߰ɣоˣͲˡ
ˣϵ·
ȻСŴ򿪣ƺǾþݲţԸⱻ˿棬ͷܿͤˣҴ뿪ˡ
˶һۣһ˽ͤп԰·ϣ档
˾˳˵ˡ
һûأٵȵȣֻ¾ûˡ
ô죿ͤﵹǻһЩʳ
ҲʣԼҪôȥ˿԰˾Ȼ͵͵ȥԷˣ
ĺûᣡ
˵ʧ룬ͤе¯ͻ򶼴򷭣򿪴ӣˡ
ʱѾԶһ
ŴϵʾͷȥˣֻһֵղŲѾ𣿡
ѾˣŹعţٹʿӶʱȥȺУܿͲӰˡ
԰ܿҵѱ
ô򵥾ܳɹӳ԰ʵǲţ
ֱ̨ԽԽԶӳˣ뿪Ǹطˡ
ֻҪ뿪ֳǣͿԲ԰ҲԸһòͿڣ߰üëͿٰ޽ҲˣͲϳˡ
һʱúܶ࣬ȻعŷûпԼߡҺû˶ĵطȥҲ쵽ˡ
ǰһСӣ۵úܣΧķᶼܵͺС඼ûеƣס˵ġ
ŵ˷˵Щ˼ҵûϨ̴ѻð̡
ɫڳЩˣҪܽסĻڣܻῴҲ˶ʶ԰
ͣһ˼ǰ״ѡ˼𣿡
ڵϴЩͿͷϣٰͷץһЩӺ嶼ȡ²ڻøǰȻš
ʱĽˣҴҳţû˵ͼǣһʶˣ
ԭģȴˡ
԰ˣˣûüס޵ĵط֪ܲڴ˽һ
ʱȥǣüҲȥԼȥɣֵˣһϴµšˣùûеĻбͽ
ԾҲˣãȻʱĻͰѰ԰ýȥֵܶ˸Ծţݵƣ԰ͷ¶βģ˸ڳʱ˭ⲻССأ
صϤĵطء
ʱ˵˿²֪ǲʶˣֻߡƢʱ˵ãҪȴ˵Žкأϻ۰ͬһ
Ծ
ʱҡͷԼŵȥҾС
Ծֻȥˮ԰ϴ԰ϵϴ£ѵƸϨˣ˵ҹƷͣá
Ծֻñܳʱ˵вҸղŵʱñңһòղֽȥѵϨˣڵʲôһˤءһ⣡˵أ
û˿ɲˡ
ʱ˵£˯ˣǽȥˣ
콥ˣͻȻˡ
ʱȥţ̰ýʣиˣ֪ǽȥ˰ˣһ֪Ϣ
԰˯ţֻǺϱװ˯ǷĻ죬ȴ־ûô໵ˡ
һ죬ʲôӰ찴ץ֣һս󣬰԰¹⣬Ҳվǰˡ
е޵ҧΪʲôң
㽻ҵĸףʧٶգҪˡ
԰ϾȻԵʣǸȻûм棬ȴԾãѾֿˣæֲͻȻˣҷſҲڵ
ϷţֻʱԾѰ԰úõķϣ¡һж˵ٷ㡣


451 ʱҲҲҲ
԰̸һ֪Ǹʲô, Ӱ԰׻Ҳ򵥣ֻҪȻȻͻῪʼԼ
Ȼáɡ԰Ϊɣ԰Ͳ˼İ븸ཻĵͳͳ˵˳
һ, һ¶Ĵ˲
Ӱ԰, óȷʵһֱڴٳ֣³ҸʮţΪʮþȡ
, ׳˰԰֮⣬һ³ѡѱضλȨ, ³˵ϻ³ľǸƶ׮ܳɵԭ
ҸӦþɹһ֮ң, ͻȻ˺Լ
Ϊݰ԰˵ժǹԻ²ų⣬ߵϰ֣ѧ֣, Ϊȥ֣׼
԰ġʧ衱͸׵ʧӦþǰŵ¡˵ѻԼ֮Ȱסժǹ, ס˸ס
ԭ򡭡ܾ³̬ȴԵʡ
һ, ԰Ͳ֪ˡ
Щ, Ѱ԰סתԾʱȥ
գ԰֮˵
ԾʱһԻ, һʣССүүϢ𣿡һŵҿ׶༪١ҽΪҵǸ븸ԼֻԼˣ˸ףҪ游ױ𣡡תԾʱ˵ԲǱֿˣӽԺܳͷأػһ֮ܶмǲҡԼҡͼˡ
˵꣬¶ԾʱͷŵԾʱϽȥֲ𣬡ҹгӣհѱҳеζϣǲңȴܲԼ𲻱ĲΪˣ
ԾʱҲۿ΢죬Ծ٣أС˵ʲôСүүΪ˼壬ôգСүүĳһ˵£ôܰƲ£
ʱҲͷ˵С壬һޣ֣γСүү𣿡
Ҳˮҡͷ˵ϸϸ۲ĲӬ٣ǴأλѡεĴ󲿷ֹԱǴӶĲӬѡȡģǵŴ˵ˣһȺ֮Ƕѧͬɰ֮УֻҪ㡾ְأһܿ챻֣٣áһҪúøɣպԼҸ˾ˣ
˼Ǻ޴֮ǰֻĻҪˡ
ңûеƣŴǹ⡢¹⣬˴С
ǲҪǺ޴Լҵô³ֻ˵ǾȡԼʹˣһߴ·ֻ֮һȥȵԼҴ³ӣ°˰ļҵѾǰѵ֣УԼ֣УȮͬʱߣʱȻɱ֣˲ΪԼҺһԩ֣Ҳÿϧ
ԼҰΪȥͲȥңԼһ³㷸ٴĴ԰֮ǻ鼸֡˵ףԼԳ۾֮
ˣڴߣҪʱ̼ǵԼϺᣬʹ֮ڿڣҲҪʱ̼Լ˴ãҪһһЧԼң³գģһФ֮ˣ϶ԴҳԶҲģҪԶס仰
ʱԾĺ󣬲ڷġ
ʱѾǺճˡ
ǰԾʱѰ԰ɱ
Ծ˵ɱ𣿡
˵ڹз˰ѻ𣬵ˡҪôΪ˽ˣҪôΪ˽ˡòףųȥᱻ˷֣ʱǣҾͲˡƽһҲ޷ʱȴʣֻܶԲˡ
ʱ˵Сģ½졣
˲࣬ŰԼˡ
ʱŹϺ˼Ƭ̣ȥһľ£Ծ˵ȥЩͶ˵˹Զ˻ʳҪͶˮйӡ
Ծ⣬ʱˣһֱʱֲ˼̹ԼûףֻǮȥ
סгǰ߲ԶҩˣȥͶ˵Ǽ˹Զ˻ʳĿ˶ЦȻҪһĺöһԡ
˵СӣͶˮ̫ˣɽѹһѹͿԣֻҪԼ
Ծ˵ֵܡ
͸ЦˣСӳԻӡ
Ծ˰Ͷصʱմﻹ̡
Ծʣȥͷ𣿡
ʱ˵ˣ𣿡
Ծݹȥ˵ǣ˶ٶ˼Ҿ͸ˡ
ʱ˵͹ˡ
ͶĥɷۣͣȻȥø԰ǻƶĥɵķۣͿϣͱˡ㡣
԰ӹлͿϣһʱϾʹ̲ͣס
Ծȱŵô˽ʱϵ԰ö񶾣öңʱ˵Ҳû취㳤ȥͻᱻϳģֻһͶȰϴˣϼ죬Լͺˡ
Ȼˮð԰ϴ
԰ú׷磬ٶñͣҲˣ־ɫ
ʱ˵ǰɣ˵˲ҪȥΡ˳Ժ󣬿Ҫؼ绹ȥС
԰Ҳһ˶⡣
ʱʱֻǼųǣǳŴ˲ʣʱֵͻûǮΣֻؼȥ˵
԰޲ͷˡ
ʱݳǾʶľͶˣ˾͵ַ񼲣䷵ҡһ·˶̽ϡ
ûȥҰû˻ҰС
ֳǳеĵطƽʺϾסͽ˴䡣еĵطƲã¶Ҷʯͷ࣬ø֣Щطûʲôˡ
ʱڶס˰ֵ꣬˶ĲӬ٣һƬ֪֮ꡣ
ûԾΪԾС
ͣ԰ӳΧûһˣҲûд䣬Ϊ˴˷ֱĵطͷлδ䣬ϾһסԲš
ǸȪ·ϣǵҵ֣ʱҪҡʱ˵գһͣ԰ͱ˸Դ
԰ʱѽڵϣӭȥҲԼһȻ£ѳƵ£ϣȥ
ܻضʱѾˣ˷ϣ֪ȥ١òʱˣ̰͵ҽݡ
ҽݵĴҲ֪ôΣֻ˿ڷҩ
ܿ죬˵صĲӬپ͸ˣ˴̾ˣ
ʱһϢֹ硭ϱ˳ҹϣ֣ƴӳ֪ˣȡ
Ӭʱ˵ȥңҵʱֳʬĵطѾ͸ˣʱֳ·񼲶ģ壬϶ʱֳˡ
ʱѺ˵ֳȥֹҪֳ簲ᡣߵĿҹڣǼˣֻһˣ˵ҹʵģʵڷֱ治塣
ǰ󣬶֮ƵͽĶ࣬󲿷ͽͬʱҲǶľԸƴ˺ܴѶȡ
Ӭ̾ϢԼֵܵùѡ˸ʱ󣬾ͷֵܵʬȥˡ
Ծʱǲ԰׵ģΪʬϵ·ϳˣʱϵ˿ڣܸӡ
̫ˡ
ؼҺʱοԾɾͿˣ㲻Ҫ롣ȥұԼɥ˵ҪַɥҪֹ磬ʱҪˡ
Ծ˵Сǡ
ʱ˵С»ǲȫҪֳСүүлȥǰɡһòԶǴСҲЩҲڴƤ£ҪͷҲס
ʱԾģڣ͸ʱˡ
ʱȥһײģЩ鲼ͰɥµĶʱ˺һЩˣ͸ھӴк˵ֵܶҪߣһ죬ʹʱ͹ײ뿪ֳǡ
뿪ʱո˵Ѿص̨ǰӣλ
ժ¥ϣԹ˵ߣֻҪȶţвɱҲü
ͷֶ˵ԼеԼҵʱӵ֣ʱ֡ҪΪ𣿡
ڵģһλźóȥ硣οֻλְ˾ҲǸΡ
ʲôٶԽԽֵǮһةĸة࣬Ͳһ³ѾˣȫְĸΣø˾ȥְ١źá
࣬±ǰˣͷ繫˵
룬ù򣬡ιٰɣϵĲҲ÷һȥȽ¾͸ˣʱе£͸ýбֵһ
ȻȨ̰ȨһʱҲҲˡˣôҿѧͷͷǵǰҲһ֮£ڵҲ˳µġ
ʼ𣿽͵ѧΪ˿룬ʼҲȷʵʣԡһҼһˡ
Цع˵ĳȥ롣
ã⵽ӭӡ
㹰ֶϽݣΰݡ
ס֣ȥ度ң
ЦȽ壬ǾҪҵˡ
£ܷԸ
һ֮
ҵĴȥ壬վȥ塣
㣺ҽǡ
֪ʲô⣬˹Ц˵ܰݣҪΪʱ˶ڵز
ҲʲôˣôھɵˣЦˣȥ˯һ
ſ죬ȴʲôҲ˵Уͳȥصʱ룺û˯ôأ


452 ټ
, Ҳ̨ӵĿʼô˳˵̫˳ˣ谭
ڹԳǰϺˡ
Ȼ̾ͱ˽ȥ, һҵƬ, ̺Ÿº󣬲űݼ
֪ô׾ܼ
ΧĿ, һЩôƵġܺͰ, ôģںδ
˵иĸ˽ɥ
Ц, ЦܿʧˣΪԵú𾪣ѹ, 棬ŷӣ̫̾ϧˡ
Ȼֻһ䲻֪ٵĸ̾, ڴ֮, ۿ, ͷԼδ̨ߣôӵ֣, ô֣ôȫұ֣ȫһһ˵˳
ûгϳ֮ԼйأһڣԵʱԺ԰ҲûаһԼ޹صˡ
Ҳû⳯£ֻǿϧԼҲãҵҺû㡣
ƺһжٶʣҲٶ˵׾ٵĽع飬վ˶ֱߵڶλһţ˵ϯʿλӡ
Ȼ˶⣬ȴٹע֮󣬵е˶䳰ȷԼҵ֮أѸĸʬ״֣˻Լض죬Լҵ³ʵǲҵ˼ˡ
ЩеĲᣬеľ;Ҳ˸죬Ҳѡ綡Ͷܿϯʿ˵Ҳ
ʱסڹҪͺò׻ԼҹӺú׽׽
ôرȤȻֵúܿסڹһ÷ʱЩ֮͸
ⶼǱ湦
侲ҲԳ˵ǰϣҲֻʣһˣһѡΪĲϡʵѧȻ޴ƿˡ
ŴѾܵ˸ʿӵ˲İһߣԸЩʲôҲ
ȻͻȻ˵ҪΪ
ȻҪǵġϯʿҲȰ˼κʵǴǲסڹѾˡ
ٴȥ˾͸ûǲ븨ˡ
ֻܽܡ
ܿ췢ְ֣ûʵȨġһţÿڵվǱʿӹ
ϯʿȴæ´һְ˾Ͳˡ
˹ࡣ
Լһʱû빨ֻ֣˵ǸˡҲ˶ѡ
ʱԼ죬ϹУض˵ľʵر𣬲ܲ˵컯Ūˡ
Գݵ΢ڵԣûóȻǰԱţ빨
Ϲߵ˿빨฽䣬ͣе䣬ָ˸
һһ٣˽üĿ֮ҲΪ᣻곤ֶһüĿƺʲôûϣǵøղ˾ȿˡ
ǽС򡣡Цӯӯָ˵ߴţպʲôģԶ̣ڽС򣬿ɱͽϴˡ
ϻһӣ֡Ϊ׶Ե
λСʲôͲ֪ˣȻս˵Ҳ뽪ʲôϵ
򶼺ܿ˱˴˼񣬹ʹˡ
³Ĵ쵽ˣľ࣬ѩڻ
Ҫйȥˣ
ڴľǻййط󰡣򣬾
һ仰̨˾ͿʼÿεĴһ
ֶڴôڡǹﻹǹжܿݡ
³Ĵûְҵİãǳ֣ôڣֻڡ
˵ͲóһҪһɣȻϹǻȰġ
ɾǡ򡱡
ڵϹȻô˵ģµĹе٩ģϷ̵ģҲлֵġʹľ˵ᡱ
ᣬ԰棬ϲй̨
Ҵйû̫໪װΣϲйĹ㳡
ǳȥڹţʩչ뵽ȥңҲ£һЩ̽Ϣ
ܾ
ףȥġڵԼ
ʲôأ
֪Լ뱨ҪȨƣԵٿԣ뵱ȨĹ٣Ǵġաơ
ĸڴߣֻҪȥʲô£
ҲһᵽйУ˿͵ͨԷ
˿ܺãȫ˵ĽȴֻǷ룬Ƕ˿Ը̽󣬷ֶ˿Ը֪ǲǶμܱϰߣǶ˿֪ʲô
ס˿ָǰһ˵ֵгڹеļסʱȥ档
л˿һȦӣ˵Сһ㣬Ҳû澡ϲˣҴҪù̺ȥҲԡµĽ𣿲ҿԽһ㡣
ҡͷ˵лķᣬ´ࡣ
˵˼仰˿ȥֵء
˿Ǻڿһ˵Ƿ˵㡣
һЩСӣֻ䣬ͣ湩ӡҸһƫңһϴһ鷿
˿֮ǰ˵ͨԷķк֣ܶпɹһӵĴԺӣüʮݡ
ܾ㲻þҪԼңֻǹݾӡ˿˵
ö˿ܻ˵ҲŴһסСӣҲԹ
ʱ˵Űݷˡ
ûˣȥӦš
䣬˺ڽ¹Ϊ񣺡¿Ԫ䡣
խСʳˮҲ⡣Ҳʵã١塢顢㡣õϵģûдµġ
ûжţָԼҲסǰ治ԶȻ͸ˡ
̾ˡ
͸ȥݷˣȥ֮ǰһ¡
ڶʱԪǵ£ҲǴġҳ˾õļѻҲһʱ
ֻԴĹ۸УĻж䵽ǲǴ˵һһġҳͺ˵ˡ
ٴμ䣬ΪǶ˹ȥһ÷
ŶʳǰĶֻ֮ȡõġ
䶼˴Ĵʳ
úŨ˺ܶ͵ܿըơ
һڣʣ㽴˺ܶ໨ˬڡ
еúС飬ը󻹽һ£ҧζ㡣
衢踡װ׺졣ԵһгɷС⣬̵ģҲըٽģƤʵۣм仹кı졣
Ե˹ӣִᡣ
һ꣬˶ůˡʱƣҲˡ
֣ΧˡԶ˿Ϊ׵˰ѴΧˮйͨȥס
뼷ȥ֮һ
״ҲǱȥ
վߣ˻˸кȻȺм˵
Ҫڷ顣һһ飬׷ԼҲпеˣһѡѡееԸ⵱ĶԱеȴԸ⣬˵Ҫܴ
һ㲻ս⣬ϲô˵ˡ
еĴûһƵĵطĴĴɣ
֮Ψһ³Բ˳
ع˼˵ɫںôġ
ʱһ̴˴￴Ȼͽǹȥˡ
򡣡к
俴һۣ벽
ûǫãϣͲڱ
ߵ£Ŷ˿Ϊ˿˵ʲô˿ֻǶЦһЦ
˵ȥɡȵľһѡ
ʱ䶼ǱôŵģĵͷӢ˱ضĳҪúÿ۽硣
һߣȴһϢġϢ
ף糾ȴݲף㡣ȵ۶飬ͱǰ۶ˡ
ɫ㣬ͽģﲻ˵ʲô£ֻǼҪ¶
û뵽ôһ鷳£
ӸղƴҪôܾȥ۶³нȫһ֮³ʧȥ
ɫȴֻ΢΢ü·һķ£²أ£ֻеķ
û뵽ϻһȻľͿԶʩ㲻ܷ
ʧͺԡʵ֮ۡ󣬻ʵðˡ
ʵҪѡѡٸ۶ѡ
ô룬Ȥ
ڸмӦأ
͸۶ѣǸôʵ۵ģʵôԼģ
֪Լʲôλ˽ԼĴ˽Ĵ
ṫȻԻʵۣΪûʵ۶Լĵλ׵ġ
ڿʵ۲ף֮Ҫ
̨£֪٣
Խ㣬Ҫ˵Ȱɸ˿
ﱻ׵Ůһۣ;׹ѡڱֵ
Ŭ˵ֻ֪˽⡣
Ǿʹӻʵ˵ɡʵǸʲôأ


453 ʺ
ϣժǹܹϻʺ, ΪʺǿԼ볯ġ
ٷĹ޵ȥܴһӣڵеľżҲãպԽ̵̫ӡӡҲգѺá
ͬʱҲΪ˱֤ԼŮȨ档
һ۶Ϊ, ҲͬȨͬ, Ǵ˾ȻĿϵΪʺĻֻܾټ, òˣɻʵ˵㡣
ĳ͢, Ǿǳ˵ˡ
￴Զڵ۶Ҫÿˡ
֮ǰûиժǹ, һȷţժǹΪȨ
˿ǰЩ°ǰ, ˵ƣֻǺݳ֮ȴûпժǹĿŪȨ
, ֮ǰĽڵĹ, δӹĵĽϵ, 󽫾뽪ʼնץסǣΪеȨ
ǵú, ڹûлصֳ֮ǰҵ߬ţԺ󣬽£ͱҺü󽪱ص˽С
˵ǹǰʱ󽫾ʹڣûбֳҵĲǡǡǹ󣬽űòѱ
ǹ˭
ﵱߺ󣬹Ҫ˵һ˵Ȱˣһ˵
˵䣬ѾˣͬеĻ
ѽߣ˵ʵ볯Ϊ󡣡
˲侲Ĺ
ڿڣͷװɵ󽫾񶼲ˣ׶ˣæǻʵѡԴٸ볯ɣ
ֹһʱҲûзĶ٣ýȥðһգңҲ֪ȥסġ
ȥ𣿡ʵ
׶Ŀⶢס˷ܵļƤˣЦ˵Ҫȥл
ʵ۱ʾˣҪϻ̳Ͽ֣Ҫм㣬ûѡ㣬㶼Ҫȥж֮ġ
俴ĶľͷŻȥˣתͷ㣬ô˵
ü˵ʵҶԴʵһ֪
ʵʵ̫ûдڸˡҲʧȥ˶Իʵ۵ľηÿĹƷһ¡ʵҲȷʵûʲôطܹܵסˡ
㻹һĵõģûʵȨʧֹ䣬ڵ۶ڻʵ۵֮£Ҳ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
ҪӢ˵ˡ
ӢǸƻʵۣڳҲûʲô£Ǹɵ²ʵۡͨ˼ң˵һͿ͹ˣڻʵϣСҲɴӢڣʵǳ̡
Ӣһгյĸ輿ΪڹɱܶеĹУʹӢ˹꣬Ȼûһӣ
ʱжӢڰٰǴӢھ˸취Ů޳ȥ֧ʣԻʺĳƽŻͰ͵ļ޵³
ӢڲŵһӣʺСūպТڡ
ТڵӭκΪ󣬹һӺȥТҲûŶãʮҲȥˡ
ڵʵ۵λǸֻʮСʵۡ
ԣӢ𣬵ТڣٵۣʵѾȨˡ
ֻлʵ۲ȥȨҲǰȻա
ְҪһǵʵۣȥ鷳ȥʰҪ˻ʵۣҪʵʱŻȥ롣һвֹһȨǻҪ뵱һ֮£֮֮ˣȥ۸ǧ֮ܸȻʵ۸ȨܸȻʵ۸ĲƸ
ĵáʱѽԪ̨ʱҲûȥκԡ鷳µʱκԡ鷳ˣҲϣ»СС»ˡǵ򲻵ѣᶯ䡣
˵Ҳգ˵Ҳաûܹս˲ʤ̵ģҪǲܴʤǴܣʱ̨ǲ˵㣿᲻ҵվļ᲻ðͷ
ĵġ
ҲΪʲôԹķ̳ʱͶκˣΪ㵱ʱѹٻҲǻġ̨ǹ֮Ѽˣܿóʵ۹ͱץˡ
֮ѡѡ˵ǻʵѡˣ˵ǴѡˣѡҪѡĲˣǹơ
㣺Ǹ˵ʵٴڵ۶ܿǻʵǿǴǿͷ˸ʲôûô׿˭ǿ˭һĿȻġ
ȴû˵̫ʵߴ󳼵£˵ľǻʵᣬû˵г谮檣էһȡʵ۷һܼ򵥵¡
ϣȥ۶ʺ֮λȻôô˵˺ãԼ뵱ٵˡ˵úȥʺȥ󳼣ʱһģ¶Ӻһ뷽跨Ķӹ̫ӣպ̳еλ
һôǿҵˣð
壬ȥɡЦ˵
һӾЦˣղ׶˵סйУʱֱйˣﻹ
һŬ굽ǰƴȥʺĺô
ͿԴõˡ
㣬ΪѾӽ̬һ£ȥ۶һȥۼһʵۡ
ԽԽԽԽԶķɵȥˣԽԽ׷ˡ
۶
ꡢ칫ëѵһѡ¡
ѡѾˣ͵ʵǰ֮ǰҪ˭ʺΪ˭ʺΪ
ųȥһ̡
칫ͺ֪ʲôѪԾλ
Ȼһֱûжʲô굽ʲô£¶
ξǽˣ̫СѡȻҪѡ
ųС֮ʣµľڴмѡƷãã޶Ĺˡ
λκ
κҿκѡ
ȣκʵѪ֮ף
ΣӼκ٣κѭ浸֮ˣҲûʲô£֮ҲûʲôκԵģԹ֣³ȵȣг̫࣬ѡЩҵĹΪ̫ˡ
κࡣκûʲô⣬κҹδ޹࣬ѡһƷò˫ȫ
ΣԹҲǿԡ
ȷʵƷãսһ˵ԹǸǿҲȻǲѡǿĹʺ󣬵ҲҹȻԹһΪǵô죿
ңԹҲͦģѡһᣬ丸ӦҲѡ
󣬾³ˡ
ǲܲ³ϵģԹǿ³Ǵеˡ
³٣߾Ϳۡ³³ΨһĹ³׽㣬³ߣ˽֪ѡĺô³һ³ΪʵĵĳӣԼˡ
⣬ĳϱûôˡ
ϾӢ֮Ů³ԼҺӣ⻵𣿲
˵֮Ů˭֤
ô˵ֻЦ
һǸԪˣȥ֤ݣ
һ˵ҪʱҲǼģĪǻϷŪ
˶Цɫ͸ѿˡ
ʱڵ۶һĹ˵лƵģǶǹӣƵĻǺټġҰѽū޹ģ͸ټˡ
ϲūҲֻһΪ΢СĹѣľϲ׷۶г깫ӡ
˵׷󣬸ϷŪΪûӰһˣǷǳĹӣǲѧõģǳúõģǼõģֻҪ⣬˴ﰮĽ֮⡣
ʱҲǺˣԲѧòƷǳƷãҺ񡢳Ͽҡ
ôһʵˣʱ꣬üζõʧ̬ڶЦһȤ¡
һ˵ҹժǹֹ˵֮Ůа˷׼
ʵϣʵûݡ֮λ͵ģ
ҧ³ĸ꣬³һû⣬Ҫʺ;ܣҰʷԣܵ棡
ëѳ˸Բ³Ͼ³ΨһĹ³֮㣬ҿǽȻ³޹⡣֮ҪҪΪΪ˵˵
˲ŵͷֻˡ


454 ʦ
꼸鶨, ȥ£͵ǸظȥˡΪʵѡʺ󣬻ʹ϶ֻлʺһȺӣԸضҪѡŮϡĶǸعŮ, ռ֮Ů
ͬʱ, ҲҪǲʹȥϢ
ڻʵۡʽּ֮ǰʹ߰ϢݹȥʾʵҪѡ, ˵Ů£ʵ֮, ߲ˣϲ
Ǹ׼лĹƷʱ䣬䱦Ǯ, ˵仰׼õġȻʵ۵ʥּˣǽּԺ󣬲̴װ, ͹۶
õϢʹø죬ﵽˣѾٶȰϢ͵ˡֻʵҪѡ, Ԥѡ֮Сȴѻꡢëѵ˶˵, ƹκŮ, ëŮȵȡô֪أΪǰǸʹ߾ǻ˵ͽǵӣ, ǿ䡣ȥ·٣඼Ϥ̶һߣȫеĴ˻ܳ䵱ˡΡ
ǣǾʹЩ˵ĳȥƶϳ˸λжʲô
³칫ˣһδͷĶˣ˵ʫ٣а׸硣
ô֣һ¾ͼסˡ
׸Ҫһ㣬˹ɽˮ˵̶ȴĵطȥʲôʱ³Ͳ֪ˡǰҲΪʹߵ̫ʹѡĺ¡
ˣڰǰҪǸԹԼʹߣӦѾԹˡ
һձůˣӭĴ綼ŴϢ
µйε
ʮְϣȥκγԼʵǲôһֱûмʾأ
ֻ򣬰ѱĶˡ
Զһ˿첽߹ΪһϯʿӿŲȥסϯʿȥ·ͣôôæ
ϯʿ֣ͬΪգֵһֶûиĸֵܣ¼ҹˣϯ͸ɱϤ
ϯ壺ô򣿡
жߣ̶ʮչͱϯʿˣաϣǴҶеӡ
ϯ彥ˣֻǴѡеˡܹҪʲôضһҪáϡȥƴġڳһϣʲôûУһȥֻϡ
ͬΪգϯ岻뿴ȥֲϡϯҡԼȥΨһľǾ㲦
ȥߣҪй䡣ϯ
Цһ£ʣ֣أ
ǿǶ˶Ҫǿֵǰǵ̫ʦģȻûãƾͱͻ˸ǿȴһֱá
ڴϵλҲǶǿΪףϯ֮ĩϯ
򲻵ϯ彻ãǿǿ
ϯ壺в¡ͱȥˣȥȥȥ
ϯӲǰ˹ȥ
ϡȥȻȤȴҲеȵġ
ǿȥأ
κ
ƽôʰһ߱Թһ˵ס꣬ͻȻҪߣôôʰأ˵㻹Լ˰ȥɽѵҪȥ˼˵һҪʧԼˣƽԼʰȫߵģѵ⼸Ͼ࣬߸ռ˺ܶ飬Ҵ֮䣬Ȼ鷿ȫǲܵġ
ԣֻİĴߣƫƫһ᲻ãͷأ˱Թ˵ˣκңǻϽߡ
ǡŴˣ䣬ЦŽˣ㲻˵ҿǲߵģ
ƽȫǻҳҲ룬վϣŴŭò֪񣡿˳ȥʰ˽
ŴЦһվڽ£ȼƽ¡˰Σﺰһ䣺ûУ
ɣ
ŴžٲϽף̵߽ݡ
ƽϣǴҴҶѸߵҲѵϵҴʰһԣճط
Ŵ齣ºЦ˵˵Ϊ̫ӹҪߵİɣ
ȥ꣬¡ѩʱڣκð˼ϡ¡
ѾȥĲֶܴһܽСκ˵Сκµ̫ӡ
κŵæ󳼽һͬ¡
ֶܴвܷǣҲ̹ףԳ그´Ӽгߺȥأ˵ܼҳ£ԻصκѰˣ֮ȵĹͲ֪ôģ굽˵ʱ޹Сش֮ʣʱ̫иܷǣòܷǰѴ͵ã³ߴΪ
̫ӽ̸ӷ룬⽫̫ͻء
ŴС̫ӵӦм١ΪС̫ʵκȥҲǽðС̫ӣҲһκĺðɣ
ҵʱ̫֮κĳ£ǰκҲŽ̫ԶԶ͵³ȥҲǼпܵġ
³С̫ӡŴκΨһժǹˣκ³£
Ŵԥһ˵ʵ³طǷŮӡ
ԣ³ǼпС̫ӵġ
κ룬תͷʴϵͲһС̫ӣĸףи
оĵģ˶ڵС̫Ӻ
ϣС̫ӿһκٿһ۲ܷǣͷŤ˵ҲĶӣ
ǳֱ׳
еһЦ
κҲЦͦϲӵĺӡ
ܷǰͷȥĳĴĳС̫͵³ߺ뿪ˣȻ̸С̫С̫ȴĳС̫Ӵӹ͵ġС̫һ·ص³
С̫ӵϵԸ⵱̫ӣݵȻͻᱻ˻ɡ
κʣʣŴʣС̫һֱҡͷҪô𻰣Ҫô˵Ҫ³
κͰС̫˵ϣҲ˵ϡ
ڹжһġӡ
ŴС̫ӻʲô⡣һκڣӽףǸջġС̫ӡ˻ûйӸߣʲô
üƽڿЦ
ƽһۣ̾˿
꣬ܿеҾ֣ųʹ³ĻͲٻȥˣҲҪˣλٻȥ
ժǹгʹʱҡ֣ࡢκ
Ҷ³١
ȥ֣ʱ֣еҲʧΪӢ֮оطּʣƲ⣬֣ҲԺƽʮꡣ
ڲŹȥ֣꣬һƬࡣ
ڶȥʱԣľͷͻһˣܾˡûжͣˡ
ڣĶòףҷֳ룬λ˵ûצϻҲˡ
ûп³紦̳ǣĸ󻼣ԾȣȾҪ̳Ǹٵ
ȴûѡ
κŴڣκܼ򵥾ͰΪκϣΪκȻûʲô⣬ֱǰ꣬κΪФǮҲŭնʮһˣ˵ΪЩ˰ѹеĶͳͳɾ
ƽЩԾκõúܺãⲻ
ðһѾ˺ܾõС̫ӣ
ƫƫκѾµС֮
ƽٿ˰ıκͰ׻ôˡ
˭ı㡭
˼ǰ󣬴Ʋ⣬֣ࡢκº˭أ
ǸУ˭ıأ
ǸӯӯǳЦŮӣ桭
ƽκٴȥˡ
ֻԥҪҪŴ
ֱų뿪κʱû˵ڡ
ΪĻ̫ЦˡһСŮӣıƾʲô
³ûǿʢزĶĵӣΪʲôҪô
ǲأ
ƽصԹʱء
ôû˶ϰߣûһ£̧̧Ƥ˵ڼҳԷķˡ
ƽСЦڼҳԣڼҳԣ֪һˡ
䣬ܽһͯүүʹ⣡Ҫȥѽƽ
ޣǡ
ƽֻø½
ڻϣǰˣձһֻϺ
ƽʺã£ĳյңöٷһ˼
ЦҪ̴򡣴³Ǹʲôˣ
ôˣƽʡ
³ʲô⣬Ҫ㡣
³ǲ֣ͬ
ƽʲô
ȻܸȤ³˵֮ޣ֮Ů֣֣ʩ֣ܿ࣬ԣҵȿ
ƽ
˳ʣ¼ǵãŻ˵³Ǹ֮ˣ԰ɣ
۸Сûһѹϲ˱ʹ졣
ƽ³ȷʵܡ
֣úúã
ƽ³һˣɽƻľǳҲ
üŶˣ
ƽĳִš
²űˣҲŴ򡣡
ƽ³֮ãժǹ
˵꣬ͼЦİкãһСŮӶѣкοɾ壿
ƽ̾Ҫ·̴ͬ¡ûԥֱǡ
ͶԼƽһܺü죬ϲǹ٣̾ʹӦ
ƽؼҺֻһͽˣ˻ؼ㼸ꡣ
нңԹˣҵȵܱΪϡƽ
ʮպ󣬼ƽǽҪʦʱż뿪˹


455 Ϊ
ǿסˡ
Ȼ˵ú, ִļʿ˲⵨
ǿѾüҹұˡȻ֮ǰ뵽ʲôҲ׼浶ǹͼڴڣһҪɲ¡
һжֵõġ
ǿĵԹ, ΪѾ»صֳ͹ˣ
̨ĶҾլѾ»ص˶ҵ, ޵ţȸݣĵĿ, ǰųӵ
ӵѾ½صֳǣպѸ, ǶҾͿ԰ˡϵ˶ϣϵ·˶ϣ
һдǺεȵҫﶼǵǵġ
ǿϲ˯, ù緹˯˯
ʱ洫ĺ, һ룬мǧȡ
ˣȴ, ļ˵
ǿ֮Ϳ
һƽȥ, ҲΪԹΪȥеʲôˡֻ֮ǰ, ִǶ
ˡ
ڶǿԹĵʮ죬ͳˡһ߼ᣬһ߹Ȼ֣ء
ֺ֣̽ճ, һ߷֣һԾ֣
Թ󽫾ûᣬֱǡٲ֮£׾ٵĹˣرɱ˸ɾؽ­ڳǽ֮ϣҾŮ裬۴СԱԴ
ԹûͣӶһպֱͦ
·ĳ粻ɱҲûʲô³ʳǲƱᱻߣ׳ӱΪūŮΪˣ򲻿˺ͺӶɱ˸ɾ
ȻһϮıʱϢ˳ȥھȱݣ֣ǲɢһ־ӣϢ͹֮ǰĳЩľӻ䣬£İʿˡȻӵ˵ϮϢһֱû취ۼЧĵֿ飬ֻܽճš
ʣ¼˽ļҲûеֿǶǾۼ𼸸Ȼɼ˽ӡ
˰ǵĻֲ̿ȱսðҲʼϼҴڵĳӴܡ
ЩǷ֮˽ճţֹӡѽ˳мҼһĴٰ׳ȫݲݼɾӡ
ԹֵϢһ͵֣İϡ
õϢҪһ㣬һ£֪ˡʱ䣬ʱ̫ˡôĻǿյû죬ͳˡʹ㣬ѵͲҪöǿȻһ£ȷ֮ٳ𣿡˵ǣͲ±
ҡͷֵͷôģǲö֪ھȷǵȵȿ
̣ʵڲϹָӡԴӷȥ۶֮ˣͽӪˣ
վȥӪ
æ˵˴ɡ˵㣬վǰ档
ֵĿ壬ѵʲô£㲻֪㵱һҾɬĳоͬô׳أĻ֮ˣı̹ô죿ҪȥˣʵڲУĳȥӪ뽫һѽòã
Ҳûܳȥסȥ뽪ˡ£һ˽¸˵ʲô
ӪλйߣرԶĺܿ죬ʱ򣬹㻹Ӱýߵġ
һھӪͲϴ軻·ˣ¥Ͽ߽ʱͱµͯƫȥˣһȻһˮͷŶûƶ۲һ飬ȥ˻ҳġ
˿Ÿɾˣƺú͸˺졣
߽һۣûͶ˵ȥСʵʲô
ȥӪ֮ǲ³ڲˣǲҪ³ڲˡ
䱻ͷôһñӣȻ㣺³Ҫһˣ³ĳ˽˴ûй³ϵڹһϣѹͬǴ
иӣȲޣܣȴ֪Լʲô
ǰ˵
ЦҪװɵ֮ϵĴǸӣˣе°Ҳòûйĳ̾ͷ
˫һɣ־Ͱ˵ʡ
ǧ֮Ҳ˿壬ƽǽĳҲֵһᡣĿһ䣬̵ĳվɱĳ𣿡
ȷʵԥˡ
Цһ£ͬһ仰ĳȴȥʹͷΪֻҪйĳͷ̾ͻء
üƾ˵ܸɵҺͰ
ҡͷĳ˵ǣҲͬȻÿһֶͬļˣǧҲһ³³֮ҡ
⻰е㾪ȡĿУȻǷǳǳõģû˱á֪ڹҲôġ
ΪԼȥ㰮ȴΪܶܶȥ
䱻סˣתΪᡣ
빫Ͷϣĳʮο΢Ц֪ͶԽİֻڵ֪֮ŷԼİɣ
ҡͷһġָԼĿڣϲҲϲңһϲġ
㲻˵ͷ˵Ȼˣβ죿һİ㣬ʲôõĵģЦ˵ѵԼСʵۣСʵ۲ʮѣＰϽӢǿ׳
俴һۣһǸСʵ۳úܺأѵưˣعҡͷúô˻ǰɣа԰ڹлǣʱǶģʵǶˡ
ҡͷ㲻ﷳҲȥȭͷǲ֪ʲôеĳˣڴʱϲó˲ܴܰҹܲס
ȻʧЦ룬Ҳ潪ѹϹİˣֻͲˡ
Һãϵǽɵú£ס
ĳһơ
俴֪ܴʲô⡣
㣺ϻ۾ףǿӲʾ֮䣺ʲô˼
㣺ɰ
ҡͷҲûáȥСʵ۾ͻȥҲ⡣
㣺ҪˣҪԱ˶ġ
û뵽ܡ˺óʱ䣬ȷʣ𣿡
϶УֻҪ󼸱飬ض
⣬ǡ󡱲ڣֻ˳
ʵ
ʱûˣҲ˵ʵ
ȥСʵǸʲôˣߵĴֶʲôġſϣ֪ʵ۵Ļλá
κиһգжãǺ˵ġݹʷܶǰһץסˣҪôҪô֮ǰժⶥ۹ڣ
ĻͻȻĳһ䣺뵱ʵۣ
ˣ̧ۿ
𽪵ԣ㲻ܵʵۡŮˡɰܵ³ܵʵ𣿵ʱ㻹ܰѰ̨ȥ
Ȼ
ý³ʱû˿ΪʲôĻȫų֮⣿λ޷ʵۣ
гһաپأóȥ
ƺǰıݱһƣ͸ڶĹâۼˣؾǰ档
ûѸɢԺ³ďԽԽ֮󡭡λҪô졣
һֱȥϽߵݵֻǽ
Ը
ʣԸ⡣
ֻµʱһ֮ˡܿԼȥժȡĹڣ˽İø

ڵûаǼƵȨУûбӰ죬ѵ˵
³ܴˡ
ոշ֣³ǳ֮УѾʢҰĺˡ
ȻʳΧеˡ
俴˴۵գô˵תͷ͸ĺ䡣
ˡ
Ϊı⡣
Ҫȥ̨΢Ц˵ںһµĺӡ
㻹𣿡ɳƵ
˼Ƭ̣վ˵ѣǲˡ
ؿһѶŵ۾ȣʲôҪӿȴһҲû취˵
һֻȵַϣŷԼڴձñ
һߡǸϤİ˵׶ֲ׶
³ס֣ߡһ£ЦҪȰ֣Ȱٺ֮Ϳˡ
һ˫ĿȻˮĺᣬĶˣյ
Ҫʺ𣿡ɳƵʡ
ܻҪҲܲᡣҪֱ֣ӲСʵ۵µ֡ʱپʺܽͲЦ˵
䲻˵˼ִʣҪ޸Сʵ𣿡
֪Ĳŷ˼һʱˣ˵ϣ֪̫Ծ̫ѹһ˾͵ס˵ϡ
ᡣ۾˵ֻһˡ
ֻҪ㲻뿪ҡ


456 Ȥ
ʱͷֵ˶̫ԡ󽫾Щ, ˷ˣ
ɵﰵԱԹΪ󽫾˵Ƭ̶ҡҲãڿǹ˵˴󽫾
ҰһֱǺܴģҲһֱ˵ȥСʵ, ܲʲôʱ, ֪Լ᲻ԹɱġȻԶԶĽޡ
ڣھࡢ֣κ֮ʼù˵Ϊ˶ġ
ǰȥ, װʲôû֣֣¡³ʱԺأ
, ҪרҵϻУ, һҰԵֱ˵֡ΪǿʱҲûаܹһΡҪˣʹ, ÿζӵõܵôˣ͸о, жսĵ, Ȼ˵, ֪ô
俴һ˵Ҫȥˡ
ˣüǱ֣
䣺Ҫôġ˵Լǲӱ, ڴϣԼȥԺ֪ʲôˡ
Ƭ̣ͷðɡЩ֣Сġ
ˣĵģлһ㱯ͲȷЩһ𣬺ױɾ
ܿó
׷ԼҰĺӵܵĸǲĲܹ棿
Ҫһֱ٣ҰιܾãûбøȨơȻҷȥҲ֮ĸǣϵԽԽ
һˣһҪֵðĵط仰˵ǮȨơǻۡƷ¡λȵȣ򵥵Ҳ˼ģ顣
õֻܸ㣬㡣
ӽõƽȡڣ˿̣ƽȶԴֻʣ½ˣֻվԶվߡ
õԲһݴӶʱڵԲ顢顢ȡļˣİˣռȫ˼밮ռˡʣµĲвȨƻǾӶǿԷģΨԡ
ǲȡġ
뺢ӡ
һӣǸºӣһͥͻὥԶ
ʱܼѺʹ࣬ûһ·ߡ
أܼ׷ȨȴԼҵôһİˣиִŵˡ
ԽߺһֱڷһֱԱĵȴţûȥ
˸תͷ
΢΢
Ժ󣬲ض԰չˣԼһ˵
üѽƵٴ
ҡͷһֱպߣҪԵࡣҪɳһˡ
Ժ³ضᶯһʱ䣬ʱ뽪䶼£ǻˣҲɳ
ҲҪǸ벻
㵱ȻӦ˵ѣǷαȥ󽫾ʹ
һ뿪ǲܰѹµȨȫ̳ģˡⲡϯ塢ңдߵĶϵˣ᲻ȥȨ
ʹ󽫾ǲϰȥסԼеȨġһϣ˻罪
Կõʹ󽫾ٷ꣬ǻͻȻԭǺɫ³ͻȻģϵǹǵУߵ˸Ļе˷·𶼲һű
ȻǾͻᵽڵʱǶôҸ˶¡
˵󽫾̫ˡ˵ΨһΣվսϵĵպͻ֪Σմǹǿģ˲Ż֣ᷢڱ֪ĵԣֱʱ˿̶Ϊʲô
˵º󣬹ԶԹĶǿȻѾǶǿܾͻᱻΪʡڵ壬ǲǿȥѶǿȳأ
Ӧõġͷؽ취ɣڳԹЩ
֧Ȼ֮ڿڣǾҪǮһĳ·
Ѿ˽֣ˣЩô죿ǼΪũūǾūʡ
ǳͨաǱۡ۷ֹͱ֣۾·۾Ǿūˡط۵ʱ򣬻ͨա
㣺Ǿͽһһжµж⣬ԼΪۡ
ͷ˵֮⣬Ϊ۵ģÿǮİ٣Ϊ۵ģÿǮһǧһΪۣȷǮǡ
üǮˡȸǮڵЩ֣췴
ĻѾʹˡ
ϾҪ̣ǮͲ
˵Ǯܿͻ׬ġҪȥսˣȱǮ
Ȿ·£һһЦмȤ£һϲ
ûЦȤʲô£
ʵΪֳǸǨ˲˿ٶȷǳ
һʼԷǣҲڵķǡǱֵز˰ղۣŮСɵʳģҲкܶصĶˣ˵ֳҲܳͷǨ
Ͼһ߷˿ڵǨƻŻһֱָ߷״ֳ̬Ƕȴһѧֱϡ
ôģ
Ȼ³ˣЩ³˶ǴֳǵģЩطʲô£
̫ˣϢĻǳ򣬻Ҫз
ҲǺҪ£ֱڣŵ
ֳͣİնǱεԬޡͨ޵ȵġ
ΪʲôΪЩеļ岻Լͬ˵ǹΪ֮İǳеİֳǸϡ
ɣ
ԭЩİȫƶ˼ңĲô˾Ҳûл·֮ҪôΪؤҪôɵˡ
ԣͨޡԬ޵ļ嶼ã˶ߺӾͻùˡ
ڷչͣ͵ĳôʧΪһð취
ǰǲҰߣΪЩҰΪҰһۼͻΣաЩǰ֮ǸۣԺӹ
ͨ޵ȵأǳˣȴءˣӹзԵģȻ࣬ȴһ㲻ְҵ
ûбĳ·ֻ
ǣֳǵĴʼ񣬸ʳԵʱϢͨޣһЩӵֳ
ͨ޷֮󣬲ֹٽֳǡ
ǰͿáͨȴ˺ܶӹֳڽϴԣ˵ֳǵʳԲ꣬Էơ
һжӱµĳ򶼷ð취˵ڣֳǶ˿ڶڲͣС
Ȿ˵֮£³ҲʼΪϧʳū뿪ӵΪ̫Ҳ˸ˡ
ã³Ҫ֣̣ⳡ̲ܴøе
ȷʵЦһЦ֮ùȥ⼸ط
ʳɡ
Ȼ⼸Ѿֳ޴һѾ̫ˡ
ͷʣȥ
ѾĺܾˣڴߵѣаյƣǽһЩѵģϾ͸ܺáȥģҲȥұˣϯ壬ϯȴٴ˵ĹϵʱʱԶ
ϯƿʲô
Ϊ˱˿Ҫųȥˡ
ãȥ
ְͨɡ
õϢûжӵͳˡǰ̲ŲȥС
뾪㣬Ʒˡ
˳˳ǣҡͷؿһ̲㲻ʲô
⣬ƣ̲ࡣ
洦ɼ̤ˣݳ¿İա
Զʮ򣬴֣Χпֵˡ
俴ľЦ˰ȴôߡ
򣺡Ҳᣬڼʱ֡
ߣôܲ᣿
һ;͵˷ǣҲϤг°СͿ
ҪЩҪЩ⵽ٹ˾ǲֳǱ֪̫ࡣ
䵹ǵһǣɰ춫ʱڽй䣬û뵽ﵹ˵һϢҴҸǣϻֳǡ
˴æֻ뿪
ߺʹˣ뿪
˵˵ʵҪժǹʺߵġ
򣺡ʲôʺ󣿡


457 ƹ
⼸, ֳǵİչͦĵġƹһƬãԱԱߵ֣Ե³Ķá
ˣˣͺĻ, һΧİ԰ȵȡ
, ֳ˻ӭİԾһҵСﲻԸˣźҪĸвŮղ, ֻһС˵ˣеĲڼүүֵܹܽ, ׺ŮŮ˵ðð, ˻ȥ˵еıץȥƨɴ˰˰ꡪӼᶨҪȥŮӼҵ
ͻȻðǵĹҪȥʺʱȫǡ̬, ƺԼĹȻҪȥʺ¸еǳġȤ
ԼҹԼ֪ȻϲƾĶ۰, еѹȢؼҵһҲûС
, Ƿ
ȻǷ, Ƿܵ
ôһ룬˻ʵۣûб˸Ȣء
˵ʵ۽ֻʮ, Ǹ꣬ʱȢ˹Ŷԣˣú塣ǵԹ˵ıû˿ɣ񣬴ǰĽϵϵڵĹϣ嵽ȥ
ڹƾʲôʺ󣬵ȻΪŲ̊Ĵ˵һ𣿳˹˭ʸ񵱻ʺأ
һųͺڴմʹʱֳǴ
е֮⣬ǷŻᱻĳЩָƷ²ãλģϣȻûзԵģȫ޳ɺͿЦġҶ졣
ϯ˻ʺ󣬶Ҳûкôʱûвѵ˵ġûһܷġ
ӷǵֳǣ̳ǵɵ㵽ٵĹ㷺ֳ̫࣬һ£Ϣʹȥˡ
ժǹʺͱ˻ʵѾּժǹʺˡ
·ϴȥȹһȦʹ߰׸һ֮£ĸ˵ðܵ³ȥˣĴ˵ֹӷҪȵֱȥ³ã϶ûô鷳ˡ
׸ٲҶൢ飬̣ӱ޵³ϡ
ٰ׸ʱ˵Ѿˣмֲ죬ô뱾𣿡
Сνûѡֻ̨Ǹ߽ѡŮ֮ȥǵ͵檡ŮŮˡ
ҲҵһߴӰ׸ļѡ׼ѡ͹ȥҪԴױƻҪһЩױ˼ҲŻӦ
˰׸粻Ҳ׸ȹյǮģ񣬰׸ǲһϣϻʵۡ
ʱ䣬׸ﶼֵ׼õļױˡ׸Ҳʵġָ㡱κԹĹпܵϺλңƹǸκġ
κ޾˵Ե֣ȻĽ޵ܻǺؽģÿ궼дţκܵĹϵ
ԼĽúŮκӦҲ˳ġ
Ѿȥ׼ˣԼû̫䱦˼ҽǰųһЩҲѡ˼Ǯ
һжڽУ׸ͻȻǶˡнⲻ
ȥ׷׸磬û׷ϣֻð̺׸˽
˵һգ׹ӵļ˴˵ʲô׹Ӵŭ˴Ҵ뿪ˡ֮ǰǹǲûüš
ȥǲط϶ٹʹӽϴˡ
³Ҫʺ󣿡ŭѡ
µ˵˵Ļ׼ֻǻԡ
أ׸ǲǹģҽ׬һʣۿҪ©ˣˡ
һ˾ýϵԲģӦŰ׸磬õó֤ݣҲȷʵǷ̨칫ŵӣʦ֣Уֶ칫ӣӶȢ˶ûԼң칫סء
һǶǧ֮˵Ʒҽûģ칫ƷԸ߹󣬱ϾҲҪһԼܽƭСǮ˼Ҳš
׸ʲôˣֲ֪ð칫ҡײƭˣѵąܷ̊́ȥ칫𣿻ǵưͿˡ
߳죬ý㷣ĸԵĳҲժǹ󰮡˵ǵĳĸ⣺ϣժǹǵϣǵãȻǲǵá
ĸǴԷˡ³ܵʺ󣬱ضѡеģϧԼضǰˡ
󾪣ˣˣĳҲֻдţ͹֮ĳԲȢ˹ŮΪޣǰ̫ˡ˵ǸõĴԿܲһˣڶ඼ˡ͹֮ŷ֣⹫³һ֮£֮ϣ³ܣ￴СС
ȢˣҲŴͷ
ֻϧЩ
һ׮£ֿʼǴǲΪ档
ġǽҪ͵ıã
ֻиŻʺмֵֻһ檣Ǿûˡ
ĸҲҳ⣬ֻ˵߶͡κһ³һ
ŭĳôǮκ³Ҫݼױݴݣ
ĸͷֱ֣ĸ޵ֽС
ǿҪ¿ɫ
ĸԥһ£˵֪֣֮£˵Ѿɳˡ
ŵÿϵץסĸʣôô죿֣ڣΪβɱ
ĸ֪֣ΪβһҲԹ˵Թǿ׳нñ֣˶ԵУѻʯһͿء
ɪɪ¶ģ͵ԹȥԹ
Թǿʢֻʺ֮λҲС̾ǰҲλһλŽˣΰ˵ԭвࡣ
ĸֵյǹѷˣβֱ׷
⣺ĳ𣿡Ͻ֮󾤾ҵҵһ˯
ĸ֣ΪβܣŵҡͷĳᲢۣɣɣĸȰԷƱʱǻᡭĸȰһ֣֣Ѿ˥ۿҪˣڲֲаա⣬ںȵ
ĶˣǾ͹ȥͬʱʿǲҪ֣úô˽С
׸շת³һ·ĶǡժǹҪʺĴԣ֮䣬칫ǲ˽
ֻɵˮʱٴ𣬴ӷǵֳǵһ·ϣڿֳΧʢľﵽ˶塣
Դ˵ҿժǹδزܵʺ󡣡
ˣӣҲ˵ġ³ɡ
Ͻ°˿ؼȥ
׸û³³Ļ£糯¡ĿУ³ֵҡ
Ȼкôǲһ˵ġ
ֻǴ칫е֪³Ǻϣϻʺпһٱͻȥͺܶˡ
ǳϹϵǲǵġ
û뵽ǾȻ³ҪΪʺĴԡ
ڿ³֮⻰˵ġ
칫һݺ͵³ժǹֳǴ³ߵĸ˭³س˭ȥݷá
˸ʵĹȤš
ԭ³гģ
мˣ
ڱ˸񣬶Ҫнͯ
һ³
˶԰׸˵ҹ۴正ֻ¡ᵱʺ󡣡ˡ
׸סؿڡ
˵ˣ
֪ȥϢˣˣȫˣ


458 Ϊ
ڵ˰Ƭʱ, ͨԼдںܲ۵Ľáĳˡֺ˺ԵĴơǻʦ汲д۴
԰׸һʼû˽ÿ춼յӴ
˻Ǽͳͳ͵С
ȻûҪ, Ҳ, С£˽ˣҲһɻܺ͵бȶԡ
ͽյûйܡ
ȫ, ϲȫ˽ӡ
ֻнһ, ʳ
ͻȻǾһԷޣǮǷһ𻨵, Ҳ˵ˡ
֮˶յͬһϵһºű, Ϊհ׵ܵ㸮ȥˡ
㸮ϵĹܼҿĽӴĿǵ۶ˣ, , ֽмĿȥ, ĵ󷢾ѧʶҲĶãֱӰǿȵ˴ˡ
ȹ, ԽӼŸ͸õʹ
ʱѾĩ³
ڸȥĻ״ա
ȥֳǸİճ˻ƶ֮⣬Ѿʼֻˣʱֻ͵͵֣Ϊǰ˰ģͨһ꣬󼸺ȫᱻ˰ߡ
ƶֶͬǰһֱϣţԵģ³ţĲ࣬Զ˰ʱһ۳ɱĶǮ
ǸֻƶȴδظֻףٲҴ󷽷֡
ǡ̽һԺ󣬷û˹ܣûڷպȥһð˺ֻܶ׵ġ
ϾʳƶֻǶӶòеʱȥԵĴƷ
ǣȥķգͳƵڱˣԭֻƶģһ϶ֻˣǻ׾Ȼգǰ汲Ǽеյöö࣬ͻȻˣ칫ٵҲ鷳ֺ˼ӵһ𣬾ͻ˻׵Ĵա
꿪ֳǺͷȫֵǻףƶѾʧˡ
ʲôɲأ
ԶԷĿʼֵˡǰǲ֣Ҳ֪ʲôôֻ֣һֱȣԼԸȥ֡
гɹˡ
ȥ˰ͼչףЩȥռˡ㣬ҡһϻƶȴδزῴϻס
˾ץץ˾ɱ˵
ĵߣûԥ͵ͷˡʵҲǸᡣ˵
׷գÿӳ֤Ůбʳ
һ£ͷùȥˡ
кǫ̂Իá
Ǹ׸磬Ǵȥʡ
һ˵ʹ߶ᱻȵʥּˣּ󣬰ѹʹһȥһ굽ʱʹߵ޽ܵĹϵʹҲǹڷ̨ĵһ֣˳Ļܹϵһֱȥ
ͬʱʹ߾ĹǺϣϻʺΪܱǶ־룬Ҳ
׸ôģʡ
ҡͷ˻֡Ȼڷ̨ǻʺѡҲǵȻġԴ˺⡣
ǾͲš˵׳׸£ѣǰʫʣȻϰд״³ҵʫʣ̨ȥЦһ£˵ժǹ±ϵۣŹ£Ϊʺ󡣡
㣺ⴵе
ǹġ
ժǹ֮󣬷̨ܺ
׽ڴӰ׸кʹ׳ºƽд˼Ϊ׵ʫ裬Լ˵˭Ȼ̫񰡡
ʫеȻǿ乫ġ
س̲֮Уѩò֪
߹󣬸߹󵽺ʹʵһ
״ϻۺѧеһ¡
֮󣬿ʼתۡ
ǣסҲǽԪ岻áӲáֱִ󱻼鳼
Ⱥǻơҡҡ
߶С̫ӣһʱӶᴩһڳ̡
ȻʼȺϵɳǣͷ¶絶˪
Ʒ¸У˶̼ӺҪĶѰ·
۷³Լˣǧٿ׵³󣬴̳Ǹ˻׵ܼλ
գݲݡ³İÿ춼á
һƪܺϸ¡вĿͷתۣĥѵǣҲĴԲ֡û
Ժ⣬Ȼ֪ʲôǴص㣬ҪȥһҪ֪֪ʲô
ǲҪֻ࣬ҪһʵĹ¡
Ȱ׸ò׳ŷ˼ط磬˼³³ݵĴ³󣬹ԡдʫѾˡ
һ·һ·Ϊǻʵ۵ʹдģԸ˿Ŷȡ
ǺϤ·
ǰκʹ߹ž˵ȥ³İ׸д˿ҫ³ʫȥκ˵ݼĳΪһ£κжúܣסžõ˵лӣ
Ϊ軭ľݣžûκȻκϡ
κȻģ紺ˮ˼֮ǡžû˴ıīȥ軭۾ͷ̬ζȻٰκñȹ֮󣬽ˡ
κȰƪ´ˣȻ⴫ȥЧ³ƪù㡣
žòǰ겻Ĳɣֽ˺Ѳɣߣ
ԹʹҲ˵³κʼ乫ˣ涼ûţһֱĶԹĴӣһֶ̫ûеġΨΨųӡ
ʹҲ˵һ˼֣ȲˮֲԹ˼ɴװɵݷãװȥˡ
ɷջǴ˷̨
ȵõϢȥ칫Ǻʱ³˹ϵǶôΪ³
칫ûȻϣ˶ʮʮˣöչȥˣë˵ҴҸȰ˵ȰȰ칫ƹƢôݴȣǧܸһʶִܾɤŴǺãȷ˾;ڲ֮أʵôῴأܣ
ȰȰȥ칫ˡ
ëֵʱҪԭ˿϶ͨһĶ࣬ʣµ˶ȥˡҲп˵ôһ˵칫»񣬵ʱͲòԭǸ칫öȥ꣬ȵıʾļζ˲ԣôҲſЩƹʧ֮ҲϣʡǹϵŲƽϣȻ껹Ƣպ󵽱˼ʧͶˡ
껹ңҿͷ칫ӵĻҪѪָŰѰ׸ʫ豨ļ˵ʣڽ϶ʲôԩûУëѸպøϵˣţƹƹ
һץסҪȥʵĻСӣ˶ϳȥȰȰȰȰ
ˣëæСԻ˵ƹǧСİ겻⣺ΪҪĳСģѲ϶Ҷֲɣ˵üëҪ
ëҡͷ칫޹ءֻĳʫǰ׸װ׸ǰʫ裬иܸ̾侳֮Уһ³֮
ƹã׸ó𣿡

ߵĲɽȣһӲҪĴʾ䣬һˮһ׹͡
꣺ѵ칫˵Ҳˡ
ëЦҡͷС˵칫ֻҲδ칫Ҳδó
ʫʱһ˼ɵģȻǴȴò渵ڽһ˶֪Ĺ£Ҫǰһˣ䵽㶼ˣס졣
ë˵¡Ҫ˵κľͲ³ĺһ״Ĺ֪ˡ
κĿȥǸŮǰߵòȻߵǺǣǷ̨µİҲŰ
³ֱ׵Ŀ£ֱӷ˲Ҳţ˶룬Ǽٵģ³Ҳ˵
³ֻǻᵱʺİɣ
ëѣڽϵİն³ȤȶκȤ󡣡֮³ʫĸࡣ
³ᵱʺԣȻʫ³Ʒ±ضǸ߹ģǻҲضǾ˵ģضġǣôܵʺ
ܵʺһжġ
һǳǳĵΪ򡣡ëѵ³иˡΪ³ȡúλ
ѾˣԤϵø㣺ζţѡĻʺ³ͱб³ƷʲСȻ̨µİһǵġ
ھͿʼһ³Ҫ³ϻʺķڡ
ڻʵ۲ķ̨˵ǻʵ۵黹絣ĶࡣʵǴˡһɣ糱ͻΪȱݡ
ɰѱ˹
Ҳѡһܾ£ѡһҶĻʺ֮ǰʲôҪȥһ޸ѹ³
õʱȥԽãǶ³ԽϤڣʫտʼʱһѹҲʡġʱ䣬ԺҪٱǧȥŤתơ
̾Ϣֻ£˲ô롣ô룬δغһеĲ³ʲôвִϷÿζҪһأеģѡ³Ҳûʲôʵ۶ûαΪʺôģѡһˣ
Ϊ֮УҲٸ칫ƽˡҴ뿪ëҲȥ칫ǡ
칫ӱëѣԶ˵ȥ³׸硣Ͻɡ
СӣҪ˳ˡ


459 
׸ڹò
ⱲԵһ¾Ͷ˸̥, ˸ɵĺģԸĸܰ칫£칫ɰԼһ󣬵СӸʲôʲôк, ˻Ѿˡ
ݵ칫º, Լĸĸ˾ԶˡСԶһֱʮóȥѧ˲ŵһλؼ, ֮ǰǼͶ, ĸֵܽá
죬Ʈ, صҼˣָĸдĸĸүү, һ㣬Ǿ͸ԵС㡣
ֳȴȢ˺ĸĵ
ֵܶǽֱߵ·, Ų, ദûĸӦ
, ׸綼⡣ֳĶӵӣؾ˸ĸϼ׵Ĵ㣬Ȼ칫칫һͨ, Ͱյĵ칫ҵ˽ʦţȻ칫ǧҪͻؼңĵ칫ⱲӾ칫գҲ칫ˣ칫ûŮɣһ
칫һ٣ѡһŮӶϳȥѧСӾͳȥ¾ܻˣ
׸ˣֻˣӵ˵ȢСкˣǾܻˡ
칫ִһ٣ȥˡ
֮󣬰׸칫ˡ
칫Ҳһ˫ӣȻ˵㣬ѧʻʵ㾫Ҳڼ£ĸôô˳۵ĲФӵһ
³칫һҵĻ
칫ĵȥ󣬰׸޷ȻʦֵǴĶãߺǸʲô˭˵׼
Щбµĺӣ͵ЩɢġûµģƴǳЩǿͭҲϲǿľҲˢϲᡣܻ˾С
׸ҪƽƽѲ°պҲ֮ˡ
˵һƬģ׸粻ǲ뱲ӶûŬȥ׷ȡʲôƽ˳꣬ʳ㣬˿칫ϣҲϸ߿һۣѴ֮ˡ
ԣ˵û־Ҳã˵ûҲգ˱ƽ
ûôΪгкȣ֣˲֮ܳ⣬øһ٣ʱʱĹ໹ԽӼһϯڹᣬ¶¶档
׸ϯϾġ
׸ҡͷԵĸźߺߣĸ輿ġݳ衣
輿ºߵ˴ʫţ׷̣ɻм
׸ҡͷ̾ż֮˱ȼ֮ⱲдʫˣܻȥȰѼʫʶˡ
һһƷ㹻ˡ
żΪ˻᲻ޣ᲻ƽûϵȻǸˣʱ߿ۡ
˻ǲܷŵġ
׸粻³³ܰժǹжֻʵ䷴
ⷴ³λԽԽԶ
ѳ¸˹㡣
ԶԶ֪ĸ˼顣
δһ˼ݡ׸һյСͣпżϣȵ÷ˣͲΪƺʧԡ
½λ٣Ǿȥּּϸǵĳ˱µӡгķӡ
ӡҲֻԼҸãû˵õõġķӡȵ״ͣһʼùϳõġ
ǲϲġ׸翴³ͳһȨ̰Ȩ˷Żѡ³ʺ󡣶ֻҪԸѡ³ѷ̨˶ͨҲûá
˵ö칫Ȱ˻ƹٰѵ˵ˣԸʲô״׸׷ѹˡ
ԭѧ˽
ô˵̨ʵ̨һ
ҡͷһǳֻԼܣе¶ȥܵġֻҪͷϻĵͲĽϵİûжӡйģ
ҵ˼ǣһìܡ˵
׹ˣô£
ͷٰҵ´ø㡣˵³£³ɣҾ߳ɡٰҲ˵һ˵ֳڼΪʢеŶһᡣ
Ȩ֮ʵһֱڣŮһĶģɵɣϵĴеڵ壬׵ĲƲԡ
һߣǳǳǶŮΪֹƷĹ淶ƣרŮԵĹ԰ᣬŮԱΪԵãӹŴִСš
ʱֻǸոտʼŮԵĲƲȨ϶ѡŮԿмױԼĲƲֻܴӸҵҡ
ͬʱıŸոտʼǧ꣬޵ʫʹ˵УŮԵĴںۣرĸŮĸ̳Ӻɽֹȵء
罪ŮǴĸ̳ɽ
Իʵ۵ŮҲŮ
ӹϵĴ˵УŮ˵Ů峤ǿΪԼɷºձ顣˵Ů˾꣬ڵʿӶֻޣã˵淢£۵ô¾ģͺ˵ˡ
ԣӡвΪôԽܡ
̨˺³˲̨ͬܽܣ³Ҳܽܡ
Ҳʱ̽һ¹˵̬ȡ
ս˵ģʼڹɢԡ
ֳǵĴСһҲһ٣Ҳ˵࣬ҲмİĺӡŮӻýݣǽ־ժǹѧľڷ͡
ǵ˽׵ʱǰзǲ־ŸߣŮǲòˡŮзҪһзŮҪһࡣ
׵ã
ˣòͨнŮ͡ô죿
ŮΣҲǳֻ޲òɣܱ˹顣
ӲҪǿײɷ
ֻܽҡ
ŮԽԽձ顣ΪһŮ޼ѾʼڰˡһŮж࣬һҲΪŮԵŻ˳ŮΪĺôصСŮѾ˵ס
ŮӵҪТ˳ĸãҪܵסнŵɷ򡣾ϸ֦ͦ۵ġ
һǰ㲻ȷ֪߳ɺʲôӦȴһˡ
Ըշųȥʣγɷ糱̾ͱҵ˷Ҫ㣺Ϊ㣬Ϊ׵ܣ̵ܣкβɣ
Ҫ˵£ǻл˵ȥ˹۵ǮҲûЩȥĹҲֻζѣʵְҲû᷸ȻҲûбǣ
ңǡ¡ҪƷҪȰЩְĹٸջǿм˰ٸǮСң˭˵ǵĹģƷ¸вűʶµģǾǽ𰡡
ûӡ
ԣûһ¡
ⲻ˵ɵú
ȻɵúãӦáԼȥʲô
еŮȿʼ潪վӳ޸裬Ѿ˺ôʱժǹ˸浹ˣѾĺô̼ͻᱻߡôԸ⣿ʱֹ֧Լ·չ£δزڼҲһչŻ
иǾøĸڣ㵱Ƕ°ڻأȫǹе˭ܣйôôأ
Ҳ˵״ЦеģúõĽӴˣúõˣٰߣºּ
ϯҲ˵ţ̾ͱϯ尲µûпϾ˱Թ˵ϯӴ˺󣬿ͿİͳţͷͰ˸˹
˿վڴ⣬
˿Ҿߣߡ
ȵǰѾʻֽǿˣתؼҡ
ˣҪȥԵģ
˿ҡͷ̾һǵġѹе߳¸ӹġǺǡ
ˣҪȻװɡ
˿ԥһ£ҡͷǸزȿ
ȴӽϵҥԿʼġ
ҥԲûбֹ˵һкСȹкʤͿɼˡ


460 裬
е㷳
Ϊ⵽˸Χ׷½, Ѿܾûֹġ֮ˡȫų׷³߸߸үү̨ʲôʲôְλĳһ³ơ
ԱţϸԨԴļ׺, Ҫʹļ׵Ȱ潪, 񣡡
ڵѾˣԾ㱻ץס½ʹ޴Ҳ̩Ȼʾ˿˸Ͻ˼͵ƫȥϢóû֮󼪡
û˵, ˵ǽѵ
ҳǾʹĵķִ׽Բء
й̫, ŮľӴüǾͱסȥ·, ǰкŮ죬λУߺ, ˵ղžǴ
Ļˣе˰ڰѽȰ;ϣûʲôѵ⽪ǰи, ôûˣô˵, ¶, ˲ɵӣⶼˣǲڵڻֱ粻ĿЦ, δ֪ʲôһ֪˭ǡ
ŷԼ̫ûţѾ̫ôˡ
еĿǰȷʵûкʵеķ˵ڹе˷ֳߣһϣǵġӵ³ɹλȻȥϷֽԽ߲ҪΪҪյǽЩڱˣ
һǾڽϾҪȥʺˡˣ
ɹ˻ʺ³˵һǼ¡ڶԴֵĿǣԽһвԶӦñκ˴Ļ³
󣬵վġԹ㡢ϯͶ˿ΪҪ
ϯ塢˿Լ͸Ŀġ
þ³ⳡҲӮˡ
̬͵Ĳ˾Ͱѳ·ųȥ
ԭļƻȷųԼϢѹзԵ˶嶼˭ʵķŮӲźٰѳշʥּϸǵϢųȥʾܵʺ󣨿ȡΪһһġҪ֮ǰȥѳɡ
˴඼Ǹ߾ŴͳһĴ죬ΰоֹΪʣԲָָĹʧ
ǾҪáŮӲΪ飬ָð浹
ԣʱóʵġ
ʵȻȷģʵ۲᷸һǱˡƵ̨һǶԵģ˵ԵĲһ
ԣ÷ӡڻʵ۵ʥּϣʵּûйӡΪ˸룬Ӧٿ̸ӡĸ·ϡ
˵Եˣȥ
Ǿû
ԸЩˡ
½㣬˼һ£¸ʼȥˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʼ
ʼصֳǺδ򣬽ĻָһǰķɡֱͦϵƷ·һ㡣
үǰҡƳ̾һүٵˡ
ӹ㽻ϵ¿һ飬ɵľҷԹԼƨûɾġҲңЩҵŵ˭үģ࣬ĳܽЩ˱졣
ûɲСҪ򣬳³˽֪˶֪Ϊòòòòֹ¶ʱ򣬹Ӯݲʵˡ
Щ˱첻ˣͼˣ»һоͲʹˡ
һ۱书
ʼͻȥЩ˼һģȻֻЩ˼ҳøˡ
ܿ죬ֳǵǣˮͨޡԬޣԶ꣬˵ժǹҪʺϢ
ͬʱҲ˵ֳΪ̵ָ¶ָ˾ס
ͨޡ
ˮǸλ÷ֳ˼֧һȥĳΪӡ
£ͨޡԬǣΧмʮС
˴£࣬Ѿͨޡ
ͨ紿ӣΪźӵ䷢ͨ޼նǿźӵҡźӵߵǧݣںҡ
ԬҲźӵơͬʵһ㣬ذգҶΧٺӵĳҲҪ˵ûڱд
˵ʲô㣬Ǵû߳ȥ
ҾĴ˵
ΪֳǰգǰûĹҺҡ˵ңǰԪҲ⣬ڣһӵʾãҪСţҵ
ҡҡҪʲô
ЩռһǣѾȻΪطһԣҲԣǵӵֻԼҵϢȴ뿪ﵽȥֳǡ
ĸ岻ֳռһϯ֮أ
ֳǰգʵĶ塣
ɶҡҡļ˵һ׾٣ʵ졣
Ϊǲ뿪磬뿪ǵƾ͵Ȼ޴档
ҾѡǷֳһֳ֧ǣͭһ˼Ĺ򹩳һֳȻֳֻеңȴҲͭˡ
ΪЩڱѾûб·ˣҪ뷢չüһ̶ˮֻߣҲֻȥֳǡ
ڳʱð֮ȢŮҲ߶뿪
ҵʱԣ뿿ҴֳǡһУŮµĺֻҪսպҷҲָտɴ
ϧˡ
ҲΪʲôûеֳȥԵʡ
Ǻҡ
ҵʱΪƱˣƵλû˶ңѾԳƵĻˡ
ˣڵĴλһǲҿǵĴǵұ¡
ںңܴûû뷨ƺԸƫͨޣûҪȥֳǡ
һ·Ǻֱӵ˺ҵţֱԵǲʹ̨
ҵ˳ĬƬ̣ʹһǧʮĿڣԸ
Ȼʹʹʮʯʳ䱦
ҡͷúϣֻ㶫𣿡
ֻϼӣǲܼӶ٣ֻҡͷ
Ȼһʼ;߲ƣҲ̫ˡ
Ƕ򲻾Ҳʵǲңֻӡ
룬˵ҪټЩʳǮʹӦЩʱգ˵ҪȥңϣѾܽ㹻ĶˡһԭֹҪһҵ鷳һţһ߸š
ʱ̫үɥ¡
ڳ롣
ʱ˿̣ҪǮȻʡǻʵҲû˵ű˼˵ʱҪˣǾ̫ʧҲ̫ˡ
һԹҵɥ£̫үʫȻ뿪ˡ
ͷβûҪǮ¡
صʱһһ̫үҲغˡҲ˰ᦣТڰ
ֱҸ̸Ǹˣ˼Ҳ˸үүƷ׼˵պǺ󽻳һ
ҵһ㶣ҵ潻ôࣿ
üȻġԴһƬģ¿ɼҰղȴʮ컹δǣԴǷʲôһﻳɸͨŵҵһҡͷĳԴв򣺡ѵΪժǹ֮£ҿȥ𣿡
ȷʵ˿ժǹǰҲûٵ˵˵ֻҲûʲô˵ģһԶͨ޾Լһ˭ȥǲɣ
ժǹֲǴξһ
ѺͺҾܾҪĹƷϵһˣͳ˺Ҷ̨״ˡ
ǴʧɫǾûеģ飡
Ƶҽ٣ҲҪ٣˵㽻
ǵȻȻͨ޼ˣͨϵķӺؿ˵ǺҵĲƲⲢζźҿ԰ѷӺض˻Ǯ͸
ǲܶ˸ȥô֪ȻҪң
סںңĴˣûиһҡ
ɳ˺͵ȻţõȲͻţһĽһŭʱ˿̣һҵȻӲҺͺվһǾɷˣһҲǴҶԸ⡣
ֻҲ̸֪ʲôһӺҡΪжٽһҲ֪жٽòģһҲò
Һǣŭ£һ취
˶סӵΣλεԬˮƽ쵽Ѵڣӵˮȴһһ٣ǺԵʣ
ʮպ󣬺˽ӵըӿĺˮӿԬޡ
Ц£ҿһôõó
Ѷ뿪˺ңҪšǸ߸˵뿪Ծӹһ١
·ϷŲȵĴˡ
˰н̣һʮĸˡǴӺȥҵģ˸ǴȥҵġЦһߣҵӦܵˡ
ǰǺңûΪװɵʺңûΪǺҹ⡣
ҵٵңʣѰˡ
˵ҴǸϹƷˣ
ҡͷҹǽƷʲôǽϾͽҺθɣܴյǮʳղҲ޸ɡ
˵ǵȥǰһˣ򣺡ôܣͨ޺Ԭ޴ңҲܿ˭


461 
ļǺѴ, ȻûôˮǷˮ˭Ҳ˵С
ˮȥǱ̵˲٣ϢֳǣȷľĻ, 顣
Ѿƶ˷Ҫ, 򵥵˵ȰҪ, 뿪Ҫˡơ, Щӵ붼ǽϴ, ǻˡơӳǸѩϼ˪ˡ
ΪͨͨѶʱֳǵ˹ȥȫʵ, ֻܿصĴȶƣֹ񣬷, ֱȹʱڡ
ĵ̲, ûôǮ, ûô˽ЩǵһƷǻΪĵһĿꡣ
ԴҶѡӳ
, Ҳȥ
ʣµľ͵ƽϢ󡪡굽һʱ䣬˹ȥ鿴
仰˵˶ˣˣ캮ضҲˣҲͿԽȥˡ
˵زҪʵҲֱ˵ֻҪȷ¾Ϳˡ
һ᲻ܳΪˡˣ
ڶ᲻
ֻҪܱ֤־Ǿȳɹˡİգºʢļڵǡ
˵꣬ͼ
²֣֣ʱĲΪȻضʼĹİˡ
û˵
СȥҪ
ͷԡӳҳУȡ·Ѻưá
һ
ֳֵǡ̳ǵƶȥ
³ľǻƶˣֳǡǡ̳ǡֺϣǵ붼ǻƶ
ΪǶԻƶˣǼжŻءĻƶгϳ֡Żƶļ۸񣬿˵гϳֶٶˡ
֮ǰƶŵȥȥ굽һֱȱԼֳ˺üߴú֣ûлšһԼ취ԼһЩа취˴û취ľǵ³
뵱ʱһԶǺǵģڲûнͽȥһΪԶһҲʱ³ߵʳΪȥͶ
ĺѶǽҳˣ˭־˵ˡ˵ģҲ˵«ūģ˵̫ϵġڱѡġ̫֡࣬һʱ֮ĺʵڲѩ£ֻϡͿᡣ
Ѿһƣ˭ҳף˭ܶ
仰˵˭ȭͷƤӹȰ˶ˣٰ˶ˣͿԵˡ
λ«ūû˾ܱסλ
Ҫб£Ҳôҡ
ôͳΪҳã⡣ƶŵȥֱҪ̨ٽһ
ƻûб仯죬ƶֻ͵ȥˡ
㲻⣺˻ƶȥʲôƶȥƻܲϧ
Ȱӵؿʱþӷ
һ£ȷʵҪȲǱ߰еϧˡ
ᣬҪ󣺡һصҪӳͳͳ¹ƣǴǮ׳˽Ҳ
ھǰҸˡ
ʹĴӦǱߵСҸҪƤͰɡ
ڶİձӾӹƣ˽еᡢɱˣһΪģɱ
ȵصİհ
ԥǵͷ
ǹģһĹϾɱһҪһ棬ҲҪʵһ档ľֵ˹ݡ
ô򵥾ͷĲãԶԶ硣
˺ܿ췢˴Ļƶгߵ£ǿʼռȡƶҲ˼беռطĻƶƺͻȻֵǮˡ
еİտʼµȥһƶеûٿµأеĽǽһЩµʱҲչ˵ƶܳԵģҲ˷ѡ
ϻֳʱͷӸˣˮҲ˾ӣ˴غӶ£ȥ
˾ȵѵѾ֪ˣ
ȴ˸𾪣ⲻ֪ˣǲ֪ˣѾ˲á
̫˼ˣ
ǰԼһǰ֮׵ʱСط鱨ֳǣһֱ֮ˮֱ˺ˣ̨ŻῪʼô¡
ֻٳһӣǰаҪôѾˡǵһΪŮȶγһҰҰΪ󣬴˵ذմѹ
֮ǰȥܡ
صֳǺȰ¸߶˿ڴĵٹĶˣȻڽɢһЩԣȱӵ󣬾ͻγɷ糱˾Ͳòˡ
ûϵû֮ǰѾˡ
һֿһۣس̾ȥйɣҪ
йϵûм˿Ӵ˵ǵº䣬ȥϢˡ
˿ԡ
˿̨صǣ㣬زϡ
ǹĲ״ʵںˣ̨ԣĳԸٸյأ
˵Ըȥ֡
ǲ˸ġҲΪʮþȡ
˿û˵ʲôֻȥúϢȴԵţϴµʳʾ踧οȻ˵ȥ˵Ҫã仹ˣܻؿԪȥһ˿ԪΡ
ûϵɻ֮ſʵǴǲ˺ˣǰգûм帺ۣôѡ֮⣬˭Ըȥֵطѹסأ
ڻȥǱô˶ûϵô˺޶ν̬ġ
Ϊеڶ
˿ȥ϶취ƴˡ
˿ײЦҡͷҪңǲȥ鷳ġֻǴǲ˺ˣҲֻ֪Ҫ֪ǰŲȥˡ

񰮻һѱѵҪʺϵʱնҪˡ
򲢷ǲĵֻǲ뵱ֻһεĵ
û˿ʲôһš
ֳǾҪôļֵվȥԪǡԴ˵
˵ǽŻβϢ죿
ʱϢ򸧶Ŀڲ˯һ۾ԼĿӾǰƮĸﶼ֪ļ˻֣»Ұ
ֻȥʰ¶ϴֻȫӵɾ·ֲֻйȥ˵гϵĳǺãúܡ
һʰһ·ЬӡӡͷⶼҪģҲȫȥҪġ
ʰţݷˡ
˵ˣġ
ʰȵѵ㻹Ҫȥ˵£ͷҲûЦ͵ܲҪ֡
Ļ֣˵ŵˣ˵ûϵ
·ʲô˵ڣ䷢ˣΪǮ˭֪ڱ֮ǰֻһˣ·ֻмȫޡ
ˡҪ˻ȥ̲͸
ҡͷȥԪǡȥ֮ǰ͵ûʲôҪҵģһæȥԪǣû˵ȥʲô
ҡͷֻҹȥȥʲôû˵ԿԪҲƵһ֪ǰûȥԪǣҲûĹԪǡֻ֪Ԫиϡˣֻʣӵֳǵһ֧ڵĿԪʲô֪
Ȼ֪ڿԪʲôȴ֪ԿԪʲô
ؿԪؿԪ
ǻȥ˵ٰѿԪˡ
ȻҪһ֮ģҲһЩô
˵֮󣬾͵ۡ
䣺ֳ˿ԪǣȥҸһ㡣
ǸӿⱲӡȥˡ
ĴӦ
䣬˹˵Ҫģ𣿡ҡͷȥҪģȻϰѲҿһˡ


462 ޣ޴
ؼҺԲ, ˷ʣûͨ뽪𣿡˿Ǳߵ·Ѿ߲ͨˣǲܣʹ߽̣ͨ취˵ȥԪǡ
ȥԪˣȴй, á
ҡͷ, ܴΣ˵ֻ̨͵ʳԵʱǾŴ, زᱳѴ˵ϲǺβ취·
ԥһ, ͷӦ̾Ųý, лʲô䱦ʰ͸ɡ
֣յһɽɽ˵ɽʱ, ʪ˰Σ䦳
֣ϲﵱ͸棡Դ͵
˵֣صشֻóӴӭ, ǣ߽ȥ, Ц˵Ǻö, β͸һá
֣Ѿÿ쵽ˣ괺ʱѾ˳Ͽʼױ֬, ָףȾޢ߶϶˶һѪһʺ׹ӵѩ׵ĶϣԵýۿˡ
뽪ĸܺã˻ûʽԲ⹨˼¸صռԺļգٸ֮Բķޣʱ֣Ϳˡ
Ƶ󣬲㶼˵̫ˡȻΪ֣İȫ룬̫˵δǺ¡
СŮ֣۾Ǳ׼ĵۣȻǵƤβ⾫ġ
Ƥݣ쵰СͷӣСڣ޳硢ȣϸʮָϸ紺С
һ
ֻóĸԼжշ֣Լ޹ȥŮһǸˡʵҲȷʵˣԼ֣ΪԼةɹȥʧģ֮һֱֱ֣ȢŰΪˡ
Ѿɳˡ֣û̫ĻɢҴԾһֱһֱ͡
͡ѾΣΣ֣ʹ̸ҪǮҪҪˡҪҪ
Ҫ궫֣ϡյŴ
ȷʵܲҪ֣Ҳȷʵû취
֣Ѿ°ԼΪ󣬾˵ҲʮֶʱҲǱСԻģСȻɡ
Թ֣£ûи֣֣ĸµϢѾˡ˵һҹ֣жᣬסţһֱ˵ūū֪Ӣ䣬а취
ѽЩҪ¹ҹڽ⿪֣·ֻǺ±˯һ
ðɡǿġ
Ϊְ֣ģǲᶯĵġ֣󣬳ôľͻˡ
ȻҲǼ£Ϊӡ
Ȼĳܱң֣ȴƺѷڶԳѧŲȥ֣
仰˵Ṵˡ֣һĶ
ǰ֣֮Ĵڰ顣
ڰ֣һͽһСŮˡ
ʱСమֱʽģģȻŨȣٱܵİζֻʣ´ϵǵˡ
ƫƫǵ¶˵ʵֿɵãöˣͲϡˡ
֣ĸģȴϸˮʽġ
Ұ֣ժ໨ÿСʯͷиŮͷϵĻκÿﻻ͸ȵȡ
һЩС£ЩСһ̲ͣĳ֣ߡ
ۿ֣һձһոңЦݸۡ
֣İ󵽿ʼйصϡ
ݼڡ
Ұ㣬ſڵѻҶëӺ۾
ǡʡ˿ܵ΢Ĺذ
֣öҪΪԼġáʵ˾֪֣Ĳǻƽ䱦ǿꡣ

˵ʲôҲܾ
֣ܰĻƽ䱦ȥ֣˿ô죿Щӵǿߣ֣˲˾͵𡰱Ǵ˲Ų⣡
˵ǰֻ֣飬ڸֱܵصĹĺͰ͸жˡ
洿Сӣĸ鲻ܻʱֻôĸֿģֵȥϧġ
֣˵һĻ˵ǱѾֳʤˣͰ֣ˡ
صʣ˵͵һɽ֪ܷһۣ
˰ɽ
ɽҪ˵θҲã̵ĺۼǺԵģһֻŵ븫һʯϾɫֲĵûţº󵶺۶ûΡ
ˣϸִͣȻ񹤵ĸо˲δһɽǷɽһģһŨһǹʯᾣһɽƽдУһɽƶֱֱͣ¡
ԽԽһֵþú͵ı
ôֵһͣѵòȼ㣬һһ¡
̾˿ղ۾ˣʱֱ˸ףȻǷһ𡣡
ˣ˰ĲŷӦңuķң㣺ĸң
ֻû뵽Ǽˣ

ܳͷֻнȵĺӣͣӦñȽСȽ
ҲȷʵǲСˡ
ٿɽûȥˡ
㿴Ҫʲô𣿡ҡͷҲܲ÷ҳͷuȥ󣬷ֻʣꡭҲ˳֮˰ɣֻ밲һӣ뿪󣬽Ⱥͺ޿
ҡͷѵǵǲ·
֣ʲô·ֻܿ·˲֪Ҳ᲻֪
ľȻuˣǰ̼ϡǲ뿿ȡٻ󣬸߹Ծ
޵ۣ밲ӣǺβ뿪ֳǣȥߴ·ҲԽѧ٣ҲͶϵ;ȴͶʯ·ù֪ˣ
ܺĶԸȵĺӣǷҲˣĶԼĹ֣ܹܽµĺ
֣Ҫ׽֮ӵı
ҪˣҪǰu
˵ҵ˺ܶࡣ壬ҵɱ˷u׼Һ˻ҡҪϾ£Ͱҽĺˡ
Ϊʲôû
ΪȺĺδʱѽȺͺǽȺͺӾԶҪԼϼҳУ̰̰Ľ١շϺ˵ĽԺԶԶʤṩĽʳ
׵ض֪Լѡѡ񽾰ģĻţһٿЦĴȱġ
ҲǺҡԹ˵ܶԸǡ
ֱţŭ˦ˡ
ĴȱȷʵܿЦԳǿΪζݳޡɱuȴ׽ĺӶ֡
ϴվȥɱԷ˲
һأ
㲻Ҷһ
뿪йȥ˷ҡ
ҿһƶͲհյķˡ
ſ˰ȣû˿šȥֱȥ
ǰҲġ
ߵ·һ׷ҲȥôԼˣȥ
һͣƾɣ泾ȴ˿ŻĹ㣬Ҫ
һҾ¹ĺ빫
ĺ
һ£ЩԥҼ˲͡ذɡ
֪˹˭;ͲˡҲӲ˺档
ƹ÷һŷᡣ߻£Ӧסˡ
һŰĸСĴźվϣλʲôˣ
͵ˣݷүĿˡ
ãȻ޴룬ү͡
ָ˿ȥү
ŶŶתȥˡ
̾˿Թ˵빫òֺαһˣѾˡ
㲻ߡ
һֱûһֱվȣҲȡ
ȵɫת̫ɽˣһǰһõ߹ǰǸߴأǸһһġ
תͷȥ˶ǸƣӦĸӡ
˿ͣٿ㣬ˡ
Ĵŵܵʺã֪ʹӺδ
Ҿ񣺡¹ĺ
ܾܵࣿ
㿴洿ӣ¶һЦ
ľԵˣŵܵܽȥˣһܵȳȴҿߣˣһ·ͷǰˡ
Ŵĳ빨ȥ
ʯףˣ˵̫ʱĻ빨ա
Ҫŷ̫á
ͷȥ󣬿˳¾ɵļҾߣյӣһϣһ˼ѵţͣĴϢš

߹ȥҾ¡
ŬȲֱҲ̲סҪµͷŬ̧ţؿŬͦ˿һͿ˵ĹͷһƤѾ˥Ϳݽˡ
Ψһ˫۾Źâ
㿴ŷ֪ޣȰͷ˵ʲôûá˷ҵĽһУʣΨһu
û˵һ仰뿪ˡ
Ŀ׷ȥɳƵȫҾûһ֮֡ΪλţΪλţ
Ǹڽ䣬ɫľȻ
Ǹкվǰ¶ᶨɫŹ㣬ӡ
ǰվסţûлͷжʱûȥˣ
Ĭţ
³ߣŻ꣬Ҫ³ſ˫ۺһ䣬Ȼ̨뿪ˡ
･
̫ȥˣڡ
;ŵƽ̵ûá
æȥȥ
꿴Ÿ˳ȥ׷ֲңѵʾ
Ͻ츸ײ˵ڰȥˡϽȥ׷ĸףĸˮ񡢼ܹ󷹡
һ綹
ڷǰ
۾Ҳ˵
ֻʣǼˡ
ȥˣǰץסӵһ·Ŀ
׳źûٻӦҲ˰ɣ
·˷Ӵ˲֪ȥ
Ͳ֪òȥǸˡǸʵ˳ܵĺŮˣӣĸס
üϡ
ο뿪ڷ׽֮󣬾Ȼһӡ
֪˺һŮ˲֪ô졣޷޷ֻ
³ٺãҲˡϵķͻȻ˵
û˵
ϵķ̾һҪһҲ³ȥ
ˡ
Ͳôʹ౯ҵȥǰһ˵Ҫɱ𰡡
˾۾ԡ
ҪҪ
ΪҲ֪Żʲôˡ


463 壿
, ȴ֪ûɼﲻۡ뾪ȻԵžһʧˡ
ֻüȥѰܴ
⣺֣, βѼһЩ֣أ
ҲǸ·, ôгؽ͵֣ˡ
ѰãҵһĽɳǡң̨Ժһ֮Եˡ
ѧԺЦò, æϻй䡣
ʲôʹ£Ҫܴġ
Цȷһ, Ķ
ϲ£ˣԺ֣˼Ů, ޲ֹ֣ϧʩ¶, ȥһӣ˼
ããã䲻ֹ´ڣҪ󣡣
֣סͥȻͥ, Ϊǰͥ, ڴʱѡ˴ҲǸݹ, ǧ䣬йڵĹˡ
Ϸ֣Ҳ, Ůδݲţڹĵط˾ۼгñͣڹʱ˰ؼҪ˶ֻйŮΧ۽кá
ȣ֣Ŵľ£Ӵ硣ɱӣ³㳤ͲЬ뼸ͬĹŮˮ̶ǰòֺ
ŮǲҶ֣֣ԸͲˣսһüŮѾ˺ǰ¶ؿѰز𣬱˽֮
֣úܺãɣһ۾ͲӰˣŮҪͨҪǰΧУ˰֣ܰ򱧵ǰһš
Χ۹һΣߵñд󽫶á
Ӵ֣͸ˡ
Ϲվ棬һĻֱ֣һ֣ʤ󣬼˲ǰиˣԳƿԪ䣬˵֣ĺϢ󡣡
֣ΪܴϲϰЩ顢١
Ԫ֣Ҽǵط˾˵ĵĺܣȥ£ҵ˷ץˣ˵Ǵ˰Ҹˣȳġ죬ֲǴյġ𣿡
Ц˵ҪҲáϴÿԸߴ
֣ǺðɣҾȥʲô²ܸߴҡ
һڹŮӵ֣صڣϴ£С˯һŽ
µ˽һʱűнȥвǲյģҲұԹ˽طЩɾˮϴϴ溹ռŹۡ
˲˸طϴοصģѾ취ȸһЩĹȥϷģʱȥˣضܺá
һûϵżһ˻ôæлýύ
˹ֵҵʤɡ
˵սһֻǽϺˡɿ˴־òܣʳڣµˣֻװɲӡ
ĹĹ¡Ψһûнľժǹסĵط޴жϣֻ޴ΡĹԴеĿĸ˼š
ֻҪܴϧ
þȫŬ߳ʱȴûд
ǸСŴĻ㽿۵գһ»ȹϵȹδģ۵ĺɫֱŮաڵĳҲ޿ޣֱ֮С
һ䣬ʤ˵ǧ
¶ҪˣһѼĶıԼ֣Ϣ
ʱǸʤվڽ£ȥ߹ȥһҾͷˡ
ʤҡͷӲؿߡҪˣǱҪһ·ˡ
ҪĽ³һ֡
ʤˡðڴ𣿡
ӿŲŽʤûֱԼʲôת˸Ȧϲ
ʤЦϲϲ
䣺˵֣£ƺʮָȤ
ʤͷм֪֣Ĺ飬ѽⰡ
䣺ܶɻԣʤһۣǹӣͲ⡣󣬲ϲȡϧ
һ㤣ոͷ˼֡
ʱѾߵ˵·ͷųȥͿ뿪ˡ
ʤ͵ſڣʩһ񣺡ղ㣬ұȥʺá̧ͷЦ˵˵ӵķǣΪӽȥӾͲȥˡ
ڣ֣æŴԼȥ㣬Ҫˣ
ڵĹŮ˶æתһʰˣպ߽֣첽æʣʤΣ
Цʤһ
֣޵Ǹ壡
Ц£ʤ˹²֣һһʤ
ǣȥ³Է
ˮͤŴ󿪣¹ӳһԡΪȣ֣棬ͽ¹⡢ǹԷ
һ߳ţ֣õ˵ˣҪǣ֪ԺһӣϲĸӣҾͿԷˣ
͵ƣ֣һԼһֺˣһ𣬵ҲһΪԺˡ
֣ǣȥϢ߽
Ժӵ£֪֣֮ĶûӰ졣ڽǰϲİѽĻѧˣѷ֮ˣ
ҲΪˣرǽЩ׷潪ˡãǲܸá
ʣͽҲֵһЩˡһЩ£ȥ˰Ŵá
ԥһ²ŴӦ
֪ԺӵˡԺµӣҲ֣۵Ľ㡣
һʼ֣֪Ժ˸ӣһֱšԺΪ֮Ҳ֪ڵʱ˸ӣ֣ԼŶ֪顣
ƺԺ󷢾֣벻ӵݡǲͬģԺҴ£ֲ֣
ղȥ
֪󣬾֣ΪβΪ̫ӣ
˵Ժ޸֣ʱǵģôһŮһӣŮѾ³磬ԺҲǣ֣Լ˵ģСݺŴ˷ˣʡ֣֣ŴҴҰԺΪ󣬾Ժû˿Թԡ
һƷµĹӣ֣кβ
֣ƿԡ
һѧ˵СʵҲӼԺĵһŮҲûӼܲ˵ԼҵĺӲá
СȻųһ꣬Ʒɸĸ֮պһһôδ᲻ã֣Ҫٳɿ֤ʵ֤ʵˣͱΪ̫ӡ
֣ﻢ¡
ǰ̫ӣ͸ҰɱˣӼλ
ҲվҪɳˣ򵽳£ҲҪˡ
ǰô죿
֣Ǳ߷·Ǹ֣ǱߵȴһƬá
ǴǱ·߿ôǣô˱ͻˣȻĵĴ֣ĵռݳǳأȫ̶Ǿĵġ
ôĵĴ̣ǰʳڳ⣬˿ųͶʹڳ⣬һ죬ʳͻᱻӳԵһ֣ʳ꣬ʹǿ
⣬ŶǺܿ챻ˡ
ֻһǳͶĶǳм͵͵򿪳ӭ˽ǡһؾڳǽʡ
䣺档
ؽԼ򿪳ųˣҲسǣˡ
Ŷһ䡣
ͶҲܿ졣
гҿӭģһ˼ӭ˽󣬵ҵ뽪̸˵³ˡ
д˵շ˵ǷǷӵܡҼǵ÷иϣΪŭȫҶţ֪ǲһҡŸĻзһ֧ļ׺ͷּʱߵס
㣬𣿡
³֣ܵȥ˵һǵһң׼أһ֧ȥ˵Ҳһˡ
ָ㣬˵ǲ١ҪҷҼ׶ԶԿľӭǻ
ҵʱˣ
ҡͷǼǱ˺ˣţضл¡
⣺Ϊʲô
Ҳ⣬ֹΪʲôôʣԼ˷һ·һ磬Ҳ淶һ֧𰡡ܽ𰡡
Ŀɿڴԭնݳʱ˹֪ĬһѪ
ԼԹߵĽǶȿô湻вġ


464 һƿ˰
ġʡ˸̵, һȴÿһײ׼ԻԵᳫʡɡ
ͨ׵˵ǡҷųһպ˺ʱҲ÷ҵѪһԸΪһ壬ܶôǿ, ܱ֤ԼļԶʢ, ô֮ϣ˲ҪǸϾɱ
ǻԡʡС
ô˵, ʵҲǺܴԶ, ǳǡ
չġ˺ȫңҶҪԭ¶Էʥĸ˼Ӧþ˼·ľͷ
ʲô·߾, Ҳ߾ˡ
ĿǰʡǶкôġ
ȥ䣬ֻ֪һŮ, ݴʱһ֣´ŮȢΪ, ڴӰ, , ڻһӬ١ھ˵Сྴܺõӡ
к𣿡ⶼü, ŮòѾº˰ɣζҡͷ岻̫ãûкӡΡ˼̡
ۿϣ룬ɴйо׳еŮǰͣ
Ϊ˰ѷϸϣŮӳֳҵŮ֮⣬йԱҵŮ죬нλĹзݣǰЩλġǣίסҲñʾһǸ⡣
ʣµϯλʿĿǰԹĶǿҵӡŮĸȡ
ȢҲˡ
ʱ֪Ȣˡ
˭ҵģʹ㡣
ҡͷ֪һ£һţ˵ȢʵǸƭӡ
й߲ԶһլۡУ첽ͥԺдһ»ķǰ
µļŮĽȥǵŮˡ
һˣһŻŮӣеˣװһһ
۽ǿŮǶ˵£æˣҪҪȥܲװ
˵ˡ㵱ȻҪȥŮ˽ŵǡᱻֵģ
һҾĸ輿ΪͽڼԽԽϲһЩŮ۸
ʱ˸˵һ¡
Ůʮԥ͹ŵڲ֪縸ĸҲȥҪԼշϴ£û֬ûϣ·ʱûмƶ
ӦҪԷһҪǮ
Ϊһˣϵޡ˳ˣ˵˺ܾòѡ⽫ӼƭӦ˵ȥպķһˣиߴķӣоµκʹ·
˵ȥɱ
Ȼ£ҲĶ˵ĳŵմӦ
ľʶΪ˺͸뿪ؼˣ֪ʵס˳һլԺС
һЩˣðΣҪٰһɷһ˶ӵŮӡ
Żˣƴҡͷܾ
֪޸˭֪𣿴Ĵֽ޸ٻˡ
û뵽ȻһλԺյӣ뵽Լ޸ˣĶۡ
ԥǡҾҪƭ֪ˣһɱҵġ
Ķ࣬˵ŰݷõġԺҪ˾Ͳᱻˡ
˼ɬġסָһĥԼūձϥһ棬һͷ˵ġˡ
ҵ䣬ĸûֵܽã֮ɷȥˣ֮ûкӣӷ뿪һ˶ӡ
Ϥ֮һŽˣʱŤ˽ţϢƬ̣ȼ˸ӡ
̵ģţֱɳͽȥ
ֹ˼գлȴȻûмüʹΪд
Ȼ͸һ¡
˼󣬽ͥǰһΪһ棬˰Ĺ
󣬻Ϯˡڴд˯룬һϮ֣˿סȻû¶һ˿Ĳ޳гزϸ֫ͻԲβ
֮ûпѾˣ˸һ뿪ˡ
һº󣬽ˡ
ƴǺ󣬲̹飬ڴӦ޸޹ԺӼ˵Ϊټ֮üξܾ˽ҪҪ
ѾˣȢŮΪ˵õǰ
᲻ڵֻģڲ
УСҡͷҲȥԥһ£棺ڼʱҲ̹ˣʱһᱻϳġ
ҽ취һá
Ǿյһݼгĵڽӣ˵ò󲻸ҼˣȻյʮĶòȡЦܰڵڣñ˿м
мķʽǡպ󷲹ԣش֮
Ժ˵ʲôҶ
㷸ɷ಻Υġ
ұѽҶûж
粻ţū齼Ե֣֣¾ѻ󽫾󽫾бڽա
ȥһ¡
پ飬б
⣺ҪɴӶѡ׳ۡ
Ҫҡͷ˸ҪеıҾȸʮԼȥˡ
һһǧپʮˡʮף˭
ԽϰߣȻ˭ͬˣ˭ҪǮı
Ҫҵûء
һձһȣҪѿ㡣£޴֧Ƭϣһ
潪ġ
ʱͿ轪ҲֻнִŻΪƷԼĿɽ˭ֻ֪һζĄ̊́Ĵ뽫
һ潪һЩֵģЩ˺ͷһߣʲᣬڶмȴܺá
󽫾֣ǲ֮սЩ˴ҧһ㣬Ҫ󽫾ű
һȺˡ
Щڽ죬ôһ⡣
Ͳ˵󽫾᲻ᱻͰеıȫˣ˿ûпǹʮɱ˵ͽȫԺ󣬻³ɶ˺
ûоԼûбӪûоЩ˻ʲô³ʲô
һȺֻỳԼߵ룬ȴϵͷһǰʲô
Ѿȷˣ⽪Ǵһ׵޴øãҲױ
ǲ֪֪ҵº󣬻ôϡ
ţǰľӴͻȻһЦ
ǽ
е£߹ȥͿЦվڵϣͣ߶ͣĽкá
ããã󲽹ץסļ˵㣡㰡
Цҵʲô£ˡ
ããܻȥſһľķǡ
ҲϽȥһϹȻǡ̩񰲡ĸ֣
ıǡ̫ƽ
Աֹ꣡
Ǿ飡
Ϳ԰ټ֮ˡӦ٣Ӧ٣޶Ů֮ͬͬӦ١
ڼҲֻһڡǽ͸֮˵ڽǡ
ǳǻ٣ﲻɻ١
һپʮˡ
ʮˡȻʮˡⲻܰ
ھǰⲽ벻ͨ벻͸ôĵĴʮˣ
ѵˣĶֺã
ǴҲʵŽͽ䣿
ԣԡ
ûʵȨῴ
޴Ҳ׿
ֱ˹ˣȥǰոôѽȥ˶
ץסʲôǰʣδϲˡ˺ʱбСĲţԸΪЧȮ֮ͣαٽбأǲΪ˵ġ
Ц˲ҪȻЩ˭أߵľ顣

ԭˣ
ٿһ飬پ䲻ˡ
ٲֻһľѡ
翴˽зҡ
ԣֻһо˷ҵľ֡
취ȥϢֻ̽һ£Ǿƺɹ
Ц˦ȥ
ˡ
αٶ¶ˣ
գһȥͶϼɡ
ΰˣЧȮкβɣ
⣬ͻȻȥ˼תŭС˿ɶ񣡡ûľˣɶ


465 
ƣƣһӴһۡų, ̬ţſԼҵĳԳȥң
Ҫߣܳһˣͣһͣȵң
Լ˵ĺ, æͣ, ڳڸоͣˣΪֹδ䣬ͱƿϳ, , ߣ
˼֮ͬˣûҲˣ˵ͷҡͷ, ̧ܿ㣬ͲˣˣүҪǵļҵ׶ͿհߵҪȥʣκҵȣ
˳һ, ҡͷȥȥЩ빫ĵģҲûϵ˲Ҫ
е;, ͣ, һ³, ڽһܳؼȥˣ⳵ֱȥ˷ǰ, һո뿪벮ͷǰҾͿͣп͵벮̾һתȥˡ
ǰķСû£ڼгֳ˵ϼ仰֮⣬סĸס벮ҿҲܵȥύ֮ΪѣҪġ
ǰֻ⼸ˣ˺üο˻÷رģȴЩˣ鶼Ҫ仵׺ͷ벮̾ĸ׸ӳĬηֳҲǳüչ
ʷࣺ磬ǡҪȥ𣿡
ʱϵѾˣæŵܵǰҾʺã˵
Ƚ˼ţڴ˵ţеܵȥ벮
ȥҲ벮ڸǻҽֻȥԱ߽Ƿĸףĸҡͷ벮ûȥ𴦿
ȥ䡢鷿ⷿȵأҲ벮ֻȻĻȥ
ڳܿ˵𱸺Ҳһĸͷһ£࿴İڰ֣Ҫ
½ϣ̾˿졭öǼң벮һǱ˲Ŷˣϧֵû취㡣
ֱЩˣšݴȡȥͷ黹Ҫͳȥлǵġ̵
ֽʻӸĺëҪ
磬ǿȥɡŷ˻ȥȥƴţ磬ǿŹ
ɫƣܵ׵һҲҪЦˣǰŵܵܰź£ûип˵Ϊʾ𾴣žҪٴһΡ
ҺõûпٵţҲ˼
÷ʱ͵ܵ£Ϊܾĸһã벮̺ס
벮˵飬СΪĻᵽˣȴԼǮҪЩǮټӡ벮Цҡͷһ£̾Щ˵ȻôɵҺôʱŮȥףҲȷʵռЩôҲ𽪱Ȼ¡ƺЩֶΣǿӲЩЩ˾;ۼҺǡ
ƺܼ򵥣ȴɥΡ
벮ˡͷһģǶΪֻҪ䣬ʹʵǲֵһġ
ãƶƻôˣһҼҵĶǷŲϸǹģȻͷࡢһһȥ˵
˽ֻҪһǰˡҲΪýʳ
ϼ飬ͽ⿴Ƽ̵һɢ
ҡͷƿߵ롣벮ûǿι룬¡
ҷҲܸǺôЩҲǳźôġǿ޴ΪӴժȡʵףϵסˣŭˡ
벮Ǹܽ
ǹ
ǰʹ޹ǻۣʲôʱ򣿶ˣȥӭʱʱֻ󡭡
Ǳ˰
ڷңڽңڹңڽϵһƶУһȫͬ
øãø壬һչţʵı롣
ҡ
ˡ
ҹˡ
ûбĵƣֻзơ
벮ƣȥɡаͰ
벮¡
ͷһֱȺùĸʰ̣˳ϴһٻţȵ˯ȥǲſ뿪
벮Էͷ֣ȥɡȻ뿪ˣҪȥϢˡ̷˯¾ֵȥˡ
ЩԸǲԸ̸ףǸһֱϲ͸Ųϲʱ׿Ŷ޲굽ȥ
ܾԼﶼãôõˣΪһֱϲ
˵ⲻģǲϲֵܣϲĸף׵ܰĸ˸ϳȥ
Ϊûзֳ˵ԣ飬Ҫ¶ãòԣҲҪúõշԸǲŲᱻϳȥ
ڷıȥøô쿴
סǰ£ʺ򣬡Ҫ𣿡
ͷ͵齵ĺ󷽸ȣŷС˵̫ᣬȣԣ
ֵ˵һ̣һѧѵܹ
١ӡǶǺúӡ
רĴȣͻȻһ£æ̧ͷôûйĴȰĿ⿴
ףʲô𣿡ྪϲĿȥʡ
ֿ飬æѵܵܽйܵηţҿ
׿ŵܵʱҲܴȰ
ѵԺǺ𣿸Ѿ𣿸׻ת
öͷڷУҸ̫ͻȻš
ס֣˵㻹һܵܣзСˣСүүӣз··ΪүүһֱǺǣܣ˵ҲԷңԹĸףԴź⡣ܺҪúý̵Ҫ·Ǽ֮ӣҪֵܣ㲻飬Ҫɱܻص
ȻЩӦ˶סˡ
龪Ҳ֪𣿡
Сӣҡͷ֪
鼱ô죿·᲻ؼˣ
ྪѹҲŷףվȥ·翴
·ҷһģֳǡҷң߰ǰˡ
ࣺ֮ǰأ
ãȻһ£в޼ءϣҲǴȡݴɽϡɽԹڡ
ط
۾˯ˡ
ֻŷ಻š
ҲҶ˰ʱĴӷʱ۾ǰδеѡ
ժǹ̫ӶƵ̨ǰԼں󣬲Ȩĸ׵áĸ׼޵ңһü޵˽ҡҺŮ֮ͱšıĸɱ
൹һ㿪ȴ׽ץס
૵׸òǷ˰ɡ
ǴСʱ˵ǵĴǱժǹģΪǸŪȨļˡСˡҪΪ³籨
ڸ˵ģȴû
סࣺҪסĳ𣡲ȥϹܹĶݣû˵ȥΪȳˣ󻹲ţȻܵǰַŭĳС𣺡㲻ô˵ã㲻ô˵ҺڸǸ
ӿ࣬ס˽ȵĲӣҲҲ𣿣
󺧾Уסɿ
󺰣ҪɱҪˣ
벮ͿѷѹȰҲΪǶҪŭ𣺡ЩСˣСˣĴһȡǽϵĽͳ
鿴벮Ľӷͷ£˫ȥ
ֻһѪͷžǷĲҽͷһ鵹ڵϣаֱۣ벮ٽ
벮ྪ㤻Уֻҷſ
벮ʱǰľԭǷȣٽԷ˵Т˳Ͳĸܻȫ㸸ȱϧֵܣֵȻ꣬ĸ׸㸸ҪɱĸӸºɺĸȫТ
ǵܵܵʹĸױŲӵĴϢз벮Ļ
Ѫͷ۾ϣǰһƬѪ졣
벮֣ĸ׺ȥɡ
·ڳɣͷ׵ǳޣŹĸ׵ġĸᣬȴû˿Թޣƺ˵ǷˣĸҲ
벮Ƭ̣˵ʲôžϷͻȻҿྪУף
æǰ鿴Ϸ͵кһ벮֪ãȴҲ㲻ˣ
УƴһĲ
һ־Ѹ˿˷벮Ľһ£նȥ벮ұۣһն·벮ͷ­
ѾˣǰֱڣղŲ֪ôˣͻȻɿˣһ߰סؿڣһȥͱסնµĶϱۣѶϱ黳š
鱧ס֣£磡磡
Ѫתǰ
ղűһϥ䣬ʧʱͷ̧ˡ
ŽķࣺҪ߱ѽˣڷǰ֪´ȰٺĸܵܺԸ
ҡͷһ˶ѣõȥܵʧһֱۣ벮ʧֹ
ͷϰͷ̧˸ף棬Ӧ໹
ҡͷ㵱ϣıι֮Уĸ׶ȥҲҷӵˡ
ãȻ̧ͷס
ֻÿһˮһˡ
Ҫˡ
벮ıңǳ͡
ĸ׺͵ܵȥҹӣػǰӣӻȡ
ҵĳޣ͵һΪֹ
ӽҪúТ˳ĸףܵܣһܡֵˣҪúûȥѷҡȥ
򽪹ȣ˳ġǫġޱŮˣܼʮĥȴĶȥá
Ŀ򽪹ȣָ
˱ܡ
ȥڴϡ
۾ˡ


466 ں
һ, ע÷
ĺԽԽ𽥱óٶۣҲʼͣĴս
۲ۣȻҡͷ˵ۣЦŰοĸס
༸Ϊҹʧȥ֮, ʧȥܵܡ
ĸ׺ŬסֱϵĶϿҲ޼¡
ĸײ˵, ͣȻţ׹ĸȥݳ
ҹ, ǻѪ۵ĸ׺͵ܵ, ڼžĳնС
ĸָŵ·ܿ, ͷȥժǹ·
ժǹ
סժǹʹסڳй
༸ĸ׺͵ܵܵ㱼, ԼûˣֻԼ
˵һѲߵˡϵѪʹæμ̽¡
Ƿҷ࣡Ҹĸժǹ׽㣡Ҫȥժǹλи㣡
ѲߵʿһһСԽڶȻ, Ⱦһ̡
Ѫ, ʣǲߣࣺҵܵܡ
Сȡһ, óһָ״Сĵɫҩ裬˷ҩݸࣺι, ɱסһɢֻҪڣܰ򡣡
̻ͷҩݽڣСҲŽȥһۿҪ˾ǶϱۣǰѷĶϱԵȦԲķ˵˾ٿֹѪ߰ɣ
ֳȣͷǰ·ȥժǹţ
ӿٶȣµµǰʻȥ
ϡ˳ڵܵԳؼٵĺԶȸղҪõö࣡
·ץһ˿ϣ
쵽ժǹʱһмٵԶȥСȥйŵġ
С뽪ţףָۣͰƿֱӡ
֪˸٣Ǽ٣³棬Ⱳӵٻϵڽҹˡ
һӭϵķ࣬ҴҹΪ
ͣڳԣСǿߺͽȡ
Щæʣˣһֻ֣ϵģ
С紦ϵúܸɾǵˡ
һ˵˶ʱ򣿡ˣæʱ
˵Ǿͻоȡ쵽ˡ
ãȻͷѾ˱ͣˣժǹǰժ·ϵƻûʣŶǰӭӡ
Ϊ˼Ǿʹ󺺡
ôⶼҽū
ΪһԼѮССۣ˻ţʮ꣬ᡣ
󺺵ͷ̽복ڣһչɴᱧ
ڻеղ԰ѩɫҵ˫ʧ
󺺿ȷʵţЦ޲£үүӪСǲٶֶϽţûүүܻ˯ϱ
ãȻв֪ǸȵлǸ˵ûϱࡢлССδû˵꣬Ѿ˵˹ڴ
ӳһ硣
鱻һϣͽȸ˵ⶫ㣬ܲСɵϡԼıʱǶ˯ϣ⻹ǴæҳһءڵĴ࣬Ҳóð
Ҳʮ͵кŶΪһһͣ첻һֱˮǸմˮ
еˮʻɫ
ʣ𣿡к˵ˣ
󺺣ס鲼
˹ѹס֫磬״ǰֹˣ󺺵ӱţȣ˿ڱҪϴϴõģ˾Ҫգһվ;Ȳˡ
ࣺҪϴϴαҪôס󺺵ˮﻯѩΣϴ˿ھҪȥ۵ӪǿĺӶۣܲСֻ¸ܲˣһͰϴˡ
ֻԥһϢ¶ģҾλҵܵҷպرλ
ЦӷģСôպҪһֻˡ
ࣺھУǰḧ飬̵ܲסۣĵ˵ͷ
һкӹѲ˵Сӣ۾ҧҧҲҧ죬ͷᱻҧġȻסͷСӱ£һʡû
ˮϴ˿֮ǰ˶ֽŶֻܿԼȥӲĿȥӲĶˡ
ǰγԶԲôݳ޵ôõѩˮϴ˿أ
ǹýֺϣҲûôá
Ϸ˸ͰѪˮѩƵˮӳŽ׵¹ĵڷ鱻¶Ķϱ۴
һ㱻ӽ˹̵͹
˺סͷкӸס죬Ѳ³˦ͷ
齩ֱͦһͷˡ
кһֱĲ˵ˡ
󺺲ϵĺҲá
΢΢
һͽֽ꣬һ͡
ιȥѣ˿ڴϴˮѾѪˮǸɾˮ
˷ҩøɾ鲼ס˿ڡĵطһɫѪա
󺺶С˵ѪƻҪһֹסҪˡ
ע⵽Сֲסһͻɡ
Сͷ֪
ȥҩ
󺺶Է˵һСӻҪЩһҪԵģԵö˲оŰùȥ
ͷܵܺȻ΢ƽЩ
󺺲ҿ򽪹ȣǶԷ˵ҲЩҩźá
࿴ڵܵһߵĸףÿһ˶ʮ־ηûĸסժǹôߵĵλ
ǲֱֱӶ˵ĸһδֻƾԼժǹΪĸ˱æ
ȻˣĸΪʲôҪڷôꣿ
ûĸ뿪ҺʲôǰΪ͵ܵڱӻĸףȴ֣ĸ뿪ңܻõʳΡ
ǡĸ
ĸһУΪֵ
ժǹûŮЩ˿ǴӼҾѰ֮ˣǰ̡
˱ȥԡϴȥϵѪۡ뿪ĸ׺͵ܵܡ
ĸҲǵķ»·ҩͷ
˯úֻܳιȥˡʳҩ󣬷࿴ɢɫϸ
˵֣ĥɵģȥ͵ůֱֲ˵Żһ«έˣˣôźȡ
໹δȹôɸл˵ǷˡôҹôĶ
֣ףȥͣݾڷҶܹ
Ц˵ǹķӣиʧѪ˥˳ԣġ
ྪȣǶԣ󺺣ϻظһƨͳ˵ŻζúȰ
ѷ飬ԸԺģ֪ǲ˸ղҪ˵ۣ˵úȣ磬ҲȣҲﳢ
࿴е㵣ġǺͿ˰ɣ󺺶ŷƣ˵еͿˡû£꣬һιҩԺƨɵٵ򲼣˯ɣ˯Ӧþͻˡ
ǳ𣿡󺺼ȲڣԥԷ˵ʵ̫ˡô˵ɣֻҪգ˾ܺãաҩֹסҲܺãһֱգ˿ٳˣ˾ͺòˡ
༱Ҫô죿
˵컻ҩҪϴ˿ڣһֱϴ˿ڳƤˡ
뵽ղŷ۳Ǹӣٰ᲻ãûİ취
Ժˣ˵˵ûӦŸҲ˯š
һֺҩ˯
Ӱơ
󺺺Сһֱš
ͽҲţҹɫžֻзǳ٣żŨصĺȫע
ʱͻȻ
ѹֵŲƺˣ
ΪǶˣæҵ
󺺺Сȴŵøֱˣ󺺻°˵˼ûë
СҾûݹ
󺺣ʱҿÿ꣡
С˿ˣ
˲ţæʣʲôˣСַΪʲôôʣ
Ȼǹ
ײԺʱǰѾ֪ٻˣһӰ첽û̫ߣֻˡ
ûдһɴȹһͷһ٣βڱ
һۣȻߵߣϸĿʴ󺺺СΣ𣿡ñȸղö࣬ҲĶ˵ã첻վͺá
ʣʲô˵ģ˿ڶ˶ãõʲôҩ
һһһ鱻µֱۡ
࿴ܵܲ԰׵һۡ
ô˵ģ
ྯǼͳף˵ܵܣ˵ҿɱ
תͷ濴ࡣ
u
ȷuᣬûзuȷuҲƽ
ˣվȥ£Ϊ
ȻԽ򽪹ȡ
ɣжҲͻϸ۲Žȵ飬ϣиֲ֪
̧ͷ
ڹ£ͷѾף˿˿׷
ҩ
֣̽㣬𣿡
ҡͷ£˵סĿ
ˣ
ðѽȺͺǶҪԹޣҲԶʤǳô࣡
ǡ˽
Ҫǵİ͸мԹޡҪǳõһ𣬶Ƕݵ֪֮Զķ롣
ǶԵģδҪǡ
յȴС
ѡܹҵĿǡ
㡭Բ𡭡㡭Բ𡭡סȣһʹ


467 ˳ë
ժǹҹĻժǹ, һסǰ²ŲˣҲʢĿ˻̨ˣǣ֣˿ѣ֡
ܱŲţϵİǶˣ֣ܿѡ
֣ԹǰֻǵĴ, м, гҲֻԡ
֣˿ǶȻǸ߼ȡ, ȴЩϢͨҲʼղ֣˿
֣ˮ֣׸, ֣Ĳ϶ȱĵطĲϻ˿õ֣˿֯˿޿͸˿, ɼᱡ
֣ǲǱԹɢ˼û˹ģֻ⾫µ֣˿պǲҲˡ
Թ֣ѾɴԸ֤ʵ, һʱ֮䣬ֳҥ
Ϣġ
ֳ֪֣ûкúöԴ󣬱˵е
Ȣ˼ҵŮúö, ˿ɲҪȥ
Ϊʲô֣һ͵, ȫ޻֮, ˵֣鰡
֣ԼôԾأ˵Թǰ˵һ˵֣ĶԲ£֣ĽҪԼ˱ء
ҲһЩʿӷ˵֣, 
һ֣֮ǰԶһ۰̼Ҹˡ
̼ң֣ϱߵһҡ
û̼ңû֣ˡ
֣ľûݣӶûˣôɱأ
ڶ֣ҵġ
ҲŲԾֱ룬֣͡
ϣų˽֣Ϣ
Ҹ˸ѣǲһֱŵġһܴ
ѱԼѡʵʱҳ±¡
֣Ȼ³Ļȥ֣յġ
֣Щǳһ˵³֮ʦͳͳԼӭء
󽫾δһһ䣬¾ųǡ
ԴֳȻͬɡⲻ³壬³ʵ˵ı־֣˶ԡ³Ķ£ѽ̫˷ˣ
һʱ֮䣬蹦̵µһӶˣȫԶԷģиҫʵµģ̱ľ͸ˡ
֮ǰݴ˵Ҫʺ´ʱҲˣǵʱý³˶˿ڣ£³һĹϻʺ֮λ
ʱժǹ
Ժŷ֣ط졣
ǼǵõʱӵܳҲŴȥ棬Сͤͤǰǿ
ȵ¡
ѾǵýˡڽʵĽУʱߵӰ
ǵˡԭǶǽ㣿
ƺһֱܳĬôһֱΪֻһ㣬ҽСͺף󣬼ϤҲǻẦ¡
Ľ㣬ȴûʲôӡ
еţʽʣйҪ¸ʲô¶½õĻ᣿߲˻Ů˶裬ʦͨʼ˼ô״
ڳ͸ǹʮӵˣСʱҲǳĵҪܺòŶԡԽãԽˣ
ͷ֪ˣ
ɵȣǸηġƽġûййŮƯŮʱȴͻȻúϤ
ȻˣȻɫǳʶ
㣡һھͽ˳첽߹ȥȽȹ¾ְס˵㣡ô
ͷ鶼վԱߣûǡ
ЩͷΣûʲôȷʵתˣֱۻ۵ʱֻڣֻȥöʱһŷֲˡ
ڷϣĿŴ˲ˣĸ˵
һĻǷô񲻵ġ
СЦŶԷ˵û뵽ĸ׳Ժգ
һġĸƶҳôܼ޸ףסҲǸӵúܡ
ֻʣֵˣĸףǰչĸһչ˷ʱʱŵòᶯˡĸ˵ĸΪˡ
ĸ׵Ȼƴˣ֣˵һҪģ֮źø͸һ⣬ʳ»˵סзԣĸ׵㰲ȡ
ĸ˵жء
Ц˵ǻСأôܽأİɣܵҲ쾭ġ
תʷԺʲô
շ룬֪㶮յ塣ֱӸ㣬³ʵĶ壬ҳ˰֮⣬ҲûеھŸȥλϣһһ³˶š
Ҫôȥţƫһ磬ԵֻҪͱҪһҵŲշϡ
൱Ȼһҵġ
ȷʲô
ǵø빫ĳޡڸر𣬶Ҳ㱨
ڣָܻûġǾãԳ֮ͼϱΥ֮ġ
ժǹԽȨˣҲǽԼ¡
һΪ˳ӵģʵûôҰġֻúТ˳ĸףܵܣһܣһƽƽһˡ
ǣұ
Ȼǣʵںöúܡ
˵ͷ鵽ڶûȢޣҲûжף;÷ܴӷu󣬾Ͳ⼸ˡ
ԱȽͽ潪ңȴû潪￼ǹȢĸźʣֻΪȢȢҪȻҪҲͲȥ˼
ȢһͲȢ
Ů׵ҪûôǿǾδսȱԵʡͨջǺг׵ԸģΪԴһһ
ȴÿһҶдԸ׵ӺŮӣࡣ
ףͲسеΡӹúαظԼأ
۾ӣֵ֮ͬΪӵĹҲŨء̺ˣԼֵûдӣ̵ˣһԼҲʡȥӵ鷳
һЩѧ˲׾͸ˡ
ԽûȢ׵˼ûκη֮ΪֻҪȢˣ߰ʮȢһҲӡΪ³̫ӣŴѵʱġ
ǣͷ鲻׾ͲΪڵĴҪԼļ壬ϯ壬ϯȢ˶ӣҵÿһ¶кأ̵ʱڣŵʱ򣬰Ķˣϯ׳壬ϯ¸磬ԽԽã
ͷûʶҲûУԺϲŮˣؼͿԳˡΨһҪҽƥòΪҪϱƸ
û˵ܷˣԼǮϱˣԺϱãҲǮԷ
أȱ˵ˣ¸ɻϱɻû£ϱҪǰϳȥô죿
˵һӣÿһЩǮⶼҪ˺ܸû취Щ˾ֹأ˴󣬷¶ҪûйصĻ˼ҾҪˡǮҲҪȷ⽪ȵ˲С
е
ȴӦˡ
ǵþһٷĹ򣬹Ͱĸ˵ˡ
ӡ̵ǹĸ׵İֱǺ庢һûôѹĸףĸܽܣķʽĸףȰĸס
֮֮ǰԥҲãҲգȫʧӰˡ
˵ķˣʱ˵ˣȷˣڷ⹫
Ϊûм޹ˣȼ޹ҡڷȥȻҶѡ
ڵ¹ڣժǹŮҲ档
ӦöԪסһ𣬲룬˽ԪϵӦҲ
ڽʢΪʺҲˡ
ǣժǹ뿪󣬻ص̨·
һ׷ƽɽŮΪ
ǽ˸˼ױдɣ˼һ´Ǻ긽һȽƽɽͷŮɣԣżһˣ꣬´Ů͹ɽȥˡ
ȥӭԪˣԷӪΪ׵ĶˣʣµûһҷƨȻҲ˼ǵȷʵһŮӣ˰
ţڴҪ˵Ů˭˵ǣǾǸԡ
αҪأԲԣ굱ĽҶˣҲ˳ˡ
ǣϳ˽ԪĵһҲԪ䣬Сȫ˳ơ
û˷ԡ
ϳ󣬽ĳ͸˳ŮĳҲȹŮµĹӲ
㽪˵㡭ҲŮĺӣ
ֳǵ˶ǴԼƽɨϵ覴ãҪӵľٶ
ڷ⹫ȷ˵Ҳû⵽̫谭
ǰǸϲʲôʲôˡ
Žȼ޹˺ֻңˣƷǧʯ»ةƽ
˵ǲ̫ˣ಻𣿹̱ʾ⣡ٶҲûˣ˸йǧʯ»ˣǧʯ»࣡˵վ͵ԣҪ˼ʳ»
ʣµ湨㡰ƽĶˡ
ֳҲ޳֮̾мӻعѵŮʾܽӻǵȻҲܣ
һȺ˳ֵʱ򣬷ڶεĲӬ١
㲻⣬ʽ°첻꣬һҺˣȥӬ٣Ͳū𣿡
ֻȰοͿ๦ߵĹࣺ岻֪СƢءҲһʼͶãΪҪˡڼ꣬Щͷûˡ
ҡͷ̾ң
Цһϲˡ񹨼ģҪ˳ëҪģշҪ˩ţշֻɱңһƣٸһˣá
Ҫuа˳ɵİշܽҾѣ
˵ףʱ򲻶԰


468 ëƤ
ùĴӷϿ˷u, ϲuķҵߣŻѷӵ˶ȥӬ٣ֱ氹һУڴʱ˿ֻ̣ǰʮ걻ķҼҷһҹ֮, 
˸ոȥ, ǰѶֶ«Тˡ
ᡣ
Ϊշҵ֧һˣԶֵҪöࡣ
Ȼ˼ǵ, Ķǣһеĳɾ;˼˴̵Ķӡ
ǰзu, ̩µķࡢ顣
ܷ̩ˣѾժǹ
, ģ˵ˣ˳šҲùĻе, Ͼĸ׵˴޷ڸǣһɣܻ÷
, ûгֹĶӱٳǴС, ڼ
һ, ˵䲻ΪױˣҲϹ١
ڷǰ«Т, ΧмӣǷǰʵѡ
֮ǰòơıѵҲû˸ˡǴҪҽˣƫƫðһܴص̩ˣиĴ
֪ж˰ĽȻֻȢǰ뱲ӣ֪ΪuԺ֪Ϊ̩ˡ
Тʱܳʳֻܺ
ȣҲȣֻҪðС
µĶʳģ˸۽ʵȥȺóԣֲΥ
˳ҪТҲԸõܵܶŶӡ
Ȼһָֻ֣úܿ죬ϲ˿ǷϣһСʹ걻ۣͦպ̫
뿪һźźи嵭ˡףܿ˸ʱжĸ׵׶ĵǷ벮ıҪǣǸ׵Ĵ
ûҪ࣬ȱһۣһֻܵˡܵ٣ϵ˵ҲֻԼյӽ̵
ѧʵûʲôţһֱϲɢգܶѧ롣
ʱ飬·ּŵĴ硣ʱ˵ҲǺϲܵģ²̤ţϴţ澶Ͻݷ
ǰȻʶժǹ󣬺Ըĸһסժǹ
ΪҲû취طң̫æˡ
ϯϣϯ̵ĵطһҰһ棬ʷࣺ磬ÿ춼ôæʲôӰ
ิӵ˵һЩͨİӡ
˵ʲôзԾǰǾȻô£ô࣡
ǰڼܸ׺ͷ벮̵ѧϰĶ³£ҵǵĵʧӣΪ
ԷƽʱôҲ֪һЩֽ֮⣬ҲûбĽʡмʶǮˣݡ
ڼеǮȻǻա
ȻʱڼҲ֪ɽյĵԭʹܳˣȥһҵ˵ӣһ˻Ӧġ
ìܣ
Ϳģ¾ͽìܣ
֮зìô죿
ĸĽѵȻӣ¸ĸˣҲָ˳棬Т˳
ֵ֮䣬ֳİܵܣֳܹܵȻìˡ
лҪ͵ô죿
Ҳ˵ûзͽֳΪֻ˵£ĸ޸ֵ֮ܣ벮ղ˵죬ҲȥһëҲ˲˷ˡڶ࣬ȻΪϣвбҲйʱһ˶Ϻøĸ߲ѡ
ߣҲĿ޳֮׺ͷ벮С̵Ҳֵֶ֪У޲Ǵӷ簮֪ģֻҪÿƽʡܱгʢ˥
ڰգ࣬ÿֻΪ֮ʳæӡеİգ۾ڹʹµµΪǵʲô洦Ҳ첻̫ļֵ֪ηѱ˳ǾͿˡǲ֪ηҪ̾ԼǴ඼֪ηģɽҰǷǳǳټġ
Ȼͼİաͣӡеģǻģô࣡ô࣡
ңðÿ¾ǳܺʹܣΪа˳ɶǳܣܣûдͻ྾ЩӬ
ΪʲôҪأҪΪֻҪ͹
̵Ǹͬˡ˵ΪʵǲǷǵģǶΪԼԲŻ˴ǾҪǷֱ˭˭û˭÷˭͡
ô˵ҲеܵǡڽϿĳһۣƲĳ
Ҽſڲߣ
ҼҵͰ

⡢ⶼʲô°ҪΪ
ʱˣ٣ѵ𣿡
˶ЦȻΪʲôвӬٰΪǸɵľ°
ֻȥ˼ᡣԼôΪǹ֮ǰȥԽǸ˵л
˰֣أһߵкܶࡣҶϰˡԥǵôдһʺ֣ճ˵Ҳʫ飬Ϊأ˷ʱ
ЦǰҲһ롣Ƿˣͻ䣬żСӵֳȻƵʩݣֻһ˫֣ҪסСĺЩ͵ߣӺ˽ȥһˣҪں棬ֻҲˡ
˵Ϊ˼ǻֳǵĴׯȻȡʿ٣˵ءȥԼϾȻҪԣ뾡취ܻӬٵġ
˶ǿ˵ʶƬңȻֹ淶˵صҲۿԽԽá
£Ҿסҵĸĸ˶ҵĺҪﳤҶ˭ֻԼˣҲܰġЦŶԷ˵סֳǵİɣǿؼȥɣⱾҲֹӸĵط
ûˣĬĬȫֵһС£Щȥ˼İ¡
ʲôʸأѵһ죿ߺ˺ܶ¡ܶǰûпûע⵽¡
ǷϣֻһѾˣǰĹٽľĪǸǰǰշ𣿵˳ǰЩǿȥһǿвסҫİշңʶǸףǰշϣ
׽ܶ࣬Ȼ㲻ȴܶ³֣Եȹ٩٩̸ļʶѧʶѷκһˡ
ʵϲйҪ֪Ŀ뷨
ʶе߳ܡ
ΪԼ֪ɡ
˽գ֪ա֪ͬ³֪֣֪Թ
ʵǸ֪֮ˡ
ľʹ￪ʼѧϰһС
Ծϰڶ¸ߵܵܣҲʵûʲô˵ġѵҪߵܵһŮİɷ˵ɷҪѵɷ򡭡
ô˵ĳڣ
ƫƫ޽̷£ҲɵĹ֮һ
ɷвТ˳ģģжĲģҲвҵġеĸ򲻹ɷֻҲӬѵɷ
ӬǶʵٸشˣһȵʮȡ
Թ⣬ʷ飺˵Ҫ̨ᣬ㵽ʱҪҪȥˣĸȥˡҵʱԸĸһ̨ʶʶˣ
ھˡ
ȷʵ˵Ϊ֣̫֡û˵Լ档
ܶ˶ԶԷ湫ɡ
ʴȣʴȣ۵ܵ棬ûë
һˡʲôֵģ
ϾҪԶУαٿأ˼ҶҪ޵ôԶĵطȥˣڼʱôˣ
ҽӢҲǴΧɢû˭ûյ
ȥֵصĲʿеĶʮĸ檶ˣзݡ
ȻֻŮ죬ӡáĸף㻹˵ʲôֻܿһѡ󷽡
Ҳ֪˹ȥʲôһ
ΡȰƽʱţǹȥ͵ȥɢɢҲá
ҡͷȥҪˣαأΡ˵£ȥҵһ㵽Ժ󣬾ͻЩм䣬ҲҪҵϣҵĹͺˡ
ΡΪγʮӬ٣ƽ
Ȱ˽˵ӷˣ
һôɳң˵ֹӷءϳĹ˵˵Ϊ˱ʱȴӼݣԶȥˣʡڽǡ
Ρ̾Ƕ˶ʵǹһֽģĹϵֳǵƺΪǴĶݣʵǣûйжأ
ŷ歳ųϳڳǰ˵ú桭ʱҾڹſڵ㰡
ڲֹһˣЦƺȡЦСޡ
歸ӵ͸񴰿һ


469 룬
ժ¥λˮ, Χݺˮֲ
ʢ֮У˼ɾ
գǽһ졣
û뵽°ժ¥쾹ȻôĲͬ
ժ¥ڵ֮У׶, оµơ
߾ӵڶ¥, ǽ˵Ҳ˳ˣ֣Ϊ˵Ů˲ܿ
ǽųȥͷ
˵϶ȫͬ
רŮӿ, ضҪϺɡ

Խ˵һ㲻ôס۾, ɲ㺰ͣ
⣬ôеӺͣҪο
¾Բôɵģģ
뽪֪, ӶЦǺ棺ʲô
һ¥ѾˡȻ, ˶ֻ࣬һ¥ǲģʱԵûժ¥ΧˮͷСǶôĵ׼, һʼĹӦþ
ЩСҲˡ
, ʱ³ժ¥ٰǸ, ŮˮϣСϵҲܿȴժ¥ǰͥ, ԶĹƾܿһȺˡ
ȹڶˣԱˡ
Ǹһ֣һ¥ΧСʹȺͿ͵׳ǳˮ˾С
찡
񰡣
۾Բˣ֣ͳϴϴ󣬿ĵһ۾Ա߶㣬ûע⵽ƻһ㣬Ͻٿһۣ
ͿʲôԵø׳žͷ֣Ҳڿ֣ѽһͷһ֮£е㲻ֲԸ֣ɨˣ뿴Ϳڽ
Ȼ
С۽ǰŵһ棬ûϣ쿴ʮ׳Уиܵж಻һ㡣
ĿУ¶ǶԵģҲǺõġԽԴϷ³ûԸ֣һ棬ֺα
ȥ϶Ͳ֣ôˣ
Ա͹ⷢҲ˴ҵע⣬С˶ܿˣ£ǵļǺεȵǺεȵĿ㣡ֱۺϣǺεȵ
Щ˾Ȼȫǹĺ
˸̾Ȼǹأ
ԭȻܣ
մҵҲһȻֻԶۣҲˣ
Ϳ͡ЦǲôһͿǲǺÿˣͷȷʵÿˡԼؿڣҲԡ
ͭһ죬ʼ
ԱǾȴ϶̿Ͷȹô˵Ҫ
Ȼͻɱһ
ʵ׳ˤһֻ֯ٱģɫ˿Ҫһ˺ϱܱһȤζԡ
ͼһ׳кò򣬾ǰܣһ˱ס˸˵ˮɸߵˮмͨͨˮ˺һǿӻȹӶˡ
ǡѽһ
˿ӵĵһȥϵϣٴμսȻٴαͣսȥϵӣٴμսӱƬˣֱӼս
ÿʱǵļ߰졣
ؽ׼ϯҲûз˶ýζ
ָ֣һ˽е˵ĺС
ͷȥŵģŵȥˡ
֣ûʵȵȥһ𣿡̵԰֪ʶĹ˵ġ
һ굽ͷڴʱѩʱҲʱأҲǸطҲẦء
֣һת־ȥͽɣҲ𣿡
æȥЦŴ
״뿪ˡ
û뵽С޸黹ãǼٵġ
Ӻȥһ¥Ҳָָ㡣
˺ô
Ǹϸ
Ů죬˫ð⣬ȿʲô裬ʲôֶо
ȥȻûоһˡ
һεСͤͤһϪˮˮ˵ĺС
ʱһŮӹ߹··ʱҪߣͱˡ
ݹⲻףû˻²ʱͤй˭
ǴŮԶֹ°ݣ񸾷ϣ
ʹˡĶЩĵãϵһʱԲȷǸʲôˡ
ΪǰŮ˾Ǹƽͨĸˡò㣬̬ףһζЩ飬־ᶨˡ

Ȼֱֻ̽ˡ
歽ͤӣұûȣʯϵĹͻͷ޲ңһ£ҡͷޡضΪ⣬ΪޣǽľŮˡ
ˣһǵŮˡһжûʱһŮӣұϮѪҪȥɷӣֻܰһж
ǶˣͲ߸·ˡ
ᣬأ
̧ͷƽӽûһ˿˵ԸͿء
Цһ£˵֣һϣ˵Ƿҵ֧֣Ӳùˣǵ֧ˣɻǵЩݣ
正ǵáͱףľһ֧
ȼǵþͺáһ˵ľλһ֧Ҫץ
正Ҫʲô⣬ҪҰ
ãȻһ²׹ҪңҪѷȥȥס
һ仰ǽһ
Ƿ峤һŮ峤㹻˶һԾˡ
ΡľڹſڵĳˣûеȻط正ȵһǰţȥ
ãȻ߽ȥ󣬾ͼժǹڹԵľǷ歡
Цȥɷ˵ɡ
歹ӵĿ˵Ҳܸȥˡ
ΡһæʣѵǹҪ㵱Ů𣿡
ҡͷ飬ܷΡѾ㾡ᡣ
ֻһ衣
һҪչʾĹߣ
Ѿѵ·ָˣֻҪԼ߳һ
Ҫ롣歵
ΡĿɿڴ
һ£˺ܾá֪벻Уܲܺ벻Ρٵĵطÿһ춼Ůȥ룬˲Ը⣬ֻҪŮ룬ֻҪɣΡͱ
ͨƽŮ£ȴ
֪Ҫ˭롣
йڣڿˣ
Ρ벻Ӧס׵ĹƺܸȤһֱͷ歡
ڴ˵˵ұŵ¡
Ρһ£԰Լ正ȴ÷歺ҡ
£ס歵˵ҷأֻ㿴նķϣҪǺҼҡ˵գ˼ͷ
ҡͷҲޡ
Ρ̧ͷ治ޣ
ҡͷ
Űɣʱȴֻš
ǼҾ㣬ҰȥһֱΪĸɲպ㣿
歵ͷȻԡ㣬ҲȰҼҡ
Ρһϲʱŷ歶ȫȻ顣Է歵ڸΣտ歾飬ΪһĶι˹死ǼС֪⼸ڷҲô
ûٶķſ֣ȥˡ
ĿΡԶȥ
Ĺ˵ʱ䲻̫ˣҪѧĶкܶࡣߵĵһλŮˡ
һֳ˽ֵ˺ܾá
Ҷ˵ЩūǺεȵ׳ûע⵽ڵյŮһŮ١
Ρ檺ͺӶ£Լȸϻң֪׳歵Ź¡
Ȼ̫ˡ
֮ǰҾ˵һֱûӣ͸ýˣ
ΡǷ޸ܺãҲ۰
歲Ҳǵĺӣ
һ˵֪ˣͲ÷
Թ죬һ˰οңʵҲʲô¡㷶ڹߣʲôҪҵȵֺαطҵһ·˵䲻ģڵһʲôֵùأ
һСԼҵĻȴõҳƵ˶һ
ûûҡ¼Ϲ˼ң귮ǵļڳͷļƬߣﻹֵǮأ
ԣûҪ
ڹߵô죿һ˵ǵ
һŮˣǵѵܵϵҵȲɣ
ʹˣҲС
Ρĸ׶Ρ˵ĹʧҪȲУܽм˵¡
Ρ⻰˼º취ժǹߵǶշ正ͬʱϣ歲Ҫڹ̫ܳ衣
ҽ
˾Ц
񣺡˺òҪһңҪϽ
عպбȥ
һ£𣬾ġ
ת۵˾£ˡ
󽫾ʤسͶϵʮǳأȫԸ鸽³
һǵĳշԳ³ˡ
ž籾˵ǷϾˣ¼ǵýи£ƺǷϣһ
µķʮڶЩãȻȻǽ͡
һǾǷǡǰнң˳֮󣬹˳ǸΪǣӴ̫ƽˣ
ͶǹĹҪ٣йŮ٣ʲô֪ǺܶġǾƷΣϻǡʲôġ
Щֻڹ߷̣ûҲ͵֣ƽʱϹĹԱҲ϶˶ļ񡪡͵ˡ
ţЩ˾Ϳһͷڱ£˻߽
óףطԱţֻ˵һУ˵ó˵ֵܽãĸ岮
Ƿϵ¡ȻǸŮ٣
Щ˲֪ô졣ǱһͶôҲ³ϻλڿѲɶŮļ£
׵ĴѾ˾
ϲ̽ʣȻǷϣ
正ȷϵѪס
ϲúúãˣعһҰɡ
歵Ե
֣ĳǸԼѮˣһҲ㾭ˡŸ˷Գߣʣ£ѾˣˣǾͲ㷶ˡ
ȻҲ淶Ժ󹩸̫̫
歵ͷҡͷ֮ǰһжǰպ롣
һ㶣ȻϢҲųʣ֪¿ѰһʲôΪԸΪ±ߡ
ҪǷ˵ˣʹӼֶѰһ̸歡
Ҫ޸ã޸Ҳܰ
正ȻҪƷ¸Ϊá
˵ͷšţ
歵ͷΪ³ס
˼ҪΪ۾˵Ϲˣ漴Ӧ³ϣΧдôˣܲһ˶۾ƭ
ɿΧˣûһ¶֮ɫ˵Ǻķס
뿪³̫ˣ


470 ʦ
歼ǹ, λоƷȻйú͹ۡ
ֳǺ÷ӲңΪеĶ˸ռˡ⣬йĺ÷ӿɶˡ
ʹ˷Ϊǹ死ѷ֧ȥ, һʼӾʹ͵úܴ
԰͹ȥ, ȻԼ̨ˣ˵ȵ˼գһ֧ȥʲô, Ǿסһ߰ɣҪҪ, ȥûǮ, Ǽˡ
ߺµķ˶˵ȥϴ
ܳ, ԽԽš
Ůܣ
һ³˺ƭǣ
ͷǼ歲ڣͳŴȥˡ
, ΧĴׯ, Ů˲, Ů𣿡
ĺ飬һǼСӣæ, ееģýҸ˵ҼھӾǵý˵ģߣȥ
ֶһʱ죬쵽ý˼ңԺý˼Ƕ飬ϲ˵ҪҸ˼ң
Щ˲ŷֱˣ
˾ţ֮ӳӻؼһȥֵ岮һǱӣΨмм׷ԲԵĳƽƽĻˡ
Ǵ󣬶Ĭˡ
³Ӧ˵ֳǸȷʵŮϰסġ
һǰΪ󽫾ȥȻǮû˶ǲУ԰վŮ֧ŻΪڹм磬ֳǸŮӵĵλǽڽ
ֳǵһЩϼҲʱһΪŮһ³ʱֳ̣ǵ˸³³ֳ֮ǵҶϴ뱻¡ԴҪʲôǾ͸Ÿʲô
һ׸̳з£Ѿǰ϶ˡ
Щڣʱٻ֣Ҳˡ
׳ǣͿɱȵϿˡ߰궼û׳¡Ҳ߰ƽûдȥġ
Դ֣֣˵ȸ³ʮǣֵôһˡ
ǣɽХһ㡣ֱӺˡԽĳƺʵΪݹ̫ˡ
̨ʱ̫ӡٹӡߵߵסһһֳ硱
ǰôн䣬Ǵظ飬ôУѾʵˡ
Ըһϵ׳ǣѽ͵ºſڣԼȥժ¥
ժ¥߻ƺ̳õͽܣóҽġ
һһŮɼƶྫһǸģһǸġ
ƽ꿴ȥꡢǰûʲôϵƻô࣬ΪţԵúãû£Բ˵㣬ƻ˼ƵǺ׷ͯա
ͽܣеôݰףŮðԲ˻һԷޣ
ķ޶ˣܳɾͷ޻ȶգǶڱĵطϵġ
һԣ׺üˣ˵ܣҲŮʱһ˵ʱݵֻʣһͷӣⰡιʱˣһֱû
ŮҲ˵еֻҪ죬ͷ̧Ҳҿһƺء
ýǲϾдˡɫǡ֡
պټͽԱţţеľҲûˡ
Сͯһ̵ܽˣˣǽնȥ鳯ˣڸ˷ܵͨ죬мܵǰ̨Ʊ䣺ԺҲҪȥһһ˵Ҫȥǣ
һͰѽߵĹٸռˡ
վԶԶĿһԽľ¶ЦرɵĶ֡
ϵҲһֱ֣˫һСյĵ¥¡
ղ˵ҪǣļСͯһǰҾ밲ʺãһߵȥǣһﲱӣ˸ڣǣ
Ӽ£ͯ˵Сˣٳǣɡ
˵գ߽
ˣתܵ¥ݿڣһһ׸ĽŲմ¥ݿһðͷ̽ȥǣ֣û˵˰ɣ
һס֣һһӾͰ˵ء
ûСģìûһ¡
ϴģҲǣڷͣһʰˡ
Ҳţҽˣھȥһ¡˵Ű˸Ƶ
һԷ޽ȥ̺£һһӣ˵󽫾ЩƣȷʵûС
ȥĵľˣ˵һƤûˣ˻ˣʦͽȥ󣬾˵õϸٵݸˮ衣
úõ˯һС˵
໰Ҫ˵Ҫɸղһôƣ֪ڲʡ
ʴôЩô֣ô
ˣľԶˡ
һ˯ò࣬ող˾ˡϰȥǹսɵϰߣսʱ̲ҷݣڲսϣҲĲˡ
Ѿ˶ʳ
̵ʱԵľҲײϴֱﵹˮӽɼɣûɾͲӣôһ࣬һԡ
ժ¥ĶʳȻȾеҪϸࡣ
߹ȥǰѾһ룬ͣ˶˴ݵĻƶͻըĻƶȵֲ࣬ǷҲ׶ģԼ֪ôĳ󣬽ֽ벻ͨ˽⡰С
ʢĿ鲻ͦġ룬Ӻȵóȴŵܣһһһûˡ
ϣըƶһųԣʣͰ֣ʮĳǵ¸˵ˡ
Ǿųʵʵʳġ
ųǶ̼Ͻ£Ǳ̼ѹһ飬ٱӹܵʹѹһ飬ֱųɵ֣ѹ˵顣
ǣƵϹ޲ˡ
ţ㿪˳ţҽӹ˳ǣͷֳǡǾڴöʳԺƮȫǣȫǵ˶һ롣
ȻһֻһΰɣȻǻƶȻϡ˵㣬жˣ
ǰʱҲԹݣû֣Ĵ֮أȻҲаԸɲݳ伢Ǻ󣬾ԶŮϣıǰҪģֻҪһϣһĺӾܸ㡣
֪ڳеİնûԵģڶӡ
Ϊʲôܣ
ȻΪӲǰ֣ӵ³ȥݵ֣ѽˡ
ǶܵģǷ֮󣬾Ͳˡˣ˭ֵأ˭
һҶжˡ
ϧŮĸĸԸԾʳ£ϧԼİѶŮжʡʳԼԡ
͵ƭᣬֶжڹ컯֮·
дҲἩףˣǵĶӻ
ΪūһһдҲȫǵİյū
³󽫾ʳ֣˵һȥǺ䶯ˡ
ǴԻˣͶĳʳ󽫾İʳճˣǸҴռȥˡ
վͶˡ
Ҫȥ󽫾ɰ͸󽫾ֻ󽫾ֻ󽫾ǻ³
Ҵ֣Թ˰̣˵ҪǣԴͶ³ǹ³֣Ҳڲˡ
λλмˣҲ˿ס
֣ǸɵӣϧգϧĵֻԼĿڴ
³Ǹˣι񣬻ˡ
ǲԸ֣³л
ʮǱͶ̼̫Զû취鸽֮⣬ʮǴ֮ͨһ򽪴󽫾׳ˡ
û뵽ôסһ³̶ʱƶõģ˳ǣҪգ֮󣬾Ҫѳְˣ֮󣬾Ҫǿʼֵء
ˣǴ죬ֹףֻƶ𣿻ƶǻüһģ굽ջ⼸ǵ첻ڶ̫ˡ
׳Ǻ󣬰Ѷļǵմжȫ롱׼ȥ³³Լ˵Ҫȥ³˵ģ³˵ҾˣֲǴǲ뺦ңǲв֮ģ
ȰЩ˶ˣһһǵһ飬ȷôֵأֻƶ
³˰ƶҲ֣ˣ֣˴ûʳֹ֣գǻЦ³Ĺ׶Բϣϵʳ
ɲˡ
еǾͬһ£аվҪȥݷأ˵ǸֻƶǾҪúõȥ
ʮ߹һ飬ʱһŵĳеĻƶѾð߳ˡ
Űʦس
ÿﶼˣʮǿʱҪȥ
ƽƽ˵꣬ǲ֪Ϊʲô鲻á
ǿ֣˵Ĳ״ọ̀

ͷһ⾭ȴԾôͷŵġ
һƲߣ֣֣ʣתͷңҲʣ֣ˡ˵ףļ̫̫
Լ£֣أҲʹ̡
ȥԻô
ܳκν¡
Ψһµģ
û˵
ͼ˵֣Ѿ֮Ϊ̫ӡҲûǰһΪʫٸ£˱˵֮ǰɱ֣ǰŮŮѾûˣٲ˱ͲǰŮҪв֮ˡ
û˼ǰĴݣֻͣ£Ļ
ͷ֣֪³Ҫʮǵ¡Ѿȥˡ
ӶԱǸͻȻðˡ


471 ȡ
, ֻһˡڽǲȢ˸ŮЦԺˡ
䲻ðһ˵ͶЧ˵ͽˡ
ǽ֮, ҪɱҲûʲô
һ, Ҫ˵Ļ˼ƺ׼ժǹ롰йأʵ̫бʶȣȳ̸һ, ޡʩʵǧ֮ġ
硰ݷǵʮ񣬿ɳ
硰ŭׯԷ˫ӳ, ͭУ
硰Դѹ׾ٵĵõˮǣˮ, ӴսˮҪ
硭
ڿҫ۹⣬ҲвĻ֮ˡ
Ҳңҿ֪أ
ˣҲв, ţȥʾ
ǸˡЦ
ˣͨԳֲŸ, ϲܽǵʱ, ̨Ǻ, óľǱѡҾ㲻ãŷһõ, ҾȥˣٿһѣǸͶ״ûһѹġ
ϧ˲ţȻշھߵĴѾˣֲԽԽãʵһеĴԽ࣬Խ׳ìܡ
ǣӼҪΪǡժǹǰɷԸȥ֣һ¡
ûȤԹҪ˵ȤͲÿɷҪ˵
˵󽫾ҪˣնʮģδһԱ䣬֣æŸܣڶû֣ǣڵ壬³Ҫɸʹ߹ȥ֣ϱߵʮҿźãܹܰ˵ʲôʱ㣿
Ҫ֣ͬ¡
һͲҪȴĳˡ
Ƿ˲Ϊ˵һ˶
ǴӦˣԸȥԡ
ɱڽ׼ˣ

ĳõΣ
ƽڵһϯ֮ءҪ£ǵǹġ
ôΣյ£ֻܻ򵱵
̫СֵáǲֵȥݲµΣպԾֵһˣô䲻
ŵ׼֣¡
ӸղŽͺΪʲôǹڴˣڶϹ۾Ļŷ·ʲô
ţǼ⣬һ䣺ʹӦҲ֣̽һ䣺ߡ
Цһ¡
ڰʾ֣ԵĹϵͼӲ
ţժǹ
ϵĴԣʣΪʺ󣿡Ͳ뿪³
뷨͹һժǹ˵ʺŮ룬ժǹȥʺˣ³ͲٹˣɽˮģҲ첻
Թԣʺһȥʺ󣬾ͲʵʵСʵ۵Ļʺ󡣷ֳ̨ɵӣ³ʺһȥСʵ۹ƶĶ֡
³˵ٺһȻ³Ϊ󣬶³˵Ƿҫҫģȵڳʵ
Ȳϣ
룬Ҫȥʺˣͼ
һθɣ˰ȥˡ
Ϊ˹㣬ҲŭϾʺ֮ȨԶ³Сˮ̶ˬ졣Ҫ³ȥֻԥȻͶɹȥʺ󡭡ȥ̨
Ҳǲа
͵㴦ݼةࡣһҪȥ֣ʿЦе˵۱ڵûֳɵģһЩ̲ȥ֣лмʿ
ǿӡ۾ûжҲţ˹̲Ż֣ȥˡ
ߴˣǸʲôҪôðģ
ҡͷֻ˵˵ǿˡ
Ŷ㶮ˣҪѱʹԲôΪˡҪܿס֣Żܲ°ûɣ֪ôˡ
Ϊ֪֣ͨ£ǿɲġ
Ƕռˣ֣֪Ͳ֪֪ˣڸոԹʱ³
һġ
˲ΪԽ
л˵ˣͻȻðһ䣺ȥɣҲˡ
ˣˡ
Ϊ֣ĲܵģǷ֮Ĳͬѹ
ǰҲ˳ʵĸ̫ˣҸ㲻һ
ͨ׵˵ǵͬΪı
ߵĲͬһ·ǵ֪붼һ꽥𣬲ھͷֿ
ʹʹ
ľ·Ѿ뿪һ졣
ǿ˶񣬿ס֣һ
ܰѽ³̫ʱ䡣뿪ҪӿŲѽ³
Խ˵³ļ磬Ҳʿļ硣
Ҫý뿪³³Ϊ硣
һҹߵʩֶΣ亨һ˯һһҹ
е㲻֪µãȻˡ
ϵóժ¥ŵ
ģ֪˽빫²Ϊ񣬷һڡȻ󽫾ժ¥Ϣû취ڸǣ󽫾˽ʹ󽫾빫˽飬ȫͬ¡
ǰߣҲ£ߣֵһᡣ
ϧ󽫾࣬ԵйŮ꣬ѵ
¥ĹŮ˶֪뽫˽飬ȥȴûһ˸ܡ֪ڹĹޣǹ澽ģֳѡ
ࡢ̵棬ҪҪԡӺ಻ֳ˼ͷ׶ôⶫ
꣬ȥϴ˸裬ŵ¥ȥ
ǽʼ빨㡣
俴ʣǴ£
¡еֽ빵ݸͨ޵·ˡ
ͨޡԬ޴Ƕűӡͨ޵ĺҵ죬þˣΪºԬޣͨ޷¡ˮȷʵᵹɲ
Ԭ޳£ӳһĿͨޡ
ǰ򣬺ž֡
ǸϾˣȻճţٴӳѡξ׳ӹ̳ųǽ
ԣϧ͹
ûʩΪһʩͺ˵ʲôʱǸͷʧĶԼǮ
ˣҾͰǸߣ˵ȥֳǣҴ
ȷһʼ취Ǻõġ񶼳ֳˡ
ԴԴӳģΣǼСлгܵÿ죬ܵ磬ͨ޺ҵĻ󣬼ŲҲൢ飬ֱӾͱֳ
ӳľͶ޳ϸͨƶˡ
ǶŶӣʧɢˣȲӵͨޣϵ˺ϲ֪·ȥֳǵĴߵö
οжֳ֪ôߣǴⱲԬ޶ûȥߵͨѾǽ֮ңȥֳǣֳںηǰĴʵɿ
ǲߣҼԽԽ࣬Ƕͨкɱˡ
سǽɱ֣ȻˡܻԬȥˡ
ǰ·ǼңȻܸȫİ
ɹ죬ˣǰ࣬ϸһ磬ôм찡
˼󣬺ҼֻɣôôĶȥͨ
һ飬ԭԬ˵ģ˵ͨ޺Ǹˣȥͨ޿϶гԵġ

ɵˣҲԸⱻ˿ˡ
ڲ鷳ʱ򡣺ؽɱˣؽˡɱˣ͸õˡ
ؽ˵ҰɱˣǲеģҿԻȫܰܲܣ㲻˰
ۿͨҪԬˮϿˣؽҲʼʱҵ̫̫ڣǮͻԬޣԼҲˡ飬ֻûʮ껺
طڸǵǲһģؽˡ
һߣ϶ҪűߵġǰƻҪҺҪҪǮ
һؽĿ¶׹⣬Ʋǰ
ԼһؽһӰɡ
ؽʹϺңͨѹһˡ
˳ģܵ˱ӿڡ
ӿرפͨղʵûвĶǨĻҰϰˣԣлɣ絽ƶˡ
вģȥߴסβκȥȥߣβþ͵
ôһӪĽֶĸˣүүô
ǳ±һؽ˱ͣؽϣҪԸ˫֣ͶɵĻǿɾͳɱȥ˰
ؽһҵˣûȥҪǮһ˹ȥɲһȥɡ
ұƱ˼ͯ
ؽѵþ⣬ʾδУȻҼһͶ
ȵߣؽȰѺҸˣ˵֪ⳡˮֲ֣˻ҸɵģҪץ׵ģ
ӪĽϲѺˣؽȥѺҴĴﶼսˡȻ¡
꣬Ҫؽȥͨʰо֡
ʵǴźԼ񣬰ͨ޸ռˡ
Ϣˮ·͵ֳҲֻҪһҹ൱ˡ
Ҳ˵ʱ䣬Ǻұ׽õʱ
ͷû
֣Ǹ˲š䣺˵ԼǶˡ˵һ


472 Ƶ뽨
ȷʵǸ˲š
ȵͨ, ͨǳưܣҰҴܡ
ͨ޵ҲǳϦ
Ҵؾһȫܹˣͨ޳ǾͳĿճǺܶ˸źһˣһʱһֲ緽, Ϲײֻ, ˣ涼ǻҰȫǼ, ܳȥıźŰȫֳɵķĺܺ, һܣ˶, ׳ǻţзһϣǵʮʮ, ܶʲôã
ܻͨ޵Ѿ˵ˣʣûҵ·ģڰˡ
صҲȫ, û
Щû, ռ, и׳ֳֹǲ߶ȴӹͨޣ, ·ϲ֪ʲô£ӵֳǣҲȲͨްôмҵ
ϣЩûߵļܳ־棬˶ȥţſڵģҶʹߡ
ֻԼా
ѳŹϣٽǡɹ˻˴򿪣ÿһնӣʮʮˡŹعأձ˰ѳ˨жˡ
û˰ѳŸжһ͵ߡ
Ҳزסͨ޵Ȼ޷ǿڴˣΪ࣬棬衣
ڻûǣǮﶼ׼ˣֳɵĴҲ˺üӭڴǡ
ڽǵգгиհһʢϯϯ⣺𣿴֪ͨ޵𣿺Ӵȫˣκҵѡ̫ͨء
һȺ˰ڽ£ӦͲھʹӦȥһ󽫾ͨ޴£ϳͺϣѡ
ҲͨҪ󣬵һȰѳˣڶλԼаգСʬڳӷպ
Ҫ
Ҳû취ͨ޵˴ӦͿʼ޳ţա峤Լ壬÷£ڳмʬ׳ȥڿӡ
ۿʬճɻˣȥˣٽѡ׳ĵأǿѻģֻƶ
ȻԬȥ
Ԭ޵ͨ޺õö࣬Ϊûӡ
˵ڴͨ޹ҴųӭʮںҲǿͿ
ڵԬޣȷʵһƬǽ壬ƽĶۣԬ޵״ͨ޺õöࡣ
ȻҲǱذ裬ձ֮Ⲣţϻмʬˣҵĸϸĵ˵ʬװڽδⲻŹۣʰߺ˻Ӱͼᡣ
Աֺǰס
ڵʬ׻յĺá
ҵҪյģȻҲûôطᰡ
ֻҪһ;ˡ
ôãҲûе¡˵Ҫҵ˵ֳȥܴĶ͡
ΪºܲԴҪ͡
ҵ˴Ϊһͷ·޿ģ˵ܲ¼Сĺӣ
ڲ
ܲŮ죿ٷŮһ·
صͷˡ
Ҿһж͡ˣǰߣţھ쳵
Ԭޱĳʱ˴ˣԭȱҲʣ
ʣµĶǸ棬ֻܼ¡ܼǧ˳ÿؼҸе̫̫̫̫˵Ҿ׳ˣࡣ
Ѱ뵹Ӷˣõשľ˿յϡ
ʳˣÿ涼ʳ͸ǳԡ
ҵ̫̫̫̫ǶңǸˣǱߵļӦáҲƽɣ
֡ѡȢŮΪ檣ʱˣʹҵŮҲ˳ȥ׷ǰ˵ǡ
檶ӿĪռǽõıˣҪҼȥ𣿡һ§һǸôãģġ
˵İŮҲƵˡȢŮĸֳǡ
ĸСɩӻȥֻҪɩİˡ
Ц£һȥûˡ
ĸЦŰ˸ˡ
˴Ԭ߸ɾԺսľʼԬȫǺʮ
ƵǽһգԬްհ졣вߵģһһ֣ūһŲĳǽʯľȥ³ǡ
վڶԣ̾£ӵĴҪһˡ
ֳǣժ¥
ưѿԪǽȥͨޣֳǵǵٵڽ·ַ·
ȥͨ޺ȥԬޣԱ־Ըε˵ΪӺӴǳǧȻˮСٷֻʵϱӵĺӴѾ챻ӽˮӿĺƽˡ
ԺҲô׾ӵˮˮԬ޳ǡ
취һƳǡͨ޻˵Ԭ޲ԭˣƣʮʮʮΪѣʮǸطƽסˡŲȥҪҪｨǣҪٿ
ڶࡣӴ
ΣȰõİ취˵
ʣأ
ƼǹʣͷҪҪʵؿƣһһ֮Ҫףǰʮ˵ˮʮ˵ˮ֡
һĺӵǰƣܲʡ
ͷȥԬޣΪ̫ͨأԬ°ɡ
Ʒȥ
ժ¥ʱĻ
һգ룬ϯ乨ӲŸߣѱʶ΢Ц̨һָĳڴˣϲˡ
˭֪ǴҲǹ࣬ѵǽ󽫾ǸƵͷ
еˣ
಻ֱԣֻ˵ٵһʱ֪ˡȻȥ˿Ԫǡ
ƵԪ󣬼ҵһ̧ˣһǧɡżףӿԪҲʳµ
ڼ䣬ңȰǲҪѧңҪЧҴ
⼸ҾͰѹһպ󣬵ɹƷ͵ֳǡ
䡰ӡüһҽûᡣҼʬΪȰǲҪô
ΪǸгʬˣǲТТǲźá
׹ʬ⡣ģҽõȥʬڼȻҪ䡣
뽪Ȼģѵ䣿
ѻ˿Ԫǣ߰ļҵΪ˹»Լĸĸ޶ֳܵǣĹ֮
ʱˡ֮ǰͨˮ¿ԪѾ˵ˣΪ˴ӿԪƶȥͨޣ˵ˮغͱӿ޴ǵⶼˡ
ƽӵȥͨӲ鵱Σƹ˲һʹҴ뿪
ˣˮؾȻٸһʹãʹãǮҲٻοֻȥͨޣû
СЦ˵˲ҪΪҵȣ󽫾ңд˵һëһҰһӡ
ֻðɷūˣ׶ϵ࣬Ҳ˵ùȥ
ҲҺ˷ūģһ·߹ȥͶŵūͲ֪ж٣ĸźȫƲҪˣֻӣҪԵģҪǮֻҪºӣڷԣܻȥˡ
ͳͳˡչһǧ˾˴ȥȰ
ȵͨޣԬޣȻתֳ࣬ϱժ¥
˹
һ֪Ǹ˭ˡ
Ƶվ͹ٰݲʿΪʲôǲʿó߲ûãǴ򡣲ʿ
˵ụ̀ãȻӦʱеġ
·һ·
ҺùžͿʼԬ޺ͨ޵ˣ˵ȥԼĹãȱ˲ʿԺͿΡ
æһѻ˵ԬѾ˵ʮǶǨˣԬ޵ĳҲѾˣǰҲҪһӡ
ƣ
˵ұץˣҪұˣҪ͡
ԣҸ󣬾ֱӶˡ
£Ȼˡ
ȥʱе˺ֹǧҷ֮һδ￪
ͷ϶ŻȵĲʿͷΣҺ;ɵ׼ȥͨΡ
ͣһ˲¡
Ҫ
ƻͷѾҪ̨ժ¥⡣
֮°ɡ
ܽйʧ
Ҫ֤ԼܡȥĵطʩչԼĲŻ


473 ΪΣ Ϊ
û֣˵˷ӵĴ, ࡣ
ڼվڸǰʱƵĴѾ׹ˡ
ȻԾŻѷƣȷʵֻ֪Ʋʶ
ԸڼиҲĴΣԭǲơ˽Ტ, Īĳ衣
һ, һ
֮ǰںδ૵ôһ㶼û
ܵʿɼֳˡֳҲʱ, ȴûӵĴ

𾢣ԳٿЩҪ֣, 񣬻ص³, Ĺ٣
Ҫ£
֣ϡ٣ǶԵЩ˲, ̴Ъҵšżһܳݡɡ
ѧʿӣһŵȳӡ˵³, ֣˾ͷ׷, Ҫӡӡͯ, ҪŮ澡檡
֣Ϊʲô
кӻ˵ŮôҲҪƸ
֣˶һ˵, 쾰ã֣ѡ
ʵҪѡѾ֪ˣ֣ԼûнãŮ͸ȥŮˣ֣ԼһŮ޵³ΪԻʵѡ󣬸֣޹أ֣йء
֣˲²⣬֣Ƶ£һѡˣʵۣʥ衣
ƶҲнοЩʳ˼ң˭ǰ⵱ĸΣһúõŮòʮ꣬ѵҪȥǧ̺֮˲ɣͲƷҲУѧʺҲһ㣬Ȼûʳ̸¡Ӿ֪Ǯơ
ˣŮ͹ȥٲԿͷ
ο˵³һŮݿ𵱻ʵ۵ĹŮȥڵ³һ㣬պĿܡ
ʣβŮ
֣˿Ц⼸꼸еĳһΡΣ˰ʮ̣ﻹӣ
Ůֻ࣬ޡ
ȻŮҲˣ֣˿ֻ֣࣬־ȵ˼οһȥԸΣôڴʱϧ
һ·ɳȥ·ϹؿĶ࣬ʱƵ̲顢ѡҶδ߶³ˣֿۣ𻬣оյĹ˹أɳǡ
ɳң̨
ɳжЩ·˶ˣеҲвٻšһ·ǵ̺ͽ̡
һЩǮҲס̵˵³ˣ˽ܴܲ³
³֣һҲûд³֣һʳ
²³ģֻҪ³Ͳ˵֣
֣˽֪³׷ݡ³Ǵ֣ȥģ³ȱ֣Ҫ֣ض³Ȼ˵һʳֻ֣ĹΣ
ÿɷ񣬺䣬ѸٳΪ֣˵ϱ͡
ǣҲ˳ļ֣
ң̨
ԺС̫ӣһһĽʫСֽ̫빣ĸŶӡġ֣ߡȥ֣Ժ
йŮĿĿš
С̫˼ū֣һֱΪָԼ
ԺĨٻӰоۡ
ڵ⻹С̫ӵļλԹҡ
ԺӲǼС̫ӣΨһֻܼԺ
֣֪£԰
ĸлǰµġ
ĸͷһҪ˵Աģֻˡ
֣󡭡Ҳް취ҪҪǰԹ˵Ӧˣֻ̫һȥµ̫ӰΣҴӦ
ĸҲԥ
С̫Ǹ鷳Ȼû֣ܶ˵ãȴƫƫá
ĸ̫Ӳ빬ûиĸ˺Լ⣬ȴδغݲġ̫ӵ˹⣬ȴָı̫ӣԴ˱ƹ
֣ҲǵĴ¡
ңûԼܱС̫ӡԺС̫Ӵ粽룬õġɱԺһԸС̫ǰġ
ڽԾˣҲ˵Ϊʲôˣ֣Թ˱ֻܴԺ취
ĸ©ѵȥ÷ˡ
֣æԶԶԣ
¹ڣѬϸԺ׼ԺĹȥ
ԺǰļԹҿֵ֣ˡ
һҾ֪֣
֣ǻڣﶼҪֹ֡
˼ڡ
һһ˵ӿЦ˵ˡ
֣֣ˣҲˡ
ϵϹ䣬µͯ޲֪ǵʮĲֹ
ⲻǿ䣬ǿࡣ
㶼ôˣúõ겻
˭óϡӦ˵ϣ
ԣȰúýӵ˶ˣøַĥˡʣµĶˣȫװɵ
Ȱ桢ƣ͸޼ɵһͷûͷķϧԹԿ񱼵߶Թᱻ۳ʲô
û˸ȥ⡣
ڵЩ˶֪ǵ̵֣֣̫ӣܻ޻ءǲҲҿԹͱȫˡˣ˵ֻԼһ
֣ݵˣ˷׷ܵһԣ£Ҿ棬ͷ
֣ǣȹٻʺá
һԻ֣һȥһС̫ӡ
Ϊ˵Ҫ̵̫ӣǡͬġ
Щ˸֣ߵſڣϵģֱԺĹŮˡ
ŮĿбӣ˵ˡ
֣ȰȰ¹ŮȥٴʾԺ󣬻Ҳһ仰˵ټһˡ
֣ĽȥЩֻüڵȺ
һ˵ҹۡΪϻۡ
һô̫ӣ
ľҲɳƴˡΪ󣬲ŮŮ³ֱΪˣʢ費˥̫ӣΪڸǱ֣۳裬ҲƵƵʺһдһڿŮ
Ǹ
ͣһ£˵ҵȵ˵ϡ
˲͵
һٰۣͷ¡
ǵԸΪߣǰǣõõǵĵط
ʱһˡ
˭
ʱ֣ġ
֣ڽչţĸˡ˸ʲôһҪһҪ̼лʣµҷģҪٸ¡һôвģֻҶվһܸһС
֣Ը⡣ǰߣ򲻹ߣǻصǰ
û̼⣬һξԼ֣֮
οڻ֣ܱλ
ܱ̫ӣˣ̫Զ̫ӡɱ̫ӣ
ʮ࣬չԾ֣һ꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ٻأ
ԼѾ⣬Ըԡ
֣ڹſ絽˵á
Ȼ˵˵ſڣʻ˵ʴڡ
˿һˣüǺˣ˰Ƴ³ӣ
񣺡֣
һ·Ѿ뵽Ҫô˵֣ˡҪȼ֣ǸʲôپҪѡԡ
ȼ֣󣬽̸䣬ʹʧ
˻罪ϴء
ǿŵȴ֣öࡣ
޲ȴԱ׾Ȼǹڱ޲ȴܣʶˣˣӱ˵Ĺ
֣޲ţ޵£ܣ֪ôһɵӣȻ֣
ֹһ֣ˣ֣д֣֣Ҳ䵽ء
ɵҲܺƭǡ
̸֣˵ĵݳ³塣֣׼ˡ
ȵ˹Ů£ֻʣ֣ĸ˵شޣ޵޵ô۸Ρ
֣̫ࡢ̫ѣ̫Ƕ̫Ѵ棬ڣ
ȴͱôɣų꣡
޵֣ﶼеġ
꣬ס֣֣ԳǼҴһһĸСʱ֪ܶ£ҴǰҲȨ۸ҴڻȨ۸Ҵ˵֣̼Ҹɵˣ̾˻أ˵֣ɵúãɵöԣԼҲ֣ǺгһҲߵȨͳͳɱ⣡
֣֡
Ȼ³ĸеĸͣҲȷʵ³֮ͬˣ˵³ʫ֮ء
³ԭ鶼õĴŹ
˵³Ǻ³³Բ֣ҲҰ֣³ΣεĶ˯ˡ
֣ȻֲԼһҲ³ֶŵ˯ţȻе
˵³֪֣ȱ³һ취֣ճɺ󣬾Ͱ֣Ͳ֣ˡ
취ͦá
ֻ֣ǲһ£³ô
Ըʮĳǣȡһһ䣬ȡһһֻʱ֡Թӡ
֣ĸԱߵɴ۾
֣Ȼţֲɵ
ȻšΪĿԿǲȥʮǴʳڹʮǵİʲôǿ·ۣ˳ĵǹ
֣ʮǵİÿʳһʺεȾ޴ʳʹս³֣ˡ
˹֮ףѪϵ˿ԣɲ֮ģ
֣ȥʮǿյڸ֣ÿԵʳǴ³Ļֻ͡ˡ
ߺĸæŴⲣ
֣̾㲻ţʮǣҲ᲻һô죿
ңһأ
ĸĿɿڴ֣һβɻ
Ϊڴˣ
ڴΪΣ


474 
֣֪ô졣Ƿϱ´
Ǹټ˻ȥ, ÿ˼иߴȥң̨֣
֣տƣֻһĸԽǣ֮ĸ˵岻ʻؼ, ȥزԴ, Σ˵ǳѾѪˡ˵ﶼûѪ, ǻܻ𣿵ȻУĸĶϵ޸, ȥ͹ײ鲼ᦵ׼ˣ㷢, ֪ܾͨͿˣô׼ɥ¡
ѱ˻Ŷһ棬޲뿪, ɼĸǵ治ˡ
֣Ҳģǲ׽ǰȥ̽һİͷ, ĸ˯, 糤, ˾һġ
ĸҵ˶ʮָжݲ
ûĸ֣û˵ˡİݷþԵøҪ֣, Ȳȥ̼ҷҲȥۣһģһͦõġ
ÿÿ֣֣Ҳʱ̾³Ȩ󣬱³ϡϡģ֣ڶһΪ³ҲΪȨͷ۶죬һҲЩ̼ϣҲܺʡ
ЩȰʡ˵Ϊ̫̰Ķ̼֣̫ܣɱ̼ȴӲ̼ҵĵӣ֪ȴû֪֮
Ǵ챻ҪͷӦʾʡ̫Ϊˡ
˾ͲԸ
Ļžġ̽Ϊ٣һھܾ󣬲ŷ
ǸҪص³ȥ³ˣ֣ûйذûѾȻԷʹá
ԹԺ飬β֣
֣ʧɫԹֻɼͿɳˣֻ¾֣ˡ
δظԺ󱻴ɱء֮
֣ʣҪǸأ
ЦʣǾҪʴҲնˡ
֣ң֮·ǸʲôԸˡ
ңǿˡ
Ϊȴûɱ˵ĵӣͲɹƲñᣬѾ׼ˡ
֣к¾ˣûа취ߡ
˵кѣԾ֣ԺǴģ
⻹˵ȻǾ͵ȡáֻ֣Ҫ뵽Щ;ĳǸʲôۣ
˵˸ˣðܣʳյûԵˣȻҪߡ
֣ǻȥĳġ
Ϊ˲ܵȥ¹⼸ǵһҪúдˣ顣
Ц
֣ŭЦ£ҡͷ֣β¶
ȻЩ˶֣˸ιˣ¶׾
֣Ǻ£˶ɱˣǿס
Ҳ£Ҳ¡
һ˿Ҳȥֻ֣ڶʱ
͹ȥݷԺ
Ժ˵³ŮͽϻʹС̫ӱܵȥˡ
֣
纣Ϧ빲
Ժ˲ϲǣ̾Ҷףʧ˳谮ֻȥκŮҲڹЦ޼ɣǰж谮ʱж顣
֣պҲˣᣬͿŸ֣
Ҫһɷղ¹ӣԱԺ
Ӧһѿ͵
Ժк⡣
Ժ󣬿֪գ
ڼ֣֮䣬֣ܺΪʤ󶼾·߶ţ󷽵һ
ԺϥС̫ӵʱҲѱ
Ժβ֪
ΪΪޣʲôһۺ¶գգ빫Ӿҡ
һ£ӦԺ죬ѹ֣ڶʧ˳谮ֱ
ԺĽҲֱӣ󣬲زȨɱȫ
Ժ˼ۣʣҸҪ˸ңֵΣ
ʣ˴˳ӣ
ǽԺһɱһɱһ˫
Ҫģβʹ˶أ
ԺȻãȻ⣬ȻҲ֪ڵӼѾйŮĸ˶Ը
ȴš
ǰһ
ûָԺģ˵ˡԺһ˿˼ա
ص֣У֣Ժ˵ʲô
ЦȰ֣ԴΪΪӣɷΪ𡣡
֣ͷ⻰ܶԣֵô𣿡
ңΪܸĸ۸ֵΣ
ָˡ
֣æʣô˵˵˵ĸģŮʡĸģŮȰ˵⸸ĸһٴ
֣ԺѾȰ˵¸дһţ£ѵҪԺдţ⻹
˵βдţ
֣ʣддкβͬһ塣иŮ֮ԵȰ²޻˵
֣Ժ󣬵ξȥԺˡ
Щ˶ܿ˾ڵʯģ֡
˺³ҲװܺԹ׼ȥ̨ĹƷĶ࣬ػڷҪĸŮȥɣ
ЩʱԹﻹûдʵѡԣˣû⣬ûһ£Ҳ͸֪Թѡ͵Ĺһλ
⻹һȫȤĻء
˷׷
˵ĺԴӣȥǰǰǧ˰ٵġ
ҲôֻҪУ£ҰˣͳԼҸ輿
ûʲôȤ̶̵һҲûһŮŮ϶ôߣֶ࣬ԲŮϡ
ԶŮûʲôȤҲҲмֻ֧򳤳費˥Ůúһ֮⣬ߵĹӺ͹þ͸ūû
Թв֮ڵĹҲĿʶĹӡ
˵Ҫʵ͹ѡʺŮгһһһ㶼֡
аֹ֮ࣿҼǵʮǰһٶʮλˡ
һҡͷҲ׼⣬еĹжٸ˭Ҳ˵塣Ҿ˵йزˣ̺°װŵġ
ЦҲѣģõġ߿ĸѡɡ
³㣬ǲΪժǣôôţֵֹġ
ЦҹǴժ¥ģʹû͹ţڿŵ˵С
˺֣ǲ֣³ˣ³֣һ£Ҫֿ֣ԣЦ˵ǣҲ˵ǡ
ߺ⼸˾ΪˡæŻȥ취֪ͨԹ֣³Ҫˣ
Ϣ͵ǰԹЦ³ˣԼ֣Բʵ
ʣҪҪǣ
ҡͷЩ˸ʲôһȺսû´³ô죿ǡ
֣ɱˣǱԺɱ֣ˣһ̸
³Ϣ֣Ժ󹬵ƽأݹء
ԺܣͼֱԵ֣׶Ϊ֣֮ܣȻҪ̫ˡ
Ժ³ѵɣ
δʹ֣һ
Ժ꣺Ұģ
ʧʡδ֮ġ⻰˵һ㶼顣Ҵûɱ
ԺĶˡ
˵Ժ󣬲ٶ֣ͣк󣬳ɳǣڸС
ԺͻȻˣиӲٿǼգôͨ³̸³õô³Ҫα̫ӵİȫأ
֣³ֵš
ˣѵб䣿
ԺͻȻϼ֣ˡ
֣Ǿ壬ͣĻ̼ܰҰᵹǳ治⡭
ԺмװжָԺ¶˴ȥ˵ָ֣ʹԺ¶ǻ᲻ܽʱ֣
뵽ˣ֣дˣһȥݷԺ
ҪԺоٰᡣ
ԺĻѰ˽֣ضǴĸӲˣ
ּҲϯϣת֮䣬һơ
ϯ䣬֣ͻȻо׻䣬ؿָԺ󣺡ˣҺ£
ϯе˶֣סʱһߵʮ˾ҲѪء
ԺУд̿ͣд̿ͣ커̫ӣ
ϯϵ֣䲻ԣҲóȷʵ¶ָֻ֣Ժ󣬿ҲѪһߵ˾Ȼ֣һߵȥԺС̫ӣ˽еǰЩϳȥ
ϳȥ˲һȫϢ
֣ȴšжʯõҩĹ֣۵סڴġָȴɫδģа̾
ִ̾Ҫ̫ӡ
˽Ծ
֣Ѿǿӹˣ̫СĿǰûӹ˭ǸС̫ӺԺġ
ԺӼС̫Ӵϻ۽ô֣á
һͶ֣ʧ׵ˡġԺ˵Ժ֣С̫ӡ
ȻԹǱҲڣԺҪԹ߾衣
Ժ϶˵϶ǲԹġ
֣˿
Ժ֣ܲϵ³³أ
³Ȱ˵ҸҷԺ͡
Ͼ̸Ƕҿڣֻˣ³бʵѡ
Ȼ֣һеĹԺ󣬶С̫ӣ̽ȻԺдŸػ˲˱
ԺҸˣҪɱ𣿡֣ҲԸֻ㸸ϧҷ޶˺ϥ׶ˡ
Ժ¶ġ
Ӧдţ֣˵дúֽɢ֣
֣õţ㣬Ժ裬ⱶ
ºֹ֣֮ʣԺɱ


475 
Ժɱ֣, Ҳʰݣֻ·ãͷᣬϴһǱڵ֣ʬ, ȥˡ
˽һ, 
һͨæҺ󣬹֮صͭˣȻŴεܴ, һӶſˡ
˭أ
ԺûԸЩ˾ŸϤȥˡҲǶʶֵ, ⶼһ
ɳǵѾҹˣ, ˻ң׷³ţվͥң̨
֣ؼһû˯ֽ˹, ֣ʬ׺޲̾
һʣǲͣһͣ١ٹ°
Ҫ취һ´ɣ
һҡͷָͭӵķ˵Ӷˣڲסˡ
ȱˣ
ͣӲ, ͣ, á
ôģ
иʳ
Ժԭش
ݲ, ǲҿҲϸۣͽȴԺȥϴȻʻ
֣Ѿû, Ժٳ⡣ȻֻʣһС̫ӣǿû⡣
ԺϴǹƳһ𾴵ϴǰ̽ʡ
ϴȶԺԺڰ֣ǳʲô¹ʣԺģ˵˴̿ͣҲԸŵġ
ԺķȥҪѷλ
ϴֻýʣѷλ󾹲̫𣿡
Ժ̹ԣΪɱ֣ɱݣٵˣҪѷλҪԾҪϴæסڣ亹ܵΪҪɱ֣ǰ˵һ˵˵أ
Ժȡ֣дţ˵֣дţ֣˵дˣд֣꣬˵Ϊ֤ʵԾԾ֣ҪɱŤ䣬֣ɱˡ
ϴ˵ͷȥ㣬˵˵һ飬̾ʵܹ󡣡ҪɱˣһҲ֮顣
˶ͷǣһЦţɱ֪ȰצءЦ֣
һҲмŮӶ򲻹
Ѿˣ˵Ӧǰ̣˶֣¿ా꣬սսԼһ̼ңͷɽͻȻȥȻü
ˬ֮ľͶ¼Ʋ
ȣ֣ѶѾסˣҪǸϽС̫Ӽλӣ
̫ӼλΪ󣬹㷢飬ٸ̫ɳߵ
м̫ؿͲ˵ˡѡҺ˵ģʱԼȳһ䳡棬飬Եó
ȻԺȻҪΪ̫󡣻Ҫתʵû֣⣬ˣ볯볯ϵϵǸɻˡ
Ҳ׼ᱻԹռһЩȥ
֮˱һİ
ԣҪġ
ֻԺ϶ǲģҪ³
Ǿ˴ȥ׷֮ǰߵ׷ã׷Ͼֱȥ³
ˣժǹһԣʤǧһ˵
ԶԶԣҺŲѽֺҲס
ȻժǹҪȥѡǲѡŮȥΪʹΣ
֣ûͣҪŮȥ̨ģڸժǹȥá
鶨󣬷ͷ¡
ͣˡ֣ɱ
ǰŻ³֣ʹ͵ˡƺƴ
Ϊ֣ʹŮͯժǹġ
ӽǵһ·϶ˣ֮޲Ȼ
Ϊ֣˴ȴ³ѡ͹ʱԸԴݸ棬ͺֵ³˽ˣ
˵֣Ѿûˣ³˸֮̾࣬Ҳ֣ͬ
֣ҲӢš
˵С̫˵ء
Ѿλ𣿡
֣©ƫҹ꣬©ͷ硣
֣ʹֱڽǰޣһ߿ޣһǰ޵˶Ҫʹȥˡ
ϵҲݣ곤ȥоȻûйӼλҲѹòСڶ˴
С֣ĽԺ󡪡Ѿ̫󣬼Ĺмݣʮǫѷֻ֣ʣĸӣĺܡŮ׷룬һֱ˵Ůܺãȸмָжýһǳΰ󡢷ǳݵĴ
ԣȷıʾһ죬֣³ΪĶڵһ죬ҲԽΪ
׸
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ô³ͼ޹
ȻٴΪ˱ʾ⣬˵³֣ʮǵİգΪȻԼڵ񣬻Ҫ˰֣ĳ衣ڹڶ¶ʮǾ͸³ˡ
ΪûҲˡ
ԣʮǵķϣ֧ܲԮһʳ֣С֣ң̨Ŷӣÿա
Թ֣֣ƣܣϣ³ֹģֻԹ˱֣İˣȻԹһֱ˱֣أ۾һֱղϣĿ
˿̾˵İŶˣһ£֣ôģ֣ʹʶ˿
˿һ㴫ԣ˵ġ϶Ϊûд֣ôġǲܴһ֣͹°
ֺȥһ˿ڣ֣֮ǣ˾鷢ɼ֣ж಻ġ
֣˾ǵġ
žͿǷ飬һ߿һ߶Թ˵ȥҴɡ
Цͣɷˡ
ԡͷһ֪ǸˡҲȷʵʮֳɫȥһ˾Ͱ֣ܸˡ
֪Ҳò˼Ρ
Ҫúĥ
롣
صֳǾ˵ʹȥ̨١ս

ˣ
ǣȻ˼磬պôĵͽҲˣ˴µĳݡ̴ӣйۡͷڡ塢
һ£ŴµıŴµ̴ӣڴɳĻĻ£Ļصֳǡ
ϵ󣬽࣬һŭϲ
ĿбӣɵӸʲô˵ģ
ݹȥлϯ塢Я֮飬ȥݹ
һЦˣϸüĿתķ绪ĵۡ
Ҷ࿴Ѹٰͷֱ
ʣʶ𣿡
˴򣬹ãһйΧһ̨ǰϾլϻͶ෽һ£֪ԼҺˣԼͱ֣ȫɱˡ
ǵԼұѪ
ռԼҵľլպһӺˡ
˳ĲԼۡҸ㳲֮Ǯﶼ͵ֳǣլ´һӭ
ֵ֣ܶȻ˵Ļ
ҹĬΣ̾˿˵磬ż˵ֳɡߴķסպҡ
ҡͷҪ˵ҡϲָж̾պͷİɣһڽǺúõסϼңʲôҪһ쵽ҪǮҪҪˣڡ
ĬΣ˵ұǡȻ֮
һӵ˲ðһ亹
תͷ˵ҪȥԪˡ磬ǵÿԪȫֻʣһƫ֧ס̨ȥݶ裬Ҳպϼ
ˣȷŭֿ־壺ҪԽ֣˿Ԫ˫ӣзǡˮǡͨޡԬޡ֡ɳǻ

ŮˣʲôʱԼζࣿͲơ
ԼȻժǹϵ˲ǡ
һҪ־õΪʲôã
ǰҪɳǣҪ³λõˣȻҪ³Ҫ̨
ԣ³ʧȥˡ
Ҳˣ·һ
ǹ׼Ĺ֡ϣҪһֻңϣǻңǻһȥ
磬Ҹˡ˻ȥ۾˵լȥңպǰϡ
ԭأտڣڲָ¹ббǰӨӨ⡣


476 ʹ治ʶ
ǰͥС
ĶӻС, д˵һԺ¡
ȻɵǹܼҵĻû˿
Ļһû˯, ˵Ѿ˳, ǰݼѾ·ˣйҡҡϯҵȶ˵պϾصŰݷã
, ̫СˡԺĶӲܽʶֳǵ, ҵպиõǰ̣
ο纣ǵвȥġǰз, ˫ӡԪҲ䵽ز
ٻһõ·ߣβޣ
һ, ˵һĻڸòӳ, д, , Ľ˲衣
ú˫ְѵһ˸, 衣
ӹСʱʱıһЦؽţ˵еҽվдţϴȥü˶⽨ǡͻϰɡ
æˣȻҪסݵġסԱ߾С
ҡͷУﲻȽǣдӦö
ҲǼ̽·ȷؼҵġΪպȥˣҲᵹǵһҳ£ת۾Ҫ
˵˵Ҫݲͬʧӣ־˻ȴ̷²豭˺°ݣܷ
һᵽĵġԸԼڽţȨ
լǴ͸ģ˶ס
̾ȥֵһݵС
Ŀ縧ȰĴϻۣĴϻۡôĺӣʡԼһֱôҲߴϽ
ô˵ǴҪº𣿡ʡ
һ˫۾ûôĹɣͷҡͷзգõ
ֲл٣ҽǸϽ
ҡͷҪ͸ĸǵֳɣҲá
˵һ㡣ҲҪη򼵶֡
ûپܾ
ӻؼҽӼֳǡһٶδ˵ע⡣Ը˵ܳΪգѾĪĹˡο͵ԼҾլ۷׷ס
֣ʹҲݷãϼ³ƱҪȥ֣ģȥͲٸ֣κǣ
ȵҵһ뻤ϵֳǣȥԪʱѾ˵ʹ˭ˡ
ǸմԹӳĶǿ
Ϊ̫ʦһֱʹǾɰգȻδڴ˵ʲôҲǸⲻͬġ
ڵϵλ򣬶ǿΪףϯǽٴβϯʿˡΪĩϯ
ǲԶĩϯġ
¶ģԪȥ
ժ¥ڸҪ֣ٺô
ʣʳͶٹȥ
ҡͷ֣ȱ֣ûǰ֣ڣҾҲ¶֣ѾˣӦþ͸ҷˡ
ͰˡʳһΪ³ܳƵðǳԱڶֳֻǡ̳ǡֺϡǡǡطѣǶڹϽ£ɹǣߣ⼸ʵｻģζģΣǮģǮ֮󣬸ص۶ܵõƣΡΪ̿УЩط˵ʳûطȥ
ǹµһֹƾִա쵽ִյĶ빫ཻ꣬ΪҳϿŵˡ˴ˣڹ޶ڣԿгƶ򡣻֮˵طǮҪǮˣˣԱץˡ
֮ǰϯʿ˲ĸƷļƼ۱׼⼸УҲ˹þݴ˹淶гġ
Ƽ򵥵ļ⼸еԴֹͨһ¡ʳˣڹ֮С
ܿ췢ֹ˾һĺôܼΪ׼ȷĹһеж٣
Ҷūϰߣһһ˽ûбЩ׳жҲһ
йļʩȥԼ˶׳Ͳðˡ
ȱҴľֳǡ
ȴŹйиӲǿʼˣˡ֣ζŹľٶпܡ޳ɵġ
жԹȴڳ޽кãһЩԵҲ͵ˣˣʳļ۸ǲǶ̫ˣʲôҪأ³ҵ˻٣ֲ֣
ǰϧ
Ա֣İԼȴԲ³ΪдԺ
ʢľͿȥˡ
䲻òϵȥһˡ
ͭǣʵϰǳǮҲڰ
׵һѾˣϾҪˡ
׵ĵطȻ̳ǡ
˵̳ǣȻĿҲܻı֧ܿӡ
ǲ˭˭ģֻûкôռ
Ҳ̳ǣڳľӪеš
ǰȥ׵ĸԬϲ֮ǰ֣׷˻ģҪɱˣͻ١˶ǷǾɽ˶Խûʲôģֻǳ
ǰν׶ȥģһΪһΣΪһԬϲ֮⣬һβں
ˣһ֧졢ԬϲЩҪˡ
һ֧˷֧ˣץ
ϵҪ£Ҳȡ
졢ԬϲǰǱ
ʣ˭
졢Ԭϲָ֤һӦĳǣĳˡû˵ָ꣬˵ˡ
鵶ȥһͷ͹ڵˡ
˵ļȫɴ˫ĿΪԼᱻŻȥϾȻɱˡ
϶ѪۣϻһۣƤⷭţָҲǡҪҲҪ类ˡ
ңʡ
ǰһղһֱſڵϱָˣΪæ󽫾ԸӴ󽫾ԸĻҲû˵꣬һ֣ԴҲˡ
ʣ¾ͶǸ˵ˡ
Щ޲ɪɪ㲻ǰɱвˣôɱأ˶ɱˣǻܻ
Щ˵ĵӱˣͷ˵ȥʻ˵Ķˡ
⼸˱ȥ֪޲ԣ޲
ԭ˽ʨӴ󿪿ˡҪǮҪҪͭҪҪţڣҲҪн׳ūҲҪŮУСҲУֻҪ
Ҫٶ࣬ȷʵǸ˵ġ
վãȻҶȱǮҲҪԼȴҪ
û
˵٣ٵԺԡ
ܿЦȴġнľ쾫ɵߣǺֵܲǮûʲôҪū
֮⣬ڻ˼ôþ⼸ӣűʯ
һǧѵìǹ
ûô
ûô¯
³С
ֹУֳгϾһֵӡ
Ľ
Ż³˴̳еȴܾˡǺǣǻֻܴ᷷³Ұ³ͭȥԴҪˡ
ڴ͸ˡгӣǰСɽٶûȥгһ쿪õ¯ӣ˶ٱߣȫܿ
ãһһ˵Լãһ˿һһѵһŹû´ʮѶʮѵģٸҪˣû´ǧѵģҪˡ
ͷĿй涨ġ
ǱŴҲɱ֪˵ʱôҶšˣԺҲöˣԴҪˡ
˲ӣǲ˽䡣
ˣʹҪٸߣҲֻˡۼˣһѣûˡ
ǰҲҽ⣿ǶԺˡοҪǲԸ⣬Ǿ͵³ǰȥ
ǳ׼˽ưͿš
ֻûϵһͻȻܶ࣬ͱ˶ˡ
Խ׵ٽ䣬һ֧
Ϻ󣬰˶ˣջһúº󣬻תֳǡ
ǰ̳Īʣô죿
䣺ֳҡҾͿ
ĪЦҡͷ
ʼĪԣлҪ
ʼڹٰݴ
ĪѣЩһʼȴߵ˶ûĸ߶ȡ
ҡͷ̾Ϣɫĳʶˡ˵գתȥˡ


477 
ʮ, ̨ϵѾлòˣֻ¾޴ĺҶ
ҶҶǺܺóԵģ˲ժҶϴɺסʼ廨⡢ȵ죬ȡгɿ, պ֭, ζ
ժ¥һƷҶҶ廨⡢ҶȵĻнȺͷࡢˡ
Ȼһ£ֹЩӡԵû, ֻ㡣
̫Ҹ˵ͺ˵, Ϊ˽ЩԶһ, ϲԼ󣬾ȥһ̡
ͷТѾˣֻһµɥ
ЩڷĹǰ«Т˻š
ҪлڵɥҵˡТض, ءҶһⲻֹǰպҵĲÿҶԼĹء
ҵĹھǷ˵ˡ˵һ, ǾֻҪ®ǰһ¡Ҳû˽ؼ, ͵Ҫĸ̵׵, Сٵְܵء
Т, ҡʱһζǿڷĹǰסģˡ
ǣȰĶ˱ˡ
ǵڶεժ¥ûĸףĸױúöˡ
ϵЦݶˣɫҲˣ̬Ҳøˡ
ĸ׳ŹЮļȣЩ˼
۾еȣæͷȾơ
ĸǰڼԲϡܸТ˳ĸ׾ͺˡ
һߵķȫûˣװһ֫ǵһο¶ֻǵָġȻָᶯǳǳ档
ϰÿӣָȤ˲ͺˣͦõģֲУֻ¶ָ⣬ȷʵ
ļֻ֣ĵطڡ˼ָؽڡ
࿴Ķнž͹ˣ͵ҵĺȥֵܵʱ򣬷ְ״֧֡
סںδ·֣ƽʡ
൱Ȼ˵ɫԣ˵Ϊɢ⣬Ҳ֪ںδ
ͽҲ
ȿ۽˵࣬߹
ҧز¶
̾˿͵֪֧ﲻ𣿡
ජһ۷֣ĬĬͷŹ֣ͲڸĸѡǶˣཻҲƽϼŵڡ
ǰգථ֪Լǡ£ûпʵѣƽ˳¼棬żֻŽ̸ѾƵֿˡ
ԣҲ⡣
ֱ֪˵ˣʬףƤǣֻǶϰҪȷûɱˡ
ֵǮҽʣҲǸӵܡǮūһнʻ˵ȤҲġ
ʱˣʱëֱԼַһĺ磬ŵֻẰˡ
۵ܵܣȥļ֫ŷ󣬷ȥۣǰֺֻֻģôйôһ˵ͱأֲ˶˵ǹˡ
һҲˣܽӰū˻ղˣɱ˵ĶУңҲһҪġΪվãʢüĿһԷ˵˵
ͳŲסˣѼ֫ķڵϣ˺ȥ֪ǻˣҪʣȥ
뻨ߵʶһȤ¡
Сʱа࣬Ҳƶ磬ҲаߣҲǶ硣
ĳգϽ֣һʱȺвһ߽šࡱ硱һһҲںࡱ硱
൱ʱ꣬ѭǰˡܵǰ߶ˡ
Ǳߵ˼һСӣͷйڣ壬Ҵ󣬾Ͱŵϣס׼ͻطȥ
һߣ벮Ż߹ˡ
һʣЦˡ
뻨߾ʹʶˡ
˵ʱСӣߴ꣬Ҫ˵ҲܡΪҲûˡ
߰ܳ棬ÿ춼Ҫ಻ܳźֹһ룬ҵˡ
ٴμ棬ΪԼܳǳΣȴȰ˵ǵѴ㳤ͺˡ㲻ܳң㡣
Ȼô˵ҲֻΡ
꣬߱ϳˡǸϰ˷֡
߱ϳȻͱˡٴʱ໹͵˼һף߳ԡ
˵ָһЩǮڳҰ˸ӣ¼ˡ
߾ס˳ȥټ͸ˡ
ǻȥʳʱ˵˷Ѷȥҿģһֻ֣˵Ҫһֻ
ھͿάľΩΩФ
ǰֻ֪ߵòڼ壬׽ھˣԽܡŻѷӸ˼ĵط
ûпܻẦˡ
ΪҲұ֤ûС֪ľǣ߶ĺԣȣ
뻨ԽԽ־塭־ԼܻẦѡ
ҺͰ
˻ҵš
ժ¥ڹֻ֣ƣڸңڹؽڲഩһ˿ߣȻ󲦶˿ߣָ
ѵÿôµĶ̲ס
ɱˣֻ̣֮ǰйȥΪЩǵޣһԽǿѧҲеް
ر硣
˲еϧ
ʱǧ꣬ǧоЩרĴѧǿġ
ȷѻߴ˶һ׳ʱȴһȺ˶ڿֻ֡
ֹһڰҶȥˡһֹżֲңһ߻һҡͷߵһеˣϸһ㣬ã塣
ࣺ
ߣ
תͷǣ˵ɡǻߣ
Ͳ󣬺ͽͬɡ
ԡģΪǱȴǰƷһȺӲѣȻþôˣҲ޺
̲סֻϵңһĿӶ챻ȥˡ
۲켸ۺ̾ȻǸӡҺòǷӡ
ҲϧǷӡ
Ƿӣɱ͸ϧˡ
Ǹ˵
ֹͰѼ֫ߡ
СĽӹ˿ңָ˶̾ͬʱָ
һʹ󾢣˿ҾͶˡ
ȴʧ˼ñǲأ
䲻ɱ𣿡
һ̧ͷ¼֮֫飬ĳֻСΪɱ飬Һ
һɣҲ¶ЦԵÿɰˣʵԵһǡ
˵ܶһʿ
һϲߵȴˡˣĻ˼Ѿȥļˣ
һͲ˵ˣҲˣ۾һգͷһ඼ˡ
ΧȰǵǸղ˵ܻẦʱ߶û˵ȥļˣˡ
¹һתͷȻ˿Ϊ⣬˼ֻء
ҲˣѼ֫װ˻ȥԼֻ֣԰ֲڻ͵͵ȥңȻֵָˣʱͺԼڶһ
˵ȥнȿ㿴ҵֻᶯˣ
ȸ˵ֱᣬҲ۷죬תͷȥ࿴磬㿴ҵֻᶯˣᶯˣ
ܵˣ֣ǰݣؿڹĳһӶֻǰе֣һеֶһһҲЦŵͷ˵ǣǻᶯˣ
ĹĵģԼнȥˡƣһʣµȫԼһĹš
߿Ҳͬ飬ԼԹҲԣ
һ۵еĹϡ⻹ҵһμ͹ءһ£ԥԥĶԷ˵ҹ۹ͬ
һ㶼񰡡


478 ˣ޴
ǰͺܺ, Ϊʲôˡݡ㣬ͬһ壬ͬһĶأ
ԹļԹļ³ļҲвͬĵطԹĹë޸, צҲ, 乴
Թļ³ļĸһһСͻߵ˼, Сͻ̶Ȳ³ļ, ҲԹļ
˾͸Ȥˡ
Ϊ˵ŮģΪŮϸ壻, ֣ŮˣΪ֣Բ󣬱ԲС, ŮԵøº
³ַ³رߵ, , ŮüǸ, Ǵ󣬴⡣
³Уն, ףٶ޳ƽ̬
ԽΪѣУ߼˵֣ʱ涼Ϊϵ϶ϸüĿ¶飬ʱϣݣɼϷɡ
ȴƱˣûа㽪ϵĹݡ
ڹβü繳̴ֱڣԣĿԶʤ³ˡ
˶Ѫ
ߴӽ֣Źֿ̲סԷ
仰һţƶʱˣС˵ס죡
߷Ŀ˵ġ
֪мֳվ³жٸԴժģ£˵
߻ȻҲټҲȱ۷磬ϥ¿顣е̹ȻеȴηҼˡǱнһ¡һأһգһڣĺӶԼҵ֣ڵһҲ̫⡣
ô˵Ҳʵǿûֵܣһλ岮Ҳǰûˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ£ԷС˵ô˵һ£ף
㿴ûӣҲûУǰĵҲǶӣɼϢᰡ
ѹһС
ëֱҽԱߵ˿뵽˴Ȼ˵û꣬ڲݺšһ£죡Զ
ߵһЩعٿǰʳʱˮֱ
ȻеطסҲ˷̣ɼǮû٣һֱܽʡȻҲ˼ֻݼµģżһֻҲֻˣýм˶ܳһ⣬ļ⡢ȣӶҪɳˡ
һԾдˣǰȥ򽪵ͽʺãʳ㣬³֮ҡ
ͿѾϰˣҡͷԣ΢Ц˵껹һ÷ԡ
СʱҲǶģҲ⺢ƫ·ƫôˡ
ڵ˵Ľܳ˵ֻǰѻ߸ϳȥֱɱ֤ҸĸǴȸĸˡ
ϣǰȥѲ黨ҵ˲Ż˵ûѲ꣬Ȼŵ˼˵뽫ɱˣ
Ա߿ţܿ˻Ƶĵƹ£սҲɱ˵Сŵɫˣ۾ɵܾèͫʶԲˡ
俴һ棬װ˽
ʧЦ֪Ҫߣ˵дãھȻСŮˡ
ζ
һţĹǣ侲ˡ
ֺȾƺ˵˳
ߵķӲ̫ңҰ֮УһլԺ
ӲСǰͥԺܴ󣬿տյĴԺǰɢżǵĺܼ򵥵ӣƺֻۣһҪסˡ
Ҳǽժǹȥ̨ҰҲܹԺ÷ӼҲסǵһοҵԺӣյķӡ
ְ
̺˲࣬ҲֿǽԹԵĹһɪɪ
˿ǵлָǿǱߣǱߡ
ҺġڵĿӡ׳޵ӡ
Щ˾ģȰЩ˶ٸݶһ飬ȥЩָ֤ĵطﵹǺܼ򵥣Ҳȫʳб죬鷿ȫţȦţǼ
͸ԵǼӿˡ
˽ȥ󣬵һ۲ΡŴӣϰһľӣǰһС򳤻̣е״ģȫбڳһ
߹ȥһ¡
࣬Сȸ㣬༦צӡ
ֱʱǲſʼëȻ
ɱ˼ֻ¼צӵ裿ʲôãʲôë
Ȼǿ˸ġ衱ڳ״һϰڵǸţǾ޴ͷϻŽǡ
ȻҲɱҰţԣռţĹͷǰڳţ״ʵڽǽܲˡ
ֻǵһӡ
ڵڶǼ˵ġ衱
ȻͶӳˡ
ȻǾͰЩ˸ȥڿˣǰڵĿӣڳ
Ǿڳ¹ڣ
Щ˵ǰڼ¹ڣ͵ȥˡ
˵滹У˾Ҫţܻˡ
һҪɱˣ
ὲ˷ǮûҲǮ졣
˵󣬽ҡͷ˵С˲ɱԺ֪ġڳȥɡ
Ժ󣬾Ȼͽˣѽԭˣٰ̹ɣǾˣţ˵̹Ҳôء
һͲء
ߺ󣬽ʽҪôʿҲܵġ
ҲˣҪϴ׺ܼ򵥣ô˲ҪȥЧȴѡһûɱˣ˲ʿðһȺģɱˣǾͲˡ
ĺá
ҽѧĽһ仰¡ִܹҽѧ֪жΰ󣬵С¼ʮҽԺҲ︴ƳִҽѧһС֡
ֻܼϣԼῪϣ;Щϵˣǵǻ۵ȥ
ϺƶҽȷˡЩֻ֢ҩǲκõģۣˡ
ΪڵĴûһ֪һжٸͷǶʲôλãж󣬶ʲôáҲ֪˵ʲôʲôá
ҪҪ֪ʲôʲôӡ
ڵĴ˻ϹɡĴʵѧġǲǿϴҽѧһУҲһƣĳЩһ󣬸˳ˣ˻صķӦ֮ûҽˣǵȥˡ
Ҳ뵱β˲ŸЩµġֻǺ棬ܾƺʯͷΪʲôһģǲҲһأڿԺڵòһأӲĵʲôĵʲôɽʲôȵȡ
ռʯͷ
Ҳ棬ĻǲǶƤŹأʲôͬأʲô֧ţʲôãȵȡ
ʼС
սϺܶ඼ǵˣһ˹ˣ֪Ҫôܰѹͷá˵ϵϱۻ±ۣ֫֫˵ǲǲҪҪôΣ
еˣһ㶼ǰ˿ڳһ壬ҩòһȻιҩҩҲһģֹѪҩȥֻ֢֢ܶһ꣬ӲĻӲֻȥ
Ȼ֪ãһʼ
ߡ
롣ôϴףٰȫЧѧϰ
Ȼٻؼˡ
ȻԸ⣬һϣԼ˵˲㡣
÷ȥȰһ񣬾ǲȥԼԭһǼܣ˵ѾˣԼľͷһѰɣ
Ժ󣬻ߵġûôȤˡ
ൣѣۿľͷ˹Ҳëֱ
ûзʱ򣬵ܱܵˡ͵ˡ
˿Եףã޸顣ҲͼˣСûʶʲôѣഺŮˡ
Ůȿһֻ֣־ڵֿȤ˵Ļ⡣
ҲûüԱʹССķҰᵽ̨Ժյĸĸ׵÷ˣ統˹٣Է鲢Լ䲻϶μŮ
ȢŮ
ࣺ
̫ͻȻˣеܲˡ


479 
Ⱥܸ, ֪Ѿ̸Сý֮һǽ
ŮҳǶ˿
μʵ̫Խ˵˿ƲۣÿһȵġǰͷѾ¼ˣӽ, ꪳɳ, ıڵ棬˵ˡ
μҴðͷͷ, ʼͶһһûߴ۹ʵ˲
ϧ, һŷǡɲҲ, ԲΣ˿պҲڽߵҪְ, ȻˣָΪֱɡǲܵġ
ֻ˳λ˳, ǧ, ȴһƽ˿Ϻû, ܸһ
ĶμȴͷҵĿһˡһǸû׳־ֻСԸ֮, ͻӦˡ
ΪΪ࣬⺢ӱÿ춼£֪붼Ѱաöˣͻ׿ˡ
ȥ㽪ôϲ¡
ͷΣʳ»˵ΪսֳҡȻշ룬Ѿûˣ˵ӵܣ˵ǽϹ֮ӡ
һرȨʣ
н³˶֪ĹڣȻ޹ˣһϹͷκȻȻͱ˵ɺͽһƢԸ񣬻аá
ԣժǹɽȵۡ͸֮ժǹÿ춼յȵǮͱεģ̺ˡ
ഺ䡣
̣ȴΪժǹǽǰסֻһȺഺԽ˵
֪Žȣ˰Щ궼͵ѧȥѧȥˣպ̳ȥ
ûˣܳҽ󰮵ġ
ΪطֻȻ˼мλĴЩ˼
ʱ˼ϲ
ϲѧԤԼһصϯÿѮҪȥϯ֣λʿѧϰοֳˣҪȥοպҲҪѧϰ֮һ
˰ʾ߶̷̽࣬˼ѣ˵ҲܻӰ졣
໹˲̸ܵæýŲմأпˣûھͿһ˫۾⣬ʾʡ֮˵²ˣתڹǷӦΣûΪ֮
ûΪ֮ʵϣûô
ĸãҲã󽫾Ҳʱˣ繨һҲɫ
ĸײΨΨŵŵͣŻ߾ϣԺ͹ͬʳˡ
һԸǽĸţֻܱ£˺ȡ
ԸȻɵģҲˡ
ңĸж˿飬Ҳرˡ
Сɸҹ糿ܳմһ飬ɡϰ֣ˡ
д֣ڸʱҲҪСĲܱ벮֣Ȼͻᱻ벮ѵΪŸ硣
ǺúõѧϰġгһգԼ鰸ܹǰϸٺòˡ
ڣôô鷿ǧ顣ľľ빣ֽֽ빡дֶԡ
û֣Ҳ԰
ֽñīдء
һ֮У˿Ϥ
˺ȤΪȴɢĺܣֺһʱܻ⹬е£˳˭
˵Ϊܼڴնð桰ȡʱΡ
ڵӣҲͬ˿
˿׵áرãΪƭͷļãþû취ˡ
Ȼò⣬˵˸ãҪ
Ļ󣬸ѾκüˣһؼңĸҲʱðѻ˵̫
μҵܵܺõȤ£֮
˿ȥ档
ż˶ݡ
˼˺ü죬СԽԽݡˣͣڻǰϸϸĽ͸
ܽǣ˿ĿǰûӼμһټʾãҲ˵μҪҵĵط˵øһ㣬Ƿಢμҡ
˿Ǵ購㣬ǽϺˡܵһѪսġ˴μȥܵȴһԣص̫ࡣ
ֱ̫ⷬˣз඼ܲϣеĴʯˡ
ļ̫ˣһֱǳŲ졣ڹʵسţΪ
һɨͶμҵ¾ͺܿ춨ˡȻʽ׻Ҫ꣬պöݵͻе̫СҲʮߡ
֪޲˿̫죡̫ƻ治μ˰
ǻǸϰǸƲֻĶμҡ
θ֪ЦҶμ˼ˣҲǺֵöμͶЧ
ڵˡ
һ죬гϾ۽Ǻ͸ġ
ռвǮûǮСϽֵʱ򣬶ⲻ˸ԼҺһǣ͡
ժ¥ҲµǣǴ֣ķ׽ģǡ
˵ʳġ
³ǣ³ǶǴǾǴģԹǣӦÿԹһũƷ
Ǿѿǡ
ѿճζǲ̫һ
֣ϲȳһ飬Ҳúóԣס죬ԵϧСġ
Լôû֣زǰֻ֣ˡ
歲˵Ҫˣʼ
ʼģн̳ǵ¶ʼ˵˵
ʼӦڶࡣ
˵ЦЧܺá˶Цˡ
Ȼǽġȴժ¥Ѵľ˼˸˶Ƕϡ
ǰΡҲ飬ԸԸ׸ΡؼҸ󣬾ȻĴӦˣǰ̺ͺӶ˹ȥԴױķ
歾ͽãΡּ֮£ΡĺҲȥ
Ӹշ
һ¿ɼ˷˵Ĳ
ǶΡ˵Һ˷ңôϳѪΪӣ
ΡߣӾϣ
ҵһ߸Ρһ뷽跨з歸ı⣬ܽУֶܷ正ϣΪӣò正ϣ
Ρˣɴӷݵλһģܶ¾ͱˡ
ǰѷ歹ڼһŮ̺˵ʲôЩʲô
ԾԷ歹ػ΢һֱΪԺ
ڣɷȥԼ正ܹס˼Ҳȥˡ
һӸоţֶβʩչ
ܱԹ歳˷Ů峤֮̾Ͷѣֳ֮Ůŷֳ֣У֪ʱһ
ȫŮӣȫڼҡȻȻľۼһ𣬻Ϊ
ǽ˷֮󣬷歵ʹˣ͸Լˡ
ЩŮӻʱԦ֮
ٵҲãɷҲãµҲãͳͳıߡ
˺ð죬Щȫ֣س󣬶³һ֪ﶼֻ֪ҪѴŹЩ˾޿ܶԷʲôӰ졣
ڷҪǽ֮ԹϣҲ취
һ취˹ţʳˮʲôʱˣʲôʱ
ڶ취£Т˳֮ڼϢ˷ųȥ輸˼֮ʣµľͻԹˡ
歾õڶֺãǾͰ֣ӺЩӵܡ
ǰɷ򣬸Ǽ򵥡ǽ̷正ɷˣҲһˣ㲻棬ƽʱ֮ʱҲ̫˼Ů֮֮ҪΡΣУҪʱ̸еԼпܱϳţͲٷˡ
Ρֻôһ£;ö꣡ڳţǲЩŮӵϯϽʶλſЩ˼޼ҳ𣬻òᣬܴһ졣һˣǺã
ڿɻزˣ
ԣһգ死صУƿҵžͿΡݵС
歳һǸʲôΡʹҸˣ
歳Ĭ
Ρ˿ڣ˵ȥˡ
ûжԷʵϣҴˣڷſڵˣˡɱ˷һ£ȴϣڶԷ歵ġ顱ܽǼҳ
ǣǷ˷һûɱҲụ̂ҵӵȢ䰮
ΡǰһֱΪֻҪĵȥԴ正һЩޡܡҪ˰׷ԲԵʱʱѶã˴µҲš
ټų޻ʲôأ
ôˡ
֪ô£һѾԽԽİ
磬Ƿ歡
ȥõܹҸһ첻̫ˣ
²ɱ歡⼸ϰߣ
Ρ֪
ֻܹҡ


480 
歸Ρ, ֻҪߣߣҲûȥˡ
Ұһúġ˵
ΡһֱûкӣҲϲ, Ρ̫ǿ, ˳ͷߵʲôҲ֮󣬷歿ǾΣӼŮѡһ, ΡΪ̡˺Ӿͱ
Ρ֪Ƿģʱ, Ǹһҹչˣҡ
Ǹ, 歺ͽһʱһĸӣһʱȴôһķޡ
Ρ֪ͷ歲к, Ҳһ͸正ԽΨһϵͷ正ϵһĶ
ڿ׽歵ġ
Ѿϵ, ϲ, ԶʤΡĸ, ҲС̵˷歵ͬ鷶正ЩΪΡе߳, һ֪Һͷҵľʱ嵽߿Ϊѹ
Ϊû˿Ը檣ˣԷ歷ĻӵܣúТ˳
ժ¥
Ȼ£ǵڶμµȥ
ڹǰͷеֽ빵ϡ
Ƿ֣ص͵̡
һ֧ľ£졣ȻԼǵ÷ϣǵԼӵܣճҲôףʵһӴϵ£ʮֶӣֻǰ档
歼ηֻ̾Ͱһ֧ˡһ֧ͶǸ峤ԼĶŮڼУŮԶ֧ߣʮˣȻֳ
׾ٵľʹЩе¶ͳˡ
ӡƾֻҪȥȥ֣ȡˡ
ƾԸӡȡЩطĲ
ڳбĲﶼǸֳˣֻ֣дߵū
歰Щ
˿˳ʷ歽ʲô㡣
ūūҪĪеǮȼڲ֮
ˣ֣
û죬ΡͱҵšǸͣ޵ҵȴȥţǮŰΡг˶㵽˴С˿ߵ˸ﷷָ֣ϣѾץˣ
Ρǰһڡֳǿûʲôɽӱúܡ
æץˣأأأ
С͵ͷץˣ̫̫ŮǵǶûץ̫̫ڼѾˣ̫̫Ҹ硣磬Ȱ
ϸܹŵеλߵģȻǹߵ£歡
ΡȻ֪歿ϲϾңʱҲֻܸϽӦ
ȥ¡мЩǮȥеǳ˿ࡣ
Сͷ
ΡҪ֮ǰһ£ǮΣ
СͣǮңǼû°ߺߵģߣסôǼҳô£Ǽһֱţϳô˵û
СòᣬΡȴ˿ֲСȻǮû£ǾͲǷˡ
ֻҪأǻԸԮֵġ
ˣнҲһϲ뻶Ǽһ棬ҲץˣӦûģ
歲ڼңȥؼˡ
ؼҺӢǺؼҴӵİŮֻ밮޵ôһŮģ䱦
ǰؼǧѡӺظӵѡһӣ׸ǺӢķ޶ɪгӢС
к󣬺ظŮҪ֮࣬˳ǰŻ£ظֿŮѣиĸΪ䵣ǣ첻ơ
ӢķС꣬ǺظĵӣСӢʶ˼ƽܣǷޡӢУۿҹĥȴֵֺ֪̾ŮӾ̫࣬ˣÿնβӢ⻳Լӿ֡
ӢѣŮǰ顣
ؼղ԰Ϸ֡
ΪŮӣұ䣬ʵڳ棬ֳŮֺͬ档ǰķ正ܻᱻŭڵѾ̹Ȼӭ˺Ŀ̽ʡ
̸ЦҲԺؼҵľº棬ֻڡ
ӢôԻżһ֮⣬Լ˸ӵ²û̫ĸо
ֻǼ˶ڹעá
歹ȥˮģ
歵лһѡ
Ӣ˵ôֻץһң
һ߳ѣһ˵ץңȹϼ죬ٰһһץȥٷҡǾͻΪǸҧȥġͻˡ
Ȼ󣬾Ϳ԰ץȥˡ
ӢƷƷʣɷ𣿡ôҶҸ
正һȫҵˣȥмô룿
Ӣҧѣ̵˵Ȼǡˡ
ʱһؼŮԳǷӣ¡
Ȼȥˡ
Ӣæ˵ˣҵҲ湫ֻǿ·֪¿Ըҵһ
正һ湫ġ
ߺ󣬼ΧʺӢϲҵ
ӢǴӦˡǲҵֵģҪҲҪд򶯹Ķ
·˵Ȼеġμ㲻㣿μҼĺЩԶ׽ѣΪơ
ЩеҪһɽˡ
ؼǴ壬ӢиĸֵܿμҼ磬ȸĸȥǷ޶Ҫζ
ԣ·һֱһ㹻ǿĿɽȥͶЧժǹ
θĸԸ·Ͷڹ¡Ϊ³£ܹŮͶЧģҲֻժǹˡ
ࡢμҵȣܴ·һȾ̸컹·һ̸ʫ飿
ʱŵֻ·ɷ򡣳ȥ
ԣֻժǹ
һֱעŷ歡
֣ҧңȻΪǮͣȴΪûнǮж̣ȫȥˣȻٴα˸ţȴǿռΪū
ҽǮˡ
Ȼ󣬽һСٽйϵ顣
û˭˼ңǹ˼Ѿϵˣ
Ǳ󣬲伮ҵ˹Сӵ·ܿ죬ѧ飬ºȥ˲Ӭ٣˻ʼӲӬмһÿѮһϵᣬȴûʸ˵ļ¡
£˼飬ڵϰѴҵۼҪļ¼
¹ǳ٣ǴӼٸѡġ
зݣΪǼЩСʵҲܽ
ʼʼֳѾµĹϵڰ³ʢ˼Ĺ׸һδ£Ŀǰû˷֡
ΪЩСûд˭棬ĶǼСС¡һֱҲмȥ¡
³еְϵ˼
еĹԱûкȷ̶ְ˾ְȨΧ
ŷֳĹٺ١˶ϵÿԼļӵȻΨסңҲûбҪ¡м£ʵۣ£ʵۡ
ʣµİҪģ˰հ밡ѡŮ빬ȵȣʵָĸȥɣǸ˾ȥɣ꣬ϵŴҵ㱨̻˿佱ȫ˵ԵͿࡣ
ʵ۲£Ǿûʲô
˵Ҫһµ£д󳼹ĳزϽ˰ĳشɽĳطˮˡĳضöˡĳسŮĳˡȵȡ
ʵͬѡȥǡȥǡȥǡȥ˺ȵȡ
ǲûд򹬵ֻ߳Ƶʾ˵̩񰲡
֡ұ۾ʲô̫ƽιʽЦһʼŬѡιͼúõĳһȫҹѳֵĹϵ
Ϊ˲Ҳһֱúܶȥڸǡ
ƶ̼񼮣ҪаնǼ
֣ۼա
ѧȻΪѧ̵Ķʵ̫򵥣ǿЦġֶѧȫֻҪһǧ³֣ѧͿԡҵ
ҲֹһγЦѧЦҲѹע档Ϊǰѧ˽Լٹ̡
ȴûпѾгʮˣʹȨеƶķɡ
ֳǵʮжѾӵУѾϰߵĶ
Ǿͻ֣ᷢԵһȻ
һ԰Ʒľˡ


481 Ծ
ΡѾûа취ˡ
ǮҲ͵ĵط, Ҳ֪˶ȥˡ˵ҪڿӵҪ࣬ҪܶȥͨޡȥԬޣűҿ
ڼĺӹҵ, ڴ롣
, ǮҡԼҡżңҲһжȥֻССŮ졣ҼС粻ʮ, ɻ̣ʮҪȥġ
˴ʱ˿, Ρû취˵Լһж޹ءʲôأ
Ѿüնûطˣûѽշ, Ƕһ١
ѾǼͽıڣҾա
ʣ¼ҶֹҪΡ, ҪΡƴΪΡȻȴûбץߣ
ΪΡ֪, ܶȥ, Ϊ歿Ź
ΡǶ, ΡֻԼ
ΡԼĸĸסöǡǼŶΡ
ΡڴſգŲŴ, ĸ׺ͽǲųȥ
ޣȥҵǣһԡ԰ģΡ˼죬Ѿû취ˣһۡ
ĸߵĿͣһ£Ĭȿ쵽ĸˣĸײ˵㵽̫̫˵ҪСЩ
ΡͷһҪʲôѣܳܡ
ΡĸΡΪûбȥ
жһһûɵĶڣȳʮҪȥۡΡΪʲôӳȥΡΪΪѾ׸ˡ
ԭ
׸׸Ůӳ޺Ƿҵһ׸²գڹٸϣѾˣǷҵˡ
ԣǷǷŹɷĹ涨Ͳץ
ĸͷҲҲ
̫̫תͷԼСϱϱ˵Σ˵ȥý˰ɣ
ʣµĲʮкӶԸ׸汻˰ҲǼ񣬵ȵʮ󣬹ٸȻǣֱӱ뵱ĿӪ
ĸ׿ֻ֮ȫӦ
ڶ죬ý˾ˡҵҪ󲻵ͣŵԣŮó꣬бңŮӽҪ飬аټ䷿ݵĲſϴӦ
׸һҵ˶볢һµʱҵļССǺʱ򣬵ȶף޼ҽȥż飬ƷԸ񣬺úõ̼꣬źóס
ý˼ҼСӺ󣬱֤˵һСһ˼ҡ
ˡȴɷ׼ġ
ĸΡһҪúõ正ŹΡһŹ⼸Сӡ
㸸ǡһȥֻ¶ܻŻˡĸ˵ʱ£µģҲӦáĵܵܡֶǶ޹ģ֮ȥ˼ҵŮϾҲ˳𡣡
ΡһѵһµĽѪֱ
ڡ
֪Լʲô
Ӧĸͷ֤һ歷Źֶܵܺǡ
ȻҪȥҵ£˵ǮǵһȥǴһЩǮҵԺܽЩ
Ρûɹǰڷʱÿ궼һЩȥۣ޳ǽ·ʯһģԼҵūȻǲģǶǳǮȥͰֻҪԣǹٸġ
ҵ˵ҲãʯҲգû廤Ǻʱ˶ࡣ
ǳĻǺӺͱӱȣȻǲֵһġ
ΡԼȥˣʬ
֪ѾûжǮˣӷһǮֲ֪ʱٲŹãҵ˶һֻҪͨһ˾ͿˣǱֵ˲ͬĵطҪͨ˾͸ˡ
ԣмٴմǮ֧õ֪ٸѲʱûжŮ˽ͼױȻǾԼĶӺɷǶٳһ㣬Ҳ֮С
ȻԼó߰ʮ˵ǮǾòġ
ĸû̴ӦǽĸӻȥԼ˵
Ρĸװǣȥ̾˿˵㼸õܵϱļޡ
ȻҪɷˣǵȻܰ˽Ǯóˡ
Ρסˣŭ죬ŭôŵÿڣ
ΪŲڣΡĸ׷
ΡǰһƬڣŭʱ˿̣ô¼뿪ѵ˿𣿡ΡĸһȫİĿ⿴˵֮䣬϶ʮ꣬Ͳ˿ˡ
ΡãȻĿĸס
㸸Ѿʮ겻ҵķ￴ˡĮĿ⣬Ρ뵽һܵ¡
ĸסʡ
Ρĸ׵ͷƽ˵Ҫ㸸롣
ҡǮҡżҵȼʱ˼ңİˡ
Űߣ˵˼еˣûб˵ģҲȫ˳
Ȱᵽ¼ңλڵʿӴͷһðСʱ˼¶
Լ׵ֵϱӵȣˡ
ؾߵû֪Ķȥˡ
ֳΧ´̫࣬ô˼£±Ҹϣһûţֻˡ
ż˰ֳǣͨм䣬ûŴ󻧣һССԺ䣬һǿ
ĸ˼ҷֿˣ˿
е㵣ģǵĹ˼ңǵĹ˼ǰѹ˼Ҹ˰
ο˵û£˼ҹ˲οˣ˼ָҶʲôأ
ڹ˼һͷֻ͹˸ˣ˸ҽˣʬȴѾϵˣȻֻһͨ£ع˼ӳǹĹ͡
ȻûڼǣͶ֪
˼ڻΪԹͷծŷŹ˼ҵء֪ʲôһСŮӣôңֲ˶ſȥˣѵվһŵŷ歰ñ
ϷңѵղһһʮĶ˷歡
ôûй˼ң
˵ʱ˼˵һͶֳǣڼҲ˵ʱѾ빫ԼҪĲǹ˼һңǣһһҪôߣµֻȥ岻ٱһ˵˶ߡ
˭뵽һȰѷҸɱأǶ̫ˡ
һΪǮһΪࡣڷǶдԣǷ˹ᣬܣӣܷ಻š
ʱҹ˼Ҳӣһɱľǹ˼ҡֱ˵ǣҸ֮󣬾Ĭ˴¡
ԣ˼Ҳ޹
һ£ǽͣ˵ʱȹġҲˡ
һ̸󣬷歴ӦŹ˼ңҪǹִܲ¡ǣżС뿪
ڼ歺󣬻صȶд񣬳ҾأȻʼϸԼĹ޵Ǹ
޲⣬ɣж˵㷸ʲôҶ㡣Ȼֵĵ͵ļҵŮӣǲǱ˵ӣǱˣ
ҡͷסӣ̾պԳΰ㣬ܳɾһޣ͵Ե֡
зŮˣҪӸӺá
ҪԼгһҲɷ歡
ٴҵϢǷҹ˰ᦡ
ΡԾˡ
Ǯϵ˱ӣűѰҼˡȴֻʰһ߾ʬף׵ʬױˮˣҶҲˡ
µʱűһأֻҵʮһӵܵʬ׶ѡ
ǧ࣬ؽ𣬴ʬ׻ؼңýܹΪ
ȴ˵ҡǮҡż⼸ҵŮаˣаա
Ǯ̫̫뿴һĻҩԾ
ΡĸȻңȴɥΡĸײҪߣԸȥֻϣҪټޡ
ΡĸָΡ׵ЩŮˣָΣΡ˵Ը游ţȻҲԸټޣȻҪȥ
ΡĸЦԭֹ㸸ҲǣУҲǡ
ΡˣĸҸңҸһͬģȻǲͬ
Ρĸױ㲻ټ
ΡĸѾϵˣϳطȥˡ
Ρͳȥʮء
Ѿ˴š
ǵߵǰǰãڶ糿˴򿪴ʱڽǰѾϢȫޡ
һУڣֱġ


482 ȡ
˽, һҲǿˡʱҲ̵һ½궼ʲô£ʲôûҪȥɡ
Խ˵õ¾οǱߵ֣״ա
ǨȥҲӦãĿǰûз췴Ĵɧ, ҲڿɿطΧڡ
, Ѿڵ嶨ˣο·ݻʱȥʾ࣬ҪҪһ
һ˵, ڼңһǧΪС, ʮΪСǣʮҾһдͳˡ
Ŀǰ֣׵ڻȴȶ, Ϊ֣ǱߵǱ߰ᣬһľܻﵽʮ
ֻǾ񣬼פ, ܴﵽʮ򵽶ʮ
Ҳ˵ǱҪˡ
ҲҪĻѿɲС, Ǹط˳, ֣, ֳǺͷǶеԶˡ
ʣˮжԶ
ࣺʮﵽһٶʮҡ
ˮȻƹţҶڣǵʱúܼʱ, û˸
һҪǣˮͱȫԼˡ
˵ǵֳɡû̫þ
룬ʵǰңᵽǽ£ҫǱʾϲǣǽһ㡣
ǽ´լˣѵҲ
Ȼ㣬˵ˣǽǿˮó
ýڸչͽдɡ
ȥ£ȥڽǰһ飬ǺͶ˿¸һ£˽˵һǰصͻ֣׶³󣬽͵ͷˡ
ΪʲôЩ˰ûʣֵΪʲôҪ͸ôǰ
Ϊʲôʡ
ǱʲôҪհģظͰ
ǳĬһ£˵Ӧûȥ̨Թϣܶι
Ҫ֪ʲô³ҪģҪ֪ôİǰ·ʯߡ
˲ɫҰףץסǣҪߣֻȥлл껹Ҫİɣ
Ǿͽ͸֪ʵҪòѡʺԹһߣҪȥꡣ
ǰһʮ꣬ȻʵѡʺʣµĹҲ˻ڡ
һΣʵѡס˼ʮꡣ
ãʵ߰ʵ֮ҲһֱôƽġͻͱüˣҲйһǹ߻ʱ̣󲻹ʲôԭ㻹ԭλá
ĿǰʵۣӦǡöڵľ档
ֻҪ˴ƽ⣬ġƽͻᵴȻ޴档
֣ң̨
ǿĶʮ֣ϣǴ󲡳ϣǵӷԣû˵仰
û˸С
Ϊ³ʹߡ
С֣ϣʱʱӡϲô˶˭ֻ֪Ƕߵ³ǺˣǱߵǻˣС֣ǶԶǿЦ
ȻûǰԹ䡣
ԹĿģ˵Ŀģǡǡ֣۸С֣ĸӶˣĸףַȨԣΪ˹壬ΪİŮԼһ֣Сٰ֣֣С֣
֣䵱ȻǲܴӦġѾ̫ԼҲܴӦ
ǿΪ³ʹߣϡ࣬ƫܣ˳Լץôġ
˵Ȼ˼ǿ϶̫󡢴֣ûжģ԰ɣˣȻˡ
ǿȻŮ
ˣȻ
ǿܻʥߡ
ˣȷʵˡ
ǿԣβһȰԾȥҲý˿һ˽ػˣ
˲Ӧһ֣˸۸Ůˡ
ǿ˵ôأôˣ֣ˣܲǻˡ
˵˼֣мˣǻŮﲻ
ǿ˵ȻˣԶ̫һɷ˱ˡ
ˣ
˵ǲܳŮ۸ǻᱻɱģΪģǲܳ
ǿ˵֤ǳԺ̫ؿɰǡ³ʹߣ̫֮֮ŮǴ֮㣬ҵĻܿŵùɣ
ˣ
˵ŲĻ³ģʱ֣³һԣ
һαˡ
Ų˱ǿػضܰ˵ƿҲûá
֣Ѿܸмǿˣڣϻһ˸Ҹս֣䵽˵϶ֻǴ仰Ҳ˵ġ
Լܸмǿ˴լӺ˸˵ĵ඼˹ְ
Ϊԣ֣ʱ벻˶ǿֻҪһղ˱ԼͲҷŶǿ뿪һǿ֣ϼ궼˵ʮꣿʮꣿпܡ
ԼѾ׼ڵˣһԹһңԱ͸ˡ
ֵҵѾˣܲصʮꡣ
һ綡ǿؽ߹Ծֶһ뾡취˴Թ£๦򣬸еľϡ
ǿڳݷԼС֣Թѡ͹š
Լǳ֮Ůʮˡ
кң˵ҲڲһġǾ˵Ůò˵еĸĸûа
ƾɫ
ԼŮʤĸ֡
仰˵Թƾòѡġ
ԼϢ͸ǿΪֺ³ر³ǰ³˽ⲻ֪࣬Ķо֮ԡ࣬ǰΪ֣ӭ³Ϊ󣬲Ҳûóѡ
Լ֪ͦʹġ
붡ǿӴʱֶǿժǹΪƳ磬³ûժǹҪ
ó˵ü۽ǿǵ⣬ֺ󣬾Ϳʼժǹˡ
ҪôǿժǹˣҪôժǹȷʵ²С
ܴһ濴ֵʾá
ǿ漴һӰϢͻ³Ŀǰ֣ơ
ǣ֪ԼڵѶ
֪ԼҲԶء
ʹ㻹ǮûУܲԼٶ¹
ıֶаһˡ
ôӣôûһϵģú֡
̾Щ֮¶꣬ͲҷˡЩﻹǸƿľ
ͻȻ뵽ʲô
üһͷе¡
߽̣Ҫŵȴ˺޵ġ˵
ˣ˺ޣ˺޵Ḷ̌һ˺֮ǣС˲ǴһΡСȴʧȥȨǺһȥˣǻ̱ǵ˺
ԣĶǲҶ׵֣ΪֻҪȥûˣǰ¾ˡֻҪԼֵҲͲˡ
ĽȴҵȵʱǶ֮ǰҵһȱ
ԣ׼˴ȣٹĶһ˵˸ҷŵȥ´ȱġ
˼գȴпܳɹ
Ӧȥ졣
ȻŹ̾
֪ڷʲôЦ壬ߺ᲻أ
㳤̾ھͿʼˡ
꣬͸ȥ̨ˣҲֻʣµʱˡһȥ֪ʱ

Ӣݼġ
ЦˣѾЩ˺ܾˡڵȵҪлȡȨһ졣
ȻȥԼ˵Ȩݡ
гһգܴϵõͬĶ


483 
Ӣ̨˻, һʷ正һ˵ͽǽˣ
Ц˵ͶԶĽԾá
ŮȻ
ĽֵùĽģ
⻰˵̫ˣôţ
ҡͷ˵㣺˵Ƕ
Ӣ, ׷׸̾, ͷ治ɡ
歵ģ, ɲ˵Щɨ˵¡
Ӣæʣʲô, ȸ˵һ˵˹
м˺ûԼƯʹġ
歵־, ϲ˵
˶һ׷л
˵Ǳػ᷸ɻ䡣ӢæҾһ
ڸ, ˵¶ƫѧϰǶѧ
æ˹ǰ, Ī¡
ӢϽֱ, ʣѧ񣿡
歵˵ŮӲǶ컯Ӱ֮, ŮͱӴɣӸֱֳִ, ɼ͸ȥɴֻϾϸ£Ůӵְֻ쳤վãŮ裬ŽȥְԣŮӸѧߡ
ⷬǽкӢȶĿһ¡
·鼫࣬ͷҸҲ˵ǰŮΪΪ͵ġתű
Ӣ˴󻩣æ㲻ں˵ɣ
·˵ôǺ˵Ƕ֪ˡһȥ飬һЩ־мصģͲ˵ԶģģһЩҲа
˰ף˵һڿҰһŮԶء¡ǳ¶㷢İ顣
ʫ軹һ˶֪·˵Ҹ˵ʫʵǵ󰮡ʥǶԻʵۻ֮⡣
νŮŮ
ǰʫУɡˡŮȱȽǣָʵۡ
һ̾һ˵ժ¥
ϻժ¥۽硣
Ӣ̾˶ޣǰҲ鰡
ǰù󵨣ڹūȻۣȴѧġ
ΪҲãô
˷歺·һ׹ˡ˿Ůӵ۹ȥȻóФĽۣŮΪΪ׼ģôͲǴġ
ڹ檣ĸֵҲڼ˲Ǵвˡ
Ϊһˣô顣
Ц
ûô
ЩŮˣûڳ׺ӼȥѾеࡣӳףҲᵽŮӼȥΪǶԣŮǴأ
˵һȥ󣬿ܺؼҲٿķʱаܱȫСأʱжģӦ֮ߣ
˵ʵӢûġ
ǶһĵǣĴʱ˿̵ڲ꼻һ֣ڷ絲ĸĸȥǹڼУ䣬ֻǶľ֧
ǲŻһǻѸٵĽɷ正ֹΪǹ£ΪҪͬ飬ǿͬ顣
Ϊǵͬ
Ը
ժ¥ỹ˶ġܺӢ֮ǰΪʲôǿġ
ûƯˣֻпɰСͯĹŮ
Σɫɫ֬سõüʣŮӱ÷۰׽۵ۡ
˵Ư·ΣôҲò֬üʣʻѾҪлˣʱ䣬ЩĻ䣬ǿװ˵ͷϡ
ԣǾժ¥Ź·ϹΣŹۣ֬ʻֹĵ£裬߸衣
Ӣ歺͹һ𣬹źɫ£Σڵĳѩ׵ľ
ȴŰ£ͷûдҲûͿ֬
ͿֶۣͿѩףһŨڵĳüķڹ࣬ûбɫѹס빫ӳɻԡ
·ǰʰֱͷһĴ󳼡
ЦкѣͷΪǺˡ
Ӣһæǰڹ࣬Σɿһã
ղ빫̸ֹʵƽ׽ˣŸǰ
Ц楺ࣿ
û뵽ӹҪף
ҲΧһ⡱ȥȻšˡ̾ȡȥƳɹƾ
ժ¥ˣˣˣˣˣˡ
зݣ١
ӢΪϷƣɵڶ죬ڼжӵ˹µĳ
˳ҪлȻûһ£Ҳ˶һ˿ʮ
٣ʮҲܵá
ӢŶȥףظҲ˵òУ޺ãպҾǲˣҲΪ㵣ˣ
ֻһҲúӢںؼվȽŸ
ӢҲܿо˲ͬؼӵУ˿ʼˣ
Ȼֻ·Ӻý̨ǰɴûԼܳ˱˵ͨݡ
δҪ˸̨ΪԼ֪һνȥʲôʱ򡣿ⲢںؼӵԼ
μң·Ҳ˵ӡ
ˣȻŮӰʦ·ǰֻͽҲɷʦûԼҲյӡ
ȻЩ˶˼Ҳ۽硣
֣ǣ
Ҳܿյ˺Ӣ˵Ļر
ͻȻʵˡĴǼⴵǺ׿ģЩ˲֮ǰŮ֮һ󣬻С¡
ǰʱӳԬ޵£˵ŭˡ
˵Уֻժ¥ԶŭıӾ͸ӦˣͻȻ֮ˮǣŭӿԬ޶ȥ˲ͻһǡ
ֻԼȥһ˵ץô죿
ȻǴȻֵġ
ľ֣׵Ĵգյʲô̶أذѾǴˡ
˶ܿģ˴ʱغȫǷյĵһȥûб߼ʡ
³ûôƬһ־ͼΪע⡣οˮظ
ԣһŭǻһϲ·ա
Ĵˡ˵ǰֻǿڶഫڵеʵˡ
˵Щºۿˣȫͬģ
ңȻְеĿ϶Ҳܰ쵽
ֱ۵ģֳǸŮƷѵĽ϶ǣŹƷųӵſڣŽȥ
оȻֹͨգҶСЩŸԯ󳵵Ҳڶ鵱УʵǺۡ
ժǹ̨Ŵй⣬طҲаմŹƷǰš
ǸǸġ
³ﵽ˶塣
ǰһЩҲã̰Ҳգˡ
飬μҽ˵Ů˹񣬹УŮ͸Ĵ飬ǲýǳĿȥŮ̫Цˣ
μһҳžеļ֤˵ȷʵ֤ɽ
̰ƣвҪƷ½ѵ˵ôЦŮأ
ҹǮЩȫ֪ȥˣѵ˵ŮЩƱ
еĽУһнΡǣǮȷʵˣ˵ĸԽһɣ
˼ǣ̺˺͹ŮȻȫˣΪǺϦദ֪ĿⷿʵûжǮġ
յôⷿöѳɽɽ˰
Ϊȫ˳ȥ˰
Щ˶ôڶһ

׸ǽʦܽͷ
ʦ칫ӣȻСȴܸɵöࡣ
׸缤ʦܣˣҳȥʦܰοҡͷ˵ʦ֣Ѿˡҿ㻹Ǹ³һȥɡ

׸𾪵Ϊʲô
΢ЦΪ³ֻҪʺˡ
³񼣣ûԣʺǶȵˣΪĿǰΪֹûĹаǱáðһԼĹȻ䶨ˡ


484 ٳ߸ͷ
ԺͰ׸, ׸Ϊʦ磬ҳʦ֣ʵԱȣ治ԡ
Ա, Ͻ, Եûá
׸粻Ҳ, ˵ĸ黹ͦ
ԶҪˣ׸Ҵס, ͽӵǷȥҲӶһ˫, ׸绹ġ
ƽʱ԰׸ûôãʱŴ۸ˡ
׸ĿӲ, ҲûƽϵǸҡ
ʱ˵ߣúø³ȥպͽ³ƵȥҲ, ͡ˡ
Ͷ׹ſڵ, ȵҹͷ, һǰһˣǼҹ˯ÿˮֱ
ڰ, ˰ѵõԶϨˣԼ߹ȥŰ׸˯áװġ
һԱߵĲݴ˸ݣ׸ıǿͱ
׸һ磡ˣҲ̨ϻȥˣãȻ俴ǰվֲֳݹĹ࣬ҡͷ࣬ôЧСо
һΪװġ
׸ҡͷҶȵʱˣôװģ˯ˡ
ЦһЦøղһĻϵƣˡ
ҹˣҪϢˡ£硣˵ղ׸磬ֱӽˡ
׸㼷̴ǰͷţڹ˵࣬и㡣
ôˣ
ԺͰ׸һʱֱҵңԱţ̹ϼ˵⣬Ȼͳˡ˵ʦѺңصһˣҲصһҡ
ҲͰ׸粻֪ʵ͸һǽѾаˡ
ǰգ˵Ҫˣ˵ΪȰ˵׸磬Թú¡
ϳǣһоơ
ǣ죬׸Լˡ
Ϊô˵󣬰׸׸ҲǾһ£ɫͻָ糣ˡ
ôǵһ ˣϰˡ
׸糤ҾأС֮ǰԸ⣬ô͸ˣ׸ֱԵʱΪ³ܵϻʺȻԸӣգʦܸң³ΪʺҵȻҪϽȥݼ
Цʼ칫ôͽӵģĪ칫Ҳһˬˣʰ׸磬칫ʲôˡ׸Ҳ̹ףҼµһȵˡ
յ칫ʱ˽ô·أǵһǳѧ·칫ҵĵأÿһשĳߴղžʮϵĻֱߺƣԲ滹ô·ߵֱֱֺÿĵһſΡ
Ʒζһ£Եʦܣض칫ͷ󻼣
׸ҡͷ칫ӲΪǵĴֻǴһٶѡ
칫Žоأʲôܶҡ־ҲûʲôܽӣⱲܵ칫ĵӣһðˡ
ͺܿ˰׸磬һϵķ̨κ͵ʦ
ʹں̶ܴϵþڰѷ̸̨̬ǰȥѡĹӻʵ۵ӷ̨ʷ۶ġ
׸˵ᾡȫ̵ʱе¶߽ʱûѧҲûϵ̨˷̨Ҳʱţǽ
ڷ̨ĵһ˺ĺܺõĻ
Ҫʲô׸磺λ˳
΢Ц㣿ڿ׸мＸô˵ɣ׸λ˳ҲǲܣǽӣﵱУҪ£ֱ׵ĸֻܱƶ
ҲǲˣĻ׸ֲǽ䣬ûǸԺͰȥøΣ׸ͻһ԰ˡ
׸Ұڴʱ˿̱ŷһǹҳϵū͡
ʱҲ޷ȵ˷̨ͻ֪Է顣
˰׸֮⣬ȷʵǳϡ˸̨͵۶֮⣬Ǹ㡢ʼƶļױӡ
Ȼ³͸ʵ۵ĹƷʵ³ļױʵۻͻ
׸˵ǹˡʵ۾ռȥġ
³͸ʵ۵ĶֻҪһƪʥʫС׸ֱӱһƪйҸ˿ʯϣʱϾˡ
ʥʫҴдȻϸ³ѡһλʫϼѵʵедʵϼǴǰļһƪˡ
Ϊ϶ǰʫҵôûеĻǰ¸㡣
ʣµҪġܺӵ˾ǳˡ
׸磺˵͵̨Ķʮ֣а˷־͸ǳ
İòժǹôò¡Ϊ滨ݣʵֻϲȵ۸޵Ļ͵ģǲмһ˵ġ
׸Ҳһ⣬˵ǵ˷̨ǮҳĽ̴һ£ϲʲôʲôһʧˡ
㵣ֻµʱʱҲ
׸緢ЦǷ̨£ʲôûУֻܷľǡֽ͵Щϵֹĵ̫ϡĶ
ڵ˷̨ôϻʺ󣬰׸˼ǣժǹȥ˷̨֮һҪԼ֮˾ݷ÷̨¸ңǽá
仰˵ǵҪˣЩ˱̫ԣֻҪĬǰ˴æˡ
ʣмңЩʲôأҺ׼
׸Ϳʼϸ̨µңһҼҰ˵˵ڸ춼ˣȻûȻǸһҼҰϸʣЩ֮ϵ
׸ˣˣǰйΣɵذǹ࣬ұǽ󽫾
˵˵ô˵ˣ
һֱ˵죬úðѰ׸͵ȥϢ
׸û˰˷ˡ
ߺ󣬽ȿ㣬ٿ䡣˼䲻졣
ס֣ЦһЦС˵𣿡䲻ʲô˵ˣ굽ʵۣȫĮӺƶʵǸľż˵ʲôʲôԲȣϲŭ˲İ㷴Ӧ
һʮô𣿾㵨СҲػƫáɰ׸еĻʵۣƫöûС
ͷȷʵˡߵĳ澶ϲƵλ˵ȴ˵ڻʵ۵һ¡ʶʵۡ
ûѵŪ˸ٻʵۣѵûлʵۣ
ҡͷʵӦʵֻۡʵۣ֮⣬Ӧö⡣˵ʵֻʣˡ
ģȨϣңܶûС
ϣ̲סȥ˷̨ʲôأȻҲ̨ܿĲȤĵطɾʵ⣬̨ʮûϢ©ɼһ˶ڱܡ
սܣζҪ̨۶ΪС
Ҳ֪ʲôȥԺ󣬾֪ʲôˡȥҾԶҲ֪ʲô
ǰߣ߸ܡ
ȥʲôҲ֪
Ҫۿһ̨
ˮأˮǡ
ڸչϵĽζûɢȥѾʼ׼ˡڹǰмСҪء
ֳĴʹȴʼҰţҵȫˮǵմ󻧡
ЩʹȫŻĹڷŸԯ󳵣ǰӵǴ˴Уȥֳǣࡣ
ĽǺܾˡ
˵ֳҴ壬ЩˡȻһЩǷ˴ԺűϳֳǵģҲһЩǼ䣬û˴С
ΪԼµĳ佥ˣǳѹʹģ
Ȼ˵ҵĴˡ˵ҴرãмʮˣǺεӴļ尡
ԣΪֵյʢҵֳ
ǲǳѹǳʹܣỳԼǲлʧ
ѵľôйʧ
ûУǻ߸˵Ľܴɣ
룬ѵҪܾ
ܾңǾͿɣڽĹ֣ͬ
õլԺѾ´լȾס
õǰ̣飬вţԼڴǰ
ʲôĵ
أÿɨĹɡ
ҪǨأҲԸɽ࣬ΪóһطԹҵ
˺񰮣ϵСǵܵġ
н󽫾ĽʿڳϿȰ˵ˮǵȫȲĴżСֳǵ¼ҡ
ժ¥ľ빽ͷѩ˵ˮӷˡ濪ʼˡ
죬ƮϸСѩ
ڿ³ǵĳַͿͼҲôýģҪû㹻ĵطԽôĳǡ
ֿʡ
ƣԬ޸ϵ˽ȡĲؾпĿٶǰ˵صˮ
ƴӾͼѡԭȽڴ˵صһɳǳַԴΪԲ㣬³ǳַǻҪһĿ顣
ѾΧƽϵͺͽϸߵλˣһҪʺ͵ز㣬ҲΪȷˮ
Ҳǲ֪ڽǣѾʼǵˮˡƸյҪˮ˵ھ˿һٸˡ
˲ţֵðٰ䰮
룬¸ƼӹᡣʿڱͱѰͷҪߣҶǲʿûи֣֮Ҳû˽ȡġ
ӹᣬûƽ𻨣ͷϡһһ䣬˭ȼһȦȻͼӣ顢ʯ顢飬ȵȣһſżӣһȦٻһӣظҪñӼӵûطˣٸһ㣡
ѧ£ܰٳ߸ͷͣǰ


485 
ÿʱ, ҵĹ, Ѿֳǵһͳ
˶뿴֣Լ٣Ҳ뿴˭Ĺ١
, нøˡ
ʱ, ѩ̨ʼٰС, ֻ֮ˡ
ܹڿʼͳҫء
ⲻͬһ㣬ΪҲСˣר°ǰȵȡ
ҲרŮӣࡢϯʿβʿﲩʿҲˡ
ŮϯȻࡣ
׸ࡣ
ͻȻôһˣеģӣ̾˴ҵע, һ, ׸ͱ֪ˡ
ʱ𣬽ȥ̨ʺ󣩵²ǹ·
ǰֻǶھͿԹˡ
Ǿʽ, ȻûúõĽƨ
ŭֿޡŭҪȥ̨ѹҪȥ̨
ԴҲ֪, ԭйȥ
ǣʵ۴٣Ƿȥɵİ
, ǽʥּΥΪҾֻʹժǹȥˡ
ᵱʹ޲ͷ˴һٻܻغȥţʵǽ벻
һֱΪҲˣҪҪߣٻһɵġ
û뵽ȻǱ
ڶ죬ͷˡ
ʱǺ˵ġǰһֱܺą̃͵Ǽ궼ûùһڡ
ϵõϢϹȥʱѾյҪ˵ˣסǣסʣһ˵ǲصóԵأ𣿡
ǰڵĲҩһҲУҲСͿԺҪξǲнǺͽ뿪ߡ
ȻһйŮ˶ܳǰ¡
ǰµӰ
ӣҽб˿
ǰѹŶˣ˹Ů֮ȫ
֣ǱҲϢȴǽ׼ӴŮ죬סֽߵ
ԺȰѽ֧ȥˡ
ѽȥ㣬Ȱɵʲôý﷢ֽ⡣
˵ܼŮԼҲҽߣҪ𣿡ҽ߶˵ҩҲûáʵڲҿڽ鹫׼ɥ¡˲֪Щڹеû˲֪ʲôˡ⹬Ĵ̫Ӷеľż
üõʲôҩ
ҽ˵
ʵǲܿǾģҪβ
Բı
ֻǣֻб
룬˰ѽˣϲ¡
ȥ󣬳һСʱĶ衣
ȿ۵úܣһҪȥ˵Ҳ֣¹Ůȴ½ȣڻʱЩãȻ˼Сˡ
ǳûιһҩ˯
Ⱦһţһֱ߳Сǰ˯һ
š
˯ʱֺһҩѹȻЩӦתͷĴҽ뽪ʡ
ùһŽ
㡣̾Űɡߣ˾ͱˡ̾˿װ컹뽻㼸أ˭뵽ôءʱɲˣҪȻȽǣպǸ㡣
Ϊ£ˣæ˵㣬ûˣңҶ졣
ҲûʲôһߣʵڷĲ³£Ȼ㣬ҲܴţҲۿţǰ컵ˣһˣͳ̯ˡһɣ㣬㻹Ҫ
һۣҵȻҪģʱֿЦһĨᣬһЦ˵Ϊȥ˾͵˻ʺͲˣô죿Լô˴
һ˵ˣôأ
ˣʱϵͷȻۣѾÿ첻ˣתͷбˣùͳԡ
һѶ˸һ
һ߳ţһ߽ţʲôǱߵͨ޺ԬҪǲһǣ˶ҪǨҸǨֳǸҪŴúõĽǰڱֵأŮУֳҪŮ䵽ȥա
ǲӶġ
Ӧ¡
ֵ֣Ǳ߽籮ѾƺˣʮǼȻѾ³ͻְɣġһȫ˽˵лһ껻һЩвģµĴͶǨֳǸؿ֪ôΰɣʳ»ʵְʳ»ǮֻͲ
ٵͷ
Ԫǵʮǡ
Ѿɵ˿Ԫǣʼʣµĳǽ
Ϊûд˭Ҳ˭Ӽĵһͻӡ
ЩǾΪˡҲȷʵˣһҪɵĻһģǰЩǸɢǱ˴˻ӣҿǣͬʱҲӳҡ
Ԫһҡ˵Ĺ͡Ƴ߰꣬˵飬ɹĻҲǳضȫ˵˵һ˵սǵĵµˡ
ҳˣ˸ֵ֧ҿʼͥ񣬹Ծ
ڲ浶ǹĴõҲǸɵҵһУϵס
ҵûһ׵ġ
Ȼʹļס
찡ǾȻ̫ʧˣ
˰Щҵй֮󣬰ʹˡ
찡Щ̫ˣ
ǲҪЩԪǣ
ǰԪĳݣĳ꾮ˮɺԣĳסǵĴ
ֻ֮ԪǣܽпԪǻЩС˵У
Ѷ˶ҲûǱ֤һ֮ǰ
Ȼǿʼһǽ
ȥƱһҪΪסҡ֦֮ͬݺȻңǸɵ£ҲǱҡǸһУʮңʮңǾҪҵждˡ
ȻҪôһȥҪôһһѡСƵϣ˿ԡסĻȥ
Ҳû뵽һ𣬾Ȼֻ˵֮以̫ɱ̫أŻƱòʰûлͷ֮ҪһͲ֣ǵֶζ׶ˡ
Ȳѣֻһɱˡ
߽ʸ֮ģ˶ǵĻȱ٣˱ᵽƫԶ֮ؿ
㲻Ҫ֡Ҫװǡ
ýվɰϹߺȲ֡򱻱гȥ𣬵ˣծûˡ
У֣Զ֣谮Ҫݳ谮ٸ¡֣Ҫһһ
֣С֣λ֣ڸͷˣѾ˹Ҳɵǰɰնǣɵڶ̼ҡûˣǾͿʼա
һǷڶΪūȻ󸴸
ǲȻǸɻ
֣ƣѳʵǸΪĻǶ󣬲ң̨ĺ֣Ϊ
֣Ȩѳʵ
֣ڣһȨ
ȨֻһλС֣һһλȨΪĳǳأҲǣ
˴˲ͳ֣ҡ
³Ҫľ֡һһ֣£֣ϳƳ֣
Ե³֣֮ͬ
Թɱ֣³ȥ
ԹҪ˵֣³ȥ
֣֣³ȴָֻšһᱣС֣Լǲᱻ
һĽţɫҲԽԽˡɫˣ뿪ʱһסӡ
㡭Ļ𣿡
ԴЦذ
ε˵㿴ţһҪð
£¶΢Ц


486 żٿ
ΪҪͽȥ̨, Ϊ³ۺĹ, Ϊ˻Ǯص㡣
ҪһʮƥĴ󳵣ݡ
˵ҪһʮĽ
⻰ճڣֳǾ׽ˡ
˵, Ҫ֣˿κ
, ˿Ҳðˡ
˵Ҫΰʹá
Ѽ׳Ҳş̌ͽ̨
ʵʾ
׸ˣΪкôռ, ˵Щ̨һ⼫ˡ
ǺЦûȳ³ЩͳͳʳҪĶ
ժǹȥ̨³ʢ¡
Ѿͳȥˣ͵ǳء
һԹȻǮĺûᣬɡ
Ҫˣʼеˡ³߰ͻˡرϵǮʯʯ֮, ˡ֮ǰȥ³޵ɽѹһ, ıú󣬱㷭֮嵥ͷ֮ʯȴʯ׸ҿ, ³ϵһ㣬㶼ϸɡ
, Ӽ͵ˮƽһֱܵͣûлᷢչʢƷá
ᷢչ̫, һǺġ
˵ڻûдķס³ᣬƷӵģȫʯľΰԽԽã
ҪĽûжൽֵðհɽ͵͵ڿһ顣
мֵģ˵ÿᣬбе󵽿Ե贫ģСͨʿõĵ
룬ʯ㣬õǰ£ȥڽȵķء
ֻ÷Źͷ
ɴ˿ɼжȱǮ
ﵹǿǮĿǰκԵȵǮΪ
ֻöԹ˵һԲǮģȫǹѹˡ
Ҫ뺦㣬ץסһ㣬ѹ㳵ʮġ
̹ȻѵǹĿ뽫ûءߺ󣬿϶ᵣɵӸ˰ôһѱǷ
ҲԸûٸһģŹֽѱϡ
ԣȥ̨Ҫ׽Ǯ
ҳ׽֮⣬Ů
Ҫȥ̨ʺ󣬲ܲҪ֣͵֣Ů³ҲԸ󡣺οǶԹģΪһܵϻʺǹǰһϡ
ȻӮˣȻҪںôռһŰ
ǸҰ׼õļŮ͵̨ˣ赹ˮᷢϴ£޶
ҲðԼģԼҽԼǼԼӡ
϶Ҫдʫ϶Ҫǵǻ۰϶ҪԻʵ˵
˶ñ³ϳƹڻʵ۵ϳƳ
ŭƢҲøˣÿĵﶼҪϳȥʮˣ̨Сͯڹſָϳȥ˼ĵġ
̨֮ϵĴ͹³ṩһϷĥʱ䡣
꣬
ⲹ˺澶£ҽ
ĶŮֳǹңǹӺŻصġеĻдԼµ˽
֮ô㣬Ϊú˵Ѿǰĺˡ
ȷʵ١
ʧ¶ˡ
ѾʮˣµͶİˡĸ׹ֲֹһӣȥֳǺ󣬹ҲʼӶѡһֺꡣϾһ֧Ժ϶ֳǴƴˣҲҪУ϶С
ǰĹⲿ϶ܼŵġ
ڵĹⲲܽܣ
ܾá˹Ӱ졣
ʲôʱҲûԼеĶǹ½ֵֵͬܣ½ֵܵͬܣҲֻһ˵ĺ
ԣĿľҪֵȷһΡ
ȻΪֵΪֻҪлͱȫ֧֣˿ۿۡ
ô׵˵ġ
ڴѾû취ĹŸӵĿ̾ڳˡϧˡ
Ȼܿعⲣ˵ҪǺꡣɹԴȥֳǺѾûкˡ
˵겻Ҫˡ
ϣȻֳǣҪסԼ꣬һһҪ㣬Ҫ깨ϡ
ʵϹȥֳǺ󣬲ֹһοӺꡣźܿ췢ת䣬ĿУѾԼ˽ġǺ깨ϣֻԼ
ĹⲣȻܰѺ꽻겻ֻһҰдССңǲӹΪԼӵǰ̰Ѻյġ
ķ˵Ⲷܵϵ峤
ֱ󣬰ѹⲸ߹ⲣȻİĶӣѡļ̳ҲֵܣȺ½ֵܻúõİͳȥġӳȥǾͻΣգΪѾв˼Ҫˡ
һжʱġֵȶƺֵһֳǣһں֣꣬ƽ£ùҷ
Ⲿͱ˹ݺСû֪
Ⲻܺ棬ôֵģ
Ϊ˵֮;Ǹֵֵܸץ̸һ̸ˡڶûĸֵһμ
Ƶ˵İʹʹΪ
ԾӦøǰǸһΪʲôܿĴ㣿
ɱǸֵܡ
Ҳɱ⸡ͷ󣬷˹Ӱ졣׵Ļ֮û˿ԥ;Ҫô
̸Ȼѹ¸ֵܺ͸̸̸£͸ɵֵܡ߱ɱܵǾûʲôˡǶ࣬ͲţɱϼʣµĻԹ
꣬Ҫˡ
Ӧ˵û겻
֮ǰ׼ҪɱһЩˣһЩԴԱں꽨Ȩ
һ棬ȻֳǣҪڹǰķȻֻԼû취ȵġѾΪ࣬Ǵ򡣿к֣ͿԵһʵȨ
һ棬ǲŹġһֱԭõꡣܰѺץܰѺ׸ڹͲмֵˡ
ԣûȷʵѺͳȥġú͸ùԶҪõöࡣ
ǺδҴӳг˳Уѣ밮£һ𵽳̤
ǼеҲڳϣСҡҡλεģӭŴ磬ŴŴ
֪ðһǿˣùɱ೵ԵĻֳַСɳȺ복ɢɱ
£ĲݵýѪղŻЦĻҰ֮ϣѾһˣֻзĳ͵еˡ
мСˣꡣ
Ϣغǣӿǰ鿴ѰʱѾˡ
ڲϢһЩûͻȻĿѣǿµĴˣԣаԻ죡
ǹŵӣȹҪСꡣ״ѧ丸Բܹϲ񹨌ŵĹȥֳǺ󣬹µĶѡѡѡ˹ԡ
湨Խǿ壬һֱڰںλԻ̫ˣ죬ҲϤȱΡһֱû취ģʮʱ䣬ܰѹԽ̵øЩ
ϣڹЩܸõϢܸ֮顣
´ˡ
»صĹⲵһ֪ӲǰǸЩСĶˡ
ӣºȥƭˣǰȥɱˣǰһ˵粽á
˵Ҫꡣ
˵Ҫֵһġ
˵һжġ
żȽֺڡڹⲵĳɳڲѡԡ
ⲵУһ졣
û뵽Զĸģ
˴عԵѶʱķȻ֮ǰôˡ
ڸϵ鿴ɱʱ򱻺ģװܺյ߱ɱʮˣ߰˱ȫ˹ԡ
ȷ֮Щߴ룬ץҲͬһɥ
ⳡɱ̫ˡ
ԻҴҳǣΪ˴ɱ˴붼Ǹҵˣмеӵܡ
ֶ£ں⣬ΪδĹ֮һҪԸȥԵ֣ء
˭ϵлд̿ͣ˭뵽ǰ˲Ƕ
ŵɫҰףŬȥԵʬףȻдȥ빨ⲹ
ʩʩȻڹǰŹŵɫǵ׵塣
̾ЦɳƵˡ
ŶһģʣǰͿɲ󰡡
źѡһֵܣ᲻ɱһⲵͷɸɴ˵ᡣ
ţҰѺأļ壬ǹˡ
Ⲻ棺˭Ŀѡ𣿡һҪҲҪɱ룬𣺡Ҫòɱ
Żʧϣһ˵աҾǼ
ⲣٶ£ɻẦ˸ˡٵһҲɱˡ
ſİϤĶһۣں˭˭̵㣿
ڸӵ˵Ҳġժǹ
Ȼǹʵ֧ѵΪȡһŮӵķģ㾹Ȼ£ⲿЦҾٶ೤һԴҲȥ
ŲĿΪΣҡҡͷûٶ˵֪ǲġĿеĹǸĽȨƣϲܵŮˣֻΪҪΪ˹֣˵Ҫõȫ³Ϊ˵λ
ƫƫʵ
ȴ˵˭š


487 ƶ֮
ռݵ֮, ֳ̫Զ, ³ͳϽΧûбĳǣҲûǿ, һֱҵĵλҲ˶ҡ, رиԵˣԺϰӡ
ûȥֳǰ, Ҳúʲôáⲻ˵ܺƽ𣿰հҵҲ鷳ǹҲܵģ°ֱ֮ء
λ֮ٿ泯ļƣͺڿǰԼ
ôôˣ
ôϵ¶ô
ΪԼӾʲôˣѵʲôſ۾
û
ⲡšȥԼ, Ȼӹ˳Ƿ͹µĻѱԼ, ſʼ¡
˵ûȥң˰ѺµͷԸѯʺʱ, ӡ˵Щǲ
̲ס, ͽдȥ߹ⲣ֮ҪסµҰ
ɱһԵ˹ң㲻ɱ˺µõԲԣ
ۿȥ, ϲԣȻǰҲϲⲣֻҪǹŵĶӣԼֶġùⲴֳǻͲǰôʺˣԶɱ
ϽݣԺվڽ½йⲹ
ûԼĴȥ常ǱʲôԸҪĻһջȥ
æýŲմأ
꣡꾹ȻѾһûӴϢˣ⻹ǹѾ˻һ£
Ⲳǲ⸸ôԭ򣬴ǰ׵Ѿˣʶ˺ĽΪľƽȶɹȨӡ
ܼ򵥣ǽ֣֮£ʼ˽ʼɱ̶ӡǲˣԸ㡣
£˲ķҲûм巴ԣžʹ˽ЩµļպÿԳΪҵʳ͹ʾĹߡ
ձ˿ԣԼҪֶĿŲ֪ǲǲƳأļҲһ
ⲽп䣬Ƕ֪淢ʲô£ֳľٶһ֪ʱ̾
Ҳûкôġ
ֻԽһЩֳǵ£סЩôˡ
ŵòż˻˵æµϾҡ
ż꣬ȥʱˡ
ҴҶǹⲽġ
һ£ӦָŹʣ㣬Ϣ͸ģͷ
ֲ̾⣬㲻ϲԣԶ㲻𣿡
Ժܺã硣
ŵֻԭĴ磬ȴѾǰˡ
罫ң񲻴˿٣أûС
ŷͲڲǺޣպ㣿ǰʱûмǺޣպڸãǺˡ
޻˵ҲЩⲣû뵽һӣȻܵõһĵĵܵܡܹ빨ֵ֮м棬ٹŹⲲɱ㹻ˡ
̾۵պ󣬹Ҿͽֵˡ
ȹ׵ûžȳ׵һҡ
бӡ
ӿᣬסӽ˵ΪѾ氢ˣһ⡣
ĶӱĻࡣˣ㣬ΪʲôϽ
̾Щ˲⡣Ǳں꣬سɵˡãҵֳһˣʡȥѹһ塣
Ŵŭ˵ˣôֶԽԽң
ָ֧ҹ
°򣬲Ͽ빨Զǰһ˵ţ
ɱôôɱˣðԼһ˴ꣿ
ⲹȣô֪ҵĴ㣿
ͷΣôܣЦôܣɱ˾͸ɾˣҿ˭Ҳֲ󣬳˳šƽʱҲҪʲôЩ˺ٿԷϼ꣬ټ˰аհģҲˡ
ˣֹⲾȻĴɱ
ҪѺҵˣԺʮꡢʮ꣬ں꣬ĵλû˿Զҡ
ⲷֹŲ˵ʲôеúϢˡڷ˹ΪʲôϲôȻ㡣Ȼһ㣬ôأǰ˵Ǻˣڹ߼ŷ֣ȫġƣбô˾ôǼٵģ˵һǧ飬Ҳˡ
鲢ôסΪû
˲ˣɥ¡ˣⲡͻȻðֹңųĬǰ²Ҳǰˡ
ɾûšʡҡ
Ⲽˣֻһδս˵ĵޡ
ȰѸҵĹٶˣں˸ѧȫƹ³ֺѧʮµСӿɱѧţʮϵĲᶼҪѧرְԱȫҪᡣ
ãӦ˳˵˰ɣûС
ⲣ
ִƹŮټޡ
ΧûбȺĳУȫСȻȫԺΪԺŮӺټ޵ȥںȢΪŮɥ󣬶ټޣӷҰҲңǼľݼСʵ͵Ǯ͵סĵطȻعһӡ
жӵĻһ㣬ŮΪ˲Ůǰ̣Ҳô
Ϊǲ¡
Ѹ飬ѾǺķˡΪ˲ҡҡ鷳б˿Ǿֻôһᱻ˲ĿָԼҲʲô¡
ͬģΪ˱ʾԹϱŮ۰ҺҶٸһЩǮԹƽҲʱȥ̽ǣŮ꾲ĻͲټˣˣҲҪžܾźá
ⲵƹýˡ͵鷳ȴʶ˼ҳعѵŮӣȻͰ뵽Ǻֵܹģ˼عѣ˶㾹Ȼ˴Ӽ뵽ȥ
̫ˣ
ڣ˶
Ȼ󣬵ЩѸϼ֮󣬶ԡ
Ǹ˰
ⲣ
ýҲǺģȴжѡһֱȢŵģŲȢģֻҪ൱Ͱһֵ̨ഺôûԧ飿Ȼ󲻵ȶԷ˵̨һżǲ˾ܾĻᣬ˵˾㣬ٷӦѾҵˡ
жûкʵѡʹͨѡȡȻѡҲǵһͨѧԵδò൱Ϊѡ
ΪټӵܵŮǿܲԾļް֮ӵŮǸԾģǲԾǵļҲ
ŮûһԾġ
ǵļҲûһġ
лģ
ⲣ
ţ
ж˵Ǻˣ
ߣӿʼˣ
ƹŮӵ׸
أˣȰѷųȥˣ֡
˾ͻˣ
շųȥ˵ˣ
ǰޣҲǹ֮޵ļеһ֧
ֻһŮ˶ʮˣ֪ʲôʱŮѾ˺ӣ˹ֵܵĺӣ˶Ը⡣
ŮТ˳ѲƲŮ˵
ⲣ۾ʣŮԸ⣿Ҫ֪׸ĻҪյģӴ˼޼ȣ
ȣǴ治ˡ
ϲͷǺԸⰡ
Ϊʲô
ⲲģŮʡ
Ů˵ֵܣڼҲܸĸϲȢԺĸ׵ﻹá
˵ҴСûЬҵܵܣҸ綼УҵԺСġҳ׶סҵģĸĵһ棬͸һ·Ь
飡˵ϲΪԼó˸ȥʦ
׵ҲֵȥТ˳ˣʹĸΪĸˡ
ѯʣ˶ϲ˵ԸԸ⡣
Ⲵŭݺݵ׼׸Ȼȥ׵ҴǶӲȣԸ׸ΪĸǾͲ
꣬Ǽ˾ˡ
ϲ
Ǽˣö׸ǸӺĸǸġ
ⲣ
ǼҵĸײҵĹʧҵĶӣȴƫǸǺί۰ĸĸҲ˵¡ǺܸмǵġԺͻ߶͵ҹһӰɡ
ⲣ
ⲹڹǰһηʡغɱ̫ˡ
ⶼû˸ҷˡ

ȫǹҰףҶû⣬ڲ֪ɱ̫ࣿ
׵ܵܶɱˣô᲻£
Ҳʡʡ֮£лĳ˵
ⲳ˼ãǾǶ׼ɡ
Ŵ󾪣Ҫʲô
ⲣҪȥ̨ˡյˣǺҲҪЩ׼ͼױȻǼȻпܻңǵǵ˺Ǯս˸ɾ˿ãǮòˣ
Ŀࡣ
ⲻǹ֣
ѵΪȥᣬԷͲԹˣӦü򣬴Ҳʩݣм㡣
֣¶³ٰмһ


488 κ
ףعǰ̨ʹһ͵ֳǡ
, Ÿ¶ʵ顣
湨ⲺúõĴһ, ϣ󽫾ɱפꡣ
ɱˣ󳭼, ȻڻûܵǰţѾҪ͹ȥˡ
Ҳ˹ǰδеŽᡣɱ˹ԵҲòôҪ, Ϊʱ, ⲷ˲ٺôе, һЩӵܻصֳǡ
̫СˣԶûֳǹ, ʩչŻⲵײбǻ, Ѿ൱һ˾ùûйⲺãҺ, ǹΪ
Բܴȥֳǣӵܿظõĵ·, һس֮ˣģ˶
, ҳ֮, 
һȻ
˵, 󽫾ɱԺͿԴ˻ˡ
п󡰹һ, Ҳĳˣ
ĴҲڽǰޣǵڶ䣬ҲǱˣֻΪЧҹںҹǵˣֻȹҳȻˣ
ж֮󣬰ٰ㰲οŴ˵䣬رȥԮȹⲡ
䲻֪׻ûףİرɹȥˣһ£ʮرͶȥ;ŵøǷɣͳûô˾ҪǮȥˡ
ҪˣϺױ
ϣѾĲˣΪ
ҪٴǮѾǵڶˡ
˵ҿܵβŻߣҪξҪΡ
û涨ֻǺһΣ
ʷϣǻʵҲãҲãĿҪǮǷǳձиʵһҪιƷһβͰǸƷˡ
ûΪʵ漴زϢ̨ǲܴرȥֻôսսȥ˷̨űŻ
䷢֣ʲôʱ򣬽ԭӡͻȻˡ
£յκ⡣
ʵκ³ʾôѺãǵĹӵ˻ʵ۵룬ԵְȻˣҪ꣬˷̨󣬵ΪãѺã빲
κ˵κΪ󣬽λΪκԸִԸ⵱澡
ӵκ֮󣬰Ÿͽ俴
㣺κƻ˵úֻһ仰ѡκ³ˣȴԼﶼϸһ֮
˵ôش㣺أȻˣβκ³һͬȥ̨أҪΪˣǶ˴֡ȻǾɡ
漴Ϊڣֱκ³Ҫϸʵ۵ĹƷԼļױԼʹӡ
κôУЦ
κκӵź̾Ц³ò
ŵ³ᣬ֪β̵أκҡͷ˿²Ը֮Ϊ顣
ʣδã³пǺں󣬽κҪʱ䡣
֪³Ǵϵ¶Ը񣬻Ϊ֮֮κ֪ôˡ
Ϊһ˵³յźҪôκʾ׽ҪôѷԼޣлκԼΪ澵ĻŶԡ
֮³ֱ¶ԷĿ佱һ㲻ģǽ벻͸
ѵ³ΪһЩԾܵʺˣ
κ˼Ƭ̣ðȥɡȻ󡭡
κ󴦣ȰοһŮӣҪǣһõʵ۵Ļĵġ
ΪŻ˵Ծ͵֡κͬĸѩòСηӣʮꡣκй٣û뵽ѡȥѡʺ
㣬Ҳȥͷ
̾Դѡа󣬰춼ޣҲ˵Ļػؾһ䡰ȥ
ҲģʲôҲˣֻܱסĺ壬ο£¡
κʱһ󣺡㡭Ҳе㺦£ڵе˽ﱻκ֪ˣæưȥϴˮһ۾ЩۣȻסڵ˵ã˶ͷˣŶĴӺԣҪ
״֪۾ûںã˵˺
˲⣬룬ҲҲֻ
󣺡ˡ

󣺡ˡ
ˡ
һֱ˵ż⣬˾ͳȥˣ⡣
˿Цã³ΪʲôͣҲЩͬ飬͵֪
ͷ˵빫ȥ׼
ڶʱľŨŨı㣬㡭ס£¡
˵ͷȥǲǿ۾˵ᣬ£Ϊһи֮ˣ³³ǣ³˷̨󣬵ǡ
³ü
ôƫƫ³أ
ߺð뿪ˡ
⣬ΪԼ󣬻صԼĹҾͿʼĸ˵꣬̾ɻǵһǰĴӣ֮ǰ³ġ
һ̧ͷֲã㲻ˡ
ĸ˵ģǹ㡣ֻǲϲӶѡ
ΪѵǡҲܿ
ͨκҲòԣ֮ӣκ׿Ϊ̫ӵģڰӻκȴ̫ӵˣҲֻܺĳһӡ
ĸ˵ϲ֮顣
ͷҶġӲᵱӣʵϣ˶ĺӡ
ڴߵ˻ֻعʱǼһ̴ӡ
ĸ˵βأ³һ֪³ƢԡҪȥ³ˣźá
룬ͷӦĽĸ׼һЩƥ䱦
ⶼǻԴõĶ
ܹĶҴӣԽĹŮȥҴӵ̴ӣ취⴫ݸӡ
ҪСģҪ˷ˡŮ
Ůѽڻͷġ
סһƫƧĹκ󶼺ԶκŮҲԶֻ̺ĸˣŮ˶뵽
Ů֪ȴûȥһ·ԽԽƫĿ̣ǰȫһ˸ߵĻĲݣ򿴵һֻӲݴз𣬻һβʹӲݴԼͻȻһ
ΪԼߵأֱԶڻĲеĹǽ
һæܹȥǽһ·ѾưܵĹҡ
ãһˣϵĺҲ߲ݶϾȻҲ˲ݡ
һ˸ߵСͻȻӻĲðȣʲôˣŮһ˺æӵġСƺû뵽˻˵۾Σһתͷȥ
Ů˾Ҳˣæȥ
Сһ·ܣתơ
ŮýҲüβǰĵ˿ˡ
֮ǰĲݵĵذ壬ľûвˣܿذ̨ףӵżƺҲݶҲûвݡ
ͥԺ޴ͭױյڣԱ߶Ų
Щڶ񣬿СͯиĹŮ˶ˡ
һסСͯһǰòѯʹŮʽˣѰʲôСͯ˵һ˻󺰣˵Ҫӣ
ʱ߳ˡ
һԼѮͷһǰպڵľ۾Ů
һԼʮ꣬·ѾЩˣֽŶ¶һأһŮܿκʮơ
ݵμӡ
ӾȵЦˣԲܷ˵⻹ǵһ˽Ҵء
ܷüȥд֡
ЦĻȥ̨ܷףǹŮе˵
վڴǰʹЩʹ˸ɫһ˾͸ȥ
ǸСͯܵڰӻ
ӱססԼĵܵܣڵذպڵľд֣һԼдһ߽
СָͯŰһһѧд֡
һС԰˵ӣһҸǸŮ
ӵͷСı֪ˡ
Ц֪ĵģܽ˹ӣ
һߣܷǴȰĿŽ̵꣬˵飬ﲻ̣ȥɡ
а˳ĵͷ˵Ҿ⣬ҪʲôֻҪһСȻ͹£䣬˵


489 飨޴
ܷ깬Ů, ÿɷ񣬵ܾ˹ŮӵðѹŮ, Ҫۡ뿪
ŮȻԸɶŲܷǺͰֲҷ, ֻƵ뿪뿪ǰ, ǰѽˣϣ»˵ܷǡ
ܷûоܾ, һӦ趼ҪӹƺӣȻûиκʹͣеҲʸ߲ȵ, ʲôԵĺȵõĶ
̾˿ȥ, ܲòһܼҾ, ܼҵӼϴӵܲܽύϼˡ
Ҫǰ̨Ĺȴǲˡ
һ, ǲڻŵʱ̤κĹ, ȻҲﲻϰӵæοӵڶ˼³ǧټƶûܴӶ³ĸ飬ڸܽٽӴ³ˡ¡
ܷǴ⣬صߡ
ĽŲ, ǸСѾæӰӻվˣҲҿܷһ۾˳ȥ
ܷǵСܳȥ󣬲ŽѵӣӵݣôԸ׽˿ҪЦġаޣȴЦĲһµվҾһ񣺡лҡȻֵӱЦˡ
ǸСӵ͵͵ͷ￴ӶգգۣЦһЦġ
ܷǿҲֻõûС뿪֮԰˵ӳҰⱾлȻӸҪѧùЩ˵лŶԡѵְ֮οӣպԽԽãȻ˱ӵķ㵹ġ
ӹ˳ǡ
ܷǽѵ꣬Լº󣬲£ȻǽŽ
Сӿ˶˲ܵߣסȣ۾ί˵ˣҲãҲȥҹӡ緢ݵһŷ¸ӣ±ס׵ܣû֪ʶ֣ѧϰӲŽ̰ģѹ
ϸݵֱ۱סĲӣʱŸҵ᣺û
ѾǵǰˣļֻһġЦŮˣסĻĻġ
˵ĸĸι̵ˡ
ʣ𣿴ʵҡͷˣἫˣϲˡ
˻Լ򡢱㣬ò򲼣Ȼ֪ˣΪŹۡʵû취Ÿ򲼣Ҳ˵˸Са
ˣп޾ͲޣóͲ죬ſڴıϣ类ĸܣ˵ײײģҪűϵСܵܣڼͺ£ţţץӡ
֪ԼΪʲôɱˣΪǵĵԡ
ǵĵүүģǲģǲС͵ģ󣬴󲮲ˣүүûС̲Ҹ߱ʵ飬±˷֣ļޣ֮ǰĸ˵֮󣬵ͱ̵үүΪӣүүס£Ҳᵽ¡
Т˳үүΪүүգȢӣֵܼȻܻ飬úʫкܶ˶ԶǧҵҪ٣˵ѵˣܳˡ
˵ͥķ̾İͷҲɽ
˵ġ
һӵ飬ĲŻô᲻һչأ
ǲа
ҡ
ҪΪǿǣܽ˻ǵ
ҪӻκҴ٣ĵͽѵһҶɱˡ
ֵֻ˳
ֹײǣǵӵˣ̵ǣװǵĶˡ
պ˵˵ǵýǹԹһԸӡ
ˣûġ
Ѵӵ͸Ϊľһͨݡ
ǣҲ֮ġ
ȵ֪ȥԸӡ
ֵ˿Ŷڵϣһ
ʱˣǾ͹˰ѰͷԴ˵㣬һˡ
Сʱ򳣳˾˸㡱СýϴˣĻꡣ
ǰֵǺСܾöȴˡ
ͷСʰ飺ʲôģ˵ǹĹŮҪȥ̨ʺǸ˵Ҫѹ͵³ȥ˵ͷˡ
һȻ˵񶼷ˡ
Сʣģ˿ڿˮͷġ
˼Ķ¶Ҳһ˵ĲܷǷ֣ǰѰŵһߣˮȻɸף׼󷹡
ú˺ܳʱ䣬ˮỵ̂Ҫ󵽹ܳء
ͶĶԱߵˡ
һֱ󵽻ƻʱá
ʢ˵ȥĽ̿Ρ
Ͱѱʷˣûû棬컹ã̫һɽڵʲôͿԼдʲôˣһѡһ죬Ӹöˣðɡӵ
ܷǵӵһѧ̰ͼܡ
³͵ĴһֱκûģκҲû͸֮飬Ҳ˿ûоη
ܷһֱͷۡȥκǾ̫ӵġ벻ֹǰӲϷߣκҲԸߡɶڰߣκ͸ڹˡ

Ȼ߲ͱҪѰӸӱ³Ŀģûаġԣ²Ż̵һ³κ
Ҫ뵱̫ӣͱĵ³һһİκŶԡ
ȻǾͲܱԹΪʲôκ̫ӡ
ϣʶΡ
ɲôϸ̣ܽӷ·ûзϡ
ֲܷܴʵڲ֪ʲô
ΪȰӳӦþͻ³ġ
ܷǿ۰顪Ӧǲ飬⼸Ӷ˵˸ĸ磬ȻҲϣûе⵽˺ֻŰӵκϺȻԲ壡
Էɡ
Ӿһ񣬵Сˡ
ͷӾ˳ȥܵĶǰԼȲʢԷһҲûӡ
ܷ̾ҡͷа£Ȼԣͳ˰ɡ
ûоܾƺܸж룬˰ӵʳ
棬һιһ߸˵
Сһ㣬ҪˣĸĹŮ˵תӣ˵ҶһЩ³£˵ǸŮ֪ժǹ£ҲԸ
ͷá
ӱŰС˵ܡߣҴ³ȥֻǿϧܴһߡ
缤ȭͷ˵ܴϰУֵѾˣ㵱ūҲûϵܻȥ˵ҶģԺҵĵܵܣһպһúýˣȢӣ³۸
ֻһ£ӻȥĻ𣿡ӵͷˡ͵ûϹߣҧ촽ʼ۰Ƕʱ䣬Ϊ¶ҹ˯ţʼκʼӦ˵ֻպҡĲȥ°ɡҾͶ˵κ̫Ѿˣյӡӣֺϵû˼κ뿪ʱǸ̵ޡϳġ
ֻҪһȥһ˵Ըһҵġӽס˵Լ
ģȰ
˼պǸŮȻˡ
ֺ󣬰е˱𴦣˵ܿ㣬㲻ҪȥŮϲæҾȴӣ
ĲǴӣռ֮һ
˵һֱŴӣӶá˵֪³¶𣿶֪ʲôһһʳһȥѧӸңٸ㡣
ŮǲţְŰɣ̽ʳ˼⡣
ʱȡ
ڶ죬ŮԼȻڵһ͵Ҹ㣬ʲôл𣿡ŮȻл񣬵Ļа˳ģ˵ֻҪûƭңҪǮϡΡʳʲôС
˵ȻģҾ͸ɡ
һһʮİѹŮⶼˣŮϲϻʵĲЩ̽Ļ֪ժǹƷԣӾ˵ժǹģһ֪ժǹ
Ů⣬ͷ
Ӷڶԣü˵֪ĸʲôʲôϲʲôΣʲô
鵣ĵӣ֪𣿡ֱ׳ҵȻ֪ɡ
ô˵ǲŷġ
һߣ缢ƿʵļժǹİãĸ˵û뵽ժǹȻϲԿɵ߰Ҷҳأ
ĸŰɣֲȷժǹûİãͷʱժǹԣʹŵӳһںˡ
źսŵͷãԡ
һգ۵ģ͵˰ҪʱˡʹŮӵҪʲôл񰡣û˵𣿡Ůҡͷһֱ˵ء
˵ҾҪءŮ˵ܣֻ﹫ûҪл񡣡
˵ҸҪлˡ
ŮһҪʳҪʲô걻û취Ӧȥʴӡ
ŮҾţȥʣһң㲻ҾͲˣ
ŭôôǴǲΪǣŮæǹлӵġ֪ෳգ΢ᣬﲻϴæܾĵĵطǹǾƴǵġ
ȥ˰ʱԹŮ˵˵ûб£ֻͣСʱԸ⣬ܲܰʹ³ľأŮԥЦ֪ǲ˵˵ѣŮæţ²С°һȥǹ㡣
˵Ҳǰæֻ룬ҼҹʶľѣǿժǹߵŶ
Ůϲȥ̸ĸ
ĸʰأ˵Ҳ벻ôңǴСȥ³ˡοܸժǹߵ˽飬Ҳ档
ĸŵͷ
ŮȥϢ
ǿסĵĿϲͷȻˣ㡣
ܻ˴Ͱӡ
ϲǣҪݣ˵򵥣ҰüëͷһȦͲôˣôδһһƬ͸ˡ
ӶԴͰ˵ֻǣҪΪˡҪܷſֱҺͰԶ˲С
޵ɴɱ
һȻԸ⣬ȴеԥҡҡͷ˵Уǡҡͷ˵У׶ж
Ͱһֻۣʱ˵Ӻ֪ͷֻ߹ӵģýйӲҪǡ
޵ˡˡ
ֻܴ̾Űƽص³ȥ
鵣ĵĻ԰𣿡˵ҸŹӡӺǶǱ˵ġҰ֪ʲôʱˣɡߣôһ·
¶ġ


490 
ֻһӿס, ܷס, סſ, ס, ġ
һֱӣܷһ, һժǹ, ֪ô̵İ, аӾȻκ̫֮ɻ³ȥһ۵ĳ֮ӣһ, ҲްӼʶǳ
һ꣬ҲӶκа֮
ΪˣŸܷŰӻ³
ӵݲһ, һǣκ³ᶯ
ʴȣŸ, ûȡӵȻκ, ȴ̫, ʵκĸ󻼡
һ³ܷǷҪ̻Ƿֱ, Լκ, κ̫ӣһЧκЧҴ
³ժǹףȴĲһΪӺ, ȻӦýηκϳΪ
ڴϳϰӵ̫֮λ԰˵Ҳ³ժǹĴ
ʣһ׻ϲԼĶӣһλ²ĸ̫ӣ
ǰӶԴʼûи֮˼κʼûЧ֮⣬һһ³Ǵô̫ӡأ
ǰ˴ģŷġ
ܷǾûϣġڰС֪̫֮λζʲôպΪժǹʧ֮۵κλͻȥǰĳ̳ͣժǹˡ
ֻǣҪٶһʱ䡭
ܷϣ뵽ҹų˯ȥ
糿컹ûˣҪС⣬һ£ȴԼã
һӾеʲô˵ң飡ң
統ʱʱСһҡ˶⣬ܷǵĽк
еţȥסɣ˵ãв˵ġûһУû˾ͺˡסһݣָưƣǵ֪ӺͰôˡ
һߣԶԶĿűŰİӣŵû飺찡ԭˣӺͰվڽΧ˶ҿǡʵΪӿ̫ˡ
˲ǰȫͺģͷȫˣԺͷҲ˲٣ֻһССķ٣ͷһȫģǵеͻ
ϣȫǴƬĺס
ǸСӿá
ͻ˿תͷĸ˵ֲôҪͳأڹлᲡɡǰ͵³ӵľѣӦþκˡ
ĸ˵ͺǲˣϵļͲ֪ǺԵˣϾͲˣͽǸɣҪйˡ
˵֪ҪʲôҩȳȥˣѰһЩҽȿһѰЩҩһΣ˹ĹŮ˵˵Ӵ͸һŷÿδ档
ĸ˵аõġ
˵Ǿÿһΰɡ
Űӣֻֽסͣ⼸챻͹һܽйǹӣҪйΪ硣
ԼдһֱסԼ졣
ûǡҪ̣һжææµµġ
ͥԺڣȥˣ̧һһ䶫Űϵϣϵϵģֻܶǽǡ
Ůеĵͷе˸߲ҡеĲ뿪κ뿪ĸˣеȴΪȥ̨ˡ
Ƕκ֮ŮɰһеڿޣеЦ
ҲǸҲͥԺûϵϵӣĵǸװʲô
ϲǸ¯𣿡
ǸװǲϲǼ·
ֵֽģڵǰתȦӣĸ͹Ůסȥ
ŮҪżһԶϵġ
ȴҡͷ˵˭֪أ϶ͳӸңֻǲܶϵģϣµĶҲиȥתͷĸĲҪ𣿲һɣˣٳ
ĸкᣬЦҡͷǲ뿪ġĺغ¾ˣȴ֪һֱΪĺڹ͸׼һҲһֱװӻڡֻйѪϵˣ֭󣬾ĹѪĺҪԶȥֺαĹأ
̣ûȫŵϣҲҪˡ
Ҵææ˳æĸŵĹŮʡǱ¡棬Ҳ˳
֮ͻȻ
˾ôˣôˣŮҪżԼ³ȥһŵɫҰ׵ܻſڳԯ˵ǵˣûгͲøˣ
ǶԼӣ鳤Ůĸӵĸ鸾ݲǶҪгǵӳЩ˱ϿˣҪô׷ųԼ˫ߵ³ߵ̨ҪôǾڴ˱£·ϱ£ǵ
ôʧɫйŮڵŮæְ˽ŵҪŮ
ŮȴȥһǶֵܣ
תͷ˳ȥ
һʼȷʵŰ棬ܿ췢ⳡǿõġѰڱϣϵȻȥ̧ˡӳأǸۻʹ಻ţֻҪϣû£οһɻǾһ˿Ϣ
Ǿͱҵ˻ᣬѰȸ˳ϣӶϣѹסȻԼݳ˵Ӳֻˡ
ݳ˿һۣͷˡ
ȥ˼Ӻ󣬳϶Ҳ˳Űһ굽һţһǲϣ翴׼ˣѰӵĲϸóӵʮְȫҲû˿õ
ͰӺϣòϵŸһ죬ˡ
˺ܾãõΪԶҲߵʱ򣬳ˡ
ҵҡһ£ǰʻΧһжڱ仯ǰ˺ǰľӳ
ߣߣߣ
˻ܣųشߴ٣ߴٳߣ˿ϡ
ûܵϳŮ˵æɾᣬסеİų
ԽԽ죬Źʻȥ
ߵڳҡһΣҪˤȥŵôУץסңץסң
ŮǲǽסڵǱס˴ˣſڳڡ
м˱סѹڳϣһֱץסڵʡ˵ס塣
ǰʮƥųܵ÷ɿ졣
һҧͷ۵ỨֱæѴңҪ죡Ҫ˵ҧסģ
йŮҲҧԼˣ˰취ͷҧסӻ
ԯҲˣڳԯϣһ濴ʲô߳ڵˡ
쵽ˣҪͣˣȰ
һ⻰˶Ͻץ
ʼٶȣֱͣܿ˴ߴſ߿ߡ
ôˣôˣŮˣ˵ǶŹˣء
ȻŵĳݶҪ̲飬һһ˶˹ţ滹೵ˣҪ̲ɾ鷳ˣ˵ڶ鲻أǻֽǸϽߡ
ĳҲܿܳ˹ţһ⣬ǰʱ
û˰ӷӿ棬ȫǻĵأݶûС
ŮҲ⿴ģǴųȥģŰ
˷޷޲ƽ˵֪Ǽߵġ
ΪʲôǴ
ǵģ
ͻȻУץסĸ˵һûȥݱĸ󰡣
ĸҲǰҪȥݱģղǸˣ
ĸæȥʻǵˡ
ȥ³һλ򣬵û
һˣòײ۵ˡ
ҡͷ˵ûҵ
ĸô찡
һ·ǡ
·йˣû濴ˣׯҲһʹŮǶﰡǶôһ˶
ŮЦյȻ·ϰ
⸽ûдУȻ˰
ʧ˵һ뿴ʲôء
ĸ˵ῴģͣʱܿˡ
棺ʲôʱͣĸҲ֪˵ܻͣģǴʳˮҲҪôء
ȻǺܿͣˣΧҲûˡ
һ֧׷ͣǣĸżˣ֪ǳʲô¡
ǸǵĴǸžһģͣйҪǵġ
Ϊʱûм飬׷ġ
˿ǾͲɡ
ĸæ˵ʱ̫æûݱһֱĲѡ
һȻˣǾڰݱɡ
˲ų̈¹
ڹŮĸ£ڼ̨ǰףһ󣬶ķ򣬿ںĸ°ݡ
Ϊ֤
ʱ棬һСͲУŪӣ֪Ҫδãĸŭ·æҲܴ͵ǾͷԼ߰ɣ
ˣߵĻôܸϰڳϰɡ˵СͣҲ󡣡
˳Ůǰĸ߰ʱûҵǶֵܣԭǶء
ϲ̫ˣΪûءĸü󵨡ˣڡϣǼƽϡ
ЩʳˮȥŮѾȥˡ
ӱסҪ̫ˮˮҪʡźȲС⼸򶼺ˣҺˮˡ
ڣˮݸȡ
ӺһھͰѸס
˵͸ˡ
ڻֲ弸ôС
˵Ҳǡ֪ôˡ
κС
ܷǿڸཹŵڵϣ밢ҾԶ޼
ܷ˵ôˣѾԶˡҰɡ
鲻֪Ҫܷţֻȥҡ
˵㷢ģȥǡ
ܷǵͷҷģҲȥҹ
˵վͷſ㡣
ٹһ͸ȫˡ
ܷǱ۾ĵٵһ졣


491 ʧ֮
ҹ, ܷһֱš
, , ǰİ밢鶼šÿˮһÿȥ, ζϽ⿪
, ܷǲòϣ̹аӸӵ
ӵǱ͵³ģ֮, Ҳû뵽ܷͺڣΪû뵽ӻᱻժǹòκ׸ֱ˼
ֻ˵ժǹĲ, ̫޴³һ֮ӣҲԸ⵱κ̫ӡ
˵, Ѿϳ˰밢鶼ǲܼ, ҲղܣֻңǼѡ
Ϊȡˣܷǵס
밢Ļ, ܳȥ, ǻȻϷſ
ܷǽ֣Ҳ̽˵ᣬ֪ȥ³, ɽ·Զ಻ܵΪֻҪˡ
죬κûءֻҪǷſȥ׽ذ׾١
Ϊ˲˷ܷǾװýǲͣĿ˷
⣬Ҳ氢ӵշ˵ġ򣬰ӾܵõͣҪǣƽʱҲӸô׽˵
ȥΪ
԰԰鼸ȻչˣƽʱҲֻܽΪʹӣ⼸ӱһ
ȰѰץƽϡҪˣҲѡ
̫߸Ѿг
һشǼžģﵱ˵ĲˣҰޡ
Уܷǰ죬ʹѾǰͷȴȻҷɣһȥʱʱҧһѡ
ǰڶǰ밢顣ֻϿ˭˭СܷǲӦǲͬĸġ
ʱһ˯һѣһһĬܿСˡ
ΪΪס
죬ܷǱܼҼ׺˳ȥ˰죬ȴȻϡ
ܷǾ֣ʱ˿̣㰢밢ҪЧҰӣˣҲòݡ
˶ûа׽Զ
£˲ܼŵˣֻǶ˵ʲô
˵ܷ˼ţ
ߣĳҶɳ𣬾׷ܼңɱ˲ܼ¡
߶пܡ
ܽͰ밢Ҷ̬ȣԼΪʲô԰ôҳϡУһ֮ͬˡ
ܷǱ۾װ衣
ͻȻ侪ˡҪͷۻԵҷһѣѣڣûܡ
⼸˽濴Ųܷǣ粽롣ǲûˮûûȻܵĸɱֻ׳伢
Բ¶ٶһֱ˶ݶˡ
鿴棬Ŀ̵ֱͷĨᣬҡҡλεĳȥһŻưҳȥˮˣȥȵˮٳװɡ
ȥİ飬ֻҴϴ˰ֽˣպÿڲܷǰŵæȥʲôҲһ԰ףŲܷ˵ҽˡ
ʣ˰ɡ
һ˵ҪܵʲôĥŻ˶ֻ֪һһɱһˡǰһ˰죬᲻ɱأ
ҹ飬ҡҡڵϵĲܷǡ
ܷǲ
һţιھ̡
ܷԲ
һŵ죡ɿ
ŶŶҲ˻ֻŽŵҪѲܷϲ⿪
ǵʱ򲢲ôˣΪȫѲܷǲһ
ڽȻҪ鷳Щ
ǲӶ⿪󣬰סܷӴ˽ᣬǰӴġ밢鶼ΪסˣȻҲͷҲҲβһӺ񶼲ԣᶼԽԽ
˼ͷȫǺ
ͻȻ˵ҡȥˮˮԣ
˵ܳȥһͰˮŲܷǾȥ
ܷǱ˸ţѡˡ
ͿԣȻһӡ㱻˹ˮ㣬ϾҪ
¸ⲻˡ
ܷǴ˵Ӹ
ܷһһֱ
Ͱ⼸춼ûȥ˵ڲŽȥãóֲ֡
ܷ̾
߰Ҷ֣
䡣
ӿˡ
˽ŵģֵġϵģһ˿һ߰ѽ£ȥܷǡ
ǰһұһŶԶѾܷڰ鲱ϡ
ܷȫҪˣֺȣ˫Ŀ
ŭĴУɱңɱҰ
Ҫҹɱңɱң
ܷ̾ǶҵĹѪô֣
ֱУ˵˵ɱ˵мˣ
ܷǣ˵ʲôҲšˣպз԰˵ӰѰ
Ҿŭȴ޿κΣͼڰ鲱ϣҲ
ѰܷǵӼ˰顣
ܷ˵ڣͰ鵽ȥ
ֱŰ飬ߵ档
ܷŹؽ˨Ȿӵġ
ܷվǰ˵˷ģվͻˡȻѽӽȥߺԼɡ
ﺰҪȥ׷ӺͰҪȥ㣬߰ɣȥ³ɣѵһֱ𣿡
ܷ̾˿תˡ
κܷǣ˵ġ̫ӡˣġˣԼĳȥ³ˣʧЦŵµ̫ӣı
ľ֪α顣κǰûƴΪ̫ӡͻȻôƺʲô⣿κܷǣȥвܷǼȥ׷̫ӡ
̫û׷ֻܷԲá
ܷ
ǰǣһǱܹҪҪϴһܷѰ̫ӣͷ­Ҫˣϴʲô
һߣڼ˰գǺĲһ
ڳʹŮֱĲؤ
Ůҡͷǰǰա
ɴۣЬҲûУ·ȫǲ
ŮʧЦؤ·УᲹˡ
ܾС
ΪؤǰգôôôСôأ
Ķǰе˰ɣĸ˵иˣǧĶʹū澣ӹúüˣءˣҲǿܳԵñѡ
ȥ
ǵĶͣ˾ǺԶĵطǡ
˵ǲɧŰգг̫Ϊѡ
룬һǽ˳ǣ̫һҪдǣô˳ԳԺȺȵģǻǶһǮִҪȥǷҪ˼һǮƵġ
ôһ˵ͲˣֻøŶͣֻɴǣͨ¡
˵̫ػǻһЩģȻ̫أ·Ҳʾһ⡣
ڴڹûչڱѡȥ̨󣬴һЩ
ĸ˵˲ѸﶼΪжѡͷҶ͸ҵĶҪ͸͸ҵĶҪ͸һ򲻹ǲͣԼȥˡ
ĸ̾ʵ̫۸ˡ
ͷҲ۸ɡҲ֪βܲ۸
һȥͺü첻ǵĶôͣš
סڳϣӶ㡣ѡлǰʲôʱǵġҲҸ˵Ҳֻ֪ƵƵǣýǲҪ
ĸ˵һǱдţţϳ
˵ôأ磬ȥʣ
ǰȥҴѯʡ
ϣ򲻵Լˣһֵˡ
ݼԳһūӹߣץ˵ġ
еİĸ͹Ůȫʧɫ
˼ûʣʹ֪䣿סĸ֪
˵Ǿ͵ˡ
ʱѾ˳Ϳ
ǿʼˣ
Сĸ͹Ůô죿ô죿ĸ˵˺ǲܽѵҵˣһ˵ǹĴ
Ů˵ȥ˸
˵ס
˼ƶ˳λȥһȺ
ſλͲСˣ㲣˺ܳʱ·
˲ߣȥãȲˣǰ׵˾棬Ʋˣ
ܷǿСͨôƵúܣҲڹдġ
ҲһԻյȻǹ⣬Ǿһȥɡ˵գŲܷ߹ȥ
˿˷١
˻˴֣Ҳϣֺù
˶ˣġ
ھҪ֮ǰҵˣ
ܷǲ֪ŶˣҲ֪δ硣аڣǸ͵ĺǲܵ˵ģֻҪҵ˰һҵӣ
ϣв鵽¸鲻
ͻصȥˡ
ܷվڶĿɿڴ
ԱЦɲҲ㰡˵ӸûжǴӱˡܷһʱ֮ҲãȻˣ
ͻȻһطû
Ǿǹĳݣ
վڹĳǰ˵Ҫ빫ϳ
ųڵİô죿ô죿
ŮǰѰˣ˵ֻҪӵõν
ЩûҵڹİҪ¶ˣ
ĸϽǰɢͷ·齣죡װ˯
̶㵽ϣ룬ѰҲС˵˵
ͷס졣
ܷǵһһ˳˵Ѿ˯ˡ
ܷǣ
˺üĿò֪ˣ£
æǰԲˡˡȻ²ܷǣѵ㻹Ѳ鹫ĳɣ
ܷƶڳڣ
ԥһ£ҡͷȻڴˣҲð
˵ף˴ӵǲܷǣǹͲܷû飬Ϊ﹫
һպڷ̨˻ʵ۵ĳ谮ð֮ǲ
ţܷǵûܵ


492 
ܵ³
ǲܷΨһͷ
ǹϹĳ, ߷һѻ𣬰ѹĳˣӳʱܿûаˡ
ٺҲûá
Ǹסˣһͬǰκǰʿǲҵ̫ӣ˵, ǲܷǵ, ܷ겻ȥ޹ذ
ңкܶ˰Ͳá̫ӡһȥ, ǰʿд඼Ǹҵӵܣǲؿʲô, ֻҪԲܷǵɼأܷš
Ұº, ǵٶȾͼӿˡ
Ǹ˵ǵǵг̣ܷȴ֪Ǵ˼ˡ
֮ǰ׷ذӣòԴ̹ʵ顣վ˻ع, һ̽ڼ˻ˣǴ˹ϢҲ빬е˽ʲô
ôͻȻӿ·ٶȡ
Ҫӿ͵³, 뿪κ
ܷ̾, ͬͬ, ̲סʳһ仰ĪǴϧӣûлش
ܷǲôȥκ⣬룬ֱǰ뱲Ӹ˸ĸ, ӵܣ뱲Ҫһϣڰϡ
ûκܸԸ̫ӡԶ֡
벻ǣ̫ӡѾֺκȻԸ̫ӡ
ʣ
ںġ̫ӡȻô׵ûˡ
ϣܼӣ˵κ̫Զʤ³һ֮ˡ
ڹĶУӴֻܲеĴۺʹӡ
ӾЩм䡣
ûƣ˻ŮһҪഺòѧʶԨ̡ܷ۾Ǹɴֻģʲôɣʲô˶ָʹǡ
ЩֻѲ˺͹ŮۼĵطԴֻǲݲݼһ顣ǵ̫ӡǲġ
ʱÿ춼ԶԶĿһ۲ܷǡ֪˲׷֪ΪʲôһֱŹĳݡ
Ϊܷڶûҵ˺뿪ȥңû뵽һֱˡ
Ѱˡ
ӿʱһֱû֪ڳʱˣ˻԰

ʲôԵʣ֮ǼӺ˰һҵһֱϣֲһԣѰĵϰΪܵܣܹøһ㡣ƽص³ףһ˵°ӵġ
һû
ΪԼһᱻץȥץԺ󣬹ӦûѰ³ĸĸ˵һֱĻĸͿչ˰ˡ
Ȼðһգʱõ⡣
ûбץסȴ˹ĳﶯá
ܷǡ֪滹Ϊأ
ͷһͻȻһ£ȥԷɡ
ΪͷϾΪͷûʲô˻ɡκ˵úܺãһ㶼
˸ۣܷ˵κʱǻ˵ֱڣܷǶ֪óκ
ӵһֱûãһֱǵδȻÿδʱۣҲ֪ԺָܻܲҲҲ꣬һˣܷϳͻˡ
ڣõĺңһסҡͷ۾һֱŰѩ׵ĵģ˵ʲôζˡ
ֱ֣סʿˮûסѵιˡ
ĸ̾˵Ҫڶûʳ
Դ⼸칬Ůϴ裬ֲ·ϣһӴˣһС˱һСӡ
ĸ͹Ůˡ
ĸɣòֻ²ˡ
⣬ҿҲǶôɫ
ĸ𣿡
ҡͷȻ񰡣ȻǰżգͰȫͬ
ĸ˵òòֹ϶ѡ˵ţǣָֽϸָԲϳһЩС˿ڡС֮⣬ƵȻ۽ǣа˫㣬ֺֺһ޶㱳ѩƽʱǲЬӡֽаٿб֮
ĸſֺ󣬰ܵһ߶ˡ
ˣĸ˵Ӿˡ
ãȻѵǴӣ
ĸҡͷҲܡ˵ǸܹҵǴӣɰ˶ŻˡͲԡ
ĸ²⣬ҪߵӦʲôܣܣԲܹ˵Ǻ£Բܹٽ֮Ѳˡ
ǡѵҪǽȥвУȥĻǲܹ֪ô죿
ĸҲиǵ²ðǶԵİ֮ǰֻ˵ȥ³С£Ӷǵİȸһ¡ڷ£̹Ȼˡ
ĸ˵Ȼܳϣ
һ˶ҧزŲܷǽҲϳˡ
װǲܹ˵ԼóҽԸ˵ȣݲţ֮ǲܹ
ÿ춼Ҫһ취ܹʣµʱǺǸʲôͰͬе˭ʲôֺ֣׾ʳˣ֮ͬ˵֣ס죬ôҲ˵
Խ˵Խ棬뷽跨ҪʡǴˣֺֻȰƭȴʼղЧ
·į֪ʱܵ³֮ǰÿ˳һǵ³𣿡Ͳˡ
ֱ죬ͻȻóұ棬·𶼺ܿ
йŮס齺ӡùüˣǸܹûдģ
ǰӴĳ
ö࣡ö෿ӣö׷ӣƷӣûô෿ӣվŮĸæסҪǾҪȥˡ
ǵģǰƳǲ룬ȴֱǳȥˡ
ּֽţױ磬ϴĸһǼ̫أô񣿻Ҫ˵ʲôأĸҲֻý
ʱ˻˵ǰ򣬶ǸС
УʲôǼУĸУôļУ
ĸĽ֪ͣо˻㼯һг
Ǽ˵ģ˻ᱻܻϡ֮
ֻһ˻ˡ
һֱΪǺٵһˡȹҪٵö࣬ȰҪ١ֻôʮ˰ɡ
ж˰ǰѾԽԽӴƺһȥ߼ʵгĳлҪ
ĸˡŮҲ쳤ӿǰ޴ļС
Ҵûô̶ӣôļСĸ̾˰
˵ѾҪ³ˡ
Уǰ죬͵³ˡ
³ڶ࣬ΪժǹϲˣҲϲסĹС
κһ˶뵽³ȥҲԸȥ³
ǽӽ³ôһԷļС
һһΣһʮ죬ｻ
ôļУеĺܶ˶ˡ
Ҳĸ˺͹ŮȥгתһתһЩٸѧһѧ
ҲԼȥһЩ֮
ͣ£׼ȥݷü³غ̣ܲȴһ³£ҵ·ϵ³ž͸ˡ
̾͹ȥ³˶մֵĲ¡û뿪κѧҲֻȥߣ͹ȥ³̨̨ﶼ֪һ˶ʶʱܲѹĳ̨ſһͣŰɣ
Ҳȥģ֪Լȥ
ŰڳϷһ˵֪ǵˣʲôö
ʱһһ˴Ӻ
ҪУ¶ŶǸ˲ˣ
ţǰİӣ
һˡ
Ѿס죬һס죬һȥץס˵֡
ʲʲô۾ɴˡ
ٶ׵ˣǴӣ
ӱסȶ԰ǳʩһһڣ˰Ļ
ùá˵
㡢ô
ӷùãҪȥҵĸԣʲôõĵģ
ӦҲ֪ҡͷУ㲻ȥǡ
ӹ£ùþңڹУѱùȥ³һмùã
ô˵˲뵽ˡԣ󡭡йôˡˡ
ڹеȷ˵ж
ǣдοӡ
ҡͷҲҸΪǳΪһТ˳ĶӣָΪԼôأǾТ˳뿪ɣ̫֮¸λô߷ڵѡ񰡡
ô˵Ҳе
ͣúܸж
ĸ󣬰㣬˵˵һͨ󣬡ǾͰ³ȥɡ
ĸ


493 ³
ˡõκѾ³Ϣ
߾нפ, ǰϢ˻
פҲſʼġеľӲ֧Ű³ΧٵפϵıܣΪıפֳǺͷǣˮҲر, ⼸ֳǵʺҪ֮ء
ĿǰפǶԼֳ̫Զı߳ǵв;档, λӡ
˼ǣа˵ʮһֱڸ֮ߣΪһ, פһ£Ȼݵ, ȥһǡԴƣ
³ȫ
ĿǰнȽϵĵط, һ֣ǹǽȻԺС, Ҳܱ֤֣ûˡ
һκˡ
Ѿһɢɰպһ˳֣Ҳ, Ⱥ, Ϊ
, ǻѴľڹڣо鷳
³˵õˡ
κ
κ˸, κƺΪӲǰɷɲסˡ
ľɱ
͵κ˸ʴʮǵĵײЩСٸʴϹ٣Ȼɷӵ˸ǵϲС
ƺһж˳
Ϊ𹫷˽ĶǱԵˡ
ȣ̫ԼĵϵǾôġԼǽǰ
Σ磬ɱʵǲҪɵġվԽߵλϣɱԽɡ
ƺ仹κһСæ
֮κɡ硱µĳ̫ضȻκɱһˣ̫ˣκľ˾ˡκԼš
һκԼ׾˾Ŷɱˣǿ϶
ЩҲʼԲ飬Ҽ飬˲ͷ
мǵ̫Բְأ̨ˡ
κһӹ£ϣջȻһ¡
ʱŷκѻ±˺¡
ڴ˼ˣٻԼˣ
ʼκѸˡ
ӢѰһ˺޵
仹ǵκһţʲôʱ˵Ҫģ
мǲһţ
ҡͷûţֱӾˡ߽˼һ£ǱֱӰִˡ
ʣҪҪȥӭһӭ
Ӧáͷ
ܽκ³ײȻ˵͹ģһһҪǼֲܴ
лֱͻȥ³Ȼ³ʿ͡
ͷȥ
һжʮˣˣǵ˷ǣͱˣǺ󣬷ֳʮ෢
ǽͽһµĴ취
ֻܿ˵ʱһȥ󣬴ĿĵأʱܻᳬˣҪ֪ʱͻᴫʧ
˵ֳǳڣҪľǽߵ˴һҪģ˿ЩϣҪģ͸Ϲȥˡ
ֻΪʾ֣ء
ľһ㶼Ǹžһߣǰûͨһأһ֧һأҪ͹ȥǵǰɱԾֱӽеڶӴȥˡ
ʱҲһ֧ӻһߴţһ߻
Ϊ࣬Ǵûд
ڣѽֳǣȥˣеľ뱣֤׼ȷ͵ԷС
ǰˣһ˴һ˱ա
̫٣Ҳ̫١˵᲻ᶪˣΧɱô죿ʮҲհ
ֻñ취ԽԶԽࡣ
Ҫ͵³һͷȥԶˣÿʮһ飬˫һ·ˡ
ÿһ˶Ѿ͵ĿĵأĽյ̳ʮһˣͱ׷顣
Ȼ̫ⷽˣûһȡɻʡĵطȫԼǿ˾ˣûиİ취֮ǰȫԵһ
ֳǶΪ
ǿţʵָ
ӿдʫˣȫҪȥЩѾðˡνġʫнųɶ䲻ͨʲ⣬ʣµһǿѴʾдͨ˳ܹж
ȫдʫĻ֪еԼдʫԼģ
Ȼӵܡ
дʫϲõ䣬رǹżžһң˭ûиپؾأˣζҲζϳе֡
ϣ᳭
Ǻܶӵдʫȥžġʾ䡱ժǵʫУȻѡһƵգмó԰һô֮ǰǾû뵽Ҫʶ
̫˷ˣбԵʣ
˵ʮǲԼʫ󣬲ɵȥʹ㡣ϾЩ£ʵǲ
˵ǶЩëӣϲͷһЦˣطϡ
ʫⶫȻҪܲðȻд˹Ҳ޶ȣʾҲС
ҲȫǱ֮ˣӵġ굽ҪԼдʫһչŻˣһףڣѴ䣬һξͳԼˡ
ԼҲҲҫһ棬ҼеģǶûУҲ˾ѵã䣬ֻܴʫеһпˡ
ȵȣôģΪʲôһֶʶ
ЦˡϾĹģö඼׹ģƽʱòĻϲҲ֡
ǣӵܻͿЦˡ
ԣԼˮƽѧʲʵټӣͻӡ
ȷʵֻ˷Ц
ΣصĹƷûѾйˡǻü󳵣ڶͣйһ࣬ĿǰߵһѾ¥ˡ
ʣµĳҲ󣬹ߡ
ͷ⳵Ҫƥöߵÿ
ֳǸҲΪǸģΪ
ԼΪ̴ӵҲйˡ
ֻһ̨ܽЩô
ΪЩͰѻʵ۸أû뵽ǶԻʵۻôȡ
˶ˣҲͨ˵Ŀ﷢֣ǵУʵǡˡ
ɡ
һ˿ΪֻĻʵ۵ƨȻʵ۲ڣʶķǺġ
һٶͬС˵ʹסˡ
˳ɵˣŻʵɡ
ʵȥ̥ȥɡʵ˼䵱ʵۣɶ˵Ĵˣ۰
һǰᣬǷǳ۰˵ģŮ
ԣʵۼңҲǹ¡˻ʵ۵Ĺģ˼һ𶼴Ե˻ʵۺͿԲȥɡ
ŷ֣۵硣
һֱΪΪ˺Ūͨգҡû뵽ǣ൱һҲɡ
ΪҪȥʺˣҲʼšŮˡ
˵Ϊ˵ʺ󡣶Ů³Ϊ³ࡣ
ţʵе۵˺ܶ࣡
ԣ׵ȨȷʵˣҲǺܴջԶʤȨ
οҲеũʿΪ˿ȥֵضټˣΪҪʺˣԼҪһȥ̨
Ϊ˴һ֧
Ϊ˹
һһϵвͣŮ°ݵĶŮȻҲ˰
׵ֿˡ꣬ع̾Ϊ˵ɲϲɫʹˡ
ǲУ֣ǱߵĵػҪο̨֣ܰȥ
ֱֲӾֻܾܺȰҶԹԾãֻҸ̨ʱôӹȥȸصģұ빫̨¡
οҲѪģдʫһֱȥ¶˾ҪΪԣýȥ̨ȥ
οĺܿ
һЦãһ治òװԵýʿָصĵأ֣ǱߵĵӦҲܳ൱ʳˡ
Ϊкη
㶢ʱˣοˡ
ְޡһ󣬵Զˣ̧ͷڼЪ졣ֻҪԼϯˡ
һص£˵ģš
ڵĻʵȢޣࡣ
Ҳ˵ûһڣ»֮ҹҲûа
ǹ𻹺ܳԾΪҪ
ΪŮǷడ
ΪףЦһӣǷҲǴҲ̫ˣ˵ڼǰѵûĶȡӵķģӰĶûеӣֲӰűˡ

ʼʱԽԽˡ


494 ֮鴦
ܷǱ³֮⡣
û뵽ģ
ĳӿ³߾ʱ, ǿ߳ǣѾнŶӭˡ
еĴһܷҲһ
Ǹһ˶ġ
æȡκĹ飬֤Ϊ¿Աӭȥ, , ȻǾ͵Ӫسǣʿ, Χ
ȾŭʽǺεǿˣκĹΪƾ֤ǰǵ˵, ƱҪϵ³ȥҲҪκһ
ҲŲæ, ³Ĺһˡ
˵κ, ǣҪǵݰҪ, Ȼд, ǽ³, ܾǾͱתͷκȥ
˵ö¡
˽, ǻ뱨ء
ߺߵʣνأ
أǰԱһһǼ
ÿһˣϵ£µʹÿһ˶ҪǼ硣
ÿһߡԯߡݵȶҪ壬󳵣СҲҪһһ¼
ҲҪ򿪲飬ϡס֬һ©
ĿɿڴˣЦҹ˺ֹǧЯɽһߣһ¼Ҫǵʱֻûضǲء
ǲ꣬ǾͲߡֻеǼĶܽ³ģֻ
򣺡
ǣؿʼˡ
˳̫شųЯǰ򣬵鿴ҲҪ뽫ͨݣ빫ʹǣ衣
ֻ̫ЦҲ޷ˣֻս˵ģԱѼ
ܷǾڴʱ⡣
ţκĹ֮⣬ҲԱȻеȫѺ͵ӡϵȻвܷǵ֡
˼Ҳϲܷǵܷ̫֡ӵģϹϵ
ǣȰܷҪôԼ취³Ҫôʹظǲзġ
ܷǵȻˣæܼһ档
룬ǵͷ
úȤûʹǰֻкʲôǰǰմأԼҲ죬ֵġ
˵Ϊ£Ϊġĸ˵Ϊ֮ǰһ̳ϷΪãǸľزˡ
ĸ̾СʱǺһ𳤴ġСŮסһ˯һһмįηӵŮҲݵʱ顣
ǸСŮʧݵҲˡ
Ȼδ˼ĸʱξ£ɵ˵
ϡһǵãСʱȷʵҽ㣬ӡҲӦһá֪ĸֻһӺ󣬾ǿչĹŮ
ڲ֪ԭôһϦΪ顣
ŮǵǼȤˣڼû֣еļǵü縸ĸϣеǵãɵΪϡ
еΪԴ㡢㡢Сöúܣһȫͬ
Ҳ˵֣ɬá
ǵɶǹең潿Сϼ份Ȥ
ǽū׶಻ʤҲаɵȡ
ΪûôðɣϽӳеһȺӣһȫڣеĻ˫ѾͷأͯŮͯһƬ߷ֵֽ빣ЬףվһУǰںöӣһʹһǼǣдȫ
һ֣ϰϳһûУŭСԱţʥ͵ֽ빸ˤˡ
ԣֽùСӣЦ³³֣ûֻöͷֱĿŭ
³֣ҲѰ³ʿӵõֻ˸ͷˣֶҲ£
û뵽³־Ȼͯʶ֡
Ǵ˳ǡΪǣ³ƿˡ
³˾پͲЦ£
ʼ컹һֱϷˣȥݷһµغǿܲ͵׽飬ýȥ
ˣ̫뵱ص˶ҡͷ˵УΪǱؽؽڴĵһͱְµıҲ˶ˡ
ˣǴ󽫾
󽫾Ҳʣ³һ󽫾
һɣѵסǵȥ·Ǹ³йأ³ֳʲô£д󽫾ǡ
ɴ뵽κ³֮Ĺ顢ƣһʱ̫࣬⣬Ȼ벻ѹ財ؼȥˡ
ֹʮգˡ
˾ȥϢɡ
ʣдʲô
˵Щǵĳȥֳǡ
ô೵ⲻΪ˵
ֳɵĳãҪҳ
˵ɵӣ˼˵Щ˹ȥǵĶǻ͹ȥǵ˶Թˡ
˵Ŷǲ̫
ȥ飬ʴȣ˵ڴˣǴ˵ؼªдùҵȰѹ͹ȥûеǼľ͵ȵǼ߰ɡ
ʧɫΪ⽫ҪˡΪڵǼȫˣûǼǵȫҲ˵κ׼ļױ͸ء͵ﶼںءЩҪǽ͹ȥ˭֪󽻻Ļʣ٣˵򲻿ɣ
ֻ֪ͨɲҪ˵ġѴУ߾ȥ׼κˡ
дεвǰ׳⵶
һߣ˵ڿˣ³µʱһһֱĻ᲻ᱻ³ϻȥ
ĸġ
˵Ҳ֪ᣬǻẦ°
ʰӣ³𣿲ԣ϶Ǹʲôˣʴ𣿺˵𣿺𣿡
ϹöˣҲĵˣϻ۾ףǰ氮֣Сʱûٱĸѵء
ָˣ𣿹ôѵģӣôѵƨ
ѽĴƨ𣿡Ҳᱻ˰ƨ
ժǹ
ŵϲ᲻ұӣᣬҲĸӲûҡĸֻ᲻ϲƭˡ
æĵһԹ˵ٻ
ʱѾʼˡ
ȿסκݵλã˰ѳϵԶеУֻйŮ׵˿Ը곤˶档
ܷǺܿ췢æȥҴ򣬷ִ򲻼ˣĴ˶ڣ˵ֻ˵ȥˡ
ܷ۾һֻ´Ѿ˸ˣ
ź£ֲţɣģ
ܷǽ˿棬㿴Ѿ˸ˣǴѾôѵҪһֱ湫ֻҪĴ£Ⱥ˴
ˣֱֿ࣬־ֺޣۿĳȥһһߺǺˣǻҪȹȹ
жʱ
౻Ͽ˿ʼߵĹӿȥ
һˣæˣκ߽Կɱ
־£Сĸô˵ҪңĸҲһҪȥȥ
ĸĴӳȥû߶ԶͿʿӿһСõϳҪжͼȡ£ڳڱùҪ³ʲôغ¡
ĸŵվվסˣϳ԰˵˵Ҫ泳£㲻Ҫ¶ͷ
ʱһŮУɱˣ
æĹûпͱɱˡ
УҪҪɱҪɱȻ³ǰȥ
ĸҲò³ȥ׷סϻس
ҪɱҪɱ
Ϊ׵һС˾һƣ԰˵˹Żǣײ˵ллĴ̿͡һǸֱ治ЩǻģЩǺõġ㲻Ҫһߵˣ˵ҪܣԹԭſ£־͸ʱܿ˭ǻˡ
æͷߵпһȦĸϣ̣Ů٣Ҳ̣ףˡ
˵ҡ
Сҡͷǧأһйһȡ˹Ͳˡ
ĸʱվ˵һֱ̺˶ʶҡ
С˵ˣһͷ˹ȥ˷ģҪˣҪʹ֮
Ǳ˸˳ֻܿĸСŵǰȥڳΧǸɾ֮⣬ǰ治ԶͶǵµˡ
µֱᡣ
Ůȴڳ￴һȦŵö԰˵ӺǸСͯˣ
ʲô
ŮĪǴ̿͵ĿĲǹǴӣվô죿ҪϽǰŮסУ˵˵˵ĻȻκ̫˽ӣ̫ˣᱻǧָ
һʬУӻסһſڵϣš
ղŹ˶˳ȥ֪ˡȻܷǲץݣȻǳҾ֡
ڳڣһᱻܷǷ֡ʱ³ûа³ص˲ܷǴκ
һ˵ص˲ŭκأ޼ƿʩˡ
ܱ˷֣䲻ܱܷǵ³κ̫ӡ
ҪСС
ͷָ㿴
ӿ˲ܷǣǣǱȥ
˼Ƭ̣°ȥȥͻأúöţһ㡣
˵꣬Աߵһ֦ϼǱ˹ȥ
ܷԶԶŹǱߣһﺰʲôǰѾĺ󽥽پˡ
ʱ䲻ˡ
ǰȥͻȻһˣһߵȥܿһۣһϼ˽ȥǵһͷˡ
Ҫ㡣
ܷкһȴ㲻ɵץס˴ˡ
һƣȻ̫ӡ
ܷһۣЮŰӾҪӡ
ʹȭͷػ˴ַܷץסһڵϡ
ѣɲܷǵֻһֱץסš
̫ӣ̫Ӳβϻع̫ӾȻųû˿ҰģΪ̰ͼݣԸһ֮ӣӴһûû֮ˣܷǴ̫ӣң޷аӣҲ޷̫֮λ곤ˣԿɵȵȥ󣬼λΪһչǺҲҶԻ̫ӣ̫Ӳ𣿡
ӱ˵һ϶ϵľͷˡ
ܷΪ˵æ̫ӣĳĸ̫ӡ̫һȥʲôֻҪһТ˳պȻῴ̫ӵТ˳֮Ҳ֧̫Ӽλġ
ͻȻһڲܷǸ䣬߿һ˳ȥ
վߣҳˡ
˵۲ΰԣǷ˲ҲһСӣûôҪҲԺסţҲҪĸףҲҪɱҵֵܡ
ǰҲõܲȥκܼѣֻҪ˴һжֵõġɵ̤κļκᵽ׸Ļʲô˼֮ͲҪˡ
ĸ׺ֵȫǵˡ
ԸҪҪֵܣڸ׵ļõĸǲǲҪǲһΪ̫ӣǲ¡ֵܣҲطҪɱˣԼܻ
˵ˣܷæȥ׷׷һ˴ܶܲˣֻŽڵŲ
ܿ죬ӾܵòӰˡ
ܷԭصһò׼᲻صҲ˵³³ˣ³Ҳ¡
ѵİ̫Ӹˣ
ԭص˺ܾãȵʿǴɨսͻصߡ
סСʣأҡͷҪٻȥȡ
˵Ƕ죬ǡ˵ǣ̫ӱ˵Ļ
װװ죬ʵװȥˣٴγ
ߺ󣬴űųȥ׷ͷֲܷزΪѣֻż˰ѲܷͻκԼȥ׷
Բܷ˵ɱ·ϰ
ܷạ̊́ҡͷ̾ЦġͷѾڳˣҩҲϹˣūˣҩͻˡ
ֻ̫ӣ֪ںδ
ھӵľūУ󷹵Ĵʰ˸ӡ
ͷ񱳹ȥ
Ŷһ˴Ӧţˡ
һʣģ
˵˵ֺˡȷʵֺǱߵġ˵ǱˣԼһؼңһȷʵͦģʹˣҲܸɻˣʳ


495 
, һյ龰ºռʬ׶ѳɽвٶֶϽŵڿ޺š
ڶ˯һ۾Ρ
º󣬽˵, µòҼ, ֻĸȥѯʡ
ȷʵȺйĶңΪҿĳݶˣΪ³Юִ, ԾȹеǺ±, ǶŹӿ
ϸЩлŲ֮ͽԹ, ˽ݰΧĶɱˡ
º䣬ȷʵ˳֮, ûǰɱˡ
ܳӪҲΧʿץˡ
Ǻں˵˵ѵ÷ŭҪ˽ץͷ
ĸҡͷûץȫκˣֻ˵κ, ˭, ûץ, ȥʣʣµҲ˵ˡ
˵Ȼ, Ϊ˱֤İȫ빫ٳ
ĸŹŮʹӦˣ֮Ϳʼˡ
ĸܺ£æҩιԣҲûʲôãһȥ
ĸѣ򽫾뽫ϵĳȥ湫ҽ
ȰԼеҽʿ
ĸŲʣѰҽūô湫ΣӺò£ҼҽʿɲѰˣģھпƷأӵζߣ
ĸȱĻͷΣ˵ģҽʿһ
ҽʿͽˣɾֹ࣬жȣȷʵū
Դϯӣ֮ͽܰѸɾ鲼ڵϺҽʿŽ£湫Σ뿴ߡ

⿪½󡣡
ĸסΪҪ£ҽʿԹܺĸͺܲҪԣλΣ
ֹסĸǶڣҲ⡣˵ս⿪½¶¡
ҽʿһĸһ߽һ˵ҪĶӣл
ʱЩʵӣҽʿֽȥȷʵûκʧ֮ʣǲ⼸һֱڴϣ㲻б⣿ͷһ㡣
ҽʿó𣿡ĸ̫졭
ĸһ£⼸ճԵòࡣ
ҽʿһۣҲҪⰡ
Ȼ˵ûʲô⡣ܵһ㾪ģѾˡʣµǹΪ²³⼸һֱڴװ½ⲻлֻ֮
һҩȣȻĸ氢ӡ
ࡣҽʿְֵĽĸู˵컹⣬Ǿҡ
ĸְǰԵҩҽʿùһţ޵ˣ˵ôҩԽԣԽⲻԽܡǴҩҪ»ҩˣǻϼӻ𣿡
ĸһæ򰢱Ҫ
ȻĸẦԼĸҩԣﲻ԰
ҽʿԱ˵Ҳܹ⸾ˡҩģԴ󣬾òز֮˳ˣܻһ㣬еʲôܳ԰
ڶͺˣ֮ȥлҽʿҽʿûСͽܹ㹫˵
û³¡
Сͽ˵ʦҽʿƷģй۹ñΣԺҲҪʦһƷҽʿ
ʣΪʲôƷСͽܲ˼˵ҽʿУƷƷѧͽٿһܵƷҽʿˡƷԳƹˣȴֻһЩҩҩҩĻ
ƷڽҽݣҲҽҽ
ƷͿְˣȴֻڹٰҽεҲֻͨա
Ʒÿκһ˾ͿԼǾεԽ࣬ԽߣԽ죡
һƷƷҽˣֻΣҲԱ¸Ρ
Сͽܼǵʦ˵ǰϲҽȴ֮ڿڡΪ涼ƭӵİϷ˵ǹˣй񱡣
ƾ˽Ҳüٶ¼ˡ˳Ц
ҽϣպƾҫ鹣øĸ޶ҲΪ١
˵öࡣʦͷ˵
Сͽܻ˰һϢ֮ǰЩ˵ˣֻҪǿ˵ģȱֶϽҲȻˡ
кüԴĿеΣգʦ˵ã죬˿ױ仵ܿȥǾܻȥֻˡСͽ˵
˵Ȼ˴ѾҲˣȻʱ˵мܻҪҲñ֮ǰõöࡣɴûȱֶϽŵĻܻ
ĸ˵һҽʧˡ
ͽ˵ҽʿöˣġȻлҲ԰ǮɣҽʿںȱǮأ
˵ҽʿȱǮ̴ϡ
ҽʿյؽδϲȱʳ󡪡СͽءȰͽܴһ٣Ȼؽ𻹻ȥˣ԰˵ˣСͽ˵ȱĲǮҩ
ĳҩҪһ֡죬ҩҲգһȥվˣҪֻǮ໨ǮСͽ߶˼Σͱסˡ
ҲˣǸ˵˼Σ˳ȥ˼ˡ⡱ѾǮҩˡ
Ͳôˡ
ҽʿſϰл£Ҳлڹ
˵ҪȥҹժǹģժǹԷǳˣ˲ţģժǹϧֻҪһҼҹԿǡ
Ҳô˵ġ
аԽҪժǹӺˡ
ʵժǹҲٴԣЩԶ̫󵨣̫˼ˣš
ĸǰҲȥЩʱȴò빬ŮһժǹһȤ¡
ժǹΪ档³Ұʱµĺӣĸд
ǳƽĽãƽ³֮ĸһˣʵԣժǹعĸ꣬ڹоĶഫԡ³飬ٷժǹǰҪ
Ȥš
һժǹһūòɣһڹѴū³һۣū
˲Сūǵǰūŭߡϣ⹫ٰ㸧ο
ǰһСӣԹ󣬸ãߣм빫Ϊ顣ˣ˸ϯǰЦ޼ɣ֮Ц֮ΪŮȤ£δ
˷ֺ£ͣʣ𣿻𣿡ĸֻӶйŮٶ˵һЩ
Ůֵء
ժǹȤ˵Ҳ˵ꡣ
˽ãưūˡڹпҫƸöʳҹͣȡá
Ǩ̨֪١ز֮ʱع̨Σȥһ³λ³Ҳмӡ
ĸժǹְŪȨơڴ˵Ů½ǷҪʺ󲻿ɵġĸ˵Ȼв̫Ͼ̵ĹҲпܵʺİڽ³ôһ£˭뵱ʺ󣬶Ǵȥһ
ϲⲻǸǵɻʺģҸժǹߣպڷ̨ҲصĻᱻ۸ˡ
ĸһһƢԣֻóϣ˵áǲܵϻʺġ
³󣬰ֺκشһˡ
Ϊɼա
ǳ֮ĿȥܿոţŸֶȥ
еĵطնЩһ˵ĵﲻ֪ڸʲôеĵطɫĲݣģеĵطǹͺͺġ
ĸȵ˵ءû뵽³ôũˡ
ʣʲôũˣ
ĸ˵ũ˾רֵάİգİնֵġԼֵؽ˰ģ֣˰Լãˡ
ʣض˭İĸ˵öҶеصģ߼ҡң̼ҡ
ˣǴϵˣﶼ
ĸͷ˵ԡﶼڴǼ崫оˣͶˡҲдоõļ壬Ҳвء
ǰվǼ崫вõˣвû
ٿգ͸̾ǵļҲоˣҲԼˡ
⻰˵꣬û뵽˶Цˡ
Цʲô⡣
ĸЦ⻰ˡǲмģ˵ʲôʱˣѼ崫ȥأֲˣǣղ㲻˵Ҳмܳõ𣿡ĸһ£ǶܡвŵˣöųһءͨնˣôõôΰأԭѼ崫ȥҪŻ
ڳ˵ǡԺͲѼ崫ȥˡûʲôŻ
ĸЦ˵ˡκѪֽҪȥ̨պµļ壬ǵᡣ
һ£Ҳҵļ尡
ĸӦЦԺɲô˵ᱻЦġŮӰŮмҪأŮӵְǴΰӵѪ׳ļ塣
Ȼס캦ߵҸղźͿˣﲻҪԱ˵
һ̽ͷָ쿴ǲǾҪĵطǾͿ쵽ֳ˶Բԣ
̨ϣӵţκҪˡκһ·ϡ
һˣκͻκˣѱ¡
չһͼһ۾ϳǲܷǡ
ʼֱ
ܷΪʲôðܵ³κˣ


496 
ΪԼûôס
״ڵͷ׵øˡѯʹǵǸ, Ȼ
ãֻһܰѲܷٽл³Ǿǰӡ
뵽κǴκģʼӵԸǹɵĻǵƤĻͷ۵ģ
ǰζźڿԹķΧ, ζŴû취
Ϊʼ̴İӻڶ, ΣǵڶСʱĽɣ
ʼĻɺɫ䡣, ǽӽҲ˵нܹĽͽƢ
Ͼ, ݡʼѵ
ְӺһ, κ̫ӣһ棬СԵʼﱲ, ӺͺӵûĻ
ʼԿƵİѰԼĹ⣬۰̵ֽ, ӹܲסʺС޳һӡ
, Ӳޱ, ϻ۶˼һ֪ʮ
ʼֺϵľ֣Ҳ, ҽ̵õĳɾ͸кͽֺһ
˵ûǰֻѾܻˣܷǾץġˣӦó˿ܵˡǲ֪
ʼ˵ͲǰֺҲټˣܷץȥ󣬲ܷҲܴˣӦûа֡
ԡҪܳӦСͼȥһӰɡӦò̫ԶܷˣӦþҲ£˳κĶ
ʼΪ򣬵һӭκҲ˳
ˮغ󣬲ȥڹѰ
Ѿ뿪һˣһó˰ɣûгԿͷ˵Щ
ܷûץӦαװġֺϣѧĶūֶΣҲιİϷ
ʼĿϾ֮ˡ
۲̺ܵġĿϾĲ
ʼǡҲ½˿ӵݣ߲ʲôԵʣһ֪˭˺ˣ˵ĺܺ
˶ΪѰĿϾ֮Ϊ˼̺
Ҳá
ǴҲã̴ҲգĿ˻ŵѸٱҴȺҳˡҲУȺͻᱻÿƳ
ǸᣬҸֻҶʼߵͷˡ
ʼĵҵӺһЩ˺á
߹ȥͻȻԶ۳һСͷ˹ˡ
һæȥ
ӱţţȴΪ
ӣ
죡ˣ
ΪҪܣͰץס͡
ڿʼ첽ǰѰڵϣ׷׹Զһ㣬ñΪǺһǸϲܿġ
ſڵϣסͷ
׶ӡǰʱ׿ɿˣ˴Ȼôӣ
ܷǵκʱҪκ֮ǰˣʱΪǽ׶ӡ
֪ǲǡ˿̲ǡ
֪ԼںʲôǺ¸ײҪڵӽиʧ
Ĳ³κ̫ӵ⡣ִҪص³ǴδժǹΪʼ
äĿţײ᲻Ҫܷһκһֻƶ顣
ǸϤĽŲǰͣˡ
ɪɪ
ͻȻڿն𣬱˱˻
ײϵӳ񿴵ǰֺ͵ܳȥһ۰
ˣҪˡδģҾ֪СūһѧЩûõģ۰ɣɡ
ͷʼǰס
ʼסת뿪ǰҵĴ۶𾪵ĵɴ۾
ʼЦСǵƤϹܱ˹ˣؿɻؼඣ
˲ŻȻԭӼҵĺӡ
߳ȥüӲŷſ
ʼӿŲһ㻹ޣôģܷûؽ˸סˣǸԼУԤȥңҪûǲǴֺϣҡͷֵͷûô
ʼ˵ֺϾΪ㣬κͰлˡµͻȥ𣿡ʼгΪҲ֪㣬ҪĴ澴⡭Сһ˰һ䡣
ҲǹΨһߡԸ˺СǸݼ֣й˵ΪǶߣôֻǿ۸ֻܶϧ
Ϸԣʵġ
ʼҪӻֳǣߣ͵ˡæһҪȥκһСͯˡ
ʼʣʲôС̴ͯӣ
ԥΣǲܼŹ¡
ʼһҩһ߿
ӵͷ˵Ҷֵˣʧ˸ĸˣΪūҵĹʧǻһĴңҾ͡ԽԽΡ
ʼʣδͯ
ӣҪúöҵ׵ܵ
ʼó·˵ȥϰɡ˵óҪõȥɣһȥͯ
Ӽ״Ӧˣ˵㿴һϲģ
ʼЦԭӡ
ӣӦˡ˵Ӧˣա
ʼɫ˵ʲô·Ҳˣʼǰ˵
ʼϧĿǰúӣͷ˵ãҵĶӣǸﶼ֪ˡգ㻹ǲܸġţ˹Ҳһ
ӶЩġӸ׿ܶعöˣһӡǾǹ˵ĴûдĻҲһʵ֡ŵ˵˵̫Ƿģ˵պ˶Բ˵Ƿأ
Ѿˣ˳ļ˵ǸĲգҲôҪˡ
ãȵ춼˲ŵʹߡ̶£ĸŮҲѸ´˵
ʼȴŰӣһӽԭȻˣ
ĸⲻܣһˣûûɣȻôҲߵǰȥ
û˵ֻʼ
ʼѾݹĹʲôˣû׼½ۡ
ܾ쿴Ĺû⣬ϴ߰ɣ˿һ
ãȻĿĸĸʱҲܶ˵ֻԼʣҵܴ𣿡
ʼҡͷֻ׽֮ˡ᲻࣬װˡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģǵ³ȻһжҪ³˵İš
һҲֻܵͷӦĸȥ˵Ǻ£ֽйŮȥʰʼ˵
ˣӲſڣæʣڹɣأ
ղŽûɰųһ亹
˵˯أ㲻ڣһֱ㣬һ·͵ʮأҺСܲԶͱץ
̲סվʼ
ʼͷ԰˵СͯҲҶ飬빫ȥСͯɡ
һ˲ãȻӦʹŭҴ³ˣΪʲôƭ˵Ǵӣ
ӵɴ۾һβ֪ν͡
ʼӣٿĹ
ĸﰲ˺þòŻһͿڹŮİο¿޵ʧɫæȥʣôˣôˣ³۸ˣŮץסԹҲԼҹղ˵ʲô
˵ƭģǴӣֻǸ³֮ӡ
ĸʱɫ䣺棿ŮҡͷҲ֪ʲôǶû
϶ǴӵģһǲܷˣѵͲߣǰӡС֮ԣû˻٣Ϊ˵©ˡ
һʣҲֱӳˣҲûƭˡ
ͦϷġ
Ǵܺùǰɣ
ĸͨȰҪˣһûƭǣȷʵ³йءպҪ˵޹һֱĸȰ㲻̫ˡǴʱ԰Ӷһ۶Ͽ
ȴְİǸٺòŻȥʼ
ʼڶ飬ʱģ˵ˣ˵ˣҿһΡ
ס죬Աߣǰгкȣһ飬Ҳǽģȫǻ
Ȳܴأӵɫˡ


497 Ҹ
һ, ͷԻȥ˯ˣʣĵǺͲ˲ˡ
ʼ԰һܵĽһµĸ֮ܶңҾ, , ˵ɷĸɣҲˡ
ܷǾðһǣҪ̳κ֮ҳ
κ, ȻκζԴǲǽ̫ӻǲ̫, ҪĸԸĽܣպ˻ĸܵ, ǰҲ˿ͲƽӦһһĸŶԡ
ϧ̰ǰ̫ӽ̵ġʲô̫أ֮Ǿ, ͲܸΪ£һӵĽ̵ӵǸӳ, Ǳĩá
ʼû³, Ҳûκһʼ, ͽҪԼ
ԣӷκΪ̫ӣκȥҲк³С, ܷǺУˣĵܵǳˣͻˡʱ޴ֻ¾
Żܻ
ܶˡ
κ̫֮λκ죬³ȴ׾١
Ҳˡﻻȥֳǡ
Ӵ˻Щơͷβס½⣬ûһƨڵϣڻΣ
˵ˣվ
ʼҲˣԷˣһŸɱϳŽ˳԰ɡ
ˮȶģģ׵ģ
û˵³ʳԾһڿˮ
ʼЦ··߿ȥһͰɡ
˸ѾʰˣӰѻεİϳԼҲȥʱ˲ŴӴ»
Ƕͷһҹûһ˯ŵģһֱΣȫԼˮ
ʼڳǰǰ빫ϳ
ĸδԶţʧ֮㡣˵վŮ
ʼĴʼصǣҹʱһһԵġ
ڴϷΣ˴ڵҲΣǰһн̲סôô˰ֳ𣿡ʼⲻֳǣֳ֮µķǡ
ǲûнǣǻԶĵطˮӿڣֳСӹء
ӹȫǷٵмС̼ҵ̡ӣġ
ľǹˡͳ̼ҡ
¡ʳϴ衢ͷױȵȡ
һ˳ɻͷǰ·ʿֳֵں󻤳ţ߹տжĹ㳡֮󣬾ͽгС
ߵĵ̲ǰֻҴߺȡ
жըƣͷӣġ̵ġģУ
Ƶ·ӡЬӡȹӡñӣָƣ
Ҫϴϴͷ򵥣ڵϴԶٷĹϴˣ٣ͷ͸ζĶУӶǸɾģϸղĻأ
ǰҲȲã̽ͷȥĶһͣӹ׵ģ
ʳæ͹ҪԵʲô󼦵ը̼Բɱձ㽴Ϻƣ
ʼͷȥ˵㡣ʮ飬͡
ʳ̵̾Ͱ󶹽ˣŵţ˼ˣģԼģ͹㳢ɡ
ĳڣҲˣεʲôҲԣʱҲˣĸ˵ǴǮ𣿡
ĸ͹Ů϶ЩǮǶǷһھͻ˰
ĸȰͷЪһЪ·Ͼͱˡ
ۼʳ̹ȥˣһ˫۾βˡ
ʱǰ泵ܹһˣǣĹǷ񼢶Ը³Сԣˮ߳϶ţҲá
˾ȥˣһ˵㣬Ÿ
ͼǸƣʣĸƣһµúܡ
ЦţŲţСľûֻĹǳԲߵġ
ʱʮʧһֱֳǻƵʲôζġ
ҪһμժǹҲԲʱĸŮĸһ鳤ĹŮû취ôֻԼȥ
µ÷òֲֻסĿڣͣ
ʼˣ֪ͲҪԹʲôݣֻҪժǹ˰
ǰĳӽŵĲͣĿʼ
ʼһֱĿ˼ȵ̨ǰʱŻͷ˰һۣ̾Ҫ¡֪㣬ͻȻ͸κġӱ˵£ǵĲ𣿡
ᡣʼҡͷ׵£ȻˡȻѰӴӦôӵ⡣֮ǰҪۿһӡ
ٸʾˡðʲô֪ȥõġ
˹ţʼ³ӺͰҲĳʻڣǴӻŪ๬еĵذġ
ѾͣһԵȺˣӣСһƮƮķ
ʼϳаӺͰҲͬ
һݹȻǸκ׼ģֻйܳȥĸȶû빫ͬ˵ʸֻܿԼ˫߽ȥ
һ˳̨ϣȻע⡣ʿӡ䡢Ůȫעݳӡ
ǰһȻ֪˴ӺδðģڹְһλһǹߵˣС
дԣɳɣҲǹ̴ӡѡ˶Ϊ٣ʾá
˲ݣǷˡԹ߱飬֪˲أȷʵݹڣ˼Ҳδֻһɣ˵˼Ҳܴܸأ
ȻཫѡγΪ򣬻ίΣ˵˶ڣ۹ð
˵ٶ࣬Ҳʼ¡ǿʼǰСĳһŮӣڶ࣬ⶼ
ժ¥ȥֻôͷ˵Ľºͱ˿ȥժ¥ȴûôý
ժ¥鴫гμİӡ˶ɵۡ˴ǻǵмժ¥
ʱֵʢģˮ϶ʢѩ׵޴ĺҶžɡе쵽ĵ·ϡ
ӸʼҲĿΧ׵ĵ·ϣˮͺҶǰʵժ¥
κжûмôĹ
˵κΪƵĺκǰֻʯ˵ȽʯøͷһۼһȥҲһ˿ڡ
κһ˲ӣȴøȲǰժ¥
ˮ»ʱʱĸһˣŵðһһģϸһԭǹˣŮˮˮźҶ񣬱ңˡ
Ů˱סһˣһǡ
ٿ첽ȥ
ӿı飬Ҳȥ۾ɴˣʼʣ㿴
ʼɨȥһۣһԴʲôóԾģְӰ飬ԣŮڹమ鳤á
Ŀɿڴ𣿡ƭ뵽ժǹȻ
ʼͷȻ档
Ҳˣĸû뵽ժǹȻ棡ֲᵱʺ󣡡
ĸ³ԣΪ棺һҪúժǹӣɵõ谮
ĸ˲ܽֻڵȺ
͸ʼȥˣһֱǰ棬ժǹ˵ժǹϲ˳衢裬ҪȻһժǹһ֧ˣϣϲ
˿ǽЦ˵ˣԵƬ̣ȥͨ
ʼ˵͡ڹ𣿡˵ڣд󽫾Ҳڡ
˺ܿʼκ̫Ӻκȥ
Ŭ򶨣İ־㲻ǲǴ𣿣
ϵĺҩѾЩˣǻüĿ٣ͷùãҿɴδƭ㰡
˵Եɵɵĸȥˡ
ϵ¥̧ͷȥһŮˣͷ䣬ӣһᣬηʻƶ䡣
üĿ͸һɱ˵ƣаҶ࿴æͷֻϡǵƤܰף۾üëϸϵ֬ʺΡ
һɫɴȹɴȹļĵĶˣؿ͸İɫһ
ĽšĽŲԱһ˵ϣ۰׵ĽֺɫϣԵýֺӷ۰׿ɰӵɫ
ϲպ
ʼֽɨ밢Цڼ̫빫ˣ°ɡ
䶢Űӿֵۣ̫ɡ
ʼף޷ֻǰڽԱߣһӲ֪ԼˡʵժǹѾˡ
ʱһվɡ
лæ̧ͷлһ̧ͷɵˡ
Ц롣
̤Ƽ䣬ŷժǹúýձߵķ˿ܿ壡
ժǹЦӯӯʲô֣𣺡
ͨκһʱΪԼǴˣһ˼
ͺˣǣЦҲиС˵
̧ͷСʲôһҵĺ
ЦС۽䣬׶СʱԲӣô֡
̧ͷӡ
ѾֵĽ˽Сˣ׶׶úҵĺСʱѧ˵Ÿô֡
ʣһ𣿡ͷ
áĽǾһȥ̨ɡԹһúôġ
æ֤һ
ڼκǰ࣬Ͷˡ
Ȼô棬Ҹý˼ʡѵÿôһҸˣҲƻҸ뿴þõҸȥ


498 
ס̨, ֣һסˡ֣ҲһСˣȻֻ͹ŮһϷûƽദѣĳɳƫΪŮǲᷴģһֱȥ, ͻ˵ľ
֣һ¸ߵ, ȻһһԴ֣ĸԽԽ˾ͻụӰ, Ǿ͵òʧˡ
κʱ
֣ܸԼһ飬, ҪȥдһλǴͽκи
ɾʰѡԽһд³֮Ů, ѡŮˣ氢Щǰס
ԼôˣΪ֣Ѿʼüįˡ˳, ÿֻܾȴӣҲǿͺסСŮˡ
ҪҵԼλãԼá
һ, 뿪ʱûз, һ顱, ˵֣᲻ᱻãҵһǲϣȥġְ
ǣ֣, ĸһҪ
˵ЩκпܻĻˣҺúù۲أ֣˷ܵĶԽ˵
æ˶ø֮ˣԵͺúøɣ¸ٸòã˭Ļץȥƨɣ
Ȼ֪ȥ̨ˣǲȥġԣȻŽ˵Լƴ佱ȥ̨ʺ˶üԣ˸Ҵý̳ϳģͳͳϳȥƨɡ
λôʱ䣬һէ֣Ǻעġܿ˷ִģ벻㣬нȥ
ô˵Ľ꣡
ӿֳһȺ佪뽪֮ʫ
пģȻҲɡ
ȥ̨ǹ٣ҾǽǴ£ô˽أ췴ʡ
ɵҲһȺ
ģؼϢȥˡǽҪİ˾ǴˣԼˡЩ˰˴Ժ͹ȻԼ˼٣Ͳˡ
ܿ췢˵ϵһЩһ飬е⡣ȥЩ˼̽
ʮ֮˾ţǶȥˡ
߽ˡ
ʲô£Ϊ˶ϹӰɣڴ£ֳ°˳ɵ˶֪ڵģȥ󣬴ͽ֮佫һս
ǰͽ˭ǿ˭ûЩֻҪȥĴȾͺáڽˣˣȨˣҲˣͽ֮ǿͲжˡ
˶Ϊ˻ᶷһ
˲򣬹㱻ΪҲǽҪ³֮һʤʸˡ
㹨㲻ֳǵҲ۲ˣλˣˣֻҪĴͽ򣬴͹߻սǵĻᰡ
ԿԪΪ׵Ҳűأ
²⣬ȹǰߣţԪҾͻֳܵҴ״ˡȻˡǸףʵϸƴִеĽ
ܰѴƵð˸ˣǰŬҲ֮ˡ
ԺֳֻֻǵĴǵĴ
֮ߺ³һŵġҲܹЩȶؼȥˡ
Խ˵ͼԽֱ̾룺ʱߣģˡ
Ҫôھͳܸѩ֮ǰ̨·ҲҪ£⻹˳ǰ¡
Ҫôֻܵ괺죬ů֮ߡ첻ܳ
ǰаĲˡ
ˣڴߡ
ٵȰ꣬ϵ֮һࡣ˶ܵʱʣµҲܵģ־͵ǶŴͲڽˡ
ǲߣеϧ
Žڡء
Ǯǲడüе߹ķˣ˵͹˹Ŀյ̶ȡôʱĶֻôһ㣬ľӷһõġ
ʼֱ۵ĸܵǰǮжˡ
۾һһ
κǲѾֽμ۸ˣʡ
㻹Ϊʵʲô룬˵֪˵һ£ܹٸ㡣
һܣͻܵʱ
ҪߣͲӡԭ뷨ߺУҲҪġ
ڽϵԽԽˣǿۼˣҲ̫٣һΣվܡ
ԣ׼óһºʹŰˡ
仹¡
һ£ʹֺֻΡ
Լˣȥ̨ˡ
ҺԼǸλãȻֹݣһȥƫһ㣬뵶ڴˣҲһӡ
֪ʱһ͸Ϲȥˡ˶ڿԼҲԺںԼôûأ׼ٸԼһ
վ⡭öˡ˵һôǽ
ȴ֣
⻹вԾԾ׼ȥЧµģ˴𣬰˶ˡ
Ȼȥ񣬽Ѹٰѹҽ͹רʩ̵˶ˡ
С۵ᣬɫҰףţ飬һ۾ͿˣڽԼûиɾʧ
Ժһúýѵ
ԡͷϯϣҽ̹ٲ鿴
ҽ˵ҩطƤѪ񣬺õÿ죬ʱж㣬𴲣Ҳµء
̹˵Ҫøɾ㣬СĿԸٸһ׼Сʮ
һϲɫ
ãκá˵
һ𾪱ʹ
СӣҲ̫ˣʲôʱ˵ȥˣȻһʼûȥοΪû취ȥ𣿸ʲôԼҹԹˣʱûþͲˣ
ڶ¾ǰˣڹٳκ̫ӣκҲˣǲܷǵĹ͡
ѲܷǷˡȥ֪ܷǻôѡôڽҰġԡİأ
ڣӲ뵱κ̫ӣκ̫ӣܷȴҪðӵ̫Ӳɣ
رڰһӳ֮ѡͱΨһѡˡ
κУڲܷܷǿ̳κκһˡ
ڲκˡ
³
ǲְܷѰ͵³
³ôðӣʷϻμزܷǣ˵ʿǻ
ܷǻԽԼһ޳ɣʵһĲĻ
ȴܽκߡ
ʵκǰ궼ûһԴ󵽸ǹܷǴ˾ٵ棬겻֪ûУ´κϺﶼҪǲʵ
һ֧κϺֹˣһɲˣ𾴣ǧꡣ
ܷҪ̻ֻܼŰӣ԰϶塣
˭˵Ӳκκȳȥ˸
˭ô˵ӹģκĽ֮飡
ܵ³κҪκǣҪλڵܣ
ĸܵܣĿǰϵκӣҲĹӸأҲκϲ
⼸֮ܵ󣬻Ҫٶ԰ӱж塢лѷ֮⡪⣬̫ܰⶥñӴͷϡ
ǣܷǴ˸·صκǹȻڵеڹѰӵĸ֮ٸؿһٺκҪ󣬼Ȼ̫ôТ˳ôѰͳȫһƬТİɣ
κڵϿû취ԼƨɲɾҲܷǵƸ֮ģҷܷǵĻ̫Щ¾Ҫˡ
˼죬ܷࡢࡢ࣬ȥģʹӦˡ
ܷǳûκ㵽ݼˣҲǴӣҪӷˣ͸ָТӵɡ
κصǺԥ߰졣
־ͲСˣǹϲŻõĴ
κһͣͰѰӵʵˡֱڣκл˴˵ӲǸ̫ӣǲܷ뵱˵˲֪ĺƭκء
κһֱûֹҥԡ
һͣҥҲͲˡ
κǧԥֻǴˡһƽܼ򵥵ֱ֣һ̫֮
ӣТ
κеҪҲһˡ
ȻκβܷΪ̫ʦȴֵĻᣬһȥ³ˡ
Ժ󣬲ܷǾҪ³̵̫ˡ
κТԺ̫вТ֮٣ܷ׵塣
̫ʦΣûϵıҪٶǸһ̵̫֮ˣܵ˵Ǹܺʾĵְλ
ܷ̫ʦˣһһݳûУ˴֮⣬̲ü٣ϳ
ôΣκȻó̫Ӻ̫ʦķж١
ԾȻûУҲûԼܷǾôҵ뿪κ³߾ܵҵĻӭ
ڴ˵ңܷǳƬ̣ʡ
ˣЦ̫ʦΪ˭Ȼǹ
˵գ¹ȻҪܷǽκ飬Ҫ̿ӱ͵ֳȥܷûúϢΪãȻҪߡ
ˣֻܷô
ֵжˣ̫Ҫȴߡ
ܷʧ˹鲻Σʱȴŭˡ
ʱ˿̣ô᲻֪Ǻ˲ܼţ̫
ûתͳȥˡ
ڰ밢ǰȴܺһ˾˵ǵĵܵܽаԲԣһֱڵء밢ʱҲЩĥʱδ֣ʱܷûٶ˵ժǹ£Ҳ
᲻ᡭ
һ
ǡ֪𡭡
ǰŵ֪ܼҵŹҲˣѾȥˡڸóТˡ
룬ôɡ
̹УǼߣƵ³ϣ
ʱ˲ˡ
ڳϣͷһܿĽ䡣

ͻȻежͷתͷһһ۽Цء
ȥι£Ц˵ҪСİ³Ҫˡ
ʹҲ⺹ëֱеңǾһܲӦ
ӦŷѾ嵭ˡ
ͷӳЦ
Цŵ
ȴ벻ˡ


499 ޲
Ӵϵ, ǰҩˣѾˣֳǳʮż˵Ѿʮһˣǵʲôˣʲô
һͼϣȫҩζŵû겻塣
˲ûٸ˵˵, ôߵģôôͻȻ˲⣺ôͻȻˣȥ겻˵ѡʺⶼһ, ̡
㲻Σ󽫾ΣǱʲôӦ죡һһ
ֻŬһһ˵, üŭ󽫾ȥ͵ģ࡭ûӦ
˵ͷǰ
ûӦˣ˵ڼʱҲԵϲŭ, 񲻵һ¡
齣תȦ
û취, ֻóĴˣʲôŻؼô˵أ
˿С˵װأ
Ƴˮ𣬵ǹ¼ҹ, ܲϧɲ߹Ǻ̬ԽԽܿƺ, Ҫװˡһ򶷵øݱ, һ氵׼, ڽҵһᣬһ֣˳µĲˡ
Ƴ, һȻкɣǰһɵĴʱֻŶһɸϾɱҲͳ鲻没Ǽٲ
һͽ財ͣһСΣȻ˻ֳǴ̽ϼ˴صϢ⧲
һһҹмȥ׼һڹײģһ߼װͻڵأһԼߡ
˱òᣬСĹӣֻðһڹײģТһ·ֽǮؼҡ
е;ͱˡ뵽УȴϿ׽һ顣˰£һôûвӬ˽裬ҲвӬ
ŷֱƭˣɴʱѾˣҲҲټˡ
ˡܡţһ·Ѻͻֳǡգһ˵˵֪ȥˡ
ԾҾ֪
˷Ǵ»᲻仯
򲻸ұ֤һû⣬뻢ıƤ
ӵڶ뿪ʱ׷ɱ˵ʱûȥѾܵŨŨĵ⡣
װ֮ǰŸǵ̸ԸǵӦһ𡣵ʱЩ˵ǰȥ̹Ӧ͡
Ѿ֣ڱƶˣѡһ·
˵Ȼǲġ
һֱƾֵİ취ڣֵ֪˭ԲóȻж
ΣƽҲֻܴҴ¡
ץסΪܡϣװȻװ
ֳǵһøӸӡ
޶ۣ࣬ɹսǣͼʲôأѾһ֮£֮ˡǾԷףҲɴ
ǣȡ϶֮
͸ˡȵǣٰѽȥΪͻ⵽³ķԡ
Ϊ֮סɨǣԻٸһ޸֮ˣôλ
ȥֻΪĻ֮ΪıҪôգҪôڽ֮С
Ѿˣ̫ӣ̫ӻǸ֮𣿴󽫾󽫾رƴλԴжΪ
һ·Ҫֳ̤ˡ
ֳԵղͬȻô֣ôȴҲ͸һɻ̻֮
ץһ˳ȥƨɣ֮ǰƨɺ󲻿ٽˣҲץ˻
ǰÿ춼ߵˣ˵۸ˣ̫ˣβǡ޵¡ƺһߣͻȻִôȱ㡣
ûᣬҲûоܾߵԽԽࡣ
죬һߵ֮ڵվ˸ڵӡ
ΣжˣЦʵ
ޱ˵һپʮˡ
µɲҪߣ¿סң
ĬĵͷȻ׹⡣
ΡЦȻһūƺةࡣ
𣿹ԼȻ֮޸ƼҪôȨأ
ڴÿһնڱ˹ǧָֻʱһлøӡ
ңѽˡ
һˣޱ޽ҪôԼأ
Цǣһ֪֪ڵΪʲôÿջôȰ
Ϊڱƴ
̨
ԴӴᵽºӺ󣬱ͳ˽һ˵סˡ
ǶܸˣΪǿһһӡҲܲˣΪ̫˸ˡ
ϰֶ飬峿ƻ裬һҲ̤鷿ȻҲˡ
ȵϣŹˣеĹʿӶ뿪ˣŻȥ檴÷
ſڵһæ˵̫ӣˡ㻹ϼ𣿡ҡͷ
ǶǴˡ˵ڴÿ춼ܶˡ
ڶǵǸʱͺܱСͯǳժǹķժǹǺܲ˵ĿǣǶߡ
Сʱ򣬽ͺ´ΪСͯ˵ĵܵܣСͯˣǲǻٸأ
Ȼûİߣݿ־Ȼ˽
ԣǻ˶˵õСˣӡĻǸĺӡǻẦ
ЯŽǰߣ˺͹ŮԶԶģ˵岻غ£ҵġ
ͷ֪
壬Щ˵ĻҲ˺ҡ͵ҲǣԺ˵ҵĻҲҪ
ǵһֱܾǣϼˣ᲻ᱻˣָ
˵ҼǣһȥȰҲȥȥˣͻվָһߡľ¡
ֻ½ʿˣڱ˵Ѿˣ˵ԭˣܼǣ
ԡͷҾܼǣܳΪһѼ⵶
ôֻ³ͻỻһ̫ˡ
º
ŭȥ֣ˡ
֣ȴæΪߵ̫ˣֱڻӸҪЩã͵̨ȥ
˵֪ߵˡ̾԰֪ߵĶˡЩˣһߣͶ۸ˣ
³дƬĻĵء
ֳֻǸֳǺ󲻾ãǰӳľǻҰˡһˣһׯ·ûС
ԣĶ飬Ҫһ߿·һߡ
ľڸɵľĻҪǰ̽·ǰʲôơ
ҪӵģҪӱ𴦸ϽȥߵͲƽģҪԵƶ͵ĵضθڳһɹͨµˮӵģ˵ݵ̶󳵹ˣֵģҪĲ̫̫ܵģҪݳߣдʯģҪʯͷڳѿƽ
緢߶ѣҪɱ⡣
ϣƵľ·Ʋȥģֻܿһ·
ļױгֹͲˣľʹһٶࡣ
ֻнٶ֮Ԥڡ
ٶܳǧ˵ӣнŵʿнǧ׷ˣ˵Ķ飬һСǵǨơ
ʼѩ֮ǰ̨ܲܵˣڻ졣
һͣ·ϣΪǰ·û޺ã˻ȥҲԣҵߵ·⣬ǲǹͨ˵ˡ
ڿ³ʷʱһΣ³ޣ޵һ·ꡣ
ʱΪһ˼ʱܳڿ㲻ʵݡ뿴ٶǰһԭʼûһ򵼣ǰ̽·˲࣬Ǹ··ֲԭǮпг̰
ԪʱǰҺôԸ÷ѣӼϽľӣЩ˵ĳݶ˰
ÿĵʳǰһڵĳ嶯һ»жʱ̨ܵ͸ˡ
Դ֪ÿΪʲô֮󣬾ȻЦһֱѪ޵ζ
ЦʲôЦЦʲôЦеڳдһ֮ܶˣſڽͷŵļĥɥ̫
ӿƲС
һҹڶѽֽЦĶ˵ˣҿ˾㹻ˡ
һһĨ죺ʣȥʲô˵ɡ
ȥٰǣȥ֡
ô๫Ҫȥ̨ءʲôҪһҪȵ˷̨أ
ȫ԰˸·ϡ
һ˷̨ͺܼˡ
ֻɱˡǼݳ𶯾Уʣµİ˳ɢˣγйģĵֿȻ˶ͻҲˣԾ͵
˶ֲ֣ó̻Ǯأһð
ͷС˵Ҫߣסȥȥˡˣ˭ң£һģҲߣ
ģȥʲôֺ޵
û취


500 
ϹһС, ȫֻмٻǧˣȫһգһţ϶ǽ, 岮ֵܡ汲, Ѿ֪ˡ
죬е˶˳ǣǷЯ, ¿峵һߡ
СӰЦ, е·Ϻܣеڳϱı, ̡ʹãȥĶ
ȥŮϵŮ˶ЦŴ
Ů˭
Ůǹ
Ķ
ǰͷأ
˳Լʮĵطͣһ֧飬ǰͷ, β
Ѿͣʮˡ
⸽еҰϷɵ񣬻ǵĻǡꡢ, , ڳԹˡ
ЩеĴ, ˫ߵˡ̴ӡȣһƬҰﶼˡԺ˵ߣ˵󶼿һ, ΪѾʼΧץ֪ˣʼԳӣɼĶԹˡ
ȻҲǶܳԱڶŶӸ·ڱϾ죬ԴʳֻͨĹףûȥǵġĺñ档
ǲˣʱŵĻ򶼳ԹˣⱾǵ̨ȥģʱȥ˴ļױʳҪѼţϷɵģܵģòһȽϸԣҲȱԵġ
ǲ£˰ɱˡʣµţڶԵͻš
ڵʱô졪ᵽʱֲʲôرϡĶ
ʣܵ˳Եֻʣˡ̲ˡˡ
ҲΪʲôЩ˶ô⡣
֮ͬ£ĵгӼʲôȳһġû¸ø֦ڵصҲˣȻŮȥڵ档
Һ죬Ƕ죬ôͣ·ϣܶˡ
Ŵˣ޵Զһ湻ӵġ
ǻͣΪǰһӡ
Ӻ鷳ΪȻϸˮҲҲ̫;ǣҲ˵ǵİնΪ
ǾͲˡ
Ҫγôڣ֪·ķʽǺܼ򵥴ֱģУڿƽ
ڻ᲻Ե̬Ӱ죬˭أһߵڿСֶֹʮˣǲҲҪ𣿲ȥ
Ҳһûǣǹ򵥵İ취ѡȡкӴǳĵطľʯȽƽ͵˹ˣǹȥηˮ࣬ζⶼ޹ˣҲ⡣
֪¸һǿ˺ӳˮǾͲˡôȥأš
ҪѡַѡһߵأҪӲܹ֧壬Ȼӱľʯš
ǣڴ˵ͣ
ŽֻȥϹܣҰƽԭɽҰأϴһҰ裬˵ϹǵȫǶˡ׼ݼ
æϻȥϳ󣬻һ֣ص·ױ磬ű˵Ůݡ
ԺѾϼˣҲϰˡ
ϹС³в٣˵ǳΪгǽҲо׳ǾӵĴ䷢չɡ
ôڣͨԸ㣬£ڣҲ
ʹ棬ϴ˻峤ȡƻרơ
ϸ۲ЩСǻᷢǺ˼СǾһСңе̬ʵʹûʲô𣬶ңȻȻķչɺܶʽרƣ峤һΪףķƺƣҲǲͬġУвȨļϮģУǸѡ٣ƽʱӶΪҪʽҴѾȨͨһ֮вþķϵڣٵƺϮƵġ
ҴȶԿƵǱƸ㡣
Ǽٻ˼ңȻôӣԽԽ˼
ȻҲйƵģһ̣ѡļ̳ˣҲһŮˣеʳҪƽ䣬ÿ˶ҪԼĹСһĸϸΪֲ
һֱúҪŮ˴ŲŲԴΪƵռԭŮ˹δؼǵסʮǰڡ
Ůӣʮ¹ģҲа˾Ÿ³İ˻ʮһأô㣿
뿴ָһʮصĺ˵⺢ӱضҵģŮһ΢Цʵҵʱֹһˡ
Ǿ˹
׼ֵһ˵Ѿˡǰľ飬ΰݼһֱ뿪ΪֹΪְݼڰ񣬶ڰһ
Ƚӵһƪʫ˵ǳʱڼոĶ
˵кܶʳ׳СӣƯĴⲻҪ͸ֻԿ䣬ʾˡ
ԣΪʻ̲ݣƥߣдСͯǻ۵ˡ
⿴ȻվһһøɾСкһӻ׵ͷ
Ȼ˸ˡ
Ǳյģվζ⣬Ҫ˻Ǿͻѡͷͷ³Ͳ̫ˡ
ǶĿ佱ͷ˿ֺѾ¿ܽ˰ٻʢţһգܽǳء
꣬͸ҪˣҪҲص档
ΪҪԺÿһʱ꣬Ҫη磬ó̫ʱҪ̫ɹ·СԽԽãƽ󣬹ԽԽСԽԽ׳ơ
ƪʫͿԽ˰ѳ涼¶ݸǿζǵǵʫʾ⡣
Цؿڡ
°ٲ֮Щգǰݵڵأ˴Ŷ޻֣СһԴԲԲһĨͷЦ
ˣǰˣӺϣЩ˾֪ˣͿˡ
Ժÿһ죬˾ʹӽǿóϵһֱš
һܼ죬Ͳ˴򿪳ˣ쿴һֱӣˣͻģľͲˡ
ݼģʵһŮ
³ǹڵ³˭֪
֪ЩжŮб˵Ůа˳ɰɡȥ̨ĶԼУųŮ

ԽĹŮŵࡣ
䶼е㻳ɣڴ¶䡰ŮϾһ߿СȶǣץָϵϾһȥǿƤ˺ܾãҲ˼⡪ɨɨäôŮֻžˣôţ
ʹ㣬Ů
˵ŹǻɣǷˡ
ֻз˲Ż
ҲŻʵɣĻȥɡ
סֻƽѵǣʵҲϲȥѡ
ɣҲѵõˡ
ΧŻʵɣΪʵ˻һûС
ȻŻʵɣ۵ӦĳŻ̼ͳ֮󿪴ġ
֮ǶʵеŻʵɣĿǧ֪ʲôץеĻˣܷеĺ˺ˣ͸ûһʵ۴˵Ὺˣ˶ܸ
ӷ̨İ׸ʻʵǲɺЦǰϣĿⶼˣӡŮ̫ŮˡɡԭҲҷˡ
׸ǲŵģǵţ֮Աǡŵ˶ˣķΧǳ˷̨֮⣬¶ˡ
ڷ̨¿طˣڿµһ
֮һ֡
Ȼ֮ܿܿУܻôһرģժǹ֮һԽʶԽȷʵǵ֮Ļʺѡ
ڤڤж
ãҲδĶ֡


501 
̨
һʢ, ˮͤǰϤĸ裬Ȼ˵ģһ
ȤΧ̺ĹŮ, ٽĹ󸾶ɫ, ˭ҵһڡ
һЩ˵һֱóΪ, ΪþߵĹŮҲ, Զ£һġ֪
ζ, ʵǿԱƭģƭҲף
Χ˶ҵһԼ, ֵóģҲкô
Ҫǣ¶Ҳкô
˵ԹƼ
תͷ, ʲôˣ𣿡
󸾾ͼ, ˻λ, е˶أɫĽ
ƼȻģòŮ˶, õǣѾˡ
һ˶֪£رȰŮ޸ִ֣֣֣ˣԲȥͼӵĹҡ
˿䣬ҲĽԼȥ˵̻Ȱǲһٳ½֪أ
Ů˿˼ʲôŮ˲ܵõأ
ƼݳƾǵõĵŮˡ
˵һμ⣬ᵽУڹڣ䱦ȥֺ˵ĵһŶûŮûһܼģֹ
Ƽ谮Ȼ˼ʣ˵Ϊɱʮ檡澡
˱Ƽľˣʹ˵õƼŮˡ
˵ȻҲ޷ƼжôƼһŮ˵Ƽ
ԹĹ
˼죬̨˶֪Լ
˵ԼܸȤ
ͺ˲ˣϾܶ˶ͳӵȥʹ˰û⣬ǵӵܶʱĸЩһԼѵǲĹǣֿʼлˣԼĵӺͶӶˣֻ˵
˵ֺαصģж︣˵ˣ׸ȥûȥ˲Ҳû𣿿ɼ³δزһ
ҡͷǵ³³ѾѻʺֶˡΪֻԼҴˣټϱֶΣ³ˣƱسΪҵжд̡ʱ׸ô죿Բǳʹˣ죬ǻûʲôյġ
˵ҲֻܸɿˡӶͷŰ
ϵ
ºȰȻˣֺαذ׷ѹأЪһЪԼ裬ֻСͯ飬ͦ𣿡
ߺߵģȥͻˡ
ڶ죬ëˣҲµŲϽһ¡
ȣ³Ѿˡ
ԹҲˡ
κ³һˡ
칫κ³ʲôʱģ
ǵø³õĲ֣
ë˵иϡءκ̫ӣ³칫Ŷԭˡ³סκһ̴ֹһκʾá
֣ûй
칫ôûУһû𣿡ë˵ݳһûС֣ĻΣԹѡŮԱѡ
칫ͷǾͻպ͡
ëѣ֣Ů³ġ
칫ȵȣһֻʣ³Թһ֣ǸκڣȥˣҲûй𣿡ë˵Ҳ˲⣬ѹ͵Թȥˡ
Ȼû͵κ칫롣
ë˵ǰǿѷ֡
칫ֻһﲻˡ
ȥԹһǲ³Ķ֣ͺ˵ˡ
칫־ϲŮΪʺ󰡡
£һ·
㲻˵վһطҪ֪ᾭʲôˣǲǮǲȨһأһĶǾأ
㽪ڴȻⷽǸǰ³³κĵطˣ֣ǲΪƣصΪˡ
ؾͲһˣȣҪİĵطΣĿǲƣˡ
ͺѰա
ʱôܱ֤˵ҪĿ
Ҫ󣺡ŮĶɱ϶Ůġ
ƵĻʲôΪ׼أ
ԼļױĶûõġ
Ǯ

ʣһŵĶ·ΰ໹صĶ
ԥһ룺гͲɱˡ
ͷá
󷽵УûʲôõĶΪ
û뵽ʱ޻Ҫһ׼ȵ⣬Ӹ¯֮ĺö࣡
˲࣬ͭƵĿڵеļвʹ
ǰ˵ķչʱ뵽еѹͭ𣿿˻Ǯ
Ҿߡ޴ҾߣҲǴʱˡҾȻͨ˼ȥҲڷŲˡ
õļҾߣһһ齣̫ʺϷͨҪǹָ߹ĴӲܰڵúÿֹǴ͵Ƕ͸һѺ͵ζ
ͨһӾֻˣһף˾Ͳýȥˡ
οֹ޵ļҾߣö໪ö໪ͨòˣرױʧš
ľˡ
˵β˻ܾȣ𣿡ҡͷ
һ³ĿǰкܶͶԴȱ
ڶЩ湫޵ˣŮǱϲ㣬ȥū͵³ȥ̫ðˡ
ʣµģһҪľݣ
ױģߵģٵģģϲģݣ
ͷáҲΪձ鲻Ҳ̫õ߹·ȣܲ졣
ڶռ֯Ҳǲ
ЩƷ붼ͨƷ̾Ϳø
ǻƽǮ
һһºʣµľҪʲôطȽϺˡ
ýȥĹߵˣ̫ˡ
ãĹ϶Ҫ̨Ǿڷ̨ǰıؾĵ·ѡһˡ
˸ˣȥһЩ·Ȼѡһ
ʱѾ³߾ǰͲ³ؽ磬ý۵Ĺˡ
һѻش⣺Ҫڻȥ𣿡һ£ƾĶۣýߣҲߡ
ȻƻϣӦûȥˡ
ʱǵĸñ֮ǰһˣҪȥ̨Щڶ֮ķĮҲˡ
ԣʼΪػȥɣٵ¸ղȥҪңָӰ
ûлش֮䣬³һš
ڵϱƣ˵ڵϱйʡ
Ȼǰʿѱ˶ץȥɱˡ
ʮĿԴ
ºǰѪɺӣǰ׶ˣҲϴĺۼ
˵̻ȥְ֧
ܰѻ±ɺ¡
һɱ˵Ĵ£µǣеĵɱˡ
Ҳûж˵Ÿˡ
ͣͱߺͣԭ춼ûж
Ҳ֪Լڵʲô


502 ׻
ںǰͿǹôнһ档ʱȻûз̨ϵ, ɲһӶֳⷽСĵطתƣ³¶ҲҪȥ濴һġ
ʱͽܿס³ǽȻǸ, ҲҪܻס˲С
Ž, ѧϰͳɹһʵۣ֮ûֱͨģǹŽôͼ̳һδĺûʵ۵ʦǶʧˣһ, ֪ôЧĽ̻һôʵۣ
̻ܽһôʹȨ
Ȩ󣬿, ȴʵڡȨǣһ, ȴʤƻ߱еӸԣҴӲΡ
һ˵õȨǺ, Ҳֻ£˵еȨǸöһȥգܾȫͬˡ
ʷȨɵĶȱȽ, Ȩõĺýȴëǡ
ɼ, ǸΪĶ
Ҳ㡣֧šȨӲ, ҪǿΪʯ˭ӵзΧǿ˭ӵͬȷΧȨ
˵ûûȨ
뽪, һȨһߺ
УܹϾ´󼪡
Ȼڴ¶ֳǴ˴ҲԤϵһʼûǹôǽ̵øֲɵ£ôǸη塣
ǳݾӵġ
ӿкܶ⣬ⶼܽΪһ˼Ե·ˡ
˵߶սһ߶䣺Ұһ߿ڣ
˵ûпӮõսп߽һҵأֲû˶ﲻ߶ȣѾϴˣΪҪģҰˣδ
һ֡
ǣҵĵǶҪҵΪ壬ҵķΪɣҵĻΪĻҵΪ¡
ֻһʱƽͻᵽƽ־Ϊ׼ġ
˵ʲô壬ʲôͻ壻˵ʲôãʲôͻá
û㹻֧ţκܵ˵ĵȥԼ壬ᱻ򵹡ܰѱ˵ĵ̱ԼģǲǴЧķʽ
йΧС׳Ƴϵ⣬̫ӼҪϹϹϵģͳ£ڣʹú֣ѧϰףΪйĻ۷ΪΧһֻȭͷ
ٱ̡ʵҪᣬԱҪһطҪ˰ϵ£ȨȨ
ԣͽ䲻رҲѧʿ˵ķʽµֶΣֻҪܴˡ
߽˷㣬һ˵ʲôҪ㣬ɱ
³̨º
˯ú٣˯ţƺһ۾ܿ²ͣȥѪѪ̫¾ȻǺɫġ
ȴûкڡ
ԽǺͽ˵µһξãٺˡ
ǺͽʵǵĿ
֪ˡ
ûз裬ֻǰδеѣԼͷԴûôѹһǰˣһжˡ
֪ԼǲԶôĿ磬Ҳ֪᲻ԺٱʲôҲ֪ᡣ
¹ܶණ
ǰǴ˵Ϊ֪ʵеĶںܾǰ
˵ǴĶӡ
ǸٵģҰ֣֪ʲô˵ĺӡ
ǰ֪ˣҲ⡣ֻ̨ؤһţÿ͵˵ķԣ˵·һ䣬ͺͽǡʼһȡů
֪ǲǻţĵǲʳﲻ֪Լ죬᲻ᱻ͵⡣
ˣ
Ҳɲ˵
½㡣¡ְ뿪һ뵽ҪԶ뿪µúֱǸеؤûгԵģû´ʱпܱץס۸
ǺͽûٰǶ֪
ܵģ֪ԺñǰˡĺôԶĻԽԽ
֪ΪҲȷʵܴúܼ򵥵ķȥЩǻģ֪벻󣬽ʲôҲҲ
Σ뿪ǰ仰
˵ˣǿܵһʱͰǡǻţ㲻ǿһһˡ
³ڣҲһû³ʱڲأ
ڿŽĳݽʻԶƺգۼͿԺᵽֱ޿Сؤˡ
㲻
û˱ˣ
һҹ֮䣬˶һ
಻ٽˣҪôԺúܶʵƿԡ
˵ϵÿ춼ڳ֣ٽˡ
˵Ծǣһʱ˿ԣѵһ
ԥˣȻϹֱܲĲôɣ
ǺͽҲȰ˵˵ǰòھǰȥǡǣͰѳֵ˸ϳȥɡ
һֱôİ
ƨɺҲˣԽЩԽ࣬˶ڷڡ
ö˿ȥȰǡ
˿ȥˣЩֵһϵ˳̫ˣǣȻһ죬Щֵ汻˴һ٣˿ͷƣҪˡ
һӾ;ãֱһˡͽǣˣǰҪǵˡ
ˣҪ״Т޴ܵסͽǡߡ
ǿţţ˵˶Ĵ˵ж񶾣ĺݣô񼫡
ҪϴҪǳϴ󣬲
ûд
˵ˣͼסһҪġ
ˣͻᱻ˴
˵ġ
ûд
Щˣڱˡ
ˣ
Щˣ
ߣնڽǰ
ȻЩѶ˿Ƕˣóʱ˯áԲ£һ쵽µˣץ˳ȥǵͷ£Ҳ۸ˡ
ԭǵĸо
Ϊܽ棬ʲô˷Ѿǵõˡ
ԭǡ
ԭڲǡ
Ҳˡ
˻Ĺֳ´˶ˡ
ӣź·ķǡˮصȶˡ˭ҲӲ
̨һӶðģ˺ܶģ۾ȴǰĽ
ϲмֹŹ֣磡ˣ֪ʲô𣿡
䣺š𣿡
ţܺáأ
䣺֪һˣԼˡ
Ŷǣ磬Ҫȥժ¥𣿡
תȥһطˡ¾ɡ
ͣãʹ硣
˿̧Żص˽ºڵǰãҲûټ
һ̧ͷǻΣȰӣȻȥɡ
ڰ֣ٵȵȡ
ˣӣҪˡ
˿۾ȥ£Ҿס
ڽº˷ס˰£һҪȥйˡ˵ֵտȥͨס
˿ѵԸ׷̴
йˣЩĽūֶˣҹҲˣǰһ
죬һ֣Χ˲䶼ЦҲ˵ˣ죬ȴĹ
һ˵ŶԭˡΧȺɨһۣһ֡
Ǹеֵ̾Ų£̸ЦΧֱ


503 ³
ȫ, һ̤߽ɡʵֱۡĳʱеʧ
³ûʲôͬ
Ѿ˽ŲߺԼؼŸ·, Ѿ뿪³, ȶʧˣ³յСеĸԪѾʼ˼ҵķӦʲô̾, ֻϣϤ˶ܻ, ˣҪĿɳ
ǧ, Ա󽫣Ϊε㣺ǵģûע⵽ʱ, Щ˽ˡ
ýƾֱôģȻðĸ˱˴֮䵹ǻе㹴Ķ, û, ָ, ʵʲôҲ֪޲ԣĸʧģҲϿֱָȰ
ΪǾ, ȻսҲǽˡҵĺôǵĺôڽеǰ̶ϵˣԾãҶá
ּڽ䲻֪ڱζǴģĸȫԿϵ۵˼ǣȫܣȫ֪Ψһ
̫ˡ
˵Ҫߣ֪һ¸жٳкʹׯĳĸ
û⣡̳̽ڶ峿ͻˣһһҹ̽˷ԲڵҵСһûС

Ǿͽ̽ǰ̽ӿٶȡ
Ὠ飬̫Ӵ󣬼ӿٶŲϵĲԣԹǲǸĸ⣿Ǿߣɡ
ΪⲻᱻɣȻǲܣÿʩֶշǣʹˣͽеˡ
ֻóˣһϢʱСùݵĳȻ͸󲿶ӷֵˡ
һҪСû취ǵְܾ뿪£ڶеļࡣ
ǫ̃Ժ³;黶ֵֽ˰ɡ
һǧˣȻôߣĸ˱ֻǧˣǧ˵ĹҲǵУ֧ˣҪʵܣԱʵ鱨͵С
°ǧҪӿԣҲԣмһҪϣκ񣬱еĴۡ
ȥ̨һŮû뿪ǰйŮԼȥɷܳ׵Ķˣʱ˻Ҳİ˵ĿȥժǹйպԵڼɡ
￪ʼ³ĹŮպֻΪһְҵְ䣬䣬Ժ׶԰
ݴݴ˴ܸ֮⣬̸ССӣȫû⡣
ݴģݹ䡢˶ûⰡ
ȴ̵ܹˣ޼£̨ȥ˵ҲܽһչһչѧĻᡣ
ͱʼ
ڶõʱʼĪԵ˴̳ȥõ֮һ
Ҫὣϰǹ˺;һȥ̽ΪҪÿһ̽ﶼжˣȴһ⣬ܹߵȽǣȥʲôȥ۲ʲôѽ
˾ʮ˵һǡΪԲģ³߾һǣϽء
ڿʮĵطѾܿ·ˣܸýйٵ
ٵֱƽ·Ӧÿ궼޵ģҪݣҪ·еʯͷῪҪѶĿӸƽ
ΪĽͨߣǻܵʱAʯͷȵﶼˤӡһˤͲˡ
Ϊ˱ֽͨߣߵ··ÿ֮һ
³ҲƵۣ֪ģ·ҪĳǲʮЩǸպÿ԰³ȫ·ȴ֮ͨ·һ飬̫Ǯˣֻ޿쵽ŵһΣһ㶼ʮ£еĳֻʮ
湤̰ɡ
޵·Ŀǰֻ˴ֳǵǣٴӷǵˮΣƵͨޣҪñӡˮصˮҪͨ衣ʲô취ںǮԽܡ
ζĬƿطʹһֶΣٵѾٵͨ޺Ԭеҡ
Ҳûʲôá
ǽй
˼壬ǵҪӦǡӡ
ֵǣȴûʲôӡ
Ѿ³Ժˣ
˰Ѷ˿ĵˡ
ҪһѧʶԨȴûʲôµˡƼ˴ˣ֤ʲô֪Ҳ֤ʲô¶á
ǽжС£Ҫϰꡣ
ʵѡ
˿ĵжС顣
С飬ָ飬׻һΪС˵ͱΪ
һͦΰ֣С鱾˻Ǽ̳˶μҵͳ
С鱻Щսսֳ֪ǵ£ѡΪ̴ӺֻܴһȻĻҪµģͷԼġ
˳ǵʮĳɽϼҵһ֧ڴ˵Ϊ̫زôϸˣһ֧ӵܴ³֮¡
ɽ壬ǲɽСͷĶ˰ġ
ΪɽϣΪǴԼҵĵء˴գ˵оأ⻹ǲ֪ǰͿʼеġж˾͸˵ˡ
ǰԼҵ￪һͳˡ
ʵۺܿûҪдϽ󡣴Ͼÿ׸ʵۣʣ¾ˡ
ôţļ壬Ȼʲôóɾˡʵɵҵӵܡ޼ԼҲס󣬾ͷǰ̡
ʵֲѴһ֮ãΪΪոѱʵ۶Ҫôϵˡ
ֲôϵ˵٣ѡƫ֧Ȼָһϲĵطȥ١
ϲҴǹ٣ξͻɳӵܣɹʮҪôϴǹ٣Ҫôʵ˸л
Ϊʲôڹ˰ʮꣿ
ֻǻʵˡ
£ʵ۲ˣʵۣ߻ʵˣǹ˲ϡ
һĴϻǹ߳ǣϱĵʸ
Ҫ
֮󣬽Ŀ
Ĵţ
ѧΪǣˡΪÿսǵ޵ģѾˡ
ȥʣÿǶ٣
𣺡ʮˡ
˲⣺ôһǣÿհʮˣôܣЦ𣺡ǳġ˽ǣԽͱˡö˳ȥҪؼңĶأ
ֻܴͣڳ⣬ٽڸ̽
ԭǸ׼Ȩ׼ߡʮ˵ĶǸõģҲߺͰաҲڴУֻҪϼҴͿ롣
˺ͨվûȨˣﱻ겻ùҵľǴ˵ѧʿӡ
Ȼ飬ȴܵǴ޼ŵĿˣԾͲڿ֮ˡ
ΧĴʱ˵˺󣬾еˡ
˹ȴҲ˹ΨһʵۡȨļ嶼ΪĹӣҲһάȨȦӡ
ջĹϡ
˴һ£·ʳ˿֯ūʶ֣ڽҵСʣµŶȾָ񷸼ɻһ
ʲô֣ʡ
˴𣺡ݡ
Ǹ˲š
ѹ˼̵뿪̱һɢɳµһ˴˻ҧݡҲķεˣܸǱȴݸȨ͸棬Ǿġ


504 һʤ˼
һ, ʱ䣬һЧķʽȥʶûʱҲû
ôأ
˻ȥж·ƿȻһС˼ǰߡ
ʣµ, ĸ, Ǵмְգ
ĸ˵ûֱ˵ʲô
һ͸ˡ, Ҳѡˣ۹ⲻô, ҪҪʲôǴ򼸳, С
ֻˣʮ˵ܰѹѾãѾһԳɵѭϵ, ΧΧģҪ򵹣ֻԾԵѹ
һֱ, ôܽưںͻҩʵûо, û취ṩѾĶ, ҪģײģҲһֿѸȼĶ, ڵ϶ԣҪͣľͷҾ߻⡢ϣյøø
ֽҲȥһֽֽߺһգ̣ζȱǲܼˮ
ǵı԰ʵƳȥ
ҪһֿԸѸ͵ıȼϡ
ֻˡ
ת˵˼Ҫȿǵʵ
Ϊ濴ûͱȻ϶бģֻǲ֪ж٣ܴܲ
ӪȻڳ⣬Ǿڳ
ǽˣҲ˽ȥҲܴʳļ۸ʳжϳûб
߿˵ܲжȵȡ
кܶ࣬ζòɡ
ǣֻ󲻴
ֱֻӴˡ
ķɧΪΪ͵һ·ǿˣ˵дǣҺôҺãһƱù꣬ǲǮǾͻڳ꣬ǳǵĴ󻧣ΪǵĿꡣ
һ˵ʱ򣬴ǶƲ֡
еĴǻһָǮһɱﲻ۵˸ɱ⡣
˾ʹӦһֻһ˾Уʣߡ
һȴƫƫҪʿӵˣжľ˵ģ˵¾ͽĳؽй⣡
ͷҪ̫࣬ÿһġҪСЩ̽̽̽Ҳż£Ҹʱɡ
ľһǲʲôòãǲˣ
һЦˣͦϲ⼸˵ģ֪ǲǸõ˶лֱ˵Ӳҹϰá
ҡͷǡҪһ֧棬ҽ̨ϵ˻࣬ԺһЩһǿˡһ˶ǿˡ
һرĴεΪĴˣͷӡ
ɽú
Ҫʱ֪ʱֱʣڹһ˳ˡ
ľ̶ˣŶǴ󽫾ǰɵģǽߵԪˣǰʱ͸ţһþ;ø찡
ЦҵԸǸǴ󽫾ء
һ仰˵ǰ˶ĺ󽫾ڵĵλҲأ³ûǴ󽫾ı࣡
ǰ󽫾ܲܵأ󽫾һƬģЩ˵ͷˡ
ٿһɽˮĹϧܽһۣһݡ
ߺֹʮ죬³ͼ޶ߵ⸽

̽ţֱǰŵľǴ޼Ƶֳֽƴֽ
³ֽȻȥ˶ֽԲ޼ҵֽξˣʵڿϧ
³ժǹ𣿡ʵˡ
˵˵Ƕÿ黶裬Ұ׸³ϼֻһ̴ӳ˵ѡ
üǣ빫ǣɻԸ⣿
ˣ³ǾͶˡֻ˵³£һˣûҪ͸˲Ȱ
ݵдšˣдȥҰ׸磬˵һ˵ժǹɡ
ǲǧ飬ǲһһأ
ˣ׼ȷʵһź
ȥ˺ܿŻ˵תˣûеȡУֱǰȥˡ
ŵǵݵҰ׸ˣɰ׸ûпֻǽ£պػŰݷá
ôܵĻȻܽд⡣ŭת˼Ȧ޷޵ѵΪҲ乫𣿱Ҫȥ䣡
ʱѾǡ
˳֮ڴһۣ˵̴ӣǳóսϺθۣ˵۵Ľϣ¡
ýȻǳ
˵ؾԻ뽣̴֮֮
Ȼˣ䲢䡣
ûҪʲôҴҲûϵųǣǰˣ˰ٶͶû
Ҳܿˣ֪һͣ׻ͱ뱨ˡ
ԣҲȥˣֻ˸Ư԰ӽסֹ˽̺Ӷǹ͵ġ
ܵ˵³ҪȽ
Ĺϵɡ³ĴУԼ԰ӵ²ûУر٣һЩŮ̴ӡ򡢳µ̺˾͸ˣҲ̳ǡֳǡ⼸طΪҵűö
䣬¾ͺܳ˶⵽ϲķӣˣˣҵ
ԺӣͿӭܿ͡ŰݷãǸŮӵңȻЩ֣Ҳû̫֣Ҳˡ
ȥֶѵԺӶǡ
ۺķչȶǸûʲôëĳС
ţȴһмУƽʱ򲻵ģ򣬿ȥţ˼ȥȥȥţʱġ
Ѽ򹷣ֶԼģûγɴΧģֳϰߣһгûɱõģ͹Ҳǻǣ̯ӱߣҪŸɱ˴̽Ȼ˵ƽʱûڣҲص˻ֱϵƷ֣˿κһ༫Ϊĸ߼ƷͨպҪ
ʳ˳ԵǻףҵģũֲȫУջûũ޹أһᰴ˿ڷǮĵʱ˽ڶѹ¶ˣˡ
İտһӶ߳ǣ뿪ԼļңҲĿǰûϵĸǸʲôģֱӽӰС
¡ʳסУҲԸ㡣
ϲ䡣˵ϲġͳߡһڴʱԴĳС
ȻϻؤܷѾˡ
ۡۡһȷ涼һ󣬶޻˵֮䣬ѡһĻһѡ䡣
仹һż񡱣˳乫ӡ
乫Ǹ˧磬һγĴӣС˧ˮƽΪ֮ӣͯͯȵȡ
жأʫûһǧƪҲа˰ƪˣͷͷ۾촽ָķɣǰĽں󣬲ſʼڡ
γǲˡһĵĹ涨Ǳӣ˧粻ϳףҲӣû취ֻѡĶӡĵܵȲǴ
׼뿪ʱͻ룬ȥǸС׼˼ֵǮ͵ˣʱֱ乫ӣ˳ĻԸż棬ȸ裬˵仰
Ļ˳ڳ̹Ҫ乫ӣ˾ֱȥˡϵ¶͸һɾ̹֮Ȼ
乫ӵԺӣһڴЦһڳܡ
վſڣ˸ûƵģЦ˵ӣ˵ˡ
һѮ˧ЦʣŮӺҲӺδδȥ粻æԸգýĳһ֮ˡ
ˣҲģպˣӦñÿʡ
Цһ棬ʤ羰ˡ
˧ЦøЩ۾ʣôÿӵܣֲ׷
ӭվĿǸĿŮӳȥͷԴ˵ݣǰϹӣڿ㻹ǸϹӡ
ӭͬˣСȵһֱ䣬䵽󶼳Ľˣжˣ˶ɫʵһȷӭÿĶӺðȥ
ݴŭң
ǸŮӸղžôϲĻŮˣ
ժǹ˭󵨵Ϊ˿һ۶ô᲻ӳղߣ
ӭ̾ʮͺˡҲŮһͲ˵Ϊʲôˡ
һĻŮأ
ϧŮˣ˶ʮ갡


505 ˽
;ð, Ϊû߹ôԶ·ôԶĵطأͲԶȥԶ˷̨
ǰķ羰ǧƪһɣУɽˮհ, ɽҰ, ȸޣٿᡣ
κŵĻڽӿˣ³, ˵Ҳͻκȥˡ
֪ķ֡ϲκ
һġ
ֺϲ
빫ֻ档һΣյ³ʱ, ڶΣǹ˵Ц, ȻȥһƯкӣ˵ƽʱæµ, û취ͽΪεڹһЩ³е£, ȡЦ
Ǹкһ˫ر󡢽ëر𳤵۾, ͫӭŹ⿴һī
˵
԰Цһ, Ķ
֪ǹĳū˵ǳūƷڹ١
ʲôڹأκû, ֻ³Сʱ³̺˷ֳ֣һǹ澺͹ҴҲڹвиĸͽģҲһݺڵĹģҲƷһļƷƷƷƷƷ͵ȼŮ٣̺֮⣬ƷƷڴ󡢹߷̡ƷϵŮٶ𾴵Ĺˣĳ㣬ֳ̩˵ľǳƷסڹΪ˽̵ݺε󣿳ĵƷĹŮ͹Ҳ߹ˡ
й٣Ϊ˺̴ӡ˾̵ܹģ̴δ̵ܹġҲƷƷ̴ӣΪҪޣΪƷλȴŶ
˵Ҫڹѧѧʶ鶼Ҫѧء
ȥ˵ĸԽԽˣʱʱķЦ￴˳˽Ȱǹˣ㻹ǲҪ̫׽ĺãպġ
֮ǰֻ¶ĻԼ£ʵʵѹ˺ü졣һһ˵ֱˡ
ѹ˾ͿġҲûа취ֻȥպ˷̨˵ժǹ˻ʵۣͲҪأʱ¾Ͳᴥŭժǹˡ
ڳϣһҡһεģſϣķ羰ôء
ʱһϤӰˣ
֣̽
ЦܹĳǰҲתվϣԾĳڡ
һֱĿĿ˳˹ס˵ôŹ
£һԵĹŮ˸Ȫˮӹ˵ղϢˣҲŹġʲôˣ
óһĹĻᣬҵģ
ӹ޵ãұĶˣˣһ˫۾ˮĿ
̧ͷײһý£־塪İͣãڶ֮뿪
ûжʲô˵Сܵһ˵ΣΪΪ׸׼ġ
ΪҲŻҶһΡ
ĻϲǾܲ
ںܳһʱΪ˲
ֱڣԼᵽ˼
Ρ
һûнӴĴʡڹУȴҪʦһ̵ĸһչһ㡣
ǹΡ
ùΰ
˵һֱôģȻкܶģһֱôȰˡкܶཪ̴ӣ֪Щ̴Ӷ̺ġȻͶˣЩ˹ĵˣ̫Ľ뽪ˡ
Ǿһģ
գܾˡ˺ܾã֮󣬹һ߷ŭĽΣһ߶˵ҪգǾͲҪսְɡ
ҪҪڴʱ˵ȵ˷̨־ͻ
ϣͲ֮ˡ
˵ȻգҪһصˡ
ҪԼļҪһʲôӣҪպνԼĺӵȵȡ
ҪʲôѣҪʲôҵδҪʲô£ЩҪ
ȷô˵ϲ٣ǾҪʦң
һ
һֱܹһֱһֱڹߣһֱ̺ᵯ٣裬ᳪ裬Ʒơ㡭
˵԰Ҫٵ˶佱Ҫ˶ȲϣҪı˶ãƷƾҪ֪µľƣҪܵе㡣
æҡͷģ
Ǿѡ£Ϊҵ׷ɡЦ˵
ԣһֱʲôһӣñκ˶õأ
˹ҪҲŵ˵û뵽ڹֻһ̴ͨӶҪôС
Ҳڰ룬ʲôأȻã֪бµҲֻж顢ϰѡȲó飬Ҳûʲô֡
칫𣿡˵
ͷ̾ǰأһǴ𲻳
ߺǻƻˣͣÿ춼·ţԶҲ̨߲һ
ǰĶͣˣԿԶǴˡ
ŮǶ˳ܵݴȥ㡣
ڳз㣬֮˳ɢҰкöó棬ȥһ̲סҪˡ
ֻĸҪϺһŻ͹ҴѾµˡ
ôԷΪ͵Ķֻˣ˵̲˶ˡ
ڵʱ򣬹Ůڶˣ˶һ˶ЬӣģЦģһ㺹ܻ˳
ĸסǵϵĲݹӺͳӸһϡ
ŮŻڱ˴˵¼䡢󡢷Ѱңɾź
Ǻ棬ǴһĽ
̲סʣǵˡ𣿡
κʱĹŮȻҲмˣûôࡣ֪ǲ³жӢ飬ĹŮ³صˣÿһҪȥᣬһȴ˯ˣȥ˸ء
֮󣬰Ҳǳ˴ݣ賤ɦļ
Ҳ֮£Ůһǡӵҹʱ˯һ𣬻మǻǶô
ĸȴ·
Ҫʵ۵ģһ裡
˵ѡϵġʺһǹ
ĸ˵Ϊ˻ʺҪعģȴҪİʱǻǲһ𡣡
ˣѹǡɣҪ£˻ʵ۵ɣҲܺһ𰡡
ĸ˵֪ˣעһģ
һο˺ܾã޹֮ôˣǲˣ
ûκ£ȴʱͷţˡ
ѧκĸ質ϰκ
Ͷĸ˵ҪعҪ޸ʵۣҶҪϲ
ĸͲˣΪôڻʵǰװҪڸԼֻҪɷ֪Ůʵкܶ˵ġ
ڼʵ֮ǰǲܸమġ
ʵ֮Ϳԣĸ
ĸ˵ԣʱûϵˡ
һֱڵȣȵʵۣܸһˡΪܺһҪ¡
Ůǵкܶ࣬ǵĿڣ˶֪˹ڳ
ȻˡΪ·;࣬ϴ࣬Բϼˡ
Ȼ׸ĴҲһ̴ȴ춼
Ȼûʱ̸
֮ڶС
ڹǲǸ˽ˡ
ֿµǲŲ֪


506 ֻ
ȥ̨ĶǴ³ġ
ΪҵѾҵˣ, ·ϻκһ˵ʳ
ء
³ȻҲûС
³зҵϵ˶࣬·Ͷܴ࣬ӱĵطҪʳԴԴ͹
ǰҪǮ
һʵۣڿô֮ǰҪѪֲĴʷлʵ۽ѡͿġ
ھͺۡ
ΨһԽĵǶ߹ĵط޳·, ȫǿߴ󳵵·
ĳ̫, ݶʮݻˡ
ΪĴ󳵡سͨ·治Ҫƽû̧ҪʵҪܽʵ, Ųѳڵ
ôСˣҲֹһγ⡣
Ժ󻹽ӵγӶϢ, Ϊĳһݽ, ֻǳбŵһĳġ
ûʲô˼Ҫѹڳİ׸Ҳֻһѳ, ǿֻҪƽ£ǾܷĻȥ˯ˡ
׸ôҲ, ΪҪ³, һճȥ̨, Դͱסˡ
˵׸ѾÿȥͰĴ鿴ͰжʱȻȥһˣһġ
·ϻͬķ羰, ƼżɹȸΧûһӰҲûһֻϵ˶ѳ߸ߵ²е˲ŮųصĽŲе˵ЬѾĥ˵ףе᲻Ьӣڲϣ˫·
ϰߵǸɹ˻ĴۣǱûЬɴŵĥ˺һӲ룬ڲݹϲʯͷҲֻһۡ
ʿǶȵٵɽҰܹˣûֻֻܿţƵţҲöࡣ
ûϵ˺̴ӣв֪Ϊθİա
аոǻؼ磬ôϣǻ׷ŶߡʱˣٿԶԶĸˡ
ԭƻиûЩˣȻҲ׼ǵʳڸܰǸ
Щ˿ôΰĶ飬ôĳǾժǹŮ֮ڸ˵Ҫȥ̨ʵ۵ʺ
ӣһ޵ļǾǸߵռһܵõҸ
ҸһԵĸ԰˵ǰӺþҸˡ
õжأޱ߼ʵģʵȴ̫ңԶ
˲࣬û취Ǽǡ֪ǵļ硢ϡĸѵϸ϶ܡ
ҲֻӶ˸ǻ֮ʳ֮⣬ʱʲôˡ
֮۲һ£İձøˡ
ڳ񣬰׸̧ͷʲô£ͷΣѵ羰㲻Ҫ˵
׸ͷβŶԣΪժǹȥʺ󣬴û͵ܣΪ֪ȥһ²ŻڿǸ˽ǳȥˣ
㲻³ôˡ׸ĳ˵
ţ˼Ʒ¿Σܵ˵δĶһеĻʺ
׸Ҳǲŷ֣©һҪû
ǿһժǹѧʶ
ʺ϶ֲܴʶ˵ѧ䣬ҲܹҪ֪ǵ˷̨󣬻кܶŰݷãʺ뵱Ҳˡ
һ֮ɵˡժǹӽֲʶֶдԣдֻд³ʲô³֣ô
ʲôˣһȽѧӣһʶһû˵һƪ¶
׸統ʱŴˡ
еͬˣҲ˵ˣԭʱйŴѡ㲻̫һǻʵۻ̫ЩBOSSı׼ѡʱѡȺڹѡǵ˷̨󣬾ͱǳ࣬ȥû⣬ǱȫӼ
൱Ⱥ棬һȺһ
ϯЩ˻ܶ⣬һһҪƯûл˵
ǿ鹫ѧʶҲ湫պĹվڻʵԣ˲Żùʸ
ǰ£ֻǻҪ󣬲ܵȫ淢չǲеġ
׸綶һ̶׵һߡ
磬ھдţ칫лмǵȫʱЩ˾Ⱥ棬˵𣬵ʱֻҪˡ
ڶҪԤ輸óģʽʱҲܴһԵǸ׵Ĳݰ
ǣ׸缱ʣʲôó֮£ϲ裬ͨ
ͨ
ͨɣ
ͨʱͨҪ̫ˣҪԼûҪҪ𴫳ͨءȻǲͨġ
ɰ裿
᲻ԼдʫݳܲԼŸ˱أ
ȻᰡԸȫڱҪʱãֻҪߵ˻ᣬͲػˡ
ͦóġͨ١ͨø衣
׸ŭ£޲Ҳòƾʲôȥʺ󣿲ھͽתͷؼȥɣ
⻰˵ͺˣΧҲһƬž
ЦҼ޲Ҳǫֻ̀ܵĻȻҲֻܵʺ󡣡
ʱ׸ϲ죬²˵أҲܲɣҲ̫˼
׸Ѿǰˣˡ
Ҳһѣɡ
׸缱֮£Ѹͳ˵ߣװɣ

һȷʵһʧˡҪҪ㲡ˣҲҪܽ޻˵
Ȼժǹ˵˵ʱֻһֻ̨ҪʵҪȢţͲܲѡѡǻʵ۾ֻܵͷΧĹйѡŮˡ
ҲǲУܹ鲻ô
׸ȥñĲʱ˵㡣
дأʡ˵ʱ˵ҪԵأأ
׸磺
֭뵽һƣ֪ʲôʱģ𣿡
Ӧһ²ʽԪʽԪļգŶҲԣԽڽԪʱѹͲҲ衣
Ԫʲôʱģɣ
׸ã𾪵۾ԽԽԽԽ

׸޻˵ˡ
ȥԼĴ˷£Ůˡж䱦ĸ׶øɸɾѪģҲģһˣ
ò˰׸磬ʼ¡
ʳĳ̶ȣһ̶֧ӻҪòܵ
ΪôգǵĸǳԵģܶ˸û߹Զ·óҪ߶ҲȫûԤƣ·ŷʳûͳԹˣǴǮȴûгкʹׯô죿
ӵӻ֮ǰǳʳˡ
ǮҲԼˡ
֮󣬰ȻЩôˡ
ԤƵݿ治̫ˡ
̶ص·̺ʱҲͼõġÿһ̶֧ڽһĽǼʱ䣬Լ·̣ȻøҪ·ΣֶΡ
ھͳеӲϵΡ
ٹʮ죬˶Ҫʼˡ
ڰǰ·У
һѰն£
ȥ
ով͹϶Ȼ࣬͵ǿġ
һǵİҲܿġȱ֮Ȱһǰա
ǰ³֣ࡢκԲΣֳǣҲΡ
Ȳ³Ҳֳǣ͹Ȼе²ˡ
ĪԴѾʼˣ
Ϊûйʧȥ˽ȡģ
һʱ벻ͨȴ֪ѡѡ
ղܶ¡
ҲΪһ¿˹İա
ڷڶ죬һϢǽȼü֮
ҵһ֧ͼ޹Ķˡ
ϲ֮£ˣһʳܷŹ


507 
ǰһֱΪ̶⺺, ˶ȥѹԷ
һز֪侭ѾԼдһˡ
˺ü涨
磬սǰһҪ֪Բʮﵽʮĵͣȷδʺ, δʺ׷, δʺսδʺƵл
⼸ֵ˸˳Ӧսʽ
ɽ֣ʺϱ󹥻
һ޼ʵƽԭ, ҪоϵԿ
ʺ׷Ȼ׷о
ս², Ҫȿǲǰȫʱܡ
, ˵ҪǱ˾ĸԽСȥ̽·ϱȥ, ɽ֣ûк̲Ұޣׯȵȡ
Ȼɼ·̽, ɵذ, ȥβ·, 顣
սԤ󣬽ҪǰԶս򣬶̫߲ûϵ, Ӻ󳷣Ҫȳȫش
Ȼˡ뿴ⳡ̻ʲô
һбҪööࡣ
Ϊ밢
˳ĴӦˣ˵𣿡
˵Сʱء
˵ĻñãҸȲƽ
ʧΪˡ
˵ɣ
ǣһͰͬĴӶŲֻǮˮ͸Ȼڻı뻶£б
˵ĳһ·ȵȫشʱһҹڼûͣ
ͣʱѾû˵ˣĹŮĸҲ˵ˡ³ȥһ˵䡱
ЦͺãǾɡ
ȾϲĶĸ˵ã
֮ǰժǹò¶棬ĹŮҲԣժǹ˽ˣ
ָ֣ûֳǣͻˡΪɫųˣڹ˽˵ѡڶл㷺ۡ
֪ǲ¹ʮˣֹ¶ˡ
ժǹֳˣҷ
˽;Ȥȥˡ
ժǹ
ڹֳ棬Ҳˣⲻ˵𣿰ɸˣ
ȥݵϳԷĸˡ
һСŮӭ۾ͷֲˡ
ʲôʱô᣿
ȻͷԼַ˾Ĵ
ӡݣյūκȫ׼൱ˡô˵ɣĹϽϽûĹῴ
Σĳū⣬ֵֹСģò˼顣
ôˡʲôʱʲôʱߣû֪
ǰҲġ
ʼˡ
ٰʮƲߣɶ԰ǡ졣
ֻ뵽Գȫˣǵİ˳
ɽھͰԧ죬Ҳ²֡
ߵĹŮڶࡣ͵̸СɣպһУ˳Ȼ
ͷװɵ
ͨɱ΢΢֮ĨγԣͰĸḻһ㣬ˮ̹Ұˡ
緹ߵˡŮʿûʲôͬ
Ľ̲˶ˣٻζڶζûˡ
ٷԵúܲ
꿴ǰıݣʼΪʲôŲݲʳأ
ߵĹŮʿڲժҰˣ˾ǲˣʳûȣԵٶ࣬˻ǻ
ҲʶüҰأŮĸҰˣȫȹӶš
ûҡ治ʶǰϼʱȻҲԹҰˣûժʱеľڡʲô취һˡΰˡ
ŵڣʶľ͸ˡ
ԽԽԶԺȻͷͷĶڵϲ֪ڸʲô
һ£һֻˣ԰ڸ㿴Ǵ󽫾
ЦŴչȥһۣļôģ󽫾˼
ȫ̵Ĵ̧ͦͷ־Ѵ󵶣ʮ䡣
Ҫõһȥˣ浽һѴõ߿Ĩγˡ

ϣͰ˯ڳϵȥˡ
СӦһ
Ϊκ£ȥ׳
ҡͷҹΣհﱣ㣡ﻹһСأ
ָжֺЦΧŰǧأΣգǵһˡһѣȥ
񱻹Цһۣ˲䶮ˣʱˣֺµҪ
ֻǺõġúõİҲúõıֻҪңͿԸһ𡣡
붮˳ʱͻȻ˹Ǿ䡰ңʲô˼
԰¡
ŻĶ԰˻£Ǳ˰
Ϊϰ뺦Ǳ˹
ֻʣ¡úõİҲúõıһˡ
˵ǹģ˻ˡȴҶ˯ˣڳǰųڵһֱϱ۾
񿴵۾ģǡĹȥһ¡
ס죡г
Ķ˵һúð㣬ᱳ㣬Ҳᱳѹ˯ɣ
᲻֪ΪͻȻӿͷһ۾˯ˡ
ڶ죬ǰһ·̽˵ǰˮԴȻûкӣʯˮðҲ˺ܶˮˡ
һˮˣĿˮҲеˡˮڹǳԵһֲˣˮֳ㣬ҶӺۣóԣͳζҲ
̸ϵƬˮԴأ̽˵ûкܳһζðˮӣˮƸı䣬ܿպһӣ·ðһȪ̶
θʵĵطͣʿڿȡˮ㡣
ʱ̽ȴͻȻ·ȥݳʿûжһ޾ͽܣ˵سȥ
ˣӦ˵кܶܶˣ
ڳϣһ˶Ѿ˳еĻԶˣ
ĶֱӰѰųѰӵϣҲܹĸ͹ŮԼݳʿ𣺡ߣ
ʿһӱޣ͸ŽĳҲˡ
ŵ棬溰ǿ㣡ܹ찡
ѰƵ棬ס˵ûµģһͣǾܸˡ
ŵͷ֪ʱܽгͣ£ǾҪΥҪͣҪǣͣĸ͹ŮǻᱻɱǱ
ǰ֪˶ãȵͣʱͷҲûʲô׷ɱǡ
ʱ³ѾһװҲѰȹӴ˽ᡣ
Žż󿴣ôҲĸǵӰ
ɵȥʽǻ𣿡ҡͷ֪
ѵѾˣ
˻ƻ裬һʿѺһˣģŴѾˣҲˣȴˡ
ǳǧ֮⣬ʿѳ˸
һǸŮӡϴ·ԼһһϲȻԼ𣿡ۣ㣡
Ůӵײײܵ˵ϣȻҲͣ֫ŵصԶԶľͿͣݳ˾һǴ
Ⱦңҽ飡ǽˣ
ԶԶеʧҲ̫ʧղĴӼܣŻĻ龪һ
ŮǰۣѪգԲɫֲý顣
ǰȥʻȻ˵ǽŮƺԳڣ˵͹ȥԹԼ˽
Ϊɣ
˵˵ΪòűԼУߡǽáŮһԼ˵ˡ
İ˵ĹŮڶͽ̺ɡ
һеС˷ܣǹмŮŮҲӦõģһֱûаȻǽˣҲŮ
һǱȴ־ߵŮ˸ȥٽ񣺡
ɨһǾɫ֮ˣͷľǡһŮ˳˹谭
һֻСл񣬡̫࣬õĺãдôġ
ĿһȥŮˡ
Ůȥʱƣ˺һͻȻϸһѣһ˲͸ˡ
Ҳһ૵Ҿû


508 ·
ȷʵ, һ·ͷãϵ۲ɾ߳˶, ϵ˶ø
Ͱһ, Ȱһλӿˡ
ңҲ̺, ϳԷʱݸĸɱ, ҧڣ͡Ӳı촽, ٳˡ
ѱ˾Ϳҧˣ
۾·ʱ̺ˮӯӯ⡣
Ա߿һ, ְһ̾ͱŮǸչ
̾˿ʹ˸ɫ
Ħȭˡ
֡լİϷҪѧϰĿγ֮һ, Ȼ˹û֮, ڿ۸, ͵ȲҪˡ
һʾ⣬̻˸λڰ, һʱʡҪҪˮʣϲӯӯĵͷҪ
ʾȥˮ
鱻ĿһţȥԵʢˮ˴ԼֻŽšȻˮʢҲһ롣
Ҫӣס֣飺ˣҪ̺ˣȥԹţ
麬ᣬ룬ȥԹˣһͶˣµʺȹϺЬϡ
Ժ۾һ۾ɨˣùոմɾĽֱ۲ϻɢų
ùͰҪسȥϢˣϳΪ̫ˣŪ۳ڵĽ͵ӡ
ܿˣҹʿ֮⣬˶˯ˡ
̴ǹŶ˯ڲϯϣͰ˯ڳͰ˯һ
ҹʺϸϸĿҡ
ӳ̽ͷһָ飺򵽱ȥ̫ˡ
ᣬȴ˴ްܼ񲻶ˣ˰ΣԶˡ
֮ûˡ
صѽҪ£۾Ц˵һǷû㲻һˡ
úЩɬ˵Ҫ˵˯
ۣˣ
ŭôôܿ
סС͵Ц߳ŭǰ֨ЦŶĻҹ졣
һųЦַ
ˣСŮСˣôҪһֱأΧ˶鰮˿Ҳ̫˵ˡ
͵֪ˡ
ЦᶼҲ䣬˵Ǳ
ڶ컹н
Цã濴ۣȵķְ˵òǰôѱ棬͵ˣǼӳˣ񣬳ֳȣĿ㣬мۣŮߵʱڡ
ʰ
ͷ
һ쵽һ˫۾֪ϲŭʱˡ
ͷζǾͺá
һʤ֮ɫˣϲĿ£ȻסسȥˣֱѲߵСӰûĸ͹Ůų
ǻٶƺǴӳϵȥʳ·
мֻӺҲ³֮
ȡһϣ˵ǽ֮
Ѿ»ȹżһͷڸҿ
ΣһֻΣʵǲ죬ǲǽġɵȻѾˤˣܿվ¾ס
ģ
һСôõĽ
ǲҲò׼
аֱ棬Ҳ֪ǻĸԺ϶ǽ֮
סĸȥϢ
ĸҡͷ˵صģǾͱҵˣֻǿˣҹ·ΣղûϢһҹһ㶼ۡ
ʣµκ·˵Щǽģ
κһǰ󣬽κκʱ˵ĶأԼǵãĸȴǵǰռ޸κʱ氢½ʽѣǰҲ¹üΡ
ĸ˵иС͵ġ
ˣСʱκ٣ǲǸɫģ
Ľκ٣Ҳ٣ǵƴǴӵѧģҲʮǰ̨еΣǵζľƵģҲľΡľࡣ
ǰôξǽġ
ʱȤҪ˲Ҫ¶ǸĻ
˵һء
ֹ֮ʮǱ߲ϢʱսѾɨɾǻȥ
ⳡ̴ü
֧̽飬ȻûжеĻҲûз̨ʹ˵ʹһʹȻط̨ˣûиŶһߡ
Զ鱻ҷˡһɢˣȥְ˳øɢûϳ͵ĵֿͰˡ
ҲһЩֵǮĽǮѾȥ˿ˣǿܱȥľͻٵ
ץ˵˵ģҲ˵ǽ˵ġ𽪼ֻײһŮǽٵĳﶼŶʮŮҲйˡŮͶһжԶܲ㣬Ͳͣ൱ӡǳȥʱܵģʣµĶڳܶܡ
ڽ˵ҪˣֻҪǮǰѳ˸ֻ˳ߡȴɨսʱȥŮŮȫؤһˮԲݸҶֻȫһ𣬵Ƚ˷䡣
ʣһжˣ˴𣬹ǧࡣ
ǧˣ˵಻࣬˵ٲ١룬˰ȶ£ȹĶˣʱǸϵȥɡ
ѾˣЩİǲܸϻȥˣҲһطˣԶ̨ȥڷ̨½ׯˡ
·ϵʱ䣬Ҳѧ³Ĺأͺùˡ
ˣȥܣȵܡʱǼǲľȱ֤ţһʼȥÿ˼סԼ֣סԼͬһӵ˵ĳ࣬ŶʱվһмðġеĻһ˲УҪҪһӣǰֶҪԵϣˣһҲһӡòץ
ʳ࣬ټǮȫ˻˵Ķ͹֧֧գٽʡЩʱµʳҲ͵ˡ
˿
õһϢһ·ߣ޺õ·Ѿ̶ӿʼˣһٶȿټӿ켸֣Ҳֻ·øԶˣѾĹֽĻ·˳ȥ
Ҳյ˹ֽǴֽֽȾɫģĺѹȷʵܾ¡Ǵݳֽī±ʺ̨ûķıȫˡ
ʱķıֽɹ⣬ʡˡȻݰֽ˹İϷȤڹңûֽõֽƣƳþѡ
ȥ˹ȰϡƷһݴֽʹķıȫǧ
Ļͺܺ˵ˣʿӶԻ乫Ϊϰߣ˵ŮѴʵ˾ˮ֮ɣǿʵۣ乫ӡ乫뻭ıضǸʽӣʱ˵ѣʱ˵ͷʱ˵Σվʱ˵ĵطʱ˵¡Ϊʱֻصģ乫Ӻ˿ʮˣҲֻˡ⻭ǲ乫ֻúòãˣˣ乫ӡ
˿ʼֻΪӵĻԳ乫ӣ˰ͰԼĻ˳Ϊ乫ˡǻһˣӴϵ乫ӻô˸߼󣬻ҡ
ҲģÿǲһеĳˣеĲӣеĻϲӣеϲ꣬еڶ飬е轣ȷʵһˡ
ֲǺͿ
룬׷ݵֽķı乫ӵĻ˳Ȼ
ķıͱ˸ʵ۵ĹƷС
ٰʮģǼǽȥ
С鱻ϼʣԹдãٹԹԻȥ䲻֮ǰʲôôˣֻˣĳôµȵȡ
Ǹһգ̫ƽĺˡ


509 Լ
·
һڳ, ۾ѵֻһˣô徲ʲôȥ룬ȥܣֻԼš
̨׽һԼȥʲô, Ǳڴȥʲô
ʱǶصýѹˡ
ǶΪһȥ, ǳء
ǡ
ʶ˿Ҫʲô֮ǰضһжͨ͸ˣضһжϵ

ʵϲδ֪ǰʲô˲֪, ʲôΣղ֪ʲô谭ֻҪһ뵽, ͻᾫ
ϲѩ׵»ȷĿ, ֪ĿĵأͰȥ
ǻʲô˼
Ϲ˳, ڳУ񡣡

ȣΪ˱ܳ, 泵ڶɴ, Ϊ˷͵, ûӣʹһѣ¶ԡ
ʲô£ʡ
, ˵ģѾˣˮҲûиһڡʿˮʿҪ£ϡ
ǽˣֻŮӣǰȻֻܵˡԽҲͰ˿һʼϣֻųߡһ죬۵òˣڶ׼ڳԯϡ
ȻᣬߵĹŮɲһᣬĸڻĵһ쿴Ͳϲǽн˶ţĸŪĽţϳˡ
ŮΪС
ĸ͹Ů鳤󣬺οһٺҲ˲ˡ죬û
ȴһֱĿ׼𰢱ϧ͵͵ð¶ڳԯϱɹ϶ڰµǲരʱ̶Űܿܿࡣ
ʧˡ
˵ҾͿʲôʱſ˵Լʵݡ
Ѿȷˣ֧ȷʵԹͼ޶顣Ϊʲô۰һԼŮȥ̨һ᲻ãֻһȺڹ޸̴֮Ӹ棬Ͳö֪ˡ
ȷʵûнԹͻȥģԹҲûκһŮˣŮǹŮֻ˽ĲƱū
˵ҿԹӵĹ
ȻòƺںͶʳȥŮܲһʺ֮λ
ʵ۵Ҳܽϲ
ֱ˵Թˣ˵Թڷ̨һʲô֡
ķӦֻһܣ̨˽
Ӱ׸ķӦв³ܶණɰ׸Ҳϣá죬ǰʳһжû˿졣ڻʵ۵࣬صúϡ
Ψһȷǻʵڷ̨һܡǲ֪˭ϵġǳƺÿܶ໨úݳ֮⣬ûиˡ
Խ֪Խ֪
Ϊ黹ٶż죬ϵͶ԰̹ˡ
ŵ̽񣬡˵Լǽˣ
̹ˣȴһ裬ճĸ˰֤ȻھͿͷҲʡƭ
ŰޣȻ̣Ͷɿ񲻱װץסֺֿµĿϼۣ˵ԼͿҪͶˣǼŹֻͽ˰ſˡ
Ӿðܾˡ
һ˵³񲢲ô򶯣ֻ˵ǰκȥ³
鴹Ҳƭ˵ġʵ±˸ˡ
Ҳ
Ȼ֮ŮĸҲ׵ģµ֮ˡԣǻʵĹЩŮ͸Һˡ
ЩŮŮҲûʲôͬЩŮٻһᱧź˯ĸס
סУȴʮ֮ǰûм룬һ죬ҲϳŮ˵Ϊء
СͲܣԼĹ⣬ﶼȥΪ±˸ˡ
СʱŮסڱǣҲ̨ף֪˭ɵģҲ֪ΪʲôҪ
һ·ͳʳϹŮ㰡̫ˣ˿ҪŮ˿Ҫ޵ġ
ˣֹǹŮĳ輧ҲǶǣҳǰѾɫ˥ķ˿Ҳϲ
ΪԼһĿݲݣôУͻȻ֮䣬ʵҪѡͱ͵ǰ
๬ŮȹͻȻ֮ӵ˱ӵеĶ
Ӵˣͼᶨһ
Ҫʺ
һҪʺ
ʺֻȥˡ
ԣʱҲϼ˰ϻȥˡѣÿΣ˭ʺ֬ڵü죬ֻá
Ҫһ
κȻκ潿ΣҲһ֮
ʵۣ
߻ʵۣ
ڶҪγ˲עκƵ£࣬κϣˣͲܼʵˡ
ڻôɡҪƽ˷̨ʵۺܡ
һϣҺӵ̫ףٰԹڷ̨ĳӸˣϻʺ֮λΪһ֮Թ˿ڻʵ۵Ĵл֮⡣
˽еϮ
С飬ѯԹϡϣϲǸ֮ˡ
СҲȷʵ˵˵ϵ͵̨ȥ˶һһԹҲʷƾãϸһͬǣǾǷ̨ˣǸ̨ĳһι޵ԹСʹԹ仧ճԹһա
ְϸӻ˷̨
û̫ˡ
Сֻ֪ϵԵϮ˾һ֪ˡ
ûϵֽ˰׸磬Ϯˡ
׸绹֪ң˵ϮŶүүѾжʮ˰ɣ
ϢҲܾˡ
ȻҲǷ̨ȥģʱѡԭûʲôʱĻʵ̬͸ˣȥԹ󣬼ûûҵ˶ƾԼҵڻͷ
ϮǲóģȻҲᱻ䵽̨
ϮƴӪôڷ̨վסŸ֮ҲٸһЩǮˣڷ̨㡣
ϮĶӣӣҲ̳˵Ϯķ
׸ʶΪ˷ǳƨ˭ƨģڼһһԵ׸ͱĹҲ˺ܻ˵ۻʱһˡ
顪λԹ˰׸硣
ֻԼ׸Ȼ˫ۣ֪кϷˡ
죬ð׸ȰĳڳԼ
Լ°ݣлл󣬰׸ȥ˵־ճһˣ˰Ӳŷ
׸ۿǶˣΪԼҪˣ׸ǰŰѳóžܵһˣһ㶼Լ޲ܸһ
Լˮʳڳ췢Ϊ򡱡
˼죬Ѱ׸йβ˶׸֪⼸칫ڿЦߵСоɫԼ
ˣѵ̨бԼˣ׸һ̣ĴУֻй
汻Цˡ


510 ̨
ҪѰ׸ȹ³, Ϊ˲ϧ׸һôΪ֪һڳ˵жҪʵ۶ĳ谮Ტۡ
׸类顱Ժ󣬾㱾е㶯ҲȫŻȥˡŮ˾ǰڸȥ, պֻࡣ
ֻԼ, ҡܸĨڡһɫ˶ѡ
㵽˽
Ͷÿ̸һ̸̨ϡ̨µˡ
׸֮ǰһЩɱ, ؼʱ׳нķڷģҲû취, ֪ͱȥ
֪ʵǷ̨¸ҵֲҵ˭, ʲôʲôƢ֧߶ıߵ, ɫӵ˭ȵȡ
ֻƤë׸֪޲ԣΪϲӹ, Ͱѷ̨˵üҼҶꡣԽԽ, Ͳ˵ˡ
ڵóԸ
һ, ׸ҡ
ҵһϸΪ˵ԺҪȥݷ칫
Ѿȵ˷̨Ҫÿһ˼Ҷһ顣
ֳûôĵ, ڲͬˡԲشӱ˿д֪£Լȥ
Ǵߵ죬ڳҲ봩Ƥʱֻ̨һǵľˡͷ̨֮ĳӦ
ӦĶӺ˵ԣӭλ
׸׼лǣԼĸɾƯ򽪼һܹȥĳΪòʮʱ䣬˷̨һ̨סʮܻؼң
׸ĲӣֲһԼתͷͶԱ˱˵˽顣
ôˣֻһʱûҵôɣҪ϶ôһˡ
ֻܾ⡣
ɪɪ
֮ȫһƬһơûвݣ¶ƶĵ档֮ʱĵľɫȫΪС
Ϊӭ֧飬ûпպС̷ǰֻֻѲĳӵ
׸һ³ͱ紵ô˸۽Ǳú޲ܷɵϡ
һů͵Ķ񣬿첽ߵǰһҾӣǽ˵
Ͱ׸죬֪һͷסһƣЦⱭƣѳҲǹˣ׸ӹһˣľӺθȫˡ
ŰѰ׸ϽԺ͸Ͻó¯ϵȣȣء
׸ŵζˣʱˣպеԡ
硣
࿴Цɳˡ
ʵѡܹӦѡҲλа׸һȫˣǴһ
׸ЦĳҲֻѡ
˵˵Ҳдøˣƪӽ³Ľ˰ٶᣬʱûкģҲҵȹͣ׸֣һҪϽ͹ǽ̨Ҫȥʦ»ذɡ
źΣ˵Ҳãξһ̨ˡˣ乫ҲҼҵء
׸磺ţҸ
˵³˵Թһ飬׷ġ
׸磺˵
ĳŽ˳ǡ
ûС̷вٰΧָָۡ㣬֧ͼ޵Ķױ񣬳еĹǲòܲƥʵۡ
ͰĳŴȽ˳³ϢʱѾ³òˡ
׸ϲŹȾǸԼĳݶڽϹ򿪴˿ڱѯʱ˵³ĳ˶о֮ݡȵ˷̨һ¶棬ţƤʹˡʱ˲ΪԼıֻΪǽڹⴵԼ
һ¡Լ涼Ůˣֻһ䡰ɫˡĴ
㡣
׸ϴž֪մϯһκͻȥ˯ġ
һŰ׸˵˵ģ˵Ƥʼˣͳûˡ
糿׸羪֮Լڵĵطԣʱҳһˡ
׸ҲˣͷҲɢˣЬҲ֪Ķˣ
ԼĶһѱãסٽҵĶ
Цӣβ緹ߣ׸缱ţ޵ҧתһ룬ͦҪҳ壬룬㲻ȥˣ˭У
ûһأֳˣİ棬һ侲ˡ
ˣ˵ɫ죬ͼĻɱ˽İѱأ
ԭ⣡
סˣҪУ
Ц˵ʲô
׸ֻõͷԸǲ
ʱҲˣһ֮Ҵʳ˻ʵ۵ࡣ
ǣû˼ʵ۵Ŀ
ʵʮˣûһλ˵
ס˶סˣ૵ôأ
ʵ۲顢ʦʡ
׸ҡͷֵͷݹʦ칫ѡأû顣
ʦˣˣʵˣʵ۲ˣֽˣʵֲˣʵ۲ֺˣֽˣʵֲˡ
ʵôúõģ˼꣬ее˥ˣеǷֲԣдǻؼˡ
ҶˣҲָʵⲻǺ
ʵûҲʹǿĿĻᡣ
׸úܴҲȥҴˡ
Ͷˡ
ʵ⣬˶֪˵µˣװ֪
һǾͲԡʵ⡱޷⡣
ֻлʵ۲ܽһʵۡ
ϵ˱ѡĻʵۡ
Щǽ
ŭˣ޲ɱ˰׸硣
⺦Խأ׸Խʹࡣ
ˣҪȥҲˡ
ߵġ
˵뼸λҲҪȥ͹ӻ³ص³󣬿˭۸
š֣Է׸磺빫֮ˡ
Цÿļˡ
׸絹Ǿɥˡ
磬Ժ󣬻ã˵Ҫ͸
׸װ
ѸˣʵµڻСΧܡҶ̨ôҲ֪
ȻŮӣԶֺ֣αأ
Լ˳
ŮǷǳҵģһȺֻ֮һģ֮󣬾ûбˡ
ŮһԼͳȥˣֱ뿪Ҳûٳ֣Ҳûپټһˡ
׸Խ̾Ǹˡ
ЦӻǼ˵ɣëǸʲôˣ
׸簵̾ëҡ


511 ռ
Ӧ̨·ϵԶ, ʮ춼ûĿĵصһӰӡ
ȴǳǳĽµƽĴ·֮ǰС
³ںһɽһ³ֳС֧֣ãҲᴩʼա
Թɽء
, ɽӵļз, κء
Ѿ򲻺á
κƺܺãһӶûС
Ŀǰ߹ĵطȫƽԭһ޼ʵԭҰ, С˴һ, 죬ó̫̫, ꡣ
Ȼֵصİղֻ࣬Ҫѣܿ
ƽһξڴм䡣
ð, ؾˮ
ôʺǨӣչ˿ڣ, ͨϱ
Ӧ, һ·ССǡ಻ʤ·϶ǰ, ·Զǰݺֲ
ܿ·߼ҼһŮӰѷĳ֯, ͷ¶ĵط̫õʱ͹֯
ǻΧСӣžĳָָ㣬Ц˵
Ƕµأֵصļƺ³Ҫã˺üֿʽ磬ǰšŵ磬Ҳһ˲Ҫһһµġ
ţ٣¿࣬ϰõĽҲ¿
³İնò¿أﾹȻҼһõ¿𣿽Ľˡ
Ҫ۶ˣ⸽Ӧ˰١̯ɵ١հȫкҸߵĵطˡŻôˣǿҲܰҵ
׸緢ֹͻȻˣƺֱߵʲôҪԼ֯ĴֲЬܣĲ֪ʲôĶ̲ˣƵĽı
СǡСǷһÿһҵÿһҪ
˵׸ǮҲòǮҡҡ޼ҵȸ׷ļ嶼ˡ
һ³ֵãһʺֵˡ
ҪЩʲôأ
ǲԷˣԵľͳԱˡ̨ḻˣ˶ԵʣܳԵĶ³ö࣬ʳƷַḻˣĵƷҲḻˡ
˳طĴףֱ֣ǣǲ˷ǡ
³ҲеĻףƺ棬۸ҲˣĵĶ࣬Եĺ١
Сףļ۸Ҳܱˣͻ൱ӦҲ٣ӦҲǶֲ
ˮ֣࣬ڴȴܶǶУرڽĳǣȻÿձҪ֮һ
ϲʳƷ֣˲٣Ȱ󣬽һ֡
׸ȴÿ춼æΪˣԾͰƳȥӦꡣÿ˶಻ʢϡġѵûʵѡһκѵһڼſڿʢᣬһҲѵһأ汲ϣҲô¡
Բһһ˵仰պûˡҴŶôġ
׸类ס˰ѱò¡
ھͺһ£³ڲֻͬʵ⣬ȴûҪعǼ̨ߣ
ͼضС
ȴҲ벻͸ܸʲô
ʱ³ժǹʱֻȨʢǵ˷̨󣬹Ԯ㷢˻ʵ۵ĿҲ޿κΡʱֻܽġ
Ѿ֪ˡӦףܽɻʵ۵õʲôˡʵ۲ܸȨƣһ֮⣬ʲôҲ޷ӻʵõ
һûˣͬеκԹǻعȥ̨Ǿͻȥͬ³һӦһԾŶڷ̨õȨ϶û³ࡣ
αһҪȥ̨أ
ʼȥˡ
ߵԽԽˡ
ΪݷõԽԽࡣ׸˵
⡣
װȥ׸Ҳ⣬ڻ
ôɫҲͲˡ
һطʺϰڴ˵ֵظǷӽ´ׯطҲСΪľԤľӪҲˡ
ΧûʲôׯҲپ·Ѱƺƽ
Ψһǣ˵йһ½ҲûٽмݣҲûаոס⸽
ǲģҲʲô˼ʵۺȨη嵽ҿ
ʰ׸磬ûʲô˵
׸磺ӽص֮ط𣿡
ԥһ£˵ʵǳԤ֮ء˵Ĺ
Ϊʲôأ
ҲȷʵһءΪȵ˵ҪװĽһĹ泯˸ңʱʺڣʵ˸ʺˣλø˳ʺʵۻϰѻʺȥ˵ûסʺסȵۻʺ󵽵˶˵塣
׸ǲ֪
ȻȻȵ۰ĺͿ£ǻʵۣΪ߻䣬û˸ָȵ°ò̫ãȵҲû˸˵
Ȼ󣬳šǲŵȵꣿʱ˵
Ԥصأôˡ
׸磺ȥ󡭡ֹġǸøλá
ðɣȵѾˣȳҲˣǰʵ۵ͿԺˣ֪ĶضԲԣʱѳһˣ
ȻֻҪ뵽պʷл˼أ˻β룬˵ͽܲˣ˲˵ȵΣֻ˵ΪεȰ룿ʵΪףΪӶʱʷصҪһڣҪߵġ
˵꣬ǰ͹һЦ֮
ȶ鵽˷̨׸ժǹûңսžͱץ칫ǰ
칫װ̴ץҩңСӣ㴳´ˣ
׸úʱϰߵ칫Ьϥ£Ҵˣ˵СʣʦҸջ
칫ѪٱĳĶ䣺㻹֪ջ㣡ô£׸ãȻꣿ
꣬ǿԤءߺͱ³˸ռˡ
׸磺==
غضˣһͨһͺĴԼҵļұǰȥЩͻȻҪǷӵ˸Ȱߡ
Ȱ͸ϡ
ϣЩ˾ǲȰ
ʲô˵ǹ֮أ
³ˣ˵Ĺ˭ֻժǹģժǹŮ
غص˼ȫǴ˵ͨ˵ժǹ˵δĻʺ󣬺ðɣǿҲˡ
Ȱ
ʲô˵ҪΪժǹþ͸ùԹ뿪ȻᱻĨڣУҵڴֵأ壬ú
غص˼˵ͨ׼䡣
ϣٶ˸ǰϰգǧ˾Χˣ
³Ǵűģ
Ȼڴ˵˼ǧнʺĻǵ̵ģ
غظȥȰ˵ļ˱úá˻ȥ˺ܽ˵ᣬȻһͻǽˣûˣ˸Ǻúõͻˡ
Ǿ֮仹ʲô᣿Ǿ˸ȥǼҺú˵˵ɡ
ߣͻˣ߼ʮ
غصȫˡ
׸磺==
ԱкĵʦֶŸ˵غΪؼˣѾȥ˲Ǯ˻ûŻֻˡ
һʦҡͷǿ
׸磺
칫ʹļף˾Ǽסţ״˵ȥӹôúȰռ˳껹˵ôԴôռء壬ʲô
׸磺
Ҳ֪


512 Ͷ
Ƕˡ鷳Ҳˡ
칫Ҳû취װ, ֻô򿪴ӭͣǽֶһ߻ҩ롢ҩ¯ûϵٴһñ, һ, ΢΢
һ˲˵
ܶ˽ڿɫȥԱ˵ɫһʱ֮ûȿڡ
Щ³ô£ǧʡ
Ǹ, Ϊӡֵ, հʮÿɵ˰Ҫȥˡ
칫֪, ʮͰѱ͵͵ǲɢˡʵ۲̣αذôеıʮͲˡ
ҰѴǮˡǧƽʱţسս, ԱȻսº͵͹սϣʱɱС
, ٺʲˡ
칫һۻǧ, ʾë˵
ë˵Ҳġ, ³ų̤̂
ͼ޹һĹ䵣ΣȻҲӵĻʮҡ
³Ҳй޶, նΣжС顣
˺ڣǧ׼ˡ
³ʲôǧ̨͹޻췴
ëεˡ·ǲˡ
һ֪³ھ̨ʮĵطӪկ̴Ǻͼޣ³λԺȥݷãǸСйζûˣ˵ʻֱۿҪûˡ
ëҽҽ˿ˣ˵Զ³ˮ
ëʣҽΣ
ҽȡˮι¼ɡ
Ҫ˻Ҫǧܻ³ȥȡˮȡ
ֻȲˡ
ң³ıǺйصģ˼ų̂뿪ҲҪ³ķϣһЩһ㡣˼Ҿ˵Ҫʺģһ³ˣ³ûӣһ֮Ҳˣͬܣǲѧˡǻʵô죿ô죿
ǧŭһȥ
ߵúǡһߣ㲻˵û³·ԣҲ˵Ĵ£׷Ҫ취
ëѿЦˣתͷ칫칫¸Ǻã
칫칫ʼݵĴһͱˣֶʱТȥһߺүүһ߿һߺ˼ҩҽôôѪļʣȻֻǰĺȥ
һߣ칫ͻָˡ
Ϲȥһ죡
Ȼ˰Ѱ׸ҽŴ򣡡׸ղŻϺȰ칫ˣ̧齾ߣ뾪ʧ룺ޣޣң
ͣүүҪúȰ˼ұ̫
׸ſޣأҪȥ˰졢ǰ졢ǰ챻˻ûأ
칫׸ſʹѵʹԼддشס칫Ľſޣʦ֪ˣ֪ˣ
칫ųССҩףͷϣĶˣ׸磺Ҹŵģ
칫޵£ҩ̫СŲ񫣬ֱԴ³κ㵹Ǽǵˣ֣Ĺô˵ץԹô˵ԺȥҪ˵ҵѧ
䣬׸ĺµĴס칫ţʦҪңҪң
칫޵ۣŭˣɤӺˣ
׸ŸĳСʣһ߳飬һ߼ᡣ
һˣվڽµëˡ
ëˣ˸תĻˡ»Ҫ찡ܲܰ
ﶸȻһȻ׸ϥųëѽȥ
Ȱ׸׵곤ԼյСӾ͸ԼƵģϥųᣬͳϴɾ·ãվ
׸ޣʦ֡ձƨɡվˡ
Сʱ򱻴ˣٿ˹ˣţ̧ȥ
˰Ѱ׸ϣ̧𣬰׸϶Ҿˡ
ȥ飬ٳ
³ĹֽǸöˣ㡣칫˹ֽ󣬾ʹѼĲ鶼¼ֽϡ࣬ӡӡҲܶ࣬һ˳ϼҲͳˡ
ҿʼԼֽҲֽ칫ǰֽÿֽÿ־һҵֽÿ궼³
Ȼͻᱳˡ칫ȵ˺飬ֽ˵ӣܷһЩԵĵӣһãϼӺá
׸سȥ˲ٴӵܲٶл׸磬ʡǳĹˡ
׸ˮĻȥŽȥ칫ëڶ
³емĹ飿ʡ
ë˵ı
Цһоı
³֣κԡࡣ
㡣
֣Ը³鵱³С
κ֪Ϊιʣѹ͵³κҲ³С
Թ;³ȡˣ顭Ҳѱȥ
Թߣ˵һ̨ˣҲδصеù³
ڣǶû˰취Ȩ³
ȻʺλûôҪҪ˭Сɵ³ȳöࡣ
ëʣڣô죿
칫˸У³ͽȥгԸ
ǶҲǣҲǣضðա³гˣǵʱֻҪ³߾С
ëû˵УҲû˵Уֻʣǳ³أܰ³ͻ³óô죿칫ɴۡ
һ˵ҪŮ֡һ칫ëѶЦ
Ƕ˵˴
ëѵ͵֪ܲŮһ𣬱ΪС
칫ţЦ㼸ʱĸŮ޲£
ˣһƬ˵ļž
칫ͣȷʵҲ޼ɵʸͷëתͷʹﾰҶˡ
Ҫ³͵ȥ˭ȥͣ

칫ëѺɫһ˵ٹ׸̧ȥˡ
칫ԴӹʮԺԺٹٹҲ˿ʮˣ˵Ҫܻʮ͸ĳٹ
ƨɲˣȥʲô˭е칫˽
˽˵˸ͦĹӣ˵³ˡ
칫
黹ǳˡ
ëЦǣˣи׸ˣ߶͡
׸类³һоߣ칫ٴ¡һȥ˾Ͳˣֹ˼գ˵׸类³Ϊڳ裬ˡ
칫ֶԣȥСӸץ
ϽȰģ׸ûôãҲԼ˲ᱻ³еġ
ԸȰǰҼ³ڳ裬һʹʧˣһó裬òƷˡ׸Ȳ˼һָͷ
칫𣿣
̨ȽҪ󣬹ǰҲĸӵֳͣڹǰĴ㳡
׸羭ʱԹǽҲĿ
㳡ıģҸһųǽҲ¥ʢŻʵۺ͹󳼡
Ϊıģƽʱǲĳڴͣ˵ʵ۵ĳܷĳһλʵ̰棬ԼݳҴܣ浽һͰͳ㳡ˣ˺ܾãʷˡ
㳡ûôʥˡ
׸һԸ˵¸շʱ칫ҲȰɹ˵˶Եûʵ˾Ȼ칫ǾͲٶ˵ˡ
ǲǴҶ̫
ꡣ׸ͷ
ǳǻʵۣҶûʲôǾͲܰ£ԾͲִܹҲ̫ˡ
ԳҲʡ£˼һȺ֮⣬Ҳٶ칫ָֻš칫ȻҲԸǮ߶Ŀǰദģʽ
ڶԻʵϣǵҲһµġ
ǶҪһ̫ӡġ
ô˵׸һ˵ǣαʵһ̲ˮԸ⣬ھͿ֮˵Ļ»³ȥұ̨֤ȥðɵҲȥʺ
ҶתʣµĹŮ𣿡
ָĵطһȺǾ۹ϡŮӣ綼һֻܿᣬǳᣬĻҲλŮŮ
׸磺ٽĸ¡ʵ۲ֻһʺ󣬾ĹҲ˶ѣôԵó
Ըѡ͵һѾͽˣ׼̻ʵλ
ûз̨˰ɣЦ
׸ͷԲ˲ͻȥˡٳŮҲͻȥˡ
ʵʱҵŮˣҲڷ̨תǱ칫취һԵǻñİ취̵ؼҡ
ЦӲѱ߲ݣˣڲסȺĺӾҪˡ
׸ӭ汻ҲܺЦԣָǰһ޼ʵı̺˵ǳסĵطˡ
ûмǡʱ˯˯Ҳδˡ
׸ûǶֱָͣóͷȥ˹湬
湬ʲôģղžû³ڳϻλƵģĿһȺһȺ۵ŮӣǶǴӸŮضи㡣Ƕ⳵ŵĹǺ棬Ͽһ
һ۾ȥ
ǰֹˡ
ˡ
ƹá
һഺõŮӣǴûôߴĹôྻĵ棬ôʻÿȹŮŮǰﵱ˱ȼһٱɹϣñڼкһٱҸ
ԸǸԹ˶񰢱
湬ġ׸˵
湬⳯ڹĽ紦Ա߾һţžͿ׵ĳ
֮ǰ׸ͺ칫³һס
ĵǺг칫ȴΪȻʲôҶ岻֡۾￴Ĳ㣬ͲҪǰܡ
׸ǿûУ
칫Цָ̾ʲôúߵģƤõ궼У˾Ͳϡˡ³Ů˸ܽĽȥΪҲ֪Сʲôҿ㣬һϦ֮ľͲˡ
һϦ֮
׸Ŀǰ³Ž壬**ģп˫֣˲ŵͷ
ôܲôܲҪ
˴Ϊѡĸءڴˣؿ˳
蹫ӼԡһЦ׸ĿЩ㣬ɵӵҲĿйӲ뿴ˡ
׸磺òˡ
ַһеһֻ̽˹ϡ
ûж
룬һǵڶأ


513 е̫
費, ʱ˵Ƕסˡ
֮ǰʵѡʺ󣬵浱ǶԺֲϲˡ
鲻죬Ů޵Ľ˼İϢ˳ȥ
ϲЩ
湬˵ܶ, Ҳһǧپѡ
ľرռط, ڼϿǺøߺôһɽ
棬˴ɨȥģЩʮû, Ѿã, бʴͷùĺۼ
׸һʹ, Ҫѿش˹
湬ǰȵۿĵطȵҲǳʵ۸û, Թ湬˶ˣһ׳ҡʮҡҡλεĹ, žͿˡ
, Ǵ˰鳭һɡ˵, ǹǰͷˣ飬Ƕɣֽ֪سһ飬ˡ
׸統Ȼûз, ʩЩ˼סǡ³ǵĶ£ȻЩȥˡ
֮ԽȴѾתܵһָ࣬ǿӰȥûƶʣЩʷ飿ÿһľͷһļ֡ۡ
ʷ顣Ϊ̨ʷдǡ˼ӡСƣӦʵ۵ˣҪ㹻ܼġ
׸統ʱҲΪˣʵ۵±ǹ죬һ񣬾ͱȥڵžƲ˵˻¡
̨ʱ˵ΪʱҲ˵ˡ
죬Ͳͣ˵ʵۼҵ¡һֱʷ嶼ûУΪʲôʱҪʵĳոĳһ˵ʲôʲôƨأòˣʲôϵأҲûа
˵ɤӶ֮Լ֣ôһᵽһοȹµĽšھȻʱ᲻ӣ
ʵʲôҲûõ
һûС
Ȼǲ뿪ԼҪˡ
칫Ѿ˽ˣһҪȥ칫һ֪εĳ嶯ܻ칫뱻һ̣³ǰ·һ硣
ֻ˵һ䣺佫֮ףʿ˭칫
칫Ȼʿ֮סҲһӽʿ֮һǰ̫ʦ̫ҲҪɹ˻ʵۣûӼ
ȵʱ칫ûгɹΪȵͱʱĻʺΪж󱻳һֱȵۼλѡ˼ʦֻڳȵ˵ġ칫ȥƨǻʵ۵ƨ
ȵȥˣλ칫һѩǰܣ¶ġֽȴ
칫ѾʮˣǲҪˡ
Ӵ칫ͺһֱôٲҪ˵Ļ
׸֪칫ֻ±Բ̰ҲգһǻۣǱǻ۲ݵˡ
ˣʲôȥܴأ
ȥ칫Ϊ̫ʦɵóһۣһ̫ӡ
ȻڻûУ칫ţһ̫ӣ̫Ľ±ǿڴģƷ޴ҲŪһܺõĺӣֻһλ̫ʦΪǡ
˭
͸˰׸硣
׸صңʲô˵Ѿȥ칫ˡ
칫ȴ칫װô죬ѵ´ڣϴͷ˶ļ׸硣
׸类ŵΪ칫Ҫˣ칫ʱѾŵᣬɫҰףӽ칫ýӰˡ
һɡ
ҲȰҲؼҿӡ
ߣҲû˵С
칫ȰĿŰ׸磬Ǹӡҵһμ֪ôСһ㣬ĸ˽ǰأ£֪ҵȣС̹
׸޵鶼ˣš
칫üͷ鶯ȰͻȻȥǹǲʲôԵʣĵǸ̨ƣʦͽһҲԸףһ֮
׸ſأȴ˸ݵĴ磬ٿ˵ǣǡ룬³ϻ۾ףԶʤŮΪʺպ̫ӣҲǴӡгڣ̫ʦĽ̵£Ҳһɾ͡볯磬Ҳ۵ľݡ
˵Ҳ˵״Σôġʦôһ̺̫ܽӣ¾̫ƽˡ
ǰλʵ۶һ󹬸ܲгйҡͷ
ȵȴ㣬ΪСʱ˲ĥһǻ󣬸Сر󳼸ʵۣȻӲʵ۵ġʵܰѴ󳼿棬м˵Ϳʵ۵ģ
Ⲣȵ۵ĹȵΪʱʧ̣ڸ֣֮ŻѧһƤ趷¾ҪϣҪ֪Ϊӣأضʢ£οһѢ
ȵܳĸǶ飬ѧһЩܳЩ
һ̫ӣж⣺ز̫ܽӳУһҪͺ󹬸˸
Ȼʵּ̫̳˻ʵ۵ĹּǵȻΪ̫ӡ
һ㣬졢ëиж౸ŮҲΪϣ¼ӣһûйּĴӣΪ̫ӣ
֮⣬Ҳ֮ءǿɲòµֱ̫ˡ
³ˣȨҲڳ칫Ѿ˵ˣժǹ³ɲֻܵˣ³·ǳġ
Իɣժǹ³Ѿ³ܿˣ³֮£Ļϡ
ǴеĽ󽫾һ졣
ֱ۵ľժǹǰߣ³͡衱ˣ³䡣ǽ󽫾Żˣֻ³ڹֳ¸
³ʹ󽫾ãαɱ
ֶΣҲǵ³ȥʱֹʱôи˲֪Ĵ̿͡
ڿժǹ󽫾ֱʡ԰ժǹǰ棬ΪɴŮı
Ұ֮д³֮пժǹֵ¡̫šΪ³ժǹûзǶսģժǹɱ׵׵ܵܣ׵ˣ׵ܵλ³ܰλˣ
οժǹܵܶƳ籸Ҳ֮϶ӡ
ԣԾʧˡ
ֻ³λ󣬾ͱôһˡЩȫժǹֱʣı¿ɲһ㡣
룬칫ࡣ
ʱۼλʱѾǷƮҡˡ˻У붼޷Ťת֮Ҳܹ֮٣Ƶս֮⣬͹Ҳ
˶۵ĹΪһΪĻʵֻۣʱ˲ڴһߡ
һʮζûã͵Ĺ˵ʱǿ˰ɡ
۴ȷ˵ժǹһ뷨ж
칫ԣ³ôˣ
Գ˼Ƭ̣˵ô˵ժǹ³ʮ꣬³ΨѡԶ׼ġֳΪģΧĴСǼ챻ˣҵ㣬١³Զȴһֱڴ³Ӣ䡣ٹʮ꣬³ĳǶֳǵķǡ
칫һһժǹ߱ȣǰ߼ֱԳΪʡˡ
һ濴̨⼸ʮѾһ̲࣬ʵ۲ɻʵۣµĳӵȻҲɳӡ
ֻûһȨƾС칫֪Ժ󣬷̨ʲôƽһƣҲһϢ
ôһ룬һжôơ
һ˽ӭȢ˼͵Űˣպ˴ʵۡ
ڴҲһŮҪ޸ʵ۵Ĺ
۵ʱʮ꣬գܿࡣ
칫ȻΪ۵ʱĶԣûͻϼʮֱ꣬һ˳ս
ԣժǹĳҲս̨ࡣ˸λʵۻûʵۣҲܰڳ֮λ
칫Ѿڴܾõ¡ΪԼǰˣֻҪ뵽̨ҳһţˡ
ôһˣ̨½ֵȥһѵģ
պŪȨǾͳ
һŮˣ޴ʲô
׸һѡժǹȻɺϣ⣬;ͬ顣
ɡ
칫һۣа׸
׸һ칫ˣ칫ôУȥϴôܼˣͳ
˿
׸ںʦ칫ˣϤĶԣ֮ǰ³үү˵ʲô
ܸо칫̸󣬾Ͳپܾ³ʺˡ
ҡͷĬƬ̾˵
˵
ĵ칫һ仰û˵ڡ۽˴ժǹᡭڷ̨ʲôأ


514 
, ȥǱߣڳϣָǰһĻ԰˵
̨󣬵ȴûʲôء
ססˣ׸ߺҲûǣһЩֹĹء·̨ȥ޼ɡ
ʵǵǷ˴ץѱ
湬, ˶, йŹ湬ԭȫȥ֮Ϳʼ̨ĴϹתƣָһָ㡱ˡ
ҪǲСߵʵ۵ľ, Ҳ֪, Ŷʵס
Сð˳Ĺ, Ҳġָ㣺ĳˣĳĳ֮ˣ
ⲻͶϺ
ڿ֪һӵĸϼҴǸ˶ԲϺš
ְ׸ܵÿˣ
û취, ֻԼˡ
湬طãԱ߾ǹǽϲһӾǸС, ȥ˾ǹ, ֻһ, Ҫ׸磬Ŵʵﶼѡط, ෽㰡
⼸죬ѾѹֵĲˣҲ뱸ˣµ޲ǻٱ˲š
һаȥ˵ϣͽͣ˵ԸӣֻǰӲͰȥž͸۽ն˿ɵ
ֻðѰһ
Ȼ˰Ҳ밢ϲ̸һֱԣԲ𣬻ʵߵλӶҵģ㲻ܽ޻ʵۡ
ߵ˶ˣԼȾϲһ͵һ߱ף㣬Ҳ޻ʵۣ
ߵȻеѹƱǿûаưԵģЩ˶ܵİκҪô죬Ͼϻʵ۵檣Ǿֻܻκȥ
뵽ȥ˵Ҫֿӡ
Ӷ˽ͷҽ˵Ҫһ£һ͡
Ҫ͸ʲô
˵˴ͺ빫
ʣҪʲôԺȶҵģʳסпҹˡҪǮȥ
ûѧǰ˵ѣοǹһ붼ҪˣҲҲ֨֨صġ
һͲ³ˣЦЦ̾ΪͰһǻģ˵οأʱŰ³ȥˣ
Ȼκ³֪ûκ̫Ӷ³أһҲʲô
һϲȥ˵ˡ˼ˣߵ֪֮Ҳġ
ͳûա
ȻֲǽƺҲûʲôֻҪǹͣĻʲôõģ
ԾҪ񣬶ǽˣݵһȻΣǰʮ깫Ҳûþͱںð֡Ծڽǰ񣬱˽á
תɫʮֿ죬˽þһİѽˣƺ˶սֵֻû뵽˵Ȼôף˲١
á˵꣬ܳƵǴ԰ȥ
԰ԶǺϵһƬҪ쵽ȥԶƶû⻨԰۶Ŀ
߽ˣܿ⻨԰Ĳڿ찡ⲻ滨Ǿ
Ծɴɵļٻ
סˣ³ȥͻأڿǼٵˣЩʧҾ룬ﻹл
ЦٵĿɱĹضˡѵĺֹǧ᣿
ǻ԰аٲʱػ԰Ѿ߶µĹˣԶԶţֻͷ˵
ȥʣԭЩǵĳҪȥȥͻѻˡ
ϡˡǻ԰ôȥ
˵гȥ
ЦˣгͷƿʢŵĻ԰
ص湬ʤˡ
̨ȫܶõˡʤ۶࣬۹Ҳãĺֶǰ԰õûĿΧ˻ΪǸˣв˵ʤûġ
ˣɲڽͽߡ
պ÷̨˶࣬٣ʺʩչ
ʤܹأƢǲģֻûûáҲͶע飬þһãתɱҲаֿϧ
Ҳء
һֱԼԴӽ˷̨ԼһֱȥڹһԹ˶ֵˣûаֻ֣ʱ
ʤȥ׾ͱˡ
Լ̨£ղ͵͵ȥڿæš
ȥȥ档
ǳǻʵۣ
ʤ˵Լȥұˡ
֪ʵȤˣ˼ˣסļǴˣʵȴû֪
̨Ǵ󣬵Ҳûز
ֻ˵ʵճ֮һĵط
ʵطǽʤƲ⡱ġ
ߵ
ս͸˴˹ϵ̨˳Ҳ̨࣬Ƿٺˡʤһ㣬ǱݺģҼԩļҲѾȫˣҳ˱𣬳Ҳˡ
һˡ
ܶԼܲҵ˶ԱһԼˡ
ʤʶˡѡҲԸ³¸ߴҡҲҪ˵ѣֻ˵ʴȣϧ빬Ůǰ̨ͳöʳ˺͹Ůҹȡãڣ̨ϵ빬ŮӶù˲١
з̨ʣ˵³ôãôһŮأѵǼʣ
ʤ𣺹ĹŮ֪áԼǮԳأԸˣڹеŮֻҸɣйŮڹ빫һȺ˺ӣɴء
̨˲ţô˾Ͳ˵
ʤֳзȣҷǸĸҲòСľӴɷ
̨ѾǰŰɣЦΪʲôǴɷ
ʤЦС򲻶ɷɷ˴£ֻñ٣ɹඡ
³ڳ֮±ڷ̨ˡ
鵱һҹδ飬ڶ¶ˮʤһҹæ˵˱Һˣ¯ˮͳԵģһҪϽȥκǰվһվ˵˵ñɡ˵վʹҴˡ
鲻лֻܿߵıӰ
ˡǰΪպǰ̣ԾʾáҲǡ
¯ϵˮʳһδֻǻ·ҴҰͷϵ¶ˮɾȥκˡ
κסĵطֵö࣬ʮˮʳʮŮΧκת³ǸƯ̴Ҳκᷢ
Цκɵó棬³ô̴ӷǰʲô⣬κȻҲһ룬Ȼôݵµ˶ģ
ֻ³ֶΡ
߽ȥΧĹŮ׷׸ʺãϯκ岽Զĵط
鰵ޣκǰˣ˰ΣҲûп
ֻóУ֬ÿ
ͷſ飬ˡԣ֬ǽ͹ģۣЦ㲻Ϳ֬Ѿܺÿˡ
κ죬Ŀˮе㷢ΣԼǲⶳһҹˡ
ҾòҩûУܲ͸ҩ
ѽ㲡ˣ
æ˵ǲˣֻǲ̫̫Զˡ
˵֪ҪˮҩûԹˮ
黹Ҫ˵ҩɲҳԡҩδؾܽб˳ԣԴˣ˾ͻˡ
͸Ŀڵҽʽ㣬ܸܲҽ
鲻뾪³еӦû˵ʱҰġ
˵Ȼ㲡ˣҪҪԹأԹĲ͸ú˰ɣ
ûвߺ޵Ķ԰˵ûв㲻Ҫ˵뺦ң֪ҾͲˣ
ûü˵˲Ŷίû뺦
Ͻ԰˵Ҷ˵ˣ۲ã㲻ҪĻˡ
һߵͷһ˵ôԶҵİһô죿ͲĲοûкֻĸô˵˻˵뺦ģĸһֱڱûɡ˶ô˵Է˵ûɲš
̲ס
̫ᷢˡŻԽԽ벻
˵㲻õģһ߹ҽġ
̾ͷˣнھͿ϶ûˣ
У˵³Ƶĵ԰¡
ƹȥˣŵˡ
˵ͷǧȷͷǳԶˡ
ǻǸʵĹʱи˲õĳ谮ĵ԰ϹȥˣѸʸĻ˴룬˺һʺĵ԰Ÿˡ
Ǹ˭Ůæˣ
ԭҾ˵ˡ
Ůʱл³ɲ
һڵֱ˵֮ŮŮô˵
ȻЩסˣǾ͡Ҽ

һֻ𻷸һŮ·ͷĿ
ΧأʲôҲûСûСҲûлľԶֻпյĹǽ
ʤ˵ʵ۾⸽
Ѿұ˸еĹˣֻһĻûҹ
￴Ҳ񰡡
ûжˣŮǶԸֻڴˡ
Χһ㻨ûУʵ۵ס
˲ע⣬͵ȥǽĿһơ
δصϵġſڴϿȻҲ棬һ춼ûء
Ҫȥһİ
תȦ
ߵһûдҲûŵǽǰһߣͻȻǰˣæתͷӻȥغá߹ȥ

ߴˡ
һ˵½鵹
һ˵㾹ֵܷó˵ȻҪЩѵ˵ˣ˵ģһ˵ȻͿЩȴñʵء˳͹ЩǾͿԾ۸úܣ
˾Цˣ˵ļ磬˲Զȥ
ʵ۹Ȼڴˣ
ˣ·ǰȥ


515 
˶ã
һ·С, ±˷֣뱻˷֡˷ֺԳݾͻᱻʵǰˡ
ûб֣·һֱûߡ
ǽֹܵ, ڵ˾ͷ, չһСĹսǣǰһܴĹ㳡ʲôûС
û, ûлûж, ûл棬ϳŲҪһ
ĵذһֱǰһ̨ǰ
ղŹʱûע⵽滹һ޵𣿱µ޵
ҹȥ, ΪûڵҪһܵУܲ, ղܵþͺˡ
ҪȻ
Ľûж
վ, ÷˫Ϣһ, ڹս, ƴͷǱ߿
סĵطΪʲôŴ
ǰ졣
Ϊʲôûˣ
ͻȻ˶̴ӺĻȳ߹, ̬ţ
Ƕܸߴ
ˣʿ
Ǿʿ
ߵͷʧֵöҲû˾ˡ
һŮû
Ϊʲô
ôܣ
黳Լղˣ˲˵¡Ǽ
ûȥˣﲻǻʵסĵط
ĵ̽һۡ
Ǳ߸պ߿
ˣ
תͷҪܣ
ͷȴײһˡ
̧ͷһղߴ˶ͷĿ
ֹסġڿЦЦݡ
Цʲô
ǡߵ˶Բԣһ˵ͷ
һ߹ȥٻͷ˵ˡҪҪߣ
ÿһʾ飺벻ҷ㣿
˹ȥ˵Ǹߴ˵ĻϷɿһ¡
£˶Цÿ··ӡ
Զ˻
ŽŲһܹ
ǡô˷ˣܻ
һЦŵ˵ռ˱˾ˡ
ռˣ
ڶЦŵģšζ
Զˣˡ
湬ѵü˳ߵˡ
üһֻȻųġǰˡŮӣжʮˡ
ȥѹ湬¶϶ˡ
Ͳ󣬶ʮꡣŲʺãͷֱʣ³ڣټǰȥ
ܿ챻˺˽
ڽй湬ԭ˹Ҳѧϰһ̨ʷĿǰѾڵλʵˣʵ۵ºܶ࣬氮̫ࡪϹ˵ʷϾôǵġʱкü氮氮Ľ氮氮һֻ氮׵ӣĳ޹ŮòζģҲǵʱĻʵ۶Ц˵Ů˼ûëأȥ˯ɡ
λˣԼʵˣǸܵ氮ϵĴ󳼣󳼼ҵĶӡŮµĳǳأȵȣܰˡ
ϵģ󶼹ˡ
ôȥȻһβĻʵۡû˵Ĺڴʵˣ̫֮⡣
ýζ
ʵ̫ˣ
ԸпͽһĹŴڲͬҲʣ³ҲҲԭƾ˵ǳûˡ
ǡЦ
´ü飬Цû񣺡㣬ȥ
˸Ƿˣȥ
Ȼû뵽شһʱϵЦûգѾҪɳˡ
Ѿָ˰ϳȥˡ
ʱûع񣬸ҲãȻ޴룺ˣǺã
ôãûҲˣҲ֪ô죡
ֻ֪Щɱˣ
ƿݣʵȫȰƺֻŭϲŭȫһ֮䡣
ֻҪ뵽ȥһ̾ͻᱻϳȥ
ô죿
ô죿
ѾˡǶװûҪ˳ʱҲ뵽ˡ
һתͷ̧ȫܹˣ±ǰͷҳ״Լ˻ȥ
ĻصڽǰɢͷϺݺݵץѪٰۣɢЬӵܽȥ
ҵܹ¾ͿޣһʣȻǱ³˸ˡ
ȾȻ棺Ϊδ㣿
ҡͷ˵ūҲ֪δŭ³ūƭ
һ͵͵̧ͷ͵׵ĳ·˻䵱Уŭŭϲϲ
ҲҶҲҴޡ
ع·ӾѿӶİ˵ȥѿˡ
ȥˣȥǰʣµĹѾΧų˵
Ц˵ǲϲˣǰֻ̨иʵҴ򣬻ʺءû¾˳ҲûҵˣֻҵĻͶŸʿޣ˵ҪȥأҲû취
߻˵ĵطˡˣЩ˵˶ȥˡ
һŮ˵³ð𣿡
ʱϲԳһŭߣŮӸһȰ˴ˣҪôҪôȥͽ⡣е棬֪ôˣһ׼ۿޣĻ򸸻ʸ״Ըʿ֮ǰ˷ȴڰּųĻ԰ǰͣŲȥϧЩòȥǸͺˡ
ͺãҲԶסڻ԰Ż
ȻҲɵ뿪ýиã˶һġ
ٴ򣬵г˸໹ǸСŮʱȤ¡ʱǰ
ҵЦ˵
ŮǶˡ
֮ǰôϲЩأô˰ˣϲ³أ
ڶ죬ѹ湬˶ϣƺƵȥ
ѵ磬ûô˯˯ǰһʱһʱиʣлʵܣʱãá
󣬸ʺͻʵܵǵã벻ˡ
ʲô֪³
ͨ³κԹ֮󣬳˶ෳֻ³˶߰ɣ
棬鶼Щš
˵㣬㣡
ɱȰ˵ūūԸӸȥѣūūԸ湫е
׻̸ֲ˵ҲɹŮҡסСһɫȥ¶ģˣͽס
Լҽȥɡ
˵꣬ȡͷصļΣÿŴҴҸڽȥˡ
Ư
濴ͺƯˣ̵Ļر࣬һ϶ܵ񣬿ɼȷʵܾġ
ҲǴǾƷһֻͭߵֻɺףͷŶڣҪʲôתſµһֻ䣬ױⶦȫݰٻٹ
ֻһͨڵڣ²³õˡ
еһССļǡ
ʵ۵ĶǱĺð
߹ǰͥϤİٻͱֻǻǾɴģͭǮҵġ
Ŀɵۣͣ涢۲ȷ֦ϹҵȫǼǮ
ǽĹŮ˵˵ţһ
һ߶ԹŮЦһĬĬмϹǮһ󣬿ʼŰѻЩȫ˳ȥܻʳ
ͥٹһٹһϤľǮĬĬһǮӺ÷Żⲻˣ
Ƚ˺ʱѾûȤˣֻôŻˡ
ȳ˼˵ԭǰúһ𣿡ǵͦÿģǴˣòÿ
񣬿
ŶǸˡ
֪ϦշǺεȷʵƯ
ӲͣһϣΧĹŮҪߡ
쵰ԲĶͷƤܰףһ˫ǳƯĵۣļˡ
۳úˣȸȸ۾һ۾ԲͻǵƤҲ˿С
̴ֱڣ޳̬ȡ
ҪǣӦʮ˰ɣϾȻûƣ̬һ˿Ůͺ档
ˣҸһҲ


516 βϷ˼䣿
ֳǸԽҵˡⲻǿ佱
ڳǰ, Ȼû˵ԻҪ˵ĻӦߵˡŮĹ󸾣סڷ̨ﲻؼҵŮԺ֣ûнơˡ, Ͳö֪ˡ
Щͳͳ֪ζԴ, ҲһܺõʾǾȫĵעΪϲϲ, Ϊŭŭעÿһü, ÿһ죬ÿһ, ²ĺ⣬˸ǿҵķӦ
ԽȤ, ˾ǰţ÷ȥ䣬ȥȥ
Խ˵, Ҫȥ, ǰ, ֻҪӦͷ΢Цʱɴ۾ʾȡǡô̾ϢĽ
Ů˺ܺӦ
ҲӦ
ܺӦ㲻Ҫ̫ǻ۾ܿĺöҲʵںԣȫΣ佱ά˳
ҿ佱άĶҲ, ¶佱㹧ά
ĸʰĻʵҲ
ˡҪ佱Ľȫ
ò԰òȫûи
ĻشǣҸʺͻʵܵĺйأ
ȻϸЩжǵļ׷ôͽģֵõĴ
ǡصˡֻҪ֣ĸʺͻʵܶˣֻ
ð죬/ʵܶˡ
ͷˣΪɫƷΪλģ˵ضָˣضָʺͻʵܺеˡ
漴飬˵ͺ
Թ
ԡֻƿ̬˵ͷ˰ȥˡ
̾͵ʵȥ
ˣ͸ڻʵߡ
ӡ
м㣬ж£ȫղŻǰġ
ˣԽͣȻ֪ͣнܾȣ
˲ͬؽ黳Цס˽֣ȥ˺
ʼ˵̨£ƺ
ǲҪֻǸߡ
ʮӿ󣬾Ϳʼˡ
û취ԡγ谮ҡʵҡûȤܶ˵һڷ̨ҵ£һϧԷ̨ûʲôȤ
ӳУƲ¡
ĸǸǿƣûޣְǳĻʵۡ
Ϧ輿չƽˡ
ΣֻǸյūݵ¡
ʵʱ谮ˣᰡλã߶ǵµϳҲȽϰ˵ʼȰҪϸݵµŮ˯Ҫ˯˯ݸ߹Ļʺ󰡣˰Ů
ʵ۱Ťˡ
ǲ޸ʲôƫʲô
ʹϦա
ϦգŮūͬҲʲôֻƾ汾¡һץסʵ۵ĳ谮ڶһ¹ӡ
ô죿

ֶμ򵥴ֱȫΡ
ʵ֪ˣ˸״ˣô죿װ֪ҪˣܳԼ𣿲ܡŮˡĲأƺǲ۵ģΪѡòۡ
ŻʮɣʵͻȻ֣öңûжӣ
˹꣬ҲöˣͶĿ꣬һ£ңڶӡ
£ҵǼ޹˭֧˭ȭͷͼ޸ȥ
һ취ܿЧˣȶˣʼŬˣϦաʧ衱ˡ
ɣʵ۲ۣ˺ġ衱
ǺеĻʺҳķ˾ǹ˻ʵеġˡ
ʵ۰Ϧո衱֮󣬿ʼó裬죡
ʵûжģֻʵʷôʵвĹܺˮ족˵仰Ļʵʵŵʱٴ£һ൱뷨Ļʵۡ
ʵֻ֮ͨˣڻʵ֮λľǾܡ
ĸʾˡ
ŪϦշ˺ͳŵʱͿʼ·ģľ˿ʼͷ
ʵ۲ʵۣһתҪ¡һǣһʼԼСͷ
ȨǾͻ¶
ȵۣǱŪһˡ
Ǹʵ۶ʳΨһľһҪһ̳лλ
ӲûжٰҪɲš
ȵ۳󲻾þͱʱĻʺʺǺԾȣڵʱɻʺȻҲ淶
ʵ۲ˣʺ󣬾͸ð䱦Ķӡ
ʺһӣȻܸıԼĴ
ʱ֡
֪ǳʲô뷨Ǳܣƣֻһʱģ
ʺȻϲϲӽӡ
ȵѾˣû취ƲԳʲôģ˵ĸȵۼλȻĶԳİԿԳк
ԣںܳһʱرȵۣӦó־ʧȥ
޳Ļʺ󣬳Ȼǿ󣬸
˻ʵۣȻóܸ
²⣬ʵʱû޳ȥӦǼ޲ȥĳ̫ˣܵܵʵʱû޳ȥӦܲޡλȨصĵ̫ܵ㡣
Һã˵ңȵÿ죬ǰһӸ
˳ûеĶ
ûСȨ
˵ȨȴһֱΪԼġȨڸȵۡˣڣȨԼС
˳ʮ죬ڵʮһʱң£һ
ҳ˶ˡٻӦ
ͬǡ֮Ů
յĽڶˣ֪ʲôطˣǵĹѪҲ֪
Ψнڴˡ
ԣѵÿݵľֻҪĶر鷳ʹӦ
ҪʲôЦʡ
˵֣޵£֣ӵ³ȥˣҵĵܵ³ĺãЩ֣񡣵ҵ˻˵ҵܵռ֣أ빫һּ⣬Ը˳³֣ڵĵطΪ³ء
ΪҪ鷳ĶǴ³ϲ˴û³Ϊ³з̨أ
û뵽ľȻǡģǹϵʲôʲô
ôأҲᰡ˵ҪȻҽи˽ˡ
ʼ鷳ˣˡ
ȡֻҪһ仰ͺ˰õűˣ
ʧЦôһ仰أ˵ûġ
ҲЦЦң̨º˲֪˭˲̨ˣ˲֪лʵֻۣ֪й
ãȻ
˵ֺǰԱ᣿³ʱ˵ˣҵܾܵûһ仰˵ˣ˶ȥҵܵܣϵ£˵˰˰˵ǳظ͸˵ǨǾǨǡһ仰ҵܵܵĻáѵ㲻𣿡
۾ĻԽԽҲԽԽ˼顣
Ц֪ңΪҺ㡣ҵ̨һ·ϾԹĳκҲΪ³׳Ͷµġ
ˣ
Ϊǰ³Ļ
˵³³Ů˿԰ɷȢԼԴɷ򣬿ɷ򣬿ԼݣԼԼū
ֻһ仰д˵֣˵ˡ֣ҪҲڣ۸ҵܵܣй仰Ͳˡ
ľϢˡ˭Ҳû
ûκ˵³дһʥּӡģȵ۵ģʵ۵ġ
³ȿʵ۵ӡ˵ӡû˸Ҳֿȵ۵ӡ˵ӡʵ۶Ҫ
ÿĿ⿴öӡҪ㣬͸ǸõĹµˡҪǸҸʫ裬裬˵Ļ
һҪеǮÿѣƯΣ
βӡأ


517 ʥڿ
ǰһжʧȥɫ, ʧȥ
һֱ³Ƿûȥġ
ռ³¡Ϊ³ĻһǼٵģ˸Ĺ¿ɱ³˵Ҫö࣡
ŮȻñǶҪĿ³Ūϣ
١˰ŴֻΪ˸
ūҲҹӵˣϵ˲, ҲҪ˰
ŮӸѧ, ͨռҵŮҲѧְȫץˡ
³˽ðߵ, ÿ껹Ϊ˰
ĸǸĹ֡һɳǣŭ³˹ȥ, ɳǸΪ̳ǣһǣҪ, ˲Ը⣬ôȥǳе˶ߣѷǸĳ˷ǡ
Щ, ͳͳû
СŮȫˣ
Լ׻ˡ
湬У˰ǵʥּͻ³
֮õ̫, ֱЦ
Ц, ҲǾ޴ġ
䡣˵, ߰䣬Ϣ͸ͰҪ׿ڸ, ظǣͷСԴΪƾץ
֣ѾԹ³̫ռı̫֮࣬ǰ˵õķƻһҲֱ³˿顣Ψһľ³³
³Уô˹Ʋ١
Ͼ绹Ϊܵġ
㽪˵֣׳ǣǴűȥġʱӦûֱӳȥӴġ
ԣҪ䵱һʱҪǹ̫࣬ѹסʥּҪɱҪŻҪ˳
һ³ڵΣһֹۡɱˣȥˣҲǿõģıߵģóľֱӶ䡣ľУƣ򲻵Ѳᶯ
춯䣬ץɱˣǾͳ췴ˡҲˡ
˵ȥԺ󣬶࿴һڵƣҡ
ʥּȥһ·۲󣬾öԽģһĹ
ţһ;úЦ
һʼӡҲϸľͷݹϵˡ
иӡ
һ·ҪͣѰˮԴȷʱиɾĻˮȡáڶ̫ˮԴֻһ񣬶ҼҼһܵķΧڣеˮԴҪҵס
ҲоʱΪ˷ֹˮԴȾ
¶»ǱȽټģȾˮԴȾʽմѪĵȥ
һȾˮԴİ취ʱڻϵʱ˵ˮͳˮܳˡ
ˮĸǴӼϵġ˵ϴˮմԻŵ˲ܺȣ˾ͻ
ͨġȻ͵˵㣬Ŵ뱾Ǹģδȫ֪ģϾʵڵģ͵ɻһ㡣
Ӵ˺Դͱøˡ
һΣȥˮЩ󽫾ҲȥһЩͨġѲߣ̽·ˮ
ȴǰܣܵͣ˵Ǿʹ￪ʼˮ
Ӧº󣬵ڶ͸԰СӷֿˣҵˮС˿ˮԴ˼ֱһ˻ȥţȷˮԴء
СȫǾӢȻˮҵñȱ˿졣ҵһˣ˼ǰңҵʣ¹ˣ涨ûȥˣһ·ҵеˮԴȫ㱨顣
ƫƫҵһˮԴ
Ϊˡ
Ҫ¿ˮԴҪȥš

룬ԼˮԴ˻ȥڸ˼ʯӣһ·ҵˮԴ
û취д֡³ֶᣬֻῴдǹ
ʶ;ܻȥˡŷˡΪϮˣ
Ѹٵ˹ȥ
ҵͬӪĹٱѹùѪͷ
ҪˮԴҪһˮԴǾûˮ𣿣
еȣǲôģûд
û
Σʯͷˣ԰
硣
֪ʯˣ
֪ʯʲô˼
ͼһôģû
˽ȰοҲ뿴ɵװɵɵ
ֹֻƶϷɵսˣӮǽһһ㶼ɵˡ
ʱǺġ
ͺϲ
ʥּȥ񽻸
һһѻ
ߺ󣬽˵ƢеѾ˺üˡˣ˰˸ͳ̨ԺҲټˡ
͵ʧ谡
̨¶ʱĻ̡̻
һȶһɡ
ʹˣˡ
ӷ̨ȥ칫ˡ
һˣƺƵֳһ󴮣ӷ̨ĳִ߽ͣ칫ſڡ
ŷѾʲô˶ģôһ˻û
ǿ򶨵˵Ǽ칫没͡
ˣһЦӯӯ˵Ҳ칫ǼҰ׸硣
ŶҰ׸ġ
׸絹没ˡ
ġ
ˡ
ԴС
Сӣˣûи没˵Ȩŷͺܿİ˸ȥˡҵطҲСͣ³ģǶɣȻſڲÿ
ȳͣˣŮӡ
һһСһһͣһŮˣһŮӡ
Ůδ緢ͷᣬһϮ£һɫĿճһϸĵǰͻ̡纮һƤƤãվﲻЦ˲ӡ
Ůӿɰͷֻ٣һסǸղŵĿ꣬һСŮңžͽ
ŶһԽá
ǼҵġˣǡݼҵĺӰɣ
ЩǴӷ̨İ
˵׼Щʲô·ôôһȺҰ׸磬ҿСԴ󻧵ġ
԰׸Ĵ󻧡ô룬ҳԿֵðѰ׸ٴһ١
ȥһһʣûʲô⡣
ˡ
ˣˡ
ˣͿţһүүװڶѰ׸͸ǸŮˡ

أ
˵Ըղųȥˡ
һȥ£øɾֺÿ֮˵ȥסЩˡ쵽׸ȥ
׸ϣŰ޵С֣߶Ű
ޣ˵ȥһ³¾дúˡд³һƪãҶ̲סһӽдһŮ˶дôãҲΪд䡣
׸磺ޣĿۡ
ޣ󲮲Ǵƨɣ
׸磺һ뵽һˣĿۡ
ޣĿۣ׸磺ǣǳġ
ޣǺǡ
⣬һŮˣҹˡ
ޣŶ
׸磺ûаûдõĽ㣡ûУޣʲô׸磺ʲôûУ
ʱһ˺ƺƵľˣ˲Ѱ׸СԺˡ
Űſʱ׸ŵʷǰĴ
ЦһЦ԰׸ߵŮ˰
ʧԶӭǸŮ
ôæˡ˵Žܰá
ŮЦȻˣա׸磺
ð
ŮҾȥ׼һ·䣬˵
׸磺
ߣͷˡ
׸ĿĿŰˣһתͷժǹĿ˵ôһ߾Ͳˣһˣú¡
׸粻ˮԽµţݷ칫
׸磺úúã
˵շһĴŽȥ칫ˡ
Ůӻֻ
ŮЦ˵Ҽɵأ
ûЦҽһ仰ȥ칫ˡ
ŮЦ˿Цˡ
æ֣ЦûЦŮʧЦ¿ٿ񣬸Ƶժǹ߾ˣղǼˣ
ɬҰ
Ů񣬡ҽ档
񣺡񡣡
ŮӵֹӣõȤЩɺãﲻҪֻԼҾС
һߣ칫ǰ׸ͷˣ޲ܰԼһš
칫񣺡칫ղݼʧˡ


518 ҵİ
칫˰ʮ, Ů˲˵ضҲСλǰĽһΪŮȴҪµŮҲֹһֶ뽪ͬ
رһ㡣
֪ǲΪԼˡ
Ϊʲô׸ᱻŪڹ֮ϡ, ׸ֻǸС, ȴһˡ׸
Ƕ档
칫ߵҲͬڿ檣ҲǶκһŮӡ
ں档
ŮΪʲôôһ
ᣬлûϹŮˡ
߱Ůеһ¡
ȴ˵ˡ
ⲻ˭ǳԼҵĻ԰е滨, ̲סվסһģǡ⻨Ĳһ, Ǿ͸ҪúˣպҲ̸ۡ
һ԰, ԼҲƻĻ⽫ԼĻ԰Ҳ˳¡
׸ֻһᣬһ, ȾһЩ㡣
ӣֻ¾Դ˻ͷˡ
Ȼᾭ෬˼ͷ, Լһ԰޷չ곤³Ұе滨
칫, ȴȫѽǻѾƽȵĿȥ, õҵĻеˡ
Ȼ
ˡ, ȴΪ칫
ҲΪ칫֮ӡ
׸磬ͬΪ칫ӡ
칫ñðˡȤУĻУȻôŮ̬֮
ԴС
һֻƾȥŮӡ
ͳҲֻͬҪг谮ܻȥŮˣҪȴκȶȨǿȥҪȨ
Ͽ񡣳ȨʵͬʱҲǴģΪȨܴκζ
ƽ⣿
ûָһͽ칫ĹۣóϷ
һ۾ܿ׸磬ξܿ칫ǸʮĶӡ
Ҳܿ칫ˡΪ칫һͻһˡǶԼ˶壬ΪԺ
е칫Žһ̫ӣ̫ӣպĻʵʷ
Ǵġ
칫Դ¾ǡҶôˣһԸɾ̫ˣûɵĻⱲҲˡ
֮ңʧ֮
ǿ
군ˡ
ҪԴ칫ĶһûӰ̫ȻС
ǽ˳
˵ϲ
칫Ŷ
ǡ
˵һֱڶ˵£֪дԳ֮Ůûʲôĵط
칫Ŷ
̲סˣ˵㲻֮Ů
칫ʧĿһӣĵиȣ̫ǳˡ
á˵ȫġ򶨵˵ǵģҲǡ
Ȱ׷ʣĸ˭
Ҳ˵˵Ҳš
ǺǡĸΪҪ˵أĬˣֻһټ֡Ҳ֮ŮֵȷŮΪڲŷϡ
칫ȴüѾƶʱͻȻʣ㵱治֮Ůǡ
ȵĿŸף졣ٴҲ֪ײԵ޹ʵô˵
칫ĸꣿҸĸ֮ˣֻǲ֮ڿڡ
칫еĲժǹûеָĸףǡĸһԶˡ
ɣ
ѵڰʾǽѪ
̫ˣ
潪̨ʱżꣿģǾͲƭǽ٣
ǽѪ³ڵĴһԽܣ㲻ǣܵأ
֤ʵˣ³ضҪȥ̨ʵ۶ӶҪѵ⣬ҪҪҪսҪͷ壡ʾ
Ǹ鷳ˣ
ڵķ̨ڵġʵۡ칫޷ܵĴ鷳
칫ͷ˲
ǰСŮӡƯ۾أ˷̬֮
Ȼˡ
Ѿˡ
׻ƱȻӳһצӣԶԷķӦ
ҪԷĽ
٣ѾĽˡ
Ŀǰķ̨ǲܴġ
ҲܳҲޱɳ֮֮ľҲˡ
ȡλĴ£ǻʵ۲ܽ
ھõʵ֪ۡԺ󣬱ҪٳҪ룬ҪŭҪʦҪٸȡ˵ϴˢϵĳ裬ϴˢʵ۱ɱΡð衣
ʵۡ
ܡ
ǣһȡλʮ꣬ĳ趼ûʵ۶ݣʵӶţζʲô
ζ˶۾ˡ
̨һҡ
õĽ취ʲôأ
ǡװ֪
ʲôҲûʲôҲû֡
³ûбѪûбռλ
λϵĽϣ
ǰĽϹһûκ⡣
칫ƽĿǰĽ˵ˣͰ׸дɡ
һ۽ˡ
Ӿ񣬰ڳ˵뽪Ƽݡ
칫ıӰأͷе㶡
칫ǣ
ͰѳӺİĵ͸ˣ
϶ƻƻ
ûȤĿƵ׸ᣬԸⶺһͷӾˣ޶⣬޶ƣ²ƢСû˼
ֱ칫ȻˣҲˡˡ׸磬һȥ
˵ղϰ׸ˡ
Ҫ˵ĺõ㡣
Ŀ࣬һαôɨ
׸涣빫ཻѾãղȻ̫ܿó칫һУ֮칫ɴˣӸˡ
ʦ㶼治𣿣
칫а׸һߣһ䡣
׸ٿˣɼǵӵлмúãúõģ㣬һǹϲġ
ֱӰ˼ҡ
ȻͿİޣԣҼڼ̸ЦߺȲء
ͽˢˢˢһſվˣһ˫˫۾ĶѾõ³ơ
ɫ˰
̬졣
ǰ˫Ŀ
׸磺
ʲôͶ
һȺ˸ġҲƴǣףžͺ˳ֵİѰ׸еֱߣֱߣ󣬺Ͱ׸ķ˵Ļ
׸һ֮ңİޣֳ³ǰǶôĶţֹˮΪ
޶ЦһЦЦȥϾͶһֻ֣ġ
èࡣ
׸˲߷
ЦУλʶֻ׸ˡ
׸˵ѵ˧ߣʦֵ˺޵ƽйˡ
Ȼλͣȥ
عͷֹѾʦ̸ֵһȥˡ
͵͵ɵɵ㶼ˣƽɻûأҪ³˽飬պҵõ𣿡
ʦֵǶժǹħצİ
ԣǵ汻ǰûŮ
׸磺Ҳ㵱ӵ汻ŮܱҸ򶨡
Բ˵ˡȷʵǸ⣬رǶԷһŮˣǰ׸ˣժǹȥ档
˵ӻʲô顣
׸С߹ȥޱһļ꣬ǡκ²ĸ޽˵ûûһ족˷ܵ¡
׸磺
תͷˡ߹ȥᱻֻʱˣôأˣ᲻˼ġ
˼밮֮ĶʱһߣڲӵĽȴѾ
عԣ˵ʲôպŶΧȥءԣŶ˵¡
׸磺ʲô᣿Կ׳һʲô᣿³˷̨ȻҪʶĻᡣ
˵³Ƿʸ̻ʵ۵ı۴һ֣ٿǹԤˣĦȭƵĵŰ³˶ſ¡
ǻں飬׼ٸǹ³
׸磺죿
ûпʼˣû׼ѵ湫ȺеĽƽ졣
ôԽȥͣ
ԾͿ׸ͻȻսʮĳ嵽ȺȥˣƽϿԼժǹߡ
ԣ
ͿͻȻ񿴵ʲôЦһЦ
ЦʲôҲЦˡ
˵ҵİˣһ򵥵ˣΪС¸ˣΪСģ飬ԶصƭҡƫƫΪǸʵǳһ֪СܱʦֵܺƭҪ£ֻһǿ䣻ǿˡ
ͻԼĳˡ


519 ճ
칫ĵǼ¡칫˭, ŵĶϵڶû˸վǰϵһ
˵ģĿǰҲû˭ôԼڡ
ǣ칫е̳һˡ
Լǲϵġ
Ͼˡ
칫ĵ̫ˣ칫ֲɣԼŵĵ, ӵ, ಻ϸѿʵϡ
, ˰ʮˣǰʮûյ, ʮյĵҲܸٸͽͽ
ͷס
ġ
԰׸һôԼһ£ѡһʮ潪ҡ졣
ʵҲɱġĶ, 䶷ʦֵһҲãͷ, Ǽҵͷ࣬СƵ, ׵úܣ
úܺ, Ҫ¶ĺôԼõʦֵܡ
Ͼʵѡ, һӾѡһءʵ۲ʮ壬ˣһʵ۳ѡ, ˣʦֵʹģѾˡ
ϣһʮѵһġĿĴ¡
Ļ¶£
ð
Ͱƽһѣ趼ûأѾԼһǹˣЩٰѻȥͰ칫ĵӰˣϵģġ
칫㲻վҲ˰
׸ɲ뺦칫
ȿڣһʦֵ̡ܶ
㣬ڳ
һָʦӣߺߵġ
㣬ų
һָڶʦҲˡ
㡭
ָʦֶ˵Լˡ
̣ʣµҲˡ
ҵģҪõġ
ƽ첻С
а׸˵ƽ쳤һź˵Ů࡭ǣġϣôˡ
˻Ǻÿġ
üһЦҲЦ׸磬ǲҲҪһң
׸Ŀһۣ˵
ƽ죺ǲˣתͷͶԽ˵ѡ
׸ǲũɽԷ£˲УһòһĻ
ƽ죬۰׸磬˵ҾͲ˵ˣҵֱʡﶼûһõģ
ʣ¼Ҳѧˣƾ׸ôʣ˵ϻ˭
Ȼʣ׸Ҫ˭
׸磬ȻҲ˵
һѴ˱С˭Ҳ
ֻһԿѡÿһۻᣬֻǸ裬ﲻ˵ˡʣµĶЩ׵ġ
һ˵˻á
ϣ˵ҵӽҵɨ顣ֻ˵Ǹȡ衣
һʱ鶨˵ԼǴɢȥΪı۴׼ˡ
Ҳҵһʢ£׵ľͽ赽ҸʱõĴӡ˵ʱŻТվһݵĴӣҲˡ
ϻ棬׼ġѧͯ͸Ͳˮ͵ġ
нû뵽ŮовԹ۵ģŮӣûг׵ģȻ˵Ҹ֮ˡ
ʱ׿Ʒˡ˵ͽǵѡ칫ĻĹ򣬿˿Ķĵˡ
ֻô˵רСƫߣǰڵ֮ԣҪ߶ʲôˣߵֶʲôԸܵģ࿴أ֪Ǹʲôˡ
Ļȫһͷֵܶģе˺ܿͻᳳ첱Ӵ֣еĻᷢеһ˵ģ֪ơ
浱Χۣǿ˲Ц
һΪԼ˵̫СԱһ٣ҪԼ˵󣬱˺ԣ͵٣ߵ߳ͷΪʤˡ
˸ѧдĵģдġ
𣿡Цû뵽ǲǸҲ˵أ
˵⻹õġе˵ʱ˵ˣȥ˺֣רÿĻ֮󣬶ˤӣ˲֪ʲô˸ˣһΪ񣬽һҹţ֪˭˸ڵ֮Ҳûˡ
칫˵󣬻ȥҽҽΣѾˡ칫ѹ˺ܾãҪҵ˵ˣһҪҲûζ
ǴԺĻ˵˾ˣˣҲֻˤա
̾òҵˡ֪պôˡ
ҲҲһԿǶô˵ġ
֮ǰΪΪ³ģô˵˻ˣĸȥ·ͷˡ
ߺ󣬽ʩһ
ܹԽʩ
ЦΪʱŵޣΪʲô빫ҵɷϧһˡ
Цз˰Ȼð
Цˣ˵˰׸ǰʱȤ¡
һʼ԰׸ӡ󲢲áΪ׸ר˵Ķ̴ԵƷܲֱ۵ʿӡ
Ļۣʲô˵ʲôʵѧӮŶԣôר˵Ķ̴أҲ̫Сˡ
ɺַ֣׸粢ۡüˣԭүүӦҪȵȡ
үүʱҪôԣʱ˸壬϶ܰѶԷ˵ƿԣͷ䣻
ʱܸԸңʱվڱǱԡʼԳݺ׸磬׸Ψһľ֡ˣͲˣ
һʱͲͷˣֻѳͷѱˣվԷר̴ˣٰƳ
Խ׸磬Խɰס
ǣͼ޸òԾ΢Цǲе㡭ίԼˣһСģͰĶˡ
׸Ȼδӵһ顣
濴ó³ô׸磬Ҳ׸翴ˣĸǴҶ׸簮ңңȢ֮ŮһŮ׸һϲ
԰׸磬³˵ģЩġ
ʱѡ׸Ϊáûбõģĵģȥûа׸磬ǳź
ͻȻվ

Ҳˡ汻ͻŭΧˡ԰ΪʲôҪôࣿǲ˶ѣ
۸ȥɣŪȥɣ
˱ǡǳʩһʩʩȻˡ
ıӰԶȥ̲סЦ
ӸղžһֱĬ˵ʱŮӣŴôô
ǱֻҪ˷ĵȰѡмİ顣Ը⣬аֶٰð׸ƴӡƫƫԸԭأȰ׸ͷ
޷⡣
⣬ôųڰֶΣΪĿ겻ǰ鱾ǸǸˡҪõһˣô߹أиõķ羰ô죿߹ҲΧֻһ·ߡ
治Ǳֻ̫
ˡ
Բ£ɫ١
߾ǰԱǰ׸硢Ժ
ǲġڴվҲϾλɶˣҲҵģȷʵҪһվﵱ롣
ԲǲΪͷûȤ
ҲŮϯֹŮ죬ıŮ죬Ҳ·ʿӵŮǰʮ֡
ǻĵģģڿ
³ء
˵뵱ʺ
˵ѡʺ
ֻ³ôţѣ˶ų̂ôѡأ
ҿδءڲѾλֻ³ôͳأҪҪȥ˵˵
ǰ󿴿ԼһǰʱҪһŮǵȷˡ
Ů죬δ޵ĻǼ޹ģϳͷңġ
ʱʣأ
԰ôڣ
һãڽǰİ׸һָߵǸûĵģˣ
ǰ׸Ҳ㷣ΣԲ
ָǰ棺һ˵ʲô
۴᲻ǶһĿһܣһС壬ȸԿ⣬ˣ߰ˣ־ͬϵĿʼ˵˵˵ţַͿԿʼˡȻҲдͷβûгַģ͵ǽ
׵ĽÿһСȦȦﶼڳʲôܿóǸȦȦжʮˣס
׸类ȥһڻ˵۵Ĺ

Ҳǳе¡˵Ϊģֻ˵¡һ죬͵Ϥˡ
Ϳʼ׸磬ָʹܣǱתתٸѧһѧ֪Ҷ˵ʲô
ۺϿҶ񻰵ȤԶʤڶʵ硣
֮һСȦȦʲôŮԴȥĸۡ
ԱûȤˣʼ԰׸˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡׸ǽؼһ·׼μʱŷְģȫûͷ
Ұһûطסû·ûԣֻȥԻ칫ס
ˣͺܶˡ
һôʣ̾˵֪𣿡
Ψ²ҵС˵֪ҵˡ
׸һѣҡ
һֶѣ
ô֪ģΪʲô֪
²Żģ˼ȻˣҪҪ͵һ³֮λһǸ˵ġ
ʲôѵˣ
ֻ롢롭
һߣԶ
Ůһ˵Լøλӡ
ôУܲܲ˵
ŮǺǣ˭ô󷽣ȥ̺İҸǰֻûһ£۾Ҫɱһң
ôСһ𳤴Ůû취ֻñȥ˵
ŮǸСƫװȡ
棺
ŮǸƢҪ˹㻹Ҫװͻݡ
棺
Ů˻ˡ
棺ߣƭң
һϤĻӱ˹˵ϡ
ϤĴϢҵ
棬棬ֻ㣡ֻ㣡ҡԺҲˡҪҰ
Żġ
ͻȻҵᡣ
׸籧棺ȥɣ
棺ôˣ
׸ɪɪҪҴ³ȥҪȥ³٣찡ԲҪ
ãã


520 ԰ɫزס
ҹĻʱ, ѴһȺҡΣ״ڵʿǱ˷ŵϳʱƤֱܻԼ»𡣿ɼĻǳɹ, ⣺³ûʸ񵱻ʺ, Ŀǰδ
ΪϸĴ붼Ѿ
ѾǹʶѣϤѣû˵Ϊ³һܡȻ, ĻȴѾ̫ȥˡ
̨֪³, Ѿҳ¶ݡЩһæȥ³ʲô˵ʲô
³Ȥ½紫ˡ˵, У³Ϥһ㡣ĹҲֻǵԹǸ, κòκǸܺõĴ
³ǰͷ˵ڶĻʺ󣬺ͷ˵Ů·Ա˵ֶ, ˳³
һæΧȥ, ³ǲ̬ʮ㣿ɫж
˹һЦ, һֶ˵Щ˰סһ١
Ǻβ´Ļȥһأ
⵹ǣΪ, ۼΪʵ
ɢȥʿǻصУҹּţĳҪھӡ˵һ˵԰԰ڡ
˶ʶ˼ѣҹóʲôĲȤֻ֪³¡
ϧ³˭ûʿҲûʲôȤ
ʿǵĿй³Ŀ
˵òɣﲻ˵Цһɣ
˵߲ʣ˲ð
˵û֣ǸŮ湫͸ˣ
˭
ŶǸ׸硣
ң¸Ů˵̸Ц
һ֮е˶æˡ칫֮⣬ҴСС٣׵ķףѵķѣڼҲв
׸ͱץȥˣ˭о˵³áأ
û㲻С칫ܵ˼ȥ׸˵ˣ³֮ǰͶԷ̨ޱȵĺ棡ֻû֮ǰѾѷִ̨ļҶˣ
칫̬һʧˣϣܰס̬չҪ³ǣŴҵıߡ
ԾԷ̨İʱءҡ
Զӧˡ
ûзԣܺáϲˣŮˡˡСӣϲ
̸һ˺Ͱˣڰ׸ǰôҲڲġ
˵ûа׸羯ѣֻԼҲ֪͸¶ĶжҪ
磬Ͱ׸ʮֻ꣬һӡΪʲôô٣ΪһŮеԼѵ󲻵ù׽ɷ
ƺܲ飿´ŷҳڰŮĲµļѵ
ڵŮˣ߳ɻʱΣաǹŹأ⻰һ㶼šһؾѹأŮ˻Ӳġ
ҽķչ֪ʱܽչŮ˰ĴĵزȻǲܵġ
ôܱסŮأ
ܲǼˣǾֻܽɷ׽
׽ͲкӣûкӣͲͲա
ҵļŮǾ޳ȥҲһǣصΪӶɷҲûôɡ
Ѿܶ궼ûоսˣҲûкеرǶ˵۾ӣûһһͶӾǡοûӣյ
ĻͣŮǲΪӱʲôѹͲɷϵþͲС
ɷϵˣ̲סҪ׽ô죿ҼѵҲֹһ׸һԸܺõСˣĸ׾ͽʮǰ׸׽ʮԺͿˡ
˵ĸ׸߾ˣʱ볤ߣȥ轣Ϊ˵᳤ߣѧ³Թ衣ȹӶˣ˻ˡ
ΨһĺӾ֮ġ
ԺΪʲôĸ׻ʮԺ׸ȣ˿Էݣعʲôʱҹ
ҲǲµġʼߵŮ׸磬ֹԼһأֻð׸飬Ͻ
ûбİ취ȿ־׽᲻
ûܿļ塣һҲǻ۵ý˳Ծ
³ļ岻࣬ӽϡҡҡҡô壬Լȱŵ㣬ûһܽж
ЩֻôԼȥȥеӵܡ
ұǶá
˵ӣС
ҵһѵǰ븸ͬߡ
˼ǺӳǰĹܡʲô㲻ι̣źϱȥι̣庢ӱӱӣⶼǵĻ
׸Ϊ˸ʮֺ档һգźйʱͻ룺⺢жأ
Ѱ·ȡ׵Ķӣȡһƽ
ƽߡмԲ׶ͣϼһˣͷһ߷ųһ߷źʱɼ
ͰѺӷһߵĶһߵףӳǡһأ
²ܵ칫Ӹ칫
֮⺢ӵС
ЦأЦôֻˡ
ʱһֻǾί˵ίӸ棬ȥҭءԺСҪް׸֮ǰζѻ¸ϵ˵͵͵˿ޣ죬£ȪƣֱӰԼˡ
ְ֮ҵŮ
м޵ҵģҲм˵ŮҶʮڡ
ȻԽܺ棬ҲûеʲôѿĻ⡣񣬶̾ٿ밢֮˿ֶид
ооðƭ˵ġϾһò;ūȻҴ˵壬̸һ㣬ܿû顣
ȴκ
һһūƭ˰
ǣŮҪѰ
Ϊ˵Ǿͱܿĸϸϸķǰ龰ĴԼܻеն˼УǸɵľġ
֮ȻܸжȻͿʼ͡
磬޻ʵۡ
Ů֪ʵ⣬ǿʵʮ꣬밢䣬൱ഺòδزܵõʵ۵İ
ҡͷ˵ϲ񣬲Ը޻ʵۡ
ѽ⡣ŮǶû˵ˣֻ׷׸̾ȻȰҪ̫׽ˣ
ߺ
氢ģʰҪȥǲҪκǿ԰æκŰʲôġ
ҡͷ˵κΪȥ³ʶ˹֮ŹҸԻʵѡ֮󣬹㵱˻ʺȥ³ˣ˵ס³ȥ
ŮȻȫһЦֱ̾Сˡ
ȲˣŭҽˣΪҪ׼ðʲôһתͷȴ棬ŭȳ˼԰̽һ
̽꣬ЩŮˡһ򽪼Ǹ
İǰ˵ˣصϣҪǵΪǺģֻ˽
ŮҲϿҵĵǸΪᣬȻ̾˼Ҳ顣
ҪһˣߵĵλŮ˾Ȼ˽á
˿ͰƵȥˣղŵɫء
Ȱߺ棬һȥκʹ߼ס
ˣӦ氢ȥġ
˵ȥּʹ߶ǵġˡ˸ҵ
κʱҲʹȥּġû𣬹ưҲְ֪¸ˡ
˵ȥֻܸ˻ûء
˵ǱκˣκĹ١Ц
ʵ۵ĹٲõĹپͺõһˡǸʹȥκ󣬾Ȼˡ
ЦҲǼϲ£Ǹȥصġ˱񣬽жСӲȥء
ûа취ֹֻð˳ӼݣͶСȥ
칫֪ʱѾˡ
׸类칫ǰӣԺ˵ʦǲõġôܹصסժǹȥɶǡ
ΪʲôȥͲ֪ˣܲס˲˰ɣ
칫̾ˡܹؼҲˡ˵һĻᣬͶ³ʮɣΧ¯ѩ
زס


521 
Сһֱ, ӽ̨ǰĿ첡ˣ˶˺öࡣ
ڿ̨ʱű֪󻹸ǧĴǧͻ³Ǿͽڷ̨פˡһ·İ񣬴˰ɡ
뽨򣬽жСһƪ, ʱݵ̨, ýС˳
ɣҹ˼У֮ңиȫ³˵Ĵׯ泩, Ƶİɡ
С飺
û뵽Ǵűģ˵ֻǧ, ţ޻ʵ۵д
ûУ
ǴǮ
԰һ, ޻ʵۣȻҪ·ϰǮŶԣ͵͵, ˼Ͳˣ
ǣС鲡ˡ
ȲȰ⣬ֲȥ뵽жٱÿ۱, Ƿ̨³в֮, , ŵǰʿʵ󳼵ɭɭĿʣƿ, ֻײһס
ֲ
ô룬ʵ۷֡ϵԾ˰
ûһۿۡ
ĶкüƷƷҽأʵѧġһζСⲻ⣬ÿҩС˵㣬˵㣬˻ǻúܺõġ
һ仰Ҫȥÿ͡ҽٹһҩֱϳȥҲ
ȥͱ˶ˡ

һˣˣҡ
С³ʱҲ̫죬Ҳϸ죬ϾҿŽֹģǼ꣬СҲڼбλȽϿǰӵܡ·ģһ֪ˡ
ңСͣ˵ǰʣкιɣΪʲôҵĳ·治ͨӵܣ纣ӡ
ڶСǰҷԻ˵ú䣬£һʹãڶʶСãһֱһֱݷùɹų֪̂ͨˣǻǴģȻͽ̨ˣȻӷ˳ˣҽȥҺί
С鲻̫Ӧˣ֪ˣһǵĸ߹
˵Ҫߣ˸Ͻ˵һ£Ǽһˣģ֪ûиһ
³󣬺ܿʧãã˺ˣһֱû͸Ѷε̨ˣϽһʼӵǷƽǷʲô˰ɣ
ŶСˡ
СһģӦ׼½ĳ˵ݶͽйǡ
ǡһ֪
ˣǣС飺غ棬ȥҰɣ´ӡǼˣӦˣǡ
ҸϽлСĳˡ
һңǼҲôд³Ȼƺܴ󣬵ϾǻʺһҾͲ̫ôͱ³ˣͶСˡ
ŶС˵ڶˡ

С鲻ʶڽǣϴֳǣǾûˡС֪ң֪Ҳûǫ̂¶ԶСңֱԼֺûʲôӡ
Ϊ̨в׷Ҳһ׷ˣ͵һ·ˣȥɡ룬֮󣬹Ҳӵȥ
ʿӾһͷǸдֵģȥٰɡͰӹﵱȥˡ
еԾֲ̫Ծ
Ѿ˵ʱȥͷ˵Ҳ˵աȰ롱˵
û
˵ȥˣΪɵˡ⣬ϵ˻ɵ˴ˣͬھ
Ϊɵڿɵ
ԴȻûġݡ֮£һ³ˡ
Ǳڼ̨ʾʴȵĶԽܳ裬Խ˺ޡЩҺ޽˵ĺͻȥˡ
װģһѴӣҲüûϴˣһͺܲϡ
ȥϴûСֽ䣬˼ǣɴˣ˵ڽϵ³ۻᣬҼλڶĽȥһѧһѧȻңǵ÷һ£ҰŤת
С˵ʲôأֻôӦˡ
Ҵһˣ˸βͣ˵ǣѾڽϾһЩˣǶĵ»ݣһάģ
Ǻ׼ŵġȽ絽̨Ѿڴ˰ѸϵŶˣϵҲˡ³ʿ֮ʶ˲ˣȽԺͿʼڰм潪ҡˡ
ţҲΪðʱĹһ˳Ťתһ¹Ŀӡ
Լһֱͣڸͬȵĵλϰ
Ϊһһֻġ
¡
Ϊȣ˶С飬ڴ˵һ˵˵˰ҹ
ΪܴĴѷ̨˴룬˸³Ϣ
ⶼǰʱĵһϢ
³ʵѾеˡ
²պһЩƶҶǶϲλֵΪǿͨһһĽ֮ס
ǽϴҡգȴԴ
Ȼ֪ȫǹֱʡ
Թ֮Ҳɴ˶
һֱˡŮӣֶȴ飬תֱֱȥ
ȻΣǺֱӵľ¶ˡ
һ£ǡǻǲˣҲǿˡеΪ˾ţеΪ˷ܡ
ڴŻ
̰桢̰ơ̰ȨΪڣΪΣڴҵƤ£Сңͨսһͨ
³ӿֳ³ǡ´壬õȫ¹Щ¹ҾټϮС
ǿġ
ǵǹѡǳҲǹ
ѡٵ׼жϷǶ˹١
ǵжǶ˹٣Ȩɷ
ǵȷǹٰ
ӬپͲǹ
ŮӴɷľͲǹЩ٣ÿϽ˿ƽ򣬶ģҪˡ
С
ܡ
ЩѾ˴̨ˮصһƬۿذҲҪסˡ
ж
ǲ֪ǿԹ
ֻֽľ
³Ѿһֻľľޡ
̫ˣ
˭õʮǰֳ³ĳûʲôͬסһѾû취ȥ𾴵Ĵ
ʮڣ֪ӵֳǡֳȴûбϿ塣
е񣬱һ޴Ĺ
ڴ˵ԹΪ׵ĽյĳǳУ˿Ѿ³ǵܺˡ
Ҳ˵³еĳһ飬ŲֳܸǴƽ֡
Ҳֻڱ˿ڶѡ
ǣнˮˮ
ǣԽ󽫾Ϊ׵ļʮ۱
ǣ̳ǡֺΪܵ·
й
ΪⳡҵĲģѾʤˡ
ԣŻ׵³̨
ΪʤÿˣֻڽʲôʽȥշЩǡ
ͽˡ
ǴҡѾı䣬޲ߣ
뷴Ǿֻϵһ𣬴ӼʮңټңһңһˣпܺӴĽ϶Կ

ǰ˳ǵĵµİաСҶò˳ˡ
˽һСﲩǰʲôβȥǰһأ
Ƚɶˣϲ֮ʿ˵ֳֵز˰̲˰д־ͿԵ٣ͿȥѧһվͿȥٺ»
ôܲȥֳǣ
Ҫȥ뻻طóͷʿҪȥ˶Ҫȥֳǡ
ƽ³һ֡
һ֣ˣųȥ׳󰲿˳ǼڳУǾ´ˣ
ڶ֣ͬԴԽͶĴǣڴˣ
֣
˵ҿֻ»֮һ
ΪһҪĴǣʵںơӵλÿͲױֳء
Цˡ
תڵиˡ
ҡͷҲ֪ΰֻ˳ӣǾʡ£˳ӣǸպ𣿡˳Ľ˰
Ķˣֻڲ³
ȥ𣿡һתɫĳֻһˣԸڴ˵Ϊն


522 ҵþ
ϵÿһ˶ʼƷµʱ, ̨ѡˡ
Ƕʲô


ó
Ʒº
ö
ǵĸĸʲô֮ʲô
ӳڣдд
һ׮׮һģ˽ͷβ۵Ľ㡣
Գ֮ǰ˴ĺôˡ˵Թκû³Ĺ¶ࡣ
һ࣬ԵϤ߽ö, ͺʶˡ
˶˵³Ů½
ǻ˵³ͨ׵˵, ԸȽޱȽңȱȽ
һϡ, ȱ㶼ôĿˡ
˵ΪЩȱ, ˾ƽ׽ˡ
֮Ϊ, һڹ֮仹治
³ȣԹκͳˡû֪ǵĹ£û֪ǳʲô, ʲôãʲôȱ㡣ûǡ
Ŷһ½·, ֪ܸܲء
С͸, ġʺ֮λˡ
칫ۿ鷢ġ, Ҳɿ֣û֡³زģʲô, ҲҪʱ䣬Ҫʱ
ûϵ龹˳
ԾˣȥĽ˼
׸磬ϸ³£а׸Ϊʵ̫칫ͽһһ³¶ԭѧ
֮ëѡ
˵̨ʲô칫ŵùģëˡ
ëұֻǸеȼ塣Уڷ̨ŲϺš
Ϊʵ۲һԳ˲ŵ㡣ʮ֮꣬˲٣ɷ̨ȴûڵط
׵Ȼ칫ľ
ǰ˲Ŷڷ̨ڻʵߡ˲Ŷ棬ڸǡС
ζʲô
Ұģα洵Լأ
칫һֱϣһԼļ̳ߡҾˡһŹˣǧվٳڶ칫¾Ҫѹˡ
칫ѡëѡ
ţëҽˣĿǰҲڳе϶˵ϻһ֮
ëѣȻЩ˽ģеģҲдֹۣ۹ⲻԹȡ仰˵۶࣬ǸıԣֶΣ̡̣
ҪǣëѰɾԼһ֮
ΪӣʲôأȻǷˡ
һëѾǸӵĺòϡ
칫ëѽƶΪʺ¡
ëѵһΪʺ浱˻ʺҲ⡣ȻʺСӣٶСʹСӷΪ̫ӣʱʩչʱء
칫ѡ³Ǿɡ
ëѴӦúʹ졣
칫ȴѡΪòѡ
ë칫γأ
칫ûϵ˵ʲôǶ˵³
ëЦһǰˡһǰ׸յ³Ѿд³
칫ʣ𣿡ûС
ëѾҲ֡κǱ߰ʹˣæ֣û·ϣûǸʹߣʹǻĻġСʹҲ
ԣ³ռҵı˵ġ
칫ʣ֪ΪʲôһڣϾͱ˶˵³𣿡ëѾȣһڣ
ǵѾܾˡϸҲ֣һ£˵һˣǶ˵ˣһȴñǰи˹ˡ
ҲΪ³Ļ¡
Ϊ³Ļᣬµۡ
칫ҡͷǡˣ³̡
ëѵˣ³̣
̨İԹĹ£һСС³Զǧ֮⣬û¶ݣôôȤ
̶һ֮ھʹ˴С
칫˴ȴ³̣˵³ӿˣǰ³Ȥ²䷳˵һһ飬ÿһǴķ̨˵ÿһ³˵
ǿҫ³ҫ³ҫ³ҫ³صɽˮ
ⱾǺġ
ȴƫƫӦʱ˺͡
պǹǰ˵Ĵӿû칫ע⡣
׼³̴Ļӿ̨һ³һ׬ߴߴڷ̨ӡ³򵽱򲻵Ķ³ȱ𴦶ˣ
³ص˺ߵ̨Ϊ·;̫Զˡ
³һ·ߣһ··׷һ·⣬˽һ̨꣬·Ҳˡ
³̾͵˷̨
ǴĲֹ³Ļԡκࡢ֣
ǲ䱦׷̨䱦ǵ䱦
ӦǺ뵽̨ġЩ³ǸժǹģڰǶ³ʱ򣬻ڹǰҶڰʱ
칫ǸǡѾˡ
Զˣ׷³ڶ̶̲µʱͽ˴ׯȻȻ
ȥ˵˵Ǵׯ˵һǣ˻ûнǽ֮⡣
Ľֵнƣһ֪
ǰҶд㳡þڴͣţ̯פж
ҶϱУأűֱ࣬óӱţ״Žǰȥġ칫Ц
ëѵɫѾˡ
ء칫
ǡȻҪйй
ǵģȻ³û˵Ҫȥסһ˵ǵ˻ʺ󣬵ȻҲȥס
йǽˣڹǵ롣ȻֻǼ򵥵Ļ˵ؽ磬ľשʯˣƺȿҪʼ޽ˡ
ǸСλ칫ͿԶԣⲻǹйǵй
ǰкңгģмģõģıõģвѧϰġ
칫ȥйתһȦûҵһƺϷ֮
̨Ҳüڡй̨ͥ¥ĵ԰ЩǱҪġ
Ҫظ߽׼ĹΪҲҪıĹ㳡߸ĵ㽫̨
ëѵɫѾЩˣ̫š
칫һڲ裬С
йǰйᡣǰúᣬѾƣѾк¹ڰ칫ˣǰֵӣѾڴ˵ؿ˼ŵ֡
ǰиʾ³ֺѧйٸʾ
Ҳֹһ䡣
ֹһ䡣ëһ
칫Цʿụ̃С̡ۡ˾ְ
ⲻһǣһ͢
ëǲţ³֮⣿
칫ҡͷ³Զǧ֮⡣ڳС
ë칫ʲôò׼칫˼ҲԲѡΪ󡣡
ǰ֪Ů˲ǾͲѡ
⻰˵ˣëԼš㲻ѡ͵ʺˣ
˵칫˵ѡ³͵ɻʺˣ
δذɡ
³ˣǸҲͲˡ
ʱëѲž÷̨ˣʵǡ̫ࡱˡ
칫ֻˡ³ϼˣʺġ
ҪȻûܲ
칫ҡͷ
ȥ̽³жٱ¡ֻǾ³Ǹˡǰڸȷţ³ġ
Լֵģŷ̨ϳ֮⣬ûǸȥϸµĹ۲Щ
ȻǸҲᵽڶúõ
칫ԼҲҪ³ŽȥǿûģĲֻ̨£û쵽ͷȥǹǲ֪ҪòŻᱻ˿󣬻᲻ᷢĲ֮Ҳ˵
Ϲ̫ˡ
칫Լÿɱ
̫ˡ
ʮˣ
콵ôһʲôͲܽ
ô롣ʺڣʵǳɵҪˣǴǱҲҪˣû˽Ĺʢ֮ˣûв֮ģҲҪˣ
û̫ӣҲҪˡ
칫Ҫˡ
Ŷʮ갡ĿԷıˡ


523 һûʺҪʲô
ô֮, ӭ˵һ԰ݷߣݻͣƵĹְǡ˾ա
˾ְ³ûУϿʱѧϰǼĹְ, ˾ձ˾ոһ, ˾Ǽϵϴ˾ոڣܼ֮Ҳÿ, ߡƷܡ
ɱ˾ҪʶˣֹܡҼʱĹƷʲôǮˡﶼ, úòãǹϵ¡˵ġ
, ǸʵȨԱ
ëѡ
ϡ氡
ôأ
Ψһȷľܽ˵칫Ĺϵ
סң൱ҵġ, Ҫȹء
ΪĿǰʥּû, ҲǸƴԼѡ
˴Լ֮, ûбȥ˵᲻Ǯ
뵱ʺĻ, Ǯǲʡġ
֮ǰҪҪȥһ£˵ҪģĿĲΪʺ
ȥˣ˶֪ȶСõڰ, С˵Ŀⶼڡ³󳼡Сϣûע⵽
ǵУ³ҪӶСģǸ裬һǴ³̨СĲߣʲôʱС鶼˵͸ˣ԰Ұᵽ̨ʺˣϹ̨ȥߵŵʺ
СﲻˣŶˡ
ֻҽúעС壬ҩһһĹ࣬ôõ˲ţɲֻһء
ԣëԽСֵúúüһˡ
ëǱ׸ģ󣬰׸ߣˡ
Դ֮ҲӰˡۿɱ࣬Ҳȣ׶ҡϲ棬ȻҲҲϲ桪ʶôŮ졣
ڵ̨ҶһʶһǲܵģʶʶǵӡŮϱҲܺ
٣ƶϳȤ¡
˵Ƿ̨󽫾Ļңҵβ֪Ӧö޸֮ġǵ˵ƽʱϲľǸһģȾ̸죬͸ŮƯ
ûһǰհо̵ġ
ҵŮϱ֮Χŵģ˵֮Ҳͷͷǵ̨ʲôϷҲضǴӻҿʼ
ڷ̨һʱС塣
ȻǼҲȨ
ȻϲĻңĴ󽫾
ëҲëŮľۻϲôڡҲܺȺǴһͻǺԹȥĵط
ëʼëѵŮʲô˵ʲôȻûʲôӡ
ëѣ˾ֱׯ֮⣬Ҳ̵ӡ
ܾëҵĴ֮
ôò빫Ҫ֡ëЦ
º󣬰׸֮䣬˶Զʱ̵ŶŶ
ëѣ˶Թģ֮ǰûǿУ˶̫öԸ
ײһ𣬰׸绹еء
Ҳúܶܼҵҡ
վã˼𣿡
ҹ˼
ȥ𣿡ëѻһ¡
ҵȻ롣ֻǣ»ûѡʺ󡭡ͷᡣ
ëѰ̾ĹȥˣѡѡһҪǸơ
ëһûô칫ֲ
ǰܾ칫ѾõСˡһа궼ڳƲ֣칫Զ󵨡
ڷ³Ĳ֮󣬿־־壬Ȼ³ʺ
Ȼ³ô˻ʺ֮󣬾Ϳɱסˡ
ëȴòΪȨӦɻʵҹͬƹܣƽ⣬׵ġһ˿ܳһȺ˻ƺ⣬Ͳ׳
ʺ󣿻һδĻʺƷԹҲۣһмһŮϣ
а
Ҳ
˵칫
칫˵ӶҪˣ㻹ڵúϲʣлʵۣгӣй
鷳ľûһסĻʵۣ³˻ʺǻʵ۵ӣһλʵ۵Ҳ˵ٻٴһΣһʵҲãٹһõġ
칫˵ҿûʲôȨȻö԰Ѵһٻˣÿ뵽ϵȵۡ˯ž
һ˰ɡ
һģģõסöҪĶģ
ٲҪǳǸ˵ʲôţԼûһģ
׸ëʹ벻ң꣬ëѡʲôԽҵ𡱣ëѾͱһƪʷϼΪĴͻʺļģͳʺΪ׼ˡ
ѧƪ׸³ʱ˵̨ʱþĳãǰԽԽá͸༫Ϊľģмռ˰˳ɡ
ƪʺļľ˵ʺʱ˳ӦǴ죬죬죬Ƕ죬ʺĵһ¡
ЦˣָʾʱҲһдȥټúھͺˣð׾Ͱˣ̫ˣˣĹ£
ʣµĲݸ˾ˣţʱˣⶼĹ¡
ֲ÷ˮеʵҪگ˼·ȷʵǻʵ۵Ĵ
˵ʺʱ룬ʱϣƷܷḻȻʺ˺ܶຢӣĳȿĺûһҲаʮЩӶһһأǶͳȥˡ
ôຢӿ϶ġӦ˵ʺԼȻͰ˶ͳȥ˴١
еȻֻΪ˱ʺдĸ֮ġԹ˵ǺΪ˿ʺ󣬲˵ʵˣҿʺưѻʵ۵Ȩ˲١
;ܾٸˣԼ˵˵Ļŵ
ëѱһƪͷǣ˵Լܵ˽Ѭա
Ҳɡ׸ëˣûסҽ֪ëʲôģǲǳֻ۾ֵֻġЦ
ëѾȻķģ߹ġ൱ľġȸַաڣ̨Ǵƣûʶû֪ëһͨš
ȻΪ鷳Ҫлл
ôеϧ
ϧҲҪð
׸֪ˣҪСźá
ϣ빫ӽң
׸ʹ˾ս𣬽Ա߲ʱ䣬˳ѷ̨еĹְһ飬꣬ͿԱ˵衣
ӯӯһЦһֻϽȥӣͼתͷݸһԳԳЦĽ
ֶҼֻɵˡ
˫ֽӹ׸ò
׸絹һϽ棬ֻɫᷭ˸ÿİۣ׽ѡ
ʱע⵽һķʽһᣬѿ
׸绹֣뽪Զˡ
Լʲôĸо
󣬰׸ʰüΪÿͷģҲ»ȰʱÿЩ
һЦˡ
һһͬȥϴȻһŴϡ
׸һ°³ʲôʱ򽻺õģôõģƽʱ˵Щʲô
ޣɲҪ³̻˰
޾˵кöŮ٣ǰ楰ʲôģ𣿡
׸ġЩŮٺҲûʲô
޵ָưƣǣ簡Ҳ뵱ǡ
׸˵磿
޵СԴ԰˵ۣڣ˿ᣬҪء
׸ЦҪɫѣƽڴվͽȥǺ棬ǴȤʵûʹǸʲôİ
գ۾˵˵ûãƶס֮ˣλ˾
׸Цλ˾ޣպСļ㣬ѵҪʰ𣿡
Цкβɣ


524 ޻
ﲢûŻ֮, յԵģеŮģһ̵ͬ
СʱǸֵһͬɵģ鶼һʱͱĸ׽ռˡ
֮ǰ, Ҳûʲôԡ, ͱȱáѾ˼主ĶˣٴЩҲֻǽ
Ҳߴӵȥ٣ҲŮʲôͬ
Ȼ, Ůͱټ·ߣĹϵĸ桢ֵƽʱҲûп, ˵Ŀθأ
ȳʮһ꣬ŮӰ, ƺֻʣѰһɷһˣȻµĶŮӴϻۿɰ, ǲ͸
ĸպҸʲôɷʱҲ˵壬޸׸ֻ, Ϊһ˵, ׸綼ر, û취ϲ˷ĺ󣬲Ʒһζ
ȼ, ȲѧԸв֮
ͦġ

û
̨֮µİǹʲôͷϵĻʵǲʵµĴǲ˽ģ
θɣ
ӳûƶࡢյֻɷ򲻹ûаһĶͼʲô
ֱ³
ûм³ǰѾഫԣ޷ū衢Ȩȵȡ
ƾĶۣ̫³
ȻΪһȻиóеΣĲ˵һǱرģôܸ³Ĩأ
ʢĴ֮ﵱȻ͸ˡ꣬Ҳֻܺһʲôأ˵˷̨ĹһȣȻ͸ˡ
ΪԺ³Ȼᱻȥġֻ뿪
һжĲһ
³û֮ǰѾ÷ӿ濪ʼ£еıӣһ㣬ӡүү˵³ݣЩСڡ
ԭΪ԰³ߵȻֻС
³ˣ׸Զˡ׸һٵİ򣬶Ϊ³
׸ȴǺŮˣ۾ͻȻϻ᲻ԾĴ΢Ц
ʱ鶯Ķࡣ
ͻȻ֣ڰ׸ﲻ³ܸᲢۡ
Ӱ׸˸³Ĺ¡ȥԣ֣³׸˵
Ȩôỹţ³£ϣôһţ
ԷһȺҹܴùϻ𣿡
ͬ棬㲻ܰɺһŮˡ
һ
³ۿһʶ
ж಻ͬ
һμ棬³ζԴ׸ġ
ֱߵһ⣬λ̴ӡ
ü۽Ǽ
׸粻ῴоĹ۸СںƺѾϰ˱
Ӱ׸磬Ҳһӡ̸ֱ³ĺΪʲô޸
澹Ȼˡ
԰ϰ׸ΪܡȴԸΪ׸ӡ
ֻǰ׸ӣ
档
棬绢
̨Ҳ߰˰ˣط³˱³̨࣬˵ǰգʵҲкüʮŵģ̨λҪ԰ټơ
³ĹҲ٣⻹иʲô˵ĹְȫǼ򻯵ģ޲ܳϾ߰˸˾ˡ³ѧ³ʷʱһ㣬رǴӳʱͽһҶȨʡ£ǵ˽Ҳֻ˹һة࣬¸Լɾġ
ɷ̨ǡʵжٸ٣˾ʲôְǶõġְûˣͷĻʵͷĹٶż·ȥһ裬ҲҪλ
Ȼʵ۲£ɸֻк޹λ಻Լӵܵģӹ̫أ
ҶȻÿ󲻸żСβͣзĹϵǣǣûһ·Ļͷֲһûʲôã٣٣˵һһĴ
Уְֹһʵˣһʵûˣһʵְĵģһʵְˡ
ҪΣҪܶΡֻʷξ͹ʮµˡ
棬˲ɵһɺʤģ˻סԡð׸缤أͰ׬ˡ˰µĿκʼϧˣ˱Ȱ׸ǸŮˣСáˣһˣ˶ŹһӣվŹҲһӣŹһӣڽﲻŹأιأʲôأ
̲סַּЦֳɵ˵Ů˷֣ŶԭڽҸɷö֮⻹бĻ
ڸߴʲôȱʡ£ǸﲻأΪŮ𣿾͸ıɷСƣ
˵Ҳֲð׸翴㣬˵ΪˣôΪ໨˼
ŶҵȻ֪㲻ţǲΪΪֵֻ˼ܺƭסǻô㹦ܽ㿪ôܹأ
ѩˡ
̨Ķ³ͬĶҲⲻͬһ㡣
³ĶʳֿʼˣͰڳڣ³̾ۼ֮
ذ翴޴ĶڶԵĲѡʳͣǴԼĿⷿаѶãŶȡʳкİչԡ
԰ɣһ룬һ궼ƽƽġ
󼪴
ٲȫ
˺棬ʢһ룬ĳ겻ظǮߣ
Ե˾Ͷˡ
ˣȻҪʣ³ķ
˵ǡ
˵үүǰȥ³أô֪³ķף
˵ʳҹժǹġ
Ϲ³ºܶ࣬˶꣬˵ۿ¡
һʼ˾ǻȡ裬ֻΪ˵ʺƣһȥʳҹϢȥɲһСʳһֱڣǾʹӰŰɣˡ
ǲŵġ
Ҿвʰ׸ԣ³ʱ
ԺͰ׸綼𣻡ǰֳǷڲжʳŮ춼еġ
һ³˺ʱ³Ŀ࿴ˣ
³ٶ࣬ҲûǮ˵ӡ̡
ܵҪС顣
ǻǧӣ
Ȼһɫ֮ͽӣȷʵǻǧõһ
ҶС³ʹݡ
Ȼ³ǮСܰͣòҪ̫ǮͰݸ
Ӵ
칫ţҪ³ߵˣòԼһһ⣬Ҫ˼ҲûзΣ˵³ǮҰ˳Էһ۱
Ǻǡ
⻨ÿҪôǮȥôǮֻˣ֪ڻһжٱ
ѻȥСˡ
С鿴žûʲôƣˣһҲˣˣ˵ǿӲ͹ˣ
ͺǿӲҪ³
ǮҲԣ³ôǮأ͵ǮҰɡ
С鿪ʼ
룬һ³ǮĻԸ̾³ʺ
Աصߡ
粽ãҰס³ôãռ˶ٱء
³ôǮ
ＸŶŻҲԸһԸһŵȻС³סȥҷӺƯطܴ˺ܶ࣬ԽжС³顣
ʼŭˣԭ˵ģ⵱ȻУ
Ȼ³ܵеǿǿˣͲˡѾܶˣ˻ûռͼеĻϳһЩͷһЩҽĻڷ̨ٴ񡪡λгûкܴأǲֻͼЩͷ͹ģҪ³ϻʺ֮λҪڳռݸλãҪ̫º󣬰̫ߵλöռ
ô˵ɣӻʺ̫ӣҵ֮ˡ
δʮꡢʮǰ̰
Ѫˡ
С˿ʼʱϵġΡˡ
Ұѻϳˡ
͡˻ȥͱ칫йȥˡ
칫ԭίʼ̾
ײˣгݣǫףòԣ
칫һ֣
ѵҪ³ã
ⲻаɣ
ԣĴˣôң𲻶
칫ʮĴӣЦ˵죬ȥϴϵô˵ģҡ
죬һ󣬻Ҿˡ
ң³ܶܶǮ
ңռˣ
ɣ³һСǮ
ҷ³СҲһڷ̨ҲһҶѡο³κԹֻ³֪ˣ³ֹ֮³֮ƣ³κ֮ư
Ǯȫأ
ңǸòýҰǮóһַأ

ǰˡ
칫Ц㡣̫³ˣ㣬Ұ̫ˡ
ҪȻڰ³͸ҡ
칫ЦȻԡǰ³͹ȥ³϶ҽͣ˵ǲδǮҲû³Ǯһͻˡ

칫˵꣬һĿ˵Ҳˣˡ
̴Ӧϴţ˭ˡ
˾֪ˣ칫ֲˡ
ǧûÿҵţȥͰѻһ٣ͷһųô죿ô죿

ǧǻܰӼ˭칫Ҫϣʵ۶û취


525 
칫װѾĵ, Ҳϰˣ˺ü֪淢ʲôǰ׸˵βãоһ֪Ҫ˭
ȴ֪ˡ
С, , ֪װĻģȥ̽ץסֿҪ³ˡ
׳, ЦáԭСΪ㾡³֮㻨Һҡʷеģѹⶼ, Ϊ˸ʵ͹Ʒ, ֮ģСµĸݡ
οʱҴ̳ǻֳǣне̳ǡֺϹˣСãȻ, ɵҡͷ
͸öˡúʱسȥˣҲ, Դڿʼ˼һƪˡ
С븱ǣڸղŵĻ, ʣʲô£
Ϊʺ¡
С鼸ΪˣѵǴ, дл
ȼˣҲźôǰ
ڿһˡ
Сܵд괵Լҹº󣬹, ֱȥ̨ԼҪˡ
Ҳ³̨Ҳûʶμҡ
СҰοţʼ𸹸
ѾĻˡʱûó̳ǣҲó³
ͻȻð˲١
³ġ
ȥȻװŲ֪飬ϿΣʶ̨ټҡֱ죬ϵһ룬ͻȻ˵˻ң޵ҧгݡ
ˣЦˡ
û̫̰̫Ҫֱ񲻳ôôҪ
ȻҪǮȻԻʺ֮λΪѵʺλǻҪ˭͸˭𣿣
Уʺ֮λ죬ǸʵһǳҪ羴ݷġ˵ֻѾҳˣ泼ɱ
ʣ֮¸ô죿
ô죿
ѻҵĲ֮ٹ˹֮
ôû˵̻Ļ
ԼӦ⡣ҪôƣϾһӵҾҾʵ۸ûģǻ칫ǻˣ͸ˣ㣬ǼŴ
һ룬ͽһʵۣý̫Զʵǰɣ
Ϳʼ˵ʵۡҲһ֣С͵ġ
е㼵ˡһʲôϽ̸Ӱ
ž̫ܵ˲ûɲŵġ
ʵûʲô˵ģǰҲûʲô˵ģүү˻Ҳûʲô˵ģүүе㹦˵ˡ
үүڣŵʱеִڡ
Ϊеﳼˡ
ڵôŲǵĳӣǵү
λʮ꣬ʮŻʮûǵ̫
λʱѾǴﵽ˱׼ġ
ⲻʮ֣˻
֣ӵʱļпӦһǴһǸɺ
ֺֻ֣Ҫ룬ǽе˻ˡ
ԽأҪԽʢǹ
ʢζŻǮҪ룬Ҫ˰ǮȥˣɺˣҸҪǮ˰
ǲֵĵؽȥģˣ˵Ҫ
ԵʱҪ֮⣬ֵĵطҲҪԼҪ˽
ȥģֵĵط͸ˣҲˡ
δֹڼˣˣԺ󲻻ˣͷ֣ô£ء

ڷǮˣҲְձˣֵصˣʳˣȻ˰ǲˡôأ
Ǿٻɡ
ʡԼĳ購İԼǲʡġ
˿ùΨһǮ̫ľǸ󽫾ˡҪþ
Ȼڵĺ뱲ӾһֱŬѳнɵֱһֱڸ
һʵۣŬһ£ܲʧܡοƻȽף볷ʡıֲҪսĽܼ򵥵ġ
ĵһоǰְĳĹ١ڵĺڣְܶλ˰İģϰҲڣְܶһߵģֻҪʲôҪĹٵĻĹ٣Ҫ̣ˡ
ڶоְְǽָһȻȥɴĻľͲˣ취еı˻ֱӷˡ
һҲˣεģһ٣Ǵʵѧġ
ӵľһҵĳ͢
Ӳںֻǵšһӵľ̳ͳšŸɡ
ǲŮͰѸŮܸʺа塣
ʵ۾ǳĵˡ
ġǿûλʱǶȨ
ư뱲ӣ뱲ӷԼΪӱǸȥˣŮ£޳ȥŮ֮ǿȨգʼиԸˣ˶еˣлʵվҡ죬ǳв˵Դ
ʵӣĵܵܣҲȵ۵ĳ͢һʵ۵ϲŭ޳еսսĳ͢
ȵ̫磬һӦҲںӵĶС
󣬷̨ĴڿɿˣǣͿʼˣϾܿʵ۵ҵ̶ǳһ˵ģӦ˵ǵĵӶ񣬿סʵ۵ڣȰѻʵ۸ˣ͸ˡ
潲ϣ춼ˣŶΪʲôѡʵ۵Ĺ¡
ѾʼˣԵú㣬ҵĳӲ
棺ңʵ빫ǴǵĹϵ𣿡
ЦһЦҲԡ
ΪյĻʵ۲үүүүٽ軨ôɡΪʵڵĻʵۣҲŻ޼ɵ
Ϊû˹
ָ˵֮ܽлȴе̫ˡ
ڽʲôԲζԼһζر͸֮󣬷ǳԣ֮ǰȻû뵽
ܲˡ
ǹԻҿӦԣʽ
ڵţûأ³ҪǮа취Ը𣿽ֻЦЦϸ
֪˶Բߡ֪ôԻˡ
Լ룡
ûףѾ˵˻³̵ŵ¡
׸ģΪ˵Щ£ֺðޣü̶ȥˡ
棺ȥһҸʲô
׸ȻҰ
ҲҪ˾ȥôĹϵ
ҡ
ˣȥǧǴӦ˰ɣ
³̵ţ
³̲³³ǲҪҰ³ϻʺıҪ׬Ǯġ
ûǮ
ûϵñĶҲа
ҪʳʲôʳǶܸҪʲôУͭŮͯʲôҪʲô»ɽ׵ضаʳǶҪ
Ҫʲô
ǷסˣֵأڿӣôͶˣͲһһоˡ
ҿˣһƬûгǣҲûɽһƬĵأǰдׯûˡ׸Ƕа
ǧҪǿظʲô֪𣿡ܸʲôǻܰѵرܰʲô£ʱһѻ˾С
ǡ
ָŵͼϵһ˵һؿΧ޴һƬ̹;
պ󽫾ˣͣפЪá˵ٿɲʮ򵽶ʮ
ֱȡ̨Ҳʮ·̶ѡ


526 λ
³ǻҵ, ȻƼˣȻһգҰѼ³һٺ칫˵Ѿ̸ˡ
Բݸ˿
Ȼ֪ϧ޲, ֪Ҹ³н, סҡ
칫ſģ౻³ȥһ, Է̨ûʲôӰ죬Ǻ, Ӧøˡ
ֻľսŰ, Ⱦ칫ڿЦΪ⻰칫˵ĸ
ңᱻ³һСŮӸȥ
³ƻҸʲôأ뵱ʺ, ֲ
칫칫ȴ˵ˣԼ롣
ʱ, һæµʱ֮һ, ˡ
, ̨δӦ˵һһСһǼ棬һǼ졣
ǰ, ںһʮһ£һǶ¡
ǲʡġ
ͽ֪ģһʵۼλ󣬷̨ļһһʢƺ취ֲʵ۲ܼˡ˵áʢļ丧ο˲ˣ˸оĶء
Ǻǡ
ΪʱҲҪϯġѾʼˣʱվҪʲôһһ˵
䵱ȻǷǳҪġ̨µĴССᵽرͷͷԣ칫һģʱҲеģȥ
ÿĹվλãһᳳܵģڿʼһֱС
н˵һᣬĿľǸģǵĹһܺã
Ϊᣬ˶ҪﵱڡʵһȻֵҲӰ죬ˡǶеһǣ

뵽ǻΪһ꣬ͽۡҲǲǵˡ뿴̨úܣĲιΣ䲻ܿжٱ˵µĵҲջǷǸʲô
Ծͱˣ£ȫڷ̫ƽ
칫ĵеĿǰҶڷԼԼҵһ̶ȣһ򼸸ҰļһҵģĿǰп϶ҰļˣֻǶڹ˭һǹ
칫治ұۡǰųۣ̋ƽűƣһ̱ɻս
ô£αҪ칫죿ھͿˡ
˼뵱գĳˣ֮Ҳһݳ
Щ˿ˡ
Ͱ³ʱһתͷһָָ
ȻӲ٣㳡ϻԵƵ¡
վŵ˵Ҳһ£зĹ֮⣬л˵Щȫǻҵˡ
ŶҲҫۣҲ󣬼䡣
ɨһȦǲӻͰ̨סΪǿվ̨ϵģȵµĹվĶߡվԶɨһȦΧĻһһˣǰҼŲһǧˣ
ǲе٣վ濴ǰˣվͻᷢʵվúϡࡣ̺ĹŮҲȥܲһ߰ǧࡣ
ʱǧšǳģһֽ¹ĳ嶯
ûȥͷͿΧȫˡ󣬱Ѿˣְˡ
ЦһЦ
Ҳǻʵۡ
ʵ۵ĳݴӷ̨ʻˣǰһٵӣŮˣпĹԱӦǻʵߵֵһˣл
ѵʵҪˣ
ͷһμʵۣ档ӿʼڣܶʵ۵£ѾĦ˻ʵ۵󣬾Ŀģ쾹Ȼܼ
ʵ۵ĳ˸ȦӣԶƵٴӿʻǰ棬ʱǻʵ³ˡ
ĹԱʱ̧ͷվŵĽͰſˡ
ʵ۳ݵˣݵĹԱѾȳƵģ㲻ŭʣ󵨣ڴˣǴ
µ˷׷̧ͷŵĽͰͷ
칫ſһĻһվߵԺͰ׸ϵʹˣӭʵʱԻӷ̡
Χ칫һ칫Ҳýֻ࣬÷׷ٳ𴦵ɫ˭һðͷ
ûðͷ
˹ȻðʥݣЩҳûһ˵ģʵۼǰСҲֻ˵һͲˡ
ͽˡ
ǲЦӯӯĿŻʵ۵ĳݡߣ涼Ӻͳ͸ɴܿиţͻС߸׳׳ģܴһ顣
ﻹ̺ͷ˵ҡͷϡ
ι죬еġϵƤãվվʾһߴ̴ӹŷ硣
Ц߹ߴס˰
µˡ
סˣ칫￴칫۾úʵڣԺͰ׸ֻһķ̣Ҳ̧ͷ
Ѿڡ
̫˰ɡ
³ǡ
ҵԼݼйܻĿԣ
̲סˣվ칫ֹˣҧͷҲϿˡ
һֻе㡰ġġʵʲô˺ˡֻû˸ȥ£ȥ룬ȥʡ
ڣ³çײƺƻʵ۳һ
Ǹſϡˣ
Ҷ죬ͷȻʵ۳һ³
ǲСһСҴҴʻͣ£泵ĹŮӣŮһǴæģϵ·û֣ͨͨء
òȴԽڳۡ
ܸоʱϰһӡȫʧˣһԶûУֻз
˳ȴ̨ףԼ첽ǰȹ£˵Լ
Цɡôûڹﻹ𣿡
˵лҲʱ˼˲٣ϵðˣɫҲöãЩ԰ס
˵˵˲ͬǱµĽ㣬˲ܽȴܽġ˵գŽɡ
ЦһЦ˵ĿУʩʩȻ˼ʵ۵ĹС
Լ˵⣬̹ҿҲˡ
˶ˣҲµͷʵ۲ŴӳгҲ˽ȥ
£Ȼʵۼ뿪ⳡ
һӹؾ˵ĳζɨĻɾеɣܿóǺܾµġ
ȥ󣬾ͱ̺͵˺֮еĳ
øƯͷĵģмһİɫġ
ľͨĹмϣֽнһҴȥһһϡȻˣҲøڿĸͷ
ûзϣ߹ȥڳߡ
ʱŭŭĿһۣƢߣǲ٣
ʱĶӦڷŻʵۼ룬ʵǱһƪģ꣬ҲͼˣʵԼ뷢ҲС
Ǳ߱ĵĺҲˣʵԼû
һûʵء
һۣڻʱ򡣡
ᵽҵ²ЦһЦͷϴ
ϲ棬Ҳ㡣㵱˻ʺͲܳȥˣҲֻˡ
ͦ
Լʲô˵֪ҶӺͲôˣŻûޣɡ
ң
ŮߵĸĸôŮ˵
Լ̻ʵۺ𣿻ʵϲ𣿡
Цˣĵİοģʵ۲ϲʲô֪ͷſİɣ˻ʺôܻʵۣ
ʵƢôãҵ£˵𣿡
ʱһü˵ǰ̫ˣ˻ʺҪЩ
ԽԽ˼мϲˣܴ𣿡
ûĺһ˵Ĵˣ
ǹȻС˰ɣ
Цʲôʱ򵱻ʺ󣿡
ٵȵȰɣЩ˻ûټء
⻰˵겻ã³ʹСһƪ£ԼҵĹ¸춯أ뵱ʺ󡣷̨ΪʲôҼҹʺһҪ緢Ҽҹ֮ѡҼҹʺɣ
̨µ˶ˡмСĻȣ˰
Сƪº͡ˣϼˡ
ҲȻƪȥ칫ˣ칫ɿΪʺ󲻣
칫
Ī칫ѡ
칫ܾ˵˭Ǻ˭
칫Ϊβټأľǰơ
칫ù򿪣ȥǡ̫̫̫ˡ
̾˿ƪĸˡ
ӹ̲סɫһͳȥˡ
ǣ̶СԴ֮칫Ŵˡ
ҸŴˡ
ëҸŴˡ
˶Ŵˡ
ּˣѡ³Ϊ
ˡ
칫
ëѣ
ô£
С飺Ȼˣ


527 Ҫ
³ʱҲѩ, Ѿкüû¹ôѩˣ˵ˮӶˣͨ˶ˡ
ʾ޵¡
Ļ֪Ӻζûľʹõǡ
ļ, Ц, §סɵİ檣ιơ
ҹ룬¸ͥԺȴǵƺ, ĴѩҲûϵȥԾɺȾƳ, ͸衣

һǹԼҵơᣬȻ˸һ, ಻ȴˣ, ˵ǹء
һֻͣԼȣ߼Ѽ, ʣµľͰ˿
һϸ´µơӴ, ƻػͶڳ, Ҳǻػؿ佱
һʱϣǶĴǳȥ˳ҡ
ھ, еȴѡ
ջҪ𣿡һ˲˾ֻǴһֵô˾ˣƫƫҪʲôûʲôĹ£ƷУһΪ˳ƵǻҪȥ䡣
˺ȵĲ࣬ղϯһֱڸ輿Ļ˲پƣȶԣ˾ͺȵеˣ⻰̵ؼ˵ˡ
˵󽫾ڣһνģխʱأһһʣֻˡ԰̾һ
ǰùã󽫾ã˶ֳˣֳǵҲŻȻжã
Сˣ˷õԼ
˲ţ߶ӢţĻ˵սЩֻӢţҲ˲ˣЩʵǴεġ
˵Ƕ˵ǹεģǽĿڣǲŵġһŮӣƽʱֻϲ꣬Ļǣ̾ղŵ˶࣬ŵ١ǰҲšɹ˶ãһ궼ûֳʲôˣ
˳Ĭˡ
ǰֳһڳɳ꣬һ֮Ҳ˳ڴԸãԸɳõϼ꣬Щ֮һûˣֳǡ³øá
ڵֳȴý˿־壬
ÿմ򣬵ϲŭ
ÿ£нһѾûκθı䣬һжվɣվɣվɡ
󽫾˹͵˷ǣҲṳֳ̂ǡ
˷·ˡ
ֳǵƺǨơ
֮ǰ˵ǶԵģǱͲֳǣء
û֮е㲻ˣóʮκԡ֣Ķֻȥķ
ֹ˺ڹǰȥǰ£ҲΪһЩʵ񣬾˵Ϊˮؽֳʮ˶ϰٱ
Ǻ˱ϵĴûͣͷȻž޴ìƱֱ󽫾˵ˣûдˡ
ȥǾͻֳǸˡ
û˻һ¡д󽫾бպĻ
ԣһɽġÿ˶ô롣
˲˵ˣշѩ֨֨ģȥ
̨ϸЩ
ںڽºţϲΪһʼסĵطûн֮Ͳסºˣ
캮зһֻйζƮõǡ
ŵֻĸˣ֣
Լţкˡ
Ե㣬Ե㣬õĲԾ˷ˡ˵һ߰ļ֣
֣ͷ˵Բˡ
˵̣⣬Ȼơ
֣˵ҳƤһ߰ѽЮϵƤҧӻȥ
óԵĸˡһ߰Ю
뽪ܺÿ˵Ҳȣ֭
ڣͷ𶹽ȣⶹǱģõĶŵһͽ˱ΪˬڣڵĶʳˡ
̾ĶԹ֮ǲ׵ˡ
𽪼ֵϯ϶ʱû˵
֣ͷԣĬĬᣬ֪ڷ̨ûгԵġû۸ء֣³ǽ㰮ϧڻʲô治˵͸мʹ
Ե÷û˱뿪ʲôˣҲ˽ΪʲôҪߡ
Ϊ³̫СΪ
ѾˣΪ˱
ֱһ㣬㲻ɱ
ڽǰûһ֮һһµĴδĶأ˺ӣ԰λĺӣͽ㶼뿪Ժ߻ǻһġ
ѾԤˡùĻ˵ˡ
ҪߣΪ˸λӡ
ܣҲǴţҲֻһ
ǲǲΪС
³̫Сװһֻ
͸ھ֮ϡ
ЦŶ˵ǾҽЩиҪҵĹ٣֮ã̾׷湫ȥˣ
ȷʵùԴӽߺͱòѱ
в࣬ǰʿغˣֻҪһ£ǾͻѵڹಱϣֻѱΪֹ
ɹ˵仰ûаʿǽг
Ц˵ǹڴˣΪΣɬ˵˳ɱᣬΪҲͬĻȲϽ㣬ǹԸ̽㣬ϷǶԵ
ЦһЦȥˣ뿪ǰ˵ģСҶԶǧ֮⣬ȡͷҲ׾٣Գ䲻ȴᷴ㾡ɷʩΪǹıƣһʱ죬˺ȥУϣ£µ˶ˣǶΪ˱㻹кοɾ壿
ûôԼܸɣýġ
Լһȥ˷̨
ɣԸȥ̨ͻȻ
ĶˣӦȴֻǺЦҡͷ³ôأû¡д磬й࣬ҲаǡοѾ⣬ȹʱͰѽٰѶ˿лڣֳҪҶ˿Ҫҽ¾Ϳ԰ˡ
ҡͷ˸ȻϴֻǴշųӣǾӻСˣֻҪ£һһ⾴ҳ
Ҳ˵ֲҪżáĲȣҪʩοӣȻԾġ
֣Ҳ˵Ҳи⣬㲻ѡȡŮѡǣǰ£Ҳ֧ˡ
Ц֣֣صΪ˴Ĵҵ檲
ҡͷ²ϲЩŮˣѡҲҪˡ쿪ᣬͽж˿ͽɡ
գһģ̨ǰͣˣʧĶ˿ֵգҲ֮ǰ²Ľ
ϣ
Ҫûֻһȡ
˿ƣˣһ㣬ĵûУ
˿ǰôʱȴˣԶʧȥ˴ΡѾˡ
Цͺãպ½һ˿ġ
˿Ӧº󣬾˴࣬ɴȴҲûи˵ֻƵƵ¾ʳʾҡ
пɬһǺڰ
һȺеĽڣͽһ˴ĿеİӡҪ»ôΣͲƴǣֻܵӣһԴġ
̨
ҹ˷ʺʥּҵŮǺϲˣ˶˵͸Ҫʲôʱһȣ±ˣҲҪƬ̣ܽ˿
ЦӦ¡
칫ӼһֱţëϹһţȴûֻȥ칫ͶС顣
СͲ칫ôһֱˣѾáˣԺ͵סӿ˳ݷġ
˵꣬Ҫȥְ
С龪㤵Ǻְ
˵Ҳ֪ԼҪ㵱һϵְС
Сæǫ˵Լ޵ܣʵڲܵʵ۵Ĺ٣ĹٶûأвС
Ц˵һҪȥġŻǲˣҲҪȥ
С鱻ŵҲҲˡ
ûƭС飬ڸ桢׸Сһʲô١
ҪϵҪ£΢ĩСҲ޷
ûϻʺȰѶСƳȥٲʡ
Ҷóȥһʺ֮λˣܼһ𣿡ܲܽʲôòŰ
ͷе㲻̫ԣһʱ벻ͨ
׸絹ʵС٣ɡ
ĩСˡһŶгض飬Ĺٻ٣ʵۻǴة࣬õ顣
ϵ˾˾ա˾ͽ飬˾飬ǵЩϵʱں渺򣬶˾һ̧ȥ˾ʵʱǰ˵ģȥʵ۲⣬˵̫򵥣ǻҪһʵۺʹֳ޸ˣǾҪ¼޸ġ
лʵԼĵ飬ֽ¼¡ʵʲôҪʵļ
и飬ʵۻ˵ʲôʱһʱ벻һʱҪǰ¼ͽиַҡ
ġĵȷֱ𡣷һûɵûԸɵļСְ
᲻еСˣãȻԸġšôСһ٣ǲ˭۸׸ĵǲٰɰȫվ³Ǳȥˣ
Ȼһʰޣ棬ʲôʣ˵Ҳײģиģ鳤ʷͽжδ
׸ԱСѣֳʷǹҵġ淴ֵĿһۣǾͰ򵥰ԼҪȥǸȻ͸취
׸磺
ѾЦʰ׸磺ǲǡе鷳׸ϵ鷳
ǣʷʱԻˡǣұټ³ʹС顣
ȥ̨˵һЦ˵˵£ԺС²ˡ
Ц۸ûУЦĻᱻ۸ǰѧĶΪ˷̳Ůˣʩһֶ׾١е㻳ǰء


528 ί
СϾ͵ôʷ֮λ, л֣̿
ĵϳʵ۽Ź¼ٺ顢¼¡ǡʡȣڷǽġдֵĩСȫĹϽ¡
С٣ȴʵȨ
Се㴭ͷĿѣ
ǡôڷ̨, ָġ
Сæ, Զ˲裬˼ָһ
Ծһĵĸ˵ˣԽ˵, СԽ
鳤ʷǲС, ȴϵôʹóҲΪʱ׼棬ýżʱС, ӵܲʵ۳ʷź
ˣӶˣþ˰, Ҳø˻
ȶСΪʲôʷϵҲֱӸˡȵĩڣѾʮûˡҲ˵, ʮûйԱϳˡ, ʷ, Ǹ
˵꣬С鶮ˣˡ
ҲΪʲô³һҪҪֵԭ, ѡ
СдʯˡȻҪϵ̨µĹһ£ġ˶ϲȫѵʷ˵߻Ҫٴһӣʱʱԣ
ͿЦˡ
ܲȥЦĹ٣ȥˣСķǳǳˣ
˵Ҫʵ۳ʷ˻ˣ
³ȥ룡
˿ˡ
Сһװѡԥһ룬ʰ룬һ׳ȥˡ
𣿹ⶫҪֳɵģġ
СæͷѾˡ
ͷȥ̨ɡ
Сɴ˫Ŀȥʲô
ЦǳʷȻȥ幬ˡ
̨̩ƽ
幬ǰղعе伮ĵطȻǹγʷܵġ
γʷѧһ㣺ȥ幬
ѵλʥּҳ¼ҿ
γʷϥһˣɸ
ʱŷߵĸߴѾΧˡ
ЩˣΪˣȴ죬ۼЩ׷湫һ·̨·Х̧һϵķ㣬ϵޡ
˹Ļ˵İ죬ǲô߳ȥġ
ڿ־֮£Ȼˣͷǰδеѡ
ֱԽ˵Ե
Ȼڶȥ˹幬󣬾Ͱѳ¼ʥּˡȫϡ
ӵļдϸ£Цáðɣ͵ʵʥּȷʵе㾪㤡
̸̨ܽʷʵ볼ཻ¼ȴܰÿһʥּҲ֪׸Ҳ֪
֪Ŀǰ̨ʵֲͼʥּ׿ġ
СҲһֲĳȷʵ֪Ҫʲôڣּּˣйְƺ⼸ҪأԻһޱķ̨Ǩͼ
ͼϿ칫ǵһ
ͷȻ
зЦĵλǱ͹ģ칫ԼȥõģΪСʵ۵ĵһʥּһ־칫칫ة࣬һΣǵμңѳˡ࣬Ӧ칫λӵģʵϾһҶ
ʥּּľˣּëѡ
ڿһǱΪˡ
ëѵʱȻֻǵֵնѰȴѾ˾գ˭ڱ֧һĿȻ
칫Լ̨һȥ
󿴣칫ּվ˳ɣֱǰŽ˳ʷּ̨˻ëѡ
Ǻǡ
ʥּг˹Ա֮⣬мȴ£칫ҲǰռסλãûڣҲǰλϡ³¯ļʥּУڵλǰλУнһλӡ˰ĩβҵԼֻǿ׺ʥּβ͵ĵطԴĸо
ȴλӵڶ
һȻپ̫ξ

Ǹʲô٣
³ûУͰ׸綼ûᡣ
ȼ£ǰȻҲǷ̨ңʱͰ׸ƺܿһңиӡȴ̡
ռҪҵĶͷͰЩ³ˡ
ռһֱԣҲһֱûǰǰУ칫ּĶ࣬ȻֻһǵģʣµĶ֣Щ֪ʲôˣҲʧˣֻȻֵ˵ļ£λȲѾ칫Ĵѹȵռ˵ڶλϣļ칫ʽУȻλ˵һּּҲգһռӵܡ
ǣҲûʲôλáͷβңֻǧû̯ϹּּĺòһûУĶӣջҲûһ١۾Ϲ˲ҵһһڳ͢ǸʲôʱٱʲôʱȣʲôʱűӣԼʵۺʲôƣ;ʱӽӾƵֹصġĩС١֡
ٹëѹܣλë֮µµ¡
Իǧܲޣַ
ַ̨ƽ⣬䲻ͳҲֲ˷̨£ΪλĴҲܷΪҪҳ͢ҪǮԼ˵ġ
͢ӦÿҲ˳ۣԼҲû취ͳһһ˽ӹܻеı칫һֱûҵԭ򣬲Ƕˣɵ˻ңܳоȨ˿мҲʮмʮʱȨɢңֻ̨ӽͷö綼ڻҪñʱ򣬸ɵһˡ
͢ĸΪ칫һռһһмȲ칫ģҲԸռҵģǻҲΪİ
̨ûһ̫ˡ
ܱˣйڷ̨ͼҲˡ
칫Ϊףռҽ󣬵칫ռһû취
ռҵڶ̫£²࣬Ȼ̫ξתĵĹְȻ̫ξǿ϶ȾָȨģ
ҵбƣܴûȥҲܳ͢£
ǣңͷǴ
ּң÷ҲǴ
μңҲǴ
»ͽ·룬⼸Ӧ÷ֱ칫ռҵˡ
֮⣬ԻþöƵҡ
Ȼ򣬾ȻһٵְλҪ̣ȴְڡÿҪȥУȥɱ
룬öСȥһҡ
סڳ⣬˵ˣȴСŰݷã¶ַˡ
ڹǣزҺҲûڹӡòҲܲ
纣⻻·ӭӣȶС黹Сϼ꣬ȶСʮꡣ
СȻ֮ɫѾˡ纣һмֶʡ
˼֮󣬻ʺ˵˼û˼ĻСּҺ󱲣˷˼˵ˡ
Сȥʶռˡ
纣̾Ͷˣǹ˼ʶռˣȴ鲻᲻öС³ʷˡ
һܻ·纣ҲԸȥ
ֻһҪ
С˵ΪΣڹҲ湫Ч
纣ЦӵУΨһã˲ǷͰѡ
СŶˣӵһˡ
Ҫȥʹܴ㡣
纣еҵҹΪЧʲô
Сѧһ飬ҪǣҲǾ纣Ļ죬˸˸飬ǰ̽ǡ͸ڷ硱湫˵µһȵ£ǰ󿴱ģǵǶӣ꣬ϣһûµġĻȻˣȴҪ֤ûƭǡ
С飺
ֻĹˡ
ȴ˵纣ȥˣﻹ纣ء
СֻٻһˣЦŶ纣˵㡣
纣ҲǿЦ
С˵ĲУȥ
纣ҡͷҲûĶ˵ĵزɡ˹Ļֻӿһ񡭡Ҳоˡ


529 ٴ빬
칫ȻƲ, СӹǺġ
ÿվϼɰļӵܣ顢壬żʫҲϷһ, ²˵, ²еСʱż³ĻһҲȤζ
糿, 칫𴲣˵Ҫ
Ҿһ
ȻκҲס, ¶ûκϡ
칫̵ʣ׸أ˵һȥģڻûء
Ǹĵʲô
˵ﻹڸʷء
Ķˣ
ʷǶһƪһƪ, ｲҲ˳ˡҼϻʹ˵սǰͷλ
ʵۼҵĹ£
칫Űģϴ÷רȹˡ
Ȼ, ˡ
̫͸ϲˣ̤ų߽ʱ, ںڵ㷢, һ˫⶯˵۾, һϲ
ܵĶ칫˵ڷȤ档
칫ҲͯĵʲôҲ̨˶ʲô, ̽ңҲҵ˹ﲻᱻȡЦ
Ȼ칫˷̨Ҳ˸ȡЦӦµģȻô˵ˣ칫档
Ҫ˵棬칫ҲǺĵõġʱڼҾ͸㣬г࿴ֵǲ£ֻҪɾͶл漼ɣ޲졣
ǾͳմŽ
ӵҲ飬һȺˣ칫ࣿ칫ǴҪ𽪼˵һӾͳԽȥҲҪĸˣӦ¡
Ҳ汻ò춼칫浽ߡ
칫ȰȣʮˣһֱûĿģֱҴҶСȥ˳һ˼ңҲ³ˣǰģ³͵̨ġ
Сȥ˼κҵ˾ͽˡǰ˰ݷռҡ
칫ˡ
ڷŭҵȴ³޲ģôҵռȥ
칫ûȥ̶ӣѶӸߣֻңҲռҡ
ȥҵ鷳ءռãʲôһûи׵ļѡҲý³ǵһֻ֣͸öˡ
칫һƣûѰ׸鳭ˣа׸а׸빫а׸ȥ
ȵĿ칫·ȡٷȡƵĺͷȻĴһ׸ˣ칫һַŰ׸磬԰׸˵첻سˣ
׸û۵ģͷ濴ĸùһ۾æͷȥ칫첽ˡ
ˣľʱù緹ѡҪ·Ͱһһֻ֣Ⱦָףǰһ˵֬ױ档
ЦһԾѣü䣬³ˣҲвŮ˰ġ
촽΢΢ūū֬
׸칫ʱͿһߴʵˣ۾
һӶɳˣ칫ºݺײһ£ʹ̾ͻˡ
칫ЦеĹûݣǰǸߴˣѡЬӣĶˡЩе룬еȴܿɫĺӣȳ񱳣òӢ䣬ǲ
Ķ𣿰׸ѾܲﵽЩ˵Ŀȥˣϧܰ
뵽ġ񡱣Ǽٵô

˵ָڽ촽࣬֬ȵȥһ촽Ҳ񻨰һȾ˺ÿĺɫ
칫Ц֬ã֪Ǻƣ
ЦǸ³ˣơ
׸磺
˼ҸƵĻ࣬ôУ
ƽŮУŮǲһ
ʲôµﶼģʲôĻ˵û⡣
˷Լʡ
ھѾý³ҹȾô˵
칫Ͱ׸Ƚױϣ칫ʽʱҪط̨Ҷһͣ칫ˡ
칫ۣôأҰͲùնءǹӦסڷ̨Ŷء
׸Ҳ԰ֻйܵʺء
˭֪ͻȻüëһҲʺ󣡡
칫һ׸Ϊ˵;ְġȰ˵
˭䵱ʺأƷ¸УŮʵѡ˹ûбƥλˡ
ɲܰ׸ôȰǹҶǲϵʺ
Σ칫Ͱ׸ֻˡ
׸ôᣬ׸ÿ쳭ġųõ칫칫
³ϵռңΪʲôֹ
칫ҲҪұ˿һ˼·ʰ׸磬׸˵ֻٶ
϶Ӳ⡣׸ôµģҲȱڵģǾˡȻڿŮСͰĽɫҲġ浱˻ʺٱ˷ǰĳ¾ͻˣûϺλǰôУϺλˣ˼ˡ
ýһϣܰϵ覴ϴɾٵʺ
仰˵ҪҸĿ
ҲѰ׸ѾȥʦֵдˣȻ󵽸Ļȥһ֮
ȻڴѾ³ʧȥȤˣϾѾ˿ĸˣҲûһˡĻһֱǳĿߣǺٶһôȤһֱģ˿ʼ׼һ³ǵǸȤ
׸׼һȥһֿ䣬Ⱥһʱˡ
칫ֱ׸µòԣҲȥˣ³һҪҲ³ԸԼɣû
ͽһ£ϵռң˵ʲô
׹˼ǣΪ˾ң󵨣
칫ҪˣòֱȲϴ侲һ¡
ΪûʲôΪһ£⹫ʲô˼
Ϳ칫ȥ룺ʲô£ȥֱֲԡ
׵Ҳû취ֻøһ¡
ʲôռҲأ
˵òǹȻ˰ɣ
칫ҡͷȻ̫СһһҪȨſϻʺء
˵ʵʺλʵûôҪڷ̨³Ҹ³˼ҶԱվſЦ
ʺҪ
̫ˣ̫ӳˣҲҪȻʵû˲̫Ӳð
ڴ֮ǰ̫Ӷûʲôãοһʺ
Ŷûϻʺء
Ҹ³ϹڣںܶǸЦ˶˵칫ϣڲ칫ˣȴûһõģö࣬ҲûõģۿѹһӵȻҪλ칫ˣˣʹ£עδĻʺϣָ³˻ʺ̫ӣҸء
ֹô룬Ҳô룬Լô롣
칫Ҳ̡ȷʵ㣬ڼ³еĴ㣬ΪǸԸעѾԹѵֵöһ
Ȼֵá
³ģڵĴ㡣
Թ칫ʹһˣŲܻʺ˭ء
³ҪȻҪ¹ˡ
°£ֻ˵һܣ᲻Ĳ뵱ʺ󣿡˵ˣһˣԸ޸ʵأ
ʵڵˡȻڶŮû̫Ҫ󣬵ŮӼǰҲǴɰһԺ󣬻أһɷ԰أ
³ǿ϶˵ģûС˭
³Ըˣʺ
ʵǸӡ
׸˵ģ³ӦҲˡ
칫˵ą̇̄ˡ뵱ʺ̨ʲô֣ͨ
³̨ضġ̨ܸĶɾǻʺ֮λˡ
˵ҾͲ²ˡ˵ǰ׸˵ģľ£
칫дһƪ³³
£̨ٴϯΪ˱ϻصġ⡱ĳһʼͱϯǰڻʵ֮µλϣº󣬻ʵ۵ĳݲ
ġǳƯķȻʵǰͷ£Ÿ¡
ʵڳúã˵ǳ͸ġΪ˾͹ǰȥϵĺڡ
⼸ʾˡ
ˡû̡ܹ
ǱʾģС˾ܴڹҲ׼ˡ
ϻƴǻʺ֮λҲе㼱ˣ˼ȥܾΪΪŲϽ
˵Сˣڹ￴˭а
˺ϻһ£ָ˸ȦƵ󡢾ɦ˹춼Ӷˡ
ϥϣʲô֣һɳƵūū⡣
⣿
¼󣬽˷̨ȴǲͰ³
Ϊųѣ֮֮
ǳܣߡ
Ķ˵ȥһ󽫾ڵΡǽѾ˹٣ͽд󽫾һˡ
Ӧô󽫾̨
Цԡ


530 
ص˹, ˴ѾµļҾ, µİ裬Ҫˡ
ΪʱĶˣһŮû, عҲȫǴѵġ, Ǹߴ׳Ĵ˧磬ʱĿⶼе㲻̫ͷ
Ůǿʵһ, κͿ
ȷųڹСˡ
׼һӵıѡ
׸Ըӽŵµûȥ, ûһŮ
糣, ׸ɫͺܾˡΪ֮ǰԼ档
ǰ̲סҪ, ǹջع, ȻǺæ, ȹ, 
ʧЦ, ͷӦ
ջط̨, ȷʵҪһɽͷ, һѡ
˵Ҳ, Լ볯
ǡãϣʱȥ, ȥ, ͼԼǳߵŮ
ڵǰ, ҲȷʵֻܵŮӣһҲ˼ҵ
ԹԼȴûʲôƢڳ齱ߣֺƣͦӡ
һͲǵһ ˡ
ȥʱպġ˹ûɱģȰѹ˶еǰֵ˸ӣȼ˳ʹһҲԵġ⡱ᡣ
ǰ࣬ǿޱȵӣ꣬ӢпģжģҲƯŮӵġݣӦоС
һȫˣȷ˸ۣٹˣҲȫ
ͻЩ˧磬ֻǰ̺Цеº˵һƼǾϲһҲ롣
һѵȻһˣƽʱҲùʲôҲ̫ˡ
ֻá̾һֻһֻһˣ˵˰ɣ
ߵУ
ϯŰȴԶ˵ҲϲڸǰԶԶĲźÿһ࿴ţʮŮŲʴתŤȷʵͦÿġԶ˾һýˣͳɸ˿ˡ
ͷ⻰ǡҲԶԶ˲źÿ˵һ˵һҵҲȥһʹˣǶ裡һһƣŮúÿö࣡
û裬ʵΪһУ׷ˡе١
˾Ͳٿ⿴˵ˣǾͿ
ĸߴ󣬿վм䣬Χ˵Ĳ˵ȥҽǣҪúһ㣬ɱҵ
ߵСһֻʮ꣬ѱ档
СкܹȥҴ˵ˣЦղ˿һÿЩ
ҲһֵȳͺˡָǱߵʵһ˵ˣǸ
ཪ£ʱ˵ǰиӣˣͲϲˣֻһƫꣿ
㣬ҲûʲôŵζӲëҲ١
Բ˵ͷʣ裬ǲãҡͷյߣС˵Ųءҵá
һ֪ӣʣ㵽̨ǲã¶Ȼˡˡ
ݣ˵ˣǿɡ
趯ŮӸҪռ䣬ȲúúǾ볯ˡ
õ棬ҪģĻúãúá
˲³ȥ£ಲ¶ġ
վܡ

һʼǼٵĹأǱŴ󲽣һһߣһչֱۣչᡣ
Ҫںȳ˺ˡ
ʱػӱ䣬°ݡ

תӼΪĻһԲת߾
ľˣһסؿڣһ˫۾ȫ񣬶ӵˡ
ǣʱʱ١ǴȥǵĿȱˣȴ°ݣ˺߽Щȴ뿪ֻѱӰ˿
ûϵǻŹ߹
ϣȫݷڵأͷʾȫͣԺ󣬵ֻǳصĴϢȫ㣬ɫ죬ϵ˷·ֵ
һĳֽЩȫȥˡ
žֻŮǵĸ衣
ðŻֻζһ󣬶Խ˵ܡǽüСˡ
ıӾͿȥˣһֱֺġٷԵһ룬ûĸˡ
Ҳ˳塢ҴҵĽЩӣ˳뿪
ڶ죬˵Щмˡ
ǰ̺³ˣһ߶ˮ̺ϴһЦϲŷˣһʶ˵֪֪ʲôʱߵġ
ҲЦҪҪȥһңЦǱȥˣҲˡ̺˶Ц
ϴ󣬳緹ʱ֡ϲļˣǷ𣬶ŭҾ֪ǶԸ̺ң
Ӿ͹ģߡϲǸſˣϥŹҪĽţһ߿ȴԲߣ˵ûߣ̺ϲ
³˾͹꣬ǸϵȥǶ£Ȼ䣬ЩվںУɪɪûһߵġ
ʵʵķһ硰𡱺Ű˶лȻҪ³ˡǿˣٶһĲǣ
³˾ͰЩ˶һֻһʳˮҲֻ÷ǳ㡱궼ҪϽػȥ١ˡ
̨֣ȻҲ֪ˡ
׸ٴν͸߽ҪЩϾŬϴףֳūߣŭϷ룬ʵǡ̫Ϻˡ
˵ϻʲô£ûŲء
׸Σûм
˵ʵĵһ˳һֱûˣȥҲϼ
׸˵֪ߵ˶𣿡ƽʱųҹ󸾡
˵ˣӴˡ
ţЧе̫ˡ
Чô졭
ǲûʲô飿
ѵǰҴûƼһˡ
ġʰ׸磬û˵ġ򡱣
׸ܿ϶˵ûһֱڷ̨ˣҲˣô򣿡

۵Ķءû뵽ѾΪŮûཻ
û޹ˣڷ̨ҲûˣԾͲˡ߼֡
ʣѵҾûԼ𣿱ϾôȨ˳Ҳ
׸˵һξ¡
ȵ۸յǻʱΪסڷ̨Ϊ󡣴ʱҲŷ֣ŶԭиûмءǾȵ۽飬ҸɷɡҲ򳤹Լдʫʲôġ
ȵ۾Ͱǰ߸ˣ߸ɱˡ
Ŷ
׸һ̯֣û˸ˡ
ȵ۹ˣʵۼλ󣬳и֮𡪡ʵ̫СȻʵ۲СˣҲֻʵ۵ˣû˵Ҫѳ޳ȥˡԼΪŶӦûеģô룬ҲֻͣһĽ׶Ρ
ҶԳ֣ᱻ칫Ϊ׵ҸǧС
ʵˣ㻹˵ʲôģǲǶɵһҶȥɡ
ιº󣬾Ͱȥˣʰ׸ʳ˵֮⣬б
׸ĵ»Ǹйء
һʥּ
һΣûо飬û˽Ȼ칫ëѶûͶ
ʥּôճˣ
ȻȺ칫һܣë˻໳ֻϴɺ󣬿ʼɱˡƫƫ˶ϳˣȻŮ죬ʱҲ˲ˣЩŮǻ˼Ҿһʡ
Ƕ֪顣
칫ͻɣʥּйء
벻ôһʥּʲô壿кô
⡰ĺ棬ʰ׸磺ʲôʥּ׸磺治㣿
˵˵ʲôҲźûһ£û˵°
׸ͷǴģŻ죿˵ֻһγǶ˵ʲô˵ʥּ㲻˵Լȥ顣ֳɵĶС飡
׸ֻ˵ˣҪꡣ
۾ǳ׵
ĲĹѰ׸ˡ
£ʵǺġһǻʵԼ꣬ǰͷʵ۵Ҳʵ۷ǳΪǰͷʵҲܵģҲȱǮһޣҲûġ
Ϊ㲻꣬סĻʵҲ
ѶСץȥһжٴȵ۵ꡣ
СʮŲ꣬˵ֻΡ
һǵݣѵݳһ޲ˣһǹǸɺǳ֣ʵۼ뼸ζûãͻ׵үүһޣýϵ׵үүʵ۱Тһ¡ҲȥˣҲˣΪһйãʵۻɹ˵ԺϼҲ˵ʱһ꣬˵ڱӡ
ϣڹڼ޴֣Ҳûּ⣬еû
׻Ǯ
ǡӡӡȫȥˡ
ӡӳ֣ʥֻּ϶Աʵ۲ȵҲһʵۣе̫ˣȫȥˡ
ʥֻּгһǹѾһˣе
Ҳ˵ĲּҪѹһҲҲʧȻǸ
ģ칫ȻʥּĴ˭Ҳ񣬾͵ŶͷҪǵɡ
Ҳܺѡ
޾ްɡ
Ǯͻɡ
ȥĹƷ˰ԣأϽȰǮˣβ˿˭ùɣʱûǮ˵
ˣ칫Ȼʹ죬Ҫס
ºڹЦÿġ
һ߳ˡ


531 Ȩ
׸, ûһûзϵĴ𰸡˵, Ҿùǲ֪ġ
칫ţͷһнֱʡ, ȷʵֻ֪Ϊ, ޹ء
ѽһˣֻ³Ϊ֪һд֮ˡ
ʰ׸磺, ⵱ȻûС׸Ϸأǲð޽
칫˵鹫ɡŮ, ӦġҾ͸ͼŮһͬ, ͽȥҲꡣ
׸粻Ը, û˵Ը, 칫ʲô
, ļ, 繫, ֻᱻǹʹ
칫˵ҪΪ˵һ˵˰¡
׸Ͷ, Ҫȥ޲, ȥ𽪼֮ġһֶζԸµĻʵ۵, ʵʲôçײº󣬴󳼾ͽһޣûʵζ, ֱָʵҪõöࡣȻ˳ӵ, ֱָʵ۲, ̫ˣ˵вŻʵɡ
׸Լɣ칫˵ȥʡʵСӣһڹǰСӡֻڻ䣬ʧ˱棻ȴг֮ġó֮Ĳȥ򶯹Ȼ׸潪˶£ȴûýϲ
Ϊˡ
׸ֻõڶͽ˷̨ˣûߣ빫˵ʱһ̺š
˵в˶˲ˮò㡣
׸Ϊ˻ޣ˵ֹһ٣µ湫١
֪Ƿ̨Ĵͳǳİãʱ̶ֹ輿̺ʲôʱˣ뿴ˣ˵һ̾Уõȵġ
ͦܵġ
ʱϲ֣¡
׸Ϊʦ˵ãҽ
׸ĲӶӶˣҲû취ͣϵ٣ֻŽȥˡ
ޡʧڵ֣ʹӣ
ǵ칫ķԸģ󣬲ͷѾ¡
˵ּҪ꣬𣿡
̾Ѿִˡ
ʵǷǳðʹһ¡
꣬һҪڶҪһ˰ֵص׳ڿʼҲڶ춼ˣʱ˰յֻ¾Ҫȥˡ
Ҫôأʡ
˰Ѿȥˣӷ̨Է״б
ǿ㡣
ÿʮ̨꣬øǱһ˿˶࣬ζųǴ󣬾ζ˰նࡣ
Ϊڷ̨ͷ˰
˰ΪʵǼ򵥣ԺܻӭŮʮͿʼ˰ˡŮӶʮǰޣΪٽ˰żҲཻ˰ŮӳһֱСд굽Ҫ˿ˣˡүҪˣͰŮӸϳţܡһ
ҲеĵطɱŮŮӾͲˣûϣżҲû֣ͷβһĳ֮ޣĳ֮ĸ֮⣬ûԼԴ˰ҲгЧ
̨ѾܾûôΧˣơʮǰԶ˿ͳϣҪȰ׳˰գľϡʯϡˣҪС
ʹѾ˳ǡ׸ΪϻѾȥ³ˣɵĲȻҲȥ칫ˡ
칫ҧһĶûóȥ
Ҳܡİ˶ʮǣ˵ʮǣһύ㹻׳㹻˰ֻ಻١
ǧһ˵¾칫Ȼˡÿĸ˰ֻô࣬ռȥˣõľҪˡ
Ҫء
Ǵ⣬ôܷŹ
칫Ȼվһˣ˵յ³Ѿռ˺ô֪ˡ£ǹ£һּۻۡȻǧ˵۸󣿲ʵ꣬ҪǮ칫սɢȥϢĺá
ȻȴϷԣУǧ˳ˣûˡ
ëǴͷβû£Ҳֲ廰ȻŭȥȰȻȰһվɡ
Ƿ׼ꡣ
ǧһ޹ڶաաÿ춼˳˭֮ҪǮҪǮҪǮҪӦõģøҵҲٰ֡
칫ÿ춼źܣȻҲԼҪڣǧûµˡ
죬ʹ˰Ĳ£ˣ˶Ҫ
ëҲˣȥ칫⡣
칫Ƭ̺˵ϾձǻҪֵġο޲޵ģֲҪͣ꣬Ҳûϵ
£ء
̤һ£̨¾Ͷ׼ˡ
׼˸ֳ߳־޴󣬳ԯߣǰҪа˾ƥĴ󳵡
ȥ˵ҪһȥĹŮҲر࣬Ѿ˿һˡ
ǴΣ׼ȥΡ
ɫð׸ˡû۾͵֪ʲô
̨֮칫̨֮ھǳ¡
ȵ۲ֹǰ˳˻͡
ǮܶǮ
Źû⡣ʵǳԼܣٻԼǮóһ𻨡ȵۼλҲûԼС¹򣬰Ǯ󣬻ûüȥһˡЩͶ˳
̨ԼĻģЩǳԼ˽С
ǶȵĹӣȵ̫ˣǻûüȵ۵Ķȵ۾ûˡֻǷ̨Ķ˼ңܸ칫Ტۡ
Щ˳ȵĻͥͶ칫µ֮⣬µĵǶһһųˡ
ϾǺܺźġ
ȴһ֡Ͷ칫µ˶ʣµ˾ֻʣ³ˡƽʱЩŮеҲסЩ塣ҲֹҵĽʡ
֮һЩֵ֧ġֻһҲܸ칫ȣԲԵƵ¡
׼ˣ˳˷̨칫˲֪Ϣ
֪ȥ̤ûϡ
ɳԺһ·ܳȥʮˣȻŴ˽ϵ׷ˡ
׷Ҳûá
һ仰Ҫȥ꣬Ҫȥۡ
ŮԵТĵ
иԵ׵ͼ̳׵ͳ׵ܵܣڸӱ𾢵ʱرзɡ
̫ξͬȥ˵
Ϊӣ˵Ҫȥݼȵ۵ɽˣ㻹ܲ㻹תͷȥһȥͲҪٵĹˡ
Ȼ˵ʲô
ֻܸˡ
ȻûŻȥҲۡһ˸ȥͷ˵ûųĴ칫ѵΪ֮𣿿϶ᰡ
õľ칫ˣôһȥꡣ
ȻȻһȥأ칫ɣа׸Ҳȥ¥ˣͽа׸ȥ׷
׸ˣҲͽκΣŻȥ⣬ʲôҲˡ
칫ֺŻǧ׷
ǧҲݽˡ
²칫ʹǧһù˻ָ࣬һȺ
ȷ̨µ˵Ժ󣬲Ҫɽϡ
һ£ʱŵɽꡣ
Ϊĳ̫ˡȻ¾͵ˡ
ɽ潨Ĳ۵ĹĹҶܻҪǵԱߵ
һһҲߡҲˣɽƽػĶġﶼǳ˭Ҳܿ
ߣûһߵˡ
ʱ̫ԣ
˵
ôأ
ŭ۵Ȼ
ȻŵסһӣôʣֱǧָѸٰѻǧ׳ˡ
ǧˣˣñܲʳǾñԲҪô˵ͻȥɢӡ
ٴҲ֪ܲҪܲҪͬʱҲףǻǧڱͷϴ
û˭͹ͷϴء
Ҳнµİ취ˡ
þʹ˽
ȥ̽ʱ˵û뵽Ȼ˸ҿּǸĽɱԺ͸Ҵ̨ˡ
Ҳе㺦£ʣɱ˭⣺һ˵ǧѱɱڻһĵķϣֻɱһˡ˻ˡȻԽл˴
ҡͷôУɱ˻ǧͲٰѱ˴
˵˶أǧôӣôֵܣǣǷŴҾͲǻһһ⡣ʱ֮ˣԸ̹ĺ
ˣô˼ƿСڻǧǰʱɱ˴ˣ״ȥ
ȻԺΪԼˣɱ˻ǧ
վͷЩΡ
˵ģʬѾͻˣȷʵǻǧ˵ֻּлǧһһˣģˡˡ
Ȼһ·ڣҪϽȥ
ҵı
ɵԺ˳˵ұԹ黨ͳ졣
Ǿ仰ҵֻлǧҵġ
̨ҡ
˴Ѿ˲϶ţԼʿȥ
칫ˣһѽŶ૵չʣҺǽԣ˿
ôУ
칫ĿȨֱֻʣ
˳ȨҪȨ
ҪҲҪռ
ҪȨԼϡ
Ȩ֮ӳȡ


532 
ɥʱǲŵġ
ôأ
ǧһȥİ, ǴŻȥġľӾǻǧˡ
ôأ
Ҫɱǧ, ôҲܻӳ
ǧȡ׼
ǧĹײģƿʹ, ѾεĻǧʱ, Ĺ£ͷһƬհס
ҷվãѾֳ˷̨, ǵϵ⻹вƽ, , ʢҵȺü֧ϵ
̨µĻҴִҲкüٿ, ݺͻ, һƬǻ, ܹ, סĶջġ
ǧĹײǷĳͻ, ǰл, һЩո׽, ͻǧ
ǺƺƵһ߽⸽, Ҿ֪ˡʱ׹ǰΧȫջģװ, С
Ĵ˺æ, СȰ, Ƚȥ˵
ӣвСˣ
ﾯ׵ʬڴˣҲİټ᲻ݣʱϷ˺ͷ棬ڴ˺ŵĻ֮¡ʹ֡ĺ͹ײһȥˡ
Ȼһأ˭Ըˡ
ǰֻʣԼˣڹײԵʹߣҲǳɥŵˣȹǰֻлڣѳĻ˵ˡ
ǰǧǱɱǰǳģ̾Ҫνɱˡ
ס
ӣѻ˵꣡
ǰСĻлҪ߹ӡҲǡƾ١ģСǳóˡµĶվˣһЦԷ
رڻңߵ˶Ҫ
˵һԣӣ˵ģǽ˶˵һҾѸٹϵˡ
ﱻһӾˣ֪ɱʹߡ
ο˴Ҳܵɭɭɱ
ǧˣ˭Ǽ̳ˣӦûʵģӡ
ҲǻĴ磬򷼡
ڣǻ
׵ֵ´ӣ׸ֵµȵģǲһġ
ǧһֱϲҲǼֵһ
ҲһС˼򷼲У˭̳лҡ
Ȼ
뻨ͬĸһġ˻˵㡣
Ȼ˼Ҳ˵ɱֶλͷұϾ佫ңҪġֻҪûûĿܾˡ
֡㡢桢ĿСο򷼺ܣþ⣬ɫΨ䡣
ðѻ򷼱ȥǺ׵ģǺܶģʱǺܳġ
׵ͻȻˡ
ûüԻʲôǽȥ̳˾ǻ򷼡Ѿûˡ
ڳѻֵݻصˡ
˿
仰˼̳л
øһ㣬Ի˵һҪǾ壬ʮҲҪأ
ʲôϵҪѡ̳ˣȻǴֵѡЩҲһţ
Լô룬˲ô롣
ǡԷܡơ򡢻ǽһڻǧĹײıͻҲ˵˳Ǿ仰
ﲻͬ϶б
ǶǻǧеĽȻеıҲ򣬵бͶ£֪ôô
һ㣬ǶϱȻЩСӸʺϴҵı
Ȼǵûһ˶̵ΣǺܿϵһ𣬼󣬾ͰѻǧıϷˡ
ֻǿͷϷ֣ҪһֻҪлǧµĻǾܵõұ
ҪɥµɰֵǺĸ׸۵һ
һ˶޵̧ͷǧĸ׺Ӷ޵׵ҡ
꣬˻ǧôġ
˵Ҳȷʵԩ
ˣԱǧġǧųӵıȥ
Ҳˣ۵Ĺʱ֪ƢǴ󣬿ƢҲֻڰ״ͷ˸ˣʵ۾ɱˡ
ǧһֱóԼûɱ˵ġ̽ôǲʾˣ
ǧҶûͨ·ȥģһѡĽҲǶģء򶷵ġ
ˣܶǰ³Ҿͷһͣͱ˴Դ
ĴԣӵȥλǧĽ׼ӭУûγҲ˴ӱɵˡ
һˣ˭ûôһգ۵Ĺڳǰɱˡ
Ļ˰㲻֪鰡ʬͻҲĸɸɾͷϴˣѪͷҲúõˣ·Ҳúúõģ˲һﶼûˡ
ʱڵ꣬ǳߵˣˣйŮй䡪ȻǶƷλԾߡ
˺ܿҲƽ˵ΪǧڵðȵۣնͷʬͻǴȥúðɡ
ҲǶ֮ˣڵٱǻҾȫҵԴˡ
Ҳܷѻǧʬ׺úýʹߡ
ʹ߻˱裬㲻ţοˣ˵֪ȵģ֪ûзĵģֻǻǧΪ˲ѱ˵ִԣûϵڵ껹Ҷȵۿڳ֮ɶ񣬷ɱɣɱοȵ֮顣
Ҫ˵ǧûôɡ
ǰʱΪ£ǧ˲ˣ̨ǵ˶֪ǧ꣬ΪûҪ
ȷʵǴ治
ĻʵûʲôţҲûʲôȥ滨ǧȻƾۣ翳ˡ
֮ǰڵǰʱǧҲ㲻尡Ҫ˵ջǧȥûһʱ嶯˵ʲô˵ġ
˭ұ֤
ġ
ǳŭɱˣҲ˵
ҪѾˣҽҪô죿
һĽ˵Ļǧĸ޶ˡ
˵ҪΪɱһ˵ҲѣҪϷ̨ȡʵ׼Ҳǰ첻
ɣĸȿڣ˻ĻתͷԻ޺͵µĻĶ˵֪ΪΪ𣬵ҪôˣһҾҪٲľˡ
ǧĶ࣬޲ôģֻէجģѰԼӶ˵ҪɱʵˣŶˣĸһڣͷԶԶԣô
򷼲˵ǳӣĸ뻨޶ڿ
ҲûⰡ
Ǹøױ𡣿ɱǳҲܾñӦãɱС
ҪôѸŸ׳ȥ˶ɱˣ
УǶǻҾ᲻ð
Ҫôأ
ڣͷ˼һ
µĻĶͻ㣬ֻܿˣԼҲǲڡ
滹ܵܣеĻ˵ǾͰѻʵɱˣʵۣ
Ŷ
˵ͷ̧ˡ
һͷã飬෴ҪܾҪƴǣҪʹļףţԣҪһֱˣպǻ˾Ͳˡ
ﶼ˼ˡ
ɼȷʵˡ
ĸ侲ٴ˵˲
Сһһôˣպȡ׼ߣſΪۡһһΪе⣬в͡ǣĵеùȫµˣ
һĳĻǶ˵ˡ
Ȼ֪˵ж٣˵ˣȷʵûһҸȫµΪеģһ붼ܰ
ĸ̾οıԶǡ˭ܰѻﲻֵ˸η˵ɡ
ɫһ
вֵˣ

ͬ԰ɥΪŵĻǵҪǧĻʱ֪ĸǺ⡣
򷼱ðеܲˣȡҪ֪ҸĻǺ
һֱǻҵһҪ֮ӣʱֵҴ֮ľӿɲӽҵȣҵȥԼӣ⡣󽫾ȥܽд󽫾ߵĲİ
ԴǿУ˶ݡ
򷼽ýҪɱ˻ǡ
֪ҸȥȾģɱ㣡ýҸĵߣ
ңǧײǰһƬս
ԺڻĸԣǵҾ֪֮˰Ķƣôǳóģ
ĸ˼Ƭ̣̾һڲ࣬˰
̨
ͽĻˡ
˵󳵣ŻĻ£ȻǧĹײĻĻҪһ졣
һ˽շ̨ţеĻȫҲȫнˡ
ŸˣŮֿ
ȻĻ̻̣Ȼáнֹʮ
˻˹˼ģʽһȷ̨˶ǿ
ʱ̾ŹַȨıɱʵۡ
ڷ̨ʵۣõľġ
һľͿóԼˣǶľǼʵ״ڣĿȾģȫʵѧ
һ㣬ıȲˡԼȫǼ򵥴ֱĸɵʱɲԺɵ˼·һֱ泯ıߣҲ뿴ֶΡ
ʱڵװһоͽĿһ¡
ѧѧԺ˵õϡ


533 ɱ
̨һ, Գһ塣ֻ־оŸ, ʳȫ³ʮġ֮⣬ǹͶУеֻǻ;ʮ, ̨һġҲΪλġҾŸ, иԵֺ⣬ȫֱͨŵֱе, ȫͨеģֻƽʱûľ, Σ, ӳȥ, Ҳ׾١
ѹŹ, , ˳Ͱ⹬Ŀһ顣Ȼֻǿһλ, ٿһ˲, ûԵ, ҲĶˡ
̫ɽ, ùˡ
ԡ
׸ڻڵ, ӡû֪ͨ
֪᲻ᱻ칫
ԾģΪĹžǹһȡ
عŵ³ı
ҡͷ
ڻǼ˵ʱ
ֹһҹ, , ſھʵˡ
Żǲ, ͵ϵˡ
͵ְѽйȥһ𿴡
ȥ߻˲ˡŮ١ǿ糣ֱ˵Ҳһ֮Ů
ٵĶʹ´һ˵
ͷȫˣ̬¡ӡ
ͦģ۾ܿôԶ
ͷӾûŭһߵԶ¡
ߵ£ǶѳɽſҲ֪ͷдʲôʣôôࣿ
Ц
һڳߵĹ˵ֻ²̨֪ϿǧŶ٣
ǰ֪³Ͽ٣粽ã֮ǰǧˡų̂˵ǵܵǲ˵һɡ
˲ѻȸ
۵Цˣһ½ϥͷ㰡ôһˣ
Ȼɡ
Ҳںĸ˵㿴ǶෳˣһϾдôң
Ҳδ˵ùһ̯һЦŸҵġ
̸ˡɱ˻ǧһֱǳڣֺܺ£ֻһֱװŲѡǼǵЩ˵ôĸ׵ģĸôҲֻܽЩյܰЩ˶нһ
꣬ÿ̧ջٵмǧǻ˵ʾ֮磬Со
ʶû취ô죿
ڷ־ȻҲỨң
ѽ˰
һȤͽ򷭵һңҵĶˡ
˾Ϳڵк֣ӡһЩ˲̿һĻͰͷŤ˹ȥҲǰȤ㳯һѰҵģһҪӽٱޡ
ҵıúõİһ𣬶ѳһСɽ˵ΪѡһѡЩãЩֻǸѡ
ССľһ㣬ÿΪѾûˣܸϲ
һ£˲ԸⲻԸĶǰˣЩŮӦ׾죬һһҹûм棬֪Ƿ񰲿쳯Ǿ۵һȻڴ£ŮˮȻջ˲ٸм
һС޷·ڳܣԶԸ볯ۣͬŮӾȥٰȰ棬׷˽
ֻʣ¸ˣϲеˣȻĿΣʥּЩȫͷģȫǱԵ
һͰĶ̽·ʯ
Ҳм˰ѷҵʰҳڷ룬ʱͰҡëҡռҡҵˡ
ʱųһ˲Ŀ̬̹ȻҲ⣬Ҳһˡ
ֱΪ֮Ůʲôûɵģ
⼸ҵԿһ飬ɸ̾ȫϺꡣ
⼸ûһ˵˻ҵ¡ǧǲ۵Сˣֵһᡣ
˵ȫ޵¡
ȷʵڡ谭ȥԺúˡ
칫˵ĻѾȥһˣٹ£һҪˣԹˡ
ë˵ڿʼ޵֮ǰȥȵۣǴ֮١ӦõģȷġϾҪ޵꣬ôҲҪȵǴкҪˣλڵҪ׼˼ݡ
Ȼ˵޵ӦãӦãֻǹƶʵʾ¡
ʵۣ
á
ЦŰȻţҸʵ͹ȥɡ˵žҪȹվһסƻȥٱᡱȥ
һȻľˣߵĻظʵۿȥˣǰ˺İõĻǰͶȥ
ͻȻ󣬻дžһľͷζƮ
ŽЦƣζǰʳڵǰҺĸ׶Ա߿ء
Ǻǡһµɫÿ
Щ˶ʿʿѪʵһ˶Դƶͦζġ
дһֶĳ졣ǲ֪˾ٻŭЩˣȴô
Ԧˣͻᡣ
ʵ˹¸Ħǰִʱ˾ǽΣһͷǵĽʦǹ˾Ǯ˽˿γ̵ġͷǰιҹ˾CEOĻ˵ڴѧûҵʱڴһˡ
Ǹʿ˵ȴܴסʱܸоǰġѧֻǱǮġ
м仰ΪȻ
˵˾ҪԱһΪ˾Ч˵ˣǰԱɹ˾ĹĲҪôԱɹأūǣҪǵˣǵūһȥūǡȻ÷ĽȥɫĹԱǾͻһѺܶܶǮͲҪĹϵһǻγһֵʽΪ˾ˣԵõǮʣµ˶ʧߡ
ǻڶ˴˼ӣȥƶȵĲ
þܵѹǣȻάеһ򼸸˵Թ޻ἯЩϣЩҲֻܼߣĺ
ܲЩϵ֪Ӧôôֵµ˾ˡ

ֱֶ̫ˡҳֻȮȮޣ˲ޣ˱ƳޣһᱻԼ޷ɡ
ǸͷҲһڣ˸нƸ룬ҲԹں˸ߡŻ᲻òǮϿΣΪѾûǮˡ
ûٸ顣
̨ÿ춼յ˼ˣȥˣڻҳʱúõһǧ
£ǵԼɱǧ»ᱻ˼Ǻޣͷϡøȥǧ
ǧӦ˵ôôңȷʵһֱ˺£Ҫҳ̴ҳһ֮һ㶼ѡ
̫ˡר˼ҳʱȥеҪˡ
ɽûпڣ֪Ҫ
ǵñǧʵ¡Ȼǧˣû
պҪѻǧ㻵һˡ
Լһͦġ
ҹܣ˾֪ҲŽȥȰⲻסڸڵھӡ
˵溰ɱŮ졢СĿ޺˵˴ӻǼӳѪֱۣץȥˡ
ͳͳֻ˵
ǧģԻû̫ͣáһ峿ҴŶжӣͻǧ롣
ոɾƯļȾѪìͷѪۣʿϡ϶ˣϡϹҩ
ɱڡ
֮ˡ
ݺ˵ʱʱߵ־ǿյġ
죬һˣһ̯ûСҼұ黧ŴգСĿҲ
ڷ̨ڣһ㣬и衣
ֳɫǺܾš
߿˵ֱۣо첲һһļƤ
ѵҲûǿ˵ϰߣ֣ϣָһ뿪˾Ͱֱڻ̧ͷɫ԰׵ūū̺òҪϲū
ôų
Ȼ˹ڵҲûûÿ춼зˮ
ɵˣ
е㲻̣ḧһѣǲڹˣҪҪǻؼȥ̺򡣡
ƴҡͷϸǣūūԸ̺Ҫū˵䣬˶
ôˣ
ص˵£̺
һЦǿû۸Ŷ
һۣ˵˵ʵôˣбʣҡ
һ˵Ҳʲô¡ɻǵһͻȻ뿪ļˣǵʬױӳȥˡ
ʬףѾˣ
ΧС˵ǰء
Ŀ̻ˣˡ
ÿնҪЩ˳ȥϰģǷֵģŻء
Ƭ̣ĬĬ̾
һԼѮ˵֪ҲѰڹǵֻ⣬ȡ֣֮δãҲֻǹһ仰¡뱻˷֣ɱ򵥵İ취ˡ
Цô˵ɱûһǧҲа˰١
˶Ц
һ˵ã
ﲻãܺݵģ
ǲνˣҵһúý̵
ЦãȤˣȥ
һ£̾һЩǳȥѰɡ
òһȥҲΪˡ
ǶһۣЦȥˡ
^


534 
һ˽ӽ˷̨
ǵ·ǳ, ϼ, Ѿü۸סˣǵӶ
ʮ
Գ̶ӣȻݺݵһʹ·Ǯ, Ҳʹķǽȥˡ
Ա߻С̯ǰ
̶ӣһӿ˵ĺ˵³ˡ
Ŷ, ԭ³̰ȥ߶³̡
̶̨֧ȥˣû߶þͿˮ, ·ϼС̯Ӻ˷Ҫġ
Ǵ˻С, ǴŶҵŮ˶ԸЩ̯ǰ
һ̶ӹ, ·Ե̯Ͻѳ, ˲·ͱ, պù̶ӵͨ
̯˵·ģôôࣿ
ߵǱߡ̶еһ˵, ڳһˮ, ˮȫൽƵ͵ĵط, ̶, ˸, ű˺ͷˡ
̯ѽѽ, λֵܰһ˺ʳͷǼҶʵڡ
ʳһϵĺͣʣҲжʳ̯ЦͰ˶ʳ, ٿ, Ҳȥ, ³̣˶֪ءҶʳ润ʳǼҵĹ󣬷ŵĶ࣬ر÷ըƣϲ˺ͽóԵúܣ
̶˶һһڿˮ
ǳǰ˲ըƣըˣĨٷģҲͳˡ³ƾˣըˡһ·ľһڡ
һʱ¶˼֡
ǰĹ㳡ϣȡͣѺ͵Ӫ
ȥˮҪϴ衣
һ˵𼱣³˵ĵ̣ػϴĵط
һ˵ȳԷ
ʱӦڣں
ҪԷ
ʳʳ
Ƕ̣
Χ̶ͣӣµȫ³ˣǺʳЦˡ׷ָȥѰԵġ
˵³ռݵﾹȻչһСгľ³̴ӸشĻ³ʳ
ʳѾ³ʳܳơгѾһר⣬Ƶ̯ӶңʳǼҼҶζвͬ
⻹ϴġϴͷġġ·ġϴ·ģȵȣ³ѾϰߵĶﶼС
صҲϰ³Ǵ¶
ʧЦҡҡͷϴϴ·ĵطʹżȥˣȥԷ
ҲͲͣǻԼʳʢ
ϴʱ·Ьϴ¹ȥϴˣһϴڽУЦӣҪҪһӳԵĻһطϴ¶Ժ߰˸޴ľͰ
ʣʲôӣ
˵ʳİҵĶЩλҪθڴĻҪӰɡ
ʢŵĶʳкһɱˡ򿪶ʳӹȷըƺͼ
˵ȥһڳһЩ㣬ɱҧһڣ澹ȻŽζͦġ
˴һͨϴ泩
ϴԱ߾ǳµ꣬任һ˵Ƿ̨Ĺ·һΧȥʱ÷ֻͨϵˡ
Žļ˶ڴЦΪղŲ÷ｪ䴩ʱʹȰҡҲЩεǷ̨ĹӶĿճһϸŽз
ڽ䴩˵ϸԭ˶֡
ǻصԣҲͳԹ˷ϴɾˣ£׷׵ȥ
粻Ҫʱ
ȥպÿԹҹ
һ˹
ߵ׵ʮ˸ˡ
ǣؾͱɾˡ
ǵûϴúܡ˿׷ױܿڱǣһ񣬵ȿ䣬ֱ˼
ϣһȴ⡣ֻн
һͻʥּͲĻҹšյԺ̲סˡ
ȥҡ
վڽֽǣȥѯʡ
ϵ˵ݷ³³̣Цָȥ̨ѰˣĵŽ˵һ
˻˵ڷ̨ʱͷ̧
ĬĬ졢أ۽͵䡣
ߣߣֱŹȥ˵ͷϽָ·Լһǰͷ
һĴǳʱ뻶죬һ·ߵóĬޱȣû˸˵ඪɫ
䱻˵Ŀڱϣ˰죬ҧ޵ٿңһȥҴһܣ
Ǵֿʼ졢ˡ
ԱߵĹֻǸСţ̨׺͸߸ߵż˵ֻܹˡ
ŵ³ʿҲǿһʱȥŹؽȻһ˻ȥˣʣµſǽϣٹ죬㵽ˣ
䵽ϣ£պ䵽˵ͷϡ
ȴϵһͷţϣˡ
ţƤ񣬴ĥ⻬ȥ䲻ţƤ
ôҲǽͷļ
ǹģרΪǷֵĶҲǲģһҲһϦ֮ǧͷţƤƳɣ⻹Ҫͼ⼼ǱܵءĹٽһӶˣ˾λøɻзԣǲΪЧ
˻ɣЩ֪ģƾǡͬۡ˵һ̵ֵܵ˵
˶˸񣬺ٺһЦѼͷ˽䣬ؾר֡ȵطˡ
ʱҲǰˣ˾裬￴ȷʵԼء
˸ϽѼȥͷˡ
ǽͷһһͷЦһ͵Ǵ󽫾
һ۾һܹҲŵǽˡ
ʣµҲϽţӭ󽫾
ûмۣǼֻĸˣ˵м۵ģȥǵ͡
ĸЩ治Ƕ
˻Ҫ䣡һǹģ
֪˭һģ
˵ǵ㹤򲻵ңȻ͸һСͣ
ţƤȻܱ֤ȫмѵȻԲ֪δûЧԼЧ֪Էֵλã빻ԶĻܿĿܻǺܴġ
֪ڸִɱжӦ÷ǳ㣬ͽнֹ˷ɱ
ſˣӭ˻ûü˵ͱʣµץסҪ
˸ϽлǳԭΪеϮͱ֡
ȡȻ̽Դĳ⣺ǿӣ
ǰǰǣ
˾ͱ˿ӣ˻ȥһһܡ
һǰԽһŽ룬룬Ѿ֪ˣ
ˣһӦȥˣǲǴͨƭң
˴ЦһȺȥ˵ȥ̴
ȥˮ
ȥ󽫾׼Եİɡ
ǲţڴãȻվſȥѵģ
ӿŲߵſڣո߳£Ϳ̫ɹ÷׵Ĺһ˴
ΪһˣʹԶҲϵó
ͻȻ̧ͷͿһӰȹӱ³̨ף
Ҳ˲Ͱ˸ˡ
·վסţס߸ŽˣЦλɡ
Щ˶ЦģȻˣȴڲͣ˵
ôûʲôģ
ǱߣǱ˵ˣô£ȻҪȥˣ
˷ЦͷٿһۣѾ۵һ
֪ҪվòŻصء
һж籩ꡣ
ʱѾˡ
ڹ޵С齣һһСǻˡ
˶û˵˵ʲôȣȺС˯һ͵ϣҲش̫ѣʹӴ齻СȥԷԵһֱһ
Ȼҹﲻ֪ʲôʱ˯ȥģ˯ŵʱû˯š
ˣûѡ
һ°ϵĺӣֻһ齲һһ쿴Ͱѽˣסһڣְ°
Ц˳ӵ㻹
Ժһأ͵½˯ˡ
ſϿ죬ֱ˽ߴ٣ˣⶼˣԷ𣿡
ܾȣˣ
ЦͷǰˡֻǿŽͿʱˣԲԷϴϴ裿
ֻһѳȥԣϴ
Ц


535 
˳ߵ, ڵл, ʹŽգ͡
Ļض벻ˣˡ˴, üĿ˵ҹ̺洺, Ķǽ͵ϡŮ֮
Ͳˣ, ּʡ
ǸŮʱҲ㽹˺龰Ըò, ĸǼ֮, ʱ˺, ƾı½ɷ˼׾ٵ, Ҳĸô, Ȼлʵ۵Ķ, ȴΪʶѧʶ˼ЦʱҲĸֱ̫, ԸΪ顣
ʱ̨ϵĹ󰮵, ֻǰ䡣Ȼװò, ŮҲ˵Ϊǻϵ, Щ˲ð
ǰ϶
ˣ˵ʱ, ѵ׷, Χ˿ҵ
, ȻڹūʶŮζ󰮵ˣһʱǸвţһ̫һӭСʼչʹǮãۿϴҲ治ɫ¼ޡ
˵ǽ˼ٰ磬Ľͷӣ˽˺ŭȥʹ켫ˣ
ȴûӭǮͽֻת⡣
һѷɫ
ȥĽܹñ⣡
Ψһ½ͻ
㲻
Ҳഺ껪ҲˣҲһ³ܣ½
ѵͱȲŮҪȥ𣿣

ǻ졣
ͥԺ齣˸ȼ㣬͸һͥ˵
˶ֻŵ£һ𣬳ŹϹƣʱʱһһ
˶վԶˣΧǽͷݶ򶼰˹֣Է⡣
Ȼʱ˿Ӧû˻ģ͵
ڽʵĴϣ޾Ǻӣȥץһ£ٵǰʲôץס˾ͷ˵
һΡ
º϶Ǻ·Ҳôˣһ£ſؿѹŲ
𣿡ǱԹǺ棬ȥĶôô
һҹʮˣ֪Ҳۣôܸɵö
۾˵ġ
һЦǰһһ࣬ǡԹ
ôɣҲģģ˯ȥ㶼ŲӣҲЦֻҲˣ·ã־˵ҽ⿪Ҫԭȥ
Ͱջȥˣ·ơ
һ˼·ϣ³¡
˵¡ҲѾ˵
Ȼǰʱ˳˵ģǰػ˵ġ
ͷȴ£˵ĵһ
ߺ󣬽ŭˣϿһ롣
һʼϳһЩǵĲ֮ġˣ˵˾ˡˣ˵˾ֶˡ
͵ȥһ𹲿
֮󣬽̨ˡһ̨Ĵ֯ɸʱһĿǮҪģһȫ˸ܡġͳɽˣҵĽڡ
ޱҪ轪ıʹǮȫ䵽ˡ
ȻûǮȴ˳ֹСҹȨλأܣһζάڳֳһԡ
Ȼ˺
Ҳ˱ȺһˣǮˣˡ
Ҳˡ
Ǳţţһ£ȥҪ
ӶЩ̣򽪵顣ͽ͵˷ǡ
ɣĻ̡̻
ĳһ߱ģȻʲô͸ʲôǰҪһоǸʵۣĲ֮ٸʵۣûʵáڷ̨ʵʲôʱܹ£
ѾӢչȻ˴ķ
ߵġʿͽۼˡ
òƲ뷴Ҳܼɵֳûҷǵ鷳˽ѽеıһ֣ҲûӦ
ıɽӦԼҲҽ䡣
ǽ;ġ͡ûһ֮£֮ϵλϡ
̲סĻЦʣѲɣԸ㣿俴һۣҡͷֻ֪˵ԽΪýȥոǸ˰⡣
Ц
ӣڵúá
йǱΪ飬Ȼ绢ԭǴ򣬻ûְ˾ӾλǶǧʯҲܳС绢ˡ
ѾЦ˵ˡ
١ôֶǺ֣Ҳ硣Ǹء
ôײĸ߾֮󣬽;ٱ׼ȥǶһȦˡ
ǲߣǽ깱Ҳرˡ
ǰѹƷ͵ֳǣԼ͵˷ǡ
̫ءաңԸԸ׳Ǹ
һˡΪ˷ѽϣǳݵһС
漴֪ͨ˹㣬˽ȥͻʥּ̨ܷˡ
ȥҲаˣ̨֪ʲô龰
֮ǰѾ͡ڽͷˣ˵޵Уûأֻ˵ҪȥǣǾŷɼԶ
ֳżӺţ֮ǰǼӡӢۡãǼӡͨ족أ
ҲҪһ·̨¡ֻԺƻӾ֪ʵǳǳġݡ
ֱڣǻʵ۱ѡѡƺʺѾûκˡ
һûδļƣܶռһһ죬ܶռһ̾һ̡
ҲٵθڣҪ̨µαĻҪá
þûôǧٿ׵ˡ̨³Ҫõö࣬Ϊ³ôһֱһĿ֮£ͲΪЩͷˡԼںںġ
¶̯ӣҲõò̫غõ̫ء
ֻ̨ҪĳһķԼͻĵȥ
ֻҪȵǸʱˡ
ƶ
ͰԻʵ۵Ĳ²˵ˡ
ֱ˵ʵǸʲô£ʵӦĳһ֪Ĳмû취ڣҲܳǰ֪Ĳмǳϣ㣿ǶĿ֮ʵ۱⣬أû취ֻ˲ʵۡ
֪ĿһֱǱסʵ۵Ļλŵʵۡڹ£Ҳ֪ôιŹԼ
ʵһֱ֣ǿʼԻȨʧȥη
ķһ㣬õԮҪʵѡԭ
һֱýţѡʺΪ֮ŮǰĽ֮ô
һǰ۾ܷ֣˺һİ취ۼ޹ȡȨ֧֣ʵѡ
һʺȻ
²⣬ĴӦʺˣһ϶ʵѡˣֳɵԼǣǱͻ³ˣأһֱų̂ϢѾˣ˲ˣǳʲô£ڱؼ
֮أŮ벻̺ʵ̨ۣµ֪ʵ۰صֻʣµԸ͸ŮĲɣ
ңһ·ɼٳԸŮġʱˣ˳Ļ˵ҪڹмЩˡ
ʵ۵ĿʱѾҪˣʱȨƣ˭ܴӻʵõ࣬˭Ҿǻʵĵĳӡ
һ㶼ɳ£ӣһ㶼ֶΡⷽ棬һû⡣
е˼·ˡʣ¡ʺ뵱ʲôЦұ֣ȻҿԵΪʲôܵ
ʺе


536 ӿ
ѮѮ, ͽɽв֪µ
ߵ˷̨, Ҳڷ̨Ĵй䡣
ų
Ϊڳڡ䡱
ǧ룬ҳղ֪ιһ, ĸ뻨ͬϱ, 뻨δ󽫾
ûκ顣칫Ȼû˵ǰ¶ǳԼģûëѾǰʳ˼
Ҳϼ, ҲŸųȥˡžͳȥë˵ô󽫾һְ̫Ҫ, ίΡǧȵ۷Ĺ, ϶ʤδְ, ò̫ס
ë, ǹʲô˼
˵, ˼, ûһ֧һ, û, ˵󽫾Ҳü
칫Ȼ˴, ôԺܺⰡ
, Ȩ
ȻͻȻͷԿϣ
Ȼô˵ʱëԱߺǺǡ
ǧеľкüֱ֧פڲͬĵط, ݴеս, еӹµ, еĸҺõĴһӣеĸǧг
һ֧أ
칫Ȼ£Ѿֳˡ
޻Ȼʱû˭˵ԼߵĴ˵ǻĴʧַѵһ̵ô磬ôպãʹӻ򷼵Բ򷼵һ糤Ŀӡ
뵽ڻĸ뻨󶼾ûʺϳӰ࣬Ȼܵܵĳˡ
ڻ򷼵ķǰնУǱ޸ȥġ
ϴĿϾȻϵ٣ο˿ڲսϵõģǽģܼ˰
˵ǧʱûӣֻԻĸ뻨֮󣬶ǻˡ
һգҲǻȥеĳ·Լ˿סŴˣŰЩзĻϵ׽ˡҲץЩ˵šӡ衢޶ϼӿܣЩ˽Щ˵ı˻
ѻҽĻУŽ˷İ
ԼҲܲ⡣⳯Ƿ˼˵ֻǳӿԼ̳мҵ
ѵǳʶŲԸ
˭֪ԺǸдǡ
˵⻨ؽ˼˵ǧѵһ滨лҲ˵⻨ûͰ̨ܽĹŮȥˡ
칫ȻóĻԣվڳһ
ȻҪפڳ򸽽ġȻÿҲ͹ȥڸĳҲܲιЩү
ǰг칫Ȼ˵פΰ裬ǰο಻ԣһ̫ڻһĽǰҪͷյѹ칫չһ¹
칫ȻʱͿˣҲֻǼ´£л̡Ͼ͸Щʲô
ڣֹʱѾˡ
֣ȻܿͰдˣͽȥ볯ӡ
칫⽻ëѣȥһ³ڲڣ᲻ῴ˻᲻ᷢĻʲôӦ
ëѾͼˣȥӡ칫˵ڣڳߵԼֻһȥӡˣͷβû֡
칫⣬˼⣬Ȱϸһ飬û˵ϽȥִУһ߷ʣΪβڣ
ëѻˣ¶ε˵˵ཡū³ʱһֱ뽡ūڵˣ
칫
𣿣
𣿣
𣿣
칫šһº󣬻ţ˵˿š̨ܳˣ
ɲŰ
˵еʧȴǰġŮӣδϻۣһ˰
ԭİУװġ

ڻŬʱҵġѾˮˡ
ཫʿ׹һʱҰðˡ
³̺ᴩܺЩҲ̶ֻܾӵ鷳ҸˣԶ׼ǲ˵ŭ̶ֻӣϴﶼûм壬˿Ϊֻϵù
·һϣ³ǿߣ˵˳ǵľǹֻҪҹˡ
İһϲɫλ󽫾
ʱˣ
ʱѹǽʱ˵ŲͷˣҪǵʱűǳȥתת
ʱ⣬֪ǡˡ
ǰһ۱һ۵ģȥ̫Щǵ¡ӹľƶϳЩпܶǽ󽫾͹һġЩֻϽ͹
仰˵ЩǹԼˣǡ
Ҳһֱ⣬ڣⲻĻ
⣬Ҳһ⣬͵̨͸
ʱѾǾ³ˡ
ӵʱͽûû¼ڣԿţŵݸ֪ûȥˡ
ĸܵҪľӡ̫ˣֻ
ǲԸİɣ
˵ҡˡ
˵Ҫȥı˴󽫾㡣Ҳһֱڷǡ꣬㡣
仰еղŻΪˣû뵽ꡭҲټ
ݲݶ˸ƻȻ˵ģ϶ġҪȿһˣȻص³ֺϡ̳ǡǵȵضҪȥһ飬ˣðһСˣµĻҵ
Ȼ̨һ
ǰĲ޸ϣ
ᡣҡͷЦʵгΪʺϣ𡭡š
ڴʵʵĶסһ˱ĴһƬհף뿪ˣû취
òװץͿߵˣʮʮЦ
ЦʲôЦǵȥ˸Ӣ䣬̨ĹŮǿϲأ˵м˾Ȼ˹󸾵ˣʱʱĴСݸ˿
ЩҲǸĸԸڷ̨̳ģ㳯а˳ɵ˶ٻҲɵ˸ԸڼɢգԸȨѷ룬ղ
ЩŮУеǱɷȰŽģеǴӸڳܾίؼҾ࣬Ҫͽö֮ǵĿ
ҲǲҪж˳¡
֪ڴ˶మ˺˵Ը⣬ǿ԰˴³ȥ³򿪹ӭӸġ
ǰǲƭܰƭȥ֪ĸŪŮӡ
ҾͰһ飬ԺֻܶС㡣
ȫһ£ľŪŮӵĸ飬һҪò˽³

Щʶˣˡ˵һٲ֪ŵģǷ֪ʲô
ˣͱøˡ
ڻûм칫һʵǱڷ̨ӡ󣬾ǲ֪칫᲻ϵ
ܿӦþûˣ͹æˡ
ڳǰæµˡ˵ģƺʼԷ̨µĹҸȤˣʼ͸ҲЩĶʲôˡ
ȤģǻҺüֵܶڸǶǧµı͹ְûһ˻ǳɱǵĸ׺ͳ
洫Цɻû˻ǧѾûͷĸжݡ䡢ŻԷڣΪ
ڵĻҾһռӡ
˵֮ǰң˲ϵˡڻԼְֱȥ󣬻Ҿв˴ӻҰˡ
һЩ˼ֱӳ˳ǣȥͶϵҲе˴ֱͶ칫Ȼˡ
һϦֱ֮˸̾꣬ͽκΡ
ʣµֻеϵˡЩϵӵֻŷгǲĳޣ֪Ͻ񻨼ҡ
ҡ
ڻǧͻױݣÿղʩۣ֬Ҳֻڼҹ㣬챣ӻңĺǡ
ǰϸ۲ȼһռ
δԣŮѾųˣҪߣ
ʲôһɣ׵ڵϣѳꡣ
棺⣡Ⱑ
򷼴Сڻǰͷżȥ³ѹ廨ҵһݡ
й֮Ҹ£Ҫȥ̨


537 
ųڷ̨ι, ݳ³͵, һ·˷̨Ѿˣ³̸˷̨, ְ⳵ǣȥһ¸ͻˡ
ͼá
º, һӾͱˣʱʱ꣬, գȷʵһ䡣
ڳ, ʱЩ, ˿ӾͰѳһ, һԽ
⹬еľ쿴, һ, 𣿡ʡ
á, һָ, , պЩ԰ƽԺǸʲô
ԭҲһ, Ϊ˽԰, ۾ͰסĹǨѹƽ԰Ϊӳ￴, Ұ, ѹƽ, ӳ԰ġ۾԰˹һʷǰĴ԰Ҳ˵谮¼
԰ȷʵЩ˷ѿռˡԭǸҲôյȻʲôûУֻһ޼ʵĻͼͻͤӡҡΪʱҲ谮檡
˶£ѷ̨һ飬˵ðˣ·ĳսʯ·Ǹ˵Ҳˣһ¥ÿԿĺǲе
Ҫ˵ľǹȻ빬Žûи¥ǰסĵطһԵǸԶŸȫֻݶϣɹ춳ôأǲǱԹǾ˵Ը
ЦˣӦһ취طס
Ҫȼһʵۡ
ôڹй䣬ڽԼ
ʱͬգԼڳȻܳ˳ǰҲӡ
ǵýʾ⣬ĿԼȥһԵȽȥߣͶԽ˵Լߵ˶ء
³ʵˣ
αҪ裿
ֺô
ѧû֡
ʣ㿴Լ𣿡
ҡͷָ̾ŮòڣĻҲװ
Ͱѽʤ˵һпơ
ʤȻûƣ˼ҲµóҪùˣЦŵͷ½ūūȥ죬ͺôһ㡣
ԥһ£ԼѡҪϳȥģǴòкһ㣬һһ㣿
ʤɫԱˡУǾҪȣȷʵһʱ䲻ܶҲûˡ
ˣ˵Ҫ°ˡ
ʤѡƨɡ
Ҳ⣬ˣҪҪأˣһܺá
ԥʤҪӻҪӣ
ʤҧҪӡ
˾Ͱѽʤȥˣһʹ졣
⣬ԱߵһˣӺ͹ʲôһģЦǴţģ֮ˣӾͺͨˣ׵Ҳùء
ԭһ˵
ӻ죬˿ڴֲȴˣûɱ˲Ѫ
ףղʽʤĻھѡҪ棬Ҫ
ʤѡ档
һɹҲҪȥĽˣȴȻ϶һ档
Ƚֵþ塣
꣬˸ʤҩҲˣȥ󣬰Ƥðţ˳ȥ
ʤԼϣһҶ֮½һſָǴСҰ棬̫ЩɬǸԶӡָָҪ֪Ͻ档
ժ˶ʮųˣʣµģȴţ֪ҪȼԼŻҪ
Ȼȴ˵аԼ
ʤûе̫ãڶ죬ԼһˡڹΧǻȥʤûȥǵ¼Ǻ뿪˿
Ĺȥ˼ǺţȻİš
ԼĹϵԼºűøܡġ
Լ뿪ĻǼÿ찴ʱתһȦͼĸ˵ȥ̻ʵˣԺһֻܸҪϰа˵ժǹ
ޱȵ˵
ʤҲ׵ġšˣԼ˰ţ˾һֱϵ
֮ǰʤҲƼٵĸιϢ˵׼ţҪȥһ䣬СĲҪײ߹ڵ˵̫飬Ȼ֪ʱֵóˣȻһȥ̻ʵˣ˵ŭǨŭκҪκߡ
κı̴ߺԼĻˡ
аգԼһֱûлڹߣԼôûôˡ£ԼܷءҪһˡ
ʤһٵЧҡԼӦûܸշһ͡
˵ҲأԴ˺֪۷˶ˣ޲ϧΨйһЦ׵Ժ
ŮļԺһǲԩˡ
˺һֱϳҰ棬仹˳ʳҩ
ӹʳҩ˵빫ģūūزйʧ
֪Ҳʮֵģ˵˵õܽ㡣
ϧˡ
ʤЩӣɻԵǣĻͻȻжһ⻰ԹУ·͸ˡ
ǰȽáֻǽѾûˡ
ǽûˣҲˣȴţ˵ĻǶԵ
ȷʵҪȽã
ȱ֪ĸһ㣺ڹߣ˸յ˹١
ǸѾλӴ
˼ӣڹ𾴣˭뵽Ǹأ
Կһҡ
ֻҪڹߡ
ʤգһֱûиԼԼζûĻӦΣԼҧѰŸĨȥˣת뿪ʤĸȥյҩȥܵѾ붼ˣֽԲôʹֹӲէһҲ̡ܹ
װøһ㣬ĸԼ
ԼǶǰɼڻûһĸ
ĽŲȥ
ŮӹȻʮִ
ʤؽŲ
Լһװˤ͵͵һʯͷתͷ밧󣬽ȴҵĽʤ
ʤɫҰףѪɫǹһӣһȰţֻһȸ·ɵҲȫ˿ڣ
ϲĿ
ԼȴǾʧ룬ֲֻʣôˣ˭㣿
ʤ˵ǰչ֪·ŭ˰и״˴һ٣ˡ⼸һֱ˳۸ǺòײſԼģæϹˣǰ˵һԡ
һ˵һµֻʣ°ˡ
Լʯͷܸоʯͷһš
˵š
ʤͰ̰µİֽһ飬̫࣬ԼˣܽüΪˣҪͬ飬Ҫ˸ˣҪʲô뷨ܸԷ
ڣٱԣȻҪŶժǹĺ⣬ϧԼɫܺǰ
˵ǰ뽯ҹమģĺ˽ȫңͼֵҲ͵̳ˡ
˵Ǻ޹빫ȡ֣еĳ޾һֱû취
˵һԼĶˣϧˣλ࣬Ҷ¶⣬ǰҲ챣ӣҪȥˣϣܱԼúûȥ
Ȼ׼̹Ȼȥʣµʱ⣬ץסԼһƬȹǣϧİ
Ȼ˺ûнʶˣߵ˲ϣʫдûһǧҲа˰٣Ҳץȥ׽дȻڳ¡
ԼһһĿſҪĽʤҧҧʯͷ˵߰ɡ
ʤ֪ˡ


538 ȱܣͲ͸
ԼѽʤһõͤѾ, ûʲô˻ᵽҸûȡů, ֻǶƤýϣʳˮҲͨ˹ŮԵˮʤԴժǹ̳ǻص̨ҲûڶԹʳ, ʳʱȵİ
õֱòˡ
, Լ˿ҩҩֻ죬С⻹Щ֮, ѾȫûˣȻδ, Ѿپ߱ˡ
ҩ
ϧԼÿضۿٰѺڻ, Ҳϸʲôҩ, , ֻȸ˵, Լҩ
ԼҲһ, ȴÿ춼͵͵, ЩԵġ
ò˵, ʤȻЩж, һǹ˴, Ȼ˵Ҫ̫أطҲǹģȻһֱ˸ԼԼڡ
ԽԽжˡ
ʤĸԼһơϤڽʱѵ˶Դѱ뼧檣׵ض, ôͽҲĶأ
ɼȷʵá
˿Цð
˵ҩ, ȥ߽, ʱԼһʱˣҪҩҩԼģǡ
ʼշԼˡ
Ҳ˶Խʤ˵ԿԼܿҪһ˵˰ɣҲˡúö˼
ʤԺζˣܲµΪͻȻ⣺ΪǸҩ
ҲĵطңѽϣֻҪǹĶϹ⣬Ǿ˻ðһЦ֮
ʤҩ͹ʳܿͺˣֹࡰ˼죬˼ԼҩºҩŻ˴Ǳߵҽòеҩġ
ԺԼպʲô㡣
ҡͷҲٻصߣҲ޴ȥò׾ҵȴûʲôԱĵط
Լҧġԡڳ飬һͨ
ʤһϲˣԼҲϲˡʤɺЦȴһһߵᡣ
˶ǿˣϣȻ˴ˣǺεȵԵݣ
ԼԼϯȴֻϽ£Ͻȹӣʤװҡ¡˾һԼȥˡ
ʤ»͸˵ʲôȥˡ
һΣԼûеǵڶˣǰ졣ǡýڴˣʱ˴⣬ǽ˰˵黰
Լû£ֻڽʤ˽˼ǣǺԼ˵һʤ֪ʤϲ
ʤȻϰΪȡԼʱҲ˵ġ
Լ뿪ʱŵˣǸĿ¶֮ɫһЦתԼ
ԽǰߣԽ١
ʤȸСԣ֪˶ĵطȸڵСһǳǳ٣ٵȸ¡
֮⣬ܶ࣬ȴûʲô̳ԡ԰һľۣҲûмɽʯ
ֻ
ֻķֲҲ⣬šСУէһģϸһƾͷе˶û취ֱߣϼǰһ·ˡ
Ĳãýʤ˽ǰһ׮¡
ǰһ岮нݲţϲΪ٣Ҳϲ˽ѣֻһ˹壬Ʒ顣
ȢһޣһŮȥ֣֮Ů󣬸Ů˳һͬͥǰ԰ɢ̸ܺá˳˵Ů֮Ҳˣ˻ҲƷˣʲô飬Ҳ˿һˡ
Ů󣬱סŮԸҲŮͽýĶ˻ȥֵļлŮͼסԺȥˡ
ֹȥʮ꣬ԺޣĴ˵аҪ׽񣬼롣˵Ĵ֪ð壬ȥ鿴常Ůӻȴһ׮¡
常ŮڱԺһӵģĴҲΪһԷޡ˻һӣΪɡ
ǸȷɵˣȻʮˣȴ˵˻ʶĸˣ֪Լֻˡ
˵֪󣬾ȥѸĴ񶼼ΪǨԶȥˣȻץ˻ؼҺ󣬰㲻ԼֻӺͺأ
˵Ѿˡ
Ծˡ
ǸڱԺеĲþģס̽Ŀ⣬ֲţΪǸܳȥܰ壬ֱײȥΧתȦȴҲѧƹȥǰߡ
ǰǿǽһʵĹǽ
Լͷ˵ǿһ㣬ڻȥԷٵġ
ʤͷ棬һ·СܣǽС˽ȥ
ǽĵطӦͥǰе
Լ˵ߡ
Ǵţ߹ӣٽȥǹ㻪ͥ
־Ϳϡ
㻪̨ͥ·һģɲ֣ҽʤ֮ǰû㻪ͥ
ǰһխԲͥԺͷһŴüΪСĹ
⼫ĵطģȴܻʯ϶ǵ̵ļݣ¡
ʱͻȻһƵĺУϵóǻͻȻ˸䣬˴Ц
ΪĵĴЦ
ԼɫʱòҰףͷȻĿ˽ʤһۣ˵û㣬Ҿٻ
ʤʱȴûȴƴתԽ
ȣһҪȰ¸߹
ԼƿŽȥģͲԼһᷢһ㶼Ը⣬Ҳ֪ˡ
еĵطźƤëûһļҾߣ齼ȶûУҲûͭ϶Ƥ
õǻ棬治ĵطǰڵϵģǹģҵüߣǳ˳򣬲Ȼ
ڲ۵ĵطһ޴ɽ̧󣬽ʤſʵһꡣ
ͲüۡƤëܿ۾һƴ޳
Եü֣ƺѾܾûкúøͷ·ˣͷԺһ·߰㣬˲ϣֻŶûдЬ
ǰʲôҲûУȴúܿģԼУеÿˣһ˹Ц
ԼŽʤ͵һȻ±ӷ֣ϳȥˣְͻصǸͤ
ʤѾ˲װʥˣôʱԼҲˣʣ˭ԼһĸЦȴûһ˿ЦǱ¡
ʤЦԼס죬˲֪˭ȶ֣һ˶Է·Сͤ˷ޡ
Ժ˷·Ҳûˡ
Լ˵ǰһͻ£Ҳ͵ڳѾûˣҲ̫ˡ
·İͷ
ʤʣܰʲôأ
Լ˵ԹˣǸˡ
ʤ˵ʧɫҲһʱ˵µԼʲôˡ
̫ˣҲԼЦԼϲҲûŮ֮˼
ʤƬ̣ҿ԰Ҫʱ䣬˷֣ǿܶ
Լͷ۾ǣҲһƬ档
˶˵³ᵱʺ󡣡Լ˵֮ǰأʤȻЦŵͷһҾȻʺˡ
ԼһЦö·ϣ

ĿڣŻ⻹ûȥ
ҽǰɪɪҿڡ
˸ֱۣ˵ɣˣ
ҽ˵ˡ
ߵðһ䣺
ŶͷͱͷӴһϥϽЦŸϣҪذ
ŭأŤͷԵأŻ
˾ʹЦŭŭذ


539 ҽ
Ķ˲, ˸ʵĸо
֮ǰΪԼǳθ, ̫߿ҽˮƽһвϿҽ
ҽһ
ϱӣҲúþӪһͥҸоһжƽ˳, ѡɷ, ɹ˻飬˲˵ðȥҲ־ͬϣ, ͣҩ, Ŭ˰ꡣ
һʱ˷ܸ, Ϊమ찮ᾧ, ִδϵ, һºͨһ, ̫ˡ
ÿ, ǰ̽ƽ䰾ҹ, , ڡ
ûн
ʵֻĸ, ˾ͶûȤˡֻ˭ȿڴٵ, ƻ˶ȥٵļͥ£ԾûǡãһĻ, ɵŦԼһٻ, 캢ӵļƻ˳µı˹ͬˡ
, ҸоӦǸкӵʡͽԴӿҲһֱû°
ξˡ
ˣ
ҲûҽԺû
Լ˿С롣
عԱߵڿЦûЦʲôʲô˰ݸȰɣֻвˣʲôûţȺȿĸǰùģŮ˵Ϊܼǵס
ӹڣ˳ڣȺ˲ųһ˿÷ӵζ
ղЦɵһ£С˯һɡ
ˣǳó󱳷Ϊʱʮ꣬˵Ѿӣֻǻûкӡǰʱ˵ԼҵǼʱͻҡ
û£̫ˡЦ˵
˴಻˵˵ֽů˵İһ澵֡ұ֮ʱĽԾˡ
ܰͻңȴ֪ðЩŮ͵ȥʹԸΣů֮ǰ˵ҲûкõطˡҲȷʵమ飬Ϧĵط
ůΪ˵˽֣ͺš
۾һ˯ˡ
ůһҪص÷Ц⻹ҵ֮󿴵÷ԼģһСͣҲû÷ˣҲˣʡһԣ˵ܶԼ졣
˾ڹԶһ÷֣̽ȥɣûʣµģûˣͽ˰÷
ůЦôһ𣿡
Ӧȥ
ͿˣеͿˡ
ùõһϢ
ʤ˻ʵۣʵǸɵӡ
УԼڷ̻ʵۣʵϣӶʺ֮λ
ʱˡ
罯ʤʣʤҪҪԼЦȻҪ
ȻůȥҴţĵ棬ұԺһá
Ժһͽˡ
Ͱ׸ǰһ˱Ժ˺ú׼һ£˵й͵
˵ΪʲôͻȻҪӷ̨治⣬˵ϲϲԹ
׸ﳯ˰ɡҲ֣ƢôһءǶΪ뽪Ӧ˻ùһַ
ûȶãǰѻͽ̨ĵ磬ƻʱ֣ĳ͵ˣҲǺƺƵӡ
׸һǰӭӣ濴³ʱǰ˷ţţˤһæȥĵʣôˣˣҽмҽʦ׸ҲüǰͽݣʲôˡһСı˲£»˵ţǾ̴¡
׸˵˰ҽ˵תҪߣסͷһָȰҡͷˣû
׸Ѿɫ
Ҳ׹ˣһæ˶ԶˣȻŻһ󣬰Ѱ׸˵Źȥ
׸ͷãȻãһȥʲôȻ˵ҵʱӶϡͿģҲﶮźð
׸һ룬ŭ⡭ôѵ
ߺԷ޷ƽ
칫˵֮󣬾ͣ£ôܰأ
̫ˣ
̫ˣ
̫ˣҪʺˣô˽أ̫ˣ
׸ܲˣ
꣬ͼ칫ԸȥɣЩϤҲһЩˣгʦҵ³˵𣿡ͷˣȥԸҿֻһ˵ﻹϱиܻ̲͸ҰҲ͹ȥһʧˡ
׸磺
칫Ҳˣ˰ԽԸԣҪʵӭ³Ϊʺˣһ䣬ҵ¸̨һ˵
Ȼ⣬Ҳͷ˵û⡣үүʲô𣿡׸ѾȲķˣѵҪ̴£
칫Ҫ˵ӻȢ֮ǰҲи輿йһӣ˵ʲôˣ׸ָǸӺ͵һ˼ȥˡ
ˣЦ֮ǰ˵ˣҲ档
׸綼ԼǼرûرɵˣѵʺ󣿡칫˭һС£һӿ϶Ҳˣȥʺʲôϵأ׸磺Ŀ𣿡칫ԶЦˣ£칫̵ӡ
칫Ѱ׸еߣ˵ɵӣҪǽģƷԡò²١Ҫ࣬ϵŮĶˣѵܵʺ󣿡һ˵񡭡ǡ
׸ٻһ̼еʧ䣬ȴһµ
ԺУܵ˺ܺõд
֪֮µ澺͸չ˵úܺá
ҲһζĽģ㲻𱸡ǰ׸ˣҲҪ
˵ɡȥǰ۰׸һۡ
׸ȴǳŶˣǰѸУ·Ҫı꣬ȴˣˡ
ɰãʡ
һжá˵
ǹ֪ԼڹѾڳˡ˵
šͷʣ˻չǸʲôӦû
׸Ŀһۣ칫Ļʲôʹʲô
չѾŭˡ˵
һβУΣΣڽˡ
ܺãҲԸﲻ֪ӳʲôŵԸ⵱һƫԶСǵСֻ
漴ټ໨ӵܣֵǶټˡҲķǵĹ٣
Һˡ
ɻҲ󣬳ҲΪԼΪϵ
Ѿаʮ꣬ûϵˡϵͷֻڵϵ¡
ϵҲԼ
һʯǧˡ
ֻ֧˷ֳһͨݡ
칫ţչסˡǾ˵ڼͰѻҵĺü˸ˡ
˹٣ӡ֮󣬵ʥּ£д˵ЩƷﲻãΪȥ
ͽˣ⼸˵Ĺپûˡ
ȻһǵϽĶ࣬Ȼһ־óջʥּ̨֤ǳ˵㡪ĴȻûô֡
һ˷̵Դ侲ˣҲһ˿ҳɹӺ̲סЧ»ҡ
һʱͷ
Ѿѻʵѡ¸ѹȥˣ˭ܻʺ˭ӦĲѣʵѾѡĻˣֵǻңԼ·˸ӵĳ
û˾óŪȨʵϣڲŪȨѾܽ˳Ծˡǰһֱ˵ȵȥҲˡڵˣôʵ۵Ļʺûѡֲˣ
׸˵չڽһʦ˵չųһųԵȳ̨ʵϵӵ߸Ȩ
ڿڴ˸Ƿ
ⲻã
ȶһ㣬Щ۾̨Ĵϻȶһɣˣٳȥ


540 
ұԺĵڶ, ûгŻ, Ҳȫеˣÿ춼ٱ
׸绳ƭˡ
̬ȱˡ
濴̫, ֹû, ٹ£ͻˡٲȻȵ, ȥص·ҵĶ, Ҳˡһʱɡ
氵ֹǰûô۶ǰʵ
ЦŲ˵, , ɱ˵۾, ǰƻð׸⸱ȵӺܿɰء
ʵǴ
̨Ϳʼиǵĸ˰͵, ³Ҳ˹Ʒ, ӵǽ, ̫ˡ
ô, ǹг𣿡ҡͷ˵, ûʲô, ֻǵҹʵ۽ƶδ䣬˵ûǰɣ͹ȥҪ껹ֻһˡ
ãȻһ, ͷӦˡ
ְ³ͽĸҪ, дò, һ˺ܶ౻̨Ƴ籶±һƪȡֽ׸д׼ȥ³ĺظشֹ̩һꡣ
׸˵ƪظǲûӡ
С׸磺
ȡ³ӡȥҵӡô
Цӡ˵뿪ʱպ˼ʹӡϣԽ
ٺ˵ˣ׸Уָӡ㣬³ô죿
ӡȷʵڽУովǰ渳˸ӡ
ѵ³ӡ
𣿣
³¾ûһֹŮ˰ӡ
̫Ц˰ɣ
Ű׸ᣬԼʹ˸ɫԼɷߺú˼빤
ʽǣѹڵͬ˵һ˵ɡ
³һƬá
ȻڽߵʱһСͼ죬ͻȻʮԴԼӲӲѾˡ
ֽ˰ʱ䣬Ͼ˶ó뽪ϡԶΪýڲ
˶͸ˡ
ŽȰ˶һ٣ٽнֹһٸЩһЩݡ;ˡ
Ϊŵ̶̨Ӵ붼׬Ǯ˴³̨·Խ˸ǵ˰֮⣬³·׬˲Ǯ
Щķ³⣬ǿŽ齪ýһˣϢ߽
ȱǮˣ
˹ȻģнǺúϢ̨һ꿪ٻȥ
˵ҪҰ﹫İģ£ԷԸȥ졣
룬˵ȥһϵ˶˵ʲôɡ
Ǿ֪ڴ˵ӦþϢͨˡ
ľ£ãͲȥˡаһ͹ˣӦڹһ﹫
Ժĵ죬Ȼһ̫õ¡
֮ǰΪҪ޵꣬򡣱ЩûдսҲûʲô֣ذշϢ˿ģ˵һ򲻻ʲôӰ졣
ɾڣĵط붼פĵطغˡ
;ʵǺ
ĵط㰡ҵľҲмʮˣ˵ҪҲҪһذɣܻϣܻӣʮ͸ˮˡ
̨ʱҲûֻʮǰ˿ͳϰʥּ·˰ʱ
ûи˽͵ءʥּҲ˸ּۻۡ
ǰŽʥּͿʼҪǧټƶҪʥּϹ涨ϰҲһֻжһĸ޶ֻˣ׳УǵǶӶߣʱֻ˵ȵʱٰ˷Ż
˵ô˵˵Ĳˡ
򣬴Ұ£ҼҿջŮ˶ܹˡ
ȰˣͱΪˡеĳǱߺŽкãҲеĳǿءô˵Ҫ׼оơȻЩүǲߣڱΪΪô죿
ԸǸϽҶǮˮ͵ӪȥҪߵĶ̲͸ߵҲȰߣģλȥ
ЩطٺãܺġҲеĳѾӪ£ҵıԵǵıҪǮôͨЩǴűأݸҪ
ͱ˽걾õ˰ʱ䣬Ǯ٣˽̨ߵġ

Ϊܿľֱ˵СظΪ֮ǰ͹ˣ˰Ͳˡ
ûĲ֪ǼҲſûӣǿ޵ľǡ˻ˡ
ֱԱҲ඼ἰˡܶ죬ʹǹȺ
ȻǺܻսġ
һһĳĳ˥˰ǹ⣬ơ
һʮ죬춼ȥÿһǣĸأãüһһ¸ʵ۵˰ˣ
ֱŰ
ǻʵۣʱ͸ñȺ֮ˡʵۣ˶֪¡Ϊ˸ǳ
˵Ҫ޵ġ˵ľͷ޲
޴֣ҲûʾͻȻҪ޵꣬Ҳ˵Ǵǵ徲
Ƿǵ֮١
ڴܿ࣬ɼȻǵ
ôأȻڳǾͳˡ
칫һֱڡУֻöȻΪȻһҪϱ볯ϴˣƻˡ
û£ʼ˵ͱұܣ˻ɼҹȻ
⿴ĳƨ
ȻȻʼһһ˵ĳĳǣּܵĺˣʹʲôΪһʲôʲô˳Ϊĳ·ǻҵı
ôʮ죬һһģסˣٱ̨׼ҳ˵˵ûȻѻҸˡھˡ
ϼ鸾˵
ǹ˵ǣó˵
æǸӦһ泯˵û˲ָڳǰԡ
֮ͷöҲŵԿʼо֮Т˳֮٣ȻԴ𳤹֮ˣ泼
ĽųȻ
Ȼʱ̫̣Ӳ࣬һʱûȷʱѾȫȻĻʵ۵ˣһЩ˵ֿȻĹΣȵ۶Ϊˡ
ȻŭȴҲ޿κΣֲܰѽϵ˶ץֻöŻѾѪָ˻ҼѾεġǵһЩ״ץˣˣˣνľӣȻյԼˡ
ʱѾ൱һˣһԸȻ
һʱȻĲ֮廨ŵ˵ǡӦоСȻΪǵСҲţ־ۻᡢĻᣬͷβУҲȻȵ۵һǧ˰˵
칫ţȻԹۣûв֡
ȷʵҲּһĻĬ֧֣ԭҵ˶ʼȻҲʼ侮ʯ
ϾȵʵҲ
֮ȻΪ¶Իʵ۲··Ѿ϶ûס
ýζ
Ȼб٣á˾ͲǲˡȨȴܶס˵죬˿Ļᣬ˼˵칫˷ˡ
ձȴֻվŰζȻһܡ
ۼȻͻ񻨼һϢ֮ʱȻȻȻĳлȥˡ
ڵѩ󱻼˸̧˻Ϊ˵ȻϵĹʵʱͻȻһףȻˣȴûȻⲻ˵ȵȻŭҲԭȻԭ£ʱˡ
Ȼû˵ȵѾԭȻĲ֮ˡ
ȻҲˣ˵ǡС˼ѹʡ
ϾͲ˵дǡ
·Ȼһ֣ȻС꽫ʱ򣬳˵Ҫ򻨻ᣬûһվ˵ѩĻлȫӦţҪȥ̨ͻ
ұԺŶӣ󶹸˵չúݵİѳһɵɣ
̨Ѿж̯ˣֻ˸³ʳ³ʳǶҲ³ʳ
ðɣһ
׸粻ҿĶӣһ۶һԲ⣬ȴŤʲôҲڳԶ³ʳóԣ칫Ҳϲúܡ
׸粻ףе㸴ӣ͵ֻǸͷ꿪ظֲ㣬˰˾·ݾͻᱨˡԣչꡣ꣬Ͳ泯˵ˡ
޵꣬ȴʹؿգִҪˡ


541 ѩ
ѩ׷ɡ
ķ̨ʮ겻Ĵѩ, ѩѳ֣ó, ̨¾вͨܺˡ򲻳ˮ, ûٴӳͲ̿, ѩѹ˷ӣס·Ȧļţ򶼶ˣƶ˱
סڱԺȻˣҲܵӰ졣һ磬һѩԶһ, ȻŵĽͱ˺š׷
ˣˣ
Ůȥ, Ժһ˹Ǳѩѹˡҵ, ɲͨõ, ѹɼѩж
ȻҲûôѩæʣˣ˵ιպ棬ұѹ, ҹʱ˻ûȳˡ
治˵͸Ͻһȥ, Ҫۿ˱ȳ
, Ҳͬȥ
֪һֱѩ, ûУѩȻѾô
˳˽ιȥʱǰѾм˺ͺڿ޺ţ˵֡
˰Ǹ˺ͺӶ³ȥźᣬοˣǷģһǾȳġв⣬ҲģһǷᣬҲúչǵġ
ȴڿѹǵѩѩһ˸ߣһǶˡЩѩ˵ûտһ㡣
æԸȡҽȽ׼ţЩȳܻж˻ۡǰûϢϡ
ҽҲˣ׼˵ܺˮҲҩŵŨҵĽζ˵ȸ˶һ뽪ɡ
˸ʢȹ˶лָڽûĽ˵ⶼǹ⡣
ЩֶԽ¹ߵͷ
ܿͰ˸ȳˡҵһñѩѹ棬ѾˣһȴǱµķһȻȣҲѩĿű̧ʱⱻ̧ͽл޶²ͣĿͷҽһҩ˴ҴҴˡ
ص칫ǵҲˣ˵ûǻȥȻϼ죬Ϳ϶߲ˣһᱻڱԺУѩ·ȫסʲôҲȥ
ȥһԺеĸ׼˻˵ĶУֻˮˣУ̿ˡ
ٹգ˵Ҳֻܺˡ˿Ц˵󲻳ˣ̿ҲŲ˼ˡȰǻؼҰɡ
浣ĵĿŽĴӣҪȻüͶɡ·ҵĻ¡
ϣھߡ
ѹǵѩһֲԤС
Ԥ·Ӧˡ
Ϊҹ·⣬ǵڶ峿˱Ժϵȥ·ϵĻѩ·ʱͱڰ·ˣһƬããѩͷߡ
ѣ˻رԺ
ŵҲܾȣʱϵѩֻǱһ㣬ôһҹ֮Ͱ·ûˣ
Ҳûо飬Ժֻˣ׸ǰջسǣΧȻҵĵ̣ҲūҲһ֪
ʱԺܼңڸôã
Ժܼ˵֮Ѹټϸ׳ׯΪá
澪ѵе𣿡Ժܼҵ캮ѩⲻ·
ʽߣܼҲһͬ򽪼
׳ǰԺΧеѩ˵
ܼʣĬʣԹڶԶ֮Ժ
ܼҲĬˡ
ûٶԣͽһҾʹҴҳȥˡ
ܼ˲˵浣ǵѵ˻𣿻˭أЦΪ˻лѩģˣܷˡ˲ҲҪ尡Ȼ֪ʲô˾ԺѩΪݾܷǽ룬ǾͷʤˡûôĻ
ұׯȫԻǹģֻʶųΣաĿǰܵׯɱһ³Ӧò࣬Ŀǰûаκ˵¡
׳ܿټˣܼ˺ܼ򵥵һУڴǰ׳һ
ȻֻͨĲףҲȫСһµˡ
ǿʼѩ
һ·ܼѸұţ˵ͽ
ΣҪָԺ䡣ԺȻ㹻̿㡣
ɽйܼҷҹҲ㹻Ĳ̿
ʱԺһ˹˵³롣
ܼûԥĻĶӣ׼ȥ·ȥ
Ķ˵ףһαô֣أȥ뽪úϢʲô£ҲҪҪ˰ɣȥС
ܼ˵Ȼôܸɣﶢǰѩɣ겻ȥ˶˾˯
ӴΪ⣬˵ˣ
ܼҿ֪Ⱥú÷ʡɡ
ܼһ·ͷŹ滹ͽһǰͷͳȥˡ
ܼҸҵͷʲô¶ԷԸСˣСȥ졣
ЦûʲôֻԺеĲ̿Ӧò˰ɣ³һȡůĺöúã㵽³ȥһЩĲˣȥĹǿǱߵûˡоһЩ
ܼû뵽³Ϊ˸⣬бҪԸС˵ģҲǲһ̴ӸСһͬȥС˱ضᱣƽġ
룬˵һѣǣӦڳУŸͶ˵һжãصҡ
ܼ˳ˣȥ棬ǰŮ˵ȥ°ɣ˵ûʲô÷Ըġ
ֻܼˡ
ûе󣬿ɫ磬ͳȥ׳ӹ֣׼ǡ·ҲһЩˣٳᣬѩػǿԵġ
˼۳ȥʱĶӿˣһȴûõӦֻŹܼˡ
ܼȻ˳ǡֻʱ·˰죬ƻʱŽǡܼȻҼ칫˵˱Ժ˵˽¡
칫ܵŮڱԺ᲻Σգͷ˵ھȥЩ³̡ȥԺͰ׸磬ͽһȥ
ԺͰ׸ܿ쵽ˣһͽûлܳԾҲܵġ׸˵ͻȥ֪͸ûȥˣ˵մҴתˡ
˵ȥһǰɡ
칫ͷӦõġսӦ빫мΪܵĹϵҪԳݡʲôֻҪҪģԴ
ҽǺףֻ˼ʿӾۼĵطҵˡ彭ԺʵǸ¥¥Ҳи輿輿ʿǾۼ￪ĻΪ
³˵ֵģû˵Լ³йء
һ˽㣬ǣţʱˡ
ǲʶԣ־ͷӦˣӭҾΪ˶ܿ
ǶΧֵ˵˵ңҵģλи㣬˵˵
ҲһͬУŶ˳ȥҲԶ
ֻðŴ򿪣˿ΣȻŴⶼվˡ
˺ôվԺȥˡ
ЦԺ;Ҵ鴫
ҡͷЦѡҪҪᵽȥסܵ㡣
һ
ԣô˵
̽
ҡͷ˵˵ѧģоеﻹû꣬Ͳȥ칫徲ˡ
£ݡӦöһ֪
ȻĻûвĿǵͷ˵ӺαǫãҲǵչ˲ԼɣӼȻȥңҾüչ˹ӰɣȻ̫£湫տǿԵġ
־ˣγΪԼĽҪ͵ˣǸڼʲôͬҵ¡
ðҹӣǰҲûɡ
ʣҺüûȥ̽ˣ֪ôˣԺﶫɶȫʲôҪҰæģǧҪ
˵ҵȸ㣬һжã㲻Ҫġָҵȥ³̴ú
Ц³úģ³ֳú
Դ״ʣ³ܳ𣿡ЦϲúֳǳҾͲ֪ˡӦõӦøЩ
ԼҲʲʲô˲뿪
صң칫һ˵Ϣ
³̴ȷú
١ֻǰûùһֱûҲûóҴȥʣǲóȴҲ϶Ҫۻܼ͡˵ѵϵӴ򿪣óһƴԲĿף˵³ú˵ţŽ¯УһС̿ȥãͼúˣյüмĻȴһֱϨҲ٣̿Ҫٵöࡣ
칫˵նá˵գСպȥ
һúһʱɺڱңʱͨ죬ǻǱһ
յȫɻˣúͣš
칫߹ȥ֣һ߿һ߸̾ö
˵ȥ³вܶ٣
ԣǽȷʵô˵ģزģԵͷô˵ģδġ
칫˵ҲȥʣдҪ


542 ѩѹ
׸ڵڶһ˱Ժ, һž͵ˣҹģðѩ, Ҹݻ˵, ǻ˰ϵ·, ǿǿϤ·, ǿԶҲҲׯ
㹻ʳ̿ͺҩġ
þ͸Լˡ
һĻҲвٶ, ۾񱻷紵⣬ײ, ᲻ֹ
ԺԱҽȻûιֲҽó
ĸҽ˴ǵĵ⼸ռҹû, ҹͣҩ
ΪԺϺܶûôѩ, ѩ˵̫, ʼֻ۾, ȷʱѾһƬˡ
׸۾û£ֻǾܺ, , ҩ, ֹס, ϸ˵˳еΡ
Ҳ칫һҪȸ߹ġ
ݰ׸˵, ̨·ǳá
Ѿöûôѩ, ѩһҹ֮, ֮ǰƮЩѩеС꣬û䵽ϾͻˣûЬأȻ˵㣬ȴҲǹȥ
׸˵磬ҿѩ·ǴЩ
ѩʱˣƬ׷תۼͻ˺һ㣬˼
׸統ʱϲòУѣһѩϯƪƵ
˵˼ҹ˯˯ţͶˣһϴ٣ȫˡ
еǱѩţеǸûô˻Ȫ·
Ժ߳ţھԽմţû˳кĵȥھӼţֺ󣬽ϳʼҰ˶ŷҹˣ١
ס࣬ƶªŴزϣǱ߻аֵķӶѩѹء
طҲжģңҲ˷
׸ҡͷŻڳǽء
Ѿȥˡȥˡ
Ƭ̣ʣ칫ʲô취𣿡
֪칫ΰ
׸˵ǰ칫ʹúൽҪʱ䣿úֻ¾Ȳ¡Цú˶Թˡ
ѵ칫ֻ뵽һú
һʳҩ칫ֻҪúʲô
ȵȡ
뵽һڵõİ취
칫𣿡һ³ʵ
׸˵ҲûͷʱʦѾˡ̾һϣⳡܰЩɡ
˵ͼˣһ仰úúҩ壬㡣
صѾˣڵֻ˵ӾõĽǶϽһ룬ȴص˽̨Ҫ򵥵Ķ࣬Ҳö࣬ıҲСĶࡣ
仰˵ͳν׼ҪСĴٰۣһδpartyðǵõľ裬лָԹ޵أⲻǺֵõ
£Ŀ˼
Ϣͨ·Ҳߣ֪ôˣȻǵǣ񱸱ֺʳӦöȱ٣вǲܵġ
ԣ費ҪҲٰһŮһ¹ǵˡ
ǣŮ
ҵһ·ͷŹģ޴ʺ죬ӭչ졣
ǰŮ̴ӣȫǰƾٳĳÿҲ׳꣬ǸԱȻһߵİգȫϵĹš
мһ޴Ķܰװȥ
Ż
һʱ̴ǾͰѳɴĹ׵УİշһľȺ궯ʿǺֹסˡ
̴֮Ӳͣﵹʳдըƣһ͵˺ͽͣƮɢȥȺȴԽԽ£գǹһ㳳ӵҲûзֱеʳá
˵ŮµʳʳԹ֮󣬼ʽԶǣʹֻҲԶǣϵĲҲ޹أҪԶ̷Ůͻõıӣ
Ƕ˺ںŮ
֮ԷַʳһʳﵱȻιˣҲȡ֮ߣ׼㹻ʳ˵˶Աһǹġ
뿪ʱѾˣŮǰȻڼݡ
صã̴̶ҩ½ʪѥιҩ˵ͣضм˵һƬġ
ЦһЦҪЩֻҪһжãıȹԤĸãͻʶˡ
ǻѩΪˮôˣʡ
ˮǴ򲻳ˮˣֳɵѩ𣿸ҴѩѩˮҲһã˺üƪ֮ˮ޸֮ˮǺεȵ󣬽˵ӽڼʱһƪأϣܴЩ˵ԴûˮͲˣѩ˲ˮ𣿣
ֻҪ¼µĹԱСеĶ˵ˮ޷ˮаˮ޷;޵ݡ
ôôˣ
ͷֲ֪ѩȡˮ˻治٣ֶǣ
ֻý޸֮ˮװУȡ֮ٷʳι˵
֪ҲˮҲܳԡ
̴˵ѾڿˣѸѩ˹ȥˣѾѳѩɽˡ˵ôŲҲ𣿺αػҪڿӣ
ڿӻô죿ǲɷˮˣﲻ³ô̴ӵԴһ£ҲǸţ
̴æ㿪ӱˣҩúϢɣ²Ŷأ
˵УһҪдһţʱ͹ȥ
̴˵ӺβȥжҪȥ죿һ˶á
ҡͷЦҲȥŶԣΪһŰ⹫Ƕһߣϲˡ
̨
칫дˣ˭ȥǸ⡣׸粻УԲУҲС
ȥһȻڸʲô֪Ȼڡ˼
ס
˵Խ࣬ԽˣŰѳһɵء
ðץȨȻҲĿͷϣһֱ칫ʹȻ칫ҲһֱƲˡ
ðͷˣȻȻϣ̨ϵۣٶһ˳Ҫһѳɵ
칫̾һӵ˵ֻ£Ҳһ󶼳ʲôˡ
Կ˵ȥɡ
칫ҡͷ㲻СѡδΪͷ˵ˣҪ֮ǰԾðͷ
룬ȥˣǰٰ㽻ֻ˵̵Ļһ䶼Ҫ˵˵ࡣ
Ӧȥ̨ˡ
˽ˣ¹شܵ
˴ӦţͰˡ
칫ô
˵ˣһЩˣѾ˳ȥˡǻ֪顣
칫˵ܿ
¹ؼ룬͸ҪΪǼ룬ͱҪʵּҪʵ۵ӡڳУֻʵֻּһѡ
ˣͬˣͰʥּٳһ飬ӡˡ
˵ҪҪһ£칫룬ҡͷǲˡ
ҲϲðƾͻУҲʲô¡
칫˼죬̨ʲôʥּҲ𡣷̨ȴѾҰףˡ
һƬУٰ򻨻ٿˡ
Ů죬Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬˳ǰ
صýģϵģһ˿Ҳ͸ɿȴڶ
һŮܣĸ˵ǻȥɣҽĲȥ
ÿ·Ϳ֬ÿΣﻹһ裬ǽѳɵļٻ
򻨣Ȼֻмٻ
ĸҡͷ˵УȥҲȥǲΪԼȥģΪ˼ȥģĽȥ𣿡ŮȦˡҹѩһãһܵܣСܵܲ£ôˣСܵһȥ
ͷҲȥЦʲôСû꣬ǻһϷôûˡ
ĸᣬ˵סģҪסǺŮҪ
Ů̧ͷ
ĸ͵úãĸ׻Ϊ㽾ģҲΪ㽾ġ
Ůս֣ʳǾ仰ˣѾˡ
ȥµķ𣿡ĸ׳Ĭˡ
Ůתͷʣ¿ܡǸ𣿡ڷ̨£ڷ̨£ӼűµĹ³Ȼ֪½ʮˣû˼úõģΪʲôˣ
һŮеű£ΪǶпܻΪºеһԱ
Ҳ˵ţǻɡ޸¿ܲá
ĸûлشתͷᡣ
ŮʵӦңȥˣֻһȥȥˡ
ĸûлشڿ̨Ĺʱ˵ͷ


543 
յķ̨, һױعˮ
ԴӳʹδҪ, 򻨻ᡣһƬ֮, ǧĻ䲻Ϊ
ɨɾ, Աߺѩȴδֺ, ᣬȴֱ̹ǣ֮ˮ, ֻԶ۵, ǽ˰֡
ֻ̫ˣȻͥԺа򻨻ģϧ, ֻƵڵ
ڵУһյû磬὿Ů, , ˴ЩŮǰ߹ͻ, Ҳˡ
˭֪һ򻨻Ϊʲô, еЦ, еڷӭ, Ҳе˳Ĭ
ŮҲټϲɫмдᡣ
һʼˣ˸һҲҪˡĽŲԽԽɫҲԽԽãվڵ룬ǰһŮʲôŮһ˵͵ˣĸ˶ʱҪŮ͡
˵ʵ
Ů裬˵ūĸǰȥˣūūĸʵѻЦˡ
üŭȻ˻Ͳý
Ůʩһ񣬱Ǹſ첽ȥˡ
ҲĲͻתˡһߣеֹȻ֣ղٵĻջ˲ʧˡһЩŮ׷ųȥһЩ˾ǰԼҵŮˡʣµľǼȲߣҲ׷ģʹů紺ҲĹһ
򻨻ᵽ׻ǿȥˣſʮ죬ѡһʮλŮպ󶼻̨ʵϲǣͻΪˡʵ۵ķûжģپͷ١ȵλ٣Ҳʮء
ԹѡŮķʽ£ңһп˵൱ˡȻֶ˼׷칫ȥҲ֡ˣܿʥּϰٴεĲ󣬶һվм룬֮󣬵ȻͲôѩ֣ôˡ
ѩôôأһôͻأһа֮һҹ֮ôˣⳡһҪǳʢС
˼ʥּҪ붼Ҫټ룬һҪϲС
ļƷʢļƷţΣѡ˼
ټ꣬һΪû޺ãȵ۲ûбӴûбӴ۵İա
ʥּ£Сеͷʹ˵ʷǸ裬˵һγʷɹĻʮָͷˣôֵˣ춼лأ
ʵ۰ʥּҪ䳭¼ݣԭּҪλ˹ۿڳݣ˭зݿ˭ûݿҪʷȥжˡ
С鲻Һκһһݣռһݣëһݣһݡ
ëڼȻӵʥּչһһͷ裬˵ڶͷۣ˵ֱӴˡ
칫칫ëѴСеĽ칫Ҳڿʥּüͷһɱһա
ɱ˳
ȻĺɵŮˡ
ʥּʲôˣԸĶ
ȵۡöʮ꣬ûôš
һжǴ޵ʥּʼġһʥּóĵӱˡ
û뵽ĵӻô
ëһ侲ˡ
ʥּŻغëѻﱧŸһĺӣЦҲŵˣëѵͷ̾Ǻã칫ʥּȥҾҪ£׿ʱ´Ǻ⡣
ëһ˿ˣȻǶ³˻ʵ⣬Ϊһֱúúõġ
޷ûʵ۳ġ
Ȼµ⣬ëѻǲ
һû£Ժ󡭡
ܲһΣԶȥĽǳΪжǱѳ׵ѹȥ
칫֣Ȼڱͻ칫һƷȻ֣칫ҲӣһȻëԼҲ֮˰
ҪҪȥһչëѵ
ǰôͨɹʶһѳɱǹǶλҪһֲŶԴҶá
칫ҡҡͷ˵չδػţȵȵȰɡ
ȣȵʱأ
ëϡͿˡ
칫ëߺָ૵¡¡¡ʮ¡ʮһ¡Ѿˣٵ¾ˡ
칫Ϊˣû뵽Ů빬İңӳ֪ʥּ֮ûоȻͬͽּͳ˳ǡ
һºѾ磬·ϵĻѩҲƳ̨ǵĽͨҲʼָʱű칫֪¡
һССߣȻ˴󵨣
ھѰץҲûˡ
칫룬˰´Ȼ
Ȼŭ˴ӰҰѰץ
æȣٰ˵
Ȼأڼҡ̴ӾװģȥռҪˣȻȻû
̴˵ҪҲ޷ֻǼǵãлҪ
ǶȻ˵ôûϵ
Ѿּۻˡ
Ȼ˵кҪ٣дʣʺ
Ȼ⻰һ˵ǲˣ
̴üƾȻչʱβһ
Щ̺Ѿǰһˣһҵߵĺӣһ֪ԣǲȻġ
Ȼҡͷл̴ӣʱҲˡ
ˣ̴ߺͶ԰̣ŰʥּǴӻʵۿġȻǴӳġ

ʵ۵ʥֻּɻʵԼų·ôһ˵أ
ʵʥּˣûأǻҪôû֮ǰͰ䲼ȥˣ
һҪǰ֪ͨһ֪ͨһǰʱʲộܴٱҪʲôʽӭ
ѵҪ
ڶֻ˵Ҫ룬Ҫ˼˼ôѡӺδѡʲô˲ѡѡƷ¸֮˻˳
ȵҲԣȣΪȣںı߸ʢ󣿼ƷȵȣⶼҪ
ûþͰʥּȥİǺξģΪεд˴ȴϹ٣Ϊ£
˵˭ָʹģ
̲¶ǳ֮⣬ʵ޹ġ
ԳûʲôģֻҪѳӳҲ
˵֮ȻͲɱˣҲô
νġڴѩ֮бû߼ǣȻֻʡסû뵽Ҫȥ׷͵ȥԽԽԶ
ұԺУӡ
ǽ׼Ժĺõġ
ҽȥһ
ʱûҽܿ£ʵҲûҪҽ˵ҽȥţЦŸͣŮӱ˰ﲻæֻԼ
о飬һ
ʱ㺦𣿡룬˵֮ǰµúܣ룬ʱ֪ںʲôҲˣһˣǸӣͿˡȴһأŮ
ĶԽ˵ҲҸӵʱҵأ꣬ǶңˡҵʱѪ齶ʪء
ᣬʱǳӦģǸʼҽˣŵһ¡
Ҳһ£ôôңŮԣֵĵȫ˰ɣʱʱеñҡһ֣ʱģڻָӡء
ִȥ˵ٻˣÿض˵ҰڵˣǿӣҶ͹ٻضˣ
Ů˵ҾҪǵã㻹ˣ
Ů졣
Ůû»ȥҲŲҪˣ
סŮĸ첲ҾҪң
Ůҽô𣿡
ŮùߣȥȻֱڲ࿴˺ۣһָץġ
Ҳţǳۣҵʱʲô֪Ҫ֪ˣ϶ץ㡣
Ů˵㵱ʱ֪ʲôԼͷЩҧˣһֱ˵ˣҪˣ˾㣬ҧѪץһѪҵʱֻͷҧˣͷȲ˵ɻŷӶѪ͸ˡ˵ź޺޵һѣ⻹˵Ҫ
氥Ӵһͷһ£һµ˺
׸պýһ͵ĿһĻ


544 
תǰ굽ˡ
øⲻͬ
Ϊչ, 칫, ڱĴ, ивٸһ泯ңէһ̨Ѿˡ
Ҳһ硣ǰֻϲϲŮԼڹ֣ȴϲ, һǳ, еŮ, ȫϯϣ֣Ӱ쵽ڣƺ, ʮֵ, Ҳٰ޼ɡ
ϲ
˰뱲ӣͷһηֿô֡
ǰ׻ˣ
ϲ̨, һЦ, һ, һ𿪿ĵġԶԶȥźء
ֹһ˿ģӭٵҲܿġΪǺܶʹ͡أ飬λ, ȫȥ
Ů˵ô, ȻϲЦտ, أ
ȻǴ;͹ˡ
öϻʲôģ
һּԶ˵Ĺ٣һּԷϲ˵١
Сĳʷͺܿıˡ
ĿɿڴĿűһʮ꣬߸߾ʥּйΪ˴ӽ𣬾ĵˡ
С˵ѹڣ壬ĳȥˡǰûѰղų¼ʥּȥû취Żԭλˣֻ͵ˣǿʥּһҲܿ챻֡
û뵽Сôʹ죬С߳ˣĳһ䣺ȥĶС˵ĳȽְȻó
͵㲻̽ҪԸңҾ£㡭飡
СǺЦ֣ˣ˵̨ʱر졣
ڿԻؼˣ
ԣҪȥؿɲǹ٣ʥּĹٸˣˡˮת
ұԺУ˶Ҳ벻ҾȻһ׸ŮĲ٣СѧģһҪ̸ŹشأһѧͶˣΪ̬Ź۰е졣
ͺһһΪб£ʵǹ˫ֱǵ̬˽󺹡ֱð̫ʺ˿
ŶӣоƼΪЧĶı󼡺ȣͷʱһʹ
ԱŮ֡ùģ˲֪ϸֻĻƻΪʲô¡滺ĽŹӣһߣ͸ž˫״Ҳ񻮴һϸǻ˫־ʹһ󻮻ٻо٣ŸҲվֱˡ
ٸɵĶһˡ
Ȼ϶Ǻȴرֻۣɵ泩С
ջˡĶܴӱ𴦵õȴδء
֮ҪȻ裬ŮͰĦ
꣬ȥˣ۾˵׸ڵ
϶£û߹Сȥˡ
̵ĹȥĸɾֻͰ׸磬˶һࡣ
ôˣˣ£ǰûʳǰѷɣ߳Ա˵
׸ȴҡͷ˵ȥ㲻ҪΪʲôڴ˻װ㻹ڣû뿪
һۣɫţŭͱˣȴҲܼᶨĶͷ
˼Ƭ̣ͷ˵ҵأ
׸˵һߣĿľǰǴߡʱҲһߡ
б䡣
нԴҲ벻ܳʲô£µľǡ칫ˣô˵ʱɫҲˣҾͲߣҪط̨ʰ׸磺ԭȥ׸˵ʦû£İɡԭ͹ȥǡȻȥԶ˵㣬ҹ·һܽƽ͹ȥ·ϻ̫ߡ
ҡͷط̨߰ɣ·˵
ߵŮʱͻ·ٹƤãէһҲԲ
ڰ׸һ̣ͶŮʱѾǻƻˣɫް⼸ΪʡʡͣͥԺѾٵ㳤ĻˣֻѲҹл
÷ǡ
Ͱ׸׸Ĵ˾ŵԱ·һ㶼ơ
û׸绹ͦġ
׸մԺϳ׸˸ˣ׸Ĵ˺ĳҲˡ
һ̧ͷҪֵ˷ǰһж𣿡ů㡣
ͷ˳׸ҲҲˡůն̽ɵ˵ǷԼ˶ˣû򣬵ȻϵһŽǵĵǹ˳ٰһȥѹϹѾˡȻӢ
һ¾Ƿ˹ְİǵǾ⣬ֵԺװ޸֮ĹԹԱ˸ץˣץǵ˰ǸϵһǻϺ˶󣬾ͷѡץǵ˸ץˣȻڷ׸磬Ǹѵʣײˡ
ʧЦѰ׸⿪ǰ׸ҳģ⿪ô¡
ůȥ˻в嶯˶ṭͷϾйء
׸ζӳ¡
棬׼õĳѾȫ˹˺͸ûƢˡ
ٶˣȫ˺ʹۣôһжùǹģ˻ʿ
ȰοǵǸǰģ׸ƽ³칫ֶΣһ룬Ǵ߽
㣬˵˵һͨˣЦֲңǸжǾȡ
û뵽׸г֮İ
ԭһġ
׸һֱӿ˳ۣƷ²õΪʺ󡣵¶ΪԼʺ󣬶ڳԽԽ֮ҸᶨʺˣҲͽʵ
ôӸ
ڶʱȻû취󣬿϶Ҫߵġ
ĿľǲӸ˳Ϲϵ뵽Ĳ֮١
ǵĸ߹ݺѪͳֲӵȥҪǸңƫԶһ㣬ʳ㣬Ҫ㹻ĽС
òкʵһֱѰҿɿĸͥ
ڣҵˣ˳ȥ칫棬˳һ
칫һ˵̫Զʡ
׸˵˵ĻĽ಻סĸԣȥ̽Ļ¶ڡ
칫˵Ƿ
׸ͺˣ˵ⲻھڽƤӵպ뺢ˣ͹ⲻУ̫ˣҳʲôˣǵȥˣԽýʺĲѣܽҹ򽪼
칫ɵһ΢Ц˵һ⺢ӵܶڲ˵Ƚϻʺ֮͸˵ˡ
׸ͷȻ
칫˵ڶĸ֮Ļ֪ôĵطŻģҲøܣ
׸ŵͷѾ̫ˣ޼ˣȥʲô
칫˵󣬽ˣ죬ͨŮ˲һɲУǣŷݵߣԷ֮١һϻʺ֮󣬸ƵմӾͿ̰
׸Ŀɿڴ
ԭǸв
칫˵ҷν˽ӾΪгһտԿ
칫˵ǶԵġ
˭ܱ֤պû˻ôӴӽʺϻȡô
˭֤ҵģ֤Զɻ֮
׸綮칫㡣Ҳ칫Һȥƣ˵ˣôԼңܱȺôڱá
׸ܲȥһĸӡ
Եǳ칫Ҿͼ˶ȫͻȻ֣ʵҲô£칫Ҳôȱʧֻǡ
ʲô
ϡκֶζǿԵġ飬ĸԣһӸʱͰĸߴߣ̵׽ңȻĸ׽вȡ
ĸӾ̫ɱˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ԣѽ͵ˡ
˵һУȴĻΣһиеİ׸磬һ֣£ð׸Ըаο
˵ҿģҲͳһ£Ѻá
ģٴð׸һ㡣
Ȼͳȥ·ˣŻҪˢ
ߺůĬò˵Ǹӡ
ͷմʱŷְ׸Ǹӣû޴칫֮ʱĺӣһĵе޵ľӡ
˵㵽칫ôѺʱиҡһڣаҰѺͻظ
ûϵ׸ô
ᡰѡҡ
ʵҲǱѣеģǡǡҽ̵ġֻ칫ԼûϵѰ׸̵ôá


545 Ļʵ
ĵĻ˷̨
֮˵ĵģΪ˵˹ŵǴǽ, ˷ȥ, , ҡڵĽȥˡ
ԴԺ󣬴˴ҲˣҲܹˣʣһӡٻ, ſ, ѼҾ߰ɨɾ, ϱ죬ᣣͱͷʼˮ
ӳﻻʱ, ѾůˡůһɾС̴ȥů, ˵ʱֻˣ
ǸС̴ϴɾ͵, ȥ, С̴ŵıס˫, һ͸ˡ
ЦģС̴˵Ǵﱻůƭģ
С̴ӿɲ³ģ³ĶǳˣСʮС
ǰ׸µʱϳ, һ㲻ǰ˰𣿡
˰˺͸, ˵Ӧġ
֪һҵĺӡ
׸ҡҡͷ, Խ˵ʲôҪ£˵ɡѾˣû
˵Ҹ칫ðɡ㣬˵вġ
׸磺ôвҵģȻץסвİ
׸ųȥˡ
ʱѾˡõĶʳú̿𣿲ȥȡ
ů˵泵أɲܷɡʱԵĺȵյõģġδ
ʧЦ˵ȥһ˰ɣȥҶС飬ȥһǣǲ֪òҡ
ů˵Ҳҵһˣڷ̨Ҳûٵطȥȥ
ҾϢˣ˰潪ů㰵ʾ԰˰˺һ㡣
ð˰˲ڣů㣺ô˼ҼҵĺӹˣůЦеģˣ˰ǹԸͶЧ
˵˵
ůôĺӣѾŽҵˣ㲻ҪСǿĲŴġ
ԭһһģǸСӡ
ڶϣŷְ˰һҹû˯һֱ¯ӡƤҲɪɪ
𴲺˵ҪǲȽҵıůů
˰ҡͷҪ𣿡
ͷˡ
ȥŽˣһů糿ϴĶˡ
ϴ󣬿˵ȥ˯ɡ
ůЦʣ˰ҹ̵ÿɺãֻˮһ壬ùȥůҪȴûպñ˸ãǰȫʪ͸ˡ
ȫЦ
ЦŶ԰˰˵ڣůȥ·Ȼȥ˯ȥԵģ
˰æ˵Ҫʲôȥůû죡
һЦůĨһϵˮЮŰ˰˳ȥһ˵Сôͻἷˣȥ˯ľֻĶ㶮𣿡
·ù緹˹˵ˣƺǿĴˡ
ʲôˣЦ˵֪ʲôˡ
֪ʲôʲôˣ
һǸսŮȴŮһˡ
ǽģæԱš
ʲôĵģϤϾ֪Ƿ̨ա
Ц£Ǵʲô£
ǽţ˴Ⱥַˣʼ˵
ԭġڳϲˣ˵ҼҴų򿪵״̬ˡǶǸżģμӳᡣ
ЦʣҲ𣿡һŴ춼أ
ϲᣬ춼Уҹͣҹһֱᡣ
Ὺ˾ͻغȥϢμ˳ԱͿʼڷ̨۹ˡ˾Ǵӳ۹ġ
֪ס³˼ζûˣʮֿϧԽ쿴̾ҹˡ
˵³Ҫʺģں񵱲ˡ
ڳϲԹˣԹǰ˵³ڿ³ͨԹˡ
øߣŴƤãڵúܺáע⵽Щ˵񣬾ͿԱйȥߵ˺ܻ䵱档
ĶӾ¶ˡ
׵˵ȫɳˣһʱưˣȸղſϻ֡
Щ˾ͻȻøнˣȻʹҴҸˡ
ϣϢܴ̼óһЩ
ķӦ죬ӦԼʤڵţ˵Լɱ
Ѿ˯ˣڱõϢʤò˵꣬ʣôɱңɱ
ʤҡͷȥ¡
Ȼûʵɱһв൱ֻлʵɱŻڸǴ£κ³ôġ
Լļƻպýʤڣڳɹ𣿡
һֱʤֵûʲôӦһԵ¶˶ĵı飬ҡͷЦ˵̫˳
ʲôѱƽ˵ǰ̱ϴʱ̽ȷǸǿģҪȻϱµĺӡҰѱ°ȥ£ҲûʲôӦֻڿޡһͣǲܸӦġ
üޣʤ֮˵һ䣺ֻһӡ
ýԻʵ˺ġýʤͬ飬ʵ۵ĴһܲѰ
ԼȥͣҪʵ۸ʱ̤С
ůںӦԷһ
Լļƻѽȥ󣬽ʤѻʵ۷ſȻһǰţһӺ뿪ǰŶѽһĻʵ۵¡
룬ʵ۱ַɵϲˣڻʵ۱̺ǶôãֶſӦûӷŶԣһܽ
Լ߽ʢͳߵĹ
ǳǳֻõһԻʵ۳ϣܹĿ֣ܹҸ
ʲôûˣռˣֻõҶͻѩ
Լ߹ʱѩһСĽӡɰ
˱ˣ޾ͱˡ
Ϊʲôûأôʡ
Լǰ棬Ϲ磬⻰һתͷЦŶ˵Ұ˶ˣΪýܺͱµദлáֻûĵԸˣΪͷᣬãҿܾҪϻعȥˡ
Լ̾ǰǶع쿴һ۽Ķӣ˵㲻ϸ⺢˭𣿽㲻£⵱ȻǱµġ
ȻһЦ˵ڹеİ˱£˭
Լҧ촽û˵
ǰҵһԳժǹ̥ĸףȻժǹǱ֮ӣҲǱ֮ӵģ
ʲôϣ
֪ҲȥҸˣǺõö
뵽ֺڲҽʤǲһˣǸˣҲûˡ
ߵǰͻȻһϸϸĿӡ
һ˵˭ڿޣԼӲһ³谮ĹŮɱ²ϲˣҲû취
ͷû׷ʡ
ƿţһ߽ȥһɱĺ˹Żҳζ
ܾöûдɨء˵
Լٶʲôˣʵ۾źӿŲ˵㣬
߽һխСţһûдϸķ䣬ӦϴԡĵطҲᵱˡŮҡ
ûеƣΪ谵
˵ôûеƣ
Լ͵İƽȥ˵¾ȥϢСЩǰߡ
Ȼžͱˡ
ԼĽŲԶȥ˵ʤ
˵ƣʤղŲڽƱľͰסԼ̫æˣûע⵽
һܿϵĻʵۡ
һֿʼصĿޡͷס룬߰İϣ֫ҲУеѾѣеĻڡ
ô£ʡ
ʤȥѻʵϵͷʵۿȻ񿴵һ޵Щ뿿
Ҳڵʱ̺˻˰ҲʡºܶࡣǸι㡣
ʤ˵ʵԼԣֻԼԻŪԼǰιһι
߹ȥʵۿ㣬׽ֺܷѡ
ҵ˳Լ𣿡
һ϶ǰ۰һȴǿ
˵ģǴŻŨŨ
ͳһǣġʤܾȣû뵽
ͳιʵ۳ԣ˵Ǹӣ뺢ǰǵġ
ʵ۳ǣƺ˳ȻʼĶ
һʤҲסˡ
ʵȴԽԽίˣʼ޺ƺ˵
ʤϴȥ߰ɣһġ
ͱů˸סˡ
ǰʵ˺ѷεĿ޺Խʤ˵úչҺܿͻġ
˵꣬תˡ
ʤصǼСݣʵۿ޵ᣬһ߲һ˵û뵽ģǺǡӵĿԲ֪µĻʵۣԺӦòܿ˰ɡ


546 ²λ
, ܵʵۡ
²λ
ص, ԰ƶϵ֮¡
ϵ۲, ȵּϾ˵ʵ۲λԷΪǸõġ
Ȼеðգȵ۲ûпǰĳ, ǰǿԳеְġ
ڵĳδˡһԸϵۣûʺ󶼲
ѾȨζȻ̨ϻһŮ
߽ʤ취ԼԻʵ¸߳ѳɱԼ¸Լů˵
ů⵹޷ô죿
һ¶, Ȼʶ, ҡ
ǸҸ죬ֻȻˡ
֪׸Һôˣ
ҡ
칫ԺУ׸¾Ⳮ顣칫׿˵ģ͸˷ѡ
˴Լյĵݷ칫, ׸, ָԼСЦ˵ûУԺҲҪʦһڷܡ
׸³飬ϹƤ, мŻ¯, Ҳֱ, ǰ, ֶղסʡ
һӰŵСӸס, ԭ칫Ҫôడԭʦ˻Ҫôడ̫ˣ
˼һ¾ͰЩƤСǸסˣл׸磬Ҫôãø߱ˣҲ
ɱɱЩڼｿСǵƢʡΪҺԼһԺءЦ˵һյȲ裬һů㡣
׸һ˫۾ֱĶȲ裬ʹζһݴս˵ء
˾ȻЦ˵Ҿͷˡ˵Ųˣ߶֪칫˸óԵĺȵģЩġ֪顱˿ԸԵİ
Ҳҿڰʾʱҽݣڽ´ѩ칫ͷʱһ仰˵ͷ̧
ȻԼˣ칫ˣ
һȥġ
칫ھͶˡ
ȻЦˡ
ЦԺð׸𣬾Ьȥӻ
ǶǸˣһ˷ʲô
ڶ칫˵Ҫ½Сʱһ¿ʼ顢飬칫ɡ·Ͱǰûɹ
ûбԹ£칫ɱ˿ԹԣοֻӸ£
칫̾ʱСʹ㣬ڿɲ᲻ˣ
֣칫ûӻ칫Ҳû¡
滹ЩƷŭ칫ҲûᣬǶ˵ڲŷ֣¸ҵġδãӦкеҡһ£պðѹľָˡҲдš
׸ƶǶ
칫ֻܽ¿һ˭֪¾ܶʲôˡ
׸ȥ˵Źǹ˷еģŮ˳ûвŵģ֪ʲô
˵ҲţǹĻʲôпܣ²ΪͲһŮˡ
׸һ߳һߵȰȣڵڶĶ֮ǰڵȵ˭ǵڶҡ
Ȼʺ
˵Ϊ˸ʵѡ󣬸Ѿˣˣռ˽ԭһֱռҡ·;ңԶ۲ˣոá
ȻȻľٶе̫ˣĻ˵ĺе
̨³ԹǺͻʵûûݵģһֱסڷ̨˳ʲô¡ǶԻʵ˵ɲãǱߣǵĹһŭԹ³ǵʣԻʵ۲ðΪʵΪʧʣ̫ˡ
Ϊ˱⣬øϽ˭ǻʺ
ʵۣѡ
ʵѡûѡǫ֪̀УȴʷǰĴ
Լˡ
³أ
ǰⶼΧˮйͨ
ڣվţţ߶ţǹ
ױˣͷϵĻҲббģ·Ҳе߰㣬Ҫɱһ׶ĵŽ
ϣӳ˳ʱûͷֻ˸ӣϴѣûϵ˭õĶӡ
Ķӣɱڡ
Цʣʲô𣿡ǱˣͻȻ̫ˣô˶ڵĽ
ǲ
ԣʱһ
ʱôãȻô޴롣㲻ԼϷʲôֻ󣬵Ƿ޲ŻΪʲôкӣ
Ϊ˹ֲ˭ϼʵܴ˽һ˵ˣʵȴ˵㣬㲻£ǵĺӡ
ҡͷ˵ģûм޸㡣
ʵʧЦ˵ôô棿ѵΪֻаݹأڵķ֮ŻкûǵʽͲк˵ѵ𣿸ʵ檶Ǽ޸ʺкӵİ
ʵ͵͵˵ºͻкˡ
ŶӾȣ»кֻ˵żһϷһֱܺѡΪŮһϷ
һֱҸκ˵գͻʵһ飬ż˲ǸϷ
Ϸ棬еʹʵҲۣͷǺ·ʱɬܿɰ
ʵ§˵𣬻ʽ޾һԷˣӣպ޵̫ӡ
ʵ˺ܶ£лʵڣصģغ¡ɻʵôܿˡҲӦͬ
ʵȴ˵ǻһӣǶˣӾû˹ˡĸףӦտӰ
ˣ
Ѿܾáܾöûʵˡ
ͿɫԽԽƽ·ֱǸĳ
һתˣûмΪ
е㾪ȣȳ˶ˣůʣ¸ô죿ųŭһҿʵ۵ܣų̸Уʱͳվһ
Ȼڼȷŭ֮»ŹȻû취Ƴˡ
ֶˣȻˣˡ
ˣȥּΪʺԼûȻ˵Ҫͽ빬ӦˣԷ֮λӭ˷̨
£ȻҲûˡ
һóû취Ƕû취ԸֻܽǳԼġ
ֻٴƴǻʺλ治뵱ʺ
ȻѾû˽ٳ־ȱôһɵֻ˵˵³ഫţ֪٣ȻҪΪǾ³ҿǲܵʺɡ
Ȼ֪źӣֻҪ˿һۣʺ֮λܴ̾ɡ
Ҳ֪ĳȴȻŬһ㣬ơ
ҧŽתʼｪǶô߹󣬸壬ĸǵᡣҲܴûһ֤֤֮Ů˵һΡ
ǵģһ֤֮Ů
Ϊ׵۶˵ô׽õĺôã֪ǰܳܣ׽ðҪŮһ㡣
˵ûŮ
˵ôû³ҿˣãҪãҪߵĵλҪĹ١
ǣһĳָŽ˵ҽ֮ŮˣҸ˵ġ
Ȼ
ֱҪˡһǸȻȻҲһεȵ۵ȥҿ³ܵʺ˽أ
׵谮ŮΣȻһλʱû̹ĳ˵ԼεȵˣŮ෴˭أ۳Դҩ˲ŮθУȵʶ
һʵˣһٸȲϽʺϵʺ󣬱ǰµവԷŵһˣǵᣡһѪͳ߹ģܰPKȥ
Ҫ˵۵ô๫ŮͳȥӦǺܶģһԶˣﱲˣƫƫﱲѪԵ˵ȷʵ
ϣǳ¹Ϊ潪ƣӸ֤Ϊʲôʺϵʺ
о˷ߵʵ൱δŮӣ꣬۾ֻнһ
Ȼû취ֳֻһУʺ
֮Ҫýǰ
ڳ
ӡһ֮սֱӴȻûܱƳ͵ǰȥ
ǡǱˡѰѱȥˣֻǳȻӲİƸûˣ
쳳ʲôã㲻ɱ㲻ֱӴ̨ҪһմȨˣֻسܣ
㣡
ţ
ֲ칫ؼţȻûܰ칫һӷ̨²
칫ȻֻΪγ֮ƣ̨ƽ
仰˵Ȼ칫ѡģ֮λӵġ
һһ
棬洫ϺꡭšĻĿ׸磬˭׸ҲãȻ֪


547 
, Ͼһס˵¡
һһҹ, ɤӶ, ֪Ҳ֪ˡ
̨Ǵ̨˱أǼǵðȥӵ˶ˣΪ˸ȻԿҵøƵ, ңҲȫŮ˻ˡ
˶֪иŮ˸ӡ
֮û˵ǽΪŽգûۿǽ
û˸˵
Լ, ǲѾ˷, һʼҲûڴκ̨ûͱ³ͻȥˡ
ڣʣˡ
ΨһĻʺѡ
˸˵¸һû޸ʵ֮ǰڹ
ûС
ſӦ
Ȼ֪󣬸Ŭ, ֹ, ţĵ, վһ, ѩƬ̨, ˡ
Ҷܵ, ܹĻʺƷ, ³
еȻǰ˵һԣ˵ڹвӣ³ڷ̨ΪϴԼó˿һǲãҲΪ룬ֻҪ³ǰһȻơ
Ӧ˵˺ӣˣܼ硣˵ʱϣָߣԶԺױۺ֬µ˸ıĿҲ֪˺ӣֻҪʮµľƳԡ
ҲΪá
Ӧ
ûȰ˵ģ˴ѽӲϳȥ˱ɱĹлݶϵļָһһȫŷˣһ䴩ˡ
гľǣвǲżٸǲǧˣԴԴĴӹгѷ̨ǵһ鶼ռסˣױѷ̨˶ˡ
ѹнܲܰ˶
ǽ˵УֻҪһսЩ˲ֻˣӵģȫǴʬɽѪ߳ľĻ˵ᱻץ϶³һ򾡡ڱˣЩߵֻϲԣø³ĿӦ£
³³³һԾŶ³Ҫĺֻ⻰١³Ҫʦѣū֮
Ȱ˳ΧڹΧǣѡпĽūȥʾ͡
ʹĽˡ
ǲʣպ⽭ɽͬƣȨͬͬһϲбҸܵˣϵλ͸㣬Ϊʲôһپܾҵĺأ
Ļشɣ˵һˣŨ޷޸ҲĲ޸ˣԾʺҲ
Ȼ
˵̨ҲˣҲûʲôȤζ³ˣó뿪
ŽߡȻýģʱˣ˶˵Ҫʺʱˡ˵ߣֲˡ
̨̫տ̫įˡڻʵߺѾܾûˡ
ô˵ġˡȻ֮ڣ֪һˡ
ȻˣӦһ𰡡
ҲΪʲô³ڷ̨һ³һҲڡ
ٰᣬ뽪磬Ȱڷ̨¸
ῪʼãԾûг֡ȥ룬ֻһԳ˵ժǹѾϢˣǰˡ
ڴŭҪϳ̨˵Ϊ
ڱźι̣һιһߵֺµĿŻĺӡ
濴һ㣬ЦİƻȥӳأʲôܳԾʹΪʲôӳ̻ôʹûгǾһҧʹ
ֲܲιǽܲ˺ӳĸ̵ġ
Ҳ⣬ûôιֻ̣ĸĸЦСȻûɲСأСȻûðҲѾڹͷˣ̾ˡ
غͷĶֽŶССģϸʮͳˣԵһ̱졣
ι꺢Ӿ͸ϽĸҪҪ򡭡ܡ̫̫ࡣ
ϴؿڲ£½󣬿˵칫ʲôҪ𣿡˵ڳһһ⣬Ҷܷء
Ϧģڵĳòˡ
ʣǴ׼ôˣ
쵽ˣ̨¶ѻѩûл·ѾͨˣҲѾѩ֣ܺʮǣ̨ڣвٰնվڹ⿴춼ܿҡϵ̣Ƕʬ
ϾǴˣȻѩûлԽԽůǲɱġ칫ûʱȥһһĸʬҲûôྫȥЩʬһһ˵ڷصʱֶûУȫռһ𣬵ڸӣʬȫȥջ֮
ʬûա
Ƕˡ
Ŀǰû˭˵óѩֵ˶ˣ̨˶ٰҲ֪
ˣ칫òǲͷģȻҲû˼
ˣǴڸǴ¡պʷֻĳգ콵ѩѩ괺ռʬ֮
ǵ˶ˡ
ͺûһûôࡣû֣ûôˡϾ˶ѩѣأڷ̨ʵסĵطأȱԲȱģܶأ
һĻʵʷϵŻ㣬һĴǵҲһ㡣Ⱦǵµ˶ˣͲ˼ǵһĶ죬̨Ϊѩˡ
ʮҾſաʾȻݷֱ̨Ц
ʷϣӻʵ۵󳼣ᡰʷǻԶ鳼
ʵ۲⣬ǻġ
Ŀǰûȥһ˶ˡ
֮£ͱҪٰˡﴦڽ̨˵Ǽ̨ѾаԷȥƷó᲻óԵʳϼнеǮļдʣڼ̨ǰţȥˡ
еİһȫˣֵƷûУǵ϶û취£Ҳк˼ǡ
Ĳ£δһš
벻ʢ󣬰նӦˡ
ڹ˶С飬ϡؼҺңһʱ䣬±ٸץ٣ȻƲ
һ仰ǽˡ
Ϊдһƪ˵ƷвãҪһعʺλ
С˴ʱΪԼˣǸ˯ıʱ˵ˡ
һֱЦŽܣҵŮڻû֣һֱĽšĩģ˳˸С
СڳˣΪҪȥˣɫȻװ׵ģǶſ䵽СֿɰȻú
ᵽɫͲÿˣһ㶼ҡ
СܼһĻҲǺܷѪģʵǽӲȥˣ͸ǻȥ˵һѱдݵʵ۱ǰ³ȥ
˵ƨˡ
ûˣͷŮСӻĺܣһѣһѾ֣һ־Ҫ̡
ֻôն
ţú䡣
Ů
ŮɨüС۾°͡ƤмΪƵģȻһڶ룡ţ
ԲŮ


548 
³
ں󴺻һ, ͷѻͣ£ÿĿİ, ԱߵĽκ̫ӰӶüͷ, ųˡ
ٽдôȥ, ҲҪˡ
Ҳ󴺻治ɫŽһԼ
˽¶Ե˵, з, ͷЦ, ȥǽվһʱ
ۿܿһ죬ֹֻôԷʱ򣿡
óԷ˾Ϳһˡ
ʱ, , 
̰£У룡ȻͶԽͰϲǻȥ, Ҫ, һ顣
£Ͱл˵ˣڷ, ұĿģȸˣ˵һҾ, 첽˳ȥˡ
˳, պÿ̵˵Ĳºǰ̨̫, еѾ
˾վڹǰ, Ÿʰ
ǰǲô, Դӹߺ󣬹ͱһˣǰҪЦ΢ЦЦͲЦڼˣЦЦЦˡ
ڴҲҵģ࣬ԶԶľͣʺˡ
ЦĶˣûôɭˡһɨıϾһ󷢺ȥࡣ
̫Ӷˣ̫Ӹղڶ𣿡Цʡ
æڷܣĳۣȣ
ͷЦֻ̫Ҫѧôһ־ͺá
﹧˵ĳһסĽ̵ҹ
ת԰˵κ̫ӣͿˣʱʱô
ӣն˼飿
ЦһҾ¡
ЦȥҪ£ӵ챳£յ˵ٱһ㣬Ҳ¾ͺá
Цǲ̫ˣҡͷҺãһ㶼
㣺ô˵ǰ㱻վˣӺߵǴˣôŮƵϹóһЦҪץӣڣѵѵ㡣
תˣһһ߶Թĭ
ҡͷԽ˵⺢ʵ̫Ƥˡ
ﵱȻ֪Ϊκ̫ӣ³̵̫ҲУ԰ѧʵ·á
ЦӻС
֮ǣſڵĽټ
һ˾ЦŶԹ˵һԴЩղ˵ŵóȥ·ЬûþҪȼˡ
˵֪ˡڣЩ˸۶㣬ǲѹġ
Ҳʵûʲôˡ
߽ȥѾڸ̨ϡĶԸİ취ƽӼ㣬ͻ۸úһ㣬һ㣬ͻسӵıݡÿμ㣬¹ڶһ˿ȥȻò˵һ
Ŵ䵭ˣĿбӡ
һݼһҾл¡
ʣ࣬£
ȻҪһ³ӵְʴԴϴʱ䣬ʳӺ𣿳Ե˯
ҳԵ˯ţлģºܸжйĳǹµҡʲô¿˵
˵˵һŰ
ʲôš
˵˴˵ʵ۱Ҫٴȥ̨
һȥ̨㲻ڷ̨
ûӦ˵ðʱҲֱˣ۾Ҳˣ˵ˣʲôʱߣ˵꣬ͿһЦ
ٰڻش࿴Ǽ٣˵Ǽ٣Ȼ᣻棬̨𣿡ܾ࿴أȷ
˵ĳġ
Ǹ塣
ȥǺȥ㣬˵ġȥ㡣˵꣬˵ֻǹҲ֪Ϊ࣬ߣ
ȥ ֪뿪³á
ԣ࣬ʲô취
ЦȻʼϿΣӰϵϣý緹ûԳɣͷۻ
ܽһ仰ʥּˣҲ뿹ּҲȥ̨˭ȥ˭ɵӡ
ѵͷǡ
㻹ѵȥˣЦеģѹˣ˽
м㣬ɵıӰһҾ˻ûԶߵ
˽º࣬ҪҪҺһ˻סĹڣ¶ʳƾˡ
湨㵹ƣƣ˵֪ۣҪ
ӹƣ̾ǴֻۣļˡԵһҺʵũˣҲһݲļҵТ˳ĸ޶ģͲˡЦֻʮˣֻҪһлģͷֲˣͻᱻƭпܱ
ߵڻƽ£ȫߵ˱ݻ
һ껹ԣΪڣʮ꣬³Ʋȥġ
ƻûȣѾ⣬ԡָɣ˵ңֻ˵㡣ɸڴֵϷһЦ
ԣҽŴη֮ԣҲΪЩ಻סˡȼʷĴأ
ߺѾˡ
³ķչûѳļƻ
ڹߺͻȻŭˣȻðͷˣеȴԽԽӡ
ǡʱطǣ˷硣
еΪƷƷϣ伫Ƕ෽ע㡢˷ֱ
㺬ȫˡҲˡЩ˾ΪпΪĶƷ
ȫˣͶЧʲôˣ͵ǽݻ߲ܡ
ţ˾ڽǰ潪ͼı졣ҲĶʼϴ
ӲԽš
ҲûжԽʾѺãʾԳ谮
䵹ȫûѽߺֺϡ̳ǡǡǡȫ䵽С
ԼԼı⼸ȫĺÿ˰ֱӽеġ
㶼룬ʲôʱ޷ܽ䣿ɽʲô˸浽ǰ⼸ɵ·ѽµĽȫд͵ǰˣˣܲһ¡
ֵܵԶһ
Ǿֻǹǰˡ
յƽǵĳͶЧ
˳ǣȥӹܣȻǵȫ͸˹㡣
ֵùЦһ߶ЩʩһýԱ߰
һѺõȨ֮һҪãɱ֮եɾЩҵǮʾ֮³ѵ⽪ЩҽŸ
θ
ȻǷ١
ȫǿվչ١ʵְûءǡλ͹ְ򻯳ÿ»ףÿϵֵͬ٣иĸ޶Ե÷͵Ŵ
б˵ˣǵĸĸ޶ֵܽãһ©õ˷ͣճСӣ˵ܼо
ġ١˭Ҫ
˾Լĵôûбأ
ֻһ˱ˣȫҸ͡Ϊʲô
ܿ˹ײ
ӽˡáΪһֻˡ
ڿǺôǴӴҪλǷֵճ֮ķֱԽԽСϵϵ֮Ҳûǵ蹵ڲضᱩҡ
Ȩ
һǰ£ѾߡѾ˵мҴˣȻֻǹߵͣͬͬĸֵ֮Ѻ
Ͼľλʵڵġµ»Ҳġ˵úôʱûбԹڵ˺ôҪôȻҲ˱Թ
£۾ܽѾᷳˡ
ɣڷ̨ôˣЦ˵˵һ˳
Ĭһ£ʣʱҪҵȣ˵ֻ¾ˡ
۾Ȼˣ
棿
ࡣɹֵǽϴԣף
һУһֻιٻҵȣ
˵ٻʱȻ֪ϹʱɹࣿһϵĴԣ¾ƱǣȥһԹ֣κĽǲҲĴˡ֣κӦԵġ


549 Ǹߵ
ֹ˴Ű, ӵǷⳭ͵ʥּ治д³Ҫȥ̨, Ҫ׼˼, ҪűʢļƷС
ЦЦͰʥּ׵Ժ, ų̂͡
˼ţʥּǿˡ
֮һֻּҹ֣κԶУ
˵ֻǸҹ, ǾҪС
˶Ц, ҲΪ졣оһ˼Ƽ, ʥּȥĥһվóһģһ
ʥּ, ʹѰǼʥּȻǸ, ҲǷ̨Сٶǰ֣ԡκûнӵһģһʥּ
ˣز, ֣
߽Ĺ, ݸžˡվ̨ϣղźŬģͿݣ岽, ġ
ᡣ
㻹΢΢, 
ܿıÿ, ˵֪ڴˣҪѰ˵, һͬȥ
Цҡͷ, 롣
ڽȥ, һߵ֮¡
е죬̫˼ݲݹлĳޡ
󴺻˵͹һˣæӭκҲҲһͬȼ³¡
û뵽κǺʡٽκˡ
ᡣ
ȶˣҪǣ˼˼֮ҪϹ˵ĳһ󡣡
ʱеţŴӣã˵кηԸֻܵūūƴǡ
ڣе㺦¡
Цǣ
ȻתͷԴ˵дŻȥʺһ֣̫ĸס
̽ŹķԸ˵
Ϳһƪ˼ĸǣУ¡
һһᣬ˵Ǿĺôġ
ǺЦƪҪΣһٵѯ֣̫ʲô֮£³ʱ̵ĸǰʲô£˵ġ
ʥּĵ֣֣̫ӦûԮ
żǺƪǾʰȥ֣ˡ
֮󣬹תͷκҪҪҲдһƪȥκ
ãȻҡ³£֪ġǡ˽³
˵ȻˣκӦΪڷ̨ءǧ֮⣬ʺȻ
룬ҲʲôõģʹӦˡ
򰢱һţһ
ţǲýȥģȡԼϵĺ֮ǰ޵κĽ͸ģϧ̫ˡ
㣬Դҡ
֣صĽӹĳһȱͻ
һ֣һκŶͳȥˡһ࣬Ͳˣֱӽȥˡ
ڻսݣʲôʹ߶û˺ʹΪֻ˲ܸʳܰú˳ȥǮ
ȥϤĴ̣˵̳ǣβиأ
ˣʣԣȥ˶ˣ˵˵ӱ̳ܵȥˣ̳ǣȥˡǼ֧̫ȥˡ
ǳԵĺȵġõġϴģȫǴ³ģ³ǵݿ֧żգ
Цǿӱ˰ɣЦϦȵҹԱůõĳȥһ˻˶ץˡˡɱˡˡõǹɱˣﶼһ
³̳ǡ
ǰ̳ǵȦѾչȥˣӱأǰץӱ˼̳ǵ̶ӺȦˣó˴ƬĿյء
󽫾Ժ˸ȥˣҲˣȴϻˣ⣬Ҫʮҵˡ
˺޽󽫾˱򲻻ɽ󽫾˵ˣԼҵò󻰣ûһܳƵԼ̳֮ʸǡ
ȻǾ͵˽³³ĺˡ
û˵ҪҺͰ׼ҵĶơ
⣬ռõĵطúĺڳǣıõʳõ
ǲ
ôֺá飬ûС
Ҳĸĸ׵Ļ̫̫ûáԼңŶһȥ
ǰ꣬˶֪ɱˡĸĸ˵ģ˭᲻ţ
꣬˵뺦ģ̫̫̫̫ġҪ˵ΪʲôҪᶦأһ˵ΪᶦģΨһĶӣ˵Ϊᶦ֮ҲֹһӣӾߡȲ߷ңԴΪǱңᶦ
ŮȲ֪飬֪Ҳûа취ֻΪѣɱᶦۣͬһɱᶦ
е˲š
һ˵ɱᶦְ׮ƵϡŽĸΪ档
ô붼Ϊ
û취Ҳû취Ǹǹ˸ǣǼȲģҲġ˵˭ȭͷ˭ġǼȿģҲһ׼ҵġ
Ǻǡ
ľӪ±ÿһ춼ūӵ³еŶǹнеĶֶϽţеĴŸĸ޶һǰ³
ӽ³ԸΪūȫΪūҲٻ
ͰЩ˶ˡֻЩ˸ĸ˿һͬͲһˣҪǸҷֿɶ飬͵ӿڡطڽǣҪ֡
Ŵ˵֣ʮųȱũūسһȥǱֵء
ѾˣȴǶˣȥ̨
֪׶ôˡ
̾˿͵վš߳ӪȥһڻԵ׳ȫӡ
ž˴ܡܿ۵úܡ
šһȦûҵ˺ôһܣֻˣȥѲˡ
ʣµ˿һ˳ȥˣ̾үĸ۵ײϾͺˡͲˡ
̨⹫ǡ
ųλƵĵˡ
Ĺĳ͢ĹԱĽ
ðɣʱڡ
һڵԹӭ
Ĳʳˣͣƿɡϳ˵
סԾ飬ǣڣϳȥ
ʳǰߣ˵ѹǵ¸˵һ˵ɡ
һڹϵСޣŶǶİڶֽţһµĴڹĺϣΪ
û£ˣڲ򡣡˵
ЦСΪɰ

Ǹ֣õòٺã
乻ˣͿʼ˵⹫ˡ
ǱڻеСеĶˣȸСȫ
⼸̶ͻȻˣ˵ΪʵҪ룬Ƕڽ֭ʲôıأʵ۵ļ룬ƷһҪвð죬Ƕһ޶Ҫ
̶ӶˣǾȻıˡԱߵѾ鹫ˡǰȱݣѾˡ
ǵԼʣִغؾͶȰȻҪˡ
ŶһӶˡ϶ŪЩֶΣ޷Ǿֶκգ£ŸôһͶ
繫Ϊ·ȫԤ˰ؽؽĵ·͹غܲ˵ġ
ټ˶ˣغرص̼ҿ϶̣ܲػﶼǸȫ֧֣Ƕ³̵ĶȥˣЩ̼ҿ϶군ķǳѸ١
ʳжڱ߬ţŸô
նˣô죿
һȥģȻûнصĻ·
ǳ˾Ͷһ֮⣬Ҳûб·ˡ
Ȼǡôȥѡǡ
֮ĿǰתãûдͷΧҲǹһҶˣ˽غغҲˡ
µǹǼأ躹أ
룬ɡ̨дҪǶһ㣬˶ϡ
תԽ˵ǳдͷ𣿡
һӾЦˣôô룿
Ц֮ǰպǸһ¥ҪùˡȥֻܵǸߣء


550 ս
ʱ, ˸ĳĳǵ̫ءĳգְأʹũûаʱ֡
ڷ̨Ĳ̫ķ, гԽʱǻ۵ľǴ֮ĸǳ̫ضһְ𣬾ð˳Ӧʱ
仰˵ũڴ, ո˳ӦʱҲǳ̫طǳҪһְóǵũûڴ쿪ѻ, , Ǿ̫صĴٲλκһ˶Ը
ʵ˳̫Ҫġ
״浽̨, Ȼ֮󣬰ݸ칫ëѵȷ̨˺, һ˶дһġʥáƵĻ͸͵̨ȥˡ
ȻͿʼԽԽ, ԽԽ, ԽԽ࡭
¸浽£, һδͣ
Ȼǳ̨֮, ûܡ
öСǱԲѲΪʹӷ̨, û, һ·, ֱӻ˹ǡ
ҵ˸˳Ժ󻹺ܵģƽʺȻȰ˵칫ڴ˵Ե죬Ȱٱˡ
ֱ³
ûűĳ죬̨ıÿ·ˡ
û취ܲ³ǹɡȻ³ôǧҲҪ˵һ˵ɣֲǹܣֻܻȥٱ칫Բûס³űأһ´򲻹´˲ճֻܷǹȥˣʾ¡
Ƚ˹ǣԡ׸Ѿ׷ˡǾеˣҪڳʹһʲôĶ쵽סѰǽժǹ
׸Ѿеϰˣ³ôܡŵġסڹܣһһ˶šʱΪǹҹش󣬹һ죬³֪ˣǹش
Գ˳һ·ü˵ôʵνժǹеõģûʲôװΣޣһͨնйء
׸ʣڿʲôԱȻ˵࣬򶫣ȥмгͬ򶫣ȥ·ƽײߡ
׸һֳһ޶
Եֳǽ߰꣬˳ǽꡣ
׸Ҳ˵ˡ
·ԵķȻСһö룬·ʯ׸ֳǣ֪ǽ·ơ
ߵ·ժǹŶŵģ·ȫǹãӸղſģ̡񡢻һӦȫڹٲʮַæ
ǰݳ·ϣǰ࿪ģлгľʹҴܣ·һ˿æҡ
˹ǰ³࣬һ飬ųһ滻ǽĻǽȥ
ǽʡ
ڳڶ԰׸˵Ĺǽǹ롣
׸磺ꡣ
Ҳˡ⹬ǵǲôÿǽ湻ߣģǽڴϵ˿Ϸ죬һשءֻǽͱȵϷ̨ˡ
˹ǽ˹ţǰǹӴĹ㳡ƽĵ棬ĹȫʾǷǳõġ
ԺͰ׸粻Ŀʼ㲽ȵǵĳͣ˶˸Сʱİʾ⡣
Աȸ֣׸Ҳ˸֡˸ղ㳡бĻװʮˡ
ʮǸʲǫ֣̂ʵı㳡Ҳֻվʮˣһټݡ
׸˵ˡֻǺû
Եһۡ˶ĺ֣˵ֻ˸ţҲ̫ࡣ
׸ֻñˡ
Ҳе㲻ô룬ѵ³ıܴ򵽷̨
ܣǽôĹ㳡Ǹʲôģ
ȼдˡ
򳡰һȻķʰ׸磺㲻Ǽ𣿡Ÿ̾Դ˷̨ԺûˣڵԼĵ̣Ҫúõľٰ켸
³ҲǺܳģϵ³µգ˶棬ߡֹߣŮҲߣ˵;ٰü
Ҳ˵ùȥ
Իв뽪ط̨ȥס㹫³ҲһһϦ£ȥ£ʵۿɻûͬأȻʵ֮ͬ󣬻Ҫȸ³ţҪ˻ǵĹ֮⣬³Ҫʾ˵֪ˣȻӡ
֮عʵۺ֮仹гҪߣԼ˵ؾʹߵġ
ȻԼǲȱ֣ʵ֮ԱС죬ΪСˣǰѳúõһ飬꣬عǾš
˵⣬Ϣǻҵĺą̫́Զˣʵеʲô㣬㶼֪ɲ̫á
Ǽʶʲô˵Ϲ߾ˡԵĻͻʵĸ飬ʵǸˣ˵ͦƸеġ
۵һ¾ЦˣҲһЦ
ԺͰ׸ȫޱ飬͸ûһ׸绹ͷ˿һӣԺӵĶУˣСС⡣ʱ䣬ǲˡ
Ե
׸ɻȥʲôֵģºӺԱߣ޵̶ûι죬ִġʱŴСôˣͰ޾ûһܶõġǿ
̴Ӿ͹ȥ
ŮСƨƨǣ̴ӰŮˡ
ԺͰ׸磬Ҳһ´˴ķ⡣ǰǸĵأڱһǣֵһ
ϵȻҪٰᡣڶ죬ˣԺͰ׸绹̲ס³˰볡졣
һ죬˵زҡ
ԾͰѰ׸£ԼȻȥˡ
׸ٴεˡʡ㲻Ϊ⣬Žû죬ȻһëҪ˱ţŻ˯ţҪ˱ţͲͿޣ
ˣҪëȰѰ׸絲⣬ȻͰϡ
Լû˱žͿʼԱħԼԼ£ʱʱĴչȥһŮ˵硰ءޡûгȰ˵֮
׸˺ѷΣҪײˡ
㺿а죬线磬׳
Ȼ۾ֶҪ̳ԣ꣬˯ˡ
ŰѰ׸Ž
׸뱧ţûʲô
Ǹɵġ
׸üʲô˼ղһֱڼٿޣɺûᡣ
׸磺
СǺܴġŪһס
׸˼ĺӲɣĶû
ֺһΣû˱ؾû຿ҧ
׸չ۾һ֣׸ʶҲҪϵһߣ㲻Уʶˡ֪һо͸ˡ
ֱſ׸ҪͿϰ߹һ죬ֿ׸Ҳûб󣬳׽˱
׸ҲҪ󣬽˼Σ׸˸ȣԺڲپˡ
㡣
׸籧Ѿ֪˿ˣÿ콪סûעֳ̨ʲô¡
æʽ⼸ʲôŹҺ͹һһŵĹϵ
Ŷ˵ûʲô
׸粻ţԼԽԽľΪѾˣһĵ׸ˣѾдǱ͵̨ˡ
Գƣ˸֣Կգλֻܴǹٻؼˡ
һĴǹٻҪţڽǱȫˡӡһͻġ
ʾǻʵ۲٣ǰѻʵ۸ˡ
ҲĹˡ
׸ľսţ˸˸Ѿаǵ̫شǹˣ
ⲻֻǰ̫أаǸ߷̨գǽ˰ˡ
гǾܽ˰ʵҪ±ַģ
Ҫˣ
ǣ̨²Һȥղ򣬻ǻὲͣǰĵ㽫ǾʡġҪҲֻڴѹ֮ٽ
׸ɫҰף˵Ҫȥһˣ
·ʲôҲż㲻𣿡
׸ţʲôҪˣתҪȥ㡢ҪҪһȥԣܰһ˶СϽһߣط̨
Це˵Ҵûأģȥһ϶龪һ˵׹׼ӣúõİѰ׹ͻȥ
Ц


551 
ڹ, ̨ϢȴԴԴ͹
½֮ѾƼ³ΪĴЪת˵ĵط
ڴ˵ؼɢҪľǶһеĲƻԼҪĶҸ, ԼҪĶͼ롣
˶, Ǵ˷Ϣ
ڷ̨ʱöСĵͼ͵͵һݸò˵ݡͼ߽ɽ־Ķɫʡ
ŶС鳭ÿ꽻˰ĳǳ, ǿ֪жٴСˡ
ɽ־Ϻܺõıֳǰͺ͵ĽǣӦǶһ͵Ĺ
ڷ̨صɽ־лԱһɵ˵ʧˡ
Ҳ˵Ǵ͵Ļʵɺȥĵطһ̨ڡ
ͨ׵˵Ƿءлʵ۵ĵ꣬ȫˡ
ֻ˵꣬ǽΪʵ, ǰ͵۵Ůҵķض, ƽˡɻʫб˼Ϊ׷, װ׵˵һزˣ, Ʒˡ
ڵͼϿǴԵһ
ڴ, ĳط, ܵʱΪɴͶ˴ǶǱʲô˼Ǳߵȷʵ쵽ˡ
صʵ۳µļʱ⵽һҲƵ˹ϡȻ󣬴Լ򵥵ķֳطΪӵͼϿǳȽܼģɢ
һǽˣܼĳǳأһһɽɽгiƺһַǳĺʯ֪ǲú
ЩطĳǵʷȴʷҪ߰꣬ȴǴӴʱڴ˵ؽǡ˿ڡ
仰˵ȻǵôʼʵôΪŮȴҵĽɽ˿ͷɻˣЩط˵ʱóһž˵һ˵Ƿ߰ǰĹ¡
Ҳ˵Щطʷȴƾã֪ʵ۵ĺʷ٣һֳȻʡ
ܲôʵۡ
Ҳýһ¡ǰô벻ͨʵ۵˻ʵ۶߰ˣôôǰֻü֣ͨиصĻҶǼͳԭ棬ö˵㣬ԭģӻǼͳİ
κһ˽ɽˣӦûҪϴȥӡǡ


ʵпҲҪɣͲö֪ˡ߰ʵۿˣЩ֪ʵۼҺʷһڡ
뵽ǰʷʦڽʱ˵Թֻëϯĸĸ¶ϣǰ˶ڱ׼ڣԽڵģײƷɹģһǰũʧˡ
ǰҴʵۣѻʵƷˣԼȥ
˻ʵۺҪȥҡҪˣͻðһҵŽ
뵽ԼҲ·ɳˣǾ췴ṩһɹӡ
ʵ۲ǲ֪Լʷ˸ɵһʼ϶һ׼ɨоȫɵʱҪǸϽȻλ
һЩҷǳᣬǳУ϶Ҳˡͬɽĳŵǲ֪Ǹ˭
̨ȻҲ̷ˡҪȻλҪĺҲȻλڸûͱƷˡ
ö֮˻λЩ֪ʷҲ
ЩѾĲ˻ʵ۵
ֻ֪г칫ȻȨŪȨ֮۸ʵأҲܡ
ܣǾ
ֻһ̽
ǲʵ۽˰ˣʵǮˣʵǣ㲻ԺҲ˰ˡ
̨
ȻģڽӵǱʱ̲⡣Ҳ漴дʥּҪǹٵ˽̨
Ȼ˾Ҫͷˡ
ǶԻȨƣҲҪֶȥƣȥ辯档
ʥּдеϴǱ˵֣ҪǶɱˣ
ʥּų̂ͱȰסˡ
Ѿˣεľą̊́Ľ
ƽշ̨ʮľū˰ԼĳǣƳǡ
汲ƳǣֻԼڷ̨
Ȱȿһ칫ȻķӦ˭ĵġ
Ϊ˶֪ĴǱʵ۸ôھͿ˻ʲô
Ȱ棬ȰҪƽ˵ЩɱʲôʱɱβһԷ̨µأ
⻰е
ܿ죬칫Ȼ˷Ӧ
칫ķӦǡˡ
˵ˣĴҩײĶԤˡ
Ȼֱʵ˵Ҫټ˺ü
ȻȻҲалҲкõĳǳ˵칫ѹƵﶼ淢չˡ
ƽĸҳƽĸңĸ飿˵˶ңɱ
ƽ˵ǣ˵Ķԡ
칫Ȼڶ£ƽţͷʮˣһ¾ͲһֱҲ
ȻǺһġ
ȻģΪ˵ˣʵ۸ɱȥ򡣵ʵĻ顣
ƽô˵ˣʣȻ뷴
ƽ˵ȻΪʲôҪأ
ֻ뵱ӣֻҪ칫ȥˣӦðͽᳯ
ûͽᳯԼƽ˵칫һֱѹȻ칫ˣȻûѹƣһᷴ
Ϊ칫ɲ»ʵۺͳ
ϾҪȻҪɱ
ƽȰ˵ʱɱһɱ̾ͻᷴ
Ȼڿ̨̩ɽлʵۣҲгԼΪʵ۲¶Ӱʿ
ƽʱԼû£浽սʱ򣬻ʵ۲ͲˣѵóһŮվڽ̨ϵ㽫ıս
ͿЦˡ
ü
ƽֵȻûбɱİգһȻ֮ڱ֮ǰȻȵɱƵòòȥлǿԹʼʩ
ӦˣôȻ
ƽ˵Ǿټټ˴˰أ
⿴
Ͱѻ˽Ը
ﵱȻѴǣһڴӦߵĻ˶Ӧ˵˭ǻҾƴǣΪȥ
Ҳҵ˭ܴ˭ܴ򣬾ûԼ㽫꣬˸Ǵǹ٣ûȥ߸ǣȻһǣȻȥ
ȻӵʥּЦŶǰ˵ģɸϵʥ̶ּѨɽ𺣡
ԼʮˣһЦѣʮֿס
Цūūң


552 һս
Ȼ⻨ռȥ̫ࡰˡ˵, һΰԼʵ¶, ӵʥּ͹, ֳʵҪҪǮҪҪˡ
ֱ׵˵Ҫĳǳˣ֮⣬ĳǳȡʯ, Ѽ, ǹͷʸ
ȴӹһǮ֧á
δ, 
̻û򣬿ȷơ
ҲһʥּȺ鼤
ѡĶߵĻ, һģܵ绨Ļ, Ȼڳǰټ
ԼôһƵĻᣬڻ
жʹ޾Ͳ˵ˡ
ĸȥǻĹؼʱ̡
ͷ֪
ĸϾþ, ±о, ͸໨汲֡ʱҪô
ⳡ, ҪġʵʵڵĶǹ, սɱ, ²ߡĺý, սʤ, ǲսʤġ
һһ, ŷ, Žи
˺
佫ң佫˵ԻհҲٻӡǵؽڣʲô£˵񵽡ȥ껨ǧȥҷƮҡ֮ҲѲԶǧǰ⡣
ҪŻҾȥǡȻһǲ黨ȥ򣬵Ҳܽ⡣
ûĸĻ˵ѣʤˡչȥǣȥǣ˭ľһĿȻˡ
ĸ˵Щ˰۾ǲΪ֮㵽Ҫױµ֮ҪΪܵõҲҪ˵һ˵ҳ֮䡣
ͷ˵ס
ȥﲻҪˣҪ˼˵֪Ǻ࣬ⲻ˰ʵ˰ʵҲܱðǽһҴȥҲǺúõĸʵ˵ûûʵۿǼ֣òأ
˰˼˼һ㣬һ㲻
ĸóһЩнõؽһҪȥݷãһҪѻ˼ҪЩᵽҴǵ⡣
˵Сǰԣ֪Ǻ
ĸ˵С͵ѣ˶ȥ̽ѾˡҲ磬ˣѣҲδɡСˡ
֪
¶ǸϰߵġΨֲ֣أлСΪҰдӣԼӴȥţٰ㶣
һҲǸˣͷǴȥǵöԷĳοҲȻһӣȻǸˣⱲӶûһܾδؾ涮ЩĿ࣬أʢ飬˳ƽˡ
߻ݷãȻֻǺһ裬˵˲һ̵Ļ߶⡣
ԾԼѾˣȥʾģȥɱ˵ġȻû˵ֻ˵һԵ·֮׻
ľ֪ͬһ㣬ԻĻƳ籶£˾Ͷˡ
ǻԲ
żŴȥϤĽͳգо˵Ϊǳǵԭ̫أʵ۵˴Ǳ˵ʵ۵ĹˣȻҲڻʵǰǣ˵ûаʱ֣ʱ˴ңһʥּҪԶȽСȰվ͵ˣʱҿ԰ѾԻѡ
д֣ȥ
ܿͽӵ˰ǵĻţȻǳϻ̳Ͽ֣ҲӱͻˡҪĵġ
һ߱սһ߸ǺһһҺôҺá
´ǹ٣ʮ¾͵㽫ˡ
սپǶˣҺúһϷǸʵ۵͸ͷʵۿһԭ¶ȣ
һ˳ȽʱҴʤεȷ⣿εҫ
һδռҳʹֱӳ˳ǡıԼھǾʮĵط棬ڽҹ
죬ҳԻҵϰߣضǵ̨䶯֪Ҫˡû֪֮ǰҾѾˡ
ĵϼҲ佫ңֻˣľ͸Ͷչ£ͼˣҲߣǾֻһСӴżٺ˾ΪܰͱʤˣԱţ֪һڡ
һ·ǣһҹʱͣ˳㿴һûܴ
ӣȿˮɡһźġ
Ľӹһڣʣݶ𣿡
չЩĵġԼгǣŻҪҪǮȴûģ˵ȸһ֣ȴţ͡
һڴӦ˵һͨչ£СĸԸĻ
˵Ư̲ܲñԱԼ㹻㣬Ϊ˱һݳˣˣǾͲˡǡȥ̨ˣ˸ˣࡣ
ˣء³Ļƶã˵ûƶء
Ц³˳ԻƶܱǳԻƶɴ̣ҪЩ
УС˸̾ɷءԻ˵ǰǴӺشѰ۸ߣá˴Ӻشǣһأ۱ǰˣãȥ˻˵˼ҺǷֿģһۣһۣùˡǻ˺ЩΣ˵³κạ̃࣡ɫÿǮˣ
˵ͷǰߡ
·غʱһȴ··
ļ״ͣҪߵūðӵūãҪģ˻
ǸչԱ߲ݵϵһȺڵվܹˡ
ȻûɿŴ󵶳ìܹٶҲ
̴˺ˡ
۾һ۾ͿЩкҰˣֻǱ
Ұ
֮ǰͱٱΪҰˡûԼı׶ĺܣ֪ʲôˣ£ôҰ
ߡĲڴ˾˭֪жҰӲżʮˣûѣδռʲôˡ
Ѹߣӱˡ
Ұ׷һֽͨЦԶԶ
ȿˣǲͣߣϧ
ߵױ˵üһҪͿЦˣսûϣһȺҰðı˸ɱˡ
룬˵мˡ
æʣӺγԣ
·ҰȥġЦҰûҪ·ǱŵġֻǿҰʵǱ£غص˾޵ȴǽغͨ·
Ų⣺ӣ˵ǰìܰ
ҡҡͷû˵
Ϊǰìֻһغر˸ռˡ
ռ˽غغҰʼ··϶ޣ·ҪôǹҪôǹ
һ
ˣǷ̨ĴҪĵ£Ȱ̴ɡ
ȻҪǸչչȥ̽غص£˵Ҫȥɾ͸Կˡ
Ҫһսɡ
뻨ͬսֻҪȻҺãͺõöࡣ
ָȥַĳСǣ֮Ҫեˮե
СǸҸϱζе˳Ϊƽֺüǣĵڴ˵صһգԱߵĴǺƽף޶Ůϵһһֻףһյģƽƽʲô͸ʲôҪ˼һЩôġ仰˵ƽǺƽСܣƽʲôƽ
ĸƽפ¾ƽ˾ǰݷˣ˾Ǯּǰο
ҲܿúõĽӴˣѶˣһҺôҺõļ
߽ӴƽˣƽҲĸˡ
ǻ·һȥˣǻ壬Ǹǳ壬ջ֮⣬ûһ佫ʣǸصʿӣǲô֡
Ȼջʱ飬ϰ䣬˭˵̣ԼἫˣֱ֮š
ģ˵ףС㲻̣ջһԸҪҵĵǲ򶫣ҵĶ£Ҫס
ˣٴıݵҵǰ
Ȼ˵úܺٺã˼䣬ݺᣬ´һٳʤ̵ĳʤ˵ģǻǧ֣ǻˡ
ֻó棬վûһǸˣͳһɵӡ
ɵӺá
̴һƪūǵ³˵İ±ãȥ⻨ҡ󽫡ĻžǺúúã󽫾䣬󽫾Ӣ۸󽫾ܳʤܣ΢ĩ֮ˣһ󽫾ǲҲ󽫾˲ܽķ׷氡
ž˵ҹ۴󽫾֮Ȼǿһɽȥ˵Ҳñ;ɥôܲأҪȴ£ֻܽǰѱһڣһǲһˣ
߶ų͵ʳųͳƣ߰ʮĴ档
ǻҲɵģֻ˵˲˵
˵Ỵֺ̄αؽҴȥأװͶʳءȻﶼ˵ˣǾǸ裬ȥãʤˣһ˻ȥˣֺαأ
˵˵ȥ֮䣬ǻҡˡҪս
Ķ˵˴ȥˣ˵ȻҪһܴҸһ
ļҡٿߵ˾Ͷˣֹһܴ
Ǽϸҡ֪ԼĽģСеԼģеģеŷͶġ
ЩԴͶǰ׸ɵģ඼ڻҡ
һ࣬Ҫߵ͡ôأһǴҡֵ¼¡
Ǵģòãһ̰ӮˣȻֳ
˵ŵ˻١
Щҹڶ߹Ķҡһٱ˴£ˡ
һˣҲҡֵµ˳һܣˡ
ҡȰȥˣ˵Ҳ̸ֻֽ֮ǰʤ̣ߵС˶ܿңҲ
ǰƣҡĻһѲ
ҡɱ͵Ϯ˺ƽ
ƽ̷ʱҲ֮ǰôԼˣǻҵı
ҡɽӳ͵Ϯ׷ɢǰҲһһҹĹ򡪡ƽݾƲʱ̽Ӫأ˵ơ
ҡԼΪӪҪû˳ԮȫֻԼӵˬ졣
ҡǵһܵġ˸ͷ
ļƽҡסˣƽϵƽ׷źƽβҧƽһ϶ɢʹǰͣƽؽԸܸԼĲʹ
Լؽͻغƽδ衣صƽ
ƽٳ


553 ʱʱ
ķʤ, ȻٸƽǽԹ, ˲һһͽƽǷˡ
ƽǴǹٵ̫سԸǰ, 
ĴæӪ, ȥڴ, Խ, ϴܿˣϴ˲, ҹϴҸͬ, ҵĳһ, ģôۿ泤ܿأǴТ
Ѻ͡ľǴ˵Ķ󻹴żƻΪ״˵ҲҪ, 㾡ȫĲΪ, ģȻԸչ˸ס
ԭ̫ػ̫ţĶǵǶ, һġ
ĺúõĽȥ, ó˧ԭ̫ش·˵, ӡ
ԭ̫ȻҰһȫ, Ҳһ, һĺ, Ҳ̹סڵ¡
Ȼǻҡ
佫֮סûʵġ֪ȫ佫ʵĴ󽫾ɴȴû֪ĸС
ǻðѾĶӣ֪
ĵʱְءòɱԮѺƽˣ˧
ȻǾ˻ҾҲѻҾȥˡ
ĵպ˷̨޹й
ĺеƽԭ̫˲ͶˣԸĺͺƽǣߣ߽ãƽϻķ˺ƽؽ
ƽԭ̫ػ˼ҼҵĴӪУҲòøĸĳ⣺Ī£˵ڸߴƽڵʹǺƽҪ󽫾
Ǻƽʱڸ֣ȻʵپѶȥʸ㹻ġ
ҲǺƽϽ˰ʸҲˡ
Ǻƽʵ۴ǰ˵ԸǰҾ׳Ϊʵ۵Ĵ
ʺƽ뷴
Ժƽһ򣬾ͰԼ䵽·ȥˡ
˵ʤƽ´ȥƽ룡
и⡣
ǴϲǾ壬һк˵ɻҡͷ̾ĳʵ֪Ǻá
ҡƢʱ֪Ķ֪ˡһԴû֪֮Ҳ϶òˡƽڣʵ졣
ƽԭ̫سĬƬ̣ٳˣ²û취ҳ
½֮ߡ
Ŀġ
֪
ƽԭ̫˵Ըҵĳӣȥƽ潫
ǶλְС˵ЩӹӲȿڡ
ΰݣлԮ֮顣˵̧ͷӯ˴˾٣һֵ
һкĻСȫԭ̫ǰͷл
ԭ̫ɫңã̾һڳ
ȻҪˡ
Ǿ°˻ɪɪԼӳˡ
ĳббͣڲԶĴڱ߿ޱڿӣϻһʬ壬Ǵ֮ҲǴСŻǾĴ֮һ
ֻǸӶˡһһˣǾ̲סҪᡣ
һȥһڿӡ
Ĩ˰ᣬͷ˵ȥŰɣͺá
Ǿȥǰ˻жĸΪĸ׸ղΪ˱ڴİΧ֮У߱ȫĵط
ɵʱɱۿо籼װɱ֮ΧЩͭǽڰľ߽֮⡣
ʱֻһͷܣ
ȻʱȰ˧ܶ룬һʼܣ˶ܣʿûж־ˡ
ʱʲôȥеıӺҪתͷߡ
ǻˡ
ͷĳһͷŵоߺ󣬵оʹ󺰣˧ˣ
ˣ
ҵĴҲˡ
ղŻƴɱĻҾȫһɢеųì̫£Ȼеܣ¼ܣǱ׷һͷ­
бԵ˵ˣ˵ϡ
ǼųʮǿסĻŲ·ӣ涫ϱ
֪ʱ׷ʧˡǼܣֱҲܲˣˣǲͣ
ڵһʱһ˵ˣѾû취ˡ
˵˴ûˮԴԵȣȥѰˮĴһۣ˵ӲҪܣȥ̽ˣ֪ʲôطΧûг壬֪ϸΪ˹ӵİΣ룬СΪϡ
ǾͷǮȥˣЩʳˮ
ٵɨһۣͷ˵֪˵ղݲһ־ˡ
˵Сȥ޳˵޺á˵Ҳˡ
ǾľȻļڿӡûпղŻеıӺ
ŴǰǻˣȻһͿء
ֱ˱
ֱˡ
ϸĵĺʹ˰ѿںãȾѪ۵ѣøɾ¸ȥĴ˵װúõİˡȻСȥͳһռڵĲ
ʲôûлӡǵģܻǮģռ
Ǿ˵ţȡ·塣
С˱߿ڻǾµ׵װʱƽϢˡ׵ĶǾƽʱĺãһ˿ԹҲȥ
ȥҳһʰϸ˳󣬾ŵķֻǾˣ
Ѱң콥ˣֲָ֮£ֻó֮棬ȼѰңһСӣӣ
˷ͷѰңС߶һǳһŵڻĵѰ٣޳ֵУͷǹİԲ¡
һֱҲǾ︡ϲԤС
ӣС˲ҷŸ־ѹš
ͻȻ
С̰ѻӵϣʯȻӭܣ
ܻҽ̵丸ҲӾֱڶϰ䣬ǹ졣ֻСûɱˣԵһμʶսʱˡ
ѾˣͶˡ
ǵøղ·ĵطһݵأ
׽̹о;з׷ˣҪţҪǰܣΪǰ·㶼죬ܣҪƫղʱ·֪ղžĵطʲôƣ׷˲֪Ѱһ֮أúòԼ׷ȥߡ
ɵܵݴڲݴԿӶ䣬ץһͿͷͷͲᷴ¹⣬Ͳᱻ˿ˡ
׷
ֵǣͷ˴·ʶ
ǹ֮ˣǰͶŵġ
׷
Ѿ
С˲ǣԼš
һ׷ȷʵ׷Ľӡҹģǰܵ»ĵطԭת˼ȦϸѲ飬ȥȻѻӵ
С˰ޣ˵˵Ӧѻ潽ϨͿԻȺˡ
Ȼ̣ͻᷢӵ滹ûã
ҵģ
СΪԼҲҪʱ򣬲Զˡһϣ̾Ͱҵˡ
Ȼû취Ĺһ󣬰Сõˡ
С˻аض̵صΪˡ
Ϊ˵㲻һҹ𣿡С˶ʱȵǵðӣҪ𣿣
ԻǾݣˣҲҪϱúõͻҲŶԡ
СЩ˸ҵðҹӣӶɳˡ
ΪЦȻǲҵġҵȻú滨˸ʬ
С˻䡣
ȥɣҲҹʰʰȻص̨۶˻
С˿ĹӡӰڵϣһϯӣһ̽һ׵ڡա˿䡢ǰȫ罦Ѫۣˡ
ɹԾǹӣô߹
С湫Ӳϴɾ»˸ɾ·һֱڹʬԣ粽롣ֱص˷̨˺СòڻеĶ̵˽
ûбùӣڰѹӰȻĴػңҲڿĿˡ


554 
Ǿһ, ⿴ƽû
ƽҵǾ, ƻ, ֮Ҫͬƽ£Ķ
ıǶˡ
Ψһǻ, Ǵʤ, һһ죬Ǻƽû˵ġ
ңµﻨ, Ը⹦͸Ĩȥ
ⲻ쿴ƽףƽĻ
Ǿˡ
һĴ˧󽫾, ôģҪôͣôͲںƽ
ƽԭ̫ؾƽԭ̫صǣ, һ
ߵ˼һ¡Ĳﻨ, ƽԼ档
ڻǾ, ô˾֣˵, ֻܰˮǾˡ
Ǹ, ҲֻԾԽ͡Ծ, 
ʲôƽ˵, Ǻ˵ֻ»ҲİҪûˮ, ǲ, ˲ճȻҪ, Ͳվ
ɻұվǳ
ֻЦ
վչ
պǶԼҡ
ƽһļ, Ҷ´, ҪѻҸˡ
ƽȥдһ, ǾԺҪǮҪҪˣ˾ʹץˣɱǺööˣôôôûУǻ˺ƽ֮ŮΪūŮԾ
֮顣
ûȥƽѾ̧űǾѹ˵Ĺľһ·̨ȥˡ
žĵ뿪ˡ
ܣֻǻǾһ˻ٻҪٴȥ
ƽЩͬ˰ĳǱͰ˰ѱУʹ
ƽһ·ȥ̨״ʵĻǾζ飬һ罻õĳǳء
гǴƴһֱ̨µ˲Ƚӵ˺ƽš
˲ǹٵ̫ʵǱغμҵģνĴǹʵ˲˰һжѡ֮ǰҪ޵꣬ΪЩչ̨˲뿴ģһչˣ͸Ͻ˺Ǯӱ͹ȥˡ
͹ȥչˡŴչʺͰο˲μҺܸж
չ㣬˵ĸ˵һͨǣʳģǵơ
μҷ̨ڶȻ岻֣ҲֻܸվſֵģҲ뿴һܲҵô
֮һƵչӴ߹ϵԽܺ󣬺μҲչġ
ԭչڵʱʱ͹ѡũҵΪĳǳء
˲籣ƽˡ
Щǳһ⣬ȫǴǣȫڽذմȫֵΪΪʳḻˣЩǵİշܵÿ죬׳㡣
ЩطǺܺʵġ
ȱ׳֮󣬸ָžҪӰ졣
μ˾չ˼ƺݶɴ˼ȴһɹҲǳأȻչҲԸһζãһơ
չΪֻС֪СҲܰ˧Ʒ
չͰдŸμңʾǽ겻Ҫ֯ո֣ܣֹմ
μҵȻԸ⡣չⲻ볯Ĳ֣ҪƷİѱμ˲Ϣֹٴ˲Ϊһ壬վ˲μң
μҷչֵûģðո֣Ȼչ˵ģԼȥ̨μ̫˴
֣ո棬չĶڷ̨ˣֲᵽ˲
㣬һ̫꣬ȻҪָҿȻչԣȵĩ˲Ĳ˰ʹˡ
ԣ־һ֮ͬˣһͬϱǹ٣ָǰҿˡ
ǲδĿ˰浽̨ȥ粵Ҳ䵽·硣
Ȼžˡ
ǱоʧģϾ̸ֽվǳſˣźڵҲûС
˲μеڻᶨĳԵġʵڷ̨ϣʵ۲ҲЩͷĳʵʴӡ
μҵʱʱ˷߷ߵǵӵģʵ۵Ļл˵ȥǲȥǲҾʵõģһ󳼵ģ
裬
˭ָʹĶ˼Ҽū
ʵʲ
Ҳ˵ܷġμҵҲûиǲҪָֻ˵ڣμҪһ
ǾͲ˵
һǼȲָɣҲչָɡ
˵䲻ģλʲôе»лۣչйǵģ
˲μˣȴˣ׼һ˾Ǻɣ
˽Ǻ㣿
ǻʵۣҵȳǹǸɱ޶
ǻʵּۣұԲǲ
ҲǻҵϵӪ˲ţѺ֮⣺Ƕ˵˵ģҾ߸㿴Ϸô
˲֣˾ˡ
˰˲Ǻ˵ʵʲô֪ȻôʣҾͰǵĻͻط̨ôǾɡ
дͻػҡ
ﶮͷβⶼǻͳġǺܾܻš˵õĲһ
ô죿
ĸ룬óˣһ߳ˣǻҲô졣
пܰ
ĸҲֲҪ¸鷳˰ȥˡ
Ҳһ֧ΧǣŵĸֵΧǡ
һ׮ʮþȵҲҪŻ⣬һ˲أԻĸת͵ŵʱҲ̫Ծ
ϸ룬˸˲õţ£Χǣݴ𣿴˾ΧŰɣǵԼʿҪӪС
˲ײĲᡣǿӲȻҰĳȫշԺʣԼӲ
ΪⷢˡڼȻ˲£ǾͲﵢʱˣЩ߽ȥ˲ҲһΧˡ
ȥͨˣ˰
ȥ˵ܿʱûǮ˰أȽҲСҲģǽɱˣǽֻҪ˴ط̨ûʵ󣬶ǽǱ֤ôߵģô϶Ҳûʵɱˣðɣ
Իڵݵλ֤Ҳ㹻ˡ
Ǿ˵ãһЩʱ䣬üʰһ¡
˵ãҾʹ˵ţʲôʱʰˣʲôʱǾߣȼҲ޷
ϣžͱɱˡ
õȲŻ֪б䣬ԴҲ벻˸Ҵ򻨼Ҿ
򻨼ҾǷ
ֲʲô˵£ǹ٣˰뿹֮ǰ޵˰㶼ôˣʵۿ϶ῼһ£࣬ٸһЩôⲻ
͸ϱųܣϱȿһޣ˵һ˵Լ࣬ˣˣɻˣſ϶ҪҪ򼸰ư껹Ҫ㣬Ҫ˵֮ǰˣԺٸɵ㡣
·
Ϊ͵˵ɱŵ
˵ֵܱ˴ӺΧɱƬײʱѾˡ
ǱӪұɢֵЩǻӣָӦǾΣԻһһʮ𼱵ԮӦ
һõ˵еоˣ
ȻڶõҲô˵ˣõҲô˵ˡ
ոһõ˵Ѹȥڶ˻ϣһױ˶ڣ˿ôҲ׶֡ڶԮԺ֪ˡ
·ԮһһЩһʼǷ֧鶼Ǳ󹥻·ӦֻϮһߵģ˭֪õܶһɢЩ˴һõܵ򣬵õܶӲˡ
ﶮˡ
ˡ
֮ǰЩֻίߣ뻨ԼȻҴ˷̨˼ҵȦˡ
Ҫһλҡ
ȥ±ˣֻҪѻҴ̶ѳպȥҳ˾С
õѾȲˡ
￴ŷ·֮ңļǣƫͶʯɡ
ʷƻǣһǣɱ࣬Ӱճɻԭ


555 
ã
Ȼƶ̾, , дرߡ
µҲ, һԡ
˲ԶĽϣڶ
ҳʱĺպһǰ, ǾĹײľ͵, ̹ԵĴһˣʹӻȡԾ
˾̰˴׶˼, зԷﴫ
Ȼ˷ֻǾԾһľͳ׹ȥˡỨǾǱͻģߵĴֻʣһҲԾ, һͬļҶ, ǼĻͶµĸֽһˡ
ҪǻﲻڣĸʵڲԼ, ֻһ߸, һ
Ϻ, ѻǾ, ټ˵ˡ
ʣأβڣĸһ, ˵, ڳУ¹ش, ʵڲ, 
ü, , Ҵ, , ҲȻĹĸб׵ֶȷʵ
Խɫ˵ֻһ˰ˣҲ˵㻨ҶˣֻҪʤˣһ˵ʤ޹ؽҪ
ĸһ仰ؼҺ˵˵ȲŷЩ
һ˵ǵȻô˵·֪ʤǸ
ĸô죿ڷ̨޳Ī
Ǿɥʱܰ죬ǹǹҪۣĸ˽Ǿʬưã͵ʬ׵ǿᡣ
ֻõȻ˵Ϣ㡣
ϻҹûãһ·˱߿ޱĽ˷̨ҡǰǾˡ
ƵȻ̻ҵƣʥּơ
Щߵ˵ǾΪʥּǳʱͷǳţиϣȥ;ݾȫ򷭣ȻҪŮʥּܡ
ǳһһŮ磬Ҫ̾ƵŮŮΪ˳иĸ̺򣬲ϻǾһ֮󾹽ŮӸдֺ Ů裬ֻԾ丸ĸҪʬŮûһ⣬ʹڰŮ֮ȫԾˡ
Ѫᣬġ
Щһ·һ·߱СǾĶҲ¡
ҹţ֪ʱѾˡȥ׽Щ֪Ӻδˣ״
ĸ֪æѼ˶ǣдѡ
ƾǿǾΪ֪˲֪Ʒԣͻƣǿ޵ÿΪ档ĸ̾ƴ˿ǻǾȶ£ôᱻʹأ
־ֺޡ
ĸ˵ʱٱŲֻǻҾͱˡ²˳٣̱ѣԮ֣ʱһȥ̨һҪסҰ
㳲һ־Ҳ䵽˷̨˵С
ڹǣϢеͺ󣬻ǽϢġ
ʣҪʲôʲôҡͷգǼҲȱҶ༸ϾǴģڴ⣬ֻ̨Ҫɵңڴʱ侮ʯһĻһҸ棬ʮǿǡ뵽ЦһЦôһɳ嶯ýȥһѻ𡣺뻹ˡ
̫СҲ˴ֺ֣αذ׷ʽǣߵ˶³ӡΣ³ӡΣûȥ³һۣЦ춼ҹ˵ѧȥѧǶҪȥ³֣Կһء
³֣֮֮࣬࣬䣬Ҳֵһۡ
ڸУ³õġ
ͷȣ鲻Խĺһã
ã
ҪǲҪרע̨µķˣڷ̨Ҫעϵ־꣬³ⴵֻ˵ʵУд˵ֳǡǣҲиͷ̳ǣڽеĽذ֣׵³ǵȵȣ֪³ǸпΪĵط
ʱʿѧʵеִĳѧ˵ȥһ˾ͻʮģȻҲоʹڱصġ
ȥѧģѧʶʶصȶȱ³Щγˣ
ʼýһ³ѾˣСȥְ֮һֱţȻڹҲŻɣǶСĲ˵ݡòϺõģһƷʵ³ܺʡ
С鴫˸ط̨ȥרְӼ³ˣܹ仹㣬ֻҪ³棬³⣬Խ
Сӵܵҽޣϻȥ
ڽѾ˹ǺȥŰӹġ
˵ȥҪһķ̹һ湫¡

̨Ҫʱ򣬳չͿ춷ˣҪʤʱˣ
Բȥ
û취ȥ˷̨Ҳúðµġ
СˣæƼҵ˵Ըȥ˵ӵȥ̨³
еԥöСݵȥ³סңýһҵơ纣ǹռҴţ纣ռҵĹϵҲûϣȻֻǷǳǳһĹϵ£ȥҽסͲˡ
ȥռҲУռҪ³ֻվһ߿ô챻ȥ
򷢶СˣԼ뻹ûкʵѡ
С󣬼Ⱦֻڡ湫꣬ԹͶء˽ܾȴδѡǲ룬ȥ̨϶õģֻ̫СŹ˹
תȥȾƣƺԣ̣ʹ顣
ЦãģΪ¾ɱҲ᲻
ֱ٣ÿһҪﾡáֺ̱αصأҿǰȻġ
С鱻̵һ죬ͷ˵ֻǡ¡
ıӴ
޵ǲ֪صˡһΪһʱηӣ˹Ĵô죿
Ѵǡ
С˵ʹסʹպһкȥڣصµֻ벻޵ɣ
Цȴģ˵μˣμڹҲòȥ϶֪ˡ
״ƺʶμǲǶ޼գڴ׳֮
ҡͷûС׳֮ˣҲ
μܰ鳤٣Ǻܺ
ʶС֪֪Ӷ˿ôˣǰҲǴ֪֪ˣ˭֪һˣڼЪ˼£Ҳûλӣ丸ӡҲء
һ߷һ߸СȰƣ;л̶ŶСȥأ°ˡ
˯һҹ˵С档
¶࣬Ҫ̺أʱû
ιӺԼŮһԾ˵ĸ׵κ󣬲öС
ϣСһֻ۾Ƶķ̹⣬¾˵Ҫȥ̨ԣη£ˣҪμһ˶μ
ȶˡ
΢Цͷ´֮󣬴ͣ˾Ѿͽ˰ϳ˻Ķ͸ӣٸϸ칫Ͱ׸ţһоͰ˸ˡ
С˳һֱ˯ϲѡҰӵ㡣
ãȻ̺ĴˣĴ˺ЦĿӣͷ
ȥĶȥҡ֪ȥ̨ɶˣǹķԸΧǹˣʵڲöС˵ʲôõĻ
СãȻϴͷֶˣ˯
˯˵ڶƳˡ
˸ϴ£Ҹˣ˼εˮǺúúȽȥˡ
С齪ͷ࣬ͷҲһˡ
Դ˵ҡ
˵ͷС˵ӣ˰ɡ
С鱯Ҫޣʱ˵Ļ䶼̵
³һĻĵϣֻһ±շ·ۣӺǰȥ
³̶߳·
Ҳǹ߳·
Сվ·ϣ૵ѵһЩ𣿡
վ˰Σ̫ɹͷۻֱ˷ϳȥˡ


556 ̨
תá
ϾֻһС, о඼Ǹ³ģǸضСز, ֻƾյһ硣
Բôڣûӡ˻ϵӿ, ˿Ҳڲͣӡ
ȶж, ɱ, ֻɱ١, ǡ෴, Ҳֻɱ٣ɱա֮, ĹʮķҲͬС, ޷ǮɫȨ
ץɴؿͷ
ͷϲ˶ĵطƼг, аǿ
ֻһ㲻ͬͷڹſڡ˵ǰաͷͷͷԵð˽, ͷܿһ
, ڹſ˸, ƽʱٵ˳, ˵ؾͣЪ, ȵҪͷ, ˴ӹ, ѺſڣҶǹãƽյͬվͿڴ˵رƥ˺顣
Լ˵̫ѪˣҲвӬ͸ĳɿͷˡ
ԣȻֻʮͷЧȴܺá
ճɾЦˡȻŰ꣬׬Ǯǰͷ׬ļࡣ
·ˣֻǳ˰յ
ܽһˣܲ˵Ǹˡ
Ǯ¾ͿԸˡ
ȥͨҡߵˡ
һ֪ǹϵ̾һ亹ֻ½Ҳйˡ
ɫ֪뵽ʲôĴ˲벻ͨ
ɫһͻָ֪ͨˡҲ˰㻹˵Ǻ£þɡ
ʣռҪҪ
ҡͷǮֻҪˡȻΡЦ˵Ҫӵù칫֣˵
ѲɣΪռαػ٣
˵㿴أ˵һ֮˵һ㣬óؿҪù
˵Ҳ֪ظļҵù϶һùģֻǾ칫ͳģѡ
칫ͳһϺ꣬һǵᡣ
Ϻ϶ȥɱҪʵ۶֣ɻʵǸ裬ǳûɱˡ
ҳǸçˣ㲻ͨ԰㲻¡
ȻĿǰǸڡ
Ҳܹ³̨Ҷڴչڼܡλ󳼶ܿһѵ˸˵ö֮Ҳ벻һѵһͷõĶࡣ
ܲµȻʲôҪ֤ӳаȻͿһ֮£֮ˡ
ĵط
һʱôȷ칫һ
ڶ뿿ڰѳռˣԾ
Ҳ˵᲻˶ƳԾֻҪ֮ڿڣó֪ķӦһֱӣɵȻ
˼ʽǳӵġһӣ**Ǹ
ɣǳӡ
ҲûܹܵҾ
ǰ׽ϵһ׸ңϵȽһ׸ūͣµȡʵһףʵۡ
ʵҪѧιʵѧˡڳһмʵۣ϶ȻĴ󳼡ʵ۵ķӦ϶ǡ˵ˣ޾ˣȥɡ
Իʵ˵ܹ˵޴ˣ޸һġѾǧѰʥʵˣֵʷмһʡʵɣ°
һʵ۵ķӦǡȻ˵޴ˣȻ˵˶ɵ
Ϊʵ۵Ĺùãɷ̨ĽȥȻץˣɱˣ칫ȳ˵ֶ֮ʲôҲɲˡ
Ȼˡ
Ϊ칫һֱڹҰġ칫ãΪΪȻҰģȻѾ׾ٵİ칫ѹסˣ
ʲôأʹǰͷɱ˻ǧһ򣬶һǧȷʵйʧ
óɱ
Ю볯֮ʩѹ
ܡšҲɱ϶ţܵеùᱻɱ
óһط̨ʮܹɱ
ֻǻ֪ȻɱеȻеˡŮȻֻ֮һģӰ
ֺᾪŭҲ֡
ΪϧȻ֪ʲôݡλҲ᲻Ȼڷ̨жӰ
ֻҪ֪һ£Ȼɱ
ͻɵȻˡ
һ飬ֻҪͣ칫֡
̨ôãûп칫ء
Ҳηηβ׳֡
Ϻꡣ
̨£ҡ
Сٴεţ
ϴȥǡò𡱣ôͻ϶Ҫһ͡
칫ǰʵڲһС£ء
ϻǱ˸˹֮ͳƲڻԴ˵֮ǰǲʵԼ̫С
칫ǰ㡣
ЦСǸֱԵӡԼôˮ
ϵľӣҪԴ̹Ȼ䵱ģֱ˵ԼСۣΪСģ治ࡣ
Сͷϴ
칫ͷȻˣǰ¾Ͷˣڼסţʱֵ˵˵⿪ˡ
Сôˡ
Լڷ̨ûʲôѵġ˭ʶأ
ÿݷõͲСˣСȥҵֻҪѰˣͺƤȥǵ͡˿϶Ҫܣ³ĳĳϡͻ˺棬ף³Ρ
Сͳûʼ³
һ̾һ󣬱һһ
³ң˵³ϵİһ˵һģ
³Ҳȷʵֵ˵˲³ԡ
ˣͿʼڵ³ˡ
֮ͬǰĳϴش³ָʾϴҪ˶ȥһ³źá
򴵣³֪ľһһʮĴˣ֪ľ˵֪
֪Ļͦࡣ
˵ǰ³иǰפǰҰѳְұ̿ŰⷮǾͱҰѳˣϱƽǣҪ
𴦣۾ġ
ͽ˵ⷮҾͶᵽֳˡ
ˣ
ֵٺⷮǾ͸ĳƷˡ
ˣȵȣΪʲôᵽֳǣǶΧǴ𣿶С飺԰Χ˰ΪʲôᡭҲ֪ҸǼûʲôǰᵽֳǺһֱסڳ
࣬ôµģϸĵط㲻ˣ
Сֵﰡиɳǣ
㣬֮
ʣƺ󽫾أС飺֪ͻȻ䣬˾ûˡ
ʣǱأıأС飺Ҳˡ
ˣ
С飺Ҹ˵ɳǾ͸Ϊ̳ˣ
ˣôָˣ
Сٵﰡһ
˵Щʼ³Ļƶ³֡
ǰߣ̨Ѿ֪ˡϾȥʳ³У꣬ʳѾֶˡǶʳкøУϾϱˡ
ǸժǹժƲʳĹҲǶ꣬С
С鿪ʼ˵³֡
Ͳòһǵ³ˡ
˵³Ϊ³д֣ͰѼָĳ³ָѧ
̱˽ȥ
ûѧֵزĴأ
Ȼ
ϡŶ


557 Ǻ
СƤ¸, ҵȻӣÿ춼ȥ, һСһһ, ò, Сѹ󣻶, ҲʱԤճ, ⷢʲô֮¡
칫Բ, Уˡ׸֮, ÿ˵˵С鶼ڽʲô
Ȼͷ˵۾һһ
Ǹֶ, ҲӵˣÿƵ, ǳߣ
α˷ǣô˵ҿͷԵʣǷһʼűϷţֳǸΧˣתͷͱҲҪ, ҲҪ, żСֳܵȥ, ǵ٣벻ͨģôЩұǱ߷, Ҫ߷, ϶Ǹô˰Щܲûôֳȥ˰ɣ
칫, ֶͣҵ֪һ㡣ⷮԹ˼Ϊ, ʱ˼һˣй˹ģȥ³ˣ˹ķġֶ۾ֱˣ˹ķģôԼֳˣⲻ̫԰ɣ
칫˵³͸˸ٵǸأһºôй˼һҵˣͶˡ
ֶ룬ҡͷǲͨѲҼҶиУܴ򶯹ķģ
칫Ѱ׸н˵ġ
׸ãȻúܡͱ칫ңٷعǡ
Ȼ󻨼ҳ˵Ѿһ˧Ծˣܹˡڷ̨ȫǵǴսܸΡ
ҲܽźżҪǰˣûطˡأŵ
̨һٶûսˣǰòʱϾûǧﰭۣҪôÿҪôǮڻˣʲôֲ֪һܣ׸ǧˣ̾ǧڣ϶
žͱ޳ǧ֮δܼΪһ̶ûҴӻҵһ·԰֮⣬ûս̨ʮ
ġʤܡôģ
Ƿˮԣ̹֮Ҳ˺ӣкӺƢģһҪ˰ٻأ˷ʱ䣬ҪϽȥ棬Ȼأ
Ͷ˵Ҳ֪飬ⶼ³ϴġ³˶ô˵
칫Цֶèץһ
칫ЦԻֺ꣬αعأ
˾ǿͻˣ칫ֶǣͶˣôס
סĲֹһǸСģ׸һģ˳ʰ׸³ǲĺʱ˵³˺üʮ˵أ
׸ͷġҼǵ³ʮĸֵգʮ³õĹ٣ƽʱҲɱģ³˵򣬰³¡
Сʣһأ
׸磺Ǹ꣬³İ衣
Сľҡͷ̾³ˣ³Ҫܰ⻰˵꣬ͻȻú񲻶ԣ³ûаܰⶼǰˣǷ
룬ԼͨˡضΪ³Ҫѡ¸³ţһˣ
ȥСȥ֮Ҫ˵仰
³ȥذܣ
Ϊβܣ
ֶ칫øʣҹ³֮աӶС鿪ʼ³ٹĸˣÿضǰ˸ˣǱߵĳǡͷˡ
Ϊʲôͷأ
ǴκôˣıûôԹø͸
Ԫ֮լӵȴżСͶ³ȥˣӲͣ˵һҳ൨ĵĺóӣ
ңٳͶ
˫ӡԬ޵ȵأȫ³óϷ
ѵ³ȫҳ
˾Ͱ˼⣬칫Ī³۱˵³֣һֻŪȨ֮һ³ȴȫ³ǲֳʺ֮µķǣסֳͨǵĺӵҪֻضϺӵܶϾֳֳǱɹ³ǣ첻Ӧеز飬𴦵ҳԮá
³󽫾ҪҪҪ

³ҲɰôܲأΪʲôأ
ֶԼóˣ³֣ǧһӢͳ
칫
ֶǲ³¶ҳӡһҾˣһҳ
˵³Ӣ仹⣬³Ӽλûɹһ£
ֲʶΪѧԾѼֱĿȫǣ³¶ѧʲô³֡
ⶼ³ײˡ
³û³еĳǲѧ³ֳ֣ǡǡ̳ǡֺϡꡭ³֮һĳǶѧ³֡
Ҳˡ
ڻʵ˵ѧѧļ֣Ѽֱһѧδ³ôĺ
˵֮һĳ³̨֣£֮һʵ۵Ķ˼顣
ʵֲǸġ³ǰֳǶȥѾѰ³ץˡ
ֶɣԵʡ
³ÿУֺڱһƽ£׻ֱ
칫ֶ˵ȥ³һΡ
칫
ĳۿ³޻ǼޣҪôţλ³ôãҪôǼٴţǴΪҪأ
ҲȷʵعлʵϷŪΪ֡ѵ³Ը
칫ͿֶһѾɵ³ȥˣ׳־˵Ҫдһ³Ŀשߡ
ԥҪд³ֻдĴȻУѽҪҪǰ³дȥأǻĹͶඡֻдһֻдԵⲿ鲻˿ɻ
ǰ˼룬Զᣬתͷ칫
칫
칫ƤһƾһᣬСࡣ
ֶһ칫˯ˣŵ˳ȥˡŵſڣ׸磬ȱȥ˯ء
׸ͷʹ˳ȥŵĽţͼ칫С
׸羪ȣʦ˯𣿡칫һۡС˵ղһֱߣˣ˵ߺߵ£ߺߵʣʲô£
׸磺Ǹ浣ǹȥ̽С
칫ĵһۣȥаȥȥһᱻƭġ׸磺ҡô
ʹװװһǰǡ
У˽й١˻аʮٹ͵ˡ
йٹƶ飬˵ĸҵӵܣ˵º·ԳǾʦóһľ֤ݡ
˵˵ΪҲû˵ʲôͽһ¸˵ˣ˵³£˵һ·ĳǳضʲôšȤš
˽
Ǽ͸ƵģյֳʱҲ˸
˵ȥֺϡǡءˮءӴصȵأһƽ
̳ӱˡȫ͵֣ȥֵˡ
֣ʮųǣĿǰѾ˶ʮһǣͶ
Ȼ֣أȴе³³
Ϊ֣ʮһĿǰڽ¡
֣һ֣һֵ֣ص־Ͳˡ
ѽذƬ֣׵ĺ֣ʮųһγһ͵ֲߵʱ
Ȼֲֲܼĵطȫ͵֣ȥˡ
˵Щ˵֣أ޲ңԹͽж¡
˵Ҳǽ֣ˡ
ֻ˵ôһ仰֮ǰԲƼ
аЦڶ˾ýӡ㣬֣ȻЩСҲ˰ɣƽʱܰ˶㣬øҲСӦûûµġ
ֻϧԶ
лҽڣ
ȥе޲ߵĸоʲġ
Ȼع̾˵ʱֻʣʲһ취ˡ
Ȼ˵һ··ϼʬףɢҰؼı

ս߿ܾ߰ǣƵϴսˡ
ԶԶһ֧ӣվԶûܿģֻǿ֧¡
Щţ׷ϡһҹû׷ֻˡ
˫۷һΪ˲ŰΪⳡ̡
ѾȻ볯ˡ
ֻܰѰء


558 
ǰˡ
Ϊ³̴, ³̨һ·ϣֻҪ˵³̣˰Щ, ס꣬, ȴˡ
Ҳģֻʲôۡʳʲôۡʲôۡʲôۡʲôۡ
б˵, ˳һ⡣³ʱ˳żٳεģⶫﶼóȥ, ΪǴ, ƽͷҲ, Էǳ㣬Ǯɺʹˡ
³֮һƽĺõأн˵, ɽƽ, ûʲôģûи¶¡
Խ̨, ˮԽ࣬Խůʪģ, Ҫһ·ûŮ, Ұ, Թ, Ҳʡ·ͷҲϴ, ҲعΡ
һ׳ϹѺֶ⸱ӣҲͲ·ԶԶͱԶˡ
ȥ̽ˣһ·˵ǰһ˻ǣСԽȥϢϢһ·˵߲̫ƽˡ
ǰгǾ˼ӿŲʣһͲؽš
̽üʮʬױ˿߰㣬һ·Ǳ׷ſġ䣬С˵һӡͳӡǹ˾
ˣϵҲˡ
ôӼǰĳߣ˸̽ȥĵط
ĵϣҰȫ˲̤շ̾˵Ҳǧһˡ
ֻȳ·ж֪ˣⲻǳǷСĸҲɴ
ǰߣԶСҲȫˣ궴Ӷ߶͹ˣˮԴҲˣ˵ķ㡣
û𣬴ﶼԵġ
ҵӪĵطûпȷˣܡŲ𶼲
ûн˻ǣֻȥ
һʹˣ˵ǻڴ棬ɱ
˵֣һ˵ǻҰˣһ˵ǻʤˡ
˲ף˵󽫾ҿɲˡʤǰܰ˵ǰ
֪սº󣬽ͷֳӣһԾɰˣǾͽͣһ⣬һ´¡
ϱУˣһɷҰС
ٻϣ˶ֹԭ³ļٳαһǧ೵
ǰǹˣһĨ˰ѺԼϿٿϿЦһҸطϴκͷɣ
ȻôȥӴ
֡
Եˡ
Ϊ˻ӭٰǶӱĵطժǹǰĴ㳡ϡ
չʾΪʲôҪôĹ㳡򳡣Ϊ˶డΪְΪڶడ
ԵȻڽ̨ϿģӸ£ú
Իͷһؿִ͵¸Ӷһʮˣ伫Ųڣһս
ڶ࣬Ҳְ˾Ҳд󽫾ƫƫȷʦȣֱǸС͵ľӡ
ֳҲΧ۹Ұ֮Ҳ³򣬵ʱǼȺУûڸߴ
һ֮£оһ
ǰӵǲ·
³ճϷУպ³䶼һսĽ
뵽е㲻̫ҿߵ³ˡ
һֱȻҲ³һҲûرС
Ҫ֮ڣʱ̫ˡ
칫Ѿ⣬ҪҺһ·
ڻʵҪһʺ
ڷ̨Ҷ˶ƽѾΣΣ
Ƕġеƣ֪ҪеΡ
ðĸף岮۹Ծڳϡ
ôһӣôѻҡռҡëҶѹȥֻҪ⳼μģҾͿ
ʵ۲أ
гͷϵ죬Ҫأ
ûõ
칫Ҫһ֮ˡ
³ȨȨơëŵ㣡ڣ
³ǲǿʢ³ǲģҲҪһ³̫Զ³ϻʺ֮ΪȺλƱҪ³³ǿΪã֧Żʵۡ
ôᷢ¡
˶ڻʵã££¡ЩӲŵ
ԿЦ
ǰʮǰȵ۵սսʮѾڲʵۣԻʵûһ˿η֮ġ
ٹʮأ
ʮ꣬ٹʮأ
Ĺ
˭֪Ұĵ׻ͳʲô˭ܱ֤ٹʮ̨꣬µܰسӱݣֻҪһ֮£֮ϵ˾͹ˣ
һ뵽ˣʣµľͶ뵽ˡ
ԿͻȻòˡ
ĺܺã³ôأƺӵ̨֮󣬲ûҲܽܵ¡
¶ҵĽϡ
Ұģȴûм볯ã
ʱ볯Ϊ飬ҿܾͻˡ
ܾʺ֮λȴž͹Ȼ򣬻˽Ů
˽Ůҿܻỳ⡣
ڰһһ飬ոɵȥˡ
Ϊ벻ͨ
㲻³һôߡ
Ϊʲôô
Ҫʲô
칫֮ǰ̸Ҫȥ³
Ůɲ⡣칫ҡͷΪǸȨ֮ˡȰȨʲôȵϻʺջأ
˵³Ҳûоܾʺ󡣡˵ֻǡȨ⣿
칫˵ȨʲôأʲôȻʺȨôݳۿΪжȨΪʲôģ
˵ɱǧɱˣºһûУ˵ʥּͷˣ˵ͼʮͳˡ
⻹
칫ĸ̾Ϊʲôģ
Ӯ׶䡣
ʳѾˣҿȡáӮӽк͡
ŮQԽԽоˣ˴۵úܡһţƤģ˿ԼڹϱģΪʮϲÿ۾ҪȥĹģһϷϻ߸СʱʱҹǺĹĵ˵ġ
ı֧ӣ֮ðԲˡ
Իһ˵ãȥҲС棡Խ˵ˡ
Цǰ׸ҪܿˡڵӦòôܿϰ׸ˡӦ˵׸ǵ㼿ǰѾƵˡ
ҡͷ̾ǰڹ߶˵ڼţ˶ҪľˣֻŸϽѺ˺ҹ
ǰҲüŮڼʲôã滹û޳ȥأڼÿ춼ڸĸߣɷС´棬ֻҪʲôã
˵ǰѶ鵱ǲѧϰɳԺһƽ¡Ӳ֪ѧĶóģ
˵ǰֻѱһ飬дһƪøɳɾڵҲ֪ǰжЦҶġġѧġ֪ģͳͳãֻѧ˾ͰﵱˣҡͷƺҪ˵˵˳ɵӽзͰ䲻ǷͰͰǿԵġ
ûʹǳȥˡϾǡŮӣʸ̫ܣһò¾е̫ˡ
ȥסҵġԶš
ͦϲڵġÿ͡ķءԶˣôҲҪԼסʮŽдˡ
հߣˣҴܽ˵ˣ
Ҫ˵ǰ֪С˭ĺҲˣȹʱСɢɹ̫֮Сǻʲô֪ģ
֪֮ǺݺݵĲһµġ
Ͼ󽫾Ҳս
˵֡
Ҳְ
֮ͻˡ
ʲôأ
Բԣ
󽫾˭ָ˭أ
Ǻҵġ
һ󽫾ƾˣźѸˣˣǹ١
Ȼˣϴͷ߻·ǱڱĹġ
ΧתϴЦ۴Ϸʡůϵ̾Ŵ󽫾ˡһ
ⱨˣӭȥˡ
ů⼸һˣǰݺ󣬴ԣŶء
ůͷ˵ˣ
ˣ
֣ûС
ڹﰡ
ֻйˡ

Сˣ
ˣ
ˤ̨ˣ
ůĴܹȥ䣬ࡣ
ûվá

̨̫ˡ
˫ĿԲɣ㣬һƼܹǰǸУǸС޵Ůӡ
ָŽ䣺е
һڿˮð˸ϴĿˮݡ


559 
Ǹʢĺӡ
ѵ磬˯, Եö, , ĸŽӻҪֳ൹ΪСÿҹҪ׼ʱһ, һٽ˯϶ûǸ, ĸҲ͸ոչá
ÿʱ, 䡣Ϊ׸ԣʼ󡢾õ˲ӦǴӵľһƿѡ
ͱڵĽһ̾͸첲, Ǵָ첲һҲۡ
˼, ̰ѺƸ䣬ǸŮϤϤһƱ仯Լ³ӦӦԡ
ǽķӦеٶ, ÿظ˵ҪŷӦ
ֻֻӣ˵¡
Ŀһƫ
СԸŮվһʱ͸û, һһС, һģ̳Ƶ, 鶼ơ
ڶű˴˿, һ档
ѵÿôͯġ
֪Ӻʱ, ϾͺбˡǰܴӽϿ⡢աŭʹġʡ
ȴֻܿİԼ˵̵Ͷ³ġᷳ
³еûһȤ
ǰ³меľηȽ³ݾη֪ʱͲˡ
и飬õĺͲõģĺͲ¼һ࣬һ𣬽ָమǿֶ໹ǳࡣ
ֻһеˡܰ˭
ȥҪôĿɳҪôȳɳͻΪԳĽȰɵ
ĵǡô
ӽ鿴ܴûǻкӡȻŮమһŮǲͨŮǵమҲͨ
ܽûи˷޵ʵС
ֻһԡŮ
Ƿޡ
ȻֹǷ޲ŻкӣȳɷޣкӣŲŻһˡ
һ裬ͷ·ɵҲǼˡ
ɷҲӡ
ĳʵҸ
ʱжԲŮĸоɽһж
ڽ䣬еֻˡ
õŮˣڣֱĸס
ȻСϵóԼ߳ûˡ罪ģͨǺ岻סŲסʱ򣬽һ¶ܱ̾عԱ
ǰӦġ
ǣǶģСġ
ԺͰ׸磬ţҲ
ˣûһֱƣͣȥ֣ʶ
䱻ֻСţϲ֮У档
ԭСģ
Ƶȸжѹ
Ϳһʱϲһʱǣһʱһʱһʱָж
ıǰһĶࡣ
˻ƻʱǳȥоֻʣ
䱧
ԭأԸŮദһ죬Ҳˡ
⺢ӡͰ͵ġ
չȥҪֻýӹ⺢Ӳְǰ󳶿ͷҪ
Բ۾
ŹŮԼ̳ԣ͸СӶСӶԸǿ˾ͳԣ˾ͺȣ룬޾ͿޣЦЦ˯˯Ѿѡ
ѾҵԼˣ俴ţ˿ˮ
ܴ󷽣ҪҪԣ۾ֵԲˣŮٿ˵º͵סݺݵ˺üڣϵ׵ˣȻ󲽳ȥˡ
һůˮֽԤŸСͺࡣ
һ߰ڶһЦ˵󽫾Ǳͷء
ЦЦרĳԷŮͷëͷ䣬͵޽ǣͷӲÿ죬ѾͷˣֳСˡ
ʱͿʼͷһͷͷҲŮ
ů˵ԺСͷҪú֪ķӣպƳ÷͸Сͷá
ԪռʱͲɹ̫Ƥһѩ׵Ƥ
ҳůҲһЩӶ׷жһһġ
Ƚ۾ůˡǸһڳദʱ䡣
ƵǸ裬ι̣Ķ˴ˡ䵹ǶᣬַֻôôֲڣƤʵһ춼û£ϴϴƨʱƤҲޣܸˣ
ΪһֱڹĶþͱĶá
ٱǸС
һʮ죬һڶһ𡣽Ҳʱ칫£ûнŵ֪Ҫôˣһ·Ҳ˺ܶõϢʮ첻ʣǲڻ¡
ҲͰĵĸ䡢һһ·׼֮֡
˺ԺΪʲôǰ˵޳ܲ£˺Ӿͺˡ
ȻǰǷҪһͨˡ
ͽչ˺ӣԺ໹˺æûʱ䡣
ΪĿǰȫҵģһҪ˶٣ҹЪţöûιͿʼɺСѾֻҪõᣬĶܿ죬Ͱʡˣ˺ѷΣһᶼġ
ˣ޵ÿɿˡ
ֲִֻʱвС˵ˣ㿴ôѵ㡣
ԱߺЦСء
̫ˣ˵أָʹһһ׵ģῴɫСӶ𣿡
һסСѾһִڽϣ۾Ц˵㵱ʱҲ󣬱СС;ָ֪ʹҴȥҳԵģȥ棬ұϣץסҵͷҵĶ䣬ץˣࡣȵСסĶĺˣҲˡ
ʱһֱ룬ץҪʱһ׶׶ôСܶһ׶ҳԵιһҲȥ
֪׶ȻˣһֱǸŮżÿһˣǶɼˣʵİǡ
ǣȥʱѾˣǵԼĸĸׯǵһСǵÿһ˶ʲôʱġ
ǵһģǵڶǵ׶һ
ͽÿ춼ҪȥҳԵģҰءɽϪѾưܵĴׯȥϣҵһ㱻ĳԵġ
ҶԵĲ
컹Ұ˿Թ죬ֻܳԼʳʳһ١
ܡҵʳﲻιһˣֻԼԣǾܳԵöһˡ
Ҳܡܣ֮˶Ҫˡ
Ͱȡڶˣ׶ôСô죿
ҲûܣΪԺҲŵĵطֻˡ

ͷĴһڡ
ˡ
Ĺһ¡ֱȥıͿ˲žĴʼæ¡
˵ҪˣҪ񿿽̨
취ߣԵȥ
ֶԽ˵ϱУĽǿʼ浱ǿɡЩӱУǼͷҪô죿˵ӦûǣҪɷ˱ɱǾζŻݡǮˣҪʲôʲôʲôҪʲô
̨һص࣬ȵһң˵ʱΡ
䲻˵Զ΢̡
ͷҲЦ
׶˺£ֽ˲òȥ׷
ļƤˣɵ÷ˣ̬Ҳǫʱҵָ£ȻǼ¡Ͼû취֪׻ҳʲôģҲû취֪׻Щ˱ĳָ̨
ڻԶԶϷ̨
ֻʱ׳ڴ
ڻ̫Сˡ
³绽ΪսΪ³˶֪ժǹ֮
ڷ̨֪³˶ӡ̫ǳˣֻһպҶӡ
ΪʺҪʵһġ
ڷ̨µѾס³³Ѿ֮ӱˡ³ôڰһڸˡ
⻹ԶԶ
ҪĴڸУൽû취ӡ
ʱ³ʸ


560 ǧ
տ£һ޼ʵı̵ƽԭ, Զϡɼʵĳǽ
ǵʧȺһİЯ׷, ǵԶĳǽȥ
СӡˡŮ, ſҰѰҿԳԵҰˡ
һССѹӢ, ҡİ׹, һС۾һ, վܣ;ȴһһ߿ܹ°ѹӢ, ҪһŮһʯͷ, ͷ£ŵĿͷͺݺȥ
˲һͷðѪ, סͷԵŮ˺룡ӸղߵһߵСҲʯͷ˹Ӿ, һͨ, ѪĽ
Χʬһ㾭ȫӶ
Ů˽ӣ˭ҪĳԵģɱ
Ӳ, СӴѹӢڳ, ѾѪۡСӿ˿, ͸Ůӣԡ
ŮѾݣɫƣҰݣ˵ԣղźһˮ
СӾͰˡǲ̣һоʬף˲ˡ
Ů˳СһţǳһŵĸȺǰߡ
ǰ
ǰûҪɱǣǰûгԵģ
û֪
ֻ֪ڻҰдţ˶
׳ǲߵСƣʿˮ
ŮӲҷſԼĺӣСҲ뿪ĸסǽץס˴ˣ·ƶϵĳǳȥ
ԽԽˣܿǽµ·ˡ
ЩֻּŵʼļӿŲ
ͻȻˣܳһӬǰСֱЩ˳
Ůźһȥܲ죬ͰѺӱܣ
ҲʼɢߡղŻϣľ޳ǣڳ˹Źء
ᡣǺܿƽЩǳìͷȥĴȥӵòİǾôˡ
ˣʣµӵøˣб׷ӵľ͹ģͷȥҲ̧ˡ
Ѫ̲ݺ컨ɫ
ǸȺųǳضһֱϵʮŻת
һϣ˦˦ϵѪ춼ʲôʱǸͷ
һ˵ȻҴɡ
ʣµ˵
˵ҶˡҪΪˣô
ǰɣҲǻһ𣿡
ǡͷǸ˵ֻһ·һֱʤ֮ȫɱ⣬նŹ
ʣµȫŵ˵
ȫɱ⣿
ģ
ôȱ£챨Ӧ
ͷҲΪʲôôŵԵʣҪߡʱ䣬žҹ£Ƕ»
ʣµ
һһ˷˰ɣʤˣȥûйֻй
ǰɱôˣʥּ֣Ҳ˳ɻᱻϵġοʥֻּûɱô˰
˵Ϊ·ˣû·
˶ˣֻܰѾ˵ٴһ飬Щͳͳ
ʲôɱģеıض㣬ֻһʼͰƴʣµĳĴη壬пܾܰŤת
ɢʬĻҰУһһһСˡ
СӷסĸףٳһţˣЩˣ
ŮһȣѪ죬ҧȴʹƴǰߡ
֣ԶˣҲǾϣȴҪĳǳء
ԶһӣƮһ첼
СӿͻȻˣæ˵㿴Ů죡һŮļƷ
ŮҲˣȻ˸
ǰߣȻһƽ̹ĵϰŷǳªļ̨̨ǹŮļƷеֲڵżӵװ硣
̨һ޴Ĵͣһ˸ߣڵ£ⱻ̧ߡ
ŮӺСӸϹȥͿڱţ⣬ǹף
ŮһڵϣֿЦż̨Ϳͷݷ
СҲ˵ļͷ֫ŵصȥеĹͳϴֱ˼ڣȻŸŮȥ
ŮҲæʣҭҲں
̵ҲװºŲòͣ
ŮϢ󣬾úװһЩ״ţȻ·
˵ǾﲻгԵģŮҡͷ֮أһҪҵׯܰһֱˣ˵ɱˡ˵ǿ԰Щʳصȥ
ŮҡͷŮڴ˵ּ̳һٱǰЩԵĶֻԼԱŮͻᷢŭͻήָˡ
ֻþװЩףȫڱϣֱҲΪֹȻĸף˼ȥһǵĳ
ǡ
ýȥǼҪԼ
ûҪȥһ˵ģԲԣưˡ
ǵġһġ
ĻһӦϵչ֮սὨûʲôȴһˡ
ִѾҪˡҴƣΪٽһµġ
룬³ѧУ³ҵ󣬾˴
³ڰսʤ֮³εкܴϵģôܲ˽սҪȥȥߣ֪ʲôطʲôƣʲôϰס
ɵֵʮ˸³
Ҳֹˡ
룬ҪҪ³أ
ڿʼ׼ѾеˡΪ֮ǰûýٴսֻڿԼҲԸ
һзֻȷ³
ѵԥ£³أ˵Ĭ
Ȼϣ³˽ʵϣһֱڿ³
ߵĹ˵Ǹ˵ά³תҪһͷǰͷͷǽ䡣
ǣ俿
ֻݺϡǽ仹³³ͻŽ뿪³ˣ³ʲô˵ˡ
ңĿǰ֧־³³Ժˣڷ̨ǿľӡ
룬ѽǽ˻³š
Ȼ³ս䵽ϵУǾæˡæûˡ
ڷ̨СúãѧʶǶϵȵģҲŵڼҲͲôѡ
Ǻ󣬸˵³š
˵һȥŵ޷ֻǷ̨µľոմ򿪣뿪Щϧˡ
СԵȺһСҴǶͨմС鴵³³ȫϳĹƣЩҾú棬ǼĻʵۡ˵ǳض³ô㻹ǵһĿǰûаܵôֵһ۰
Ͼ֪ʲôʱͰˣҪ硣
ǵĴС鲻ֻͬҪһ£³ٺ׵ģ
һͿԵأ
д־ܵأ
ܵأ
ʲô³ĶԴӹٸǮأŶǮ
㲻ţ
ȥ³ˡ
һңʷḻӵܣвŵĻ޲ŵģ¶
ʣµжһڵԲϷġСмʣԣɲֻ鰡飬ĿǴżǰֻԼԴҵ·ϣܵˡ̴ӡӣŴ
뵱٣ٮٮ߲ܡ
ֻС١
ͻȻһط˵ֻҪܶдܵ٣Ƕջ
ǧֻǸӬͷС٣Ҳֵһԣ
ô̵ʱôߵΪ³صҪı¶̸ˡ
³ֺѧ
Ȼʥͣȥġĸࡣ
Ѿ˲ˡļѾԷ³ȥˡ
;߿ԣָӰడ
ůԱ˰죬Цŵƣūɿһã
ЦԸ⣿֮á
ůͻȻ֣صĹǰա
˶еĿȣе¶ǡ
Ƕů뽪
룬˵֡
ůͶдЦƣպūֲ


561 
˲ע⵽˳ʲô, ǽʲô, ʲô, ʲô, ʲôȵȡ
ů㻯ΪֲΪͬ硱, һҵĹº󣬾ͺܿ潪ǳ³ǡ
ڽ, Ҫ, ǲǼҸȥҪ籼ɥ, һȥزҲ
ֲЦ˵Һû˵ҪȥȢϱȻ겻, ֻ¾͸ˡ
ЦŻؾ뿪ʱ, ˵ȢϱǱɥ
ֲЦ
ǽѹ˸뿪ʱе˺ܶࡣҿ˵ǱɥΪɥ, Ͼ, Ȼвһ³
, ҲԸ, һֱѽͻ³ƴǲŴЩ˵ͷ, ҲŵѳС
Ǵӷ̨, һվǹǡûٽǰݷùֱ桰͡һ硣
һ·Ͽɲ̫ƽǶ˵洦ǷˣûзˣҲ
Ǹųߣһʮʱҹ˦ˣָˡ
ҸԵģ˳Եľ͸ˡҲҵǵһ췹ЩϵСĿͷŮ˾ͽ£еĸǻҪ
ǷūĵǷˡϧһ·ȻȥʱһЩȥҲüǮٶһ·ϵ׷ѡ
Ҫ˵ūãҪ³ҲʼūֻһǼ۵ͣʱǮɱˡ
³⣬ĵطҪôūǿū˶ýūȾȫǡ
Էū˵֪ڴ˵ؽ˹ǣŷΪٶū׽ˣǡ
Ҳûʧ´ۣôٶȽЩūӹС
Ҳǳڽûвֵ¾Ͱ˵ֻҪ빫ǵһĳ۵ģ뼮Ϊǵİա뼮֮ÿֻҪۣ׿ɳԣǮã·Դšһ·˫ЬļͶһƤ
Щ뼮֮˶Ϸۣһ궼ۣΪڸɻǮˣʳԣ´˲ȥҽԺȡҩ
ΪʶĶյ˲Ҫȥۻ˿๦ȥࡣ
ǴŴġ;Ҳ·¡͸֤ݺǱɵöࡣʱе鷳
ս³ˣǲ³壬Цƴߣ˳³׾ٵľͽ˱˶ϵɻ
䴩Ҳ̫ӣֻðɻڽߡ˴ӣһǣʲôҲϲ
ңԴļͶ෽
Ϊ˴Լдļ಻ʤʱһ·һ·û뵽󽫾Ҳ
¶ɻͲɫ󽫾
ڳӪϢʱ󽫾üȻüѣҲˡ
н֮࣬ɵøӾ󽫾
Ƽ󽫾ˣΪ󽫾ʶ֡
󽫾ˣҲûҪʿӡ
ţе㿪ġ
󽫾鿴ü죬еĿˣеȴղ
ߵǵʱ򣬴󽫾ֿˡ
ǵû󽫾޷ٽǣβ󽫾һأҴǱ˴󽫾ӱޣҲµġ
˵ãѾˣ￪ʼҲԽˡ
ǲ⣬Ҳûϸʣͽݵȶ£ֻٶ໤ˡ
ʲô˼ֻԼȥǣٻҡڵĽǣһ۵ġгϲʳ̼ҲܣߴŻʣӿҪõıã˶ء
Ǵ˵Ľȥ˹űʱǳǲ
Ǻ˽ȥ̽
ԭǺ䣡
ǰʮ궼ûʲôΪֻÿ׼ʱϹѡĵԺγ֮λƵ󣬽ǣ쵶
õùýҪʹòܿһ͹ԵԽԹ
׷׳ҲѾȥˣغ䡢䣬ǶȤһĽ˶ڴ˵
Ϊ֮ǡ׵ãΪƼԼʯǳˣԳ֮ıкܶ࣬۸ˣˡ
صŷѡ
̨ҲûС𡱹̱׼̨ʵۣˡ
Ͳ֮ˡ
ų̂Ҳ
һֱԼֻ㿴ûͱɣÿҲʱ˰ɣûв֮İֻһСöѡ
˵ΪʲôдȻ
С񣬺֮ʣΪһ֮ôĶȥأ
ڴˣ󸽽ٸ֣ڼʯͷóȥⶼҪδⲻ飬̡̫
ˡȰ͡˭˵ã
ǴҲ͹ˣűһ·³ȥ
ӷ̨³·Ѿ³Ǹȳˡ;ǳؼ³еĸеľҪЩ֪ﳣ˾ҪôڵʳҪô׼
һ·ҲṆ̀ȻҲ˴ѡ
ҺٶˣһٵĶˡ󿿵ģǷԸΪūԸĶˣԸҲʳ
Щ˱ʳڵлǵĴ£պûرһ
Ǿ͵³ˣŷҹŮŮҵ·ƶ֮񣬿ɽ֮ʳڣֻŮԸѣлҡһҪллŮɡ
֮ǰ͸ڴ̡³һ³ǸʳϵһġͲ£㶦ʳˣֱӾǳԵģʳһ·ֻҪ˵³Ů
вٴҲ֪ŮģΪҰŮȻҰ£̨ªʱŶûУʯͷݸ̨ľżƵߣŮʳ
ЩԶԶŮı־һӭչĺ죬ͻ֪ǰгԵģ
ȻżҲʳпտҲֻҪǰߣҵһŮˡ
ĶУǵȥҲպǲǻؼ磬ѾŮִȥˡ
ѾС俪ʼŮ֪Ů꣬Ůǰ䵱ߵľżʯ񶼵ǿ꣬ӡ
ǻص³ʱѾЯǧˣԼֻ˼ˣٶݾͲˡ֪͸ôˣЩ˶˵Ҫ³ģ³ǹףһܳԱ
ﻹŮĹ硣
ǳǰ˸̵С١ʣµ˶ˮأֻ˻̨
İ֮С
ȥſӭǣοָӵĴǱࡣǾת˸ȦȦЦʣˣ
ʣҹˡ
һ˳ţý̥ǡڴߵˡ
ʻǵýСʱʱͿǶһ
ЦһǴİǣܡ
˽ºǷ°ݣ̧ͷһ
˺ӣҲˡ
Цռء
һЦǰѽǽеǰ´̾һ˳ȥǱøˡĽǵļ磬Σô°㣿ʲôеķˣʼȥ⣬˼⡣
ﵹûʲô£ֻǵĴʱֻˣʣвѱߣƲֲһ죿
Ц˵ģ֪ôľ˵ֻҪңһıߡ
۾һϲǽ㡭Ź¡ȭͷʽǣʲô⣿ǵʱҪȥҲҪ£һжùȥԶ֣κͨͨţһʺ֣֣̫󣻶ʺκûӹЩ֪Ǻãʣǹ¸˵ʲô˵дβѰֵһͬꣿߵֵʮˣ˿˸Ȼ̫Ը߶Ҳֻ˭ʼ˭˭ڳͳ˭
ȻЩϷҲ£һҳ
ߵ˱ǿۼģڲǴø˶ѡ
˵ô֣дſ󰡣̫ãˣͨſ϶ˡ
κǱߣȻѯκ̫˾סڴβ׽Ļתͷרȥˡ
ȥࡣ
͵˺ܾˡ˵ǻˣ󣬴ͻȻ£һֵʫ׽һκ̫飬˵ʼ׼֣κдž֪ǹ˼
ȽڵŰݷãȲкηԸһЦ£ֻҪһмɡЦʣݶСң
ǵʵмܼˣ֮Ϊ졢ն˰ѳ֡ȥ꣬ڵǰ¾ǧסǰҷּ
۾Ѿˣ̲סҪվҪ嵽ǰ
Щ±ǹΪ
ǵ⣬֮һκ֣ʻʵ۰ãҡ
ǰ⣬һ
Īң
ǵͷĳ֪⻰ȫǹģ⣬ֻйᵽɣһۣˡ
Ƭ̣ȥĴˣȥ̨ġ
Ҫ⻨ҳĽˡ£϶ɣԻκƳȥ
Ҫú롭
ð졣
«ūеһж
漴ںʯǾٱָҶı߱ҪŻ
׼ԹۣƽʮԺͣӸ⣬룬˱ںʯɱּ桢ĸԴˣֻһ֧
׼־뻢Լʷ࣬ࡣ


562 Ұ
Թ
Ͽյ, żȥһݹ
̴ûšһ, Ψһһп˵, ȴҪİպܲûûУʲôûУ
ϸ϶ϲߣ׷ߺȵС̯ҲѾ
һӵЬû, ˰ǶûҵһЬġȥȾƣʳﵹм, ϧ, Ƽˣˮǰһ룬ζûС
оƿľƻˮζ, ۾Ⱦ͹ȥ
ƿ£ĵҲˣ˵ؼֵȥܳԿڱ⻰һ˵, ͳ
µľƿҲˡ
Ȱ, ǧءڳ˳, Ķץء
Ȼ, ȻץҲץǣץ
ֱˣ
һͷȫǰ׵ģͷӲΡΡ˵˵, Ǵ, ǸȰסˡ
ġ
ô򣿱ˡ
û, ҵĲϻ, ֣ء
Ǳߺð֣ûأ֣̫ĸҲúˣһк۵Ц
ԹˣĸŮҲҪ

ںһ͸衣
һСϸüʱʮģҲʮꡣҴϾŮ׵˴󽫣ѶӴߣŮֻͽ
ߣŮЦƫͷϴЦרעĿǰĸ衣
Ѿһˡձվ˲ߣȫƣƽʱƤŭʱ򣬶۾
ŮŽҲģֻҲƾܣǸûƢĺˡ
ʱһ˴վԶһҾϴ
һоһͣˣ輿ڵУߡ
еŮҲ֨ȫͷ
˵ߡ
˲˵ϴ˵Ͳߡ
Ц㵹վôԶ¹㣿˶ϻˣͷ˵´ˤһֻͭţϧˡ
̾㸸ô󡣡
˲˵
ȫҶѾɱˡ
ΪȰ˱֣ˡ
ֵܡֶ빬̵ܰģֻһ֡
ֲ裬ܶԺԾˡ
ֻʣ
̾˵Ȼȥɡ
ӯӯһݣŹŮˡ
ȥϴʲô£²ѾӦǲ³𣿡
˵³֣ʮųǺŭǰ֣ıȥˣ³Ȼںˣ
֣Ҳûд
֣̫ʼղϴС֣Ͷ׹ϾǰϾȴ϶
ﻹУ֣ǣʹˡ
ϾҲҪ˼֮
Ͼ֣̫Ϸˣվסš
ҲȰ裬Ҫ֣ϾɱҪ˼ҪԼˣԹܲҪ
ѵҪԺ
еĶӶڹǰ
ŭһ˺󣬲ٱϾˡ
оһЩƴȰȥĴǣҲ
Ȼ˵Ҫ³
Թ˱һ֣ҲûѹܸɻĸˡʣµıѼϼܣòȰ
ѵΪ˼ǲûɱǳϴЩ֮⣬ֻʲôȰأ
ϴֻͣܵȻÿضһλ᲻ŭȫҵ
ܲ
˶ڴ
ôܲأ
ϴϸĸ˵³ڴ򲻵á
ȣѾûˡ֣ѾԹ׳ˣͷֵĶǸ˺
Σ֣˵ûôԤڵĺô̫ͬˡĺôѾ³ˡ
֣мֳֵ֣׵أȫ³ˡ
֣֣ϸֳ֣ʳȴ³֣ҪףҪ³
ΪԹڣ֣˾³֣ΪΪ
³ƴʵϣһӢܳлĴ
³棬ܳлˣԲС
౾ǰ֮ˣ³ֻ߰꣬һεĹϣԽգλҲС
󣬾³֣³Ĵ󽫾䡣³ʱ飬ͬ㣬Խմ³˿ɡнڣ³λǳȹ̣ᶯҡ
ԣҪ³ҪȰѴ˱
أ֣³֮ƽͻᱻƣ֣ػ³
³¶ˣһ³ɳɡֻ뽪ӳ顣
ϴ˵ʱҪ³֡
ϴ˷߽ʱеĸڣֻǲˡ
ϴ򿴵裬¶ѵ顣
Ц˸裬ϴ˵ƭ¡˵ʲô£ϴ̵£¾ˮһں󣬲˵˵̨£
ʲô£ϴ򣺡Ȼû˵𣿡˵
ϴ򣺡ǳΪһ
ϴ˵̨ϣʵ۴Ȩ䣬칫˱ˣչᡣ
ĳգʵ꣬Ȼٰӣڵǰڷſԣ޿̵Ļʵɱ
а˸ʵɱѹ
֮Ƿ̨ڵҡ
˵¶֪ʵҲʵǿ
ϴ˵
֪ϴ֪ˣͷֹġ
ʵҲûʲô֣Ϊ˴

Ҫٶ롣
ϴһȲȰܲˡ
´ϴֱϴƵõͷðŰݡ
ͷѾˣȥɡ
ϴгԼҵĳЩҪ̱
æơ
һƣֹס˱ųĺ

ʴȰ֮ġ
ôأŰĹӸܡ
Թպʲô˭֪
ֻܻһ죬һ
صϼңȫǵˡ
˷ɫƣ콹ҰףЩȫŵĵʣ
Ϲذ
Ϲǧذ
ϴڰ֣ºֻ˵һ仰ҹ۴ȷС̨һε˼
جģȫĬ˫ۣ࿴ţȴû⡣
Ǹô죿
ô죿
Ǹ̨ϢˣԸҰ£˵ֻҪǮϸͷܸ
Ϊ񣬷ЦЦ꣬˵Ҫ³ȥ
˵ͷȥ³ʲôأͰ˵ģٶ³˵һ顣
˵ͷض쵽
룬òաϾ³ᰮ棬˵ƽʱֻϲ򣬹¶̨࣬ºҲδػȤ
˵³ģȥκ˵ͷϣ


563 κ
κյһ, ³ʹߵݻ, κģ̵ı³κ̫Ӷκ׵˼
κԼˣܲᡣ󣬻Ҫˡ
ǵϵ˶, һſһκ̫˼׵ġ
ϵ˵ȻҲҪŸжġ
ж, κȻǲܸ, ˵Щ, Ҫʧˡڳʹ, Ҳˡ
һ죬κûмˡ
ʱڵϵĴҲΡ
Ϊκ̫κǰһ׮¡
κ̫̫Ƶ߽Σض֮ǰеСʧٲ, , ̫Сӡ
κǰ֮, ̫˹С̫ṳ̂һ
ʱ, κʹ󳼶ΪСѾˡκʹ֮󣬽С׷Ϊ̫Ӻᡣ
ϣڼǰѾʮС̫ӻˣ
С̫ǰɳֶܴ, Ϊܷ, ˵ʱеС̫͵³, ³Ϊ³ǲͬͬĸáܷ, С̫͵Ю͵³ڲŻ
С̫Ѿϸˣκû˿⣬ӻ³
ӲТȴҪȡο³κֻܳС̫ӵݣȴʮ䵭
С̫ӵջסʮȴͨʫǣûʦκҲûС̫λ󳼡
С̫ߣκҲºŷֵġֱ³ǲʹţʹܷǣκŲòС̫³£̵
µӲӣѾ˻
֪κﻢ£κѾĸɰСˡ
ҪġȰκαǳˣҪҪТӱ֣һɣԿɽ̫֮λȥ
κüͷɴ֣²ǵ̫ӣ³³Ю̫Ӳţ϶ҸӲġ
κ˵С̫ӻ˵˵ȥ³á
ŵͷ³պݶȡ
κ룬ǲòϣκ̫͵³ȻкôҲԽԽˡ
һ̫ӣڵʱΪѾ˲ġǿڽķϣҲǿĸķϡ
̫֮Ҳʦˡ
̫δһоȫͬˡ
ҪһŽѪͳ̫ӣ̫ӻɱĸ֮պλ᲻£κĶⶼ
̫ӻڸף޷ɱҲһֱ
ߣԭ˳µĽ̫֮λȥϲܷܻߣ޷֡
Ͼʱ̫ӱ³ΪΪΪûе
Ĵ
׾ȥ̫ӣ˲ݡ
κɾһϾ֮ġһսҫҲ³һϷ
뵱һɿΪʵĴ
̫ӵݡ
и³
Ϊ˳̫Ӳڣ̵һκ˰Ķӣ³ͻ̫֮УκȻѡǸϤϲһ
ͿˡȰ˵³̫ӣó̫֮λ
̫뿪κҲɧҲ˴̫ʦ̫ӳˡ
Ķ͸ʦ̵
ҲΪ̫ӽŻңҲս
³̫Ȼں
𽥳ɳκеĲҲһԼù˼̫ǰΨһµѪûг
ڴһκҪӭ̫ӣκ̫ɳǼס̫պֻ֪³֪κǺã
ΪֻҪ̫ӭƼӽ̵ͻ³һһеԼΡ
ҲΪӦýʦ͵³ȥ̵̫ӣֻƾܷһֻ²ǹǲܷǣĻ죬ĸĸҲͲˣֻʣһˣ˭֪ʲôأ
Щκͳͳ֪Ĳǰ̫ҪѡӡֲԸ֪˼ϣ˶֪̫ӲТȡ
һѾ̫ӣΪʲôҪΪһȥأ
κ˸⣬βͼȥչ̫أ
κˣ˼Ƭ̺ѡȡŮ³̫ӡ
泵ȥĻд鱦ԼóϷĸ輿輿ּȡ
Щ뿪κ³˵һȤ¡
Ȥ˸³˵ģ³б£Ȼ֪Ȥ¶һ㡣
κΪ֮ǰһЩԵʣκϾˣڹаκ̣ʮ˰𣻻гǷ˽ͷ˳̫ءҲҪѹڴ
κҲ֪κûҲУְ䷢һСдߣǻͨޡ
ܵõģǸңԼӵܻūó£˴£ר˾ֳ̡
̽ķᡣ
κյϵĹҲôһ⡣ȱ˶ݣڳͨհӣǴ¡
˵޼ɵֻЩ˲̣κҪġ
ȻϢһ㡣
Щ³˵ǹڷ̨¡
˵ʵ۵һһĴ󽫾ɱˣʵ۵Ĺù󽫾Ķӡֶȥ̣ʤء
һ³˵ǹǺˣʵ۾ôϲһ³˵һǸ˰ɣ˵ˮ֮
ģеκ˾ͺΧȥʱʹ¾ʹ
ֱκڳ谮ķˣǵɸ¸˵ģ˵˵ҹĹء
κҡͷᣬΪ׾
¸κĸõϢֻ࣬Զڷ̨ĸ˵ǸɱĴ󽫾ǻһǧǲ档
ɱģʲôŮǳ
⳯һͻȻϣȽĹ̽˸ҵ̬ȺͻȻ־ɱ˻һǧ
ʧͷס˻ǧĶǣȫС
ڣҴʤܶܿóֻв֮ġ
ĸɣʵֻвˡ
ʵмκܲµóʲôļŽСʵ۴¶Ͳ֪ˡڿֻ
ȵй֮֮ǰСסСʵۣСʵѡѡҪѪ
ðͷ
ֻ»ֻǸʼһֵġ
κ²⣬ռҡ
κĸһҪһһ
ǰʱ䴫ʥּ˵Ҫκ˼ͷʢļƷ
κ룬ͻȻţȥ׷ʹ͵̨̫ȥݼʵۣ
ðľͷӦǡ
ԭѾҪ̫ӵˡ


564 
֣, ֣̫󲻹ԸԸ⣬Ա, 󳼡
Ȼ֣ĻҲң̨, ɳǶ֪ûɳУܻҪ֣ҵġ
ɳ⣬Ҳ˷С֣֣̫ǲԼͬԸ̫һ֮
֣̫ǲЩȫĻ죬³Ҳǰĸ֣λġ
һŮӣ޴, Щ˵, ôסС֣
С֣, ĸӾͰͷˡ
, ֣̫³ʹǿͬʱҲ֣򡪡٣֣̫ǧټǿġ
ǿ֮ͿԲ֣£Ϳڹ֣̫С֣ˡ
λ֮ɶǿƴˡ
ֻһ, Դ֮λ, Ҳ, ֣̫޲Ѷǿ, £֮⣬ƵƵʹͣ´ͳʳˣǣߣ涡ǿ֣Ȣһҡ
ɵȻǶǿԶ³⣬ôû˷̣
һ֣̫ԸһŮ͸ǿΪ檡
ǿ檣˵ͦϲŮģ֣̫ŷ˰ġ
£ˣȨƵλɫƸԸǻضǿġ
ǿȻһ³
֣̫ȻҲòСŶǿ
죬ǿһͲ̫λӭ붡ǿ¾ʳº͵ʺǿ塢ĵӡǸ檡
ͳһ֣̫֮ŵԭΪǰ죬ǿͽһ³ʺš
³֣̫ĳŮ֣дġ֣Ǹ׶ʱͱ֣޸³ʱ֣̫볤Ů룬Ѿʮˡ֣̫Ůʲô֪ŮҲֻǵСС֣۾˯ӡ
֣֣̫ᡣ
֣ʺ֣̫ʺС֣ʹûʲôѵĵط׹·𣿶춳Χ۸֣̫С֣
Ȼ֣˵һжã³ĸһѾУ³ٴξܾѡŮԳ󹬡
ʹϲϷҲ
֣ʱƷ²õ˵壬ΨнȫѪ۾ࡢ֫ȫ׸ܱ֮һ
֣̫Ϊ֣ˣҲˡ³Ů˰أǶĸܻ档
ʵ˵³ռ֣ĳ֮⣬ʲôҲûɡ
³ռǲŰգԾðոֻ֣ҪϷףҲúõԭأ뿪³Ҳ
ֳʳȻ֣ҪǮܴ³򵽣㲻ǮЩʳҲ䲻ĸС
ֱڣ֣̫С֣裬³Ĳ١
֣깱ˡ
³ȱĸͲԲϡ
֣̫С֣֮˿ۣΪޱ
ĸһ֧ǿǾͲ׸ˣ
³
ѾˣҪؾ³ռȥЩÿã
Ϊһ³Ӧģ
ǿ֣̫󣺡̫ĳкҪ£
֣̫óţʣȷһΪ֮£ȿšǿͽӹţһ顣
³Ĺֽڵ඼֣ˡΪֽ֣˷㣬֣صֶࡢˮࡣ
֣ҲϰֽƷ֣Ϊ³ֽ
³֣̫ʺ֮⣬֣̫ûʲôգûʲôΪ
ǿ֮ˣ֣̫Ǽ¡
֣̫һֻ֧ľӡ
ǿ֮ǰһֱŪоӣ
֣̫ưˡ
ǲġöǿֻǲԸȻġ
ϻؾͶԶǿ˵͵͵ѾӸڽʱʹӾѡΡ
ҲǸ취
ǿӺδ
֣ͲˣӺδ
Ҫ³ɣ̫Ѿӷ³ĳ³ǮѵҲ³ˣ
ı³ı̫ı̫ľӻҳ
Ȼô鷳β³̫أ
֣̫Ȼҽ³
֣һ֧Աߣһ֧³֣֣
֮ԹȻҲȢһŮ³
֣̫쵱ȻˣĿڲҪˣҪٸū׳˽
٣ūˡ³ǳķū³򼸰ٸūȴû⡣
Σūô鷳Ȼ³ռЩһܲܰūУҲҪ˰ѵЩūǻìǹ֪ɱС
󣬹ūĻѣһЩġң̨ѹһҳһЩġ
ǿֿó³дŵڣ͵ͷӦˡ
ĳһƣ̫󡣡
ǿ˼˵֣̫ҪūβøԶһ㣿
ȣū֣̫Ҫɱ˵ĵǰ衣ū³ĳвᱻ֣ǲսɱˣôѧû᣿
ڳǲġ
֣̫Ķˣʶǿиõİ취
ǿ˵֪̫û˵ʵ۵Ĵ󽫾̣˵вε
Ȼǵ֣Щ֣̫Ҫ
ǡʰһ̵ˣ̫ԼշͿΪá
֣̫ȻĶˣ
ǿ˵УЩÿֻҪ̫ɳĸ֮ȥɡ
֣̫˴ūūĻп֮أ˵վ͵ͷᡣ
ǿ̾Ϣֻ̫ҡ
֣̫ǿǰϥϣҶԴģ򵽽Ҳ𣿡˵վͽ
ǿ֣̫̾󴩺·̫֮࣬ˣʵڲðɣ̫ȻŵùҾҵĵȥһˡֻǳڲɣʱ޷нġ̫ЩģԵЩʱա
֣̫ȻǶġ
ҪȥˣҪˡ
ڷ̨µĸǸҪϸ˰ˡÿĸ˰ԶģھҪˡ
Щ˰ûе̨ѾԴ˵겻˰ĳǣֹǰ˸
ĹеõϢ죬ΪȥгǲԼܣӶ̶ӵˣеĳֻǮ˰ʥּҪĹū͵̨
ȥЩѯǲǸȥһҪҪæ
ȴֹһǻؾˡ
еĳǻȻ˵ΪǾʵ۽˰ˡ
ˣҲˡ
ʵ۵˰ſԷֳ࣬ʳˣģξǽĩ챦
ҪŸ˳򣬶Է̨˵ǰҪġΪǷֱ̨Ķ˵һʱû˲д¡
ǣˣ׳˺ŮˣȴǷ̨һܲóġ
񽪼ƴĴūһҪ³ҲԴһ֡˿ԵֵأԽ·ôŮ˿Ϣܡ
̨Ҳһ
ҲҪ
ǰռͷǻǧ
ڻɳռңҲһҪЩ˰ǶԼ˶ࡣ
һʳ
̨Ҫʳιſڣгſڡ
ͷǰԾǻռˡ
ڳȻҲء
Ϣ֮Ц˵
ǿǰʯͷԼĽˣ
̨£ռҡ
Ȼһ߷ǰ̨ϵĶȫˤ˵ϡ
ù
ŵһţһΪãȴ˵ǲҲˡ
ս
˵ٶ࣬ٶ೯ʵֻһʡ
ǿǰǵ³
ǵıǰǡ
ҪʳԼľӳԡҪҲ׳Լľӡ
ȻͷΣȻоһ˿顣
ãŲΨһһ⡣
ĳǣҲΨһһ
һڣһԼĸо
볯þƱ
˶ʵ̨ۡϣȨ


565 ϧɽ
̨һʢ
ˡ
˵ӿг϶Ķ, Ҳࡣ
κ֣˿ø֮ҲܳԣĻֽصǧĴӹڷ̨˾
ʢ֮, зðƷĻֽķı֮, Ϊ⼸ȫǹĳԼõ, þˡ
, 泳ȥĻֽͻõķıʵǷġ
ң³̷µġ
, ö, οôϡֲ׵, ǾƷ
ô򵥵˼·
ټٵ, Ҳر⡣
³̷³ҲȻݵĲвҲǴ˼ģӵҲǴСѧ, Ȼ߽, ¶Ҫ򽻵, ͨճԳԺȺȾˣҵ, Ҫ, ȻŶȥ
ƵķЩ, ɽˮ, ﶬ, ˽ͯȵȡֽֽŴգ˸÷ʣŮҡȣһŮ̾ơ
ȥ˵ݶʼռصġֽˡ
ƷȻֹֽһ
ڹ֣Ʒκ·
κĴκˡ˵³¡͸˴̳ǡ
ڣʱŮѾһѵӣκ
ƽĵط֣ʮųǣ˳ѾΪˡ
Ϊ˲ˣˣʣµȫ档
ŮӾʹκļ
ǹͽǵκڽǼҼһɣ
ҲŮ֣ǡǶ³ġͳΡӦ죬˵ܶǵŮ˶Ը޸³Ϊޣֻкӡ
в³Ϊڴ˵˼С޶治³ˡ
俴֪Щǲܻ֣ˡ
ڼӽǸ
֣ĳǲ
ΪͶ㣬һý³˽ֵ֣أ֣ôõķʵأʳǿϧˡ
֣вȣ³˵ĻġͰЩ˶ϳȥڳоסİնʼѭ³ɣҼһǼһһ鳤ŮӺСȻ³Ѿ˰ˡ
һֻһƬ˶ץץˣŮڹȥܾѣȴͻȻǿԳȥ׬Ǯؽ˰ĺҲؽ˰Сʮ֮ǰؽ˰Ҳᱻץ
һڳе֣ﻹǵʲôֻ֣֪ܻȥ³ǽ󽫾
󽫾뿪ˣ˭֪ǻʲô
˲ƲǷӡػţȫˡǿ⣬ϡ˿ߡ֯ģԲؽ˰طۡ
еص֣Ҳֵ֣ͬؽ˰ˡȻʳֻ³ˣ۸ȴܺãΪֻҪǵֳģʲôҪƶļ۸֣ױȲ̫࣬ƶȴ֣׸֡е֣˷ֽƶ֣һֶøã֣յøˡ
ֵö࣬յö࣬ǮͶࡣ
ǵȴˡ³Ρúţȫˣ򵽡
һжΪǱ³˹š
󽫾Զ߾ͺˡ
֣͵͵˵ֻ
ȻЩԲڣڹӣǰҪá
ҲҫҲܲˡ
ֻҪͷֵأ۶طˣǵĶŮѧ³֣󽫾˵³˭ѧ
󽫾ū·޲ǽǷӡǹ
֣ջЩūҲֵأǲģūֵñǺãպ۵Ļ᲻ֱǣ
֣տʼŬˡ
˵Ҫ֣֣ڲŶ٣ȫ
ͷ䡣
ĵǶκͺܺáһ֯ŷơ֥ĵĽϣⲼһһƨˡ
ֵЦ
ҲЦĿ
ΧҲЦ
ӤʱǸƢܴĺӣ󣬿죬û
ڿʼѧ˵ˣȴóĬ㱻׽ŪҲٷŭСӲͬÿﲻˡ
ڣͼŬվȻСһߡ
һֱ۸ȵ߳ȥ岽
⺢ԽԽ
˾͸ءߡ£ǾСҪ
ء
ء
ؼΣʱǸ˵ӡ
˾ͻѵӷ£ȵá
һƴȦ
һʼ˶̫ˣĻ˵Ǽ˶˵ûϵԶ˵ҶӾѵʱ񲻻ۣ˵ͷ˯һʼҲһ֪ˣСӶѾܹˣûô鷳ĺӡ
ڹҲûͳ˽ߡʱȥ¡
͸һѻһʼ²ͻŽ
ҲٿæŲ¾͸ߣȥ
ѧ˵̵ģȻǳ衣
רűĽСѧ˵ѧʶֵġһָ衷ָ衷ָ衷ָ衷
һָʶߵ˺ȷԼ˼ֱ׵Ǹĸˣ磬ԣȡ̡ʹȵȡ
Ѿϳ˶壬ҲˣĿǰ׵ûֻǻ˵˶ѡ
Լ˯ǳԱ˻ûԱĻ̵ģ
Դһʱı仯Ŀˣòϣǿ鱦
ʣµĸ趼ǶӦļꡣ˵һָ衷Խ̵ָ꣬衷Խ̵ָ꣬衷Խ̵ʮָ꣬衷Խ̵ʮ꣬һĿѧʮꡣ
׸統ѧʮ꣬һ꣬Цһӵġ
ָ衷Ϳʼˣף涼С
ָ衷һ㣬ʼ̵Ϊأʲôף
ָ衷Ӹߴ䵽ʵӷ̨Ļʵʷ𣬵̨ʷٵҵʷҴУ쵽棬ҲдţȻǳʷֲҼҴѵеҵѧ˵Ҽѵ˵˾Ǹ϶ĵҲ֤ģԵģֻҪӼѵͽڲ֮ء
ҵȻҲмѵ⴫һ֣ڲи̵ġ
׸ѧҼѵ˵רӵ׼һ֡
ܿľ͸ˣҲˡΪ⴫ҼѵˣΪһרʥˣȫΪ˵һ
칫֪ܡ
ָ衷Ҳӣÿ궼ЩµĽȥ
̾Ҳ֪Ҫھò꣬һɽ
ôңкܶࡣϧһȥʶ
ϧ


566  566 
ĵ, ﵽ
ﻹûлʤûжۡοǻ̶ʤˣǹǹҲʤϡǴʤȴĽ
ȻѾʼ׼ɱˡ
ҲϹ, ڵһʣǴӴ̵ĵطӳġǵ̨
Ȼץһٶ, Ĳ, Źʱǹڵ⣬Ҫѻɵɡ
Ϊ, ȻԵ̽
칫꣬ȻԼĶõΨûԵǹš
һ, 칫ڵĴֱ˸û¯
Сȡ¯칫ѻ¯, һϾͺһƬǺ㡪رز顣
׸Ա߳أ״ź˵졢Ӳ
칫ָȥҿ޳
ǰ׸ľ, ֻƬ, ð, һ۾Ϳ޺ˡ
Ȼһһ˫۹ԹԵվڽµӭ͡
ϢϽȥȻӭԺ̧ͷͿ׸̾ͶˣһתͷҲˣչȥɡ
չ²⣬칫ⲡֿ䵽˰˷֡϶вġ
ϲ
ͷʮʮˣҲûˡ
չҲװһȻıžͿ칫СͯӷţŬֱ۾ɴ󣬷·оӡ
ƺȵһֱڲҲ켫ˣȫǻƶĺӡ
ͷҶӶˣֻһۣϥϴһƤ̺ӣȳ
ǲòˡ
չûҶҲһҵ£칫Ȼã۲ֺʺʹǳˡ
ǰųԺţ׸ȥҿƤ̺ӣСͯű칫
칫˻죡ȥҩˣ˭ŵ̿ôɵɵ
׸ְѻ¯óˣ칫˵ʦ˼ң¯ӷˣƤǿɲ
칫ҩ԰׸˵ȥʦ֣ӲٱȻȥ
׸ĸϽȥȻȴѾˡ׼ȥͲæˣû˰ɣ׸磺ˣû¡ʦ֪չΪʲôЦ˵ǻͷɱ̫ˣȻɱó֡
׸綮ˣŶһֹء⻨ǳˣɱ˻պûˡ
׸磺˼ƺöҸһɣͷ
ôôأ׸֡
ٵ칫칫ţ˵ʾվ
׸練Ӧˣշң
칫Цŵͷ
üȻ˵δûеԣҪһаա˵ﻹܱɵء
칫ҡͷó𣿡
˵һŮӣô칫ֻҪʥּ˭Ҳɱ˻Ȼܰѻûá
˵һͱɳˡȻһȻԭôģ
칫̾ͷ
˳Ȼɱ˻պͲһ˰ɱȻһͻһһȻ͸ϵ顣
ϾǻʵۡȻֻҪվס˴֣ܰѳеءɱ
̨
жÿһ춼мʮƺƵͽ͸
һ˼ǰ
ԴԴɱ˻ǧ֮תˡ
Լӵµ
ǰûԭˣ
һһЦֹߵˡŮף̨ӦĽ£
ЦȻõˡ
칫һ굽ͷȻ˻һЩɥ֮ʲôҲᣡ
ڶԸ⿴ȻĶʲôÿģĶÿ
ÿ춼æ£Ǵ¡úü룬ȾͲᱣˡ
ҪļƷҪҪ屶ȣҲҪõģҪõģ
٣˵ǰ٣ĸˣ٣ʥּһǣ˾Ϳˡ
Щ˶ڿҿҵģһһ¡
˲ҳء
Ǹʡʵ͡ĶӵģһҪúõİغãպ󽻸ǵ
ֿһı˰͵ȥʱȫ롣ľͰĹʱ档
ڿЪˣҲ찵ˣҪʼˡ
æȥ·ʱһʻʵۡ
нʤ˵
ʤü˳Ŀ߽ǳžԱȷ̨ϴС˿ҪߴЩҲǴ³ŵöࡣ
ߣЬĽţءأϡ
ʵ۽տɺã
һҳ
Ȼ³ȴǽĺֻʵ۱۸ġ
˵֪Щô󵨡
ǸŮ̫ˣ
֮󣬳ýʤ̺ʵۡʵҲȷʵܺãʵҲʵ۲˵ѣ˭ã˵ó
ȴôʵۡ
֪λǱʲôͲ
Ҳûʵίֻýʵиʤٶʹ
ʤЦ˵ºܺã¸һأµ׼ͷüˣ
Ȼʵϲ˵ߣһ㲻̫á
ʤҲóʵеˣǰˡɼʵȻһ仰˵ȴǳء
֪ʵ۵֪٣ţʲôȴҪԼȥҸĥ
ų˵һͨʵ۵º󣬾ˣճͣҪౣԼ
ҲԼǳڷܣģءҲΪǸŮˣǸʵۣõ˺úÿˣҲԸοȡ
ʤ˵ôڰ﹫ôйôۣЦ˵ǶŲ
֮󣬳һֱ룬ǰҪֵġ
ôʲôã˵ЩȫֻԼ壬һҲʵ롣ʵҲ˵һ˹٣ûʵˣֻʣ¼ˡɲҪ٣ʵһҲβ¡ԻʵۼҪù٣ֲŹ١
ڻʵӣҪҸĲ˵ЩʱֻҪиվԱ˵Ƿôһˣ¾͸װ졣
˽
ǸСŮӣƢãɡ˭Ůأ
³Ĺ
ã³ķǲġЩҲȥ
ȥ
ʾš
̶ˣȴЩԥû˵ֱȥʲôǵݻȥҡ
ˣ칫ǳ˸ţٲμӼ룬ø˵˵˵ᡣ
칫һ
ߡ
칫̧ͷʲô£Ϊѵ˵Ҫ⻰ȥ𣿡칫Ŷӣһηôãڻᵽ̨ãȻһ£롭Ӧûɣ˵Ҫ͸ȥһԽ갡
칫
칫ȥŰɡ
Ŷð׸ȥ
칫
պҲˣ뽪һҪã˵ҪǱ͸Ϣġ
칫ãҪ˺ӵϢ͸Ϊʲô
׸ſӵǰСʣ棬㻹ûأ괺ȥòã汧Ŷι̣Ц˵˵ɡҺֻϢŹȥòã׸磺Ǻáһ£׳ŵʣ֮ǰ˵Ҳڹһְ£İɣЦŵĶͷɵӣ˼Ҹ㶺ģôأ
׸˿ЦҾ֪˵ġ
Цŵͷȥɡ


567 ĸӸ
˰׸磬Ҳ˳ġʾ⡱
˵Ҫ֧֡Ц˵, Ͼ³
ͷѾһ֪, չʼˡ
͸ǵһͱ, ǳԼĳ֮, ûͱ, ÿ, ҪŻģ겻Ż˸, һҵԴҪˡ
ȻãĹԱϵģ䶼Уϵ¡
һ֮, വһԼڷ, ҾһͿԴԼ
ʹӸϲͬˡ
һƷһʵ۵ĻҲ˵ɹ, лġ
ͬ, ȭͷĻ, Զǧ֮ң, ᱻС
Ȼô, ˽غǡôڶû˹һ䣿
һǿ³ƴ, ³ķʳû취ճ
, 칫ȻԼҴ, ڲ鷳
еҪ£ء
ȻȾȶ˵ǸʤߡҪһ³ǡ
ô÷̨ȵأ
Բԣ
ʣҪôأ˵˵ҲԸȥ˵ǳҸϳģھҵʺҲˡȻǻʺҵȻͲȥˡ
ͷƳһƪ£ʸ
˵дôţһ㣬ֱһ㡣ҪǵãһѧˣҰĺܴ󡣡
룬дһƪٳȥ͵ͷˣָβǾ仰Ц˵ãá
׸ǰŽǣһٷûԾͱϳȥˡ
˵Ҫȥͻţ뿴һţϹѰ׸ͳǺŰѻŽͣˡѺˡ
ĵӿһ󲻰
ʱ뽪Ϧ飬ʶûмŸˡ
ǰ³ʱֻժǹഫԣҲ³Ҳ빨̸ཻûܼժǹ
ժǹӼǸݼ˲̫һ
ҼժǹƺŹһ㡣ңһʼҪң֪ƽƽǣҵıߡ
£֪ժǹϲȨƣ̨ΪľǶȡȨơ
ΪְԶĵطơ
óȴƫƫ˳
ʺ֮λֻһ֮ȴˡ
ΪΪͻȻ˺Ӳŷʺġ
ΪûҪͨʺõȨ
׸·ϴǷлôģ
дʲô
ҵʺˣˣҲ
˭ҪɵӵĻʺ󣿡
Ұ㣿
Ұ㣬ʲôô
ûкôƾʲô㣿
ȫǳʡ
ôͽȥ
׸Ȼһңһ칫
һ·ò
˵ףǳͽ֮ĶԻԻʲô⣬ʲôĶ칫ҶӦһ֡
칫Ϊʲôһֱ
ǲҲžȥ
Ȼһֱֽ֧˿Ҳһֱ֧³
³ϳ̨Ҳûվ˵ûԡ
пܳΪʺߣҪһɵġ
ɶ潪ҳҪٿҲʵô³
⣬βԼŲ̊أһãҾͿһûãҳˣԼûʧ
׸󣬽͵˷̨Żҡ
칫ŵݱ˵Ŀ
칫ο˰㲻١
׸ɬʦ𣿡Ҫ˵ģ˸Ӵ
ʦֶˡ
칫ð׸ȥˡ
̨
Ӧأ
Ҫǡƺһµ³ģʲôˡ
̨ϵҲܺܿ촫ˡ
ǣ칫Ȼ˵ŭڿһҪʿȥ׽һˡ
Ȼϲ
칫˽մš
ǰʿˣȻҲҶΣͿţͿ˵ǰȥ̨ŵİ׸һ£ټ
Ҳš
һʣǺˣ
ΪʲôҪٰ׸磿
׸Ȣӣȥ
ǰʿҭѪ˼룬ػȥˡ
ΪҪǴץˣ⻰͸ˡ˼ǳ˼ĽꡪҪ˸һ
Ҫ˸ץȥˣʵ
Ȼ֪ʮֿϧֲ֣칫ֶ
ǳΣҲһŮӶѡ
ץ°Ҹ̤ƽˣҲҪ˸ץ
̾ͱȰסˡ
ô٣Ҳôе㱾µġ
ҪӲģæѻƿҪĿǶ³ҵ鷳Ȼ˸ôһлҲȷʵɱպڳʰ
³
ƷлԳ˵ʵ³ء
𣿡
֪ôȰȻܰѻԲˡ
˵лϣ³Ա˼ţ³³µİ
ڳǽҫǼֱҫ
˵³³ǿ׳
һθԹȥˣʱ𣬾͵Ǹʲôϵ
˵ҿ³Ϊ¡˵øֱ׵㣬˼ǣ³Ϊá
һ˵ȤˡĻҲˣǺ棬˵ϵʺ󡣡
˵˻ʺŸ鷳ȻǾͲ
˵ǡܰ³ıͻȻһ뵽һ⣡
˼գ̨ӵһֵʥּ
칫ӵ¼ʥּˣ嵽Ժڱʯϣ׸ͯæ˻ȥ
֪ˡ֪ˡ칫ʥּ˶ڷҪҪ
ȻʥּЦԷǡ
ʲôѳ¼ʥּӵһԣЦȶϷ¡
Ĵ˼һҲʲô˼ΪʲôҪͻȻ³Ϊֹأ
ǴˣҲ׵ĵط³͸ǡܣýܣ
԰
ңʥּҲڲ⣬ʥּ˵Ϊ³֮ŮҲԷΪ⻰ͨвŮӸĸһ⣬³λǴ丸ãǴĸáⲻ𣿡
칫Ѿװˣ룬ϣ˵ⲻǸ
˵ʾ׸米ʷͽ͡
׸Ŀʼ飺ʮꡭ֣˺ˣ֪
ǴʵһͦͨĻʵۣһŮΪƽ˺˶ӺŮۺܸˣùĶӺŮӸգĸˡ
ڵʱΪѻڣҲһε۶һҵʹͣ衣
ɼʵۼŮ֮ŮĺӴĸնǸգҫš
˵Ǽ޵³
ⲻϸϸӡ
ȣ޵ǽ³иŮ֮ԵǸ³ĸĽã
ϸ³
ȻҰϣûгɻ顣
³
ʥּóǡԼĨ˺ôһҰ
ǽСȻϸÿɲС
ȵǣ칫Ȼһ¡
Һθɣ칫˵
ܰû˸˵
׸ͷ̧
칫ƽʱºʹ飬ڵӣǰ׸Сߵġס롰ʦ
ºθɣ칫ƽ˵һϷˡһһʲô𣿡
ԥ£һ³ͲΪʺ󡭡
Ȼٵʺ󡣡칫ƤȻˣ³ɡһջȥһհġ


568 Ŀ
ǵĶȱ𴦸һ㡣
ΪŮͶʳ
ÿضҪһصġ⹫ǴһʼֻŮ
죬, Ҳ³ȡ
Ѿû˾ˡŮʲôأ
Ů, ȫǵ궼ʹľ, ĵľʲôģ׳򰡣Ȧյؾ, ߵúˣΧȫΧ۽кõء
˵Ҳϲ, ߵþʣ˵Ҳӹء
߲ˣǾͻ, ӵʳС
ʳҲ˹ǵһ³˶ΪʳԽ˼֮, οй
֮, ʳǼҼһһͣԼҳԹߵĶʳ
³Ķʳ, , ʳзŵʳ, óˡ
Ҳڷա
, ߸ĸ˰˶١
ǵĿǰΪֹʳȫ򣬰ֳʳֻʮ֮һ˿ڣԼһԣڳһԣûˡ
λúܺã·ҲˣǺɵġڳнõѾķ֮ˡ
ܸˣʱȫвУ
𿴶񲻲ʳҲǸǵʱڡֻҪҵ·ֻҪûù˶ܳԣ˳ԲˣҲܳԡ
˵һ˳Ļ
ܿͲ˳ˡ
Ӧǵ·ضˡǵĶ鶼ˣץһȺûüܵˣʣµ˿ԣˡ
ʱ͸ΧĳǶˣӦȻ빫·̣رҲúõı˵Űݷá
û뵽ͻȻһ֡
ȥϢһ
֮ǰӦͨ˲СӦǳϵļҲͨ˼ˣϼϵһҳ˹ϵ
ͨСȫץɱˣҲȫǰǰľ׮ϣֱ˶ԾΪֹ
ǸϵһҶ˳ȥ
ϼӽ䱸Ȼȥҽ˵ӦҪԹǲ
˳ⲻơΪȫҪ㡣
ǸӦִ߰˰ĴһǾǸСޣӦһָͷ
Ϊʲôԭ𣿡ʡ
ҡͷ֪ҳӦһ򾮺Ӳ
šǺӦǴͳϵϾͲһûбҪӦǲǹȥġֲǳԱеû¸ɡ
Ӧγ֣һԵʡ
ͬսĽ顣
¾Ͷʼˡ
ľˡƽʱǺܿġͬˣ˰˾סΧˡ
˲⣬Ҳܺ£ȡô¡
ԵΧȦ㣬˵Ľһ
ӦǶԹж⣬ڱ治Ҽ飬Ϊ˱֮ˣԲŰǶΧ˽
һСʿı½ȥǽһǼǣĸ˻µūҪǼڽ֮ǰһǸˡСū˭ˣ˭ǵ˵ĴͷǾͲ˼ˣΪͬӵ˶Ҫ̡
ǺԼǺˣԼ׵ģһӶʿѾȥˡǰǶϻ˼ңǽռţûؼҵȫ̱ץ
֮󣬻ᰤҰеǼǣϣʵǼǣһӶҪùġ
һͨھ˵лҪ̸
һ˵Ӧϵ˹ϵԸȥӦΪ¡
˵Ը⵱һ˵ͣ빫ǣߴţôҲҪˣѡ
Ϊ˱˻˵ҵˣùǳһһ
ͽңץеʹӼˣȻ˵֪ϵ¡
ɲҡͷ˵򣬲Сð⹫Ǿ³ˣӦǣǵͷĺá
ӦǴ˼ǻʵһоӦ˵ˣǴʵ˨ǰĶ񹷣λž͸³ǰķǲࡣ
Ӧлͱġ
ĳһλʵ۾;ðǿӦǵﻹԼﰲȫڷ̨˻ҡ
ȻӦ֮Ҳ˳ӡʵ۰ϵıˣʵûôŵģüλʵ۶Ӧʵлбﰵ̽ӦǶһҳࡣ
ʵûץѱͲܹȻӦǸˡ
лʵ۵ġ࿴ӦǻǴǰǵĵλ䵽˲۵λϣ͸ĸ࣬ûкĴڸиߡ
Ҳһֱ˺ĸоǼҺһֱûа취ٳͷ̨ϲȥʵ۲ǣҲʵûʲôͷ·
˿壬˿ĺܡӦбģļٸˡ
Ƽգ̶ˣŴ˿˳Ӧرʮ£ϡ
һ
·Ŀǰܼıࣿ
ǵıֻͷɱ˵Ұ󽫾µļҲսġ
Ӧǵıض࣬һ͹ѹ¸ɱɾˡ
ֻЩ˰ѹͳȥˡ
ɫҰ׵Ĵ㡣
ȴɫƽϷ˲˱ߡ
δؾ͵زˡһ䣬ӦԵ޹Ҫǡǰ˵ǾӦ֮ˡ
Ӧض·ƺûбĶˡ
ֻóһ߼Ӹ߳ǽһ칭
ҺֻǹǸӦ֮ĵ·ضˣ̨Ǳ߻ͨġ
Ҳ齪Ȼط̨ڷ̨Ƕڷ̨Ƕ㵽Ҷû¡
ô֪ЩҪҵЦᣬ˵ڽʱֻСӣͷеֳΪ̫Сܳ衣
˳˳ˮʱʹֱ½
һЩ汣ųҹӦöһë
㣬һһ
ʼ˴ӷ̨
ܿϢ廨ţ߰㡣
֮ǰһʥּ£ƺ̨ĴǶò׵еҲе˳Цʵ̫Ϳˡ
糯ڷ̨ŭܶ˶ˡ
칫תˣ̨ء
칫Խ˷̨
ͷ֪Ǻ£ҪҪһԣҡͷ뿪жʱˣƲ֪
Ȼ⣬Ҳ˵ͷ
ֹڵʲôÿڵⲽʱ䳤ˣʱʱڴǰÿ춼û
죬ʹߺһеʹһʥּʱ˹
ʹʹֻˣǾʥּ˵ý
Ϊ³򣬵Ȼһλӡ
ɲҪ¹ǹǣҪ¹
ʥּ
ڵʹл˵Ҫ֦ڡ
ʹĳժǹȻǿᣬԱµʥּ޾⡣
е㾪ȡһܺðôͻȻɫ
Цʲôʸң
ʹ߾ҪԼĹְתͷǸʹʵʲôҪңɡ
ʹһߵҸ³꣬ϹֱӶ˵
Ҳֲڡ
Ļδ䣬˾ǰʹѺڵأʥּҲȥˡ
ʹĿѣȵ鸾Ǻξģ
ӹʥּչԽϵЦԽ
Цʹ˵һ仰ԭӦ칫Ľ
˲һжˣ
ʥּææչʥּּ³̻³ӣΪ³
Ҫǲǻʵ۾ͿԷµȥ³ˡ
³Χ֣ࡢκء
Це˵ɱ
ʹΪԼҪˣĿߵĻʵʹҺһͱͷ
ȴš
˰ʥּȥյ
ʹۿʥּǰȼӽУճ˻ҡ
ŭӵĿŽ
˵ȥԹһ𡣡
ʹ߱ȥˡ
˵Ӧţ벻ŮΪʺ󡣡
˵Ҳ
ͷҡͷǿԡҲû𣿾֮칫Ҳһ˵Ըһʺ󵱣ҲٸԸ
ˣЦʱֻúôһҳ۸ߣͲ칫Ļˡ
ͷǻ֣ᷢˣôࡣ


569 Ӧ
ӦǺܷ, ǰˡ
ڵӦ, Ϊβ, ҵɢˡʱ˵ġ
Ӵ˺ͳһ۵һԳ²ӡ
ٲ֪
ǸŮ͵ǰľٶеó»ûʵ۵Ρ
Ҳܺ⡣ҿ϶Ǻܴʵ۵ΣεԸѱ̨иҡ
ʱһǳ, ⵽ѡ
, ĳһλʵ, ͲӦһ, ʼСЬ
ӴԺÿһλʵƺһнģҲҷɹٴγΪʵĸʱ, ֻܿᱻ̨ѹȥ
Ͼʵߵط٣̨϶ἷȥһ, 񻨼ҾͿ϶ٳͷ
ȴٴγɽĴʱ
ϾѾҪ
Ϊʲô칫Ļ, ȻΪҷҪ볤þõվڷ̨, ˻ʵۣҪֺȨ
칫ҵĹϵ϶һ, عҲиʮˡ
ȥӦ˵䲻Ӧǰ˸ܵ, ˵һᡢò˫Ů, Ϊ, һ̻ͬʵۡ
Ϊȡҵ֧֣Ը⡰áʺ֮λ
ȻʺͷβͷϹţⷬŶǺܸߵġ
̨ڵֻʣͽѾǷˣΪʺġҲˡ
ʱӦ˵ѰòŮһ̨̺ͬʵۣǷǳ˳óµ¡
һ󣬾ҴӦĿܴܺ
ǣûһĻҲŵġ
˵ҷĿԲҪҵְ֧
˵ֻ»ǲδظҺ칫Ŀ
̾ЦȰ⻰ҡ
һ죬ҹСˡ
ҲǹСġ̫ˣǹ϶˿ԥΪ칫ܸҵҲǰŮͽ̨Ӵ̨ίΡ칫ûô
Ϊ칫Լӷ̨ϵ̫ˣӽˮŻٷһҽٶʮθڡ
ȴûеڶ·ߣֻȻѡռңѡ
ĿǰšҲûǸʵȫ濪ÿһǰʾȣôˣ˭Ҫǡ
ѡ칫ѾǷǳǵˡ
ȴ̾Ը
׻᲻ֱͨο칫ҪԮ֡ɺҸ칫йϵ£Ϊ֪
Ϊֻ֡ҪµܻԼŲ̊ٻܵһ֮λ໮⣡ΪʲôɵӲŲ
ͻȻ£Щˣ¿ʼֻȫϵ£ûȫġʱֻһɰնֵȥһԡ
οҾ汻ƭˣʧʲô
һŮ
һԹ֣
ŮֵÿϧǾܶܲ
ֻҪȨһµʧͻӦˡ
ȥ󣬰Լһ˹ţֱҹ
ڶ죬첻ͺڽĵǰ
糿ǴСĿʼģǰʼйŮ˱ߡ
ڽ£˹ѯʣм£ҡͷ
˾Ͳˡ
˹ŮЩ֮⣬ȫû
Ҫοأ
ҪôǷˡ
˲űȥ
ǰͷ׵£׵ĳӦһȥ
˾ЦȥǲǴСˣĳ죬̫ߣЩ˹Ĵ£뵽ﶼ޵﷢ޱˣԼ
һΪԼȹ˲˲ŷ֣ҪѧϰĶ
Щڹžѧġ
ֻǾ̫٣ͣѾˡ
ΪӦˡ
ȥȥɡȥ̨ҲɵȥͻȻ˵
ʱķӦһ㶼ȥһǷ̨
̨ȥЦ˵
ˣͣҲϴ϶ȻҲô򵥾ͱͽͻ˹߰ҵ㵽Ҫһƫ֧Զֳǹϵİࡣ
ùÿ
еء
ȥңһҪţѾĿ
ͷزС
³ݹȥӦǵҰݷõġ
Ȼ̱ӭ˽ȥһȫǵҶ³
ʢ֮³򲻺˼̸̡
ԤŴҪ˵Щ˵£Ҳ׼ɣˣǷأҪԤ˽ӦϣŹʱӦա
ϣ³ȻʼѯûòŸƷºõŮ
һ³ƷòΪޣͣӦ˰ɣһңҲǲԣ³ҲϵţһϵŮҲ㶪
ֱˣд֮˼
˼Ů
ˣֶǾƺ⻰ֻɷ֮ø˽
ɬ֣ʾ࿿˽ÿҪһʱС˵⣺³ǣߡ
³ŭ칫칫ΪʺҪҵ֧֡
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ϣһŮŮͬãŮһ̨ͬΪʺ󣬴ŮΪˣ˶¹ӣֵ֮ܣ³ҲΪӡ
Ůûʵϲ칫ֶ̫Ļͻ뾡취ŮΪ
֮³һ˼Ҫ³ȥҪܵʺ͵ʺ󣬵ˣһͬ˵Ůȥ
ѡҡ
˲ͶˡңҲɡΪ³ĻҵĲֶ˵ˡ
ŵľ³Ļóʺ֮λǺǣܵġ
У³һֹң϶˵ͬĻ
ұȱļ壬ɹһ㡣
ϢѾˣһжԵ˵
¶ʧ顣
Ц˵мãձΪ
̾͸ˡ
లٺǰ˯֮ټˣ¡
ˣĸף游常޳͸Ů³ȻѡҪ
Ǹĵ칫ǱߵķӦ
游ֻ̾칫֡
˵˵Ķԡ칫Ҫǲ³ʺҿ³Ҳɻʺˡ
˵ⲻãʱŮΪˣ
˵壬ûôס³ƺƶ³ܴ˽̨ʵۣ˵³볯ĸŮ浽һ죬ֻҪ͵͵³Сøͽȥ
˵˵³̨ˣͷˡ
칫С
³ʺ³̨ˣʵ۵涼š
Ц칫ϣҵȽ³ϻȥء
ԣҴӦ³ˣһҪ칫Ƥ°³Ů͵͵ͽ̨
칫֣ҿҪԲ˶ˡ
һ˶Ĭ
ǹȻ칫Ÿɰ
游˵ʱ칫ŭ
̹ڵأ游Т游ǧҪô˵
Тǹһء
游ְ˵ҵĻᡣֵһԡˣһŮһͷӶѡʤˣҾͲؿӦˡ


570 С
鶨, ȴһֱ
ڶҲ, ֶֻٰѯҲش𡣺ֶˣֻйܼš
ȻȻţŭپ, Źܼҿߡ
ܼ㲻ҵ𣿺βٵȵȡ
ʸڷϡ˭˵ңֻǹǰݷһ¶ѡ
ҹ۲, óۣһ޵֮ˡЩѧʶҲмҴ, ȴΪǡ
ʣ, ȥ̨͹Ǵ̽һˡ
˳ȥ, һһؼ䣬춼ˡʱ, һֱǿ, , ̬ʳԾжʹ, ˰סʳ, Ҷ׷ģᣬҲʲôǸֻԤһѡ
ҵ˻, ͵֪˷̨ϵϢ
̨ϵһ糣, û, Ҳû˹ʲô³ҵ񶼱չĶǣסˡ
ӻҳѾȥˣȻû˸ۿҴôɸϢԽԽġ
һ˵Ҵܡ
Ϊضðʮˣϰˣ׳ӣб֣ɱˣ壬СǽҲġ
ǾһȺǣҪʳҪҪŮˣ˲Ǳץ˾ǱɱˣС˶סӳȥ˻Ĵš
**£ֻǽĴǲƽ
ǰ͵̨Ȼסϵʡ
ûʵۣҲϱȻʰҺã˲ˣֶ˹٣Χ桰ʵۡ˵
Ȼ˵Ҵܣ죬Ҫϳ͡
ʵ۷Ե˾˵˵Ұˣû֤ġѻ˴Լ˵˰̣ȻǶţǺ˵
Ȼ˵ûаܣӺζأ
Щ˵񰡡ûԵģͱ
Ȼڼ뵱շˡ
һѲ֪ôð޵˵Ǽ类٣˱ɱɱ˵ȫǱ
ʱٹٶڣ̨еͷȫһȫ·أͻȻôһʵڣ޻ʵڣͷȥ
浱Ȼǳѿ
Ȼ칫һֹ칫ȴΡȥˡ
Ȼ˱ˡеģѧ칫ˣеģȻվһ
һǰ롰ʵۡټЩգһǵԩ
ʵ۵Ȼǳġ
Ǿһٵ밡밡վ룬벻룬벻ֻ¾ҪѪˡ
ʱΣֻñϺëֱ
ˣôˣ³𣿡˰˵ûСֻ˰Щ˶ɱˡ
ȻΪ¿ɳɣͻȻӵӿΧסЩ޸İնץˣͶɱˡ
ЩȻȥȻΧסȣһȺץҧ㻤סȻ
ֻ÷Ź
ºȻسǺҲˣŲ˵Ȼڼޣ̾޵زϵ˵󣬶ͬС
ʵʵ̫ˣ̫ĺ˰
ֱų̈ˮԽԽˡʵۺͳǲòģչҲƽ߶˺Ҫ涷ʤʵϡ
ĸҡͷչĴˣ뵱ڶ칫Ҳ칫бƵñʧ̬
ʵڵʱɱˣѾȻƵʧ˷ִˡ
Ͼʵ۲ʮ꣬ᣬס
˵¿ջػȨ
֮ǰ̨µһֱ칫Ϊ׵ĴǴʵ۾ϵġ
ʱǻʵСڻʵ۳ˣԼʵˣȨˣⲻǺ
칫˵ǡôΪ˳Ӹġ
Ȼ칫ǲԶˡ
踸ͷȻˣ
ҲȥҰݷãһǱ˵Ѿѹǵ·ˡһҲ̽һ£칫³ʲô˼
踸ʣ칫û˵ʲô˵ֻ˵³ƷԲãΪʺ󡣡
踸칫Ĳ֧³ˡ
Ǿ˵³˵Ļȫġ
³Ҫҵ֧֣ͱ
踸һٴȥ
ЩʮࡣΪϷѾòԡ桢ͷˡ
ʱؤ
࣬ǰȥģ
޵־˲źƿء
󣬲ڴӦȥϴ軻·´ĸɸɾģ˲һ˵
˵Ϊ˻ʵۣΪ˴ҲΪ˻ʵ³꣬ؿǣǾٳ³ʵ۵Ľϡ
ȻҪм㣬ѸټΪ³ԺţͬʱҲűҹ˼µҾҵԼѺõĴ̡
Ծɴ³Ϊ칫³ʵۣŮҲϻʺıߡ
Ϊ칫뾡³ԭӦĿǰ̨ϵѾԽԽˡ³ҲһţԾȰ³ߡ
ڻʵʲôʱȢţһȢɣһѡһβˣʵ۹ʮߣϰʮ
һΣһܲһ̨¶ڶ³ǡҪĻᡣ
˵ǻʧʧġ
ǵϣԸ³ˡ
Ҫ³ֳ磬֤һ³ĸĸŮ칫һغ󣬳Ļ֧³ʺ
Ҳǰ׸ɵġ
˵ԸΪС
ֻҪܰͽ̨£ֻƾܼ
˵꣬ҲĿڵĻᣬ̾ʹȥ̨ˡ
·ϣ˸òѷʸͺһ㣬ٰüͷθɾէһ˲ˡ
࿴̬ⷬЦȻǡ
ͷĳҲֻһ㱾ˡ΢ĩСѵǴ֮á
һֲˡ
̤Ŵ̨ʱ౨ݺҪ
˭ūأ
һ˲ô䣬ࡢֹǱ䲻˵ġ
˷ߣԿ³ˡ޳ֱᣬ˫Ŀ֮˵ģӽգβ´
üͷȷʵô³ˡ
ſڵ³̣ҡͷв¡
Գݷ칫ģӦҵˡ
ڳſһǳɹˡ
ϻʱûдġ
˹˳žͶĴ
Ҳȵĺܣ˵ҪԴȥ³̵Ρ
վɴȥҰݷãվס£칫վɡżˡ
Ժǰ˴򽻵ͳšѡ
ͼ˺˵³ȷʵҲܵӰ졪칫ʼ³ˡ
˵̨ȻǰԳ³̣ǵȴ³ˡҶǺϻ⣬ϻ³ˡˡ֣˵ġ
칫³̣Ǽ˾ͿʼԳƣ³ˣ/κ/֣/ˡ
˵ĸУҾͲ³ˡ
еʵڳ̫³ˣ˵Լң/֣/κ/ˣ׸ˡˡ
Ҳ³ˡʲô˵ҿ³ˣ찡ҴСգ֪磬ԭҾ³˰ϧһǲ֪ĸˣϼҴʵڲŶ֣/κ//Գģ˵³˵úܺãŶĴܣĵطĻҲ˵˵õԹ
ȻһЩˣгѾγˣ˴뻹ˣҴطҲ³ϰˣ³ǰűӷ̨ߣžͱ뵽ĳȥˡ
ʣط³أ
³ʿҲвڷ̨ġ
˵ûбߡ˱ûеýģʿߣӰľʹˡҿ칫Ȱ³ߣʱЩ³ʿҲʲôãֻܸһߡ
ͷ칫ǲݾ߲ûж³ʿӡ
Ҫǫ̂أ
˵Ҫ̨Ҫһ˾ҡ
ʣˣ
˵ҹδ򡣡
ҡ
Сܼˣߵĵҵӡ
вȴұ¶һ糣
죬̨İףǽҽ磬Ǹˡ
һԼѮ˵߽ڲԶ
С齲һĽϷƺʱҲˡ
СʱŸ֪ѡͨ
ļԣȻˣһ
ԱͿڣСʣδԸ̨
Сһ̨ͺëֱǺЦתͷװʤˡ
ࣺ


571 ľҵģҵĻҵ
Сһ¡Īƭң
Сǰʵ۵ĳʷ, ˵̨ܽŵġС¡µԸ, Ըð̨
ҧ˵, ԸȥȰС顣
˵Ҳҡ
鷳蹫ӣ
뿪࣬ԼͶң˴ǰ
һǰųС, ˵ԵĿš
ڹǣڽС
֮ǰҲһ칫³ԾͻΣա칫ȴƶԱ¡
Ҫ, Ի, ҡǨŭԡľǡ
ոշ°ģͱ˵桰вֻúް쵽칫ǰ
칫Ȼǲ̫, ʱ, ϯ, Ѿˡˡ
ؾصʺã칫Ҳ˳ʺ˽
㲻΢Ц˵Сܺá
˵Դӵ̨һֱ칫չˣ칫ڹоĸһڹȻ棬ȴһֱǹ칫
칫ЦǺǵⷬ, ͦ˵ҵ, ˹ĸס
仰еˡڶΪʲôͻȻ³̬ȡ, ˵ǵҰµʥּѪ, ʹ칫졣
ǵʥּų̂
Ҳһβᵽ׾㡰˿ʮ, Ҳһܰѷ̨¶
ײͬʥּʥּͳ˷̨ʵ۵ʥּڸҲֵһᡣ
ֻ³ָ׵̬ȴŭܻǳһЩ鷳
ȴЦֻ鷳ءȻֻ̾鷳
ûղ칫Ļһ칫̨ϿʲôھĹǶ˵ˣҵ̣ʤǰأ
칫ܲ˵ʤܣ޹ء
޹أҲǱµĳӡ
úðˡ³Ѳ˵³³ҲռҺͳ֮һ֣
ԣ
³˵˭ѵȻ
϶վڳһߵģ
칫Ȼ˼ɫδ䣬̸һʣ³ּ˱
ʣ칫ּ֪˱
⻰̸̸ȥˡ
칫ȥдȥһŸϻ칫˵Ǹҽǵġ
󾪣Ӧǵдġʲôʱ³ͨģ
øࣺǲ˵ͶҲˣ
ҿɶ񣡡еѾͶ£ҵūˣͶʱѾġȴĵūͻȻڱ˹ҪԸˡ
ūͲֹţɶ񡢿ɱ
칫ûж˵δͶҲңֻıҲû٣Žһ͹ȥ
ǰҲûõңȻһֱûܸҸõ
ֻ˵⽪ƶģһӾʹҵŽҵꡣ
ҲǴӴ˾Ͳˡ
ֻеЩô
ܸʲôأ
칫һܲµóҴŮ빬Ҫ߽ĵ·
һ£ż𡰽ġǺҲ
ܱƣɼŮ˵
ԼҲֻһϴĳƺءǰʱϣ׻ֺţЦˣֺžͽˣ׻ֻĶӣҳʲôʱֺȽˣڼˣֺ
ߵҲֺųԼٿЩĲԣõֺ˺üžͰͲýԼֺţ˶ֺšǺεȵ׹
ѵǰҲ
˺ܾá
ѿļҲСС;רעȡֺţһҪȡһ¡˻ζĺ֣޲Ȱѧãдãһƪº˵ֺŵ¡
˵ǣҲŮ빬
칫Ц빬Ҫһ֮λҪó裬ǱϲǱϲҪܳþõڷ̨úûšõĿɿڴŮ㣬Ҫ֤ᱻΪˣ»ϲҪȥ

³õ
ʱӦڷ̨һĸ
칫ɨһۣСһˡǰǽĽ̨ƽأĸԣô᲻ڷ̨Լĸأ
һҾǰŮͽˣܿתͷòˡ
ȻҲڷ̨ˡЩ˲Ϊ˰谡ҪǸҽڷ̨ĸŮ豣ֻ¸ȥӡ
ʣףڡǺã治֪ȻͷӶ˻Ҫʼڸе㶪ˣҲֻʰ
칫˵뽪һȥɡ
ǸˣϽĻ³ˣ칫ҡͷûٶ͡
칫УͶСɹ󣬶С鲻ţԼȥһϴε䵭ıʾȥ̨ҪҪͬȥ
ࣺ
͸Сһȥݼˡ
̨ϣŵĻټࡣ
ӦӦǻеӡġ
Сһȥչʾ̨ȫøࡪܼǵס³أ
ΪжСĸġ
Сĸġ
С಻㳯˵ÿģ´磬Ҳ˳µˡ
ϯ䣬ѡһơ
һ˸һ£֮ǰһ⽪Ϊֹʥּ
С۾˲͵ɴˣǿûбһҡͷ˵ڣ˵
˵û˵Ҳ֡ʥּûšֻмλ˼
СҲʶʥּˣԼ͵͵ءֱʥּһҪ̾ͳþ뿪ҹɫܵƵǵժǹΪֹʥּԭҳһתͷͳˡ
һ˶ˡ
գҲҲ˳ƢŲ̊Ĵ˲١
Ψһźûܼһ£ֻѾΪ˵ĽĿǰֻ̨һλˣҵŮϯʸûС
͸Ե³ŵķ֮λǺεȵ
Ҳڳǰ³Ȼ˵ǡҰݼ³˵³׼
ھ˵ֻظ
ȵĿǣ³Գ볯ĸŮǼٵġ
ӷ̨ȥ칫Ǻ뿪ˡ
칫ȥһ͡
칫ʣ˵ʲô˵Ǻúõıһġóһ˷̨֮УᶨҪĽ˵ľġָӦǶԸˣֻ´ӴԺӦǾǹǣǾӦǡ
ô˵칫ѵÿһ䣺أ㵹ǿ
ǫ飬ȥԽԽԡ
Ǿ仰ֻ
Ѳ˵ˣ


572 
칫˵, ȻҲãҲ, ѽ⡣
Ȼʶ̨, ˵ֻһӣδҲѳʵôУֻҪѳ, ˳ٶеͺˡ
۽أҲֻΪȨеĵֻҪܺס
Ѿĸ̨ˣڳߡĿǰ˻ʲôûΪǳֵʱֻҪʱ, óּɱȻ, Ȼһʹڳ, 
ֻڵȻһ
Ҵ, ̫ȫˡ˻Ժ, Ը߸߹ٹһǧкѣ
ûͷģҲ磬˱ٿǲ׻ǧһ
칫⻨̰˶ǮҲȻ̰Ȩ⳯Ե֡
ΪЩ˲ʲô, ڿС
ҵ۾ǮϣȻ۾Ȩϣֻ, µȤ
Щ㸲
Ψһܽرɫʲô
ǻʵۡ
ʵ۵һղ, 칫һղұۡ
Ϊǽ, Լˡ
ܰѽĵһŮ
Ůʲôڼʱĸ۰, ഺʱ֪İ飬ɻ޺Ů˫ȫһŮεõȫҸˡ
Ϊľرһ㣬ҲѲȥ⼸̰һ㣬ҪʺĵλҲҪȨƣҪװˡ
ⶼûϵ
˵ƣǰĽĵƽ³ߵˣĻǻŵģ档Ѿ飬ٿΣܴᵽǷѪɱ
ΪһŮӣôĥѣ˿̾
ɹһӡ
һˣ
³мܳ谮ʱڲ࣬޷ʩչս׵Զߡ
ʮֻˡǸı߳Ѿ䵽СʱҲѾֺ
ص³󣬽𣬷ܡӦǱˡ
䵽е֮⣬ҲѾ³еĶϣֽ깨ٵֳǣȶ˳ãֽϴ̫֮λס³
֮³Ӧþеķּ
³˭治˵
칫ÿ뵽ﶼЦ档
ЦһŮͼ֮ҲһŮ˾Ȼ뵱֮
ǣпõ
ʮ
ǽģڵķ̨ǵյ̨ںδǽﷸȫڷ
Ҳ³
ǹϢͱţ
ȻȥֻǸ׼³
Ƿң
칫ҵľлζЦ
˵Ƿҡ
ǷuҲ뽪ʦͽ֮ꡣ³ʱҲ̨
йº󲻼ͣйº󲻼𷣡
ǡȥ˷˵
칫Խ顣
һͼλ
ΪӣҪΪһѪɽ
һӢţӢҪôн
ǡ
ߺҵӵǾˡ
³˻̫ˡҲ̫١
ʱе׽⡣
ӵܲǳеΣһЩͨ»ǹġ
һգҵֶڸ㱨Խˡ
ǴģﻹѺһˡ
ϵûˣҲǹⱻץġ
һӾЦˡǲﻹܹյһͽ
Ͼ
д̿ͣҵ˵ǶĽˡ
һֱΪϧʱһֱԡӵȻ˹Ƕ˹٣ɶСЩддĻǰʱһ涼ܡ
ںòɻ³ˣǲðͷ
˭֪վȻ˴̿أ
õĻᰡ
ҲϰգֻǽܽЯڳֿȭҲڽǰһµӡ
ҲҳһǸˣ룬г֣κģ
ҲǸ
ߵٸκĹҲû뵽һڽд֣ɫе㲻ԡ
š
κĹȥˡһеĽͲòɿκĵĲӸˡ
һһãΣȻͽˡ
ԿѾˡղʱͼЦ֪ŲסеĽһӣ־͸
е͵ˣ֮ǰκıЩ˼ɣ֪ǸӦͺ޵ҧһѷ˵һȭ֮󶼰ӡ
칫ӡЦ˵˸ɰ󣬶ǾôᵽǰϯϣԺúá¡
κҲ˸ϳȥˣ˵Ҫɱ·ͻ˵ĻκĹƾˡ
Կ˷Ϸй˳Ц
ʲô𣿲Ȼôԣط̨
áͷҽ׼ھ𣿡
ԿһۣңҵˡǹŲǣҡ
һģ
ȻСĻȴҲֵǮң˶ʶı£ȷʵСܸġ
ԣԸĳ󣿡̹ȻԾ̽һ¿ж̹Ȼȴת˵һ££Ҿ֪ˣҲѿࡣһ£Ҳ̨֪Ϣ϶Ҫ
ȻԾתʲô£
󽫾ʤˡ
ӱϣӶǳسŴ󿪣ų٣ݽŲƱ棬׷ӭʮӭ󽫾س
һиĹλ·
ʱǸˣʲô·ԺҴֻܴұߣ߲ܴ򣿡
ǴҲǸˣûôѧġòмͣתͷˡ죬·ġרұߣߡԾʹӪ
ȥһлʱ˳ЦǻΧ˽£ϽѰʦԺٳľʦ̽ô˵Ҷˣ
ĺǻҰģ֪Ұˣ˵ԭ³̵ūͻܣҲ˴ܣкüǧء
³ʱˣûٻȥ³ĻԺ󣬾ڴ˵صˡ
￴䣬ȷʵǸ̵ܴģȻֲʶҲû飬ԶӣÿԵĸʹø߹ٺ»嵽Ӫֶһˡ
ոһֵͬ岮Ƕˣֻʣһڡ
Ҿֻһʼ˰̣ȷʵĶࡣ
ɺǹˡм˻еġ
Ϊʲô
ΪһЩ˵ıͶˡ
ģǱԼЩּ·ĵ˾͸ˡ
¶ջҲδضһİ
̵ôȻҪ
һʼķٳΪˡ
ػص̨ύеıҪҪ±Ԫ˧Ҫ˳İЩУҪ͢ǮЩǳÿǮ
ЩӦˣʥּˣŻط̨ڻʵ۽¡
ȻͲҪˡ


573 ɵǲɵ
Ҿ̨аʮʱͣˣ͵Ӫ, ǰˡ
ͣ, ﵱȻдġ
ǰűݻʵ, Ĳö֪Ϊһƪ, ĵǵʱĿ˵⳼ӼۣʮΪʮΪΣ
˵ʵ۰ʮͰѱ, Իʵ𾴡Я˰ʮأԻʵ˵Σˡ
ͨƪûָǰһǿ, һʵġ
䵱ʱŶƪʱ, ǵ˵дģȻĿ֪Ҫʲôʲô²дú, дϵ
˵̨˴ӹŵڶһë, Ϊ浶ǹɱʤʤս, ֵÿ佱ʤʽǲһһǹ, ѵ˸ܡ
ʱЦ, ̵ģ
ҵһƪΡ
ַȰѰ˳ְ˳
Ӳ
Ϊ㲻飿ôһӾ˼ЦҴѧ
ƽʱһˣҲЩȻ˼
ұ̻ܰᣬҵĴҲˡҰ̻ˣöԵطء˵ԺҪҪ㣬ûѧĶ˵㱿⻰ҵĻȥ𲻴ó
󣬼ֲʶˡߵ˾Ϳô׾Ż治˵Ļֻ˵Ҫ̵
ɵˣʦƭͷ䶼öģһõ˲ϣ˭
ֺҽЩȻȻ𲻳Ȼ˾̾˵ޱ̻
Ͱѽǻ˵ˣҴѧ
˿ʼҪЦһʱζɫͱˡ
е˸ղڿ֣ڵȥ⡰ˡ
Ǵ֮û˸ҵЦ֪ˡ
º󣬻Ҳô£˵û飬˲
ﵱο֮ҲǸ˵ҲƲϿбأһʱɱ㣬ô
޾˵󽫾ҪС˭֪ǰ˵ǲǲģ˵̰Ǯźˡ
˵һ͸˵ˣȷʵ⣬Ժ֣ǰ
Ŀ࣬ǽ֮ա֮ǰͶĲ֪жˣ佭ǿöˣ˭Ҳ󽫾ôͿ佭ˡ
ԭ佭˽߻󽫾ˣ»󽫾Ϊĵ˽Ĳô
룬ȻִָҸңҪһһҵġȻ뿪ѵܻ³Сطȥ
Ҳ޻˵佭һȱ㣬Ӳŵ㡣Ʒϣǰڻ󽫾У˿òƻһҳˡ
佭Ȼƣ·Ĵ٣·ģԼ˵ģֻҪУ±˸浽ǰܲϡ
Ϳһ佭ָ佭ƨɵµӺǾ˲ɱҵȥģͷѪأ˵չشޡ
ٰΣֻ佭ô¡
佭㲻壬ǿ˵ģ㺰һӦ𣿡
Ҫνɱ佭壬۾һìǻסЩһ¾Ҫ˿
Ҫ佭佭ϵìҲ£˵ҪɱңѵҪҸɵţҾ͸ɱ
˵ٵ£ġɻ˵ˣõǹģ򲻹ҵˣɱˣôңҪǾսһء
佭ô˵ˣ˶ԻߣʲôӦ
һɵӣһçһӡ
佭κͳһ¾ûһϸΪ飬˶ڿЦսǰûˣһô򡣵Ҳܻ󽫾ˡ
󽫾Ϊ˱ǣû˷̨ٱЩëȶ˴ҵݣΡ佭ͳ·ֻڻ󽫾£ǻ󽫾õ֮һ
佭ɵǲɵ
¿û˵ˡ
Уĸôݼ¡
˵ҪҪ˵δʤ̵ģЩѴǻ˶ѪŴġ
˵źһʵҪͰ
Ǹ˵ô˵Ҫ˵Щǵȴ˽ʥּģЩзģ֮²ŻػΪЩĲһȰЩ˾ǲӦΪ˲ʹͿ̿һٱãŵò
Ϊ˱Ǵʤˣȴǰиǻʵģ˵ɱ̫࣬ͣʹؽֻʹɱ԰µ顣
Ժ󣬵佫ʼηսսսˡ
󽫾ĳ˵̨ѾһЩˣ״󽫾ʥּսˡ
ȷʵǸ⡣
Ҳ˵ˡºеʥּҳһ飬˵ЩǲԻʵ۲ɱǰȥʾ
ȷʵû˵˾ʹ򣬻˵Դ
佫ңȻǧûһ̣ǴûһǧҲа˰ٳ鶼ܶӡ
СǶЩ鳤ģȻ֪佫ʤսϣڻʵ۵Уڴǵ
ͷи£Ҳǻǰ¡
ʱĳ˱ɳȥ̣һݲеȱǧˣˣһʮŴ򲻹
ǻʵ۵ĽܶԻʵ˵ҵ٣ǰ˵ĲҵҲ٣ʱˣݸˣʿŶȥ̰Уڿʮˣˣ̵Ĵ˾ͱذܣҲȥ
˵ˡ
ҽתͷ۾ĳˡ
˵طȸǸʵͦӸɵӢ۵ݸã͸׸ϵ
Ǳ˵˭ãԼʱ䣬ǾͿ
ҽ˵ǴʵģʵǸǳȰˣǲĴģΪ˱ʾ⣬Ⱥˡ
˵꣬ˡ
Ӣۣ
֮ӪȻʵţʾΪʵ£ҲΪ˽̻ˣĹµĻᣬҾȱܿˡ
ʵۣ
ʵ۲˵ȥҲҪʵ£Ҳ˵ĹµĻᡣ
ʵҪʵ£ҪӸĹµĻᡣ
Իʵ˵ɵúã͸ôɡ
˾ͼʵĿʵۣʵۣѻʵ²ˡ
ʵΪʾһʵ£Ӣţϴ޾ԭ㣬ҪǮˡﶼ޲㡣
ӢۣӾҪ㣡
Ȼʦȥ׷Ҵ
˼ܣǲӭСҾˡ㲻׷ˣӪ
ȻʵۣΪ˱ʵ´Ȱһֱء
ʵۣ
ܲҪʵ¡Ȱ
οҵдҲʵǺãӽ󣬵϶ǿʵʵ¡ȰģȻžͻǸϰˡǮƱʳʵӢǶô档
ʵô죿˵ĵ˶˵ˣҲˣֻܼʵ´Ȱ񰡡
ⳡʵ֮սǰꡣҲһһ䣬˸ʤ̡ڳŵӢԸ̨ʵлˡ
ʷϵǿʵۣ仨ңǸ֪ܸġӢۡ
㵽ڣҲһ¡
ǸӡӾҲһ˻ʵ۵ʥּ˸ˣǸˣ꣬ط̨ͱץˡ
ΪȻûڴ֮ǰʵʾҪҪ򡣷ʵûɱôˣǴôҡ
ȻȻ͵ùˡ
ǵڶɵ£ȴ䵽ڶ³
뿴Щĸܳʲô
ǰ漸˳佭һֱﲻ˵ô
䣺󽫾ȥˣǻʵҪɱ󽫾ҲҪ󽫾ȥɱȻ󽫾֮У˭Ҳɱ˰
˶һ㶣ȻǶЦˡ
ף󽫾ط̨Ҫиѻ˵
̾Ҳȥֻ±¸Ҫˡ
䣺Ǿñ±㣬ٻȥµĻ˭Ҫġ
ֻ佭ڵĻ׳棬䶼˵ȥˡ
̾Ҳֻˡ
˴ʱҲˣ˳ŻĻ˵ܿ죬ͱλĹĽƴȰסȥ·
ֻд˵̨̹£¿ĵķϣҪ֮ˡˡ


574 
ʹ, ȾӦǡ϶ȥ, ǻƵ
Ϊָʾǣࡣ
ĵ̨, ĵؼ, ĵذһϢ, ǸʲôӦٰҵȥ
÷̨֪رռҺң
ûΪֻȻĵø߾ֻȻΪ칫һֱžͰҺˡ
Ȼ, Ҹ칫򽻵ӸǴС׵칫ġ޵ҧгݵһͷ, ͷûôС
칫ʤ
µľͻȻڷͳˡ֡ˡ
෴Ҫ, ֡
, һ, һ˫׬
֮£̨ڻǾǵɽ𺣡ôܲСأ
ֲһֻܻ֮, ෽л֮, 
ʹضҪһطвӦ, ڽػЩģС, ȫöࡣ
ΪԷһ, Ҳǵı˷, ʹǸġ
һ˭뵽һ˻Ǵ󽫾ʹأ
ϵ˽أͻȻſǰ̫ԡ
غڽػѣѡڴ˵زЩ˳Ҳһ·̨Ϣ
صĳǰʲôʱôˣ
·ҲˣԱ߻ӵˣ֪ʲô
ȥһӣ³ѯʣикһڵĶ˱ǣ
һ·ԵǸӲĲڱ⣬һȲϣŵζ̲̾סˡ
ǣкͲ֪ʲôĶ˵ӣʮǮһͣŨŨ̶࣡Բԣ
ͳǮһ͡
к̰͸ʣҪҪŷҲУϳ㵶
ãáйҸ˶һ˼飬ɡһ߷ӣһ߽гߣڳ͸Ͻ
ⶹģ˺öףһЩ̲ˣζֻѰôȵģףԽȥֽֽ
һ룬ϳҲһ롣
ȳͣϢϳĳѾͳԷʱһ۾ϳˣ³ࣿ
˺³صʳô³ڣǰԹҡͷû³³³̻ģǰ̨ʱȥ³żҲһ̯ϵĳʳ˵³֣һ³ģһֽжʳŵöࡣ
˵˵ԵĶģ³ŮϧղŽϵķ
ʳ򣺡Ůͷšôţ˵ȵҰûûȵʱʳǸš˵ŮģʱҵԵġ
Ҳ˵١ڻľһץ˲׳׳аգҲиصӱץ˶˵ҰΪŮŮŮŮµʳŻ
ŮԽԽ࣬󽫾ھмһŮôҷģһ·϶ӡ
־һʱųʳ˾ͲͣˣʣгԵ𣿡
˾̳ҪʲôʲôУ֣׶С
ЦǴţˡֻҲҪ֣ףкùӺöӣʮΣĺʹֵĸҪʮ
УУ͸ᳵϣ
ýǾɵ˸Ҳܸˡ˳ˣûȥ̨ҲԸϢ͵ҲŴӷ̨ȻϴȥǰǰⲻûһϢ
칫ǲء칫²ţòˡ
չǱŲءϻȥڼʱʵ۸ˣһϴˣѧСƢڼء
»ءǻû˵ʺ˭˵
Ǿһվ
˾ͷˡ
ӽسǰߣһǡ
ɰŵòᣡ
ĶģôͻȻðˣ
ǽʲ˵ǰųĶ顣˲ԭǴģϲӣȥˡһģһӣƬסˡ
ĳǣôһ֮ھðأ
˲ҿ󽫾Ҳһǰ¡
ôðģΪʲôǰûע⵽
ĵ˹ȥ˻ȥĽǽйǣ³̨ʱΪ˰׷³˽һСӡ
Ӳ֪ôͱ˳ˡ
ʵǷŲ£ó˻ȥŸ󽫾
⹫³죬˵³ֱʡʵǵĻ᲻ԽӰ졣ȥת潫
˵һߣʣµոңôأ
Цһģ˭أ⳵˸ˣ˭Ǯ
ˡ
˴ʣµ˶Լǰߡ
ŵһ˷˳
һʣô죿ıߣ
һ˵߶ǰȥģȥĶ
һ޵ⶼ쵽ˣôַߣ
ڶеۣ˵ֻбʡû֣ǹ˹ǲŷֿġ
һ˵ѵҪԹǸɴȸɵˣ
ڶ˵СҲ
һô죿ڻȥʽҲˡ
ڶ򵥡
ȥǰ湫ǵĹԼȸߵĳ
ڹǵϢǰһþͶˣЦǸȥֱȥ˻ˡǻȥûȥ˭Ƕţ¸ߴ󽫾
˵ĵβɱ˴ˣһ˶Թкô죿
ҡҡͷ޺һء
ϢͰȻĻص˻ǰ㣬һ
ĵڻߣͷβ
ȻҲɡ
󽫾⹫й𣿡
Цйǣûй³³ġ³̨ôˣҲûϻʺ󣬲֪³󲻺ڡ
ȻûҾȥ
ϽЦƢ³ĳǡǵУɲȥ³ˡ
³ô˵Զĺܣ
ЦҲûôԶ³̨ǡǺ˵ˡЩ̨ʲôԭ򣿿ʵ
ǳվãͲôˡ
仹˵˾£ǾǸģ
ﱻҭܣֲøô˼ƽϣֻš
䣺Ǹɴͷ˵潫˵Щû
һéٿ
еϲվл䣺Ϊѣ
Ȼȥ˸Ǳ
ǵģôˣ³һƢҪأ
һ֣Ͷһ


575 ɾ
, ֣صֶ롰ӡĶС, Žӹڻﴧһ·ʥּ
ԭ
һֱ칫ôͻȻ̬, ԭʥּǵġ
С·϶ʥּˡƾĶ, ʥּд÷ǳʲݣ²Ǵ, ƴճɵģҲûбʵʹǶһ£ж˳ϻ˵
ΪʵĹӷ⹫ݺ򣬻ǹ޵úţʵ۶׫д, أּٰ䵽ȥ, øǳ񶼸ʵһϲ֮Ҳѹعӻϡ
һɡ
ʥּȻ, ƺӰһֱ֮߸, ԡҲһּˡ
ʥּڷ̨ʷϲǸڻʵ۲ǿȨţʱʮϰ
Ϊʵۿھϸӡ⵽ʥּһĲ˵ˣ̨ܲܳǻʵһ˵㡣
ʵҳٸηȨƷ˫Ӳ˲ʥּ͵ȥ
ʥֹּҪͣҪһʽ, ³ҲҪһ
ⶼСˡ
ʥּúõĴҪʱó
СȻӡ, ҲʾҪ, ھͿȥ̨
, , ȱ֡δһ⹫µ°ɣһʵæ
С黹֪ΪʲôͻȻͱίΣֻôҴææĵµĸУС±ϤϤ
СĶȵȵȣһҪ´ҪϽУ
С飺£С³һˣ˺ЩкЩˣ֮˵Ҫڴ˵١˵еҪôѾЩ˵˺öˣ
СЩꣿϵģ
Сͷǰ
Ҳ³ˣɡû뵽깨Ϸ³ĹٲǧˣҪ⹫ǵ١
ԼҲû뵽Զǧġ顱ǰЦˡ
˵Ӣ䣬ذܸϻϸһ档
ȻΪʱϻأϸο֮£ַҩѾһùһˡԲ𴲣Ҳˣ벻˰
һֱںˡ
һ£ͻһת˵ˡʵ˵ںհѡ׵ϲʱ˵̨ʺˡ
žһ䣬ſŨ仰õģ϶ܵʺ󣬳֮⣬û˵ʺ
꣬͵˵ֳȫıƽ£ȻͰˡֳǣͲһֳˣ¹ɱ
ڻں꣬ûлȥ
Ȼ³ĻеģֻǱȲ϶Թġ
ԣΪ˱ģôǧİӵܸǵūǾȥʯľǵˣǾҪȥпϵ˲ţ뵱СʲôģҲȥá
ӵ֮⣬׼Ǯ֮Ҳһˡ
ԺֻҪһ£Ѻ͸Թ԰
˼ֱһǣҲ³ˣҾ㡣
ܿҲǹӵܡùϵʱ򣬰㲻ˮ
ջҳȻܹ˶ˣҲˡ
Щӵܹʮ죬ʲôƢҲˣöСڣͶȥðɡ
ҲȱãССȻۣٲˡ
СãȻ֮бһ𣬲ȻСѧǹģȻ󣬵ЩӵܴСѧľȻǰ̸ֽ

оա
ˡ
㲻ÿЩˡ
ھÿŮһǴϢٸӦǵŮͨͨţһ¸顣
ҲǺæµġ
ʱʹˡ
˰ʹΪ˱ʾһĳ⣬ⲻʩۣ֬ͷҲģˮ˻ԳʹǰŮһ
ʹһ˵³İôԴһ
ʼ³ܲܳΪİˣҪǱô죿
һ룬ʹͲϰѻдŸó
ʽΪʲô˵ѾʥּҪΪʺ
ôûʺȴ̨ܵˣ
˵ʹǺǲ
ʹ³һ֣
͹󻨼
ʹãȻ䵭Ҽкιϵ
˻ơ
ʹʱ䱸
ɽ벻ǣڳһиˣһ˱һСޡ
޿Ҫﺰ
ʹ
ʹ򶨲ˣ
⣡
³ٴζʹ棺ת滨ܾĸҵȸλӣضԴ󽫾
ʹԼһٶȴӹ뿪ȥˡ
˵ԹԣҺûעĳࡣ
ߵ˵СüëҲˣ޽Ҳ޹ˣϻ˷ۡ˵ž̾ҡͷ
ָĶôԼŮˣҪ˼ҡ
ûĵһۣĲŸôء
ˣ϶һٵĿŮƯһҪΪŮ˵ţ
ʱҲҪ䡣˵䣬öˣΪˡ˾ҲûĶԼˣŮԺȸò֮ˡ
˸ӵΪĸ֮ģǽ˾ȡô¾Ȼǹģ̫벻ˡ
ʹ·ϵʱ䡣
ҪҲϢ̫ˡ
ôܣ·϶ҶԴ˶࿪ڣ±˲
ȥԺ˭Ҽȥˣ˰ӪΧ˶ԶŸ˵
Ҳǵһ˵³Ѿ˱µĺӣȻ˴ӷ̨ϳˣ
ʹͷ³㲣ӲŻ˵ʱ䣬Ӧڷ̨ϵʱеġ
ضǻʵ۵ˣ
־ϲ¡ּһʱ֪ʲôֻǧͷȫһֲĸᣬĸأĸãĸܺԡ
ʵģǸǳҪϢʹ˴󹦣
ｫʹο̾Щֵڣγ²ɣ
ʹҲ·ǳҪߴϽ¾󽫾ǲһ⣬ȥأ
ԥֻǡ֪֪ºʲôӦǸˣǲأʹһҲ뵽˴˽ڡ
ʵ˻ʺ󣬻γ᲻תԼ˺ӣĻʺأ
ǳôȨ
һ룬³Ϊʲôϳ̨ҪֵĻʺ֮λ˾͸Ѱζˡ
һǵð졣ǾֻҪҳˡ
ǳҪ³ʺȴȥ칫ı¡
˶Ķͷ
ʹǴ󽫾ֻܡ˱ѺԼˣ
ⲻã
ô˵³һʥּѡġڷ̨˺ӣϳҲúõİѺˡ
һ˵³ɻʺĺӵȴӹɵġ
ס³ӣڷ̨¾˱칫
Ƭ̾¶˾ģãô죡һ⣡ȥǣһҪú³Ƭ̶뿪Ҫĸӣһһռҵǣ
ʹϴز󽫾


576 
ﱾϣռҺһ㷢, עҪʧˡ
̨߽ǰ, 칫ȻѾõϢˡ
ֻǾš
Ϊ, Ҫôأ
Իϵ˳
ǳɹͷ, 滨󽫾úõؿһͨһ̴ж, ѡ
ȥ˶֤
ʹڳǰһͨ, ߻ԼֵѶʱǺεȵʹѵó׺͵ܵѶһ졣
ʪۿ
ռҶԻֱ, Ҳ뵽Լϡ
ȻҲû鷳
ӵжҪ
κѻҴжߵ, ĵˡ
ʹ˵ûĻ, , ˭Ҳɱ
ʹȻôˡĿõʥּ, һдΪʲôῳͷʥּ
Ҫ٣ʲôˡ
Ҫ⹫ݺ
Ҫ
ȻܹθáڲŸտʼûô󵨰Ҫ˵
³һҪط̨, ʹȥ, ʼնֻҧ׼һ£Ȼɱһ
Ѿӭ졣
ӦҵʹߵˣʱġܽӴƺѾԽ˽, ʼһ
ӦΪ˱, Ѿ·ſ·
, ҵŮˣи̵ǵʦǵ׾춼˹ǡ
ȻҪǱ顣
˳Ҳǿһ³ʵڻ³
˼ʶ˽ϴɼ³򣬲С꣬˶һˣ߰˸ˣҲУߣ¶壬ߴø⼤ң
мҼһͥǰݺˮ𣬽ͷҲУһֳ׳ԶԷĽ
˳࣬ȥҲ࣬Ȼ
²СҲʶ֣˵ŴѵԼɷӱ߶ܣȴһ֡
˶Ŀһ¡
Ůûм֮ǰҲԳּȻΪ³
ɽǺ󿴵׮׮п
³ǲһס
ŮӶܶȹڽߣ¶첲ʹҲ˿ߡŹɷ򣬿ɼ³ŮӱͲж
ȼֱŹһнǾ
ǻصԼסĵУۡ
ԭ³ģһŮӿȻ޲ܵ³һΣ
޲³أֻǸռҵŮҲ֪ˣ
Ҳ˲̫ϲòҵáԣΪ죬ŮΪأְΪ
̾˷³ķף㲻˵ķǲԵģһһס
˵ԣǻʵΪҪѡ³Ϊأ
ǣǵɻʺ𣿡
һŮ˵ɣҲɡϻʺҲǻþʣ
оλŮԽˡ
Ժ󣬱ȼ֮ǰһƽŮӶһ
ԭľã³ȻǸʶǵĴˣ³
ԭȲľãԭ³ģֲôڴ˵£˺Ͱ˶ôࡣ
ЩŮ˶ȥСˡҪһºʱͽŮȥ̨ĺʱ
СãȻ
Ҫȥʺ
Ϊʺˡ
ҲС

Сˣ߻̽СסˣҲѧ˵㡪ĵӱˡ
һ֪¾Ȼû·磬ȥȥϢ˵˵ڷ̨µѴ̨ϵ¡
ˣɱ³ܴĶöడ
ǣС潪˻ʹڷ̨϶Գߴδޡ
ηȻ绢Ųһط̨
һʤ̵Ľʮ˵˺üǣɱûʮҲаһһˣȻȻµòһ
Ȼʵ̫ˣ
һ죡
ȨѬģ
̨̾ϵ˰ɱ˵ļߡС
ǰȻڳ뻨컨ͳֺȻˡ
ʵȥģԼΪɣʾ֮ɱˣӦá
Ӧʱˡ
ѹеǸ纣š
纣ڷ̨£סռҡһεŰݷ纣ͽһŲˡ
Ǿòҩչ˺ãĺãҴҵҽҩβͲˡ
еƤ
纣没治ãһͣǵ걻Ȧʱ˿ࡣܵﻹεģҪұǱѺԼȥ
ǴˣԼˣɼҵĽѣȷʵʹź
ҲǴ˰ǵʱͶʽýשĿǽұɵڶաԼеĵòòټ뿪³ĵز
纣ôʵȥ
һ·˶ղ۾
йָ·纣˵ռˣ¶Լݺңܲգ۵İѶҩҩȥ
纣Ǹϲ֮ˣռҺûһ첻ҩ굽ꡢѩ졢ڲһкüδ򶼾þȲˣɼҩȥͦˣ
Ӳ
ȻȻҲ֪Լôһ³ˣ³һСҡһ˶ϳ³³޽ϡ
Ϊʱߵ³֮˻ҵŮȢ֮ŮЯˣҵļҲҵжץҪɱǣûɱɣҵȴֻܱ磬̨
ޣȻ纣óġ
ԣҲһֱ
纣һ뱨𣬱ҳ
纣˸ţ˵һҪʱˡ
纣װһزӡ
Ȼ֪жΣ
ͻңȡھͿҪɱˣ纣˵
Ȼƽ΢Цģˡ
纣˵չܼ㱻Сѹչ֪бҲбչޱֻǽʱչػᱻЩ˳ץߡȻ񵱳ҡץסȻ֣޵չǣǶǲܵĶˣ
ҵʱȻȻУý̫ûˣһҰ򣬾ܴҰҴССȫץߣº³ȻҲûпͷš
纣˵֪һ£չ³˳չ
ȻȤ׵£Ȼ³в³ܽн϶ܣ
纣ҹģ֮Ů
Ȼһʱûף׹ǵʥּѵи³ģ
纣һʼװ
Ȼֻ̽ȡҩҽ纣ûѣֻţһ
ֱȻҴԺŷģɹˡ
ʵõźΪԼҶˣһ룬νˡΪ٣¶޷֤ˡΪͽԪˡ
ڡ
ڵĹͲܱĴԶҡݡλˡ


577 
Ȼĸ, ³³
ĸβ³Ǵأ
ȻҲʡָ, ֻ֮ܽڡֻܶԻ֡
³ȴʳ
ֻҪòʱ䡣Ȼ̾
ȥ³ݼ³, ˳³Ͼ֮, ³Ĺ̨ǲǶԻʵ۲ơ
³Ըף³飻³Ը, ǾҪϢ͸κ, ǽ˶³ѣȻκ֮в³
һһؼ, ˵ҲҪ굽һܳ¡
ĸʵáε¿԰ѻı, ǲɢҡ˽, ³ǱߵĹҲõ, ÿԶԳѡ
Ȼĸһ, ´˼ơһѡȥ³κԵţһ׫ģ뻨ɢȥʿΪ
ÿ, ۹, ׳Ҫ˻ġȻô˭أ
ȻӦáˣŻģʮһ붼ǺõˡʮŲġ
οڻﻹûлس, û۹, ʤǸûпʼ˾, һΪʱ硣
ȻȥӦڶࡣ̨Ĵ󽫾Ҳ˵ðѱŻˡ
һΪûֵˡ
ϴ̵һ꣬Ѿûкúֵˡȥ˶ҪʼԲϷǾͻἤ䣬鷳ʹˡ
ڶڲϻҪԭбеı̫ˣʼ̫ˡ
԰еıˣͻԹˡ
ƽĻȥˡʱûдӦѻıǲɢˣĸѯĸ
ĸȴ˵ѻıһ֣Ҫȫǲɢ
һȷʵѱĴˣҪúýѵһ¡ҲãǸô泯̣ѲĻ˶ɱˣıˣûˣԶһ֣ʣһ֣±ˣ
»Ծƽ
ĸ˵ƽзˡ
֮ǰǰʱƽ˼ƽԼȥŰѻ˳
ĸΪʲôȥȥ򣬴Ǯռȥٰоеôģ벻ͨһȻȥ̣Ϊʲô
ĸ˵֮ƽ򲻴򡭡ΨһĴ󽫾
ɫͲÿˡ
ĸ˵Ƴɽڡ汲Ƿ̨ʳǣƼҲ볯ʾڹ١̣򲻴򣬶һˣҪԼǮԼıɴ಻شҲһҪ
ҲоԼС˼ĸô˵˵
ɵøŷƽѱ⻨Ҳδؾҡ¸Ǻأ
ĸ⡣
˵ѱɣ¸ࡣ»ﲻҪϱء
ҲܻҪʲôʲôڲչҪһʥּ
ʥּԸҪȥһ¡
˵ѵȻɱˣԼɱģĶˣɱˣǿɲޡ
ĸ룬ҵɱչиѱ𣿡
תʱĸ˵ģôܲú㣿ǽˣɼȻ˷̨ͲҪˡ
ĸԭ󣬻Ϊµ˶ԳҾһ񣬡С˸ԸȫĶ׸
ԹԹƽ֮󣬼ƽ磬ΪԹӣһ𵽷̨ü湫Ч
͵̨ŮûúѡӡԹǻãһֱû취Թ֮С
ǡʱˡ
ٳԼˣԹΪͣɹΪ˽ӡ
Թߺҹޣصᱻָֻǽһ۵㣬ûм֧֣ܱ͵ԹΪ
ͳûΪ˽ĸ˵òѡУҲΪòԹߡ
ҪȥԹˣᰵ
ĻҲûлؽ䣬һֱȵ˵ԹѾ˷̨̡
˷̨󣬽Ӫѡռҡ
ΪʱĹѾ֧֣ǧֱͷѡչչֽ֧ĻڽߣĹа
ϧǽԴӸ˷̨ĹѾŲʼˡ
˲ȥ빫ϣϽȥ볯˵Ǽ£֪ʵ˺ӣԻʵ۸ã
Ͷƴӣ̾ȥҳ㣬˵Ȱһͨ
ûбŭýһһΪ˻ʵ룬һ㶼û˽ģˡ
ûټ˵ƽմһжӽ̵ġ
͵˳ߡԹƽ꣬߹ࡢκ֣Ĺѧٶ
֪ҪպĹһҪڳվסţóҲС
һһ泯㣬̨µңߵҲԽԽˡ
ҲԽԽΪǡˡڷ̨ûм壬ֻȻ˽Ҳڷ̨ҪϢǽĵȻġ
ڣֻͨĳѾܼ罪ˡҪ١
Ǻܴ󷽵ģʽʲô٣
ֻҪõңǸǣСҶ֮¡
ȻСˡǵڶ죬ļ¾ͳ˻ʵߵһּ
ֻּǸĩƷС٣ʵȨ١εһ죬ҪȥҰݻһ飬׼
ȥңȥռҡҺһ裬˵칫涼ûţһܼ㡣
ռңȴȻ㡣
ͼչǰ̿ڡȻЦʱ°ѽ͵ϵģȻڻʲôã³Ǳѷһ³Ҳϻʺˡ
һ˽˭ܵʺأ
Ȼ³˻ʺǹţɲĻ
һȻǰĹе䵭ư
ȻΪ⡣СˣȻϸ̨ȻҪһġ£ΪˣܰѽתͷռҶһԣʲôֵģ
ԸСˣҪͣĸôСҲദΪֻҪкôû˿ġ
Ȼ̧һƽ𣬿Ϊ̧һ
Ȼƽӵ嵣ʱڸɫȻһܡ
󣺡Σӡ
Ȼ֮ǣͷ
Ȼ̹Ȼָһָ̨
ɽȴҡҡͷ˶仨Ȼǰ
ȻЦԭ


578 С
л, ȥȰسˡ
ٷӵֱŤˣƢˣһ֮ŭǹ٣һ֮´ŴⲻϹ˳ʵ۵һ㶼ҪȥοٰȰơ֮Ƿŵ˵û˸л
ֱӺɱĲûУʧΪˡʵ۵ģûУԳӵһЩʧ֮ٶҪݲŶԡ
رԼ£һЩ, ӡ
Խ˴ּĵһ¾ͣȥѻȰ´Ҷ⡣
˳Ҳ⻨ȷʵӴˡ
칫, ˵˾ǲ, 㿴ڷ̨ˣɶ°ǧô, ҷһƨ
ڻһбͲˡɼҪ, оͲܷű
ԣ֮ǰչϵ, 칫, ǲǺеأ
칫ײˣƢҲ, ˰˵͸ϳȥ, ĵ׷ȥٵ˼, ֱ˼
˶֪칫ǸȻԸ
ϲ
Ϊ칫ˣҲΪ·ˡðͷΪҪվءȻ֮ǰڵʱµĵӣҳϷǶôʱ˿̾칫Ȼ͵ʱˡ
칫һپͱʾǲվȻԺȻѹأ˼Ҳվһͷ
û취칫Ȼ壬һվ쵼˾ͲȻˡ
ЩԭģȻֵעģӿһʱͥС
칫Ĵŷֳɼɱ
һɣ֧ɡʾ칫˵ʲôʲôô˭ʹ˭
ڶɣԳֹɡʾ칫ôӣչټֻĵΪľӢΪ£㻹ǸȻԺͱȽϺãٱǰôס
ɣëΪףֱӾô죿ǱǱȻ
ʵɡ
칫ë˵ʵۡ
ëѣǾǳ
칫ҡͷ̾ҵĹʧΪƹܣڿ˭ʵԼźá
ëѣǱ¡ǸɵӡΪǿʯͷء
칫Ǿͻʵۡ
ëѻĺëˡ
һЩʱƽʣѡ
ʵ۴ӵһʼǳӼ̳СֻлʺĲܳΪӣǸͨˣȹӼλΪʺҲ궼ʦ֮ͲٳԼǻʵ۵ĶӣǳԼĳʦ֮ӣһС
治ôϸˣҲܳƹӣ̫ӵѡֻʺ󣬲ˡ浱˻ʺڴʷУʿ
ǳǳ٣̫պλˣʷҲΪӡĻʵ۵λ
Դ˵Ҳǳ裬Ϊ˱һٷĴ󳼻ŬֹӼλ
󣬵Ȼ͸ӷſˡ֮ҲУҲԼٽֶΣΪʺ֮ӻΪӣΪ̫ӣλΪۡ
ţһۣϲһӵ̫ӣǸӵƫƫֻһˡͲʺ󣬻ʺȻͲкˣȻʺˣӭһʺ󣬸ǶǶµǰһ̣Ӯˡ
ΪһǳɲŵģʣµĶֲʶ
űӰӭΪ̫ӣӭΪʵۺʷдļһʡֹˣһĴǰдԼСʱһθһĵĻʵùѪͷ
ڿӦŮļױеϲľӦԼдССֹǼԼ򱾼ڵĹ£ŵǸʱڣ£ڵˡ
едʮСó졣
ֻڼױڲܿһǿġ
ֻӦһҵļУͿһʻĴ
߰ٶ꣬ʵ۴ʮкûʵۣҲвõġòãǴʵ۴ʤ̣˶ٹ˵ġ
пԿжϱ׼¼
һ롣ÿǳҪļ룬һǼȣһǼ졣
ʵʱԽ࣬Խʢ󣬼Խ˳Ĺ
ĳһλʵʮ꣬ʮΣƽһΣҵʱ˾Ͷ۲˵ûȥĵȣТúǳϣᱣġ
жϱ׼տʼЦһ룬ûеΪʵ۵ļ룬ʵǿȫǵĹƷ֧ŵġڷ̨ҪһλҪʥּи͹Ʒڵʱ϶ҪѪ
ʵܼôΣӲҲ֤λʱǶǺġ
ܲһûʵۣһһǿĻʵۡ
ڶ׼ǣˡ
˲ָգָкġǴңСңյȡ
ĳһ˾Сôд˵ʵʱ˾ǼҶʮӣʮŮ˵ʵǸûʵۡ
һʵۺ˱ӵġ
ȴ顣ֳǵǣʱ̷Ķ˲Ų㡣˲ţרָ飬ʶ֣һļʶˡ˲ţһֻļвóڴ˵أڴ˵أѹʾ춼Ǳصˣ֪صһһľʱá
ֳǣʱͶֳҵӵˮ
µСã
ϧʱЩ˶ԳּݣϷܡ
Ӧù˰ɡ
ôЩͷأҲһڿ϶ȱˡ
еĽˡ
ڹҲȱ˰
Щūˡ³ûУӱС
ı׼Ͷˣ˶졣һС˵ĳλʵʱĹǷһŮķʽŮӸƵ
˺棬ʾʵýķʽ˵ճɿӡҲĳЩط˻ַʽֹŮҲԷΪ
֮СеļһεĻʵۣ˵ʷл˵һ˵ĺû
Ϊ˳Ȼ׵Ķᱻ䡣֮⣬ûйʧġ
λʮû¶棬ûдһʥּҲûһ󳼡
ⶼ¡
Ϊÿļ붼úõľٰ˰ˡ
ʹ˵ⳡ󱻶Ϊ񡱡ҡǶ۾ͻֱ½
һûдĻʵۣһӿʷĻʵۡ
룬ʹ
˵ǻ󽫾רĻ
߸˵ľʹ󿪳ţӭǧפ
Ȼڴ˵صĳԺȶҪˡ
ⲻʲôûоӪġľɾӪѾӽɲֿˡ
ǧҪӪ
ľϡʯ϶ɽˣ
ѻ󽫾Сͼ˸˹סĹҹ
ڣʱͼޡ
ͼΣŮˣһҲһʼĽżֻܱꡣ
˵ղ˸Σε󽫾˰ˣĸҲ
ͼο˵ġ
˵ôأ
ͼ˵󽫾߶ǾǿǷ̨ϵ˶ֻˣò˴󽫾
˵ƭˣ֪󽫾Ȼսֲûб̵ˣ˵ܴܴ󽫾ء
Ȼͷ˵
ͼˣתˡ
׾ԴǣȻҲǾ٣ᱳ
ȥԼԽԽµģɵ˻ȥ³Ρ
е£˵ʾأ
ӵ֣֮ĴţҲ⾯Ҫ֮ɱҪôӦԣ˵ܡ
˵ôأ£󽫾ġ
˵ҪǷš

꣬˵Ҫˣβɱأʣ
а
һĻ
˵ɴˣ
;⻰ź⡣


579 
һֱﰲǡ
ﰲԵƫ, صİմպл, ˺١
ܴű, ΪĸתƵܸлҳϹϵȻͶ, л, лһرĴ, бڣܹǺһ㡣
кȾ, лŽҲһ˵⻨ﶼҪط̨, 㻹ȥ𣿡
ҡͷлпɫ֪ڷתлŮĻ¡ĴͶ, ȫл, ȴҲȥԼˡлһ, ˵Ը⡣һ޶Ҳûϵҿʮ, ˭֪Ժ󻹻᲻ٻȥأ
ȳԺ, ľлҵˣİҲܵĺˡ
Ҳ֪һô, ȻлԸŮǿܴ, лڵ˵ķ, պҲٲΪлҰǰ, ܱûͷûԵĻط̨Ҫõöࡣ
ĶҪ̾һʱ˲ãȽͶչ£ֺαٸʵһأ
ʱҶԻ֣ʵС˻ңС˻
׵ǧͷºʲôҲûҵĴ󽫾֮λϮˣʲôûıȨָĻˡ
ôˡ
ԣĲŸҶԻְû¾ʲôҲˡ
ǻһɱ֮󻹽Żĵֱʣк˻ҵˣеıûռˡ
ʵ۰ıȨֶֽ֮Ļѱ˻
һȮ죬ɻ
ĵʱֻݻһܣûջֻ֣Ҫ⼸·˾ˡ
ڳ˻ջĶˡ
ľ֪òˡѸߣűĴأֱҵﰲͣ
ܵúܼʱΪȻһսһʱشϰٳ̣һ͹ˡҲôġҪһξͰ
֮ƽðࡰнопܡЩһǱ˵Ҫٵĳǳأͳͳ˲ʥּͼѵӡ
ʹűеĳǶ˹
֮Էס
ĳʮԭİΪ˵ЩҲˡԶȥˡ
ڻ棬ҪϡջĶûŹŹˡ
ȷʵˡ
˶˵˻֮ԭ
лĽѡ
Ҳû취
ͻڴûʲôֱԼȻóΪ·ʱھӴˣɱȻ̸ֻֽļһǿöࡣһǸճʱ򣬻ﾹȻΪЩ̸˾һʧˣºܷȻҲ˱˵ǹ֮
ǲط
һǻջԻʵ۾ľվڻʵǰʵҲҰѱ
ڶǻﱳվǻʵۣ󲻹һȻ
ʥּɱˣʵ±ڲ֮Ҳֻѡ˵ãʵһһսƣ˵࿴
ľͲɱһ·
ضҷٳͲСôˣȻʵֻɱƽϢ̬
ԴһʼֻûҲҰܡ
ҲҰܣԵʤˡֻҪܣʤˣҲûй͡
ڻ﷭ˣ͸ܻط̨ˡȥȻֻʵ۸˿øСȥеıͲԼˣһᱻȻȥˣԼֻ¹ȻǰĽŵףһ·
ԣֻϾﰲǣȢл֮Ůպ󣬾Ͱĵл֮ɡ
ûݶãﰲ˾ͳһϢ
棬󽫾һġ
˵󽫾һϢ˵ı˺ˣʹ޲ֹ
Ϊ󽫾֮ͬ鰡˶ʥּġ
Ȼ󣬸󽫾һ˶ˣ󽫾ΪЩ˱ϵɽ͹ϧġ
ͬյֵܱ˳յֵܲ˰
ı˺ˣǱ˭ģﶼҪı𰡣
Ȼڿ϶Ǳ˵ģ˵Ѿأ㲻Ҳһ˸ˣ̷ܱ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪǺúõģΪʲôط̨ء
϶ǱˡҪôѾˡ
ǱˣﶼҪı𰡡
ھȹˣҪıˣ˻ĵǣҪСˣ
ϢﰲлҾһ
˹ӰοĴŽ˵ﰲܾĴûһġ
ҵﰲǸʱ⡣
Իʱ䴳µͿģл
˵ﰲҪɻ󽫾սеһˡ
лҵѡҲܼ򵥣ֱϻģ˵߰ɡǮϽ߰ɡ
ûŻĸʲôꡣûѱֻﰲлңԴߡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģ˻飬ˡлǺþۺɢˡ
лҲܸжǿеΣҲͦģؼʱûǣǸˡ
Ǻʲôأôףֻͺȥˡ
Ĵˣһˡǲ޸лŮлС
лд˼ӣһ׷ˡļЦ֪̾㲻֣ĺӲܳʲôأлбȻĻ곤꣬ôڼأ
ڼû̴򰡡һӱ飬ζű󣬽֮󣬼Ȼֻ飬ҽ֣ȴϷȥ̡ϰðٰգڼ֮⣬ҲûС
лҶ˰꣬лмø̾ԱΪڣȴֻҪͨǲˡЦѵϾܻ𣿡
лб硣
ﰲСӹҲƽ顣лȴһֱҪȥ̨һչ
ѧ̨ȵң칫ɵãռңչҲɵáڷֻ̨ûصﰲڼ¡
ԺĽıлҸߣ֪һ·Ҳ̲ס
леҽճ̫ʱͻҲ޺ˡ
ϧ죬бԶˡ
ʱǰ޳ǣ޴壬û֡ɽǰֻһƬƽ̹
Ķ˵лᵽԼץãӽһ޾ʹͷǰȥ
֪жˣʲô֮ǰֻʡġ
һһ׷ڵˣȴ治ԶһԴԵ
ֻ̾ˣлУ㵽ȥԱס
лһǱſڵ϶ãվվղһ·ſϹģֻ඼Ҫ³⻰Ҫ֣ſڻĵԣѵ
Ĳߵǰ棬ĵ棡ڴȥ·
Զһ߾٣ӳݡ
ľȵķ֣Ȼһɽˣͷ󣬺Ӹס˰
䡣һֳìָǰ˵·ף
ĵȻľôˡʮ꣬һδһʤûҪǾôˣ۾ղϡ
˵Ҫ
ԸڻµһСֻҪ̡ܼ
˵ߵ˾ȻЦ
Цҡͷڴˡֻҡ
ᵽʲô̽ʣǻҲʽγǣ
䣺ǡ˻ģΪн㣬Ը
ĹڵأԸ


580 ͬı
㡣
һ, ̨ǱߵƲ̫áʹ, һмµĽ, ǽ, Ͷ£ڳһּ
Ի˵, ϣȥҲֱ, չ칫һȥͽıȨ
˵ΨһȨ֮ߡû, ֻһ˵ϣܳȻ
칫, 칫˴, ȻҰĲ, һ˼Ϊ̨һԡ
Ҳ, Ȼǲݵġ칫ǱߡܲһҪϾγѾ˲ˡʤҲʵԣܵ˵, ǹڹ
ǰų칫, ٱ׳ȥ
Ϊɱʵе̫ˡ
֣˼ɵ޴֮ʱűѪ޵˻һڿ˺ˡ
ЩӹĳǣôܻŹ
ʱеûնݳˡ
תһ, ô, ˵һ֮, ĳҲֻǽȥһѡɱˣھķˡ
ԣǲܷеı
˽´ȥܣʳǣԼѡ͹ȥ̡
ĸһͬ顣
ĸݼ󣬶ȻǸɱġܻǲҪط̨Ȼĵˡ칫ﵹǻأȻһضûС
ǲݵĽˡ
ֻĸ飬ɱȻˣòǻԼˡ佭һܺʵѡǻ;ģԭɽˣʱȥɱȻдɽ񣬻ְ佭ץˣɱȻⲻ
һóƵ޷ˡ
Щϧ佭̾²˾ġ
ĸȰ֪󽫾һʣ󽫾ƽʱҲǳشˡҲĿãҲֻ֮󽫾١
һȰ˵󣬻ᣬĸ´˼ơֻ佭תҪʩˡ
ĸ󽫾֮ǧҪ¶мȻ䣬Ұδʱ󽫾⺦ҪԸ󽫾Ǿˡ
ͷӦ£ֶĸ˵֪ЩʱҶԴ˶豶ýжȲˣҪ£ֻһҪ˸߸ȥҪǵðˣڱ󵷹
ĸūūزô󽫾ġ
ĸȥʱ졣佭˴ײ֪ιͶ˴󽫾ԵЩ˶ѹ棬˲ˡۿҪȥĸȻг죬ȥѣ¾⣬һʫ̸ͣò
ڼ佭ⲣ޵
ĸ븹ž³ԣСкοɾ壿ϻƤϸãҲ˽Ƥ䵽ȥSΪ飡
⻰ճڣĸеڣװȵڶҡͷ˵֪ˡ
һߵĻҲʼһ̾佭ֱ˵佭ǶĵˡԷʱ룬̾佭ⲻ֪ʲôԵúòã
Ⱦʱ룬˵ƺã佭ȣԼǰľҲȥúղ佭
Ҫ͵µĽǣȡһѱ˵˽ã佭ȡһѱ˵˹ã佭
ĲŮЩǰһͣȻҪִȥ
κ֣˿Ůˣ佭ˡ
ʱУ˻ϲ֮⣬µûһڵ
ϻĵͷ­Ȼñ治Ŀˣϡ·ȷʵһˣʮ͡
ϣҲû취ϳǲǻġûˣ
佭Ҳƭο佭˻൶ǹڳϣѪ߰ߣһǾһսսʿѱ¶ʬϰ
˹Ȼ׶
ĵȶˣһֻ¾ͻᷴôȥҲãպҲһ֮ˣͶ˵Ҳܱ档
ޣصĿ˵佭ĶˣҲǻҵĶˡ
Ҫ佭Ϊֵܣ
Ӫв֪ɵ˵ȻȺ𷴶ԣ佭ˣǸ׵Сˣսƻƭ˻ǰǵ˵İɱԼǰˣôܶԻһƬأ
ԽȰԽᶨ󻹰ЩȰ˶ˣŭ֮»˼
һʱӪпһƬ޻ﱻԻ佭Ұġ
ȴһеĸֵܣݺΪܣΪ֣ҪѴӡø
ӡ
ﾪһ亹ҺߵĸϽȰ˵ʹİѴӡջˣٿһĲʣиӼᶨҪ˴ˡ
￪ʼ뽪ͬͬԣգͷ棬Уе׻˻İԽԽˡ
ﲻܲʣܽҪʲôҪǮҪҪͲϸˡ
Ͱһ䣬˵㲻˵ӴΪ𣿼ȻҪֵܣΪʲô᲻ıأ
ﱻƵòűӸʮƥһϸ˵ⶼǻҺ˵ģ˾ǲТʵڲܸ
ϣ˵ɴҲĸպˣǰͣھ͸ջҲǻˣҲҪҵıˡ
ֱʱνɱ˴ˣ
ĸʱ˵ʱЩԥЩڡǰ㲻ˣ
ر佭Ȼڶ͸ĳԼǻȥ洫УԳݳֵܺ󣬾͸գӴ˾ջˡ
ʻǼ٣
ﻢ£ķϣֵ佭ֻʱȥ
ٵȴҹζࡣ
¾Ʋˣ䣬ڳֳֵȻҲջˣǿ֪ǻҵĴ˭
ȾƳԲˣʣ˭ĳȥɱ
ﵱֳӢ䣡գȻµһȵСˣ
䣺С˵ɱæʣֳҪȥˣ䣺ǿһԴˡĳԴ𣿡
ϲʱʱòֵˡ
Ƿ̨Ĵּ£Լ˵ֳ䣬Ըȥ顣
Ҿһ񣬡ʿȻ̧ͷ
ͷ
󣺡
䣺Щ졣Īʶģ
뵽Ѿȥˡ
ۼ⣬ֶϵˣ̵󲽣ʿ壡󣬰ݼʿ
ֺһ˫۾Ŵ֡
ִӵ뿪ˡ
߽Щ
߹ð
Ӻδʡ
̨
ˣˡ
𣿡䶢Ž濴һĳһ䣺
һ̣ΪصֳǺ󣬹Ҳô˵
ʱһūūСʱ⣬ŮӰء
ʱ⣬üϸűѡߵġ˭֪Ͳÿˡ
Ի˵ҿȥҪһͬȥ
һΪΣ䣺ǲΪɵȥɱˣ㲻ȥڱô죿ҪȥɱյģҿԸɱҲҪһȥ
ҧ룬ǵͷ
ѽƭ̨ڷ̨ɱȻҲԼٳǿΪ
ֻܰȻƭˡ
תͷʽ󣺡ּƣ
ͷһơҪط̨β󷽷Ļȥʱӭ÷ʿ
˼ڵͷӦ´˼ơ


581 ø
Ϊʵ۵ʹ, ڵõĻӦ󱾸ط̨һϢ
λﲻϷ, ֻһ⣬, ŴڻҼҽĻȥ̨
һһؼ, ĩ, Ƿյļˡ
ûжͬһطһ, ô˲̫, ߡôҲӴ
ڱ𴦵ľȻɱ, ľҪɻԼˡ
ۿ˷յļˣ, ͹㷢ӢҪ
Ӧڡ
бյŵĳǲԸ⻹ǲԸ⣬ֻҪ뱻ҾܵԼſҪİ׼, ټ, ͵ҴӪ
֮, лû뵽ǣ֮ǾȻҲš
ǳ, Ȼ;, ǵȻֵüһ
ĸȥ, ĸ˵, һá
Ҫҵı٣
ĸЦЩжθڣǧ˰ٵľ͹ˡһ·бȫడ
ȥԭˡ
⻹Ҫ
Ϊս𣬰ʧͳ˷ˡǾ۵һĴΪ
Ǯˡɱˡ
ЩҰ˵ܣгԸɱ׷Ҳץסǡ
ˡ
ΪʲôǸһҲȥܣֻûԸ
ﵱһȤ£Ӫи˵
һЦˣѧܺǵ˵ҲҪһһССˣһȻҵǵͷϣôĵӰ
̾˾裬Ҫȥȡ˵ͷʻǲǻӪУ
￴ϵݷϣˣȻԸǾͽ˸ϳȥˡ
δ䣬վˣ˵Ҫȥ׬ǮˣǮ׬˵
ֻɫĿ֡ȥһ仰˵
ȥ󣬵Ӫǰ󲻹ԶٷĹӪаԶ㳲
гͿһ£Ƶʢ
ĵ׸Ӳˡ
һç
ȻĽšʦͨ£סһѲҪҰˡ
սϣԽǲҪģԽ
ĬĬ̾Һãˡ
һ·Ȼ˵һ·Ļ
뽪䣬뽪ŲСԨԴĸ׾Ϊ̳º͡ĸԭµḷ̳֮́̾еһĶá
ãҲֻܸһࣻժǹȴԸ³֣ࡢκڻҸ³˷̨
ôܲһ׷أ
Լ潪䣬ԼĶӺʹҵиһ·˷̨µĹǡ
Сһֱڽǽеİ١оݣ඼һ·ĶҲת۸ˡ
С̵ĽİΣ⴫Ÿңô⻨ӪУ
䣺Եɺ϶ѡк½ңСҡͷֻǵĽ¿϶
֪˵ûдʣһжڽ֮С
ٹգֻҾҪȥˡ
С̴ϲҾһˡҲ潫̽̽·
䡰͡Сһ˺ٻһӣȥʿҲ
ҵʿеȡΪǶʳÿֻȥͷԷÿһӻһû˳Ա
ΪµĶҪǰǽԼﲻûǸˣ
˭֪佫˲
佫ÿضʳֱӷˣҪˣʹȥ
ÿԶ٣Զ౥Լ
ӹãɱǺö˰
ҵı佫ıǽֱӷǣ˰佫ıúܣ·Ҳ߰ģЬûС
ǵӪֱ֮ڵ˯Ӷһ
ɿϣôôأ
˾͹˵ȻôܰؼȥȥͲ¶ˣ
ͼһڳԵ
佫ɵһǡ
ҸŽ춼ܳԱˣСҪˣ˾ûˣɵӲأ
ҵı⻰Ѻ󣬸òˡ
ƾʲôЩϴǶܳԱǷԲˣ
ǲԸġ
ȻǾڼҲǼҾʵС֮ҡзеأҲū̺򣬸ĸã檽ʲôˡȻһ٣Ǿֻܱ
Զ磬ϦšҹϮ˯ʱ˯ʵˣҹﱻϮԴ磬ߴ檣Ρ
˶ҲûʲôñԹġǾҪģѡ·ֻܼϣгһɱΪһҫ鹣½硣
佫ճˡ
Ǹʲô˰һûһֶʶϰһգٽһɵò񻰵ˣأԻ磬ɱˣĲƻ;ۼôĺ
Ȼǻ󽫾ʣȻһϯ֮أ
Ѿˣٿ˴ıһҪսƴɱЩҰ˺·֮߳ģһѷӵȥ򲻹תͷܣ佫ͷܣЩҹﴵ꣬˵ôܵÿ죬ôܵýе׷ϣͽ
һϸ룬һԴڿϣ˼ⱲҸӾˣܳԱһܽǳԱܵĽ
أ
мĺӲƴԣԲʱԼôĶ֪
󽫾ѻ˵ٺӪ˶ġ
Ҳɵӣ̹սϵĹ£ûһǧҲ˰١
ҵ˸ˣֻʣ»󽫾һڱӣ
ǰ˵󽫾ľԸԭü̳еıָ
սϵۡ
Ļô
ôɣڵľƾݲϸ롢˼ˡ
ǣ˯ʱ򣬾ͱ˵һ䡰Ļ
Ҫ㣬ܣ
ߵȻ˯˲棬ûҹʱء
䶼ȡ̿͡һý˴⻨ҴӪзȥٽлﵱȫӪʿһ飬ֵ֡
Ǹˡ
䷭˵ӵҲ⡰̿͡۰ֽţȻĵİ˸͵Ӫȥúˡ
ĽЦԷǡ
Ϊһˡ
潪䱨ŵġ
Ȼ뱨ΪԭĻĳһˣԸգսһչ֮УٸߵҲͽͣɢߵһȥʱġѾˣֻ°ݵΪŴֻС
Ϳʼɻˡ֮УɱǰΡĵҲսѪɱ¾Сˣת˸䣬ѡ𡱵ϣڽˡ
룬˻õģǲ֪ҲڱǰҲѶԻĻɺг
Ǻѵõġ
˽˽Ӫص̨󣬰˽Ȼ
˵Ȼ̨䣺ҲòһҲԸѻƭȥ
ӣŭӪ˶˸飬ĸ⡣
Ψûɽ䡣
ӪеԽԽŹ֣Σ
ʱʥּ͵ˡ
绨󣬻ʵ˵Ȼչӭʮӭ󽫾ʤ
ʥּвǲġ
ԵʮﴦţҾȥʮﴦõܵܣŸĺϢĵ˿нŴڰӭӣӦûµġеĻѾˣӦûбĽˣн̨ıҲܵöġ
һжӦһʧ
ϵŽ˵ø磬ܵܵһΣҪˣ


582 ʳ
ʮ, ֵʱڣ̨ȴʸߡ
ǴС, Ҽһ֪¡
Ļ˵, ڶӣǼûİվͷ˳һ׬Ǯ˳Էġ
οǮҲʳ
λڷ̨, ̫Զ, ԭش, ΧһءһضСǡ
ڶ˴ﾭ·Ҳ޹, Ҳˡ
رЩ³³ˣԺͿѻֵأΧĵȫռˡ
ԭֶɾˣȫ
˵³ֵزؽ˰, еͼ, ܱȵͼ۸, ֵصĲճô, һ궼׸ɡ
ĺ, нغصİնĽѡϴôֵĸʲôϵغصİȴͿʼǵŮŮ, ˵³, ŮҲɵǳԲϷ˼ҵһҧһţ͵˹ǵš
˵깫ǵŮѾﵽʮɵø˵ıݺһڡ
СʮʱȫеŮʮ֮һûС
ʮȶѵá
ֻūôŮˡ
ʾ˿У൱һֶǱذգǳȺӵǣһңһ壬һգȵȡ
ȻȻӵˣ϶Ͳٻˡ
պʲôܵҲǾԲϵġ
ʮȻ٣ѾùǽһԵѭˡ
ùǵİм飬ǵƽʱ̸ʲôõġǵġ
ǹǼյķ
ԭûгϣΪǲǴԭĳǣھ³ˡ
԰ǲӵװԼ³ˡ
ְǷǳģǾڴȻеĶܵһʱֵ١
ʲôҲ
ɰǾǾãֻһʼԺ̻
ԣǲ뵱³ˣǴˡ
˵³ҲҪʵ۵ʥּʵ۲ֱӾʹ³Ҫ³Լ
ǰǣ³ǻʵ۵Ĵҳ
³ڶԻʵ۲̫𾴵£Ҳˡ
ǵ˵ʲôǺֱ׵˵
¿ɹܲ³أ
ƣ⻰˵ģˡ
̨׼۱ˣ̾ǲҪ̨͹ˡ
Ȼȫ˷̨ʳҲܼٸʮ֮һһЩֻš
ܽаջ̻̲յģʳ
ֻҪУͲĻš
һûˣˣǾ군ˡ
ҲҪ˵Ĳ·ֻǰȥ߾ڹǰɱģ˰ʳ͵Զ
ʵĸ㣬Ѿ䵽ˣҲôѡ
̶ʮ֮ڣ̨һӸߵ칫Ŀĳ̶ȡ
һҪ飿ô͵زˣ
̨˳׶࣬󣬷Ǻײʳڷ̨ǿڳԵĶϵġȻڱ³ӰĻƶʳ񽬵ҲɵңΪ
Ҫģָ֣׵Ⱦסϸס
üҲһʼôߵļۣԭҲһһ㣬һֱû䡣ǰգͻȻͲˣ۾һӸˡ
칫ʣˣȡǷᡢӹȵأûϱ
̨λڴϱߣˮΧĴÿգ̨Է̨ϵ˻ûӵζ
ϽȥҴ̴̽ȴľ
ĵطȡǷᡢӹĵʮǣҰǧ˷յļʱ·ϣĿһҰһƬƣ߼ʡ
ҲЩطĴ
Щط˶٣ɡ
ϸ̽ȻǸǲ̷ˣջʳȫյǿȥˣһûŹ
Ͻ¸칫
칫Ц췴ɣ˵վͽ˽дһתͷʥּ巢ȥˡ
ȥּĵȻҵˡ
ʥּǰҲûٹ칫Ǹÿһ¶ȥҳҪһʥּȰţºһʥּ
еĲҪʥּģ칫Լˡ
ةɲǰġ칫ƽʱӡֻԼСӡб˸Υ
칫áʥּǵ̫غȳһ˰˾ũ´ɹٶ뵽
ͻȻͥУһѴСԱ˳Ҵҵظϵңƻ˻вҸϣ̨ϵ˿ϤһĻ⵨
ǰʮҾ
̨ϲǳ͢칫Ҳǡ
лܲ³̾칫á
Ϊ۵¡칫Ҫˡ
Ȼǿһɽȥһ˶ȥûӮһ
ڶ죬˾ũϱˣ˼ҶҪˣûǮˡ
˾ũıǶſտҲģ꣬Ͱѱݸ˳ˡ
ЩҲ£Ȼйְǰȴû٣˾ũŴϵʱЩ˻һͷ֪Ǹʲôˡ
Ǽ˾ũϢΪҪȻʱҪٳһܣ˾˾ũѡ
ϣ˾ũ˵֣֮ˡ
һϵĴ˵ȱ˾ϣٽҵǡ
ٰ˾ũϸϸһо֪˾ũµģ滵Ϣġǲٵ̰Ȿ͵˳ǰ
һ󣬲š
ôûǮҲûأǵǰʺͻʵܶ˵еǮʮģʳʮġ
ƭ˵ģ
ҺãȻµĹжģ¾͸ͣȵ˵ҲԣָпءҲ˵ָǷ̨صʳʮ̨꣬صǮʵۺͺǻʮꡣ
˾ũⱾģָǹ⣬Ҳ֧ӦĹǮûˣ˵ûˣҪˡ
Ҳָι̨µҡԱյĴûˡ
˵ڳɻûǮҲûˡȻҪ¸ǹԶˮѽʣѵҪһݲͳ
̨һǮһ棬ȫָŵ¸øð
ٲһ˵ѾˣʱӦǹӯʱˣڲûнˣ̡޵ꡪûءÿʹȥĶÿĻѾѹˡ
ȹʱûǮˡ
ȻϼٱûⱾгľ
š
ǺãҸʼƺأʹǡ
Ҳûܳ¡ǰ첻ǳ˴ţ֮⣬ʲôС
̶ټ칫
ҲƼȻģ鳯Ӧڴʱ̣ΪȻԺ͡
Ȼ£֮Ҳü
ɳϲȻѡ칫
Իʵ۵壬ȥ̽칫̨һ
Ȼڼ֪ˣȻð
칫˶ˡһ£˶ֻ뵽칫
̨ʸֲʲô˵£ⲻ֤˻Ӧ÷ű
ⶼûֵˣʳˡ
һѻҺͳء
룬˿ʼ⴫ԡ
һ󽫾
ڶҲűһ
ڣЩǸҪԻΪУԻұĳΪС


583 뵶
ȻȥԻû, ʥּѾӷ̨ʹߴˡ
һοǵʥּ
ּ, ʵ׷ȥϾǻʮûҹ鷳һһ˰μ, һʥ٣ܹĴøǳѪ֮ʲô鷳Ҳûҹ
ܲ˵һܸʡµĺûʵˡ
, ҪŰɣ
Ȼ, ʵֻǡ
, ߰ٶ, ܲƵǹ೤˵ʵ۸ҵĹϵǺܺõ, ֮ûдìܵġ
Ȼ, ʵ۽궼ʮ, ˸ĹҪѡ, ʱ˿̣ʵҪһ޵, 
λʮ, ûүүүү޹һη, ŽҪȢ, οһ, 
ְɣ
, ˭Ҫ˵޵ģվ
վ
Ҿ͵ûˡ
ţȻޣǻʵǲǸ
ʵ˶֮д󺵡𡢺ˮ߲֡ʾ
ûУ
˵ҲΪʵдİ
ȻˣĳǣΪĻԹޣǴǹ٣Ȼܽ˰ǲд
ʵɱǰȥȰӦõİɣ
ʵ۶ɱȥˣЩǵ֪ѵӦԸǹ
ûô˽ʵȥĽ࿹
˴ܲɱ
񲻳ͣкƣ
ֻܹʵ۵Ľɱ
ΪµĹ壬ʵ۵Ľ棬ɱѾӦõģ˶Ϊ֮ҡ衢ֵģ
ѵΪ˻֣
ǻֲ֣
ʱֵˣضЩһĻԹް
󣬻ʵǣû֣˻ҲոôǷ񰲾ҵ껹ڶŮӻܰȻĶžױŮǻ黶
ʵ۶ˣ㻹ж
ж˾Ϳοʻʵ۰ɣʵ۸մ棬ѹʱ򣬼οЩ֮ˣԽʵ۵ǳܰ
ģҳ
ʥּȻ̨µ˶ˣΪдúã˳ȥպֻһƪˡ
ڹҲҿһƪȳģΪ츳
ɼ칫ıʡ
Ҳڡ
ʥּдöһԵ׶һ̶ֱǸոպá
ɵöСҲϰģϰôеķִ֣ԺдʱҲܳҪдصˣ͸ƪʥּƵġ
СڵҲˣڹǰҲòˣһ̽ʥּʲô
̾Ȼ˰칦ƣ칫һо͸ˡֻ˶Ҫʵ۱ˡ
ǰ˶˼ǧټƲôģ̨ɣ칫һƪһȫ׷ˡ
ȻһֱιегܵĹɱɱȥ𣿶򵥰
߰칫زѾԷˡһԿ˰Ĳ԰
ٶڣĳǳضСˡ
ʣµֻȻͻˣ
ɲǶ֡
칫ڣöż£мʩչأܼǽǡ
칫ǿģֻ͡ʮ칫Ѿʮˡ滨ʮ깦ȥĥȥȣȵ칫лĻееùˣ
ΪսپڿҪͼ֮
ˣ³ܻôʱ䣬ûڲС
ֻʱһУԿһһӡߡ³Ծͼˡ
ʵαؼأ
Ұĵյ㣬һĳɾ͡
ȻȻƪ츳䷴죬ഫģۣ
Ӳ
ȴҲò
ԣʵȥӭӻʱԭȥȻعԹԵĴŵӺͻȥˡ
òȥ
칫һվʲôܵȥο¶һ֣̰˷̨ǰȵľ棬˳ݡ
֮¡ʵ۶δܵеù
ڳҪôڼвˣҪôֻܳ칫ͷ
ȻԸ⣬Ծͽʥּˡ
Ҳ֪һȥһΣգԴ˻Ÿƴ󽫾ɱ͡
ƴ󽫾̨Ȼֻʵ۵ĵǲҲ˭Ȼˣ˼˼͹ȥһСӣ
ȻһֻһˣȻȴصӣһȫԴڣ˻û֮⡣Ƽһеٮٮߡ
ǣȻ˶Ӷ֮⣬Ҳܰ˸ϻȥ
ûȻ䵭һռҼҽĵɣֻȻĳԡ
ռҳͣѰˮԴӪ
ȺŻ󽫾
̽ÿնȥֻ̽ÿ춼ûغϢһһ䣬𣬵ϵĲݻ̵ģѾʼ˪ˡ
ԣûȥռҵɫ
֮ǰĲعܣȻҲ˵дֻ̿ͣҪҾ֮аȻ߾ˣʣµǼٺˣҪˡ
죬ӷˣҰҰѼҲˡ
һȥϵͰһˡԽܹȥλ
㣬ѰˮԴ׼ϴɾ˺˳ԣͻȻֲԶһӱͳһ롣
߹ȥ֦Ӳɫ䣬㶼˲ϳԣΧĴѰһͻӪء
ӪҲ췹
СӪе˶װû׷ױܿ
ʹΣҪչĻ
ֱӴȻڡ
ȻߵĵӺȻ¶졣
һ˵յټС빫밲ʺá
һ˵ŲС˵ҲǶģôô˲Գʺã
Щ˵ˣȻ˵÷ɡ
淢˴̿͵ټ
˻һкһͨҡһѸղŸ̸۵ʿȫײվһʱ֪ˡ
ǱⱲӶս޹أǻݺչչչӭҲ
ȻҲڵΣˡ
ؿеˡд̿ˣһҲˡ
ȻǻססҴܵĵǣҽȥֵĵطѲһ
ȼҽȥ֮һжˡ
ӪĵطһˮԴȷʵͣټȻǼҽ˷˱㡣
ȻйˣɺֱҰǸǳˣűС֡
˱ʳ̶뿪졣
ٺˣôҲƭԼ˵һȺ񣬷ˣֳֺֻܹȣôϢأ
οǰռѾӪˡ
Ȼʼҽڴ˵Ϸ𣿡ҽԥСأӦǹ̽·ģڴ˵פųߡҲ˵פڴˣ˼ͲµġˮԴˮԴĵطǼټϻҪʺӪʺϳ͸ˡ
ҽҲˡ
ȻʣһǸõΣһϣҽġ
ΪռҵĶУͨյռ˳ɣ첻ģֻûɡԣܣҲܲڴ˵žˡ
ҽȴãΪ
طӪȫԲ˵᲻ߣٴһᰲһ㡣
˵д̿ͣҽǰѾӪĻ̻ˡط󣬴Ҿûôˡ
ȻҽģطӪ
ȼҽȥʱҲеߣȿޣȻḧοԸ߹ٺ
Ҳ˵ĩڣܱ˰Ȼ˾͹ܲˡ
Ȼ⡣
ռҶڵֶˣԶŸǵĽˣ
ʲôǸ
˵𣿾ǡ
ŵǸϵġϵ⣬ҪǸϵģ˵ҲܰţôҲҪ۸ʲôġˣк
Ϊʲô
Ͳˣ˵ٵģϲа̡ģͲܵ١˱ȻԼϿ쵽ʵһˣָŶͬ۱ϵļ˵
˵ⱲӾͲָˡҪСʱĻأҲУ
Сϴ˵ĺҡͷ˵Ҫúء
̾ˣҶӶûָˡ


584 
ռһ˴Ӵ˾Ͳðˡ
ӪҲ, вݵһβ棬ǰҹֲԶл￿
һĸӪضС
ռҼҽʱҲֻ˵ĶԡռǱ˶, ռԼֲǿӲǴ򲻹ģӵĻ˼һֱβɧ, ռҾԶð
ʱҹռҵ˶˲ٵĿ࣬Щ˸ɫ費, չܳŵסнʱ, չñߵĶӡӶֱʱ, 
չҲһҷڼҵʱ常Цչ, ˵ճ, ȴ۵¿, ڶ֪칫һ衣
ö, ȻⲻСչ
Ȼ˼ҽϴ, ȵĿˡȻٰ, ˵˵θô졣
ǻû, ռѾ´롣
ȻԼҲ벻ԸӢ, ƽʱֻԼʱ, ǰͷиҵ·, 칫ʱ, ɾһ칫С
ɳһ˲ŷ֣ıǱȲ칫ġұ˵ӣӷųȥܶһ档칫ĵǰ׸磬ƽʱûҶ֪ġһγţǵʵ۵ʹȥּηҲ֪ˡ
ֻǴʱ˵زǽֶʱҪȹԼ
֪֮ǰ̫䣬Ͼʵ棬ȰżҽϴԵǸӡ
Ҳûüӣ˵취һﲡصģҪؾͻȥҪأȷڶ˼ǰߣֱȥӭ󽫾ȼ󽫾ˣֱӾ˵д̿β棬󻨴󽫾
̿ǻ󽫾ɵģȥܲøҵ溦ȻǻˣȻͶ˻ǰӶô̿ƤȻ
ˣȫ
ȻԺҲûԥȥЩ־ֿۺ󲡵ĶӣҪأҪպأ
Ҫ·Ȼչ˲˵壬˵һ·ˡ⼸ôͣϢҲҩ·ʱ˵ͣϢ󷹳ˣȵˮеǸ˯˯ȣȫԼĲӲ
˺£ҲӲ˵ҪչߣǻҪ׷չ
ڼٻôͶȻ£ȻˣôڴʱأܸҪٻˣԼļˣչ϶ֲܡ
Ȼ˵ѡû˷ʱ䣬Ҫºʣµ˾ڼҽĴǰܣȥӭˡ
ͷ̽·ʮͷǰ󽫾ټȻȻϲҲɫ˷˵죬ȥ󽫾
͵˵ȥˣ˴˱ɴ̿͡չڻ󽫾Ҳˡ
ǰӭԶǱ߾̽ˣܵһԣʼţ⡣
㣬˵˵һͨ˾˵ˣȥ󽫾ȻϵıҲǰǣ֣ȥ
Ѿͣˡ
ԼһˣһǧٶˣܴļˡֻһǧҲš
һ˳Ҳýȥ
뽪䶨µļƲǣɵҹϮӪأɱչ֮ȥ׷Ͳý̨˲
˵׷㣬϶Ҫ㣬ܾˣҹܵϼٻһ㡣
ʵϣͰ˰ڱ䣬Ƚܵ崦ں׷ǰҪ˽
չˣҲϴԼ
ӪеȺ򣬼˵չǺ󲻾þд̿β棬չв˶ܾˣչ̫ˣ;ǽɵģаϲϾţδ󵨣죡ȥӭչ
ɵĴ̿;ǻָʹģԴӽӪԺʮ־
۲컨оǻңҽšƼңҪһһ
һ·Уܿҵչչأﵱᣬڳǰ˵ãΪչиʲôһѴǡ
ȻҲҪֵúһ㣬˷³Էӡ
ȻȻݳ
˻ƻӪʱû߶ԶȻز˵Ϊչ壬һãػʵҲȥչµЩ˸
պЩ˶ӡˡһںʣµҲǰֻһ
ȻŭɻεģѾ¶˲ơװ˲˲Ķӣֻߣаվȥ̹ԣֻһ˫ȭͷҪȻһˣеϣռˣǾͲˡ
ȻԥĶչ͹ֻϸȥڴӣȡĻᡣͷʹ޺󣬶´˼ơ
ͼװȥҵںδںδ͵˹ȱֻʱ
ʱܿˡ
ҹǣؼһƬ谵
˯ȻУͻȻʸƿյ
͵ôӵϵȰɱˣȻ⣬ȻԶǰɧ
ȻѾˣչչװȻ¡
Ȼϵڵϵʿ·󣬸ȥ
ֻϮӪС˵
Ѿˣˡ⸽Ļ涼ϨȻںڰȦȻҲȥȡȡ
ǳҳȥ˵
Ȼʱʵ̫ɣЩɡ
˵֮ǰҵϴˡЩ̿͸Ŵö֣ӦòǳŴġ
Ȼ˵뺦
ͷҲɣǿߣ
ûٶ˵˳ȥ
Ӫ⣬õĽ俴ˣ׷ȥֻˣɱǡ
һ˸ȥˡ
ʣµվڽߣӪأǺʱȥ
˵ϷȻҪһ㡣һּȥؿʶˣϻ𰡡
ð

һȺϰ˳úٵĺ乭䣬ͷʯףܵоð˻ǣһߣҹգ䵽ǰӪУһǻ㣬ǰӪظˣˣŻ⣬ܿӪ˯˵ģȥȦģȦȥ
߾۲ˣȥųɡ
Ǻö
ͷһһ˳ҹ˹ȥʱȦųϵͷȥ׷ں棬Զ˾Ϳ԰ٸϵһյԼĿڴ˺ǺǺǺǺǣ
˵⣬˿ͷʣµҲˡ
˵ϷҪһ
ҿǵˡ
ͷȥˡ
һƻĳȥˡ
֪ǵ
һֻ£һҲ۵糸ĳˡ
ֵ˺һȵ춼ˣżӪ׷ͽ
Ŵβںʣµ˽ӪȥӪµˡһ˵
ǿȵ˿̵ġ˵ȻˣֻȻĶӡ£Ҫôǽ˸ɵģҪôȻԼˡ
ȻԼˣû䵽׷ȥҲҪȡ
Ӫʮͷ׷ˡ
˭
ȥ溰Ҫܡ
ǵзѣڲ֪ԷĵϸʱǲǴġǰ治ԶˣֻҪܵҲˡ
ѷǵУž͸ñˡ
ãѡ
ղŽϮӪȻûгҲ˲ٵҲˣҲˣⶼˡ
ƺЩԡ
ԽĳǸ˵ֻûļơѵ֪뽪䶨µļƲߣں棬ˣ
Ҳǲܡ
ĸƽʱȾƣƺ޵£ְ꣬˵Ǵй¶ġһȥˣһ
ܿղɹȥ溰Ѿɱˡ
ûгɣһȥǰţٽԮһȥ̽·ʺӣʺϷ
Ҳû뵽⸽ĵƲϤ˵ͻԿˡ
׷ں棬ȥǰ
ˣƹȥ˰ӸɢˣǼСɱ⣡
ǸӵĴ󺺣һȭ˾ʹƹȥˡ
俴ǰֻĻ𽪼Ļ
һˣ껹ò˵֡һط̨˶ء
ǾϿһ£ֻҪȵüʱᶪֻǶȵĽպֻųսˡ


585 
Ȼһ·ӹȷȥ
ӹԶ, ֪, ӹһկ
կû, ȫ, ʳȫҹ, ˲ô֪Ǳұҵ˴Žȥ
ȻӪӳָ·, ȴ˵Ҫӡ벻չȻҰͨ
صկûʲô˰ɣɱ
ȻᣬΪӣߣҪƼӸТӲ㡣ԷСİżԳԿͷ͵Բҩˡ
ƼҡҪƼҵ, ȻҪƼ۸պֲռҵ, ΪʲôҪȻ۸أ
õӾ͵ӣƴŻȥһٴ򶼲䵽կȥ
˭֪Ȼ᲻ܱ, ¸Ҫ
µ˵ߣϺ󣡡˵ղȻݺһ, ˻һ, ǰ͵ôܳȥһ·Ȼʹ, ȴû, ѱõ, һʱæ, ЩҪȥס½ŲؿʱͼССıӰѾҹɫУʮĿ˶ˡ
ĸٳӣ֮һǰȥ
Ҳе㲻ԡһҲûֳܷʮֻǰʮֻ򣬾Ͳȥ׷ǰȻ
ݺˣ̲סпͷǸˡ
ڵطʣ˭
ĳƼӡ
һԴռҵģ
ȻЩ˵Ĺ˲٣ֱ۱̶˼֮գû
̴󺰣Ӣ常
湥ƲҷֳʮΧʣµļȥ׷Ȼˡ
ˣڳסʹһֺõϡ·𡭡
ҵҵһУʶţţţʮţôһʱеǵȥġ
һȥʹ¿Ѿͱ˸סͷ˼ûˣЩ˲ͣ
ʱҰˡ
ǸõȥСƵĸϿ˵ˡȥٷ
̧Ѫ۵¶Цû㣬Щסҡ
СЦһͷƴ󽫾İ㹭ã֪Ҳԩˡ
վܣܵĿһ㣬Ҫˡ
ʲôҸʶʮˣûôһܵܡ
СЦеأ֪ҵְҲǲܸ㣬˵ȻĶˣҷߣǰͷнӦģ
⼤Ҳ޷ҲȥǰиկӣǺӹҵġ֪֪Ǹģ
СŶһϵңԭҰǲô򡣡˵պһ㣡ҪϽȥţ
Ӧͣ˲ܵøˡ
ϣ׻Ǳ󡣲СʱļλʱͰ²һʮ졣ʱʮꡣ
ûʮʱܱʮ죬ڲˡ
סͷ۱죬ͺͷ򣬲Լ泯£İŰɡ
ͷϣǸҽأӡС磬Ӫ֮ѾԻ
ҴӪֻʣ¼ٵʿʹռˣǱġˡɱøɸɾӪҲһա
׷˲ã׷׷ӣȿһƬŨʱ֪ӪѾˡ
ʱɳȥŵһ˸õˣҪʱ䣬ٰ̿ȥ
ǱȻ׼壬ֻȺ̿ˡ
Ҿͣ
ߺˣɸұ
ߺˣΪβͷ¶β
ߺˣðңǲҪ𣿡
й󣬶Ĵ̿Ҳִһ൱ͳ˾ݲеҲʲôУǹꪣšššš
û졣
Ҵ¶ȻǴ̿͡
˽󣬾֮ˡ
Ϸµǹ뻨ƫ
ɽɽҰʳ
ԱůסݣŮˣºҵ
ɽй󣬶Ȼûж
ͻȻòã˴ӱ뿪ȥΧһǲǱз
Ȼȥ̽·һ֧ܿ챻ƻˡ
ֻ飬ƫж֧ƫһǧ֧
⻹ֵġ
ҧںòǰ
еʿǿʼֻȹ
ͻȻĵоʼˡ
Ը
Ը
˽лȥ
η󱲣ͷ¶β
η󱲣֪ܣ
߶һ󣬻ﲻٵȣҪùҶоƣòȻûߡ
һ
ֻҪĵطΪʤʱ
ϥأٹ죬һ䣬ţëļʸУ̧ͷӺδͻᱻʹ˫Ŀֹ
ŵ£ĵоʱɢ·Ĵܡ
æȣ壡
ɱųȥ
ųì󵶽ڲ
ӣɱ
ͷУ䣬ѪɡҶлš
Ѿ嵽˵о룬ֱ̱ɱȥɣ
θڻһì˲Ͱѵ˸Ȼֱȥ
вҲˡĲѾ˵ƴɱУʧƣն
ȥĻֻĶٶҲһƴܵһ졣
ܳȥˣĴ̿Ͳ׷
ﺰܣ˦øԶ
Ӧ͡
ðѪҧŽӣϱ޵õѪۣòƴȥܡ
ܿ죬Ѿˡ
ԷɣͻȻбðһֱ֧̿ͣǳ
ǲ
Լٶˣ
ֻжʮ
󺰣սܿ
ڲǴʱһϾ׷
ʹӺֳʮˣŴ̿ӭȥ
Ϊȡʱ䡣
ٶ˶˵̲ȥ
ͷʱͼʮʿΧסĳìǴĲõǹΧ
ʮֻǻزˡ
ҧסۣǰܡ
Ĵ̿ܿӰˡ
ʮ͵ˣټӰѾ
ͬʿֻҧأǰɱ
ǰȻðһ̿͡
ʱ׹ЩǹģһĳΪʵ
һСһСӵĴ̿࣬Ը˷ʱ䣬ֻԸܿ
٣սپǵļƣڴ˴
ֻü˾ǵĽŲ˻һ̰⼸˸ˣĴ̿Ҳ׷ˡ
Ҳܲˡ
ǸϽ
ǸսϽ
СĴס
￴ƫѾ˰ѵˡǸղűܿһˣʮ˵ڲˡ
ս
ΪЩ˲࣬Ӯ
ҧܣ
һ£ұٲԸҲյʣܿǰǳĴ̿͡
Ȼβٷֳʮˣ̿Ͳȥ
ٴʧʮ񣬽дҵʿӵ䡣
Ʋãҧʹ⣬һѪ
ߵĻУ
˻£ǺˣҪȡһģֻһﲻ壡
̼ⷬʣµĻҾĶ־ذܣʤ֮ض
ǰðһ̿ʱػ￪ڣһСֵĳȥҲȻۣͬһбĴ̿ӭȥ
ϽһѪƫȰֻҪнڣҾͲᵹ
ͷλ
ֻʣ²ʱǰڿԮӰ
ŻҴ죬롣
ƫ̴ӻȡ죬ҡԮԮ
ӪдŶ¥ϴŽǣһȺʦӪб
ϲ־Ϊڻʦпһڴ˵Ӱ
ͣ£Ҳͣ
ƫ
¿Ѫĭʣ佭Ϊڴˣܹأ
䱧ȭĳԮôôǱƫԣΧסǶ¹׼䡣
ܹأЦһЦָӪǰϹŵͷ­ǲǣ
γǺˣҵĽ²ն֮
߾гì䡣
ڳй֣䡣ùȻ֮һȥ
Ҵսһ
ʤΪ


586 ^^
Ը, Ҳȷʵ͵, ˵ֻǸ, ڴ˽Ķ̺, Ҳˡ
ܿ潪һì·, ֻѧòⲻ, ζŲáֱ, תϼٶƷ⽪䲻б̹һ£ǣһʬɽѪɱ˼˼, 󲱾ð亹
䲻
벻취Ҫôʤ
ǰӪѾ֡, Լֻв, վһʿ䡣ʤ, ʤøɴ, пܰʿѾ֣Ҫʤûôס
, ϳɡɶĽгìûаֳ, ìȽ, ȻռˣԶ˵ʹ˵, , ȭȻ̵
ƫͷܹ, , Ѿ㡣
˼ؿǱͭһһŷƣͷһΣ˫ϥһѾǹ
ΧȫǾкáп
۾ҾѾϹᣬź󽫾
ˡ
ˣҲˡ
׾˵¶࣬ö࣬١ΪԼëˣڿûĳɡ
ֻҲ˻ҵ硣
ͷ˵ҼˣȻ㴦áֻǸӣͲҪΪҵֵǡ
ìЦ˼𡣡
Ǹ֪ˡ
ĵһ֮ǰĽһǸӣֻû飬ʶǣǾǶˡ
վ
ҲûõǹǹֵҼһֱĽ뽫һܶһ档
Ҳ֣ˡհڽ£ҲҵĽѡֻһǴ֮ˡҲȥˡ
üһ壬˵Ǿֻίˡ
Ȼһ֣︿ٱЩҾҲѺӪȥ
Ӫʱ˵ཻܹʮ꣬Щ档
ʿӣһ־߰ͷؽ˺ᣬοӢꡣ
˴ӪҪԿͷˣһľֻа׸ߣȥֻţֱҲ¶죬紵ɹһֻһˮڸɵĶԡ
ôһһҹܾ֮࣬Ȼ֪ǰļ׿ڳܲˡ
ֻ֪⽪䵽ôŵʲôʱ
Уսѵ³ˣ
Ī³в֮
뵽Ҳⲻ˷
ܰϢͻط̨һ󹦣
³շһΣʱͼװӦҲѵô˴ͼƣ
Ӫڼء
СӵһμʱʲôûУˣֻһѵڻҰмɱɱԺĸ
˵ĳôһǻⵥǹƥȥշˡ
˴һܺûӮؾ͸߸˵Ա˼ţԺѰ𣬼ǵñصĴ
֪СǸʲôƢˣڶȥֱӴһӱΧ׽һظץˡ
ץѡ
һͶ£ױѧôˣȴ鳤ϴԺܴٱıˣ
ڶģͰͻȥ
ѡģɱˡ
ûô˵һ
ȻܳͿ϶ؼҰڼĸ׼ֻش磬ڼţŹ
Ҫ״߳ͷأҵͽ½˶硣
ֻڼ֡
ôܸԸأ
ӳ봳ٻؼȥھиҪշʲôӦģ
ңԸҲȵʹ˵ƴ󽫾ŵͶƴ󽫾£ڻֻǸСѣѾʮˣеҲһٶˣ
˵պҲƴ󽫾أ
⽫һߵģǲں˭ʲôϵֻͷء
ذǰΪ˱Ƽҵ˵һ飬Աʾץ²ĺҪ
俴ؾڿǰԼ֪׶ǰǲҲ飿
ͷɵòǸͷ˰ɣ
ظ˵ˣַܵģ󽫾ģһܵģôԶ϶Լط̨Ȼ߲һ·ܶȻҲǻԶ·ģȥˮ֪ҰߣǾ͵Ҫ
ʲô·ʡ
Щ̨Ƕţë³Ҳϰˣʲôң֮ʱĿһˣҲͲˣҲҪʱҪʶʶ
˵ҳӹѳǣѳûʲôĵطľղҡ˵óƹ
ΨһӡˡԺӹȵӡҲǣһҪһΣ˹Ӿͳúá
һ۾һ
˵󽫾ҪҵĹȥǸկӰɣ
ڰ֣Ȳæ
Լȥ˸Ǹơ¸߽һиõİ취
ʣԸԸȥկţ
˵ʲôȥ˸ͷˣ
ͷȥɣЩˡʹ򣬵Լˡ˵öˣҪ㡣
ֱ󽫾ô๦ͣҵ˰ɣЦͷȻˣٸˡˣɸҴˣҪ˻ҾͰԴժˣ
ص֪򲻹ŷ󽫾ľһ
õϢ󣬾ȥ̨ɢˡ
Ȼֻһ˵
һ˵̨󽫾ûأ·ϱ˸ˣ
һ˵󽫾뷴أûĴ˸ɱˣ
һ˵󽫾뷴ֻɱȻȻһֱԻ󽫾ΰȻƭǾ͸ˡ
˵֧ߣ̨¶ʱˡ
ģռµӺ͸ӹȻûܵҸȻһȥԼƨҪ˭˵ԵһԱǲ⣬ڶ͵ԵĴõǵİ
˵һʼֻ˺͵ײм䴫ڵõռµ֧ԮԾˡ
칫Ҳˣʰ׸磺Ȼȥˣ
׸˵ϸ³ߵģҲͶʮɡ
칫ЦŶʮ죬һ¶ȻѾ˻ѾˣʬδϢǴðģѵɱʱԱ߿ţ
׸統ϲҾ֪ǼٵģһǼٵģȻû´
칫᲻飬һѰϵһҹȥ
׸簤һӣסͷϥϼˣʣĪģǻɱˣôôͱ֪ˣ
칫Ͳںɱ𣿡
׸绹ûӦ˳򣬵һ˶ǲ˻ˣ
ȷʵˡ
Ե֪ϢϽͷȥ˾칫ˡ
ڹ˵Ҫ³ˡԺ칫һ̸û֪˵ʲô׸ʶʲ׷ʵö˵㣬Ծ˵ʲôֲ棬ҵԸ˵˵
׸类öҪɥˡڼֹԣҲˡȥüмŮӦ󻶣͸ŮԼУҪôμĻᣬҵĻǱ𴦵ģֻҪĻᣬȥ˲ء
֮Ҳȥˡ
Զڣ׸ˣˮ裬ֽݱʡ
˵ֻ£˾Ǵ⡣ѻҺռҶˣô룬ỳ칫ġ
칫˭
˵
ǽġ־ò̫ܡΪǵĲ²⣬˵Ʋ⣬Ӧǳ
˵ҿǷ̨ϵǸŮˡЦһãŮԺݶ
ɱ̫࣬ٳԶ˶ǽǣͲǣҲǣڳ˶־ôˣȴ´󼪣
Ȼһֱ鷳ͣ£ҪҲһˣ͸ˣ
칫Ȼƽʱٸʵ£ȨȻʵ׶󣬻ʵ۰ʥּҪɫ⣬ʥּͲ̨ܳʵ۳ܲȡ
ȨҪ˵ʵ۲ǲܵġ
ԣһܰ鷳ﶼɵζҪЦˡ
Ƿ̨µ˶Ʋ⡣ϾҲֳڷ̨һԺֵĹԣֱʣҲ˳¡
칫Цǳóģ𣿡
ԥ죬˵³ǾͲˡɴ̿ȥ̽
칫ΪûһУǹǷǣ˿ڳȫ³ˣҹгǷڸܡ˵ֻ̿ͣ³ܽȥܱ֡
߶̿͡콵ѽĸȻƾҪ죡


587 
Ǹϲ, ɱġ
칫֪, ʱһӦ, ֻԽԽҡ
õǰȻͻһѾˣǾһ˵ùȥ, Ǳ̿ͺɱ
칫˵ȥҰɣò׵ġ
˶ðһ亹
칫ɱˡ
칫ҲûȻͻ̫áһֲҪ˻ţδ鲻̫á
ȥ̽ʱµ˵̨³
ǡͻȻһڳߵ, Գ³, ڶСѾ֪ȥʱ, û֤, Ȼõó³, ֤ȷʵ³ͽ̨ġֻһôʱء
, 潪˵ûġŭò뿪̨㵽ȥ˶֪³ԼҵĹƨɲҲ
߼ͨҲȷʵ
칫ʹӰ׸е֪, ³ӡڽС
Ҳ˵ô, ³һԾŶ, ˵һ
ôðľ͸, ǵ֤³ʹô, Ҳˡ
칫ڳ߰, Ҳܼʱİ̸ֹһһжͳ
ͲǷ绪ïʱѧʶԨмǣǻ۹ˣ̸飬Ƹա
һֱڳߣֹȴǣΪڣ룬ĲѣѾø߹ٺ»ڷ̨Ҫ³ˡ
ЦеľܾˣԳΪ³ˣȻҪΪ³ҡ
ȳŭϾ˾ܾתһֻҲҪͣڹָϣƾһģԡ
ˡ
ֻǽ͸һһг裬ҲС
ֻ˲ǼߣԺ泯˼⡣
ǵǲʹ
ֵܡ岮ֶе̨ų䣬ԣ
էһǳʱ¡
ְ˸ᡣȻƼЩ˽̸˼ָ㳯壬ɽΡ
ԶУһɽƼҲһˣѾ˼ڽ̵ϵġˡ˳ؽеɽϽǧ
ɽûикģ˳ľ͹ּߵݳˡ
صƼңʥּǳ˼䡰廨ףβڼϢҲǧɽˡ
ɽһӣϲģͷףȻһ죡
˵һС׵ٻȰδȰסˡ
ȻɽϷ˳ġȻ̽Գģ˵ҪȻ̾ܰ쵽ΪͰ͵Ȼȥˡ
ΪȻ죬ģȻߵһСʱ̵ȡȻ
ȻжȻʹͣתͷɽҲӿˡ
ǳΪʲôͻȻˡ
֮ǰ벻ôƼʮпó˭ȴ쵽ġ
ûûѱ
ôÿأ
ȰͿʼƽϡ
˵³ˣ³ĲУҪǽҪأ
֪Ϊ˰ѽӭط̨ƫƫͲ⡣ǣ֤Ƚ˷̨Ժ󣬻ǻǻȥｪ
Ϊɱ³öˣԴԺʹͣƴǣֻϴҲһ
ﰵΣ뽪й˽飬ⰵзЦϵȻҪòϻۣ˫ժǹ̾λְС޲ŸɣժǹӲС
ź֮ԱгиӲ죬ú죬ǵ
һ٣˲Ÿ罺ᡣŮʤŮ
ϣˡ
¹Ȼв˵¹Ĵȡ
ԽһۿЦͷʾ⣬ȸߵ̸ˣԹԣ裬ʮС
Զı¡
ΪʽȻ
˻ţͷŻɣ˱ϾҲǻʵ۵Ĺ٣СҪˣ̨ػң񲻺ã³Զǧ֮⣬ҲδزӰ죬رһ˵֪˵³йأֵĶҪȥˣ³³վҪܿˣҪúÿǰ
һˣԣѵˣ칫Ը칫ǡ
˭֪˭칫ȻͻΪǼҹ֪
Ե̨˵Цˡ
˵ʲô
ҲЦղ̨˵ģҲ
װҲװһװ
Իصң칫˵ûзϡҲûгϡ
칫ȻͻǶҪԷֻ벻⽪ô˰ߵġ
ȻɱҲɱȻ˲˭ļƲߣضֻ֪
仰˵ɱĵص㡢ˣӦеܡ
ô֪ģ
Ҫ֪ˣǰźð
ֻȻ̫˵㲻Ȼл³纣纣ռҶסһˣռҽҩܵˡ
мϸռңһ㶼֡
칫ܲȻܴز
ľô
ûڣûĲȻͻﶼˣָΪĻףǻô칫̹ȻֻԾлҲ뿪̨ˡ̨ͻΪ˳һҶ֮ءҲɵĻõһС
ڽǰûаʤ㡣ȽĻص̨ʱ򣬳ֻܽ
һ³
ǰĵġ
칫Ȼûôġ
Ȥ
塣칫Цһʥּ
Եдʲô
˵мˣ빬ݡ
ӦǸı̬ȣϾ͸оˡ
Ϊ˼ҲûڣֱӾʹΧˡ
죬˴󿪳ţӭ
ȻԼҲױҲͷ㣬վڹǰӭ
̬
ȻƺĴĽ˳⣬Ҹ̸еˡһˣȫ˹ǡ
ع»·ʱЩǲǶɵˡ
ûᷴץסЩ˸̸
Գֳǿҡ
ɣʲôҵأ
Ĳ˵ҸΧǣҴ
һԣ
ҲǸΧһΧѡ
Ȼʵ۴͵ǿսˡԷ̨ĿǰƿôǳǸӴǡ֮⻻κһӵĶôѡ
ˣӦ칫ġ
˽⼸ҵ˴ȥ³𣬹ڿ죬Ȼʻ
ڳҾ
Щʳȥǵҩ
ˡ
Ӷ˼


588 ɱţ
ҵŮѾڹס˰ˡ
, ǹԼܵ, ܣؼҵģʹӦһؼңڣЧժǹ, Ҳ, , ū
ȻҲͼΪʵ۵ķ, պЯ, ֱϵġ
ȥݷ輧, СΪ䡣
վߣеԥ
Ůм䲢, òȻǲ׵ģѧʶҲȻԨ, ֻûԵĺö񣬸˭ܵѣǺûҲûر֪ĵˡ
һʼŮǾһϷ֣๦ȥ˽ЩŮˡ
зǳʺϹ͢һ, ֻʵ, ʵʵ۾ټŮ, Ůгദˡ
һ˵ҲһĿһ˼Ŀȥ, 鵥ˡ
ڵĿǳΪʵ۵ķ˲ó衣Ŀ֮, ӽŮĵˡ, ȲǽãҲǡ
ʱŮǰҲӰ졣
ͷ˵ͻȻӦǵĽҪҽǽȥҵб䣬ԲǻûжȰ͵̨ȥԸȥ
⻰ȥŮ϶ҡͷ˼֮ͳϿҵضԽģպڷ̨һա
ȻڽǰͶش
ԷãҾ֪¡ֻҲֻһߣ㻹ҪĽáһԼͽ̨ܲڷ̨ҪԼˡڣǲǸҶ֪
Ĭĵͷ
һǼ޸һͨӣǼ޸ʵۣ˵ֻһѡ񣬶˵ȴȫͬ
ԣʲôںܼ޸ʵۣǾңҲٳˡ
뿪Ĵݷýá֪˵ЩŮģ˵ڶ磬߽ǶӦˡ
Ҳûǵʱ䣬׼Ůȫװȥͳ˹ǡ
ӦǵĽΧŹǣֹǵ˽رˡ
Ϊ⹫ǣҲ۲ĺܡ칫ǰ³ץסΪʥּŮ빬ǶûҪ˹ǡ
˵Ҳ˵еգӦǿص⹫ˡ
³³̣³˸ˡ˻㼯󣬹ڲֹһСǣһ·ˡ
·ܴĲƸг˲Ƹ֮ĺô
ΰ⹫
Ҽҽ費ӪУȥǰݷ³
ջȥݷãЩ˵Ҫ˶ٺôĶӣѽʱտ˳ȥ
費˵αعأȻ裬ȴˡܲôࡣ
˵¸Ͻȥô棬˿һ״ùľǸˡ
費Ҳڿ£̾˿شӣΪҲûð취ѣЩͻȻ֮йôˡ
ǳԻ˶ӣҪô˼ˮֻһٶˣѾˡҽ˵ʱʳˮѶվͺˡȫֽϡ˵ˣվվѵ
費ڵƳȥûУ
ѣƳȥˡճʱΪأŵ˲ᡣͻȻһ£ǴҴҰ˸ŲӪȥҺֻһٶ
˵ĸӪ˶УһΪǹĶйء
費ҡͷǳľʳҲˣû¡Щ˿ֻáƽʱֻڳѵһѵһδҪġ
ֱ̾
ʱ˵ǰ󽫾
費˽һ߰˸˵ݷô󽫾ġȻ׷ͳ
ˣгޡ䱦ȵȡ
費յӣΪƾŹգҵȢӣɼҵ
ӦҲǸˡʱ̼ǵԼձʱֻǸ·ûУ˵С͡
ļûг檰澣Ҫϴ£ĶӸǴСٰҹ߶ӣǸӵһжҸģҲʱջȥȻӦǵĽҲΪҲӦı˺УŸ͵ӡ
ԣҪʱ̰Լ֮͡
費ںѶֱۣǻعѾˡ
ֻһ䱦һѳɽ֣˿κһǧĵŮӡ
ѾӦˡ
ֻǸӡ
ʵ᲻ƴЩû͵ģҲ֪Ϊʲôأ
һֻƽףһֻţͷţϻлţëܿ塣ıֻҶδأ
㿴пһصĽиӣ觡ʯ滹׹һ壬ϵ֥ɲݡ
費ڿе䱦ٿĸεεˣһҧͶˡ
ҲӦõġ˺±Ϊѣ񣬾͸ǵһ
ûʲôġ
Ȼ˵һƵģмƣܲ¡
費һ֪µıҲˡ
Լ䱦ˣҲŵ˺ȿھơ˵һֵǮ°ɡ
ǻɫģ費ƽʱһҲ
ɽʱ˵£˰ƾˣ˻һҹڶͷء
˰ûİ;ɸһţ˾ζŨζ㡣
Ʋ
ȥѰƵˣҪơ˵ֻʣˣ¾ҪʱûСͰȫ
ͺ꣬費ѾԹгٰϤˡ
ֹǣӪвССﵽгϣ߳ԶӪԲŵ³ʳߺȵСƣҪôϴ裬иͨͷ棬ú̺һҲʡˡ
гССӭҸҲϲǿԲϷ̯ӡ
ϷģҲжģһһ಩ʤߵߵǮơ
ˣĲϷǻ˽¿㣬¶壬رһʤ߿˵˵·Ӯȥ˵˾Ҫӻˡ
̼ϷǰûԸգʱ費ڲҲԼ͵͵档
һգˡ֮󲻷βӮ󣬰ӮɱˡϾֿȭ䣬ϵԺ󣬵ʤ
ڹǣһɱʬףȻ˱١
֮󣬲ʬȷʵɱ͹رճţȫǼס
͵͵ǵģûסɱһ֮ˣҲûӣȥϴˣʱץ˸ţͶΡ
Աź¾͵ݵ˽İϡ
öһ㣬ʶС飺ȥһǲпơ
СȥԺ󼴻أǡӹڿ
ΪѾǸӵ֮Ȼᱻúдͳǡô˸Ҷأ
˵ݣҴͷӣϲĳӣɳһΪ;ͻȻڹǣץˣıġ
СжϺԲ˻ô
ҼҸΧˣֱҼ˸ץˣһʲô

ѹȻΪǵ˲ҲΪҪʩ˼ƣʲôʱʣǿտҲ̣
Цϳȥˡ
ҪӮ
С˵ӦҪץߡ
С˵һŹСȥѰҼҽɡ
˵˵ġֻȫǱôȥػᱻǷֵġ
С˵ģȴȥϮһӪæ֮ʱٻӹ뿪
˵ˡ
ҴӪ
費ڼѾòɣȥѰһУһװѵʬ
費ڴŭ󱯣Ѱ˱𡣵ȥ
е·˵ӪҹϮ̻תսһ˻ҾŭιȡҶ
һǰҹϮĻҾɱ˸ɾץ˻С̣ȻûʳΪҪӣȴʳ˻ڹˡ
費ȥӦǱţתͷȥѰﱨˡ
⣬ӦǵõϢʱѾˣֻȥ׷
һߣҲ˼ڹ˵뻨һġ
һֱ³ܺãҲĺġ
ǲ˵Ǳ˲³˵ֹ³гأ
ҪǾûôˡ
칫ɡ
ǣ³أ
칫ǰ³ץ˰
ﻹ˵ȥǣ³Ӧɣϣ˺ȰһһŮӣ֪еն֮ػẦµġͻ֪ڹǣ絽ұӻ
Ҫһֱأ
ǾͲȥˡҲ칫Ļˣ費ˣԹ˲ϾҲûбİ취ˡ
˵칫ļƲ߲ԡȰһعΪʲôҪҵرǰȥأûе
ǰǰ˰˼Ⱑ


589 Թ
Ȼ̾ȥ費פĴӪӹµı, ҲΪ˲ǲ費˵
µıлΪˮܳġҪ˵⹫ǵĵؽаţԴҾԺ, ҪһЩˮӪ¼֢, һ־ҪŲӪȥȦʳˮܱ֤, ʱһڷ絲ûУֻҰ
Щò, ôһ, 
Բ󣬼ܲϣеľͻ͵͵ߡ
˺󣬷費ڴȫݡ, нʿ, Լѵʬסʣµȫġһ, ֪Ҫ, ˵˶, Ҳ˵ˡ
ȻߣЩһһ¼, պҪúõ費ڡ
֮ǰ, һȰ³ǻӦ, Ҫ³뻨ҵʲôϵ
ǴҪ³ס, źðڲϽ˹, ȴȱȥ³򣬶С顣
С³ϵģڷ̨Ҷ˺ŵġסһ̨꣬µҶһҲˣǸս̨ϱССˡֱҪ³ĻΪŭ
ѵ³˭ܼ
³ڴˣ͵³ڴˡһ֮ѵ˭ܼģʵҪҲҪ칫ҪҲҪԳ֮ӦĸУڷ̨κְʲô˵Ҫ³
һͨŭ󣬽ϡͿ˸˳ȥ
ãȻŭٳȥʶС飺㣬ô󵨣Ůʱʱǿɲ⸱ʱ³ϣôأ
СܲҪ˵ŮѵҽŮҹΪūΪ
Ѫ벻εǣ³˾Ȼ̬
³ֱ̫׳ˡҪҲôе˷ҲΪһٽöأ³˷ôȫأ
Ѳɣ³պͲңӦ
˸об䣬̻ȥš
ӦеϢ󣬷˵ͨˡһʱһʱʱ³칫ǺޣòӵԲҪڣ˵̨»ҺռҶˣƿɲǲһ
һ˲⣺ȻҺռҶˣȻ칫Ϊ𡣡³Ӧø²Ŷ԰
һ˽͵Ϊչһ𱻺ˣ칫Ųˡѹ˵˵칫µļƣΪľһγչ
ҵһתǷ̨Ŀǰ״
ɱ칫ģǳͻʵԸվһ³Ų칫Ҳˡ
Ϊͻʵץס칫ˡ
Ұ˵ڻʵ۵ģ칫ֻǱ͵͵ĽãߵһдԼûء
칫лʵۣǡȻҪʵ۵ҳġ
³ʱͲȥˡ
˵ȥ̨̽µϢǻʵۻǳлҡռҡңҪ
һ£ֵ³ͷɡ
Һã³ʲô˽֪Ȼǲеģ͵ȴʲô¡
ǡ
Сչ˵İҸˣ֮һֱ
ֱյ˿֮˼⡣
벻ͲˡҲ͹ܲµЩʲô
֪ʶС飬û˵ġ
С˵ʺ˻󽫾Щ֮οֻǲ֪󽫾᲻Ƕ¡
Цʹǻ󽫾͵ɡ
С飺£Ҹˡ
ȡһСϻӣȡһСӡݸС飺ӡдһлھ͸ҵݹȥ
СӹСӡ͸ˡ
ȥ֮ԽԽԡǰս˻һˡⷽСӡѲǽͻģ
˵Ҳǽ˻֮󣬹϶ЩЦء
ΪŮ֮飬룬ôŮ֮飿ΪԵʣ
ⷽͭӡлͷ
˶˳ȥ󣬽СӡڻȣϵϣСӡ˳ˡ֡
ʱСӡˣ
ǹļӡ
ǡģ
С鲻ҵʱ䣬ԴҴзǰдСģϸĦ֮дһƪл־䶼ǻĿǣȻ͵ҡ
ӱֻ̽ҵǰŴӹǻţлˡ
ȸлǻҵ·ˡЩƽʱ泯Ҫʱһлȥдšɻݴ͡ƣе˾֪׼͹ȥˡ
ллҪôʳȻ͸͸Ҷˡ㲻лѵͰдˣ
Ϊ˲ýǵлдǶᾡݵġ
ӿݵоһʹòֻΪ֮ǰ費ȥ㣬ѾѶȥһˣлƱҪһտ϶ܲˣƻˡ
˵ߡ
Ӧ빫Ȼȥ䣬ǵڰռ䲻ʲôܡǵȻ֪˹ǵֵ
ֵز˰ۣ̲˰ֻս׷ѣֻǴӹ·ڳ⽻׺ǣ׷Ѷʡ
˾ΪڹԽԽࡣ
صİҲΪŴӳڹéӡ
֮ǰ˵ǵľÿ궼Ҫµᣬİգȫǹǵˡ
ǾζţǶ³ˡ
ǻʵҲֱ³ˡοҵȽء
ǣΪ˲ȥūܣգҪڼҴԸ⵱³ˡ
ӦҲߵġ
׽ˣһˣѡھӡͬաͬ嶼ᱻá
Ҫô˱ͬ巢ֺȱ˸淢Ҫôϵˣһһӡ
ֲֹܲӦǣڸǶ
һ㣬ǿˣû·ϣ˷̨ЩҲҪ׷̨һʵ۸״һҪѻˣ
պʵ۵ĽٶԸô죿
Ҳܰġ
ֻ׼Ա⡣
һӦҲ׸
룬лҪݼ֮һֻ׼֮͵лᵽĵص㣬Ȼա
ֻ뱣Ӧǡ
ڵȻ˭ҵһʱҲ˭壡
ǡ
յ˻ĻʱҲ֪ѾˡڻҴ̵Ķˣ̲˵ģˡЩҲҵµ
ȻЩϧҲʼںʵ㣬ôƲѽǷųȥΪ¡
ֻЩ˱ĳǳܶ£еպҾвһ֣ͲЩߵı׷ˡ
СŻĿдлȻİҸƭˣдһƪݸʵ۵
СǳƽʣҪд
дﱻȻˣȻ㵽ӹȥˡ
Сдǧ֣Ѫ֮֮ᡣ
ôôһɹԹڶűĵɿߡ
ַ𣿡
ͨƪڿȻС۸ˣ۸úòҺòңٶɡʵۺͳߣҶŨ۸Ҳˣ
ǡǡ
С󽫾ڹʱдСĶ顣
ЦӯӯĿӡ͵̨ȥɣ


590 
̨ϡ
Ȼ˭ɱ˭, ˭˭
ĿǰûһۡΪ˶ˣʬ
ʱڳ˶Ҳһǻҵı, Ȼĵӣһվ˵һ˵ʱҲð
칫֪ǲմֻڰƶ죬ûг
æϷ֣ʵԲϰĿ¶󳼿
˶ڼװû·
ԴֻĻ޵̸ϼ䣬κζԡ
ֱһдƤϵѪȼ̨
Ѫǻױдģ滹ӡ
Ѫд൱ҵʷʼ
ôߵĵλҲǿǵѵġѪͷһ, κ, һμףѼսϵĻ˶дȥ
һһٶĿġ
ڶ, д׻ǧ
ǧȻòŵʱƵһĴ󽫾
ûһ̡ΪûϹս
ԣʱ֮, ûʲô, Ҳûüˡ
ڽβ˵ڸ, һֱ, Żʵ𻨼ңŻ, ¶ԸΪʵȥ, ɻʵеĽ, ʵɱ˭˭ǵĵˡ
һеġΪһӣ˭Ҳ˵Ҳʵģûе㲻Ҫ
ʶģдµģ˵ǻķ
ξ˵ʵθжģ죬裬شޣѸȣҹһ˼ʵ۱£һҪαʵ۱¶ΣǸͿضܱһ
žǳˡǴʵˣǡЩĳ˶ɵˡ֪壬Ҳ˱ֻҪ뵽Щ˹˻ʵۣŭڣ޲ʳ⣬Ƥ
ȻȻˡ˵ȻڻʵۼʱȻʵֺۣڣⶼ
޲ܰͷȫˣϵƤȫˣѪɣҲԸûʵ۱Ϊѡ
ʵлﰡлﰡҲȻ˵Ĵǻʵ۵Ĵ
ҪȻӭ˵Ȼġ
ȻȻ˵ʵɱ
ίһƬģҲԸŻʵɱʵ۶ɱˣɱùʵҪɱǾڵ꿳ͷɣǸһ³Ҳþˡ
֮ȻҪҺûģˡ
ӳô붼ԸŻʵۻȻɱضȻ˵ѣʵ
£Ҫ
ֻ֪ҪϲԸȥһҲԸ
治ϲʹ˴Ǳˡ
ֻȻСˣ¾˽ӦҡӹȾն񣡱£Ī
еʱȸӮ
Ȼ֮ǰڵʱȻʵ۵ֶȷʵеˡ
Ȼʵ۵ĻӦҲѸ٣ûվȻ۸
˵ʵۺͳǸɵŰƢ
ڻȻһˣѾðͷ֤ǻǸ
ڵֻ࣬л˵һȻð˵ڶȻֻŻˡ
ⱾǻʵۺͳȻĿǰʤѷ֣
̨ķӦܿ죬ʵѾȥӹѯʣ˵޵ĴȻңڵĻ޺ʹҶżƽµء
ͬʥּҲûӦҡ˵ҶȻȾʵ۵ȻҪѯʣ˭Ҳس
ʥּû칫ͬ⣬칫֪ʱʥּѾ֪ǫ̂ˡ
칫ҪҪ׷ʥּʹ߾ǳЩˣƺǿȻͻԽԽȥҳˡ
칫ҡͷʥּûʲô⡣
ǻʵ۸ġҲѡʥּġ
ԣʥּ³
˵ǡѾƵƴˣ֮ǰĸ׵Ժˡ
ǸĸмµģˣҲûʲô죬ֵܣȵúܡ
ñ뿴˶ʧ
칫˵£ǲǾȥĴּ
ԣǡ
칫šл
Ϣȥ˵һҲ˵һ
֪˭ϳ󣬼¾̷ףûһ鷳Ǹ൱ɫˡͷֻܷȥջûҾùл
ΣգֻҪһһҹܰȫˡ
ȫģҲûİ취ϵ³ȻҲûԱš
ң̾ͱ˴˽ȥּĩСڻʵߵģȻص㡣
ûκ裬ȵʱӵ㡣칫пˣŰȥ
칫һһʮѵʱ˵Ļѧһ顣
ѧ
ţ칫䣬ص˵һ»ﵱʱı顢
߳˼߻䣬Ҳ˵ˡ
칫ڻӪУôȥģ˭ȥģ˳ʲô˵ʲôӪʲôʲôİ裬ûбˣﴩʲô·ʲôЬȵϸڡ
ؾ濨ˣƴ䣬ʹȥ룬Դ𲻳ɡ
칫Цȥܼǵ˵̸Ǳ˲𣿡
׵ūū룬ܻѯʣµġ
칫Ŷҿ˼˰
˵ˡ
ȷʵˡʱǰӳ󣬻ص̨ûнȥһУֻȥһּͻˣּʲôӦʲô뷨᲻ıͳͳ⡣
ʥּҲ
칫ʣǺηļϸ󣺡ĳǼϸ
ðһϸ
ڣ˿̣ƺˡ
Ϊ칫ʣҲƴԺ˼˭ǹʡ
ϾһˡĵӾһС˵Ȼ뻨ҵȻš
Ǹ˵˭أӦңӹңС˵ңԵǷ⻨ٵˡ
ң̨֮ĳһеԷ̨ϵ²أ꣬һǺ칫ġȻʵ⣬칫ѳֳʮ꣬ͬʱҲѷ̨µĳǶѱ÷ˡ
Ŀǰûһǿ̨ܸа塣ңǰеӴģҲ칫ιˡ
ֻҪ칫ڣ̨µĳǶĿŵжģ칫ˣҲҪʤһʵ۵鷳
󵽵׻ǳһʱ벻ν֡
칫ҲûΪȻҲûзߵ˼˰ˣס¡Ǹղ칫ʵ£ʲôʱˣͿˡ
ߺԲʣѵǳ𣿡
칫ҡҡͷ˵ҵãеĵˡ
̻µǽˡ
칫ͷԺÿһ£Խ
ǽˣڷ̨ӦǽĵˡɼǰڱĴȣȥ󣬾һһ泯£££
ûȥڮٽ
ǣȫὪ³
վϣǽǳƲһ߿öԽô
ƹûƫʵƫˡ
ԻȻ򡣸žð亹
֪ģ
һ³ˣ˵Ϊž˻ʵۣĵúܣʮȥ̻ʵˡ
һպ³
ǽ ڵвףҲ⡣
ҲǽĵˣǾ˿־ˡ
Ŀ볯ԽԽԶȴ͸˳ĸ
ôˣôֻнĵܳأ
ǲ˵ĶԳ˽Զʤˣ
ʹԶߣԷ̨Ҳָƣ
ųһ񶼲ˡ
칫ЦҵãΪǽĵˣڳܳ衣
æʣΪΣ칫ЦˣķŮΪֻнߵͶóϷֻҪѶԽĵ̬֣ˡָָԵϥǣĹʵۣɻĹ
ǵʱǹȥġ
ԶˡڣóöԸǴУҲԵòӡֻнߵ˲һŮǰϥǣ͵ͷ
ʲݷܣէġô᲻ϲأ


591 
һһҹ, ڶȻڳǰ𽪼ˡ
ûֱԼ¿ܻΣգô˵ˣҲ⡣˵칫ͻȻѳߵĸйȥ᲻ʲôı᲻ʲô᲻ᡭ
һչ, ͺ뵽ıü, »ᱳ𣿡
ĸİΣ, ļ»칫ǰ˵ʲôĵҲ֪֪ٶ
ֻΪ, ڷֻ̨꣬̽˷̨ء䵽칫˵٣ᱣ
໬֮£ֻҲɲǴӦҪȽ, ȴû
ߣôǰȥ׽ã
ϰ˳硣൱ֱӣȫ֮
Եģɵв, ɱйܵ, 
Ҳô, ⻰, ʩʩȻתȥԸˡ
̨Ȼǳһйнб, 
ңɹǰߵ, , ˵⣺޹, ׽һȱְĴּ
Ȼٰӡ, ˣˣٰ͸Ӵ裬̸̸ϰ죬̸ƻˣ÷
ʲô·˵˵£ⲻһʣ̸ͷģģµġ
һߣҲѽ͵칫ǰ
칫˵Ѿǰˡ£㱻ȥ󣬻ʲôΣ
˵ĬԶԡԼ¶Ժû˵һ仰
ܻص̨Ťת⣬ɱ
˽֪⳯ôҲ˽˵ݴĳ˵ǻΪܳôΡζǴۿ۵ġҪߣҲΪѡ
ֻ⣬˲ܰģֻʣһֻԣǾֻܺúðҴҲ¹һͲúôˣҪʲôأ
칫һ仰͵óȥ
칫Ҹ߳³أ
󷴲ǽˣǽӣҡ
칫óţǽĵˣ
¶顪ģֻǰʱرֳ
˭
칫鿴ֻĻ㲻š
Լжϸʤڴ˿˵Ļ¡
³ˣɱ㣬κһ仰칫˵
רעڷԼĹˣ칫칫ҪСʲôֻҪΥ壬СӽԴӡ
칫Ҫҽĵ¡
󣺡СӲʶˡ
칫³
ҡͷʵǲʶĳҰݼ³
ԭġ

ƤǸԹƽһ·ģúܣӲûܿʲô
칫ֻСӲöԸ԰͵
£Žˡ
һ·һ仰û˵Ѿӽڳˣ׼ˡ
˿壬󣬲Ӻûҡ
ǰ￴˶˲ڽͣ
˵Һժǹÿһ˶ͬ߰꣬͸ȻվڲͬϣȻĵ׾
ˮ©ԣСҲպܼ³Ϊ¡
ҡͷҲΪҪ׻֮ǰҴӹǷŻҷǳмҲһȥ㲻ȥɶʾ⣬ұػ㡣
˵лӺ⡣ֻǳҶɽһҪصȥġ
Լʵڲڣֻİͽȥˡ
һ͸ɫԸǣŽǰƵϣмʿ丿˨ڳ
˵ϳٴ͵Եл߰ɡ
һֱŽ󣬼ڶ¿ڣôԹԱɵø̾湻Ӳġ
ȥ칫
칫˵Ӳƶ֮Ťתơˣȥٻ͵ȥ͵Ҹĵһݴ񡣡ЦǾأҪúлң
Ҳ̲סЦˣҲбˣԼȥǣٻϼҽϾҪȥֲôأ
һڣȴ׷ȥʱǰѾߵˡǵڹǰ
ǳϵĹٺܾȣԴ׷æ³ֵԹӿл˽£
һ֣ͽһ·Ľˡ
вҲ죬ǿϣͷˣЬܶˣڳŽţˣԿѪ
ҼҽҪӳʱ⡣
Ц˶Թʮģزϴӣǲع˼ɡ
ҼҽʹֱˣȰѽһ飬ȻŽŵϣԣžܡ
ǹ찡Ҫﵲš
ŵܶ䣬һ룬ôΪ˼¸Զ䲻ֵãֻǿϾԹӣȥ·λȥ£
Ҳ˵滰ʺ񣬱ز̹ˡٵֻԹԡ֪ԹҪ˸ʲôãҲһȥ
ԣ񡣡
ٵɫ΢䣬͸ˣЦһŮˡ
һֱŴ˹ٲȥţֱ˱˵ѾͳˣŴת
˹ٲҵʱ䣬ʱ춼ˣӲߵŴȥҵĳȥ˵ֻԹ
Ȼŭڵⲻңߵļ¡
;üѾͶңżҪϧǰߡ
̻صһʥּ
ʣдʲôŭ˼·´Ҫ׽ûд
칫ʥּʹЦ˵ٳ͸ǣ˽Ȼ£Ϊʥּиûдµ׷ʲôֻдһǻʵ۵ĴָּԻʵ۲ˣȷʵǴ
Ȼ͹Ÿ١ɱ١ٸµһס칫Ȼְһ꣬ǳʥּ˵Ҫü£Ҳյ˹Ҫ׽ô˴֮ˡ
ǡ
ǰǹˡʼðȥ̽̽·Ҳı¡ܲܽ˹ǣ
׾Ͳұ˴
ʼЦԺҪκˣô˵Сγ͵ѧˡȥȥ
ҲһκˣΪŵ³Եɺ֮ժǹ˽ˡΪ³̫ӽκꡣڽ빬֮ӹһ¡
ȰӴκӻͱ͸ʼ
ʼߺһֱʼӡ֪κ֮¡
µ㹫ȥɡ
ǣ밢һ˴ӣǶȥ
·ϣ¾밢˵ݡ³һ·ϣʼΪ˶ӣһ˵ѧо̬Ҫһһʶһһԡ
Ӱӣؤˣʿӡ
˰һֵܡ
Ϊ֣ǵܵܡ˵
ӵͷذС֮ҵˣ£ðǵļﶼʲôˣֵܽмһʣһ࣬©Ҫӽ͡
Ƚ֮󣬰ѾǳܸԼˡ
ųЦ˵ҴӺӹпֵΪ
¿ſһſĵǼӣСͯչܱʣд˶Ѿϰߵġȱ첲ûȵ³֡
ǰǸʵĳǽʹϢ˳


592 ܵܣ磡
ʵԹûʲôӡ, Ϊֻ, Ŀ벻, ֻǵڼʱ, ж, ж죬Լ˵ʲôǲסˡ
ǰ, Ǵӵ, ʱ룬ĸ, ĸһᱣġĸᱣֻṩûʧΪĸ׺ĸ׵ĸû˰ֻĸӵ³, ṩ˱ӻҪκ̫ӵ֡
κֻ̫³Űȫصκ, ֻᱻĸԺﲻա
³˼Ŀʼ˼Զ³ˡ
̽ʹûֱԲУֻǶ˵̫һǻλ, ʱѵܲκ
Ĳκµһֱѵ, ³Ҳһֱ֧Ǿ³ź, Զ³ͺ, Զκ
κҲ³
֪˵ȥֻ취
³֧
ֻǡãĸӦòᱻĻŵ
ԡĳй£˵ΪժǹǰСͯļĻûסûУס˱ݡ
˱רΪǰ󰮡׼ġ
ǰжС飬ȻδڹǵҪְ˵Ĺۡ
ù֪ǳںժǹʱǽΧȫǰ׵أûнֵӡ֮ȫǹã֮ˣǲǾסĵط
˱ݾôģ֮⻹оӪ͹⡣ָһժǹ࣬ٺָһС
һС鷢֮ΪժǹӦǸİ˺Ů׼ԤأȻûаˡȰժǹһȦĵضٰСȻ˼ˮĵأԤպҪ˺ӣԽŸǣֵܽӦסһ
ңȻнӣأС룬úǿסһ𣬹İ˻ǷֿסĺãϱߣȦ˿յأȻʾҪҪҲɸǸӣպˣҲиŵĵط
͵ͷŰ죬Ͼ׬ǮҲֿ࣬죬ժǹ͸ǵùסˣס
СǶסڹãΪҵͳ
ҲװûԱ󽫶ôģ治Լ°աôҲͦãֵǮǹ٣գжˣҲֵǮˣͺˡ
Ϊ˲ͶСԼ䡪ۡһʱЩģԱ⡣
ưһеλôǷܸˡ
ͶС鿴Ӧã˶Сͷһνӵ͵һľº졣
ͲˡΪЬӺӺͷΡһľһӾͿԴ̩֮Ȼˡ
ҲһЩɣСĳһ˰죬׸
ʲôǳ¹ӴɽģȻеһ㣬Ҳϣܽ׳ɳףԸ
һСкҲܺʡ
˳ʱʶС飺ǸŮôдݰ¶ˮģһͽΰ
죬Сˣ˱ݶһ¿˵Ļ⡣
ʲôͬʣͶС鱼ܣԼһܵúܿģУ߳ͷԺƮһֱߡ
СȰ΢Ц˵ǸԼʮ꣬ûһʵ
ҲСˣǵǰǸأô˻һϵأ
ϲ̫ΧˣһʼʶС飺ˣ
С龹ȻͣҲҶβС
ͼǵǶβˡ
èӣ̵Ľ׶Ρ
˵Ҫ˵ûѧؾܣһ쵽ʢܴ컹û浽ҹ
꣬ʵ꣬ĺӣѵǻ軳Ϊʲôأ
ûӣ֪Բԣӳѡһ굽ĺѡֳյĺӣ꣬ʵʱڵšĸɻʱȷʵᱳˣΪѾ󣬹ˣҲܣΪ֫ϸݣ̫֧ŵصӡ
ڵȥˣżվϼܵģһûС
յĺΪӪһͿˡ
Ǿ˵ǶԵģӪ㣬ô
ķģֿʼĹŮôˤſô죿
ôΪܵúܿ죬ܷ衣ԴµԼԺͲñˣԼ߾ܣڸܾߣ
Ϊֻ˵Ĵȣվŵģܻ߸ոܹȥһֻСĸо
Ȼͻ̾ôôܣ
Ҳǽĸ̾ôܣܵˤӻײϡײǽ֮ģôײȥ۰ӱͲߣٿĻأ
Ϊ˱ˣͻ룺Ͻˤһ֪ˣ
ûˤԼ
ֻ˰ѵϺƤëҲƤ
ܰɣˤҲû£̺ˡ
СرƭӣΪ˵˵ȥûһ滰ֲʲôۣļҵĺܳѧġ
ˣһرࡣ
ǵѾȥˡһ˽ĸһֱ˵ԼҪʺ󣬻ʺɣһֱûϻʺ³³ˡ
Ҵû֮ǰѾ˵ˡ
ȻҲˡ
³̵ĽŲѾ߱ǵĽŲøĲ³ժǹ
³ǺͰһʵеժǹŮܱǲԴƽ޷ҰҲҵӡ
ӵ׬Ǯʳգְܡ
е⴫Ůġʱһ൱ЧֶΣҹŮļƷʹô֮ػഺຢӣ٣޺˻ת⣡
ȵȡ
еġ
ܳʲôʲô⣬Ůժȷʵ³гŮժǱ³ժǹеĴΪ˽³ʷ֪³񻰴˵ʷΪŮժǣȻ³ô֡
ȫߵˡ
ôŮժǻժǹ
ֻ֪Ϊ³̵Եʣڷ̨֮ĴҲΪ³ܵѧΪʲôȥ³
һΪ³̫ԶûǸҵףҲôԶĵطȥ
ڶǵ̫ˡ³ӳڴ˵ؽһǣ³סȥ̨ʺ
³̫ԶһԶ³ɡ
Щ˾ˡ
˱ݾˡ
Сְ裬ҪһһӼж˵ֵֵӣɲڹǸأ
Ϊɴ˵ǵˡ
ҪӰ죬Ͳܹ̲Է⡣жС³ˣȻҲĴˡ
ңңҪʶĴˣҡ
СȻ˵ˣ÷ˡ
СȽϲˡΪͨг徢ԸðաγһСʹģȴǸָĴĵģʣµȫˡ
ɹ㣬ֻͻܶˡɲһҪҽԡ
һ·ʱֻҪߡ
ֻǼ˺Ͷ˶ˡ
ӣʵôҲˣһĥرеѾġ
һָۣŵȳԷٸô°ɡ
ӻ龢ͻˣ֣棬ʳܿһš
æԷȸкܵܣԽҰӣ磡



593 
ӳԹ, Ҳˡϴ, ʼҲˡٵκԭ˵һ˵, κó, Ѿǻƻˡ
ر˷ܣΪѾܾûڹôˣ
Ϊժǹر, סر١ƽʱֻнȻį, , һ
ձ衣
ѵý˽Сʱ򣬺Ҳô鷳, һ̲ͣİ¡ڵĺöˡ
ò˵ľǲһٷа֣Ҳʱϣͷˡ
Ӷܵúܿ, ºʼҲƽȻǶܿó˭ҲƲ⵽ô¡
˵ǣûһͼֱɡ
ʾǶˡǰʼȰ, ˵ԣӦ˵Ķԣ뷨вࡣƺѾǵߣʹǰ², Ҳڶȥˡ
ͺܺ
ϲҪȥ, ˱˭øʱ, ˹߽, ԰Ц˵̫ӣСҪȥͰҪҪͰ
ӣСС
Ӧ͹򵽽ǰˡʼһԷЦȽҲЦðʼŵɵϡ
Ӳ˼˵
κ̯ʰӣκʲôĻ𣿡
ҡͷ˽Т˳֮⣬Ķû˵
Ҳûʲôرݣһƪʵ谮£Իʵ۵İ뾴ηʵԶκ⡣
Ź飬ʣʣΪʲôڴʱκ̫
ӽŵؿһʼ
³ʼÿ߹һǣᾡһۣ½˳ǣҲڳѰذ̸ͨˡжϴ˵صǸԣƶϿǿ͡
߹ĳǳԽ࣬ӵĸоԽ̡еĳУ˺ʳģֻˣȴܴӳ
ǳİգһһжٸжˣһһˣкӣȫ嶼ᱻץ
ӵʱǣͻȻô죿
˵ҲᣬҪȴǿ֮أеĴ˵˷ˣǷ˵ʬףӲǰһ˶ץء
еĳɶҾͰѳİȫץˡ
˵ץȥˡ
ٴҲóʮֶҲֹһΰκóһһ䶼ᱳˣκķ֮Աƺƺʵۿ⴦κκκκڴˡ
ģֻܸϲκ̫ӡ
£µڳбԼߡ
֪˵ߵȻԡѧ༼գӳȥҲܻµȥֻǣ£û˰յ֮ߺ󣬴дׯм壬ؿԸֵİգǲҲ˵ץ߾ȫһ
ѵΪܱЩոˣҵһԸĵطٲѻƽ
֪ⲻܡ
˵֪ܣ͸øı뷨ҪֻӱܣҪһ룬ôܻȥ
˵ģڵġ
ʼһ۰ӣ˵˵
ЦſӣлҪ˵𣿡ƽصͷĵ֯һԣ˵֮κΪʣȡű¡κ̨֪֮£ȡŽ͵̨ϡκκ硣ҹڷ̨ԮҲֻκڲ䵱ͷ̨Ƶӡ
һκͷ̨¸ǣߡ
ò˵κһ̫ӣȴõ˺ͽµĽò˵˹ˡ
ЦţκݸˣͶԱߵĻУͽ󣬻еĻ͵ôܸߣڻбžľ죡
ӵ۾ɳˣסĿڣĥԼһ·Ķܾ˵Ķôˣ
ؿŻ磡
ߴЦ
ЦСȥСŶ䣬棬˵Ĳͣء
һƣƷ̬ɡ±ĿͣƺҲⱬ
Ҳⱬöء
⣬궬ĵһѩˡ
ڶ죬öСһκ顣
Сʱе㶶֮⣬ڰǰʱѾǳƽˡ
ðİѾϴȥϵණͷҲúõˣüëͷһʱû
С鲻֪˭һҪ̱īӣʱʣֻʹҪôдκ顣
Ƭ̣˵˵κ飬´֡ɡ
С飺
Ȼסˡ
дȷʵǲ̫ддģ¡֣꣬ԡ³ϵĹ𣿡
¡ʵǸرȤĻʵۣĳǳ֮˷ǳã
Ϊ¡
һ£ʵӭ˻ʺ֮󣬹еһ˶˵ڹаˣտʵ۷飬뵽İˣѹԼεӰֻ̫ˣ
ϣʵܷؼҼ޸İˡ
ʵͬˣ
ʵ۶˵꣬ĽһҪ޽һԼС檸ˣ
˼޸İˡ
ǸùİҲȢˡΪҪӭȢʵ۵ķˣòͻؼȥ
˼޸˺鲻̫ãλعߣʵ۶д˽á
һ»˵¡ʵ۵ƢԸĻһ¡
һɱ׵ˣն߱Ǵ棬֮ڱնǰдһƪ¸ʵۣ˵뵽ϾҪˣܻˣĲƸû꣬ӻۣС檻ܽޣƻûȹ⻹ûԹʵ᲻
ϣʵˡĴؼңҪģβԺնأʵôҲ
ֹƨͨ³ɹ͵˻ʵǰڻʵۿ֮ǰпƪµ˶ΪʵۻƪµķҲİ
ʵ۶˵ԴǿУģʵҲͬаҲôҪˣҲỳûǮлûгҹĽˡ
ǾȲɱɡ֮ʱն
ڴ󳼣
˾ôɹؼұС檻Ǯȥˡֱʮһ󣬴ˣű˴ӹײϳ͵̳նˡ˵նʱ̳ΧΧ۵ǰδеĶֱ࣬Сֳϣҵ죬ǳڰ˸նˡ
֮ΧҲˣʵ۵Ķ֮С඼ӦвӦģӮŶǸʵ۵ķӲҪŵǰˣ֮ҲʵƴȢˣ˵Լʮమʵȴ˵ȺȻǷǰֻܶԲˡ
ͳʵҪǮҪ¡
ǹвؾأ˵֮ǰ¡ʵ볯ҪǮҪҪˡ
һǻʵ۳ʹģϾ߻ʵԶʵҲǲǻôѱԾʱҪҪףǻµ˰Ҫ췴ҡ
еĻʵ۶֪һֶΡҪΣҪʲôʲôʱҪⶼɻʵԼӡ
¡ʵ¡ʱøҪ㶫ˣͳˡ
ʥּǰ֪ôģǰһ֪˻ʵ۵ͼ֮ʵҪˡ
ɾҲǱµĳӰȻԶһҲǶԲԣΪ̫Զ˾ǶԲԣֶαǮ
¡ʵ۾ʹӦˣȻ󳯽ࡢκҪǮҪҪ͸֣³ԡ
˵¡ʵ۵ɵǾٽʵڰϻΪˣС˳𣬻鷳˼ʮֱ֮꣬ٴźת
¡ʵԼûʲôӰ졣
һֱڶʷ飬һӾҵ˿öСĵط
Сǲô죬Һãʱ³е׵ġߵʱȫ³鸴̰棬Сһ󣬶С֪ôдˡ
ָһ̬ȣ֮ǳŷܻʵ۵Ƥʡ
д÷ǳ˳д꣬ȡκӡĸ̰棬ڻһ˹󣬸ڹϣ˳ӡ
˼˭͹ȥʵʱ򣬳һ˵Ҹˡ
棬öСȥӴһ¡
Ժ󣬶Сͽһˡ
ڵϣϼգǱ
֪ǲǵ
ſڵϷ·˷ȥһϳ󣿿컽ҽ
ҽһ˵ûˣЩĥ
ŭȥ׷ЩѾߵˣǵˣ·ˣǿ˫߻ȥ
ڽǰ˶
˯һл¶Ե˵ЦΪ㻹Թأһֱûȥ㡣ôץˣ
Ҫڣ˵ļˡˣĶԵȡˣ˯ɣ£ۣ˾Ұɡ
Ա۾һ˵ĽŲܽܵ߱ס˭
˵С磬С˯ˣɡȥܣ


594 ²׷
Ϣһ, ڶʱ, ¾, ߰ɣȥһκ̫ӡ
һ֮, ҲûĴէһκ̫ӣʮֲ⡣
κ̫ڴ˴
֪κ̫ĸʡ
˼Ƭ̣ѵĪǼ޵κĽǸ
°ǰ˵Ƚڹǰʱ, ѾԽ˵ʺˡ
̫ӣ̫ˡ
лӻӦʣ˵ˣ
ҡͷұ³ˡȻ¸˵Ĺ¡
ĹҲʮۡ˵ԭ³, ɹ, ׷ԹƽΪ, ſΪá
˵ǽ꣬, ĸ׵ֶŮ, Ӧıˡ
ڷ̨𣿡̲סʡ
κûʲô, ȴĸ塣ڵİȣΪĸǰ͵³, ͸ĸȻҲôϲŲʵĽ, ȴԽһ֮ͬ顣
ҡͷ, ˽Ѿһ, »ûм
̾˿Ͱ¶ˡ
ѱοҲȥȡʵ۵ĳ谮ֻվĸߡĸҲû˵ͲʺˣӦûǻᵱİɣһ죬ﲻýæֻܴ
¿󼸺̾͵õ˰ӵΣ̾⼸ˡ˵һߣͿ̽ڷ̨£Ҳ֪޲ԡ
˶µ˰ӵĴ㣬ŬûһȥǲȥⱾκġ
κȳɣʹߵѡˡ
˵º󣬾ԾԾԡΪԼѡ֮һʵˣͺվһأýĸ͵Ϊ
һֻӱܵ˰
ڰºٸĸ̹Ȼβ³κ¡
޷ǾǸڵ³֣֮һ֣ȴ³ӹɡպκ³κǵڶ֣
κ᲻ʲôΣκ˻᲻᲻ΪκʷĻⶼ޹ء
ǰκˣκ̫ӡκӻӻĸ
Ȼûж飬ֺαع˼أ
֪ԡΪӲТΪǾô֪ǰκ͸³Ҳûϵ
ΪҪͣҪ³ӻ³һݴ
ʱ򣬰ӵӿһԵĿϲ֮顣
ȥΪκκϸ
κ֪ˣһں޽ӣ֮ǣûһɱ
κҲɣκİ֪ˣһҲɣ
ȴҲʧʣ
ַʽκʷϣػɣ
ŽͰһ̸ʼʲô⺢һһĴƻ񿼸һܶԸĸ˵ȥڶϴʮ˸һ
һһļƻ
ʼЦС˵ݳϸ
˸طΪ˱;н´ȥ档
ڡϲɡС˶ˣϲðˡ
нţ̾Ըȥ湻Ϸˡ
𽪵СʱˣҲëľ׼Ϸüءľģľлᷢεģ׼һӣжߵģڵаСС࣬ͭ򣬻ԽСλԽߣ÷Խߡ
ȵȡ
ôϷǺ׾ˡ
費ΪôϷ
Ȼĺ
ֻİ취ѡϲˡȫòڵġÿǩѡĸʣµĶҪ裬ɻ档
ȷʵһȤѾ׵ЩƯСһξͰ𴲵ϲ˲˹Ȱϲ
Ǹһ߷Цһ߹ԹԶȥʣµ˾򽪼ˣֻŮһϷִӹǸȥҳ
Ǵôޡ
ȻֹĿС
һСʱܻᾭమɱĽ׶Ρ𽪵СʱĿɶӣȻ˻ˡ͸һСӶôֱӵĸ鷳ǻûо
ԣʼ˵³κʱȻûж
ôѰЦʼ
ʼѰӹŽֹȥġҲΪʼͳʿ֮£ӻһееܻ࣬е֪ͨˡ
ȻǸӡ
ٻһʷϣһȺͳʿıɲء
ɼＫط
ʼҡͷ̾κǼ꣬ܿˡ
³ʱκûôԹ³Ҳֻʶľ
κ˼꣬ٻʱȫͬˡ
ʼãӵʱκʱδؾͶκûڴʱ϶ϣκܽϧϣκܹԸûʵ֡
κԽԽɱκҲûнκ̫ӡ
̫ˣҲ̫ˡ֪κκ˶Ϣ̫֮ܵӣܻΪ³վԵʡ
˳֮£κȴκǣ³ˣȴĸԸΪ³ı
վ³ϣκ̫ûվκ˵ϣλһǻ
ʼͷʹһֿϷָ̬ʼ˵Ӿͽˡһ˾ӣԲƫаˡҪ취̻
ʼʹЦҲ޿κΣԼ֪ôѵʱĽʽ⣿
˼׼緹ʱ֣µ򽪼ȥκ顣
ʣ֪дʲô𣿡
ӵͷ֪
ɱ㸸дĻҪء㸸һȥڷ̨ʣһȥ̾ͻᱻ˰µȥˡ
ͷ֪ĸȥͰɣȥʣκ̫ӣһŵģ
Цúӣôǰʼ̳ģ
ӹšԽǴ˿̣ԽҪֵóȣ
»һȥ졣
ӣ
Ѿͳȥˡ
ӣ˭˭ãȻɨˣڣڡͬе˶ڰ
ǰϤ̨ȥʡΪʲô˻κ飬˵㹻İ취˵š
ʱҪôţ˵Ҿ˵ҷκ顣Ҳ²⣬Ұκʹˡ
ЦȥԼˡ
˵СͰǳ𡣡Ǽһ𳤴󣬱˴˶Ϥòǰ˸ʵ۵ģռССĹ⣬Եñͨ˺ÿЩ
ʱСЩ֮Ҳż̸ߵ͡ĳȲϽǣûн񡢽Ǹߴʱʱľͻһ
¼ǵãÿضıˡ
߽ڽӵءڱϣҲϣ£ȥûãȫˣӣʱио
ǻһֱŵɧζϼ죬ԡ
Ϊһֱŵζð˯ҵ˶һ飬˵ˡ
⣺ûи߰ǡ
΢ЦСʱͦ˵ġ
Ц죬һЦڼһǣһ£һı鰡
е³ˡ


595 ߶
һ²µκ, вͣĻŸº͹һʱ, , С
˵Ϣ죬⹫ҲвҪȥ, ˴ǲ˷ѵģαؼŻȥأ
뾡æ﹫°ŲΪ𣿴һūڣڲŻмֵ壡
ص̨ȥ
˵ҲȥҸһȥ˵, ϵҡҲҸκ̫ӱ¡
ҡͷסû˻Ұκ̫ӡ˵
˵㲻ҪһȥȻȥȻ취ͨ˽̨˵Ļ໥ӡ֤, ȡˡ
˵ȻǶ, ҲǡôҸκϹϵ𣿡
ڳǰ, ʹ飺Ҳˣ
˵յʱ, Ҷܿ, 칫һֱ֪³κ¡
, ɵʣΪ㰡
˵֪֮, κΪ, κҸ, ֪ʵһ
˵, ףռλʱҵκҲ׷ֻ
κС̫ӣȴи£³ժǹǰС̫ӻصκܵκŰòص³һֱ³չš
£治֪ǰҲûĹҲġСһ̫ﳤ󣬸ʲôϵΪʲôҪ⣿
˵ֻţȤˡ
³κ̫ӣκȢĹϵ
Ȼ󣬽ԳԼʱ鿴˵鷿Ȿκ顣
صǣκΪʲôңڷ̨أ
ǽˣΪµĴּȥһʵġȲ飬Ȼȥ칫ѯʡ
ȻҾ
϶Ⱑ
Եӳ֮󣬾Źˡ
֮ǰҲûǣǱҲʹء
ôһι£Ȥȥһκдʲôˡ
ڽ󣬵ȻȥڿɲʲôּǸ֮ˡ
飬Ȼκô
ֱֲӾܾûʶҲ֪ڵĻʵ۹ܲٸ򵥵ӣʵۣʵһҪģʵ۲Զ˵ʵ۵ˡ
ʵһѱҪҪǮҪϷ̨ˣͺˡ
κĹϳѱҪôأ

ѾҴˡ
ûȥ̣Ѿˡڻʮϻʱ֪Լˡ
̫СˣͲøκ˾Ȩ
Ȼ½ˣһҪͷеʿһһ
Ƽңˡ
ʱֳ̬ȣҲš
ǻﻹ֪ǻҴڣҶ֡
ʱˣͷһҪľ
ʶˡκ顱ȥĿƬ̣ôģ춼泯ôû
˭дݸأ
˵ֻǴҷֵġֻ氡ΪҪأ
˵ֻѰдӦκԲɡ
ʱˡ
칫û֮⣬Ļʥּ࣬ʥּáʥּҪͳȥҪ칫ˣ칫ҪʲôŻʵۺ׾ٵġ
칫ѾӦκĹ飬˺ǮǾͿԽΪʲôûеΪ칫ûʻʵۺˡ
־ŭΪʲôô
ͷ⡣
˵˵˸á
Ѿʼ˼ǲ칫õ֧ˣ
ΪʲôҪõǵ֧֣
Ѿڷ̨ȨƵһˡҪʲô
̿־֮£ѵõģȥ˻ʵۡ
ʵڽʤ£ǵһЦİеĵĸţĸĸ
ʤסʵۡ
ԶӲʵۡСʱɵԽԽԶˡ
ʵˡ
ʤһȰʵۣ£ú£ĸ׾ͻˡ
ʵ۾ͼѵãСʱѧôŤŤţַֻϥϣŤŤģųЦ
˻ʵһŤͷˡ
Ѿ벻ʵܳʲôˣʵͻʵܵĺӣһҲʵܣֳִΪʲô᳤أ
ʵۣ
ȥټддеõְˡ
һ񣺿칫
칫Ϳ๦ߣ칫֧칫ߵѡ
֮ҪŻĿ칫
칫Ϊ۲ˡ
칫Դɽ
칫ĳӣʵѵ𣿲ϧ𣿲
ȻۡϧΡΪʲô칫úõĻȥأ
ףþĿ⿴ų
Ů˱ҪĶడһΪúüˣ
дһƪΪ˵ġ̹дûŽأ¡
ΪϿڣܿΪ˴
·һҹ֮䣬̨µ˶칫Ѿʮˣˣ
칫ʱѾˡ
ԼĴĺڴʱ˵ذ˵æȻԼĵӺܿ췢ִǲõģġԵʵԶԷ
˵칫Ϲʮ꣬ϾҪˡѵʵ۶ҳô𣿿˼Ҷˣ˺üˣҲ˼һȥϢϢ˼Ҹɻʵ̫ͨˣ
ԻǽĸĹ
һ󣬵֪ǳ³̸һȥ˻ʵۣˣ㣬˵һá
칫ͽȥڼ鱻οסֻڵд£ܳţ¡칫Ŀ˼룬·һųȥˡ
Ҳǽĵֱʡɽ£˺Ļᡣ
Ҳ˵֮к֡
ɵĿǰΪֹֻƣûкðֻµ磬е̨ˡ
̨ϡ
ҵ˽
Ȼ⼸ձ˿ܣóԺ˯֮£Ҳˡ
˵㡣
ڳĵ˸׾١
ǲ߿ص˺͹Ůڽǰ˵κġ
˵ֻЦ
ü㵽ǺˣǽˡӣҸֶ
κȻݺκҲˡ
֣Ѿңˡ
ԣ
ǡ³
Цеģ¡
ȻʧЦۣжϣǹˣпǹľˣһġ
Ҳ˵ơ
һҾԽǸֱǸָΪ˵ʥּ鳯ģҲֱӵ˵ҾųѣڼȻˣҾͶϸɡ
Ҳܴ󷽵˵ҪҶǺͬ
߻ЦһЦȥ
δɣҵҪ湫ǰָų˵
Ҳͷǰĳһ̷Ϊǡ
˶ųһģ·ǰӾȥˣȻ;湫϶
ʣ칫δأ
ǾȥһȻǰ²𣿼Ȼ˵ûϣܼɣǾͽɡ
Цһأ
ǲǻҪһϻȻĹ˾𣿡
һԣϲòСǰ϶ˣǾǫ̂䣬ȥһȻ
ܰһٶߵĹ˾ǲɢӣ
ΪǳֻҪʥּȥ
ϣȡ


596 ˶Դ˵ͷ
칫̨ʱ;ò̫ԡΪԾȻӭӡ
̨ٻ, ûӭһӭϳ
ĵļûҡ
λȻ, ߽ģǾˡ
칫
ǰӭĵû³Ǽ, ǳ֮Ͷµաայ, ٸֶէһҲһȺˡ
ڹǰ칫ĳҾ
Ϊһ, ְߵǰ칫, ɳ˳, Ϳࡣ
˭·
ǰп, ѵܿס칫뿴ǽںʲôҩ
ڳ㹰֣л
Ȼкҳ, ȥɡ
ҳ򣺡ϣһ, ˡ
·, ƽֿ㣬ǽש̵, ö
֪Լ⣬͸ϵÿЩ
칫, úܡ
񾭵˾ˣҪ׷һҪ칫, ֹܻæ, ͷڲ, ϲк, ·Ҳ߰ġ
һ½Ьں׷ţӹſ׷ͷ
ɲǰͷںͷ
ȳͣ£칫ڳһţǸˡôиЬ
칫³תͷһʮһܵǱ˳ˡ˶ͷĹڣҲѾɢһһֻЬһһյĸں棬Ӧܵˡ
칫վţʮϣܽˣվˣˣȵڹֹɣɺͳ
͡ݡλţǴͷ⻰Ҳ˵ڵأߵͷĸˡ
ǰһȺˣ칫ɣ
Ȼתˡ
ǲţ칫ףȥˡ
¿ô죿
һġɲǡ
룬һҧͷˣЬˣ·Ҳˡ
һæ񾭣ʲô
񾭵Ȼá
˻Ȼһ߰˸ҲôܻóȥҲѹʣµĵ᲻Ƥںͷǰ˶ˣ͵Ҳ˰ɡ
񾭱Ϊ칫ȥþͳˣǹڣ˹ǳʱ칫û
˶߶µش·ˣ칫ô
ѵüЩ˳ܺõشǣ칫Ӻˡ
񾭣磡
˸ͨ硣
칫ľһŭĳ
ͽƵ·ǿߣɳ޲޵ҲֻŭҲǿ˵ùȥ
ŭЩôˡʵ۲ϳأ
칫˵ʵ۵
칫΢Ц뿴ôݣͲ˵Ҳ̬
ҲӲҪȥ̬ҪʲôǱˡ
칫Ȼû̱ʾ˵Ķԣ¶Һüˣ뷢ˡ
ϽǰӰݡ
˵칫϶˼칫¼λѾʮˣãһμѻˡ
ǶСŵģ
칫Ͳתͷ³
֪ǽڸ
칫ûǻ˵ԻҲ˳
˵°칫칫Ҳһڴڱ¡
칫΢Ц
칫Ҳ롣칫΢Ц
칫֮Ǳ֮ǡ
칫ˡðѻȻ¶Ը
תͷԳ˵һ£ҪȻˣ֤ʵǻ
һ˵ﹼң£زģٽ׽ãĻҾ͵ؽɢ
ʱ
˵̫ˣ
һϢ̫ˣ
칫Ȼ״ʳԭҴ
Ҳûô̷ֲԣŭ칫ƭ𣿡
칫ǲ˵˵ǻأȻš˵޽ޱҪҴɢ𣿡
칫ڿһ£Ҳѧ˱죬ֻ÷ߺ޵Ŀ칫
ֵ칫˵Իͳװưˡ
칫˵պƼ𣿹γƼң
޹ģȴͻȻָо
칫ڸ˵
ʹ˻ңƼҡ̨ޱ޽ȥ֮ء
ƼģǳµһȮ⹷ѵᷴ𣿡
칫΢΢ͷ
ԭĵĴǣƼҷ
ҲԣƼ̨ռŵңƼҹҲ֪ʵۡ˵Ƽ˲֮ģһ㶼档
칫ʣѵΪ£ûһҳԸΪ¾𣿡
̨ϵıˣɲֹֻз̨бǱǸСһѵ³ֱܳˣ
ճ־õսǺεȵĥݲУ
Ǵ⣬ˡܹͬ
ǵͳ
칫ǵΪֹʥּһ˿ЦʥּϷ˵˽ĵԼϵѪ
ʥּ֤ʵ˽Ǵ
칫Ĭϸ˼Ŀܣȥ·Ȼ֮գδؾûгɹĻᡣ
ġ
ҪǸˣʥּͲܳġ˿ΪŮˣŻʥּ
ûٶ˵ô뿪ˣ˴Ӻߡ
칫ߺ󣬳ƺһ㲻ţ칫ȻǴӦΪΣЦΪչͻ󽫾ڻˣҲˡ
һȨһرǰǻ󣬲ȨǱֻʱȷ£Ҫȴ˾һ˭˭˭Ǽ˭Ƕ񣬵˭˭
ˣˡ
Ȼѵܼٳֳ֮𣿲˵칫᲻֣ߵͻˡ
ȻҪ칫Ȩƣǲǵƣ
칫ȾȲǣҲǡһ죬Ҫˡ
˶߶֪ʲôʱͣñںġ

칫һʱҲҲõѡѳѹȥ
ֻáͷ
Գͷȡʱĺƽȶơ
̨⼸ڶѾвˡ
ЦŹسϲ칫һˡ
ϲʤ棿ֻ칫ڡ
Ц֮ˣ˯£粻֪ܲءֺοɳأȻ칫֪ҪԸҺƼңβأ
ͷǾʹȶȻͻɣ


597 
칫ǰŽţų˾ˡ
ǰҪлʵ۵ĿڣôӣԾ칫ѾˣֱӷԸȻͻߵ˸ϽҪ̨һֱΪ˶ݣ
ܳƷΣޣ仰˵Ķԡ
ۼֹ̨£Ƕ׷״
һ˵ﷴˣʮӳȥɽͷݵسˡǰȰչˡ
һ˵ȻȺ˻ȻҪﱻΣҹӳȥỨҼʮˣպȻɱȻѪޣ
Ϊͨ㣬ӷ̨ȥϢϱأ·ϾҪһµʱ䣬ϢҲúܡ
ΨΣʲôڱڲݣжϱǶһ֪˻ڷȻ֪ϢһеԴǳȻ
Уʵ칫֡
ʵ۵ġֻǶʵ쳯Ȼðȥ˻ɽ·Ҳԡȥˡ
칫һ׮¡
칫궼ŵˣ꣬ƽ˼ҵˣ¶ˡ
ҲΪ칫Ѿˡ
칫ûôȻQȻû£϶Ѿˡ
ǰ̽ˡ˵칫òɷɽҲҩǰ
˼̣˶˳ȥ
Ҳ칫ſ˿úûŰ
칫ӵ»ȥˣг
˵Ѿĳĳĳҵˣ칫ȥ޺ŲѣТ칫ɥˡ
üҪὣɱˡ
칫ȴ̹Ȼʲô˵е˵ˣΪּȰһɥ£ƭƭظĹٶء
ŭڣҡҡҪ˽ģ
칫ȥĻµǶˡ
Ҳû취Ȳվڽϸÿһ˱ҥֻҥԱ鲼С
칫ԣʼڽϸϾ³ˡһʱ̸³ɫ䣬˲Ϲ칫ǻˡ
칫ˣҲûٶֱд˵ԳѾ£Ȼ˻ңѾˡ
ȫʬ
˵ʬҰʬױ޻ȥȥѰֻһЩΣѪ߰ߡ
ӵзȽȻĹ٣ȥȡعñ˵Ȼٽ״һһ壬ٰıдȻˡ
ȻͿ׷ͻӢˡλǲܸģֻʹͷͷѡһ顰ءȥɥ£˵ûһ֧ҲҪطˡ
ǰٶˣ¾͸ˡ
Ҷ
ȻȻ˲ڴˣȫӿǰͷ̨ǰһ칫һ߿޻ʵۡ
Щ˶ȻѣȻûܸȻһǣ㲻ţǸȻǸҶĹϵȻǸǴǾȻ֦ͷҶӡʧȥϵҶֻƮ䵽ˡ
ǶȻȥ
οȻ˻ûҵأ˵ľİһ˵ǻﺦأһ˵칫أ
һߣҲϻѾˡ
ڸյ֪Ѷʱˣرǻļֵܣ绨򷼾ͺܸˣ̵ǰ˵Ը滨ʵЧ
Źʹһּ⣺Ҫҽɢ
ˣ޽ͷôһֱͣͣžҪķݣ׻ǮҲˣȻˣ֮ǰĶǡʤ̡Ȼʵ۾Ͳ׷ˡҲüþգҪϹˡ
һԭʵ˼
ɽɢӲһջñҪõģҪ˸ϻؼˣ
ܴʮǮ
ɻʵȻˣϾͻʱѾǮˣҿûҪ
УбоǮÿֻܴӻʵ׬ǮȻƾʲôܻô
ϣܸ
Ҳ
ǣҿʼ˵ﲻǻģ˻š
գҾѰһˣ˵ĳĳؼʱȻأ߻Ĳһȥģ˵Ҫȥңҵ˻ʬףûҵǰǶϻˡ
Ҽ꣬Ͳ˵ˡ
϶ˣˣǻţҲˡ
ҲϽɢҲɲǡ
칫ߡκ󣬾Ͱ⣬ǿӲıƻҳ롣ǰŰѻˣдһƪοӢºɢȥȥҰѻѳͻС
û˻Ȼû취ٵǲʧ˻ǿ캰ȴû취̨ɷĴ˵ȡǳҡԭ󽫾ӡͷڡµﶼƷˡ
£桰ˡ
ȡ˻칫ͽҸʵѡȥҴӪϢ
һҪǿܴȥûұӪӡ
뿴󽫾ͻȻˣһô˶ߣǲ͹ˡͼĹٹȥǾɱġ
ʲô˺أ
뵽һѡ칫칫ĸһ
˶û˵
ųڡ
ʾҲ뵽ˣɸȥɡ
Ϊ˻̨һ뿪ġ
ȥ˸ȥӹܻҴȻǴһʵĵطǲɢ
ڷ̨ŵʮ
˵ˡԺȵᣬȻ˵ҪȥɢҴϲֳϲɫȰҾǰս֮ʦôɢˣǹҰ⣬ǾͿϧˡβյĳ£ΪЧأ
һжģѻҴô죿ıҲɢء
ŸµĻᣬȥ취
ܷߣ˵
һ֣ͲȰ˵һãٰ¾磬Ⱦ֮ʣ¡
һ泯˸⡣ȲɱƼҴɱ
ΪƼҴǷ̨
ɸҷš
ճѰ
Ҳһ޴ųһ𷢳һҹǲ⡣
̨ѵõİ
칫һշ̨ûзӦٽҲ˵æ
˴ŭСϷˣҵȣ˵Ҫὣȥɱˡ
칫ͥԺ￳ľ׮ȥԣȥѰҾ˻ûУϢ
ֻһˣ˵ûûˣҲòأʮ˿ɲòء
ȥӹҵ˶ˣҲȻϢͻҴȴڶţƾղˣ
ô£
ҡͷֻ̾ҵӪȴǶˡȥֻһ£ֻǣǽĵֱʡ˶أҵıΪʲôأ
칫Ĭ
ǡ
￴Ǵӡ
ٴüȻ۶û취üë޵ͦ
û뵽µġӡȻģ
Ϊ׳
㳤Ҿ°ݣߵӡ
ϲҶΪ̫ӣպԴ󽫾Ϊ常
һɣˡ常֣ȫˣ
ĳ̫ӻ
ָŻ죬常
ѧẰڶ
Ӧü죬һ˿ɶˡ
һߣԼʽ£ӣ겻ꣿһ꣬ȫ¶ˡ
ԥһ˵ʹز£ǲҲûϵ
Ӹ˰Ҳײȥɡ


598 ֪
ҹڵŮ֮ոͣ
ѽȥʹ촭ۺһϢƽۣѾˣŸĴӸעĿ
ղ׵ʱûע⵽ӵ⡣
ȷʵеëͷϣᡣ
ſϡؿЩְ§ֻѾʵˡ
Ȼִ򿪣㲻ЪЪĶôྡྷ
۾ﵹӳ۾Сǡ
ɳƵ˵һûˣҶ񫣿˵ţѾַŻԭλ󣬰ٰ㲻ᡣ
ŴˣһɣǰûнȺ˱ˡſʼ̣֪̾ǵˡ
䣺ţ˵һèȫë
Цǰ
еȻҲèר׽ߡȻʶèߵ˶룬ʿ룬ƮݵġԭʼҰĺûģһ˰ĺӣ˵ëˡ
ëࡣŽĲ˵ëһҪïʢö࣬Ӷͳһߺë£ĺҲǳͷҲֺӲֶࡣ
䱻Ųӣòͷ𣬵ë࡭Ҫȫˡ
һ¸ղŵĸܡ
ëҲûʲôãԺˡӻҪꡣ˵
ڶ𣬽ͲٹˡҪȥѻҾɢ
ŻĻѻҾеĻŽ춼;ͶЧģˡ
񱻡򡱹ĻҾֻаˡ
ͬǣȫǻҾڣҲֻҺ
ҲûշǣҪǡҵ
ƫԺ˵Լˣܶȥ˶ӡ
׵Ļüë˵˵˭ȥ
ǸԼʮ꽫ҲǻӳС֪ĸǺˣϰһգ뻨ǴСꡣ
㣺Ҫ֣ʲôӣЦ
ǴͶ껹ʮ꣬ΪչˣĲܻĸףǧĿء
ԻҲǳҲԵ𻨼ҸӵΡ
ɨˣԻ˵үҪ㡣
һ۽䣬ȻŲ·ðġ佭رͻһ뿪ԼԻϻлĻΪҪɢȥ·ͶЧЩʱƶй
ҲȰʱ佭ġ
Ϊܾڴа
ڽ˵Ҫֵܶڿվжȥ¼¡
ҿھ͸ߡ˵ֻҪ֤ƽ¡
ͷ¡ȵ˴˴Ҳλ³󽫾ս䡣ʱգ³뻨ԼѳɣλҲֵͬˡ
ĻȷʵĻҽǶˡ
ԭ³
³һѣʶ֮ģ
ʲô뻨Լѳأ
һʱ֮䣬ȫ񲻶
ǱΪǷ̨¼һǣͲһˡ
ɫҲÿ񲻶ԣŽ䣬˵һУҼ˵
仰ǿˡ
Уʼȥ㻨
СԺе㲻һһ·࣬Ϣյĺá
ʲô
ʼһԣЦδƽֻͷգԷ絶˪뻨ཻô򵥡
̫ˣûɹ£㻵°
ͷ׵İͷˡ
ѰӽйЦеѧϰôˣܸ
ϴԼȥ̨ɺ󣬸ûʱɥʧͱƸСȥˡ˿ڻ࣬ɷּ򵥣̡˿ڡ
ΪƵƵͻȻӿ̡αɢһҲȻ
нδӻ͵ļ֧֮ͳһȻҲСˣ
ǰŸձȥÿսǡǵʳͳǵĲأոţֱȥ±ʳҪ١æýͷöһҹûۡ
ΪҪһţҲ˵Щûıеĸֻġ
ҪЩʿÿʳݣȥҶδ򲦸ٻš
˵ɣɰǰһ̸ֱֺֽϻκǺֻص³ֻڲͣѧϰѧϰѧϰûûнӴʵ
ƫƫĸ˵ġ׳־ĸĻò̫䡭
ĸ˵̫ˡ϶Ƕ˵ģǾȥɻɡ
Ϊһ򵥵ļ⣬ɵݺȥѰδ򣬶δȴЦ֪дΣ
ӣ
Ȼ֪
δ򣺿֪ÿտн٣٣ںεأ
ӣ
ǲ֪
δЦŸȻʲô֪ҲֻܸÿβֻĿ֮һ
ӻûֻ֮һߣȻñӪıǶӡ
ֻǷҪôĿȻδԵʲô˼
ڿ۸δлϲһ̡
δ۸𣿡
ҡͷС֪δ̵䡣
г񣬾ûٶ˵ʲôԼɡ
ϵ£Լװٱ˶ǧ򱶡
һ䡰³κ˵򵥣ȴǶҪ³ȥġ
Ҳʼ̫ˣСˡκ̫ӡ֮⣬Ķˡôκ̫ӣôκദôȡκˣһһ̵Ͳˡ
κѧҲǹĶǵĹκκţСӶǻްͷ
ֱ׵˵жˡ
ҪǲպֻԽԽжֱǰûһˣûһԻ٣ˡ
ʼӿ浽ʱʼҲסԼֻһԨ
Һû١
԰˵һȥɡ
æӦ
ʼȥ˳Ҳ˻˵ԡ̫ӡ֮Ųɡûаѡ̫ӡ¸ţֻ˵Ҫʱڴˣû˻ط̨š
ʼòû˻ط̨
ã·ϰŽɱ
ǻȥһ²ء
칫϶ּᣬȻͻﶼˣʬ̨ȻҲûң
ͷӣ
ӹȣҡ
չչһ·࣡ʮڳӭ
һܺ۵Ļ˵ͣӳ߳Ȼ
ӵұ֮ûеʱ䣬̾뿪
ڣ̨ԽԶԽȫýˣһץסУΪҲ޷죻
ܾǰأһߣԲ֪˭ڱҪȡ
ֻʱ뿪պ㡣
ԨԴʮǰû֪ʮǰһŮΪ򸾣ûм档
ǰڳ£Ůɣ˷̨һλȴڷ̨Ȣһӡ
Ůֻҡ
ӣֻʱչ˶ѡ
Ůȥ
ȻӭĹľͻռᡣ
֮Ҳûжϵ
ιڷ̨֪
Ȼңȥˡ顣
ɽȻ֮ޡĵܵܡʱԽѡΪǿȻķϡɽȻȻʮ𾴡
ȻʣӹĳǣճΣȶ٣
ɽãޱѩģһ궼ΡѾʳˡ
Ȼƣããã
ɽʣǲʲôҪˣ
ȻЦǺ£Ǵء


599 ӹȵ
ӹʵǽɽֳһ֧зںһƬƽĹȵء
ﶬ̣쳤һ˸¶Ǻ죬˸ѩʱڣϵĲݻġʳͨһ죬ʱ꾰ˣһ춼
Ϊӹ̨̫Զʵ۵ּ⵽ﶼҪۿۣƽʱ˵㻰գֱš
ĩΪҷǰĩβգͻȻһʮˣˡ
ڵĵطա
ɽķ˾յϾҵ㣬ձ֧ƫ֧˲١
ϵҾΧһˣɽ꣬ǰ޹һΣɷ֮󣬶ԴŶӹɽż·һأͻǣƵİ˸Ƹ˻
ɥЯӶӣ¼ҵۣԾǸҪǿġټ֮ңҲûзСɷ£Ҳʱʣʱ֡˵΢ԣֻɽȴʲôĸֵܶˣֻ뺢ӲԼףɲɵ
ȻԺɽΪ򡱣һնûлؼҡ
գţ˵ɽ̵ĶӲˣϽȥ
ɽʹҴҸϻһţͿţǼ檡
ɽҲ༿Ụ̊ƽʱϲڰѳĺÿļй˵֡
ɽһ檾֪ʲô̶ӣǼٵģΪ˽
̣ڰȥ£ͻȻһˣ¡
һƣҲŲƭ㡣̵Ķȷʵˣ¹ײĶˣҲ˴ȥصأõطˣֻٹ죬ɥ¾Ҫˡ˵ҲܣʱҲҪȥ¶档
ɽͷҼˡ㲻ϲ򣿡
ϣֲΪʲôҪϲǡûһʵſھҪеʳˣôŵù
ɽֺ̾γ֪
ңֹɽɽĸ׵궼ѾȻš
ʲô취أ
һʼֻ޸ŮûɣҲܹȻ̫Զһ׮еѾȥ꣬Ȼڷ̨Ȣ޺ɽĸױڻ飬˲Ը⡣
ʱںӹĳлûվȽţǰңϵ˵䲻ģҵʱֻǿԮ׮³ɻǲɣҪ
Ҫǣ˷̨ϡ
֮Ȼǲţ˵סû²ɡ
ô˵ˣҵȻҪѹӦˡˣҲˣȻʸߣչѹ칫˷̨˵һ
ɽûġ򡱵ĸ˼
ɵȻ
Ȼ
ԣɽŲȻ˵Ķҵ꣬ꡪҲòš
⼸ȻЧֶǮϣȻжҵôһ
ֻôһ˵Ͱĵ׵Ǹˡ
ôأɽ̾
ϣȥ̨̽һ°ɡбȥҶȥһǱȻ֪ˣҲл˵ںҲûֵˣ˵Ļġ
ɽĶԥó϶ȥҲǲСȥʲôչӳģ˵Ҫ
æʣ˵û˵˭Ҫɽҡͷ˵ǡ
ϣǾʲôҲû˵ɽüͷ
̾ó϶ȥ϶ˣ˺չȥŰɡ
ɽһæҡͷʲôţҵȳչպᱻģ
չǸˣӵңҲܷ
˵϶ֲ
ɽӦ𣿡
Ͽ϶Уʲôеģ˵˺˽㣬ǣ
ɽڼҴһ󣬾ֻȥȻˡȻûסңסҵһׯ԰˶ûȫˡ
ɽȻһΪȻİȫҲһ˼
ΪűҹȻȻǺҡ
Ȼ֮ӡΡɽ̾˵ˡȻ˵ǵ죬ǱҪȥһ͵ġ
ҵȷɥ¡Ȼɽһ𵽵ģϹҰףһϸ䲻ݡ
ɽȻˣ˼˵һֱôƢ֡Ȼȥģ͵֣֣ϸʧӣôʧ̬
ɽֻһ˼ңϣѯʳ϶ȥûСϵͷѾˣͿԵˡ
Ӻӹȵ̨һ·ԽԽߵģ䲻ȣʺϸ·
ɽ̾˼û£ԽԽˡȰֻܲһ˵û˵ˣ
ɽҡͷҪżҡҡҵҿļλ岮
ϵ岮ȥżҵˣŵǺͨģᱻǣߡϰɡ
ɽͷѾŵдţҿͽаȥɡ
ϵĴӡ
ϵҲá
ԭϣγźΪϵųӺӹȳһ·̨
ףһһµļҵ̳ˣҲ졣
γţĸȽգȥҰݷãܽҵ˸һȥ
Ͼȥҡĸļޣҵ岮ֵʵ̫죬ֻ游ĸڣÿҲ档
ݹ游ĸ󣬾ȥ˴󲮡⣬ԥ˰죬˵չҵ¡
־ңţͷβ˵һ顣
˵ʵҲôҲ֪ҳ׺סˣҵ£Ҳĸ˵ġһʱ˵©죬Ž֪ġչ˵׻ڲңҶ֪
ѵͷ㣬֪˵һѾܺˡʲô
ϣҼٲͲزסˣָҲ̫ǮˣۿϾҪˣȥҸ˻
ȻںӹļҶôˣЩеطţѾּҵģȻﲻ٣ȴûôÿʳ˴Լԣ붼Ҫ˻Ǯġ
ǾԴΪġ
ҪôǼǵ
ϵҺҶաȴ޷֡
ˣǮ٣ʱⶼۿۡ
٣ɼûҳǿƣϸµǵҵҲͱ⼸岮ˡ
ҪҲ̫վסšϲֻϵķϣͼУ߼աϺܡ˵ΪĶӾ࿴ƽ
ͼ۸߼۶УǾͱˡ
˵Ҫȥ⻰ŵġӵܣȴҸһ㣬Ҳеϧġ
̾ĸȥ˵Ҫȥ̨Ϊ˵ࡪ̨
Ѿ֪һȥֻ
һȥôУҽһȥɡ˵꣬Ķһˡ
ѵĶ䣬ͿԵϵĵ·ϣԸơ
ǻ˶ʮĹų̂ȵ˹ǡ
˵ĵطҽ۱ȷ̨á
Ȼǰ̽Ϣģοš
˵ǵ˶࣬۸ߣ˵Ҫ
˵ֻø˹ǡ
ʱ򣬸պ³Ľڡ
⾹ȻðһСһĵȣһƶһ͵Ļ׶ѵð⣬ſѯۡ
İնԸԶ·
Ϻ䶼û뵽ﾹȻộ
ǣ۾Ȼûµ
ڿʱ϶ΪһһЩûϵһʣȻԤϵĻҪһ㡣
ʵӵļǮʣҪ򣬻ҪһںӹȻʲôۣ
۾һӹȵģӣĻȥģ
˵ǵӣȥġġҲˡ
̸
̸ܿһеߵļ۸Ҫеȫӡ
⣬ȥҲ벻Ҳǧ֮ʲôɵΪκӹȵӼ۸ôߣЦﶮ£ӹȵļ۸һֱûǡҿǺӹȵ˽˰ɡ
ϵʹӹȵˣɸ𴦵ĵҲûʲôͬ
ҡͷֻ˵֪ӹȵгﶼۣ˵ǣŻἱŶ
ϵûŵҪ͹Ҫ£ֻﶼѩ˰ɣ
Цڹⶼ³ɡʵֻҪģҾͿºѵֻת˺üˣҲǮ׬ˣ
ֻҪȵӵԺȫ֣ĿܵģֻҪСĵ㣬̰ģҲ̫ࡣǳˣζлĻͻٵö࣬׬ǮҲöˣ
Ϻ
ķʽδţ


600 ʦ
ڹ˷̫ʱ䡣뿪ʱмֲᡣ
³𣿡ڳ˵Ҽжȥ³һˣ
ѾǷּˣȻڻͷ˵ǰҾãȥ³ܶණ
ǲòǰǣ뿪ǰԼʱپξʹȥ
˺ȥöǵĽ׽˹֤˽˲˵Ĺ֤ѡ֤Ա˵ΥԼǹǵĹٲ׷ˡ
һŷӦǻҵҼȥ
֤ԱͷԡΥԼûнϺͬдʳĻ
ϳ䣬
ҡͷ̫ˡҲܡƭˣ߲ˡƭˣֻϵù
⣬һƭһҲֻϵù˵ϣǲһȥ׷ծġ
ϣ˵Ǹ˽Ǯ˶٣
ʱ˫֮⣬
ҡͷҲ֪ƺкüĿġǸ˵ȻҲûǮȡ֤дʲôǾͳˡ
ȡġ֤
ϽʱҲôһ˵˶ҪСԱͣءߺ
俴˼飬˵Щá֮⣬ʣ¼һһϦܸıġرߺߵĲܱͣ͵޷ٳߡݣ԰Σô죿
οˣʱҲܳãԻѪ⡣
Ĺ˵ЩѾܹǳ׼ȷˡ
ð䣬һʱҲҵʵˡ
˵һʱ䣬Ҳǲܡ
ҡͷĶ˵ѡǸϵһķǳСҴûڱĵطĳӡ
ǲͣ˵³£ʼûڹǶһ³顣Ǽֻµġ
ȫֿҪȥһ³˵
˵ǿѰһ³̣һ㡣
俴ϥ̯ŵѧ飬һǶÿһὲһ־֣ÿһֶŲͬĴСӾƶ
Ӧһģһ³źǻȥʱȥһ˹ǡ̧ͷҾãӦȥݷһ³
ûԥʹӦ
ǵ˷̨֮ǰûʲôͬڳⲻԶĴׯǵĳǰʣҪҪ³õģʳըҲģ
Ϻ䶼ڹǳԹ³ʳ֪³һѩ׵ŨμӽʳʲôҲóԡ
ʳըƺҲζ
ϺܾӽҪǮ𣿡
˵ӽǾŷǮΰ˷֣ʲô߷֡
ϸҪһͼӽ³ֶЩεըʳ
˻Ƕ㣬˳Ǿûˡ
Ϻ˵̼Ҳֳʳôģ
̾ǰŶء³ﻹ⣬ԹС̯СͷĴͻȻ³ˣ³˶ˣҲˡȥԣ³ʳڷﲻҪô˵͸˵Ҫջ
ʣʲôջŶ
ռҺͻң
Ͻ˸񡣴ӰյķӦչͻ󽫾ߵǳء
Ц³ʳһʲôȥװ˰ⰡʲôšóǺóԣң֪ԼԵʲôջһ
̨
칫֪һֱڳ̾
Ѱ׸ȥǡ
׸ϱʾû⡣
ʦҶԽ˵ʲô׸ڴ˵
Ѿܾöûˡ
˴ӡ
½ύѣڵѱ࣬ÿ춼æ
Ů
׸еһ˷ǳкøУ˻ʫ質͡
˵û֮١
ҲûС
Ҳܸо뿪޲ߡ
ҲΪǣĿҲٳȶȡ
ŮȶЦöࡣ
´档дʫƺжҲֻꡣ
ָоѾ޷ʲôˡ
һϤĵ·ϣ˦ˡ
ø㣡Ŀ࿴°ɡ
ϣ
칫˵áȥ˾ˡľҵ˼ˡ
˵Ϊ׸뿪ϣ׸Զ
ôˣӵϳ˾ΥĲ֪
ʲô𣿡ʰ׸硣
׸Ĭһ͵̧ͷʦʲôأ
칫ĺӣãʲô
׸ֳĬˡ
칫Цµˣֻǲţ
׸ʵǸӡʱĺȴԼĴԼ
̰ݣ͡
칫ӣƵ˵Ŷ
׸̧ͷڶģġ
칫ҡͷѵ˵Ҳ⻻һ
׸Ҫ޳ļһ䣺Զҵĵӡ
׸е㴭Ұ档Ұ
칫ʲô㶼Ȩأ
׸̧ͷ˵ҿҿŬةˣ
칫Ц־Զ󰡣ЦʣǣԼةࡣ
׸ãȻؿ
ǲ
ֻ񲻳ǻʲôδ
ġǰһ³³ģ
ǽġ
ʦġֺ׽Ѿվʦǰ
ʦЦ˵ȴڽĵǰ
ڸ̨
һʼô˵ġ
ʲôأ
׸ʱ룬뵱ʺ
ʲôܱȻʺĵλߣ
ѵ뵱ʵۣ
ɽ칫һ˿Цĵ˵ǰľ뵱ʵ۰
Ѿѷ̨͵ˡ
ڳһ£ȻˡȲɱҲҷš
ܹضأ
Ƽֲᷢԣġ
ֿԼһ۰򡣵ʱֹƼһ̨ϵˣţĹȣռңңһӵϣƼȥҪ塣
еһƵͷȥ
ûлʵ۲ɱҲ뱣סеˡ
ϰƶˣҪ·ЩּˣҪˡ
Ժ󣬾Ҳǰĳˡ
ֻһܾ
ֻһˣڲẦҪվڷ̨˵һ
̨ϣڡ
Уҳһ飬ֲͷ
ô죿ڸô죿
ðģɵʱҪҵľӣһʱ¡
ʱҲûиõİ취İѻҾҲҲƲסˡ
ѵôİѻҳ
Ӧһ㡭
ڸô죿
졢ǰ졢ǰ졣
ÿһ춼ƼǰʳȻûֱǿ϶Ѿˣ
Ҳûзǲͣ˶˵ƼҵһƬģһƬġ
֪
ô죿ô죿
ͼ¶⡣ڳˣ˭ˣ̨ϵ˶ţֻˣһǽˣһ³ˣ
˵ҰƼҽֶ𣿾Իǡ
ɱ˻ǧҲû
ҡͷס껨ǧڵðȵ۲űɱġ޶С
ǿԱġ
뵽˵ðʥأһۼ¡
һ۾Ͳµ˳ʲô˵ð˽ˡԾˣĴˣɱҲ˳ˡ
͵ԼʲôҲûоװɵ
سһ£ҡͷЩðաϾһͻỳһƴ󽫾ı
ûзֻʣ˿־塣
ô죿λ߽ң뽪
ѵڵıðһСѣɱ˾ɱˣѵǻð𣿡
޷޵Саˣū壡ʹ޵Ƽ롭ѱ
æĪ˵ᣬðβּȼأԳͶش񣬡³ԳһƬģػΪ˹ͿأϧҲϽġ
޵³ңԶѾȽ𣡡
ٵѵˣҹǢּҹԮСˣ
ŰɣһŮӡѵܵǧ
ҹɵǸһ˶֪Ѱ
һϣãηһԣĿһɨЦ빫һʥּҹʦ


601 ҳ
칫˶˷̨Ҫֻ֣¾ˡ
ǲ֪Ǽ͡
׸ήҼգװȥˡ֮ǰȥ棬ȴãŵȵпռ
һͬǰĻĳӣ顣꣬ѧָ衷꣬ɡϲߡ
˵ҪȥǣѰȥ
׸󾪣ɲ˵㿴˴ֻҪһҾͿɰǡ
׸Ǳһư㣬ۣ
ϸԼȴ޷
Ʋ
ǰһģɳˣپһ֮ڣȻ͸ÿҴ³ˡ
濴ɫ䣬֪⻰Ǵˡ԰׸绹иģֻôȥһջǻľ޸ġ
ҪǣǰŮøߵĵλֻ֣ܰϣɷͶϡ
ڽĸһ·ߣֺαشɷϽ̶ӳɲţ
ԿԼ
ԸֵܲһͨͨȻҪǰ
үүѰ׸͹ȥʾ
ɷ򶼿ȥĶҲȥһ߳ȥ˶ߵøԶ
һѰ顣
ĸ˵ˣ¾͹Թڸǰ۵˵һͬȥ
׸籧ס飬Ĭã棺Ϊ˴ӣſðȥ𣿡
⻰̵ͬһ졣
޶˶ãȻǶزȥˡ
ѰлסǾͲðȥˡ
һĵĸסҲû취͡ĵôһôġ
׸˵ҵ걻ͽʱ㱻׽̹֪ԼҪѧϰǼ£ʦӡҲ뿪ҡĶһԸĸʧ
Ȧһ죬ңʧ̬ˡ
׸˵ｻѾˡڹҲѾˡҡǷޣͬΪһ塣ҵġ
ĵ׵һ˿ǽ̲סʳһԼ֪𰸣ֿ־𰸵⣺
áұ𣿡
׸ĿƿûдתȥˡԶãȻʧ롣
Ǳˡ䣬Ǳˡ
Ǻãǻأ
̨ϣ
һºЩһЩ
Գ˵Σֻ߲Ǽˡڷ̨Ҽѱ棬ɴˮ׽룡ǵٸ۷̨ʥּƳȥԽ࣬Խ࣬롣źñ
ĶƼҶģʵ˭ˣ
˵ģ˶ˣܲᶼһġԽ࣬ԽʱҷԴܱҪá
ҲڵѾƿزˣԽԽܱڸ
Էġ³ˣ̣ѵĵǲһ
ϾǸŮ˰ܸЩɷȡ
ȥǲѰһղ۵ĹŮĽ䡣Ů˽ҪؼҿĸΪɳ˹ǰ칫
칫˵ǸŮˣǺǲк¡
Ůз֮£֪칫Ը泤ǣ
칫ռ뻨ңѵѾ˳𣿡
ȻĹѾһߣףҲѾᡱ涼칫ˣ˵һ˫ȡ֮黬թơƴҪǶ泯
ŶڹԼУץˣɲܣ
ҵľӺôͷƼҵİ˾˿ڳ
ҲͳûӵĸץһбĴ󽫾ҵŶ˵ıġҪǱ˳ҹɱˣûȥģ
Ů칫£ֻûȥˡ
ˣ֪칫;ðΪɣɱ
Ȱ˸˵
Դ̨һζûмʵۣʵסﶼ֪ʹòŸߣҲ޼ƿʩҺûмڳãƽʱչһ㣬̨ϵˡŮ۸ˡ
һգͻȻи˴ˣΣʵҪˣ˴ȥʵۡ
Ȼϲʤԡ´磬˼ûûʵһģֻлʵ۲պͺˡ
Ϊˣǿڹг˳ġ
Ҳϳ󣬽ŮһŲãȻҲֻܰŮǰ
š
̨Ǽ㼫ġ֮ǰߣǵһ߳סĹңĵط
ֻΡ룬ױ䡣ôС¾ɡ
֮ǰ˵ϣֺԹڱıһϯλպôЯҪǣҪԹʵۡ
֪СҲûʲô˾¡ôȥأԹļױߣҲԹޣȥ״ҡ
ֻԺ˵ԹΪŭ£ѾԾˡ
ĵ׶ٳһֺԹδŭµأǲƢãһҪӱСĲС
뵽³³ǿ³˵ǵᣬ⣬ܳϲ¶Ҳ࿴İɣ
ҲϳȥˣǲԹһ
ȥ־ˡȥʵ۵·֮ǰôڴһ˿η塣
鱩֮
Թò³ǿв˰֣ŭǺã
Ѱָ⣬ȫˣһʶ
Ҽʾͺˣ
˸⣬ͻȻ渹ۣͣͣҸоʹѽѽʹܲˣ
ڳϺȴͣ
ݳ˶˵ˣҲŰɣʱɲͣ£
˺Ǳܼ£
˲ˣǲܵġֻȥ£֮ҪΣԼе
˲ɵÿôأ
ǡʱԶһˣΪ֮Ǽ£æ±ҲУ£££
ͻȻ֪Ҫʲôˣ룬þ˲ҲûʲôϵͿͨѺ֮ļͨߣȽˣǾͻ
Ҳ޿κˡ
һ˵ĳݣȣʹ˸Ͻˡ
Ȼʹסݡ
ݳ˺˼ǰ߰˸϶򲻹ֻöԽ˵ּˣǳ
˵Ҳ˷Ը˻ȥɡ
ݳ뷴ȴЩ˸ӲǴӳ˳˰ѳָ˻ȥ
˴ʱҲ죬Ĩȥᣬʽ󣺡£⵽ô£˻ǲҪ֪ĺá˻ȥ󣬲ҪٳˡţҲҪš˭з˳ȥ˶Ҫš
һ߶һߵͷȥæ˰Ŵսѽߣд˵
ûлسڵһ˵㵹ˣܱƵ¶ġ
һˣҲҪˡ
Ķˣһһû𡣡
ҡͷˡ˵ǽһ·޽УزƼҵıˣֻ㶯ְɡ

ڵĹﴦޣǳ֮
û˿أ˶򲻹ˡƽʱŴգֻͷʱһС
ʲôд̿ˣҪɱҲ¡
ÿ춼ʳˮûʲô
û¶ġ
̳ѾܾˣҲǿģ˽Զʤˡ
֪ʵ˭ġ
Ǹˡ󣬻бŮľ֮ݡһеˣܸ
ҲΪ¶μġ
мв̵һ棬ҲŮһ档
ھԥ֪׸òɱɱʰо֡
˵ŶһƬģѪ鶼дüˣܰѳȰûתֻҪҳϵģͿٶһʱ䡣
ڣʱ򰡣
֪ԼǺʱͷġ
ܾȻͻʱɣһֿܡ
̨µˣȻӵиĻᣡԡʵۺͳΪı
ΪҪٶȼܵȵᣬû뵽չͻô׾͵ˣ
ǲվ
Ϊ칫ڡ
칫󣬷̨Σ˻֪ʲôʱ
ʱͿԹĽ̨ƾšõʵҲʱ׾ٵ䵽
Բһһ䣡
칫֮ǰһҪһҳģſպ칫ʵۡ
ʱȵתĳҲһ
ڲ


602 ɵӵ
͵͵˽
æһѾ˵ľ
ɵӣ¡
¶ʮͶ£죬ʮְأ̵ĶҪԼ˿
ͳˣʣôˣʲô£
常²ɫţҿֳҪ常ˣ
ѽ·޺һ˵Ҳġ
£ºβ˻ȥֻ˽չţôжвˣһ˷䵹Ѽ֪Ǻιʣ

£Ҳ£ҪôǳҪɱˡɽƽʱûȥö˶˵ģɱʲôҾ͵ݺ常
޵˵еģٻȥȰ⹬оŶǼҵĸȻҡ
¼常β͸ȥһ˲ӣд˺常ô죿
Ц˷ܺңǳֻһȺ޸֮ΧţҲСҪңǰٽǿΪҶľǡȥȥ
ҹ̨д̿Ǳ룬Ա²
ҵ֣
¸壬Ӿ١ǲܡѯʣյѣ볯㺣ֻǰб𣬲Υ񡣱ºβ״Եճɾ
±ּ
칫˵ҹ̨˻ԺվԺ￴򶫱ߡ
ڵĻ£̨ǵĻʱʱԣſһԻֱʣڷ̨
󣬷ִ̨һʥּдýЦԷǡ
칫̡ȼݡ;ͻʥּҶɿЦƣƴ󽫾ľǿ̫أ
ʵ۾ȵ˴͵ŮٶɵĽɽ
һ֮£öͷð࣬
ҡ
ٿҲŭɫмѾȥýˡ
ٿ칫칫һ£Ҫ̨ǽ˵ɵˣ׽ʬ
ԣʱҲؿڲסĿͭ塣
ƽһƽڵرֻ±֣ҵҪȼݣأ
ʰ̲ס͸Բ࣬䣬壬ʱͷĪΪ˶ɵӣһͣе쳤
ʮЦ죬ڽ֮أΪҲϯУЦ
ģŭɫˣ԰һԡֻ˳үү겻һıұͱϵ໹ûϴɾأͲǵˣ
һ𣬺ܿͰʮ˴ˡ
칫һţĬĬ룬ȵʧ˰ɣ
Ƽҳôãүүõģүү˻ҾУ̣ҲûɣȻʵǱҪ᲻ԼıͰЩͽ˷̨
Ƽȵ۵ۡҲȵۣείΡľƼҳݵ£ͬūͣ˺úþ֮⣬˳ûбĻ·ˡ
ȵ㵽ˣΨû㵽ľıˡ
Ҳû㵽ҰĶ
ʵҲʵɵӣĳǸŮˡһŮ˶ΪΪܽ˷᲻ȡ֮֮ģ
ǰȻ
ϡ氡
칫̾˿дҶȱʲôҪø³̳
ȣܳΣаˡˣڷ̨Ƴǡ
ֹˣǮҲ㹻ı
Ҫǣлʵۡ
ӵȫƻˡ
Ƕ뵽һҪ£
ʵۡ⣡
칫ʣµҲûб·ˡһʥֻּһͻˡҪ˳ͲҡվλӲȡЦʵӦȵٶֵġ
뵽ˣΪҺռžֵģ
칫ͷҡͷǣҲǡ
ֵкܶ࣬ףǳ

籿ס
ܿĲ֮ģȴûдֶΡŵڵĽ
ѾõӦˡ
Ѿˡ
칫̿ϾҲųġ
칫̾һǿ߰ɡǣȥӦǣࡣʱ䵽ˡ
ҵ˸ߵĶˡ
Բߡ
칫ǰ㲻ߣôߣҪһҪɱң
ҲߣвûоǣԸ̨һ̽
칫˵ߣǾ°ɡƵҡ
Դ£æֻüѷ̨ΧˣץסʵۺͳѲ
Ҳɱٺˡ
ͽ󶼱סˣһ³һǽˣûһ¡
ʵ²˷֮⣬ʣµĶûɱʤ׼죬ϲ֪£ͻ̺ʵۡ
Ψгð졣
ֻѳһȵȴڣʳýЩ
֮⣬ҲҶԳֻ֣ܹס
ûʵ۵дһʥּҴҷ˳ȥԼ
Ȼ˵
ɳһʥּдҪ޸ô
ͷۻǱɼȲܴɱ
ʵ֣ʵ۲ܼˣֻƾһʥּһ뵱ʵۡⲻܣ
Ҫվߡ
ԳٰǱģҳûʵ۵в
ǲӡ
ֻöʳˮ̺
ӳҲǽͷö
ƼҲ˶⿳ͷвپ壬Ҳо쿪ġ
ʵģҪ񽵡Ƽʲôܵʵۣ
û뵽ô˳Һûվߵġ
ôҰ⡣
һ˵Ը⣬ǾͰѷ̨µҶץͬ˲ˣ
бڻûˣ֪ǿԲ߷ң˵Ҹһɣ
ҲеıԽԽá
һ͸˸һˣ
ǣڵ죬˳̨Ȱҡ
֪ʥּҪ͸áһ©ٳЦʥּôڷ̨¸
оѵ˼ңûľʹżС˳ǡ
ʣµĺͿҪô飬Цʵû˻ҡռ֮һӦ棺Ƽҡ
Ҳ˾⳯Ǹ飬ͰͨˣǳҪء
Ƽҵϸȥʱб˵ֺģҲвмһ˵ġ
Ҳбãġ
칫Уȵŵȵ롣
Լ̾ǰһɵһҲɵб
ȵڷ̨ɵӣΪɵӲ£֪ɵŽ˷ء


603 ôһ
Ƽұţ˵룬ץ
ʱ̨µŷǵʥּǶϷǾþӷ̨£ƽʱٱҲõʵ۲á
ʵ˺󣬲ϳ֣ضġ
²ûܺҲԸװ̫ƽϾ칫˷Щֺαضģ
ʱëȻЮӶôʵ۵ˡ
ʵۡŻô׾ͱһССëסˣ˹塣
̫ˣ
찡
칫ҡ롱˳̨ȥһ·Ͽȫ̸Цߡûһǻ̻̿־ӡ
ǿ칫У⿿밲ʺãȻϿҵԸ湫󣡡
칫ҡҡͷЩҲվɻȥ־һͬʿ׷ȥˡ
Զڳϡ
˾ϲ⡣
硣
ּԹһǾⶪҡ칫ݡ
ɫµǣҵȽҷڳϦ֮䣡ŵ˵
⻰Ǿ壬ϳ˶һ飬Ϳʼǲˣ
ϾһҲѵ֮ڡѵͻһɫҲ򶨴ݵ칫ǸС֪ЩӢүүˡ
ͷ
칫ҡͷ
칫ָָָָˣָԣ㱾ִЩһͱˡ
ԶͿˡ
ףһˣѵܰôȫɱɱ⣬ô͢أ
칫ƽĳӣһѽûУѵָŵ䣬԰Ծ
ưˣô
ǿѱ·ˡ
칫˱£·һ֮䣬֪ôѡ
ٿһˣǲţôˣ칫Ѿ˲ϸˣҲǶģң̨ھ٣
Ƭ̣򡣡
ǰʲôãһȺѣ
ģȴңȫ֮ˣ
칫¶ץˣ𣿡
鳹ױˡصת²ڡ֮ǰҪȢʥּ졣
ǵʥּǻƣҲ޷ܡʵƣۣҰģҲ֮ɡ
Ҫ˵ܲǰ̨µңһУ޷ˡ
ôأ
϶ң
ɫᶨ
칫ҲûһϦ֮ͱûкúýֻ飬ôһԴƢ
תԣ￴ʲôԱ˵Դ󡣡
ؿԣģ֮ƺʲôǵתۼţҲץסˡ
Դ⻰ʡһٶǰи̵˾˵ˡԴĻΪѾԼ졢ء֮ϣڶˡ
Ҽ֮㡢ǻۡλƸȷʵѾûܱҸȽˡ
һļ壬һ侫ȥɡȷʵһĽƶķչ±øá
Ҳһɲ䣬䣬𣬾̭һײһֱڲµѪҺµ
ΪҽԶȥΪȥʷһΰϣԼЩϵľӢд졣
ҲΪҵΰ˰Դͱ
˵ҲӦǫѷΪ£οأҲӦǫѷòǷĵǫ顣ֹǶǶԳԼ֮ֹǶԵλߵģƽλµˣľ֪޾֮ҲӦѧϰ̬佻ֲܳŰհ
֮ҵԴؽ
֮Ҳ׫дƵһٶҲһáʶ֮ʿϣ̴оʾ֮⣬ҵΪ룬֮֮
ʱԷò˵ֻʱ
ɴʱҲò˵ʲôˡ
Ѿ̨ˡ
³нȥ
߽ȥ󣬹Ű¡¡Ĺˡ
ʱͷвһ˿ӣƼǴӲġ
ûСֻ¾ͳȥˡܡҲƼУ
ѵη
ηƼСˣηأ
ܡ
ӦȻӦη
ҲŹˡеļǰߣеķЦЦЦмһˡ
칫࣬ԼĲҪᶨܳɣܶ㣬¡
һʵǣ߹Űټףڴ֡
ͻ֡
ڻʵϲʱŻ
߽ȥ߽İĹȼ޴Ļ棬Ũҵɢ˷Ǻ
߽ûһ˳ǳĬ¡
ǶǰϰŻʵ۵Ĺڣӡ
վԡ
һŮڵðֺܿʧ
Ůĵð֡ĵ׵ķŭһӿһֱĸо
ڣǰ˶ڵҪǧС
λż£ҪȢҲȼݶܷĹ
ϾҪսĽɱڡ
ûϯ
ͻȻ֮䣬ȺһЦָ˵ȮЧҲҲ
һ
⹷ôѧ˵
£
ôЦ
˶ŬЦøЦᣬЦɱ硣
ЦսеĽ
ŭ¡ǰһģû뵽ô˶뷴
ѵûпеĽ
ѵûŵеѪζٶҲǲסѪȣ
칫֣ЦȻֹ
칫ʣūɻǵü磿
͵ÿ칫
Ǿūͣգ
ʡ
ūɻǵ˭ԣ
˭´
˭ס
ūкĿڵϣ½ȥһԼѮ
ŭȵң£Ƴȥҿˣ
ҼʿӦһȺǣҪЮȥ
ӻЩȭţҪʿ֮ΧҲͷʿֶΡ
칫ߵǰվǰūڴɱˣϷȡܹܰ
ѽ칫ǰ϶㲻𣿣
칫ЦūҪȨƣҪ£ֻƾƼǰˣȡ·ҵǷЦ
ҧһҲɱǣ
칫㲻㱾֣ʱ־ʧȻɱһˣ̨ءʹб¡Ҳס
תסʿ
ʿ֣޷ɢմѪۣ̱ȥûˡ
ҡͷһ˫۾ɵüŵְֺ졣˼£Цè꣬
ǻ߷ߣ̳嵽ǰȥɱһȤŭѩ˾㲻˼ֻ£Ǻε
Ц㣬㣡
侲ǰ칫̸
˵칫ףҵӱǡ
ӵͷǡ
˵ڴūУպʱֻҪūһΡ
Ӷʱɫ䣬
칫н͵˼̾;һ칫Ļ
˵ףҪȨƣȥ˶ɱҲ˼졣
Ը칫ͬϯΪȣĳڲ࣡
ϾԸ¸칫һˣԸӲλ
칫ҡͷ
üëˡ
Ī칫Ȱĳ¾ģһ߳Ͳˡ˭ȰˣǽʵۻǽǽȥⶼҪ
칫ҡͷ
£칫Σ
ģ칫ͬ⡣
칫˵һֳɰ취ܲܽܡ
ʵֻҪ칫治칫ġ
칫ջоȼݴ󹦣óۣβأ
ʱĶˡ
ʵʱռ˷̨ʱáʱԣóɹģڿҲˡ
칫˵ģҲֻ֪а뵱Ļʵʵ̫ˡ
ǵ칫ˣ̨ȺףĶֺƭסȻȻȡ֮
˶֪в֮İ
ǳڻʵڳΡ
һж¶ǰˡ
һݡѷ̨ĴССȫץˣҪƵǴӦʵۡ
ɱһǲԸ⣬ɱأɱѪɺأ˶ǲġ˸ɱ֮·̨ȴطӦҲѾˡ
칫ָṩһƸȫġ·
βȥأʵӣˣҲĻʵɱ˻ʵ֮⣬Щ˿ûһɱġ
ãһӦˡ
칫ͷҵٳһɡԴ
תص֮У˼˵֣ģ۸øƴ󽫾ѡҪôմǨ
ˣҲˣøʹͶҪ
֮овԸģΧȰһ䡰ƱǿҲͷˡ
Ͼ㱧Ÿ֮ˣҲûҪɵĵȻūԸߣȥﵱɣٷ̨ʵ۽Щҳˡ
ⲻ
ģһ࣬һ١
칫úܿ죬̾Ͷ˹ţռѡΪ졣Ȼƴ󽫾ûǾּˡ
ȻѡأӹȰɣ࣬طá
칫Ϊ󷽣Ȧ˺ôһأѺӹȺΧʮ˸ȫȦȥˡ
ȻԹС˵㣬ڴذ֮أʰɸ³ƫԶ֮زܱȡ
칫ȾָĻʵҲûԼõʮǡ
ҪʵۣʵûʲôʵС
ʮʵʵģ
æ˵⣡̫ˣ
칫дʥּȥʵ۸ʥּ
ҪװģʥּţȥٳʾⲻԼǵģǽȥʾʵۺûʵ۸ǵġ
칫͸ûһõʥּ˳ͣ׼ȥǶʮǣ֪ͨǣӽһǲʵ۹ˣܣҪúĻӴ
Щǻ᲻ΪһʥּͶԡóϷͲ֪ˡ
ˣ¸ղŲģʱҲ칫ڵĿˣһĵЦϲ¶ɫ½ūˡ
ĴּΥ˵Ҫȥʥּ
칫ȻвӦΪ⣬ʾʥּ͵֮ǰЩ˾š
ҲЩԼӣϾûʵ̾ͷ칫ˣ˳µĴӦˡΪʾʿңλȥЪʳȻᵡ
칫л⣬˴л˳ӵĸȥҰЪˡ
Ժ칫ϴ
һ綹
칫ָһһصģҲи߰ʮ졣ʮأһ߹ɲס
ķӦ˰ɣ
Ҫǲôʱ֣Ϲˣ


604 ڽ׵
ҳһܽ͵СӣİѰϣҼҴǶڼңȥˡˡ
æ񣬻صݾӵҲˡæʣôҲûˣ
ҡͷˣ
ǵ˷̨ȴաңһ֮£ʱͷ
չ˻󽫾˸ˣչѾҪǱ˷ںӹңֻҲҪųģ
˽ŵͷƤ顣˵ҪţϵдֻͿţٶЩ˴ûء
Ǵ׼ͷ¡
̨յҲ١︸дʱҲǵü֣ȻʲôʱҲֱȣ˵仰
ֻܿȥˡ
˼죬һŶûÿ
ϵ˵칫ٽ̨ˡ
ҡͷܲǶٽȥ˰ɣ
Ψһһ׼ŵģĲǲţ˵ȥˣˣµȵȡ
˼죬һѾ⡣
ֹϲһΪǹˣ
룬ҡͷϰհҵҲѲʡӦ졣ءջ֮¡
뿴һչһĻභһһӣ̨¶ɾ֮ˡ
룬ˣ˷ʱˣӦþؼҰ߼ﳤϣ
ӹĳ֦ͬһ𣬼ҼۡܽҸˣ
˵ѳˣҲԼ⣡ĸѱ޶꣬ĸѣҲþĸһ
Ҳһֱ˼⣬ֻǼ̸һ㣬ĸҲܺãĸܣֵܸҲ
ʱ׿ֻˣʵеˡ
˵ĲֻҲ壬˵ãֻȥһˡ
ǽȥ˵˸ɽ룬ϲԸҲûȰϸһĵģǰҲʱӹ˵㡣ȻֹѸϵĶˣҲΪĸ˹ǿӲҪǲǿѸһһ¾ԼȰԼˣҲ䲻ʲôˡ
ͷˣٶҲͽ޹
ڶҾеˡ
аԸ֮̾´Ǯ֣ߵġ
ȥ·ϣ·ʱǵýǲ³飬ָ³̸ۣһصӹҡ
ʱѾ˻ʵ۵ʥּڴΪ졣
ƼɱʥּӱޣҪ·ʮ͵ˡ
ƼʥּȫΪأҲӡ
ε£ҲĶࡣϾܵʵۣĶǵȻ
µɻʵˣɴҲð
ʵƵҲûΪܵʵۡ
غʹƼ磬ʱûзչӵķʽӣ˶Ǵӻ߾ѧ䣬ʮһ˾͸ױվڷֵޣû£˴˲ɱͷôô򣬸ôôӼ㤡
Ʒᣬñǰ꣬ʱѾȵۿˣǰõϣӾͲôϡȻƷҲǴСӽӪﵱģû׵ţĶͷ˾СȻҶԽĹΣһ·Żţñȥ͵ȻӡǸ廨ͷУɲġ
ӺӶ˺ʱǰ粻һǼ
ȢʱѾ˷̨ͳ죬ȻûȵۣûκȢ֮ѾǰһҪõĶˡԭҲǾһоɽԭ䲻˵飬Ҳ־⡣
Ƿ̨һС֮ŮƲңǿϹٻŵڣʹСڵʱѾ֮ŮˣȢŮֱҫ
ǣӺӴغͲǹŪΪд֡¿ʼѧˣҲǰ粻ֻͬ˵ͨûи׵СڱӪ˯Բݵصľ
ӣǰǻ࿴˳ۡǰʮ꣬ǰĹԽԽǵȴûʲôơȴպõߵˡ
Ҫ췴ľļޣżҲŵðǲֱ⸸ףҲȥȰ˵
©Ϣ԰Ѽ޹ڼӺҲӽ˾Ӫţɣ϶ܲȥ
ǰͷȴǶ׵ҡźһ˼ɡ
׵䵽Ӫ󣬸Ǳֳžеġءء
ϾǶζ˶긣ĵܵҲóһ
գº󣬵һ¾ػؼңԾ
ϾҪȢ˰ ôأ
ĸֽĸȫɱΪһȥ˼ĸңĸһʮҲȫɾ˵Ϊ˲˷޵£Ӧ˵ĸǰˣΪ˲ѻ˴ĸһҶɵˡ߱ĸǴ棬׵
´Ȼʹ޴ţְТ˳ȻµĶӶԼ
öȥʥּʱҲѳӽ³ˣ̫ӡ
ȻһҪ游װ°ɡһߣʣµֵܶ˸׵ĳ谮Խ·ӣϾ֮ʱʣµĵܵһûȫˡ
ضԶܡ˵˼ĸ¡
жƼһٿ֣۹Ͳͬˡ
ûʾ׵ʱѾҪĸһ˰ĺˣôܲ£
ƷǵСֳܱܵͷȱģøΰأǶëͷСӣʲôȲ֡
Ʒ᣺֪ң֮ˣպмסǮˣһأȵ̫֮λҿֻдܵΣ磬˵ǲǰƼһ޵ҧֻüӱƴأ˵̫ʲôģԸɲˣ̫ӾǴ磬˭ô統̫ӣ͸˭
ص֧֣ܵиˡСľͲùˣҪǿ˳ۣγͰŪʡպٽ֪ĸѰ
Ƽ֪⣬ȡܵܵ
ƷⱲۻľǱ˿Դһ˶ûɱһ˼ĸȫңһɱͬĵܵܣվһԣζˡ
ҺıغƼ֪ɫףһûõӣЦ
ƷƴͷԳá
غƼ˵ˣ߷ֱͷ£ϾҪϽ꣬ûȥš
һ˵ӹȣ˵ӹļҽּ
ǧˣǰս֮ʦºӹһգǰռһ£ٽǽּˡ
Ƽʹʣµĵܵȥʮǡ
;УƼȻȡĵܺܵ
ƷҲСƼʱ䲻Ҫ壬һ糣
Ʒȴ˼룬²֡
գƷῴչƿͻ룬վأ˰˽й
չƿһƷᣬ֪ҪˡƷᡰ࣬θߣ첻ǿոǿ֮
ܲģֻǰʺá
ƼֵεܵܵӪвϡĶû˵ΣҲ˵ԵܵǵĥĶܣǹܸƨ
һ£Χһʱ䶼˸ɾ
ƷǣȥչƿںϣˣǾҪġ
ϷѾܶˡ
չƿ˸񣬶ụ̣̂ǲӮֻˣԺҪ²ǲء
æѲôĵ£һЬٸϵһϵ͸ϽƷˡ
һ·ܳӪ
չƿȻСʱѧ䲻棬ҲǶţͣĲһʼӪгЩͷڿͷԶˣḻܸϵģڵӡ
ƷһӰܵϣѾӪԶˡ
ƷͣʱչƿֱӾſڵˣһˡ
ܻӪҪˡ
ƷȥˮѶ
չƿǿԸ
ƷѸˮǮǣ˵Ӱɡ
չ磿
Ʒ᣺ĸѾȥˡҪΪ죬˵رǸءҪӭΪȡĸ׵
չƿû̫Ծʹ󣬾ƷĻ
ƿΪνӣҲҪɱ𣿡
Ʒ湻ģûֵȴǴ硣絣պ𣬾Ҫȡǵֵģ硣ڶ𣿻ӣ
˲˿󲽣ٿĸǰ
չ硭
ƿ硭
Ʒγŭȣɱ𣿣
չƿͷܣҹɫУܿܵòӰˡ
Ʒվ˺һ̧ĨĨȥ
ױǣ
Ʒ᣺𣿵ôûã
һӣġ
Ʒ᣺һ֪ȥôأת죬˵չƿˣǣ
һ⣺ӣҪͻȥɣҴ״ȥô˵ĹӺ幫ҲǴĶӣӶС֣δػˡѾˣӿ϶Ǻ㣬ҴȽϺá
Ʒҡͷҷĺ忴ͬķϡȥ˴״ʲô
˵ӼǺô죿ܲԼ
Ʒã֪
Ͽ
ĵҪˣպǴĹˡɡôѹأ


605 ˲Ű
䱾һϢĸ߸ס
Ǻӹҵ֧ӵܣĹϵԶ߿дˡ
Ȼϵһ֧ȴչ൱ӵڶ࣬ɲŵҲ࣬ԵǱ߸һ֧Ĺϵ൱һҲѾסڳǶ䵽ȥ
ǰͿʼ
˵ҵҪĻֻҪȴҲ֧ˡ
ʳȹּ˶ҪԾͻڣÿ궼ӵﳤŻ棬û취ԡ
ӹⲻͬһֻҪ棬Ǿɵջ
Ϊˣڴǰ;ͰѺӹȻΪˡʱֵصȫūūֳʳȫᱻ׸ʵۡ
󣬸ӲʱФӹķʵأʵۿӹȵ֣ͣ
ӹȱصļգݴǵ걻ȾǨս
ҲƵļأϳɽķ壬ڷﻹдׯ
ΪʲôϻܵӹضǨˣֻܡ
ںӹȵİգһͨˣֻҪǨӹȣһ㲻ġֳۡۡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪںӹȣǸʲôģ̡顢֯ȵȣҪ
ڴ֮һٶӹûеڶְҵȫҪֵءֳĵأҲʱһȫҪȥֻٵĿ
һſʼմҵֵصķҲݻۣһһ꣬ʮʯ
޼ҵˣֻԼһֻʮʯںӹȢӣݣҪ
ĳһʱӹȰշ׷ӣΪܲ۵ķأߺٱץأ̣ҪӡΪҲûл·ӳȥˣͻܻȥ
տʼΪղò뾡취ԿۣΪ˿ڶ࣬ǲٰͷһһһˣʣµľԼ˵Ŀˡ
С׷ײգ˺ӹյʢ
ֱڣӹȰ۶ûгȥÿԱ밴˿սհʵۡ
ǲپýһˡ
˵˺ӹ³̸߼չ֮󣬾˵ףеĴ
Ҫǽе˼ͲֵˣҲϵҪĿô죿
ǾֻܰǮ
֪ڷޱҲû취
ȴ룬ǰ󣬿۵ǮѼҲ²أ
׾˵˸ף游ĸ˵ˡ游ȴ˵ʱܰͳȥ
游и˵Ǳ°ѺӹȻһ
һͷǣ³ˣ
ʵΪԱ죬ȥһ˷̨ӡ³
游˵ǣ˵µ
ҲǶģⲻܡ°Уӹȣⲻܣ
ܿ죬ͰѼ˶йȥ
ȻΪӣ游ûʸȥ
游˽ߺһ춼û˻ˣȴҲˣףŵü˲ᣬΪ游Ҫˡιʳˮ֮游ͻˣʱҪһҵ
һ֮£ԭģʵİѺӹ͸һ˵شӴҪĳˡ
ĴӾңѾŮΪ檡޶ǡ
ԺҪ̫ӵģҵһԸպӹգΪס
ĶʹӦˡ
һȥȫҶȥˡ
ʳҲˣΪȫѾ׳ȥˡ
ûҪôʳʲôѵǨ
ðЩʡ
游Ϊ׵ĴӣҿǾ
ѵ˵Ǹ
ʣĽ˭𣺻
Īǣʵǻҵˣ
Ϊʲô
û֪δʲôݣʲôʲôðιʵ۷˸
ҺתͷͰҸˡ
ѷֳ˴ССʮҲȫ˽
Ȼ޵ңǱҲûϡյϢȱ˿һ֡
Ҳǻңйء
̸ɽҪҪչߣ
ɽҲǴֲ֪ڸô죿
˾ͽڵһһʮȫȻ˵ˣȻԼѡҪӣ͸ҪӣҲеѱȰ͵ȫĵط
ɽȥѰȻˡ
ȻվұԺս˳ȥ̽ӹ̨̫Զˣɽ˵ˣһʱҲ֪ʲôͷ
Ҳ뵽˻ҡϾ䣬˻һ˭
ɽչѱ½
Ȼ룬ҡҡͷӣɴд˸ɽ͵Ǹǰȥ
ǣǻﱾˣҲڴʱͷ
ֻȫʧˣǿϧ
첻
ɽҲȻ취ϾҺȻ˨һ
Ȼչѣβ
ǲµġ
ϾȻ˵Ҫȥ顣ⶼѵͷˣ鵽Ǹ˭ģҲ˵˰ɣһоأ
ȻʱҲֻ˵ʵˣҲǴһϣ
˵˿Ҳֻһܾˡȥԭ磬Ѱһͯ˼ң͵£ټȫޣ֣رʯʾˣС
ɽ˶סˡ
ǽţֻһҡ֮ǰľ񣬽ţֻһңͯҡ
ݳͯūգΪͯǿʵ۵̴ӣֳƽͯĴս²֮
ʵûˣĻʵеͯңеĲţĲŵıˡ
ͯӵһĻʵǺɵͯң±Ʒǣֻ
ôĥĥģڰͯҸĥˡ
ҳͷ󣬾ͱͯҴˡ
ɽû뵽չȻѰͯҺˣǼҵһӵܣ
æʣǡأ治ˣȻͷʹѾˡ
ǡ
ǰĻģ˵ܴжܴҸһˣܰǽĺ𣿡ģұͷҽ𣿻кüء
ģҲڣ

Сӣͦ
˲ţ


606 
Ǳ롱ģľץġҲȴ϶˵ĲŸɣԶѻƹˣСȥŪˣһġ
չˡ
չ˽
ͷ͸߿չһۡǰչɵӵģʵչӡֻ̣˼칫ôҰͨôõĿء
ŶˣչʵҲ֪ǹȨһ
˵̨ûɵӣɵ֪űء֮⣬̨Ӧûбɵˡ
ֻ˵ڷ̨ϣ붷ֻܿ죬ܿǹ
ԱƵôССĹȫһ̵ı졣ΨһһܲȰץ˾Ϳģǳ
ȵˡȻߵ˵㣬¼ҲǸܸɵĻʵۣʵۣ˼
ϾǼҴı¡ôӣǿұ졣ֻƤëֻܣҲʱо֮

ŻģȻĲΪµġһ˵ûһŵQ˵ӡ̡
չ͵͵ģ
Ȼˣ˶ڷ̨ˣҲٷһȣ̨һˮ
Ͳͷܰⳡ
ǰʹ˶ۣ˶پ֣ͷػضܰ°
ͷӡ÷Ȼӡ
ٺ٣ѻȥűڴĴΪȥͷܸɣɱĴȥץ
ҪôˣҪףˣ
һ취ˣ̨ϳչһ˽㣬칫Ҳ˽ƣʵߵ˾ûһˣ
ɽû뵽ǣո˵䣬ϲˡ
Ǹ˲ţ
һξͷеϧ
ģִ˻иŵ㡣
ûŻ֮
ģ֮
仰˵ͱˡҾӡʮ꣬ɲˣװβ
ҵĽͶڻҡԽûûĽͶ£ҰץΪءаЩˡ
Ю
ɻģȻûġ
̽䣬ǷǾֱͶˡ
ĺϣһ죬ܰѧһһӣ߹Թֻʬ
Ǹδη˵Ľ֡
ֻĻҲѾⲻȥˡ
ðҸ潪ȥսˣԺȥɲȥ̣бȥ
ҲҪı£Ǹǹͷ
ûȥǰתһȦޡ
ΪҪѻҵı˳ľȥһˡ
󽫾ˡ
ڽлǳ˿ͷġѾǿͷˡ
ϾС̫ӡ
ȻֻһΡ
Ȼ³Զȳˡ˽С̫ϻΪ常ĻױдһѪΪƾ֤
дС̫ӵͷΣ˫¼Ҳͷߣ³赸ƾ֤ˡ
³ʱ³ƣڡдΪƾ󽫾ŷġ
ˣ³˵ƭ
³Ҫ̫֮λǷݡ³δ㣬ļҽҲŻˣıҲ³šǮû˿֮
ֻһմС̫ɱط̨ء
ǡʱһ˵
һʱûϳߵļҽϳˣȳӵ֡
ģ
һɣġ
ҲûĥȻﻹЩսűһΧֱӹˡȻշһЩҲȷʵûٵĴ档
ֵýۣһµһͲһ
ļŻЦģպҪͬΪˣǰʲôڣСڴ˸䲻ˣ˵գΪʲݵҾһҾ۾ŻߵĻҼҽǴȥһһָ
˰붮벻
µġ
ɻһġ˴³ġ⸽ֶ˰
ô
ټߵļҽսƷһֲš
ߵһҽС˵ˣǲͶԲҪһԱ£
԰㲻ȷš˱䣬ȻΪԱ¸ʾ㿴µĶ򲻹ңȻҸá
ղŻǾ仰
Ҳ³ˣ
ֲá
³ˣôѰϻˣ
ĵ֪ͷʾԺΪ
ҲҪѵѵ
΢΢ʾ⣬Ӧս˾Ͷˣǰˡ
ſˡ
սڣ㵽Ϊֹ˸ĵ˲ʱãáȻٰѶԷ
ɫͺÿˣ͸죬͸ڡ
ԾԼѡպµģȻҪҺôպҲáġЩҽȻǼģսϲǲʹҲǷ̨ЩɵӲŵĽսϲúô£浽Ƿϣѡû·ս򲻴
Ҳɲˡ
ôԼµˣĸ壬ٰʮȻҲܸԶͰѻߵֿ
ǻﱩ𣬻һȺ
ºҲˣûֿԼ߷ֿͷģȴǻԼһ˵ĹˡһʼɱһҲȫ廨ͷ
лĿЩҼҽǾ͸ϲˣǲݰŸ
ôһսȥһſٺİ˸һ̫棬ʱ򱻻ĲҲǱȻġ
Ȼս꣬Ѿûһվֱˡ
ҲѾڵòܸˡ
վҲסˡ
Ҫ̣˵ϳˣһˣǰһ䣺ĳĸڻ󽫾ǰһ
⻰Ҫһʼ˵Ǹӣѻߵȫˣ˵ǳȰˡ
ȴһҪġˣȥСˡ
Ҫ¡
һģ³˻ģͲӣߣ
ڶĽȫˣǲ³˼³ǲǹҪ
³Ϊûбˡ
ʳ³³ҲڴˡСȻʵȨݲߡԾֻʣ³ˡ
Сһߺһȥʽôã
ȺŪš
СͶˡʼ棬ɹԹͲôȥˣ󾹶
ã̽һأ˵ҪŻҵıߡ
С˰ѻҾӪݸˡ
һءֻҪͣ̾Ҫˡ
ѵҾܲʳֱоҪµݲŸҶǰнڣҲ߲
û
ͰʾߵļҽȥӪйꡣ
Ӫоͷʼ¡ûټԼϹ٣˵ûΪ³ΣЩǾԶԷ׼ȥˡ
˵гˣ̯ȫʳ
Ȼ³Ǿȥ³˵ģ
ģ˲ܽӪշĴʱŶ³Ĳá
ƷҾΪ˸ɱĻᣡ
ǰʮ춼죡
ѹ˻ƷҾҪı£
ĻѪˣо̫Ѩ˹Ĺ죬ñսĸ
ڽǰ
ԸΪģ
Цԭ㵱ʱڰǰ˵Ǻġ
Ĳٷ֣ϴСӺͿҽƱ硣
ͷʵ˵Ҫˣ̧ͷһЦ˵ɡ
һüѪҲĶˣˣɾûˡ
ЦСӪҪǶǾͶڵӢˡ
һ㶡ǲģҰ˳ǸеǮͨ飬ǺһЩɺҲӵúܡ
һһӪ˵ȰѻǽɱˣٰΧһĸɱ˶ʮͰ˸סˡ
ɱ̫ʹˣһǹһʱӪάΪЩұܳӪȥͱڸˣˣһͨҼȫȥɱһЩ͹ˡ
ɱֹңǶԵģҲǶԵġĵӢһ㣬Ӫе˿Ҳ׷
Ҽҽڣû߹һеģһȥŲӾ͸ˣһǹιϾͶһͷ
ΧֻһûУ߾͵һȦĻң
ڵкڴˣ߲ɱ
飬ʼΧȫˣ֮紵ˣһ紵һƬˡ
֮󣬻ľʹȺıȥӪҪץˣɱˡ
ֵѹǰ󲻵һʱ
ӪͶ˻ˡ


607 嵽±
û򻨼Ҽҽ⣬۲ұܾˡҽǴСɲţܵǸߵϴԽҡǿڹġһ룬ūͨճò׽ӴˡʿıߣܵʿĽ˵ڸıһ죬ͼĲֹǺԶ׼С
ҪңζҪʿײȥ
ôأǶûҪңҪ׳ңⱲӾֵˣ
ұûҡôߵȵϴԽҲܾõ˻ҵıͳʿˣ൱ҵıбһ㡣
ǽཫ㣬ڱĽƺȫ
ڻңֻܵҵıҵҵıҾȥ
˼пܱεľС֮⣬󲿷ֵͨʿûʶ
ұѾˣ̣ҲˣûؼˡܲؼңʿⵣǡľҲճϢӡϲѪ˻඼ǲò
ǾֻܵˡѾ˼ӵƽͷգֵأ飬һ㣬Ҫȥȥӱץȫҡ
Ǿֻˡ
ڻŵģܲ˵󡣿ٴҲԶôȥջ硣
ǰ棬ھ̨︽Ӫôǻؼҵ·лҼҽӪйţʿʹֹҲû˸ҷ
ﲻˣҽվţʿǵȻҲĻš
û
ٺ˶ˣӪͻȻһ룬ʿȻ̡̻
ٺ˶ٽ˹ǣҽȫˣӪֻʣ¼СͳܣЩСǳ˴ղҲʲô֪
ͷ˶һãȻ֮ɫͷ˵ȻͿˡ
ǡʱࡰϢˡ
Ӫ֪ˡ
ȫ³ˣ˴³Ĺǡ
³ҪʺǸ
Ϊʲôǲط̨Ҫ
Ϊʲôط̨̲Ƕ
˵ǲǽҪ
ҪͶ³
ܰɡǻʵ۵ĽôͶأ˲Ҳ֮£ôɣ
˵ǱҪŲòͶ³
˵³أ
ûˣǴ̣ʳԹˣ
˵³أ
˵³˽һӣ
˵Žȫ³أ
³ȻȻľڽʿĿˡ
ӪжղҽԺ˵³˲ģŶӪеʳŭڣ
ӪʿǵĿоֻʣһӡ󣺻ŭˣ˼һǰǵˡ
ɶ
ǰӪżжôһĳĳӣĳĳܣʹӪȱȻ󽫾ͻȥĳǳؽǵĶӾͲٰˡ
˵³˲Ͱˡ
³Ҳǰ
ѵǻ³
³һŭ֮£Ӫе
ŮˣŮƢϲŭҲǳ
Ӫе˲⻨Ͷ³ˣˣüβأôõ³أ
³˶֪
³ʱ³Ҫģ˷̨̨ĴҲɫʺ֮λǴִǡ
˵뵱ʺˣ˻Ҳ˵ƢӴ˾ͱ˰
ǻԣ
Ӫ˾ֹһŮˣƢٴźŲˣҲ檣ôŮ˶ᣡ
ҲƢҲСһ˲
˲³ǲӷΣܱȵù³ĪʲôǾˣ
Ƕҵôڴˣ
һʱΧ˵
ɢȥҲһ˳ӡ
ҪʵۣԼȥӪе˿ûɷʵۡ
Ͷ³Ȼͼһ󣬿ͼĲշ磬ˡ
ǵʱҲǻʵ٣ʥּΪƾ
ֻǻԼ˽ġƾʲôһȥأ
ûǵķݣȴǡ
ȻӪջĶɱ˸ɾʣµȴȻһᣡ
ٱڻȥˣ
Ȼ֪ʱѾˡ
ңҲȥˡ
Ĵլӣݻͥҡһ䣬һĽΡ
³δҲˣֻ
ʱȴѾˡ
С黹һһ񣺡Ҫڽһתֻǣһշĺã
ﱻС̫ӡԻˡȻڱסδɱѾ˾֡³ͳбǡ
ǽᣬ󣬲Ϊ͵ӡ
ΪԼסţС̫ӵһǰͷ⣬ԡ
ѳɣ³Żɫ
Ϊ³ļС̫ӻسԲŻȡ
ɣֺγС̫ػط̨ԻһŮӣһ׶ĵȿΪ֮䣬ΪΪ͡
ִ룬Ҫʲôϸͬ赣޲ӡ
Žһʧ˷ԽԽ
ڵﲻͬˣߵˣɲˣĵӪΣˣŲǧѡͲţܰ˶շˣ
վڽ̨ϣĴϺͷһ˵
ǵģ
ģ̲Ǯãԣ׳ɻûôõ£
ھ͸ǣˣﲻˣǸų򣡣ث֣ˣ³ˣ
¶ʱ
˰ѻҽͷ­߸ڳϣӪ߸˿
㲻ĻҼҽǵͷﰡȷʵˡ˻ˣ֮ǣû˹ˡ
ʿǶʱͿ
Ǳðһģ磬ӪⶼǾڻУ滨̣ʵ۳
ڻҲˣҪô죿
ؼңûоǸܾӱȫҡȫ壬õˣūɣūûвƲķӡأ檣ȫ١
ԲӰҲӡ
ڡǸȥĶأ
˸ȥȸ³ɡ
µ˵Ȼ˲ϡ
ǻʵ۵ıһģⲻУ
˵ôУû˹ˣܻ磬ҲҰͣţݴ̨ܵȥһʵǸô죿϶аʵйǰҪһȥʡ
ˣ³
³˭ǲһ㵱ϻʺˣڻʵûӭʺڵأʵһˣҲ϶ܼʵۣܰǵ¸ʵ˵ûʵǵ
ͷ
³ȥ˭Ҹǣ˭У
Щٶʲô칫չУ
Ϊʲô
ΪǶеİһ٣ٱ⼸ţ췴ʵۿ϶ˣʵҲ϶
Ͷ³ûˡ
ǸŮ˰
˵Ů췴
ң³ȱưԸǡ
ܽһŮ˰һһٸɵģأԵʳܶѳɽһ죬һ˵Ҳ°ɣô׳ģɵǺ
ҲȥˣϾ³ȱ
۸ˣҪȥһ£ƽʱѲѲӣһмС֮
ϾǸŮˣĽҰסţ¡
Ϊ֤ԼԷ飬ĵ˼ٺˣȥѲΧĻȺ˳˸о⣡
ڶΣֵ⼸ٺҪߣһδȥĲˣӪſڣΪβǣֵܲʹҵȵձЩзˣ
ǼٺҲⰡ
ջѡһˣҪҵȵ£
ۿҪ˵ǾͶȥѲԶһ㣡
һΣһǧ˻ֵˣİѵſڣһȺɱ˳ԣҲü
󣬺ž㣬ƮӪǣ
ȵΣĵϾͼ˺üǰͶϵ鳤Ӫн١
̾˵ѲҲҪô˰еĻǿϲϸɣ
ͬԸǣ
İϲű˵Ӫ˶շˣ
ʣµĻҾҲ˵
ԥҪˣҲǲУֻҪʱҪȵЩۿﵹ̨пܡ
˵ˡ
յٱö١ҿԳû취ӱұֳɵֻлһ֧ˡ㿴Ű졣
⻹ʲô˵ģ
ķ´ԸʱҪҲ벻ջġ
ЦеİѻԼҲˣǸ÷
̸÷˸ʦĹ٣յкȥˣʹӳʮȥ
˵ҽȥһˣҽ˵ûʲôǸ˾ţ˿ͷˡ
ȥһΣҪԵþİٱ
ҽҲҰĲᣬһһ׵ģⶼǿұ죬ʱȽŲܲģƤһҪҪ˵˵ȻҽҪ
ȥʱҽ߸ĸİ˵ǾʮԵñȻĶˡ
һ㣬Ͱ˵ҵļҴ֮ܡ
䱳Źϱء
ʲôܣ
˵СʱҪ
䣺ҼСʱӰ
Ҫô˵ҵĲ֮ءնӣǵ㿴˭ĺӴ룬Ůȥˡ
Ӹߣ󣬴ʢĺʣƽʱҪ˶ܶùİһˣϱĵأס
Ҿ˵еھͱסˣ㻹һأ
һۣðˣһۣӶ˵ˣһۣӶҪˣŮĸԸ
ǲңҲ˵
ڲúˡ
䣺Ҷ뱲ˣٲѧ㣬ֻⱲӶȥˡ
òɽʱֱ׳Ⱳʲô±ӽ㣬϶ҲҪһ˵ˣ
ᣬץƳȥ
һͣ˱žߡŻȥšţûŽп
Ա߷ЦߣͽڸСܵء
Ҫð
ˣҪһϲţ͸ˡ
Բ۾ԵôˣҪų


608 ̫
Ůʳ֮
ʱĶ˶࣬˵ôģôģôġ
ֻӺΪİãûԭ
䣺㲻ҲϲңһһΡ
ϲһΣٰϲһΡ
гϢڡ
𣬻˽ʳˮƲˡ
뽪һ׾ƣſӡ
䣺ԭҪģڸˣͷָ̫鷳ڻɻľͷˡ
䣺ǻأһ֪ôáöãüΣҪˡ
ⶫֳԷһԣӾˣǧһɣ塣һ־ץͳԸ֪£أϵ㣬ҲָݵĺС
͸ִľɶһֲܰ˯ȥֻֻҪʣȾһ׻Ľһˣ浽ֳĿڱǣԣȫϽܵĶԶԶʤϸܵġ
뽪䣬ޣѡڶܸ֡¸̵ӡʱŮ֮£УҲֻһ˵Ӱ
ȴ·ҲƷͨΧƵƽ֮֡
ļ
Ȼ㡣
ѾپļƶǻˡļƸõİ飬õ飬õļͥǺ¡
ųһʣк𣿡
һڴؿ
Ϊʲô֪
ڻ֪¸¾֪ˡ
ͻȻе㾪ϲҹֱס
㲻۰ԣ񣬽ˡһ£ƻȥɺá
䣺Ϊ㲻ٸˡǸ⣬֪ġΪΨһһˡ
룬˵ʵͺϣõ١
Ͼ͸šš֡
Ц˵ǴŶΪ¶ʲôȥġ治ǡԽ׽ˣһ˼Խ١Ҷ㣬ʲôڴʲôĶУǺǻǼͣǻޣν
䣺Ҳأ
֪Ѿ˺ܾˡ
ϸ룬˵Ҿͻһֱߡ³ʱһȥ̳ǡصֳǺһ٣˲ͷҵ̨ʱ򣬻㵱š
ɴۣɵȥǻʲô
ǲɸŮˣЦǷޣ
ҲЦкβɣҿеˣı¡㲻̣ҹƾͻҺˡƺĲУշһӦѡĪҲ̳ˣƻһˣУºͽҲá
һʱֹֹ߲һգĵˡ
ЩһûҪѱ
ʵİɣ
ȥһף˵ȷ⡣׽ôûӣ˵㣬ҲûϵպҲû¡
§ס˵㲻뵱ʵۣ
﷢Ц˵ܵܵ
ɿ飬Ȼ˵ҪǾһܵ
治֪Цÿޡߵ˱Լı¡
Լأ
ҡҡͷҵҲ֪·ߵǸʲô·ֻһߣߵ˭Ҳ֪յʲôе㶮˽˵ʲôȻô̡
պԼҪȨƣȥãҲ𡣲Ǻǻĸ׵ģܰȴܱ֤ʲô˵
ںӵϣܷſˡ
Ԥ˵ģȴûʲô
Ļһ˿䵭û˵
ǵĺӣҪǣĺӡպҪ浱˻ʵۣǹĸǻʵ۵Ĺ
ҪԵΣעҪȱ˸ӡ
еܵأ
Լôأ
䲻֪Լô죬Ҳ벻취ֻܰЩⶼŵԺڴԺа취
ŽĶӡ
˵Ѿеڶˡ
ĸΪʡ
ЩպעҪԸĲۡǵˡ
ڶ죬ȥרĴˡ֣ʢͰȥˣĴ㳡㹻ˡ
Ӵ˺ÿӡ
һһɫѿ̲ס򽪼ԡ
ýСˣСŮӣôأǴûôŮģ
ЦһЦǱţģӣǸ֣ҲûʲôָһԵʵŮĿǰҪǣɳ
͹ˡ
˵˼غ֪ǵòֵ֧ģתȥ䡰ȥ棬뾡취ûεСŮϲĶ
ɹغҲ䲻һֱʧˡ
ĶǶУ׸絽ˡ
׸ӷ̨·ϻȥּƼˡԵ˹Ǻ󣬴ǵһֵϢ
Ʒˡ
Ƚһ£ڶϢͽˡ
ʵ۷Ϊˡ
˵ǻʵ۷ģ˭֪칫ɵһ
ͷ
һͻȻòԣó͵ĵڶʥּֿʰ׸磺ʥּ³𣿡
ֹ³֣κԡȶ
׸ҡͷ
Цˣʣ׼𣿡
׸ҡͷ
Ͱʥּӵһˡ
ֻԹߣð亹
յĿӰ
칫ǣҪˡ
ӦþǲĻˡ
Ȼ϶ǶģܵĽλ̫ˡǰҲȷʵûҪӴЩƼҶҪˣű󣬻̾͹ˡ
ǰҲǸäڣ˵ԼĻˣżҪС˵һʡ
ǸͰˮܵĽģʽȴһģͨʿ˻Ҫߵһ㡣
ɵǷu
¶ʱô͵ʷɣٽοٵηַ⡣
һζ˵϶ûõ֪ʶȥҲ϶һθһѧûá
Ҫ̨ʱҲշuʱȰѴʷҳѧϰһ
ڰ׸䵱ʱ֪˺ܶûʲôã㡰ʶĶ
ʶ֮һǣʵ۷Լһʥּܷġ
Ҫȡͬ⡣˵òĴкָ˸ֵܡ
˴֮ǻֻΪпġ
֮任Ҫ֪һк³ˣֵпһȾư
ԸһأͻظһΪףءأͲ
֮ʹʳײˡ˿ɴ
³ĳΪû˻Ӧʮ꣬Լˡ
⣬һ¾Ҫйд󹦡
ڵļŴʵ۽÷⣬󹦷ﶼģʵֻܰǸ׾ٵĿˣΪ⹦̫ˣ
˿ʵԼܿֻܰϧ˰ֻ߰꣬һ˵ˣ༸úõĴء
ʲôأ
׹ȼݡ
Ƿ̨ĻȼǱְ
ΣȢ˳
Ȣһʵ۵Ĺùþܵ
վסš
ǻˣĵһ¾Ҫֵܴк
һûӵʥּ϶Ҫζ⣬˵ô׾ͷˣѵһ˼֮
ֱ
һ¡
ʰ׸磺칫²𣿡
ö˶˵ģƷʲô
ڻû·̨ĴȨܲϣԻκһ
ҪһڿڳԣҪһ
ļƻУһĻ
칫ǰˡ
Ҫ
ڸ⡣
칫ʲô
׸練ѵ㾹
Ҷֻǲôá


609 ӹ
׸˺ܶࡣ
ǰ꣬³üҲһɳõúܡھͳȶˣӼϵı鶼ģԹҲֻ۾У䳰ȷһɡǸɵӡ
˵ʵ۸Ȧ˷أںӹȡ
ӹȣ
򶨣۾Ҳˡ
׸ЦҽǰгתһȦˡӹȣֻͱΪ֮˰ɣ
ҪҪҪʳǺ𣿺ӹȻܵӹȥˣֳɵİѱݣܹ
ӹ֣ȻӹҲ֡߼պӹΪ˶ҡȻںӹȵĲáؽͣңͲҲǮģȻµ޷ǰ̣Ʈǰ̣ҲֻĿԶ˲ܿõ͵סӲȥűߵǮ
ˣϾ
ĿȴǴˡ
ڣ칫Ѻӹȸˡ
ǸʲôģҲģӹȣܲĶóȥ
칫ԸЯͬü԰ˣ֮϶ҲҪһġ
µ˴ʱ˿̣ͷӶϵͷ
ŻʵҲû͹ͷ
Ǿ͸
һκʱܹ˱Ҫɵ
ɻְ֣Ѻӹ׳
Ҫӹȣˡ
ͷӣͷӡ
׸Ϊʡ칫Ըͬ۵ġ⡱Ҳһҷӣۿ

˼󣬾ȥˡ
׸粻֪Ҫȥ˭ߵʱǺƽȻģȻ֣ŭ壬лˡ
žչҲ𣿡
رϵķϣûУںӹ𣿡
׸粻ţ
ضı׸š
̾ʵǸ߿ˣôֻǷչƵĵز֪϶ȥǿĿɽ˭֪ܵӹȥأǰ㲻֪鰡
׸绹ǲţתͷȥһˡ
ŸС飬Ҫܣ׸͸˵ͶҲ
ֻҪġ
ͼ׸һһڣŭһһͣһ죬ڡһܣ˴ñ׵˳ȥ
⽪˰ʰġ
æȥҽΡ⼸ҽѾְϱ¼ˣ˵һ·ҪѶǱĸĸ˵ĳİο׸磺Ӻҩⲡõġֲµģҩͺˣ
һȥͼ׸һֻ˼аĸ첲ĸԴ󷢣һĸ첲ʣ𣿡׸ʣԺ󡭡дˡ
Ҳóȼ㻹һֶֻֻ֡ˣнţҽ˵úأҽŤһ£ôЪʮ¾ͺˡ
֮׸簲ˣҲQˡ
ɵİ׸ʮֻʱȥҲ˳һôɵڡһ
׸Թ޵ؿһۡ
ԭûǱƭˣڱţ϶ҲѾˣѾ֪ˣǲӵĻǴȥ˵аһϣӴϴĸ棬ˣ
ﲻϡ
׸ţڶˣѵûʶ
أҵ³ȣڴˣ
׸磺ô˵ʲôʱ߾ߣΧŵı㣿ҲߣҵûãȻߣ
׸Ҳɵܿ췢ڱǿڴˣһʼ϶Ͷġ
ʼʻﵽôġڽ⣬ͿʼʻǺʱ뽪˽ģ˵Ϊ˽ɱζʵΪӢۣ滨Ĩڣ
̣϶ôôó׸˵˶ٵĻŰѻ˶ͷˡ
á
СС˰׸һ£΢˰ڱ칫סԹ󣬽תͷҪôԸӹˡ

Ҫܻʱ
֣칫Ҳݲ
ֺαżأǺǡ˵ҪĵȻǺӹȡ
ȻºӹȣҲشˡ칫ľ֣߲ʣҲߣ칫ˡ
ԼʹˣС飬ϵĺӹۼΣΡ
СͰѰӽˡ
ü˵ֻʮǮһ£˵г϶˺ܶðĺӹ
Ӧ˵ֻҪԳǺӹȲġ
Ϊӹǽֻǿ̧۶ʵݡֻҪֺӹͻǽ
˵ǰӡǸġ
ȻǮ̸ȥģҲǶǮҡ˻ӭĳ֮Ǵֽ˷Ĵֽ
ǼٻֽҲǼٻֻҪңǾͲٵˡ
ֽ֪ԱߵĽغذġ⡰ӹҲǲ֪İ
ܾܳԿҪԹһܵĻͿʡܶǮˣ
ҡͷС٣ǼٵĺӹҲղ󣡼Ǯһᡭһɡ
ӵӶɳˣ뷴ְѻ˻ȥʼԱ߿ţЦˡ
ʼǲʲô仯
ЦӹȶһҪ֮ǰѺӹգ
̲ס˵ʳģÿﶼ᳤ӹȴ˵һ죡ʱѾˣ
е˶е㵨ӡŵӼ˵̫ǮˡûôǮѾǷ˺ܶˡ
˵õ˭ǽˡ
԰ÿһŹͬϸ£潪ǷһծµǴֽǮû취Ǯ˵ҪǷһ꣬Ƿʮ꣬ʮ궼пܣ
ǲһǷ滳ЩôÿֻûȥһǷ߸˵ġΪܱǮ
ʼҡҡͷЦӣӹ߼ۣͲںӹ˺оͱǮһεǮ
˲䶮ˣǺӹ˺ǻ𣿡
Խʱתúܿ졣
ӹһΪķأǾζźӹȵﳤһòݶģÿһʳġӹֵԽߣԽˣ
ҲԽܷ֡
Ժӹ˵Ҳǰ׻ӣ˵ںӹȻûıķأѾˣӹȵաҲܰеһж͸ǿ϶ġ
ʵأ̨أһ֪ںӹȵ£Ը
ģֻƸۡ
ӴУٵĺӹ߼ۣǺӹȵһģ
ԹŲܼٺӹҪ˶׷ӹ˽֪
ӸռԼͨ˹ļƻֵ˻ֻʳļ۸ôߡ϶ᱻ˷еⰡ
Цͨǲֵᷢġ˷ˣҲ޷˵˲ȥǮ
Ǯ׬ôף˭᲻һأ
ӹȣҡ
ԲʵѾּһǮ
̲סȥ˸ס
бթ
˵Ҳô롣˵ǡ˹壬Ҫҵȴŭ
ǻ˸ϳȥ
䣺ˣ͸ˡȻ󡭡
Ȼ˷ͷжѾ˵ʳ˵ѸҲˡ
ڹʵеˡرӻѾʳһˡ
ĸֹңҲ˲ҵʳ
֦Ҷï֧ȴʢġҲиֻǿյ
ǰǰ׻ӣֻҪгԲʳܻıǮ
˭أ㱻֪ˣֻҪǸ峤ǮʣµҲһСƵˡ
ˣ˿ɲֹҡһֱԡ
Ǳ߾ûٶൢ飬ˣǮ֮һʳȥˣٸʣµġһѺߣһ¸Ǯ
ȥʱֻʣһˡ
̡
ЦǸˣ
üأ
ЦѾˡⲻǻٶ׬㣬ӣҪǸˣֻϴǮˣ˸һȥȡӡӡʯΡֽҪʲôУ
Цֻ߲ˣһ֣


610 
˻ȫ㡣ҴҸ˲Ͱ˸ץȥϻûžͱѶ˸סˡ
ΪһҲݣҪүү
ϧʮүү̫ĸĶӣʱѾʮˣûˡ
ʮ֮УĸǸΪúòűȢŵСޣ˶ǰ漸ֵܵĶ֣ĸüױʮ󣬶ʮڶʮʱвֳָׯӺһٶׯ
ʮžԴΪˡ
ݸߣʱлȽϿǰȴôԣÿָճɻǮ
ȥҿʼ˽ʮԼû취˳ȥֻð峤
һһкֻܶ࣬ܿعǿѡ
˭иĵضأҵضֵ࣬ǮֵǮĶǵءӵУѾǻúõˣеׯ
ֻҲ˴ơ
ʮҲܷˣֻЩǮĶܵҵȥʦ飬Ȼһֱںӹǲܳͷġ
ɽ³̣
һţûôȰʮžͰˡı峤ֲý´ѸһҵĶˣЩҲָŵճɹӣ峤̶ýˣҲֻš
ϵĺ£˭ŲɣǵĵضڳأԺˣСĵ֪
˲٣Ǯȴֻ߳ɣʣأ
ǰŴʮž͵ˡס䣬һɵˣ
ȫװݣùþ˾岮үү磬бСϱºӾָ˵ȥүүȿޣޣ
ȱĸ죬Ǹ
ҲΧԽԽ࣬ٱ峤֪ˣֻ˵ȥ˵ȥ˵λС
˺ԣ£СҲӲģҲˣ
ͷһƣû˭ϳˡʮүǰͷ
ʮںͷҲȥ
һ˻Ѱֹ
û취˰
ţڽ£˿˵ϻǷǵǮأץˣǮǲɣû취ֻ˵йţ
ʲô
ֻǲ𣿡
Ѿ˰
æҲģй˸߼ۣضһı
̾˵˵Ǳ𴦶ûֵˣǺӹȻԲˣ
ǰǰ
˵ǻץץ˳ǣ
öǶû˰
ûţ԰ǺڱָʹģбأֱץסҪҪɱ²ǵһ ˡæˣһˣߣ֪ǵĵӡӰҽȥа취ôϢŭǣһģ
⻰˵ȥˡ
˿ɲˣ
ʮȷѣղŲ˵ԭֻµ峤ѣ
峤Ÿͷܴ˶֪ġҲжﴫ
˵ӹҪˣҾҪһˣ
ٱ˵һŮ͸˴ӡ
ٱ˵Ӿպ̫ӡ
üǼȼ˷ܣе㲻
ʮҲᣬĶŮ͹ȥһܽй˿УҲ컯ˡ
ӹȻ̫Сˡ
ҵ̫ˡ
Ǵռźӹķ֮һĵ̡ɴֻеļռˡ
ڽϹͨյӣһҪճϢϳУе˼Բ
ʮö߳ӹȰʦľǶиõĳ·ȻںӹҲֻ̺⼸ĶĵأһӻöӶ飬ΪٰȵһأǰضȥԺԽԽֻӣʣµأҲ䵽Ϊ
ôһңǶʮ˵ȻǺϢ
Ҳܽжǽݡ
ΪˣҪǮ
ȻǼٽʳܸʲô
Ҫֻٰ
ھзˡ
Ҫ̣ʮŵ˲Ը⡣ʮŻиͷа취ù˲ǺβȥأĹϵһֱô⡣
ǲܴӦġ
ʮǲ廰룬¶ģλԺʣµǮû˸ԲԣȻˣȰˡպǷҵǮǷǵˡ
һʮžҲ֧ˡ
룬ͷǮҲˡ
ŵѰߡ
ֻһ˸˵£Ͳˡ
ǰŰؼңϣ峤ˣҪߡ
游ţûа취ֻȥ
û뵽ûüʲôͲˣĲ
ȥԹǱǼʲô
̾游ҩ˵żˡӵθڿɴĺܣδιñأ
Ϣϲ棿
ʲôǻ£Ҳ䲻źá
æϴʣʲô£˵ʲô
ҡͷ˵ʲôүүأţʲô֪
䲻⣺ô˵ôƶ
ϣûҲǶģԼȥ룡ˡ
˼ңŮͶ£æ˵Ҳ¡ЬȥӰɣ
Ц׬ǮҲԼΣʲô
޸նЦҲŶ껪ҲҪȥǰԼģŮͶӼ״ͷЦ
ֽŮͶǶȥ˵Խ˵ԽˣźӵҲЩ
˵ӣôܶȥ𣿴õôˣǿЦ
Ц˵ɵպ˶װýȥΪֻǳѵҪŮ̺򣿲Ҫںװλǲ𣿡
ʱ統ͷȣ͵վ԰
Ь˲ϴͳ˳ȥ
ܵ游ڣæʣҪ𣿶ںεأ
ת˵طûҪġѾˡңֻӲˡ
ֻҪһĻѾͷƤ飺ܲöҪ˰ɣ
ҿ϶ҪԵءǱߡլһ°ͣɲǸżˣ
һ£˵вûжǮֵǮʲô
һǵأ˿ڡ
峤Ǯһ㣬ܽһǲöˡ
峤Ҳɵû㹻ĺôǲԸҵġ
ҡͷֹשʯľһڣ׳Ҳһڣ䱦ҲСƵġǰͷǻǮģͷǺġǰûǮ͹澣ǰſǶܻ
һɣǴǸʲô˼
ſ˭ء
ͳȥһŮȻӲû˸߿һۡڵóô


611 
סұԺȻǸˣȴ˵ͷʥּ֮ǰҲ˴ӹգԲͷһѡҡ
Ϊռ࣬࣬ͷ༸յĹϵǣࡣ
Ϊռĵطá
ºӹգġ
ԺȺɫҽȢŮӦˣɣŮرȡΪ֪ġ
ԾѾͿʼټӵܡ
ȫӦˡ
֮Ҽ˺˵ΪɵͿʼ⣬ŮҲʼƼԼá
ػǴӦˡ
ҿʼˣ˽ǵҪ
ӹգҶһǡ˵ǳǣǽߴ󣬳ҲûйʵҾӵС
СԱѡΣ峤ǡ̫ءʵ۴µͷڡ˰塢ӡﶼϵ峤š
˳Ľá
ĳǣֳɵǿ϶ǲеġ˳ǵĺôڣѡַǵľ붼ԶҲǡǡáǰɹ˿ء
ûϹս°پҲʶս֮ˣڿ˳ڴ˵صλú󣬶ΪǵĲ֮ѡ
ǰǣҪҽ˳ó
ζţҪȫǨ
ΣҲΪƾһʥּҹԹ԰ѳóǻҪƵáҵˣ⹩λþˣƵǲ˭Ŀڣųˡ
ΪǿԼԹ͡
Լסҡ
ңլ
峤вǰ岮úܣᵱ峤Ϊĸ׺游峤游ȥ󣬸׸žȥˣֻõ峤
Ȼ峤з˲ࡣ
塢үү˶ǣС¶Ÿ峤ͷҲܲסʲôˡ
ԣѧһϡı졣Լﻹĸĸسмڣⶼǵյ׵ˡ
ԼҲȢӣһסһôܺ
һҵĶˡ
ڽ̶Ӷ飬ͷСӣСڳһſھˮѾ˵ĳֻһ߶д֣һչ˶ӣʱʱĸӲˮԹŲҪʶˣʲô
Ͳ󣬿ͷĵڶ飬ſ϶ֶӣƨƨƨƨʲôһֻֽĻӣһƺͷϣûӰ죬Եܵ˵дˣҿ
ף͵ԼҲ
ֱˣ˲ŶȻɡ
飬˵±ϣȥ÷ɡ
ԴŵܵҾӸˡһ̧ۣòһϵĶһҡһߵżǰѿӣСˮ
ˮǰʯϣúܡ
Եɶӣӿ궶һŴϿӻһҾԹԵǸ״𷣡
ѾЦˡ
ҪϴǵĽ̶ӣ׵˵ˣһϣҲȥˡҲȥɡ˵գȥˣһߵҲȥˡ
Լˣ̱ӣСƨƨ̹ٻˣȥǽôܼǲסԱ߻һ壺ƨƨֿƨƨˣСסڵЦֿˡ
ԣϽСǲסˣӣռ˵磬ƨƨСʱϰߣ̵ģ
ԣô֪ĲˣҲԩҲֻô˵һأôͼǵôΣ
һ·ȥ;ͷֿˡռδȢޣĸһ÷ѾȢޣȻǻȥӡ
Եɽã޸ʱ˴ʵļױƽʱ޸ܺá
ϼԱŶӽ̹ӭӡ
Է¶ӣϣϳԺ
С΢ԣЦ˵ءʳ¹һʼˣʳʲô䣬ʲôóԣ
ʳζɫ׶ˮɢ
³ѾƪרΪʳˡǰҾǼƣǻƶʳ֮ãһֱҲ
ֱУϲǳأʲôԲ£ˮȲˣ˵ˮζ
ɽʳķӣƣƳĶѩ׿ɰͦϲġ
Բʳüĳɽһ͹ģϰƪﶼѾгˡ
ܽǣʳµһ֮Ůƶ
ƶ߿ʳƷ򵥣ܹɽҲƳɡʳԿɣɣͬʳɣͬʳɡ
Ծͼǵһƪ˵о֮֮¶˵ʲôһ𣬼ȴֲʧԼζ߲ӣҲ˶ġⲻǾ
ǳ֮ͬʳ
Ծûһأ־Ȼһ൱֮򻨽ͼٽʳϣζ
ϳ󣬾ȻָθڡӴ˾ճˡ
һ¹ʳȫԵĶӣСֻʳ
ȳ꣬ˡ
ֻôҴҳȥ
ϱС˯ǵ֪ӳȥǲΪ˶ڵ¡
ϣֻ¡
ҪҪ˰
ϣôţҲҪ˰ɣҲ֪һҪˣֻ֪ѾΪǳܾˡ˵ԸѼױȫó§̾һһǮôֻ㾡Ҳǲһ
һҪôǮ𣿡ЦԣҪҶǮҲ͸Ϣؼңü׼ҪСϸСǮҪò಻٣ҪǡôȻöˣΪǮųøô죿ˣֱ˼ǺޣʱԣǮҲǴҪպáǡòС
ϰ붮벻ǴŽҵ޸Եģֻٱһ⣺ҵģġֻҪ㲻ֻ֣ܶҽֻһҲ㣡
֪̾ҪǮ˽ᣬʡ¶ˡ
ԴҴҸϹȥⲻڣֻүү;үүڣλүүڼˡ
һˣһš
⻹һǮģ͸ӣ͸峤
ԲűǮ
Ǯˣͼүү;үүһͷϽߡ
ҲţصҲֻ˵ġŵĲϽߣ
ԵȣԵȣëԹָ
ױġ
ԽһҲǼˣԾͺܸȥеġ
һľʯʯ꺢ôߣƾ޵ȵڵϣϵ£⡣ǰյĵط͸
ԿΪ䰡ôһʯȷʵټˣصǣ͸ϼѺɫɾޡ
һ䣬ë͸ˣǫҼ֮һֱδǰ֪ڴˣױ
ô˵뵽ȥ¶
ЦеģתͷλүүǸСܷԣ˫ĿҲֻͱˣүүүүλأ
˲˵
ëҲ˵ˣתͷȥˡԳûˡ
һߣһ淢
һӣѾѼĶɢˡŲװƣǰ泤档ȥǻǸ
һСȥѵλүүˡ
үүҲǻһӵˣôȴ͸أ
ţǰͷһˣסԸ磬̧ͷæʺã¬壡¬ΪĴˣʦֵܣͬһʦ¡¬Ϊ޺ΪѧѾǿһˡĸȥϨŴ֮ģתͶ£Ĵˡ
¬ΪǸˣץˣ̼ӿŲ
˵˴ˣ³̣˻ģµٿԽһˣ
˵³ʲôȥʲôõµһ̣


612 
ǱŵģһֱûЮǴӺţڳġݺӾͽˣʱһѮҵߣúܣһҾȲˡæܳæ¿ͷС΢ܣܡ
߽𣬻Ǻܿ˵
ңڼ˳ƺһС
ߣӪأԷΪٷǮƼ֮С˶ɷá
ߣһ׮£֮ͨ˿ɽ⡣
ջأ֪Ҫ˵һ֣̾ͻٱ˵ԴҪס
Ϊ
ûиֻҪ¡
᲻ˣ
ʱЦģֻܷԸСĲҲ
ߣҲ⣬ָ˵ڴ˵ؽ趡׳ʮשʯľƬ䱦ϼѣܹɽҲԸƸ֪ܽ
üשʯľϡ䱦ܹɽⶼѡʮĶ׳Ͳðˡ֪ץء
󽫾ҵ˲ٰաڻ󽫾ձˣˣؾðӱΪС
֮Ҳߵİա
ǣ׷ӱʱͲܲȫɱ¡ϾõģֵأɻǷְն̫ˣԼҵıҲ̫ˣ־ԽԽˡ
ĳҪ½裬ľҪ±¶ĵػҪȥ֣ǸǲòŰٰչ硣
ȻǲתͷͿԼҳſĸʾԼһ塢һҵġ
ֻȥץȥңǲԼﶪˣֻҪˡܵҰȫûǰյģصľи﷢ȥΪūصҲиҲȥΪū¼͵ԭȥԭĳǹҪʱŵľͻȥѾɻľֻʬ׻ȥˡ
˵ᣬͻᱻΪū
бԹץߵģвԸⱻץġΪֻҪץسȥûл·ˣһʼΪܻؼˣڿǰ汻ΪūӺ󣬺˵Ȼѧˣϻˡ
ЩȻȻľ;ۼһ𣬼ץ˵ľҪôӣҪôǰ
ԣڻҰ˶׺ˣɱ顣ںҰ˷ˣһԼͱɵˡ
ַǳȱ֣ҪǺ³ΪһɵĳǶ͵͵ʿһڷūˡ
ҡͷ
ҪҲū
ںӹֵصģûаգȫյļūûͶΪūģҲռūûʲôΪǶǧټƵĸ
ϾںӹȣǸйϵӸù
׳׵ľԼˡ
ҲԸԼܿ࣬Ǿֻܰѻյȥ
һѾưܵϡ
ܣҲѪڣջΪҲǡ
ֻһҾ͹
ʣµӹȥˣ
ֱΪֹⶼûܴļҴֻܴӴϿƺ
ңǽš
ʵΪĿʶŮ޸̾ͷӡֻ´Сû飬ȻҲһ֪ġˡ
һȥ˭ϳŮ
һľͳȥˡ
ºӹȶһֻҪǿ˵ģģǾʲô
ӵͲġ
ڲ֣Žһɱ
⿴ˣȴҲΪ
ģֻӴľܿóöԸ˵ͨ£еǹ
ĿǰΪֹֻһңӹȵ
ȥԴӣܰԼ뷨˵ȥֻܲĵף
˵ֻҪΪһˣպҵֻ֮ҾͲܷȥˡ
Ȼɫ
ʱҲˣվڽ밲
ͷԽҲʺá
Ըȫܻ֪ⲻڿЦֻµʱǲߣס
⣺Σʱ䶼Ҫ̾
תһ룬ˣĴڴ˵ضҲƣ֪ƭˡ̵ģľ֣˵ͷһӡ
⣺ֻܾʹͱˡ
˵գץȥ
ݵúܣһҾ˽ҵʬͻȥҪʬҰð
ͷȥɡ
Ҫȥֻȥתһתѣ֮͸棬תƺһƧ֮أˣҪõף̣
ȡһ£ϵĲϡ
£ѽűߵĿ֦ҶɾźúõϵˣżŲ¡
ϵɿˡ
ûġ
˾Ͱӽ⿪ˣվС˷ˣһȥҼлҪ
ҡͷû취׳ˣɡ
վҲû취
һ֪ǰһ·ͷΪˣѵܰ˴ӵϳ
󣬳ҾûãֻûȥԺȰصȥ˵
ˣҲǳҾٷٴγҾǸ룬Ϳϸˡ
ٻȥǣ룬ٴǣЯ֣һͬԷ裬̺
ʱ˵¡
ʲô
Уʲô·Ϊģʲô󹦣Ǻ˾ټڷ̨˭ˣ˭ĺѣ˭ĵˣ
⣺ҹƷˣŶСʵѾûа취ˣ
ȷʵڷ̨ʶѣ£иʲôˡԼѣš
Ϊҹֻһ˲ϲƳȥɣ
ҲҰԼĻɺ͵˵ȥң˿ɲ٣
峤ѾǺܶ˲ˣˣСӸûʲô˷ˡ
Ͷҽ
ң΢³̡³̵ǲСģǱ³ʲôⶼﶼȥãɱͷֻܽ³̡
ºǱ˷֣Ҳסһص³̣Ȼ峤Ļš
ڵġؽ𡱣Ȼȥˡ
Ϣұߴˣ⣺һҵиˣ˵ճҾڵء


613 
Ǻܲ
ףжã⡣
ڳϣֻԼҵĻûˣȻ˵һ˵ﻰ
µµ⿴
㿴ʲô
ȥ߶Ѿո˵ֻһȺȺҰڵѰݴ©µһʳܿҰõӰһ
һ˶ûС˵
Ҳյǰ̾ʲô꣬ͻ᳤ҰݣҲˡ
Դ˸սһĻֱ붼벻Գǰ˵Դҵ֮ǰؾʹûлķϹ
˵ӹһֱʳǴϵġֹô룬ӹԼ˶ô롣ֵ࣬׬˴ǮںӹȣҪֵءǶҪӹˡĿɨأһ޼ʵأǺӹĳɾͰ
ϧӹȵѾҪˡ
ҲĬ
ںӹȣСʱҲúӹ˰е̫۸ӹˡӹ˴ؽһÿ궼ҪǸճСޣҲҪ˰
ʳȴֵǮ
кֵܶǮĶӹһֳʳȴôֵǮ
ڣҪڴ˽ǣȻӹ˻ҪҪ˰ӹٻһֳ·ˣ
ǲǰǧ̨ܵȥԼԼһ
϶Ҫ˵ģ´ԼţӹȣһҪúӹˣ
ǼΪʲôô֮͵ԭ
Ҫ͸ɾҵףҪѼе䡢ǮŮȫ׳ȥϧ
ںУһᵹȥˡ
֪ȻԣһһҴ㣬ӹż
ⳡˡУʧĲҪô࣬ҪǧƶΪޡ
ϧȴûʲôָ֧ס
ǲûнһ㣬һϣЦûаգҸ㣬ԴǵʥּԺҾʲôնûˡֻһһ
ԣ׻ӦñԼ˸ףѾûһѵˡ
Цҡͷ㲻ҪΪ岮ȫһ˼Ǵӵĺ㿴үǵڶûɣүүҲûж𣿡
룬ˣּβ뼸λүףҵŰݷã
ڰ֣ﲻȵҲȵû̬˻ռڵȣſܸܲǺôжٱ¡ңҲڿ
֮ԵǷһġû죬Եˣ
õϢҴǰӭӡ
ȻסҵլõĻԼˡǰվױ֪˾ⲻơ
ѾżֶҾڲ࣬ӭء
𣡡Է⣬ַԣԵĵܵܣɣĿɨ⸸ˣ˵ǧԣտǼˣ
ɫδ䣬ԵЩţϴ˳ɣȴ¶˷֮ɫһ˫۾أȻǷǳ棬ǳ׽ġ
ؽ⸸˳Ϊ٣ĻšԸΪʦΪֵգɣȴĳ
һͨ㲻źˡ
Ҳǰ˵ļţҲıա
ĿǰʲôǰǸʲôģʥּͳͳûСԺҲֻ˳Ϊ
Ϊ˱ܻ䣬Ҳֱԭʲôģڷ̨κιٺְô
ԭĴǵʱˣʷֻҪһʷ϶Ҫ˵һ˵ԼļҴͷд
ؽȫˡ
Ϊǻʵ۵˽۱
ԵӶҪɳˣŵġ
Ҳɴ۾Ǹ˵ġ
⺬Цͷȴڻɡ۱
ǻʵôأһݣ
ѵΪ˽ѱʵ۲ŲòԶİ취ϳ̨пܣ
˵Ϊʱֻ䣬úðʦ飬ֵ֮ڴΪ㷢ͼǿЧ׶ͯ¶顣
˵꣬⵱ʫ飬˴¡
֮˵Ժͻ⵱ʦʦ
ⲻ˵УҲ˵Уֻ˵Ҫǿǡ
ָ˵СӣھͿԴߡãͲػˣ
˵ڶгѸղžܾصոɢЩصɫҲÿˣתͷԿԸͣԷͷߵף
ɸǳ֮Ѿ廢
شӣҲǴһĿģֻܾôˡ
صլӾͷ˻𣺡ͷòʶ࣡
ĴˣҲ֣η磬˵Ǹˡ֮ǰģһ£һ£Ǹûġڿоˡ
ЦپʲôãѾˣվͽԹЩˣڣܲΪ˼ңܣˣ
Ժլˣ˿ˡ
լǴɨ䣬ŮںլܳҲȥ÷衣
ƴˡ
ɲ⣬ʣΪʲôȥʮǰǺüˡ
̾Сġ⻰һֺαǣɰ붮벻ֻ֪׺ʹԴһֱܽǺ°磬ӹȼȻѾ˴ķأҲûİ취ӹȵǰֵأԺֵءǰȴûᣡ
ԸְֻԸֻǾͲǺӹˣˣ
ʹϧͷ˵ֻ˺£û¡ȻҪ֮λɵ֮δҵȣɣҴģѵ¼𣿡üǴխҵ֮
̾ǶɵˣΪдĵǵҪҪġϵĴж٣ѵǱģģ
ɾ̫࣬Ҳ̫ˣ磬ͣҵȻҪȰⲻҵȵְҵȶô飬ͨΪгһܾչôڻᵽʱ򣬾һЩСϴתأ
ǰʮ־ֳվȻֳҲ˵ĸоûֳ˰
ԥȰ磬ڼˣѾھСڡպлᣬǵһߣҰڣ
ҡҡͷ˵ˡֵ˵޻糿Ծͱ˴Ҵҽˡ
ɶһʱûʰʰ
ͻȻܽһˣץסɵС类˴ͷˣһ֮£Ȼɫ䣬ӿŲǰܣǸ˸˦ںˡ
˺ָ·ǰͷǰͷ
ǰܣܿ쿴ʱصĴǰͥԺΧһȺˣһ˵ڵϣͷʣµ˴һš
ܹȥһȻԣŭڣȭͷͳȥ˭ɵֳеվ
һ׺ͷվҴģ
˻Ǹʶġһͷϡ
ĹþүɲҶ㣬Ҵͷ
ͷſˮȱˣôȫһˣǮʱЩˣ
˷վסɣĹþү£һ֮£Ҳżһ֮¡¹شĹþүؿǣҪ¡
ͷǴ˵ΪߡǴһŵУвˡɨȥȫѡɽվȴŭĿ
ɼãֲ⣬ԣ磬ǳʲô£
ԣҪҶҪϾ衣
ɷӦʲô
ҪҳǮ
ȻóɿӡҪƸǮĹþүôõ̫ˣ
ɽʣסҪ٣
ҡҡͷϸºɻǴӱ𴦴ˣĹþүΪżҪķ֮һ
Ժ󣬵һ
Ҫżҵ
ֲĹþүңḸסΪǲسǮġ
ô᲻Ǯأ
æȥԣҳ٣ζؿӲδᵽҡ
ֱĹþү˵еܸ߳УѵǼĲ𣿡
Էãܳ٣ҴӦ٣εĴʱʲôҲ˵ˡ
ǽĹþү˵ԺںӹȻô㣿ɼ
ԵͷԡԺںӹȣ޴㡣


614 һһܹƽ
ںӹѾʸ֮ġ
޿ɱ粵
˶֪֮ǰʲôѾӵԼ˽ռˡ˵޹أ
ӹû˻ŵģϵСᳪŮӣ󣬽Ϊϱ
ⲻòٴΰѼ˾ۼһô졣
ô죿ү˵ҪѵôҪȻҪһҪ˳Ǯǲǳ⣬
Цҡͷ޳
ȻҿӴ󣬵峤סլ֮⣬һ˵ġıСΪ˽峤֮λĸĸĽ£˳ȥ˹ܡ
Ҷҵ˭Ҳ͵ߣȫǵء
ĳϢҲװװģ˭ռ˶ôռģ⼸Ҳûʲô¡
ϧ
̾ǲүҰٰȥˣһ
ү˵е˵
峤֧֣߾ͲôͱˣһתҲҽѰϾ˭˵˶ûңôûϵ
ƾʲôǰ˵ƾľռػҪӹȣҪһ壬ȥȥǵūͣʵȥռôġ
ںôҲҪõˣӵܵǰѾҪˣպҲǺӹһ壬ǰĵ֮պȥ̨ӵ۵ģͻӵˡ
⣬ҵδ
Ϊδ˵ʲô˵ģ
ӣǲ˵
ǡŵ⣬˵һ⣬һɲСæүڣү˵ЩСš
ߵܼ򵥣ǰҳȥĺô³һӵռסĹλóա
תͷʴңλأ
µ˷׷㿴ңҿ㡣
˿ҰʹߵλӶռˣͷҲ˶ռϱ˵ġ
˵Ҫóǣ˭ã
˭˭Կ
˵ûϵģϵģҲó
ߺܡ˵ҼҲһˡ
תͷ⣺⣬ҿǸ˶Ӽˣ
һΪѵı
ߵĴεȰ˵£ҧΪʦѧ㣬λɣһˡ
˺ɣ
̧̾ͷ¿ղ˭˵ǰɡ
һˣں棬Ȼǵġ
߿˺߲ʶʣǺˣ
⣺䣬ү²ǵãֻ˵үүˣԶүĳ
ߵɫʱͲÿˡ
ԶҲүүһˡ
һʣµѾˡ游ţһһٶˣڵһֻ־ˡ
߸ֵܱȣһ²㣺ûлĶӡ
ÿҹﶼ˯š
ȳ˻ȥﲻ˵ĵط
ûˣվ棬֮峤ܴǣᶨ˵ѡ峤ΪʦǾη
˾һ
˵һֻȥһŮǲģӿҰţѵͲ֪ҵȨ֮ҿδأ峤ڴߣ˵ʦʵʡҪ峤˳Ǵӱضϣ
⻰˵֪ﶨ峤
峤˴£еŭͲӿ
˿峤˴ӵΪҫûµա
Ǻô̵̫̫Ҳǻҭŵġ
Ļ˵֮󣬵һʱû˿ڡ˽񣬰Űɡ
⻰Ȼе˵ȴһСУ⻰Եûôˡ
̾˿
ߵҲ׹ȥ
Ҳ뷨
ң⵱峤ĵ˴ӵҾ˴µһ֧ˣֻĺָĴġ
һֱͲ£ѹӴʥּİ¹ϴĴ½⣬ĿǳҴ·
ƴǵӵϱ䵱˵ơ֮ƴˣǽ֮˭ܱ֤й©ȥһ֪Ҳ֮
߿һ⣬˶ˡû˱ˣʣ⣬ô룿ʱаʾҡͷûСƴǲɣֻһϡڻڼûȥ
߳Ƭ̣˵⣬峤㲻ܵȥ
Ŀ¶⣬ĬĬͷ֪
̾һļ磺Ϊ֮ɡ
ڶգȥˡ
Ժɱ˽лȥʱģɵǿʱ˶̱ڵأ޶޲
ûֻü˵̼Сɥ¡
ԺɾͶˣҪظТ
ڼ˵ɥţʱǾ仰ǵûڽƣ峤һָÿķʽ˵ƺ峤ֻסҵĽŲôЮסңõӹȡ
ڼʹڲѡϧһжˡ
ڼдƺҲĲ֮⣬Ȼᣬݸߣһʱ֮Т֮˶಻ʤ
رûԣòɵӾȻˣȻˣҾԼ
ʼɱǮ
ǣǮȻҪ൱ף
ֻ˰ѸһΧǮܿˡ
ô£
ذǮ󣬿ӪǮ䣬øˣе
ӹȾȻ˸ңǾأ
һ˳е֪ӹһһٶǮأӹ˿ɲȱǮ
˶ţ
һǮƽʱһʮǮӹֹ
ȥ̽Ȼġ
˵ΪսǶȱߡΪʲôӹǵôߡͲö֪ˡ
ô˵ӹĻȱ𴦵Ҫġ
ضʱԼƭˣЩҪǮӦҪ
˼һתˣȥǮͻȥ˵ҪЩǮ
ǡ
Ҳ֪ƼҵĴںӹۡ
еС
úϢʱؼŻغӹȡ
һ·˵ӹǼˣ
ʧЦǮӣˣ
˼ĵͷ
аȥܰѺӹȵȫ
룬˵ɣ취Ѻӹ۸ߵϢ͸ء
ͷѡ
ֵѾ֪ˣ취ӹȵ۶ߣ㶼ܡ
Цʼʩ
֣ǵڴ˼֮µ
С飬ܲȥһ˷̨
ȥףء˵
С·˵Ҫд𣿡
Цŵͷ³ӡ
Сϸ룬һӣݸ鿴
д¶һ㣬Ҫ֮ܡ
СָһΣþȫ
˲ŵͷ˹飬С飬˵ʲô㶼Ӧ
СüӦ
ͷӦ
С飺Ҫǵô죿Цʱ򡣰ˣ칫Ϊ㣬ͶһںӹȵĴӣ˵˺ܶǮѾѺӹȵǮᵽԼȥˡ칫Ͳˡ
СˣЦ칫Լ𣿡һ
ȻŻ칫칫Ϊ֮ģ칫ͻ̲סɵˡ
ֵ֮ܳ칫ʾʵҲֻֿԵĴӡ
ߣȿҵġ
ԣԸںӹȵӣͽ칫ȥɵɡ
ܼ򵥰ɣ


615 ֮
ӹȳľǵӣҲǴסĵƷַǳ࣬Ǳص֣ûнйΪĸҲ˵ӹȵķգȫ⡣
ǰһĺӹȵĽҪˣ
Ʒ࣬ӹֵǼҴı£ǶֻһûлܵĻᡣ
˳㣬ӹںܳһʱǲ̵ģҲ³ְֵҵ
ѹȵ̫ˣӹȺüһӺ뷴ļơҷ˳ߣӵĵطȥҰ˶ӹˡ
˰̫ˡҲ˲ӹ˻·˰ĽǺӹֳʳԼȴΪ˰á
ӹãҲѧˡ
ӹ˾ͿԶˣ˺ӹ˳ֵ֮ĵڶ·
˶ּһλʵ൱ˣһӾͰѺӹ˻ܵԹһɨգʱͰѵҡΪ׵ռҵӵܽе˷̨˼˼һ㽱ͣüپ顣
鱾ͱȸɱĸ߼Ҳ׳⵰
ɱĺôÿ춼׬Ǯ飬ʮʮģɹΪȷʵͷˣʣµ˲ͷֻԼĴˡ
ӹûбñǰУҲûбøù˰ҲûбᣬȴһһһٰʮȵĴת䣡û˷ˣûˣиԶԷάӹеƶȡ
Ϊ׵ľա
˰ǰͷգؾһڣ̥ͽ˰ӹȰվͲӣؾͰѺŪŮҪ
տʼԤɱӣǾһУѺˡ
صĺҰһӣҲ·һ
ٺվͿʼѰձԼļū˰ͳ˵ˣշͲý˰ˣȿֺҪū
쳤վˣ̵˺ӹȱصİգ˶Լ˺ǿʼԶԷġԿʵۺ˰
취Ҳܼ򵥣
հѳֺӹȺ󣬵̫صĶԼˣȥ˲Լ𣿷ֲ̨ÿһκӹжˣ
ӷ̨伮УźӹĿǰ˿һʮǰ
Ҳ˵ʮ꣬ӹȽ˰û
ʮǰǵϽģԱԭûϸ½ˡ
ԭͳƺӹڹȥʮһֱ֣԰˺ܶࡣ
ɺܳ֡
֮ȥ̽ĹԱҲȷʵӹȵĽȷʵûʲôˣ˶ˣҰҲ˺ܶ࣬Ӧġ
ʵҲòˡ
֮ôԶҲȥǺӹȵһһ飬ô죿
ã⻹ͷ˰ѧǱˣûࣿǺӹȵĸһֱڽǼ˰ɣȻͷ˰ֻðη˰ҷܡ
ЩܣֻҪˡӹ˲ܰһֱţֻҪúӹ˷ֵкôģԵʵݣǾͻԶԷĿʼֵˡ
ͱڣӹԴԴ˽ǡ
˵Ϊ㿪ļ۸ߣʼǷµծˣǿɶǽǷģҪҪһͭɽǮȻǴ޼Ҳɽôȥˣ
ҡͷɽûôҪҲᣬҲġ㲻õЩǷծʵûǷ١
䣺㲻ңҪҪҴ˳ȥ⣿
ģɴͰŵ˵һ˵
ӹΪʲô
ΪǮ
ҪǮﰡ
ΪǸӰɣ
Ҫʲô
䱻ưˣ֪Ҫʲôæ룬ǰЩ˸͵ʲô
䣺ЩûõĶҪȥˣ
ӹĿΪ
͸һвΡв֪ġֻƵʯƵȵȡ
⣬ȷ˼·
ҪѵãҪһ޶Ҫ¡
ʱյﻹҪͳȥתֻʳܷ¡
Ƶò³˵ûѧʣǲ飬ǰܣ벻ҪЩˣǮˣ
ڵĺӹ˸Ҳһġ
һһǡ챦
Һö࣬仹챦ܡ족
ʯȻڻûҩˮϴʯͷļһƽƽʯ滨ƵʯļѾܳˡ
ƾܸһѿֵ赣³ӡҲˣɼļǺܹصġ
֮⣬ڵʯѿɫÿʯͨ͸Ҳܼ򵥣͸Сʯͷĥɷͳʯһǻⲻ͸ȥ
⣬ôƻ״Ⱥ֣ҲᣬǰͳһһѾ״Ķ״Ҫ˿ˣڳԵˣʱһأǾ
Уܵõ콵ʯ
ûգȻٴĥȻգظǧ֮ˡ
汦׷ӿֺ󣬽̫ˣžͼˣĶ쳬ʯⶼԵ
Ըε˵ûбˡ
⣬֬͡Ρϵȣ˸СʼͰ׸綼׽ˣҪһҪдǷǵӽ˵ĸ
һҪд˵ỬļŶʱ㺹ӣȵȡ
֮Ҫض˸ͻ˵ģ
ʼͶС鶼ʲô⣬дƪΪصѧʶˮƽõʣддСƵģǰСº
Ҳǲŷ֣СҲǺܷḻģдıʼ
׸һʼеʣҲˡдľͿƶˣ֮á
֮ǰͻȻʼͶСϵ¶£д˸ʵڲʲôͣ׹Ķϲܣ
ͷҡͷҲϲܣϰΪһ̫ӵķ֮
һһʲôζھͿǰϰϰˡ
֣ᷢԼӴĹӴǾ޶ţң
ûˣô֬˭أ
һŵӦ
Ҫǡĸڲ
һĶյЩٱ˴һӣɵôĵ׸̾Ӳˡ
ôӵõأ
һ˶ģҲֻ˲Żѣµ塣֮⣬û
ҡͷʵֻΪǲҪġҪģҲӵջ󡣡
ڽҪǲֵܷġߣֻһŮˡ
Լ


616 
׸վڳǽϣ ߼ʵˡ̶ӣˡ
гּˡ˼ǣ ǵгȫԽҲҡ
ڶδһɡ档һɡͲǧ
³ʱ֪³ҵʢȴûϸôʢġ
Ҳȥģȥ˼ܰᶯ֮ƣǶԹԼҲģ ۿ 
Ҫ밲վͱλ
칫˵ϵֻ¡
ֵأ ʿ˶顣
£²ܰȵģ»ʵ۲ӲģҲ
칫飬ҲҪµ˶顣
׸統ʱܾȣʦ ԭ㲻鰡
칫̹ȻʲôʱҶûˣ
˵˿԰飬 ܾ飬 ΪдȫǶԵġҲдģ  ˵Ⱳûһ¡ôдԾͰ˿أ
ǣֻҪŷԣΪдȫǶԵġ
ǲŲ˼룬ǡ칫ЦŶ԰׸˵㿴棬˶ö飬ȻȻܱܵˣǿպĵ£Ĺȫ˷˰֮䡣ǰ޹ףƽţ˲ţֻѡ
ճ⣬ѱ˳
칫˵ÿ׬һڵʳԶʤЩڼ飬ֻƾĸùɵǡ
ΪɵӶ࣬Ҳô
һգֻ֪εˣڹ˶ˣ¾Ͳôˡ
ʱգ׸칫˼
ǰסЩˣô˵ȶ˸أȷʵг·Ƕ飬չʾԼĲŻܳΪҵӣٲҲҰ֮𾴡ʶ֮ˣܱȲ֮˸á
ȻҲ֪ƾͷǷëǣʣ´˶ֻ˷ʱ䣬˷ѼǮܵһ޳ɡ
Ⲣ˵ã
ɡǧݣ׸ûһȥϸֻ֪Ϊⲿɡڴ˴ߵ³̶ʹͬһֶ⡣
һǶ٣һǶ٣һҼһֶҶͭǮ
̡ߴν綨ģ
һѧҲڲ֪ʱεأμӼγɱγȵȣЩͨûʲôϵĶҲ˶ʼʹˡ
³ָ˵͸³б
׸ͼǵҿһƪ£Ϊ³ֵĳ֣ζǻ۵ĴʼϵˣԺ󶮵ǻ۵İջԽԽġԣǺ£ǶԣȴδǺ¡
칫˵ժǹ콵ǡ
Ůӣ޴ģҲһ˵ıīһ֡
ֻ³³ֽԳƵˡ
ˣҾ̨̤һ˵֮󣬾Ҫȡˡ
칫ҡͷ̾·ڤڤעˣλ£вŸɡǻۡǡʱ²ҵȵ
׸練ֻʺ󣬷
ǰ칫ͷԸⰡ֮䣬֮䲻ͬġ㵱ʲôҪʲôʲô뵱Ҿû취
׸һɲޣһɲʣ˹ǡ
ԽԽʶԽ࣬ԽΪ
һɡᶯһ֮ƣǻɢȥûֵĵطҲõĶۡ
ǺεȵĴ£εȵĴ󹦣
ԸΪʥ
ⲻڴˡ
ѵպĻӭһŮʣ
ڳǽǻȥҲû
ʱһˣعȥ
̣빫
ǣժǹ
׸磬£ԸԸȥӦǼӡ
׸޿޲ɣʣӦôշ˳ǣ
ȻΧ
׸ŭ֪ڶҲ̲סվȥ侲һŻ򽪼
û¡˵㲻ǲϰ߶ѡϰ߶һŮ¹칫֮ǰ϶ѾˣͰѰ׸ɵӸסˡ
۵߸
û칫ô͡ͶΪ칫ܣ϶䣬칫Ӯվɰ
»ʵ۵ˣΪ칫ᵹ
칫̫ԶᵹҲ칫ˣ϶ᱻ׸̳𾴡
ŵ칫桰䡱ˣͽܲˡ
ǣ칫Ĵ϶Ĵ
͡Թޡˡ
е㼵ˡ칫СӰѰ׸˴ƣʱԽһ͵
׸硣ΪҲ汻칫һӡصˣԴԼˣͬʱҲԼԼصǣƴۿۡ
칫ǰܱ칫ߡ
Ϊ칫òԡ칫°߿ܻлɲΪδпܻкҾͷڵĶС
ġ塱ѹ칫뱣ˡ
԰׸統ȻҲ࿴
˵Ҫȥ
һ֮ǰŮˣûа͵̨ʵ۵Сšֻǰ߶ѣһֱ涵ȦأڲŻ
׸Ϳʼŭˡ
ȻҪԼʵǸӣȥ˾ںˣ²֣
׸磺ڡȻǻؼҡ
׸磺ֻҸڴ˽Ӧǣ
ҪҺӦǣӦȥˡȥܱԼ˸ãӦҲȫ԰ɣ
ԡ
԰׸ˡΪòȥ
ڶ£ҪҪѻȥԼܲȥпܻĸȥ㲻һֱȰа𣿡
׸ǻʵ۵ĳӣǡѾû죬ҲԴûġǻˣأôܽڵأ
ڹǿ϶˵˻Ƕ֮϶нס
ǡԼˡǡѾͷͷ԰׸ԾҲΰѻϻ;ġ
칫ڵοõѡҪƷʵԼʵء
û취ǽеѡˣֻôôˡ
ڰ׸ĻʵۿɵӣҲ뵱ʵۣǴˣվڴߡᷴҲᱳѻʵ֪ۡȻʵۺãҲһ𷴻ʵۡ
һŮ޵Ҹһɷ򲻺ãɵӣиõȢԾҲԸ˵ġ
н´½һʶʿӡܡָ߶˵ϴԣ˶Իʵ۵겻һʼֻ˵רǰͷ棬һȣ͸Ůˡ
һ㡣
׸ҡͷأʦֺš
ֺⶫһҲûʲôҾֺر㣺ҡΣ
׸ƷƷֲûʲôõ˼ͰŰɵĶ
Ц˵꣬ȥʲô˳׸룬ǴӦˡ
һŮؼңȥȻ϶ıģֻܼˡ
ϾȥҲһȥġȥˣӦ֣ôʲô


617 Ϊ
ﱻءڹѾаˡ
 ϢԴԴС磬֪ڷ̨Ѿ϶ȻҾȨѾϽ
һһȥˡ
 ܻȥǳ˵ú ʲôҪ̽ ʵǴý⣡Ѿ ã ҪջұȨ
ҽ˵˴߲ѡ
Ҳôġ
һ룬֮ǰ ͶԻв֮⣬ ĸ׾ڳС
Ұģ øײʹ ʹƺ˸ףûС
 ໷ȱӣֻҲû
ƽ һƣ Ȼ֮ҪȻˡ
⳯Ƴ ݶǳ
ڷֻ̨ʣ칫һ
칫ȻС
ͳûƳ ҪΪ
Ķ񸾣 ɱ
ʱֵĻ ɿ϶Źػȡ
Լҽ˵³⳯زһģ
ҽǷ׷׵ǰǰ
Ůһ㣡
Գ³˳³жһȥҪ轫Ʋɡ
֮
ƣҲòϣ³Ⱥ˷ֿǳĶ֣֣³б볯С
ֻǣ³ŮӣȴѱС̫ӣ³Ը֮¡
ɽлôҲǲĵġ
׸ٴʱ˵ҪȥӦǣæʣĪӦ֮У칫ˣ׸ҡͷޡҲܳϰ
ﵱȻš
׸˵Ϊҵ֪һ¡ժǹƭӦ֮ŮǴӳƭ˵ҪǼ¡ʵǺƭѡҵ֪£ȻҪЩŮͻȥ
׸粻κһ˵⽪Ǻεȵа
˾ȻЦİժǹ˰
׸üŮԶ񡣡
Ů˰ԣֻǱֱѶʡժǹδȣʲӦϵ޴
׸࣬Ҳ֣⻨ﱻĽˣˣô˵
˵ãƭң˵ˡŮ˶ʣֻ⻰˵Ƕ˵ԼἵʣɽҲûԱ˱ʾһȵŮ˰Ҳû˵Ǽ£⣬˶֪ģӦⶼᱻƭֻ˵̫ˡ
⻰ȻеϾҲǴС鳤׸粻ҲָܿӮһξͰѻϻ
ﲻҪһȥңǽˡ֮ﻹͦ˵ġ
ߺ󣬻ʼҽ׸ǰѰңǺε
ΪʲôҪȥӦǵ˵أ
ҽеһ˵׸칫ӣȥ³ӭ³̨˵˭³ΪãǴˣһҲ˵ʣ֮ǰڽǰڮ³ߣ˵úԼ³𣿡
ֻ칫Ҳ
ԣȥӦǣ
һ˵д˿ܡǲýȥأ
벻ˡ
գǻǾһ˸׸ȥӦǡ
Ȼȥ˿ܻΣգȥΣҲ֪Ժδ
׸װ׼ʱ˾ͰѻҼҽˣ˵ǻﵣİ׸·ΣգһԱ󽫣׸硣
׸ҧò´ˡ
ǳǺ󣬽ӵŮ֮󣬲ӦǶȥ
Ůˣֳ
Ƕһû뿪ӦңҲ֪磬Ȼ֪˳ȥ̨Ҫ߼졣
Ǿų·߰ߣʱͣĳһȻٴ·
·ϾĳЩƣҲƺûʲôͬû¹һӦ趼³ǲɰ졣
·ϼ£³ҲҳͣⷿҽǵĲ˲·
Ƕ³ǼΪܵôԶ·Ҫôʱ䣬û³ǲܵ˷̨ġ
ֱٴͣһλµĹӽǣԳϣȴûбϼš
˵ҪǻӦǡ
ŮǵȻԸ˳ܶܲԶôأ
ڳҹ޵ð׸ͷۡ
ˣ
ƭˣܽ궼û£˵ҪؼҾȻˣ
׸æͣ˻عţ뽪ҩҽ
ȻȥοǼŮӡֻűӣû뵽ǾȻ
ŮѾϰˡ
ǰнҲˣΪŮֻҪǻᣬǶġ
ҲкЩŮһŮˣǲ䣬Ǹǰһ
׸ȴøˡ
ַŭĸоӿ
Ϊ֪Ů˲ǿߡǿǺǿǲҪǿߡЩŮһģʦ˵ġ
ֻ׸
Ϊƭǣ׽Ūǡǻ𣿾ʲô
ŮΪҹǳ˵Ϊ»صԺ󣬴Ӵ˱Ǳ͵̨ģҪûʵ۵ĳ谮Я塣ûǣʲôôԼõˣͻᱻ
ǻص󣬿ܲٴôõסƯĴҲ˷̣ûζʳǱԼϴ£ԼԼɨҲмõĹԸȢΪޣҲкӡǵԶûϣˡ
ǻˣԶȥô
׸ǵĻƬ̺˵ǵĻ֮Ҿãȷʵôˡ
ţҲǼѡ


618 Ͷ
׸֪Ӧǣҿ̫ܲ Ҳû뵽һȥͱץˡ
ûɱ
ֻǰˡ
ЩͻŮӶôˡ
룬 ˵ЩŮӣ ҷժǹ֮ͻġиôֻ¹ Ƕý
ýѹ˶칫 칫磬칫ǸˡǸˡ¶ˣº˵ġ
ǰ ⻰ȥˡһŮӻؼҵϵˣ ֤ס
׸һɫˡ
ЩŮͻ ӦǵļңܻصĸߣܱڽڲҪǿЩ
ЩŮȻƭˣ ôһֱúúõģͻ ǵ
Ĵ
ǣ
߹飡ϱͲȱŮ˽ĸĸôΪЩŮӻصһ氲ȫأ
ЦҼҽ̹Ȼ
ĬΣ˵˷Ը
˵һˣҲеġ֮ǰ ҲҪ⡣һŮӣ ë ŶԼûаҲʲôӰ졣οҪĸĸֵܣҲΪ˼˿ǡ
֮һдͱҲúõİġ˵ĸĸֵܽãҲչˡ
׸˵ǰҲʲôԣȻ޳ĳЩжԴŮ˵ķʽ¶йġһ壬ҪǺܶ෽棬ʱΪ˴ңȷʵҪ˸޹
һ𽪼һֱԺﲻҪɵġƺͻȻòˡ
޳
϶
ŭ
϶ᡣ
ͬ
ͬ
е²
ȻģҲ֪ѺѣȴܶĳЩԭ򡱡
ҡ
ֻ¾Ӳһˡ
Ǻصġĳǽ壬ȴͬңƺΪµҶпޡ
칫ûɵ̨ң˵µһǸɲģٶĵӣҲղµĿšǻʵۻҪİ֡
клк˵÷л˵ôҲдŵ÷ĵˣҲԷõĵط
ͬʱҲġÿһϷףҪ˵ŬǾ֧Ĳ֦쵽Уס죬ǵĸϵأ£һ𡣰վЩ֮£̫ܰƽܷ紵
ɽ³ʱǳ̨ең쵽塣
Ϊа׸ⲻ
칫˵Ϊ³СһŮӣΪ˽Ȩűб³ǿȫٵ
㿴뿪³꣬³Ȼûҡ˵ǶԵġ칫˵
׸磺һǾãˡ
칫ǾײУ
׸磺У̰
칫ȻûϵⲻҪ
Ц˵ǸλϺƿ;ˡ
칫ýʲô⡣ײҲã̰ҲգأǫҲʡȰ´͸ûһˡ
칫˵һζ̣԰վͺܡơɱɱúȴȸĸֻҪϺúøɻֵҲãҲգ֯ȵȣû˰շǮڹ١
칫³֮ĵطڹٵģ
׸統Ȼû
мֵز˰
û
³̳³չ˰ͳ˰𴦵˽³뽻˰³̣Ҳܵˡ
³ӾͿ׬ܶǮˣ
׸ϣȷʵ񡱡
칫ҡͷϧ࣬ŽιðհڹڣϢϢĹŽйŰ
칫˵ңҲȷʵַ̰ʽȥ˲ٰء
˽ơӸùǻû飬˵Ƕ֪
Ϊʲôô̵ʱβ󲻵
غصұץ֮󣬰ΪʲôӣеľܣҲܣܵԶĵطȥ
³
ȻԶ˵㣬칫ڶ³µĹȶԷ̨µĶࡣ⼸ԽԽ࣬Ѿ³ֳǰ仧ˡ
³ϣԱߵ֣ࡢκأ
Ѿ³
ذնӵ³
³Ϊ񣬲Ը֣Ϊˡֻ֣ɲʼ
ֵ׵ıҲ³ܡΪ³꣬ûһһǵıܵ³³һССı̫زϻȻûһɱȥġ
ʲôʱҲ֪ˣ
κϲɱ
ųһ£κ⣬ֿеļˣҲ˴룬ŭ˺󣬶ûһͱˡ
κֶζȱһˣһ㣬һҸȼ
ҲܰѹҶ갡ЩĿ˲ϧԼҲ棬ѵɱţŲҲͰˣôܿԼòĿأ
κһ͸ܲסµаˡ
칫ʼ˼⣬ǧټ׷ף״³̵ϲ³һ۰צ
κǴ³ȥˡ³Ӫűκϳκ
κķѾˡ
һʼ˭ֱأ궾ơ˼Ʒͼһʱ֮죬ͼʮꡢꡢǧܽκһٻ壡
칫԰׸˵ܶ࣬¶ĵģǽĲá
죬Ǵĺ֮ꡣʮڣûаհʮ˿Եҽ˫ַϣϧһ
ʲô֮ѡ
׸ͻȻǰӲֵٷˡһ֮賵
Ӧһ
Ȼ⣬ֺαذϷϣ
ϣ


619 ׸ڿ
Ѿ֪ˡ£ ȻҲ֪ķǺӹȡ
ܲˡ
ӹǲأ ǾӦ൱ĲءȣӺӹʡȥܶ·ϵĻѣֹʱ䡣
һֱӦҶԺӹû¹
һӹȹ ǾζǰĲȫ׷˲˵ Ҫ»򽻵õĻر ˵ӹȲʱء
Ҳܺ⡣ǰӹĸˣ ոΪֻҲȫֺã ֻ׼һһҾ°빦
ӹȹ ҾͲҷԴôˣֻî˾ȥθڵж󻹲֪
֪֮ʱϢġ
ºӹҡҶ Ϊ̽ҲûиȷĻӦ
ҪȺӹӮע
δӹУ ˭˭Ӯ˭ܵõӹȣպӹȣ˭ӦҪõˡ
 Ҳеһ
Ʋɻ̬û֮¾ʹҴ֣ʹл
̨ϵϢ
Ҳֻҽã Ϊϴ칫ɱģڷ̨දˡ
չëѡƼҵȣ Ҷֻάһ֮
칫һԾŶʱ Ҳʲôġ
칫 չͷ ҵжͿʼˡϢǲܵһ֪°Ҳǰô㡣
ֲܼ칫ʧƾ͸Ļͥ˭ϣ칫кʱȥ칫ҪߣоС
ֻü칫ϣ칫ܿҸεˣǺüȥ
ɵãΨһһеľ³
˿ֻ³ϺλҾͿҲصҵ̨ˡ
³ķ֮·ߵøⲻ˳칫³̬Ҳһ䡣
˼ǰ󡪡ڣΪҲʱ򻻸ˡ
ǼȲܾ칫Ҳ³ʾáͷע
Ƕ³Ǳϣô˼Һ칫
³칫һȻһȻҲûˡ
ҿڹϵķϣֻĬĬţϣѡû
ϰ׸ĵǵΪͻŮ
ȴ֤칫ûĸ³˽ϵ
֮ǰԺˡ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲô³ǰŻֵʮҪӦϣžͰӵһߡ
Ȼҵ֧֣ȻͲ̫ˡ
ʵϣ³ٴγΪѡζ߶̫Ҫˡ
û˼ľ;³취칫ʾá
ȹ׸磬׼ŭ
׸絽ӦǾϹ칫£
ϵȻҪȱֳѱ׸硰ᡱһ±ġ
ֻҪ˳ƶΪȻһвѴ֮
ȻڵһǷͻȻǸŮӣһľ߲ѧĵܵܽӵ˼ΪѰһλʦ̵
Ȼ˲֮Ϣ߰׸硣
ţٴ׸ʱ׸ңȻһһʮĶ
ʥּ˵൱ֻ֪˴󹦣ʱ˱£¸һ󣬻޸
ġȷʵеϷˡ
ȴòǲ⡣
ᣬЩǺġȨһֱȨѳţ³嶯һ£֮˵ùȥġ
˵¿ˡ̨ûڱµġǰ칫չˡ
ҪҳֻԼȥҡƽʱҲֻߵģȻݵλ̫ߣҲԸΪЧ
Ҫ̨Ϊ¾ĵˣҲֻͼŮȥȡ³谮ͼһ֮λȴûӵȥ߰¶Ȩ
ͷһ֪
ҳݼȻͣµȻҪһݣպýЧ
򹦷־ô˾ԲԷڣͰѳ¼ޡ
ݾԹˡȵ۵ĳ㣬ĹĸȢ˳˵Ҳ°ˡ
ֱһҹ֮ݵ칫˵ͷϣ
ǿԮǱµĸ
˵˵ȥǻǲ֪ݰ
ǿ֮ܵˡ
׸һ˵ǽӵȼü֮
׸˵ȵµĻͳ죬ƣԭǾޣ
ȻݲߣͬūͰ
׸˵ڻڷ̨ϣº͹飬ֻµʱͳһͬ
¹Ȼʮֿشˡ
׸˵˵ĳѾ˺ӹȣӭ
׸˹˵ʲôʱˣʲôʱҲ˰ɡ
һʾ̾ͱˣ
ⲻ˵ֻҪòˣ
жʱðüͷ
ӹǱߵҲԻϼˡ
׸ֵӸյӹȣȢ˵֮ŮΪ檣䰮ǳ
ӣֻǸƤǳġȿɣ
׸ӡǰΪһĸĸ÷ǾסΪҵ֪һ¡ӳ̨ǰĸĸһŽɥ
Ȼʧɫ
ʱһˡ´˼ʱ֪һɹ޵˴ʱ
Խ¾Խаա
֮Ȼҵ磬ȥ
׸Ƭ̣ժǹǶǼŮĶޡ
һƬ̣˵Ҫʹǵĸĸס԰̾
׸˼ȻϣǼժǹͼŮӹȥܱӵȥЩ
ֻղŻǼŮкʵĿ͵ӹȥǸӣǸԡ
׸ôһ˵ٲܲ˵İߣǹⲻժǹˡ
ŮСɺӡ
׸Ц˵û㡣ժǹƢ칫вġҺò˵ͻתͷһô
ʧЦҡͷа׹һ˵ժǹ칫ˡ
ð׸ڻڹ׽Ū
Ȼαذ³ôߣ
׸粻ֻۿ
ֻˣˣͽսɹӴȥӴˣͽժǹθŮٰɣպŮҲй
׸磺αصأͰͻȥժǹסĺô
ǡ
˵Ůֱͻˣʮ־Ȳ⡣ʣ׸ûʣһˡ
˵ؼҺԾˡ̾
ĬΣ˺չЩŮʲôðɡҵģ¡
Ӧ˵׸磺֪ô˵Ұͻġ£ҪЦˡ
˵Ұͻǽҵ֣ңڰء
һҲˣ׸Ů䷵Ϊ˷ԹͻŮͶϡ
˴ЦΪ칫ӡ


620 ϧ
֮ ӦҾͿʼӹȿ£ˡ
õϢܿ죬ȴǰ׸ͻġǴ˴õϢΪӦǵ˵˽вɹ͸
ڵ ѾϰȽй֤ˣȻҪϲƵĹ֤ѣǮ ǸĸԸ
Ҳ󿪷֮šʱԼҲһЩеġ
ǣһҽ ˵һƪ
ҲǺܺõҲԼʼ֪֮ģ ³ֳ͸ôƪУ ɶǡġ
Ҳ˵ ҲǺʱ˵һ⣬رʺĲżߣȴǮƻĶˡ
ڶ鲻Ĺϵ »˼ĲƸԵйȴʣ Ը￪ѧϰ͵ʦʦҲҪһʣ ľ͹ȥˣ ʦҲܻȥ̵
һҪʱǸֱ򡣲ǵЩϺ 
еĶӿֱܾӸдˡ
ȻӦ
Ǯķ
󸳹ƪƪġֻһƪ˸ССҪϣڸһĴӡ
һƪǸ׼ġ
ȸûбõĳˡ
תͷָʾʼƪҪдݼ߻ʵԶڡ
ʼ룬Ļ᲻̫¶ˡӦδػῴǾ˱ˡ
ֻӦҲԼԳ󹺣תиˣ׬ǮҲҪϸ̫ǣ
ҲûİЦȻαҪأϰˣѡϴ϶ע
⻰ףʼ׺üô˵Ҵ⣿
һʼѡľͲĴӡǼƳɣ䳤ӾͲܺˡ
ӲϣĿ
ʼȻŷΪдǻֻۡӺӹȡܶһ¶֣ɼ֮ĺεҡ
ȻҴĲ㿴Ҳ⣬˵Ϊأ
ĴĦգսƪд˳
һ飬ֻĿҫۣ˵ֿɼ
ʼ֮һƪȨ֮лʵۣʵ֮¾һˮ֮УķɽӲľﶬ֮
Ƿǳˡ
Ȼ֮һƪĹ󣬺仪
ɽ֮йĺ֮йɽΪһ¼һϺɽ޶жĵˣбصӯӯѩ
֮䣬С
󣬿佱ǺεȵӢ꣬ϵŮƶ˿죬ˮеŮҪ͸ˮ棬ΣһɽеŮΪ¼˼ҹ룬̲סҹ֮ʱǱĹУһɡ
֮ڽβʱԽδΪһŮǣϵٰ˼ˡ
ƪˣûٵʣƪʱҲ̲סһӽ֡
øǮ̫ˡ
赭д˵ĳ˴дģǳѵء
ġˡҲ־ˡ
˾ΪļҵĹӣ³Ļ֮ڹ֮дѽ׬˰ֹǼģؽŶᱻϳȥء
˽䱦ˡ
ӹȡѾԵĽչ۸оһɳ죬һǰͿʼдĺӹһð
ݲ飬ЩǺӹ
Ȼȫˡ
ӹֶ֣Ѿͻ³֣֣Ȼֲֶԭزܳúã˭֪أӹ³֣󣬸պΪûǵĲ溦أӹкʵĹֿ³֣أ
Ǿζţ³֣Ǹطֶһʳ
ϣиʳġ
ţ˵˺ӹȵһţ￪ʼˡ
̾ʮҾſհ˵ܶ˶ܣǶץȥˣû˳
һϢ̫һ˵ѡ
Ϊѡ
Ҷ׼ϼеŮĹҲҪỤ̊ŹѡŮ
Ůŷǳߵı׼
ҲǵһνӴǰѡֳǸŮԣرūĶ˹С
ʱı׼ֻһŮġ
֪ҪŮĳҪѡ
ȣĸڣҸĸûӼʵҪŮĸĸǳ֮ˡ
Σڣûж񼲡Ҳ˵ûͻȻü˵ġʱͻȻкΪдŻᱻ
˵ҲУоòֲ֪ʲôġ
ٴΣûвƣȫûˣֹԶû⣬ܺá
Ů¼ˣ˺ӣֻҪϼҪѡѡ߼˶Ҫܷ
һϣַ̨ҲûγҪŮķףҲûڵ˵
һ³Щ˵̬ѡࡣ
ȻٲֵѾˡŮǰûнѣǴ֮͸áʶǿʼԼҵŮӹڼǰʲôˣһ顣
ֻСڵİá
ŮԼʲôټ޸ձһ㡣칫Ҿ磬ҲԼϵİ׸磬̸󣬲ż޹ȥġӿͷͽʵѡ׸磬ǰ׸ѡ
Ȼ˺뵱ȥˡ˭ҲܷϣһʼǸѡߣ׸Ǳѡߡ
ҲŮȻϡ
ָĳ겻Ůûϲģ
ҹ۴˼ҼҷܺãʶһǼҵŮӡ
̸ʧܵĿܡȻ̸Ĵλ˲Ŀ̸һȴǺܳġСʫУдŮ鰮Ĳ٣ഺ٣밮˴һ鵽Ũʱ鲻ԽպҷҲ㲻ǰ
һŮڻǰ˸ӣȻֻū֮丸ΪŮռ޸һӡ
ⶼ˵̨ķգ෴൱
Ĳԭġ
ԭǻʵۡ
ȨȱʧȨ󡣵ҪʵʱȻȻͻηܶࣻɻʵ۱ÿпˣȻԴ
ǸΪǾͻרעıķչ
仰˵ʵ۲ʱһٻš
ڷ̨Ļʵʮ궼û֣ʮ칫ȻȨȴûе֮ȤһֱǺܷεģѡŵļ֮⣬Ҷܡ
Ҳڻüɵͬʱʼɳ
ʼʱŶ롣
˵Ѿ˼üˡ
ʼֻʱ£
վڹǰ˼⣬ʲôĵ¡һж˳ӹȡСҲѾ˷̨ܿͻһж繫ϡ

ܽйΪѵ£ѵС
ڽϣҪ£ܻܿ±áա
ɵѿΪΪȥȴһĻᡣ
ܻڼ
ܻŮԵĵλٴα΢
ΪС¡Ŀ
ᡣ
ֻǾеź
һεģΪԼҪҪ޹
һָоģǷu
յķuջɰ׸磬Ӧ֮ߣǽյΪѣҲа취
ǵǸλ֮µİ취ɡ
ڣֻˡ


621 ڡ
ٶ, 浽ҪʱҲֻһѡѡ
Ž䡪Ȳᱳ, ҲĻ˵һ֮ͨ, վɺ̧ӹۣԴԴĺӹȾϸº, ٰѡ䱦䡱ӹȥ
һʱ֮, ǵͻȻ챦, ʧž
гҲǰδеķ
ʼǲͣдһЩ³ǴǴ, , ĹݻҲǶ׫ֶ, Ͼ³κԡ֣ٴأץд͹ˡ
¼ٲ롣
һܵ¹Ĺ, ȫǰ죬̨ںҹ֮УԶ񹬣ȻΪϵ¹ء
, Ҫ𣿹а񣡴ŻŶ
ٸǸһ񼡵, ݺĿˮ, ᱡɴ, , ĳĻֻϧ˱ˣĳһӣ˵ϵŮٽһΣǰԵơ
ѡһΣһöӡһܳ谮СΨһ֮ڣ֮ǰεݶϡӱˣɱǰĶȫ׵ܣȻСӼεˡ
³ıȥĹڡ¼ȻŶȸߡʺյ֪ô֡
ǰǣӦþ֪ô˰ɣ
ȻȫģؽҪֻҪϾЩҪ͵ǰģɢȥΧġΧˣȻȻͻЩȥֺˡ
ʼԼд꣬ѰӽһһƪѰӱƵֱпࡣ
еҲץרдǺεܵ¡
ЩҲǱõĹӸ磬ʶķƷζƣ˴䡣
дóĹǰڵʲôڷŵʲô¯ϴʲô·ϵʲôʲôڡ
ȾõʲôĶףõʲôӣʢʲôϿʲô޻ơ
ʲôģϷɵġˮεģܵġ֮䣬ڶС
Ǻ˾ףǵǰʿģҳģ
ҪЪϢˣյʲô㣿̵ĹŮǽο˻ǵǺεȵ
ˣҹҪͣǰ޶ͣĶҪϾʮֻҹϨ
Ƽȣȡã·ֱҲûȥƷҲÿϧ
Ӷ˺ʼе
ʼʣ㵽³ҲκλˡдǼ٣ԥеȷкܶ๬ҲˡҲȷʵʱٰᡭ
۹⿴κ³ѾܺˣҲƽĶ࣬ҹϨĻ棬ϢƼҲġ
³ʱҲϴ˵³빫ĺݡ
ԡİɣ
ʼʣĽ𣿡سĬãĬĬͷ½а֪ʱѡ
ʼͷʣ³κ
Ӵʱµģʱɫ䡣³κô³κκǳ³֮ġ
ǹô᲻ῴţ
ʼġ˵Ļδ档
˿ֲ˵ĻδŹ
ڹ³ɣСӡСż˵һ󻰡ʲôʼô˵
ͷɢȥ˼˵ǰ̫Դˡ侲һ룬ʼҡͷ˵ףһǲȥκġ
ʼʣ뵱κ𣿡
ϸ˼һ£ҡͷ롣
ʼʣΪʲô
˵ΪУκڹߵ˵ĺáҲ簢ǹ׵ܣҲǡ
ʼЦԴܿǳˡ
ӾͲٿЩˣʼ֪
룬˾ϰˡܿͷ͸ˡ
˵֪ܣӻӹȣӹôĵطסǸҪǮҪҪҪˣӹܲˣ͸ˡ
ʼȻ֪֮ﲻǺõģǾ͸ÿ
ҡͷȻ֪̰ܲãɻ̲סϲ
ʼЦԲŽ㿴
ֻüЩ£ÿﶼǽףơ
ʼֺ󣬾͸˵ˣҪ氢Ȣޡ
ôȢޣҡͷҲ̫ίˡԪ䶼Ȣ֮ŮӱϾκ̫ӡҪ˼Ůˣ̸̸ָǲؾŵڡ
ʼ仰裬ð͸裬ƽʱҲŮȻú󣬰ӾŮ˽飬ÿ飬綷һʱһʱ
ֹһ󣬰ԼܲˣԶ˶ŮŮҲûоֻһС
ת꣬Ӿһӡ
ĩӹѾ빫ǡ
ʱʼӹȳǵ³̸⣬֪ʳֻģûġ˵
гͱ³̰ѳ֣˾³ҲðʵǶڴ˵⣬ҪͷߵĻȻǵҲûˡ
˵ˣΪϧۣź̧߼ۡеĴģתͷҽĵͷߡ˵顱
Ϊ˵ͣôҲӡ
ˣԶĽĶС
֪Щÿ궼Ṻӹĺӹǵĵ˸˼۸񣬶ӹǲֶ˸Щ˿ڡϣֻˣǰѺӹˣ
ϧΪļ۸ߣЩǲϳôߵļŵ½ųɵĺӹ䵽ˡ
Щ˾;ɴԺӹȳǵġ̡ʩѹ
Ͼ³ģ³̣ɱϾ³⣬³ʲôµأ³ڴˣҲµġ
Ǵ򽪼Ը⣬вɽˣ³Ҳòӡ
Ǻܺá
ǳĽӴЩˣ񣬾ûˡ
Щ˵ʮ죬װɵһű
˰ȥˡ
Щ߽һլĴ軪˾֪̾Ǻ˾Ӵ
ߣ൶ʿȶɱ죬㤡
ߣֻһٳϣһ󺺣ಲ䣬ʮԲ·硣
ǹʮȦͣ
Ա߿սսӡ
⡭в³вǰ
³󵨣
ǲ֮ǿаΪ
һ˵Щ졣
һ˵Ҳ졣
ȻЩ죿
ٿ
ǳдµһǰػָŲٳԵһȺˡ
һͷҪĳ
֮УһԽڼУڴˣһ૵ЩʳĪѳҾ
ôø
˭ܴӻжأ
˵ˣҾˡڿżʮ򻨼Ҿڴ˴
뵽мʮ򻨼ҾͲ˽ɪɪ
ߵЩǰߵѾЩ˵Դһ˵ǵ
㵽Ķһӡ
ǵĳк£
һԽڶЦȻ
䣡
ĳĽѾã


622 ̫ˣ
ﱻءڴ˵ѾнһˡڲߣȴҲ
ҾѾĳɲջ, ĴŲ֪ȥ, µʳȱҲ˴롣
ȷⶼ³ı
޲ߡ
ߡΪһ˻ط̨Ѱű, ȴûݡ
ҼҽģҾûôġû, ôΪЧ
ҲЩʿ˶ӣ޶С
ҽҲǼ, õͷˡ
³ûʲô, ˱ⶼֶֺҵʿûʳ׷׳ӡɸûԶǶóҵɣ
Ҽҽǰȥ׽, , ˵ǡѹ񡱣
ǺεЩ˶ǻʿһʱ֪ô³񡱣
˾³ǰ, ó³ɽ͸³, ³ֵصˣǰ, ³ˡ
Ҽҽֱ̣ǿˣͲ³, Ҳܺ£ѵ˵³, ³ҲϹ黹
ЦŸ˵, Ī, , ʵ³Χʧ֣ףԷڡذշ׷³Ը³ΪĻƴ£´£Ϊ˳̣
Ҽҽ
ҽĻֻ֪̾һκΡ
ԼֿտգôûѰ·ʵڹֲˡ
̾꣬˸⣺Ǵ̣˭ǴأƱǿͶ³͸ͷΪ
ҽҲ׷׳⣬˵ʱҲֻһ취ˡֻ³ΪС̫Ϊ
Ҳá
ֻǻҪҸĻȥһȻҪģĺÿÿҲҪ˵زûˣһҪġ
ѰĻô͵ǰˣ
ˣػʲô֪ǵ⣬ɴŭȫ
ٳĴ󽫾ԴӱЩ޲˳ҪˣԸǮ
ûдӦֻŸԴǿУ˺ͺ֮⣬˵ܾûС̫ˣʮ
ѾС̫ӵ常ˡ
ӵϢ˼˼һЩݾͰ˷Żȥˡ
ĻǲСֻûϻֲװȥٷųΪá
˼£ͱˣȻҪȥˡ
ʼҪصʲôʱ⻨ûʲôõĻɱˣǻ
ҡҡͷûءˣҲҪһȥһ򡣡
ʼΪʲôڻŻٸ£һʱںδ
ܵϢĵطҪ˶ܿĵط
ûбȽս״ݻˡҽţһ£ͳ׳׸ţˡ
ûһҲһսһУٷŻɽսƵơ
ҪʱҪҵ¡
Իڻš
ʼͷŹ˻£תͷ˶С顣
δѾ˷̨ˡ
С³ݾƹϡ˳˳Ľ˳ţʵۡ
ʵ۵Ȼܼ
Ҳܷųڳƽʱ̺֮⣬һȰ˳˶Ҫɱ
Ȣ˳ˣ˶ҳǰ˸һ̡
Ȼҷˡ칫Ȼڹסء˵ûȥ̨µ˶Ҳ˲ԣǡ
ûһðͷȫװɵ
ǵûץ˻ʵۺ칫ȥ룬ڲ£ʵۿѾûˡ
칫֪󣬿Цá˵ⶼĴ
Ƿ̨µ˶ԡ칫̫㣬ôôأɼǶΪǻʵͻȻȫ˵Ĵ⣬Ȼûʲô԰칫ڹģ
˶ο칫ˣ棬Ҳôġ
̨µѶûȫϾһֱǡġԴҪȥԺ󣬶칫˷ǳ˲֮⣬˼棬ţȫԡ
Ѹеֶ谮ĶŮһͬӡΪҪЮټһա
߶֪Էĵ޺󣬺ƽڵˡ
һˡ
ֻھͽˡ
˵áˡûСַ̨ϵ䣬߾㷢ˣ֡ġû˵ƣⶼʾ̨ûңûҡ
칫Ҫõöࡣ
ֻҲҡ
Щֻš
Ϊʵ۲ڣЩĵĳڣܰȻ
ҲڡվɻǸ¡
ȻҲ֪ӳȥ⡣Ĳ˵ǽĻ񡣼ȻһȻǧǧ
Ϊֻһа
Ψһȡǣ⽪ĿǰǾλһֶζĥ˵൱ˡ
ڸ칫ûڹɢһЩԡ
磬ʵ۵£ǰװ֪װȥ˰ɣ֪˰ɣ
ǵȳȥ󣬽Ǻأ
˵Ƕ⣬
϶ĽˣⱲٳˡ
ʵۡӣӸѡŮһҪʵ
칫Ҫأ

칫ǰʱҲǧټѡŮн
˷׷ü˼
칫һƣλ֮
æ칫ߣ˵
칫»ܴѪҵȺηЧأ
˵Ǵ͵һǳḶֳ́档
湫ǻʵۣܵǻʵۣܵܵĶӻǻʵۡ˵ҵҲǻʵۣƾʲôҲܵʵأ
ܵ˵ΪŮ˰
˵ŮˣǶӰ
ܵ˵ЦѵҪѵλ
ϳȥˡ
ܵˣֶӵ˻ʵۣˣһ˵
ֶ˵үүǻʵۣǻʵۣŵ˻ʵۡҵҲǻʵۣûϻʵۣҵĶҲܵʵۡ
ֶҪҲƵİϳȥûˣֶӺǫ飬˵ùȵȰʦ
ֶӻʵ۾ȥʦˡ
ʦֹһʮ
ʮ죬ҪԼ־һȷģеġóĽǣ˵еΪûĸʵ˵ŮĶӲܵʵ۰
Ƿ鷨䣬ѴеĻʵ˵еĻҳһ˵ֹõĶӿԵʵۣЩˣǿԵʵ۵ġ
ĳͻʵ۵ԭܽɣλе߾֮
ǣȻҵ˻ʵۣҾеµǸǶҡ
ֻ⣬һǳдǻ۵Ļ˼൱ڻλ˭е˭
ֹڻʵԼģ˶ˡ
Ȼ˶棬ǻʵԼŮĺӸˡ
еָʾֶӻʵ۾ͺܴȵİĶӺӶδĻʵѡˡ
ˡ
ֶӻʵ۵ĺǲˡǧټƵĵûػλ󣬰һ֧ɾˡ
ֶӻʵ۵ĺһָɵ̫׺ݣٶ棬˵˵ǶԵģûġ
͵ĹȫԶޡͼˡ
ôʵۼ˸ˡ
˵ʵ۵⣬칫˼ԣȻʵвӣǸﲻұأ
˵棬ֳɵѡǳˡ
һ뵽ѡȫҡͷ
У˲У
ФĸǺã
ѲҪѡ֮
˵С
ëᵽ칫˼ˣȻǰ޳ɣڿΨһһĿǰֵİ취ˡ
ô˼˵
Ըȥ٣ĿǰûǣһĴҪɱأ
һպأ
һ칫ǿУһΣ칫أ
ɱȥ˺ӹȣǿ׳кӹڣǾ͸ɱˡ
Ż볯֮ӣΪδ̫ӡ
£˵׻
˵ʱĬˡ
ܻû
һֱϷˣ޷û֣ҷšҷŵʱЩܻ¼˵
飬Ƕܻˡ
Ҫѡ֮Ϊ̫˶ԸӦ뵽պҪߵݴӣͲʹ죡͹ȥ
칫ٵ˰ֹ𣿡
˶һãȻ˭
ëǳ˼١Ȼ򡱣³𣿡
ϡ·ôһˣϡ·ôһʥּ
ŮòݻǿԹصģѪҲȷʵǴᡣ
ǡ
Ů볯찡ǰŪȨ³ǰСˣ
ǿ˵³ڷ̨ʱһ˽ӡ
ǳĬͨ󣬱Ȼʣ
ⲻ˵̫Ѿ
ͬ찡


623 
Լĺ
칫 ȥĸһ£ͳº֮ѡһ׳ģ Ϊ̫ӡ
ˣǿɵؿ칫ͷ
ͷôã⡰ҳӡˣҪĶӵ̫ӣ
칫ȫƣ Ƥһ˭۾ʲô
ʹֱ棬 ʲô
칫Ҳ֪ »Ƥһ̧ һ֪ ֪
ɵõͷ
ǰʵǸɵӡҪɵӣɵӶܵʵۣ Ϊʲôأ
Ҳɵиˡ
Ҳ˻ʵۣܳﵱˡ
칫ˣĳʱĵλ̡
ǲţˣ ǾѡҶӣӻ֪ء
칫ҡͷѡѡ֮ӡ
Ȼ
칫Ҳǵᣬ 빫֮ӣ ӦԼ̳дͳ
Ҫƴǡ
ڣ˾ٲסʵۻأѡĶӣ ⲻʰ
칫һ۾Ϳʲô˼
ӣֳʵۡ
Եŵλ
칫ĻֱԵǣ˾ٱ¾֪ˣҲͬġ
ЦûмȥҪ
칫ž͸һܡ
칫ʵڼǰŮȴδһءĳǣΪĹϵ²á
۾ɳˣ
ȻʵɵӻԾ
ռҲɵӣû˵ɵӾͲӵġɵҲ˯ŮˣӰ
칫ȴ˵ʵΪɵԲŻѡĶӵ̫ӡ
Ϊʵۣ̫ˣ
һ£еļƻȫˡ
ԭȴųƼҾȥӹȣϢ칫ûˣٴˡ޷ԭļƻϼѡ
칫ĶӿԵ̫ӣһʵΪɵӣҲ̫
Ҫ
ֻҪϽӣٰѶ͵̨ĶӱΪ̫ӣǻʵۣҲǻʵˡ
칫ˣʵǸɵӣ̨̫طһһ䣬Ҳˡ
תٿ칫;ͷʵʶʵǻۡ⣬еͷһս˳һѪ
Ķӵ̫Ӻ󣬻ʵۿԲˣȴҪһôܱأȻǶС
칫д񣺡ĳǰðղ֪칫ػ󣬺ȱ칫Ҫ֣պ̵СɣСԸ칫ΪЧֶ֮͡
칫ˡ
칫Ծλһˡ
칫ڹеĴҲˣֻܱڴڣżҲԳɢɢ£ʡùػˡ
Ȼдš
칫ëѾͳˡ
ɪɪؿ¡Զȴˣ峺ϼĵ졢Ͻһ
칫ëѾվ̨ϣԶգ˵Ļ
ëѣҼǵãǸŮ졢أǲ칫
ԴӴҵ֪ڷ̨ʱһӺ󣬶ΪǸкҲڿһǵĳƣǾǻʵ۵Ķˣ
ûˣ
ҲûУ
³Ϊѡʺģڷ̨ĺӣȻǻʵ۵ģ϶ǻʵ۵ģǻʵ۵ġ
̫ӵݶ˳˳϶ˡ
һү̫ˣһ֮
칫һֱЦͷ
ë֪һ㣬ºɣȴҲõڲ칫̨ҪҲãڴҡһġǶôѵã
ұץ󣬶Թ
ʵɵӣҡ⸱ˡ
˭ʵйϵ
һɵӻʵ۲
ֻȻֹֻǼΣǼ֮ԣ档ɴʵʵѾԴʧˡ
άĲǴԼϡǵϲǹһӣͷ˶У
ǲԸʵۣʵۣʧȥĺ;⡣
ëֿ־С
ڣһǿһ𡣵ˣǰߣŷ̨ͻֱ
Ǵˡ
ëѶԴʵҲûжҳ֮ġһǿάֵĴԶʤһûлʵ۵Ĺҡ
һû˻ʵۣ¾Ҳû֮֡ʱֻһƬңݣֱٳһˣ˶ǿ˶µŻӵ±úƽ
һʤû
ڵĴҲûô㡣ʵǲеģɵµĹڿҿҵģҲʱûΥҼ֮١
Ѿܺˡ
㣬ĿǰѾǷǳˡ
ֳһ̫ӡܰѴҸ¾ۼڴ¡ëѲ˵ơ
ʲôʱأ
칫¶һ΢ЦһƤĺӣһȡЦ̬źӳĸס
ë˵ã𣿡
ëһ²ָǽġ
ΪβĶӻ̫ӡһ£̾ԸԻʺԹҲûϵҲǶ
ǡʺ󡱻ǡֹصĺӱѡΪ̫ˡ
ëͻȻˣŮνֻҪнڣĶӣͻǴ̫ӡص㡣
ԣĸûвˡ
칫̾
ëѲ⣺ô᲻
칫ãԼĶж߻λ𣿡
ëˣ˼һ£˵ҰģҲӦǲܵġӽλʱ̾ˣĶӽΪ̫ӣںܳһʱȨ
칫Ǿ˵۹ֻܿһԶĵط
ëѲ⣬ҲЩ˼ѵ˵
ѵ뵱ʵۣԶɻʵۣɷǰôõĻ᣿
칫̾칫ӦϣԼҾͲϣ
ϣ֮꣬ܿ
ܸĹʡ
ܼʶܣܸ컻ա


624 
ڴʱ, С³֮ʵˡ
ֱӻؾǵո칫ˡ, ˵պҪЧֶ, ˼˼ȥ칫
칫һ֮£˵
, ܾ칫Ҫ칫ĿǰһֱڰԼӦ߾衣
Īֱˣǲñ̨֪ռ, ʵ۱ҹ, ³
칫ܾ, Īˣ³ʹ̨˶ɲܲ
ѹŶݱˡղ
Ǹ
칫ܴ, һһ˴ʦģ, ³, زΪ˼£ΪǼ͹ˣ
ֻ¹߳ˣ֮, к, һʱ֪
, ȥСǺò
СǱ׼޸֮, Ҳ͸ôһҺʵΪʡ
ȥֱӸߣȥ󣬾ˡ
С˳˳Ľ˷̨
ԺȫûԼ˼ֱ
֣Ǹˣһֶ칫ľ֮ģͷȻû˵µĴȻѾ³ȥ
һΪΰĴĲ־ò칫׳׳棬û˿ֻó˶ﻹǵӻģôһˡֹ֣С
Сϵõݡ
ͷһͷһرôݼǧë׶ſˣϲûҲ˵ˡ
µĲҲʱҲҿ
ȵºˣ
ϵֹ˸İҺӵʱһǣİȥˡ
ֹǶһ亹Сˡ
СûҲܳţ
ҵĹѾûصһˣɵȣǲ֪ȥˡ¹װģʱٲģ
ƽվţһڴͷҲȻ
Сɫ£Ƕ𾴡
С鿪ʼˡ
ҲǼҴġǰԪλʱԪԪ˴űӲֻںĵˡóҲͨ泩
С˵˵Ĵ˵̾ˡһ⣬͸³Ҳ³һӢ¼һӢº
С黹̨˷˵˵һ飬صǳ£ǳֲҹİķ˾ôûġ˱ʹ֪࣬Ӣ£һǳġ
˺ܿģϾ˶Ŵϰ󣬺ѲƮƮȻ
Ҳڱ칫Ѻ󣬲ͣȥѯ̣ףԺҪкһ¸飬ѡ
֮ǰû뵽Ҫ³֣κȹ򽻵
Ǵֲˡ
Һ칫ָ˵³ʹڹ϶ʾõģ㲻õġ
ͷСʾõģﲻ칫ָӸмˡ
Ѳ칫ûж⣿
Сһ㣬ƻ٣˳СμᣬСȻӦŵ
˶ͬʱһڻʵ۵Ĺп絽׺ϲʡ
ϣСںȵð֮󣬼ߴشʱʹĳˡ
С䡣
СӲǴĳӣʹһӢǡ
С˵ӵӢѾˣҲںӹȶˡΪ˴ӵĴţҲŵ֪£ݷ
ʼʹˡ
칫ĻѾͳպ֮ӲҪĶӣǰļӣȻͲҪˡ
ŵӵ̫֮λ϶Ҫʳˡ
ǳ˽Ķǡ
ܡ
ǰĶӳ֮⣬Ӷĺ֮ϾһֽģСͽɱ˳棬Ĵôأ
ӰѼһҶɱ˵ʱͶԳ֮ģʱҪ£Ӷǿ֮ţʱŹǡ
ŷ֣̫ˣԳӵԸ˵ӹ֮϶󶯸ɸ꣬һ
³˵ģʵ顣˵ںӹȵĶѾˡ
ںӹȶʲôû֮£ʲôأ
̽С顣
С鲻ڵʣȫɴӵġ˵ˡ
ԸΪӹգӶշˣ
ӹ͵Ӷˣ
ѾڽˣϾĹ麣ͥǰͥ಻ʤ
Ĵ󳼣Ҳ뱸ˣλǰҲ޵ˣŮҲ֮׼ˡ
ڽ׳Ѿˣ͢Ҫ̵ŮҲѾˡ
˵ʼ޽ء
СһβȴֻϸλȺߵݼɣ
ΧԵ˶˳ŶСĻʼܸɣʲôˡдĳӣʲôõءӻأӣ
УȫԼҵˣȫʶأлвصѣҶڿأ¶ɵɫ
صġ̫ӡ֡
ŵģǳӵճδ̫ӡ
ⲻȻ̫ǵ˵ġ
Ϊ˴ﻰͿʼ̫ӣ԰ġ
ˡ
칫˵ȫܣ϶̫û֮ǰĴȥ˵ڳ̫ӡء
صΪ׮׮ĵϡֻȥּ⣬ѹƺӹңȻ
ֱ׵˵ȥѹӹҵģˣźʩźġ
ذ鶼ˣҵĹλǰȥˣԺʲôȥģ
ˡ
УͬѰ
ȥ룬ûǧǧ㹻ƽˡ
ʲô
һںӹȣѾѹ˺ӹңǮ˺ӹȣλ˭ѵҪȴʤ˵
ٿǰЩˣЩ˼ģҲصġػ̫ӣֻҪˣΪӣλΪҲȻġ
һξóӲ÷棬Ӧðߣȥӹȴּ£ˡڳ⣬Ѿ򣬲ǿӲֻͼ֮ˡ


625 
, ȥӹȡ̽ˡ
ǰһǱߺò, ʵȥۼΪʵ
ϾСһ³Ļ, Ҳˡ
ʹߴűµġʥ⡱, ӱ޸ϵӹȡ
صȻʮֵĸˡ
Ϊױ, ʹȥѾµַ, Χڸɻ׳
ʹ֮ǰ, ҲҪҪڴ˵صһһٻر
ع˶׳, ˴ж٣жٲġ
˵˴ǧ, һ뻹δ꿪ͻˡ
֮, ּӹȵشС壬һдʹߡ
ʹ¸߾, Ҳܿµ˶̫ˡȴû̸ЦȤ
ȴв, һʹ߱ӡ˶£εͿ๦ơ
ʹߵʱ, ػʹ߲ιһ¸ĸ
ʹ߻ص̨ʱ, Ѿˡ
رĩ, ʹǰۿںӹȵĹһһʮ
ʹҲ̾ôТ˳Ķ, £
Ҳʹһһ, ʹߺ, ɫͱˡ
û֪Ѿĳ˽ġñ˷֣صΪȻ죬ȴë
ѵúӹ¶
ѵΪ޽
ѵȡ͸Ĺ
ȫӦá
ֳܱԳӵĲ¼ɣǻԵ׵̫Сˡ
ⲻһ֮¡زĶӣСҪҪɱһ仰£û˹ģû˹ʡ
ˣҲǹ£һһᱻ˿
زֹǳӣӣδ̫ӡûбΪ̫ӣҲ̫ӡ
д治ܡʹ¾ġɱӡ
òܼںӹˡںӹȾģԺٳؾ͸ˡ
Ҫҵ鷳ˡ
룬ǰѶСˡ
ǵ³иǣӦӹǵӹҲͰµ·̶ѡ
ܶһ谭Ļ˵ǰһˡ
һǶѣ³ݣҲǼ֮˺ӹȣȻа취ʰǡ
СӦٶ̸Цһٴαˡ
СֻüȾƣŴţʼòͷˡ
˵Ҷף̵
˵Ҷдָ
˵Ҷв֮Ҫºúýѵ
С飺Ǻҽѵ
չǽ벻
Сʾ֭Ҳ벻ǳԴʲôҩȻʱпվͶӣûվͶű˴ӹ۸ߵģһ붷Ǯûбֵظ׬ǮˣյĶǮ
һӵùļˡ
С飺ӵٶе̫˰ɣ
Ųߣϰˡ
Сͽһʼӹˡ
ɫͱøˡ
ʹһȥҴңֵָʾصڿغ͵ҵĽԼ¡
ûȥעһµصС
ҲΪˣʳѾչˡ
Сӹصص˺ӹȺŷ¡ͷȻûصֱʣǡĳˡڱ󼱴Ҵǵ۽ڽһէĵز
һ붷ǮϹĿǰӹļ۸񡣷̨ۺͺӹȣ൱ˡͬļǮڷ̨һںӹֻ
ǵ̨ǵ۶ʵǳ
̨Χûصʳ˷ġ˵ۣʹŴˡ൱ȶ
˰뱲ӽ۵Զʤһա
ӹ۵ֻΪã
˵ҪݺأֱҲ̫ˡοݺʲôãھӣûһأĸοȢ˳֮ԶЩӹصöࡣ
˴ݺشĴ㣬ˡ
ܿ׿ͷΪصֱʡյӹȣĴΪԼǮ򣬿϶Һӹҡġ
û֮Ը߹ٺӹҵĻ£Ҫġ
ĶӵҰԶҪö࣡
ֻܿǸҼ鷳⣬ǾҪɱӡ
С֮͡СˡҲˣֻ칫ǻ˻һ촵ӹһ˶һҶյӹȾͶŪԹڣôߣ
ëϡ·ǵáڡ֮ǰӹļ۸Ѿϴһˡ
ڴÿ£µĶ¿϶ɵġ
ͲȥŴҷйˡ
칫ˣֻðߣԼװ˲ȥ˵˵
С칫ʵˣӹҲӡ
칫ȴԹºܺ棬ʹС𣿰׸
СһֱĬʵ׸ʱ˵׹ȥӦˡ
칫Ц𣺡Ƿ޿žˡ
С飺ԭ׷ҲӦǡ
Ӧ׸ڷɵ
ӵļ棬ӣҵһӵܡ
ԡͶסġ
칫ڣĸĸȻˡ칫֮ĸͬĸã޵ӦϡѾûʲô˻ǵιϵˡ
ӵܾôԼסţƤ¡
Цָһָ֣סǱߣȥҼ
һŮ׸磬εε˵ȥҼ
׸ͱһȺСˡ
ѵðѰ׸ų͸͸˿׸类һȺŮߣҲЩͶ׵Ůסֻӿţΰ׸ȥң
׸类ݺ󣬾ͼǰˮģʮߣݺģʮšżЬģĸöģ
׸ֻ򡱱ŮһԺ˶¶ˡ׿͡Ц
ʮЦеߣӣȥ׽ֻ
ʮŷ¸ͷЦе˵ȥˮλС磬ϴɣ
׸类˰ˮʱǵӡ
׸磺
Ӻܾû׵ˣеСǻǹؾصİѶ£Ҿһ񣬽Ͱ͵˵͡˽ס°ɡ
󣬰׸ô̶ӣѶӽ̻ġ
Це·ԡأҲ벻Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
޷ֱʱһˣˮִˡ
׸ˮǿģǷǸѧģ
ˮܵ۲ϣϻˮǹӿİ
ǵȻǺܿİ
ĵñӹŹ͵ӿڻʱûӦ
˻ٰⱻ˵ġˡϳңȥӣǰ׸ڽϹʱ򣬽һҺˮһҹ󣬱ƭˡ
ӣʲôˣ
ˣͶ׵ˣݹϵԶˣ˵ˡǮ˷ӡһʮڣŮС
̾˿ȥƭǮİ׸硣
׸ԺãȻ˯ѣֵܴһ̧ȥģʣǸ
ֵЦеĶꡣ
͹ԹԲˡ
ֱһ·̧ţ̧˽ϡ
͸ܺˣ
ٱֿ̧ڣŵϡ
ҹɫ϶˪
ֵܺٺЦˣ
ҪǸЦ̫ˣ
ӣ˸飬ӿڵһҲӳˣϵıӾ̽İˣ̶˵̧ߣһ·ҡ
Ȼӽˡ
׸ǺãȻ
ӿӾ֪׹ֻ´ûϹ¡

οõģǶʲôҪĲһȥġ
׸ҡͷûʲô
ӹĵʣ𣿡
׸ҡͷûСͳ˷
ӿӡ
ֱ̾ԵͶ׵ģŮӱô˾ȡȥǷ˵˼Ů죬ҪǮֻôˡ
׸ɫˡ
׸߷
׸ըˣ
׸̻ȥˡ
ӿɫȥģ֪գ뿪ˣ뿪ǰ˺úչ룬̲סЦҲǸѵõľˣ̫ϣ


626 ˵Ů
ڵ͵֪׸ȥС
ȥɡǲġ̲סЦ, 칫˵, ǵһ, ˻Ȳ·
׸ڸɾ, ͬʱҲǿһķĳĶ, ǳ, ֻǲҿ桰ˡͲġ
ĴĻڰȵıġ
Դӹô֮ؼҾͰһ̸ֽҵĺӣҵϲĹϷ
ϧǴҴ뿪̨ʱûܰѹĴ
廨Ľáɩ߻ǵ߻ȥˡ
ҴǮ̫٣һѵǣþ, Ӿʳ
˼ڻϵʱС㣬оʱҪա
˳˷̨ȫ廻·, ȫгƺԳ, ԭ񣬱мҲǿ, òټߡ
ڸضʼرꡣ󽫾ŻСڻ󽫾󣬸صǿƵ·С, СϺסڻ󽫾˿ĸմ建, ȻҪӱ𴦰ʧڵһλľǼûпɽȴеСǮİˡ
ȱ˵ľץ, ȱǮľ, ء, 󶼻䵽ǲòѵغͷӶӣΪ˲üΪū
ӦǱȽϴвٶӿӦǡӻٵķ˵㣬ûае񶼵档
Ϊһĳ飬Ӧʱץ׳Щ˾õѡ
ʮˣŮУֵܽ÷޽ԱէһʵǺܻסˡһҲȷʵݣ˴֮䲻Ϸ
жǺĴһɣ˵ģû㣬ǿżƪĴţøߴֱȽʵģǾȥʿƳϽֽ
ŮǾڼһЩ
治ڼţԶԳǸѸټޣֶ飬ӣԸ⵽˼ҵˡ׸˵Ҳйһ鸾ŵò᣺ǸŮ˰ѹ̳
˵ʵǼͥʦ
ʵǳˡ
ôˡͥʦ
ý
һЩįŮ˿⡢˵
ΪӣҲ뵽ȥ̲ӣ½ƽС֮ 
׸磺
뿪ļ￪ġҵ
ΪⷬΪŮǵĹ顪Ҳ໳ɡ
û뵽ŮᵱŮ͡
׸˿ˣΪСֻԼһֱ
ȵƻˣˡˣŶǳϤĶʳ
׸磺ΪʲôҲһۣǲڳԶ˰
ƶƳɵʳڲ֪Ѿˡô˵Ƕǳϲ˵ʳƶܴţֺ֣ͷա
ʳķ֮Ҳ򵥡ƷζͨƽʱڷгζľζɶʳƫƫڻζһֲôѳԵķʳ
Ҳ˳µġ
ͷ£ٰһ֣׸ɡͣһ˵һ롣Ʈ׸Ҳһڿˮ
ò˵ʱ㡢˾Ǻö
һ뷹ָӰ׸ȥ̴ϣȻָȥ򡢱㣬ָӶ˯׸ƣʱĻ۵Цš
׸ҺˡοǾñط꣬ѾŬһˡûˡ
´תͲ𣿡
밡
׸絽̲ס
Ȼһҹ˯ڶʱѾصˡ
Ӿ棬˲һڱﾪʧͷЦҹɣӣ
˵Ǵʵˮɣ˾޵ʡ
׸統ȻòᡣֱŪˣȥȰǸϽǣᵽȥġ
һ䶼û˵
οģð׸ǰ̫˳˳ˮŻº޷ͻҲİ׸ıŮƭˡҲûй
ӣЩŮ˲ǰΣǶŮˡ㲻Ҫһٴ
׸⻰Ůˣ
̾һ壬ҲϹһ¡ǸŮұӣЩܹء£Ҫô칫׸ȢĻŮҪӦŮˣҵҲ
׸һӸ˳ȥȥˣž˵ǿȥǣڵұƭܻǲʱ֣죡ҾҪԵ㣬ôҲҪסʮµĲ˵ùȥ׸磺㲻𣿡ˡ
棺ҵȻԸڴʱ
׸绹˵ȵ֪һйصܣ벻֪
ô󣬵Ȼһ顣ӵͲĸס游λΪһ֧峤֮λ
Ŀǰͬڶ
һΪĿڷ̨ϵĻʵϣͣúþӪӦǡ
һΪǴӻʵǱָ򵥵㣬ڻʵۺȨеȻͻﶼ۽ȥˣҿһǸ³ͿͶһϻʺ̫ӣǾͿ԰ˡ
ڶҲûŷԵһʵе˫£һ߷չӦǣһͶ³
ǺܺãΪûȷʾ֧һߵ֧߶е㲻
ǰʱ䣬׸Ժ⡱˵ӿһԣӾӹһЩʺӣǸҺ磬̶֪峤ˣһԼĲټ嶼ʼɥˡ
ΪһˡӵĶͻȻˡ
ڣʥּּѾҡŮһʱҰ֮
˿ּڣ򲻿ϽӵģӸˡ
£Ȼ˻ˮ㣬ӵֲѣ˽
Ӳ֪ǲ֪飬ǹƣܵ˵ӹĿǰѾۼ൱һңʣµﲻԸ⣬Ҳŷˡ
ʣµ˾͸ڴʱðͷˡ
ҵȴҵӸǰ˵˵ǼҪТ
Ҫ˱һʱˡ
Ȼȴ˵һ˸ڴǰ˵ֻǴԣֱŵùǾˣ
ӵõϢգΪѵʱ
֪ˡ
׸磺
Σͽ°
׸磺ǲһߣգ۾˵ʵôߣҪְ͸
׸磺ˣ
治˵Ұˣ׸磺
εص˵ͷ
ͻȻôһ̣˽󽫾֪󽫾ԹʱǲҲʱ̣
Ȱֺ뱣ȴҪıڰȫĵطȴѾ嵽ǰȥˡ


627 ӻǴ
һֱ³, ѭ³صסڽںǰ־ŮҲרĽա
겻ֹ³ذղμӼ, صİҲ˵ŮҪٰǰ;ټЯڵĸ, Ƕ˺ļ񡪡ȫʳ
ڽ˵ġá, 조ŮһʱͰȺŮΪҪݣͬҲŮϲļƷ
ҪļҲֻжһ޶ʳǼҪĻˡ
ϵȻڼһֱͣӣȡʳŮס󰮡Ӵ, Ѯˣͷ, Ҳڵճ꣬ڼг裬׷Ů
Ҫ׻Ѿ׵ŮŮҲڼ϶Ů, ޶, ӣ೤ȵȡ
ԴũȷգֹҵҲվ
ʹӽ˵³ĽϣŮϾƵĵǹìܸӾ죬¯¯ܸӾ, ǴʱǧҪ¯ӵ¯Ϩ¡
³ڳƼľ˲١д֣غκĽࡣ
֣Ϊ֣Ե, Ȩ, ǽ˰е, ֣̫жŶǿǿдŻ潪Ҳд˸С
Ҳᵽ֣£˵֣Ȼ֣֣̫Щˣ³ȴǳ磺ǽ˲ٶ³
ҷǳ򵥵ģֱ͵³ռȥ֣³С
֣³Ҳ붼ʼ³ˣѧ³֣³ɣѾǷǳձˡ
൱֣뿪³ǣͬʱҲ֣³Ǩ³Ѿٴˡ
֣̫һ£֣ȢŮ
д˳мӶдһ顣֣󴺻Ŀǰֻһӣ̫ͻݡ潪˲ŮŮһӡ
ԸЩݣԼôһѾеԲˣĺӶգڹоסͿˡ
Ҳá
֣̫һ㶼ЩսֱĶӴֱɣܵýϴŮԸοˡ
ȥʽҪҪ޸Ůȥ
붼;ܾˣ¼޸ŮȥǲҪǹвҪˣޣŮԼպѰһòҺ֮˼˾ˡ
ͶԽ˵ˣɵһ档
³¶еĺ˳Ҳеͣˡڵʱһ˼շҡˣǳûʲôȤҲûʲôҰģ³طѵõһ㴭ϢĻᡣ
¼£ܾǹݵġ
ǽĶǡӹˡ׷ӹҲڹǸ֣Խͳ˹ȷ[Ļơ
·ϡϣСŮӻ֬ϡӹѾЩˣ˵βģҲ˵ܱӼ˵ģ˵ܿǡŮӵȵȡ
ӹĹ󣬰ǵǶԸȥֿ
ûףԼ￴һϸѡĺӹӲӵģúܡ
Ц˵ָòͷ
Ҳͬһӹ
糿Էһڵ׷Ͱǰ
ָ˵óԣ
׷֮⣬ϲϸ
ϸʢе̡˰ʢ׷ʱȴҧϺصġֱоܳʱ䣬Ϊʲôˡͬ׷ʱͲҲ𣿣
áɵӡ˵ȻΪ

ԭôĻ©һҪϡ׷ûԣ
ڼʳϰߣ׷ϲֻϲñ󡣡һСһСģ̫¡˵
һ뿴һϰǲǸѧء
䵹϶СëͶࡣ

ǰǰûëأ
ù緹ţ˳ȥѲΡҲǵչʾһھǹǵˡ
൱ġƽΧӰ첻ǣȱҲãȱҲգֶ첻
ǵİǶԡͬҲս³İһʼͶԽͬԶʤڶ³³ģӿİҲոһյУøͬǶˡ
һʼǶϰ߹ûСҡǽغصİӵǺ󣬵һҪ¾
ɹĽ£ֻйãûҸۡûԼһҡȻҲû̹Ա츮ۡλá
˵ĸۡһңǾλеժǹˡ
ߺֻˣжС飬ʼͬһð칫°꣬ߵǾס֮ȻҲǰȺԺϾǡҡ
ԼΪūҲšǵ˹úǵҪԺΪӪֵ̣أ
ԭǸʲôģվɻʲôˡ
ԭ͸ˣиȱдأѧ峵Ҳˣȥѧڰɣ
ûбӻ˲ɶк󣬷־㲻ͶҲܰȶգνġӻҲûôҪˡ
һͷصʿӣڹҲȱͷصĻᰡǵȥԼһ󲿷ֶܵС١Ȼһʱ̵Ҳ١
ϧɱٶ࣬Լֻࡣ
̫ףǶ˲Ϻ¹ǰǱѪڵĵˡ
ܵ˵ǵ£棬Եѭ
ýи־ȥ۲Χĳǳء
ڽԣһ·޲Žĳߵס
ǻʵۣܻڡǹҲǡŮİѾ³ǡŮŲˡ
ԯϣһˡ
ٳţ⼸ÿԵɽ˺ʱ۾ɵرԲرܾèһ
§ŽĲӣСЩ𣿡
ˡЦ˵㿴ǲǸǳһнţֻ۾һ͡
ֱ۶Ծսˣôô˰
µ˸ء
жٰ
ЩҪϰٱǧ򱶡
һǳ֣Ѿʼѧˣľ굽ģ塣
Ƕٰ˵ܿСˡ
ǻȥòã
ҡͷģ
԰ּһöడ
Աߣ̺ӡǰҲô̹
ǵİն֪һӡӵȻǹǵһˡʱ򣬶ƽ
ǳΪӡ򡰴
һĳƺʱˣ֪ŮˣӦϲİ
ȥˣ˵ֻǰǵֽзһΪǹĵһӾ͸ýСԴĽзȡӡ硣
ֽˡӡΪĴŴ硣
Ĵ
յǴûġס˭ֻ֪ǽǡŮһʼǾȻȻİѡסųˡ
ʼ̾Ϊĳǡմӿʼʶľһʼûһˡ֣վߡǴϵ£ֻ֪һˣǾԡˡ˾Ȼʧˡ
Ϊٲһӣô֪
Ѿˡ˵ҪӦһҰ
ͬʱӵõϢ˵ͬһ¡
׸һһˣô֮˵ǻĲڲԶ³ĹССӡ
ӣСӣ
ζؿСӡ
ӣ˵󽫾䣿
ʾôܻǴ󽫾أ󽫾ˣҲǱɱˣֻȥСˡСģУһ³
һϢڹǵ˵ġ˵³֣ͬͬһСӣԼ꣬˳ơӡ
̰֮Ѱ׸硰롱ˣ֪֪³͵͵˱µĳӣ
׸ŵȻ֪ô֪ģӴŭȻ֪Ϊʲôң
׸ƽһ㣬ʾýţѾŮȥѾǡʾáˡ
ӻǺ칫ཻ꣬ƴӣ˵ȴ£칫ң֮ǰΧô£
ⲻǵδĻʵۺ̫
׸Ҫ˵ҼȻˣҲҪģֻʱδȻѾ֪ˣǾ͸칫ġ

׸ĳ˵Ȼ빫֮ʱŴȥСأ
ӻȻ
׸ƣȻԽԽã


628 
ǵ˶ԽͻȻðһ꺢ӽòҲܽܡ
ʱǲ, ȽغصİջؼҺ³͵һӵ¾Ҳסˣ
ǻԭ֮ƴ˴ϱ
̨ϵȻϾ͵õϢˣ˲ըˡ
̰칫, ֪֪³һʵ۵ĺӣǸк
칫һϵȻװɵէϲǵľǸϹӶܿ
Ψһ벻ͨ, ôڴʱ¶
ǸѾ, ǰ궼û֪, ͻȻͱ֪ˣ֪֮⣬ûеڶֿˣ
칫ɫпˣ칫ԭǲ֪ģ֪, ϶Ҳ֧ˡ
һ䣺ݼ, Ѯ, ұȡŮӵľͷת, ȻǴ谭ĶӳΪ̫ӵСˡ
칫ʹ״顭
ȴ룺ɱҪôɱɱ𣿰ɱɱͲ, Ͱһ㡣ɱ, ǸӦأǴƳɱá
칫Ȼ
ԭϢǸģǸӵģ
칫׽ߡǵһ󳼵ġ칫ʧݡڵֺ, ĹǶԸ, ޴, һ, ڵųҲֻʹԾֶ
һ˶ԡԾв칫Ż
־³»ʵ֮ӵ²ø֪˽յţʳˮˣҪúöһЩ֮ʿ
³ǸС̫ӵĳָպýµһ⡣
һֱԷζԸء
ʵĿǰûκοָĵطģҪӣվڴ֮ϡ
ұҪ죡
ضһգպͻһ֡
غ³С̫أ
³ѡʺĴݹأֻһ԰϶ͷ̨ˡټǸС̫ӣС̫ûо⣬³µģ֤ˣ˱£˭ĺأ
˶֪ĶӣҪ³ĶӵԭΪҲ޷˵šʱֻҪڳһʹڵļдĶവԼȻԭһТ֮ӵĸ׵ġ
Ҫɱؾ˳ˡ
ĸţһҪ³ĺӣҪʱ¶Ҳϧ
ȴӭԴԴİݷá
ȫ˵³С̫ӡˡӦ֮⣬Χеĳǳңˣһǰݷ³˳ݷһ¡С̫ӡһ٣Ҳǵһǲͼ
ûһ˻³Ĳǻʵ۵ĺӡ
Ĳǻʵ۵ģǾģ˽ӣ³ôҰضԲԣԿ϶ǻʵ۵ģ
û뵽³Ů˵Ƕӡ
͸˹
Ѹ١ؽУˣСʣĳʱл֮Ǻں
ûں棡
ˣŶ
˰ˣ䲻ʣĳʱл֮ʲôϷΪȤ
³
ˣŶԭĳԸһۡ
첻УǴ֣йӿ˲ŹۣϷˣ빫ӹۿ
ˣŶ氡
˳ȥͶԱ˵С̫ʮֽ׳ð³򣬳Ϸ
ġլҲ֮ⱻ͸¶˳ȥʱӯš
˼޲Ⱦŭ̾
ٳսԭǶڴ˴
Ϊǹġ֪³С̫ӵ£ͻȻʧĶҴ϶Ҳɣ
ȴҵҴӪȥȥæµĶ飬ˣʲô˵ˣ϶ˣ
һıԶǣĺ֮ˣ

³С̫ӾİץıԶ
Ϊ˰³С̫ӽץΪ˶㿪̨ϳչƣȻ׳ʿ󣬼ĺ
﷢Լڲ֪оͳ³֮ˣ⹫ǱĿɽպҪЮС̫ӻ˳ȡȨļˣ

ģȻͶϣ˵һԣǮһ׬֪ǰעСҲģڴһɣɲɣ
ȻһʵҲ׳ԼĺûᡣͰٵһЩ˵ͶϣĴҲŭ
˵˵ⶼɵģҲûŰ
ܱ˵Ͷϣҹȥһѯһ£Щ˵ʵΣͲҪˣ԰Щ˶ϳȥ
ԸĻҲԽʲô
ʲôأ
ȻԸҲǸˡԽԽԼʲôƺڱ˵֮Сÿһѡ񣬿ģºȴС
ǰҾ֮бܻ񡣿ʱҾȴû䵽У
³С̫ӣΪպƾ˶̨ѻҾеǣ
ҾȻڹǣȻĺų֮⣬ûеڶ˿ԺҾ
³ӦΪͳӪֱ³ֻöֶξҾʧȥģΪ߹
ڣֻмʮĵļҽ벻ǧĸױֻЩˣز̨Ҳ𻨼ҵĴ졣
ֻܹڹǰѾû˿صʿҲ߲ȥ
ֻѡתͷ³ȹ£պػط̨ûػҵҫ
ڣЩǰͶΪĻʹȴ֪һֻ¶Ӳ³ơ
㷲֪Ĵź󣬵н˹ڶʹһˡ
˿˻ű³ߣٿ⹬վ֮ĪȫǻҲ
ٻص˵иˣڵż

Щ˶Իˣˣ
ļҽҲˡûֻԻָտɴ
ԼҽεĿ⣬пԡ
˵ﻰҲʧȥҽǵġ˵ҾǶ³Ķ֣Ѿˡ
ǰͶϵѾʼһ⣬˵ǳһδʲôʱ°ѻʺ̫ӭȥ
³ѡʺģǰûе֣ڼȻС̫ӣȻҪʺģ
ⲻҲǻ󽫾ġĿġ
˶ΪʵĿľΪгһְ³ϻʺ֮λС̫̫֮λԻʺ̫дȻǷ̨ȨƵˡ
칫칫ȥ󣬿϶Ի󽫾Ϊװ
û˻ɻȲ칫ڷ̨˶б󽫾ֹСҹ䡣һĴ󽫾˭ҪǵֻҪĻҾˡ
ҽҲ飬Ѿôġ֧ߡ̨˵ˡ
ȻʵǲõģǿԱ칫ͳˡ
³С̫ӣ˵֧֡˶֪³С̫ˣѵ칫˻װŲ֪
δ¼ȥǻ칫˵˺ģҲº칫ġ
Ͼ³ΪʲôС̫Ժ󻹲ܹǲ칫˲Ըأ
ֲ²һ˵ġµ칫˵ͬġ
õȻӭ³С̫ӣ³Ϊʺ󣬲С̫Ϊ̫ӣܰ°ա
ҽΪ³ҲܾġС̫ӣѵ뵱ʺ󣿲С̫ӵ̫
ʮֽţĹΪšҽǺ͸еնպ󣬴Ҷ˼⣬ҽҲΪʲôԸȥ³̸һ̸أ
һǶõ°
ң³˶֪С̫ӵ£ΪʲôҪأ
֮£ֻٴ̽
ϣӦϽټˣڵﹻأȻҪʵ۰칫ѹԽԽã
һҪһЩ׳ƲУ
ãȻĳصУһ˵˶˿
׷סӦͻȥټѣҪٸ£
˶֪󽫾ҪС̫ӻˣ

ɫҰף׹Ԩ
ӹȵȻҲõϢ
ǰŽӵ³С̫ӵĿţΪʲôžʹ˵³˻ʵ۵Ķӣϴˣ껹һأ
أŶ֪ˡ
ʱӹҲ׷׵Ÿ
˵³һµĺӡ
˵иǱµġ
˵³ǻźӱϳ̨ġ
öˣҲʼȷʵһ¡ȻƼʲôϵУ˵Ӧɱ³С̫ӣ
ϾƼҲ뵱ʵۣȻƼ˶γʵǸҲ֪õᱨƼҡһֱЩˣǶˣ뱨Ƽˡ
ɻʵ۵С̫պ󳤴ˣ᲻ᱨƼأ
³ҪС̫ӻǸɱġ
µϢǡ롱һʢ٣ͻʺ̫ӻ
Ͼʥּ֮ǻʵ۵ĸ̨˭ẦδĻʺС̫ӣΨᣡ
һ³С̫ᶨ֧ߣ
ԣؾͼ˺ü˵ʿ
ʿ˵գվڹС̫һߣʼ鳼Ϊβ˹ȴϳʹΪֱ̫ԲĸӶӭط̨Ǻξģ
ľս
Ƽҽʵۡ칫ȵϹȫڷ̨
֪ˣƼﻹл·
ǵ̨ȥ
ֻҪû³С̫ӡ
Щ˾ûˡ


629 Ҫһ
شҪ³С̫ӡ
̽Ǳ빫ǡ
̽ӣ·һ·Լ, װһ, ˡӡǡ
ǶԸ˶º, ˾գӲ˸ߡص֪³ˡ֮͹ЦƵŮӣֵܣ
ڶ·, ˡ
Դ峤ȥ, ӹҷ·һӶסˣҲûеڶ, ԸΪصĸǶڹظӵʲô, ʾ, Ǳ
ûϵ˹ϣһŭ֮, ҲٹңֱӾͽ峤ж롱, ˭Ӧ˳Ӿͷ, ӦľͲʳˮ, ڽɷ紵, Щ¹ڳ˱, ۲
, շ˺ӹȡ
˺ӹ֮, ؾͰѸҶˡǲҪ, ֺֻ׳
ӹȵصİվųɶڸ֮ũūȻǡūҲֻΪ˰ѡƽʱʮбŰ֮·һĶ£ҶֳΡͷû˰ƽ㡣
鶡ҲǰƬ飬ͷˣֵңֵҼңֵͷϣԼʮ궼δһأеҲ·ǽĻ
ԸذնҲԹޣ£أδӣ־ͰˣΪūˡ
˴˿̣ذˣ䷲¼ߣʮ֮ϣʮ֮£Գˡ׳
׳⣬۲ʵһ붷ǮĺӹˡѸպ̸ֱҪǡ
˱ʾ˭УǶա
˵ǰǡߵʳʵҵģֻǱЩС͵͵ǡؿҼǵǰˣȻǸҪ£
˵ӹȻƣǰҵȶǱСƭˣպҪӹһֻҴӣǣǶգ
û뵽Щ˺˵ԾˣЩ˷˳
˰ɵļǮʱͳü˵Ǯ̫һʱû취㰡
شҪ˱㡰ġκеıӿҪ
ɵôκ֮أ
˱㣬˵Ľ˵һͨκе¡κǸģ˭ס˭ġ
ǰ̫κТ˳̫ҪԼֵܵǳκˣ˾Ͱпⷿ˸ɾǮҲ͵ˡ
أʲô
ˣӾĴ˰
̫Ϊκʹ֮Ҳò̫Զ̫һϵˡ
κһĸĸκΣͰκ֮˳κԽ˱ҪԶԶĲС
ⲻ˾͸ˡ
˳üʵɣһ˼ҲҰڣ֪ˣҲҪԲ˶ߣˣԼð
ӣôӢ˵ãǷˣ˵ܵһۡ
˵Ǻ棿
˵Ǻ
أΪ
˵ӿ֪֮ңûأǧΣ˼Ϊ֮㣬֪߼ʣҲ֮ɴԨ񣬴˵Ƴ˷磡ޣɽҲΪҲ
ԽԽ棬һۡ
˵֮ͱ÷ǳжӱСģǲ֪ӵҪҪⱦҪǲҪҲ̧ȥˡ
شŭõ
˱ŻˣֻðѺ͸ء
ǰδһ֪˼֮ﰡ
Խ˷𣬼Ϊƣܣα״ϴұҸǰټ㣡
ʱҲᣬϲлӣ
Ȼȥѵõġ
ۿֻ¾ΪǺˡ
˸ߣ֦ݶף޻Ҷ÷֦ȴͨ⻬׼ӣơ
⺣תȦ֮̾ȻǺɫģ£
Աߵͷǰǰ
ǺɫȾģһȾģȾ˺ü鹦ء
Сᴥ֦⣬޵⻬񣡡
̼ͷǰǰ
񰡣ġ˵ˣֵǮɫҲÿȾһȾǻá
ٿֲʯϣЦϵǳģǳʯͷϵģ
̼Цǰǰ
˵Ҫʯͷһõģź조
ܾãҪǵ˵ĻһܰµǮ׬
ؼ˺Ͱ˿еĻ˰˳ɡø߹ٺշˣ澼ڳиǷӡ
Ȼ̸м㣬Ը¡
ؾǱУлͰС̫͵
Ϊɣ͵³ߵĺӣ
صͷʱɣ͵Ļɱ
һȻɣ¼ױӦǲˡ
ʹӶҶɽΪЧΣӦ´ˣ
ʹӦ֮ضأҪȡС
㲻ҪҪʣ
̾Ͳˡ˼ƶ̻ȥȢ澰ٰ࣬ᣬ澶⣿òԸ
澵ƮƼùӾ£һһϵڹˡ
̷ݵȻˣұƴһܻŻͺúͺӹˣ
ߺѯ澣˴ԣŷ
ˣŵ֮ˡ
峤⣬עһΪءؾͽм˷˽ְھУѮղŷŻؼ
Σѡеһˣ취̽ùеϢ
·а
ԾһӦһʧˡ
˴شصʱȴ˹ǵϢ
Ȼûֻ˸Ϣ
˵³ϲ֣֪һ꣬͸³ѾͶϣƴӡֻǲջ󣬹Ǹӵദ
ʱֵ֮գչǣʱӣ򲻴ӣԿ¡
ֻ߲ûóգ̿͵ˣԼһ֡
̴µ³Ͳˣ᲻ʹ
ԼҲ̽ˣϢȴ³ӼȻ˵ϲ֣ڳ̽գȴʼ޷̽ڳǡ
֮˿ֻһãؽ𲻵͡
ڳȴͰһ㣬ഫֻйĸɳ룬³ġ
˵һĵطֻ³ȷʵգڶࡣ
Ҳȷʵ˵ֵһµİˣ䰮նгֱڳǣ糿ʱڱض䱦
ǸСȷˡǰ³ÿγУ˳Ե׳֮⣬ǳС飬мʮܡ
˳ƣ׳ǻ󽫾
˳ƣ󽫾ڷ̨ʱ³顭
һȥѶ
ӡ֤󣬾սپ
ǱǸʿմ磬뵶ǹ
պ󣬹һ
һܸԯ˿Ʈ裬Ϯ˳绹ŮӵЦ֮
֮ͣ󣬳һòŮӱ̶СһһӢ׳ʿǰŴŮ
һ۾ϳӢ׳ʿǻ
ʱһСҡҡڰڵҪ
ŮܲˣֻŻߵĿǰߣ˰ССһڵϾĴϹܡ
һδٻ
ˣ³С̫ӣôô׽ӽ
Īթ
ؾĴߣֻһϮš
Լ֮ˣˣ
ӦŵߺһȺеС
з
ﾪһ亹ȣԵ
Сſűߣ˫ֱͷһ˫۾ƣĶ
ǸòŮӡϥأȡߵĿסԵȣֻһ
мǵģ·Ŀġ
Ѿ겻ӣɱ⡣׷ȥ
ǿӽסأȥ˵زܳΪս
֪˲Ǹˣȴǰͷ
֪죺ҽ̿£
Żϴ𣬴ɫ˵ĵطðսʿӦŵȻ׷ڻ󣬺ƺƵȥ
ӷŮӡЦɳƻò
ŮӡʱŭĨðǰףǺ죬ԶԶһȷʵˡЩˡ
ӣҲǰɽġŮӡЩȻʧһΪ
ЦΪɹػϵɽ»𺣣ǹ֣ɽӲȻȷʵôģҲǱšЧҡ˼򽪼ΪʼʼûҲһڴӦ
ȻҪɽһԵһˡ
ˣεȹأǸٰˣҪùһˣҪҵȺã
߹ȥڵſŵСĶ˵ǲǣ
СЦס˵Ĳӣ˵Ķԡ
СժǹһŮģӦǹ֮ӣŮ˵ضһ˵ĺӣΪԴӽûˣֻйˡ
ǵҲ⣬Ҳȥֱ浽ǲģ˭Ǵӵ׵ϴΪӣ̴Ӻ
Ķ˼Ǽڴ˴ĺӡ
Ķֻ֪ʮʮû˱ĵˡ


630 ժǹճ
ٴΡ, Ȼʮָӡ
һ, ЩҾȻƺȻĺ, ιǣЩʿתԾɻᱳ
һ, ³񲢲Ķġӡ
Ϊνһǧˣ
Ȼ֡͡ǧˣһҲҪöˡ
һΪˡϷ, ֻܴǧ˳ɾһСϸܵĲ֪֮̽ʣµһǧȫĲ
˼˵Ƕʾֻӡ󽫾ĵǲ
֪Ϣ֮, ͷӿ, ·ػ
һѹԼҪڹ, ûеڶ·һȻˡ
֮ǰǱĴˡսϾǾһܻÿһ춼ֵøмȱӡ޷Ҳǻزȥֻ̨ܹڹͼ¶ѡ
ڹʵҲǴпΪġ
³, Ҳ˵ŮҰĲСǰ泯ڻ³ʲôأ
ΨһҪСĵǱڶα񱻳˸Ȼභһ
Ŀǰδо³⡣Щ׽һʼļװʾڵıܲ棻֮ǰڸ, ޷Ӵʿ, ȴͻȻ, ˽Ӵ̸
ְѻҾˡ
Ǯ, žҲ߲һ, ȻҰһǧ˾ô, Ͳһͷ
Ѿ֮⣬·ߣ
ҪΧȥһҽʵ
ΧɱסΪ׵ļɡ
ҽ죬ǰƬ̾ͷֳʤ
ʵȻھУȴûϹսҲȲҰս֮ʦֻһҽ׾ٵĽܡ
һˣȴֻΧɱҪ˷ߡ
뵽һܣĪǹ뽫Ǹ

Ǳɱˣ
뵽ϲǡ
ϲǣ£һΨһľǡ󽫾ˡֻеǡ󽫾ʱмֵܱ˿ء
Զս֮ʦ˵Ҷǲҡ³ŰͷҲսԶˡ
ǰĸױ⣬սһָ򣺲ǳòɱףǸ׿н֮ûн֮ʵ
Ҫɱѡĸס
׻Ϊ̫ˡ֮⣬û˾µĵطҲ˿ϧ
ǰǳݸףΪ״ӲսǷǳǵġ֮ʶ״Ӳԭǡ
׿һֱѻǸŵ˸ʱУ̸ʱķɣףʵҲһͨˡ
Ҵ壬ҡһֱı仨ңһֱûȵᡣηսηһֻңȴûеĽնһͷ
ӵһγ𣬾ͷպһҪսϡһսһһûõİ衣
ֻսϣֻǧʱġ
ǵǣϾڻûʥּ£սʤҲҪġд֮
ٴδڽѵľء
³ûи˵Ļᡣֻһ·ս
ʤˣˣûл·
Ҫôѡأ
ûж˼Ƭ̾ö⡣
ʱѾסˡ
˿ǰһ˸סصһѽЦ㵹׳֮ʿұȶһʤȻ㣬ܣ¶ҿͷүүΣ
ǰδŪϷˣ֮ˣҲԸ񡣼ҽȻ֣ҲûĵãЩˡ
ò׳ˣɿɿɡ
òȻɫ䡣ǰȣǻڵλ֣ڵ֮ӣΪӣ踸
ڴ˵˵֡Ҳҿǰûʲôʶȹӣ㵱һٻҲסսżִ֮˵
Ȼӣպ̫ӵҪˡ
ȻУȴʤٱ
ѾɱģҪҪ˻ִϣһоҪȥ
˶˼УۿҪСҽǶǰȣֹ˼ɻ棬ҳ֡
ڽ䣬ͻȻһҴ
ҽڲԥ֮ʱ˾ʿûжһӵϣ˲Ͱָڵء
ȻҪġ
ﷴЦеĺһͷȮ
ҽǶԻȻͬЩϰߣڹίҪйһ£ܽܡ
ҪȥȰûȥˡ
˵
Ȼ˰طſ
ػͷ米ˣ񶼴˶
ٴӸһЦٱһΡ
ҽǣ
ǣղűȹˣ򲻹˼ң
رΣһǱ˴һǱһȺִǹìꪵʿ׽Сһѹڵϡܲˡ
ʱٱȣеʤ֮ˡ
ؼ𽣣Цѵ㣡δ䣬ϡ
ͦӭϣ֮£ְ࣬˶ˣֱӺҴ
ҽǣ
ʿ£ǰְظ÷ˡ
رǹìѹס֫ſڳڹ꣬ƿڴʺ˻ڶʮ˴
ҽ˶ص죬ǰȥȰûˡ湻
ڰٰ֣طſΰѽӵǰЦ
ҽ
ҽ۵˿ˡҲȰ
ˣڹˡû˵ҸʲôްǱϱƵġ
ҽǾôŻﶺƵϷˣ߰˻زŰݣ⻹ΪۿҪƻˣٲ߽ҪסҰˡ
ˣһʼֻ֣Ҳ£ǻһɨա
ˬˣȴû˰ץô˶ˡ
ҽǾòסⲻŷŻɽ
ЦҾǵҡôˣֻʥˡ
Ȼ£˵ӹˣҪԡӭ³С̫ӻط̨
ȻԸҲãԸҲգˣǷǴ߲ɵġȻҲֱӴ˴ˡ
ܳԾƲֱֲ̫ˣδػϵءû뵽ŻȥЧôá
˼ȻˣȻҪȥ
ͻģԻΪ֮˱ҪصȫɢҪŻغӹȡֻʱܾóһǧˡ
ڻǰڣһ˱ɣ
Цʺڵϣս£ǽСܰɣ
ﱻһЦһڴˣ˸ҷ
ͷһţġ
ԲһξԻΪⲻƣⳡ̲ôСİɡתģԸ
Ӧºˡ
˹⣬Ե
ڳǰ˾仰
սܣһ潫ʬнʬҰġ
ҽţʱŭ̾Ҫȥɱġ
øƿС佫
ȴͻȻһ
˵ģǹҪ£
󽫾ҪڴսӴܣҪ
ֹСҹġ󽫾Уӵּ̾ͻᴫ£
ôһ̣Ҫߡ
漴ȴһǰͰѻұˣҲûӡ
ǲ˵ûҪأ
أ
Ļɱ
󽫾ǻᱻɱ
ȥֿӹȴģӦǽ䣡
ŵ·Ƿߣûɱ
֪飬ˣͻȡ
ҲܻΪʲôҪҪǡ
﷢汾ȥǺӹɱ⣡ӹ
֪ӹǺεȹصʿ仰ˣȻƽʱҲûôӣһװ붷ǮĺӹһӶԲôʳɣ
ɱЩӹȱͿӹˣ
Ҿͬɽͻϯȥ
ժǹ˵ӭսӹƼȥˣߵǰָźӹȵķ㿴Ŷ
Ŭ쳤Ҳû
أ
Цȥʳ׷ԡ
ϲ׷˾˷ܵѧУģֿɰ
˼ֻҰСС棬ѧѧܰĸĳ̶ȡ
ĸһСչˣЦеİ£Ķ档
ĶߵԱЦôСٲͷǶ
Ķߵ˰ڰ֣ΪˣмĶһ͹ˡ棬βһӣ
ӳ
ߵͷĴ㣬УڵԴʵڳиӣҵȲðաһһƣβࡢнѡ֮ͬӲѡ
ԥһڵ˵ͷðɣҲˡ
ߵϲĳȥдţĶҪѧС
ĶԱߣŸСѧУеĸǣԽԽУʵû취ԺԣСſȥԵûּˡ
ˣΪʲô

ںȥ̣Сɵӣ


631 12ǰ
ȥ
µһ, ֶµĲݷӡ
ǵı߽ðһƬ̵Ұݵķӣ˿ϲ
ҲѴðéݸòˡ
ݷǰǷǳϲķӵ, 죬ôǮ, ˼ھӾܰѷӸǳʺһ˵صˡ
Ժ֮˿ȥгһ, Ůȥֵ֯Ǹ, Ϳȥߡ֯廨ˡС, ҲȥѧУѧһѧ³ֺѧ, ѧ˾ͿȥдĻ, г͹ſڶ, ǳܰջӭ
ͬ³, ɣϣ֯廨Ѿ˳гֵ֯Ŀ˳ˣڹǣŮǮǳ³ܵĹС
Сӣ, дһȶ̽ŵ³־ͽ˸ˡ
򶼸ϲֵأ꿪»ĵصָ࣬Сӹĸ
ӹ˰, ֵҲǿԷ¸ġ
һ롰ӹķ賤Ѿð, û˰ѺӹͶȥ֮ǰ, Ѿʼֺӹ, ǶԼǧټƴгл߼ٻ֡
ȽѺӹֽʱһʼŰٰȥƣɱ￴ҷ޼ץֲúֵصģԼȴ˽ˡ
˻ҪѾѪ˾ȳѵõɱ˸ɿȥôû˸ء
ԿѻҲǷǳֵ֧ģֻҪõǼǣ򣬱˱˵ĵؾͿԿˣѳġ
ĵذۣ˭ȵõǼؾ˭ġ
еֻѣ֡ûʱûоȥ֣ðһǳصҵֵֶصˡ
ȥǼǣѵظռˣٳǮ˿ѣһǲҪ̫ǮģǰѵطѲݶˣĲݸˣʯͷʲôɾΧһˮʲôҲһµȵȡȫ
Ȼ󣬰ֿѺõĵ֡

ҵԵʣڷֹĻʽڹرԡ³Ҳ˵ֳǡ̳ǡǼҲǳֹģʽ³ĳӣûƵҵΪѿ
Ҳ֪ǺǻȻǰԶԷģҲֻ˽й淶еĺȺ֮ͷ޳ٶȷй棬˻ˮ㣬±˻¡
ĿǰǶԽͶа
֮ǰǼǵ˿˵һʽġˣΪ˱Ϊ˻вȨߵȦΪжԡ࣬ǵصġˡڴ˵ϷвΪҪɵΡ뵽³Уǲܱ˽Ǯж٣Ҫٸɡ
ȷʵЩһʼȦءՔ˲١
һߣһЩҵ˶Ը⵱ѵصˣȴԸȥֵأΪֵҪһ꣬ʱ̫áһڹǶûסҲЩ˶ˡˣﶨӡ
ѵֻǳʺǡûΣգ԰סǮݽᣬڿĻ벻ˣܺܿ쿴ر
ֵص˵ȻͿɵˡ
ܶ˶ϰ˵ūкֻ֪ܶҪȥǼһ¾ͿԱԼġеǺһΪҪ˰ˡرǴӺӹİȥֱ˵ĵأҲԸԼеء
˵ҵ֮֮չΪӹ˵Ĵӿ롣
൱ĺӹˡ
ߴӺӹ̨ͨıؾ֮أǿ൱һǣԺӹȰӳӹȺ󣬶ʶӡ
ߵҲһܺõáǵǶ֪³ϲˡ
ǰҲãӱҲգԭʲô⣬Ů٣ҲνֻҪЩֵأѳбԽԽ
ǻƣգϸֶΣʹѡ˹ǡ
ӹҲ˺ӹȵϢ
ǲ֪ڼʮĵطǲòġӡǱӴܡ
û뵽ܵô졣
ף³ôأ
³ǧ֮⣬ȴˡʵۡţѵⶼܽη
仨ˮĻǲʣ
ǸСˣ
ֻ֮УȴҸ
Ҳ飬ô᲻Сأ
ӷ̨ǧ˼Ҿɱˡǧ䣬Ҳв򻨼ҾΧ׷½ء
Ҵ֮Ӻӹ׳սֻֻӣҾɢ֮еˣƴܡ
ǻҾֻ׷ƼҼҽɱ
ۿԼ˱һУȡס㣬ˤǹìȥԴ
ԽԽ٣ҲҴΧһɱ
ضŻƿڴٴʺ˻Ҷʮ˴ȡҪս
Ҫǰѻܣ
ҽǺΧĻұǶú޲Ҫظɱˡ
ȴӺ˳ҽǾȵķֻﻹһ·
ͷرȣǸմӳһûУѪˡ
һĻĿѡڵϻʮ˳ǹѹŶöͣҪƴ
׳ЦЦ꣬㣬һͷһ
ҽ
ˣ
شûܹô裬ͷ**ð
Ӷɳˣ˶ըˡ
תָЦҷС
һȺʿԥŰѳǹƿ
ﳰЦūһٻضֻĳ򣡡
Ļ˾ﳤȥ
رڵϣŰϵ⿪޵쳤Х𵽺ѪĴһҪȡĹͷһҪĹͷã
ǵҽҵһپಿշתصӹȺʲôҲˣѺӹϴһգˡǮȫҪľˣ˭ȥɱܶѳɽѪɺӡӹգ˱ܵҶδ⡣
˼ҽЮܵǳȥ
ǷԵĶɱˣǺǸɴճţʥּҲ˳˵ʲô
ǲãֻˡҲ˽ʮȻȫͨգҪЩΧǡ
ʮǶ
ܿ͵õϢˡһֱѲΣԺ̽Ѹٻš
˼ѽ⡣Ķԡ
Ȼǽ߳ֻǳУտɶ޴İۿЩղͣӿڹ仧ϣЩա

·ϾѾ̽˵׷ʲô£ҧһ͹ڽǰƴ˾֣
ҲҪơҪû󽫾úҡ
ͲµˣʱҲȻŭɱ㣡
һ֣컨ϾһŲ̵Ĵɰٹ˿ɣ𻵡
ﱻһ˱㵹һ֣ٸճì˾ͳΧס
˾֪²Ϊֻ־͸
˲ϢһйűŭĴɱͱƽˣ֮ضûУΪޡ
ǰû䣬ʵһ鶼ûȻϽñе·ȫҰ·ӡսһܸɵõ䡣
ȴִҲôûá
ʱץú׼ʱץúãûôͶ
űĻ˵󽫾ƱҪġԻ
ŭҪҹ͵һҰԾ
ðɣͼװشˣȻ彣ͷڡȹһģٳ˵㵱ʱǱĸˣʵûΣ

էէŭէе㷴Ӧ
ȰϷƭƭأһƭأģӮ㣬ҾӷĿ㱨Σɱˣ

еûӦ
Ľе˼ƾˣ
ԺһƬհס


632 ơ顱
ս֮, ̶أֻܿڱܣɱѪ, ˿޺Űģƴȴܲ
ô̾һǰǰգǾʧ, 綫׵Ǻ, Ƕֻܣ֪ܣֻȺܡ
һв档
ڻԼҵľпƵļ¼ȴ̹, Ǻõġ
ΪͿԽס, Ϳס, óȡ, ߣ
࿴ֻ߸, պǰȥ
û뵽ǻСҲ֪ôƾ֡
ʲôˣ
پ֣Ҳ֪֪Ĵ󽫾ȥ, Ҳ֪ǰһ֧Ҫǵ
Ҫƴ˾ֺ, ֻҪѰǡš߾ˡ
Ҳ죬Ѵ춼֧֦, ʮͿԱɼ, ǧ
, ɽһߵ̳սģ·ǧ
ȥɢƬ̣̾˿̽ںδΧɱ
´Ҿͷ¡
ĸҽƳһǰСĶ˵֪ƼҡΪֻһˣҲұ緶
뻨ʲô꽫ţٴ󽫣˾ȻȴǴ³
ǰսϣʹǴ˵нҲԵнͷ²ͿġϾսǸΪǻұԲбɱ԰
֮ǰٳǻ˵սһһͷһе㡭ˡ
ʡ̫񻨼ˣ
åҰ˲Ż¡
»أʬһǿ
ο˻˷ˣ
أؾʹءһαһκݣһαһ
ɼǻˡ
ⲻǻı԰
ҽǴϻԽԽģ䣬˵ҲΪѡ
ܰɣǼǽϣǼҽˣǻҼӣ·ϡ
ɲܰɡҲͻȻˣܣһ⣬ֻԽԽ裬ԼͻȻġ
ǻڻң滹лϱЩҽҲԥˣȰһȰȰ˻ľͿ԰ѻȹΡβÿԲһӡ
жӵİ
ҲС
еԶ
οڴҲãͷ³ǵзѣƫƫסǵţʹҲӡ֪ˡֻ̰ѻҾȥ
ǼҽֻԼ͵͵취
˵ͳóĻѻߡߣһأһˣȻ˷̨βˣ
˾˵ⲻаͷԻҴҲ˵Ư֮Ա˼ɻΪıǹĻȥˣֻ²ȸκòѾûˡ
۾߿ԣ̨ܣҪܣߺøβ
֮ǰҲŬһѵġǸҸŮˣﱻڹҲˣƽʱûʲôǲ˵⡰衱Ǳأɴ͸Ů˺ˡ
Ǿ뷽跨Ѱ˽ǳˣ˵ڹû취˵ģŮˣҰŮ˴û󽫾ѡͿȥˡ
Ҳ˵ˣⲻⲻýˡ˵Ҫˣ̸Ƹ𣬶ҪƸ꣬˾ͿԽӽˣûģֻҪǮ࣬Ƹа
ǼҽǱϽѰýˣƸŮûɡ
մժǹĻһĽʱɫ䡣
ҽǿˣٿ֣ⲻǿŮǿϻˡ
ﲻˣ欣ò
˸Ͻ˶ͻȥ
ҽǸˡֲϸʣֻôԴ֪̽ԭЩ˴Ŵ綼³·
ֱԶ⹫ǵŮ˶л
ҹ䣬ֱ
ҽǱһǻء
˼
ʿɱ裡
ս浶ǹȡ
ƿԣٰΡǽϵֱԼƲߣȴҶżҽһһʮȫ˵
룬ֻðѡѭӡһ˵ˡҲйܡ
ҽһ˵áȻҪӣΪʲôҪСأ
ٷ׷ȰһҪɱء
㼸ݻɽպسɴ󻼣
ɴ渾֮ʣ
˼

ֻٱһ˵Ϊ˷ֹ³ºָ
һ³ΪɱңĸڣͲˡ
⵹ͦеġ
ҽǶķˣҲԸˡ
˿
ôһ̣ôһ֮
漴ͷ
ǻҪؽңҪվڱǰߵλϣ
³Ǽưٳĵǲպػãᣬģ
ǰǵɽ𺣣Ҫȥһ

̨
Դ˿ŹȥһֱڵϢܶκ˵ڵɱ³С̫ӡ
³иС̫ӵϢҲѾڷ̨ˣֻǻûдԴӵ֪Ϣ֮ͲЩɳ룬°ǹ
ֻҪС̫һͿ԰˷ųˡ
칫Ѱ칫ûѰҲһʱʼΪ֮
칫Ȼˡ
Ѿˡ
ڷ̨½³ķ¡˵³Ǹǻʵ֮ӣ˵³֮ӣ
ϧǣŵ˲ࡣ
Ƕ³򣬾ĶӣҰĶӵڴҲĺӡ
̨Ҳң֮ҲŮв̤±Ҳʼ
µŮ죬˺ӣ²ɱˣҲԶԶߣߣҲūΪĸ
ԣȻ³ѺӴ˿֪˵ӵһǿ֮ڿڵģĸһû⡣
³ôڱƵĸء
ʲôֵ
ⲻǺ
ô³ķ·˰̸µȤ
Ƕ³ˣûϻʺȻϻʵۺءұƻʵ۸ء
³


633 
³лʵ۵Ķڷ̨ɵӰԶԶǸ
ֻǿֿЦ, ʵǻʵ۱˵Ĵڸ̫ˡǰ칫, г, ѹͷաֱ, ʵڷ̨յĿӰҲֻѡʺһ¡
ȺͻȻʧ, ֻ³һ֦㣬ų̂Է׷, ԺҲһֱվڷͷ˼⡣ҲӡŮΪĹ, 򡱵һ·߹һ˽ӡȫˡ
ر³ȱߡڷ̨³˶⵽һ֮ʱлӡĴ, Ƿ³
, ôܱ˸߶أ֮ǰԹԱϡߣΪ֪Ӱ
Ƕǻʵۺ³ᷢ¡Ѿʼ׷³, ֮ǰò͵µ³³Ϊ˸ҵϱͣ³Ҳٴαˡġ˻Ҫ˵ˣ³ϵĶడ
֮Ҳ³Ǽ, ɵö˿
칫²Ѿáʵš´̨ˡ˶û֮ڿ, Ҳ¾ʵˡ
ڻʵû, Ҳڵһλʵ۸ô졣ûʵ۵ȻУ޾, г, ɣ
칫֮Բؼһֱڹ, ϶Ҳڷ¡
ҪĻǴѾһˡȵ۲ŮɫӢţֻ»ʵһӡʵ۲ûֵܣҲû岮Ҹ֧ҲĶ֮ˡ
칫ڹģҲһͬġ֪һλʵ۵׻䵽˭ңҲ㡣
ںˣȥѰŵĵӣ³һ
ʱ˿̣û˻ȥ³µĵʲô²ǻʵ۵ġйҪһпܵ´㸲Σûˣ
һһĹܵȥ֪ͨڹ칫оˣ
û˵ôֱףֻǰڰڣϲ޵ġʾ³иӣ
಻Ҳһˣ³и˽ӣͬ죡
Ҳ֣³кӣʲôɸ˵ģΪʲôġĳ˵¶һ˻ϲӣ
ǸˣǵȻܲˡǲҪˣҪʵСǿ˵٣˵һһ룬ǸͬʱȻʱ񳤱һȥģһľҷЦ
Ǵʫ鳩̸ʱΪ˸ϳҪ˵һ˵֪ŵġ³ӡһ¡ҲΪ˸оС𿪣Ҫԡ̬£ֻǿʵ۵ЦȻЦʵϲĻ⣬ʵԵ³֮ķ̸Ҳβ룬ò˥
ͬڼг̬ȣҪϲ衣
֮󣬡Ϊʲô³Ҫˡµԭͱ廨ˡ
ս۶Ϊ³Ҫˡ
˰³ܷ⡰ֹ³˵ˡҪ˵һ̨ҩƵĿģɻʵ۵ıأȻǱģ⡰ֹˣʵû׽㣬Ҳ׵һˡ
ʵ۵ĽкӡҺӵܿǻʵۣͺֵÿĿˡ
֮ʱ̨¶ֹ˻ʵ۵ĺӡϲϢ
һӾͷԷˡ
ֹ˭Ĺϵ󣬸Ӿ⽪ĸ󻼣ûϵŮ˾Ȼء
ҲȢ˰ɡ
룬ȥ˸ּڵУСʥּ˷̨һ˵ĻͲˡ
̨ôɲġ
ֻʥּȥ칫
ΪҪһЩֶΣ칫״ӦֻǴǴץ˼Ѿεˣ칫ǰռܵϣһûɱأ칫Ѿˡˡ
Ȼ칫ʹӦˡ
½ʥּдһ飬̲֮ȥ
˳ò˼顣
ʥּһ־󻩡
ǰ˵⡰ֹ˻ʵ۵ĶӣŻʵ۾ּ͸Ϊ
Ѿ˳𣿻ʵִ˰ֹ
ʵ۶ôôðֵҲôԴɣҲ˵ԭǻʵ۹̨شŵͷ𣿾ΪڹŻʱѻʵ۱ˣʵ۷˸ּ˳ѵӳ̫ˣŰѰֹȥģ
⡭
ʵ۹Ȼ̫ᣬ°
ǰֹĺô죿ʵǲҪˣ
ֹ̫˰
ʵǲҪء
ûϵ̨µİնʥּȻֻǳЦһʵۣͬһ°ֹȻûˣ
ǹȻеϧǸС̫ӡǺҲû̫ϧ
վÿ֮ǰ̫ˣҪһ˵칫ұ˶Ŵˡ
Ƕʥּܵúܿ죬ǲܰ
һûʲôôܰ³أ³δĻʺ󰡣ʺûˣС̫ô죿
˶֪칫ûڼҡԶŵпһֻſڶţµʵʵģ˾ǰſϯţ˳˶ţ²˽š
ľֱӲˡ
ңǶǽģôܸ˶أԲԣ
˼ҴˣǲԵģ˾վԱһǴޱȣǲԵģ
̫ˣ
ʵ̫ûйˣ
ֱӰײĻǷǽ˺ܿ춼һ£ҳˣһ˶ˣ
û칫칫ֶһڡ
ҲС˼Ұ
Ҵôˣе֧ɢʣµӵܣµĵȫ˵Ҳмˡ
⼸ٸأ
칫ˣ˶ġ˵칫ʱгӺһСšҲ˰ʣµأ
Ķȥˣ
ǿ˶ã
ҴŶƺʲôѾ޷١ˡ
Ҳȣεıˡ˽ȥ
ëΪʱ̣ëֲʲôҪëܷ־Ȼû˵һʱ䡰ëֻԼŴ򿪣ѼΰʲôһЩȻϼؽֺţ
ôܴأ
ôҴأ
֣ܵ˰ǣëҲ˴ëѼֵܡӡӲ¸ȥˡ
ΪǡܡҴ
̨µİպҴʱŷ֣ô򵥡
̨ϣ칫ͬʳ
Զ棬
ʱһƼҼҽǰ
칫ˡ
ҽ칫һۣͷ۾ʲôҲ⣬֮ǰ˵ұţﶫˣɫû䡣
üҽͷܲöԸ
ԥƬ̣ߴٲſڡ
ܹ¡
ҽ˵¡
¾Ƿа˽ӡ
ȺӵġÿſûͱˣźӱŰϱ̨оţŵųĵƽʱģµǰÿ춼ǰ֡
ϵ˶£ûؾŶӵͳ콥ǰӵְĶ˷ë
ӵһһ࣡
һֻǵŶӣڶͱ䳤˵죬Ѿһ֣һ죬ҶŶܡ
ҽҪҪֹ¡
ȴǺ¡
еԽ٣ʱ˾ԽٰȻڰ˹ˣĶõġ˭֪ǲƽƽȥλأ
ǱšһͷġһֱĴ㣬ܻҪȥʱųʵۺ͵칫һߡٰ칫ͻʵ۷Żˡ
Ҫӷ̨ȥʱǰԽԽá
ҡͷǰգǾͲ
ҽȻһֱܵ£Ȼ󽫾ô˵Ҳֻܴ
˵һ¡
Цش󽫾ʾƻҾǻǰʧ٣ֻⲻˣ
ƼڸʲôҽǶٶܸоܷ࣬ͷأ˭᲻أ
ҽ˽¶ãܳΪĸֻ֮лˡ
ƼģҲǡǶպ˵ҪҴһָʤȰѻҴˣƼ⡰ɽҲˡ
֮ǰﱻȻˣͻȻ£Ƽ˻ҿѾû˰һǿа
˾϶ƺõģ˵ﵹùҲƼҵֱء󽫾϶õģ
ǻʬҾҲͻȻټ˵ǰ
ڻҾðˣ
شˣ
ƼһõϢȾϲ
Ȼ֮ǰûǶˡھҲûʲôˣƴ󽫾鰡
Ȼôô׾ʹ˻أ϶챣ӡ
ҽִϲ£һ֪˿϶˻˵ġ
͡
ԺɫͻȻ䣬ϲŭŭɡ
ϴ󡭡˻־ŭɵżҽ棬ֲ¶ֻЦãã
칫ͻȻЦûϲ󽫾ô˻ӡ
ŭ֮תͷ칫ֻ칫񣬾Ȼһϲɫ˵ϲԽϲɫϲϲĶҪЦˡ
ߣŭȥ첽߳ʱ칫ڵڵĴЦ
϶϶Ҫɱˣ
칫ڵЦ˸ʹ졣
Ц꣬̾
ġ
Ȼмŵġλ
Ҫٵˡ
ǿһϣңִµ˿ˡ
ܻҵģȴһū
ū˴Ȣ˹˵۳裬˻ҡ
ūΪк˲أ


634 ֮
Ӧ, ױŶʿ, ֻһ¾ͳӭС
⼸ǽû£ǵԶ
ˣʻ̽
Ϊһҡͷ˵ҶֻѾ, ȫСλҶ֮ҲֵңҴ˹ȥʱ, ЩɵоˣֻôҴ˳һ, ˵, Ӧ㡣ȥǰһ, սʮң֪ʲôʱʹˡ
ûǽû, սŴʮϰﶼǳ¡ӦǾǵսŴţˡ
ӵǡ뻨أ
̽ҡͷǰ, ˧һ, ˴Ѿ˺ˡֱ, ˾ݡ˵û, ̾ʹ, Ҿüɢȥ, Ӯˡ
ڿս, ֪ġʲô˽ӰǴء
̽Ҳţ˭, ̴·
֮ǰΪì, ǡӦеһ;, ʱճţ±жӣǻܵӦ
ûǾɢӣвٳ嵽ӦˡֻôҴɱǣϿȻÿ̽ǰȥ顣
̽ӣһҹһأǰߵϢԴԴĵͻ
ӵ֪ɢǻͻȻðˡ
ʧٽһˣͻȻȻɻ󡣵ͼ׸ǰĻҼҽ֪ŻҾڹ¡ڿֻȻ
ǲ³С̫ӡ緢£ǣɼԶ
ڹѣǷǳֲɵġ
죬˩֦̳ٳʦ˵ļơ
ӵ֪󣬵һã
ȶӹȣŰ壬ʵڽʹޣǼٳǣĻ죡
һƵУʹ죿
ӦҲ죬׷ʹ
ӦеİյǶʹˡ˭ԼͻȻðһܵ۳Ҳһǫ͵ˡ
ղϲˣͻȻЮ󣬰յĲϲҲ
ΪˣĴܣðǵ಻ԡǲҳţڴҲ١Ϊ׳ΪеŮ˺Сܺ
󣬶˸߲ң棬졣
ɲգ˵ˡ
ʬҰĸߡͷڡսϡ
ϢӦǽϾ˵ֿ޺š
ҲܾС̽׷ĸʬס˵ױҲò֪ȥˣ˵ˡ߻ʬ׵ͼпѾˣȥҲпԭġֹһ˵ȷʵĴĴ嵽һ
Χ̫ˣû֪ʲôֻ֪ҽͻȻˡ
ȻҲû˿ӰߵҲ֪١
ۿİսĴӣݽУϵµʬף׹ѵµʬ׺󣬿ûҵܵսȥˡ
ڻͷ뱦Ҳ˼ˡ
׮׮ĿãݽƱ硣
Ӿ㲻ţҲҪˡ
ȷʵ߽ˣһɱ󣬻ղն¡
Ӳɵ̾Ц֪գ͸øڷ䣬Ƕһ飬ѧǲˡ
ŻѾˣҲܳϡϣҪ˼Ԯֻϻˣϻˡ
֣ˣĸˡ
Ϊˣڽ£а滨ɥҰ׾ͺֹȻĵĴӸȡҩҪȥҽȻ˳ټˣһҪҩ͸˰
һŬеվԱˡ֮ǰĽոյ£˵նڳǽϢеվˣǰһڣعͿǽϵʿؽǸɥ棬˹ͷأغš
ϷͷԣŬȾδѱߡ
ﲻһˣҲֹǷ̨ϵһҡ
ǼҲֹǴĽĽֹǧˣ
Ҳһ̵ˣ̵ĺֹˣ
»ٳʮǣƾҲֹһǸˣճǵǰٴšջ
ˣˣһ˵ǴҰˡ
Уվڴһֶֻùڵҿռһϯ֮ء
һ˵ұҸһ㡣
Ϊû칫պһһŹվ֮ס
ɻûˣҪòһһٴţһս֮ʦ
Ȼ³ǽΪܵǻʤ˵Ҳˣ˻ǰڴڸ֪ڴ
ǵҪʲôʱأ
ڣѾˡ˵ʤѷ֣ڴʲôңһڽ滨˴أ
ʲôأ
ֹ죬мߴˡ
æ˳ǣһ𴦸ϡӦǵıһȥ˾ȻӦǵı
ڳǽϿæձ
Щⲻƣ
ĪʲôӦǣ
ѵɱ˻֮󣬾Ӧˣ
֮Ӳ˳ǣֻڳǽϷżϮţЩ˿Ӧ
գӦǵĹͲˡ
ֹգʳҲˡ
ӦȻʳճǿһǹȥʮ궼ûз¡ռеԾˣҴȻУ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ҲҰʳó
ұնſӱҵ岮ֵܱʣһ£ʲôʱ򿪳ţʲôʱܸߣ
ҡͷ˵ʲôʱȷ񲻻Ӧˣʲôʱ򿪳š
ڴСɵͣܣһɴļˣڶһСļʮˡԴԴ껹С
ӦǱĴˣǴɨսʱԲ
ʲôʱٳ֣Ĳ֪
ӹΪӦһֱųţûûȵģֻĵطܣڴ˵ؾӦǿ˳ţǾ͸ˣʱֹܺ
ҵԺǽжߣЩ̵ıǽ﷭ǽңҶвɣ
ԣŻҪš
ӿʼҡˡ
ֻʳҲֻǱˮнȱҪǹĶȱͷȴûô졣ӦҲûǶô
ʱ˿̣׸ӽ飬ǡ򡱡
Ҳмͷ
ӾҲǸûᣬԸ³ٶһϵѾˣӦҶǿƱҪһ֮
ȻǾ³ˡһΣҷԴ
ɱ˻˾ѾĵˡӦҲףùϵҲСܴףĳɱˡ
ôأ


635 ˣ򸴺
Ĵ, ĺɫĺϣ̫ȥһ, Ѿ, ŰɫǹϣĻС
ȫʿеţ֪ǻе, ͷؿ, һֱֻ۱һ˳ǹ, , ҷſ, ̾ͻӵͱǹ, 㶼ɡ
еսϵֵܣҲһ𣬼һһȺ̹
еĶ, һ², Χû˵ĵطŸϢ
ʬζѪζ, պĲζľͷζ˳ůĴ֮ǻš
Ҳ, ĳ˵Ϲ, ԶСıɱ˳⡣һιԷ
, Сܲ￪, ҵһԲݾͿʼ͵ءʱݸˮָ, ұݸ¾Ϳˮ
Ǽģѡ֣սܴܿܣʶ;ͨԣȹ顣
ӼܳС檶ûֻ
ûԶһƨһԱߵĵأ˵
ҡͷվˣҲ˵
ģ𣿡
ţûˮ첻ˣҶԸ̫Զˣ⸽̫졣
һ䣬ʣǱ˶٣ţɰɡҹˣҪͶ¡ˣû֮⣬ʣµĶ𡣡
Цͦĵġ
üѵ⻰㲻˵ôҲһҰ˵ܱǿսϵġǸӢۡ
ķ˸ۣûҸţǻﲻˣǼˡȻϼǾֻȥˡҺûôɵҪŻҵƲ֡
һǸ
˻ͻң£Ǹڷ̨ץŻʵεҪɵ˰ɣҪʵۣҪȰͷϵϴһϴ
Ǹڡôռ˺ӹҪأģҪɱûôס
ʣҪʲôʱ򣿡
һӶս϶ͻģҲ֪Ҫųжȣһζ˼ңҪ˼Ϣʱ䡣
ȰЩɵĶɢ˾ͿԻȥˡ
üɵֻǴɢǣǡǧ˴ɢɼˡʮ˵СͽܳȥǸĳǳؾͱ밲ˡ
ϸ룬ǻĵļı֮һûȰתȥˡ
ߴңϾͿԻؼˣ
ֻҪǰ⼸˸ܾˡ
Ǹ
ÿѲӣµʿҲûţѲץˣץĶȥɿˡ
Ǿ˵ΪץԸɿѾˣȥ۵˿ǰؼˡΪűץģǮ͹ǮԺҲԻؼˡ
ǡֵôһʴȿơ
רԸɿΪЩ֮⣬ʣµ˶ܸˡΪòץɿҲæдŻؼң
н˲ٻǼͷǹͷľǼˡǹ˵ȡ
ûӦǡ
ǹǣʳСʼ˵˵Ѿˡ
ʼʣ˭أ
ȻҪӦһͷ
˵غӹˡ
ʼʣǻ᲻᲻ţ
ӹȻȱ
ŲŲҪӹȿ϶ȱһΣصʩѾѺӹȵˡǮһաںӹٴҲ÷ˣûҪҲҪزݡҲǽ껹ȥúֵءһ꣬һȱ
Դһ꣬տ϶Ѿûˡ󣬰ռе׳϶Ҳˣֻʣ¸ˣǲܸɰһġ
һЩūɡ
ʼǽҪˡ
˵̨Ҳӳˡ
Щȴܡ
ҡͷ̨ӳֻܡǲῴϹСǵġ
̨˳ѡӦӦǡϧӦǳŽգҰֶǴСɵҰˡЩҰԽãԽȫ
һЩһЩһЩ֮󣬴žͻתͷѡˡ
ʳҲʼԤ֮ˡ
Ǵ죬ѾʼˡгһĵطֵĶǺӹֵ֮֡ǰ˵ǻȥŮȻûֵ֡ԺҲŮٴ
дرѹ
ֻŽܷգȻղỳŮãǻӴȡһֶԴ˷ѣ̨һרܼķɣһֻһΣֻ죬ռҲֻһһء
ڹǣÿ춼ְҵðһ꣬ˡ͵ģǳԵġҲôƷ֣ȺۼĺֵأµȷСǰ͵ÿ͵⣬¼ֻʣµȫûɺó˳ԡ
ȻҰӵģߵģȵȡҰ˶͵̣͵ȥ˵֮ȥѣѣ͵Сܡ׻
ҲûʲôڽĹʩ˵ܲܵǼˡԱϸϸһáҲûʲôа֣˿ѱޣȻ
ְҵˡ
ʼ˵гµʳȻܸ˰˵㱨֮ʳôġеЦãˣ𣿡ѼһѾѱõĲ
ȥĹԱЦŸ֪ͣĸܳɹ͵ҰѾСȻˡ֮ɹʸߡ
ŻȻԭĸСʵһҪĹ֣һ˻δػĸһֱƹ㲻ߡŪĸˣδزѰ
ͳֻҪǻභÿιЩʳӾ׼ˡ
Щ˻СǷɲȻһȦ
ʳƷζŹǵİѾԽԽˣҽԵѭ
ӿ֮⣬ԭʧҲڻСǰǵİҲܣеĻӻؼ磬еǾù̫£ûоɳǿȫ˷ġǴ³³Ҳһʼᵽءȥġ
ֻǺְˡ
֤ˣһ꼻һֵ³ǣΪ³ŭʵ̨˹Ǻܼͦġ
׳
˿Ѿʮˡ
൱֮Ӧǡ
ɵеС⡣
ϲĵĶǵͳϣгжٸ̶ϯλˣÿ˹ж̯λгÿյĳǶ٣ɽǶ١
ÿ쵽ſڽеǼǵ°ж٣жһˣһԷ޴żӣһĴһһռʮϰ˵ȵȡ
ҲеһġΪſڹ³Ĺǻ涨ǰ򣬲ʺֻҪǵǼǣͿԴˡ³ˡ
·ǼӼϳģΪ
Ĵ˶֪ءܡѾص˺ӹȡЩӺӹǿ׳ôһȥأ
ΪҰˣǣǼΪǵİաԻڵĹô࣬ҵԼİ취
Ŀȥũ뵱ĿԳΪǵĻ
ʽԸ⵱ǲԽԽˣ
ӦľǰľūιϳһϵеĴֻ
ǰľūץģڸһ£Ѿūĳɾ򡣸ūȣϮƣǹӵƣǮɻ
ҾҪһǣֵء
ϣʿҪʱȥ̣ʱȥֵءʡ˷ѡ
ֳʳȻ͹ʿԼˡ
ĹǵĲֵءԭıҰˣЩҰˣǵҲǿɱ࣬ͷءֵǿ˸ɵĻǵԺҪ˵ȥɵġ
ĻҾеʿ˵ˡһ㶼šڼҾϰ䣬顪ֵءȻǼҲأֵصũū˸ɵĻ
̫ȷְҵֹҲϵ˸ֳŵȡÿһײ㶼ȻĴԼ̤һҲ̤
ھŴޡһʼҲЩʿȥֵأֻðԽ˾ͷϣ˳ƺ
˵ͦģֵأΪʲôҪ£˵˾ȻþֵءǸﲻֱȥūأֱȥֵؾͺˡ
ҡҡͷɲɹ֪ʱø
ػصӹˡһ¸˵洫ΰ֮ء
֪ͷ˵Ǹˡ
ʹ˿˵صĴʤɫࡣ
Ȼ̨ϵ˵ظɵ˻ﶼܷŭƼԼȴܸˣ˵˵ǡ񡱣·ء
ش˻ȻǱȻҸΰĽˡ
Ƽҵһ**ĵǰӣ̾дӣ£
ӣ
ӻ
Щˣ˸


636 ̨ӹ
, βô˻Ϊ̫ӣ
ɽ壬ƼҲЩλΪܴԾƼҸӵĸΪһֱĸ, ڸ, Ȼǳ
ɽҲȷʵһһƼҴ㡣ҪޣƼ·ɽǵһӦ޳ɵ, ҲѹȰˡΪڻʵ, ڴƼҵļѵ, ͷǣƼҵӡġѷ̨ºƼڲ˽ҪѵӣҲɽһ֣סƼ, ûƼҺԺ
ƽʱ, ɽ˵Ļײᷴƫƫɽ˵ģˡ
Ҫӳ顣
ɽ֮, ǲ, ΪȨƷĿ֮¶಻ʤ, ǴҵδͿʼ¼ˡ
ǰҲûôذ
ɽֻĵԥһ, ϻȰ, 粻˳١ڻûйδڡ̫ӴܻԴ˵ǸõĻᣡý˶д˻ӣ˭ҶԴ
˶Ϊܻʵ۵Σʵ۾ĿɽԼûе£ʵǸɵӣǿץסʵɵӸ칫̸Żġ
ûʲôʵۿɽʼֻԼЩ˺еЩߵֻĶӲᱳ
еǰǻԶԶ㰲ȫھﷴе̫ˡ
̫ǿˣѹƲסҪλ֮˵
ȴصȨһռأպӾ͸ˡ
ܸɽΪʲô˳ܸɵĳӣ˵ͳԺĶӻᵱ̫ӡԣڵľٶԵúûеռס
ɽȰȰӦûټ֣˳ȥˡ
صӪк˼룬ǿ֮ˡ´󹦵ĶӶҪ¼ɣЩҳͲ¼ֻ¡
ǰƼҲǷ̨ŵģȨٴٶ࣬ɽռĲһЩǮƶѡȲܵ٣Ҳܶ飬ѧճΪƼҸӵױ
ƼҾҪһ죬ΪˡЩͼľͲǾӪеһְǳ֮ϵλӣδɴҴĸ߹Ծ
ȻСؼأ
ɽĵװļӶĵһ顣
ȰءƼֵ˸˳ȥĳӺʹӶһֽ̳ģֻ¸ƢһСţֵҲš
ȻְӺӸų˳ȥӴС飬ϰ䣬ҲûнӪɽƼҼҽ˵ƢԶϤ
ֻʣӣƷᡣ
ƷƢǸݶ͵ģأ²Լ࣬ƣغƼ͵ͷȴܻᶶ֮ӵ硣
ǰ˳۵ĵطȴƢµĳӵӾͺùˡͱЩϳϽƷ῿λԼգֲ̣ѵҸЩ˷
ɽһ󣬲ɵĴȣСˣ
Ķӷһԣ׵ȥŲ£ʱæǰʣô˵ɽҪڣֱ죬תӣҡҡͷ̾ҶˡԺļ£ҵȻǲҪˡ
ӵȻؽã˶ǴСӽӪˤġƼͻȻ컯ظпܳΪһ̫ӣӵȻ󹦣ñصĴȡ
Ҳɽ̫ӵ¡
ʱɽô˵ӶʱѲɴӦô᲻Ӧأ
ɽֹ죡ʣȥҲ˵
ɽӸϳȥ󣬹ȻӡġȥͬƼӵǡǶƼ֧ҲбƵӡһ⣬صġĸ롰š
ǣܿƼҾӪʹһԣԸΪ̫ӡ
ţ²⡣
е˵ΪĹӻ幫Ϊ̫ӡΪϲˣǰҲǳ谮ĹӺ幫ӡ˶۾õǰǰǵūʹԺӲǵۡ
˷һѾˣˡڴǳǲҪ˵ǶƵģ
ڶ֮ǰͶĹӺ幫ʧˡҲ˶ģĹӺ幫ӱӽӪǰ۸ĸƵġ
һסĿܡ
ΪҲûֹһƫûһͷá´󹦵ĴӶϲǲ˵ʵûҪеһ̫أ
ˣǳء
˵̫֮λĶӣǾ˳ˡ
²һܿͱƼҾӪе˽ˡ
ʲôˣʵе䱦ǰֻԶԶģżٻӰһˡ
˵ȻѮȴʮһ㣬üĿˡ
ˣָ߹̫֮λĶӲǺ
˵һ뵽ˣص˵ݾȫˡ
ǰ˳֮ӣһʸ̫أ
ɽû뵽ԴӪеԺҲ¾ĵ׵뷨ˡ
ŲΪ̫ӣȴҲû취֮ڿڡ
ı߶ءȻÿնȥ밲ʺãȴŶȥһ׷ˡ
ɽ뵽еСʹ죬ҪԳıŸһ취ûС
ǰա³ڲӦȵѵܲӦһŮôǿùһˣ
ֻ³С̫ˡ
ɽɲԸгĶӼ̳ǵʱһС֮ŮĶӶɳģǾ͸С̫ˡ
С̫պЩϼһ͸ռˡ
ô룬Ʒá
ɽԶԱĳ֣ǲҵġ
ɽ룬ĶӣҲȥһ˺ӹأ¸
ӵȻԸ⣡һֱΪɽֹءҲһһƾ
ɽҪһ·СģغҪϸ۲죬ҪһʼͰʲô
Ҫ̽ԴǷи֮顣֮ɳڡԶԴĹҪ취ԴʧȻ¶˵صΡмǣмǡ
ɽĻĵֲȴҲϸϸ¡Сְװһ˳ľͳ˷̨һ·С
˹ǣӦǺ󣬾͵˺ӹȡһ·ϵҲһЩࡣ֪ӦѾճˣ·벹û취ȥֻöŶӣҺůЩҰҲѡ
Ȼ·˺üˣܿˡ
ǧൽ˺ӹȣûǾһ
ǰҲӹȣʱӹⶼǱﳤҰݣض衣
ߣɼ̸˺ȦƼҾӪ˨Ȧ˲ʿǰա
ѵ˵ءĸԸأȻôǴ̵ĳأ
мû˰գϾȻһˡǰ˿أݺЩصĳϻ̳Ͽֵָ·ָȥа㲻
˿ˣҲ㲻
˳ҵݾӵҴլĶǽʿ˵Ƿ̨ģƼҼҽһȺ̽ӭ˽ȥ
˼أδһֻˣͷ硢ءۡȽеˣȻܻȴҲѪ«һ㣬ûһƤ
ؼ߽Ǹģǲɱˣ
ڴץס
ɽĻҡͷӺγԣδ˷Ըʵӣ˵Ӵܻ̲סˡ粻ǣ֣һ̴Ӱɡ
ӿ֣ŭҲţһɱˣ˵˶иӾɣһ·ӹȶص֮ɪɪôؿ˾̲أ
ΧæסڴУһˡһˡһ


637 ʲôǼ
û취˯ұ۾Ѿص˺ӹ, ȻԼսϡ
谵оһ㰲ȫˡһſ, ˵, ˽ĽŲ, ŵӡ
˵ѻˣ˵ұˣǵõĲ
ʱ˴裬ֻ֪һ̧ͷˡѾץסΣ, һǻܵġֻһ, ֻս, ڵǹ£Ǳץס衣
֮Դ, Ѹǵ׳ץѸǵʳɾʵΪ˼ҵ
ںӹȷ, ʲôֶ, ʲôı, ҶĸԸķǸӡеǧֶڱʹӡ
򵥵ǰȫɾ
޹ɱֻƼߡ벻취Ծ벻ǰشңȻٺҵȥ, Ժ, Ȳ, Ҳһ̫ӵʱΪۣӦΪܡҲˡ
սһжˡ
Ҳֻǰ塣
ƼҴǧֻһٶ˻ڣ̵ľ˴ŴӸǿļұա
ǿģΪǲʵΪսԸҲϣֻǷֳ·ǰΧȥѡ
;͸༸·ʧȥϵ
滨üɢӣսøӻҲ
սֻǴԼıܣûȥ׷Ҳûмս˼
Ϊսŷ֡
ܶһһ
ȴƽ
ҷ½죬ֻŻӱ
Ȼ󡭡
ӣ׷׷׷ţױϲĿ񺰣ҵ쵹ˣ쵹ˣ
𾪻ͷȻԽԽĻĽ쵹ˣǿտҲû죬ֻĺ
˾͵ݣȥ顣̽ȥٻأͬһֲŵӡ
˵ɱˡ
е˶ʱأǵͱ鶼ڴơ
ûУ
ŵǼı
ķչҲȷʵһıΪ˵ﱻ֮Ȼ޷ֳȥļ·ϵҼ׷ǴȺޣǾȺĿꡣֻܴ˼ӣΪֻӣͷûС
ߵԽԽ١
żῴˣɲȻϾͻΧǵĵˣֻܷͷӴܡ
ߵҲˣֻӣĵоèϷһ׷򣬲Ҫרһȡǵ
Ǿֻܼӡ֪򣬲֪ҹ㿴ѾҲԶԶıܿԷ
ǾȺצµȺֻܷܰ
˹ʮգߵֻ١
ҹһĵϣɽͷλεԲ£վ֮⣬ǿһȫĵطҹ˲ṥǡҲҪԷ˯ϢҲ˯Ϣ
Ǳظɱļҽֺס˾㱻ҪͷҲںͶɣͶɣҲӵ
Ͷ
ҪͶ
סеĽɳƵ˵ҲͶڼ˵Ľ£ҲͶģ
ղűϸɱˣҲͶá
ܹٵȥ룬ҲһԺﶼҲ
ͶˣĻϢǰֻһūҲû֡
̿ͱɱˡʿһɱȥͶ
ؼӡڵĵ󣬻ǰ
ǵþսҲѼ֮ǿʼӹӡ
׷һձһ١
ʿǶǾزˣ
ȴܾòô˳ôףѵܻ
ⲻܣ
ĽһֱûΪʲôû׷ˣһһֱֻǲ
ӹѾһճǡ
ӹգգˣˡʣµİУ˱ץ߳ӣΧɱмûлŻġʣµҪôԾҪôӲдŮ˺ͺӶǱˣʣµĲˣˣҲԾġ
ʵĿճǡ
˻ȫֻʣ½ˣʿ͹ɪɪ
ЩŵǼȲӣҲ
ʿǴÿһңǰջңǰеʳ˳ǿ˿ԱʳȻϰǽ칤£ԱС
˴˵˻
һǸı
Ķ˵һûһļƣøӹȣ˷ֲֹһΪǼıߵ˶ΪûĴǼơ
һʼΪطˡսϻ˵ʧķĿɲ٣˰ҹŵһʮȫ˵ġһ˿ܻ裬İٶѵȫˣ
ô붼벻ûɢҥʲôأ
أģΪʲôԭڣ
ؿ϶ȻΪ˺ң
⡭˶սݺͼأ
أأٸһǻܣҶռˣ
˾Цˣ˴ֻΪ˳Цӣ
ǻ϶ñˡ
ɲȰ棬Ȼ̻̲աƴӸ߳ǽʿҹһֱ˸Ͻȥţ͸÷ӹȡ
˼ˣһصӲ֪䲻ӵĸ֮飬ֻд㰡
˾Ͱĸ׽Ϊ̫ӣӦ¸˵ˡ
Ȼһɫ
Уĸǰ˲°ٴΣѪΪ̫ӡնľܾˣֱزĿе̫ѡ
شУ˲һƬӰεĿ־ڣڴ־ĲǻԶڷ̨ĸ
Ҹ˵ĻɭĶˡ
ĳ˵ѡţҲǲ˻ȥ̽⣬ֻӪ˲֪˲
أ˭Ϊ̫ӣңѵ϶Ļеһ
ԥʲ˵ֻ·λеκһ۴⣬ƺȳСӺΪ̫ӡ
ˡ
ּСֵܼȫװ֪ʱΪǸΣڿֻǸֵܡ
λûصģĶӡ
ƭҡƭҡҧأнѪζסؿڣǰһƬڰ׽ӣصת۵һѪӿ˳
ӣˣ
ַֻסɺá˲ã̵ҩ˽Сظιȥ
ָŵˣ̽˰ȥ
ɫ͸ңڴϣˡǼϸ˵ʲôҪš˸ţȥ˵ӹһ뱸븸
˾ȵ⡭ûأĿ𣿡˫Ͷ֪ĵطͷ˵ԡҪִ֡

ˣ洫˵ս񣬴˻
߱ɣ
Ҫһ׻᲻
ǲǻӡ


638 ʿʿ
ΪʲôҪղ飿ɽɽ, һҵ, ڹ⡣
ҵȫ, ԳǺӹһҴط, ɽΪ峤ܵˡ֮⣬жȫҪȥֵء
Ϊݹǵķ, İղطָֻۣۡһ޳ǽ޻Ǻ·ʲôĻҪ˸ȥġҲǮ򣬽ǮͲȥˡ
˲һǾ, Ϊĵͱ˸Ǽǡ, Ҫֻܴӱ
һεǼǵ˲ؽκǮ, ֻҪѻĵر, ҪѣҪ֡ؿԽ׿ؼȴŹ涨ˣ֮ǰġ̡ǲǮ
Ҳǹǲеһرġλɽоǵ³ɺ, жǡλ͸й֮˵, ͸֮˵ġ
̾óֵصİգҪֳֵĹȵܷƺ, ׯβ, ʲôװ߲Ҷø, ֻҪǷׯϵĲ, ǻ־ͿԵˡ
Ÿ֮Ǿ͵ǹҵˡǵׯڳʲô⣬žͻûֲȥյׯڡ˲ΣǳʮûκãͻᶪλҪܷ
ȻκˣֹҪлǣҲǮĩ۹ʱЩԽߣÿظǮҲԽࡣ
ɽһȥ̡ںӹֵ߰ٶˣᡷᡷˮᡷ֮鶼д°ٲᡣɽԼҲһ飬֮ɶʱóֻһϾżءż̶Էⲩʿˣ
˵ʿ³ģйۣÿ껹빬硣
ɽ뵽ﶼе㼤ˣ
ɽǼ֮󣬻صԺͿżŮǷ֯ĳҡҡֻ
ɵפԣοֳϡ
һƽƽ˳˳ĴӺӹӳϡصҪʱҪͬҲǰ뿪ӹȺ󣬾Ҫȫҳӡû֪ˣҵ˶кܶڳʱ֪ڡӡֻΪȥׯ϶ѡ
һǾͳˡץȥȫңﶼֻΪūˡ
ߵ·ϣɽͣĺڣڹⰲ֮ûٺˡ
Ȼڼ˶ҪȥֵأŮ˶Ҫ֯ʹū澣
ҲõͻȻˡ
˲پţСٿ־塣ŮŮӴ˿԰Ķա
һ˻һ𡣲ҡ
ɽûдЩŮˡ⹫Ϊ³ҵĹϵŮɸӹȴһء
ŮпзӣеأūͣûиĸҲԼ£׸š׸ҪգΪӣµĺҲǴĸյġ
ͺϻ᲻ź뿪һֱ֪ϱϣҲг徢ڼҵҲ֪֮껹ܲٻص磬ܲң˵ף
ɽĬվûݣ鰸ǰĥԼ飬ҪдⱾССǡȫһЩԼĵãһЩͷʱũĹ£ɢģʣ־죬Ҳв溦
ƾһøλҪܵϲʿ͸ˣܼչϣҲͲ뿪˰ɣ
ϽȥԷдһԵɽˣͣʲдˡ
ϣòǸʲô
ɽҪ˿ղˡ
֣ôֲˣǲŲ𣿡ɽվ˻ųȥůˣһ˾ͥԺ֧ӳԷҲЩ
ɽ˵ҿǵǼūɣ
ӺӹӹԽԽˣܶ˸ʶ֣ȻҲܵſȥʾҲȻ֪Ƕߡ
ׯİշ󣬾Ͱ͵͵ڼǵūáΪЩūܣǵȻҲץǣǷͰǲڼ߸ϳȥ
ϳȥ̫ˣͱˡ
֪û飬ǱƭΪūģһ֣ƭΪūİȫҪΪū
ڹⶼڼӽѲ顣Ҳ˾ٱ䣬˾ٱΪʵн
ʼ˵ºͳΪ񡱡ȴΪԣ˱Ծģô϶ȥõġĲȰ٣ֻһøÿҲ˵ø
¾ͽضʼڵӣܾѾǸˣô
ʼлĹģ˵ѾŻ³ȥˡֻһ͹˻ԶԶԤơ
òʲôŵסǰҲĶȻʲôʼ˵ܹԹһˡ
ôࡢκ𣿡
ʼʱʧЦ߿ɱ³ǸСطˡ˼Ѿãħ
Ҳǲ⡣㵽Ž³ķڷѹţҲǼˡûֻҲ类ܿգֻ̨ˡ
ࡢκ׳ȥǣƹһ󡣱Ͼ³ҪһġڽҲˣǹоֻʣˡϻûйѹס
ѡ³
ʼ˴һֻӣһȫһš
ǹġʼָ˵뿴ڰ˵Ҳաȫҵġ
һһչЦˣʵǹرֱӣˣǴʼڿʼʺûͦϿڵģٴ죬ơ
ʼȻ빬ΪǾǹµ֣˵ɱȫҵĳ˶֡
ǿͬΪҲûгȴˣʼڵġ
˰ͷˣʼ㲻
ʼı鿴ȷʵûȻ
ʼЦÿԷǰһţԵء
˵Ѿˬˡ
ҲˣʣΪˡʼɫΣ֮ȹӦȰȥ
ԣȹԺ԰ϼȥ
˰װԹ޵СӰῪ˸⣺ӹȼҶ˰ɣ𣿡ʼͷߵһ˵ҸΪգҸΪգҶǰԺʵʵġҰũˣ˵أﶼֵأһֱڱŶ飬ѧ³ֺѧӦ뿼š
ֵؿԡҵĿٿоͶȥСͼĿǰȱңѧʶ϶ȥСˣ˽٣ӬͷС򶯲ǣΪ飬ԼƷβ˵ƽ¶˵ѡ
ЩӰпС̰ˡǲɱգɲɻɱ١ǿˣǵĵӴء
κеļ͵ɲԺҲ
Ҫ顣̾˿˵µӬò̫õѧʣҪǿġʱ鼮һĿ꣺Ѷ˶ɾӡ
Ҳ˼Ʒ½ˡ
Щ˶ɴңٶһ飬һ֮¾ˡ
ʼ˵³ѧ֮⣬ɡ
ʼʣļũ䡷ǡɡ
ҲǸäˣһֱûäֻ÷ʼǰʱĶʲôƣƷµӽȥ
ʼʲô뷨˵֮ʼŶȴ޳ɣЩСɱô׾Ϊ񡣶ʿ飬̫ʡ
ǲ䡣


639 ʿ
û˵ıʼ, ֧ϵĶûм, û, ҲûȻûԶԶ
һֱϣʼܶյӣֻѡϴȥҲаǼֲյӣڵݺ͵λÿͶŵ˲֪ж, һҪ
˵ΪѾ˰ӣԾͲձĵˡ
þڵʼȻԼڸĨڡΪ, ū, Ѿˡ
˾ͰײˣҲǳǳû취һֵϵļ֡
ڵʼѾһвص, Ҳֻǽġ˵ʼǰӡˡи˳һЩ, ˲, ˲롣
Ȼʼ˵ǳˡ֪ڹ, ͥϵĻʵ۱¶ֻһŻʹڵ˶ѡ
˵ˡ
еСȡû뵽ʼȻôԻʵ, Ծ, ûʲôرĿ
˷ŵ, ʵ۾λ߶ѡ
ʼڹĿ, ϵ˶һںʵλϡʿ, ū, ڹֻöѡʿ飬֮ǰ˿һʿ첻ǹĿģֻǰ취
һж٣ĳʮ꣬δһʼҡͷˡҲܴӦ
λӴ򡣴ǵϳ۵˵Ӧֻ취˵ܰȥһٱӦ
ͷǾͻ취Ի취ʼӦ
ʼԺܸߣüȰҵ£Ȱ㻹Ǵͷĺáˣпûһ˿¡ͶС鶼ڷ̨


Ͷˣðɣȷһš
ʼ˵֮ǰİ취ͺܺáɱɱöˣȻ֪ôˡȽǶ򵥷㣿һһ࣬˾ͲˣɱһЩ͸ˡҲû취
ʼĽңа취
ʼİ취ڼʱѧʿʮ꣬ͱ˺üʫС̸ͯѧȻŴ࣬ŴģɪʮΪһĴߣȺܼгͣʼ쳪ɡ쳪񷨡
ȥģֹסƭΪūͷͷǶҲŶԭץ񣬲ͷ磬ũǮõģһҪٷһֻɱҪаزźϸ
ٵġС̰ƺɫѹƣҲг۸ģᡣ
ڸٵ̫࣬һʱ̫ãӶʼӹȥˣһ˵ʮ٣۷Ҳûʱ侫ȥжԩ԰һУȰѱĹٶһرݹϵģƽʱġһҹ󣬰Ƿָһһţٸǣд˵״ԼͿԼ̣
ǡ
󣬲ɵÿ䰢ӣ취áʣµĶɣæȥ
ʼͷѾˣڿɵˡ
Ȼóһ¡
һէ֮²ۣʼϾֺϴʮ꣬γǣκʱٲ͵εӡ·ĶʮѾ˻۽𾦡
˱ܣ滨˼ȥΪʲôᱻ֣صĵݵǰС°˵ʼģǱߵĳԼʰˡ
ˣǮȥȣҾȻٽǮҲС
Ȼ뵽ˣȽҪ£͵ǰģܸ˳Ϲϵģӹأ
ʼͷϱȥʧˣӦþǱӹȰˡ
ӹʲôȱûǮҲֻܰˡ
Ȼֹ˰¾˼Ҿܵȥ˵Լ˱˰ܣԸؽǰӪȡ
бģҲвϱġϱ˼˽´׼ʳ׼ӹȣȻʮʱͱסˡ
ΪڳץһڳץˣǾʧ룬ҲԵ̫ûζԵԶץ
ȹڱĵطҪ裬˵ᾡӪǵļˡʼ
ʼѾҼȥˣҪҪһ˵ʲôǱʲô
ʵҲǱΡ
һճǣΪĸܰػġôɵ
⻹ûҲûˣûǮ
гǽĵطҵ֮⣬ܵӰӶûˡıץѺӹȸܱˣֻץˣϳĻղһǧ
ȱˣȱ
Ǻӹȣ߰ǰǴ֮һǰ˰ϿʱҲǰնû˵ʳġ
¾ûʳˡ
ӹȾʳҲԼӵﳤӣֻҰݡ
ںӹȵȫһ˸ߵҰݣĩĳǲľïʢʱ򡣴ȥӹȵİվԽԽ٣Ⱥζһαһκݣôʱûӣû̺أڸܳʳˡ
˳ȥڵߣûҵʳΪ϶вʳҪҡ
ûҵ֮ǰҲܶӡ
ںӹȶɿճˣĴѰ٣ڿһ˿ϣ⡣
ȻûûǮ챦
ǣץˣԳҪǮ챦
˼ұ
·˼ǴӹǳģҲǶκӹ賤ʱڣͬҲͬеֶΡ
ô챦ںӹ賤ʱһе˸кüóһ˻һС
Ǹһеģ˭֪˭
ߣлйֵˡġ䡱ĵǲȥŶԭˡ
гǵġʶࡣ繫³ĺʯܴĥǰʯţǰʯǾͿüй޶ͥ£ʮ죬
ץҲû취˾˸⣬٣ҲǱ֮һ˵ˣ᲻أ
ǾⱻŻȥļˣʼҪǣʾЩ
Ժ˼
ʼǲˡòع˵ĴţѾˣֻܼס
ȻһȥҧˣھͶͰ׻˼𣿡
ʼ֪ʱһ
תӣЦ˵˵ʵõģԸ챦͵̨Ժ
ʼ롭
ڷ̨ҲסùˣҲùˡ
ʼˣƳ
ͷڷ̨ܴܲ˴ֻ̨ܱˡ
ʼڳˣûѷ̨ġҵ
ٹһӣʱͲˡʼ顣̨Ѿˣʱ̨ҲһճˣʱôԷ̨̫ķ
˵ôǶΪҪ̨
ҲŲ
ֻҪ̨
֣ô˳Ĳأ
οʼģһ칫ͻʵ۵ġ
ʼ⻰ɫ䡣͵վŭӣѵЮǣ
ץôߣȻǰߣ˺žҪô죿űº칫һ߲Űȫŷġ
ʼӶҪɳˣѰ
ԭΪô
ʼȻ˵칫˶ѾΪ͸㣬Գ֮
ˡʼУӦһһʵ۸Ȼ뿪̨غӹȾ͹ˡ
ѻʵһ̨Ϊ֮ʵΣӦðȵڷ̨ϡ
ʣһ칫Ҫɱأ칫ɲǳصġʼô
ʼһ㶼棬˳ն칫ĸ󻼣ѵȡ칫˵𣿡ûʵ۲õģҪ֮ǰӦɱ칫ܰѷ̨Ĺ䶼ɱ˾͸ˡ
Ҿûɱ칫ƾ칫Ҫǲ±סϹˡ
ʼǽʱоϲ˵ˣ˵ʱֵĵطš


640 ȣТ
ǵСΪ, һҵӺ, ҴѾˡһ׬ǮĻͥٱٳ붫ߵķˣҲ, Ǵӻ˵Ϳʼ⾭˵ǼСӿɵͯҥǡֵ, ֵһ, ͱ壬岻
, רϲŴӪǰС̵ĸ׾ҵϱͣۼư, ִժǹ۹, ־, ε˲ã
Ȼ˲ժǹֻܳĶ, гȥҲǹġ
˱£С˵ԺһֱԹֹ, ǸǮǲȥҹ顣
, ̹, ͷʲôȥʲô, ûԸʱ, ǧš
ȥЩ, 岻ݴǣ϶һˡûڣͲ
ͱ䣬ʱժǹúһʼֻƽ⣬ƽϼ۸Ҫ뾡취úͲˡǸײûĹӡ
һΪȷʵ׬˲ǮʱͼǮúŸ׿ۡ
˵ΪĹԼûĹﶼûһСС˷ˣֻǰŸĹӣžͻᱻ¼̡
˵ֻǸСͷĴǲȥĵСǲǵ˼²ǵҼ飬ֻǲʹ˳֡һС֮ˣǻǲȥ˼ǵƶǷǣ򵥵ķǲɿá򵥵İ취Ī̡ɱˡ
˵ѾĹӵˣĹӻûп´ʱݡλԲĹӣҲѾ֡ʤùĹӡ
ĹŶġ͡Ҳһ
ʱС̫⸸׻˼ĹӣǸڵҿܾһˡ
ΪĹòףڶǰյλĲңǰ׼ҡ
ңҲ
Ѿǹˡ¹ƽʱӲ¹ҲӲʳ¹ֻʱȥԸСĸԸ
ѾСӹˣһŮͽѧУŮѾ˵Ժ󲻼ˣҪָƲʮԺҪŮţûкڡ
ڣټˣ
Сԡ£һʱϵժǹ˹
ҪӣС̵ͷ֪ô
ˡ
ϲӵġҪ൱顣
һ̫õʳùɰӵС
С̵ͷѡˮţƤܿͻᷢùġȻٽ̯£ôɰĥùùζûˣǿģֻгԵʱŻᷢ
ǲӣҪɹԸӰͼ죬Ҳˡ
Ȼʾã˵ѷǵУԸ빬ֺ
СûֻȫӦؼҺ̴ǰӹȡߣʳҪȡʰһոպñһҲʱ䡣
ΰװƷԤ˵Ŀұ졣С̻ȥˣժǹһҵѣ̾ʹӦֻǵͷպҵȡ
Ҫ˵ǼߵʲôǲܵġֻܣǲĺСһܣһطְܻʳԺһȱͰô죿
˵ӹǱߵ·ҲǶô󣬿ߣƫƫΪ̰Ķߣˡ
СҼ˼顣
˵˵ô졣;ŮϵĲֹƣŨĶ
Ϊ˺ú̸£öεģҲǵģ˲ϲɸĶҪŨŨġĥϸϸġûɸġ
̣һüϸС۷ڵɭɭ˵һζʯۣУɫζɸҲжǴ˷۳޶޶Ҫ²Żᶾ֪
Ȼ£ɱ֮ɡ
ûһɫģ˵һǳƽͨ¡óԳԣúȺȡ
һϸͨ죬ֻСɫΪ顣ʳԼһʱʱֻǸۣй֢йʮտɼߣȻҩЧʳս
ĳؼһ֡
ʱԸóԼصĶҩ׸С̣ȥӡ
СȻӦתˡҲС̵Ĳֿ￪ʼúõĹˮţƤ֪С̹ȻҲǲ⡣
ºСδ飬ҵĹѾװˣֹ˰£ߵ˶ŻˣСȻںӹȡŻвزģҲһͻҪӹܵġ
Ǿֱ棺СܹУΪʣǻԸ޺ãӦǺĵĸ
ţϲӣĺΪ̫ӵ¾ͽЩ˵Ŀڹˡ
Щ˶ոմбŻǵĻȻšǵĿУôֺת۾ͰТ˳ĶӸˣһֻ谮СӡڳûСӣⲻҪ
ǰʱɥĲƺҲˣһøɵӡ
˻ô໵£˺ӹһˣںӹѾˣһȫıأӣΪ̫ӣΪǵճӼֻ¶ƣ
ö
ˣôʥּ֮е֮ʿأ
ʵܴƭļڱߣΣӣΣӣ
˿תѾ˹ǣȥ̨ȥӹȣӦǵȶˡ
ӷ̨ӳİաҲ˿Ŷȡ޹Ϊ칫˲Ӱʥּǰǰ䲼ľ͸˺ˡ
û˸룬ȴֲòȥ롣
£ɻã
ӦϣӾһֱ벻ͨΪʲô֮Ҫǣɺأ
³˻ʵ۵˽Ӹϵûа
£Ѿס˻ʵϴʱͻȻðһ³С̫ӣ֮ӷҪǵԭ
ǻǾȻ˽ǶԴһƬģݳⳡͿ̵ǰ֮󣬲ɵԼһ
˻֪ģҲ֪ѾΪ˱С̫֪һʱȻأ
ӴĶӦǵ˵
ȻͿʼļʿ
ȻȥǣҪ³С̫ӵӦء
ɳԼĳʦĸƲһһʮĶ֮󣬵ֻѾˡڴʣϣǹеĽС̫ӡ˶˱ҪУ
ʾⳤ⽪ǰСͣĸԸǲС
ӹȡ
غһҩʴˣô˵𣿡˵ͷǡ˶˵˹ӡӲصˣ˶֪ˣڴֻΪ̫ˡĵͷ˵̽˵³ҴӦˡҪ˶һһôТ˳Ķӣ


641 
̨ڲͣ, Ҳкܶų̂
³̾ۼĳһլԭů㣬ڵֲ³֮˲³̺³֮ͨˡ
ֲ³ϡϰֻ̨, ڹư֮ϼҾϡͿı˸˾빬, ĸһҴ档
Ȥ֪Ǽ١
ĸ, ż, ǻҲպôˡ
ڼ, ֻ̺ǵ޹İɣ
ֲӲԹޣҲ޴Թ𡣵ҲϣԼֻһ̺˵ūڹУԽвŻԽءĻŸ߶ֺηöһأ
ʽ, ٣˶ڣһһƬ, ƷլǵøǽԺ󣬾Ĵύѡ
ƽʱʮֺˬ, , ̸ԿóҲǴС, ȻЩСطıУӦ
ֲû̾ܽύ˲ٱɫ
³̱칫ʱ³ҲܵżֲΪǮҲΪύ˲١ѡûżûӻһЩˡ
Ҳв˺ͬ³˺³̣ٷ㡣ȷȥֲ빫ϵ֮󣬵˲ٽǮ֧Ԯ̻ر˻ȥ
ڷ̨Է׷ף˶˵Ѿˣ칫ǽͱץˡԭһعŵĽԳ֮ģЮ칫Ϊʵۣö¡칫ǿܶѾ˶֣˲ճֻ˶ΣʥּԶӹΪҪӳ̨ʱὫ̨֮һ档ʱ˿ɶҪˣ
ǰк൱ˡ
е̫ˣȻܹ㣬ŵţŵ˾֮Աǡ
ɵܵԽԽ֮ʣµҲʼĻòȵض㣬ûµĻٻ
ɷ̨߰궼ûʵۡسӰݴѡ£ܶƽʱҲ಻ʮͻȻ뿪̨·Ҳţôߵأ
ʱ³̾ͳ˾ķˡ
֮Ի뵽³̣Ϊ³ڷ̨ǳá³ۣͯӲȱԼļߣ³Ķһ³˿Ǳ˴֮仹ලһ˼ұ³ƭ˴λĿԣ³˵£ŰݷãѴλȫߣȻǸƭ³̵ĳࡢ͡ȣ˰£Ǹƭץǰ˵³ǲƭ˵ģһƭ˵£ȹٸץˣ˾ֳˡ
Ժ³̾ͳܻӭˡ
ӳ̨˾³̶̣뿪һʼ࣬³̿˵ķҲæ³̵·ߵԽԽֲ࣬ʹǣߡ
Ҳ̨µԽԽˡ
ϿһС̯߸ߵԺǽֲǰȴ˿ˡ
ֲǹϵϢ֮ͨˣ˵Ҳǰչˣ³̽ã¶˵㡣
ھ͸һϢ
ӹƺǴӭˡֲ仰һ˵˲䰲ˣµ˿ƵĴԵ⼷һݵ˰ò󻰡
ֲ˵һ̾˵ŴңҴӼ˵أ벻ǵòֻҪѰˡ
һˣŶʮ꣬߸׵ɫ̲סֱ˵˵ģ
ڣ˲ҵͷ׷ֲϢǴģɿֲ˵ɿӲǾںӹȣ֮ǰܻ󣬻֪ȥʤصӹȣ֮˵ӭˡ˵ΪӭҲΪ˿ҫĴʤ׼汦Ҫ͹
汦
ʲô汦
ڹǿʹġ汦̾ʼ˵ΪѺ͹
֮ص౦УôʯɺҲǺ񱦱Ҳġ
뵱ȻΪػѺ͸
ڿӻǺ˽ĵ
ʼۿźģƷǾÿϧ
䣬˭أ
ֻǴʯ㲻ۿ˰ĥ÷֦ȾɫΪʲôǻϵ
磬ʯΪĸǳ󣬿ԸΪֻҪƯʯͷ񡣴ʯպ÷˵ۣɫ򵭻ɫɫϸϸĻƣԳһš
ǵⶫǸ̵ذ̨Ļʵû취񡣶̨Լժǹ̨׶ôʯʾĲȷʵǳȫÿϧ
ڷ̨ʵûôʯ³ﶼã³ɽɽأ³̨ݳ޵ôʯ̨ą̃׾ͨʯͷ˵ľͷģСȲժǹֻСϣ³ƵǴ
˵ĸԴԴĴ³˶Ǵûֹ˴ʯģǷԭĴʯ̰࣡ʯͷˡ
͵ô֮
ʯʵںʺ֡
ʹ汦һʯʱ벻ʲôˣɴ˰ĥ⻬һǽڴ磬ȡƺӡ
Ϊ˴һɫģǺӡһ͹ȥ
ƺǰǺӹҲˡ
ıķǳˡҲֻ˰ѺɫȾøһ㣬ɫĥøһ㡣
ΪһۿȥǺ𺳵ġ
һƪɡ
ֻȴһˡ
ʼͷҲ·ˣ˵ҼǵõʱðƺӺǺдСģҲųȥɡ
ͷдƪ㡣
ʵСģرǴĸǿ鹻ࡣʼ鲻٣ӾͲһ㣬ʼһտдƪĥһ飬ʼģʱдá
ʼЦָһƪһǴһžժģһǴժġʵûд٣Բô찡
Ӷʱˣôʼ£дġѵʵȥٿܿأ
ӣ˲Ŷ𣿡
ԺͶ˺̨ܶܿ췢ַ̨³ͬ³ʱд£ʼҪģԼȥȥ򡣿ɵ˷̨Ժ֪һǰġĻʱ˵ģԽҪĳԽþĸ֣أ񣬻дļ飬ʱд˵鶼ԹΪΪûкòѧһƪǰ¸ãǿԼдܻᱻ˳Ц
ɰƽʱҪԼ͹Լдժá
ְ취ãΪʲôأ
ʼ±ʣ˵ķ粻ʢʵԤʾ˴ѾڵϦˡڴһУǻʵ۵ĳմǹĳֶżȻġͱ㣬ÿ㲻ѧϰ㲻ѧֻ᳭дǰԼ£ѧҲֻǰջһʲôأ
ӵһ뷨ǡҵֲãǰʲôأѧҲֻ࣬Ǽܹʲôã
ھҲ飬дģѧ⣿
ӵĳ׹ȥ˵Żɡһй׽㣬ѧҲ԰ȵĵ
ֻ·һˡ
Ȼ׹
Ѿ̫ˣµĺҲһٶʷˡһ궼һˣȥˡ


642 ˭ȭͷӲ
ӿ̨Ϊڷ̨µĿʰ©
ӰյҶܣһ, ¾ͻ, ֻ·ϵʱ䶼ֹˡҪʰʰɣҸ·ģʱܽʡ
Ƕˡ
Ǵţ¿⳵Ϊʲôô಻ͬΪ˨ڲһ, ָߵ, ԯǳǲһġЩΪϿǺɰķԣŸּ۸䡣
б˹ͷԱſŰʵİһİ峵ܶȫҵ, ȫ٣ǰ滹˨һͷġˣʵ, ʵ㡣
ֿ沢˯Ĵר˿ڶ, ֲȱǮġڳټһ㰵, ڽ䲻۴Ӱģ۸͸ˡ
ִַ⵽ﶼĺݰġʽ, ӦоС
֮⣬ǮֵģǿԻǮԻԻһ뻻Ķ
ǼеļҼ, ССŮһֽǮ, һֽˡ
˻ܸͻ·ķ, Զ·ģĵ˵ط˳ǵģ˶ܽ
ȻǮͲ١ҺǮĶ⡣
ܶҶʶҪˣͲҪƽ̫ˡ
ͨԸһЩҪϢļʫʫ趼˼
мӵġ
ǰҲģһȺŮŮŮһȡڻӿɲһˣӲŮɣĶɡ
˵һ֣ƺڣɡޡ鶼ˣ׷ͷ
սˣ
Դ⣬ҫ۶Ŀһӿɽ𶯡
ں֮Ŀ磬Ӱ
վһͰѻⷲıߵʲô·һˡ
һͰʮ˸ѪɺӣʬҰ
սϣδ󣬾Ѿʤˡ
һʤս֤֮ˡ
ǧɽڤӻĵĵɵĶ֪սˡ
սףֶҪֺǷ׷׸
кȡ֮֮ǾӦ֪˸󱦱
ɽ֮ȡ١֮֮һ̬죬ƻ¹
һɽɣ¼Ȼǳһ츫ܲĻ
⺣ġɽı͹ˣʲôأ
ſǱݶϣ͵һսﻰþķ
Ȼͽˣ
սһͷ죬ϰƶ䣬˵ҷоͺˡ
սҲ̧ͷ죬Ϸǵ㣬˵ҷоͺˡ
ˣʱ֪ʲôˡ
츫ڰһƵ죬һǵ죬Ȼ͸սˣ˵սòˡ
Ȼ˾˵˵ӾҪƺ͹ءӦŴѾ׼һУԻعǻˣ
Щ֪ڷ̨ĸ̡̻дӵ䣬ܻһ̰òЩǶûзΨһľǣбսɱ
ʧˣгֱֻܿǴҸԱȵˣҲ˵ӵĺս֮ġ
ˣ̨ϰ߻ĽţƽʱҲƽʱû¾ͻƵأʱҲʲôõĴ󽫾Ȼסǲ˺°
ǧһսһսףĻɵ¿ˡ
Ȼ˷̨ţôһΣǷٳεģҲ
ٳʱǾáţǻҶɣ
ˣǾáţȻǻǧĶӡ
ǸͻȻðˣ£Ѿ˺ܶǸӵˡ
Ӱ˻ʵֺ칫˵£ڻûбҥء
칫ڶû֣
̨˶Ҫܹˣ칫Ҫˣôỹأ
ʵ˶û칫˺µġ
Ȼпǻʵۺ칫ˡ
Ϊʲô칫ͻʵȴֻǵһҲҵõɽͣȻΪĺ˻ʵۺ칫֪в䣬񵱻ʵۣµ˻ʵ콵Բŵ
ʵ۲õʱҲûôۡѾǷļˣ칫ûܷأعŵūܵԵˡ
аǺµǣԷ׷׷׷ȴûԽԽģ
칫˲ˣĶҪ̨ˣ
˭Ű
϶Ǽٽ̨֮ģȴ̨ǸӾҪȥӹȵˣ̨ú͸ûܹˣ
ʮﴦվĳҪʱ򣬷̨¶ˣǲһеܣҶҪˣ
̨ϣҲûɫ࣬޵Ҫ£ӿɱ
ڸӷĿڵʱ̲Ծøˡ
̽ǰȥ̽˵Ķһ̶ӣȻл˶ѣͦģݴıҲҹɫ̽ˣȷʵһ޴ʯ磬Ϊƺӡ
üֻһ棿ǸģӦ棬һҹǣ
̽ҡͷֻһ档һں棿
һ˵Ӧþˡӵǰ˼·
ǾǴŴ̨ġ
ǴŴġ
ҲãΪʵȷʵġҿܣһзֳʤ֮ҪôˣҪôѳӸɵˣóԸСΪ̫ˡ
ϡ·˼ǵóڶûһСӵĶҲû֪
Ҳû˸ҿʣڼĵĶҡݺ˶ģֻѾˡ
һѾԳ֮ˣôЧأ
ȻĿŵķ˶ĵأǰһһˡ
˼Ƭ̣ȥӭһӭҶڣ
֮УԽڶԸΪʹ£ȥǸ̶ӣ˵ʮأһϲĳӡ
ԣӭӣǲߵġ
ཫһ񣬶ɱءյǾǲТռˡ
ٰ⻰͸̶ӣ̶ٰϢ͸ͷǾͼ񡣡
֪ˡ
ϳͼ
һΣϳΣϣʮΣѵһֱϣ
˶֪ӹиӣТ˳øʮ䱦ڷ̨Ϲ˵Ю˻ʵۣ칫أȻǸˡȻռ˷̨
Ȼ뵱ʵء
תͷʼӦ˶ٹˣ
ʼʮ֧ȻֻǼͷǻؽƸеӦȥ
ĸߵģʮץ
ôܷȥӦǣ
ʼϿʼˣ׳ҲʼĶǸİȥӦǡץĿǰΪֹҲʮտɲô㣬һܾһƬǳ⡣
룬˵Ҳ
ʱֻܸ۸սˡӦܸģܸܸøࡣôӣھǸӦƴ˭Ǯضˡ
ҪӦǵİն˵


643 һ¸ýҿ
ҹ, 칫û˯, ۾ڴ¿Ѿ˵, ־, Ҫ칫ӳȥ
ȴû칫ĺ칫ϲ˯ҹèӣԴ󷽷Ĳߣˣ칫˯, Ҳǰ칫ڽ裬ָܰ칫ѡ
ÿ칫˯̤ʵˣһڡ
˼غͲô칫ԼˣҪʱʱ칫϶ٱ
һǿ, һѾ˯ˡ
칫Ϊʲôϲ˯, ǵҪҹ칫˵ˡ
˶Ȱ칫ġӸҶ˱ƴ໤
칫ҡͷأǶǸã
־Ƣ, 뺦칫ôҹ̨ˣ, ûʵ۶, , 칫Ҳץ˶ųܴ̂
ʲôأ
칫ҡҡͷ, ǼᶨİԼϢĳҹèӣһƻ;һ˯
ʱ򣬹Ȥġϧ˰Ҳӽ£˴ҹĴɱ̨ʱ˾Է׵ĳ棬ʱҪȿ̾Ȼʹļ׵Ĵ˴ŮӰɣ
Ҫο̾أָʲôʱԽķأ
ȥ߰ΣԽԽ֡
ͻȻ洫ŲǽˣŻص£۾ʼװ˯
ŵǸ˿󣬱ͬ׹Ҳװ˯
һ˶˯ˣת۹򣬵ͻȻ˳忪һ˾Żݲɷ˵Ҫˣ칫𣬴ȣӴ󵨣
װ˯ҲϽ˯ŵǸϵ칫ǰ˯ŵǸžѣĹһʲôҲ֪칫ǰ󺰣ˣ
һ˺Ȱ˰Ҫ칫
ʿǰץСһϵȥ칫ƿҪˣ󲽸ųȥ¹£Ϳˣԭղ˵
ôҹˣΪȡС϶𣿡칫Ц
ΨһܾǣıƵͷٹ̨ˡ
ڷ̨棬˶˵ǷҲû˸ĳ̨
ֻеȥˣҲûиĳ
Ȼ˭ڴ̨˳˳İӾȻʵйѻʵƽƽľȳ¹ϻλƽ¸λô󹦣º۹ʱҲδػһʡ
ִ֮֮ǰҪѹһѹģֹ԰͡
ԡ̨һʺѹĴ
ʱɱͷĴ˵ģҳǼ鳼
ϧڵĴ߶ûУûҳҲûļ鳼
˲ںǲĺ˻ʵۣ뵱ʵۡ
ڷ̨ǻˣӦ١
Ȼ֮ǰǶڸ߸ߵĳǽڣ̨Ц
Ӧüڷֱ̨ռ˶ôһˣȻһֱȥҪôɱ˻ʵۣҪôǽĴ
칫ΪӦǵڶ
ŷ֣Ǹӡ
ٵһꡢꡢ߰꣬ȵѻʵ۸ȵ֪ڷ̨ĺ¡
ڲŹȥһ꣬ĻԶԶ
ȴҪӷ̨ϳȥö֡
ҲƱ֡
ϹͷҪܿඡ
칫ʮ֣࣬صĴȳѵѾȲȥҪҵ𣿡
ɫҲ̫ÿѾû˸칫Ϸ飬Ҫѵ͹һ𣿡
Ϊƺӵľ޴͵̨֮ʱԹĻҲѾͻȥˡ
ûֻµ
µһ޴ʯţһƥ̨ġ;Ȼľ̾
һТ˳ʫ׾ţڸأСţţϵһ־ͬϵ˰һ
СţһֱţֻϷûࡣ
ڳˣѾ˵ȥ֣統СţһֻҪ˦β͸ϲӬݡһʻϷͿˡ
ΪТ˳ʵΪʾĸȻܻµǣؾȻзġ
ӸʹˡֻǲԸΪ̫ӶѣȻ͸вҪλ
˶Ĵŭ⣬һ˵зģ˵ĴҶˣô⸳
˻ȥǧرȥҪظ
˻زѴ֮˻Ĵǲŵġ
ضٶ飬ʵжٽһ𿴸дĴǻĻҾ϶ǲʤһûжٱ
رǲ̽·̽ȥܿ̽ӹȵʵƲһӹȹȾ˾Ρ̽ɵľ˳ǱסҴլˣÿ춼Ҫҩ
пյģաѲߵʿɫѾûʮҾſգûҲûŵڵϡ
Ҳո֣ׯյģŮˡ˺СӶ
̽̽ڽζڶκʹȥҾˣ˵İˣʣµĻҾǿ£ӲǸش˸ƽ֣ǰظϻغӹȵġ
ԣޱҲ
̽Ϣͻȥͷġ
ȥرûӹȣ;ͣˣŸ˵Ӧе㲻ͷ·ʱ˵Ӧÿղ䣬ݣ칭ȱ
ǰߣпܲӹȾͻȸӦǶϡ
˼֮ǧ˻ˡ
еĴһӦҡ
룬ٴ˸شţǻᣬȿشʤ̫ˣ˻ְΪ٣
ȻأûУ뵽ˣְ־ͺۣ
ҵĶôְʮָˣΪ̫ӡְ̨ʵԲ㣬ʥּǾ죬̫֮λˡ
Ĵ˵ְϲĶΪ̫ӣȫǻԡһŵĶԲԣְֵĲ˼˵Ϳְְɡ¶ʲôģȫǼٵģְֻ㣬㡣
͹ȥҸоδܴˡڸҪֻҪٶ˵˵أܰƭˡ
ĺܺãǡ˸
ʯţ֮ʯһƪ仢ġͬʱһŻƤ
룬ҲҪġʯӺӹϵ̨ߵ·ɲ̣˶֪͸ģټϰĻƤڰʾʲô
ʾôװ֪ء
űдԶ˵ȥ֮ĵΡ
Ӿͼһαһˣһαһƴ󡣵Լļװ˵ǸĽᣬѶ񣬲سɴ󻼡
˵زȥԾҲǲˡϾϿҲûŹ
ðɣǲܺˡǾֻɱˡ
ЩҲƼҸˡ
̨ϵĻʵһֱûʲôڸУһдڸѡʺһдڸƺһūˣ
Լټڷ̨͸ñ˵Ҫʵˡ
治Լܵ
˼룬Ϊˡסôӷ̨ȥˡ
رغӹȰظɵû״
ʹϻʵۡ칫һߡ
ͰȫˡӦϵ칫ƳȥͲӦϸ칫
ںӹȰ칫Ϊةࡣʵۺͳš
һʲôҪҪǰ칫лʵ볯˲Ȼֺ
칫ʮֿ칫ɱǾϺ칫ġ߰ɣͬͬáԸة֮λ꣬ί칫ġ
칫Цڳһӣĳȥˡ
ĳ޸ӿ쵽ˣ֮ǰĸˡ


644 ɡ
뿪̨˭û˵
ûѱɳȥˡһЩֹ, ʮ׽ص˶ɱġ͡ƳǡƳЩ˾ͱͶ, ˼ǣҲ⴫š
˶׼ˣû֪Ǵ㳷ߡ
̨, ߰࣬Ҫ뿪ˣʮֲᡣ
иǵȻֻܿϢⶼױ, ֻһ˵ĺ
ʵۡȻסԼĹСλڹƫƧĵطΧʲôҲûУֻһž޴ľɢҵš
ߵѾֱɡЩֵءȵǶôϧӰ
ȵһݵˡ
岻̫, վŵʱǹ䱳, 㵽˵ȥΪ۵Ĳϲ, ڼλǰһֱҳǰ
ʱֻгչһ, ŻȰŮˡ
֮, ļԶȵۡ˵ûļƣСڽ֮Уܾµĳ谮, òµĶ, Ҫȥ˼õʲô
ȵȴ֮Զĸ, Ҳ֪Ů˭ʺ, ȴҲֻǰɱϵλĹߣû˿顣
ֻ£ȵû˿Ļᣬ缢ƿʵѧϰΧһУΧ˵߲ȵͣӣĶǶ
һֱڳע⵽ȵ֮ǰȵѾ˺ܶ취ȥӽˡڳֻżȻһĺӣǡĻʺĹУʩݾͿԴӻʺصС̫ӣֲΪأ
һҲδȥʺһΣôÿһζõȵۣ
ڽС̫ӴӻʺСᡱʱʺȻŭǷС̫ӾΪϲԸ뿪ĸ󡱸һס
ûжģƢֻԸô׽ô򵥡ȵ۵˳󣬳ɹ飬ϰգƽ
Գ˵˵ǣȵȻõ˼ȴҲ˸Ӱ˵ĺ֮ȵ۲ŭϧĸӡ
Ϊ˶ͲܻġȵҲԶص˱
ǵȵ⹬ʱǶһһصĸǽΪΪ׼ġ
ȵ볯»סĹˣȴסЩŵġ
סȥһͰˣȴȻйŮ˷̡ΪȵΣڴ˵عš
ʱӳĲŮ٣ᱻ͵˵һ仰ĹûУһĻᶼС
뵽еԺȵ
ǹõúܺã磬нŲӽű߾ͻ׼ãᵲſڣǻűߣСĲҪӰӣȻܳȥһ˲ͳ֣ʲô֪ͷû͵ȥˡ
Ǹӵ
ǰŵĵطͣһܳǰױΧţֻһѻ
һȰǸʵۡ£ǳԡ
ʵۡųػĽŲ߹ȥһĽǸ˵֣ʤʤ
Ȼױİ˳ҲϽ˽ȥѳһأѸˡ
ųױıºܿϢɫоͷģתͷȥһġ󡱡
ʱǰбһͣŤʴ
һʣôЩúõİϳ
Ĩ˰Ѻ̹Ȼ󲻿ӣҵֲ˺˺ܶ취ֽչסã޷ˣҲ޷ˡ
˿˴а취̺󡣡
ųҲ뿪ˡ
롱칫
ϣ칫Ȼ÷ѶٹԼˣԼϳϲɣְοԼ֮У칫һͷܸʲô
˽𣬴칫뿪ˡ
Уѡ칫ɵӻʵۺͳ
뿪ڷ̨ؽһĴҲ糱ˮ㰲ĳˡ
糿֮ߵǰ⿴󿴿ҿȻЬŵܵĴǰǸ߸ߵĴȥ
ˣѺҴ׼ˣͿվ档
һģʲôʡ
һĶǳߵġ購ϧһˣ購Ȼܷųȥȡ֡ƴ󽫾÷ֱǶģʲôãȫ
ƴ󽫾˵õĵȻ칫
Ǳһ꣬ԾģҲвŵģйسɷӵġ
ڰĶĻÿ͵ʿͷȻһֻһ١ƽʱļܾ˭ȥɨ˭ȥͰ˭˵ȵȡ
ƽʱڻҳһҲһܵ¡
ΪᡱԲôġЩڻоʱ۹ǻᱻضá
߰꣬ʵô࣬ǸþҲˡһԲϾͰ˹ģ߼¼ǰʮꡣ˵ĳһλʵۣ󳼶ײˣȥҸطȻһֱϷţȻˡ
ˣǼ
ʵˣһʵҲˣһˣڵĸʵڶʷʱ򿴵ȵ볼ӽԵȤ£ָЦˡ˷𣿡
Цš
ʵۻţ˹ôãȥ룬˵ӡΪʲôأΪ˱Ժû󹦷̾Ȣ˸Ů˺ӣŮŮӾôţ˷Ĵǰķضڹˡ
һڹʵһ澰˻ʵһҲ֪Ůûв֪ġ
ʵˣЦʹ˻ңŮҲΪˡ
֮󻹳ɾһξѻ
ôǰڣŹ˶ã
ء
СԽ˵ûˡһĴˣľľôӲȥǺӳȥ˾û˶ѡ
û˰
ü˵Ϊ׽ŪҵȡӳȥٱΧɱǾͲֵˡ
ͷ˵Ķԣܴ⣬ٵȵȿ
ġ
Ϊ˻ƻҲû˸ͷˮ
һˣŰʹ⿴˵û˵ˡ˶ƴ
ܲܣ
ٵȵȡ
˵ǵȵȣѾ˰·ȶӣ˾ͭյͭ˾СΧűϣȡ
ֺˣֲָ˸ġ
֪Ǻ˿ڣҰɡ
ʱֻ־ŶŴҹȥ۵ģҹﴫȥԶ
ҲһֻͭҴߵШӣШӿúϣ˰мҲ
һСˣһ֧ľһǴӼϲģȻһʪ·ڴľϣľʪ·ʽȻʡ
ˮ**ڵϡ
ôΧһʼڿЦͭȥҶûãһʪ£һ
ɽԽԽˡ
ýûôûãһ·šôѾɴͭǰľһͷһþ
һ֣һȷʵһ㶼ⲻˡ·Ҳûá
Ｗһ仰ǡ̹ķӡ
ʱʹ̵ʹˡ
һȺһÿֻһٷ˺ܿûˣǽڻſ˸ɡ
ЦǣϷˡ
װͦ񡣡
˶ҧӿô¡
ֱҶľͷ
һָľϷһ˵ǲɿһ㣿
ľҲȫШϵģһһΪ֧ţľҪҪ򣬺οʲôûС
Ŀһһʪ·ܡ
˲и·ˣȻĻˮأֻˡ
˲ԸȥͰմ˵ֻԼġһûûȣʵҲࡣ
Ҳˣ׷׽Ҹһ㡣

غ󣬵ֶЧµġ
ھһ֮һ㶼ӳˡӳûɱģӳ֮Ⱦ͵Ѱһˮ̶ȥʪܵɫ֮£׸ɾıɡ


645 ӭ
ѵ÷, һ¾ҳԵġ
̨߰ʹһʵǱԽԽ, нҲԽԽ̨࣬ͥ¥಻ʤ
ȵۺ͵λʵ۶ûжڳ裬ԴĹǿݡ
ǵĵطǰװ輿Ů, Ŵرʵ, ԵҲرƫƧ
ǻųһʮˣһһٷ, ֶµµĻˡ
Ϊûһ, ˵, ˶ûһϽ˼飬취, Ρ
һ԰ס, ͷڱصһѾ˲Ҳ˲ٵ˵, أ
ˣ
ˣôûɱǣҲɱ
ĶȷŷţҳԵİɡ
һ˵, ҵĶ̶
һԼѮЩ߲ѵ˵ѰЩҵˣ̫Źۡ
˷˰ۡһѴ˹һһ, Ϧദ, Ա˴˵˽ȼе檸, ʲôװģ
ֳ⣺Ҳ, ǵѰϼѡ
ͷ
õ, ֮оͳ֮еͷġ󲻸Ķ˵ȥһɡ
ҡҡͷȵȵȣһȥ
һѰԵĴĶûУֻü˼ѳһ·СһѼһߡ
ڴʱ˵ȥһ
ҵ˻ʬס
ȷӦˡǲ֪ܵʱûҪ֪õʥּ˵ڵ¹̣Ҳһ죬ӵ˶ϳȥɱˣʣµȻǴµġ
ҲЩܹһԭ򣬶´֡Ե֡պ󲻹Ƕһˣϵʦͽͬ硢ͬ
˼ܵʱӦûġ󡱣ǡҲӦѾˡڹȥҪôʬףҪô˵ʬס֮ܿô¡
ҲҵԵġһ䣬ҵʿʱˣ
̫ո£Ǿ͵Ŵ󳨣ߴæ
ǴӺȥ
˷ֳɼ·Ƶ棬˽СߣӺŽԺһۿľ䣬ˮ;ѵѪӡ
ȥһȺӬѪڵذϣ֮ճ֡
ڽǼģҲɱˡҲиһˡ
ҹ¡߸ֻࡣ
ҲܿҵʬףǰŴ￴˶ţĿڣöֶΣ
ѪǴģԱߣѪ˰Ժӣˡ
ͽ߹ȥθӴĿġ
ǵԳһСɽ˺͹ŮǴŹе·վһȴ泯ſڱ˴˵ʬϡ
Ǿɱַ
²վһȦһ˷һѵȻǻͱһɱһһ㶼Ծ編ƾ͸ˣɱϺôܡ
һżﶼ˵һʬɽ
¶Ľ֮󣬽ӣ˵šߵ˶ˡˣȴûдߵˡȫɱˡ
ԺѾգһȺȺĲӬǵأԺȫ
ǸϽ뿪ǰߣ¶ߵһһ˸Ƶ˵Щ˺͹ŮŹΪβɱҵȣ
ˡ
ЦҲпܵһ𰸡ӵĴæǰ˲ãԶľûˡǲһ
һͻȻһЦЦͻȻͣҲͻȻ
һ·ĬĬӺ޵һˣ󿪣߰ʲôС
һУм޵볯һȵģǵĽŲҲæ볯¶ˮԵɴ˾֮£ǶԸʬס
ЩסľšʱǼ˾һϲĳˣûˣ
ĶǶˡ
ǻһЩ˵Ьָ࣬˴ϡ
һ˼һϣɣⲻ𣿡
Щ·ǳµģһЩͲ֪ˣǷǳõ·ɾࡣ
Ϊɵ忡תͷһϳ죬ǰһѶϴˣȻ㵽ȥ·ˡ
ЦһԽơ
ǶŶӵġʳû˿ȥڿЩʬ֮Ҳû˳Ե·
һ£ֳ·һ·ȥһʵۣһ·ȥ
˵⹬ﻹܻˣǾֻط˰ɣ
ͽһӣͷˡ
ȥϳĵط칫˵ÿϳڴߵȫȻ͸øȥˡ
ǸϵǰûнȥͿһЩڵǰȥߺܿ췢˶Էɱڵ׼ɱ嵽һ뷢òǡѾ
һҲǺϳͷң۵ӣһ߲࣬Ϳʼະһͷ˸Եݡ
һ칫Ϊ׵ҴյˣųĴƴĶǰǻ࿴ڡʱ˿ϣеΡ
Σǰȭţϸ˵һѾȥ̽ˣ˹Ů˼ӣ֪ȥ
߼ô̹ϡΪ³ˣûǰԸ˵
ڳһˣȥƣҲǸողӳ
֪ǵһˣڶǰЩͶģǱڹ⣬Ҳ֪ͼ죬ġ

һȺɵӣ
ȺɵΪ׵칫ͱˡһʼҲɱǣ칫ȰסˡٺǾһֱ칫ڱĵطܳ칫ȴҵһˡ
ľǴ˴ˡ
˵ڶͬˡ
ȻūҲˡ޹Ǳ˶ܲˡ
ٿһĻֶҭ£Ҵȡ촽૵
ЩԭڴĲסȻӵΪܹ࣬ƳһͷˣǱһлĶ࣬;֮⣬ûзģûԾġ
ǻϺ󣬴һһ¸Եٴηֱˡ
һҪЩߡ

һҪȥ칫һȥ
˰ֳɼ·ڶ㼯һ𣬴ڿյĴſյףβˣЩãȻ
ܳŵסȻѾˣĶͼֻԧ죬ܳˡ
ܽһ£ǽûҵ칫ҲûҵĻˡ˶ѵֱֻǳʵ˶һ
ĳ˻ʵ칫֮⣬Ρ
⣬пѾɨһա⡢⡢ⶼˣøɸɾһ죬һʳһһͰͣһ;ƶûҵԵֻϷɵˮε㣬ˮֻȥ԰ˮ̶мˡ
ֻʱж˹пصɪƳɹǿ˼Է
һ£ȴҳԱ˵
нζΧһȺ˶ǶҹģµµŵζЩ̲סˣ׷žͭʢųԡ
ˮ֮˵Ŷˡ
Ⱥɫ䣬˻Ǻ򶨵ġ
ɣһȾÿش򿪹ŶҪĽƶҲƣΪһţǱƿģֻý̡
һ⣺
ʵ˶֪̾λڹԱ߻·ڳǽţڵ²ţ϶и䣬һſͨĶֻعŵĽ֪ˡ
Ķ֪
̨Ÿţˡ
򲻿ţǾͳȥȥֻܶռ˷̨һ꣬ܰյĵطˣʲôû¡
֮ǰǻΪɱǿ϶ǲңڲŷ֣˼Ҳɱ֪һأҲֻ·һ
ֻʣǽһ·ˡȻǽָֻû˵ǣϣŬġ
ëѿڵһ£ҵҪھ
˶칫ڣëѿ϶ͷˡⲻëѱ˵ģȻˣĻ칫ʱķ֣ҶʱҲԸ
ëѣ²ڣ칫ڣҵȴҡЮ칫ߣպƱػɴĸ֮ҵڲøںӹҵȣ䵽ˡ
ֱ׵˵ǰʵǸɵӣ칫Ĵ³ʮϷװһжãġƽƽİȹʮꡣ
칫ˣɵӻʵҲˣϷҪȥΪһвֹһ
̫ƽֹӹȵ뵱ʵۣе뵱ʵ۵ġ
ΣǶװһжãʵûˣûϵһɵӣֻҪϷһ˾Сһյκһ˵һƷ˭ֱܷ
˭
⻹˵
һֳɵ̫ӣ
Ϊ³ˣò˵һñ˷ԣͷҲֻȣ
ëѼҶûʲô飬һӭֹǣλ
ǰһ׵ʮλھͿһֹС̫Ӽλϼ
˼鶨˶˿鶼ˡ
ʣµľǷǽȥˡ
ëȴеһԣС˵³СҲûҵʬҲҲ£ܱˡȥ󣬵̱빫㡣
ץС³ܺ⣬ҲǸҲһơ
ëֹ³µȽ˷̨Ժٱ˵Բ˳ҪھҶĲǰֹ
һСͳһˡպõĻҲܵӰ졣
ͷлëѡе㾪ȡǰûëѴôڿҲǹˣ
ڷ̨Ӫ˶ãһƣǹˡ


646 ļ
ӷ̨ӳĵڶ, Сż칫Ϊ˲òʱһ̨ϣ칫˵ĳĳԯˡ
ɼӵж༱
С鱻ߵſڳ׻ͷתǰǹֲ塣칫ŵס, ҧһӻ½, Ͳҧͷˡ칫Ц
о, ŲܳϴıܲܳŵסС鱾һڳšţܵҪڳĸζҪ߳, ͷ㶼ײ, ̡ܹ
칫곤ʮ겻ֹȴǿ칫Ժ, 칫չôڳܵʱסԼôôϢô̼̿, ʺ
Сһһ, ȻͺùˡʱʱĻ䡣
Сܺ칫ô̵ľ飿ľ
칫ܺԽĵƷô³˸, ͱСһҳģôأ
СǺЦ˹ľͱ, 빫̸ЦӹĶѾûˡ
칫⼸һֱû³, ȥֻܴ̽ĵ¼, ĵһ⣬ȫҳ
ⲻܲ칫
ôС˵ôһ£
ǲԣ칫̽
СҡҡͷǵᡣЩֻδ֪ǹµ֡ŵ˵Ƕ֪֪ľ͸ҸŸˡ
칫δβףһף
С˵ʮ壺ΪŮ֮ȴԶʤж³йĴ󡣵ʥּ½ٹ̨ʱҹ¿ɶһƬɨ칫һۣǹԼԸ⣬ʥּҲǲġ
칫ʮָӡ
ǰԼԸ⡭
ʱҪǲѡͺˣ
ѡ˵ܰȵıۡһѡ󣬰ѴŮｭɽͰ½òӡжʮһϣ˵Ҫڴ˿ˡ
ôŰ飬·Ҳįˡ
һգͻȻͣˡһ˼ҴҵĹѶСЮȥ⣬˵С麦£칫Ҳһɺͳס֣
ʱʿץסС飬ͰˮСϽȥ
ǾĩȻȲ˵С˰Σһֱûϴ裬ų߰·³òӬˡʱˮ̣͡
칫ͶС鶼ˡ
С黹ͷ˵ͷҲһͰʹʹ죡
칫ͻȻˣ
ǰǲ³·칫󺰡
Сһǻһ飬Ҳ̧ͷ
һСЦȻ칫ǰ³ʮڣԸԼϯҵȴ³ȥǰͷлһл塣
С飺
칫
ƼСȻԺӶﵽȥˡ
칫Ƽ˵⸱ɵðġƼҵµ˲£ֻ֪ռʹѴӻʵ۵󳼶ץˣҲŻʵأΰˡ³ֻǸӽŲȥͷǲʲô⡣
Ҫǽ浽ȥˣҲˡ
칫תͷԶСĳһҪԹ˵ǲӢۺܣһҪúУ
СصͷұػҹǺεȵӢۣ
С鱻ߣֻӲٴ̡
칫ų϶ſݣͣнеĶж١
ĺܶ࣬һߣȫǳ顣
С˵飬ȫϺõĺӹ
칫ͷ˵
Ŀ϶ͷ٣͵϶ȫʳ
һ벻ǣԽ࣬ԽףԽг̣ǰҪԽࡣ
³϶³˰Ŵ͵ӹȥ϶ҪԼ˽֡Խ࣬ҲԽࡣ
ͣս߾Խ
칫ĳ
ĸƽƽӹȣһ;ر

ֻĴʱ⽪һûע⣬ͶСɾҪˡ
ԶС˵ڴߣҲҪΪıߡ
СԽò칫죬칫ʱ϶ȥΪСҪɵʲô
޳ɣģ
ƨĹ¯࣬վ͸Ƴһƪ
СӢġ
칫Ӣ䣬ɿΪ۵ġ
С飺
Ҳ繫С̾
һƪڰʱŬ취복Ϣˡ
ĴͣϰӣһΪ˸еļϸ̿׷Ļ᣻
Ϊ˷ֱ˰ʳѰһ·˵ӹȥ
칫ͶСͳڽԷȾƵĹˣƤǻʵۡ
С鲻칫Ƥ񣬴ͷβֻܸ͡
칫¾£һҪȥʵۣʵ̾ҪݵıĻеڶܾˮ𣬾ڱأֻֻҪԸ⵱ʵۣ͵˵Ŀ൶֮ǰֻҪʵۣ˶ĸԸ
칫ĸŪˡ
ΧŵǺܿ춼˵ˡ칫ööװ
ʵǸɵӣҪһǿƹܣǾ
бˮ¥̨ڴĴҴ²ҪңõǸϽһǿֽ˵ʵۡǾ
㿴ӦϲĻ죿ʱ칫Ϊʲô޳ɻȥ̣ΪǶ뽻˰ˣźŰҶ뷴ԲɻȥʾʾѹһʵˣǾͲҪһˣʵԼĽ
濴ûбʺϵʵ۵ˣ
֮
ϰ


ŷ׷׵꣬칫Ī뽫ƭȥɱ֮죿
칫¶͸ģֹǶԴ£жġ
粻ţȥӹȣĳΪ飬µǻպط̨ͻأأƼݺӹҲδɡ
еŲסˡ칫д´ʵۣζ벻
һƬģڴʡ
칫ϵĳ֮Ŀɱ£Ը棡
˵Ųţǰ칫ͶС鶼ߣٰ˷ڶβˡ
칫Ҳû˵ѣ̾Ϳʼʥּ˵ûʵ۵λȵಡظĽӢ˵ãԸУպȻһμѻ
ǲ˵òá
칫Լдʥּ͸ȻͿʼһһƪĴȿʼյĶͷˡˡ
ȻҪͬһ㣬칫ֻǸдͻ߰ƪоһˣоŸͬķÿ˶һȵص֡Ϊʲôڷ̨һССعŵĴ󽫾ʼأȻΪҪȴŰĵط
صĲǷ̨ţصǴš
ôţͲö칫̫ˡ
칫һã칫һˡ
Ȼһֱƽƽӹȥ˵ѾܹϮˣͻȻɱһκˣÿζԽԽĶɢһΣʧľūʿкüǧˡ
ƼҾһ浶ǹҪȥ˼Ҵˣ˼ܵñӶ졣
׷ɣʧ󣬿Ҳ࣬е㲻ֵá׷ɣӬһܷˡ
һֱڲµĻʹ˭߳ɵΪأɵΪӦҡ
ûһ˲Ǹ͹³ΪѾ빫ǺԶˡ³ڴˣȻиòС̫ӣ³ſǴ󵨻ȣԸ볯ͬ齷ﶼһ˵ֻҪԸȢ̾ųҹҪˣҪҪ³Ͱ³ܵ͡
⸱顱̫ˣʵû취ġ
Ҫ֤ĵʳ̫ˣʳж٣ľж١Ƽ¾ûһġ
칫ĪСĻ
ġ
Ȼġ


647 Ƽ

ǲץҵ, ֻǾöЩϺзֲֵ, һ, ֱӰĻ֮˵ͷȡˡ
϶ڱ󵷹, ߳ҵҲô, ֱȥս֮ǰȥ˹Ψһĳ, СսԿһֱ, ֻȰȥһ, صͷȡ, ؿԽ˻
ս˿ӱ޵˺ӹȣȻ֮ǰ˰ѳǸΧ, һһ˽ȥȰسͶ˵Ļǣ, ҪҪȥǲТ
۾ְλǴ󽫾, 󽫾һ½㲻ܲ
볼Ǵˣĳ, Ҫ, ܲȥ
˵˵ȥҪظϽ
زϳ, ȥֻһ˵ǣϾ׸ӣͷ˵Ҫɱ㣬ͷ㣬϶ͲᶯɱˣҪɱҵҲ鲻ɱòãҪң͸ҳȥɡ
ȰȰȷʵû˸ðճȥϳˡϾ׶ӣǳӡ˵òǴʡ̫֮λûӰСӣҲֻ˽˵һ˵£ԼûŴҵϡɱɱʹ죬պʮٺˣѽʱɱص˸ӱ𡭡ҲǺпܵİ
˵Լû˵طɣɱ˵ˣҲŰ
صӹʱŵ̫ӵġǲ㻰ˣ
ڴֻΧɱţϵˣɱԶ֡
δսˡս˵Ŵܱڱ׷ҧصˣǸϽý˴
ҶţƼȫʲô̿Ͳܵ°
ս˵Ϊ·³ĳʱǹڴ̫ˣΪŲòߵЩ
һҶˡ֮ڱսҲӹʲôˣ³ǽȼü󼱡
ȻӢ˵ã
ǴƷ
սһȺ˸ˣü죬ѳ˸⣺ȡ͵͵͸Ϣȥأǹǵʱ˵ˣظϽܣԺǷţǾҵլԺһΧŻһգⲻ͵ڰظ
ȻҪţֻܷһټϼţͲˡ
ͨϢͽҲʼڴս֮˵Ĵߴ¿ǡ
ſصȫǱ޳ǽͨգȵܲӾ͹ˡ
صȫҴլ׼翹
Щ˰ҴլΧˣٴţʾؿˣǻſһӣغ뿪ʱǾҪŻˡ
һʱ֮󣬹ȻóĿ϶ܳȥһˡ
Щ˴ʱɱȥѲ飬ϾһҪŻһû߱Ͳˡ
ȷլû֮󣬳תۼͰҴլûˡӹ߰ңʹ˸֮һ档
Ȼǻ˸ߵһˣŻץŻĺáһ׷һӼ䣬ڲزΣˡ
ǰҪĸͷջ٣ҰҰ޿ʳԶҲ֪ǻԶڶ
ҪҹҪܰ
ĸԿصͷ­ڰУʮ죬ۼѣͽͷ­ջӵӣҪץסʱԾˡ
׷ץ˶ˣǶΪ˾أڲŷ־Ȼǣأﵹһͷʬȴûͷ֪ǲء
Щ룬ǼٳڻﱻˣɱһµյĿȫǺ󵱳ش˻ȥ
ʣµΪɱɣ⵽ΧĳǳһزҲТҪץȥģǡԾЩȰ˶ۿ**Ŷ
ɲɱģҲɱġ
ǻƼӴȥֻһĻҲ˵̫ûһҪɱӰɣƼҸӵУ·ģɱӵԭѾΪСλˣ޹ɱӣͿ͸
벻ȥǴţŶýһٴС
ĶӣȻһҲ
ƼڸشԴˣͲ֪ܵȥˣ
Ʒ᱾غƼĺ壬ҲǶŲҼ硣ȥģŵпܻỤ˵ҪɱظСλƷ룬ȫóķǸͲ¶棬գ˴һСǵСа˶ͣҵģҵģҼƫԺȥˣΨһǿľƷûռҵĴСϱϡ
ƼҼҽĶӣλСӻȥϵͷһ͵ʲôûҲǺݶ͵ģһ²һ£ڴеӹҲͦңȻٻȥɱһȺ˵ׯ
̫ƽС֮һȺȻԺеǮ֪ΪһҲǶˣ͵һȺɽһԺɣల£Ҳģ졣
һգСƷᣬ˵ǰǼΪССݾɣǰҲãҲգǳǮ͹ȥˡˣӹ۸Ҳܱغõȥ˵㡣
ѾȫңӵȥĿǰӹȥ˹࣬ϢˣڹСҲѹ
ԴǲǸ÷ֵˣ
Ʒһ룬÷֣Ҳȥǡ
ĺͻںӹӵ˹ǡһʼ±֣ƭȥһūҺ°Ǹ۾ϳˣܻȥ֪ԭܼ򵥡
˾͸գĸף͸ĸֵܣһĸһĸ
˽ȥѧܿͱҵһְСÿվڳſս³棬ΥҼͣ˸״Ƿֱ֮͹ٵ͹٣ùĹЩ򵥵СԼܷˣŮӸ׸ǲϸɻǴСǶǮþƵȵȣʹͿԼˣֻ껹ҪдʣȻƾĶУҲ̫ƫһ
ͨȰӸϽȻƤҪԿͷģ
ʵڲУҲ顣
ﲻӿԳޣŮҲԳ򣬲ǼȢ׸Ժ롣
ĺ嵽˹Ժ֪³ɾȻô࣡ÿ춼ﲻʣҲԼὨ飬дϳʡ
ĸ׵ʱҲԸ׺ͺˡ˵
ҡͷĸװף뿪ġĸһֱȰظףϧǸ׶ĸӸûжٸ顣
̾˿ĸӹĻİաۼƭ뺢ӵӱ淢ãҲ޸Ӹ游ܸ֣
һ׮ӺѺĸ׵ظˣ룬뿴رץ̡
˵ǿԼĸױ𣡡
ģ֪Ҫȶá
˴ϢܿͽǳԾˡ
ΪѾӷ̨غӹǻˣҪɱĳӣΪλСӡ
ĺ˵һҹʹ˹٣غӹȣ
ۿرɱĸױ
˵ʱҲǱظƭء


648 
˵ѾµĻʳ
, ҡһ, ٰһС׷ҧʱΧȦϣʱְѽҪϵϿظϻغӹȵҲ
ҲصǺ, ͸, ٹ꣬Ҫսˡ
Ҹʱ䣬һ£ʱĶ, Ҳ, Χɱʵ
칦綼ûμӾͳ˹, Ļլʽ͸ļҽȢҲʽ޸ľӪҲʽס˽ʣµĻұ, ھǻĵˡ
ĻûﾭʱѾȫ, ˾Ǹӣͼʲô̩, ߹Ծ, ӡ
ֻͼһǴֻ̡Ҫһˣܲս
Ľ֡ҼҴҲع, Ƴ, ƺΪ񽫡ҰʷΪеĽս, սϣ겻ɢͶΪ̥ǻˡ
ǰûڷˣҲòΪ顣
ƫƫܿлǳһϸ£ֵԼٴȦ
ͱڡ
ʲôûɣһֱھӪıĶУششء
ʵܺðġһþǲܣһǮιţٸǸɲܻͰ˾Ųʮˡ
ֻھǻһˣԼľ
һμʱˣһٶⲿ䲻ֹʿϵģϣܣ
˵ҪͿˣƪǡ
¾󣬲Ǯʵʵ涨ģλһˣҰֻͷߵеϧ
ɱڴʡ¶ˣһιһҪǳڶ򼸴̣ǲͺܿܵˣ
ԼûˣٰⲿøҽǿһһģҶûôԡ
ǰԹٶԹҲˡʵڿɳӢ
һͷϵǲӢ˵Ҫġ
ϻأ泯ȥ̣ʤȻҶһˡ
չǶԻҲ𣿲ǣΪ˼İֶԻҵġԼˣҲ˵λмֻ̫ǿ˲ѱҪǵ
ժǹεǣÿض㵽ַһ·ΪպٽҲа
õӵ̫֣ѵҶһʹûô
ǵģ漴ʿҲŰˡ
ȵΪսϵʿǰŮʢļ룬Եʿġ
û鵽ϡ
ʣµĻֻˡ
ʱֻ̫̣аꡣһʿܣ
Ϊ˲ʱűȥڹǸתʱʱľĵˡ
ż˻һȸƣ˵˵
ཻһϢ
ĸѾһƬɢ¶ץľˣҵأҪҪһ㰡
㻹𣿡Ц
Ļ˵Ӧ֪ɣңϻȥͶ˵ͶȥôţǼҾȻӦˣ̽ȥϵǱЩ
ӦǸ̨һͣغ񣬲ǹսʮ³ǿԱȵġ˭Ҳ֪жٵϸ
ļЦ㻹ӦǾͶڹߣ϶Ҫȥ̽̽·ʱȴƳҪ׶ˣ
ǸӣûҲҪ̴
Ͳ¹㣿
ҡҡͷѵ빫ȻʶãóСҡ㵱Ҵذˣüëᶯһ¡
Цֻ򲻹ƼСǲһͷˡ
ģ֪㲻ţպԼɡ
һǰĶ˵дӷ̨ˣ·ǴƳǹġҿǴˡ
ﲻţʲôڷ̨˶ܴ𣿻ģӱ𣿡ҡҡͷҿɱصġ
˼ҲõϢˣ֧̽̽ȷʵд￪
ŹҲͻİѱȥڴﵽӹȵ·ϣطԼҡ
ŽӵڶǵѾ͸ˣҪݾֻȥ

һ
ô죿
һսͷڿݵķ϶ֻǰˡ
Ҳûսֻȿٶ֡
빫Ǹӡ
Ǿֻˡ
ͻͷ˷ֺù·ڶ·ҲԺһ£ƽʱǸɸġ
̽Ҷһãཻ
ǻĽ칥ˣʱڶȥˣ˸ȦպýӰ졣
˾ߣſĲݴһһڵΧֻ䲻ȥҧҧ˾
ҲˣĶϵ̫ˡ
ͳȫǺóԯ󳵣ŵʳر࣬رر𲻺
ǰߣĶͨĽ᲻ʳֻƴųǰߣͱס˽š
˼Ϯ֮ѧˣмʿãߡ
ȷʵˣһ˱һ߱͵ԡֺ͵ľūɱˣҲҪ˰ֻðѿճ˹ٷŵˡ
ƼҾһһڵģǰ涼òԶһ϶ܸϵϣĶֻԽԽӣܸϵϡ
ͻľ֪Ѿˡ
ǣ֪죬ĶмƻϮ
һϮ·ǰһߣûսһǰ˷ֺ͸Ͻ֧Ԯһȥ׷һϮĶܵľūץ˵ǣһߣصľɱˣ˲صԼŶߡ
ʱڶϮ·ˡ
µСͷ£ǰӭУҲˡ
ʱ֧Ѿȫͣˣūɢʿڸ鳤ָǿѳϵһ𣬰Ѿūлںսз
Ϯˡ
ǰѾܴߵˣµȫǲ䣬ûʲôģϮѾʿǾʧˣڽǶڣϮûõǹֿһգ۵Ĺͱɢˡ
ǰĶ鷢ֳºϹѾˣʬҰȫˡ
ʱŵõϢ֪췢ʲô
Ϯһ
ܰϮõ¯࣬϶Ǹˡ
ô˵֮ǰϮȫΪ˽׼ģֻΪǷɾ裿һҽ
ǰÿֻһأĿֻΪ˳ɢ飬ǵг̡ȴɱ
¡һûҰѻ˵
֮ǰǶʹģϮ̫ˣؾ
ֻǲ´˵ˡ
޳ɱصļҽЩˡ
мˡһʹڵ
ˣףûô񡱣ɱһ¾ͱøӲԭ¡
ǰᡣ£ҪЩ
Ѿ˷ЩʳеϺȣûЩݣЩʿǵǲٵˡ
ΪŻϮ
룬
˰ȫеһֻһ˿أʣµȫѸټϵȻҪƼұҲҪ
ȥǰͣסˣʼϡ
һ󣬵ݵĳӻ㼯һ󣬾ȻҹϮˣݶ͵ˣˣĻӳ˰죬յûϨ
֪ŭڣ
裡
Ҳһ¡
ԭЩǳʳģ
;Դ֣Щһ򾡡


649 Ը
Ӫʳζ
һʯͷ, ץһֻҰڿУߵͷʳ
ͷʳ, ⻹ڲ֪ġǰģǴ󽫻С, ˶һͭͷ, Բ, ͷϳǳ˵, û˵
ⶫԴ϶ã¹, ܾأ
ͷһôˮʳҩ
սϣʱһƺõĸɱ˵¡ںܶʿǱֱӰѹǲͣĿϺõĺӹףְ㣡
Ը, ʱ, ȻԸԷ, Ǹɽס
˵Щʳ
ڹ˵ݶѾ֮ǰ, Ѿʿٳ, ÿ췢ȥÿֻһѣûС
ս, ԸñǶŶǰҲι, ʿǲŻƴɱ, ΪԼĶ, Ϊܻһٱ, Ҳᵱӱ
ʿ˵ǵƼҸ֮, ʿǱˣǴûô͹
֮ǰΪ˷ֹӱں󷽲˼֧ץӱûӣΪ˷ֹʿ׷ţòЩӱİʿϻġ
Ȼǲߡ
ƼҵԮֿ쵽ˡ
米ʿǸаߣһչ⡣
ں׷ϵӪغͿȳ˵ʿռ˰ɽ£ϪˮＳˮڵͷȥʳԡ
ϵҰˣˮС磬ߣмһӡ
Ʈζ˸ˡ
ҼҽЦ˵ûôûصı
Ҳûӵı
ǻҳսÿսҪϰٰʮġȺں֮ھȻûһӣΪʲô
Ϊ֪ǵӺù
£ûбȹǵİչøõĵطˡ˭õڹǻǲ˰
궼Ƿˣǲ˰Ϊ˰ֵصԽԽˡ
ƽʱʿ˵պ󲻴˾ȥֵأڹ⣬ʮĶأȢϱӣúõĹӡȺӴ˾͵ȥ飬߰ܳдԼĿˡ
ŶĽȥˡʲôҲ룬úֵؾܻȥ
ϧС
һ£ҽҪô
ͻĵݶ͸ݸߣΪݣҪһ·ʹ˿һɣ˵ΪǶҪȥ
ҽ·죬Ƽʲô֮ǰһֱȦƳﶼûҴȥ˼أʺϣܽƽƽ߳ȥʮﶼû֡
ͷǾô졣
Թһٺ󣬼ҽǸһɢŵɽ˲ͳ˿յء
һǧˣСϮţͼһˣ˾Ͳܶࡣ
ϸǸȥۺʳҶӣ
˺ȺȣӦס
ߣ

һ̴꣬عһ󹦡
ϻͷȥңԶߣǾǰ֮£֮ϡ
У̨˼˳ſڡǴӳ̨ĴС壬е˻ȥеȥҲеΪӦǣͶҡ
ҲԷ̨ϢΪԼˡ
ڳֹ̰ʼָֹ𣿡
ʼҲϢŰɣָûѾȥˡ
ڷ̨µѾġҶɣ϶ġ
һʵѾˣ
ڶ칫Ѿˣ
ֹҪӭ׸ˡ
ǰܺ⣬߼Ҳ
ȷ̨Ѿһʵۡ칫ˡǰȻǼˣϢ֪Щ￪ʲôᣬʲôˣ˭˭ȵȡ
ʲôʲôʲôλݣǵϢоϾһ׽
ͻȻһ죬ЩＯʧˡʧĻһȫˣÿһˡ
̨´ǰĻʵۡ칫չַֻһˡ
һꡣ
ԣһʼĴЩ˶ץˣˣʲôˡ
ǿʼܣȻС忪ʼܣȻļҲʼܣǷ칫һ˶ûˣ
һ̱֤ʵˡ
ȻһǰͻȻˣǵıҲˡ
̨ǽˡ
һĻտˣڶഫ
Ƿǽģ
˺ü죡һһ֪˶˰
ͷ棬϶û·
ҽأ
ǽĸλ˻ؼҺԽһڷ̨·ˡǷ鲻ԳֹʱѾûˡ
Աˡ
ɱ˻ʵ칫Ȼˣ
˵ǻʵ۱Ծ칫ܾȱҲԾˣ
˰ղ˳ˣ
ëڽϲ£ϧЧ΢
ӵøˣ·̨һճǣѳŹֹ˽ӣˡ
ǵУȰѽٰգðսܴѾ̫ˡ
Ǳóһ취
ȻëѾڽ˵ʵû칫Ҳû˶ˣزԲһֱû֡뿪ΪȥʵҩĻ졣
֮û˺ʵ̨ۣһֱܺãҷġ
ȻΪز𣬻ʵչˣǾʵ۵Ľ㰲ֹչ˻ʵۣȰֹˣǾͿԷĵİѻʵ۽ֹˣҲܷˡ
ëߵ˺ܵĽĵ³ݣ³³պڷ̨˷ˡ
֮󣬾;ĵ³ݣնʡˣֻĸϵݡ
԰˵ֹĸ׵ĸǳƽλ֮Ů볯ͬ԰ֹҲ
էһų̂һ͵Ŀܶмʷ׵Ĳĳ򾭹һµҲв١
ܿ˷֣ƽ֮ͬŮ߰ţһ꣬ƽҪС߰ꡣҲ˵С߰ĳƽµĶӣɻ飬˰ֹ
ֹ˭أ
ëѵ˲˵Ҳ緢ˣǲ³ôȦӣ̨ȷʵǳˣŰһ³ͷƾ
ƾ˸ʲôҾĿǰƲ⡣
Ȳ˵ʲôһԼжϣʲôʵۺ칫ˣ϶ˡ
ھûʵˡ
ûʵ۲Уôûʵأͷûʵӻô첻
ⰲֹʲô
ǰֹиС̫𣿡
С̫ӣⰲֹΪʺ󲻾ˣ³ΪҲδɰ
³ףŮӿ׸̳мţĴ뱣һ㣿С̫ףһʲôҲ䲻һˡ
⵹Ҳǡֹ³׸Ǿˡ԰ֹ׸ʡ
ô˵ڷ̨²ġ԰˽ӣǧټƵӡ
ǾֺǺǵ˵⣬˳Ϣͳ̨
ǰЦˡ
ʼˣЩǣֲԸţ̨
ͷǡǡá
ʼȰֲ֪ô￪ʼȰ˵֪˵ʲô
ֻһ¹ڣµԸ빫ͬ
һû湫̨һأԸٴˡ
ҡͷҪҿǡ³Ǳߵ˾ͿҪˣ㲻ô죿
ʼеѵҪԼȥ
ôܣ
ߵǰ̨棬Ѿ
ô˸һȥЦ˵


650 ³³
³̨·ʮңԶ, ˵Ŭ£䣬³̨Ѿô, һ̵չ
Ҫ𣿡׵Ľ³, Ǹĸĵһӣ, ̫֮λø, һֱУΪ˴ߣ߰¾ͱ̫ӭ, ȥ壬̵̫尲̫֮λЦ, ǰ˵ĳʴªʵڲλ
ˡȻӲ, ÿֻɪÿ춼Ҫܶ飬д֣ܶдø첲̧ʱвĵطȥʸ𲻳ȥ, ÿضܸ
˵Ǹ, , ùɪ, ˡΨѧ, ʫ廭
ȴһѧ, ʲôš
ܾò̫ԣЩҪĵףܵ˶˵
ǸĺӣǻӦأıʯһܼһ˾Ͷҫ
ͲĻϲˣ
Ӷ˵һΰĹĸĸסĸסߵ˶ǳĹĸµĹ̫Ĺĸ
һΪĸдŻ˵ҪʮСȥĺӣ̱ϳеҴҳˡ
ûСԼʮ̨һ̴ӳСڹж飬̫ӣȻͳ˸λةȡеѾһأȴһֱûܳ
һǵʱ£ֻһ㡣ĸͳͳǵˣԾĸǹ׾죬Ҳûӡ
ûж˵û
Ψһһǣһֱڹһֱû뿪̨
ӳͳ˴ӵ̴ӡǹعĵһ̴ӣոջ˵ʱסˣڴСڹﳤ󣬴û뿪Ǵ򶼷ǳ
Ŵӳɳ̴˵Ŵ·Ŵӵдֵڴ뿪̨ڲࡣ͸ӵĸУȴȥɡ
뿪̨ЩãȻ޴롣
ŤͷЦ˵ôҲӳǰЦ˵Ҳǵһγ
̲סĸǸʲôˣ
һǳȰˡ
ͣҲô˵ĸ˵ĸǳǳ۰һҲ۰ҵġܾùĸǸˡ
Ц˵Ӵϻۡ
ͣҹȻû˵𣿸ĸĸʱǷǳ֣أҲһǸˡ
˵ӲصģӲˡ
ͣηǲñ˵ġͱ繨̫ʱһֱܹ£Ҫɸ뵽Ҫ̫棬ǰһϿ϶˯š
ǣ̫һˣΪʲôȻԵȥ̫أ
ȥ˺üΣ̫ʼղ£ع󻹴
ϲ̫Ϊʲô̫Ҫߣˣ
һۣ̫û顣
Ҳ̲סͷϧ̫ˣʲôҲ
Ҳ˵˵ֻǼһ棬ùһһ飬أ
Ҳ֪
ǰǹ׾죬ȴȥˡ
·;Һ³Ѿ³̨·ͨˡÿһؾв֣ȫܷ㣬ҪǳʱǳҲףʹΪѡ
һֱڳϣͣʱ³߶ԶȻӶ³ˣ˵߶ˣǿܾͻᱻΪūԶز³ˣ߱³Ҳδػᱻͻ³˵ֱɱء
ѽŵòᣬҲµľǹ࣬ƫƫ໹̫Դǹ顣õĹΣĸᣬҰ⡣
Сʱ̫Ƥ£ӡйȻûдҲݺݷΣȻǵˣȻΥ˼
ƻʱͣ˳ӪѾΧˣʳƮӪضǡܵʳԣ˸ʢһҿˡ
ʢһɫе̣һǣŴ˴˰룬ʣµȣ˰춼ûҵһֱںˣԷˣŴҴ߽³ԷǸըƣѾûˣҪ¸ǲˡ
²룬ȸ߽һõϢѾһ
һ£Ӧ̫Ѿˣô죡
ӱ𼱣ǸŶߣֻǻһ
ǣǣ˲ͳһ亹Ϊʲôʱôϲ࣬˵Ҫ߻û˹࣬ǲ֪Ǻˣ
סѾĽͣӣأڣƽ﹫ǣġ
͵ǲûúóԣ˯Ҳ˯òһշʹų̡
ȳӳˣƵƵߴ٣׷Ϲࡣ
ûֹӾǰ죬ƣСӵȻ͸ܲˣڶڳǿ죬һ³ͲϳһԶ£ˮȲˡ
ֻͣϢ
ʱ˵ᳵӣǿö࣬ôˣôҲ׷Ϲࡣ
ŴͷٺҲû취ֻߡ
ʹ̫ǹⶪҵ̫Ĳϲ𣿡ѾŬ̵̫ˣҲ棬ѧѧҲ棬̫˵ǿľôҲɲ˲š
ȴ˵Ѿܴˣ˵ĸСʱһ
ȴ˵ĸҪĸȣ˵ȷʵȸһ㣬ҲܽΪһǻ۲ֵýеͱӵиǻۣǻ۲ǱȽϳģеġԼǲģǴ˲¡
һֱֲ
˵̫ûвϲӡֻǶ̫˵̵ӻи¡
૵ҵ̫̫˰ɣ
Ž͵СԴЦ˵ǾŬøһ㣬̫Ȱɡ
·;ġ
ճ³ʱǳ˳ÿ춼ֻԹĶʳûбĶʱ·ϼˣһɱȻˣ
һʮӦ֮·һŽˣֻϽ뿪ӣ׹ˣ
ڹߺԽԽڣԽԽӦøһȥ̨
ΪʲôҪ³أڷֻȥҲλˡ
Ҫ³ȣŰ¡
˺úˣ
ԺͰֵ֮أ⼸Ҳ£˼˲ţ类ȥͨ޵ġӡֶУ̽˵̨˾ȻһſҪͨ°˲Ըߡ
Ȼǹеˣ
鷳Щ㶼⡣һίΣѾܵһˡ
֮⻹ϯ壬ıǽʿȨ֮⣬Ͳ徻أϯ屾ģСһѣڹߵľϯˣϯǰûгʲôӣϯԼȻҳƴң̶֧֣̼ͳ³֮ס
ϯһߣˮȡ
Ƴɣܰ¼ҲܽˣڽܲλλɣǱҲعֱˡ
ǻнǸ̫ӿѵõļ׵ˡǰѾԽ˵ˣ³һҪڽУλһҪϽ֣һֱܰȻԭ
λϵ½ƾһݼ򵥵ѪԵ
ùʧԽ˵ȽᣬȴϵҲһֱֵôǫ־ٶΪΪġҲԼС˼ڹڹⲻ˴˵̫ӱȴвţ̫ǫ鰮ֲһֱ׾Բʾˡ˫֮£곤վγɵġҥԡģҲðѿأֻ֮ܲ
ҲͽǸɵӲΪܵܡĶһҳϡ
Ųߡ˵Źٻ
뽪֮ճභľƣǸ֤³ƽˡ
㣺ʱ졭
Ȼ档ʱƸλ̫ӷϲߡ
κԹѾúˣҲնǽͷϰˣԺκѡһߣѡȻԺκȥ
һߵ֣ͨ£֣̫ĸ֣ѰŮϣ֣̫ӣҲ֣Ű
ǿֻŻ֣̫ʲô֣Ůȫ˻㰲ţҪŮ̴Ӷ㣬ֻнǸЩһ·Ȼպ֣ǵĸл
ҵ£ȻòҪˡ
ףԽİžƽƽϡ
ڴʱλ
㣺һв˳أҾ̫ȥ
ҰΣʮҲ˿͸ˡ㲻Ժ󣬺˵ﻹ̶á
³ʱûûϵܱﺦۡҪֻѡȰ̫ɱˡ
̫ӵѡѾˣһԵ̫ȶһ󣬵ѡһСҲûʲô³ҪһӢĴ


651 㵹
ǡ
Ȼ, Ȼٵȷ̨ǱʲôּǱ߶Ѿǿճˣ˵䲻ģŽȥûʲôˡ
֮ǰʼùǣעӦǵĶмŸͻݡ˵ģҲ֧µĶӣøĶҪ
ʼӦˡ
, ЩͷǹͷͶʯм̨ˣ
ʼѾʮ̨ˡҪϼ̨𣿡
ͷЩȫߡùǼ졣
ʼñֱð亹µ˹ȥ̨Ǵ׿Ϊ, Ȼز϶ҲԼ˻, Ҫ, һֱӶ̨
ϣҪ֣ʱ˺ȫˣƽƽ, һһıˡ롱ȥ, ҲԸһ㡣
ѾˣԼǧС˳ϼ죬ʼΪȥ·ģϵȹߺ󲻳ʮ˵ӦǱˣմӹ̧ȥͶʯΧӦһȦ, ӦǸ˸ϡá
Ѳ߶ӷɢ, ϵһ֪ӦǱ˸ˡϢʼʱ, һ, ΪͻȻۻӦ, лĺͻ׷ҧţŻʵۺ칫ϽغӹȰۻӦǸʲô
ʼû뵽ǽ󽫾
֪˾͸֪ˡ
ֱ̽Ǳ뵽ӦǸϽ󽫾ˣ߷ˣ֮һϢ֪Ӧǵ˵˭
¹ؾ飬ʼҲӲʡŷ֣Ϲһһ޴Ӳ
ϸ룬Ҳǹ¡Ҫȥ̨ǸֻӦһǣڴʱҪȵʲôʱ
ӦϰĿȫ˺ӹϣ˱ЮʧƵĻʵϣڿ칫ϡ
Ψûп
õʱ
Ҳϵʱ
ʼվڹ̨ϣӦǵķʹҲ᧿ΣյĺţǽµĺȻ죬ǲ
Ӧǡ
˭˭Ӽ米ˣѪȾ·ͱ죬վݵУʹˡ
˭ϣӦӴ󺰡
ûܸ𰸡˼϶ˣȫϵľӢ
֮ǰͼıŴ̨֮ȡڵ׳
ǲϰռʣ׳
һжոտʼ
̨ϣʵ칫·˲⣬Ļ̻̣пΪ
ӹۼģظӲͣͼı
Ĺ³ѾһС̫ӣϿ³С̫ӻط̨С̫ӵǻΪۣպδز칫
Щһֱ벻ͨ벻͸һ飬Ҳͷ
һж˳
Ǵӹìǹͷֻû㹻Ĺǹ䣬ǻҪѾ˶𣬴Ӧٹĸ¾ͿԽ
ǻҪܶʳϧ³ΪֺвѾȫ͡ȻдӾĴʱŭб׶ֻ컺ͼ֮ӲԾͻؾǸ
֮д󣬼ֿʼָʵڲĿ
Ӿ;³õ̡
Ȼ󡭡
ʮ֮ǰ
ʱ֣žʯ˷ͶСķᡢֵһ٣˯бв֮ˡӵ岮ֵо˱ʯУʬУ˱ҳһ̲⡣
Ⱦʯ£Ӵæ֮伯ϳͷۿû뵽Ȼ˵ڶͶ䣡
һξЩСʯһȫǴʯ
ֻܴҴҿŲԶ֪ʱȻΧͶʯԹʮܣͶʯ򾫱
Щ˴
ǳҹΪʲôӦǵѲ߶ӻû֣ˣǰȥѲ߶ӵڻûл
ʹļףѲ߶ӵͷĳӣֻѾ
ʯٴ£ŸıͷȫˣʿɢܣΪ˸ϽӳȥȻεͬۿɱȥ
ڳǽϺɤӶ˶ûáߵĽĵ³ǽˡ
ױҴҰȻ˼ңλڳλõҴլСķᣬ˱Ҳࡣ
Ҿ֮ˣĿӦ޼ƿʩʿٰյҸ֮⣬ʲôҲˡ
ƻʱвŲ¾ʯ˳ȥѰͬ۵ʬ״˵ȫֲ̿ŵĶѰ˵ʬףҪôܳǡ
ӵѰնټŮٷֿһ˲ܷһ𡣲Ǵ򿪳ܳȥ
ʿУлŵİȫϵһŮֿŮӱ˨ӱΪ׳ҹӡԷ˽ӡ
ӳȥҲˣͲˡ
ǰʹ
ʿȫݶеһ
ڸ²⣬˵ģΪʲôҪϹȥ
Ҳ
ڻˣ̨Թ˲Ͼûе
ֻһ˵ҹ뻢졣ڷ̨ɱ칫δӹȾҪɱ´󹦵ĶӣΪ⸽ΨϿΪУԸɴڻغӹȵ·ȡ
пܵġ
Ӻ޲ʳ⣬Ƥ޵ջδδĵ
һӾͿɽն£ͼıˡһŵ
ǰΪͼɵľ͹˻ʵɵɱ˻Ҳ׾ٵľܹӦǣȡ׼
Ѿᵽ֮ľ޴֮࣬ĶҪ𲻼һʱȱ¼Ҫġ
Ѽй֮͵⣬ϣȥԸ⽫Ӧǹ֮
ʮϼСǡ
ȴȻΧǲ
ʱԽãԽ㡣
вʬɢ
һֱţϣʿʼΧΧӳͶ
Ѫ
û뵽һ죬ϱΧмȲȱҲȱݣȻԼҵıȷ
Ϊʲô
ʱ벻Ͳˡ
ˡ
û˴
ֱ˵׸
״ЦȻ¡
׸߽ãȻȻ𡭡
׸ҡͷûпӣԶҡ
˭ҵôأû´ԸһԸˡ
ʵҲû˱ңֻǱӶѡ
Ͳѡˡ
ͳһӵͷ˵õ죬кβɣӿеҪжȥƴܻǰ̣Ҫ̨֮䲩Ĳܵõĺôǰµĺôȴǽߡ
ľȻĿɨǰˣʲôʶҾľͼıҲϵǰ̣Ϊʲôǻᱳ
׸ǴȻӣԼڱ£ѵϣ˶Ըⱳѱ£Ѵ𣿡һָ⣬ĲʲôˣҴһ֧
һЦʣҪҾͷ
׸磺һӣԾɡԳһ±ز̼ϡ
Ű׸磺ºڣ
ó׸еı¾Ƿ̨ǸʽʮĻʵۣ
׸Ц
ӴЦԡݡ
ڴ˵ķ£·ϴɾͷ˻ûʲôѪɫ촽֮⣬öˡ
ڰ׸ǰʣҶҪˣɲϸ𣿡
׸Ĭ
ǰıʣǺεˣ
Ӣۣ
Ϊܣ
׳
Ӣ
ⶼûеõ𰸡
ֱľѪǺǷϡ
˶Ի̵˳ȥ
׸߹ȥڳ鴤ϣĶ˵Ǹˡ
ӵ鶯һ£ҪֺǺҪ˵
ȻͲˡ
׸ߣоȵѪĽ¡
Ķǡ׸ӵ۾ǵصľʯֱڣ֪ҴլǰȫģʯͶȻ£־壬̡
ë޷ȥϡ
㵹
ҲѾΪ㵹


652 Ұ
Ծˣ˶ʱһ׳ŵһߴٰ׸ȥĽ˵ҪΧ, ǰ׸˵а취˱, Ҳӡ
׸Դ, һ˵ˣҲǰҪ˵óļС, ȻѾԾ޶ͲҪǣ, úõٺ, ˣٳǼ
˹Ƴһ, ˵׹ӿ, ֻǰ׹Ȣİ檾Ͳˡ
׸üͷһ壬βЩ˵Ľźͱлͷ̾һǰɡ
˵, תҺԺ˵ľ, һȥ˵һ, Ҳһߺǲֺ, ļҲˡȻһҪǺÿ
˶Ӧ, ׸ߡ
, ˾̵, ˣҲӵ檣ӵѡ
Ƕǲ֪ӵѶ
ʱû˹˵ϰ׸ʡȻҶһֱܿҲܷӵġʡ
ϧӼǵ÷ȴ˷վһ岮ֵܡ
׸ġ檡档
һٵȥ棬Ȣˣӵ˶ЦһӦˣ˵һŮ̫ܵϣԳԺһŮ˾ˡͳԵһӣŰ׸ͺ׸ҲЦеӦˣ͸ˣ˵׸ѾԺͿˡ
ҲĶӲҲû
׸صУͼ׶
̾˿˵ֺαΪ
ѹŭҾȻûһѪĵģ˷ܻȥ첻
׸翴ñҡҡͷ˵ùԼԼߵ˶ûʶ£̫Щ
ŭֲǵһ¶˼֮ǰôǷԣȴһжƵһϣ
׸Цǰô㣿ȥһŮȥ̨һõС̫ӣЮء޹ذȴӵԼսԼѪȥƴһ𣿡
ӵĴΪ˶øһøһ׳־û뵽ԸúôռˣȴûԼְ
׸˵ҲһС¡ƳǼңʦͻȻ˵Ҫʵۣһȥɱ£ɱ̨ˣ˵мԸģ
һȣˡԼҲû취˵үүһڣ˾ͶԸ⡣пܵǼ˻ǧټƵȰүүɡ
˵ķӦҲˡ
ԸŮȥ̻ʵۣԸ⽫С̫ͻط̨ȴԸԼϳ򣬸˴
ĲһҲܲˡ˵ǵСҲãҲգǶֻԸԱΪǹ
ӲŻᱻѡ
û˵ˡ
׸̾Ҳûعˡ
֪ôˣ
ʱѽҰϵĲݻ̵ģҰʢţֻ߲ʱɱϷɵĺ֤Ѿˡ
еÿ춼²ٺӲͣͱһо̽ͷ˵ģǸģ
ЦŴӦ׷׷źȺܡ
һ·ϻǱȽɵġ
ߵȽ׷ڸɣԼ䣬⺢Ҳ֪˭ѧģ䣬ǰĴʴһ
ý䣬ͺҴռ䡰Ӣ䲻ò绨áԸ
Ĳһ֪֮£֪ô
ʲôģС̽ĵޣһòˣͻ̽ĵޣܽͲϺúñ飬úд֣úˡ
ֱѹֻҪվӣͰϥϴƨɣ޺ҲûзŹ֪һʼ;Ȼ̫ˣ뾡취ӵġ
ֻܲһ˿Ӹ
꣬ƨɿޣҲ۵ġСڹȥϵֺʵڡ
һþǳԡ
ҭ˵ְְֿ֡

ְִҳȥ棬ȥ

ȥȥȥӾȥȥҲ벻´ˡ
ƽʱʲôԸְһģ˵ˡ
׹䣺ȥŷݣȥץӣȥñ
˵ͷ³˴ˡ
Ǹǳĺӣ֪⵽ںǻۻǵĸĸˣڲǵʲôʱһֱǿɵˣΪܿǵÿһٶÿһ仰˼Ǹĸǲ㻨Ǯȥƭĸ˴֮Ļܿ׵绰ͬµĸ͵͵Ǯңȵȡ˵˵ʱȫߣСʱԵȫȤ
ֵԼкˣʼҲľᵽĸӣʦͨƾűܿʼѧϰ˵һС
ⲻǸԼĳɳ켣ѾᵽˣһԣײΰģĸҲӣӳǵ񣬻ҫĹߣҲǶδͶʣԵܵͶʲŻҪΪܻܵߵĻرŮΪûиļֵһʼͱˡ
¶ʱӴһжԸмӰ졣ڶܰѣҪ飬ֲ顣
ϣһ
ĸʵҲĸʱһûộҲûô
ֻ˳Ȼôˣ̵
ûôжҲû̫طһֱһֱ˴еһ͵̬Ѫĺӡ
ȴϣڰģ¼ÿһͨĺһŸĸڴŸΰģĸǴȰġҪĿҲô磬ܹһʱҲ١
ÿ첻ôæһҪһԷ֪ÿһ仯ÿ˭˵ʲôϷǿĻǲģϲʲôʲôȵȡ
ϣоĸĸһֱġ
˵ģ̲ÿһʱôƽľӦǣص̨Ϊ֪ܳʲôⶼǿԽģֲһļƻȥʵʩ
ɺӵĳɳû취ֲ
ÿʱޱȵĽ䡣
ҪԽֻƾܾ֪ôȻıﰮ⣬ҲֻܵȻټְ֡ñȡ衱֪ˣ˭ã˭
ֻẰְֹ֡˾䡣
̺ûסۡЦˡ
ɱڵĶȥһ۲
˶Ŀ˵ȥ湫ȡһˮ
˵յͷ߳Զ͹Ц
ڳˣץߵյҵ˵ͷϣ˰ӴһϽԶˣͷΧȥ˵ô˵˵
˳Էʱе˶Ц˽˵ϲ衣
ǰ⣬ԹԵϲ衣
̡


653 
ߵ, һȽ䡣
·һСһСɴӷ̨ӳİ, ǻ, ϶ЯŮǳҴҵܡ
Щ˿һˣʼĵıܿǡΪǰͷȫʿ
֪, ʿһ죬ðսʿ㿪, ֻʱ, ǾͻΧˡ
Ϊ׵, ΨһһûüֱġԳ̨°, ʱˣҲ, ˵Ҳû֪
Ըǳѱеķ, ܰ˳ܴ, ÿضӮ˵ü˵Ůѡ
Ѿ, ɼҵΪ׶ˣƽʱڹгɾ͸еľԼŮˡǽа˻ˡ
ݹŮ˵, ܾöй, һʤȥɡ
ԺҲΪʲô˵Ůܳɹ, ԼҹеŮ˸̵˽⡣
ʳɫҲ, ֮
Ȼ˺ܶ, ֪, ȷʵмͷ졣رů뿪֮־͵ʲõĵͷ졣
ǣҲȷʵڡ
Լƾͷ죬ûв֡
ڽûÿһ·ȥˣ־ҽˣȸһˮһ㶼㽫˶ߣǲǴ⣿
ЦеģҼʱ˶ˣ
ߣҪ˵ң󽫾ҪӦúúõģǰȥӦˡδı͵̨ȥˣ໹ûɲû˹ûó
Цǲǻ𣿡
֣˵𣿡
䣬㣬Щ˲Ϧദˣ˴֮òܸˡ
仰˵һҹһˣסʲô
Цеģǲǻ𣿡
ְͷһҡҲСǾóգҲס̿ͣһ£ǾǰѴ̿һٿҲˡһ˵ʲô𣿽ˣһˡ
ֳȥڳһСҼСˣų뿪ӣȥ᲻ǡ
֣Щʳһġʱǹڷ̨¡˳ˣЩʹ¡
Ƕ˽⽪һЦ
ǳ˳뿪飬ӭķ߹ȥһˣʮų˱С˳䵱⣬ѵš
˳СʱҲȶ㿪ˡ
һǸûסСܹڳǰ£Щʳӡ
˿ǺͷѾȥˣȵݸһˮ
æлӹˮԼһڣȻССڲӡ
ӺˮŻ˹۰ţŸ˺
˾ʹӳȡһݸˣԼιӣ̾
һ͸С˴ӳͷǱߵѾͣˣһʮ˶ڿ
С˵ҿǵĳʳģΪʲôӳأ
˲ֻǵᡣ
ǰͷϳ󣬿ǵĵͬˡҲװŵˣʱϣ̾޶ʲôʳȻҪʡţⲻ֪ʲôʱҵطͣĳˣһ˶ҪӣСһٲԲģ˿ɲܶ
С˲ҵ淴س﷭˸ۡ
˿һС˸ȥˡ
Ǹųǰߡ
ǻɣ
ò׼ǣռЩˣôܲ
Сɱ˶ᳵ
ᡣʹҡͷСҸղżֻɱˣ᲻˳ġ׷ܾŰ׼ˡ
СǲΪʲôӳԣԼĺӣΪʲôϰ
ЦˣСʲôãھǸȻϣܸɻġʱȻҪøɻ˶ԵˡǸЪϢʱ򣬾ֵ˺ŮƳˡ
СˣֻǿӣȥǸӻġ
һ˶˵ˡ
˺ܾã˲˵ŵ죬ǾͻǸ·ˡѾˣȻ˵ˮֳ˰ٹһ죬ʱû취ԼϳŮȴȥƳˣʱǸӵˡ
һֱߵƻʱҲûһ׷ЦȻ˻ġͣɡ
һ˸ɴͣá
˻˶ʳ˰ѳϵԵԳƻȥҹ٣̻ϢһƬͦ⾳ġ
˰ΧĲȫˣ˼ĲݴȥһЩ񣬻ìǹΧڻǰľ̡
С룬ǲǸӣ˵ԼȥǻˣӺӣȥѺӼ
˵ͷȥɣҪǽڳ϶ֻʣҲûʲôΣաֻ㲻ܰѺƭߣҲߡֻںӱԺ˼
С˵ͷתˣܿʧںҹˡ
һںҹҰˣ޶ûУݴĳӷ
С˵ӵĳᷢ󣬹ô֪˵Сʱϲץӣڼһӵĳӣװյãףó
ԺͶܺˣ˵ʱˣϧûоӳ
ʲôʱֻᵽϧ۰
СʱͳˣָҲ̵ͬҪöࡣһС˶ӹĽ˳ڹж飬̵Ǽգʹ˵ûаǵ˿ѧϰĶǸѧġ
ڼǾ͸ѧЩѧȻûʲôãҲܵǲ
СѾ벻ʲôˣĸ벻ˡ
ǵľһȺС˱ҳһסڴ󹬵ĴСģչСġö֮С˿С̲סȥչˡڹʱһֱС
ɹ˵һֱСǻģҪѣǹдŻȥС
Сʱᵽʧ䣬ⱲӶˡ
ҹˡ
С˿һȺˣǾͶڳΧڳϢ
ȷʵˣ֮ǰֻ
СڸȰȡȵЩˣʼųߡ
ǸҪƳźӣסĲӡɺӵѾûˣסһ»
ϡ
ͬе˶Įǲͬ顣
ǶˣУϸˣĸĸˣֻһ˴źӡ
ǺܼѲŰѳÿһܷɣҪͣøȥơڲƽҰﻺƶţͣǾҪøȥƳ
Сһֱǡ
ߵͣû߶ԶѾûһ˻վˡ
ʱϸ˴ʳȡÿ˷һѡ
ûˮǿʼΧժҰˣɵҲϴֱӳˡ
ӵĸԶЩһιӣźӵ°ȻźӿޣĿޡ
С˶ڲԶ·ôһ˲䣬ʲôҲһĿޡ
˱źӣҲ֪ûгԽȥĿĵΧһȦȻҵһƽ̹ĵ棬Сʯͷɾ̴һͣ棬Ҫѻɾ
ȻѺӺúõķ£ںϡ
ֱӱ˺һְ£̼ˡ
С֪ǲҿӵŰġԺ߹ȥѺӱϽţƤˮιˮȺӵ鿪ʼתˣʼԾʣżι
ſ۾񿴲ǰ˭ɳƵغ衭
С˵һۡ
Ѻ·ŻȥĻˮȫʳȻ²ǸŮ˻
һֱûֻٻȥѺӱιһˮȥЩˡ
ҹȥʱȴѾˣȴԭҪࡣ
ŮǱϵһߣΪ׵˸ˡ
С˸ϽѺӴߣŵԶĵطȻǱͿѾ˱ɱˣĸŮѹڵϡ
Ǹӵĸ׸һ˺
Ǹ˾ġ
С˿һ·ȡ±ϵĹ
һȥһ˱䴩ˡ
Ϊ˲˷ѹСûٷż
߹ȥŮ˶ڿޣǿɪɪıһ
СָűһǸˣ˭
ɪɪСŮɷ򡣡
С˲⣺ղΪʲô
棬Ů˶
˵˶ˣҪҵΪҪȥˣ
С˳ĬһҪȥ
ãȻԵһºҪȥӳӱڷ̨ӿһٱҪȥʵˣûϵûҪӣ˭ʵֻۣҪȹӣͲӡ
СʣԼȥ𣿡
˵ĸСЩ
СԥƬָ̣Źķ˵һĶߣǿƽص̨
˵Ҫлתˡ
ȥСӾظϣصҲżʬףڲϵѪŷĵٲҪȥˡ
С˵⸽һҰˡ
˵ˣֻǼֻ۸۸Ů˺СӵļһѡҹȥɱˡǸӷŵȥɡ
С˰СӱϳιһЩˮʵĺˣιһС
ѾϳˣС𣿡
СҡҡͷûСԺġڼ㡣


654 Ů
ߵʱɸɾǮ˼ҵĹӸ, ȱķǻʱͱˡ
ȫһѪ·ЬȫѪ, Ҳܵ, еĺۼ, ҲմѪ, ӬΧˡ
Ǵӳһ, , һ³ͶŽˡ
Ǵò񻰵Դϸò񻰵Ĳӣû˵ˣȥϴԷٺҩѶĳһȻܸɵʲô
СӲװ, һɣľͽһֹڷѧϰŻййǮסڷ, ÿ춼зԡ
ҹ롣
ԺǼҲߣȥϴҩԷ˯
ʲô˵, ҴŲµóԲؼ, Ϣٹ˵
Ƕ, ô˵ȥ˯, ûзҪ±ĸ㱨
ʹʹ, ֪ҪҪһ¡
ҲȷʵҪٶ˵ʲôˡֻЩ˻ӾܲµѾСɵˡ
ǴڵĶ, кǿԡ֮Ҷôʱһ˶һеĶǼ
ڳʱ˶Ը⵱һʶˣҶҵɱ˷Żʿµľˡ
Χȫɱ˷ŻĻˣһ˾ͱرɵ
մӰݵĳ߳ʱǲֹҪҰ⸴ӵĻҪʧȥ
˵䲻ģڳɱ˻ҪٸòʣھӶӲҰɱʬá
һ˴ͷ˻ûܵӦеĳͷ֮󣬺ܿͻиѧ
Բƣƶı׼̫ģΪһҪ˶ԣǡġ
кôͻЧ¡
һڳбױúúõİյҰͳոĸ֮и˱ǣתͶȺ졣
С˵ڶСȥʰʱ˵ѾֳС£
ɱˣҲɱȫ
⣬ɱ˵Ȼɣץ̫鷳ˣɱ˻Щˡ
Ϊʲôֱʡ
˵Ƿֲ̫ġɱˣҲǵһӡЩǰŻŰǡԲɱһɱնˡȫץϵ˵ͶһְֻɣҲסˡ
󣬽ҲϹˣ糾ͣ˲࣬ʤ̵ĽǴ˰̡˵Ҳһͱץסˡ
Цˣǹ㣿
ͷ˵һһˡ
һʾ⣬˾ʹӳһҲǱļһ
Ǹ߹Ŭߵö㡣һ֪ˣѾ첻Լˣȫˡ
ҲǸˡ
ỽ
漴Դ˾׶
׸类ɷɭɭţĺëˣʲôкĻȫ̻ȥˣȿڵȱ˽ҵ޶ž۰ɣ
ӵģӡȹöˣԽ㲻Ҫٵˡ
ð׸ȥռ棬ôܰʱ˷ڱϣ
˵ʱǵĳϡ
˵ˮ̽ϴɡ
ӣܵȡˮǳԺõĶǺˮ
ִˮעľͰУѽȥúõݣϴɾ˲Űͻسϡ
ϴúͨͨģðĽ䰮֣ڳֳֺȣû
˵죬˳ˣҲˣѾ֮ǰ¶˵ˡ
ӦǴ˸ϡã㽻ˣӦΧҳͶˡͶǰ׸磬׸ҵˣǷ̨ңͰѰ׸ץˣ׼á
׸ô鶼ûãû飬˼°ٴΣһȾƶʮˣɽ԰׸ûһ㽻飬ȫ¹졣
׸ֻüƣ˵ԼӦҪȥ޿һ˰ҵ˶ץˡ
ȻŰ׸ߣ檡͵˹ҹѺʡ
ͼʼӦǸʲôΣҪʲôơ
ǶѾˣҶΪˣʼֻ̯ܽӣҲΪʲôҪˡԭΪʰӦǵĲо֡
׸ʼҲϽȡʼȻĴӦһúչġ檡Ҳҵһ˶ȥһ𵱹ġʡǲ˵飬ýһ㣬档
ŷʼҲǸˡ
Ǵʱ˿̣Ѿǿ۾ˡ
׸ֻܰĵʡ
׼ٳʱΪһ㵽ˡ
ǳȿӦΣΪߵֱ̫ӱ˸ץˡ
Աţ汣Ľ
ĽҲ꽪³ģһ棬ʶʶ˵һ˵Ҷʶˣԭһ
ͲѴ֮Լġ״̬תϱ͡
Ͼ³ةࡣ
ɴˣ仹³ԾȻеǼҽȨܴ³˭ܲˣҲ̫ة൱һ£Ҳúõд˹㣬ھһƽʱȻߣҲûе˿ˡ
ڽ䲻֪ʱľоͶһةࡱˡ
ӹǳ׼Ӿ̨壬ةأҪҪȥһǰةһ䣺
ᵽһ㽪˼Ȼûֱ˵Ǻܲ뱻˹ŵġرǵȥɵʲôʱ򣬸ǲϲָֻš
ԸΪӲָֻšҲ
ֻһ㣬ߣʼ㡢С鶼û취̫ãܳģһһ
ǵǰиˣ˵һɽͷֻͨһͷϻϻɽɽϲǣҲܣϻʲô޶С
Ϊϻ̫ˣĵϣбҲĶ
һͷϻ
ȻôܰѹȥֱӴˣΪ˱ù㷢ûһߣǽһߡߣʮ죬ڶߣٹʮ죬ߡ
ȹ㷢ӪеԽԽٵʱѾˡ
ܾȽ侹Ȼᵽû˵ڵ¡ûм򵥴ֱĲ˸ȦӰ¡
һְֱ취ߵߡ
ֻʣļˣɷͺӡ
ϲССļң򵥣
űŽ䲻ҪͱֻЦĽ䣬˾İˣ򵥵İˡ
ˣȥɡ̫Զ׹ǣչѧصһ¡
˵ҿ̫ԣ£ҪҰæ𣿡
ЦȥȥеòȥһҲСȻʱڳƻˡ
ƻˣҲ˵ҪȥˣȥΧųػصһ죬ǸʵġТŮ
ѰӺǼǡ
Ȼûʼȴ˰κ̫ӡ
ӴӸղžڣҲ˹Ӧǵ¡ֻʣˣ̲סʣĸΪʲôһҪڴӦǾҪȥ̨ˣαðնأһô죿
ЦʲôһûһǰӦҶ·Ҷˣһأ
ӽΪ󽫾ڣϴ̿أ
ڷ̨һճǣĴ̿ͣ̿ɱŮʲôֻһĹѰ
ӷֱĸôǡ
Ҫһʲô
ӻͿ˵ĸĸ˭Сĸ
ԴҲﰡȽ˷̨Ͷˡ
ϡͿĳȥˣһֱ룬ʲôŮʲôôأ
˭ôأ


655 
ë˵ӿ˷̨һ, æȥʡ˿˶ˣȥʣ
ëѴŭ, ˤıʣѻΰ
ѷ̨Ŀǰ˶Ĵ﷭һ飬ƼͷˡΪƼһ칫һ˻š
ǻƹ, ꡣ
ƹĵүү칫ĵүүܸɣóúãʫҲࡣԻƹһμۺ, ۾ޡò, ּ
칫ͷؼۿʲôٶûţүүһţ˹ʵ۵Ļ԰ͳȥ, ۿ칫û壬һȺżгġſ
칫һֱɣÿ궼ҵιǰ򼸸ת
ƹʱѾǰˡܼ, ۸˻򷢻ŭŭµּ⣬ٳּּˡ
ǵۺ㡰а, 칫, ƹѾǸڹдˡ칫˵, Ĩ͵, ճ, ģʹ󾢾סҪ°ɣͦģָԼȥܣҪȥɣ־òطǸ¡
ǻƹһֱˡ
ϻػƹΪʵҪѡΪ󡣺ֳ˶ٴ£ƹ֨һ
ëʱ˻ôһ
̨˿ճǣһ˻ѹʱòϻƼҵţƹһ
ƹһеߵĶӽˡ
ǻΰ
Ӷϳëû취Ȼΰ˾ȥһ£׳䵱
ˣſڵĳˡ
ëѵ˷ǽЪ죬ëݺ밲ֹ̨ʥּóӡָеһʱðѼҵһ¡
֮ǰû뵽ǡԸԼͷԾ뵽Ҳûڣûվ
ëҲǹһġ̫ڡ
ӭǣƾĶۣôԸһŮ¡ˣ칫ѡеˣҲûбʵˣŲòűˡ
е
óʥּҲò鶨ǱҪѿճǼƳȥպҪһûм޸ʵ۵ĹΪһѪɵĹΪ̫ӡֻȨ֮ƣʷϼһʱ϶ҲĨڵġ
ܡֻҪֺˡ֮ǰʲôֻ֮᲻иĳɾͣ¾˵ʷ顣
˭иõİ취
˭ȥӹȰѻʵ
һɵӼʵۣ
Լ̲סȻ¡
һȺϷһ
ֹֻǸӣøµĻǡ

Ǿֻܼˡ
ëѳû˶˻һٵȫˡȻҶûɾǸܷŹκһˡȻ࣬ңôԣ
ǣŷԭֻѻʹĿⷿˣǿҲˡ
̨ûһѽһŹëûС
ȻսҲûˣսС
ȻҲȫˡ
ëѵ֪󣬻ëˣȻеҳаܵòˡ
Ƿ̨ĳֻü뿪ţߣҲëѵˡ
ȴ˵ǿ϶򲻵ģǵʳˣǵʳˡ
ëѣ㵱ɵ
˵Ҳûеġôô˵أǵǼͳͳûУûС
ëѣ
ëѼ˲ϣɴͻһˣɲˣƣҲֻҡͷ˵С
мᶨܾģҲпŰģ˵Сһ̲Ųòʵһɡ̵˶Ҫش˵伮еÿһһΥųȥⱲҲˣٿϸ⣬򲻵ҲǱ˺ˣҲ˹
ëѲţ˵ɡе˵ģǷǳŷɡݱءɡ·Ծˡ
ɡӳȫժǹԹĻһҪģ˵ĶǶ˵˭ǾͲ˭
˵ʳֻ򣬲˲ţԷ֮Щ˶ˡ
ę̈
˲Ҵֻҵͷҡͷ³һ䣺˵̨мˣʵУɱ塣
ëˣγĬ
ʵһԾŶĵĻҲɱȾŶˡ
ʵûнĵ͡
ë⸴ӡ
ͬʱҲɵڵķ̨øһò·硣
ԵӽΰŵЩûסˣǣԼˣðѻΰڲػƼҡ
ΰҲ˵һ£νǵ񣬾ݲӦöǷ̨ӵİա
֮ǰˣܻ
⻹⡰ϲ
ëûм¡
ֹʷϵģô꣬µߵҲûܵģΪճΪһ־ͻһǣٻصΪǲܵġ
Ƕ֪ӳȥܵذңȥõҲذ仧Ȣӣһطˡ
Ķū֪ˡ
԰ǧѵһġ
ΰûвгֻץס˼Щƺȷʵû˵ѣԼסӶ˵еĵҲ˵ó
ֻѺˡ
ɴһÿ춼塣ΰġӻһ˵ûͷìȥȾܵġ
ƺҲ֪ǻˣʼԽԽİڳſڵţͳȥסܽ
ëûû°ԼҵļҶȫ͹ҲãοڳôңҶÿҹҷɣҪСլԺôͳԼļҶأ
Ҳֻܸɿһձһնࡣ
еѾûмˣ߼ҲģǳǺûеطȥʱڳǸϡٵĵط
ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽࡣ
͵Զˣɱ˷ŻҲˡҺðԼͬҾܵ⣬һϵǶɶ飬Ѳ߽
ëҲ֪Ϊʲǫܷ̂ˡ
Ϊĵˡ
ʥּûͳȥ
ǲԵ
Ǵűġ
ıһ·ϿΪͿʼǾͰѸָŵ̨ܽˡ
̽ë֪֪бǸŰֹһģǺ˰
³ˣ
Ǳʲô˰
ֹǲѾЮˣǵʥּ
ëѣ翴һ˵ҵҲ޼ƿʩ
˶űҪˣ˵Ź˼ҽ
Ϊҿ
űˣ
Ҳֻˡ̾תֿʼİֹƢֻŲҪǳ֮
ëѣӦòᡣ


656 ݵ
ëȻ֪Ŀ쵽ˣԲװһɵ˭֪ǲ߰, 潪, ³ȴľͷˡ
̨ڽһ, ³Ƽ, ͻȻ֮俪ˡ
֮ǰ̨µķȫûһ˸Ұ̯šƼҾֹѳĿⷿ, ̼ҲŹġ
Լһҹ֮䣬е˶ҿˡ׵ĵȻǰգرǼûжٴģ˼ʳ, ۼûطô죿
ֻˡ
³Ϊšһ, ˶, ƼҾҲڷҪ³̸Ͼɱ, ߻
ȻǻǳѪġ
, ͳһˡʱ˵ģǴǷƵģ
, żиʲôҪ, ҲԸ
Ǹǿ˻, ϾȻһ涼, ҪҪǮҪ, ˻, Ҫ
Ͷ޲ڣ
, ˣҪˣ
Ϣ󶼵ȲժǹݵгѾ¿ˣͷ̾͵ȥռλӣггȥ绹ռסλأ
Ƕϰˣ̳ǵ̨ǣ³гôǶأ
ȣԳŵĴҪܼռ
ΣſڸĽֵȫὨɹãպǵǼǡʾôﶼҪӣ϶ռ
ȻҪһйλãΧҪһ󽫾˵һСӣһӸȻǹӣ˵ϲأһ򳡰ɡ
ͷļ˱˴һ£õλöճ󣬿ʼֵץռء
гĸС
סһ㶼ǿĵطǸֵģҲȻ
õĵطǽʿӴ壬ֵأҲ㳵ߵġ
һУ̱棡żе״;ܹȥˡ
пһͲˣݲܰѼҵͳȫʳ
ȴǺСģ϶ʳȴˣȫõĶʳըõƣõĶ
տ֣ôҿˣ
˷׷ЦҵȻкξ£
³̿еĹֻһˣǾժǹ
ǡ֮ǰСﶼ˳ּ˵ΪչزĻʵ۱£ǰѰֹٻˡ
ⰲֹʵժǹ
ǶժǹȤİҲ֪ˡǰǾ޹أȴ֣ժǹûǵѾúùˣ
ţڳ⻮ƬǷӣйȥɻҪǮǮҪǼǸ־УŮޡܸ˵ĻŮܸŮ˵Ļ
һǾȻ׷߳յļţӶһļ³ǼǸ֣⿸ľϡʯͷɸɰ硭
úأɵĶ
˵治Ƿ̨£õģȻҲʶֻϥǸߵĺɴ䣬˾ͿĴӣһϲ
ģǶժǹӡˡ
ǰĿе³ݡ
ȴòͬˡ
ûѾҿгʼΪ޽ĵܼ
ٷ̨ĿǰĻʵ볯ǱȲ˵ġ
ϲĴˣ֤һؿˡ
Ӹλʣѵ˵ĸ
ë֪ѾʼҵӭӽĵǷڻΰ״˵òıܹˣЩûܵȥܵ³滹ûİֹйȥˣ
㿴ôȥץ
֪ⰲֹǴС̫ģպǵڶճƢΰȻҵ
Ҳ°سŵ˶ˣֱɿյˡ
ëѣ
ëֻȰѻΰһٰͻػƼˡ
Իƹ˵϶ûΰܳˡȻΰλؼҺ󣬵ڶһ˵֪ؼҷʡΪ̫ˣԾܣٵٵҵˡ
ѹ۹˹ӡһˡ
ëҲûİ취ֻܷҲƹ׾ΰȥƹǧ
εˣ̬ŵñͣѻΰëִơ
ƹѲëѽ¶ʵ顱ƹⰲֹ༸־⡣
굱˵оˣô˷ųȥһȥء
ëѼҲûˣĻѾ˵ˣྫ֮ǰ̨˭ڣպڣ͸պռλӣġѡҲͷȹһˡ
ֻҪƹ£ĽǺһһȻЩĶ֮ˡ
˴ʱ˿̣ëѾȻҸоԽĵ˲١
Ȼǽģǿ϶ΣΡ
ž칫˵ġɣ
ëѾԼӦøҴͷǴӻƼҳͱŲˡ
ǣӷ̨ǽһȺ˲ʲôɣʲô˼Ųˡ
ɳаײйҲã³Ҳգȥɣ
̨ȴİˡ
³³ɣ³Ҳʼڰʱ򣬿Ϥò˵ġгΪˡ
³ڵԹӭˡ
ΪӭϽ·վŵȫӡ֪Ժȥһ˼ӭģ³ȥҲһ
ȥˡ
в֮ɫ
ЦĸԸġ˸ųء
⻰治Ϲĳھ͸ˣгвеģƺƵһȺԽԽࡣ
ôβͽ˷̨
ëڼϵĶ֪Ѿˡˣ³̻˲ٰȥӭ
еȥһδչ˻ʵۣΪ̨һİֹҲȥϡģ
ҲеѾŷŮȥŮġ
֮һʮʮ٣а˳ɵİնȥˡ
ëѵ˾סĵطеԶԶûֱڽĳݽˣһ·̫࣬ϳķзӯģëﶼˣŻഫţ棬֮;ӭһòⲻƵİֹ
ëѣʵĸһ㶼һ
ƾٳʥּȥ԰ѰֹС̫ӽȻҪȸֹ˵˷̨ʲôʲôʲôòʲôȵȡ
ȰֹˣҲܹԹúõڹﵱˡ
ȻС̫ӿ϶ҪǽߵģҪǵĽ̵պܵʵۡ߿ϾҪǻλΪˡ
ֻ֮ǰǻҪ۲һС̫ӵƷʣǷޱǷĸϵεȵȡ
һ붼ûʵֹ֣Ѿˡ
һ𣿣
Ǳë˵ˣϰֹС̫ĿǰҲõѡˣҲ̫ˡ
ҲҲõˡֹһŮˣԶ³С̫ӻ꣬ðֱ첻һĸӣ
ëһУһǶˡ
ǲ̫Ը
ǽĳݵ֮ǰ̽ȷŹŵĹͣ˺ö೵ֱǹͣģ
̽ŻȥһѾʼʿ׼׽á
һȺΧĶԭ·Ƕе㵨ˣΨһǲľˡ
ʱҪǺˣǵʱֺαлأ
ڽնëҲʼȻ뿴һĵֶΣҲԸԭƺõٱø㡣
½ɱɨϰæĴڳԼɴ˵Ӵӳ׼ﵽ·Ѿ̺ˣһӣ̨ˣ
³ͼǰƽȫͣˣȻѸٵߡ
һҴ߹ɫ£ͷһЩֵĹڣֲᣬ˵ᡭ
ëѿǹڣϵĺëˣ
ɳ֮⣬˿ܸע⵽
һǰģ࣬޳ֱͷŨüĿ߲Ůӣǣϡ
ߵǰʩһ̧ͷЦλ˹длλ
ˣ
ëٳۣ̽ӻȻһ񣬵Ĵ壬Ǿȴˮ𰡣
Ŀһתһ¶Ц⣬ЦëѲǰٲߵߣԷϳɣҵ빬£Źٷɾϡ
ʹ˳ëҪӳʱֱһѣëѵĲӺ
лңպҿҪ׽ǧҪԶˡ
ëͷˣ˵½æңżҵԣһ£̧ͷȥϵŮԵͷϵĽļձߴת۾˫۾ţĿô޷ƿ
պͲͬˡСˡðë˺󲽣ڵҾȥֱԶûֱ


657 ж
ƻ赽ˡ
̨İﲻӿ³, ΪڵǳԵģ
ʳŨɱˣ, źüҲŵ
֮ǰҳŵģھӵĶ, ŵڴҲ׳ŵӳšǴżֵǮĶ³УһЩõĶʳ˹
ܶ˶ȥ˵ڶεΣ飬Ȼֽккȥ³С
ΪĶʳѵġ
³ʳŮʱ, Ҳһ졣ǽڣȻͻȻʳ
˶֪, Ůˡ
³Ǳչ˱µİֹȻһȰΰˣ
Ů
Ƕƽ밲»ص̨ǲٵ¡
ǵ֪оҲûоţΪ˿ˡ, ǻᱻڳ⡣
пʼʿѲߣʾǿҪ, һץ񣬵, Ǯ͡
׵Ҳûк£Ϊǰֹڴס
̨ǰëϳ˵, ǰĹǽǰ, ʮܸ߸߼ʿæµ, ޴ĹһµĹš
ߵʱǰѹŸ, ëѵ˳ǰҲ򿪹ŵڣֻܷǽ
Ȼܷǽȥ๥óˡ
ǳЩЦ
˶ˣɵӻʵ۵ūӳڰֹŹҲر֡
Ĳһôֹһˣ
Ƿǳ˵ˡˣϯض˵ϻ棬϶ʳ˲ôҼ֮⣬ĳƵǺͰס
һ仰ǣպҪ̸λɷһŮʵΪյˣֻΪɽǧʹưܣΪС٣ϣλһͬ壬СŮڴ˰лλˡ
һݣݣݺëǰ˷
ëѾͼ˵úܺʱʲãû˻һС̫ӡ
ĵڶ仰Щſңð֮ࡣ
ʳɽ̨һʱ֮ӴɰˣºڣڣҪôãʱּٸʿأ
µǰŻڵͷ΢Цˡ
ºڣ
ʱ⣬˭Ǹɵӻʵۣ밲ֹС̫Ϊ˰ѡʵۡ
ڣ
Ҳʱպ˵ţϵĸʿðȥɣĿǰǶû
Ҫδã
ִ򲻹ȻʱǸûҪٸþ߻಻ţϼǼꡣ
ʱּٸʿ
ڳ˷̨طǵ˰ɣٸƨһûУʥּȥȻ⣡
ֹʵǺڴܽˡһëѽˣ˵ǰ˵Ҵʸ˱죬ʿס
һͿʼơó취ʵۡ
ų̋ĲƸܵӹȥˣӹȻǲķʵأﾭӪѾãֻͰѺӹץˡ
Ӳͷ˭ܿе㻨Ҳв
ҺǺܺúŪģ˵ʲôϲ˵ƽʱϲӣЦжأ˵װȥʮˣȻǳ˵ſϣϿ¿ҿճϸֽʵеԵø˼ˣ˰첻ţȻҪˣ
˵ĸӶҪɳˣϿ¿û￴ˡ
ôҲ˰ֹϲã봫󣬶൱ƽʵ
̸ţţȵ¹գ̨ĴͻȻֹˡ
Ŀµǳʻ߰Ļʳǡ
νˡ
ڳϣĳװëѺղſеſëһӭĲˣ˽⣬൱һֶüֶ峤ڼء
ëѡʾ浽죬ƾС̫ˡ
ţȰɡ
С̫ǲˡ
ȡʿѾ̨µ˵ƻ𣬽ѾõĹ
һż⵶ʿ룬ڹԣԶɶӵʿСšѺѲ
ë˶ЩãȻˣҲЩˡ
̨ӴԺ󡭡Ҫˡ
˵ϸ߸ߵĹף߽ƹͨĴ򵥵ϯضİֹʱû˻Ϊֻġ衱
˿ʼˡ
ǵĹ˶Ѳ޻ҲöԸ
ǿʼڣģ
Ůͬǣռ˴塣
ץ˻ʵۺͳǽʱվڴ֮ϣ֮
ⰲֹģҪǲ岻ǾҪһȥһһ岻֮ˡ
˶ϴ̲ȥ
˶ʼ㲻ǰʱëû˿ɵǰ߾ԵúܲѰˡ
ͷҲ˸ȥ
롰ȥһⰲֹʲô
ֹֻǲĳΪе⣬С̫ӣִ˱Ѿûǿˡ
һȺתŸԵͷëǰ
ëѵȣһҾȹӭֹ
ʣµ˲βĵӭֹ
ëҾֱȻͻȻ£дΰݣ
˶ˣ
Ů˹
̫ˣ
ëѹֱҲûӵġ
һЦҲ⣬ëǰɫʵģòٵλһ
ëǰ£뽲
ڳжˣ
ëѣ֪֮еӳȥ˲١
̾һмϸڳУһ֪ëѵͷˡȻ̾ϧп飬û֣Ҳ޴Ѳ𡣡
ʱһĪǰֹЧ£ɱѲ飿
˵ڳëѶվţ
Ҳ
ڹ⵱Űյ滹й˼ɴҵӣ˿ǣѾˣɺҲϲȥ
ھͲˡ
ǶҪڱǶû¹ôǰһŮ֮
ȵΪҪɱ
ԱţСɽʹɱε֪жأ
Цռ
˵꣬ȳȥˣѾˣ˵ɡ
ɽԼѮǸꡣҾһ¸ǳȥǰ˳㡱һ½ںδӣ
ռɣ
Ц֮ǰסĵطͺܺá
µ˶⡣ֹҲǺܹֻҪҵԵλãϣԺúദġ
ë߽칫ԿܶץˣϣܾȻˡ
ڻʵۺͳͿˡòҲûϵûǡ
Цŵͷ˵Ȼ
ëԥҲûǸ̫ӵô뿪ʱĿͷͣפã̾˿ȥˡ
ڶ죬ɽ˵ŴŮΪŮ˺СӷŮԣͣɵһСδʮɵ
ϻаյѵĶʳȥһûе죬гſ¡
ѵĶʳѾȡ˰յΣ˵Ů˺Сѵûлɣ̾ȥˣ
ڷ̨ھסİв˼жūͣ˾̽ȥʼŮǲҲ
˾ʹֻҪŮԣʲôݵλãһһݣҪǼַͼˡ
һʼǶţľͷˣŮͺŮΪŮ澾̲סʣ֪³澼һֱ˼ҹģҲй͸ҵģǮ
Ϊ³ŮҲзﻧԹ͹ֵأ׸³ŮŮѾҵˣ඼ǹ͸ңԼ˾ͳԼɼҵ
Ůô
Ŷܼ򵥣Ǽһ¾ˡ
ڵǼǵ㲻㰡ڻȥ˵һҸˣͿŮˡǮӣھͿ򰡡
ɽ˵ŮЦⰲֹ֪жʳộ˵ѼҵŮ뿪
ɽȾɣ⵽ѯʣҲͷö˵˵ǰֹŵģ˵ߣǮءҲ֪һֱң˵أǸСӣʡӣԸٵū̺ˡǰ˵ҪһӣҪ˵һ¡˰ֹĻһһҪˣס
ɽŭҼҴһ򲻱Ȼ𱨣ҡҡͷҲô˵ڼһֱľûһ͵ʱҿûûҹĸɻҶöԲ㣬һʮգҹͣĵȺűµٻԸ𣿡ɽҡͷ
ǿ϶ԸⰡʵʹūһʹ
ӣӴʮ꣬ʮꡣڲˣ˵ھܾ˵£Ҫɵ۾ܽϢͷ͵ظǶ˵Ķ͡ɰֹر˶;ӵЩҡҡͷ૵ֹܼ
ֻһ仰͵õ˰溵ġ
ɽĬβ˵ôֹûôȨƾһ֮Ըū
ǲ죬ΪֹôһǿԵģԺҡҡͷЦ˵ҶˡŮ˵ļҪȥ𣿡
ɽü
ԽЦԽģǿˣȻǷūԣǷԷūܷ𣿰ֹ᲻ȥһЩ˾ڸ԰ɽȻҲ뵽ˣ
͸ʳҪ¾ǰѰһߣϣЦ˵ǻ޲ҧһڵģ


658 Сѽ^^
ūҲʳ
һʼ˶Цֹжɵ, ܸūʳأⲻŽм˵ĿԶˣ˵
Ϊǰֹĸ֮, ڸҺôءֻһҹͱó˵ˣ
ūʳȻΪӦùԼ, ǰʳߣū̼һҪһأֻЩūһڳԵĶò
ūҲмˣҲѣԼӻء˳ûϵ, һڶأԼʳ, ԼĸĸӶöãȴǰһȫˣ
Ǹǵģ
ū澶˺˼ҷ˳ͻ, Ϊһ, ݡ
ڲ֮ǰˣ϶Ѳߵʿ, ˵ΪѲϸ򶷵ǰţԭ󣬴ӵСֹаʳū澡
˾, ū澱˸Ծū, ۵ģô, ˴أ
СͿģĵ˵ֻҪǮܿˣҲһһٽϴǮſڽǮɣǮܰ˴ˡ
һҹ֮ץϰˣϷзӯ죬컹Ž첻˵ȫһͽ˷̨
ϣ˵һ·ˣϢʱ˵ϲҪλʲôҪֻԾǣġ
ǵԾĽǵ𣿣
һȺΧëѣ취
ֹ³ˣ⽫Ҳض³ˣ֮Ҳ³˲֮ǰһλ³أǴڣ
ëѸ˵³ûߡ
һȺת³
ûǽһȺãȻˣ
ǽˣ³ãͶ³
ЦеĽͣԭ³ˣֻǺ˽ֻ˵ϻؾѡ
ëѻ治֪ԭʹԭ³ˡ֪Ҳֻ̾Ȼǽġ
ëٴαƳĽˣô͵ץ˰
ūǿԱģôֻūһ֮ǾͰץأ
ỹҪ˽Ǯ
һһٽֱڹȻƣ˹ģһһʿһ߸ߣ۽СҲһ£ūʳĲǼеĹܼңܼҺͼҶͱץˣһһٽۣͯˣֲܲȥ꣬ˣ˾͸ܽˡ
ëѿͿİԭίҵһһ˵ˣҲͿȫˣŴҵֶһ󣬼¼浵ˡ
һȺˣ
ˣ
ɽʣھҵȥǸˣ
ԶԶԣ
ھȥ
ҡͷоݣ˵ϳǾˣǲͳҲȥ潫£ˡûе
ڼкã
ͣȻҪλϳʽжᡣ
֮ڿ϶ܷˡȽŲţ˵㡣
һȺ󣬾ڽ˯ĵ⾲󡰱ơ£
ëȰ涼ûãֲֻܼ£վš
˸ţȻڹĵǲ
һȺ˾ôţֱڴСӼ
һȺ˶ƨɵһϡҷ϶͵ϧﵽڵתʮ䣬ܿһ㡣
СӵּϸЦţţƺ˺Ȱţƺ˹
һȺ˶ܵǸָ˭
ȷʵС̫Ӳǻʵ۵ܡ
ϾʵǸɵӡ
ʵҲǺȷС̫ǻʵ۵֡
ǵĿԺܴ
ЩڸԵתûһ˸˵
˭˵ƴ£͵˵ûС̫ˣ
һܶʲôأҪĻС̫Ӱ
ǲǻʵ۵ҲҪʵɵӣֲԼվ˵
οʵһӶסڹûˣС̫Ҳ
ȻһҪҳҪܱ֤ȫ
ëѱȥˣ֪ҵ
ˣλԵȣҪԡ÷
ҲܱһλŮϴԷͼͰɣ
˻ǺܿģλҪҪȥƫȣ
Ϊ˿鰡
ȻܽúõºŲȰ
˶ʾǾ治ȥ
ǣŵůͽζڳ糿ζů̲סůڡ̵ĽձСƵС¯Ůõظֱۡ
ʱֳˣ̧ͷͦ׼һξܾ˵µλ࣬겻ԲλʳԾλ緹ɡ
Ǹÿһһһ緹ںðڵ
ëˣĶһڣЮС˳ԣԵˣ
ҲӲˣģܵġοˡ
꣬ҲûСӵƺǱ˴ųȥˡ
ʱ˳λȥ˾ΧëѼеĸȽһҪˣҪ߹ԼЩʿڷ̨ץˣһҪǼС̫ӣ
ëѣ
װ
˽ŹȣںĴ¼˰ֹ
ʮʣԼһ㲻д١ڹǰԸһ˾ǸղҪҵ
һ飬ڼ¹Ļ
˿ǵһλģƼҿ϶ڳܸܿƣǼҵľףڸսǣǶǵĵϸʱ֣ȫãϸٴá
ͷ¡
ë˶⻰˵ģɽһ֮ǰҲҪŹ˵ģ⻰Щˡǿɲ뱻ڼ顣
ⷿ飬ʲôʲô˺ڣҲȫץڹ͵
ͷʣҪ£һҪأ
룬һڴĿԺСˡӦѾˣӹҲһ̯ӣɰзŹȥһŹģ˴϶ҪȸҧʤҲܷӦǵԲˡ
ʱءгԽȱ𽨣һҲʱڳȷֱǱǾģվɻǻ
ͷʣ̨¹ʮСǣҪҪעһ£
ʱëѣЦʣʮųǣë˿нң
ëͻȻ˾һ飬ž׹Ҫжϰ
룬࣬Ϊʮųе˵ģֻһǼ̾ͻݼ
ЦЩôҳ𣿡
ëѣǶԴԹ̫ӣȻĵġ
ʾҲðС̫ӷųˡ
ϣһϲ»һλ̫ڹҼһƬž
ȫëǡ
ë˶ڿһһɶӡ
ëѶϵ亹ðˣӭŹϲڴĿ⣬Ͱ͵˵̫ӡǹ֮Ӱ
ȵߵˣҵĺӣ
סЦһһϣҲλָС
ëѵţȻѾҲͷˡ
˶û塣
˵ʲô
С
˵ǡ
ʱЦ԰ҵĺǸŮӰô̫أǸ˰ɣ
ëˣΪԼڴУʵСĺܣԴϷˣĳ
ŮҲܵô˵
ĿһһɨǰЩˣǴⱲûܹôľŰɡֻһĻ͹ֵˣ
ӿƵЦ⣬һЦһ˽λ˼һ
˴ȥʱһеĽŲ˼ܹˡ
ëѾˣǽĿģС̫ӡֻһնԸûС̫ӣ
նѾ̫ˡ̨ϵǲһȺѣȻѾǶˣ͸ùˡ
СʱѷֱŮĴŴˣΪܵʱȵ۽ˤӲϥֻаأҲСҲûʲôƷͷˣͺͺģӦΪܣֺ׳ûСŮɬһ˫۾ɵúֲĶǰ˿
һȺȫƿˡ
ۿСӣ׶ֹǸСȻСк
ԣܹڰǰϴ
ɽʱߵ˵ҲǱµġ
Ѿɫ࣬ҡҡ׹졣
ɽǼٵģڱСҲûʲô
졭
ɽźӣ뿪Ц˵Ȼֻ밲ֹһӣΪ̫ˡ
ߵ˿־ᶨ㿴ܹԹ𣿡
ɽ񡣡


659 ׽͸
ëûҳȥ, ʣµ˳˷̨ŷëûһʱҪȥ
ĸȰסˡ
ʲôʲôãһҲ⡣

úõС̫ӱС˵ֹƭˣΪ˼ʼնûи˵лʵ۵Ķӡ
ȫԣ
˭ɵ
Ҳ˹ɢġȥ˭أֻܹԵˡ
˵ڻ, С𣿻᲻ƭǵģ
ƭǸʲôֻҪС̫, ܱ̫̾, ȡӹǱȷеϢ, ߾ƾ̫Ӽλ, ̫󣡡һ˾ɥֹ˭ֺƣ
벻ͨ
˵ͨվڹſ, ָԶѲߵʿۼѾ̩Ȼİ, ѾܼճУҲã¿Ҳգ˰һж˰ֹʩĵĹ͡
뵱̫󣬻˼ʲôأ
һ쿪᲻ᡭֻΪ˴İΣ
Ϊ˴ã˵ʵʧڵ֮ʹҴææ, ű, ˵Ϊĺ̫Ӻֻ̹ǸСѡ
ȫȫĺ˽ģ
һȺվڹſ
죬˽͵, 𣿡
һȺͷ, ſȫǵ뱸ĻѾ䵽ֹˡЩ, 뵽ʵڲܰŮ˼򵥵Ŀһ١
ҲûΡ
û̫ӡôأ
ëѶڷֱ̨˵Щ˶ؼ˲˿׸ǰЩͬ
ëҲͬղŽ˵ҸʱΪʲôˣûϵľȻǰ׸磬º˴һڹȥһﶼùġ
׸磺ؽţˡЩ˵Ź˵ʲôУϡ
ëѵͷҲЩˣǻȥҲ޼ƿʩżУ¡
ҲһֵֿԵĵֿ
׸ЦǾͺˣ˳⣬ǲãҲǡëѣǲ֪ԸԸΪЧˡ
ëһЦ㾹˵ҵ𣿡
׸ҲһЦЦ꣬׸Զ
ëѷʰ׸磺أԸΪЧ𣿡
׸ͷû˵ʲô׻󻰣ֻǼ򵥵ĵ˵ͷ赭д
ëѵɫͱˣ÷ǳӡ׸ҲǴٽģϺ˽׸硣׸Ըе棬ǻЭˡΪʼΪʱ칫ѾǷ̨µĵһˣⶼûʲô£ӻҪעһ£СӾȫˣ׸Ӿͱˡ
Ҳ˵ĿУͬ˶԰׸˵ɱѡΪ׸Ʋ˳أôڻ˵
ëѸ̾ȻҲԸġ
˵˾Ҫ˾һǰһȥ򽪼밲һˡ
һ˵ȻǾ͵ţ֮ǰͶǴˡ
ëѾȵʣĪǹңĲ˵ϻЩΪġֻеСˡ
ЦǾλ飬Ͻ˰ɡ
Ѿˣ˰ɻûء
ëϷԣȱİ취ĺáڱ²ڳУǳؽ˰ʣҵǱ䲻ͱġ
֮ǰռŷ̨Բ˳Ȼûеøǽ˰
лȻ磬Ȼռ˷̨
Ƕڿ򡣶̨ȷʵûеģԷ̨ϵ˵һһҸҪ˰ȱǮĻİ취򽻺õĳȡ
ëѵ˵һԷ̨ĵĴǣӦ϶Է̨һģˡӦǮͱ
ҾǵʵġЩǲҪô֣
УӦѾˡЦ
ë˲ɫ䣬סˣʣӦҲ𣿣Ҿһ֮
׸ַëһѣˮë˰յˮ侲˵㣬Ͻ˵ҲĵĴǿܻԸ̨һѣǰǲҶںô˰ֹԽһƣҲҶʾˡ
õ˲˵𼱣ӦҴġ
ëѵҪѿˣеˮյղȣ˴롣Եİ׸ˮյŵϣ֤ʵܵʱӦۿϳͶԾ
ë˲Ŀ׸磬Ȼǰˡ
ĽͣӦλڷ̨ʺ֮أʵڲܷڲεСŲңֻܽӦǴжģӼȻѾԾ˶ƽµġ
ëɳƵʣˡںδڹǡĴæǡպὫǨ̨
ëû˵һֱͰ׸뿪ûٿڡ
߳ʱƻѾˡ̤Żɫף׸̲סʣ𣿡ëҡҡͷҲȥ³ĵ£ȻҰʷڶ࣬᲻һ³ǳưܵ¶ģֻҪԴһ¾֪ˡǰемǽĵֱʣڵǲػˡ
ҲΪʲô칫ῴдˡ
ҰĺֶαƥġҰģʮԴ٣ܷǴõľ棬󾹻Ǵӷ̨ĶӣֻռݺӹôһСطԲ˳ץŻʵ칫嶼ûãΪ´岻һ˿ɱ֮ףպ󲻹ܹ˭Ҫȡͷ
ĹˣΪӪڷ̨ϣѾûĵˡֻҪһİѴľˡ
ֻһͷѣʲôңëЦ˵ʴǻۣҵȵ¡
֮ë׸ͳ˵ơӵڶ˾æÿɿÿնҪӦˡ
һջȥ˹涼˼ɳ֮⣬̨µһúءΪʱڼﲻðͷڼαˣһðˡ
еݼֹģеݼС̫ӵġ
ȻС̫СëѺͰ׸绹ǲҶֱԴ£С̫ӵ˶ҽˡ
һһա
ֹģͬ˵ΪزҲزԹдѾܾöû˹ˣڰֹÿ춼æŴأʵûռˣλ¡
ȻֶԼˡ
󣬹׳־ֳѾϡˡǺòһ¡԰ֹҲ֡
϶ҪְԸֹ
ëѺͰ׸һĽпԣȻһİȥ
֮ͣһķ̨ת
ЩڼеԽԽޣëѼսƻֹ֤ëѵı
ɰ׸칫ĵӣӣҲվڰֹߣңƺǸֹһǵġ
ǰһ룬ֹյ̨ʱסңһֱҲ칫밲ֹ
ֹ֧߲칫
칫κͶ԰ֹĲν֯һԾ
Ϳһһɽ˵ʲô
ǾһҲûһ
칫һ˵
ɽҲ칫Ầ
ֹһһʵ̫벻ͨˡ
ɽ׽͸


660 
ȻëѺͰ׸ǰ浲ݣʵ̨µĹ񲢲̫ࡣ
ⶼҪ칫ʮһյġȨ
ڻʵ۱׵Եʡɵӡܼ, ζ֮ǰÿһһʮһɲ, 칫³ӾͱȽܣǱѧûлʵָʾ´¡
칫ɵúܺ, һͷ죬ǵ˽Ҳ
ȣ칫ԱѳӪӪľż̥ռλ, ɻӪӸλ칫ͬ󳼶Ӫģһǻꡣûˣκ±Ҳǰ͡ˡƽʱҪľƾԼҵӻ, ܲ
λϵ˶Դ, ǳ, ʢ, ʵ۵Ĺֻͷٶһ, Եòڼҳ԰׷ģҲΪ´³һ, ͬꡢͬǰţȥʱǰг˼֮ǰ׺, Щ, ڲͬЩ
ӪǸʵµġëѳǼӪ, 칫͵Ӫ, һķǳм칫, ȻⱲӶһ˿ʵȨ
Ӫ˴ߣڷ̨ڶļ壬ӲͷֻܿԼԸ湤һ˿
Ҳ
УЩǿòģΪǰֻеȨ
׸籾һӪģΪ칫ĵӣν˼ӪƴԼӪܡ
һ̨ϵҸĵʱȫǼӪѡ֣ӪĻھҵҵĸɻء
Ƿ̨ת糣ûһͿصԭ
ȻղȫܹˣȻͷĻʵ۵˶ˣʵԱڣְҲȫ󡢰ӵȥ磬ǱߵĻӦҲѸ١ûκľˡ
˵ӽ𣬷̨µĳǷҵ˽ӹˣ
Ǳ˵û⣡Ȼ̼Ӱ潪ٷƾֻҪɽǱ߽˱ϣʲôκְʲôΣ̾ͽˡ
˵ӽ𣬷̨ҽӹܣ֮ǰ˭һ̯ģ
Ǳ̾ʰɾŹ˹ӡȥˡ
˵ҪµǼǣϲϸύҸռؼΣūϸȵȣһ
˷űȥһν꣬鷳
űûأǱߴţӹٵжӭѾ׼ˣȫװڳˡ
˵شߣ飬ǵ˲飬Ǳۿɼ˿֮ûһ˿һΥɵļֱ˼顣
Ǻǿʳ׼ôãʵǵӹܵģһȶû˵ǣ͵ȵˣּǣ͸˿ˡ
˼ҲܳʵҲǿΪʵ˵˭ҶҪǣ˵ǰҲʵ۸ɻأʮسѳˣڴ󳼻ܱ֮ǰΪĴ󳼻Ҫýܵöࡣ
ǰǻʵ۵Լˣһգ߾ҳӡ
Ļδпܻ
һȫԾ͸߶ˡ
ڷ̨֮ĸҲͽˡÿ˽˰⣬¸Ҫͨʵ۽
칫Ҳƾ˰ƽ
칫ǵİ취ǻ򼸳ǻļͽ˵ضཻٽͿٻһؽٽ٣һؽһظɴ಻
һԽĳǳĽԽ˴ܾáһǿңҿ϶ᱻȡô///ȵȡȻңҵȻҪӻ
ĳһ걻칫㽫㵽յ˿ԱߵĳǳؾȻûʧȻҲỳɡǲһˣûΪҵңԹݺң
Ͼʵּ췴Ȼû˸Ҳʵۿ˳ۣҪཻҲֻʵۿһǲ˳ۣĳǲĲĳǲҲֻ
칫ͳΡһֱలµĴֱ֮űŽһ¸̨а塣
֮ǰѾ֣ٽ򲻽˰ǫ̛ò
ȻǴϡã´
Ȼڡˡ
붼֪ǼɷûˣҪ䱾ıˡ
ǽ˰ڻûʵûּǾһװɵȻ½ûּҽҾͲ˵ʵûκּý˰ô֪أ
˭ܻʵ۵ûз԰̨ϵȫˣ͸û˹ˣ
ëѾ̨¸ǶԷ̨ĳ֮⡣˵ǻµģ˵쳤վ֮󣬸ǶԴʵͳεĲ֮꣬һĴʵǸߣǴһˡ
ʲôزҪʵ۵жˡ
´ƣǴ˳
ֲǡ
ëѲϣھͰƽƣѾ᧿ΣҲҪôͰơ
ΪȷǲǱʤģս˺ְˣǴˡ
ɽ˵Ļˡ֪Ҳ
Ҫƽơ
ԣȻһֱ潪ƾˣһųеһ潹ô֣ļ֣һãʮܡ
ȣ׸͹ˡ
ȥ飬׸ֽĥī˵
˼ǵ֣ǵøý˰Ľ˰
окӹȣﲻķ𣿾
⻹ɽ֪һֱĴǣһĵط
ˮܾˡ
ջȨѾȥˣءּˣ
ɽϹ
׸дּýһ飬дʥּ׼ӡȥ
ʣӡ
϶ǰѵûʣһлһضԲԣ
ҡͷӡȷȥڸת
׸ᣬܿëѣʱĵ˭üë֪ˣݾߵľٶûˡ
ܿëѺδɵġʥּȥ
ǣڶ֮ǰӹɽõϢ
ѾںӹȵǻˣûȻʱסңѾةࣺ칫
ȻǳѾĺԺˣʱִҲʱ˺ۣ˵޶˸黹ΪնȥЪ
û׷ǰӣڼʱֻгûзˣûг檣ûӡȳӺ󣬾Ψһĵ̫ӡ
֪ˡʥּϢ֣⽫칫ͶСһ˵Цһǡ
칫ϵķЦҪΪСżϻ𣬽һµĹ֪ʲôأ
СҲ޳ɽ϶ʲôģдȥһ£
ǵýģЩڵʱ·ʱӦðϣҲԷˡʱ̫ˣֻûˡ
˺ӹȲ֪ʲôӣ˵Ŀ궼֡յܶ󣬶ʳһ·ϱȥ٣ķ֮һбģߵġ
˵䲻ģñ˸أô
οʵҲǱ˽ӹȰ
칫дһݸ̨İֹϷɽ
֮䵱ȻϷ֮⡣
УһдĽŮ˵飬ҲûʲôҪɻģϾ³͸ˣ֮ܵһˡ
ԣ˵̫ˣᵽһ䡰ʵ۸ܵһҪϹ˰Ҳ㽻ңҽ㡣ķ̨Ѿǻʵ۵סˡ
칫дȥ
ĺû⣬˿ӱ޸ǰ͵˷̨
׸һϤıʼϳ칫ˡ
칫ݵ֣١
˾ͲˣùԼݸߵĹ㡣
ϸ£ʼ˰͹ġ
üʵҪɾһ¡Щ֮ȫҪĵֻõĲ֡
׸ᣬ˵дʦּд


661 Ů
ɽԭ, Ϊ޼Լҵطͷڳһ, ⸽ĵ͸, ɽ
޼Ҳһӱøɵй
޼ȵʱǳԥҪҪɽ׸ʵ, Ͼɽһ̫ˡ
ﲻֹ, Ǵ޼, ޼Ⱦ﷢ݱһġ޼˵Ҳиˣ˵ɽϲ֪һ¾Ŵ޼ȵʬǡ
, ٰܽܲȶطһ飿
ɽʷʱ, Ȼе鷳, Ҳǲ߲԰
湫ڻúܣʲô¶һ֣ʲô¶Ҫ졣
׸ֻ˱ܡͷס
ǰ͵ʱ򣬳һ֮Զ֮, ˶Ⱥᡣ
͵øһ㣬Ѱһݵأһ, 񶼲ˡ
, һӣȫ, ᱻҰų԰
ٽ, һһˡ
Ŀǰһһӵ񷨡
Ҳ˵, ӡеһһĹĹǰбأǹܵģͨգͨҶﲻ׼
Ծ޼ҵʱǨضҲԭĶˣֻһŵӡ󣬴ĸλԱ߳ʲôʲô͵òʱȥ
Ǩطǳ߿ɲԡ
޼ҼҲ˷ԣΪȸıӣôϽأʵҲ
峤ԥԥǻʵر󷽵ıʾøˣԼŰɡֻǴӽ֮һĹƷؽˣֻӾС
ʵȡ߿ԳΪĵĳ׸ʵ۵ĶԶǼˣǮ
İࡣʳﶼڡ
ǮͺֱˣǮͭڣһʱ䲼Ҳ档
ʵɣɽµ˶Ǻܸ˵ģΪ⼫пܻذϵۣһ룬պҲᱻŮᱻ»ʵҪˣҪѳɽҲƾŻʵ۵ŵѡ
Ȼһ޼ҪϽͿ϶СˣһصĸѹһϡǴ޼ͳɽΨһ壬ɽ߳ɵ˶մޡ
ȻȫǴ޼ģܶ඼Ǹգգøַʽ취մޡ
޼һʼ˲ٵĿ
Ǽ¡Ļʵ۾Ͳ˵ˣ޼һʮŴι˵ʵ˵ҪǸй޼Ǯ˵ʵҪ䣬޼Ǯ˵ʵµˣ޼ҼǮ
ʣµĻʵ۹٣ʵ۵ŮޣȢףʵ۵ʦ٣ʵ۵İҪһµȵȣûҲɣҲûͲȥӡ
ʵˣʱǮҲȫǴ޼Ҹģûгһ֡
˵޼ûкúñʵۡ
֢Ҳܶࡣ
һʵۼλΪԼ̳һǡ޼ɽɽôࡱǱ䱾Ҫӡ˼Ҫ޼Լֱͣȡˡ
ӶಢŴ޼ҾķǳУӲܵԣܵ´ȥ
Դ޼˵˵ǿԻģʵ۵ľǰ׸ˡ
ǲܴӿڳʯͷ͸ʵۣҪԼʯͷ
һʵ۵ȡ̫޾ˣԱ޼Ƶ
˿ڶԱмʮ䣬ɽֺʮɽ˿ڲһҪ׳Ҫ۵ĵط˿û½
ʧˡ
ɽصʧˡϵʮһأڽгȥֱֻʣ´ϺǼСնѡ
ÿһ϶ܣɽԼ֣Ҳˡûкˣǰйٶ׳ҲȻ
ǮǾȫµ䱦Ǯǹ࣬Ʒûôడ
ڶɽʷ;ɽԴ޼˵£̫ˣ޼ұ˾ûһ˱
Դ޼˵ʱϽɽһλõѡ
ϧûô
ʵ۶۲޼ɽ
ȨҲ۲
޼ǿǴٵɽˡ
ϧֻҪɽУѵԶ١
һ
򵥴ֱİɽ
ҪʾԼĴڸСǰʶΪ³ʵѡıѡ
Ҫʶһȫµ󡣲ǡֹǡժǹУܸǰ𿪾С
ͳȥ߳ǽ˰ʥֻּ
ë˿֮ǰΪĻÿǶһʥּڼֻǣһǺӹȣķĲ١
ʥּ˵ʲôˡ
Ϊ˵֮⣬ʥּ·Ҫһؿġ仰˵ӹȵõϸǣٴӺӹȷȥҲûʥּ
ּǴӷ̨ģ˾մ˾մ׺ϵıעֹ֤дʥּʱǺϺ淶ּ
Ҳ֪ʵּǹ淶ëѵĽͣʵּʱҪ˶ţ֤֤ʵдʥּǺϺ˵
ͨһͣʵּʱǺˣͷԲѣҪúõĴ·鰸ǰּ
ĳһλʵۣϷʱѴٽϱŰôдּ⡣
λ겻Ĵ󳼾ܾˣҪʵ۱ӷſԡ£ĸʽ֮󣬴Ӻ󹬳ȥµĴȥʵּͻհּˡ
ʵ۲հ죬ǾˡԴ
Ƿǳһ£˴飬κȰȰѧﶼһʡʵ۵Ųǳ̴УǳһȰѧʱָľˡ
ơ
ð׸дƪϺ淶ʥּëѴ˾մ˸׸칫Ȼÿ˶ˣøҲ֮󣬾Ϳͳȥˡ
˵̨¸ö˲ˣְ׾ΪǺܳġ
ʱϲͲףֻҪܳϹϵ˶ƾ֤硣
׸磬Ϊ칫ĵӣ޹ְǸвܵˣ
칫ꡣ
ҲֹûҵĴȥĻԶѡ칫ӡƹϡ
׸ڷ̨಻ʤǴЩҳһЩµģʱռܲӣ÷̨µġ͢Ǻӵġ
׸ǵͷ졣
Ȼ׸ܲ뵱ͷ졣Խ˵һȺˣȥˣÿƨˣ̫ˡȥо͸Щ̥ľżһˡ
ʵѧˣ
ʵѧȥ׼롣
׸ãȻʲô룿̨һμ룬һΣʱټһȡأȻȷʵӦÿʼ׼ˡҲëѲǸ
ȻͶˣ
ǲΪ˰գȷʵüһ尲׸˷ܣͼЦˣһëر𹧾صͷĳ˵ˣ
ԱȷʵŮˡڲͬҪһ
Ů
׸ˡ
ȣ³ؼ룬һ𲻵ʮļ롣
Σڷ̨Ůֻ³̡ں̨ܶذУһ˰ļ롣
ܷ
׸ǵرˡԣҲû취޳ɡ
аˡ
Ϊ϶Ůļ롣
Լ
ӽ֮󣬴һŮҲסһŮ
룬֮ʷμأ
ֻ»ĿʵһŮµĻʳ


662 ں͵ǹ
׸ּ, ƾĶۣдıȰ׸̫ˣԼּûбŮʺϰڷ̨ϵİˡ
ҪŮϵְ˾˵
һжְ˾, ȫͽķΧж, һʵʵڵж, ж硣ʵ۴ԼҲ٣ʷҲúܷḻеıȽϸұ, еľͱȽϿ
Ůǹ, ͽǷһ, ŮӵķΧ൱ˡ
㵱ʱΪԲɫܵ趨, һʼŮΪ¡
籣ӰԲܵ, С޻δŮҪһ£
ȻమˣһҪкӣǶӶรҲˣ
ȻӶܱˣﳤׯڣȦ, Ѽţȵ, ҲԱǶ쳤
ﻹ
Ϊ˹ֽ, ־˵Ϊʶ³, ָ˸ӵĴȰ⻷
ΪӢ֮, Ƕ˵ܱӺӴɲţСӰһǻῪǵģ
Ȼһֱ, ȻвԴıˣ
Ȼ, һʼڹʩʳ, ³ʩʳ, ֮ǰɱ, ʹղòΪȱʳҰ̨ǵЩӵԶĳаԶԷļһܱ˲Ӻͼƽƽְ˾
ŵࡣ
㣬˲٣ҩҲܺãܱˡ
ּ˵ڰҪʲôǳԱӣƽⲻŮְ
ֹ̨ҪȥΪշʱʱȻվ־ֵôҹ
ԣ϶ǰֹˡ
ȻֹԸ⡰ȥ鷳ʵۺʹңȡһһɶգʲôɲͬ⣿
ͬĶϣ̨ȥˣ˵ļϸһҪСԼߵļϸ¶˼ߵ˵֮ɲ
׸ð亹
·ˣ³࣬빫о֮꣬ǧҲҪ׷³࣡
ô˵أȻʵ
˵ȻҲܲⰡּ⽻һԵİ׸磬칫
ڣʵܷĲ٣
ڵ֮ɫһ⣺ֻ´·֮Ķ࣬罫½׹ë˾գڣǡ
׸ԼͲë˰Ѻ
湫ּëӿ͡˷ֹչ˫չëѡ
ûдӦЦŶ԰׸˵Ҫ½ǡ»Űɡ
죬̫˵ȥˡˣڹҪ¶ȥˣһнƾڷ̨ľ飬Ͱȥˣ
Ҳڹ湫⡣
ò˶ą̃µ˶ˣͿչȭŰɣ
Ű
ûʲô˲ţ³ҲֻڹһЩСڹ˵ʱ򣬺βٹأ
ߺ󣬰׸ۿɼķˡ
ʧЦѰ׸磺ǽƻĺܣƽҪСģȻ֪ʱͻᱻˡ
׸Ͱأô˵Цá
ּȥֻë˾ͻæˡʱҲñǣֻҪסЩ˾ˡ
׸⻰оǳӡ
ȥ󣬼ëϢȥϴòͣ˰϶ʳëҲˡ
׸ëǫһ÷ͼë˰Ѷʳȥֻһ͸С
ûһ׵ͣëҲǷŵڡ
׸ݣëÿҪˣЩ˶͡С̫ӡġ

Ǳ뵲ݡ
ģ±ָűҲֻԸɣԵ·ˡ
ëѺ;ͲٳԱĶˣɳƵʣʲô
׸ԥɾڲ˵ëѻǻ֪ģŮ
ֻһ仰ضͣëѾͶˡ
վߣ׸һߵſڣɵ׷ȥëѾǰվסˡ
׸翴ëѵɫ֪ʲôëģʱڹǰġ
ʱûڣ͸ëվסһ
ëת£Ĭãֻ˵һ䣺߰ǵһ 
׸Ҳ޻˵
ڱĳǻСطĿһ㡣̨ϵĻʵԹֻүȡ
ģҶͷǴ治
Ҳлʵͻ룬ԼܵǮڻʱǰһԼ׷šȰ˵ֱۡʱһ¾ǻʵ𴲺ˣտҪ޿
û˵̫ƽʵεúãԿġԽԽá
ЦѾżݳˡ
˵ΪˡȰʵۣҶŬʵ۷ĴҲĺܴ
ռ˸ˡ
ȣǻʵۣ
Σ³ô˼Լġ
Իʵ۵ҪԼǴʵּƱ°ϧգΪ˸οգŮҲǰֹ
㿴дҲǻʵ۷ġ
ë֪Ǵģվ˰춼벻һȰͷ
иɻ
ʥּûⲢζŲ𷴶ԡëѶõʥּ·źͰ׸ʲôˡ
ëѷϣ׸ߵ£һʱҲûаοĻ˰죬ͻȻǰ뽪һʱ¡
ʱ¶֮ɫ׸Ц
̨ϵһϲ̡ѡʺιҲ֮ǰȻǻ̿ʼġȻ붷ҲȥץסĴʹ
ʱЦŷһ䣺ѵϣΪԾ𣿡
׸˵ǰֻ붨³޷Ĵٷһѳöеĵ
ֻʣЦˡ
ëҲоˡ
ĺ񿴲ǣԲŲͰ׸硣ΪϰݷģһᱻίΣƾһӰ
û뵽ֻǰơ
˵˾ţﾡˡ
Ȼ̨ϵֻ̨̣ϵȥ̣ԼļƻԼ£㲻̨µ˵ʲô
ΪǾǰͷ˵ˣҲû취ֻҪһһѵҲ˵
ëýûг뿪ĿľΪһˡ
̨µ˸鷳ˣӦˣͿԳǣȻһ¡
ͬģ˭谭ô
ڻš


663 ·̨
ʥּ·֮ǰ, ѾϢ͸³ˡӽ߳ȥů㣬ΪֲΪҵĽ׷³ʿӡѾ൱һ³ˡ
ʱϢġ͸¶³̺ڴ˵ص³, ԴҶ
һؾĿ³ȥŮϢҲ̾³д￪
̨֪Ѿнһ³ˡֹˣҲ³ӵܡ׷潪ֲǸٵģĶ಻ʤ
ֲһֱǱŹϵ, ̨ʱ̲סʣȡ֮⣿
ϵ, ҡҡͷ
ȷʵûڷ̨³ˡ
ֲµˡҲǸŽ΢ĩߵ, Ǻ˽ˡ
̳뿪ʱ, ߵһûдϣֳ뿪ʱ, ҲߵܵĶˡ
ļʶǲܶ칫˼ġ
һˡʱֳǺûгΪʱؽһ³°ȶơ
ڵķ̨, һ㶼ûб˼
˵칫ߺ, ͷʵðˡ
Ϊ칫һ, ԸԸ, ǡ
ڷ̨µʵ۶Ҫ, һֱѹġС̫ӡΪ̫ӡο칫һ΢أ
ڶûв뷨, ֻΪ칫̫ˡȻʵҪö࣬ԸûҪ
ǣԺ, ̨ԭķ̨𡭡
ֲû˵ʲôˡܸ
Ȼùʧ
߾ۼ³˴Űﵱһ³, Ƕϣ³һ, Ź
ɹͷ³ˡܰѷ̨ɵڶ³
Ҫȫµġ, Ĺҡ
³ǿʼ, ԽԽ䣬гȴûرգԽԽˡ
ǵгﶼܿԴԴϵĻͣʻֿԽԽ࣬³ǿʼеķݡǰǧҲ˿ϳõķڴ඼˿ݣҵķӲȴûôɻ䡣
ҪˣҪЩЩʳ
еĸǿݣԭסͲ֪ܵȥˣǻѾ䵽ҰҲͷˡ
ǾŰѷӸˣǮպÿԸЩʳ
³ǵĶܿ˳ҵע⡣
һʱġƽ֮󣬴˶̽ͷ
ʵǷǳõĻᣡ
ǳͷĻᣡ
ѹͷϵĴɽȫˣ
칫ȵʧһЩ˵ǺϢȻԶҪ칫ȵҵĵ߳Ǹ׷
ڲͬˣ
°׸Ѿվ˰ֹҲܴǵ顣
Ͼڰ׸ûңֻԼһܸɵеܵеĹ

ëѺͰ׸ʱͼࡰԼˡ
Щ˶Խʲôʲô뷨ʱȫǴȻָǵ̫ӣ£˴Ĺ˵ģ
Ϊβ̫ӳ
Ϊβ̫ӣ
ȵǺξģ
ëѺͰ׸綼ϰˡ
Щ˲ǼߣóΪĵšΪ
Ц
ëԴ˰׸ĻҲý˵òǺܿЦֹЩǵ˿ЦͰ׸ҲܿЦ
Щ˻ӣǰķ̨ûʲôͬһ۹ܿж࡭ܡ
˵ģѵһΪͰ׸Ծ
ĹʵڵĲ
Ȼ˵ûʵڸ¡ġ⣬ȻΪţȻҪͶá
ԡԼ˵Уòڵģóٵģóģóʫġ֮в˵ëѺͰ׸棬Խʾ
ëѣ
׸磺
ǲǻʵ۵ĻʺѡǸС̫Ҳôġ
ԣǹȻδģ̫ʾ
ȥ̫ʱһʾ
׸ȥ겻˵˵ǿŰ졭
ëѻû£Ű죿һ׼ȫС
׸ҡҡͷ˼Ӧ£ԺвŻĻӦûʱЩˡ
ԲգҲӣûҪһ⹫ʻʱ𲻳
ëǸ˵Լ汻ˡ
ĶԲŻĹ۵ƺڲͬ
ʫдúòãдúòãҲϣһѡȫƾ⣿Ҳ̫ˡ
׸˵ܲõϣǲá³ʱļţȻֻ˵ģ˵ǰһֵֻüõ˱ȥֵˡ
ëΪԼˣֵأũֵأ
׸ͷʱ³֣ף˵˷ǳóصĻľͽ˰ȥذ֣ˡ
ëѵɴ۾Ը⣿
׸ЦΪʲôԸ⣿³ɱ³ö࣬³˲ʶ³᲻֪
ëԲţҲô򵥡
׸磺ԵҶˡ֮еĽϡϣҰƺҲֱʡ
ëҲˣʱȻղˣȷҡҡռҶһ˸ǹĲˣĻȻ˸Υ
ʱ³Ǳ̿ʹɱģһ֮䣬еնøɸɾôĿŵֶΣ˶־塣
ȥֵأûһ˸˵衣
ڰ˷Ӧ̨ЩңҲĿʴȡ
ûҪǣȦ˿طŽ档
ķ˵Ѿʴȵˡ
ëټЩֺ߽Ͱ׸ʴʵˣȻҲһ༸ġ
ԼˣͻȻҲôѹˡЩ˵ʲôʵ£̬
Ӧ
Щ˽˵³ԽԽˣΪβ³˰
ëѣҾ͸ˡ
ڶ˵³ΪܲҹĹгҹͣĽЩĶǻ𣿻᲻ʲôıҪ밲ֹ³˻ޣ
ëѣҸ
죬³̫ˣҪǿ˰⣬Ȼؾ̵˼ҪôֹӦ⣡ڲ³ˣ³£
ëѣ
죮
ëѶ԰׸˵⼸̫ˣЩۣҪϢϢ
׸֪ʲôҡҡͷǲҵҲҪ˵ġһǱ湫
̨µȻԾΪҡ۲³׬ǮԴͷ³̵Ŀɽ
ǰԼͷݰ
׸ϵǣԺֻǵ˵ͷ˵ȥɡ
׸ΪֻԹȥţ̫ݡ
Ҳ
£ֻ˼¡
֪ʲôʱŻӹȣŻ칫Ȼ


664 »ʮ
ڿôѷ̨ġ
ڷ̨ѾûҪĵ, Щ̵ֻˣǾҲֻᷢ

ʲôõĵأ
ǡƽ硣
Щ˽ëѺͰ׸Ӧþ͹ˣһҪܱЩ˲߷ǡһ˲ţ
ǺϢ
Щ, ̨Ĳǻʵ۵ϻʵ۵İΣǰ, ʵ۵϶ʮˣ, ڵķ̨ϵ˾ûһϣѻʵۡȡġ
ʵۣʣµһǳӹ, һǰա
ͳһǿһ, ǶҪ档
ӹڻʵۣ˵ʵµƶȡʵԱ, ǽԼȨָ˹
շֳࣺƶ, ݾǻʵ۷Ȩ
ǿһͨ, ҸоԵ, Ϊ֮
Ͳ³һˡʱнڣý³׳־, Ƹ˺ܶ, Ŵɰ¢ϵ̨
ûһãҲá̫ӡʼʩ
е鷳ˡ
ΪҿܻΪ̫ӡ, ȴŹͷ
̫ӻûϥǸߡ
ֻʱѰ˲ˡ
Թ˵壬ðѧϰ³ְɡ˵ǳ͢ȡ, ֹҪҰ, Ҳʶ, ֻʶ³֣Ҫѧϰ³֡
㵱ӦѾ뵽Ϊʲô˵ˣ
Ǿ³ةҽ³ְɣ
֣ΰݡ
Էиˡ
ȥ̾Ͱֲָӵת
ҪȰȥ
һùཨѧɹʦн࣬˿ѧ֪ǹѡʿˡ
޵ҧô붼û취ѹȥ
ʡΪǰգ³ةࡣ
һվʹȨ
³ڷ̨һֱʹõĶࡣ³ָе棬üӵѧͨռҵĺҲǲ³ֵġ
ƶӵԸ³֣Ϊ³ֱȼָҲѧ־ͺһȻϣûжѧ֣Ļ봫еᡣ
³ֵĳ־Ϊ˼㡢ʹãԴûл˸Ըѧ
³־ڴˣҲµ˵ĹߣѵǴ֮á
Ϊʦǰ³°˰ϡ
ֺͳôҪҲܳɹĹؼڡ
Ѱ׸͹ȥֵİ׸粻һģǵȹǱгɹˣлģѧͿԽ׸ˡ
͹һ߹
칫ӵá
칫ͽн̾
ֵҵڲҪ˵˾ʮҲпܡΪڰȫܴĶһ֮ǰҪĶˣ˾Ȼˣرߵˣ罪䡢ģպҲҪսģսϿ϶ⲻɱ˷ŻǾһǣʱһܺõĶԱˣţ䡢Ƕ㻵ˡ
칫бѣʱܺãùڷ̨ס
ֻ칫Ǹʱһ֮ǰˣǰ׸һ˿ܾͲΪˡ
Ҳոµķ̨ͷҫһġ
Ѱӽд顣˶ӻС
ӴҴҸϹ󻹸С֮ǰĵ˸ּǿǸˡ
дһŸ
ӾͽС£Լֽĥīһѵ˵дЩˡ
ǲд˼黰ˡ
ͷ԰дҷǳ彡ҩҪúñ壬ͼ
һֱڶ飬ģĻ̾ʹ˼˼һҵӦˣӱд£вС
Ժд൱Уˣ˵ܺá˼ɷ𣿡
ҡͷǣ˼Ķӵġ
Ҳԡ⵱Ŀ氮ӣ˯˯һ뵽ᵽ
Ȼһ׼ķŮװרˡ̨ϵŮװҲ仯һ־ûģֱӳŻ¶£Ȼ·Ҳʧ񣬲һϵͺˡ
ﵱû黰Ҳˡ
ҩкܶʱ˵Ϊ󽡿ٵװƷҵİڵĶС
Ҳַֻʽϣ칫Ըˡ
˵ӹӦȱˡ
һʣǵŵ𣿡
ͻĸûȥ˰ɣ
˵ûСͻȥҪҪһˣ
Ц˵ˣ
Ӳ˼Цˣȷʵ˼ʼĵǹϴһֱܵ䡣˵ⲻǹĴҪǺ޹Ϊá
ѾᵽΪʲôԸϵԴӽµͬɡȻᷴԣΪ֮ݣַԽԽãòҪ֡
һȥһҲҴ
ڰԺ֪ģ˹
·Ըȥβȥأ
ҡͷԡ¶Ҫ塣
̾ѵǴʱ²ҪѧԵһȡ
ЦȻ塣
ʱ˽
ˡ
࣬˸ۣղ˵æһֻ˯һʱôпչ
Ц
ʱͿϣԱߵĹüĿɫơ
ȶԹֶԹµǲӻȥʲôãһȥһ˸á
ЦȻ³ˣ˵˵ðӻȥʲô
һۣǫãȻͬ
㣺ȻƹӦ
Ǩǡ
˵꣬ٴζһۡ
ͷЦ
ȷʵ㡣
ǵλúƫǰܺʣھͲˡӦλڽͨҪ¹ͨǳҪҲǳĹǡ
ʼڿʼƵӦȥ
㣺¹شֻδ
ҲȷʵĹʼسܸ֮һõ̯ӣ÷Χ֮úܺãᳬԤڡ֮ǰŸҰѴõӦǸ
Ը񲻺ʿءһδ֪ԽԽֱ࣬㲻ǰɥʧᡣ
ȥǨҲΪ⼸ӦѾϤӦˣѶһ㣬ǲܿԽġ
ӦԺǽķǣʺҪһ̨֮һֻˣͷһȻҪʧ
˶ŲʼֶβԸԼȥ·ЩҲҪӦıɹġ
ʼʱɫһֺѾֹڴ˵Ļġ
ǵʼ˵ɳǣһɳǱ̳Ǻʼǵı仯лѵҪļ޾ˣٸµˣ
룬ǲ뿴ʼʹ˻ɥ
ǾٸһλᡣǨǲһС£ҲôѡӦʼʰģǻֵõġ
ǶˣģϼҲûϵ
⼸»ʼʮҲֵ


665 ߴ
Ůڲ֪Ѿ²˰ǵģ
ӷ̨Ĺſһֱһ϶ž޶ƶʳ
ں, Ǳöڼ, ɪɪȫۼڵ·, Яףöʳ
վڸ¥, ·ǹ;ۼİա
ߣѾź˹, ·ĲٸֳֶƵʿ, һм, ǻһʱ䷢ִ̿ͽз, Ҳᱣ
šͷ, ص¡ȫš
䡢㡢ֲа׸ëѡ
Ҳˣ
ڵĴ绹Ǹƫкһ, رͷûǰŷñҲŮ
ģԱҲһֱ
ȵӹű֮󣬽ϸ̨, 볪
׸ëѵɫѿϸһ㡭ͷ۵ӡ
ǵһƽ, еС⡣
뽪, һֱڹ۲Щ, ղ˾ʲô˼
С˵ʵ۳ˡҲǻʵ۳ʱ, ǴʱһĹżʵ۳ˣһƬ͡
ֵĺ
Ҳֻһ䣬Ĵž˵ʵжΰǻ۾ף̫޶Ը£˵
ǵþ˵йŴΪʲôûгһϵһأΪйʵ۾񡣻ʵ۵죬գΪ˲֪ܵҲһʵۣԾһֱûˣҪʱͺүһġ
˵йǲԵģֻûʵˣԾûˡ
ڷ̨Ҳûлʵ۵ģȴӭʵۼٵ¡治ϸҲվ˭ϰȫˡ
Ҳ
һ£㡢ҲˣڵҲˢˢĹˡ
׸ëǿƨɵ·˶ӡ
Ȼˣֱ꣬˵ɡ
ϻһղžڰְֵıϸְ档
˶ˡ
׸罩ӲʱŸһλվߵߣµ˵Ҫȥ𣿡
ҡͷҲȥ
˿
ֻҪ֣͵ղǻʵ۵ˣֿˣ
ϣܿͱˡǽûиߵ˴ʲô·ĵزȵֵĿʼŮʱˡŮ衷ʱѾʼ۸ղǸվ£޳ɫ£ϵ˭
ߵ˶ˣֻվţѵǻʵۣ
ɻʵۼλʮ궼û֣֮ǰǻ˵ʵ۱˺
˭
Ů衷ҽġ
ŮɽҰ֮ǻ֮ˣ
Ů֮ˣŮһǻۣŮὫһ˽˷
谮飻
Ҹ
ǻۣ
Ƹ
ҸǻۻңƸ硣
صתɽӱɫ
ٻţ質
ָǰķ
㽫мп־壬бˡ
ǿĵطǲǹ֣
ԥȥ
׸꣬ƺ·֪ղվ˭ˡ
Ů
ǰֹ
Ϊʲôʵ۳ʱ֣
Ҳܺý͡
һֹԲã
Ͷڰͽᰲֹڳʳǰֹóģ
ûרŵ֣Ҳ֪ʲô
Ѿȫˡ
ЩҲ޹أǰĶʳð˱ǣŶӣȡʳ
һСӱŵȣ۲ؿŵŵͣڵ³ʳŵըƵζ
Ҫ³ʳûؼȥһԣ̺үүˣܳš
ʱǼҾΪû취үүܲµģ˵ӳȥ˶ˣھҲֻסڳ⡣
СӲֻ֪֮ǰһֱܶʳԽԽ٣ʲôԵĶûˡ̺үүĵԾֺ󣬵̺үүĴǰޡ
ͻȻ֮䣬гԵˣֿȥʳˣڽϵ򣬶ȥ³ʲô
СӾ;³һһʲôеĵطΪʲôʵ۵ʱҪ³ôõĵط³أ
˵Ϊ³˴󹦣öǰı²Ű³͸³³Ҳҳϻر¡
С˵ǲǾǰֹԭ³˵ЩԵȫǰֹġ
û˵˺ܾòŸСӣֹ³ˣҲǴĹ
СӾˣԭֹȵ³ִ³صˣʳ
ֹԡ
ϣԶߡ
ץŵ˵ϣߡڣǾһֱжʳԶԲԣ
Ĭˡ
С˵˵ϲ³ֵˣȥѧ³𣿡
ҡҡͷУ㲻ȥ³Ǵģֲȷġ
С˵ǣ³ةҲ³ְҪǴģһةôأ
Ĭ˺ܾò˵Ϊֹϲ
³֣дһƪ̨κƽȥ˵ļģֿ¡
д֮ͽֲˡ
ֲ³ʿ֮ʵòŬһ˵ǹдģ³ʿӶԸæټ±Ӳ̵ܶʱھʹ˷̨µĻᡣ
ڣ̨ٷϴ˵ʱʿҲΪġٰĻᡣ
Ļӻʵ۵ǻɱ˻ʵۻûɱֹҪҪʺС̫Ӻʱֵܳ칫ǵǴʿȵȣһֱ۲ݡ
꣬żͶݵ̨Ǿë׸Ļˡ
ëһֱ뽨齪ĺôЩѺһЩżԼһĳһЩպҪһ˵ĺûҪ
һֱӶ
ֱ˵ĻͻȻ˼³֮
һƪ³ױдļĻбж
е˻³֣е˲ᰡ³֣ȫģʶ˸ͨġ
˵ҪҪȰ³ָѧһ顣
ȴҴŰƪĸ֮³ӾȻĳĻ⡣
ʼȻǼռţ³ֵġ
³ֵĺôҲװ׵ġ
һָ࣬ϸ䣻
ڶд򵥣ѧҲס
ܿΪ³Ҳܺãܷ֮
Щģûʲô֪³࿪˸ѧУн̴࣬³֣֪Ķ֪ˣǰһ˵ټ³ֵĵͺܴ棬ָ˶䶼Ҫӵİֹйء
ԴҶ֪ˡ
ѧͻȻѧԭȻôѧ³֡
ǰѧҲ·³ΪʦҾͶˡ
Ȼѧ³ֵģͽᰲֹպȥ³ӣ³ٴϰԵĶ塣
ëѵĶӲòһ̨ܵ˵Ѿ˶ˣҪëѽ³ֵ¡
ëѵĶӳüֵûǰʾ£ûֹ¡
ëѣ
֪ΪʲôЩΪʲôˡ
Ϊڴ˿õϡһղ֪ʲôԽӡԽ̡ջ᱾ܵѡһ档
ǹڴġ
û˵Щ˳ӣãǷ˵ġ
ڶߴףЩ˿ʼĴˣߴˣ
Ǿ֪ԭߴˡ
ëѣֻһұ𣿡
ҡͷöأ칫ҲˣǼ˶˵ûڼңɻ˲ߡ
УǶ¼죬֪İվ͸ˡ
ë̾򷢶ӻؼȥǶ°ɡ


666 
쵽ˡ̨Ķ첻ôѩ, ǵˮɱ
ľȥѰ³Ҫ³ú, ҲúΪ³̴, Ǿܳ³ú
³úʡ£ڶȲ, ̿ļ۸࣬³ú̿ö࣬رǽＸǰר̿˼ҲǹŲ֪ǲˣǼ۸ߡ
̨Ҳúָ˸ȻʹƵʲߣһůůͺ͵Ŀˡ
ϲһֱӵ, Խ˵űϯֱȽŹؽڵʱھͷᷢ׷ۣû취͵ˡ
ѵ, վҲ˷
ϧֻܶÿ
, ĬĬľ˴ȵӺʹ͵ˣȽŲ̫, ϯ齶̫ˣʱ, Ҫ˷
õĴ͸, һ, 㾹ȻжȦˣû˵һ仰˸
˵̾յһˣ޺ˡ
ŮгϾͳࡶֵ䡷ǵʱ³³ʱһѮһµĶ˽һѮһ¼ɲᣬ̨֮ĵط
뿪ǰֵ䡷Ѿа˲ˣڵġֵ䡷ˣ˵ʮŲᣬ¸¾ͻʮᡣ
ǰ³ֵɲǴ֮õĶ˶
³˱ͣ˷
ܶԸ⿴һʮᶫдʲô
ڽνľʮᡶֵ䡷
**ĶһҲ̫һ
һ˵³ֵĳΪȱʩˣֿǻ۵̨̫ߣΪѧѧþʧȥˣŰ³һһд̸ˡ
Ȼÿһ³֣Ҫ˵ꡭ
֮ÿһֶǹġ˲ʮ죬³Ѿɹˡ
һëķɵºЩˣƺڷ˰ֹ³ֵԭ
Ϊ˴Լ
·찡
һ죬ͲˡҲˣԸֹ£һ£Ҳƪ³ֵ¡
ͻдһƪģֱ˼Ȫӿ
дȫǴģ̨ϵԽԽ̩֮Ȼ
һ찡
ëѶ֪˵ʲôˣֱʼӵ³дͶģָҪġǰͶûõӦҲΪԼҵɣΪֹֻ֣³֣ǰͶģϿ
Ǹ³дһῴ˰ɣ
ЩԸȱһӴ³֣ʹ³ֵˣܿԽڶëѺͰ׸תС
ЩΪʲôɣǶǽΪһȺ
Ȼȫ³ˣǾͱҪɷ̨ˡһʼԲ˲ţΨһҪҪ
ЩȻԸĻ
ž˵عǡһأټûж˽ģȫΪ˹Ĵҵ
ΪǨǶԹ˵жҪ
ýűֱӽӦǲǲУҲĹ˳ĳͱ̫
ʼȥյġҪðյص죬Ƚȥʱ򣬰նԸִԼò׻ȡƽǾͻ˳ˡ
֮ǰͽȥϸĽζԴЩ̨ˡ
ʱΪˣȻҲҪҪڷ̨һȱڣھǻᡣЩֻͶó˼֮һǴǵļҪģǵƷڴʱŵ㣬ı߸ôǾͿʲôأ
еһˣŻк˸·˿ʼˣԺߵ˾ͻԽࡣ
ȻһˣҪôǿߣᱻǣҪôܿ챻û
Ҫ·
˵Ҫȥǵ£ʼרעôЩϡ
˽Ͳżˣ̨϶Ҫ˳дд¶Ļû취߰ٶʵߵλӾô࣬ȴÿһø࣬ʵҲò輸ְҳҳġ
Сּˣед١֮ǰ˵һȤ¡
˸ӼŮˡ
Ҳ˵ˡ
ʼһֱϣ̨ʱҲ֣͹Ůⷽ֡
һֱûºӣԽ£ʼܸƵ£Ҫ³ȢӣҪ׿֮ġ
վʼͰӵϣס
˵ʵڵģû˼ӸȢʲôҡ˵Ҫ
ԣԽ¶԰˵ֻҪϲ޷̨µŮǸСңҽԴҲ̨Ů
ӵɫ˵Ҹɬ˵Ǹ鷳
ǰĻ׳ŵ˵롭Ȣ޵ĻȢŮӸá
̹ԹҪֱα˵ˣ
룬ͷ˵Ҳûȷʵ˵ǣ٣ȫҲ㡣
Ӻ˵ҺֻӶ˹Яף֮ûв¼ݺ
еĴָǽ
ιУļͥǳð֣Ĵĸ׺ƣ񣬽еļ̻ӶҽˣҲֻϲһˣֻһˡбؽ壬Ӷ
ЦˣԴȥˡ
봺ǻԵɺϡڱ𴦵òΡݣˣһжģȫλҫ
Խ˵̫ҪˣҲŴ
Էɺ֮£ศ
ӻĽǺΪ߾ûбӡ
ʼͲ˵ˣԼҲûͷﵽڹŮ˯˲٣ȴûȢޣϴ֮ǰǲˡ
˵˵Ԫ
ֻ̫дһҪȢޣֻȢΪȢϡ
Ц񰢵һȢһĹûԡκ͵͵ϵϵ
Ц֪϶ˡ
ǽûȥκѡǽ
ȻʧЦǸСڹʲôǽͷݣ㲻ôȢˡ
ѡҲ⣬ҲǵСˣԼ̫ᣬԡκԲѡ
Ҳ̫
˵ȢһȻʱʱλΪ³Ҫʾٰ֧Ů޸ľǵλ󣬽Ϊֵܣڹ
԰䵱һ׻⣬ҲΪԸ³һ
ôˡ
뷨ö֪һֱֵú֣ûдӦûзȥԡѡķʽһͨţҲˡ
ڿЦǿģҲǿģ֪Žܵܡġ
ߣҲǳֵܣ
̨ˣˣӹÿˣһû̹ס
ǸϽ̹ס
Ȼûѹ£ѾԤƵ¡ϾǽԪĶӣҲ֡
ʾûϵ޼䣬ôΪСأ
̱֤ģ
ԺҲˣ
ټοͼƴġοˣֱ
ʱξͽнЦ
˽ൽˡ
Цŵͷ롣
αǰӯˣ£ӵˡ
Ӧһ£һǽĳӡŻ³µĺӣϵнĺӡ
ʣǺӼˣ˭
һ£ԥ˵ӽ꣬áȲҲ󡣡
ںδ
㣺ڵ⡣
ɡ
һСӰһһųԥߵǰʱŴӼаǳס
üëģ۾ССģЩ촽֪ΪǱĹϵȱѪɫ
Ͱݵڽǰվͱڻ
һ
Ҳһ
е˵ǻƽϲСӡ
ͽӲڽıС
ʲô֣Ѿӻ˳ˣ񣬵񼸷֣Ѿǵˡ
ǱȽˡ
ûô˽ֻҪһ˿Ѫζš
͸Ҫ𣬹廰ȡСмͶ˵ţʹ˸ɫ
Ǿͽнհɡ˵
̿ˮ𣬶Ǵݣʢã
͡ӽǽˣãȻ޴Ŀٿ࣬˸ĸĻͷϲùø֡
½գ˴ȥȥɣϲ㸸۸㣬
ҲϲˣСӲ֪ǲǶʱڡǸʱ򣬽ܷˣȻˣҲˡ꣬ʼϰ߻ûĵ
ӾҪݵλ൱ѣȻԶѧغƽȡ
ߺ󣬹㲻Ϊʲô
Ҷ𣿡
룬˲ң˾͸ҡϾǴӣڽûǰǰ̫ӽ̵ģ϶ǲյģϣϡ
ʱֵλˣҪǵСĻôУ
οҲǸСˣ֣ں󹬣ҲСһֱѧĸʦ͵ĵӾǹġ
ȻϾ˵ںˤһӣ°ͿһƬ۵Ŀ޸ͣ
һ۵ĸϹȥһңҽ̻ˡ


667 
һ߷塣
Ȼ, ʱһֻڳԷʱż, ıܷȨΧˣǳճ
֮ǽ, Ϊǿ, Զ׼ΪȨš
ֵҲΪȨΪѸټס
Ǹо⸴ӡ䣬ԸԽԽˡ
㵹Ǹ˵òˣƹŮһԭλ˳¡
ûǹߵ⣬Ѿ뵽һˡ
еŵĶ˵ʷľ, ǵļ߶Ȳϸ, Ȯӣһˡͬ, ΰѾҪϣһɣ㲻˭ЩӵĲҪĿʼ˭ʺϵ̫, ˭㴴һС
˵һû
ӵڵǻҲûס㡣ʰ𣿵湻, ͻȥˡ

û˵
̨߽ʱͷ֡ʵڵ֮ϰѾˡʱһ, ܶЦС
ΪˣһϷԵѾƺˣеӶߵǵԤλ, һһλ, ͿԳһϷ, ʹʹĵʵۣ
һˬ
ָо̫ˣ
һ, ͵͵Цˡ
㿴ЦƾϣëһԴ
ղ̫˵ͷˣ
Ҫֲ
߽ʱڹߣձ
ں壬˵Ǻ壬˵ڷ̡
۵ĿޣָŽգָֻſޣָԹĻ˵
Ǹӣ״ļ
㿴͸ˣõĵ۴
ʲôԼˤġ
ſɤӺָգһ־塣
Ŷ˵ģû˿
ۣʹһ죬
ʵĻ
Ŀʱ˸䣬ίת
á
Ŀ˲ͣˣ۾ɵޱȴ󣬵ŽǱˡ
˰ɣ϶ֹһΡֻһεĻղ㡣㳣õİϷϷŪ㣬㣬ԽԽĶ𣿡
ˣԿóѾȫǿˡĻȻѶĸ¸һ£һ¡
ƾʲôΪᱨϷʱΪʲôܷһֱ˵ܴӦҲһĲ𣿡˵
ĿⲻԾƵߵϣ΢Ц˵ϷȷʵǵĴһʼϷʱʶ
ϷڿʼʱΪѵĶͷӦ
Ϊѧ䡣
ûѧΪۣҲΪûʶʲôֲָûаҪڻҪ̿ͣԵõΪʲôҪԼѧ
ʱеĸĸһԾúӱȫһ㣬ʲôѧһ㣬һܳɲأ󲻳ɲţ͵ˣҲûʲôð
Ϸʱû⡣
ֱ⡣̳ĮϷвֹ壬ʦͨ˽׼ѹơ
ԡ۸ˣԡ۸еˡƾԼںٻΪ˵⡣
˶ΪãСʱĽϣ׺СʱиĶԣ׽ͬ飬ΪȺһǰȫģҲѧȺ׽ȨѹԻȡλ
Ĵȥʶ硣УûƶǷǣֻӡʲôģʲôƣܵģܿƣһ˵Խ滷
Խ˵ǸϢ
ںƽʱڣıС;ηɣѭס仰˵ɱ˲Żеļֶζǵ֮ѧġ
ĵһʦǽԪ
ɱ֮󣬾ΪǴȻ˵̫ˡ
ĵһ˲ϣǽԪ˵ڻʲô
¶ġ˽ƣԼµġµĶ
̫ˡ
ӷu𣬾кܶ벻ͨΪʲôôںֹǰľ飬ΪԪ𺳵һΡ
ѪϡѧʶûбȻĹϵӵ˲øС
ϵĹ⻷Ƕôֻʣ֪ʶ뼼żܡնҲܺá
ȷʵĮûΪǶȡ֡ǵޡ
Ѿʼȡˣݺ͵λҲԶкһľη
򣬾ǽԪɱȴָĽײ㡣ŽȨȨҲ֮󡣲ָ
ֻ׷
ֻˣΪֻѧϷԺˣþ͸ˡ
һ̵ˣж̣
ͬǽû취ܵġ
ܽĺδһΪʷмص˸ȡ̥ʳĶˡ
δһ죬ɱԼĺӡ
ûмޣҲûдգ˵֪ǽհ
ǺգǸĺӡʶĳڣûγԼĹڵһжǿ޸ĵġͨ²ϵ޸ԼĹ˼룬Ҳѧϰıܡ
ϳԷʱѾȥҽˣʼȥӴˡ
ո˶ͬ˺档
˸˵ıסϻĽݺݵһͨ
е㲻⣬סʣ˵ˤһӡ
˵˵ԣˤúã
Ȼµ˵˺óһ󴮣һֱţˣ˵ǰĵط̲᲻һֱԲṇ̃ʼˣԺã˼벻ͨˣʲô˱㻹
ſ˵ҲŲסˡƽȴˣƽȵĿоηĴ壬Щⲻ˵ģֻƾָûá
̫ˡ˵ҪˣҪòҪԺӣ˺ã˲ŻãԼȫôʱֻô˵һһף˵ġ

ܱסֺӡ
ֻʵΪǻлرģĶлᷴԹ˺ͻԼˡ
ʵڲֻһ˵С£ƫƫ׶ܳһƪȥ˿°͵
Ȼٴθ״
ȻҲܾ𣬡͵߹㲻ҪˣΪʲôڵҲġ
ûп̫ãָ״ʧܺͲˡ
Ժ˵Ϸ±˶ıʣҲûҹˡ
ͽҲദúܺá
ʱ֪һ£ڵ˺󣬹ȴͣһͨ
СǣǼдӣ׷潪֮ǰûκγɾͣԡС֮ӣ޲ִܸ֮ȴвؼ飬ǸСˣһȫǺլı£㲻֮硣
ڽѾûˣһǨ̨һ֮ΪңȫҪ´ƴ
ӷչĽǶ˵ҿܸá
˭Ҳܷȷʵҡϻһպٳƽϣֻ˵ǼڽǣԳǽ֮
ʱۣȻû˵ʲôĻԸ񣬿϶Ǽǳˡ
ɹǹģȴ벻ôԭ򡣾ҪۣҲ̫˰ɣҲһǺ޹˰
Ϊʲôô
Ҫھͺˡ
̾ߵ˻ˡ


668 루޳棩
ŭĻ˼ҡ
Ĵಽظں, Сض˵ҪϣǹҪŭġΪ̫ܹĳˡ
˵֪Ҿóѵģ
ڶʱǳءһ˿Թ޵ʰ
˵ʱСҲԵ
˵빨൹һ
һǰһ˽ȥ
һ, ǳȡϵɫ, ˿ƽ
Ǹղ˭˭쳳ˣ
ĵװЦ°ɡ˵һʳ¶
̨ʳǴ˽ġҪĲأҲǾ̨ľǺӹȡ˺ӹ֮⻹ط
ڷ̨ϲûлʵۡȻе, ÿһζʹĻ, ûôǮ
ʹֱʲôѽ
һ۹, ˵үиۡ
㲻, ûпһһԽ˵ӹһҲڷʳ⡣ȫǱնѾܹˡֵˡʳ, Ҳ붼ĺͻˡ±ȹʳҾͷ˵Ͳʵʵֵػʵʵֻġôʳʱǿ԰ʳ
ԱͻȻЦϧ˷ǳ֮ơ
㣺С֪ʱǽһʱ֮Ȱտʼ֮, ̨ȻͲҪ𴦵ʳο·ӦǿǵĺܡתͷԽ˵ɽ⣬Ǿȱʳɡ
˵ͷ, û˵ûǲãתͷ˵, ղżȻ˿ڣĪ߿ף
ͷ˵ߡʳܴϵֻܴӵﳤ߲Ը, ôֻܴȷʵǳá
ûм˵, ˳ȥ, º顣
뷨Ǻ͹һҲʳġ
ص
ʵǾҪǱ, źüŷӦ
Ҫһѡ
뵽ȥҽ䡣
ʹҴҸˡ
ȥӹ̽һ̽˵
˵ӹǱ߶϶Ѿȱˣǲ֪ȱʲô̶ȡ
˵Ҳûʲôѵġҽ˴ǵСǱǱ߶ȥúÿһðɣ·ߴǱӳˣҪҪ
ҡҡͷ˵ʱҪдӺӹӳˣҪ̨ܡĵطܡ
ͷ˵ˡ
漴Ӫѡ۵ˡ˵ǵֵȥͬһطͬ磬ͬͬס˴֮˵Էһ£ȻǱӹȥ
˵ڼȥˡ˵һΰĴǳǳʳԶԲ꣬ǲŻܵ
һ˵ҪǶأ
һЦ˵ߵʱ򲻻ܰ
˵ҲǸ
ֻȥ̽ҲǱ̫Ǿ߶תתȱĻȱӦ߶ģ˵ȫˡ
˵ǿԼ취Ҫ֪ӹ߶Ļ߶ġܹǾӪ֮Сڻʣ¶ˣж
˺˶δ֪顣һ˵ֻֻһ֪ôñ֪Ѿûʳأ
ûˣѾ˺Щ𣿡
һ˵ҲջĺǸջġһȥ׷ӷ̨һ׷ӹȶûŹҿ˵ջģڻΧźӹͷء
еԾûлعǣ
ûаɣ
˵ǻȥȻֳȥˣǸǸӣúùӣϲԼ͹Ѿ߶ˣôԶʲôϢҲˡ
ü֪ˣĶв١еʳΪ˳ԣе˾ʳҲϲɱˡ
Ȼϲˣǳ˷ǳãҲЩ˿Ķ浱ȴΪûϵľȻҲˡ֪֪
Ҫ̸һ̸
һһԷ
Էʱá̬ܰѽͽ˦100֮⡣
˲Էʱϲ˵;ãҲʲôܺʲôһԣʱóʲôóʲôܡ
ǰһ໹ѼһˣԳԵûʲôȤʱӳԷ˷ʱ䡣
ǰһͶʳһͷͷһɽ
ǰʳʱʺһС⡣θ䣬κʱܳԺܶ࣬ûйԲµʱ򡣿ϳԶۣԴӺСʱߵˣ˻ǹŮڽôʳôԾôԣԶپͳԶ٣ʦͨԡͲ˲ѺóԵĳˡ
ֽıлҪ˵黹е㵣ģԵȵѷ˰ȥˡ
ܲˣȻûвߣСһӾͳˡΪÿԼǰķ֮ͻᵽͽİǰǵʳְֺ趼ιһڣͻúˡһСϷǽϷˡ
ֻðѽϵͷùһݸ
ŹԹԵȥˡ
ȵֻ˵ʱ򡣽ȹվߵ£˵һԡ˶ȥˡ
˵˵
ͷ˵˵ɡ
ͰԻĵĵ˵˳˵ǰҲˣûԵġһ˳Ա˶ӾͻϢˣǵĶӺǿյġ³Աˣůˣ˯ˣҲͣһеĵеκζȥȥǰˡ
ʱǲǰǲǵˡ˵ֻһСôûйϵ˷ѵԼһпµıܿࡣЩˣеĵͽ
ʵ˵Ѿ׽һ˽Ǹʲô˵ġ
Ӧһ㡣˵ҲҪʱ̼ϵ̫
ȻѾ⣬Ϊʲô㲻ȥأ
üǱʶĲȥռ̫Ȩó֮临ӵĹϵ
˵ʱֱҪѶԷɱˡΪʲô޷Ϊоռλá
ӡԺȥȴӡŽ棬߸
롣
˵ʵ԰ҡ
䣺
ͷ롣


669 Ԥ
俴Űɡ
֪ѾԽԽȡ˵, رڹȨⷽ档ӹӵԽȨԽȨ, ˶ڿеȨҲÿһ˶ΪȨĶ
ƺֻǵ޶ܹǵΣǵȨӺͶ̫໹̫٣, ΪȨѪҲ
ȨǰѪ顢黹嶼ֵһᡣ
˵ߵԸȥȨҲԶûô󷽣ȨеȱУû, δҲпܻСԼԶǣûجäĿ
ʱߵ˱ԼģʱҲܸ翴ϵ⡣
ͱ, Ǹ㲻Ϊʲôȥŭ
ֻ֪һ㣬㣬϶ǹġ
ֻǻ֪ʲô˹ľģʹͻȻ־ҪԼһˡ
ֻ֪һϡ
ѡĵ, ҲΪǳȷĶ֡ûѡһ̫ĵˣΪ̫Ҳûѡһǿĵ, 罪, ΪԴ򲻹
еⳡս, ϱʤ㡣
һǡǡ㹻в, Ķֵĵˡ
ɽù̫ˡ
һǳĲ֮ͬᡣ
ʱ, δزλá
ĺ١
ùԺ͡
ⲻܣⲻ飬׵ʧ⣬һĥ
ֻܾƣ֮ķֻһСķΧڷչ̾͸㵽һĵزô죬ͺܺá
Խ˵ֻŷ̨ϵ飬㵽֣΢΢˵㣺ĵŵͬʱҲȱ㣬Ҳ÷ǳƿءϲսϲ̣ҵµԸȥҵĵˡ˻ĵĲб
ǣȴܹȥԼҿԣҲһһʮģޱġ̡ôģλϣȨԼһ
Լİ취кܶࡣҿϧʿֱӸʿսʧ࣬˻ˣҶҪͷ߸ֱһ㣬Ҷݡ
ⶼСȻˣǡҲһŷҵĻҵȨλܱó̡սԼжϣҵ
ԾҪһȥԼȥһһọ́һսϡȨԵȥԼϣ㡣
Ĭ˺ܾãĿ֮¡
ҴӦ㣬ҿԿϣȸң١ƽ˵
׽˼
һûжϹѧֶϲȫˣ̵ܹḻֻ̌طͱع׼
ľɽΨһķΨһΨһ
κη˾ֻ·һûеڶ·ߡ
ܹͬȥԸ
ɱģôڻǰȨԾҪۿۡδػҲھкò׽Ȩ
ץסص㣬ΪĲǽİ֧֣ھеȨ
ȨΪȥѵȴֲ˺Ͳ̫⡣
Ц˵ȣȻҪǲȡġģܹһܹõڶ㲻ǷãĺķȥԸǴɱôҶûһҼȻ㣬Ҿͻȫͬҡ˵
䣺ɱȥܻͻķͻȥĻҿڵһʱѻĸסȥ𣿡
˵ҪȥĻͿȥ
˵Ƿ̨ô죿һ뿪ˣ˭ǣ
̨Ŀǰ²ûпľһеΧҲûСӦѾˣȫǨ˹ǡڣǲκġҽһæûʱҵ鷳
ͷ˵ôҾȥһˡ
ϣûġ˵Ѿ˵ͷˣǿ˵ȥܻܿһǶԸ⣬Ҳȥʰľ档ǰ˯ˡ
ڵˡ
뿪ģӪеʿһһߵģƽʱһûκ˵ע⡣
͹㶼û֡ǶڽԺŷ֣Ȼ;ǹͽʲô£Ƕ⣡
˱ϿûʲôͬҲûеű˵𣬶˽µĵѯʽǲǴ󽫾ʲô費Ҫǵİ
繩Ӧݣ׳ߴ
ҡͷ˵Щá
͹㶼ʼǲ֮ǰ֮ĳͻʧȥ˽Ρûаǣȥ룬Ҳڼһ·̨ǵĻҩζÿײһΧ˻ԱСΧۡ
˼ӣûֱŤһ𣬾ǻ̸ͣ
Ǹ棬ֱܾǡ
ڰڷ̨ǰһ¾ǽѹ
ȣ󲿷ܵİգھˣҲѾûʳûвƲȥҲãҲãѾ⣬ܹŻص̨ѾǷǳ˵ģǼһеֻԼӻˣĸ޶ֵܽòͷˣ߶ˡ
궼űա
ԽԽԺ󣬶ʳҲʩᡣаΪӶˡ
еľͶڼе򵹱ڽͷβ
յ̨ʱϹһأһ಻ĴѩͻȻ䶳˼һдûɣһε˵ʱѾʼֽʬӳ˳ȥ˵
Ϊ˶ѾѰǵ׾ͼҲѵ֪ǵʵеֻܴھӿд̽ʲôһЩǵϢ֤ʵ˵ݡ
ȵҪ¼ʱֻͳؼһУסڵڼֵڼڼ
ܶʱЩ
ֻܴҴҰһ߾ʬװϳ˵ȥΪȷÿһʬݣǱ˵һȫһȥ
ȻǶ죬߲ȵʱòǡҰ޻ʬϳпܻ߲
ëҹ̨ûн̫ѩصҲѾѹȥһ¼ݽ̨ԼеϤļ¼ԾĿʼǡ
⻼ѵүҲҪһ
ȥķ̨¼еóһеľĽۡ
ںܳʱﶼԳߡ
Ͱ׸һֱڽ֮⡣ȷĻǷ𽪼ӣһģһֶԴ壬칫𾴳Σдһƪݵǰ
ῴ
ͰëѸˡָ˵ȷ
ë˵ʮа˾ţүǲƭ˵ġ˼ÿʮ꣬ʮҪ磬Ǻйɵġǰܲ˼ꡣڴӺӹһƬˮλ͵౨пǽһӭһ󺵡ص˵Ҫ󺵵ĻʳǱضġڴ죬Ҳпܻ߲߲УΪ̫ˡ
ëû뵽ǣ̾ȡĻ
˵˵ģдһϸǰ̨ôӦԵģʲôطأʲôطֻһ㣬İܵ࣬İնûܣֶϡ
ȻѽҪ󺵵¸͹㡣
Է̨˵˶İˡ
˵³͹ܶ˵óĳգĳش󺵣ĳصضĳ콵ʯĳغӴģȵȡЩֹǵļУҲء
ڷ̨ǾһĨڡ
ⲻȥ飬̨֪˽ģ·̨϶м¼ַҲ
ǾôëҲܡ
˲ԼͬһʼȻëѵ⣬žͻëѴʱʲô˼᲻飿᲻ΪýȻʵµļı
˵ǶԷ̨˵İˣһڷ̨ʮҾÿԷ̨һƬص˽⡣
˵ʹ˵ҪɺĻôڳЩʬȫյΪ˱ڴ顣ɺֹӰ࣬ӰһƬеǻľǷޡ
ľˣԲݵĶûóˣǻͶǨߣĶҲʳͻڳʬԡʬ¶棬ͻɢʬ˾ͻȾǹֳѧ
ĬĬͷ
ҲãҲգʶȾͿˡ
ͷѵûʱ˵ˮ
Ŀǰ̨еˮĶǳĺױȾģΪǿԵģһɺ֮⣬ҰĶҲдһȾˮҲȾȾʱ͵ڱ飬Ⱥ۾ӣʳˮãͬͬԣѿƵס
Ϊ˱ڿʼʹþˮ
̨еĳþҲһϸ֣Ϊ˱⽻Ⱦ
һһһܱ֤ˮᱻȾɺĻеľӦѾˣҪһ
ͷ˵ȻͰɸˣˣȻҪ
ȷ˵ĸߵ͵λͲˡ
ҲΪȷʵŹ
ȻҪʵʳ
Թ˵ҪĸһҰѻʵ۶͸˱ĸ𣿡
ɴ˫Ŀǳáǳϧ˵һ׼ٵĸ
ûѾýܸˡ
Ц˵ʱһµģҲôĶôЩţǷһáͰ͹ȥɣȡ͹ȥ
վڴ룬ܣ¶СŮڶһЦݣķӦҾûǳ˼ġ
Цҡͷȫ亹ȿ־˷ܣΪҲ뵽˹˵ĳ档
˵ЦЦˡ
е齡㡢ӡơͣȵȣȫ͹ȥ
Ҳ뵱һˣ


670 µһ֮
߳ͷȥɫ͸¶һ˿, һݲġ
ϲȹȥ, Ȼѡ
, ů⴩Ʋƶϡϡܡʯ佥ðһ˿⡣
Ұ̽ͷֻ֦ҶԵøϸ֨֨ѽѽİ峵಻شӳʻȥĽҰԶɼһֱգû߽ŵһɽζ, һЩҰ, Ұڸǻš
Ϊ˰գòʱչ˼
ȻŮһ˵, һǴ³ģֻܹʵʵڵظʳÿ˵Ѿֻбϡ, Ҳ㹻ˡ
ǹڹǰ, 󽪼ıӡǴûôϹ, ÿ춼ܿ˹, Ϊܾ, ܾԼȼ, ٰܲܲ, ʹ, 
ܲζ, еĽеһЩȫٱŹдһƪ顣
˳ȥʱ򣬽ɢЩǱ
ϷŴž޴ͭӣأ·ĳޡǰջǷ̨ĹǶǱ֮ǰ뿪ʱȻûоκˣӾӪеߵıûٻȻǲֻǳȥѲһѡ
ȻΧļٿôԵĸеһ㰲ģɻӿͷǿʼ̨İֹıȥʲô£
ѾСˡɰֹǳǿ۳ȴҶһЮŮ˵ġ
ֻȥëѺͰ׸硣
׸һ֪һ²⣬˵ϣǽɱȥ칫ˡ
ʶ潪ѡʼﰲֹĴȱж˵ǴѪһ˶ľ֮Ѫ
õŮ˵ĿȥӦðһȥԴ
ëҲɶͷԡ
֮ǰ򽪼˵󺵣ѾˣΪʲôڷ֮ǰֶأһǸķʳ
ɽܡ
Ϊ̨໴ļ˵ǺӦǷʳ㣬Ҳѹ˳
ҴææȥҰ׸磬С᲻ǽܡ
׸֮÷ǳЦ
׸˵ܻǲ˽ȻѾ˷̨Ͳߡ˵ֻǸҪ󺵣ѹδػߡеǰ취ǰ
ëʣҪأ
׸˵Ҳ칫
ëѷ侲ǣΪڲǾ칫ѵʱҪ칫ĻʵۺͳҪҪһȻҪͶôֱֻ칫һе̫ʦˣܲܰѻʵۺͳŲܡ
ëΪӰֹҲǽĿǰ翴ƺǫ̈̄ԭ½һԼĳ͢
һ̫еذ칫Ȼ
˵칫ͱһ⵶ţκʱ򶼿ԸһԽĵ˽⣬пܻԸ칤ߡ
⻰·԰׸ǵͷȣͻȻ̫ˡ칫˵ǸʦûѪȴʤ˵ˡԸⲻƴȥ칫
Թ˵칫һƵѵȻ칫Ҳ˲谭
Ѿѷ̨ȫץǰûκһˣܹɷȲҪ칫ѹ󣬸Ҫ칫ְš
Ȼ׹Ĳȥ칤
ëѿ׸˳˼Ͱο˵Ѿ칫ΪࡣҪ칫վߣҪ칫֧֣Էġ˵칫ڻ˷ð졣Ժ԰ֹأҪǻΪۣ칫Ϊȫֻһ౨ˡõİ취ǵȽĵϻʵ֮Ե֮칫
׸˵Ȼǵ֮Ҫðֹǻ
ëëһΪ׸˵Цϸɫȴǳ档
㲻ҪȻΪ٣㵽칫ӵܣڣֹٰΪۣǵ칫Ĩҹ۽ĵ²·ֻºʱεصǻĸˣ칫Ҳɲ֮
֪㵣칫ܺǿ취
׸˵ҹһˣ޸֮ȥ˺ӹȼֻҲʦ
ëë˵̫ˡΪʲôһܹ轪ĵֱ칫أеõܱࡣ
׸⣬Ͼ
ҹΪʲôҪ¡һžʹΰݣһһߵĽ
Ϊ칫֮¶
׸ͷûпڣ˵칫ʱû취Ȼ
׸ɫʱͱˡ˵ǣҿɱ칫߰Ȼϱ
׸ʣҪ
΢΢һЦ֣˹д顣
׸ӹһֱΪһСഺʱͷԷд˵Ķͨƪշתߣ֮˲ֱӡ
˵㿴дΣ
׸粻ٿϣͨ˵ϷŪң
˵ϷŪ㣿дġ
׸˵ΪεʱԶڣ
˵㲻ȥ棬ÿ˵˵Ļ黰ο
׸ȥ˵ҡ˫۲ұضӰתͷ˵ǷްɲǷޡ
˵ǷҲûϵһֱĽѽ
׸Цãʱ˿̾ĪҪϷŪˡʹкߣ
˵ϵƣǣŰ׸֣˵˴
׸籾㷣û޵ȥȥ˴
׸粻⣺Ǻ⣿ʲô
ơ
˾𳤳ĹۣѵƸ߸ߵĵ
һƬ֮һжڣȫǰ
׸羪ˣϲ
ֻջʵ볼ӶµĴѾÿտҲϵʵ۵齣µӵϯЩеѾ˼꣬ͳͳˣ
ֱ󽪼Ц
תͷ֮ȥδˣ
֪ѽ
׸粻ŵ˵Īǡ
ڿڣͷЦһ˫۾䡣
׸Ѿ˵ˡ
ںӹѾʿµĹԾסңպӹȵĳвٶѾƵһЩլѾǵȡשʯ޽ǽ
Ŀǰֻǳǳһǽϡɼպĺΰģ
˵칫֮أڴ˽ϱаٴʢ
Ϊ˸λӣΧӷѾȫƵʣİҲȫǨ֪䵽ηˡ
ȫǵĹס
²ֹӹȣ19ǡ
Щֿɴĸɵ֮ƼҴ֮£칫Ȱ˵֮£Ҳò㾡һУƽ
Ϊ˽Ҫשʯ䱦֮⣬ֿʼҪ׳칫˵19ٴθףӦ֮󣬵ȴȥͽ׳ϡ
һҪ谭ĻǺпһˡ
칫ͻȰ˵ʹӦ׳Ӻ£ϾʳǺҪġ
ӹԭֵأǴĲݡ
Ҳֻܵһʱʵڹ˲ϡ
ƼҳأǣҪȻ۹͡
Щߵĺӹȶˣ˵صѶݵˣķ֮½ת˹
п飬պýլӹյ㣬ʢ֮ף
ƼҵһȺһǳǣʲôʲôʲôռʲôݺլˣͳͳС
칫Ϊة࣬СҲһ
ԺֻĵϺ칫ϯǼһ칫Ҳû˵Ϣˣֻ֪һߣһڳߡвѱֻ֮һһﶼҪ̵ζˡ
칫֪Ҳֻװӣƾߡ
һգһ˳ųӹȴ˵⡣
֪Ϣ˽Щ˴Щ˲֪ˣĿǰûʲôݷ档
ԵǹҲ˿壬Գǰֹߵģȡ˰ֹ͸š
򿪴Ҵɨһ֮󣬲ɵĴЦһ֣ʿȥ֣Ȼ˰칫ͶС鶼
칫ͶС鱻׽һı˴ҴҴʱѾϸ裬ѡ
ǽȥһǳģѾܾûôĹˡаֵһţŵģʵ̫ˡ
칫ͶС鲻һȻ벽ǰݵڳƴ
ڰ
Ȼŵݸǡ
칫ӹ˿һ֮󣬺ЦһƬġ
СҲһ֮Ҳ˵ķģϵڴһˡ
ȻҲǳһ㡣
Ȼǰֹ涼ûмǰֹӢۣңϵҲǿġϾ»˭һӢأ
ȻҲ룬Ͱֹˣ˵òܵõֹķġ
ϾʵǲٴɫڶûлתٰӭûãڳѾɥʧеġ
ֹ飬ֻдοҲ˼ΪֹûмԲ˵ذ
칫едҪ͸֪Ǻҵһۣ
ҡҡͷ˵ҪһҲˡŮģĶؼ֮
칫΢ЦӢ۸Ůġ
СֻܵͷԱ߸͵Ǿǡ
ֹգڣ͵ˡ
ʮ޴ӣǵʵʵģǰҶоѺϿ顣
ƼҼҽթ϶һƬġбزթǲʾ֮֮
˰ֹ͸ЩϵһƧֻ֮֮ˣȻٴ򿪡
ʮ󳵱ϵһտĵطΧϹ֧ųϵӣȻӲű˿
վԶԷеѾˣǺ
ӵʿֽȥһɫ͡ڶϡɢױȵ
һʱʧɫȵ
ȻæȥǸͽ˹ɫֻ̫ͣкС֪Ƿġ
ʿǶ£ߵԶԶģȻԼһˣеӶһ顣
ȫǵۻ֮
Ǽ䱦ֻһССİ裬һˡ
˻ʵ۵鰸ͰڴУοʹЩ
ڷСӣʱʱֻˡʢӱ
Ҳ
վֱϡ
칫һֱڵţ
Ҳܺ潪׸ʲô
Ӧòʳ²̨ӦҲȱֻ۾ˣ͡նݶãҪٰʳ͸Ȼ˵ǴǾһǸһǳǳ˷ܵĴ񡣾ǲ²ʲôʵ۶˼ˣʲôȻõأ
ֱҴҵش󲽵߻æ񣬿ڳƴ
ȴûпһֱӳ嵽嵽˺棬ǰں󺰴һֳͨ칫˵گ
칫˵ʾ
ҪӭֹΪ󣡣
칫ʱˣ˵󡣡
ˣɫ죬˫۷˶ʮüһ
һӣǾͲҪҪֹΪ󣡡
칫ʵ޷±ʣֻȰӼֹ޹ͣݲΪкδ󹦣δ𣿡
סˣڵ侲
ȻֹĶ̵ᵽŮһƬģǲܹ֮ڡ
ĿǰûʸʹЩ
ǴŮյ̨ͲĶΪ̫ӣԳ̫֮λҪĺӣ
ڻ֮͵͸
̵İûиܹ
˼ãʼղԸһŮˣ˵д´گպ󡭡гһΪۣԴŮΪ󣡡
칫ʵڲ֪˵ʲôãŵͷ̾µһ֮ˡ


671 
ϣķӦܿһԴѶ͹ȥ֮ʱ̹עӹȵĶ
֪鼱, ֿ̲ݻ
, ̨ġĶŸױ˽ܡֱ׵˵, ǰѷ̨ĴˣҲһЦ֮ѴʱͲһˡ
ϣĶô
տĴ˹һ
ëںܳʱ֮ŷִƺ¡
޷, Ҳûѯʡԭ̨˺͹Ů, ⹬ȫǽĴġ
Ψ֮ǰոսȥİ׸֪ࡣ
ôѯ, ׸綼ɫ䣬ҸĶӡ
죬ëڸʱס˰׸硣
׸ֻվ, ëѰղŻµ·ȫõ, ڵ, ׷ʲô£ҪĻ, ø˵һǴֲ
׸磺
Ǵ޿κΣԭת˼Ȧ, һ˲ѵ⡣Ҳѧʱͬʦֵѧġ
Ͱȥë
˼룬һ֮ûá
ˡ
ëȰ˵ֻǱ˴˿, ǡұ룬ǻʲôϣ׸𣿡
׸˵, ǲ, Ϊ˱ǡ
֪
ë̲סЦ
׸˵, ֪㲻šġ
ëѲЦ, ɫúѿ˵һ飬׷ʲô£ܹ˵ڱֻ֮ǰɲôġ
׸˵һЩ磬ȷʵѽܣΪԼáǼԼ°ɡ
׸ëһֱڹһƫнӴˡ
ʱǵĿࡣ
Ϊȱ
ѾԽԽˡ
Ǽ޺޷룬ֻү
ﲻȱǮľͲһҪرĵ¡
ȻҲ˽ҪĿʼԭΪ캵ëѱȴûи߱ˣ̨׺ϱʵּʼҵ˱һμ롣

ڲüܴˡ
ȻȷʵܴΪ벢ܻ⺵飬ǼĶӣֹ߲ӡ
ʵá
ڽͨʱΧľԮǲܵġʵûôҲûôԱʵһ㣬ȫԲôֻҪһͿ񣬹Ҳ⣬ҲᱻʡǮʡ£һַǳãǳЧֶΡ
顪ֻڲ֣֮¾Ƕֲڵȭˡ
ضԿʼ񣬲ӣΪӵͻ޵޲޻Ұˡʱֶ˵һû˾ͻùԱ޷ʩΪ˵ĸԴǴӼ忪ʼġ
˿ǳһص˿Ҳ͵һصĲƲǷǳҪĲƲֹ˰ҪҲҪ˿ڵ֧֡ӵĴ󲿷ֶ׳ҲҪǲֲƲ
ԼǮԼˣеĹԱ˵ǲ̵ġ
ʵҲʱؿ԰ԼĲƲץ
һ־;ˡİգֻҪϼ꣬ǾͻԼˡ
ڹŴʵĺޡ
ڿ̨ܵھʱֻм֮Ͱ׵Ժȥˡ
Щֻô룬μĹ䣬Ҳһԡ
Թǲ֪һӭһ֣βõĻδҶҪˡ
ȻʼǰһʼǴֱʣ
³ǰϢ͸ʱΪЩ˲ţǼһ
Ȼ֪ԭ򡭡
ΪȻӽ꿪ʼѾܹͽӺӹȹˡ
ӹС
Ҳ˵᲻ǣ᲻˽ֻ˵ǴӺӹ᲻ᱻΪļϸ
˵Щȫ˴ӸԶĵطʳ·;ңԶ¼۸߰Ҳϧ
ʳڡ
Ѿ˷̨½
ɵĶЩ˸еΡ
ô룬Ǿ£ҲҲϡ
̨ھһµΧѾûܶԮֵˡ
Ѿ֤ʵ˻ʵòһ
ڳ˶ƶȵľη֮˺ٴĵھһ˿Իʵ۱𾴺Ͱ
ѾԼ֤ˣѹ˻ʵҲԷ뿪
ΪΪֹտķ̨²ûжʲôáͲ˵ַˣ½һʥּûС
̨ڶ̬Ҳ֤ʵǵȷܵ˼㡣
ǵǰǴʵ߽ͳ죬űñʵ۵ȫľӣڰЩȫˡȫ˺ӹȣڵķ̨һճǡ
ݳݺ֮ʱáȥʮ·ݿʼһֱڣĸµʱûһ꣬عѳһģÿնҰȥҰˣڵýһ˿⣬óҰݵĻԭϹͺͺģ¶ɫĵ档
Ҳаڿأӣϣܹʳ
ϧëȥźӵĹÿ춼˵ˮλ½ˣÿһͻľϣ궼ڲͣ䡣
ܿ죬ԵˮҪˣȡ
֪ǴӺвͣصˮ߹أ֪Ǿ㰾ڣٹеĺ绹ǻɿݶҲھͺֹǵΪֻܳھͿʼ򾮡
ֵҵ򾮵ۿ۵ִȥ
ëѺͰ׸綼Сǲٻعÿڳкͷܿɹ˲٣Ҳ˲١
˷ˡ
ëѵļٴαˣëѵĶӲòٴŶµˣΪǲڹڳ⣬ʣµʱû֪еˣëѼҲֻܿ׷ųȥĵ
ëѽжϳӸȥëѾͺߣүɲסͷˣ
ϳЦһޣܵöˡ
ëתͷʶӣʲô£ﶼ𣿡
æͷﶼáȻ˵Ϊʲô֮һתƵףе磬ëүүˡȻëүүѾܾˣëүүͬүӻأ۱ݣëҲҪүү
үүÿ춼ԼҵС㣬ȻͻȻ֣Сˮˣ
ëüˮˣ
ӵͷﻹһȪأһֱû¡Ŷˣүү˵ǰйһأһǼʮŸأףһ¡
ëѵ˼ôˣͱˣСǶȰȰ
ȻͰѶӸ³ˡ
Уһ·̨ɶٰա
̨һֱʮҡΧĴ඼Ѿڴ˵仧ˡ
ӿأ
⡭ǻġ
ɱСǵս
ôʱͻᷢͻݱս˵
ͷпܡһƬ˻һӦĴׯȥеĴӶǣ
Ǳ׼Ӧ¡˵
һʣĳ񣬿ǰأ
ҡͷأڷ̨İ̫ˣҪ˿ΨһһģҵӦԲɻ¡
̨ʱмƻ̨
֣֮Ǳʶȫĵطߡ̨Ŀȫĵط
û취ʲôסأ
ܹʳ
ҪĹ
޽·޳ǽ
Щ
뼸뼸ʾ֭ȥ롣
˵ǣٰշףɡ
ӹȣ̾˰ɣҲһ̡
ڣ˺Ϣ
گ
˵󣬲˵ҪŻûõӦǱϢӦҲӵگˣϱʮ
ϢϲЦտ̷죡ǵĻȥġˣһȲ
ʱˣЦ£ʳߵģǿûϵ
˿ֻȿ˿ڣȥ޷粵ȻûжԲõĻᣬиĶĻ᷽ܶࡣ


672 
̨İÿն, ڽε
п, ڳ³̵гָ˻֮⣬дĵ̶ûп⡣
Һ³̵гʲô, ʳ, ԡңгµ꣬ʲôõ
ǳ֮ǰúʱȥгƽʱҲٽȥ, ǽȥҲѯҪҪˡ
һ֮, ɻôѹܶѾɥʧļȥ, ʱǲܱǰˣʲôʱܱã˭֪أ
³ֲ̾ͨϢ͸˽
ֳ֪εġˡ, ˼󣬵ͷ
Ϊֹ, ̨ϵ̫
ڿ·, ǿȰʲôãοǾߣܿҲȥǰӦǣǸʲôֱ𣿡
ĵ
ʼŻ, ĳǨú˳
ýһɵҲʼĹ, кܴǱڵġ
ʼǨߡǱĬ·ߡ
ûдҪǨ, Ӧǽժǹ
Ѿȫ˸͡˹, Ӧʣµһֱϵѹ֮, ûõ̫ķչ, Ӧûľͻ˸ˣ滹дѹǣûһҸͷ׷׷ס
ҪժǹϢ׷Ǯˡ
Ӧǵλþ
ʼƵϼʷõһ˲䣬ҲӦ˵Ŀλˡ
ժǹûʼѾӦǵһжƷˡ
γǿǸңõĻһסҷֹһ飬ûԵֻҪǳĻ£ҲһȨջӼлһ˳ͷ
һ·õȴǷΡһʼΪ̳ʼ˸ûгȫ֧ƴγξ棬Źܵס̳ǡֺϡǵȵء
ȵ̨ϲҳ⣬ȳ˰գʣµֽŽֳ٣ģ³Ҵ඼ʧȥߺ󣬽ҲиΣһйԱ߶ţ˿ʱȴҲʧȥһĻᣬͷԱȨλȻҪİö֮ôã³Ҳûվ
ʼҲǼ졣һҶ̣󳳵ˣٳֹʵȫ˽Ĵˡ
һҶһ겻ˡ
ʼͳûհ˹ǵԭͰӦǱ˹ǡ
Ȼ˹Ļкܳʱ䣬ٿһѾǳɹˡ
ʼѾŮѧСѧϰ³֣д³£³ҲˣһսӦҪ̫ණˣʼӦͣϵķ⡣
ھ㻹ҿ޵ҲˡܱǿοԼʵԹˡ
ԣڷ̨ϵӦǵĻǿԽӵġҶʼ˵ԶȾô˳ĻЩΪ
³̵ĻͿʼˡ
Ҳ˿зֱĶŮӺͲʮĺӣеūͣеľ檡
Щ˲ֹˣˣĶ׳һԺ
ʾȻȥˣ̨µİǵûлָ
֮⣬ŴԺԱ߿ʼۼһˣˣҲ˺ҲͨˣŮС
ǵʩʣ
ڵ˴죬ůԺҹֿʼۼһ𣬺飬ʹյ
ڶʱڼһЩʫģȲҪҫһԼĲɡ
̨˲ٹ£û¿д˵粨ƵƵ˵ĺңպҲһ¡
ԳԺȺ֣ÿϯ֮ϣȶԲ꣬͵ðռʰ
̨ǰҲۼ˲ٰգǾùеĹʣζһࡣǲôȣͳԶֻͨͨĶʳŮʩһڹ⣬ҲûмĹǳ빬ţûϵ
ǿʼ˵ֹݣϲ֣ʵ
Ȼǰʼһʾ
ʾ˵׳칬ǽ
Ҫٶɳд¡
ҲҪŮ빬ִۣ̹֯Ь
Ҳв¡ʾ˵ʮϵ˿Դɨ֣עƻ򣬷ȡ
ʾܿڷ̨ۡ
ΪⲻǿȰǹ̨µİտɲˣǿɱ³ƫԶطմûҪءǴʲС飬Ů룬˲ٳּۣūͳȺ
İգΪһʾȥʯשӺĸɻͥĸŮӻԸ߳ţҪū澵ķ̣ȥ̺һǽĹ
Ц
ҶſֹЦ
Ϊʾһյķԡ
һڹ֮СΪǸ㲻ֹ˾ٵǳʲôԭ
ⰲֹ˷̨ԺһֱŲôҼС̫ӣԼҲ¶档
ëѺͰ׸һЩ֮⣬Ψһһ¾Ǵųгİղͣش򾮣
Ϊû꣬ȷʵҲ˿ʼǲҪɺ
Ǹɺ̨ʵûʲôϵ
ûˣ̨ȫĳҪʥֻּҪȥҳʿѵûʵ۶
˭Żʵסĵطȱء
˵ǼеĻȪˮ᲻ʧ˷£һЦ֮˼ЦëѺͰ׸羹С£ˡ
˵Ԥ֮⣬ǿʾûзҲûгЦʼӵ
Ů۹ǰԸ̹
δʮŮӿѧڹ¡
һЩԭڼΪԼѾ˶ǵ۵Ҳǵ߳ţе˲֪ҪȥŻſڽеǼǣֱڼſɨֵѲӽͷβڴ˴ǻˡ
˻ܵŮǰǼòŮǰһá
̨ͻȻӵ˲ͬѰĻ
̨£ҲȷʵĹؽչɶ磬ĹͻȻһǧԼٶȽ
ҲܵӰ졣
Щаһڲſʼйˡ
Ⱦ·ݣһжᳵ·ǻǽݣҲ䵱صġ򵼡
ȽԶǵĲֿгг޽ķҲܿͱǻ
Ҳܿ챻ռ⣬вٰնǸŽģ̨İպҲ
Ǵ˵˽̨ˣͷ׷ϼҴڵĸŰ˹Ƿӡءūһףˡ
СҲ͵ѧȥдŮҲڼпʼ֯Ь
̨ı仯ҲӰȾðµֽ
̨ǰֽֽʮ־˵ֽûá
ڲͬˣֽʮ֮ðңȫǼ۸ֽš
ûлƣûΨһĺôǱˡΪ˽ʵãֽǺֽܳɾֻܳɲᣬֽʷƣֳƻƲᡣ
Ʋ͵˽ǰȻִзִ͸ˡ
˵³ʹü򵥣Ժ³ְɡҪϣʥּ֮ϲü֡ô졣

ɵ³дôˣ
ҪһЩʱաֵ̨˻治١ķ˲١


673 Ͷ
̨ϵʵܵô㡣Ϊʵڶӵֻаա
, ǿ϶ǲȱԵġ
ıҲ㹻ݡ
ͨղС³ǿ԰صʳԴԴ͹̨ڵİȴû㹻ǮȥЩʳΪⲻһ, Ҳһ, пܲһꡣ
Ԥ, ǰ𣬷̨ͽ£Ҳ˵СͥӦǴǰͿʼˡСͥб׼Ǽūʮңʮ, иʮϰĶ˼ҡ
ּͥڷ̨Ͼͨ, Ǹһ, Թ͹ΪûūԼͥΪλİǰĶлٵò, ʣµҲʧȥ˼Ҳ, Ϊˡؤū
С˼ҵĿܲ̫ƽ, ǵˮƽܲ, ūͣ, ͲԴ, Զʶ֣ҲĴѧ
һ̫ƽ, Ǽûաڷָ̨Σ֮ȫӵȥ, һζҪڷ̨ķ, Щ̶ʲǡǡǼֵǮĶȥЩ֮⣬ϰߵĻãЩļͥ͸ˡ뿪̨ζŴСͥƶһУҲû취ǰ
ְոǻѡ
ҲζܰùȥҪڼûκνǰ³ȥҪŶãû֪
ڷ̨ϵİտܶΪˣƽڵˣڲٵˣָֻҪټּ£һжת
ֻн֪ٻꡣ
ѾмͥŲȥˡ
뵽ľԾȡ罫ΪʱҪūе˼ҿʼӣ׵ĺӵȡ
ǺܻܿѰԾ뿪Уص¡
׳Ҳ뿪ĵطȥ
ðͱǿ·
ֻڿжһٵĵ궼С
Ϊƹ³ֵһʱ
³³ζҪʼԼĹԱˡ
ֻĹ
ھͿʼɡ˵ֻҪѧ³ֵģԽˡѧпԿʼְּࡣƶľǾѧΪΪи㣬ԽύΪĿѧıൽһ𡣡
˵𣿻᲻Щˣ
÷̨µ˻ǷǳѱġһʼɲţôܵģҲȻӦģ϶Щˡ
ΪпܻһûбҪĳͻ
ǵȷûи£Ļë׸ģ
˵Ǿİɡ
Ҳ;÷̨ˮˡǰ̨ҲôģھȻʼϰˡ
Ǵһʱһʱ
̨ϻѭһԭ򣬾࣬˳
ֻе·ʱǲŻд¡Ǻ»ǻ£Щ²ŻԽǧڻʵ۵ǰȻʵûǧۡ˳ܿҲֻԼߵ˻¡
ʵε˾ͷ˻ʵ۵Ȩ˵γɵһԭ
ҵĴڱòϴӢ壬ߵǻۣĽƶȣͬʱϮĴ󳼹Ա
ƶȱģ߱Ҿҽص㡣
ȾĽ׼ÿһ׼зǳȷĵ±׼Щε׼ϸķһ淶Ž׼ÿһ˵Ϊ
ͱ칫ΰҲðЩ
ΰ֮ѾôĹȥƶᷢչҪĽ
еơùȥˣ֧Ȧ˶ԼԼ֮ͿԽԼĹˡ
칫ȣһʼڹ֮⣬ǾλڽˣԼƶϷҡ
칫Ȼ׹ô£ǳ֮Ϊ׼ͱϺӹ淶в̤
żȻһλγ֮⣬˶߳ȥ
˶߳ȥˣӵжôõôߵĵλܾ
칫˵ֻһΣǾǻʵǸɵ£Ҳʵļ̳ߣ
Σһةࡣ
ǰߣʵȻɵҲǻʵۣ칫ֻܾϹ᣻
ߣ꣬׻ǴˣһʣǰٹĨˣֻܺԩԾ
Ȼ϶ۿͷԴںӹȵģʱʱ϶Ȼġ
칫ˣ˸Ī⡣ˣƶͬʱҲǹģӾǳӣûɵֻһӰڳ֮λΪʵۼĹҽ߾ȫ
ε˼뷽˸εһڡ
㵽ڲŷֹп÷̨˴ڿʼϰִʽ
Ϊڷ̨ûôķô·й涨
ֻһЩ۵Сطһϰ׵Ĺƶ֮ǾͻᵽһֿŵȨıǵ
ĹŮܵˡ֤
ҪǼԼ䡢ͥסַĸɷŮֺȵϢ
ǼǹǾһԼġ֤
Ҳ֪Լƾ򷿡أŵǼǣƾ״ȵȡ
Ҫÿ¿ƾ
һνĹŮ඼ģе˾͵ǼǹˣΧ˽֤ʲôá
ŮǸսֱȥ̺򽪼ЩŮǽҲΪǷ̣ڹп֣֯ЩŮӷߡ֯ЬһЩ̫С
ɰʳǡ
ЩĹŮа϶Ų
еǰ˴ϵһǱˣеҪô۾ʹҪô⣬ҽ˵붼Ƕġ
ʣµĶˣǽΪ˸˼Ḻó˼ʳٳˡЩŮ˶ʮϣ̬ͣ϶мҽü͸ЩŮܵܺõչҲٻ꣬ŲܣҲһˡ
ҽ˵Լȥ֪ˡЩŮֻ¶˺ܳʱ䣬ǿشûһأҲǲʮ㿼ǵҲ಻һػǹˡ
˥뷱صͶĺķѹ
˰ЩŮ͵֯ȥˡ
ЩŮΪԼϳˡһʼڿ޿
ֱͻȻ¾ɵĲϺ·Ƿ첹þɲЬЩŮ˲ŰΪȻйôعǲҪˡ
ҽǶ֮أûΪƣĥ
ǲԼǲκáмŮ۾ƺǰϹˣڵҽֶ˵׳ʲô⡣
ÿžܹ·úúõģܹЬĻҲȫǿȥ
ôǡ
һЩѾٸɻı͵ŮĹ򵥣ֻҪɨ̨ʳˡ
֮ЩŮϰ˹еʼ˼ļˡ磬Ƶ糹׷ſÿƻ֮ǰһСʱŮǾͿڹǰ˼棬ԸؼסĻҲԣֻǲܽвȥ
ЩŮ˻ؼԺٻٴеǼеĽãеھӣ˾ԼŮ
һʼЩ˲Űֹ
ԵǷ֮󡣾иԸ⵽̨ˡ
鵹ǱҪһ㡣
³ɡĳ÷̨ҷΪضı
κдֽϵĶǾοǡ³ɡ
Ȼڹ涨һЩС£ʲôм䣬ߣߣȥߡʲôֿβҪӵȵȡ
ʵǿ̫ˡ
ֻСµĻʲôҪҪдһأһһǼʮϰٲ
ѷóԺ󣬾ͷѧС
ϿʱҲֱӣ̴ҽ䣬ҵþҪŷд
ЩȥܶҲ÷Ϊʲôдˡأ
ѵ³ĴÿĥľǰϽô·յķҪôǣҪôгʲôʲôӣ
᲻̫ˣ
³ûб¿
ÿ˼Сϣڵֱڵƹ
ʱ³ĸ׾ǳҰ
³ֹҰԺų̋ԴСͲʶҲû顣
Խ¾ΪдԲŷ³֡
³ĿǳҲһ֡
̨ϵЦһͨΪҲ÷̨ʢ³ɣжѧϰС
̨ĵۻ֮طѧϰ³£ⲻǱĩ
ǾһȺˣ˹ѧڷе³£ѧͳͳϳȥѧֵ÷зѧ̾ۼգǾʧ룬ֳ֪˺¡
ڹкͽһ
˵֮һЦĨһ¾Ϳʼޡ
ҪΪһةܴ࣬˴裬кأ̨˴³£ڲˣǺεȵǿ᣿Ϊһޡ
ҲϽο˵ةŭʲôᣬͰʲôǿ
飬ëѺͰ׸綼֪顣
ڷ̨˵УѾͶˡÿ˺Ū֮⣬ʵ¶û
ҵҲû˼С̫ӡ
ͳˡЩıҲûǰǡ
˰һԷޡ
ĿУһһʮذǰëѺͰ׸磬˵ɫ䡣
֪¡鷳ˣ
ȶԹ˵ֻһЩµСΪ
Ƕ³
̻ģ빫ة಻Ҫ
˵βҲҵĹʧôһֱûмң˶ҲᡣٰᣬλϯҿԳԣһɼ
ëѺͰ׸裬˷׷ҡͷһС£αͷأҶ˻ȥһة⡣
Ҫλ˵Ҫʲôһհ컹
˵αأ˵ЩڻѧûأңȻղײգǽڳȥЩ˶ҪҲǽ
ëѺͰ׸Ҳͷֻóȥˡ
ڳ·ϣ׸ǳëѿȻҲЩǻ򶨡
׸磺ôôƽ켱ˣǹƾƴЩɵˣ
ë˵侲һ㣬ҿֻй»ǽҲաǡ³ɡһ˵²ᷢ
׸û˵ˡ
ë˵ЩѾˡûֻǰѧյ³еأҾǹģôܴ£ֹأ
׸˵ѵûڳʮ𣿡
ëѣûǰΪԼǰȫġ
׸磺ȻһƤݵġ
ë˵ѵһֹЩôǵģҲûô£аֵûСҲͷЩĴˣùѵѵɡ


674 벻Ҫ
Ф¬Фϼеһӵܡ
һʱھۻʱ٩ԼʱΪĻʵۼȲ, ҲǱǺ֮ءֶ֮ͷǸռˣⱲӾֻʣڷ绨ѩд, һн, ֬ĳƺŲȴ
Ф, ҲΪĻ顣
³ɡڷ̨³ة๫ȻڽЩ˶̫
³ǳ֮, ƫԶδѧҡο³ֲǴ֮ã³еҲǸС񡢼֮йء
Ķڷ̨, ʵ̫˿ˡ
ֹǳ³˵᲻³Թ֮أ
֮, ھ˺, ϡͿľ˵, һҪԴ£һҪúýѵЩѧϰ³, ѧϰ³ɵķ̨ˡ
ȻǾˡ
ФеС˼, 뼸˰飺ֹԺ󲻼ˣ³ة, ɼŮխº, һҪû, Ӧýǲڷ̨㡣
˵ǿҪһ, ò, ֹˡ
ȻЦ£ҲǷǳģͬʱҲǳ˷ܣ˾ٿƶϷˣǾͳɹˣպ̨ϵһϯ֮أ
Ф˾ѧǰ뿪
ФѧʵﲢۡʱΪҴطˡ
һ๬СţȥһƬĹ㳡ש̵أһͷŽ
Ӧǹͨĵطû뵽³ة˽֮󣬱ѧ
һһſǽӣ伮ֽֽᡢī
ǽȥʱû뵽Ĺ㳡ˣҶ˶ţϥϷֽͷ೭
Χľ壬ž޴ֽ壬д³֣³⡣
û̧ͷ˵ҲûЦ״˶棬һ˿
ĳǳǵ֮⡣
û֮ǰΪѧ³ֵĶЩֹİջ˶Ҫôˡʿǲмġѧ³ҲĶڼѧ
ǰȴȫͬ
Щ˵ȻˣҲ˶õˡ
ǵ̬ȫʿӡӵܣٶмҽ̣нĺ˼ҵĺӡ
Ϊʲô
ʲôҪѧ³֣ͷȫѧ³ֻ֣Ҫҵ·Ϳ԰
ФФһ£ǵýʺõ˱˰ǻһһФҡ
Щ˶ǴĶðİ
ѵˣ
ǳһ󣬻ǳ˽ȥЩд˶еֽĵض׼յ
һʼûֱҪ飬Щ˲ŷûФǴ˶࣬Ҷ׳£һϺ󣬻ФǰֹȻֻҪ
ȻˣЩϵһԵеĹʹޣеıȥҲеĶФƿڴ
ФӿһԵĸӸܡ
񡭡Ĳһ
ǿʤȻǾһЩŰֹӼ
кܿðǰл档
ФͬеҲϽֱͦ¸֮״
ѧǰͣ£ˡФϳˣһëѣһϰ׸硣
ȺһɧФδͷҲûֻĻҡ궼վڵԣëѺͰ׸ʺá
ҲһЩԳͻ򱲷ݣ
ëѺͰ׸粢⡣
ëЦе߹ǣãáŶФҵģФеڼ
ФǰëѶǸִţǸڸһãûë˾λݵʹһʱЩͣ˾գĳڼе
ëѣˣĶӡ
ФǼҸ
ëڶ˵ФǾԼ̫öӹһ֣кôڼţûôҲ຦ӱ˴һƨ𣿡
Фð亹׸˵ʱʮ֣أҪĽһţü˯žôë˾յܶϷ
ֱë˵òԣδظҷë˾աë˾Ȼͬľͱ칫ۣĳɾ;ĸӡԼ˵ģ
׸һҲһϡˣߵȺУһͷװģ˴Ⱥоӣô֪𣿡
ǸӣһƵ·ԶԲϽͷ׸ڹԹʳӾЦˣҸһţͷ
ǻϵǿֱϵϾϻš׸ǰҲһĻ׸ıݱ󣬰׸үүһͰӡر˳ܵʱ
Ӽ޿ɱܣֻҾİѰ׸һԣСүүġ
׸ҡͷҪ֪ˣӣƨֻҪˡ
ӲΪȻ׵ҲΪ£С˵һΪЩѧ³أղһĿɶǸöˣ˵ȥ𣿡
׸ļ磬ӣүүһ䣬һȥˣҪ˵͵Լư͡
ӴӦʹ켫ˣҿ϶ͷٺЦһأԺ˭ܰĨȥԺҲл˵ˣ԰´ײģʡÿزμĻᣬҪû£ҪĲûĲţҪû࣬ҪǮûǮĺĻϳͷ
׸磺У϶Ĩˣ˭Ĩˣٸϡ
ëѺͰ׸·¡
׸롱ЩȷɵӣеȽȥëȥҰѼ˵µҲһ
ߣëվһȦԶµĴǱȽģԽ̫ģڲǣǱһģһƺȥͶԹĵ͡
ǰ칫ûٺǰƣ껹ٸǺ塣칫˵λˡ
ǲ֪ҪҪλӡ
λӣЩʲôأ
³ңһ**ˣǵȿˣڳλùƣµͷųˡءҲùԸõһá
칫ΪֶβŶ϶һʵ۵Ĳϡ
칫˵˸ɱ˭ᣬɱԺٽģ˲š
ëѲٿ˽׸󣬵ǳȥ
̨Ѿûٰˡ
ͽμӹ˱ıһ
ѧϰ϶ǲ̫һġһ㶼һڱߡ
˵ǳᣬ˶ҪΪ
ͷҲ˵ʫ裬Ǵ¡
˵ǻǰҵɡ
ĻķʽǰҸֻ𵱵뱳˽ˡ
ѡ
׸Σ
̫ȷټ󣬱ڷ̨ϵʱʶ˸ࡣ
ҡͷҲСĻʽǾҪһѹסˣ඼У³ˣһȫǷ̨ˣ϶һ³˵ġ
룬Ǿ򵥴ֱһ㣬㣺һͶˣϰ׸Э壬вʶˣ塣
ͷľǡ󶼻һʼҪ飬ϵֶΡ
̾Ҫ칫ھͺˡ
˵ʱ١
㾯칫ʶ˺¡칫ڴˣ˼ֻδܳɡ
룬ҡͷ˵Ҳᡣ칫ڵĻӦҲֹҡ
ֻǰ˹ĥǽѣֲҪ칫˵˭࣬˭˵ء
˵ţ׸˻ˡ
ʣ𣿡
ЦŵͷʣβױҪȥϷúÿһôƯ·ѵֻ͸
һҲ뽪ױЦǰڵ
ֻõȥɣǶ˵ˣһ̣ʱ䳤ءԤҪЩ˼²ܰеĴĥ⣬շ
ЦģС£һ
һߣФһ̨̤ûе澣ȫǸߴ׳˺ͳֵֽʿ
˵ֹ˺ܶ๬ŮΪβ
˵Ѫ
꣡ˣ
һȺͷԵĸڰ׸ʰ׶ϣ˹߽տĴ
Ф۾Ҫˣߵ˼š
ǳ֮
ΪβЩ裿
ߺﻹжʣ£ߣ
˻£Ϥһ𣬲ľԶЩ
ֻºžĺܴ󰡡
ѵ˲ֹ
Ф֪ëûһ
˾ȥʲô


675 ѧĹ
ФһҲ, Ѿ죬ˮҲ
ȻˣһŮ
ȻҴѧǾͿ϶Ǵ󵨵ˡ¾˽סѯʣΪβŮ
֮ǰ๬ŮԼ빬𣿡
˿һ㶼ˣĴŴЩӸҹӡסͣ, ЦŷʣǲΪֻУŮͶɱˣ
ô, Ҳ˵
һ, ʵԼˣҡͷô᣿ֹЩŮԹ޳ɱǸʲô
Ҳףֱ, ̾, ЩŮ˶̫, һ͵, ۵ò, ڶβء
Ȼϸ˼˴Ů˽ʱĲ࣬˵Χȫ겻ѡ
˵ͽԼҽɹȥǣȺԺٿʲô, û취ɻġ
ڼж³ɡ, ҽ, ʣ³ҽߡȻмƣȥЩ˵ҽǼƷ
˵ߵҽƷ, ȥһƳһּΪõδѢҩ, ΪƷˡ
Ϊҽ߶ҪԱһƷһ˵, ҽ
ҡͷô˵˿ɳʥҽߵһλ
˻Ȼ׷ʣΪ䷲ˣ˿ɳʥ
˵߿ɳʥ߿ɳʥҵ߿ɳʥǰδ֮߿ɳʥ
о׽Ƭֻ̣⼸ԽƷԽζ
񡭡ˡҵǰδ֮
ФǱײһţʰ쵣ĿϾӣһʱȥˡ
˼ʲôˡʲô¿ɳΪ񡱡ˡҵʲôǡǰδ֮ʱ򣬹Ͱ׸ˡ
Фߵ̧ͷ׸ֶ֮һλƵ߽
ӦЩˣ˲²ͷӶǻ׵ģüĿ㣬ɫݣֹȽСէһʮֿףϸһ˺¡
ФɨӹĿһײͰͷȥˡ
Ŀ硣
ͷӲöԸһ֪ˣǱԼҵϺϺ꣬š칫˰ɡ칫öࡣһүү걻ŻؼӲҳŵֵ׳칫Ф˸£һٸһ˶һʹı顣ڼʶԼͷӵı£һͷӣûвµġ
ǵǿĻʱЩͷӡһǣԸ㲻㲻ܸ㲻㲻£㲻˵£˵ˣͲǲ£·ϡ
ǲǲ
ǲϣĻķģԺʮˣҲҪúù񫣡
׸̨Ƚܹ㣬³ة࣬³չϳմ
µ˶ʾ
ɫǺܲмġең³Ƕģ̨ҲֻΪˡο³һûʲôİ⹨Ҳʲô˲ġ
¾ƣ֪кοɽҵȣ
Ļᣬľʫ裬̸ֻҪģ࣬ǾҲûϵֻҪĺãжСȻⲻ˱ָ̣ľʲôġ
ˣ¶棬³ة࣬ҲҪ¶¶Լı¡
׸ǺЦ˺빨ʱڹѾʶֶˣʵʵ˵ʮǰ칫ʮ칫ºˣȻˣˡø˼ƽˡ
ˡ
ʮǰ칫ڷ̨˵һи˶ʹɱ֣顣׸ʱСгֵһ칫ǰ飬ʱʱĳĳ
칫ڰ֣ˡһֻ˵ٹ绹һɣ˾ſڿأ˿˶಻ã
칫Ǿޡ
칫ϥǣ񡣡
ǣ飬һڶ칫ġ
ʱ˶鲻汻ͥԺƨɵʦֵܡʦֶʦʲôģֿϰΪ
ֱ˲ŷ֡ʱ
ڵĹǵʱ칫͡԰׸ɼˣ˶Ÿɡ
Ϊʱ칫Ÿɵ粻֪ȥˡ
Це˵ҳҰȲλ׳ˡȻ͵һƪŮ£ҲдĿɱҹ
ƪ˵ʵڵģⲻ棬Ƶһƪϼ֮ٴ죬ôõ䶼ܺʣͷŮһ顢ɽҰ֮гһؾ͵ӰؼϷɽ£޶еߣŪ
ִֹţȻŮˣʲôа
м˵ŮˣɽΪ֮𶯣Ϊ֮ᣬ׳С
뵽˵³ϵ¶ǳݰֹ³³˵á
ž˵磬³ǣǧ簲仧ΪŮĵطͲӣԶֻ
ҲġǸܳĹǲ
Ȼûȥǣÿɲ١
Фߵ˵ǲǹ뿪³ʱ³͸ū𣿡
֪ǣ˵ǰԸ̫Ц˰ɣ³͸ļױ
ФͷС˵ʫ
ʫǲ
׸綼û˵ǵ³¾ǹֱʡԴǸѾҲûйʫˣڼдˣҲֽˣ֤ݡ
һľǰ˸ˣԸ߾λ
׸ף˷ˣŵλǹΪλ֮ᣬλҺú̸һ⿪ᡣ
Ф˿⻹ǰǵļƻ
Ǳ෢ԡ
һڣһة࣬ڷ̨⡶³ɡѵ֪ף³ء³ɡڷ̨кô
һ˸ŵ³ɡ˳̨˾δʣר
ʵûҽ³ɡԼˣ˵۾֪
˵ʲôɣԼ񣬽̻յʥ֮ԣ֮˹֮³ǫ̃Ūʲô
׶ġ
ҲºͰġ
˺ʹ㣺ҹۡ³ɡΪξǰգѵ³ûй䣿ûеϳ³ͷһ˾𣿡
һЦ
汻Ⱥ֮׸һֱͷװɵ̨Ҳܷģʱһֱų⡣
׸ͿǰѴϻСè
ʵڲٿ
ͷŤˡ
Ҳܺ棬ƢòƺܺãΪʲô񲻼أ
ȻĻʹӰ쿪ϣҹһֱϡ
춼ˣФڱ˯һˣ͸̵Ƥվ˸Χ˻˯мм˻˵Χŵ˲ǹ࣬Ҳǰ׸磬Ǽˡ
ԭ˽ͺϴˮ˳Ǽ
Фѣ˲ݲϴһһٷ̨緹׼ҵ׸ǸоͿˡ
ĻῪúʹ죡
˵λԵȣȥһ
Ȼһȥء
ĵе˶ˣܳԲԷϴǿ϶Ҫġϴߣ߲ˡ
ŵûأеǰվһŸߴļʿ
˼ҲûõǹֻվһŰŶ˶ѡ
˷ֲˣŭǺ⣿
׸٣һŭȰδλôߣ
ɵҲ֪ⲻΪĻûŲ߰
ФɵúµǰȴҿڡֻߵС鶼ʡ
ѵֹҹѺҵȣ
ֱЦֹܰҪҵʲôҵȶӣ
׸վǽ󣬺ֻܴŲӶ˺ᣬᣬȫᡣֻΪҶԹ̫ûн⿪ҵȾÿϧһҪλ⿪ᣬλ˲ţǹҵȣûλʵ˺¡
ƵƵҾϢŭǲߡ
һߣëѣʣƭ
ëһһҹŻڸֻһַֻ˷
ͷʮԡ
ëѹһˮҡͷֻ
üôô٣
ë̾Ц̫ˡ
̾ǾֻܵʱûٿѺһˡ
ëѵҪ̲סЦˣ˼ƸҲǵڲ֪ʲô֮ǰҪɱԭֻˣƤ
Ƥˣã
ûˣֻҪ̨߽ģȫҪ£ȻЩǵļҪѡ
أǳԵĺȵĴõģҪͽɣ
ȻԼ򻯳ʳǮ򲼻ţ⡣
ƤʹȲ˴ţҲܽȱ
һЦ֮ҲֻһЦ֮
һߣи̾ˡ̨ʱ̣ڶ˼Բͨ͸
á


676 ֮
Ф˱صͷû緹ˡ
һȺطһ, ſںҪԽȥ֮, ʣµ綼ˡ
ҲǾʲôأ
лŶ緹, 綼Ѿ͸ˡЩؼٳԵҲİЩʣˡ
ʣµ˶ҲˣǿʼͳԵĺȵĹ˿ʼˡ
Ц˵ˮеģҲУûз
Щһʼû׹ô¶, ˵Ǿ;
˾Ͱһ͵
оûҲаЩӵƽʱ˭Ǳ˹ӣƾͶˣ׷鹲, ˰ֹȻֵġ
ҲЦеӦ, һ, Щ˾ͺ
ҲгȥġФӡ
ǼĹԱһһҹûؼ, е㺦¡Ҳǲأǻزȥ
ٿһ۵ſڶµʵʵǣЩˡ
Фؿ, ʱ䣬˵ʱүүӦѾˡһּһ䣬ҵӦүү÷ֹһɫԽԽ, ƨɵһǧһ
ߵһ˵˷㲻ڼ𣿡
ФȻϣﻹû֣
˵һγȥ, šҼǵҵ˵, ҪҵĴ˻ţ֪ҲڼءФ֪οԼ˵˵ϻһ
Ҳ֪ܰ
£֪ģǲ֪֪֪ȻûؼңȻǳ
֪᲻ûá
뵽һûþرɥ
Ѿͷһ߶ˣ͵͵ġ
Ա˶ͬĿƹҵĹʲôǶһʼ̫档ӱ˻Ǻ˼ĲŽһǼ£ؼҺʲôξͺ˵ڻǿˡ

ƼҵĹرȽϴǼһֱг趨ʡĹأһһĶҪȥҸ밲رһ磬ﶼҪվڻƹǰͥԺ밲磬ƹ緹ʱ˵ȥԼðɡ
ǲߡ
һģ岮ͬѣСֶȫվһ𡪡һر׶ʱ˭ʱİˣ˭찤ˣϾʹͻᱻȫ˿
һƼҳӽģǰһϸһʱ֪ΪʲôִλŰˣеǰͷ˶üëϷһָ׻Ѫۡ
˵Լӵġ
ӵʱվںŻŽſء¶氡ɢСǶϽˣʻҲڻƼ˺һ
ԻӲŵģȱϯ˿϶Ƕˣڿ϶ҲѾˣ±ڷŵϹҲܡ
Фͬ˵Ȼȥˣ˵һء
ҡҡͷûõġ
ûлؼ˯һϲ֪ĶȥˣҪġ
ƼҿûзӵĿӣеŮҲǲһָͷġ
ʱܣסʵڿȥ˵ҪȻҸţȥ
˼˺ܾãҡͷ˵ѵн̣Լֻǻ
Σ͵ЦŮţߣӺǻɡͲΥѵҲõԼ԰ɣ
ӺӣӴ˷޸Ӷ
ԣ޹ͣһҹؼңǻȥľͲ֪ʲôˡ
뵽ӾȻ˸ս
ФһҰοģҲһͷʹġʣµҪôϣſеѾžˡ
ʱ·úַ·úܿ죬һգ۾ǻƻˡ
Ѿ˵ҲˡһȺ˲Ϊ֪ǱȲЩѾˡԷ
˸Ķʳƴ˵ı꣬Ф˶Ĳ죬ˮֱǧߡ
¾ƹ౥˶ӣһȥҲˡ쵽죬һҹûԶˣ쿪ĻʱгʳҲûʲô˷ϡ
ǴڲͣĺȾơ
̫£ƺһӾͱ䰵ˡվڹſ͸ԿǵŵƣŻ棬ѾֻȻһƬ
ʱ׸ˡ
׸վͷЩ˸ǽ
Щһ׸׷ƿڴ׸ţ˲Ź֣λôɻùߣ
£òͷ
˻һƳһ׸˵
ʰ׹Ӽʱǳȥ
׸Цδ÷ܷŸλ뿪Ҳѽ
˾ĸˡ
͵ĵʣҲȷʵǷ̨ʷһǳĹ¡
˵һǳ°ˣĲȻԸ񲻺ã˵̱ܿ׵ˡ
мǳҪõѣԸ񣬻˵ά
һգڸ̸ʱһ˵˿̱ðѵҪߡȥˣŵԿӵɽ뿪
ǰ󻨷գȵ߳ʱѾˣѾͺˡ
˴Ӵ˺Ҳ˿̱˵ë˵ʲôؼҺд˵ˡ
ѵСͻҲ˳ȥͱһĵˡ
ͣߵһЦҲܸܵ˶ľ֮顣
Ȼ׸͵ģ˾ֻܳԸưͿˡ
㿴ⶼ¹££պȥҲһʰ̫ԵػһŮӡ
ֹǿǣҪһǾ͸ײˣ
ʲôһȺ˷׷תڣްֹʴȿף³ةڷ̨½͡³ɡҲûκ⣡ҲǴһ³ةڷ̨½һ³ʲôõأǳãܺã
׸οȻˣλЩҺóʸ
̲סҵȹңϣ
ԶԶԣ
ڼдó
ǰûҹõֽʣܷģ
׸Це˵кѣλ֮ȥλȡλ£йܷأ
һȺֲױд´ֹǱˡǻʲô˵ģǾдɡǴصڣĶ˵ıȳԷء
һֽС
ȻˣǾٵƣֽʣҪʲô̿ɵã
ͷҶһˣ
ԶԶԣͳԵ
׸ʱԵرģɫôλأһλʳϢɣҲ١
˵꣬еġ֮תˡ
һȺߣݡ
׸ŵġǺܿˣһϡ࣬ʢǳУھûˣȫˮ
Ф׵ÿһ׶ɾˣ׷
Ҳڷǰ໹ûһڡ
Фֱȥã˵ԡ
ӻ񣬿Χһ˫˫ӯӯ̣̻ס룬˵ȫˡ
ΧһƬ֮̾
һȺ˯ֿ
ӵҽûؼҡ
ФѾˣֻǵдľͷߣǰֹҹѵֻΪ˽ѵѵǣ
Ƽң֮߷̨һǣ̾˿ȥˡ
˵ݽ˷̨ëѽ컹Ӷӻ
˵ë˾˵ڷ̨Ų߾֪⡣
ͷǰһͲۼҺӡǹ𣿡
ǵƺǡڰҲûһȥʲô£ȥҲȰǿ
ԥϴʡ
ڶϣһͿԼӾ͵ſڣڣ˵ɣʲô£ëˣ˵ʲô
ӵүүڻǰҲǶӣСİԼӺӿܱƵ˵ˡ
˵ëû˵Ҫʲô
ûС
˵ǿǻûüɣٵȵȿûϢðȥ
ȵ磬ëٴεţǰѻƭȥˡ
Ƽҵȵƻżˣ˻Ǹ˵ǣڷ̨ߣΪ³ɡѧ̨һҪֹ˵ԲߺȲߣҪڼùߵĶ
ȥȰûȰȰӡ
˹˵ֹû֮סڹֹṩѾˣǸӵĳ֮Ժʲôģ뽻ȥûƼҸʹ
Ƽ¶ûףȫһãȻ
ȣ϶ǻͻӸܸɵ£
ȻҪĳԺȴ֮ʲôأ
˼Ƭ̣˸һ˵Ĵ룬ȥ׼һһʳ͵ͷȥˡ
˲⣺ѵֹҪ
˵͸ղհɡ
ˣ˻ߣ˾Ų
̽ͳһһʳ
˲ˣǰЦе˵Щֻֻ󸮶λӳһģ
⻰УͻȻˣ
Ҫ
ǹ֮ˣеġʡ
æȥڷ̨˵ж٣ļҵġ
һҹȥ̨ɵ˼Ҷǣ˽ȥȥѧûô࣬ëѳ˺ö˽ȥȰܡݽȥɵˡ
Ⱦ֮̾󣬾Ȼ֮У
ˣ̨һеˡ


677 
ëƭ˹صһط, Ͼһʼ˼͡ġ
þһʼƭ, ҲҪƭһ㡣
ë֮컹ҪȥϷҲƭ˼, ȵ˵ëѱ˴֮ʹ˵԰˹صһˡ
ӦһֵԹޡ
֮ͻǼʿţ˳
ëѱ򣬾ͽ¡, ׸ֻԼϣÿ쵽ʺһػһһ¹ԴҵĹ֮⡣
ڹŵѾˣëѺͰ׸硣
׸ͦί, ȥë˵ôˣ浹ù
ëͷϵʱһ, ûû, Ӳǰ˿ҩ, 춼𴲣һֱװ
˵Ƿֹǣתǵġ
׸粻ţûô֮ǰѹ, ھͷǴϻˣѲɱؼͿˣ
ëѺܿ϶˵ɵ, ư, 濴˶, ˶ࡣ
⼸ķ粨󣬷̨µ˱ˡФǶűûлؼҵĵ죬ҾѾ¹ؽ˴ţ㽫вƻˡС͵ȫĵط
ӦȥˣĴׯҲǿԶġߣڳⶼС뱤ǽ߳ʳˮо׳ﳤѵ˵ǵڶҡ
ߵ˶Ժʣµ˾ǼоɣΪ˽µ⣬ǻཻϢϻһ벻ͰѼͽ̨ˡ
Ѿһ˭֪ⰲֹǵڶ
һŮˡ
ǵ죬ҪǮ֮⣬ûб¹ʷ
ûʿţҲûǿȨơ
ֹ˿סΪҪʳǮѡ
˵Լ˲ֵǮ
Ȼȷʵеˡ
ǾðֹộֻҪô㶫
Ǹˣ
ƼٴζˣһҪġʣµûҲŻƼҡ
Ĳ˵һŻƹ׵ıµġ
겻ˣѶӵƳͣʲô˵֪
ָָ̨ҡͷ˵
Ƶúˣҡͷ̾˵ɡ
Ƽҵ̬Ӱ˺ܶˣҲӽš
ܵ˸ˡ
ûʲô˷𷴿
Цʮأ˵ҲźüǰƼҵӪȫЩ˸ռˡ
ЩܾˣֹûκηӦ
ǸһǮ˲ĵź󣬸ͲᣬҶԶԷǮˡ
ֹͦ˵ģ͹ȥǾͲˡ
ҾȻðֹȻǱȽģ˸˰
ƼҲ֮һһÿһһǮǮˣͻɲҲˣ˾ʻҪҪ귴Ǽжٴ
㣬˵ߵûͶ٣ͷء
һĳͶõģ
°ɡ
ͷš
ǹǷǳϣܿ˵ӺͻԴˣûУûƼԼͽȥ
ˣ
Ƽ˲̫ʲô˼סˣ߻ȥʻô졣
ܵټһ
˲ŻôףˣֻƾˣѾֿܶˡǲҪҰһˮĻƼŮƼҶ
ֹĲڰʾģ꣺ˡ
ǻƼһʳ˹ȻЦеˡ
һ𣬻ƼҴĳ峵ȻֱܿΪӺͻҪϺõĴֽд֡
߳Ӻͻ˵гӣҪϺõ޹ӡ
˳ˣӺͻҪͳߣˣˣʲôġ
ų
̾˿ֱǳüĻƼҶɡ
˶ˣʡ
һˡһĳ˵Գµģû뵽Ųһ¾Ϳˡ
˭·Ҫ˵ӵģ˵Ϲ
ɻƼҴϵ´ûͷڵ˶Ÿɹӻ𣬻ƼҾͲˡ
Ҳüչ
ΪֹҲǲͷ̨ϵ˷ĳͻԲųôһС
ֹҲܷϷ̨ķ칫Ҳã˳ֻҪޣǶ˵
Ϊֻס˳Ļʵۺ͹ðȡ
̨Ͼ᳼س͵ɾˡ
칫֮ǰһ죬ȴѹƵ˶ƨɺͷס֮ƾһ㣬ͷݣ
Ǹ˰
ɵӣֻʵСܰѻʵѹͷҲһ룬ѹ˻ʵܴ֮ʵ۰¸
Ųס
ڲˣ
Ҫܣ͵ȫµ˶ҳӡɣ
ʵһд߰ڻš˭ʵۣǴʵһˣս߰Ĵû͵ˣܰѻʵȥԼʵۡ
칫ԼûͣҲԸѻʵ۸Ƶ´ӲдҲ߰Ĵ
ٰ
˶ֻʵСûһõԼǲȻܹܲ͢סµҰļȺ֮
ɵӣ¶ǡ
뵽ͽл̲ס£
ɰֹ
Ů˽͸
ĵɺϣˮɡ
ɺϣ군Ҳǵڶ滹еĸ
Щһ̨͢񫣬ٻˡеĻ£е˵뿪
ɺأ
Ͼ˵ɣҲ̫ˡٰһжɺϡ
ͱķƺҲͷϸҲɾ͵ıȻС
ʵƺͳȻܾҲһԭȻʱ˺ͣΪס˻ʵ볯ƭЩ˽Ϊʣ¡
󣬲֪ǿԼĴˣǱʲô˸ˣ뿪ˡ
Ľˣ˳¡
ֹǽ׽͸ˡ
һν̨ڣÿһ벻͸
˶ΪҪʺҲһᵱʺʱûʺ
˶ΪҪʱ򣬳˹
˶Ϊ칫Ŀɳʱ칫ĵһֱ߱ݻ
˶ΪҪ̫ӻʺ󣬽̫ʱ˵̫ûУֻһ
ÿضѷ̨˸ˣˣÿضǲ²͸һ
أΪŷ̨·ߣѧǰĻʵ£ˣƤҪ
̶һͿѻƼҸơˡ
ƼҶҪˣأ
û˹شŲͣѾֶˡ
˿ɱһҪߵö࣬˵ֹҪҵȣ
ĵǲҪǲ֪϶һǵġ
ͷϷ氵ʾ桰֪İϷϷ浽һ룬˵Ϸǽ컻淨
˵ˣҲҪȿһܲʱ˳
ˡ
ȻѾԸȥһ԰ֹķâֻҪһȲ֪ĵ𣿺αԼĲȥأ
Ըˣʳֻĵĸ
Ƽ˶˽Լ磬Ȼ˵ĸǾԭڼһ복ʣµȫװһˡ
Ƽҹ˴֣Ҳȫװˣ˸ֵĸӣװ̫࣬ߵһ׶ˡ
ӱ濴ƼҲǸվһ㿴ǼҲӰֹҪ̫ˣѾ
ʱƼҵİϷЦеĶˡ
뷴Ķһ𷴿ֹֻһСˡ칫Ľ쵼͹ػ£̨µҵӶȽСǻҸһϳ̣Żʵ۱ҶǵʲôСΪ֮
ǰصĶ칫ɵˡ
󲿷˿ƼҵӦԺ󣬶һȻѧˡ
ô˵أǲԸ⡰ѡңرǴҿΪһȷŬʱǲ̫Ը⿴ѡ֡
ûԸΪȷ³
ǣƤһ֮յһѼӼ۵һͶëѺͰ׸ĳ𡢽ѵ

̨


678 ľ
ɽͶݽ, ׸һˣȫˡԲڴë, ԸÿȥЩˡ
ëѿЩǰ˵ˣһ㶼򿪵ͷΪҲ֪дʲô
ǰ, 칫һкܸĺð취ɵôܱһԵùƽڻʵ۲µĳ͢, ƽһҪĶ
һʱ, ת뽹, ¡
ڲ, 칫һа˶ɵӣֻڿͷʼ涷ɵӣ±, ͷ, Ǿһ޳ɡ
Ȼ䲻칫ͷ, ǰʵ۵񣬰һֶη󣬱ס̫ƽ
һ, ˻ʵ۸¡
ֵֻĲǻʵ۵һ
ëѶԽԽߵ򡪡ЩΪ˷ֹ, Ȼֽ, ûľ빡
뵽ҪϺüͷʹ
óȥˡ⻰ѿڶʱ, ëѻЩţ⾹Ȼ˵Ļ
ǵ̾Ͱ̧ȥ, ܿŵ˲Զľͷζ, ͦŵġ
ëһֱŲûгȥֹջĻǾһ˽ŵȫ̧ȥˣһֱյڡ
ëͻȻеΪʲôۻڿʱճӵϵˡ
ĺʹ죡
Եÿдһͽĺòϡ
⵱Ȼ֪ˡ
ڹ̿۵˽ͷϡûëѣ֪Լ۹ë
ûϣվ˰ɣôҪС²طϡ
ëƭ˽Ѿǹˡ
ëҲ߸ȥ㻹ܴӸեÿ˼ˣһҪûзŹҡ
ǰĺҲվڹĽǶȿЩˡշã˸եͣҲȷʵûôˡ
׸ġʡӦãѾʼҪѧϰ³ˡ
Ӽ׵Ф֣һЩҲ˼г
˵һЩɣҶݽˣڸܲһ취
ҪĿĻǾȥ
ϾںǰһǰܸԿΪллʵۣǸɵʵۣһʵۣǾͲûѡ
ڹûѡˣֻһֹȻֻûеڶʵѡֻܶͷȻƷˣȥһʵڹأ
һ̨ûлʵۣ»ҵġ
Ұֹȳס˶֪ȱҲ֪ҪΪιա
бȴûɱ
ôһȦѾӢˡ
ǰµˣ
͸һǸϹֵġµֻԽԽ㡣
ɰֹֻҪ㹻ʳιգ̬Ͳ񻯡
ⲻǡƽ
е߸·ֹ֪ȦӣͿĳҪˣѵܵű
˼ֲû
ԹڹһȺһ֮󣬵Ƕ԰ֹóϷˡ
ٷÿֻһϡҲʵǲù˵ǳȥ
ֻҪܸԼǻ˼ңҲһģ
һȺúܺãǰֹܸһ̸涼ţ̸ƨ
ԣǿʼĥֹ޸ˡ
ŮǺܺúġ
ǺдƪģúõĴһֹͳȥûӦ
׸磺û򿴣ֻҿͷ㱨һ£һ㱨Ľǣڿ
͵ͷû˰
Щ룬ǲдǼֵģ
ֹĻˮƽôû֪ĿǰܡšҲе㲻㡣
˵³ֵĳֻΪֹܵܲʶء
ЩǺġһһճӰϡȵ֫Խϸ´ȫڲˡ
Ȼ⣬ȻҪ
׸³伮ͷѧϰ³֣³ֹ£
ͻῴˣ֮˵ͻᱻǵĳ򶯣ͻǹȥˣ
׸磺
š
׸粻˵ʹǸһأȰǼҵĴեɾ֮ͻˡϾǴôͼɣϣþ͸Ƶģһ͸ܳһµʳˣ֧ܳʮģ˵ǲ˽ʲôġ
ԣ׳ֻҪʳեɾˣҲҲ첻˷ˡ
˳һаգһٶð
ԣǰѹǲ˵ġ
Щѧյ³ֺ־Ƴƪģݸ׸磬͸ֹ
׸ܾǻûаµȥȻûȥɹҲ˵ûʱ俴
ЩĴʾĳȡ̬֮
˵׸С۵ƯСŮһʣԹⲻǵµݸֹ衣
׸磺
ʮӣҲҼʡ
˵ΪˣҪǸģǶȵޣȰС澸һٷĹܽɷº̾䣬תͷޣ㶼Ϊϧ
һ̾ίһ߰ĶˣҡͷԵƷζе䣬ëһͶһڶֻһ仰ѧ³ѧú棬дƪ£ġ
ͷ˵ڹҲˣ㲻Ҫ̫˼õҲͰˣҿȫǽͷݣáЩæȥ
׸һ飬ȻСŮ˳ҵļ˹һβɨһɫһޣһǳ檣С澿ɲǡ
˶ɫŹֵȻˣҾȥκ̫ǲ
˵ߵ˶ͷСǰӾȻκ̫ӣһ֪ʱ°Ͷŵˡ
ӣ׸ʮֿȻκλ˵ҲһλӢйڣκ̫κ
Ӷ԰׸Ҳܿ˻ţվȻͦг
׸˵вǲ޸Ҳӡ
˵Ȼô˵Сֱܾˡ
ȷм¡¹Ǿ½С͢Ժ̨ԭͻˡ
ͷЩɣҪ̨ԭ˽һµġʱҪһ̨֪ȴûٵȲıһ£βСĶá
ëѾͲˣ϶йǣжʱͻ̫ġ
׸ѡˡ
׸ˣ¶Ц
ӳ֮ģͦͬĿȴ˵ߣרʼʼ˽˽飬ǹ£ɻ
׸ֻ˼Ƭ̾ʹӦ
Ϊʲô칫͸Ϊֻǡɸɾġ죬ҲûĹ١Ψһһسȥ³ӭ˽
Եˡ
ΪΪ


679 ҪΪ
Ϊѷ̨̬Ϊ۸ֵܺ͡ʡ㲻˵ǲ, Ƕڴ׼ʶ̬Ƿǳеġ³ֺ͹㽲³, Ǹеܵð
ȻĶ
ǵĹģʽ, ˵Ǻǵʲô, ǾǽͨաͨƽͨǮֿĶ׼
ǹ, ֻһʹõĹʱͳ־ǵ³ȡ˼, Ŀǰʹ³ֵ˺ͨƽӵǶԿʸ
׼Ѫڷ̨, ʲôᵱʲô, ʲô˵ѪζʲôĲܡҪپȷ, ˭, źһĲŻ
ջ, һ̣ܵëѻ׸磬ʵ۵ʱּ, ˽µҲͬ⡣
ĲǿĶǾ񿴲һ
ϣѷ̨ԭܿ, ǸڹԹ, ûκη˼칫, ǿ϶ת칫
ڵֻϰ˳, Чˡ칫, Ūǣ칫Ǿͻͷ칫ˡ
̨תĻࡢ֮µӹ١
Ϊ칫ѳϹٶְֻ£Է̨ϵĹǷǳԡģٶְСٶʵְ
ҪܿյģȺС١
Ѿⲿ˵ˣֵա顢¡¡ȣԼǧˡ
ԼĿǰûǧ̨֪£Ϊõ˵ġҲֻ滻齫ĳЩźϲֱӿ²
ԭδȻǳΪڹȥһ٣λǹˣպ÷㽪¡
ϾһֹС£˷־Ͳˡ
֮ʡٿࡣ
Сּ⻰ݵȥ׸縺ȰЩ˹Թ
ȷʵ˷ˣ־ûҪΪʲô粨̨ﻹһء
ֹЦƣӦܵʲô鱻˶ְĸ½˸˵ȵȡ
ն飬µ¼䣬ѷ̨µĸ滻һңʣµҲػˣΪڸصѾðͷˡ
̨顣
ʬȫ͵񣬳ֻҪڽĿ֮µģҲȫմ˰ˡ
еˮҲϸ֣ټˣҲˡ
չèŮֶ˿һԺĹɱèʯ
Զ̨ĴУ׻ǳ顣
ֻһʼֻСڽͨãһ뿪Լļ磬Ƕڼ總ʮҵĵطҲһĴ
ļ֮ҰǡҰ޵ĻӾ磬ǰǳʬͳټӡӬ鴫ˡ
߾Ҫ졣
̵˰Ҫ뷢ĵİճӡ
ʱû㹻ҩҲûЧƷʽΪ˰գȥȻҲֻʣ¼һ·ˡ
֪β˲ôİһֻܻܲܿԼӲ
ֻŮȨְһ·ᡣݹŮ˾ˣҲ޲ʹ뼫֮ʻϽʵѾȥҲڱ˰ӭ㣬Ӵ˲з롢ʹ˵ȵȵȵȡ
֮ݹŮ󲻹ԶŮӡ
ҲΨһܸյİοˡ
˼׼򵥵Сʫ裬д
ÿһ죬˶˶
ΧİշǳҳϵÿŮȻѲ˵ʬӵ֮ʿǽʬߣպ
ΪʬשҤҤʬյΪ׹ǲŰݡ
µʮ£һʱ䣬ÿ۾˶ˣϱ۾챨һ㡣
̵ǣԽԽ֮֮УˣҪԵʳҲٽˡ̨µ˿ܿĹ侲ר˶ˣΪ޸衣
ٰ붼ҪǳǮˣҵһнեɾǼеĴ
ĳһգͻȻ˵бڴϣѲǵСѱȫ˻ȥȻ󱨸˵˰Ѽ͵ļͷӳˡ
˵ûϵܲãþͶ°ɡ
̨͵ľǼͷڼͷִ⡢⡢ȶ֣ԿһּͷҵأٴӲشžҵļļͷˡ
ΪǮ̫ˣݹôͷڼֻ־Լͷ˭ҵĺܺңëѺͰ׸ͰѸҴͶٱһԤʲôˡ
˭ӵļͷȤֻҪ֪ⶼġԼԼеˡ
˼ͷһҺĻİѼͷ˶ͷҵļſڡ
ڿֹû֮󣬽Ͽʼʱʱĳֱӳļͷǹͷ󵶵
ӪһϽֶʰʲô
ڳҲûʲô˸ɫˣǰѲĳĳſʱᱻ˵ˮָɣȻǵʱͶű˳
¶ˣףѾǴˣ
Ҳ֣ʮº󣬽սƷˡûȥ֪󣬾ͰѸձĻҲȥˡĸհĴֱιһ棬ﻹвѾˡ˺º㡣
ǣ̨뿪죬ӣ˽䡢ĺͻӡ
֧һͻûľͲ˵ˣѾصð˳ѹǰ˶һü˵ϣվվˡ
ࡢ˾ˡ
칫˲ڣҲһµĻ£ëѵϼ˾ղԴҲ̧ˣëѾվĲǰͷ
ĲĹҲȫһһĶˣ󣬹Ǻܶ˶ûҵô롣
û취
ǣ˭Ҳ
ױŴ죬պǰأԽߵ
һߣꡢëѡ׸ͷȻڲϯҲˡһݽҲǾڳ¥ϯϣϷİֹ
ĲΣλҲλˡ
𣬻ǻʵ۳ʱ֣һƬ֡
һŮʱȣãµ˸ѾǴͬˡ
ϻҪֹ䣬ֹֹˡ
ʲôɻɵģ
ֹȷʵûҪʺ̫
ҪƵۡ
µվ˵ʲôǰͷĻ̫ʵˣҲİõ롰ǲ˵˭ǰͷǻأ칫زݴ·
겻ǲ֪˶ֻװ֪ڼԶ˵ֹЮ۾֣ΪβսǣΪҪԺ
Ϊ˻ʵۺ칫
ֹΪηںӹңΪԼȥʵۺ칫
Ҳ칫ɾ칫ǼƸ߾Ϳֹв֮ŻԸ֮Ϊ飬ֹҪʱҲ⣿Ƽ⣿
칫ںδǧںδһָ磬Ϊӡȸĸ˾ڣкβ
˭һ԰ֹĵ棬ֻ˻Ƽң˵꣬Ƽһ˸Ҵ


680 ϰ߾ͺ
ɪɪ
Ƶ, һй㻮աФϳǰ̧ͷһ, ٻͷһס˽һĹţоȻӿһʧ䡣
Ǳ߿һۣɫҲǷȻڹסţѧ³֡д¾ѧϲϷ棬Ե٣˺ܶ, ˶ôһˡ
ؼҺ, ſ϶Ͳˡ
һµµʻ̨, ְİȺֹǿſͻؼҡ
˵Ѿ޹ˡ
Фڹ˵Ժ󻹸Եһ˴˵òѧ, 񱻰ֹߵġ˵Ц֮󣬶̾˿
֮ǰ, ɡ֮ŷ, ʵʲôҲǣȫǲݰԸļڹﲻֵһᣬǵĲѧ繫ߵˡ
Щ˶Ǵϻɡ
ûǷϡ
ĵĻص, Фȥ, ׵ĹͷȥүүͷΪ˷˺óһ·ڼҲ, ǵǰÿҪүү, ۣ·ȵĵط̫, Ҫߺóһ·, ɹִ̫硣
һȴ·˲, һգ۾ߵˡ
ǰֵ˺һűнȥ
үүŵӺͼмСӣܽͣɵ£ֽ飬ֳ³顣
ֽᣬʺСĺӡֽһľ빱Ȳϵģܻ滭³ֽ̨ʱһӿֳ໭ҡǰֻڱֻֽڰܻ´ﶬɽޣ
ֻƾһ㣬̨ʱФͼǵüгԣʺǴĪ
ʵҲǷ̨˵Ĺʶ
ʱǲֽ֪ǹ졣ֻΪ³˽ܵ飬дһ£Իʺ֮λźʡ
ѡ³ѡ֮ʲôͿأ
ڵֽ֪ǹġĿҲǵʺ󡪡
үүۣйһأ١
Фүүһ˵Ŀ⣬ͷ񣬼ѵ˵ʵѿڣҽ£ùۡ
үү⻰˵˼Щںޣ
ФҲûʲôܳϵģͷ˵ܵùһˣ޺
үү´һ飬ЦҰ׸Σ
Ұ׸ǳ衣ڷ̨µСһǰμģֹ칫ڱվŴҲſǰĻᣬ׸ҪôֻҪˣ˲¾ˣĶϼˡ
Ļ᲻ֹƤӺͼҪӣǣӦԣѧʶۣԲһ־Ͳܳͷ
׸칫ܿ˲ţﻤøƵıվʱФֻ󸽺͵ķݣ˵ҡ
Фͷֵˡ
үүЦ˵׸˲ţվڹҲһŪվȥվ
Фǵͨ죬Ҳӽˡڹõġ
ÿ˶Ըڼ£պഺַʽðΪľùע⵽ǡ
Ȼô˷üг˿Ҳᷢˣ
ѡĲһģ
ڹѾѧͨ³֣ҲѧɡѾʹˣʱȥԣֻҪͿֱȥι١дͬڵ֣ȥдͬձ֤˵ʵ٣ȱľ̹ٺ٣ֻҪŮ£ʺң˱ϵơ
;ȥƷһְˡ
ӵҲܲΪӻһȥɡ˵Ҫġ
Фүү˵ôֺˣ
ФҡҡͷֱͷҪȥμӹĿԡ
үүͷȥȥɡȻФҼûƾ˽ˡ
Ф⻰񱻴һƣͨͨĳˡ
صԼ󣬻¶Ҫȥ
ФҲ٣尲ˡƾԼһԣһߵһ
ѾЩϵİǿˣʮĽʳѵЩе
ӷ̨ųȥԶǻլ
һǰưܣڳ볯˵Ĳ£֮һڣĸȥĸȥ֧ɢ㡣
ӹңӲ֪ȥ
檵Ҳȫ֪䵽ȥˡҶûˣһôܻ
һԵľǽյĴš
ͻڿŷӣԴӽϿʼ˵ˣҾˣ;ͱȥһҾˡʮ͹ڻǰ޲
ۿҲЩȡ
ǻˡ
ңҲˣ
Ҵɨһ£ֹʹ͸žˣһ൱޴ʯ񣬵һͷԻ
﹧İʹӭ˽ȥͰһŵĹ㳡ϡ
ľҲǲļȫ͵ѧˣѺӽӻҲ
Ǹĸ֮ɵףǰҲɪгŮ춼û
ʵڳ֮ңѺӶߡĺԺ󲻿ٻص̨пܾһͨգˣԵӵܵĴˣŮֻܸӵҡ
Կټޣûκη
Ϊʲôô

ܾӣԼȥӻ˶ӺŮŮΪѾʮˣȥʱѾˡŮԸԸؼңŮԸ⣬ͰŮ˳ŮķҾȻһ·׷̨Ը֮ӭȢ֮Ů
˸ˣŮ˵ȥỤ̊ſ㿴ϲľȥ׷ԺǮԼŮ˳סɷͲˡ
Ů־ɬʱͱˣҲûȵʱͱ˴ˣס˲ͱˡ
ٻҲ벻ʱڼʲôˡ
ô˵ְֻͳȥĶԸӦ
ʲôŮԺˣԼ֮ģû
ﱾŮͶڼסϼ͵ȥڼﷴûһֱչ˺ӣȥһأӻǲϰ߼ûзɣԽԽη
˼еˣҲҲԭ
ֱӰѺͽ
ժǹмóϷڹߵȴñõöࡣ
ۿߵ˵٩Ҳ־塣СͯƵ۸Ҳûбͷ
ΪʲôǾôݡ
ţŮͶڼõĻ˹˵ڼЩ
ϾڼѾǰļˡ
Ϊ
һѼŮͽΪΪ澵½ճ־״
ʾǣȷʵôҹˡ
ıȽĸԸ˶ͽˣ򽪼Ͷˡ
ҲвϹġ
ϹˣҲܿɰ֮ȫؼ¹ϴŲˡ
ϲһԲϾͲ硣
ʱʩʱÿ˵ʺʾ衣
û취ġ
ȻЩ˱ŲѸٸ˶˹١
󽫾ͻһϽһɽ
ëѵ˾һְҲܿˡ
Լռ˵ȻԼŮһأҲ˵ǽ۾ǣǺ£û
춼˵ˣҲû˵ˡ
ëѵ֪ԥһ죬װˡ
׸翴Դˣ˵ϾŮˣڲˣʱܺòܣ
ȥ֮ǰŮڶʡˡֻܻŮˡ˵궼ûǣ¹Ҫ˸㡣
ÿͼһΣŮ
ë֪ǹΪʡǮټ־áܻðϰֻŮ
еԽܡ
ëû˵׸Ҳû
׸ãѾܽˣëѿܻҪһʱɡ
û£ľϰˡ


681 Ůӵ
쵽ˣ⣬صʳҲӿ˷̨ǵЦݡ
ķ̨ȥȣѾһˡڽð³ֵƣСӿгʫҲȫ˸Ůġ
УǰջңͻȻѳ׽ˡ
һ㣬л˵ִѹȥظ٣ˣ
һ¾ѹȥ󣬲˻ǶﶼŬǺϺġ
һ֮ġ󡢼ڡݵۡ
ܽһ¾ǿ԰Ȼһˣ˾ƢСϦ˵ءȻһģԿһ塣
Ȼػᰴʱķֻضˮ֡𡢳߲֡ȣȫעõġǻ³ϫһѭʮꡢʮꡢʮꡭϰôһء
ָϵһˣϵһһģҲʮһģаһġ
˵һֻһ꣬ǳ֪ж꣬Ծͬһ壬ǳҲ˸ΰҪη֮ģη
ѹȥؼǶ˴ѣ˺ܶʱΪ˳أԻŵǾͻðѾȥ
ֻˡ
һκ󣬾ù˻Ǻ˼ġƽеͬȻ󣬹˺ͽ˶Ƿ˵ģȻǶԼķʽȥн͡
ʵ˵˾ͱȹ˸Ƚ˭֪δʲôͬһȻأ
֮ڷ̨¶żա
Լ˱Χζ䡢ĺͻҲ⡣ʣµĹࡢҲӵ˲ﲨ
ǵϣѽؽԼ޹ˡͲˡ
ĺͻﶼѸԼӣֹһ
㡢ԵòǷ̨ˣ˶ܾȢޣȻ檻Ҫ˵ġ
ֲ檶ûҪ˵һֱû١
ĹŮˡд붼µˡ
۹͸ˡ
ʵеġɡԾŮӵһɺܿµۡҶ³ֵķԲͬŮӵû˷ԣǶʲôãʲôôʲôȱ㣬αȱݣøڷ
̨ºܿٿµĻᣬĻһʢɡµĻ⡣
ֲĻΧһǮ˼Ļ󣬰ĻмѾ˳ε¶͸˽
з֣֪ò˵Ǻܿӡɡҵ˶ԼĵطǾ̳ȨķΧ
ҵģҲС˽ġ
Ļ淨һǱ֤ӵϽһԴϡ
Ҳ˵һеĺڳܻö顢ѧϰĻ᣻һ֧ûжˣǹֵܵĺ̳С
˶ܽܵڶġ
ɡȷдˣŮӿ̲Ů֮ӡŮ̼֮ϣ֮ҵ
ζŴҲֹѡӣһĻ԰һŮ
Ϊʲôأ
ԼĶûأͱ̱˵Ķӣ֮һж
ýе벻û뵽ɡһڷ̨Ȼܻô׷
ͨ׸Ľ̸ʵΪ̨˼ȽԵʡ
۾ʵʲḻʱͬԿ˻ϲİ취ԼˣҲڼ˵ĸг󣬴Ѫ
̨ʵѾչԴ㹻ḻʼСʲ׼˲Ʋʼܵӵĳ׶ˡ
ƽʱڣֻͨҲᷢԼˣԼĺΪû취ԶֻҪǮĵ˻չˣƽ󲻳⡣
Ҳ˵Ƿս̨Χ콵֣еһЩ涨˾ò̫ҪԼȡġ㡱֮
˼ѿѸץסɡĵطʼ˼ӦԼϡ
ֹǳ׵˼û׵ģǳжӵģӡɡеõô
Ϊʲôأ
ôҵһ㣬Ϊʲôȥȡأ
һҪĻ£ǽͼ򵥶ˡ
ܿŮȥӵĹѸĸȳѾĸĳΪ˽Ѿɢȥĺ¾ۼһ±һһǶȹĿǰѹء
οŮܷܼͷ˰Ϊÿһֵȥһ
Ů̫ˣȫûܵκѾͳˡҿ˲ȣ׷׿ʼЧ¡
ȥˡɡɡεͷһ¾Ƽҵʮ߸ѸŮǴӻƼҶ˳
ЩѸջƣҲм޵Ƽҵϱʹܵӵ̣ĻСϼꡣ
һ⣬ǶûɷҲûŮ
ǰֻڻƼҹξͲ˵ˣΪ˵
ʵ˵ǶǮˡΪ޷ӣֻܼ£ͷա
иɩһˡ
ɩֵһ˫˳۵ˣϧֵһ纮ˡ
ɩûйټޣڻƼ̷˫ס
Ҳʮꡣ
ͶˣǶԺɩڻƼô
п֦ǶǻƼˣ˭ܱ֤Ƽ˶Ǻˣ۸ˡǽԺʲôϡ档
ɩĸĸҲȥˣˣɩӶûУԺӽ붼롣
˵䲻ģʱռ˰ɩļױˣǿˡռˣһŮȥﺰԩѵܵƼͷȥ
ڻƼˣҲֻϢҲû˵
֮ǰһֱȰ˵ɩټޡӶѡ֮һȻ޿϶ǲΪޣֻܵƫҡ˵ˣҸܱӻˡ
Ӻ֮˶ӦˣɩӦ˵޵ǻ赣ԺҲҪڻߣ˵Ӳ赣޸̫ˡ
ӱӳЦһͨҲЪġ
Ͼһ£Ӷûǡڶϻڣһ֧˵׻׵ģɵĳȥԺӾӼɩҲԶˡ
£̫࣬á
ȡɡһȻ˴ҵĿ⡣
ŮⲻͿԽɩ
лƼҺɩҵİڳһ㶼ѣʱҾ͵ݻ߶һڻƼһء
ŮһҶ١˹ѸҲиĸȥδŮӡȻǸԻ£ͥԺ֮УҲȱȨƵĶˡ
ӻؼҸ֮ͿƷ񻧹٣֮Ƚְ֮ƼŮǴ󿪷֮ţ֮׹ʾɼҵȡ
֮вˡ
æýŲմأһ͵Ůʱ
ð޴ͣе˼Ըʳͽͷڴ⣬Ǿ֪һһŮʱʳˡ
ƼҵȻҲˣһֶˡ
˵Ƽұեȥʳһʳеġ
ӻǰŮʱ֪ż٣һ죬ӺȥϹһ䡣̨ͻȻ˸˴ţΪй񡱣̨Ͻ깫磬һϯʱȥϯ
ҵڣ궼ûݣзݣ
ߺ󣬻ӵͷεģֱƮãȻͷֵֶĿⶼͬˡ
׽ȻȥүүȻȥүү
үүһôԺ󻹽ǰͷȥǰǰ
΢ЦſӣȻó⺢Ӳû뵽
úӣԺҪŬи
ӼĻ˵ˣصͷţãһģ


682 Ů
ո, Ӵ˽糯
֪ǲ߽˷̨һ֡ѶĸоȻһһ, ȴûôѪ, ų̂ʱĽ̼
һ֡аиСĶõϢڼ糾ĽʱȻĵӿһɡѡ
ΪʲôЩʵۻкڳɫȮˡھָоˡ
Ϊûսˡ
֮ĻȴÿһζԴﵽģÿһضµ, ֻҪһֱû˻е롣
뽪ҹƣʱʱǺҹʱʱ, ʱ˵
˲Լͬİһж뿪ˣֻԸܴʱ˿ֻ˵ʱ䡣
Ϊ̫ˡ
մ޹߳Ůĵ죬ȥ, ڳƳһ, Ȼм롪ڸ̨ϼƷ
ع֮ٷ⼸, ٴһϯ
ԽζҪȥġ
ǶԵеĻ֮ɫϰ, ǽȰϵı춼һŽ뽪ȥϴ϶вɫ, ϲҧָʮָҧۡ
䲻̫óַûͷûԵ, ûͷûԵĿ, ĲȫǺָ, 콻ûһƤˡ
µüҲýЩ
ڻ֧ˣɳƵЩʲôȤ
һȺ˶Цǿ·Ϻ·£һױһιԵ㶫
ʱҲʰˣղһֱͷʱÿλӣ§ᵽղ˵ʲô
Цӹ˵룬ԼһڣٰյߣҾ֪˵ҡ
Ц˵ʲô
䣺˵Ҹ첲Ŵ˵ûһ֣Ͱ
˵ѾЦˡ
öⲻ˵ģ
ֲЦ֣Ҳˣʱ˾˵ѹȥɡ
İ˳ȥ͵ϣڳϺȥ
ʲô˵
ڻһŹȥɡ
Ҳû֣¾һеǻųìǣҵڻġ
ԼҲᡣ
俴ǽסȥ
һۣ롣
͵ͷЦˡ
˵Χ£нϸ̨ߵʱҲ
ŮѾߵ񲻵ĵطе׶Ůˣкӵĸס
ԱģѾϰ߲¶ñ˷֮
ܾҪסΪ˼ɡ
ȻһҲҪ
Ҳ֪ʲô
ҪĶõĺе̫ˣҲ̫˼ˡ
ѵֻҪģ뵱Ůˣĺӣ
ʲôֵõĵط
绹ʲôҪò
ôġÿˣֻҪ룬ʲôʱ׾ٵĵõģֻҪҪͻȿֺ͸
ô
ʱÿһ˯ţÿһ̶ںµİˡ
ÿһλûб仯ܰġ
ÿһ׽ӡ˶Ůġ
ǰˡ
ǰ׶ˣȢȥӣһֱгһմ뿪һû֪ǵĵطԼӡߣôӦ׷ҪȥˣҪôֱġ
ҪҲʧȥĶ
Щͷˡ
Ϊô˾ͻʧȥһֱǱǿġǻ뿪˰ץסʤǰۿÿһµһ
ûӮûܵеù
ΧΧΪһ仰һ
ʵҲǡ
Ƕǡ
ͷȥ̲ס۽Ͽȴֻܿ߸̨һƬȹǡ
ֻվǰ棬ʵص
Ϊˣκһǰġ
Ǵ󽫾ĺͻﶼסϻˣһһһʱرԳơ
˻˭˭
ʱ̨ϵҲ˻˲ϡڴ󽫾Ŀǰûܼ˭д󽫾һͱٽУղŷų
˴һϯϺúõĸ󽫾׽
¿Щ˵Ц̫ںѾԼǸʲôˡΪܸõùԼ󽫾Ļ󽫾ķͷңҲ⳯еκһǣȢһС֮ŮȢΪӡ
ڻЩǣֻ²֮ͻᱻˡ
Ǳߣñֱ̬ȷʵ֮ǰҪһˡһμʱЩûЦһǸûϹսСëͷΪһξȡ˻ûϵս󣬵̥ˡ
ֻǻҪ񻨼ҡ
˵Ѿµļ岻ŰҲҪġøɾһ㣬ﷴܸɣҪٳͷҲס
ϧϵûܿ͸ġҲܡ
ļ壬ɵĵ׸̾ǰͶȻʱԺ󽨹ҵ˾Ϳü̧ͷԾʾˣԾΪܡ
Ѿ˱ǰĸߵĵطȴʹͷ
Ϊû
ţпܻ᷸пܻ̣пܻ￳ͷһվǶһܼӣһܴػ
ֻеʱǷĽûд̵ĳʤʱ˵ա
ŲĨҡ
ǰˡһǻģһǽ䡣
³ˣ³ӡ
ҲҰ֮ˡ
˶ǰ棬·

ȴò
֪һжǹİšҪҪ
ϲ䣬Ըһֽϴ󽫾֮λԸʮ۾͵УԸĺӡ
ϲĵĹ£ԸίΡ
޸УֻҪû֮ŷһ·
ﲻ֪ǴģỳǲŮ³ƫԶôĹģ
ϲģȴҷͷҡ
Ϊ֪
ںܶ˶һǳΪڳȻҶʱŴ㡱˳ȥ˶Ϊǹȥġ
û֪ʱͱˡƭУüסеıŶЩˡ
󼸴ãԼʲôʲô
еѾʱ˶дһϳʹҲù֪ġ
վ棬ֻվţˣǽİնˡ
඼ֹߣӽž˵дʵ۵̸衣ʲô־ǹ⻪ɣ볪ƿɢ֮Ķ׸绹һأöˣԼĵ׸ŷ롣
ƿɢ֮콵أľﳤʳϽӣӣӣⶼǻʵ۵ĳһ˵ĹҸϽ࿴ۣΪ˵ʵһͳһء
룬ⲻÿԽΪʲôһֻҪһҪûҼëĹ


683 Ʒ
ŮǰĴҲζһֿҪˡ
˵, ʱǸ̨͹ƷͺرʱˡеĳΪ, ҪϽһ׼ʱѶ͸ʵ, Ա⡣
ǮˣԼزƷһʶ֮֮ǰ֣ס
Ȼ, ֣ѾʧüˡӰ׸֪, ֣һʧΪ˱ʵҪ칫ֱӾúӹ׳Ϊ֣ӡ
ӹ֪³һֱûʲôضĹƷҪϹֵ֣ù, ³ûСĳһ³ѡ³Ů͸ʵ۵Իʵ۱µһƬġ
һ³ǽϵүүһĻʵ۾ǳĵ
֣Ʒ, 벻ԹҲزҪ׸ʵۣԾ
Թ˿ڷ̨൱
³һֱʲôʲôȻҲвʱ򣬵Ȼǹù, ҵǻʵһֱҲû³鷳
ڰ׸硢ëѺ͹һ, һǺЦ
ָŰϰڵļв˲Ϲˡ
һū֮, ܵ, ܰѺӹռΪ, ţ, ֲܲ¡ǹڻʵǲѾ˵ĴҲȥˡ
ʵ۵ûҶܹ, ֱֲ׵ѯʣֻ̽һ¡
Խ깱ƷһûУȫǿ޹
֮ǰҪɽʵʵˡ
Цųһ䡰ġйѴݵּ£ȵʱϯšʵۡŵѾͳȥдˣһֱû
Ҳš
Ͼɽʵʵӣʵۡɽϣȴתϣһ֧ɽѾн겻ϵˣϵԶˡ
ʵۡضġοǲǡʵ֪ۡء
һ˵ʵ۱ˣҲûд˵ɱ˻ʵۣԺ󣬷̨Ҳû˵ʵˡ
ʵۿǻš
ûš
׸ʣǲΣ
дһƪʵ۱ʹ¡
׸磺áݣǰɽϸˣ˼ӶԹˣΪ㲻Ӱˡ
ҲΪʲôν϶ɽϣ֧ȻͬմޣѾãͲˡ㲻ôݻΪɽµİӣǱֻҪӣͱɱˡ
ڵķ̨ӣ˭Ը
ëѺͰ׸Ϳ²ķЩϹһëѺͰ׸˵󣬰ӾͰǱڼǰ޴ϡ
֮С
ֽģ΢΢ƣ軭Է̨ΪĵĴĿںΧĳǳض챻ˡ
ӹȺȻĿ
ɽЩԶԶȴı档
ëѻ̫ף׸ĸǹ³ʱ·ߡëѾͶˡ
Ǵ·еĳȫϸһ飬һ㤣Ϊ³̨·߸պðѴֳϱߡȻĿǰĿȫϱǣԡκ
Ǹԡκĵط
ս
շϱǣԡκԺ󣬱߾սڱߴܽԡκһշ
ëĿڣؿڲ̫Ķĳˡ
ˣȴϣԼҪǵ칫̸۹³Ϊ칫³ࡢ֣԰ǹֱʣⲻ³֮һأ¡
ʱ⻰ˡɽ쿴ϵıעȻǹֱ̨ʱࡢ֣ٵ԰³أڷ̨ϣָκԲ˳
칫˵֮²бһ·˳£ҲԡʢѹµȨӦֻһǿߵС
ʷëѵȻҲ̨֪ϵĻʵ۲ֹһضջ
ֻǶûɹ
ڻɹȻҲ
´ڻУҲˡڸߵһ˵ҲȷʵûʲôȺ˳
ëͻȻƽˡ
йڣҪľͼһãҪȥָֻš
ǰĹࡢ׸һ
俴ֽϱעļǣ⼸ǣȥ
ЦЩ
ָ˵ĸġ塢ȻƵǸǱߣֽǡ
ӵײǷ̨ϵˣھЩͿˡ׸ǰǵָˣгǡǷǡǡ
⼸ǣΧļȫ
һ˵ʵ궼Ҫģһͬ֡
ȫɻʵԼûж
ʵۼλ칫ʮÿ綼Ƿ̨Լˣ档ñȽϽӦż̵볡ȯӹǱ߶ţûʸ񡱡
칫һ֣൱̧Ʒ񣬸úֻз̨ڵҲܲμӣ˶
ȻԭĿӦֻǷֹʵ۵ëȥ
˵ڷ̨ûʵۣδȣӦųֻ̂С档
Ȼڷ̨Ǹ˼Ҷţ˵ʱҲųֻ̂ϵˡ
һʼʹĶʱ˵ĻͷҪʵۿһѡ䲻ҡ
д󳼿޻ʵ۲˵ģҲлʵۿ޴󳼲˵ģⶼùߵֶΡڴ󳼿޻ʵ۲ˣЦһЦʵۿ޴󳼲ˣǴҾҪȰһȰˡ
ʷϱʵô޹㲻ޡˣöԶæǧһʵˡŴҪʾʵʵ۱ˣŲ᲻ʵأǰǶС
һԷϸĺûᣬԲ˭Ȱ
׸ԥһ󣬻ʣǺӹڴؿŽ
Ȼ롣ЦȻʱӹ͡ֵĺܣٻţżһζܴ̼ˡϻôʵ֮Ҳֻһţֻһ仰ƾغ׸緭һ£׸緭˵˵лᵱʵˣͻúöԴ㡭ֹ˵ʦ֡
Ⱳǲڷ̨ƾˣЦ׸Լŵúü˯ţʱһڵģܾ˼ʵˣùʺ
׸統ʱ;ֱǴ治ôȻ;ⲻù֪һ֪ˣƾͼô죿ʱסɴ಻
һߵ̬˵϶ǲģȻҲǿ϶ġ
ʾ䰮
ʰûдʯΪǰʱһЩˣʯġ
˵üֻͦõϻͳȥˣһֳɵĸ񣬰úúõȻַѿˣйͻȻУúõʰһʱ͸ء
ҲС
һ겻ˡ
ôÿ°ɡĸſԺ̸Ȼвô»ǿķѿαأ
Ҳ䲻ˡȥ˿ֳɵʯ͸񣬷ֿ治٣гһֶǸеġ
Ϊ򵥣Ҳܷ㣬мУĹ˼ˡ
кܶõĸͻ룬ùõĸһ֦ȻШһٶϼᣬȾɫܿһѴͦӡɷġ
վһڽӵĴǰѰӽ˵Ȼ͹ȥɡ
һãȻ
òһ£㿴һ˦ӷŮˣӣⲻһ֦߰
һڵϵˣӣǿľͷ
Ҫ˼ˣǾŮϿˡ
ù£׼ӹȥʱ򣬰׸˵ɫɫӹ£ٿĸڽӳɵȫµĿ⿴ӣҪҪѧһѧģӣ
ʦͽ֮ɰ׸ɫġ顱͵˺ӹȣ˵Ƕݵŭ𣬾ڵϵһ
칫˶Ժվ룬Ǳжˡ


684 Ůİ
ӹȽӲ̫ù
칫ĿǰǱοƤ, ƽӵĵطסԺһСͤ
˴Ƹ, н, ², ǰӣԱ߻Сңϴ
ɴ˿ɼӹϾסڴ˵ʱǺεȵĺݣһССͻµͤӶܽƯ
ٺÿ, ҲǸͤӡ칫ס֮, ΪȮè֮
칫ġࡱҲʵΪƼʱǴ岻ȥġҲҲѰ, ͨһЩѽ¡
ӹ, ٷϴˡӹĳǶػٵò, ҵ, ʧ, ƼҴǰ, ĥ
Ҳ㲻ص, Űȴ, ڳŰȻһһҪ, ӹĳѾ, ʹ˱칫Ϊصʮ, ҪǮҪҪˡ
ǿŪȥһ꣬˽꣬ʮľģ˵ûж׳ץ˸ַ֣꣬ǷգûֻǮˡǣǮ¡
ǮķϾǣǮ󲿷ֱ˽أֻһС͸š
Ӿˣ칫ҲܿҲֻһǴӹӣ¡
ᣬΪճȺŻᱻУΪӣȴûաΪƣƵĻءӿ˵ӹˣ֪״Ѿɱ˵ĳء
˵غļޣǵĸף˵ػɱǡ
칫óкȰȰͰˡ
ǡûû֡ΪʱûǰȢӣֻһڵĳںӹȵ˶֪Ϊ谮󣬻ĵ԰ġ
˾ͳˡ˽ӡԺնܱ
¶ǷǳѺãҲİæҲԺº׽ƺܳɹ˺¡
µѾԽԽˣ˾֮Ѿͷˡ
칫ֻһࡣ
ңƼҵƫˡ
ǰƼ㿿ľеľӣǽʮ̡
ȻҲûѾռȥ̫ˡѾü²̤Ӫµȫȥ
Ҳ֪ӪѾ˶ˡ
Ѿûʳˡ
ԭȺӹȵߺӹʱˣʱ˭ҲúӹȻȱÿӹȴʳҲҪȥģֻøѡ
صˣӹȸ˽صʳȫ߳ΪֽӹȸصжȫߣЩҪôɾūҪôͱȥˡ
ʱ𣬺ӹһң˲ֵˡ
Ⱥڷ̨ʱûжӵģߵʱ򻹰ѷ̨ˣ˹ֻݺ
Ǵӷ̨ԺһֱɵоϮţ칫ͻʵۣսһֱƴǰ·⼸СסͶԿоЩ˵нС
ʱΪ֣Ӻ޵ҧгݣ˺ӹȺ󣬸ǰصʮ˶Դһ˿֮顣
صɢؽܵҲܵۡ
ܵǣ˲١Ҳʱ䣬ʼ˴϶ҶʵۿŵģعŶѣ˼ʮ̫ƽûʲôͻԵú
Ƽһ죬Щ˱ûͷӬһ㣬ȴֲַһ󣬵ô֪һ㣺ɵߵˣռλþ͸ˡ
ǻּɵġǾеΪͷĽµıͱ˶ݻӪأеıӪı˶ʵǼƣûЩʿ˶Ҫβܼ¶֣Լռúô
Ҳǲ֪ʳԼǴˣóӪеʳж٣гŶáΪӶʮǵǮ֮ҲѸӦ԰취Ǿɱȥ
Ҳǳõֶ֮һɴ⣬ȥ֮ǰţʾ߱ʾлǡԸ⡱͸Ƕٶ֮곤棬ȴ֮̿󣬳Ҳ׼ʳ׼ˡ
вԸ⽻ҲûϵΧǾˣ˭ù˭ڴѹǵѹ£ֲܼ
οǴҲҪ˭
칫ԣΪҪǽܱ߳ǳأǸìܡ
˵Χһ³κ֣ƵΧ˭Ҳ˭С
˵Χĳʵ󡱰ΧֻǳȻĳɣʵҲࡣ
ƨĵúˬԸ칫˵ȥ
칫պҪʵ۵ģΪԺ룬ھӦðѻʵ۵Ŀʴȵ߸ˣһζɱ˷Żǻպ󵱻ʵɷġԺ̫볯Ϊ̫ѹΧǳص¶ô죿
Ȼ칫Ҳ˵һǶ۸Ĳ۸Ҫã۸۸Զһ
ҪԶһˡ
˵ʲôˡ
ͰѱɳȥˣýĲˣܴԶĳ򲻴
ȥ˸£ڵǻ˲ѹˣˣɲʡ
Լ⼸ɰɵȵЩ˶ˣɲˡ
ɳȥļ֧˵ˣ˴䣬˺ܶࡣ
ˣ˻ĶǸ
֪ǲΪ˼Լͬ˵ЩǶϸеĳǸͲʲôӣŵıҲұ
ŭ
ûŭ꣬˵Ҳ׼ǣûüôͱ˴ӱˣЩ˲֪ʲô·ͶǴ򣬴ЩǾ͸
ӱŭ
˵·𿴵˻ǻǱӸɱ
ؾǸ֡
˰صĸȥˡ
֮ȥ黨ǲĻš
ͻҾ˲٣֤һԣ֤ʵȷʵûģҲȷʵ׷Ƽɳȥļ֧ûûˣüǱͷǱΧˡҪ˵Ŀɹڣɱֻɱ˧ֻҪһͷ͹ˣ׷òòͶһƼҼҽǱɱĻǱͷⶼ˵ˡ
˵ⶼصҰģ϶ﰵжҪҺʶأΣѡ
ʱѾɱһ𣬵Ѿˣֻƴؼ
칫ǲֻҲûʱ˿̣˵ٶصĻֻ±˶δˡ
ҹֿҹ磬ǰȥ硣
ȥʱͿǾ޴Ļ棬ƻ죬նˡʹƣƼˮϡ
С˵־
칫ʰ׶ϣǰͱӭ˽ȥ
һţͿͥԺһ޴Ķֵֹģ߽һŷֺǸиǲ֪Ǵģôô滹Ϳᣬڻ֮µԵġ
Ѿˣ칫ǰԱһƼС¶һеšԱе˶һӡ
곣Уÿضǹ͸ʲôܰ˷һء
칫£һа׸ֵĹ£֮һŮΪòӢ۵ϲȻΪľİ¡
ǧƪһɣǹڽȵĻͦĵġ
칫ھĴ߷£ҡͷԣתͷȥǴŮġ
ǰغôʯʯûˡ
ҲʧȥȤ˰ɡ


685 ޵ĴѾˣ
ȻֻΪ͹ȥһ֪ʲôĸһ, 칫ȻҲ, ֮һֱǱ߽
һë, СѧĶǾӵһףнֹ, ´ҲһҪŲϴΪܱסȨԡ
ȴܲϴǫ, ϴĴͻʵ۲Ǻþ칫ϴԣԼ֪ΪλʵۡǸɵӡÿ춼ӵ󳼵ϵİǵӽ±ʵҪĽܵģȻܳҲûʵû취, ۾ͺϲճӵȡ, ˵, Ҳҿ, Ҷˣ
칫Сʦͽڣ칫Ҳǿһµ²֣Ρס, μװԼһǳǫĴǾʱѳӽһ𿪴, ѾҪôˣҲҪѳǽйװȡһ´ҵ, ҿԶмˡһ, Եô黳, , ҳԼװȡٽ޸ģͲǡˡ
ⶼεؾú棬Ҳհ졣
ԣĶ漰Ϲ㣬һ˶ټ˼顱
֮ǰȸǿСѰ֧֡
칫ǫΪ̶ܴϻᱻο
ûȶãڶ죬һϵȥϴ˸Ͱˡ
칫ϰ;ˣڣҲӲҪһϡ
칫ȥ˯ú㣬һĶʳҪ˵ⶦʳǲĺʺˣζḻ־󣬳ȥθ
һͿˣ˷һϣϻû侲
뿴칫ֹ֪ˣ˻̫֮Լ칫һֱϵģƽʱ
һͷӣԼ߶߲ȣʲô
ֱӰѰֹ͸ġšóˡ
칫ͿšдϵġѾЩɵ˿£жܿµľƣ˲ȥʱǺεȷ⡣
һ֮ղı͹ĵһͱڻˡ
칫˷ѹ˸ɾĽӣݴǹˣһһΪߣҲǧѹ̳ǽ˻ȻԼ޼ţȴ̨ĳǰ
˵֮Щţп϶йʹıֶΣҲδǹˣֻѣֻ󱻹ƭˣΪ빫³빫ŮӣȴҪռһƽ֡
ڿ־Ǹ˵ûΪԼǹˡ
¾֪ӵȫأ²òųҲһؼԱ԰˴ӲȴΪԷٰƣǧ
ǽ䣬԰۾Сµ˻䳸Ҳɡ
Ǻӣء칫Ҷԣͽ䶼ˣҲڸл
ΪϵĻʵΨһеĺӡ
칫ڡʵ̺ۡ³ˡڹôأǸȴӲǰգֻһһ̻ʵۡҲΪ³˵ԵʶΣʵȫƾһȥأγδŭûվڳһߡ
ⲻڻʵʵһֱڹ
һ˳ʵۣԻʵ۽̵֤Ǿû˸˺ˡ
һҲһ߰ѹŸˣ׽Ӧһˣдü飬е൱
дĿǰ̨µ˹ţţֻ꣬絽̨Щ˶ɱˣȹ
Ȼд̨ûʳˣĹƷöǶϽˣ̨ϵûͷӬһֺֽ¡
˵Щ˿ܶǷģΪҲСģͰѹʱ͵һˣǲϽ˰ϹĳǺҡ
칫ͶˣڴɱӺ
պҲɵ£ʦԥ
칫֪ôһ֮ˡ
̾дһŮ޺ӡ
ͬУ˿ջӵḧ˿Ử΢·Ůӣڳ̻
Ҹ
칫
濴һۣĿս䡣յʱԳ飬ȴһղһաһֱٴɫᡰġô죬ǳ칫Ԥ֮С
ֻͿѳˣںµ̫Ӷ첻Ҫˡ
պù
ˣΪΣ
칫Ȼ˵ã
Ϊʲôá
ȣе㲻̫ȵһȱʿЩ䣬Ȩ̫һ°ѴŽᵽһôڵ衣
ԣȥһһСĳǣˣˣҲˣҲԳûշˣЩ̫̫ͷĶɵѡĵ˳
ɲ
칫˵ڶɡ滹Ϊλڳȥʵ۴̣ʵ۽ѵЩϽ˰Ϲ˲ǸպԵǻʵ۵ҳ
Ҳܺá
칫˵˵ɡʵ˶ˣֳܱǿǲӢͶպҪʵ۵ĻҲ֧ġ
ѾѪˣ
칫ֵڷ̨ܾЩС˵ί湫һعǧ֮⣬Ҳػе۵ġҪˣǱ߿϶ġ
ˣ˵ˣһ̵Ȳˣ͵㽫ˡ
ֹ˽£ڷ̨˵˺ӹΪܣȻǸˣگٳʥּ֣ƭź󣬽ǶһգΪ´
ٳǣ޷̵óʥּҲеǰǳŵ˵ǻʵۣеľʥּ
ڽ֪ǰԺӹΪԲ㣬ԶĳǼѾ֪ĶС
ε·Ƿ̨ߵϢһ
ҲӦ̨Ѿȫ롱ˣҲѾ̨ܷˣǿʼ£ͬˣ
ϾǴҵͷ󻼰
Ц˵һ̨ﵹǿԻһչˡ
ͷȰ񡣰սô
֮󣬺⣬ּӽһﵾ
һϲֻͨܵͷܸ˰ָܻô졣
˵ҲΪһĶӣǲŷԼֿһ㣬Ҳġ
˵˰ҲɱΪūҪץôˣֱץɡ
ڸôɵȫңãѾȺܾˣ
Ҳ³ߵˣ׼ˡ͵ء


686 Լ·ñ·
컹û, ʹӵ, һߴŹǷһߣԶ߻һƬ, ׯ˼Ѿ˿̡
ûнеܵܺԼһųͷھӼȥھӼҵкԷ, ڼŷ£ѾϷȥˣԻȥԣҲʢ, ȥԣ֪糤ôˡ
һôһֵʢʳһ˵ݹŮ, һܺúõģ
ǰŮ, ˻ôأұǼҺòڷ̨Сׯﰲ, ҲÿʼŮˡ
ҲŮܱǣһܺúõĳ
Ϳ첽, ѾΧȥĴ񣬴֮ǰĺ, ڶͬ, ھ, ʱһҲ
˴к, ·
ûߵؾﴫľЦһһܣǾͿʼ󺰣ˣ
û
û
еŮٶˣΧΧ־ϲⲻġ
峤ϰ˼кңǸȥŮŮȥˮճȱˮ
˷ֳҪߣһͻȻǰղŴӳſڹŸʾ˵˽¼룬һֻܼһ񣬼һ档ǽѾˣټҪģ
һ˵˶վסˡڼÿ춼һ˰ֱͷ߶ǰ࣬ùģ˵ǷˡķҲ廨ţзŹޡŹӣƭ˵İգдŹ˵ͽ˵⻹ĲǮס˻Ҫȥɿۣ·ʯȫҪɣĺӹн˶Ǵͷģ˵ûŻ
ֵҪʲô۵ʱ򣬽ϵС͵ˣԸȱƢЦӭˣ±ץȥۡ
峤һҲԥˣŮðܼҹ߶ǰյǷ˰ɣŮ˵üǾͱˡǴ峤ʹȫȥŮ˸ͷлһͻˡ
ȥ·ϾͷȥŮ˸࣬ǸˣһʣĶúˣЩֵĲ˺ͻƶչһˡ
·ϣǶûֻƶҲһڼװʳҲǿյˡ
ǻȥ󣬴Ǿڷǰݺ󣬵·ԣҵĿյȫˣҲǿ쳤յĸֲ˺ͻƶ
ˣȻǲ̫꣬ûôɹˣڵˮҲûô׸ˣҲøʮҪһˡ
ˮ½ÿ춼ڿˮأϲؿŵԽԽߣȻ죬㣬ʱأǾϼ죬ôȵӽ룬Ҳ͵ʳ
׵ڲŻؼңһؼҾͼ͵ܵܶǼˡΪʡڴﶼھǷֳһҰʣµ˼ҾܶȥĻˡ
˵ȥˮ
ܵܺˣ磬ղ̫̫ˣ˵ǼҴӦˣһȥң
ʱˣվԥֽŵ˵ǣԸԸ⣿ҪԸ⡭
Ǵһͦر˼ңһֻŮˡǺӹģ˵ǰҲͦһֵ岮վʮˣϧҵһûŹȫץˡ
ĹϱҲץˡ
̫̫ʹżʣµϱ͹ˣǴӺӹӵ̨ʮˣֻʣĸֶ̫̫ϱһŮ
̫̫ŮһĶʳ²ֵأĸŮʡŵҲ
Ľ
ȴû˸ȥҵ鷳ΪɡһǿԴСˣŮԼһҪȥˡ
Ҿ˵ֻҪŮȥˣǷ֮䣬޸ɶȰѷץˣ˻֤ԷŹޣ޵ԭԭɷɷ򶼻ᱻ治
˵ΪŮŮˣڸŮˡ
Ҳ˵ʵǹٸıٸǿո״׬ǮģһﱻҵģѵӦʵǹٸȱǮˣ
ô˵ȻһҶŮˣڴȴô۸
Ϊ֮⣬ҳ̫̫Ů˶أ
ܵ˵±̫̫Ůõġ
Ҫ˵ף̫̫ӴѡĵܵܡΪҲǶ˼ңĵʱһҽҩȥҲǷǳڣ޵׻ûȥӰڷǰ®գʳˮѾȥˣɢ棬޷ɥھ˵Ҫһɥ
أ̫̫Ϳˡ
˵ףȻܲӦ
ֻһܸܵˣһѹԼûӡӵ£ԸԸ⹲ޡ
ڸҲձ飬жŮ٣ֻˡŮһżңһңҲģȻü޽ңŮӼҡһһ޶ιӣֻǫˡ
ʱһֵܣܺùˡ
ҲԼĸ磬ȻɬҲӦֻǵҲԸ⡣
˵ȥһʣҲԸͻȥԸ⣬Ҳһ׮¡
ܵͬȥ˵ҪŸ׼š
˵˵ֻҪܣԸ⡣ǵң¶ҪģԸⲻǿ
ͷʲôǿ϶ǿ
˵ǰҪȥ٣Ҫȥںˡ
޵˼ңΪ֮粻޸٣ٲԻ޹̡ܽ
ҵϢʱ˻ˡ㿪һ;ƣһ˺˰ͣ׸߸裬ǿº˰ϣᡣ
ʮ죬߸˵ĺھһ͵ңǣҪӣ۰˺ӣֵܣطֱ˴ˣҪһƫһһҲҪⰮ鱾û취ǿģʱͻؼڼءҪú
һ޶ҲȥŮ޺ڽǣӡ
ñΪ˼жЩпŴӦжţߴӽźȴֺ磬ˣɷ˳ڰŮʱŮŮɫܹɷ򶼰
֪ǲŮ˴Ůһֱܵģֵܶ˻ǫãᣬˣ˶϶࣬ÿʱҪÿĲźá
£þУֵܶ˶׽޷˭ĺӣڶ꺢أȻѹޣԴ޼һˡ
̨˺Ϣ＾Ժ󶼼ӽ֣ȫǰջˣûջİҲǳ᲼סأߴ𣬱ů
㿿ַʽڶҲҪˡ
Ŀɿڴ𣿡
Ҳ֪׸緭˵伮˵ǰҲаֻӦǿеġ
ĻҲй𣿿Խй
ֵּģʱ˿Ϊְֻ֧ˡ
ΪūһЩ䣬ϳ˰ɡ
Ҫһѹߣ˶Խ׳һձҪΪܻܱҪܹԿҵ
㵽ڻԥʱ̲סȰǲҪɱˣǽǮɡ
ﵽײ³¼ķԣԹ
ЦˡҴǰڶ·ֻƫֻƫ·ߵ£û˸ҷԣܴƫ߻ȥѵƾĵϻʵ
ܵġ
ֻ÷̨µ˼סҷΡ
ë֪Ϣҹ˯ž
׸ѰȥһȦ˶ɳˡ
˲ξᣬûȥȰ湫ջس
ǣǵ֪ЩڱѺʱΪֻ̣ǱѹڵʱΪֻ̻̣Ѿܴˡ
Χ۵˶ô롣
ֱ¡
һ֮󣬷̨ǰ˼ʮԾʬס
Ҳӳ̨
ֹӽݱ˲б޵¡ͬʱ̨øˡ
Ϊӹءءһսطۼļҵİòɿ
ʬȳɽ
Ѫɺӡ


687 ɽ޳
Фұ۾, ֮Ͳ˯˾齱, һ㶫ͻ³ݵñ³, ǸʮһС輿ˣС輿Ϊ̬ӯԲ, һݾһѸɹͷ, Ҫӡ
һε, ˭û뵽ô֡
칫, ƹ, ̨µұȴµѻҪ, ЩҲһ֮ġ
ֹһŮĻʵ۸Ƿɡ
ʹλֻҪͷûĴϻʹ, ûļʥ˳Ϊ, һʵ㲻ʲô̫¡Իû, ʱʱ, ˽ԷӰͱˡ
, ĵ˻ʵ, ѵÿ𣿻Ҫ, ȣ
ФеҲôġФԼΪϹһص, ٶ԰ֹһ־֮, ڼﳣ氲ֹ˵, ֹһ˵¹ǸŮӣҲԶʤ¡Ļ
ȷʵǸɵӻʵȣֹȷʵԵͷԶˡ
֮ǰֹ֡ȻЩ֣ºФΪ׵һӵȴΪ٣㱻УҲֻһηţûҡ󡱰
һһؼ䣬˶ðֹ绹Ǻеġ
һεôأ
̨ꡰ**ҶһЩ𺦣ǮƻȨǶЧ졢״˼ҸҪǮ˵֧֣İһȺȮ֣
³ɣʲôôܹܵǣ
ФΪڡšФҲֱФ֣ȫи׹ʾ졣ФԼҲ֪ӽҵһЩ£˼ǧūռһЩء
ǰǼڳҲһЩǾεºǲžԼĲ̨ٴȱǮԶˮѽʣԼиá
ֻµʱФͻȻӵҪ񻧵
Ҳûʲôֻһ壬֮ڣϽڵİ̫࣬ٵĶҪ
嵥ǳǩƵģФ鵽һӾһ״޶УȻΪūҲС
ФҴҵãҲһʲôˣҼǡˡܿҵϵ˵ФԷģһ˻ڣҲҪڣһ֩е˶桰ѡ£ԼҲᱻѡά
ФΪ˲ΪūһϵĿ̫ˣò˼ΪšΪǰվ֣̫࣬Ҳע⡣
հһдȥõС֮ǰȥ˶ȥģͻȻǵôȥô࣬ǰľͶԲˡ
ƶĶˣе֮ǰܲһģѧ³־Ͳһְ
ФǰûЩ˷ڵѣæĵ伮ŷֹȻ
ֻܷ취ȴҲ벻õİ취ˡۼһձƽýͷöæȥϽڵģ֪ҲüΪ˵İ취æѴ˼ãҲ޿κΣʱԽԽ˾ȻֱӸ没ˡ
ФһߵԼ£һߵҪĵ⣬ͷһ鷳
ӿΪѣŸңūȫŵϽµǼΪ
ҪĵҲǰ취İ취˴ԭĹԱ
Ǳ߲֪ǲǲĻû˵
ɺûգʱФһ𱻹ؽ̨һһ³֣һ𵱹٣һŮϱ뵽˲ٶץˣǣְ
ҶæǮ׼ˣһؿɲǱڴȻÿֻһϡȣҵʱ鷴С
һȴû𣬸ձؽȥвˡ
Ϊû˹ؽΣȦһأͰӽȦйѺ·
ѾܴˣʱȦеġˡȥΪ˵̷˵ǰֹǡ
۵ʵۼҵ˶ϲʱʱóӿģ˳ӵĲ㣬Ҳֻ
ֹͬԭֻһ³Ѱ̨̨ܵµ˶ǶСģ
»Ѿˣ³ʮڣҲֻ㣬˵ֹᶯɱ档
ԴҶһѷӿȥƼҡëҡҵȵأֹ
ƼҼëѵĳȥ̨丸ȴ˵ëֲˣӶˡȥҵ˽롱һ°׸칫ӣŶ
һҲֻĻֵطйһ¡
Щ˾ôš
ФͻӶӹһ١Фǿ޾ԭϽôǲˣӴһʼֻŮ£һ鵽ȥ񻧣ûӵĵˡ׵һӾֱӸ٣ڼ̺һֱ㵽ڡ
ЩҲϵţ޲ߡ
Ӷ˵Ҿá跢֮ŭ
ǻĿһذֹЦ÷̨µ˶ˣʱ
֪˻ǧͷɰֹѵ᲻ֻеȥͷ˾
ԼᱻɰӣһֱѹŻӺƼˡڿǹһһɨȥһȺȡʤ
ӵ˵ФؼҺӲˣһòܣһֺġ
ǵǱڵʱһŵļʿǺεȵѪڵжÿޣǶΪ
ʱ;ãҪɱǣЩʿҲǲԥġ
ФŶҳˣÿһ춼˵ǸȦֹؽȥʲôˣһҵģЩһ鶼ûá
ФФΪӹһ٣òͣҪҪȥһλ󽫾ͻʶأ飬˵ã
˭֪ҡͷ̾ĳգ
Ф֪֮ǰвȥҪ뻨һֹѹɻȥյ칫ǶԸģ
תͷظ˹һǣĲ˼Ҷǵʱȥˡ
Фˡǲǻĳã˽⹫ԸĻ
ڻƼҲһ£ӶФ˵еģǽһҪͷġ
ڼ˵ǣѲɻﷴҪһȺȮ֮Ϊ𣿡
Ȼ˵ЩְֱƭΪūﲢ
ڵһ죬ǱѺ³̵г棬һȺһȺ׵һһűƳȥͷ
һ죬̨һ
Фǵͣ׷ʴˣֵܣĸ׶û취οˡ
𣿡
𣿡
ȫͷ𣿡
һֱƻ裬·ĿΪǷȴ˺Ůǽʹޣ֪ġ
ЩͷˣڿԻؼˡ
ǵļˡ޶һ·ţǴ˼ҡ
ҪжˣôĿ
ФҹﶼĿ
˵ڶ죬һ۾ܿƮİᦣ˵ɥţ׹ˣФʶ֮ˣвͬꡢͬѣ
ФҲұ۾Բ¶ʱΪҲһ𱻿ͷ
Ϊʲô
󣬴ûгһգڣȴ֮ǡ
Фҿʼ˼ĴŮ»ᱻ£׷һҪǡ
Фӣ
ӵͷ˵Ҿ尲ֹΪŮôķˣЩҸҵļҵĺӡھһͷͻȻðͻȷԼλպһƬɽ֮ٻɡ
ڣǱҪ뿪ˡ


688 ҵҵģĻҵ
ǵȻߡԵ¹뿪˵
ʮ, ִֻˣӵֶ˼Ͼʮˣ˵Ӷʮ꣬Ҳˡ
Ķ, ʱĶû, ˭ʮĵҲ÷ˡ
յӣô, Ӷûռ, ĵĸһûС
õ̡
ӹͷͷ̧
˶ΪƹƢӲ磬ڼһˡڻƼȴڻƼ, ĻʥּΪƼĳ, ˵һ, ٶСǽͣҶͷǴ
ӲֹһԹ۹үүүү
ԼĵǺٱүү, үүȥˡԼҲֻ׵
ʱ;үүȻƢ̫ãǺܽġ
£, ҲҾܾҲ, үүǰľͲǻƼеˡ
Ƕڡ
үүǹһ죬ûû, үүԼгк, д, ͦϲС鶺Ȥ
ϣүүŸǣƼҲߡ
һԺӵ͹ûˡ
ӷԼֻϽЪţ֪ƼҲ߾ˣô
һ̨һʱӶǰ죬Ҳ磬ɭɭġ
ԶǵľֵͦġȻǲҲǱȥżȥǹһгСĺ˵ðŴƨɵķա
Ѿǵʱȥļᣬʫʣͬ裬ĸо̨˻Ƽ֮⣬ÿһҶˡ
Ȼûôࡣ
ÿ֡ÿһϰˡ
ƼҲˣΪƼвǣȥԴġˣתĹþˣ֪ô۵ı壬һΪ˶Ծıĸ
˵ЩݣһʶеĿǼģ벻
Զˡ¾סһܸ֣̫ˣͻָԶ׽ݶΨƼհƼҲǾİѻȥģӶƵ£ƼһֶûմƼҵմֵģƼҸȥˡ
ȴûƼ⡣
ôˣôأ
ԼŹİ˿ˡүү˵ɱǲҪ·Щ飬ûáΪûлùϧɻˡ
Ƽ͹ˣ
ôƼңƼôܲأ
겻ɵõһݡ
ڣЩ˿϶
ǽƻ
ȻһҲ˰ֹ³¼³³ֶ֮󣬰ֹͷǳˡ
³Ϊǰеǰȫɱˣ׸ûŹ
Ǹӣֻͱ˷ҰıˡԽΣһֱڻΪŮ˶С
ԷģʱգҪǸݶŹ
ݻ᲻֪Ůʲô
֪ǺԷ̨ʲôж·Ŷ㵽ӹȥˣ߻ȫҸߣ
ǻҲôѡһɽͻһǼȮı߸ӦһĿȻ
궼еڣˡʮ꣬һܸķֹĲ֮
ҲԴŻƼҶ㿪˽ˡ
ȴС
»Ƽһ֮ȴһʣµÿһܴ
ԣѹż˲Щ鱼ߣΪϧһδθΪʲôȥ
ѵɵ𣿣
ΪʲôûƹĴȥЩˡ
ΪҪȱȺɵɵӣ
һ˵ȳˣһñֹץɱӺľǻƼˣ
ȫЩˣһ죬ȫ𣿣
ڣҪЩ˽ΪʲôǻƼҲߡ
Ϊµ˲ܣ˲ܣƼұûһܾдˣ
ƼҵǱ˸Ѫͷֱ֮ѹڻͥԺһҹ뿪үүû˵û˵ߣûһվߡ
һվվֱܲˡ
ֻҹͣЪĳ޺ѻƼҴŽţӶš
̨
ߣ
Ц˵ճλӸá
Աֻܸ͡ǰЩռλӵѾе㰭ˣĹ֮ҲԶһˡ
ҪЩԼӡ֮󣬾ʡˡ
ŵ¹ڴû˵ࡣ
λ칫칫˵Ҫģʱ̨ҲѾϰûةˡ
˸ھǲҪһ
³ʱԹΪΪ˽ҲΪٶȽƶοƣֻҪɾġ
ڻɷ̨̨ʱִͬ
Ϊ̨ʱаվƣԲǽǹȨʱ׵˰е༸գԽʱз룬ʱз롢
̨ûаճ⣬ⶼҪ䵱ʱĿʵһĹŶ⵽ƫԶȥˡ
֮
ס
Է̨Ȩ칫ߵҲһ·ߣֱӰѳ֮˶ˡ
յ̨ʱʶȻ칫Ȩʱ
칫ǳԳƽ֮ĶԿðֱӸɲˣ
Ȼǣϳѳܣͨ˳Ȩ칫
Ǿ
һ󳼵һ֣ȰѾɵþȨȥɵǸ󳼡
ʱôɵʱرһ칫ô˸ôɵģ
Ȼʱɵİ취Ƿȫµ

ҪˣΪʲôȫµ칫أ
ΪȽϺ칫Ƚ
ǣҲֻܼһ·ˡһú칫һá
û취ҲҪѭͳ~
ģλôӷ˴󽫾ûз̫ξҲĿǰߵľְˡ
Ȼڻܸߣڷ̨ơܶ£ӻԺ̽Լеıֻױÿ춼ȥĽƨܵشȥˡ
ıɳȥΧٸɨһ飬̨ǰӦѾ䵽ˣΧмСǣû˵ȥܣûȥŰ졣
˾˸߲ҵȥˣͷʲô̿ɴС
Ҳܸˣÿ԰ѻõ֪ĶǲǸһƢ
ë˾һְʡˣһְԺˡٷйصĻǼ컹Ǽ棬йصһУ˵㡣
ҴеľôһʣµľˣĿǰ˾͹ˡ
Ϊϵңǰգ̡ϸ֮֡͹ܡ
ұȰƵĵطǵǻ봫Уһ㡣һһΪ֮أϢչ׳ֻҪûͳΣ˳Ҳǿġ
ԣ̨ڵҴɲغ£ϲǵȽֻ֮ȻȨ̬رûǾȥõʱ
ֶֻܰˡ


689 ֮
춬, ̨ûѩ
ȻҲѩ, 겻ͬ, һ, ëѾͷ죬ѩ
үר˶ŸɣĶ, ֻô죬ʱ򴩼¾ˡ
ȿ絽, ëѾ͹˲ѩˣݸ, Ĵ󺵡
Ҫӹ, ë, ɫ㲣˶˲٣̾һ£ȥ빨, һͬ
жʱ䣬ȸ˵˵̨ô𣿡ʡ
йëͰмǲõĺݶˣʱ꣬ʹ͵, ˵һҲΪ뵽, ̲ס, ʵҲס᲻ʱ˸۽ԣһ⣬ڿõġ
ʲô
ëѣ۶Ǩ
ʱëڽ¡
ʱѾƣ󺵣۽룬˸
˵ǲӵ˵޷۽ҪÿһǮǹˡ
˵ǻħҲ۴սħ񻰴˵ڿӦȲȥЩĳǶˡٲ򣬵λ͸ˡˣ͵ԴͿɲǺ¡󺵼Ӵսôͱƣ֧Ųסˡ
Ǩڵʱ۾ܾˡ
˴ǰ¶û˼ɻ䣬˷ʿһֱ뷨ëѵ˼ԭЩû¸ɵҹΰͱֻܿǸܻӭĻ⣬߰ǰڣд˲ƪ£ӼʵǨôɵʵ۵⣬ȰѴʵҪȢĹɱˣ֮Ƕϴ˵ĸַԱôͼȥ
ۣΪʱʼЧġʱ̨Ǩˮ֮أǱҪġ
ëѲŻһʼǨҲ˺ʵĵطӹȡ
ͻȻЦˣϺꡣ
˶ָ֪˭
ëѴʱ칫
ҲǳûĻĿҪڷ̨סʮ꣬Ҳ֪ӹȵλжˣǵʱܵӹȥ·ϾҪ
ֻ̫֪̫١칫ռ֮ʤһ
û󺵣֪ӹжҪ϶ռ
ȻǸǨĺõط
ɫͺܲÿˡ購һЦ֮ػộ칫ػģı㹫ˡ
²˵һ仰ضһ񣬶֪˴Ѳ칫
룬Խֳ칫
룬칫ܾˡ
ëѼˣЦ˾ˣŭɫȴֻǱһɫָ̻ˣʲôҲû֡
ϵĺëȴˡ
˵񣬲ûӦ
ʱûзӦֻ˵Ѿ¶ġ
ܲԸ칫ΪѣѾԻ
ʱ㱱Ǩ˵
ëϻҪȰڰ֣˵ʱ鵽˲ʰĵز߻Ҫߡڲߣߣ¶һ˿һҪߵ˼
˵ڰǸոհٸǣֹҲҪܣǾˡ
ëѻһæ£޴⣡
æˡûô˼
ëҲȥ˷
ëҲ˵ˣһɫֱ࣬ð亹û취ðӰͻȥ
ëһߣľͶˡ
һЦҲɫȿڣʢշ˼ģָտɴ
ǰǼʮͷһ䣬ëѶˡǰɱ̨ϵңǾɱɱˡ
ȳʱǧˡһͨķӺһ̵ķӣԶǰ߸ֲ
֪˶ôңһ档
ղ˻ڼȻ˵˹ǲ˺ӹ
ӲϹ˵ģȻûѩһֱͣǴɹ˶һ춼ûЪ˴
Ϊйϵ³Ǵ³ط³ص֣ȥȱصֳû죬ȱˮ£ȷ̨صĵָ׳ɻ
ϲǣ̨İºܳʱûֹˣı³ذոֵأǰ³ͱصֽм֣˵ˮ˵ǰƵ£ֵȵ꣬ĹɵĿֲܻԣǻĻǳֳ滨Ĵܽ滨Ļ͹̶ˡ
˵˰죬õеڽӣһϲֻͨļǾȻȻȻ֡
Ȼ̨İ֣Ѿǵıܣĳʶˡ
Եڣ̨µİǲ˵Ը㣬Ѿûٶˡʱ׳£ƫƫû¡Ҹȥ׵ķ޵ڶ˺Ϣȴֲǰͷ˰ǵһһøˡ
ǶŮĹ򣬶Ϊֹˣǲкӹ
֮ǰͷӵܣڱͷǰڳг⳪ʮ죬˵ǹ˶ã˶áʱ䳤ˣҲ񼫡
кܶ඼Щ˴Ů䲼ķɣԻÿͷ
ƭΪūӶƣǲʲôǾЩ˷űͷ
ҲһľŤתǰһȨ׼ҪǰҲ鵽һȥԺֻоˡ
ѾĿʲô˵ûôѡ
һգ뿪֮ȥëѡ
ʱëѺͰ׸ԡ
⼸춼һ빫ҵֶΣΪʲôôǿƲס۾һϾͺ£Ҳ˯ֻ۾˵˵
һ㣬˶ȷǾǹԷ̨û⡣
Ϊʲôû⣿
ѵҪ֧
˵ͨġ
ѧϰ³֣мʮЩҲ֧ϵλ
Ҫ뵱ʵۣ϶Ҫҵֵ֧ġ
ëĵ·ȡ÷̨ҵ֧֣û֧ţǷǳշġշ˷̨֮շǵң²õǵֻ֧֣Ҫû˹ȻԾУͿԵǻˡ
Ҹˡ⼸ʮͷȥ֧ˡ
ëѱΪ֮Ầɱû뵽Ȼôˣ
ʲô²Żšˡ뿪أ
ǾҪɱʱ
ֹǶû⣬ΪС
Ϊʲô˵ͨ
׸֣ΪԼ·պԼˣ繨֮
Ҳ˵ͨ
³ƫԶСô˲ſ
治ëС³³ܳһѾңܲ³˶ӢŰɣ
οҲù˶ӣҪ³Ϊ٣ޣôǹ£
ðˡ˽Ϊ񣺡֡
˶һ漴ڹеȫ³ˣΪ̸ǲߣʹֱܳ룬ûб˷
ǰδǲмܾ֮˽̸Ϊζأ
û£Ϊ˱⣬Ȼ߽ˣǿԵȡˡ
վ˵Ϊë˶ȰοˣΪڵǰʧԶģȴС˴빫ӵ̸λԹŲòڣ¡
ë׸һۣöزˣ¸á
ë빨
ʩһ񣬵ңֵû£Ҳϯ
û˵ʲôϻֱԵëˣڵǰʵûй㡣Ȼöԣദ˾֪һԻһжǺޣͬڹ£Ϊͣڹֻо벻˶ѣƷ¡Ը񡢼ϲõȣԹԶҪ
ë⻰Ȼ˵ţʲôˣԻжϡǹ˵Ҳȡš
Ź滹ǳлл
ЦлպˡĿԶЩСӲ
⻰ëѵšһͼıһٲ
֪ǰ˶ûٺøУҲﻨ̫ʱ䣬˵ʲǲ⹫ΪΪС
ëѵͷԹΪı֧׾١ԹĲ˵շֻʱϵ¡ʱ䶼Ը⻨
¶һ˵ЦݵЦһ׮¡깫ǲͱ߳ǣҵʱԹΪ󣬻ı㹫κԡ
ë׸綼ĿŹ㣬ǼʶĹѾˣ⻹û˵ʱǰ˾ȻıΪʲôܳΪ߽أ
㣺软֮ػ̨ʮղڹ̨֮֮֡Ƶİһ
ﰲ࣬ƺˡ
ëѺͰ׸羲š
˵£㶼һӵˡ
δ̫ӡʱ󽫾δΪ˽Ϊ̫ӣ԰նΪ̫ʦٺ깨̨աȴ󽫾ʱƽ⳯˻սͷҰȮ֮ѵ۾Էס
ëѴʱͻȻ̨ϵϵǺ깨ϵʱǹ
ںδ
ƽڹУ֮
̣
˵Ŀϵɨ㣬ͻȻɫ䡣
ȻˣëѵˡҪţֲҲš
׸ɫˣ¿϶ֻ빫֪ڸǡԺǴ˳ȥô죡
Ĵ¹ΪʲôҪ˵
ѵǾǶҲǸ
ϵǣ㾹Ȼ޹ԹǶġ
Ϊʲô
˵Ź㣬ͳ
㿴˵ȷʵǳĮ
ܹѻһչ˵
ëѺͰ׸ڸһ仰˵ˡ
ɨӹˣ˵˲֮ţͨ쳹أǧδ֮ˡʿ˹£ǲž㲻䡣֮ţǿԱģպ֤ͳޣҵֻ¼ɡ
⻰ѾǺֱˡ
ëѺͰ׸綼ˡ
Ƕţ
ëվѵպ¡
Цǰ飬ǣ֮£ͻ֮գ
ҹëѺͰ׸Ȼ˯šߺԲ£Ҳû˵ˡΪ˶֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Ϊʲôǣ׸ɳƵǡԡ𣿡
Ҫǡȥҹȥë۾˵Ҫô
ֻҪҷԹҷš
ǵҲҪˡ
ǡ׸û˵ȥ
Ҫ
ëû˵
˶֪˶Էѡ
ãڰ˾ĳһ
ëѷ˸˯ɣջҪҪء
˶۾װѾ˯ˡ


690 
ڶ, ëѺͰ׸ˡ
˲, Ȼ˵ؼ, ǲ, ù緹ȥ
ڵ緹ҲûԶ, һֱ²⵽Ϊʲô, Żôһǡ
ǿɡó
ëѺͰ׸ӹʱܽ, ֹΪԽΪ׵һˣйࡢ󣬻, ֪ʲô·
Щӡ̨ǰϱˣɵֱӵݵǰˡ
ҪôǹøҪǹġ
ëѶʼһҪЩ, Ҫʱɣ
һ˶ˡ
ⲻ, ֹġ
Ǵս, ΧСһҷ̨ġʵۡ״ˡ
ڻʵ۵ǻĿǰȫµ˶ǵƾ֤г˵һα˳Ҫʵ۸״֮⣬ӵڶͶ롰Ŀǰչ˻ʵ۵ġֹֹ
ëѿ׸, ˵ĵһʶǣ˱Ǻݣ
Ҫʵ۸״, Ƿ̨һǵ, ֻһ취һʵ۵, ÿҵĴţѱȥ
ûҶˣûԸݣǾֻڹǰԾܲæˣһСıɴ̿ͣǾͰװ׶
ڹȫ³ˣǰ̨ҵǵݵëѺͰ׸⼸ȴǾǵֵġ
˭ǲ֪ʱ򣬻˷̨ҵΣԸ⽻ϣ
״ʵϻ̨̽ʵ̨ǻʵۻǹ˶֪˵жʵʲôҰģ
ڷ̨Ѿأʹʵ۵Ȩ
ϲһ˳ԶʳأԸ̸
һǿӲˣһˣ
Щ֪̽ġǻ᲻̨ͣ̽ޣǻζԴ̨
̨ھһʵŮˣΧ˶֪·òѡ
ı㣬ŵǲиġݳȥʱҪ˲ԵݵǰⱾۿۡ
ëʣһģ
һһĵݵȻһ߰˱ĸ𺳣ҲԵǺεȵĿɶȵ˵֮ǺεУεȱ档
ͷʾ⣬ĳǰڵǰ
ëĿ磬һۣջǷ̨س칫ŵģһȻû˵Ҳֵط仰ټһ񣬱϶óˣôƽ
һƬס
ղëûбҲûбܶ
Щü۹˾Щ˵ġζԽԽŨˣպ󻹻Ũ
ë׸Ϊ¡
Щ˵£ҽһ
ûĻЩҵʷȳҪǣҪ˽ǣȻǰ㶨ƣɱȥ򣬺֪һͷ֧ԶͬջͬǣΪԶûһڴݾߣˡ
Ϊʱֹһд㲻òͬĵͬһкüдأǶͬ壬סͬһƬɽȣֻⲻһԣǮһ׬һһ
кܶڶ֮ǰһҪȳ׵˽ǲС
ԵߵĻŲˡ̨ʱзuй빨㣬Ǳʡ˲¡
ڵ˷̨칫ܵûӰˣֻһ׸磬˵ѧ峵˵׻̫ˡ
ëй˼ɡ
뽪м񼸸ģңǱ˾ûûΣԴʵûʲôĵģһá
Ŀǰûʲǫ̂µҡ˵ԲҲã˵Ҳգ֮ͷڹꡣڳʿԸλˣӲûһϹġ
칫ǲǰѷ̨µķǶɱˣµȫ
תһȦֻëѺͰ׸硣
Цúºͣ̾˿
˲ѵá
ëЩ˵˺ûž֪бвʵ֮ԡ
ҲУȻͷȥˡ
ëѺͰ׸º󣬽ʣҪҪҴȥһ
ȥβʮһѮ˷һȥ̵ģô½䶼ûɹڣҲаˡȻͣͣٴӴȶִϣ˵ĴܻΣ޷սѾˣǣȥĳҲԽԽˣ˵ǴĳǶ̬վһߣűܼѡ
ûôʳĳǵĿһˣͿԽŴˣûˣһȥ
ĳеķˣս֣еοȥˣΪһ㣬øˣҲеıȸվһ𣬴űˡС
ãڴøأվԱ߿žС˵
һֱűͷأûҪһҪһߣԼж˵ҲСš
֪ǲǷ̨ûʲôע⣬ֹĽҪͻܷˣΨһģֹ´ֻлһ˵ִȥˡΪֻлǴ󽫾
ƺҲ˼һֱû˷ֻͦ˼ġ
ȤǣǲһġڷߵУԶԶûм˶ࡣֻǸһվϿţʾõҲȡ˶ࡣ
֪Щӷ̨ܳȥǼȥأ
ӹڹġҡ
լֻӻЦլԼ˼ҵŮӣ³Ѿӣֻ檡
ŮɫûʲôȤ٩֮ɫŮɫġҲ⻰ǶԵģ˹֮⣬ŮƾĶˣ纣Ҳֻഺ⾰ѡŮӣҲΪ̨ҷĽ
һֱϲҵ˲š
֪ǽڷŹ߳µ衣ף
֣Ҫ̨ⲻֲġ
һֻ䵽ĺ档
һ͵乫ӡ
һЦ𣺡ĳѵˡ˵䣬һԼѮԷ˴Լ˽ǰһҾĳնŴ˻նŴҪĳǵóԸ
¶Цһ˿̬֮
¶ĺͲٳɣͷһϵǷܵùۣҪˡ̰ͼɫ֮ˡ
֪Ц˵ңԹ
ҲŭɫȻ˵ģҵҪϲӡ


691 Ѿ
ڶվ򽪼乫ӣȻ, û˵ʲôû, ǽ֪ͱ乫ӿ, Ȼһ·׷˷̨, ֪мֳʲô£乫ӡӭ˵ұӻͻؼˡֱ˵С̫ӽ̨, ִҴҸ
Ϊʲô
ޱ飺Ϊǹ̫վ, ֹΪˣŸ, ȫ
ЦһƬġ
ͷ, ԴӼΪÿնҪһԳ, Գ¿ݳ, ԴӼ֪Ũ
һ¾˰뱲Ӷûģǰ׹ģһͶ, Ҳ˻Ҳˡ
˵ͷ, ЦƺŮ£һ˵ֶˣһ㶼ס
黭, ֬Ū, Ʒ½ӭס˰, ȢС檶Էӭ֣ƵƵԼϯʱԣС檶ܶԷӭüĿ飬СҲֱԡ丸ū˴ˣ˰ٰϧ޲㡣ԴӼ乫ӣĶȴϵ乫ϣֻһˣ޺
ȻҵҸ㣬ҲͦõģҾǶ乫һˣҪϴңǻʲô˵ģ
ⷽǷġ
ɫ˵һͨЦ˽ҲЦҲʹԸ´Ůܾ֮ŮȻϵ˵ҡͷ
˵ô࣬ס˵ֻǼһʲô
Ϊ˴ѹӭ࣬պó裬Ϊ˱⹨ǺԸȫӡ
乫ɡ
ˡ
Ȼѷӭ˴
ߣ͹һˡ
ЦǺǵȿ䣬˵ǲ̫ģս󵽷̨һأȻսأ̨̫ԵϻӦפڵ㡢վ
˵ԣȥɣ뽨Ǯȥɱ˭õġ
仰ͳȥˡ
Ƚ뿪״Ʋ˵սɳպؿΪ֮
⻰ǿ䣬ҲѡΪղŵľٶǵһΡ
һΣ
ҪһȨ
ڵվʱ򲻵ζſפҲζŽȨΧһ
Ŀǰ䡢ĺͻڷְֻ̨ûλǶǽڳӪפеĳǷɽ˽ӹˡ
ıųȥˣһᡱڽǰվڣڼӣȢһӣÿˡ
Ǽ٣Ҳô󣬲ȥҲáպֻһҲС
һֱڹˣԼ߳ȥˣʲôɲͬأ
Цεˡ
仰ͰĻȫʻȥˡ
ʣɾֵµ˺òʹ
Ц˼ģô᲻ʹ
ǰʱ䣬͹㼸ǲԼͬһ˾ټһˣˣѡͲţԺԼͿˣشδζ
Ŀǰڷ̨ϵλ൱ģװ׷ֻǵµĹȴûְλ
ҲûȸǣպǸʲôٶƷʲôλݣȵȣһû˵ֻ͸¶λ칫Լˣǵλһʼˮ
ңڸɵĻһһ㣬ͽ󻹼ʵ񡣹һֱΧתȻһ쵽вʲô¶ܲһ֣˶ƤӣĻûʲô
ѷһҲһ㶼ż
³ϣ纣
ӵһļ͵ǵˣֻʣͷӻڷ̨⣬Žǣӣ纣ż˰ѼҴӳᵽ˳ѡ㵱ľټˡ
纣ԼˣҵԺ뱾ӣŮ⾰飬
ˣֱӰӶ͹ˡ
һȺʡСӣɵöԽ̾ҵǿ
ΪûˣڿЩСӾ֪һûꡣ纣Ҳ治ܵöС͹˾ټ˲ţҲֻһѡ˽ΪǣƽҲֻܽΪͬ
СȻڼֻɣоһ֪˳ƽʱҲֻȻ֮󣬾Ͱ͵ȥˡ
ͽദòͽ෴ճˡֳáȻӣ飬ԶΪ֪ͺĸԽԽˣÿնһ飬顢ϰ֡ϰ䡣ѧϰôȤֻϲ£˭Ĺϲʲô¶ձ̵еˣʧ˼ֺӵ֮Ϊõ£ýԳơ̫塱Ρ
ûȴĸ߽˵á³̫塱Ǻˡ
ô죿
ǻˣɱ
ЦĶͷҲá
ԽԽ䣬ԸԽԽΪûôڻ죬û뵽̳һ㣬ǲ֪Ǻǻ
ߺ󲻵ʮ죬ͷˡ
Ż˿Ķ룬Ӧüӿһٶˡ
ӦȥʼйţҳԮ
Ӧǡ
ڽոĲʳݡӹǵӦǣȥһֵĲǵȣݡ
ʼµڵõɺϢոˣΪǵֺϣȻֲ
ð룬ֻ˨סǡǵ̳ʱͬİ취ס̳ӱ
ֻҪܳջǾջ˰ʳܻȥ
ԣʱʲôն٣ǹӻǶϣӵȫȥʲôԸ⡣
³ʱ˵̳ǵİѾ˾ˣڹȥ̳ǵİվȻӣסǣǲ뿪
ͬİ취Ȼɹס֮󲻰İգݵķҲðǶȹ˺顣
˷ݣʳӦƽƽȶ
ƶҰշݿԳԺݵ˸ˡ
һգһпɫܽӦǵĳšǽϵ󣬻˳ǽϵ졣ʺڿУֹʼˣһӵҲˡ
첽ߵͥԺͷǽķ򣺡ɫ죬ǹϢ˵Ӧˣ


692 ̫ˣ
ҵλȻĸپŶ, ҿжһ, 칫͵İ˼ÿһӵܵȷǲ᷸
, 칫ȫ, ӵҲԹ, ݻ, òʳٳּ, 米Ѿˡ, Сһкн, Ůӵм˻, 벻ʵమ, ˲ɢһ
ܵ˵û̫ࡣ
Ԥδȴҹ¡
޾γ֮ţǻ֮飬ѵһֻСǣ
ǵǰ;ӦǵҲӦ
Ϊ˶Ůǰ, ǶҪȥ
ҹܻص̨
˵˷̨˵Ѵ֮͵õǵĳ, ˵Ѿ, ˵Ե˶Դ, ˵
ʱŻٻǣ
Żǻط̨أ
Ժݺӹ֮, Ϊ׵˲֪ʱ棬ĸ׶ǳĿ
ӵУһΪֻǺƭң˷̨֮ͲҪˡҹǫ́Ĵüҵ칫ǲò֮ѾӢѾûʲôù˼ɵˣҲҵԼ
ȴΪƭǡ
ΣԶЩܲ˸˵ȥ̨ģҪǣΪҵӦΪأ
˸ʼֵӦǺͱ嵽طӦԭҵλȫˣ˵ӦôĻָ˾ӹС
˵ⶼǹ⡣
ȻùֻʱҲʵѡŰ͸ʼһá
ҲĹҡ
һǽϵĺ죬ȥʼ
ȻǸŮӣȴһְʼȥɣƹŮ¡Ըȴǳϵļɲʺ֮ŷɲܴչŵĵط
ֲöķûһǧҲа˰٣аҡ
ʼҲû뵽ʱ뷨ТЩƹ
֪ʱʱŻȻ
һʼ֪ʲôġ
ûҡ˵кܴǹңҳһ칫֮⣬ûùѵ˲š
棺ܲŸ
ʼͷԡ㻹б𣿡
Ĭ죬̲סʣʲôأҿԡ
ʼҡҡͷ棬Ҫ£һ㡣һУպ󶼲׷ѡӦСȫѧϰպһչգȥɿһɣɵ㶼ˣҲûطˡȥɣ
֮ǰܾüȥɵ£һԥһ¾ʹӦˡһӦǾ֪£ôܱ֤󣬹ܿأ
ǰ;շ£ˣȴֻɷŴЦ
Ӧǣۻ֮ٵĻռֻҪʧˡ
ӦǷ̨ʺ֮أͨǹǣǺӹȡ
ʱӱߺϱˡ
ʼ˽ʮ֮⣬ｨ尲ʵӦ̫ҪˣЩݲ񿿵̫
Ϊ˿ӦǵؾʮĽĸվڸڣפر뱤رȡ
ЩǮȫӦǵҹ׳ġ
ʼþǧֶΣЩͿաȴûӣΪԽԽһϢ¡
Ӻӹȳ򱱣һ·ȥܺĳǳز֪ж١
ս󣬶Կʤϡ
˽Լ֪£˾жʵжǳûˮֺô˵ġ
ǰ߿϶ûк߶ࡣ
ҲǸ˾ͣӦǾͳΨһľݣʼԴİֹ֮Ҳÿ׿ɰˡ
ҪǮҪΪ˽վڸڣǿ϶Ҫְ֧
ʼЩеõ˲ϢҲõʼࡣʼѡȡ˼Ļžʦȡǵ󣬽ȫ֪
ȻϢЩ벻
Ϊʲô͸¶أһҪ
ֻԴԴӱʼõսжпᣬΪʲôȻҪעأ
ѵս
벻ͨһ˿ӡ
ԥһҹչ˼ˣǰϢԡκ֣ȥ
ǲ¶˵Ҫ֪Ѿһڴˣֻ̾ͻ̲סˡ
ʼѵصͷԡ֮


693 
ӡ
ȥ
ߣ
ФֶƵݴв, Լһʱ, ֶӶµһ仰ǡȥ
ȥ
ط̨
粻ǵ¡
ҲͲʶĴˡ
Ȩ, 
ΪʲôҪӳأ̨ϵĹӢ, зδ֮, , ҲùҰ⡣
Фͺˡ
һ߿, һ߷ŽУһߺţܿ׷, ץġǶ
Ұ, ǲ, ǹ壬ǵϣôЩʲô֪, ʲôܡǿһӵϣ, ɱᳵ, пŶ伮, ֻŮ, ǲʶƿ, ֻʶ
ǰϸɱ, ŮӾߡФӾôߵ, ô޺ţôô󣬶ֻۿ衢Ծ
ĽãŮȫ
Щûõ˻֮ԼнġδѪ
ȡзź⣬ëɶϡô˽˸ӺԾ˽ȴ۶ˡ
û˳ֻܲСȥû֪ǻججĿĵǰߣŮҰȻֻʯżʯżֻǿڷһҰǻЩҰ˸ּˮǿˮΪƷˡ
Ϊʲôӳģ
ǻȥɡ
û˵ڣʣµФӵǶʼˡΪ˱֮ܿǰҰǿĵطһȦ
ʱʮʹӣֻʣ²ʮˡǲͷ¶ڣ˾Ѱݴڿӣཬˮ˲ҰݡҰˡҰҲ¶ǡ
Ϊߵ˲ɥʧģФʱҲ߸裬ܾǸˣֻҪص̨Ϳˣص̨ǾͻФӵܡ
ֱײץĶ顣
ФǷɢߣһ죬ЩץǻһǲôܣһֱûܳǵİΧȦ
ֻʣФˡ
øˣФֶˣֱ˷ˣФֶӲ岮ֵһ¡
ʵط̨ˡ
ʱͲȥˡʮʱȢޣڸĸ²ò飬ӵĸ鲢̣ڼʱֻྴȻû죬Ϊʵûаӡ
ǰ֮ĺȥˡ
Ϊʲôţ
ʲôȥ
Żص̨ԺͱҪеФӵܵΡҪΪФҷܶҪȢһңŮڼʮʱǲˡ
ӲͰһʲô壿ϻ˭ǵ
ÿһԷ޶һżȢһ˫ޣ˭ɷأ
ͲȢٵФˣֻһӣԶֻ
Фץס󣬱һһ죬ڻƻʱһӪء
˵ӪأʵһƬƽҰأĴڵϵʿǻǱŵǹڵϺ˯
Щץ˱ϵһѰһ飬ûзø磬Ҳûмֶӣɵϲӵ˰ɣ
̫ܿɽˣӪе˶˯Ф˵ĶӽˣǶûгԷԶЩʿҲûгԵġ
˯һĲϡϡͷϣŬ뼷Ϳμ
к£һֱߡ
ȿ߿ʼףˣʿС⣬˲עȥסɧζͿͷϡ
ˣʿǶ
ץ׳µĶһФڽмʿһ£߹
רҿСģǸͷߣͲФͿҳҲԱߵ˸һ㣬߹˸հץŵͷϵɧζһѽƵתȥѰˡ
ФϽ굽Ⱥжá
ڣһĺӳȥˡӷ˵ļУȺȡ
Фͷһһļк̲ס˳ȥ
ĿİĴȺܳȥʱΧʿڷЦ˵ǼҲЦǸӽеĸˣФ壬
֪Ӳƭˣֻȣ㲻ʶФҲԼ
ФȥʿõĿȻǸӾǰԶΧϷŪһͰߵ
ФȺеķ϶￴ǸӱڵϣץסͷͷڲФˣճĺ
ﰡ
ԱߵʿЦԶҸأ
Զһ
Фӿһŭƾһɹ£Χһ˵ͷһݺҧȥ˲䣬һӿĴѪĭ°ȥ۽ҲɽϺɫĶ
˷ҽУФоеþȫס˵ͷֱӰһ˶ǣ
˵Ĳһ⣬¶ɫĽܿĿڱÿ־
͸Ǻ£
Фҧһڣһûҧ⣬׼ҧڣ˳鴤˼£Ȼˡ
ʱԶͻȻ
ġ
ʿȴʧǹ˲Ф³ţŲ֪ĻȻʼϹܡ
ûзûĿꡣһʱһʱФͿǰһȺûͷӬһˡ
ãȻĹˣڿԶһϸϸ̳
ƽ
Щ˿ʼҽҵ򣬿ʼ̳෴ܡ
Ǳץ׳ҲʼˣǸȺܣı˶࣬ıܡ
Фûܣվһ̳
̳һɫ죬ССģڿС
ǹˡ
ǹ
ФЦţ۴ţƬ̳ȥ
Ǹֵĺһȳһյĸš
̨
Ժÿ춼ս͵ѶԷƤµⳡ֮ս˸˽⡣
֮սˣȴ̨ûʲôϵ
߶Լġ
˵ǻʵ۷ǲ˰
˵Ƿ״ۡ
е˵ѻʵɱˣ
е˵ֻǰѻʵ۹ˣʵûأ
е˵״ԼԼλõãӹҲ
ǣͲһˡ
ʵˣǴ˲˵Եʵˣһλʵ۱лĴ󹦣һλʵ˭Ӳ
ȻƵ۵ĻΪ幻ӲҲԣ
ʵۻûǴͱһʵҪͣǾҪ̨ˣǹϵĻʵۼңܻʵǲһʵȷ
ֻΪһ׮Ǿζжʮǿˣ
һ״֪ⱳһǡڲ˷
ȷŵһߣֻע֮ʦ浽м
ԵһΪǱϣϸͱʾֱӸɵġ
ڶǴɽϣûǿӲҲ˵׼
Ŀǰ⼸ҿϣڸɸģ֮ǰûվһ˼
˼ָһصζͱˣҲ׶˲
Ȼ˶ɵ֪Ƕõһӡ
ԾͲܸǻᣬ׳
룬û͵͵굽͵顢±ŵ˰
˵ûУǲˡ
ͷ̾ǰа԰нʤõö˳ְΪëѺͰ׸һɵģ˶Ծıܿ·һһ˳
ЦҲѣβڹжż飿Ҳðһ¹ˡ
һͷôˣȷʵðˡҲûкʵѡ
һͷ˾׼ջ¸ټſ빬ˡ


694 ʵ
ӭվڹ, һ߹װż, ӭȥʺá
һͶ, һȥ
ڳĹϣͷӭΪף֮һпδˡ
һȺҰӡӭС˵
ʶȻֻм, Ŷ˽⡣ЩһǷ̨ҵȻ·׼ȥ
Ը˵, ټ˼ֱ췽ҹ̷
ΪܣÿҴŲ, Ͷ, һЦ, һϴȥԼﵽǰ˵ܱˣ
ɼ˼ֱǸʷ
ӭҲǲ⣬һٳһ˵, űȥֺùֱǰΡһҲĹϵŮ, ͲʹЩ, Գֵλ, ʱô¶, ǻ¶һ㡣
Ŷ̶̼찡תôһȺ˽ˣ
ӭ͸ôǮۡ
Ҳ֪£ȥ⼸, ûɣ
ӭ, һ˫۾ص, Ҳѵһ˿Ρúþռˡ룬˵Щˣαأ
ӭһ̾ūȴ£ʵǼį
˵ģ˵콪Ҫţֻ뽫𣬰ˡ
й㣿
ӭû˵޷ڵĹû߽ͱ˷֡ȰˡĹȥ
ߣҲ˼䣬ӣʲô˶С̨ȻңҲϵеոеոһ𡣱뱱ȻգһһȻ˵汲ͬһط֪Ϊʲôֳϱ˵ࢱѪ⣬ʤʡ
У̨ҲǱ˿汲ǿĹѫǿĻʵƨҲᱻ˿
ӭƾһģȻҲǱ˿ġ
ӭ໹ֻһõġȻѧʶͷԶûӢʶֻƾһͷˡϾǲ飬ʲôģԼ˵ԼþеģûݴΪʦûͱһƪ´˵Լºã
˵ҲûŰ
ӭ˶ʮꡣ
̨ʵϳĵطͱˡ
ԽҲڿյĵط£ڹţŵһνסиˡ
ҽҲ㣬Ų๬ţǲʲô죬Ҳױ˷֡
ͰһƬĻľˣİĻ԰ҲǮþƳɵİٻȫˣǮֱ
Ѿְ⹬һƤĶȫ˱ˣɶǻʵģ
ԶЩ̨֮ͱ˷̨Ƴǻٵһ׮֤ݡⶼ״
ˡ
°취Ǯáʦ̫ϧˣŴͳȥ±ʵ۴򲻽˰ϹҳӣǵȻҲӦһʵ۵Ѫ飿ּ
棬øĵ
Ϊ˼ֻϡͿľͰС˵
ˡ
ͱô൶һȺ˴һӲǵʤ
С˼̫ˣ̫࣬󷴶ܸ
ҪƾУܰһ̱սø˾
ȻûвӦġѾѧ˷̨ϵôдµˣ˴Ӻ̺Ŀадѡ޸ĸްްޡԼȵ¶ҳƴƴմգճһƪһƪ¡
дʱ򣬸ŶȤ¡
˽ʱĵطһ۾Ϳ˷ӭ࣬Цʣ乫ӿԸ˵һ˵𣿡
ӭЦ˵Ȼһˣ
ͽ赣ΪǴʵѵõĳˣʮǻһ˰ʮ꣬赵ʮ̫ӣûϻʵ֮ǰֳ
дʫСкܶ࣬ͳһݶһòĸε˶
ѾǴ
ڵʵûʲôΨһصǣΪԼ˾֢ճǶĿ˵Ҫˡ
Сʱ˶Ϊ̫ãֵܣϵĴ󳼣̨ˣΪ赻̫ã̫
ôһֱˣͷĵܵúúõģǲ֪ë
ûʱʱʱĿڻä״£ץסˡŮ檡ˡֵܡĸֿ˵ҪˣֻһҲòˣǧңˣҲҪʱҡ
没ˣԶ˶ʹűˣͷˣ͸Ҫúõһ
̫ʱԼԼдҲˣҺѹţҾҪˡ¡
˻ʵۣͶõĳǾרдʵۣ׷סˣҲˡҲˣҲˣˡο
ͺܸˣΪҳ
Ǻ˺ܶʫ衣
µĺ֢λݱĸʵȫĶĸȫǼȥϻӳϣϾˡ
Һϲоʵ۵ģͶоˣôʵ۵ȻŹôоԼСȦԼ֣ᵱŻʵ۵桰оôġôȱۡ
˶ڿӭʱڵʫʷ£ýζ乫ӹһЦ˵һ䣺Ϊ˾٣Իʵ֮Ϊ֣ĶӡӡΪҸߴԼŵʱ򲡶
˵еԲЮ³һӣµĶǶΪܣֵԼˣҲҶԳ˵ǾͷֻʵͻȻûˡ
ͷͼ˵ɫˣ׷ŭӷӭ࣬еĻܿߡ
ӭɫгĳʧˣˡ
аͷЦ֮У
Ȼٷӭǰ
ڶӣȻô֪Ҫʲôˣ
Ҫģ֪޲ԣ޲ɵ˲š


695 ^^
ľټ̨²ддϢ
֮ǰֹͻȻ, ôҶʴӣһʱ֮, ˵硡
ʵǰֹ̫˵֮ˡڷ̨ʷУȾָȨŮ, ǻʵۺеĸ檻ǻʵ۵ĸסŮ, һֶŮ, ͼڻȨзһ
ЩŮ, ҲǶˡ
û޵ľͼ޳ȥ÷ȥѾ˵ľշ, лʵ۵ŮֶŮַʽɵģǵķڻ󶼱ϳ˷̨, »ʵ۲, ǻ
ŷˡ
鷳ķѾ޽ʼҵ̫ʺ, ǰ߿Լٽȵɹ߿Ի
֮취еġ
԰ֹ, Ȳܰ޳ȥǸ̫ӻǹǲǻʵ۵ĺӰ
һҪһأ
Ҳܰز
ѵֻ¾
һЩˡ
ʣµľиʲôܾȾǡ
ˡ
һ˵ˣ̨µ˻Щӡģڳߴ
һҳһС, Ȩ, Ӫ
Ը˽ǿסİ
˾Ӳм֮Ϊ顣
ҲвԸΪ飡
͸˼̷ӵ´θǮȫҪҲܽܰ
Ͼָһ·, Ҳ֪ôߡ
·еҵ֮⡣
ǰ԰ֹʶǴŮ, Ůɫ, ŮŪȨ
һã
ŮѾԽԽöԸˡ
̨˼֮ǰд򸹸壬빬Ҫ˳ӰֹƨĸˡвԸԼϯɫ֮ˡ
ȴڹǰ˵
вʣǲǹȱˣ
ִ֮ǲǲһζФū£ǵķǺڣ빫֮ĻôҲǷ£湫ҷżΪ֮Ҳ֮Ȥ
֮Ϊ
˼ȫֻͬǵһ㣺£ǿ̸
ټ乫ǰ޷ǵıֺ󣬵һȫƫˡ
ΧŹתżȻʣȿֺĴЦķΪ顣
飬˵ˣͯȻʵۼҵͯҪ߼ЩҪȺ飬ڳ£ʵһҪˮƽְλһĩС١
˵ɫ
ǼﻨǮĻᣬһȫûаֹٵ˼˶ˡ
Ƚ϶ԣûбٵ乫ӵǸֺЩûйλڹǰȴӣǸˡ
ǮģҪ乫ӵͷ
ʲô乫ӣƫԶСǳĶѣ
־һͬĿʼżӭ࣬жһµİѷӭȥˡ
ӭֻȥֺЩˣΪڶûţֽȥˡ
滳˵
ĹٴУͼѾˣ˵Ƶʿ²ͽ˽ʮˡ
˲ţֱǴײˡ
սʿ˱ˣĩСҲˡ
Ҳ⡰ϢЩ½ŵʿֺù
繬ص伮ΪȫǼ֣Ķѣһֱ˳д³أ
繬в࣬һһĶһ
ʱе˵ÿ
ӭͼЩʿһȺԹԹָܡ
ÿֻûʱ䡣ʱ䶼ռˡ
ţһʱͷˣÿʱ򣬹ˣҪСһ緹
Ȼһֱ칫˶һ뿪ʱСڱ÷ˣ緹һԶʳˡ
һֱҹŻϢ
ӲӲƻΣճ빬еĽľлѾһ껨ûˣΪʲôҪ
ûн
Ǽ֯ķ֯һֱȾɫ°壬¡˵Щ·ȫǾһ˳ȥˡ
˵֯ΪĹ·൱ˣһЩƶжգʫ飬ֲֵأֵģвٶ辶Ů˵Ļˣ˵֯߸ʵΪǿԷıŮ˸ֵߣҡö֯֯ʵĲջͦǰġ
һ÷ĳ֯Ľ˾Ȼ˵ĵȾ
ûʲô֪
ӭ£֪һսˣһūһµˣȻĵȾû¹ڣûзͣãֻʳ»Ҳ㹻Ƿˡ
ӭҹʱʹ飬첻ôܽйΪŮӣϸӣ
ȻŮˣΪʲô˶ʮꣿֻʮ꣬͸׷гԧΣͬɽ
ƫƫѾͷҡվڹǰԲλࡣ
첻
糿ӭվڽϵǹһˡ
ЦǣǶǮýס乫ӡ
Ц˵˿˿ڣǮҲԸհ졣
ǴأǶԸͽ
ڲͬˡ
һȺЦ̺緹Աߵͽնþ۾
̾ǾͲҪѩϼ˪ˡ
ĺܡˡڳߴѾ˻֪Ƿʲô裬ڳȫҪļ
ǰѾеͷԣһ֣
Ǻ
ǰ˾ǰִж·ŴְôҲ֪ԭЩ˵ǲְǸԼԵòֺΪʲô
˼⣬𶼲ҷˣһ쵽΢Ц
˵һ䣬̾ͻ˻⣬һ٩Ķûˡ
룬ܼӭˡҲˡ
緹뽪ոˡ
ʲô
գգ˵¡Ҫҽ𣿡
˵鲻Сð׸ëȥ㽲
ҡҡͷ׹ë˶ãҲҪǡ
㽲ҲǺҪ¡
һ˾ϿΣȴжԡҲ°ˣ˭ȫѧе˼
ڴʱˣæ˵αҪĳ𣿡
֪ƴ˵ʱ򣬹ͽһҾˣ϶ġ
ԭһֱ
ѧϰٶȺܿ죬Ѿ˺µСеˣʼԽȤ£ߵ˺¸Ȥʼģѧϰˡ
öŹҲ̫Ǻޡء
³£ȴ³ˡЦе˵βһأҾټ˲ˡ
Цҿȥٲˣ
Ȼڶʱھ˴ϵΣѣɳгǱԳá
ңõĲж٣ȴԲ١
ĵȻǽȴܻһ˳֮İӡ
䵽ز
壬ҵδɣߵ˾Ҫʼɱҵвλ𣿡
ɫһ䣬ö£ˡ
΢Ц˵ҽҹѰ˼⣬ֻˣҽ󡣡
Ƕʲôë
ɫǣЩС£Ǿ´ˣҽվȥ򣬱⿪Ľᡣ
׷ʣĽἸʱܽ⿪
ԣȻ⿪ˡ
棿Цӯӯš
ն棡
岻ܺң
㣺
ȹ뿪˰ѷӭ˽
ӭ෢ֵţˣǰһҾĳˡ
ղеˣһָָǰ˵㿴һȻҡ
ӭϻ̳ϿֵĽӹϸϸ󣬴˸壬Ȼſ˵Žǣǡ
ͣʱѾŽǵʮ˴ǹˣеܣһЩŽ˶֪Ĺ¡
û뵽Ȼ˵ôϸȺһˮҪʲô٣
ӭ̹˵Ը湫ɨִ
Χ˶˹
⻰ֱ׵˵Ը潪ɨأԸõһ¾Ը⵱ҳˡ
ЦˣӦҵùӣһۡ
ӭ֪ʱӦû
¹չһЦԸƾߣ޻Ҳ
պ󣬹Ȼᶮġ


696 
ڷ̨ļҲһЩ־족˲, Ϊʾؽ󣬵ЩʲôѵõĴš
ܶſڶʮŵ, ȴжһ
㡣
ڳϿĲ³, װ˯óֱšʮ˽Ӧ˵Ǳ˴˶ʮ˽Է
ǰһվڴ룬ҪȥǴȥ
ݳĴ, ³̨˾ͣ˳óڴ³
ڳﳶ˺ࡣ
˵ڳ˯һ, ߲ˡ˵գֱӴӳͷˣ˦ֽţǰˣһѳϽȥӵķ͵
޷, ֻ˳빨ڳԼ񣬱˴˿ʺ
ǿһ˿Ц, Ϊ
˵, û¹
Ŷý, ϯûһ, ˮûһڣſ˵
͵ģʹ˸ɫҪ£Ʋ
Ϊ£ǹĴ£ԥ֮£ò˽ȥڵſڵˣҲһһ˻ȥ⣬ʾллţǿأ϶д°ֻöԸλǸˡ
ЩҲæʾ֧֣ĻȥˣһյĵԲ
˽ݣΧûˣͲװģˣݻ·ϴ˳˸裬˸ҹȻԶ裬Ա߻һͶʳһըýƵƣûп
Цĺܡ
ȻﻹҪ
Ҫ߶̳
ȻĴ˸ǷƾһУһ˯ӣֱԱǡٲ˵ɾ˯ˡ
Ƭ̣вյ⼸գɷǲзĵ£
ֱˣһҪιȻ˵£ԹһһУһһӡ۵ףʱ䶼ûҳﲻԡ

̾̾̾̾
ʼʾ֭Īǰб仯վоÿնŻֶ򣬷̨˵ϸңҲȻء
ǹµ뷨
̾
뵽һ
С𣿡УСֻ»Ϊ
ҡͷѵ̹һѣгһգپأ̳֮µԵճΪȣŮ
ˣ֪¹ȴ֪ҫ
ɫһ䣺ϷŪĳ𣿡Ȼ׼ȥ˯ˡ
æס̾ǹ֮¡
ˣʱˣ͡
¹ʩʩȻϲ
Ȱ˯ǰ衣
⻹ǹĻء
ؽϾơ
˶СãһȤ
ԴӲ͵ģĶޱȵ泩ҲԸó˵ˣ빨һƲˣһɫ⡣
ϴʧӲˡ
ȷʵ죬Ҳûлرܡ¹Ҳ˵˾ʵӦд㣬ĳ˳ˮۡ
Ҫ˵ûǹ鷳ǾСˡֻȻһ㣬ȴ鷳ȴ֮ѡⲻ˵۸
ȻΪβѡ׸磿ѡëѣƫƫأ
˵ڹĿУ㽪ġˣ׸硢ëѺͽǲܵģǿԵģ
ߣô̵ˣ
ϼǺ޹ˡڣҲûˡ
ȻҪͣҲԱʾ⡣
˵ԺͲˡ֮ǿ϶Ҫȥġֻʱ˶ѡ
Ҳ֪ôһЦ˵ʱ;ˡ
ӵ¹˵ǰҪۣ
һЦˡȷʵĳѿʳģ̫ˡҪȣмеĽǽ͸
ֻ֪¸ҪһʱȴܻаȣǴ󱦣кοϧأ
һ˵ʲô
ڷ̨ʲô֪

Ϊʲôôأ
ڹߵˣ֮⣬˭ôɣ
Ǳܣ湫ңΪʲôҪøˣ
湫һӣúֵ
㲻Ȼ´
ͦأղŵĻԷθ˭ʶ塣
ЦСˡ
֮׵֮ͣ
ÿϧ
˫Ŀ
㣺֮ǰ֮ǾѰǷвãŵʧ͡ǹ벻˾Ȼϣ˹ģǵһʧ̬˵Ĺʧǲд
֮ǰΪϣҲȷʵֻ赭дһΣ֪ΪڷʡԼǲˡ칫ҲΪ벻ͨ
˶סˡ
㵹ǴӹͨˣһֱԼŽ⿪ˣʲô顣
߸ϣƶˡǳ£ΪĿⶴ䵽
ûпǣǰǷһ
ΪԼУһֱܱסȴҲһֱΪԶܡ
ȻֹѾסˣȻ𲻿˼֮У·һ֮ңӵϵϡ
ԸҲΪڹСֻܵ𺳸
Ծɫӿϲ֣أֱþˡ
ɫһ䣬ȥ֮ǰɬ·һ˲͹ȥꡣ
֪ѾνϣԾͲˣ
а̾˶輸ꡣ
һϣʣղЪҵһͬϵ
㣺㼸ʱϴҳɲʲô˾Ͳϴ
ЦֻҪҵӢŲˣ
ӭ࣬ѵġӢšڴˣֻҪѷӭٴӢţһݣдŵټ˭
¾ƱϸԼȥ˵ߣˣЪɡ
ͷˣ
ʲô¶Ѳסߵڰףֿɳɡ
ʱȼˣţСͯú̺㣬ȥұĵط˯ˡ
ѽɫŨ£ǺʱⰡ


697 ֮޴
ദѾԷӭ乫˸˽⡣
ΪӭѾ䡣
Ѿȥ, ӭΪûг, Ȼ, Ҳ˵˽Ů, ȻΪûг׶ʧּ֮λλʮ˵ܡ
ĺ࣬ȴ࣬ʮ˵ڼֵе塣
ӵĹܼң¶Ҫȥ, ľȴǷӭࡣ
ʵϵ, 
ӭ׸
Ĺһ䵱ܣʾҪǮǮҪ˸, һ仰, вӡ
Ϊ˱ʾ, ӭԸ⽫μĳӺͳŮϣ͸ʹ, ΪʿΪū, ġ
μĳ볤Ů֮, Ҳ൱ķֽҪ˲š
ҪǷ̨ҳӵ̨¿յϯ
Ը⽫һӵȫϣͨ˼ѡ, ǵ̨
һ֮, òĿ࿴൱ǰĴϡ깨˵Ҫ, ҲǴӺǮƭ͸, ȻҲǽʱȼü֮ӭĴֱʲܱȡ
ŷ֣ӭ࿡ƤǳҵȨ֮ģǿи־ȴȰعˡ
ôһ룬ͦġе㵱龰ˡ
ȹˣ乫ӣЦ˵ĵ𣿡
䵭ҲѾҪ乫ˣûˣ˵乫̸أǱɶ˵ʹͨˡ
ЦһЦ⣬ʹѧǲǸˡ
ţ̨µҾ³˵Ĵš
㽲³ɣ־˵̵뽪ʦһȺܵźΪӡ
մţһ
ҲֻǰѴŹû˵ԱֻΪǴ۶ԽԽأҲʼĴ̽ʲôϲá
ͷ̨˶׬һ㣬ſں湨㰲ࡰϲá
ΣѾһе㻵˹¡ֻڣǹ߾Ϳ࣬Խż̨˵衣
Ҫߵ˾̫ˣվ̫÷̨µ˶˼ɡ
һֱܵ͵ϣڹûǻ֮ǰ³ݺĻڷ̨ȹǻٰ֮ˡ
ֻðڳһ˵Щ˷úܡ
Է̨˱֮²һЩС˼Բȥܣתʿ
һֱҵʿߵĶǾͲ׵·ӣȫЯ
·һջġ顱һǴһͨ򽪼ĵ·
·˫ģҵѽӴҲѽӴҡ
ڳѾƽˣұӶĴ˾֮Ƿǳһľǵ԰ܶ԰ʲôûа취ȥܾ
켸š
ӭİӡ֮ǰôġ
乫ͻİ买Ϻ˴˵ҰģҲֻû˼·Ҹá
ûƼҡ
ԹΪ׼򡣻Ƽȴδȫˡ
ȻĿǰΪֹƼûһ͵Ը˻ֻһӻԼȥͼֽŵɶڼˡ˵껹ڹ
ȷǲȡ
ǰȴֻܰϳˡ
Թ˵ұð׸ëȥһ˻Ƽң˵˵
ͷ˶СߣȻʡ
缢ƿʵ֪ʶе磬Ļ൱ģֻܴѧϰ
ֻëѺͰ׸統Ȼ⹬ʿ˶Ժ󣬾ֻнϢˣ˲ܸѧᡰ
һƽĸƷű仯
ĽֻϢڻУֻðȫ˳ߡ
˵пʱҲȥ
Ҫ˵ڶģ̴Ӧ
ϻľܾǵθڣ˾Цˡ
ȥ̨ӭ˸Ϊȵ졣
ùѣӵխˮѴҺý괺췢ֿܼʱ򣬾͹ˣڻܴóˮ
ëȥɺʱһֱʲôںʱȻֲеȫǺʱϸˮóԡ
ɻҽѰҰĹϹǺزеġ
ƫƫҵˣ
ǳҰҰԵһֹӣС֦ϣһһƬװ졣
ǻ˵ģ˵Ұ·ʱ򣬷ſԼߣͨҵԵĺˮԴءҰҰԹܶˣǴûԼ֡
Ȼ˵ˣ˳ȥʱһѾͻˣȥһ֣껹ֳˣÿܾҰϣ˴Сһ⣬
ҲڸɺĵطֵĶҪֻһգʲôƷûϵҰָСڰ죬ȻСǳҲȷʵ൱ͺ
ֳȱˮˮطĹ
֪׸ɺʱĸҲˮܿɺ
ƻ٣ȫðľͻ·ϻ˲٣˲ðǧˣǿҲˡ
ЩȻڵ˷ֱ̨̨֮һǳóŪݵ˸ֻˣӿϽȡܻ֦ӣ֪ôģѿˡ
裬ӣĸ˫ȫûʲôԸҪʵ֡֡ʲôȱʲô͸ʲôˡ
󣬲ð׸ȥˡ
׸Щ⣬ʣֻǻѣ
Ц˶ģǱˡ
ȻһܰѿֻĸҺˣҲ⣡
Һð׸һȥ˵˾ԸΪ٣˵ˣϵٷøĶҪ
Ƿ̨ϰߵٷʽֻʲôҪ
Це˵úúãתͷ˵һʿ㡣
ñϡ
߹ʲô˼ôȱ˵Ĺڶһ磿
ùȥΪʲôʿñأ
Ϊʾ˶һ֡
Ϊнأ
ǹѫıǣʿǰδ֮£ǰδ֮ƣǰδ֮ģɼһ𻨡
˲䷴Ӧһһ䣿Це˵ǣҹвʿһѾͷϴʮĶˡպΧһȦ뿪³ǰµһǸֵĸ߹ټӸһ㡣
豾ûСǰֹ£ʿжûʲôλԡ³ةô˵ЦĪҲǸģ㲻ñðҡͷ˵ﲩʿ³ѧǳ֡ҹһβʿڹֳ֣׶ܷ⣬¾ѷﲩʿĿǰֻĶ仨
һɫͲÿˣĪβʿһߵģβʿĻ٣Ҳĵ޹Ƶġ
ֳ֣ף³ΪʲôҪ֣ף
˵ʱаռֳ֣ףӴ³վͶһֲֿũ˷Ϊʿǣл֮
֮ڵǧĻඥ
ӣȻֻֻ˼磬԰˵͸ǿԳԵʳʮڣǻû취⼸ֹʮأʮأһأ
ˣ
ЦΪд󹦣ԸԲʿճԵЩϽµĹӣǵùӵĴǧš
ŬŶѵ˵ͬԭؽʲôӣطδһ
Ŭ˵ʱܹӽδغóԣԭĵطôеĿܾ͸ܳˡ
һҲҾ˵˵ıЦǺǵ˵ʲôܽӾС
Ҫһܽأ
˻᲻˵ƭӣ
ڼΪ˰£ݻ˵ҪȥЩˣĹҪҲܽĻ
ʽЦȻܡͲˣƽƽĻһ꣬ܿУ֪ûô
Ǹϣ
ѹ԰ڳŮԣСӣΧİնЩڸɺʱܳôõĹ飬ǻûʼӣֻҪúãͺׯҲ᳤úúõһ


698 
ҰϽг, һʼû˾ⶫܵ, ֻнµū֡ϵķպҰϡ˽Ϊϵ, ʼռݲ
ҲԵ, ûͦ, Ϊֻܳô󣬲֪ǲֵʱ˷, ջĸִϲС
ˮֳ, ƤȻ, ƤϴɾһУͳһˡ
ȷʵˡ
ֹ, Խʣ
һҹ֮, Ҽһֹϡ˵˼ϺҲʼϡ
Ǹ빬лƺΪٴΪ£ġ
һöѴ, һ˵鶼ֵֹġ
˼ԸĴ, Ҫ, гܱѼ壬ǿϴ
һ˵ҪǿСŮ, һѾ**, òζ
ѧ˲ŶǺܿݵ, ֮ǰβʿԼˣû¡
οһҪ룬ȥúȡӡ
ֱʵܱϣǳңмѣе黭еʫ裬ûȤһ
ЦеĴӦˣմЩ˽С
ˣϰ׸绹µĸкǰ׸֪ƴ˹һٺ񰮣Ϊ֮űƴǹѲøˣְƼ˼˲ţֲóʫǿˡ
׸鸴ӵĻȥë˵ҾȻе㼵
ǰûɵоǸͨˣճûʲôͬһüǫΪ˳Ҳ㲻ĿͨѰ
췢ɵ˻رãΪ˼֦ôװ׺
Ҫȥѧڿ϶ֵĻã
ëѣ
ɵӣɵˡ
ëѺͰ׸ڵҪ˵˳Ҳ˳ģܲ˵Ѿ̤ĸӪˡ
ǿģΪҲȥͽ±ذؼˣʲôҲظɡ
ÿһľȥȹԹ緹ͻǣ˵һͻȥ棬Ǿ˿ʱ䣬һֱСٴΪֹ
ÿ죬ǶȥԹ˵СʲôΣСʲô⡣
һ֮ΨһǱȽϽŵʱ̡
ëѸоʱòˣֲ֪ðǷʲôλϣŰ͸һ˨סǣ֪£һҲΪǰģΪԼʧ衱ˡ
Ȼ˳Ҳһԭ
ëǰûӣⷽ׸絹Ǳо顣˶ûдô棬ģ˼άѵĺӡ
һӻǵöʮǰ˵һ仰ëԼұ֤ܼǵöʮǰμӹһĻ϶Է֮˵һ仰
ȴڶʮͰ׸ʱЦ˵ϴ㽲ˣ㻹˵
͵Сӡ
ǺǸ³ĴӶǳϲƯ·ͻΰȤҲûУҲԱ˵ĳûʲôӦ
ëѵһμͿͷںŨܣû
ͷ˵˶ô˵
ȫڿġ
ëΪ̽˵СƤЩڣǰס
ֵͷ˵˵Ӳȥô׵ġҳú
Ҳѹ
ǽΪʲôôףôڣֹΪΪڳȥ档
Լ¶ǣϲˣʲôأͽʴˡ
ë˹ȻഫţУòƱ

һ֮ʼԸȤ
Ҳ׹ΪʲôͰ׸͸ˡ
ƼͻȻӵһ
Ǿ·һʥּһķһʾ֮ģ
רšصصķһǡʾǸˣڻʵ£
дǿƪһʮˣƼ˻ᱳ
Դӽӵƪº󣬾Ϳʼˡ
ǹǼ̫Ҫһ֧
ٰѻͳȥҲˣֻǸĩС٣
ӿǻƼͳȥһ԰ֹѺõƼӵȥμ³ԣʹ³ɣ³١Ƿ̨Ҷʢе³ɡ³׵ĳƺ
ǲϡ
ûеָŰֹҲñķʽһеԼľָ
ڱϿҶߣԸڰֹ£Ը³ɣд³֣³ġ
ʵϸҶ뾡취Ӫͼڰֹռһϯ֮ء
˵Ҳգ˵ģģģȫһ
һУԽԽ÷̨ұԽԽҡ
ƼڶôȥμĻˣĻˣĵ󣬳ԱͿʼܡ
˵ģҿʼ֪ôˣ֪ʲôȷġ
Ҫַǣֲأ֡ȷǾ͸üָֹڷ̨³ɣ³֡
ȷľͷǰֹӲóڷ̨Ǹðѻʵ۴Ӻӹ
ջʵǸɵӵҲݻرܡ
ӹȣⶼԽлʵǸɵӵ⣬˭Ҳˡ

ȷ·ߣǾֻܼ󡱵·
ֹٰ˺ƽҲȷʵʴȣաȻҺ̫ѺãЩϵ֮⣬˻ǲǿܶ˶ֵֹĹ٣Ǹҵ裬Ϊֻ͸ù٣ⲻ˵ҲǶǻӦԵĿ⡪ֻҪչӻǹȥġ
ǽû취˵ˡ
ǣӦ˳ӹǲ¶˳أ
ֲ𣿴һ³֣֪³ôȫ³ģ
³أҲҪ֪Ҽҵ˳õĶ³𣿼õ³Ӽȫ³һգ³³֣պǵҲʶ֣
зԵģҲ޳ɵġ˾Ϊ³еġɡʵǳ³ǲã³ûвðɡй涨˺߶ȣ׮׮зͯҲ±ƭѵòǺ£
ǡɡҲпȡ֮ŮӵҲһ֮١
Ӧŷԣ練³֣Աġ԰³ɶɼ֣ƹʹá
ܿ˷ָ³ǳԣ³ɵʹ߶ƽգѧ³ּ򵥣δѧû֣Ĳ˵ôôܸȫµ˶̻᣿ܡ
ôһ˵³ֺҲûô
˵˵һ˭˵˭ֻһ֮
˼ĴԺ󣬰Ѽ˶ˣǿ
һһ֮󣬻ʣ˭Ը
̲סˣԱ߲ͣĳӣһȥ˵Ըȥ̨
һڣȻƼ˶ˣһ˵Ķǣ
Ը⣡
ҲԸ⣡
гһ궼˫ĿȵĿ
оȻŮӡ
һŮôԸⰡ
ƶǼ޹˺ֻؼģΪֻӣԺ֪ɷİڲͬͰˣԸټޡڰֹ³ɺӼа˳ȥŮĸҲİѲƲ˵պ˵ŲҲѾͬˡ
ǰʱ䣬Ÿ׵һӳףǵ׸ĺӻջơ
Ӱֹʼת䡣ֹ̰ˣڹߣΪ̻Ϊ澣ĸԸ
ƶŮ˼ͱԼԸ񣬼ʣҲᶨͷ˵ĽӣԸǲ¸ĸ޻Ҳ
ͷ༸ˣ˵Ĵ𰸶ԸɾҵŮǶֹٽӽЩ
֮󣬾Ͱˡ
Ҳû˵𲻴ӦƼҵǶ
ֱڶ죬컹ûͳ˳ǰ̨ˡ
һ۾˵ƼӦٶ
˭ˣʡ
Ц꣬ƹ
üһ壬̾ôˣ
Ҳ̫ˡ


699 ˳
ȥ̨һ·϶롣Լ, Ƽҡ
µԾԾԵӣ֪, ĺѾ׷ˡ
ǰѹƵס, ޷Ļʵ۲ͶѡͣǾ뱨ЧҲһֵֵ
, Ҳûܵӵܡ
磬˳Ц, ǼҲδضŷɣ
Ͳ, ԻƼҼҷԽԽϿ, ²ϣͷˡ
ɾҷĹĴ־, ˲ȥ˼һӢǻףѾˡ
ʵ׵ض, ʱҲ¶ò, ֻܷƱãˣɾͲ׳Ų˼һ⡣
Ͷǰʱ, Ҳ֪Ǹûʵۡûпһҵ, ֻúõȨôġд󳼣ЩͣģûиõϹĳǳأûϸĲƱŮ, ҫ, ΪʵӦܵ䡢汦ˡ
ʵֻһˡ
Ҷһ㡣ʵûʲô, һӸԵͨˡ
ҲҪͣƻʵ۰
һͨˣƫƫӵ޵ȨԶɽʲô͸ʲôԶʲô͸ʲô
ϲ֮⣬Ŀ֮֮ûȻʵ۸µɷˡ
Ҿǻʵ۵ӣӣҵְҲӦóеΡ
ɵĵһѧĵһ¾ǣơ
㲻ΪʳóԾƵĳԣΪƺúȶ޵ĺȣΪ㻶ľƵӵ
ɵףװѡơʽ̸ʮ꣬ÿʲôõʱ򣬸׾޵ĸ
ǵúʱϲ׸⣬һ£ÿٷֻ׸⡣ΧֵܶŶֶʳֻ׸⡣
һʱԶԲ壻ʱȻûг壬ֻĸ׻᲻֪ʮʱʼǰõζԸȵ
һԺζţ׸ܲˡ
ʮʱƵԼϲĶʵǶԼĲ
Ҫáϲһ㣬˿ǵİ׸⣬Ӧÿơ
ϵĵڶÿξǻʵۡ׽øԵ̬ȥʵۡ
ΰҲء
ƶȵĶҲǻʯΪԴȪ
еļ嶼ʵ۶
ҲûлʵۣΪʵ۹ͬһƶȡ
ĸϷףʵ۾һϷɲ֣ǾǹɹȻϷ
кܶʵֻһÿһҶǲȱٵģʵȴǲȱٵġ
ϿûлƼңȴûлʵۡ
ҿ꣬ʵȴܻꡣԻʵλãͬһһȥе
ÿһʵֻۡλϵ˶ѡ
Ի۲û̫ڽǰ͡ʶ۲ǵеÿһӵܣΪƼҪͽſȴҪ˽ʵۡ
ۻһСӵʱÿһ׮¶ᱻҽֵĳɳÿһ£ߵÿˣҶ֪ǻЩȥ˽ۡ
ܻڼ˶ٻʵ۵£ļʱᵽΪʲô׳ƻʵΪޡ
һͷҰް
Ϊ
ûֹҲû˸
ǵĹȰûáʲô͸ʲô
岮ڻʵ۲֪ŭбȥֻܹʵ۲Ҫȴûһܰ
ᵽʵܵ顣
ʱǹġ
ʵ۾һֻϻŪƬɽеΪ˹ֻΪϷ
۵ʱ֪Ϊʲôǳϲͻһһ꣬ÿֻҪǰضᱻ
£ͻؼˡûԭ򣬻ʵֻǺѡôԵ¹󳼵ġֻǴȺټһϷһȡ֡
ǲôģʾ֭벻ʵΪʲôϲӽʱ緢ʱʧǡ
ؼҺ
ǰͻ
ǻ˶Իʵ˵ĻǸ֪ġˡ
׻ʵһޡˡ޵ȨϵԳԽԡ
Ѿ൱ˣ
ûķԼһµµΪû̫ĳɾͣһʵ˵Ҳ̫
뿴һӿܾһ£ǷҪ谮һŮ
ѵ
ǰʱô룬һûʵˡû˱ûпҲûдִѡ껹֪ѹǼ޳ȥ£ⲻǺܺ
һӣ
ȣȵľˣ
ȣĴ
Σ˽飻
󣬾˽飬ôֻһӣ֪̫͸
ֻһɵӣݲòʮ꣡
ûס
밾֮£ʲô¶Уùˣⲻ

̾һ
߳Це˵ƹɡڵˡ
һ̵ͣĸȥˡ
ûʲôĵطһͨƽĹ
ȴãһ͸⿴ȱ𴦸л
һɽϵĶ
һеŸ߸ߵֽ빣ŲֿĴӹͨ
꿴˺üס֮ǰ˵˲ٸҵˣƺǼٵġ
Щ˺Ҳȷʵڸɻϵľһû٬ĸоܳȡСеĶĿбӣ¾߿Ҳֻü΢΢ŴȻ󲻶ɫĵͷߡ
ʵζ
˽湤ӡ
һĵط
ĵã¡ԭš
ȵ϶˴°ڷ齺ͼϣһɴȹϵһɵĴӣͷ¶ӺʹظԿǵȫǺ顣
ȷ磬ڴߣһ㣡һ綼ûУ
˶ܸߴһ˻ڼͷȵֱˣ˵û磿̫ˣ綼ȷ磡
ֹһĻͷͣǰǸȹ硣Ҫһ㡣
˶Цˣһͨȣ۾ˡ
ɫ糣ʲô˵ֹֻǱ̶ȣᵱһ¡
ǰ񣺡μ
µĹҲǰС϶һһȻ¡
ΪʲôڵҪڵ⣿Ҫ˵죬죬Ȼ϶
꿴һ³ǣһͷһĺֹ٣ӡ
кף㹫ʣͲڡ˾ˣԺһٻؼҲûʲô
Ҫٵ㡣
Ĩ˰Ѻ
Ŀⶨǰ֮أϿղɨһۣϰװ׵һƬ
ûӡӺЬ
ֻһɴȹ
ʲô
ڷ̨ʵϵĻʵۣʵʲôǶԵġ
ܵúܿ죬һɫ䶼ûС
еˣͷõ
˵ƹһ²
깰ֱֵԡ
ǰһŲȥ
һһ򿪿ֻɨһͺˣտڲԡ
ȫһʵ۸״ġ
ô˵
ǣ˴ˡ˵Ӧ壬Ҷ˵ǿףһġʵһȺơơơȫ
Ϊˣɷ̨ȴаֹıǰãհҵҲҵ֮Եô˴á
ûڸֹŸɡ
룬רɡ
ʲô͸ɰɣ֧֡
һɬұϾǻʵ۱¡
һƽҲɳƱˡ
ͷ˸ףǰҲ٣Żʵۼںӹȣȫ͵ӹȥˡЩҲ͹ȥɡ
˷Ӧӹȣ
ڴؿ
ƽǡ
һ˶֪ʵ۱ںӹȣǲȥӹ𣿺ã
ʧЦ˵ƹϯƵƹһʡ
Ϊװףû뵽Ȼô˳ܵƢ
㲻칫ã


700 Ĺ
֮, ǹ׵ˣɵϲ
̽ꡢëѺͰ׸˳
ȻԻΪףëΪ, ׸ĩλ˸պÿԴ̨ϡС, ֱҡԼѧʿӵİ׸硣
ֱȱ
ûж, ٿʢĻᡣ
˾ףΪ׵³ڴϯ̨Ǿס
Ļٿ֮󣬷̨µ̬ȦڿɼΡ
²ķ̨ҲԡġˡŶԭֹҪǵģ³˴ǰ
֮ٳ, ѡɹԱ͡סˡǰǲҪҴһ, жĥɱ¿, ǰͷл, ¿Ծͱɱ˳⣬Ҳиɻˡ
湨³˵ϯҲǷˡ³࣬һܱġ
Ϊ֮ǰ˲١Ե, վ, ̨µ˶³˵ӡҲˣǶڵĻ, ³ദ, ͬΪҲûôܡ
ʱе⡣
֮, Ҫʧ⡱ܣԹ۹Ľ̸׵ˣȤԱȶԷ̨µЩ˸
һ۷⣬ʲôľͣһʱⲻˣҲ뾡취ķʽȥ͡
ڣëѺͰ׸̱ûطվˡ
ǿëѺͰ׸綼Ƿ̨Ҫʦķϣһ졣
ʧЦһʱ䣬μĻᣬԲֹëѺͰ׸磬Ժ󻹻иˡ
㾪ֿ֮ʼ᲻̫Сˣôôˣѧô죿
Цѧ˻ѧáһг棬ƷԾͺúûȥ綨ˡûʵۡʵۣôжأǧҲδһȷĶۡ
Ĳѣû
ҡͷЦҵʱ̨Сҡ
ɵʱ̨ʱˣʱ
֣صĶԹҾһ񣬵Ǹ
ҶԲ塣̾
ʱֶ̫пˣ˶ǡ
Ŀϲ˵ղĻǶԵġһжöԴȥ
ǰֻ̫Сˣ㳤ˡ
ܹǺ֮°
ԽԽȣҲԽԽࡣ
λĺӸʱ̫һǵõʱûвܴëܾǲͨģƵúܣһҪ档
ʼժ¥ˣĴȫ֮
ô˵һΣëѾ齨һժ¥
֪ʱ򣬴ϵ£ӻ굽Ļеʿӹ䣬Ƿ̨жûһ˷ԣȫƱͨ
֪ʱͼֽѾˣַҲѡˣǰëԻġȻݲŻ
ѡַǻ꣬۲ԿߣһֱԽϵԽʸ񣬲Խ顣
Ҳһأ겷ķλһġ
˶Ը£ڽסˡ
ⱾһƬĵ˻ȥԻ˵ûǮ
˳˵ҹ
ʵۣûǮô죿ȻôǮ
ܿƼҾǧ
ʣµǮǮûǮͶľʯģʯ䱦ȵȡ
׷ЦɣתͷùȥǮˡ
֪󣬽ʵʵĳһ
˾ʮˣûôɵĻʵۣ
Īǹ˵ûǮûǮ
ʵϸ룬һɽȻֻһ̨Ǯˮһˡ
Ĳ˵֮󣬰ΪʲôӺùˣ
Ϊ˴ʳ
ѵǰû
аǰʳǳԲ𰡣
ɸ湫ʳȫͼۣ²ãҲ
ֻһġ
֮ǰô֣ôܣİտûһܵġܣһһࡣ
ж٣û˸ǡ
աֻҪ³ɵǼڳⰲ仧
ҵǣİȴûٺǡ
̶꣬⺵麵ԽԽ࣬гԽԽ󣬰ﰤܡ
ûзԵˣҲûΣЩܶԹ谭
˵Ұһֻһ죬һڡ
ҰưˣֻйŮʢ
ǵ˷ԣΪǹıûгξͱԼˡ
Ҳ벻ͨġ
Ӽ֣Ϊʲôջ˳˳Ľأ
Ҳ벻ͨǵһС˵ƶ࣬ÿؼ붼ҪǮʳԹ˾ʵΪıֻйһ˵˶ѡ
֪ıкôͻԶԷά
룬ԭڡ
ңһҲ˵Ǯ򻨵Ǯ಻ۡ
ԽǴ壬ԽǷ¡Լͺÿĸּȴ㲻ѵ˵ҪԼˣǲüԼˣǲüԼүүˣ
ƼѾʡµˣҲֻҪүүһ˵еļҪ棬Ͽȫ鵽һȥÿͳһͷС
ǰһֱ룬ȵˣͲټˣǶǱ˼ˣͿͷµͷˣ
һ룬ֺ޲ܺﶼǵȵ֮ͲÿһءоٳһؼƷ
ټĿǰֻڰִеıȽϣǹԼôôǲܵġ
֮ǰù˾̫ðգְû־÷ǳĽ
ʱԹһһֻܲ²⣬ڿˣ־ʵǿ͸
ժ¥Ǯȫȥʳ
ҪĸԸõͼʳȻΪñƷ˽
üߵĻؿȥ̵ĵطصĲȫɹ㡣
Ҳ߼չǴصĶʲô
ڰѷ̨ӦֳݷӹȺʹ̵ĵ
ΪɺԵʣʳԽԽ֣ǳϣ굹ֵࡣ
ͺգȫ궼ճɡջȴܵʳԡԳԣϾʳָŰյӾ̫Цˡ
ǣҺкӹȣҺڴ̡
ǾͰջݷӹȥҲ̵ǳء
ڳ͵ĿӣݵȥʯѹƣƳɵݿȱʲ׸ɿݣҲ䡣
ݾһѹ֮ƳɵĲשͿǧ˳ȥˡ
һˣֹ׬ǮҲ˸ָϢǴݣЩսĳǳضǴͨ·
ֻͨЩ
Щ˻жá
ڳвЩսң֮ӵ̨ڴ˵һ񣬶Ըȥ
ﵱȻҲʶ֮ǻȥ
սɰյµĳлʢɵĳҲ˥
˵ĳУǻǴס
Щ˾һδεǨУϴȥϴӡǣΪİա
ͻȻװֹҪʲôˡ
Ҫٵеҡٵ͵һУһ硣
½Уû˻˵ʱΣʱΡһŮˣҲʶλޡһУɹȥ
صУ˭Ҳ
ĶӡӡǶվ£СĴˣǲ岻ǲǹŭˣ
˰Ƕ˻ȥ
ڶʱͼΪ׵ļ˺˵һˣȥ̨
꣺ȥ̨ʲô
˿ɫЩȻʣǲǹвõ£ΪˣҡҡͷΪҡͻȻ˵ΪҾ
÷̨Ϊף³˵ϯ
˿ĻᣬЩԷֵ̨ط˳ԡ
˶ΪҪǣҪǡ
ȷҪǡ
ȴҪȥϣ뿪ſá
˿ֵȥƾҲϴ¡
աţ̽ʣȥ̨˵㲡˰ɣ
ҡҡͷҸ°ɡ
߳ţԱߵǣһ۾
ȥɡ
ЩʧСӣ˳
ǲʧٵһʱ䣬Ѿ׼ӭˡ
꿴ǰķ̨ĳϡ
طǸЩ׼ġ
Ĺ


701 ·
ӹȡ
µĳǽûн꣬һȺ¶˵ࡢשľͷ, ʢĸŻ
һƬߡ
ͺͺļԲŵ, ݰ, ֮⣬Ƭֻʣسǽվڳǽˡ
ء˶ȣһȾͻʣڳˮףеľȫˣ˵ֻдլԺľû, ûס, ÿȵˮҪӳ˻
ûһˮҪӪˮȡ
һȺ˸ɵúﶼѪζڳǽµظʿˮ
Ƕ˵Ҳû˵ΧҲûˡ
û, ֻؤ
סĵطǿӣֻгԭǸһ㣬۵ȥˡ
˵Ľϰ϶лɣСؽֽ
ϧǲȥ
ֻһǱߵӸöù
һӿǽ, һ˹ͺͺǹ, ǹͷûˡݵһǼ, ۴, Ҫǻڴˡ
ʵգ÷⣬̵۾ᡣ
ͻȻûͷûԵ˵˵򲻳Ķˡ
ߵ˰ûӦ֪ȥ˶òɳƵ˵ô򲻳ˣ
ľȻһţֶֻˣֺˡ
ߵǰ첻˵Ƕģû
Ŷ
ֻ˵˵Ӧͼ˵ûȢޡĸţûֵܽáʮ̣ҲûǮ
š
ұܹǮȢһӵġ˵һָ顣
ƼҵļұԼͶŵģΪߴűѡС
ƼѡеʱΧ˶Ľ
һʱˡ
ʱżеǮǵ˻ʵ۵ıԺͿ׬Ǯˡʵ۲̣Ǯǰ׬ġɹʮͻؼңȢӣҲĶأ򼸸ūһ֣Ӿˡ
Ƽȴ÷ӪȻгкȣҲ´ȴǮ˵һǮ˾ˣͲˣƼҲɵ𣿻õıǮˡ
ԣ뵱ԣӪͱˡǮץҪûȥūҲ˯ˡ
ʲôʱƼҲҪǴˣͻˣʱһȫǣ
߲ˡ
Ź󣬼˸˸ţﶼˡ
Ҳ͸ûؼˡ
ڣڳǽ£ˣҲܽϾˡ
ȴ벻Ⱳʲô
ڣûТ˳ĸû޶米ֶ̧ҰԵ
ӡ˵
ͷѾתдˣʼһ붼ŵĿҪĳ˵ˣȴһ㶼ˡ
Ҳ뵱ˡ˵ڹ˭ȥеֵ֣زøٸǮȥס˵
һ㡣
һˣ˵׵㣬ܻóһ㣬֪ܲǮǸԼݣȢӣŮԸӡ

˵ܾãõ̫ƣͷϵĴ¯ˣһ춼ˡߵҲû˵
Ȼ󣬻ƻ赽ˡ
һ˼¡
һ߸ǳǽūǻͣš
Ŭվߵˡ
Ǹû
վһϸȥ˵
ߵ˴ͷһ۾գð죬۶գһ¡
ؿҪ໣ȴų
һɬؽлι

ȥԷˡ
һ
ֶһ˲վ̵ūǱߣߵ˾ָǻӪȥ컹Ҫɻ
ūһȺʬ⣬ģ֮󣬾תӪȥ
ں棬һͣˡ
ūǲ֪ĿԽԽԶҲ֪Ǿֱǰߵ·ȥ
ūˡ
վֱˡ
¡ǹϡ̸Ǻһ·Ӫء
Ҫˣ
תӪ෴ķܡ
þȫʹܡ
һֱܵҲûΪֹ
;ҰݾͰγԵҹץץ˾ͳԣȴһͣ
ĳ
ǰ档
ʲôʱ׷
׷
ֻҪǰһ
ߵҰֻҰ޵Ӱ
һ̶ڵšڳɴڣͨɢȡǰһϪˮˮһСƺˮľƣúȡ
ʢĿ·ʱôܣܱ˶Ϊġ
뵽ͻᷢЦһۣǳĶ˵ȫһݡ
ֻǲݶѣ
˭õأ
ȻܰѲҲƷ
˹ʱ֪˿ʼ֮ӦҲܿΨз̨ûпʼ̰֡ѡֵǮϢ˳ȥ
̨˶ɵӡǲĻҪڵġ
湫³˵أʲôʱҲû
ȻǺӦǶʼݣһǺö
Ϣ͵棬Ȼ˵˵֪ǹģ׷Ӧ
е˶ֻ֪ҪŹ׬Ǯ
ֵö֮󣬹Ȼó취ˡֻڵڿӣѹʵѹɷ飬̾Ϳ˳ȥˣ׷ݣ·ʮ죬˵ط򿪣Ļʵġ
ڳ˷̨֮⣬ӹһƬȫҪݡǴȥģԼ¶ˣιݶҪ
۸ٵͼһҲ
ЩǮ˶ӳأ
˵ˣ·ϻʰЩūȥض֣ô᲻أ
ʱĻ˵һˡ
˵ͷ˵ûûιˮӵȥŰɡ
˵ûҲֻһˣѾˮڳˡǸģֽŶûзϡ
ˣ󲻴ɡĻص̨϶Ը¡
·ʰˣѡ͸һգö໨Ǯã


702 
ļ, ʱ, Ӧö˺, ׷ѵİ, صĸ輿ּȡ
, ëָŽϣ, ȴһ˶СӶˣĻ𣿡
ǧĬŲ˵
ëǷ̨ëӵܡͳѧ֮Ҳûлع̨ʮʱͶǳ£˳ǧı, ֮ʦ, Ȣ˳ǧ֮޵ã˸޼䡣
ǧֻ֪, Ҳֻëǰ˵˵ﻰ
ë֮ǰͲ̫޳ɳҲͽȥ, Ǹ, ִ˻Ƕ׳, Ҫڻ, ǧתͶ
ɻǲûԼľ, Ҳûóʿ, Ͷ, ԻǶԲǻһҪҪǮĶѡ
ʱ, ѾѳиҪ, аҲ˴ͷ, ûļҵ̻ҿţҲֻҰѼŽϣ˺Ů˶ҳ
ë彨ǧҪʲôˡ
ǧ뿪ᱻе˼ǺޣǱҲŹ
ë˵Ըȥ̨һҵ̨֣ǱԸվڻߵĻǧϣ̨ǿиɣʵˣӣҶƴļͼݣʵ۲һܲ
ڳһʵ֮⣬Ҳûб·ˡ
ǧֻܴӦë壬ȥ
ëѡ˺ͻ׼װëͳ˳ǣض˵ɣЩɡ
ëصģĽҰɡ
ǧĿԶȥԾɳüѽ⡣
̨
ӭ˵ս˳һ֪ʶ
սĵطһƬƽԭҲ굽̨ʱһƬ۲ĺõأǳʺϰո־ס
Ϊʺ˾ӣĴաСر࣬岼˵һ򣬴ҳмʷĴա
˶ࡢضࡢ࣬ѡٶʱȻѡ
֮ǰӵĲ˰ҲС˶൨Ӵ󡣶Լվʵ۵Ļˡ
ѡѡ͸
ͽѵͱЩǡ
Щǵʱ϶û뵽̽ʵۣӦȴ
Ҫ˵ڻʵ۵ǽǣǵһӳͷ˰һսֵܣôأ
оȻʥּּĻ칫
Դһʼƾе㲻̫㣬еͷԡ
ץס칫칫ة˵칫ѴʥּҲ⣬Ƕһ档
ȻǴýڽڰˡ
Ǳ磡
Ȼڽ칫ӷ̨һ塣Լ¿һ壡
ʵȻе̫ˣ˶ΣǺܺ
ǵ˺ӹԺҲˣھзݣǰڻʹﵱöء
칫ͽڱľһ㶼µġ
˵Ҫȥ̨״Ҫˣö˴󲻾֮
һЦȻ˵̨족Ͳ˵ֹһƬ˭ȥ״ûˡ
һģԼڹϡ
Ϊ˼
֣һ£Ǹӵеıܸûôࡣ
ӭȷʵıֻǧˣҷǳһûвȫ͹
ĹȻſġְ𡱣޼ҵ󣬾ûǮûбҪֲҵģѹˣͶǣŲһһԹıֻһǧҡ
Ȼ
һƽԴΪҪģʽ磬κһǳضܻ
ֻôȽرġ
ʣ´ǲװ׻Ǯġ
ǿܻͼͷǹͷΪʱǺܿģȴûôס
ǲ᳤µûϼ
ͱǧΪλĺ٣СǸ˶ûС
ƽʱòȵҪʱ򣬲Żѳе˶ټǱʱһսˡ
ȵһȺں֮ϵһʱбģȻԸװĵûģֻܸǮȻҲĸԸһֱ
ìܡ
νʵĳ峫ģĿĵȻΪԼӰ˳̡
ӭͻ鱨иʱ﷢ʲôļΪ޷֧Ŷ⣬лˮˡ
簲ǣͲҲֻһƪģܾģ
Цˡ
Ц̾ˡ
û뵽Ⱥôûáһ˴һռϷ硣
ѾȥˣⳡͿѾ˳ˡ
ѾԼս޲ʤˡп̨ܻܵ
ڲҪ˰Ŀ⼯е̨
ӭߺ󣬽ܲ˰ѻʵںӹȵϢͳȥ
ʵ⵽Ŀǰû
˻ŻʵڹֹΪչ˻ʵ۶
˸ӲҪȷʵ۵Ȼڷ̨
óʥּҲֻǱ˲²ѵˡûѻʵҲһˡ
Ϊʵıߣ̨һ㷴ӦҲûаô˵ҲҪҡضһµġ
̨ĺ޷Ӧ֤˻ʵۻڼûܵͷȥ
һҡͷ˼֪ʵ۱²ڹǡ´ҡ
ʵڹʵ۵Ȩͻڡ칫ˣѳˣܻ˵һжȲϻʵ۵һָͷ
ʵ۶ˣʵۻһԵģʵ۾Ĳһˡ
ʵۡ᳹ɥʧȨԡ
һɵܵʵۻʮû£ΪʵۡȨûжʧ
һʵʧȥȨǾͲηʵˡ
ֻϾͻ˵̨ʵۡδ䣬׹ˣ
ϣӷ̨߳ȥ
ڷ̨¶Ѿڹ֮ˣʼҪ˽ˣҲ߳ȥˡ
Դתúܿ졣
һһȺ֮
Ϊʲô֣Ϊķ壬ڶ
һǳõİӡԾߴڿԸʲôˣԼȫˡ
ͷǸˣˡʵۡµĶˣµһСӹȣλ
ʵۡʱһҪлˡλķؾʵ¡ʵۡ˲óʵۡҲû취˸ߡ
ټϻʵ۾У˻˻ʵأ
ʵۻǳСأ
νɽˡ
ġʡܳ㡣칫ءʱ˲˻ʵۣ칫칫ѵһ
ץ칫ǰû˾칫ӡǰˡ
칫һ֮⣬÷ǳ״ˡ
ǸҪ˲ô칫һ¡칫ԸּԸة࣬᲻ԸΪһҳ˵û
Ӧˡ
ؼԺ˼죬ҳˣȥ¡
˶Ƿ̨µҳǵļ塣
˱˲һǣǸҰġҰĵˣŻԸȥðա
һ壬һ塣
ֱ˹̸ֱȻԼ˵ȶ˳ɹ֮󣬱ضϯ¡ΪȡŶˣ˽Ϊֵܡ
ֹΪֳ裬ףһ·ƽվڹٵԣҾ𣬵ֱǰѾһɫӰˡ


703 ·ںη
ȵ, 
ڳ, ȫ, ϵ·ʪ͸ˣ󲻵ò񳵷һ·ֻһ̿, ·˳, ʯͷѹš
ĸʢˮ, Ѿһƿˮȹˡ
ĴˣҲ׵ܣС, ͡
ˣҪٺ, ǾӦءһˮǸȵӦ, ŸճͿһˡ
壺֪̫ˡ
ڼʱû·ôȣһˮһûУȫɺˡ
Ҫ³ǾͿڸϵӦǡ˵ȻˮɳŲȥ
忴ͷϵĴ̫, , Ӧͣ, 
֮, ٶȾͿˡ
˵Ǿһ̶, ڴӦȥ̨·ϡæˮ, һϡ
Цǳţϱȴˮ㡣ϱˮ棬һܽʣܽ⼢˵ԽʳǺö
Ҫȥڴ̵ĵط͵·ɲȫһԣǵӦȥѰңҵ̶һһǱȥǸҵ̶ߣְȫʡģЩǮ
˵̺ǹˣ֪ǲġ
Ц£Ҳ޴ô󣬱һпɽġڶа˵ˣһ˾ռһ·˵
ˮ·Ͼɶˡһ˳˳ĵӦǣ·˺ü̶ӣԶԶӦǵĳǽʱǰĹٵѾ˳ԵϳݣһȺڷļѼȥ
ؿڵɢȥ١
ǵڼοˣ˸ų˵ղžǼѼġ
ԱһЦ˵жأʰ
ǶϴЦһ·ʱ࣬ţһһָ·Ե˵Ц
ڸɻŮӶǴŴĶң¹ɴų䳤ȹҲһҴۣ㶼ڵʵ
·裬ȫǵصĲݲ򻨲裬һĲľȥ¡
ǺȻʣһǰͷϴĵط·ߵ˾ЦŸָ߾ǣ³˶ȥϴԷ·ŻǵĻͷЦ˵λӵҲικӡ
ǵлǰߡ
һ°ĺ˵ǰ³ûʱû˹κӡ
⻹ǡǰһѺúӿǺܷѾģԴ³ԺϴκӾͳһ׵ˣټ³˸°͹׾ƽ׿С˼ꡣ
˵ǹϲӡ
ɷҲӰˡڳңǵǶϰ߹κˣ˸ɸɾģҲӣҲлҡ
⼸·һңټеĺӣէһɨβƵġ
˻׷ȡЦ
һӿסĺ˵ҲΡ
³˵˸ס࣬ϴͷ֮Ҳһɾ°ͣüë޽Ƕ޹ˡ
һЦһ˵ŵǲżǻˡʱʮɣôʮ˻أ
һҲЦôйˣ
Ź°ͣо棬˵˵βζһۣǹ˻㣬˵Ůϲ죬ӵĶŮϲҾ͸ˡ
һȺ˺Ц
û˷ʱ䣬ϴ軻·ùѾ̵ס屸ԵţǱ߳һĹܼңҲҹӣͿ񣬵ӦǹȥҪȥļǣҪҪǰŽǣ
ʱԼû˵ȥԭҲûᣬҾôܵеԾ
˵һǣ繫ȥʶһģҲǳӳȥһ̶ӶĻӳȥ˻ҪʱԼʱص㣬ҲԴӻ
⾹ȻǼٵġ
ֻһͼ˽˵п͵񵥽
ӾЦŶȫ̶ȥ۹⡱ˡ
鶯˶ȥۿһЦ
Ҳͣſڵ˳󣬼ǳϵ˱ȥˡ
룬ûͨ·̨ûλӵĻ˵ҲҪȥĵط
ʵγﲢȫ޳ɵˡ
̨һƬ࣬˵õľȻһŮ˺һȺ³ˣëѺͰ׸ڣ˲
ƹĳȷʵ൱һˡĸĸΪƹվˣŴӦ
ҲһЩΪȻͳǱһŮˣ絽ӹȥΣҲԳһơս
ʲô˶ץסʱĻġ
˽£͵ҲкܶࡣΪ䵽ڰѰֹͷϣأһ칫Ҳˣڵİֹƹöˡ
ûۼֹǺεˡ
Ѿˡֹʱȫĵĳ뾴⡣
ʱѹ˴󿪷֮ʵ
Цգ
˵СĴҵȣֵһᡣ
ĲںԼô˵ûзϡ
Ϊ˿·̽˵вŻ޲ţǺ˻ǻˣں
һӭΪͣΪ
ѧλǰܼӻǾɫ֮ͽܽɡ
ˣǮǮǮ֮ǰҲƷãཻ֮ȴûô֡
ûҪǮҲûҪ˵һʩչ
廹˴󣬺ȴۿұҪǮҲ£뵱ù٣ͶյΣ˲ͣӼֱۣӵˣŵͷӦȻ֮ʹ˽ˡ
Ϊ̬˹
嵱ʱĿɿڴЦҲǮǾ͸òˡȻƾʲôһ³˻ǰأ
弥ȻˣĳǲҲǷĲǮ˵վͽ̧
ЦҲҪǮңֺαҪǮأȻԸҲơ
࣬ŭΪѣ˾ƣǼдӣ֣һҵȴ·˰ֹĸϷͶ칫Ϊӣ칫֮һˣ
ѱ˵ΪֹˣԸͶЧַ˲ô߽ס
ˣϻݣǸ
ŭô˵Ǯģ
žƺЦŵͷˡЦǮģԸǮңԸ屡죬պд󹦵ģԸԶҡȥ죬Ƿҡ
ָԼ˵أ
Ц㰡ǲҪʩҲҪǮֻҪԸ㣬ΪԼһɳˡ
һ
ƣҺһӣЦһ㣡
һ֪Ͷʱ˶·ԼƤ׷Ź̨ģ֮ǰֹûҪڣѳ˹ߵĽˡ
ڣһӣ㲻ҵһ굽ȥ
ڶ죬ʹˡһ̶ӳʱͬеļд˷̣л档
֮ͨ巢־ȻҲǡˡȻĻ˴˵һ֪Ϥѡ
֮⣬ʣµ˶˵ȥʶһһ˲ͣŭⰲֹ³³³ɶӱ͡
м˿뿪̨ˣҲ˵һ˵ﻰǶǾڷ̨ϲûǵ֮أǼȲ³ˣֲԸȥ·
ĳǮ
ҵ½һ³˵ȥݼһŮ˲٣ҡҡͷ
ȥ濴羰˵ҵǵĻᡣ
ĬĬ
˵·
ߵ··أ
һ߲ȷأ
̾˿
˭Ҳ֪


704 ^^
뿪ӦǼʱ, ·ϻǺֵġ̶, ·ʱʱܿĹïʢݡ
ԽߣǰԽĿ, Ҳû·ˡ
̶ӳ̲·, ΪĻ࣬Ϊϧһֱߵ̵ģʱһʮﶼ߲ΪȣȵʱҪϢ, Ϣţ¿Ϣ
Щ˵Ȼû취Թ, ·, ҲǸˡ
, ˾ԽԽϤû취, ̶Уǰ⼸˿֮⣬˻˵塢
һֱܳĬڷ̨ǿǶ, һϣûָܰһеﶼѹ, ڶС
Ȼûгһž޵, һֱû, ÿһļӵܶͶʵ, ʲô٣һһǴֲϣС˵һ̨ʮ߸볯Ϊ١
ȴĺͷҺﵱٶȱЩĻʵѡʱ¾ټ˾˵ĳĳ丸ĳ٣Ӽ
ʵʮа˾ž͵ҵˡ
˵ҸС𡱵ġյ̨þͰҵ˶ϻˣʱҲ״ĵطֻ
ǵǲǺ޹Ǿù̺򣬿ܸС𡱡
ҲǷ̨µĵ£ܾðֹԣһƣ棬ǰˣأִһƣݡ
˵̨µֻƣѾ챻ͷˡ
ҲԽԽˡ
ƹ빬Ϊ࣬Ϊǹʼ³ˣתͷʼñҵźš
࣬ǹһ١
λة֮£ةΪΪ˼壬Ϊְ֮
ǫ顱˵ûʸة࣬ǳƹθ࣬
Ǻǫ飬һΪʲôҪһࣿû˸ֱʰֹ
ϻθ࣬»ء
Ҳû˸Ұ⻰˵ò˵Ͳˡ
ЦǲֹһҵʲôųƵϴҵ
Ҳ˵ҲֻԼûҲ˼Ϊ˼󣬷Լ񲻳ǻǸʲô
ΪڱĻѾƵǿˣ֮ͬ˵Ʈ죬֪ԡ
ͬһ˽ûн̨̫ˣڶԷΪһ·ˣһֱŶԷߡ
ҵӣǰûԲ˽⣬ദ죬ͿǸʲôˡ
Ǹߣŵ²䡣
һֱ˵ֹⲽߴˣڷְֹҰĵʱûֹ
ӦŮ³ȫǲ̨³˵
ΪҲ㣬˵ʱѾϰ˲ȥѵҪ˭ɤӴ
ֹЮ۱ʮߣ˭ܸߣ˷
⣬ֱ˵ŮΪףֻҪǲߣιӸ
ʣδתôֹ߰أ
̨µֹ
һʵˣܲɥ
뷨ʱѾԽԽûʲôˡ
ǱϾǻʵ۰ѵܷŲܣ丯
ʵûʵۺúõģʵһֱû£ҿԷˡ
ֹˣ̫ܿӣܿ͸ʵ۷ɥ̫ܿӼλΪۣǴԭΪ·
ֹˣ̫ȴӰû
ʵҲһҲû
֮ǰ˵ȥ󣬻ʵزðֹչˡΪʵʧȥһĸٸһ㡣
ɽԺ󣬻ʵ۾ʧˡ
ʵ϶Ҫģ챣ӻʵۿá
ȻûãҲûҽҩ϶ҪŰѰҽҩ˻κ˶иۡ
ھûнۡ˵ˣʵڰֹ֮һϢˡ
ˣ
Ϊʲôɥ
Ʋ⣬Ϊ̨˿϶ô󵨣
ѻʵ۵ʬĸؽ䷢á
ֹ۵Ĺƣʵһʼûֻϲ⡣ǰʮ궼ûˣȻܼˡ
ֹһʵ۷ġʵվ̨ǰ
Իʵû¡Ҫпֹ
˵Ѱֹû⣬ʵôʵۻǲܼ˰
ػشˣϵ˵ҳ
Ȼ׷ʣҳںδ
ֲ˵ˣת˵³˵ı
屾Ҫ湫˵֮ͲؿˣʣЩԭԹ΢ǵģҲԼ
Ҷòϣ°ֹ⣬Ҳֻˡ
ʵһֱûã֮ǰ£˻ҵĸչʧ٣ҵԹ
ĬĬͷһҲ뷨
˽£ܶĻ϶Ѿ۹˵¹˥ǳȺ˻ңֽ軨ನչֻȨϧ۽̫Сȴ˴
ǧҲô׾ٵľͰѷ̨õġ
֮⣬ʵûжӣҲûֵܡƾҲѡ
ֹٲãٶ࣬Ψһһ
ǿ
Ʒʱȵһѡ֮취
ûʲô˵ˡҿʼҪȥͶͣһߵ˿
Ϊӹʵܲλúãı࣬ռ̨ߣʱ۹ļӦҲһ㡣
ͶĻպϻ覴á
Ҿˣʲô˵
һȥӹȵġ
ˡû⣬Ŀǰûһ˿ġ
һսĿǰԼֲƲ׳ĺǿҡ
ǾͲ˵Լеһң뿪̶ӺҪȥˡ
嵱ȻҲ˵
ѻʵںӹȵϢ͸¶ӳȥֿʱ˼ҪʲôϢͳȥ
򵥵ģʱͷȻҲ£ҲһʱгģһʱѡȢ޼ŮյոףȵȡԲһңϢն͸¶ȥ
ΣԾ͸ˣҲױ˷֡
һ۵Сǣ֮ˣ˵ʵ۵䣬ȫҲȡˡ
ʲô
Զĵƽϳһ󲻴ıݡ
̶еһֱ˻ߵأ䣬żȻݣ̾ͼ
ţǾͿ߳
ݡϣɢļѼȣǷ̨Ӧľ󰡣
˵ĻЩݵļѼɵ˿ˮ
̶ƽʱʳ𶼲ǳЩɱȵˮ͵ֻ̲ˡ
ڿѼȻ̲סˣ
ǾǸģ³ˣһЩǮˡ
Ǵɵþȥץֻһ١
ϸ̶ӣ̶ӵĻ͹ϣǻȥ
Ȼ߶ǻҵĻոǿûôɱˡ̶ӵĻǵѪ֮һվһ𣬿Ͳͬһ߸ɸɾһɱڡ
æϴңѻйȥǸ
ҲϢҴҸ˹ҲǸġ
߶ܿһС粨˲ˡ
Ҳҽһ£˵ⲻǸģվפġ
վüҵվ𣿡
ʱҲϤˣЦҡͷǣǽվңңָԶı˵Ϊʮһ䣬ʮһ䣬һ䡣ǰʮսפҡ
̶վԽԽˣҲԽԽˡѼҲԽԽˣû˵Ҫˡ
ӵĻɵ˼
վеʿҪ򾮡·ء
Ǵ³ģ˵³ҲվרŴݹ顣վĶϱϱ±
һ̶ӵ˿࣬˿ԲѴ֮һ򾡡
Ц˵ǰûٳԿĲŸˣ˾Ͳˡ


705 
˿ڴ, СƳࡢ٣ֳҧ԰˴󲡡
ԽԽԶ֮·ϱøˡọ̀ԵʳҲԽԽ, ʡ
ĿڴǳԸɱĥģͷ, θ, ΪֲӲʵĸɱܾĥ
ֻ, ɿڵƤ³ֵʳﵽԿʳƱˡ
ڳŹƤʱ򶼲Ķݡ
Ͽɽ
ͬе, й, ͨͨģգɵðѪ˿ɱܳȥˣˮø, ȻֻܳԵϡ
, ˵;û취ˮ󿪣˴ϪˮŻᲡøҲûбҩֻܸȶһ, ܻܲһܳԵ, ǹ˵ġ
ȥʱɵóЦ, ʱ˵ǻˡ
ȱһ, һŵ㣬죬Ȼ˵ôһã֪ʢ顣
ǺˣζԸˡҪȥѰԼĿе;
̶ӵ˱ǸӦ
ͷĻǴſضңɴ棬䳤ۡڳֵİҲ⸱硣
ȥѯʹ˵Ϊ˷ֹɹˡ
ҡͷЦҾΪѵԽԽ죬̫ôĵطҪʵЩ
Ȼͷ̶ӵ˻ݣ֪ǵʳǵˣܿץһѳԣǵҲݵĳԣͣ
ȥԳݡ
ӷֺ˴ֵ֪һĵݣҪȥĵطȻֵǮ
Ӷ˵ݿιʡˡ
ǰûаݵҪϣںӹȸ˳ԵĶˣܰĶأ˵ʳûóˡ
ݾͳ˾ĶҲԳԣȻʳôҲԲˡ
ôۣͳһõĶˡ
ںӹ͸ݣйݻ³ݡ
ųһΣǳѽʣֻӲȥڶ쾹ȻѵõĴǳ˳һӾⶫĺôȻҲÿһݡ
Ĵ˵ǳԲߣĸ֮ܲ˳ݣԵĶҲԣ
Եʱ߿Ͽ
һܵӡӬͲ֪ʲôĳӡ
˶ҧòᣬϡϡȡ
ɵģĳʱ㣬Ѭ϶ζżҲᱻҧ
岻ò𣬵ǰûҲҪ顣Լҵ֮˳֪ڡ
ⶫӿ²ˣӲϰ͡㣬Ӿ˵ԸûǮģӲҪ飬۵۾ðѪˡ
ȴİ͸У˵ٸù߱ˡ
ܳлȥ룬ʮֻ֪Ĺϵ˵³ģԨԴҲ³塣˵չһ
ô֪ҵ·أ
벻ֻܼͨպȥһ
ежġ
ܲҧ˯һݸж͸ˡ
ûǰ治֪ӬһȺΧߣ֪СŴϯҧһһ
Լʱ粻һҵӣ⸱ӣȥؤûһ⡣
һգڹκӡԴӷгں֮ͷⱲӶˣͷɾ
ӸպˮôЦ˵С
Ź°ͣЦЦ˵顢ʭӡһûϴˣҶһܲԼҪʭӡܲˣ
ȴѵҪ˵ӻŰɡںӹǱ߲ϲ³ˣҲϲ³סΪֻ³˲ӡ°͹ȥˣԳ¡
ȻֻίԼ°Ѻ
ʭۣͷӡëŨ֮ʭӡ
һܵչˣ岻ɵʣչңʵڽѰ֪αźá
ЦӲطϣʵ߹ӣһ·ȥҼҪȫġ䲻֪Ҫȥʲôﶪҿû취ȥ
Ϊ뾹ǹһʱĳӿ૵Ȼǹ𡭡Ȼ֪𡭡
ĵȻˣ湫µģϵҲǹݶȻҪϵڹϲŶԡ
ָѾӽˣ˾ӣһ¡еӦûмһ¾Ҫ뿪ˣ߲ߡ
һսΧûдһϱ߸һС򶼱ҪʳǮ׳ܹ֮
һߵġ
ߺ˳˼
һǺ˽ͬеļˡ
˶ƾһǻ뿪˼ңѾ˺ˣȴҿ˵Ҫȥ
˵ÿһγŶ߰˸ˣ;ҪȥҲв١һΪһڣҷˡ
⼸ѾһδˡΪǵһμ棬ǳ޷˭ҲҰԼ˼г
³ǰһΡ
˽̶ߡ
ͣ£⼸˲֪²żһˡߣͣ£·ҲЩ
ȴͣ¸ãһҪٰһСǵˡͺܷˡ
ڶС׳ͷʱֻ֮ҪļͶζǱˣƭһϯ֮ҲסС˲ž٣סͷ
Գ
δǴСһ𳤴ģǡȻ˼ꡣ
ЦǷ˰ɣ·̫಻ˣ
̾ҴؾûԹôĿࡣƿ·ô˿ƣ϶ҧ˶ٸˣ壬ۡתȥô˿ӣӲӵҧҲǣô˿ƨɣΪƨҧҲС
һŰ߿³˵ˣǾ¸ͣ£ȥʰЩԵõġ
׼ߣϢһ͸ȥһƬЦ˼ȿ壬Щ·֮ǰҲôԼͲôˣϾԼֻһ룬ֱˡ
뿪ֳһСӣ϶ʮʮмԼ߰˸ˣӴ·뿪Сȥ
ûˣӾ͹Ȼ嵽ĳסˡ
ӵĳ̾Ϊֹ˼⳵濴ŲۣĽĲˣ
Ӹ˵ǰȻýʵгġ
ĳ˵ͶˣһĳΪٵӦöԷޡ
ôһ˵ͶˡӦǸǵְɣ·һξ˵ģһ޺֮ÿ궼Ҫޣ൱ķ
ʲСǾΪûпеĵطĻҲֻҧš
ӦöԣпҲࡣԱһԷֵÿ۵ͬ飬ҾΪпԷֵˣ˭˭پͺìܣľͽɳˡ
һսֳƽǡĳһǵĽҼ֪ǳʲôԭ򣬽һŮ޵˶ǸĶҡǲ֪ǺԵʣŮʮֻˣҾͽ˳
ҺͶҶգ£鲻Ϊ˵ҲĳøˣʮѾභ˼ˡ
ŵʣǴˣ
Ц˶ѣûϹûط򡣵˻ǵһ߳ǽպˣڻû
ⲻǴˣʲôǴˣ
֮࣬ɵø֮̾Զʤ̨ˡ
ȱٽ̻ҡͷ˵һЩСìܣߵĶܣ˴ìܡ
̨ϲô˵浶ǹĴֻٵģ⼸ʮҲ͡ԺС
岻룬лӵָ㡣
˵ⲻʲôҪȥһǽǣһ߿ԳΪǰɡ
룬Ǿȥǰɡ
ӱΪѡǣӸղŵ¿ȻȽǵ˸ױ
Ҳ벻ͨЩҹﶼʲôԴҾ͹ӵǡ


706 
ϡǽʱ, Ѿֹȥա
ҲѾһѺ, ǵݸ, , ڵʹ಻
Ҳŵȵ˴ǣһҺôһҩ
æлӵĺġ˵ߺ̾ǵطҽûС
ҲԽԽѹˡڼʱҲԼжཿԺ֪жࡣʳס, ûһ˳ĵġ
ڽҪȥĵطȻôҲ, Ҳˡ
ǰȥǵġ·ܽ·, Ŀ, ˰׵ػǰ׵ءݶûһ
߽ǽ, Ŀɿڴǽͺò񻰣͸ˡ
Ź, ǽŵıһӣӰŽȥ
ûб, ʵһп̫ˡ̶ӡ
Ѿܾûô̶ӹˡ
֪Դ³Ժ󣬵ˣĴȫ³̡˷̨, һƬ·³̸ռˡ
ǵشƫԶ, ûǿƵ, ̶Ӹù
ӵͽȥ, ǵĳ, ͬʱҲǶҸӵĶ붭϶ЩΪѡ
ʿǴӳǽϿԶ̶ʱϲѵѾϢˡ
ǲһʷḻĳǣرȥ굽꣬ѾĴ֮󣬰ռͿˣҲûˡ
Ƕ̶ܴҪĶ
ϣ̶ܴһЩ¡
Դ˲֮󣬶ѾдûеõϢˡ
һλǱ˵һƭ˻ʵ۵Σʵ۷Ѻӹȵĸ֮ƭΪأΪ˴
ǡ⡱¸߶ϵġ
Ժ֪ﻢˡ
ֻͬΪ𲻿ϰѶӶ͵ȥֻԸЩǮ
˲̫ˡ
֮Σÿض˵ȥʢ٣պҲϵ֡
ϲһ㱻˵ˣǱġ
Ժ󣬶ͺӱĵطõϢҲ˳ȥ̽ǳ⣬ɳȥصˣûлҲûš
²ɳȥ˿ܶ˲⣬Ҳ˳ȥˡ
Ҳ֪Ϣرôˣôˡһʤǣʤˣ»˭أӴؼ䣬ĺڰײǵߵ
ϵףǽɡһȺʲôµģ
ֻϸǮϸˣ߶ϣеĶ׳ܱǣգġŵ
ԶϾóļٸûʲô
ȴСʹ۵ԸرڶЩƭߺǷ·𾪹֮񣬷֮
ٿ
˴̶ӣڳԵȼ졣
ϲ⣬̶ˣæʣһأ
𣺡ˣ˵ˣʱٰ׷ˡǵ˺ü죬Ƿթûʲôͼıĵط˲ߣ⡣
죬̶ӵϢִˡ̶˵ȻܷǽȥҲֻǶˮˣܴܲӳЩˮ
Ҫ˵Ѿе˵˵öǴ˴Σ
һվ
æʣ˶٣ǳһСҲʮˣöţ࣡˵ǸԵģҿˣֻҪһ飬˳Ҳû⣡Σ
˲϶˵ʹ϶ӸСš
ʱ򣬳ŴѾһЩգų̶ţȻ˶
еİջŲӣһεġ
Ҹӵˣ׷׵
ˣ
ү
Сӣ
ǶĶӣǰ滹ز۵ĸ磬СǰڳдУ԰մ඼ʶϣСӡ
𽻴ϣһǣɢȥ
˵²̶ӽǼҲҪ
ͷȻ֪
˳ǽһͿ̶ѾڲԶͣΧһȦ
ʣأ
һʿѵȥϹóһҺɫʯͷ
򣬿̴࣬ȷʵʯ
ʿԼм
ʿЩȶֱ嵽ʮӣʣµĶǲݡ
ҧҧֻܷЩ˽ˡ
һδٽʮǧǧθǵİշ֣ôˣܴôͲȱˡ
ǰõ˲ˣҲ
˳ţڸվùܼȥϰգŶϻ˼ҡ
Ϊܾˣʮֽ
϶ؼ֮׼͵ᣬﻹҪ´ɨȥ˹
ϾȰκ׹𣿡
̾ԭǼ̼Ҷˣ㿴ǰûζûˡҲ̾ܡѾˡ
ǳߵģ˵ǿˣȡ
³̸ʱЩµġҲҪһˣ
ң˴ǸԵΡʲôĵطŻҪôרԵأôأ
Զ׼
֪ΪǼεķϣø׸⣬һʿӣֻΪӴһˡ
һʱ˶ˣ㣬˵Ľһ󣬿ǶӦϻǻһҪ˶ǵĳŵ
һ˵ԸһŮ޸ˡҪÿ궼ûбﰲҸ׵ˡ
ŮǸѸȻˣҲҲ֮ŮһǾԹġ
ɵӴʱ˾ͲŮˡ
ʵӺ忴ԸȢ޵ˡ
ʹһµĿ࣬ĸߴֱͦأ̬ϾܿͨġǸĴ˴߽ʱûϵˡһˣοأ
Ӿ͸ˣȻҲϵĴ˶ҪһЩ
һȥ֪˲ġ
ԶҪ˳öࡣ
ΪҪǡ
ָ˵빫Ƿ̨ӵܣΪ˸ϳѧȻٰ㲻Ը뿪˼ţĵط
빫ˮʮֲʣҪ·ȲҪ빫иһ֮ʿ
ö˽ܵ飬Ը빫ӰҵĻԸлǡ
һǽԴϲ
æκʳ£ֻüʹӦˣԸѴʮֱ͸
æԸǮ̶ֻÿһΣЩλʳ֮ĳм֮
ȫӦˡ
忴Ҳȷʵܲң൱ûоĲҲЩ鷳ڴ֮ĲСȴʮĥˡɶȷʵû־ϸҽ
ӵŶ氲ο壬һᾡҽҩ塰ԴƬ̡
ӰѴĶȫˣݵǴˣǵ˲Ҫ
֮ͳ˶ҵϱ͡϶ºܺ棬Ƿ̨ҳϾߡ
ưѸøĶˡ
磬ѾˣĸںϣѰһӢϧΪ裬ظ뿪һ¾ܲ˿ˡ
϶е㿴𣬵ö࣬д˶ϵģ֮ǰ˵뿪Ҵһҵȴ嶼Ȳϡ
ʫ飬ȴ־
ϸʶԽ࣬Խɸ֡粻壬˳쳳ȥȴԽԽá
ȵʱ̾͸塣Ĳ⣬Ȼ뱨Ļ׳־Ƕ˼ݹǺͻɡ
涭ǳ⡣


707 
վڵ, ĿԶ
·˶͵͵Цָָ㡣
콫
˵ˡ
˵, ˣкˡ
ǰЦ̨Ϲʱ˵ˣҲЦһ䡣
Ѿõˣʹ°ĵ¡ܴӴ￴䣬ϲе󡭡
е£ӦʱܡҪһ, ֹҲܱ֤һʧûΣաûżϸ
ΪҲСһ£û뵽쿴벻ͨ
ȵ, ʱ÷ֻ, ڡ벻ͨ
һãСûºҸĸ, ̫ࡰ顱ˡĹ, һĸ׸ëѡ衱, ׸ëѲ֪ô, ȻҲÿ۵˯һֱ˵ĵطûȥҲû, Щδ֪̫ˡ
ԺͲ˵
Խ, Խûа취͸ߵˡ, ǵǰ
ǰҲûôˡ
ҡָо̫ˡ
ʲô㶼Ըҡ˵
ıھᣬһبŵ
ܵĿʼ£㻳Ӳģ
Ȼźͽĸ飬ʱ˾ǻĵǡһɵأ
ʲôãȻ̧ͷȻôģҲղôɵĲ񻰣Ǳ˵ģһ
ṩһ˼·
һץһӻҵҰӣҵͷϣкܶ˵˵˭
䲻УϥϼڳˣͷԵ˵Ҳ֪Ǿá¶࣬ʱ򡣡ӵضĶӡ
Ŷӣϲ𣿡ͷϲڡ
ĻѾˡ
̧ͷ۾˵ҺϲǳϲǳˣȡʲôˣĶе㽩Ӳˡ
ʱһ㶼֪֪ʱ򣬺Ѿܺˡ
ڶ
һǵڶ
ڽ仳˵ûϵûʲôסˡƣһжҵ֮С
§Ҳҵӡ
û⡣
ֱ㡣
ıֱκģ֣صͷ˵ɡ
ʵһʵӦýлʼһ̫ţֱףҪһ㣬ȥˡ
һ̳з̳зȥĥ㷨ˡ
ڴͺʹҲлʵۻͼ̳зģûĽ֡͵Ļʵۻͼ̳здڼʫʫ͵Ǵ͵ķˣ𱰣ũ棬һļдú
Ļһסʵ۽飬ѡ֮Ů֮ŮһʼȷʵָʵۺʹҵġŮˡֹŮҲӻĸסڴʷµʫвȱһҵĻʵ۵ĸ׻󰮵ƪ£лӦģ
ΪҪ˺ܳʱĿΣӭིʱĿ࣬ʧЦӭ˵׷󣬴ӹһġŮӱϾһսûκεԡ
ʱӭĽУַӭɵġ
ڷ̨ɣ˼뵽Ϊиָķչ
ٴᵽ˼ķչʵʵĹϵ˳ʱ˼ȴִûʲô
ӭǹɣе塣
ðͻ˵Ϊİͻûģڸּҹ桢桢׵ԼŤģǿеһڷһǿСһ£ֹ˵Ϊ˵飬Ǵġ
ΪһŮǱ˵ӶȥͲԣڴʱǿ˴ͲУΪǴ͵һ״
Ȼб״ڼĸӡ
ǸɵһԱ
ʵ۽ӦѡŮˣѡŮˣлʵ۵Ķ˭м̳Ȩ˭ûм̳Ȩڼʫдľ˭ܴ롰ҡ
ҡָȡ
ǴеĻʼһͻʼҼ̳зˡ
㲻ֹڼʫдҪȷİɷ䣬ҪúִС
ڵȻֻǳ壬ԺҪ޸ġֻȸһܡ
ȣԼŮˣʵ۾Ůۣԡ̳зУŮԿΪۣм̳ȨͿ˭ǵһӡ
ûĻΪһλ̳ˡ
ȻΪеۺŮۣԼȢͲˣΪ顱
ŮۣɷͲܽлʺ󣬸ΪҲ˵ǻ󣬻⽪Ϊ
Ҳףǰں󣬰壬ᡣ
ʵ۳ʺзˣŮ۳⣬ָ˹򡢲ӡеλĺҼ˵ŮۣλǷ⡣
պûˣȫɺ󹬾λҲ֡
ʵֻлʺĲΪ̫ӣŮͼˣŮģֻеһм̳Ȩ
ǵ仹űպǽˣҲıȨй涨ʺԿڳϵ٣ֻܵһƷ٣ҲĿΪ࣬ΪƷУپֻܵǸ
ƽͿǵˡΪ˱֤ľȨӰ졣
򵥽һ£ҪǸ߽䣬ʵǻǿԽģ˾ˡ
ȢӦȢ
ˡ
鲻˵Ļ򲻿ģеãȻû
ǵһֱΪǲġԶԷ޵ݳǰҲܹĺӡ
ѾˣͿˡ
ӣɷǵĺӣһӹ˶þͻؽְ֣ųԺе
ϢŹϵÿһֱ仯㡭Ը𣿡
ǵһʶĿ档ʼͷûãҲûͿֻ֬ͿһЩ׷ۡ
ġĥһ¸ôʣܡ
ˣ룬׵˵ܡڿѾûҵĵˡʵ˶Сˡɵ˶
Լء
ǡ
İѶţȶ¾Ϳʼ߳ûˣûˣûˣûǮˡ
͡ɽϣЦãһͷʵû˼æ϶˵ֻѵģġ
ĹںδЦʡ
ȻԸѶӽйζϢԼˡ
һϣӭֲס´·һղ
±׵ֱһټȻ̲ס
㳤ƽѧʶḻΪѵˣҲһ֮¾Ϊֿѡ
塭ǿǵڶֿˡ
ĹӣǽҺ룡Ҿһ
ϻ񣬡Ҳʮ
ʱϲޣŶϾҪȥ˵Ļöǧðˣ͵ͣٷдˡ
𼱵ҪѪֲֻ̫ŶӱˣһζӻҪߣֻװˡ
ȰϸһͶġȻ̫󣬵ҲСҵԵԱ߾һǣΧûбھˣһɹ˿صĺλá
˶ϣպǲ䵽
¶ĽύȻöû˶óϷ
ϣ붭Ͻ̸ͻȻֶϵð˼ʻ
˵ã·Ӣͬʢ٣ͻȻ˵ɴҸΪսϣͨ
˵û·ӹȲûʲôɹ˼ɵˡ
˵ӹȻˣ˺ӹĳ⣬ʮųСЮǿ·δôô򡣡
ȵʿգ˲ͬ𣿡
ȻǶһģһ£̹Լһ̨ҵĹӣΪ˽ųû־úܶ࣬ЩŻ
ѣΪ
Ȼͼˮ۵塣
ǰŽˮ۾Ͳˮˣҩû͵ˮˣ𣿸Һȣ
վ⣬ǳΡǸˣ̲ס˽ȥ


708 ȥ
̫үͼһּġ
Ժ, ּһֱꡣʱѾ֪Լĵ˭ˣ, ֻּܸգԳƷ̨ϡ
ʱء
彵󣬾Ҫѡˡ
Ϊ͸պãҲѿѪԵҲǡԼˡ, ּȥͳˡ
ǰϲ壬󣬶ҴСͻݺˣ
СʱͱܶΡ
ΪҪʱ屧ȥԷ
Ϸ, úóԷ
ʱȥ˯
Ϸ, ú˯
ʱȥϿΡ
Ϸúñ顣
嵱ʱС, ܲ, ǰһֱһӾܱ, , ʹ֮⣬Ҳɲ˱ġ
Ժûˣ굽ȥץܰƭ̫̫ȥ
Ȼֻּ, ̫̫ж̫̫һᷢ, һ
δ, Ҳɹ߹
Ȼ䵽ϺݺݵĴģ
Ȼ壬Сʱûٴƨɡ
ǵãʱͻȻ¡ˣͻȻˣͻȻˣ̫̫ͻԿͷͻ̫̫߿Ụ
ʱһ֡ӳɡοСȻʱҲʮѡ
Ȼĳʵġĸĸʱ䳤һһ˵֮⣬Ǹ塣
Сëúܣܲϲ߱ˣΪǿᱻ˿ЦǸĵЩСëڷʱ˭Ҳ˵
֪ë˶Ժ󣬲ǿԸɱˣͰʳĥɷۣɺι
˵̫֣ڿڴĥøʹͰѷĥϸɸϸ׺
ɿڴԽԽأá
˾ÿҰҩŶǵҽ
ȻͷֻҪڣһˮȣ
ֲ̣ÿڴòˣ
ȣ첻һͺͱ˯˰ס壬ϴ
סӽУҪൽȥˣˣ찡
ͻȻ˳ˣ˵˼യ֮࣬ĳ̽
˻ͷһˣ̨ˡ
˭
ɽϣЦԽ˵ļ磬ֱһ룬һѺ**°ϵʿӡ
ÿЦ̨ЦˣҼڴҶˮʹʵˡ
ЦⲡҲùȷʵĥˡҼﻹҩüɺãæлллѽɾҵˣҲллǹԮ֣˲ʹ
澪ȵĿ仰Ĺ·һʣѾˡ
ǻҲȥȥ˵ϻ
·ġ
Ҳû˿Ҿ˵ģǵķ̨ңԾɱŹȥķⲻ֣ӵҲ㾡һһɳ졣
һôӵġΪ游ƫӵܣ͸ƫȥˣϷƣס˻ûиСء
СЩƫţô顣ֳһһģӶ鵽ǵ඼޿ޣȢĺӶܰȥĵⱲֻҪڼԳԺȺȾˡֳرãʶû취ʣ
ʵ˵ô󣬻ûһ˼ɾ͡
Ĵ˶š
ڼóûĻɡѧ˼ĵ۴ĿգûʵѧΨһĺôǶ黹ʵǳ̨ģЩ֪ĸһ㡣
䲻˵Ĵߣ̨ϴһգµ齡ȫˣһֻӶҲˡ
ʱˤľƱ
Ϻȶˣղû
ȵͨ죬񶼷ֱˣҲ˷ֲʵ
Ϊпʵ
Ƭ̣ǿźһ󣬲װˡ
ȻڶʹӶ뿪ˡ
Ҫ֤⻰Ǽ٣ȥǼĺӹȣȥ̨
ֻ̨һǱȥһѣ
ҰϢ͸¶ȥԼȲ˵
˶ᣬǱ˷̨һ̨˵̨ͦýģΪһ³˽ŰֹĳţǮԸټͲš
ӿ̨˻ھʱʱľĳΪֻþʮŸľһ˽ⲻ֮ԭͣʵڽ˲֪˵ʲôá
ˣԼǱ⣬һ˽̽
˵ⰲֹסڹûסʵۻľɹȥ
²ʵڣǾӦڹ
ʵϵڣѾ̫ĻˣΪ̨°ƽͣм١ôû˻ʵ۵ĵط
ȻˣҪһܿտС
ʲôҵһͽıڣûʲôǮӣ빬ҵʵۣΪҪһʵ۸״
̨
ڿһܾ˵ǳ̵ģ͡
һФġ
ФľңҲûΪ٣ﲻڷ̨ҲЩǰбȽмҵ˼ңΪԼҵպãҶ˵ϻ
Фе㲻̫һʮΪ͡
ʱͳȥʦ飬뷨ФΪĳһӵܵĴˣȻЯ壬պӵҵӻӵݳιְͷˡ
ФСʱûѧôľֻǶѧա
Ҳȷʵʦľټ£ĳһΪ͡
ˣһоͱòͬˡ
Ф˵³ľɵúõĻͿԵ٣³Ҳȷʵķ䣬˵Ѿ˿ֻʲôĵõ˷͡
ФҾĶˡ
ûðԼҵӵȥ뵽Ф
ǺФҵûж飬ʶǣϵֹʱʲôŭûзܷͣ
Ф֪ĴȻӦ˼Ҵǳ֮»ؼҡ
Ȼûѧľ֪ǲı죬ڵʱһֻСıϲ
һƷǽеս
ڷ̨սСĿԼˣǿͶʯȹġ
ʱĴСϵͶʯ͹Ǵܴܲ㹻ġ˵ͶʯûսˣǸ
ĳ첻ˣЩԯֵ㣬㣬ס
ʵ⡣ҪЩϵһ
ѾʶұѾ˱ͻƵʱˡŻǸô䰮
ʱͻȻһһģ͹˵Ȼǰûʲôͬɢܡ
ˣ˨ģϣȻ
ûɢ
ּˣֱ߸ˣ˶ûܰɢܡ
ͲˣФһ飬˵ģظصĹԸһλ
Ʒĳŵ
ФһôףϴӦ
˵ԼСԺųڸоģ͡
е㻳ģɢΪͿ˽һճż
ʵ˵ûָĽҲԸҪ
ùȴ취ģͲ𿪣ͼֽٽиϸµо
Щ˶ԸúܣһľǶûʲôѵġһȺΧģ߰춼ûаȱĽ⿪İա
Ŀǵõ˸⣺Ȼ
̾ϢǾͿϧˡ
ӵϿʱ˻ر˽רŴʵ۵¡
ΪǲģǮܽţԽвȫвŻġ
Ҳʹ죬ǮҲֻŵǽһξˣ͵ι۷ˡ
ڹǰÿ춼кܶˣżҲᵽתһȦͻᱻˣܵڵĺȥ
ܣǷǳԵġ
ǿģΪԼһֱһȺһ
ӹ߽¿ʲôܿһ
͹㶼Ц
ȥѽǶ㿪㣬͵͵ײˡ
ЦŵͷǶףȥȥ


709 ^^
̨һƶ, ֪Ϊʲô𴦵ĵضׯڣһʲô˵׵ء
ﱻĳ˷صأ˼ʱƽʱҲûʲô
ŵܵܺϱڷǰͷֱһڵ, ͻؼˡȥ·ϱ͵̲ܵܶס˵ˣҲûõԵġ
˵ǹˮǹ˵, ʱĶù, ǶǾ̻, 򶼴, ֻˮɾ, ζ, ʺϵˡ˵Ļд
ϱĵ˵ͷǰ˵Ĳ
ܵ˵ʡǮ
ǰһصҪǮɣⶼҪУҪǮ, ɩӻҪ֯һ鲼ϡ⻹ǰһأҪһأҪǮ
һε, Ҫ¶ӡ
ÿ˵ҲҪĻء
ڹ˵﹩Ķ, һ쵽ϴأҲ̫Тˣô, ˭ҪҪȥһ, һʮ, һ춼ţ
Ժֻһһأ
һ꣬ʡȢϱǮˡϱȢˣϱǸҺȢģϱң굽˼ȥϱãϱͲˡ
ĸҶϱأϱԲԲģͷģ˵ء
ĺϱɲ
һ˻صڷһܹĳֻгͷûг壬ڳԯ¡
ʲôʡ
峤Ǹˣдÿһ˵֣ǰûֵģ峤ȡˣŮСûյĶȸ˴գо壬ûյĶ
峤ҲеͿ˵ǰĸʾ˵иָųͷ˵˨ţ¿ȻںߣͿ԰ѵظˡָһˣѳͷͷ
ȵʡ˰
ճɲãֻݣݻʳֵֻö㣬ܻʳڸ嶼ڿµأʱֵĵضܴ
ɿѵöֵ࣬ùÿ˶ãŮҲһµҲ
峤ǰ⻹ǹء
̨
˵Ѿÿˣ͵ðǸϽһãǵһвõĵطһܸĹˡ
ԱЦ˵ûڿ죬Ҳûڶ࣬ĵطֻˡóʱ俴˶ǲڡ
ڷ̨ϣΪһֱ䡢Եʣ࣬ţȽܻӭ
ţˣƹûеġ糵ҲУһǵá
ܲһе糵ˣһͷţ˾ܰһĶظˡ
ʡʱ
ȷټͷʵģʹ㣬̫⡣͵µʽͷͷӣֱ͸ͬĵʹãͳһıõ࣬ð⡣
Ψһǵţ࣬гϵ˿԰ţ޸ʹá
һз˵еĴûţ͹
Ͱɣ
ǳţĸ߶ġ
˵ǰѳˡ

䰡
˵͹Ļʲô
ΪԵʣڷʱ˼ɡǰкѰҲصͲԣû
Ǿ˴ӱĵطˡ
ĺôڣһࣻڶʲôС
һϣе㲻ˡ
Ǵȥ𣬷̨¾˿ʼǵ͸ˡ
ŵѡʱ˾ž;󣬲һ԰ɡͰڳǰˡ
ˣųˡ
ȴ׻֮ûзŰ۾ϣȻƽʱιǸǰʳͰգȻĳˣ

ǣڶĸȸĵʺ򡢹ߣ
ģͱ̭ˣǷûйĺʹĲòţѵںţҧţǰţЧ൱ã
ŵһµı治òǵǻۣףΪֻţ
ţĸأ͹Ķֻǳأۺţá
ûţʱ򣬴պ͹Ҳû취ġ
º󣬱ţռ֮һ¿ռķ֮һʣµĶ͹ġ
ţԲУͬʱͷͷţҲʹͷ¿ͷͷģ͹ֻһͷͷġ
ͷµĸܻӭͷõ١
ţ˻иı䡣
𱨸ֶһͷĸʣµĶԲˡ
ܽض˵ˮˮλˣˮˮλҲ½ˣ
̲סߵ⣬һƬʡϣܿơ
һеطѾʼˡԭתȦŶ˵°ɣ°ɣ
Ļүˣҹ߹ףһһ
ôûŵ۴ޣҹ͵굽ͽм䣬Ұְְ֣󣡡
䱧סŮͿѵĴӴôĶߣҪȥ濴
ʲôÿģ𣿡˵
꣬ɾǵˡ̾ˡ
վڵ£һҹ˵ǵϡ
찡Цţתͷ˵ӿɲˡ
һ仰нüͷҲչˡ
ǡ
ĿڴѾˣΪ˲ⶭǵࡰſѸϢ˯Ͼٱ
˲վɰ˯
ֻ÷չһҪȤÿҹ
˵ȻûʲôоͼҲżǳҲǶģȻô׼ҲܲϼΡ
ݶ£ǡ
ſž˯ˡ
Ǿͱˡ
˯һͻȻ⼸춼ݶϿǵģ̴ӴһûˣܵͥԺݶƨƨǲǻ棿
ĨһˮŲӶ溰˵˲ҪСˣ
Ȼ棬òᣬһҴݶȥ
˻صһʪܵġ
ȥˮϴ裬ˮǷˮܹһҪϴģȻһ
ݽľͰ̵ȥʱûסݺݵһƨɣĽȥˡ
СʱͲӡ˵
Сʱиëӡëԭʲôû֪ԼҲ벻ʱôˡʱҪӣܴܵ棬ͥԺתϼȦ
Դ˲ŸС
峤֪Լһ׮£Ϊܣ˴û취֮⣬Ӷ֪С
ͰﱧԹ˵Ժˡ
ݹ裬ȹҩڶȻװˡ
Ϸǳܸҵˣǰе㿴壬һϯ̸ȫǵĻ󣬶ϲŶĹˡ
һֱѶϴ磬ϲḸףֲѣһ壬ǡȫˡ
屾ڶǵģȰңһĲѧ
ϸ֮󣬾Ϳʼˡ
㻹ءسͲΪ
ֻ֪Ǹ˵ûĻ
ĵʴˣ˵ûɣ˵һ䣬һûأûӦأ
ˣ
ˣ
̨
סҡ
̨ĸ˶ѼԺӳԶεʿӡ
ΪԶ˶ʼӿ̨ˣЩʿӴƾһǻ¾İĵطûѣҲҲסĵط
һʼˣֲһֱ¡
صİҲʼַʽˡ
Ժ󣬾ȵķַ̨İվȻÿ͡
סңÿ춼ܺ͸ʿӽ̸ЩĺĶС
һ֮£һЩȻǴġ
Ϊ˵乫ĽֹϧǧǰݷùӴ˾Ͳˡ
乫൱Ϊź󣬾ȻҲˡ
³ɣ³ɾ͹Ȼ鷻˽ġ
ûôڰϵġ
³ϸϸжһɡûж꣬˻ˡ
ûҵʵۡ
еϡ٣˵֮ǰ빬Ůɱˣڵ˶ǰֹġ
Ĵˣûҵµټ
ֻаֹĹû취ȥ
˵ǲ£ڵؽл󣬻һ£ζûҵ


710 ʵ
̨¼޵СϱƵģ̵ľǲ, ĽȴһһԵÿˡ
˷̨Ѿ൱ƽ, ֻǺӴǳʱ, ѾںӴ￪, ݡ«έ³
«έǷǳõľԵҩ, ϯӡӵһֹƷֻǰǴû«έ, ֹ֮, ת, ýȥ, ǾԶԷĿʼҰֵⷢĶһ, һأһǮأ
ǻǾʳӣһֱֵס
ˮλ, ӴϵׯھͶԿó, λڽָӵİһʼЩֳׯ, ӵһӼӽ𣬺ӱߵȫҪˡ
հҲûбİ취ֻհ졣
ʱԲ̫ܣֻðѻû, ιι, ǿջһʧ
̨, , ´ġ
չĴѵˣеһСˡ
࣬һݸ꣬ǹ㣬лëѲɵ̧̧ۡ
ӭȻ󣬵ƫͲţλĩβ
꿴̾˿ûëѣǵݸ˹㡣
ͿˣҲװģĶһ飬ü̾
һ̾ü
ӭһչۣȫ³֡
ȫȱ첲ȵ³֡
ȫǼצƵȱ첲ȵ³֡
д൱ءƽֱԲ˿
һ仰ʮ죬˺ˡ
˺ǽ֧ᴩ˴ǧҰ֮⣬Ҳֳ֧˺ֻ֮һ
ʮıʲô
ô˵ɣ챩ܰѳЩׯݶȫѹ
ʵǸ𿪵ĸ򵥵˵Ǽûеٵģ٣ӿԽεûе٣Ҳû취١
ղζûǮٹٽ԰աǸʲôģľˣϼһݼҵ״ʮأϼٴأһձһ壬˶Ǹͬһְҵģ綼ľǽˡ
ȺΪλۼĲƸ١
ǹٸʱңֻǡ
иԣģҲġ
İտסשסڳסڳ⣬סľͷӻݷ
סשİղ£סľͷӻݷİնܿùʮĴꡣ
̾˿Ҫˡ
̫ˡ˺ӵ˷̨ҪôڵأҪôʮͻ䵽Ϊū
뿿û·߳һض·Ƕ˲ˡ
˵ϻ᲻֧ȫ߳һʳ˵ء
ûС
ȿ˿ڡ
˵պǻµһ󳼣Ҳһ֮⣬̫
̫ӣͲˣԺˡ󣬹ѡ飬Ȣޣ͵ΪΪȫڷ̨ʱٿʣǿ϶ֻڷ̨һطŵģ϶ийĴߡ
Ժʼӵ⣬˲ܷ
빫³ҲֵġҪոĹŲҪս
ֻҪ֣ǵᣬȻݣз͡
Ҳ˵ҪеϵΣһ𣬳Ϸԣڣǵһ
ҲлҪ˵һվÿŻ
һ㤣һһݣڴʷϿûһһ¡
̫˷ˣһλʵ۶û¹ּ
ͷƺΪͱ졣λϣԼҪÿֻ䣬졣
ĬĬͷ
Ӱڣ֪ЩطбꣿӹȲ֪ô
ëѵӹȲ¡кӣƹߡ
ӹǵʱѡΪǨĵطʲôϺõģ˵ʮˣ¶ʮҲͲ
һơ
ԽԽúӹȲǳϧˡ뿴Ҫڶʳֳˡ
Ҳˡ
ȥˣֻҪѿոӹָտɴ
ңŰĺӹȾͬһɢɳʱ׾ٵõֹǺӹĳǣʣµʮǣҲ䵽
ôһ룬ʼҲ˾ˡ
һ̶̵ͣʱϻ¡
һȻγɵĲ·ֱͨ
Ϊڴ˷ֳ¡
վ£ǰĻѾô˺üˡ
վ߷Ҳ֪ʲôʱͣ
ƵꡭˣҲһȫ˰ɣ
Ц˭˵У˭Ҳܲү
ʱˣ·û·ʱؤɡ
һʼûϳѾǰ˵ɹ¸㣡
ܽС˲࣬ϳǡȥϴϴ
еԳ
Ը⣿ҡͷ˵Ҫ£нһûϴˣʵ̲ϵζЭϴ裬ھԡͰǰ˵
ԡͰ˶˳ȥߣֲ֪Ӻ˵˵ʱȥ˶ǡ
㣬˵˵˴аʱ
ڿʼò⣬վˣ
ûһµĶˡЩˣﱻÿտյģ볯ĽˡŮҲȫˡ˿ڿˮʵڣΡ

ԼˣҲֹ칫ˣ˻ʵۣ
һܽ칫Ϊʲôˡ
Ϊûʵв
칫Ʒ˶ŵġһͻȻھʮʱΪץס͵ةࡪΪʲôԾԾҲȴǿ
칫η
ʮ֪㣡
ܲһССةȷ̨һԾŶĿ𾴡
֪ԭˡ
Ϊ칫Ϊʵۣ
Ѿˡ
ڸ̨̾ϵ˵̫ˣ
ʵۡˣǾ
룬Ϊʲǫ̂ϵ˶־һͬŻʵ۶˵¡
Ϊû취ѻʵˣǵʧְҲû취ӱܵģȻػʵ۵һ죬лʱ
һ룬Ÿá
ںܿ˾Ҫߴҡ
̨µǶ£һССҲ
ʵ۱Юֵ£Ӧ֪£
Ѹ⣬Ĵš
£ܡѾˡ
뵱ʡ
֪˵ȥСѱҲܻסǼңҲܻء
³ˡ
ڸмȰ¸ռϷ硣Ҳϸ߱ټֻ˵ţǱӹһ̽
ȥ̨ǲûлʵۣȥӹȿǲлʵۡ
ǰûоûУҲܴӷ̨ҵʵʲôطߣ֮̽󣬾֪ˡ
˵ǰӹȣ࣬ؼ
ʱʲô꣬ʲôˮֶ޷Ƿˡֻ֪ʵ۾ڲںӹȡ


711 
ˤ, ǰһƬĸ米һ¨, 㣡
µ, ˮµһϣӵ¨
Ů͵˼ġ
˵Ժ󣬴֣ϾҪ, ѾܿȭͷĹ, ȫˡ
Ĩ˰, Ĳ֪ˮˮ͸ѵĹȫˣ˵, Ҳܳ, , Ը, ϿԳ⣬Ƥˡ
õĶ
ǰѵĹջȥˣĨ࣬ˮһ󣬾ͳȫҵķ
һڣһСܵﱳϡ
Էʱ, ̲ס˵, ǻȥ𣿡
˵, иǣŮ˺СӹʳǶѧգ˿ҵ¼ûе֣Ҳ԰ֵأūֻǹ͹ֵأҲȥ˶࣬װжһҲ׬Ǯ
гԵģԵıˣﲻˡ
˵ֳˣǮʹȫȥǹӡ
ûˣûǮˣǻȥ𡭡
˵꣬˵͵ͷĬĬˡûǮôȥû취ȥˡ
û˵Ĭĺɫˮͳˣһֱڲڻ
ȴû˯ǰѼ˶Ľ
걻ӵϸϡͿĸŸֳţںҹв֪ǰߡ
֪˶ãʱڵվסǶſ£ʱҪƴܣƴܡ
ͣͣһֱ߷˰ס
еˣӿ𲻸ŵĿϲʣֻƴڸĵǰܡ
ܣֹͣͣһ죬ǲֿˡ
ſڵϣſ˺ܾáСܵĻȫҵĺëˣ̰·⿪ͷСܵܵСܵܰȫ˿
ſһһСӶðˡ
껹ðСݣеĲ¶ͷеѾһġϸϸĲݸӡǰϲ꣬ʲôݶڲ˼죬ðôĲݡ
ſڵϿȥҰȫСݡ
ͷ˼زŽŷǰһҲſڵˣײϣϳԭ塣
ͱͷŮǾ۵һ𣬻ֵźӺҲ۵һǰͷ·
룬϶ȥұˣҶ˵Ҫ·ȴûһߣǸԳ
Ҳãױץȥ
ĹڳſڶǺ˵һץסۡץʱͰˣûҲҪ֣һӶֻܵūԺﶼū
֪㲻ӣ˶þͻץȥūˣҲһ
Ǽأʱץˣһ˴Żڳ̵СܵҲȥ
뵱ūҲ뵱ūȥǣ֪˵ǲġŮô
ţ̲סȥ룬뵽˹ǺҲʶ֣ѧգҲֵأֵػ˰
ܹһ춼ֵˣ
ܴܣ̫ˣ
̨ÿһ춼̨֮ܿⷢʲô
ʱ컹ûѾ緹·˱²׼ǰ̨ˡ
ֱ仯Լеȡ
Ѿ겻ָоˡ
ʱս̨Ż飬׷̨ϵĻʵ빫Ŀ֮ͲڴǸĵطȥˡ
ֹ
ŵ֮
³ة˶óϷıɱ
µֻܶʬɽѪ
ЩԶóϷ
пľ
ЩڰֹҲࡣԼˡ
ĵط
ǰ˳ͿһһСͯ˵Ļ֮߳
վ̨£ԶĿ֪ߵǸ³ӣ³ĵһӣ͵ǸǰֹŮСǳΪ
³֮ǰҲһ˶ѡ
ԣûλֻϡͿĳΪһĸףͲС
мŮӣ顭
ʰ׶ϣȥûߵڵ
˵տʼˡһЩҪҪסǣ
ǸѼĶǸܻ̬ȣ갵̾˿
ôῴôˣôѿ
ӣǻӱػὨѡ乬þġŮӡ
ǵʱ¡ҪҪᰡ
ʱ˵ѡζɣ²ӣʹ֮ˡ
˼ȥ֪ҪôѴ¸ȫʱҪҲҪǵġ
ô˵źأ
ҲҪŽ
ķԽ
˵꣬˰ǰķ˶ȥѵͼŲٰëѵ
ʱŻˣæӭˣ°ɡù緹ˣ
֪ùˣ˰ѽͻùȥ
꿴һ£һкܼ򵥵³ֺ³
ÿؼҶֶѧ³ֺ³ȻûϵѾ̫ˣ鶼ֶ
³ֺ³ĺô׶д
ſһҲˣĸطͳƵ
롭̽ʡ
ָŰľ޴ֽϵĵͼ˵Ҹطǡλһʰأ
ӭࡢëѵԺ󣬶ΧǸֽͼ۵Ȼ죬ëѻ˰ѹвؾҳǰЩط˾ӵģǨˣֵطˮδĵĻǺʺǨ˹ȥġ
ȫ岻ϻˣһ˳һ´֪ʶһԼ¡
³Ѿˣ·ϵʱ䣬յʱ³Ѿֹȥ˰꣬·ˣҲҪϰʱ䡣
ʱû취¡
̾һš
뿪󣬽ӿƺù˲٣ȴԽԽˡ
ʱԽãıԽ޷أһܵġѧġֵ̰Ĵ
ȣֱһе̫ӡ
ȣ˴ӳ̬һ죬һء
ǵء
Σ̸¡ߵʿȫֻᴵԴߺ󣬽ߵʿѾȫȲˡ
ȴȫʿӣպ뽪෴
˵³Ǳߣ֧ѾԶԶʤˡ
ЩȽֻ˽²˸˵ϸû˸ᡣ
ΪĿǰ³ĴҺȨУûһֽ֧ġ
ǽ蹷˾ҧһֱģʱͽѵɱ
Խܴ¶ĻһֱάƲͰѽ͵ɽȥסϼٽл
ϣﲻ罪ܷŵÿһΪеĴ
ΪҪȡʿ˵ֻ֧֣ܷԽԽվߡ
߻ԽİɱһȺţȥĳݣϧûɹշʿ˼
˲ʧЦýҲ˲١
һ֧߾֣ˡ
ﵽڻûȢޣŮίģ϶Ȳ֣
֣ôСҲһ֣׵ĸ֣֣̫
֣ҲվڽһǳҪ֧ߡûʲôЩֽ֧˶ҪҲʧȥ֣֧֡
ʣ֧ߣһ
ڹ뿪󲻵ͱӭΪةࡣȻĳȻΪ˹ǿ̨ͨȫУ¸ɽΪ˷ǳڣǸֶζȱλ׾پͱˡ
һǹⲡȻڻں꣬Ѿľǣ֣ںͱ򣬷һߵκ
ԣĿǰΪֹûлѽȥ
˼죬ʱýˡ
д£Խ̫ӡ


712 
ĵطѾ챩, ̨µˣһƬǼ, нҲĿѧą̇̄Щоࡢ͵ʵĹžŽ屻·˳³дԴ
Ȼ֪ʱѡǹλˣûк, һ۲۵ĸˡ
, ԷĿʼڼҸˮˮأʵȱˮȱˡ
߸ϽͣмƻܽУܷݰǺëѴ˲鿰ǿÿ嶼һڳˮĵط, Щط, ˽ڳˮ
һ, ǲߴپͿʼʳˡ
ŷ, ֮ǰ, Ϊ󵾵ĳɻʣѾѧ, ֱӣǰõ
Ѿ˲ȥũʱ, ֻˮ, Ͻһʳ, ̺ܲջʱ, ǾͿ᲻ᱣˡ
ʱûֵİҲֵĶȥ, ʲôֻҪ־С
żܳԵĶҲӡ
һֱŤתղϲֵصϰߣһ֣ʳԼ֣ԼֳʳŲӡ
϶Ӧõģʿֵ𾴵ģ֪ʶǱġⲢζеİնԶΪ
ϣаٷ֮ʮֵأٷ֮ʮоٹټڴμǣԽԽá
Ըעܴɡ
£ֻøİȥֵأٳһȥаٹټεģֻõģʣµȫɵˡ
ǰ¡̾˿֪֮ǰܲüջ񡣡
ڿʼ仯ˣȷǴʲôʱʼ䣬굽ʮһʱȻһڻ⻹Դ£Ҳͺˡ
ܰϣүϡ
˵ȥ겻аմ𣿡
ҡͷЧرá
ǰȥһֱаôΪĹϵǲõţ޲һʮ죬һֱׯڡǰѸɲݸڵׯڲܶڶҲͿũʱ˴ʱׯѾðͷѿˡ
ǳ࣬󲿷ֵİնеׯڶϸɲݣеǲôееľˡ
ֱʼ˳ǴݣǲŲΪũʱô࣬ջֲⲿʧˡ
ĸɺ̨˱ٺܶ࣬ûʧա
ëѸͳݼģ֪Ϣǰ۴Σ˵˼顱Ȼͱø˳ˣǰеСϱ˳ܣȻԹ£䵭ġԺͱˡ
̨ǰձ䶯ٵһˣΪ˻ԼûԵҲϹʵ̨ۣİҲܴ󱻣һִܿࡣ
˵ײվͿԸˡӰٵİնסڳİտûôˡ
ԣëѷİնûܵģҲû̫࣬ʵ̫߸֪ˡ
֪˿ͳеĿûм̫Ϊһֱ̨
ֻ̨ҪɵǼǾͿԸļͷǸҪƲʱ̨еåˡ
һֱַʽӸСˡ
ľ͹ˡ
źӿ̨İͨƶռʿǷǳٵġ
ʱ̨𽪵죬ʿͶ
ھͲˣֹǿŮˡһͷǿһչ
÷ӭ൱Ҳֻǰ乫ӵ˸ˡ
ϧƲ
Ҫ칫һ
ӹȡ
Ѿص˺ӹȣһ룬ƣҪһ
칫ҲҾ꣬Ͼˣһ²ܶҽҩ
칫ŵˣѵһҩȫˣȻƸӣ죬ȥһ˵ղҰҩȫˣҪһװװز
һҾе꣬ڿ칫һˣλƵĳȥһǣʡȥʢҩ
ǰ룬칫ŰһҩĺȽȥˡ
ĻأеҪ칫ſšֻߵſ£ϥţȣﲻһͳ˺

Ľ
ŵʱԶĻˡ칫һһսϡڻ״̬õ칫һսͿʼҲҶϰˣչ˵úȫԺһӣһӣҪ̺칫ǳһЩͷ
ᣬܳŵס
˯ŲѹԾæ￴ţȥ˯һ
Ȼ칫˯ô㣬Ŀͱ¶ˣ
һҪţ
ԵͷҲұĵطˣŲͽ˿ϯӣŶˡ
칫һֱ˯˰ҹ԰ѷ¯ŵĶʳ˹칫ŵϤζϲûˣԱ˶ӣ칫Ըղųȥʲô
ԾϢɣеЦ
δڡܴΡ
³С飬칫ʱ֪ͳˡĴˡҲ칫׶λ˵ģСķ涼ץˡ
ȻҲûʲô¡
һһ
ǶĸǵȨƸеˣʼȫǸˡĶС顣Ϊ³𽪼꣬ʼίΡ
⣬ϻڣӾͶܳˡǳȥЩŲСǸӣһ㻵²ͳˡġˡ
칫̾һʱҲҲҲ
ã춼Ȳֻá
칫زС鶼ûչãڸ㱨ʱء
һߣʵۡʤҲϢ͹˳Ȼʵ֮⣬ƺǱˡ
ġڻһռӣصƺûʱúõİǰߣҪǵʱȥˣߣҪǵʱȥ桱ˡ
ԣȻʱסլСȻӹ࣬ط֮أҲܲ
ΨһҵʱֻǳǷӲܸǳǽߣﲻһ㡣
Ǿͱˡ
˷·Ǵ̿ͣļԺӶһ飬ƼһĶˣʣµĸϹһ֪˽زŷټ
ȴûбС顣
Сֻ񣬹ܲ
󹬡е£Ҳûн
ǰƹܣܼҲһ֡檶ڷ̨ˣ³費ŮѣҲ岻֡
˸սˣܼһ˼Ӫ뵱٣֮ǰպñˡ
ֻءĻͳûİѴ̿ͽŵ¸ˡ
˵꣬칫ҡͷֻ£ǲ֪ˡ
д󹦵׶ӶɱߵŲˡ˵ǰûִ̿ͣҲûѴ̿ץпΪʧְԴˣ˭˵
Եͷǣǻͳɱ˼ĸˣʣµӦöͨˡ
Ȼǲѱ̿͹˺԰¸ˡ
ʤ֪Ϊ˱̿ɱˣ֪֮д̿ˣ˸߻ġȻ֡̿͡Ҳ޹ˡ
ʣµ˵ȻͲ˵ˡʤ²ĵף칫ȸ칫Ѵ̿͵Ϣ˳ֺóɱڳǾýʤȻͻʵҲһĵġ
Ժʤ᲻ٸҪˡ
һƤİԣˡ
̿ӦǹˣҪ̽ϢֱǱ߸ɡ
ֻϣǴ̿ҵҵĶˡ
¡
ҴˣеĿģеǲ
˰Ѻӹ˵һ顣
˸ӲߣִֽţէһʮֲۡСɳƣҪϸ塣
˵ǰĺӹҡ
࣬Ҳôࡣҵ˶֪ȥˣ˵ǽլ׸
ҵҲࡣиδڹ˵ܹãǰΧˣ˶ȥ
ƼҾɲδ򡣡
󣬳ţڳ趼ǵϵŮʮ
˵ͻȻøˣϸЩš
ޡ֮ߣֽⱦ󣬼ǳ
С쵻ġ
ʵõһ϶ƿϼּģĵȻǻʵۼ죬ʵ۱ӹ̩񰲣˳ףˡÿһʿڶʱ֪ġʶͨҲֻڼּԼҵĴϿɲط¡
˷һ͵͵ľȻǲŷ־Ȼô˶ˡ
ڴʱµһؼĸ˴ġ˿󣬽Բ֪ĿźãֻþͷԹˡ
Ϊˣֻõ㽫λۺߵһ˵ٹΪٹ˰ڰ֣Ͽڡ
ô˵ʵ汻ץˣץҪô죿ҪҪȥȻʵۣȻʵۻʲô̾Ҫ߽⣡
ֻÿˣ˭˭ȿڡ
һ˵󡭡
ǣ죡˽ϡ
֮˽ã
ڼֻ÷˻ȥ¡˶Ժڱߡ˵µУ
ڵͷˡȻҪ߾ˣαطҪô֮ܲʵۣһѻʵ۵Ĵ齰ߡ
˻ʵۣٴϻʵ۵֮ˡ»ʵǡѵûʵסΣ
Ͼǻʵۣ
²ûҵʵ۱ˡȥҲûʵۣҵһѻʵ۵ĶҲ֤ʵ۾ˡ
̾£ɸһⰡ


713 ʾںη
ڲûӹһУµʵġëն˵
͵͵̨ʿѾץˣ¶ĴؿӼпܽӴеҪ
Ͱëѵ˽, һݡֻʵںӹȻô롣
Ƥſ, ۵ɵʷǰĴ󡣽ǵһοͷ۾ȫʲô, ǰһֱΪͷԺ˯ء
ëѺڶ˵ʲô, ˼κ, 侲ˡ
׸ӭ
ϲ, һ⻰˼Ͷˡ
ǡֻʵںӹȡǿѾˡ
ս, ôתͷֻʵںӹȵģͲˡ
΢졣
Ϊһϳܻʶ, ȫû뵽ʵۡ
ëһ㣬һ޷رܵ⣺̨ݱҪʥô죿ȻʵںӹȣǷ̨ûʵˣ
̨µĸλҪô˽
Ϊһ̫ˣ
ԵڶŵĹˡЩ³˶֪Ȱһ㣡ɵù
ӽ䵽㵽, ⼸ȫޱ, ·⡣
룺²һֱôһһ˵µӣװҲ̫ˣ
б, Ȼ
˾ͱˡ
ëѱ۾, ǿ
俴, ԣλ
ǽļ乫ʽ֮һλ顱ڿ˵ĳϡ
λ׽Ҫѹһյೡϡ
λྲٲЩ, Ҫеǰ, ԾӹӲıˣ
λ¡ҪС, ĸ£˵ˡ
׸ȲȵǰȶԽ񣬿ˡ
칫ܵ˵ҲȻѡӹ˷̨ԺҲˣ䣬Ѿѷ̨¶ץˣҲȹ֣Ȼ׼֣ʱȷʵǸʱ
ƹëѶ̫Ը⣬һ¸壬˵Ҿ⵹ǵĻᡣ
̨ϣĵλǲʮþˡһһȺǰԾòҪٷˣһΣǼ˺
ڷ̨ڵò˵˻ֵĸ
һ˻ͳչ뻨ң÷̨˼䣬
ֱ潪˻ʵۡ칫ͳǷ
Ȼ׸ǰ˻нֱʡ
**̨֮ʱһĿĹˣ޵ֵĿճǡҲңʧܾ
һȰգѱңѣҳһİλˡ
ҪӰάͳΣҺͰոЩԶԶ
ǡڴʱϮ
ⲻǽı⣬ⳡչֳʴ벩շ˸ҵġ
ոֻ֪Ů֪ʵۡ
׸뵽ͿԵͷĻƹƹڿĺŻɽǸƹֻ
뽪ĴҵһһȥԶֻվ
ڵӼȥʮꡭ̫ˡʮʮƾõĵõλ
һֱ̣ӵİ취ƾȥ
ɱΧסÿһҵĴţϵλǰߵףֻǵڶԾˡ
ԡ
׸ͷĿǰ
ԣҪĻս
Ҫĵȥ
ҪѰĵ˶ϳһ
ȵҲûһܷ˵ʱͿ԰ȻߵǸλȥˡ
Ȼô˵תһ£˵Ƿ̨ԽնĿµʱ
ʱʵ۱Юߣ̨ϻ˶û˵Ҳƹ
˵СҲգҲΪ˴ҲգȷʵʵۣӭֹҲȷʵܿⳡΣ
ʱûӭֹѡѻʵ۱Юߵ¸ˣǻսͷˡȻǺ֡
ּ˻ڻʲô
ܱĽҪá
̨Ȼǵļ尲Ȼ
˽һĻ̨·սˣҲڿ֮С
ԣʱѡӭֹûд
޴ӣ
׸վڵУ׵ľ˶ܿëѵɫˡ
˵
ڲڣֻҪһԿϷᡣ
ˣһ䣬Ȼϡ
˵۽Ƕɨˣ˶װû
һ
ˣֳסᰴҪҪվһվһߣ
ҡҡͷվҪ£ô࣬Һÿˣٹ¾͸ùˡ
׸ڼݽȥ֮󣬾ȻȻĽеһȻʱˣʵҲܲܣµʿǾȻʵۣ񣬲
ľ֧ǣ
׸һ֮ëѶû취ᷴˡ
ùһ̫ˣ̫嶯ˣӦÿǵøȫЩ
ˡѾˣֻܼȥˡ
ëѺܿ㣬һղ˵ģгϱҪʥ
Ҳˣ˭ݱ˭ʵۿɲ֣ܿʮҪе
ôһûʲôΣա
ڶܾܲȳʵۡ
ëѺܿ϶˵ڸΪ̬ϣǳã
ӹﲻô˵ֻһˡƷ覴ãӹû˸ҷҲЩ·һĲݰ
ÿһ·ԼС˼ͻȻǰһӹȣѱһãݷһԣͨޣ
𣿣
ԣëΪһȻʵ£ǻһηֻ
ߣٳеһڶЦ
ӣϡ
ϷԴˣҵ֮ء˵ڴ˵طľΪһľ׸ʵۡ
ɽɽоľռ֮㣬
Ϊ˶Իʵ۱ʾģһֻ̳мҵĳ֮ӽԲŮӳ޺ҲԳϣֻܹڷա
һһֵֻˡ
Ǽгӣ峤ֻܾܵ뿪ңڸҪТһֱϽ峤ܵϪܼҡ
ТѾˣ˵˵ǣǸТӡ
Ͳ峤Ҳʵϵ峤
ıˣһϵֵ㶼ܱȫǺ޵ձԵĴʵۡ
Ⱥӹϵ´֮ϲ񣡿ҵĻˣ
йͻıֹ
һУ֪ˣҪӹĲ
Ȼⲻ˵ľҪȥ
֮󣬾Ϳʼ׳ѵ׳飬ٴ¡
롣
ܵ˳ȥ˵ҸӶİ˰⣬Ǵɽϡ
ӦԸҹ١
ԭ°ϲӦӦˣָԶһʱ̴ֳƺͣ߶нõͼͳѡ
ֳ£СǶӦ
ʱľ档
Ҳ˽
ٺһ˾͸ˡ
˶࣬˵Ͷ࣬ҪҪ˾͸ˡ
Ҳǳ˲ٵĿġ
ͼһһ֮󣬲˻ϼңǰֻ֧ܵš
һգǰͻȻݹһϢ
ںӹȣ֧˻棿
ŵĴˣҲһӣֻǲաI
˵˵ģز١ѾȥӹȲ̽ˡ
룬ҡͷ˵ӹ̫ˡ˵Ҳԥֻǡ
ֱȡīֱֻֽʣù˵ȷʵƬҪЩ
дһݵ̨¡
ϲ˸ãӡ֤ȡˣҴʵľȻϣ˵ﲻ
ٳ֣һñϸã
ϲһСС̿;ȡˣߣ
дʱһֱüƺ¡ǿ֧д꣬˱ʵϡĴ˸ջǰдҲһʹСһ𳤴󣬱ʼһģһ
ָŰϵֽ˵㿴һ飬©
˶һ飬ͷ˵дúܺáġĽ
ĳһˣСǣҲѧҲãҲûݸʦиʦ֣Դ뱲Ӷûܱʵ۷֡
ͺʹࡣ
ʹöˣһƬĽȻԭǺ˸ġ
һƪ˵жʵۣѪҪʵۣʵжʹ£ǴӰ쵽ҹһļˮ¶뵽ʵۣȢͻҲʵۣɵСֶֽҲʵۣ׵ػȰҲʵۣ˶ԺʵۣҪѶӽ̺ȥʵۡ
ƪԿ»ˣʵ۶УʵһܹͰʮͷӴ̨˼ʵ۵Ը
ڷ̨ס꣬ȥţײıʵͻؼ磬˿
һҳ;ļѻҲһʿƾһƪ´򶯻ʵ۵ļѻ
ǳ˼ʮа˾ŶҪƪ¡дԺ󣬻ʵʮа˾ŶҪ˽йȥý⳼ӵ˼֮ࡣ
ô˸Ȼǳʡܲд˵ʵ۲ڼңݷֻд̫ʵˣҼʵ
˽˱ںУԥһĸȥš
϶ͱȥܵܶҲʣǾֻ͵Ķȥˡ
ǳӡ
͵ĳӷǳҪȻ̫񣬵ȷʵʵġ
ˣöɡҡͷҲȥУɲܲȥͽдȥ
˵ǵס¶ǴȥģȥôԶĵط˵ô죿
ҵĹˣҪμҵģµĶӵǶôҪ
ͣΪҪôȥ
ֻȥͳӹ
ڵȵʱͣûʵۣںӹȡ
һ̨졭
ʵ۶˶Ҳ˵⵨Ǳ춼ˡ


714 ²
ʵ۵ëԤϵ׷׵ݵ̨ˡ
кܶ˿̨ܸ֪ϵ, ҡһռҰݷá
нʵ벻
ⶼǼǰˣȻ˲֪
뵽һܣѵαװ
׸ʶö, ˵αװ, ӦþĲ֪геĳ֪ռ̨Ϣġ
һӣǰΪ칫ȥ, ɥء
칫, Ǹ˵⻰ͬʱͱ˸ˡ
ϰıۡǲô
ǲǱݺˣ
׸˵, ºʹ˵Ϊûлʮ, Ϊ칫ӦѾȥˡûеֱӴɥˡ
ɵóˣ
ëҲ֣Ĺ¶ˣ, һֻô, Ͳˡ
ЩײźŴȥݷȻͨŰݵǰ
ëѾˡ˶֪, ³ͨˡ
ӵʱ, ôܸͨأ
ַʽǰϰߣնϰҹϵ·ӵİ·, еǾͱؾס
˵ַ, Ŀǰ, Ƶġ
Ϊ˲ֻҵСΧת, Իʵۻѡ˲, ҲֻҪעҵСȦӾͿˡҲûҪСȦ֮, ֶ֮ʶ, ָðһͨʶ£ι֮ܵǰΡ
ڲ˲ͨ˵൱ģԼӵܴСĽ̵˵һͨͽյӵȷʽɸ罻Ȧ˵棬вʶ±ûʶʵѧѧңʦͽϵ԰ѸԵȥʦͽһֵĸӣʦֵǲض˵ֵܡ
ϣԽһƶȣص̨Ӧõݵĳһ˾ĳһ֣Žݵʵǰ
һҪһʵ۵ĳ購С
ֻˡ
ȫժȫժˡĽӭж̫ˣʵ۱ôһÿ°
ʵ۾һʿ׷ԡְҲȨڡ
һʵ۲ٱ׷󣬾ͱڵʵۣʵ㡣
Щݱ˶
𣺡סڳ
ҲǴǵְ֮һ񽪼ʱסҡǲҪݱҪѻʵҪ˷ԼţҪߵʱǻҪС
ʣõģ
һ
ͷͽ
֮ͣĵݹҲһʼϡһۺʣµĶëѡӭȥˡ
ӭ⣬дٺò
Ŀǰûְʵǲ֪˵׿ɲţ˾ôҲ
ӭ಻Ϊ࣬ǽҪ£Ҫ£ǴȥӴЩСʿӣиɾ
ÿ춼²ĴЩˡĻᣬһӣһЩˮܰ˸ءĻῪҵʱ򣬳ܴȥ˶Χۡ
ʿҲˣĻĹģҲԽԽеǳһɲСġ
׸ϷΪˡëѵҲС
׸磺ʲôأ
ëʰ׸֪֪Щÿʲô
׸磺֪顶ɡ
³ȻѾڷ̨ʵйһʱˣȻǸʶܶ˱ǣء
ʿӸ벻̨ھȻá³ɡ
һΣ
ӭ˿ĻᣬȻҪʱʣʱˣѵĿˡ³һܿͳСеĽ㡣
Ҫ飬Ҫѧ
˵³ɣ˵ѧ³ɡ
ԽѧԽЩ벻ͨ벻͸
³ɲǿ¥³ΪУ³ҲѴ
ǰгժǹķ
³սǿʢǼٵġ
û³ɵİأ
Ǵ³ɵѧϰ³ɣѧ³ɺּټ
˼պ󣬽ȽӵһЩ³޸ĵĽ顣
ʿ˵³³ʿӣ֪֮󣬾һ˼Ҫ޸һ顣
С֮ǵĲѧߣ
ǲһҪ³ǳԵĴʾ޸ĵĸ˭Ϳ
Ҫÿһǰ涼ϴδιǵƪ
ȥ
ðӿдһҪݵپˡ
ܵ죬˵ӹ±仯ˡ
ˣҪȡˡ
㷢˵λԴˣһҪȥ¸ɻ
ҲǶ㷢ģ֪Ĵ֮⣬еҡҡҡǼҵȶյˡ˵Ż֮ˡ
ëѿ
Ҳ˵ӿɶ
÷ӭһʲô
ӭ˵³Թܸ³֮ĳǳطһ˵ÿǶһˡ
ֱǰѡûʵۡӾǻʵۡͷˡ
֮ǰеҷʵ˵˸ӣơûΪ£ʮҲҷ
͵ڰҪ췴˵ٴθˡ
Ĳֹлʵ۵Լ̨
˵ͿЦˡ
ûܼڵУ֮ƹһǲȥˡ
ɰ׸絹ˡ
ӭʵĽ׸磬빫Ǵ³ͿʼģʵǱȲ˰
ڣðдһ顣úܶдְ֮дá
ϰˣֽĥīʣҪдʲô
ΪʲôͻȻҪǲ߳ʲô£
ӣôֱӺ𣿡
׸˵ԣ
ӹȡ
ĶԶС˵ȥЩСˡ
СһûˣһͷȻʮܰлȥ
ֻŤͷɴȶغȥˡ
յӣʮͣǳᣬĵúܡ
˵߸ȨƵ£Ҳ֪Ϊأôˡ֡
Ժϧѵţˡ
ԭܱΣŵ˵ĸ
صϣƺϣģ˵Ǹ͸յ
ⲻҰﳣ
ƿϣץŴ֭°ͻȥ
ҲÿͦóԵġ
һϣϴɾŶƺȣߺȱ̾ڹҲֻˡ
˵Żᡣ
ҲоԴӳ󣬵˿Ŀⶼˡ
ڳأػţֻͲˡ
ҪһѾɵļ̳λ
Ҳøǿֶס˵ģ˼
δܸоѳɢɳľֽ£У˲١
֮һҾֻķ
ߵÿһˣǰĸе׾죬ȫģ
Ψй˲İ
ιȨλһƬĴ£йʵڲ֪αźá̾
ӻ˳Ļ˵ιһٵĴȥίµļһְɼĵġ
ιǴ򣬴мƣǶιְԽԽģԽԸǡ
Ӷ֣Щԥιһǣһ㶼ԥˡ
ͷǰǹˣȻһĶԹµġ
ӣǹԴҲһƬඣ
ɵ¶һЦ¡Ȼ⡣̾빫֪ղ


715 һ
Сһֱû칫, ֻһˣȥݷöСˡ˵, Сֿʼˡزȫװ, ٲ, װ߳ɡ
Ϊƺλ, Ƽˡʼšˡˡ
Сλ, ͣ󺰴ɱ, ˲Ƽ˵Ĺ٣ƵĶϻ˼ҡ
ƼҾɲʼˡ
칫Ц˵ⲻ, ôˡ
ؾͿԿһؿˡֻܹ, ܹ
ʱյӹȣɱ˳, Ϊ˰, Ŵ͡ƼҾˡ
Ƽҵ˾ͷˣͰص¸ˣǰһԸǷȨĴ, Ȩ, 
Ҳ̡һ, 칫еġ
һ̵ֱ˳
ӹȵʱһ, һ߰νġ߹ٺȥ, һҲΪͿλ
һѵġ
Ҫʳ, ҪǮ, Ҫģ
ҪƼҾȫȫץ
͸һýڣԳƤ죬
ɵʱûйϵǾܽ˰Ҳŵġ
Ҫȥ
ҪѺӹȱٵĶ
ֻʱһӵĽڡ
ҲÿԻˡ
ŲߣȻһͷ˽ȥϳܳȥŸˣһͨ硣
Ҳƶ
θ·ҲΪ߷Ұ
칫ν𡰷̨һҡ
ƭ˵볯֮Ϊ̫ӣΪʵڰ˷̨
ڸĵȴǹţֻҪʱ죬ص̨󿪹ӭȥ
ҹ㷢
ʵҺԺţ̨ϵĹİ
ʲôµأ
ȥôʱ䣬ͰѷɢƼҸеıյԼˡˣҲսˡ
ڻˣ׼ʰӹȵƼˡ
ЩڹƼˣΪǰƵģһ֧˽ƵĶڹлС˴ƼҲԵˣ
Ƕˣ
ʮպڹ磬ѽղͣӿ빬ȰҪ˵Ƽ˶
գ칫˵ǰɱˡ
칫Ŀ޽;ܽ¡¡ĽŲԺ˵޹أŹϰɡ
԰ԺŹȻһź칫칫ȥȰɴ
Щ˿޺ͣŶ챻ײˡ
칫ʼղӦ
еǹƺһʿЩ˱ˡ
칫һֱŴʲôҲ
Σ̾ЩɵӰ
Ϊ˴Ͳˣ˵ǰǸˣ˴֮Ͳٳ֮ΪˡȨŴϵԣԡ
ˣ˾£빫ȣͬȥƤϻֻҧǰȴԶҲѧ繫һȥǡ
һ֮ƼѾٳΪƼңΪǿӲƼϵϣֻһ֧ƣӴ˳ΪնΪ˼ɻ䣬˲ܳƺգд
칫ȻҪкã˵ӢˡȻһƪ㷢ǡ
ԭƼ˲Ҫգһɱûɱ̣빬Ϊ̣Ů빬Ϊ澡
ʣµĸյҲǿӲĸϳҰ֪١
ǳƼ֮ȴûܵʲô˺мƼϵǣ֮⣬ʣµûƼϵһΪƾͱһ򾡡
ƼϵԭռȥĹְһҲȫ˳
ǡȡ˲ţҪ˲ǲѱȥ
С칫˵ҲУϯˡ
ϣ˲żüãɵֿ
ɣ±ٵһ̲סЦ֪˶ڴˡĳΪʵڲ֪֮£ı£𣿡
ѻȸ
칫װ˯Сװ˶װ
ŵĶʮſеĿǸ̾еȴǳӡ
ͻȻЦˣ𣿡ת칫ΪΣ칫ֻÿڵҪαΰɡ
ͶߵЦ˵ȥɡ
ϵ˶ˣҲ̲ס׷׽ͷӶ
СһܲҪҸӡ
칫ǻŵסƤѾ˯ˡ
С鶼ˣ칫ôס
ܾˣ
ôżҲ޼ƿʩ
ʵۣ׻ڱ˸ˡ
СǳһһײĽŲʱҲ̧ͷֱǰȥ
ûʵ
ǰ³ʱûʵۻɵӡ˷̨Ժ֪¡
ô˵ɣ֪Ժ;ùľˡ
Ȼ»ʵֻõ¶һٱ
ƫƫʵǸɵӣ
칫¾ǾüȻɵӶܵʵۣǻһŮҲȥ
̨ϵӦҲôİɣ
Ǿһɵӵʵ۵£ܹʵҲôˡ
ڻܻ֪ʱ飬˵ѶΪ
ЩεˣǼɵӻʵʱ
ʤǰͷںϲԻ׷ߡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪ־Ȼõˣ¶ǰô۸ˡ
ż׽Ū׽ŪͻֺһϷ
ʤ֣һɵӶ֪ڸǰһˡ
Ҫࡣ
ʤ֡ſˮ˵أȥ
ʤź󣬹ѴŴ򿪣Ȼűµ߳
¿ʼΪ棬ͳ˳ΪҪˣͿ׷˹ǵİĵطֿʼˣҪһȥ
ʤⱲӼˣӲ׷ģøľȣϵĿ˾ûôˡɵʵۺŷʵһ
ܳĹĸУǻʵİĶӣҸҳΪʵۡ
һƫƫĲҡ
ܽˣŲһȱ¡
Ҫץеûûصġ
ʤֻǰ˼պߵǰ
漴߳ˡ
һƬȻһƬž
ʤһ˵·ݴϡ
ıȻã׺Ƶۡ
ʤ֡Ц˹ʤٶ㣬Ҿܿøˡ
Ц°ɣ
Ĺһ㡣
󿪹ţӭ·Ͳš
߽ĵȻˡ
¹ǣҲڳ⽨гҲŴҲ³ɡ³ס
˲֮⣬öСѹǵ¶հˡ
С¡ɡࡣ
ʵ֮󣬱ǿĸͲźһҹ֮ȫĳ
ǲԹȻ߰ģһʮһ壬ǶԹհˡ
˽󣬵ȻҪݷسȨȻ
ʡ£Ĵسȫסһլſڵһ񣬾ȫһˡ
Сոٰһգ
Ϊȴ£ȴѷ̨ϵҲλء
СܵҪԹȻֵöԹ飬š
ȻɭĴֹ谮ǲǽзӭࣿ
ֹγ谮ӭģ
ӭûʧ裿
С飺


716 ͼ
СڡСˡ
Էǳ, ֮󣬵ȻͲҪˣźӹ´С֮ãú塱
жȥϵְ˾Ҳ칫ˡ
˶, ɵ̾
С˵ӭ, ٶ˵ʲô칫ͶˣɵʧЦ
СҲǿЦû뵽
칫
൱عˡһԵڹġġһ, Ҳպص̨ʱ, ܵõİ
, Ǿܷġġ
⣬Զ, ˽֪ģ
һˣǷǳױĵġ
Ȼᵣʧȥ
ο乫ӡ칫Ц
ȹĶ, Ȼ乫ӵòˡδ˶˵ֹ, һû乫ӡ
Ů, 乫ô᲻أ칫˵ҪЦˡ
ʵڽ̲ס

ܳˣ
СҲͬܣȻ칫һŵ, Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ڹǲǰ乫ӡǵһ㶼ġ
氮, ҪĵҲ乫ӡҪû, ǡҪĵĻ乫ӡ
С³Աĵ, ֵΪ乫һ
˶ʱҲܳ˵, ˵һһ룬øǽж
СЩı¡
ʹǸɵӣҲǱ°²͢򷽣ôҲðĻš
衣
á
һ֮󣬱µӾҪùˡ
̾칫ˣҲ³ˡϾһǶĿˡ
ǰʲô¡ҪǷأ
⣬ǡ¡ˡ
ı£žǸĨڣˣһ˰ˡ
СڼĻʵ֮󣬲ֹһĥҪҪΪˡġ桱ʵһ̣
Ȼʶʵûаµĵ밡룬밡롭
һֱ뵽ڱ˿ˡ
ʼĻ᲻Ҳиһ뷨أ
칫һҪ£Ǹη
칫˵صģ͸ѹˡ
ĻʵţǼ¡ɵӻʵ۳ţͷĲôˡ
ѡ֮󣬾ͼסɵӻʵۻŶкôŻúɵӻʵۡҪɵӻʵۣᱣɵӻʵ۵ġ
С˾ͷˡ
칫״ҲһЩ̾
䣬Ҳʵ۵⡣ǹѰһʵĺð̫ӡ
ݡ˽ǰܸ˵ıԡ
ȥ˼̫ӳ֪ԼǼ̫ӣ֪ʵ칫ģ᲻ᡰ游𡱣
̫ԩˣ
ͼ̫һĸôԩ
̫֪ԼǼ̫أ
ǻ칫Ϊˣ
ǻ֮죿
칫úߵĿԸ
ǹԺͰݡġ׵Ժĸɵӻʵˡ
Ҷκһڻλϵ˵ġǹཻҲԶཻΣա
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ںӹȣȴÿһն˼Զڷ̨Ĺ
ա
̨
ðӰͳȥһؾͲشˡ
ӻ̫ϰߣһѯʡĲ͸ľȥ
г϶ǣðһݵ˹ĸǺܿѧһľȻòݽʵٴȡһݵˣ
ҲȤڷ̨ºСء
һ˵ãֻǴϽ͹ȥ
͹һ㡣
Ǵˡ
Ѿеһˣӹȿ϶ῪսˡǹȻͲӦˡ
ʤǾˡ
ҲǴһֵܷ̾óġ
ؽٷԸǾͿʼ
˶ˣɴͿ˸Сᣬ˵һĴ㡣
ⳡһʲôʱʵǲ˵ġΪһ߶ɵϡϵĿӦֻǶԶռİѹϸ
ҲɵĺӹһɢɳʤС
ԣҪǴһԺͣ߸ͲԺˡ
һЩ˵͡
ʵ⻹Ϊⲻĵ̡³˵ͻǼϸⶼðš
ʱ³ùͿռҵࡢԡκ֣Ҫߵšڻ̨ˣһмȱ֣ȱʽ֧š
ֱڣҪǮʡŻҪʱ
Ǿˡ
֣Ҳˡ
÷̨ЩʿӾͺܲ
Ϊ˵ʵҪ֪ʲôΪʲôС
磬Ϊ̨ûӢֹ˾ʿӣ϶ԸߣѰӢ
һӢ͸ˡ
߼һģͬһΪǿΪģܻԸȥһ֮
֮ǰһֱݷ̨µĻᣬֱ֮ǰ͸·ʿӽ̨ΪӰЩʿӣѡкʵ˵͡
׸ӭ඼ڲ֪ѡһˡ
ͬ׸ģ϶ߣȥӹȣ
ӭʶָٹһм׳Ըȥӹȵˡ
ЩУѡеļɣɣҪ˵͡
ѡˣΪ˸׼ȷʹǣҪǵΪȥȥĵطҵҵˣ˵˵Ļ
ǵһһжǷԱģΪԼΪı׷Ӣ
ǾͲᱻ˿
˵꣬˼
Ҫ˱ضҪСƱض·ӽۿһֹʲôˡ˵
ĬĬͷӢǡ
㣺ڿѡˣ
ó׸˷ûзӭ˶ࡣعصûвعص˶࣬һ˼ʤ˱Ҫ١
Ҳ˵ڷ̨£һ㡣
ен벻ͨ
󣬸̾Ӣܡ
͸˵ʵ֡ʵһλʵ÷̨µʧˡȨ䣬Ȩ̨µ˶ȨӡȶܵĻʵ۸á
Ƕһ֪ǻϤǶΪһҪмѡһĻá
ϰֹҲȹ
ΪһŮ˵ʵۣû취ȥ
һˣҾˣ֪ᷢʲôˡ
ǻ֪ĻҲδ֪Ļá
ûֹ֪ʲôǲµֹ뵱ʵۣɵǸŮ۵ʱ򣬻ᷢʲôǸ޷
Է̨µĻ᲻ܿ϶ٴΣǴѡһ۵ȥļۡ
ֹǻǻǴ
Ǽˣ
ʵۣ²ϣǸҲô죿
Щܰ´
δذɣ
۵û취ˡ
ȷʵֹڶúܺãûΪһֱôá
һѡأ
ɣ顣Ĵ̨˭Ϊף˭λ
ֻµʱһսѰ
ٻһأ
ȣѾ֪ˣΪСǣΨ֮һֿȡ
Ļ򵥵ġ
Ȼλˣ
ΣһСǵĻʵҲô̺򣬸ҵĵ伮вƵĻʵۡ
һˡ
ԣһЩأ˵ǹϵ̺һʤߡ
Ͷˡ̨µҲʲôȥ飬ǰѡʵۡڳһһӳһʵġ
Ȼ뻯ˣҲʧǻۡ
ǻۡ
ʵѡѡ˵
Ϊʵۡ죬ҲӦ
㣺˼ƿУ
ּˣʵ벻
û֮ǰҲ벻ѡ˵͡
ϸһͻ֣ᷢ˵׻óɹġ
Ҳͷ˼Ƹ߾У
˶˵ˣ͵Ǿȥɡ
ֵĿ϶ǽ
ҳ棬ֻתƵѰЩ˵ϣ뷽跨ͳһʡơ
Ϊ˴̼ЩзӦҲһϷ󸹱ĳӭڵн̸ýڽµȺӭʿǿĶӡ
ӭ;оͱˣ⹫ӣɱ˽⣡ƽʱΪ׷ֹе֮ţֱ˱ʡǣ
÷ӭνභ
нϣ乫Ϊֹһŭĺӵˡ
˲ʵЩʿܿһμҵĻ󣬷׷׳ߣ֪ȥ
УŶ˵עЩ׼ˣЩ˵Ҫȥһҡ
ǣūūͽȥ
ʱ˹ӭ
ѯʵؿ򽪼
ɡӦǲ³ˡ
Ȼαص
ء


717 
̨ʮʮʮ, һιµġ
ʮһʮڵĵط, תƣ൱ӡ˵ԭһס, Ƶ, ּ֧Ҹȥ, ٺм֧ڷ̨ˣʣµĵؾ͹˱˼, ָ˷ӡ
ˣʮһ·
ʱյҾ˵˵Űݷ, һԭĻϵһˡ
Сʱ빫Ӽǰ˵һˡð׳ֹӦǶģ˵¶󷽣ʱͲ˽ύ, Ҳô
û뵽Ȼˡ
Ȼǿ, Ǿֻд
ʱϾƲ, ǿһ֮ꡣ
Ҳʱ, Գƽʱʱһ󣬽Ͱ͵ıһμ, ̹, ȷʵʱ׵ġ
˵ݹϵʵԶ, һҪĻҪһٶǰˡ
ʱף˶żײ˰죬ҵʱ˵ǸżԶߵڡ
һݣʱʱүү
ôʱˡ
ʱһšˡˣܵͥԺֺֿ൱
ʱǸݣֻʱסˣסɡ
ʱ˼ˣԼˣ˻ȥ
ʱĸţĸҲ̫£ȫʱһ
һеϹܼȰʱﲻҪӼЩݣʱﷴЦʱһǮͼı𣿡
ˡ
ʱͦˣֻʣͼʷˡ
ʱҲǴ൱õһˣʷòζǾͺǮ
﷿Ӻܴ󡪡ڸǵġ
˺ܶࡪͣҲûˡ
ࡪһܵġ
ûǮΪǮʱҵİá
һҪʢ˥ʱֻһ·ߣǾҪһֱж˲ţ˲ŻҪһֱվڻʵ۵ǰ
ֱ׵˵ÿһҪܵ٣
һû˵ˣǼͻܿʧΪһûнһһ·ˣհˣϵ·ûˡ
ûѵİ֮󣬵˵Ĵ̨Ǿ졣
Ϊ˼ûҪѾռסλó㡣
ʧкܶ࣬ҶôȻġ
ڻȨıµһΪ˲Ŷ˶١
ãҲһֵʤ̭ġ
ѡ˵Уа˳ɶʧȥλӵܡ
ǸɹƼҾûôɥĲӣ껹ڣƼӵûǰ;δļȣǱʮְݡһչҲôעһ
ϣЩ˿Գɹ
ʵ̫ðգɹʲðաҪԴԴѡͣͳȥ
ҺٴеѾСзӭĸ
Ͼǡδ顱ǰѾһˣһҾͲ׼ԭ¡ˡ
ôһٴ
ֲ֮ڡֹ̹ȻˣȰ֮Ҳ̹ȻֻöŻȥˡ
£³ɵĶӹһ١
걻˶ţһ㶼ֹֹʧء֮¡
֪رȻķʣƷ¸У˲εºָ㹫
һӱʴˣ˼Լȷʵûʲôܳ¼ܸ
ڶ˼ưˣɴˣֱʡֹӷ񣿡
һӵ˵Ļش
Ϊضϡ
˭֪ͷȻеġഺ껪аڲ࣬ӣڶˣ빫൱ӶŮкϡ棿
ڶ˱ȵһǿö࣬ڻƹȻ̬֮£Լʣӣ˷֮޷ӣ
꣺ֻӣڶˣ
⵱Ȼǲܵġг澰檶ء
꣺Ȼˣѵ㣿㶼£
ڶˣ
Ȼ˵
û˿ˡ
ʣµҲˣվڰֹһߵģ
ȥȰ桢ָġ
˿ʱת࣬ΪֹȻڸλǾͱҪΪ°ʣԶҪҪһ㣬£ҪŶԡ
ԣûɷȴ˺ӵ£һҪһ˵ġ
Цˣˣз
ʵҪѭķ
һȺȫưˡ
ȫǶˣ֪ʵ۵ְʱ֮⣬Ķǿƹ涨ֶҪʵϴ֮⣬ܻʵʲôϴ
µķ䣬ǽ̻ʵι˵ģȥܱ˵ģûܹ
ȷʵÿһʿӶȥ߻ʵʲôǴģʲôǶԵġ
ʵûбҪһҪ
ˣ£
һ˶ġʮʵһʱһӵȰѾǷǳѵõˡ
ͨʮһҲûС
꣬Ҷ֪칫Խ̵£ʵΪΡƼҵΪ׼ǣʵ˵һǶԵġ
ĸɵӡºˡڵֹǵ
꣺£δᣬΪۡ
ֻҪǻʵģ²ʵ۵ͷڣҲǻʵۡ
ܻ仰ˣһ䡣
ԸֹΪۡ
ƻ裬䡰ԸֹΪۡʹ̨ˡ
仰󣬲ٶϢ󣬵ȷ֮󣬽Դʧɫ
칫ͬ˶֪ηѰˣԶȷ棬ùˣñ˭졣
ˣζűҲùˡ
ֹȾָȨ£ǴŶе
ǰгһҲ֡
ڻʵ۾Ǹûֹ³˺ǿ˷̨Ұ볢һ֮ζ˶⻹
ܰԭΪûǵֹ֧֣ǸҰģǰӦͣҲãȡ
ʱлʵۣе칫ˡ
ֹֻ³ˡ
ѵƾ³Ϊ£
û֧֣˵ʲô״
»ˡࡱҲûƹӡ
ǵƹһϰֹΪ۵ģ
ûƹѾѻ˵ˣ
ȫưˡ
нúõЦһ
׸ЩȫһȺͷڹꡣ
СмΪ칫һİĵӣС֮ˣԶұҵӼĶࡣ
У̨µȫһģԼûеӣֻбȥǰ칫ǻƹ
ûͷʲôҲҸɡ׸
Ļϳףָ㽭ɽšһһ̨ŽڣǾͲˡ
Ǹӵģ˷̨̾
ܽģأҲ£Ҳ£űȿһ·ںߡ˿·Щ˶վԭزǰһ
ƹȥԼ߳һ·Ͷˡ
ˡġëѻ꣬ԸˣĹˡ
ڻѻ˵֮Ըٵģǲ׵׳֮ʿ
ҲĿǶ³ɵʶ̶ȣ޸³ǵԣˣۿʲôȫٲ˹١
׸Ҳ˼ˣÿչҲˡ
ΪʲôͻȻôëѳÿҪϿ֮⣬Ҫĸ顣
Ҫ֪ؾжˣжжңжٹжˡ
û취ȥʵز鿰ֻܴӸÿ꽻ĸаϢժ¼ͼԻӡ֤
ɽĹȫð׸ëæԷˮĹûˡ
Ҳ֤ȷʵʼ׼涯ˡ
ëѰ׸˵ˣôô󾢣
Ҫˣú׼ЪһЪôٶȻӿأ
׸Ҳ
ùѰŮӲͬԱȶֵʱ࣬һ̲ܶܲˡ
ӹֲš
ˣǸϽãļƻܹڽС
˵Ƕ̫ء
Ϊ˰ѹ꣬׸绹͵͵ң칫ûߵ鶼ᵽˣ׷ſڣڹſҹ
ֵµҲؼ͵ˡ͵伮֤Ϲвؾǿƴճ˸صϢ顣
ǡڴʱڹвһӡ
˵˸ӾһŵĹ㣺Ϊӡ
һӾϲü֮ˡ
˹Ļʹ˸˼
Ҳá
ĵΪŮӣֻ̫ҲŮӣȶĵλ̫ΪУֻʮ̫꣬ӳ֮˾ͻᷴԹˡʱӹĸδӮӮˣҲѡ
ΪԹá


718 ɽ
ڶ, Ϊ߱
˵СáһеСغӵݡһֻΪǵӡ
ӺͰռˡ˶, ϴ贩£Ҫι̵ʱҲˣҲʰ
ôиɾ, ˲Ҫ֣ȥɡ
߱ÿ, 㡣ſ, һ߿߱һ߿
ƾϣĶǸݵĺƤ, 𣿡䣺񡣡
Ǿˡ
ǵһδԹߵĽǶԼȣüë۾ڸóλãСʣƶ
ǰ֪Լ, ٶĸ־ǸġܳöҲ, ߱ıÿ
ҲһԿܵ, ʲôζ
ϵζ, ϵζ
۰Դ, Ửڷ˲Ůζ
, Բ
Ա, ҲСлվйء
ǶǳϲǴӲŮͷ㣬䲻ˡһβһ˵ϵ벻ÿ˸ס˻ͷߺرĶ˵ֻܵᡣ
ֻҪСʲôʲôǳ󣬲˿ǲģͲʶ
Ժ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
֪νġ
ǵĿʵǡжĶеˡһϣǡ
׸磬Ȳϡ
ԴŮӲòۣ׸͹Ƚǻ㡣
ǳţԼòҲõܵܳñÿҪʡ
߱غһֱûмˣΨһһڵʱˡ
֮費Ҫ֪ˣҡͷ
ǹŹأʱùţʵԷһһӹ㣬ٿԿƴľ档
Ȼ̫ܲˣҲԼİ˺ܹ㹻ĻȫԼ
ڰºŷѾһӣžԭǹܹиˡټ㣬ҲĸԸ˰벽Ϊ塱мĵġ
߱غһ£Ҳﶬʵʱ򣬱һӾͻȻˡ
Һ÷̨Ҳ׼ëó˷̨һϴ󺵺м¼¼˵ڴ֮кܳһʱ䶼
ͷŽ궬絽пܻ䡣
ǿղֵأΪϢ
ȻͷһβôðǸˣǲۿ۵ִȥˡ
̨Ҳú
úΪ˴úȲգṩĸÿ£䶼õʮ֧ͷԱս
úʢҲڴطú
Ϊð˺ܶú
ǲ⡰úǴģֻҪúգǾҪ
οطú·;ңԶнúɽڣȻͻԶ
̨ҲϰúʵΪ˷úֱֶˣȻˣвǮ˼ҸԸú
ҪٰǲȱȡůĲϡ
ʣµľʳˡ
ʵǱ䲻
궬죬ֻҪˡ
ëڳѡһأ׼ٿĹ
ëѰ¼£һ۹ߵ߱Сӣԥһ£ûǰʺ
ȵûɡԺλˣһһݼ
̨һα磬ϵ¶æŹ̨ҵòˡ
µһ䣬ǽܻǰ⣬ǰ궬⣬궼
Ҫ˵˵Ҳǵ󣬵ʵ󵨵˶Ҫס
λıҪöࡣһҹ֮䣬Ӧ빫Ĺٵͱ̶Ӹռˡ
Ϣ͵̨ʱ֪ӹڳˡ
ŭˣڣһʿԸգı
ѧʶḻװҪӣĵʱ򣬱Զ̽°ܱ
κ֪Ǽ
֮ΪһʿѾˣû׳ңɵʲô̫ˡ
սˡ
ʽģȷϭģһר͵ȥ
ȥˣ̨ûյϭģëѺͻ궼ؼȥˣرƽһû
͵ȥˡ
׸ֻȥҰϭû͡
ϭķ꣬Ƕʽ˵һҪսˣⲻǲ֮սΪʲôϭɡ˷ԣϭķңҪеС
ȻϡڣҹƳһͷˡ
ٸӹһȰ飬ʵ˵ʲôʲôʲôʲôӦʡӦúڣӦ
ʡڣֻȥˡ
ǿ׳ԸٸһȥĻᣬȻ浶ǹˣͻòˡ
ȰҲר͵ӹȥġ
ںӹҲûţԼɱˣںӹȿһȦڼ顱Ȼٴӹȵȶʮٴαѹһ顣
ȻҲӵϭģ칫Ĳ⡪ȥ
ȻֽӵȰ飬칫һдһƪȥ
д»ĹУ˺ͰնõϢˣʼˡ
˴źӹȺͽսӵҰջʱյ˵ڶš
д칫ġ
Ȼ칫ںӹȣżĵ˷̨ŵַƺ൱⡣
ŵ˽Уһ鷢֣һ칫ġȰ顱
ȣ칫һʿеĿдŵ˾˵үүӶǳ칫
Ȼ󣬱ʹ칫ӣƴĲ£ҵڼһͿޣˣǽϵİ칫Ϊѹ
ڣڴˣ칫ڵӪȻ뷽跨Ӫ칫칫İΣȥвػΪѵľأ칫ҲԼΪеĵǹΪá
ԣ칫ǲԾһ£
㵱ʵǣҲȫڡ
պ׽ӣػĹǰΪӿͷУ
νȰ£ץס׸磺㲻ҪҲҪ¡ȥӻ칫ز
׸ڿȰ£ۺͨͨˡ
ҲȰ̾Ȱ飿Ǵ칫ȥĴ
ֻ²ΪѾȲȻʵۣҲΪѾȲ칫
ʵɵӵǽǵȼü֮칫ɵ
ǾˣǾʡˡ
ָȰ˵ⶫֻ²ֹСĻϿҲѾʼˡ
칫˵ǸˣɱˣȰ鴫ȥҪ칫ܻǻŻˣҲֻȥ
ë̵ȥң
ҳ˭ⶫͽ̨ġĻҵˣȲҪȰ˶һץ
Ȱ׸硢ëѵ˶ֻ֮ʣ³ˡ
ŶԽ˵취˶ӹƼҵˡ
䣺Ƽϵ
ԣѾյģ빬ΪūΪ澵ģƼԭĸӹǮǣǱ
᣺ȥ
Цԡ
Ҳ
ھҪ
һʱһ߲Ҳˡ


719 
, ϵİվˡʿǵĻᷴø, ڵðɨ, ؼӦñһɨ
ĻʢҲ̨ϸŲйء
ͷϵİֵֹÿϰʮĻᣬúһŮˡ
رһ֮, Ļϸ廨ŵðˡ˵Ķڲºӵĵ˭
Ϊʱˣ֡ûΣա
Ȼ, ˶۰ֹ, Ļ᲻飬ˡ
ɰֹϵ̫࣬ĶΣ, ˵Щ绨ѩ£һŨ, һϳݼ䡣֣ˣְȫ
һС˾ͿЩòȻ֮
ʱ֮һ
ʱûǮҲúܡǰ̫ĸȥ, ӣﻹ˲ٳ, ӻرѹ
̨ϼңǮһӻɾˡ
ʱӣһǸĸ汲, һ, պ˼ɨ, Ϊ浽̨˵ʱ򣬴ҲҳһˣȥﶼһԲʲôʱ򣬷̨ȫġ
ʱѼǮʳΡȶ
Ҳǣ̨˼꣬ʱӲ˶û
Ҳˣлûˣֻʣʳڵ¡
ֹԺ󣬾һһ찲ȡʱȴԽԽֹ߰
ôŮһʼͲģ
й񡪡ģ
ʿҡųѣ
䲼³ɡĿ

֮ֹÿһٶ⣬ô򵥵ġ
ɽĵµ˾ȻӶţ
䷳ÿһĻ˵Լ뷨ͬ˷ԣʱ֮ǴȥˡҲͣҲһЩŷļʶ̸
ʱڼұ꣬ԳδڷԼԴ֮·ɵø
ֻĻ
˵ֹйΪģ˷˰ֹ˭÷̨İտʳ
˵ֹųѣǫ̂ĹԱٹңҲܣҲܡ
˷ѵҪ˶ɱ˲ܣѾǴˡ
˵ֹ³ɣ˵³ʵҲûô㣬ˣ³ܱûкá
ʱ﷢ָֹĻ޸֮ľԵ֮ˮȡŸˡ
˵׾ǳڵİֹ֮⣬ûеڶ˿и¡
ǲ֪ۣ
ең
£ܹ黹Ҫһ˵ġ
һֱȥֹδزܳΪ֮
οŮҰѣ
ֶγǸȱ߻һȺв֮˹׷档
ʱ˼ǰ󣬲ɵҪѰһӢ֮ͷ
ͷһĥ
˵Ҫֲô׵ġ
ֻһһĿڷҪˣͷ޶ҪͶˣ֮ܵ࣬ҪһЩǮųʲô⡣
ҪԶ·֪Ŀĵأ֪ڣǾͲҪһܽʵĳҪ
ʳǿԴϼҲԴϣҲн
⣬·ҪʵģЬҲ٣ҪЩҩġ
ٴЩǮ󼸷͸ˡ
һ㣬ҪĶɲ٣
ʱߣûиеѿԽǮֻðͷĵףʱʱһη¡
ˣˡ
Ըͺˡ
һ죬Ļ
Ϊֹӵ£ƹĻе˾͵תˡ
ʱﱻţ԰ֹһµʲô
ʱﵱȻΪ˰ֹһҪĻ͸Ծ
ʱֹںδ
ʱδӣѵ
˵޲ľ飬˳ףԷϢӣʲôʱɻˣŮףϣӣȻǻ˵ѵʤ˼ѵؼĵ
ʱбȻ
˾˵ǲʤô룬̫Դˣ
ϯϵ˲ɵ÷׷׵ͷ
ʱ
ȻΪ˱
˳ȥˣ
ʱֻûһ˵ֹȻǹӦΪ¸ΪΪδӦõģ¸ǲҲ
⻰һ˵ϯķתصˡ
˾Цֹǵᣬ¸ѵȼ磿
ô˵Ҳе£ѵһƽҲ빫һ
ʱֹֻķ£ѾиоԼǱ˸ݺˡ
˽£ҵȺθأ
˾ͱΪ˾ддȻۣ
ʱ䲻֮ͬо˽£ڹڼ޸ɣҲ⣬ҲҪ˽¹ߣ˷ɷ¡
ʱ˵ôҪҵȥȥٳ֣ô԰Ŀ⼯˽أʵ̫ˣ
£Ǹ˾͹ֵʱ˵ҷˣ
˾ͻȺˡ
Ȼ˵֣ʱﻹһ׼ǣһðˣʱ湰֣Уĳһ̣
ʱֻüš
³ɣʱô
ʱﵱȻ˵³СֹػģСڷ̨ĵط뽫̨Ҳ³Ŀﰡ
һ뷨ҲһֱĻô˵ġ˵ĵıˡ
ԼϤģͲˡ
˾ʱ˵³ﲻãǣȻֻƾһ˵³ɲã¹ˣڱ棿
ʱİٱ˵һ³ɼС
ϵ³ɴдˡˡūСġּ£ʲôҪһҪдأֻҪǲԱùԱȥˣ˷ѱīдѵԱŲ𣿾С񶼹ܲ
ʣ»еڶģ˵ÿڸ˵꣬˷
˾һһĲ˵³дС񲻼٣СҲǰգ㲻ΪСټ۾Ϊǵһȣ̫Դˣ
ʱҪ˵ղ˵ôҶ˵ˣҪ˵갡
ʱֻõ˵ꡣ
˾ͽŲڶ꣬ÿһҪ׺һ䡰̫Դˡ
ǰҲ˵ʱԴȻǲͬ⣬ǰͬˣ˶ΪʱԴҪǣǺԴ
һʱΪ˱еһʱΪС΢
ϯ˿ʱ񶼲ˣ·һʶ
ʱʱŷֺ񲻶ͷ
رڶҲͻȻ֮ǡûвˣ
ʱȺк뼷æҴҸˡ
ؼ֮ԽԽԽԽԼǱݺˣ
ʱʱˡ
ʱǿ׺ʱҲˣֻһˣʱҲܰѡݡߣֻ
ʱΪݡֱ룬
Ϊߣʱʡ
ʱº޾ɳһӿͷʱ̾ʹλҵ߰
̾̾ȥȥѰͷʱ˵ˡ
ʱ˵磬˵ĶǶԵģǾȥС׷һȥ
ʱ˵ȥûǮ
Ҳ޵ĸߡ
ʱ˵·ʺβԵԣ
˵̻ݱܻǮȫʹ˵ҽסôöûҵǮʵڹⲻȥͰЩǮȫɣ
ʱһн¾ɾɵͭǮʱеĻȻҪ
ʱ˵ûʱ㾡ǮߣСûǮˣҲû취ؼңֻҪҼס
ʱúܲ˼ߣ˼ȴǮ
һ룬ֵҲ֮ͨ꣬οҲûб·ߣڷ̨ҲֻĻһʿ࣬˵ˡ
ȥһˣѰһ׳־ܽ
οⷿӽʱסʱҲǮ
ʱ˵õ޺ӣ
Ȼʹ˳ˡ
ʱһ·͵⣬ݱʱȵ̶ԶˣһᣬɳƵĶߵĴ˵һ̵ģ£ǰ̸ʲôҲû°
Ц˵ǰ׬ǮǮŻʱ䳤ˡ
ʱ޵ǮҪǰǮҲûôѾߣϷҪٳ꣬Ȼʱҡ߳ʱͷԶ˵ɱȥˣ׻ҵĹ򡣡


720 ö
ʱ˳˷̨, ߹Ӧ, ·ǣܿͱãã޼ʵĻҰ
̶ӵ˲࣬Ҫϸ, ǸһС̶ӳġ
̶еĻҹͣѲ, ȷҰǣҲˡ
ʱʱĿɿڴ
, ˾͸ҰԶβ, ںӪͣ¡
, Ұ˾ȻһġȺҲǴӰͿʼβ, ̶мٸ, ȺҲ¡
̶ӵĻֻǱ̶, 뿪̶, ǿǲܵġ
ʱûþͳ˿ͷΪʳҪȥĴׯ
̶Ҳ, ̫ˣ
̶ָܻＸǰдģҲڻŵĴׯǳ˷, ǾѾܹˡ
ɿյˡ̶Ц˵
̣
׻Ҫʱ￴ʱ̶Ѱֻ˸߼۵Ĺס
Ǯȫù̶֮óݡ
ʱֻýǮ, Ǯ
̶Цſʱﾫ, ֱӽ, ȴһձһչģ
ÿǰһҪһ̶֡Ц
ʱû˵
ʱ̶Ӿ·ܿʬס̶ӵ˷ֺͻʬƵԶʱڸˣûʱҸӻƸߵĵطȥٲȻյ
ЩеʬףιôೢζҰǡ
ǿҰˣҲǱҰ˺˵ˣˡ
̶ܶ̾·ԽԽˡ
ʱ֪˿϶֪ܶ£ѯʡ
ЩҰ˶ǴģǴӺӹģǴҵģ
̶֪̾ǰգǿ˰
ʱһ˵ˡ
뿪̨֮֮߳ǰ֪භҲֻ֪ѡϭģٽ飬£޲װ
ıץʱƣһٳ½֪Ҳһλ½
֮䣬һ֮
̨֮߳ǰһֱôġ
֮߳󣬿ȴ硣
ͻȻˣƽ߻صİջճ
ᡣ
Ƕˣǳһ֮ҪսȾҪҲֻһǻһأֻҪĶǶҪ
տඡжĸӣذһһգԳɷ㡣
ʱҲ©ҹ̾иж
ⲻۿ·϶ǵеʬףӬȺۣ֫ףð׹ǡ
ֻһλ򼸴Σÿһ졢ÿһ̶ܿ
ͷˣҲסеĶʱڣǰ£ԶʱܿưȥӬ档
ͻ֪һ߻򼸾ʬǡ
˰ֹ䲼µ³еһ巨˵ʴȲԸ°ΪֻҪԸΪ֮¼ߣΪ֮
ǵԼôⲿ巨ģǿ֮
ĳأΪĳ֮ڴˣڴˡôݰ뿪أ벻ʲôֱ
οİնǴ֮⡶巨ȴ˵ֻҪ¼ǹ֮ˡ
ѵǹڶİ
ն
³дɺǿࡢ֣ؽգࡢ֣ر߳ǳɿգշ׷³һ֮ȫǰձͶ³
³ԴΪɣȻռࡢ֣ǡ
Ǵ΢ࡢ̨֣³һ״³ҪԲ˶ߣ
ɼ³ֹȫһĳ
ʱﵽڻô롣
û³밲ֹĲҰġ
ǰӰ󡭡̲סȥ롣
£е߾֮
߾֮
˭ռˣ˭ġ
Ϊ
һҪѡĻ
Ըðֹռ¡
ڹϣ̨Աŵĵط·ʬ
ʱ˼գֻһ̾
ϧ
ӣҡ
͵һֱãѪԽԽ
ĴѰҩƺҲûʲôá
ӣȥ˷̨ҲûϢ
һӣʮһꡣ
ȻѾԵˣ̫Сˡ
Ϳ˼ʴˣɻûϢ𣿡
˷ҩСιûУѾ˹ȥˣҵɣ
ǿ°ҩҲȲˣҡҡͷƿҩ룺϶һˡ
ԥǰֻ벻үʹҵĸиһҲңɲڣףסµţ϶أҲǰһʱ̴һˡˣðɣȥдţЪЪҩҿЧġ
²ԸŸͳȥʮ죬Ͳš
Ҹչϰף͵ʧ㣬ڼˤˡ
Ҷʱһš
еõϢʱʧδҴ˳ʾرӣֻΪڻҵ
δһսʧȥһۡ
ʣµİҪȺһʱ̾Ȼ˲Ϻӹȵˡ
ǡڴʱȻ͵ϮӵеʮץȥȫͷʬҰﳤȥ
ܲ
ƫƫڴʱر֮ܺȫǰҵˣΪڼ飬¶˴Ӫɱ˰ӵܵӪأɺ¡
Ļÿ춼Ѻ⣬ƽ׿С˼ꡣ
Ͽҡ֡ߡض԰İ˵ֻǾ֣ڼǰҾѾһСһֱǡҶˣȴ˵عܣ˵Щ˲ҴҾŲʹҵһֱ桭죬հɱȥˡĻĻѪ۵ӭǰԮİΪڡ塱ĶЩᡪһһߺšһ߰Ѱͷˡ
ȻǸ廨ͷһžͱܿĵ档
ֻ׷¾ӵġѡ֮²ٶŰҵĻӵӡ
ֻһܰͷ춼ͿԼͷˣ
Щһ쵽ͻӪﳳ죬ĵˣ
Ϊ˭ͷһ£˿ˣ
ù˵ĶԣгĹ򣬰ѵóˣ
ȻֲһӵСЩçľ󣬷һԱͽշģƽϻĲ㿳Ը
ĵôˡá̾ͰԼֵ¡һһʮĸ˰
֮ǰδػšԼʮҪҲû취԰½
ǸĳңȴһҺá
ΪһҪģҺȴֻǡѡҪѷҪռݴݣҪһɡ
ھǺɣ
˳Ӫʺ󣬴Űʹͣȥıˡ
˵ĶţŶ֪ʲôǾǰɱ⡣
ڻ
ɱòˣĿ϶ҪǶȥġ
תڶŰ֣תͷֱշŶ֡
Ļȥ⣬ʿǴһ٣ƵʱžƱվ϶Եµ˺پ˭ģ˵
߰ĺӣ
ӣ
׼ٸյͽһİԶԶⷬ󣬲ɵøԴ˵⵹Ǹ֪ͼġ
˵ᣬҪЩӣôĶӳˡ
ͷ΢Ц˼ʻԸԸΪ
ûж¾Ϳͷеˡ
ͷʱ룺ϵĵڼˣ׵Ҫ֪ˣֻҪƨɴˡ


721 
ǰһ, æܣһһߺˣˣ
Ұжʱ˶ɢ, һȺûͷӬ
Ҳǲ淽, ߰ĺ, վ￴ܡ
һЩĸʧĺվڵ۴źҲһЩ˺ӵĸĸŻ޴ĺ
˭Ҳ˲˭
ֻһգ۵ĹЩ˾ˣ
ǻű, ųĸ, ͣĺ, Щܵ˶ϵһ, Ȼһǰϡ
һǳһŵţһʧ˵ĺӽ, Ҳߡ˵ҲӺͿ˵Ҳҵˡ
ǽŰ, ð߿, 
û취ûдߵʱǣǸк, û, ˾ֵ, һи磬һܡ
ӳˣҲˣϸֵܾϰɣôԼһˡ
кʰߣץǸʲô
ߣɻ
кһɻһֵأβݸʯͷʰ񣬻ˮ
ߣЩϵӱ˸£ᡭɱˡ
ɱˣʱҪɱˣǸô죿
Ǳһֱǰߣ֪Ҫȥ
ϢʱܣֵЩûȥ׷нʱһܣͷ˾ͻᱻһ١
ֵǣùӴģûҲû꣬˸ϻض
û˸ǳԵģǾڵҵʲôʲôҰݣҰӡ
·Ϫʱȥˮ
ߺüζܣߴŵСִͷСֲܲġ
һкܶūĵط
һмūˡ
ѧһЩ³֪һ߼ʣôˣ϶м˰ɣ
ԶܿūڸɻڿأѲݶγʯͷῪѿӹƽ
ԶܿһƬķӣǸոǺõģһĲݻأǵĺġ
ⷿӺã겻ˮҲů͡
Ľ룬Ƿӵİɡ
Щ˰ϵȫһΧ˸Ȧ˵ȦҪ
ܵˣɳȦ֮⣬е˺һһģܳȥĻһܿͱְɣ
˵ĻҲѸɣǾɻҲûʲô
һˣ⿪һӣһȥֻһȥ
ȥ˶վһų˶ӡ
߼̶еĳųһߵӡ
Ȧ˽ȥŵˡ
ֵˣ߰ѺƵ棬
ڰ߹ʱһֻȾڵı첲д˸³
߽͵ߡһǸд˾ȵ˵
ŵõͷС˵ڼʱ·ѧġ
д´ۣվһȥһл㡣
žǸӣҲд˸Ҫվǰһȥ
ӲԸȥҪܣסŵô
Ҳſˣģҵܵܡдʣܻܵ𣿡
߳ɵҡͷ
д˵̻ܰ𣿡߱Ϊûϣˣʱæͷܣܣ
ӾҲ͵˰
ȦȫдʱѾˡ
ߺͺԼ⼸ʮ˱쵽һߡ˰ǻ³֮⣬ʣµжʿӣмƵˡˡСӵܵȡ
ţ˸ͷ
õġڵ滹йӣбζ
߻Եһ̴ĺںڵ̲ˣǰڼҳԵĲһ
극Ǿڵ˯ˡ
ڶɻ
߲ŷ֣һС˸˸ɵĻһ
ɻȴҪѧ³³֡ѧֻҪ³ϾγԲʮͶѧˡ
ȻǾҪŴһ߹еġ··עꡣ
ʲôˣֻǱ¡ԷʱǸӻ׵Ĵ˵ֻϽѴӸٰѼ˶š
ѹ˵
ÿһ˶ʧˣԸһĲɡ
ӳʱֵͬǣɵҲĬ
ߵĺӿź˵
˵ޣҲ¡ǻԺˣ˵ǵļ˾أ˶أǻûеأֻҪǵǼģҲģֻҪ϶šˣҲš
ߣҸ硭Ҳ̾Ҳ롣һҵӣҲ͵ˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ˡ
ߺˣˡӦѾҹѾˡûҵļˡھļ˻ÿһг֡
һֱڸǷӣ¶쵽ˣҲڲͣĸǷӣֱڲΪֹ
ÿȻÿҲ˵˻ᱻڡĹǵᱻĹǰľϡ
˼º󣬾Ȼҵһֺһõܣ
һһǶûգֻּǵôһն˵壬Ǽǳȫһǵˣϡ
ϳֵ֮Ǹ˾ȻҲҵĶӡ
ֻǸӻûҵˡĵ϶ҲֻǡһûǣһǾˣ·ϣ
Ǹ˫۷˵
ȹ˶죬ȻԵĲзӣ
֪壬ǰֹǽ´ׯ
֪Ұܿ࣬˰ҵ͵
˴죬ǱӣʼֵأֳĶǡû˰ûж˰
Ҳ֪ǲūǹİաǿѵ͸ǣǽķ͸ǣڴ˵Ϣ
ǲٻؼ磬֮ܶࡣ
Ҳץˣ
µļңµֵܡֵһ
ŵȼ粻ˣͻȥѼ˶Ǵ˶ӹ
İգ
̨ϣµ˿ղ鲻֪ϲǸǡ
ֲ׼ȷҲܷӦһ죬̨˿ڵ±仯
һǧˣжģжģģԾġ
󲿷ְնᵽĹȥˡСֵҲΪˡ
̨˿ڶӡ
̨סĶǴССӴ˵صİո֮ǰ˲٣ӻĲʮ֮һµҺ͸ˣ˷̨ȱ˿
൱һֶңеƫ֧ϵְ֧ڵĵطең֮Ƽ˽
Ͼзǳϲű˭̨ܼġ
ڷ̨ҵòˣ͸˲ٵλӡƤ۶ģͳἷˡ
оӲġ
ȲǴҵϵӵܣҲǽ׵Ĺ⣬ǹڷ̨仧ˡ
ɽϡ
Ҳ벻ɽϾȻôģأ֧ϵüٿ˲̨סԺŰ˸쵽ǰ
ʣȥ޼ҪǮˣ
ҡͷȥ޼ˡ
˶֪һɽ´ңȱǮܲȥҴϡ
˵ֻйˣǲͶ
ôأ˴޼Ҿ²ŷ֣ԭֻ˼ȥҪ֮⣬ʲôûɡˣ̫ò̫ˡ


722 
µһ꿪ʼ, 괺죬ڷ̨µ£ڽΣ˳ӷףһԺүܸӵİʱˡ
ȻֻǼϸţëĴ꣬Ҳϸϸܵ졣
÷̨µĶˡ
, ʵͦӱ, ʱߡֻҪڸʱ, һ̫ı仯
ڷֵ̨ص˼ռ˰˳ɣİոǼҼһе, һСС, ŮŮ, µء
ǰ꿪Ҳ൱ĶࡣϾݵĻ, ơ
ظڰº͵ʱе㲻̫⡣
Ϊֲ, ҲΪȻүľͲ鷳ˡԽɻ, ߳ɻݡ
ݼ򵥰Ĳݸ²ŴѾðͷ, һ쳤һ, µĹѾ̳ð˸ˡ
Ҷ˵ݰ, ÿ, ú, ճɿ϶ã
ɺôʳռеֲ࣬Զʲôʲô³ϰԵֻƶɵƶռɣĳǸֹ
ˣгɢһԡΪڴ̶̣ǶԶ·ˣѾϼˡ
԰˳ġ
֪ԴʲôҩͻȻԼһšҳ£ȻҺҲìܣʽּңҵ·Ҳ˾֮С
ǡʱӹͳƳ͵Ϯ˼·شҡ
ϮԮȣȴ֮
̶һµĹӹȾʹһ࣬ССսؿ
ΪƣȷʵǱˡ
֮ǰ֪£һ֮ڴг˵ǲˣȫؼҹݶˡ
Ӷµ£̨ݲȫɾǸµģڽָʹ£޸֣εĴ
ʱ̨ʿҲûţǻʫݰΪ˼ݣţʳݣԼеԹס꣬Ұѡ
Ϊ˳ЦգҲ˳ֵ̨̽߳ӵܡ
ǰΪݣูڡ
ǰӽΪΪȴԸͷƨɹ¡
Ϊӣѵʼһôܱô죿
ձÿΪȱٽ̻ӵܸһ̫˰ɣ
ӭ֮Ц˵ں֪Ц˭ء
ôһɲأ仯ǽ
Ҳڵһɣ׷ľһɲ䡣
Ϊ䣬ҹһɲģܰȻ̫ڲʱڲµʱ¡ʳʳͻܺԣԴ˿۳ʲô¶ӦһԼĹɣֻҪɣһֱţͿԲܺͿ̫ƽˡ
ǵ۵ܶ࣬ʵеӦÿԷÿˮÿ˯ǹɣ
ӦʱӦڣ촩£촩¡㷴촩¾ǲϹɵģ˾ͻܺ
ĺе
Ƶġ֤Ȼ׷䡣
ڷ̨ǺˡóǰĹŽ֤ɵԨԴǻкܶ౾д¹ΪɢĻжָ֤ۡ
һǣ뽪Ͻ̨ȥ飬ѡĻʵ۳ͳ򷽡
ĻҲ㰲˲ˣЩ˸֪ԼŽȥġ
ĿǰѾǵƫˡ
֮ǰɵͷһֱý̨
ȸֹһʵɷ
Ƚ̨ʵѡ

ͷ˺ܻ˵һȺɵӶһ뷨ΪȰѰֹȥ֮лһӣȻǸԵʵ۵˾ͻԼվˣ
Ͼǿ˭ȳͷ
֮ǰΪͷļϸ˵ͣͷǱͨ檺ʹˣûҵƵ
ֻܰͷץʣûˣô롣

Ȼͷ˾͡򲡡Űȥˡ
֮ƫΪֹɷ򲻹ǸС⣬˳ֺ󣬽˾á
ȻͿʼ˭
Щδʵʱͦеġ
ͷӭ඼
޳һͷ֮ʣµĻĿͼصƽɢľ·ȥˡ
˼ţĿת˱𴦡
Ĵ˵ġҿǼٴûﶼ
ٻûĵطҶʼ̨㡣
ɽһˡ
ڷӭ£ϵŮ׼ҲʵǷֶΡ
յĴ壬ǱȽϽӵģϱ˵ˡҡҡҵȣǿͿţܸ޼˵ϻйϵѵ˵
Ըλʲôʲô٣
ԵŹŮȢ
ⶼǿˡ
ľͶˡ
ܡ
޼֧ļӺ͹ӵĵӵүүϹܡ
ǻؼҵ·ϣҰ˳ܣйһء
ǽңҹڰܣɵ޼Ҽ˻йһء
ͨѡˡ鸾Ļʱһ԰ܣйأеķֱһԸֶֶȻ˲ͬһ༴ͬһ֮¡
Һô޼ɽ󣬷֮Ӳ˰˶Ȼˡ
ҲֹǰеģҲаŮġ
޼мѾ޵Ĺˣ͡ļޡˣļ޺׼Ҿ͵ɽˣѴ޼̡
ʵ˵׾һĿģ޼ҵӡ
޼ҵӵжٲ֪˶Ĭϴ޼ҵ޾ģ˲ռײռ˭ռƾʲô޼Ҿһɽأ
ʹ޼ҾټǱӣڻҵȫҪԭǣɽڿˡ
޾ǰ޵£ƴ̹״޼ҵġɽʮǰڲˣǼһֱģĴ̽ҳһǰʮ꣬ʱǰڳӵ֡
ụ̂޼ҹҲܡڿʼˣж˺ȥαװ¶޼Ҫǽֻȫ
޼˼ǰһ֮
ѡͶǿºͿסİֹ
޾Ƶһټ޼¶ǰͷ̧Ҳ÷ӭ˷ǲú£Ȼ˾ס°ɣɽȻѾڿ˾Ͳȥˡ
ȴ޼ͳȥʷӭ࣬޼˵ĻǼ٣ӭа˷档
ʮǰͳӾͲˣʱжϴϳ⡣
ǱϾֻһɽϼ꣬ӣӭЦ
ȥЦݣݶɽʵûʲô飬˵ɽϣͦ˵ġ
ӭҲЦŵģ˵޼ҵĲ£ΪΪ֡
Цϧ٣ӹ߶ࡣ޼֮£Ը١
ô޼Ҫȥ˵ҵɽڿˣŵĲмһӵϣѴ޼ҵĹͷӶեҲҪѴ޼һեɾ
Եѣˡ
ķӭ࣬Цˡ
;Ӧһǫѷˡĸǫ˻˴ʮꣿ
ѡ乫ӡһƣ䶼ĸӹ
Ȿ͸һˡ
Ѿηˡ


723 ֻҪͷӵú
޾һҴӹ󣬾ͳϹſҵĳصҡ
լ, ռĹ㡣ǰֶҵԺ, һլԼסլǿԺ, רͶĿˡ
޼ҾסһԺС
޾üȻؿԺȥȴ˲ϴ, ȥ
լǰ̱Ϳ˽ȥ߽Ų, ĵӾͿ첽ӭ˹, һҾ, , ޹, һ˳
޾Ͷܵǰ˵ĵˣҲϽ, һжãĸʡӵæд֣Ҿ޹ˡ
޾æ˵Ҵ
ʣ繫ûһ𣿡޾ƺܸмӭ, Ϊʱ̨ʱҲ·ԭ޼Ϥ˼ȫڰֹû֮ǰ군ˡ
Ҷ޾ƼǵùϵĴƺӭཻã̽ŵһšϷӭ൱飬һеȥš
ǽд޾Ʋ֪θлźá˵ӭ밲ֹ, ͰѼеŮ͹ȥˡ
̨, һ÷ӭࡣ
֮ǰǸʲô, ȻԸΪãֳģƲĲ̫Դ󣬵ôӭ඼ֳòǫӡ
ٶʱҲ˲£úܺá˵Ǹ紫ˣӦԵ൱áȻû˵һ仰˵˻ġ
ֿ߱һˡ
߱Ѿˣ֮ǰǱߣҪôţҪôͱš
߱ûа㼵ʣбСܵܵʶߵÿһ˶ʶ߱ÿ߱ʱһ߱뿪ߡ
ĺչСģʶǴӵΡ
ǽ֮ǰʱ˺ܶİ취û֮ء
һԼ;ÿˡʱĸĵܵҲáСҪչˣҪ
̫ɵˡ
߱ϲ˵ָܴ߱ʶˣһضϳֻܼһ죬ڶҽʶµˣԭ˲֣ͻ˸ˡ
̲סЦˣͷ
Ըﵹáϲоֵ߳һУо߱պ󻹲˵ӻദúܺõġ
߱䣬һദúã߱ദס
÷ӭΪʹߣȥ˵ǳء
⵱ȻǳΣա
᲻ð׸ȥû취칫
ҲëȥƼ˵ȻҲС
õľˡ
ڷӭˣȥҲȥʾԴŴ޾һȥ
д޼˵ӣĳӦþ͸Σˡ
ӭûжȻӦŵõһʲôĽֱ׵Ȼʲô˵ʲô
ӭˣһ㲻⣬ߡ
ѵԾ»ңʡ
ʣѵѾ𣿡
ڴĵطֻнһ飬Եڿ㲻Ҫ˶ϲһţ˿ڶʮϵͳжҪμӽȥ
Ǵһ˽Ǻշˡ
ԣȻڻҡ
ӭȻʵҪףҪȴѡа֮ţ
⻰ֱܾ£
Цŵ˵ͷ
ӭĬãȥ
֪ôԴ޼˵ģ޼˾ȻԸˮ
ڷӭûְ˾Ҳûõ٣˵͵ߵġҲ˵ڵĳ͢׸ɻ幤
⵱ȻǷǳõƷʣ
ӭ࿪ĻᣬԼϯ޾Ƶȴ޼ϯԼ׳һ׳ơ
⻹̨Ժһι࣬Ϣһȥ̾˲ˣ¶վˡ
ӭ൱ȻҪ˵һ˵ԼΪʲôĻᣬԼһ
дòϾһƷ磬Ҫúã²þͳ˲ݰˡ
ʮ꣬˵ģĻдƪģ廪õ侫׼¡õ䶼Բλ࣬Ͳᷢˡ
Ŀƪ൱˾ȣΪһͨ
ǰֹġˡ˶Ϊվڰֹߵġʵۣ˻ʵǻʵۣʵʵүү
ʵүүͺܺˣǰ뱲ӳʹ޴뱲ӣ´úỵ́Ĵ޹£ǳûΪ˾ӡ
˷׷׵ͷȷʵ۵ĴĻֻҪۣ״ȷʵ⼸
ʵ
ʵ볯в֮˴֮һ
һƬãȻ
˵ȵ볯û֪ǡһֱǶﰡû˷̨˵
ȵ۲óޣλʱ˭ᣬ˭㲻ˣҲҪ˼
ҪҪȢҲû³
ȵ۶ôˣµܿ
鿴Լ˵˵Ļ˵ǾǸȵĨˣ
ǰ۳輿һԼĶӱȣǶдȶû취ȡ
ͬͬޡ
Ҫʵˣȵųˣһ˶ˣ϶ȵ۵ĴҪϡ
µãȻãȻӭŴС
ȵһӣΪ̫ӡ
ѻȸ
µûһ˸ҳ
ѾˣˡҲĿ˶ŷӭ࣬ΪʿԣҲ
ô˵ӭȷʵϯߴ١
û˵꣬˵ȵۻе
ȵšһӲòΪʵۡ
ԣȵ۵ȵģĵΪǸɵӣԲűš
Ϊʲôʵһֱû˼أ
칫ڰѳֳãǻʵǸɵӣɽ׶ٲԷȻ߶ֱ߲ߡ
Ļʵۣôվڴڳߵݣ
˵Ѿʲôˡ
ҰѴֻҶĶôֱ׵˵ĻͲ˸ˡ
ֻ˵ʲô˵¡
ʵ۵Ͳ˵ˣǸնͲõʵۡ
ӭ˵ǰˡ
Ȼһת˶Ϊǰ˵ô࣬˵˭ܵʵˡ
ȴ˵ʵ۵ĴýǴǲФӵܣⱾӦø޹ذ
ǱӦùźúõӣոðʱջŮʱޣӸúúö飬úʩչԼı
˶Фӵܸˡ
㿴ս죬㿴ûûȡ
үȥºԾˡ
ӭΪʵ۵ĴӦôԼȥʰ˻ӦվɹԼӡ
ȥÿһ˵ϢֹꡪǱˣͻʵɵ۲ܻʵۣԼģ
Ȼӭô޾Ϊ̵Եʣǲò米ӵ̨
޾ŵͣɽϻͦģϿߣҲݡ
ⳡĻԲɹ󣬷ӭ쿪һ̨˶֪ʵۣ˵ȵ볯˽飬еʵǸɵӡ
̾ͱˡ
ȷʵһֱڹʿſڿޣ칫⵽ǲġ
һҲ칫ڸڡֻˡ
׸һҲһңֻܽ˰ŹؽƽʱСĵй˷Żǽʲôġ
칫ڼһãƼҲˡ޿κΣֻáˡ
Ҳˡ˵Ժ˹ţȻܽʽӦԡ
лʵǡ
룬Ȼ⻰ѳڣҲʵ۵ˣ˵˵ɡ
ӭͣ鵽Ǽ٣ӭƫԶС֮ô֪ʵ۵£˵Ŀ϶ǼٵĶԲԣ
ͳʹֵ˵Ȼûۼȵ볯βʵǸɵӵģ˵壬·Ҫ˷ţȻϲײǽ
ָֹķ³ɣ²˷̨µʿһŻȵġ
ӷӭ˵ƴ£֤ʵ󣬷̨Ծһ
վڹǽ£ǽĿɬѵʵʱУµĶˣȴǶһһļ긾ˡǶÿһ죬Ϊ˻ʵܿǣĲŻڵ֪Ƕһӵ飬Ļʵȴһɵӣôܵ
Թ˵ȹһΣؿѧ÷̨ϵѧ³ֵʱˡ


724 Ժ
֪جġ֮, ̨ĽϾͶʿ
һڽܵģ
ִ޵ģ
ִģ
гʫٿٴģ
ͷײصġȵȡ
ЩĲȫͷ׵, кܶͷںڵˡ
ӽĹ۲쿴ʱձ˥, ͨʮһԿ׷ˡͷں, жڶʮ, δǸˡ
ַǶ಻ʤ
ǽࡣ
ʱܿǽһؤˣΧһȦļˣĵȰ˻ؼ, 淢衣
ԾģЩѾÿˡ
ȷʵ˷裬Ǳ֮, ӶͦߵģͻȻ˰Ƥˣˣôܼأ
Ծ, ٲһ裬˼˵ˡ
ͷװôҲһ롣
׸磺߿ˣҾð˳ɶװġܲ˵ˣϻŵĶǲġ
˵ҶԻʵû̫ྴ⡣رһ칫ʱʱҲͺ˼ɡ
Ǻ, ѹ, Ǿûˡ
»ʵ˶, Ҵ½ң˿ɷ
칫иǡ
˵һĴˣһĴ˻Ҫٴһ㡣
׸ŵݳһдġš
µء
дģ˵ϣṩġΪȻڵӪڴ
⻹칫ӸӵĹ⻷ǵڶ칫Ĳأ䵽׸ϡ˰׸綼ʶûҲ͸ˡ
׸óʱһѹûС
֡ʵ칫Ѱ׸̵ò׸ȻĴ⣬ûԭģǰȥġ
ŵˣԳƵˡ
Ǽ˺дģ˵һĻ˼ᾧõģдš
˵ȻڵĻʵǸɵӣֹΪŮֲ֮иҪҳһʵ۱ѡ
ʵۼһĵĹأʵۼλ󣬸ʵһĹǶ롰λ
Ҳ˵ǲܵ٣ʵҲǷٷڷֻ̨ܳߡ
ߣֳһҲȨλӴ˺֮䣬ңɽˮεȿ⣿
뿪ҲǱ롪աһգһȻӲһسͣס꣬ȥסꡣ
Ȼǲȱʳص嶼⹩ǡ
Ҳµ֮ϵŮӣȻҲºӡЩӶնΡеĻᱻ˸߲ҵġ
ҲеĻ뵱Ůܻӭ
ʵѡһ㶼٣Щоݿɲġ
ȻնΣҲ⣬쳤վãѪ׻ʣ¶ٶ˵
ڲѾûа취𣿣
Щ˾ʹ㰴ͼµЩȥҴ
ľۣҲǵʵүүĵܵˡ
׸統е壬ָۼλʱаλӳߣһĸ
ܸȤʣµ𣿡
׸Ҳ۵Ȥǰ칫оأ
ǡĸ˵Ϊӹȥ󣬳˲ɾʳġ
칫ʶ۵ģûǸӡ
ݡĲǱģʵӺʳжܷŽվֱȫҷǰҪϴ֣ÿٶˢɾȵˮ̫ȼ֮ˡ
ĸ˸ݼûºӵġʣµĸһʧˡ˵Щ˵ǡߡʵϴӳͳˣһ·ͳȥġÿһ˸ţ֪
ҶдЩӡ
Ǿһĳ֮ⶪˣ֪ˡ˵ܵܲ˻ڵڶټĳǳʱѯʡ˵ܵȥĳˣĶأ
ǸŵòᣬòͳϢŭû鷳
˺ӡ޳µŮģּȥˡ
һˡпܿԱƾΪʵۡ
ɵʰ׸磺ǹⲻõ𣿡
·Щˡ
׸ҲʱоͷҲôġϸһйصЩǣּÿ˶û³ĺӡ
ǶЩҲôءеİĺӽ̳ūͣʹҲе֮Ұ׸˵ǹġ˼ߣΪӡ
ҲеˣŮ
һ㣬һֱʵô׷£仰˵ǿΪܳʱûսԵʣҵŮŮôżɻ飬ûд󵱻飬Ů󵱼޵ʶһϣʤŮӡûɻ˾в٣Զзuзӭࡣ
ÿ괺ʱŮĻᣬҲΨһһŮйصˣʱ䣬ҲߴԼҵӵܸϽӡ
ǰ̨˵ܶĵŮɻҲˡ׸Ȼӣ˺üףľܾˡ滹и飬칫ҵĸܾ֮øˣ˵塣
ǸΨһһӵĹеļضֻˡеֻǸмأǸӺȤ
û֪ǸӵĶ
׸Ϊѡ⡣
Ҳô룬ǷţֻǸ̾һ䣺ЩˣҲǹùˡ
׸תһԽˡ
ǸӵĺӦѳӣƽְӡʮԺһͻȻЩ˷ƽһȥˡ
ʣôǰ紫ȥʿȥǽ̨ǴԼȥ
ͺñǰһҳȥһȺԼȥռ
Է̨ҵӵԴ˵кܴǰߡ
ǰ˵ȥ󣬵ڰ͵˶ͷֻ̨ڵõϢʮһٸʮһˣһٸһˡ
׸ҲӦߣǿ϶ֹǰ͸ҡҪЩһ𡭡ʢ١Ц˵
仰˵Ҫ֣ҪǮҪơ
Ž˵Щ˿ĻᣬĻϳһȥѰҡӭرѡǡ
׸ûгϯĻᣬĻһٵ
ʹûǹǾΪԼ׸ߺߵġ
칫ڷʵ֮һֱ˼취ʧĵӭ²ߣΪƻλ̳еĹ
ΪʲôеĹӱڻʵۼλԺ뿪̨ΪʲôǲٹԵգһؾЩӵ뿪öȥ̣ڸǲ˵λ֮µɱ
ٴûֵеĳ¡ЩӿĸԸ뿪Ϊ֪ԼʲôҲò뿪ٻڣ˷̨ҲԸ׷ǣԸǣʵҲ̫ѹ
ǱϾȥġ
һ˸ͷЩѾûϣ̳лλĹǷһ취ߣпܼ̳лλǲѡ
ο칫Ͷ԰׸˵ڵĴ˵ʵ»ʵۣƶ
ʱ̫⣬ֱ˽ŷƶܱ֤ƽ밲»ʵ۵ûԤ⣬ϲ̨ƶǾͻѡһԼϲġ
칫˵ûлʵۣδزá
»ʵ۳ʱʵҲûѡأֻ˳ӣ޶ȵı뱣ġ
Щ˵Ļһˡ
ڷӭװ׼֮ʱϢѾȥˡ


725 
µ糿һ΢, ̫ĹѾܳˣڷ̨ϡ
ϸǰһҹ, һݱ, һȼ, ŻؼЪϢ
չۣ˸Ƿ
һȺϵִ۵ӵ, վͷĵ硣

á
ȻͲ󣬵Ѿ˳һˡ
ֹ³, ³ةֻڹٳ˼䡣ֻȨѬ죡
̨µҪ·
ͬΪ̨Ļꡢ׸硢ëѵ˲
ЩԽķ̨µĽǣҲֻűӷƫԶСһ޵޲֮֮ˡ
Լûˣλ䣬ȴƤþӸλĹ
֪жԳּǰ硣
ŵ˵ͷ, Ͳ˵ˡ
۾ɬú, ˯ˡ
ʱһϤ˳, ǽ, ³ӣͬʱҲ֮, ࿴, ˵ͷһؼӸ֡
ȻȵöࣺôԳ
˵, һ
գȥ
˵һȻǰͷ·
õڣֻһŶߣұһŶ߽ȥ
ǶȻмš
һһء
мһС֮ǰӦŮʱϢµĵطȴܣȫǹճõŵĸֵ伮³д
ЩȻԶԶʱһͷܷɵʮ֮⣬ǾͱҳҪĶ
ʵѾôˡʱܾ˽ժ¥
ڸСҲùסЩ
زǹͽ뺢緹ĵط
û߽Ѿ߱ˣĽŵЦúܿġ
߽ȥͿ߱ڼڵܡ
ֲ߱˳
һ˵Ļ
ʱЦһѣȿܲ˵ɡ
Ŀˡ
ѵõЩţܿ侲
࣬һ˼̵ȹЩʵͬһˡһֻҪͿˡ
Ұûô
ֻҪ׷湫һⱲӾͿԺЦȪˡ
ңùĳǰͶˣǸļ̳ߡ

ڻ빫ĸŮǷܺ
ԹΪĺӣܶҡġ
һ̹ͨȻˡ
ϯ
лóеӹһ۾˵Ҫõö࣡
ָΪʵɵӡɵķ粨ĸӦҪСĶö࣡
һ֣Ҳ³ɡ
ʵۡڸ͡
ɱ٣٣ԴΪ⿪ĻҲ١
ңܵӰֻңڳİǶûһ
ûǲ̯ûвֵأҲûвŮȢϱ
֮ǰͦİǵܵӰ죬緢ɧҡеȡ
ͳƿһ糣
ʣԡ
նǵһЦһЦ
ԭȵ۸һԷް
ˣ
ȷʵȵ۵Ļʺÿˡ
Ȼ֡
ɲܣܳףһɵ
Ծˡ
˵ôû³أ
ԭˡ
ǵĲ෹˼̸ʣȻˡ
һ֮ǰǷűأ²᲻˲ڰŻɿ¡
ܽҲ
ҲҹϮǡŻ¶ȸ⡣
ʲôû
Ȼ򡱡
ԡŮˡΪ׵ķ̨ڸ·ǿĿвһСġ
ǶԸȰб˸ɵ
շ̨˳ˡ
˵һ¡
Դӵ֪ʵǸɵ֮ЩԤпΪ˵͵˶ҪĶˡ
𣿡ϲʡ
жʮŸ˷壬ͷ

֮
ֻ˴ˡ
ôʣ߸
˵£ͷȥϢˣ۾ˡ
ǣһ£ָ̡
ת񣺡ֱԱǡ
Ҳû£ȥתת
Ѿ̨ϵķ羰ߵҲϤˣƢԶһõĻģڷܵģĴģʶˡ
ʶһ磬ʶһЩʶˡ
Զµڻûʲôǲģûһ˹㣬׵Ĺүү
үүЦеҡͷ˵С
žöʮҹְ಻ͣĶһʧ
ŷԼڿˡ
׷ԭʹүүΪʲôУ
תͷԽ̾㵱Һµ£Ůһ
ΪʲôУǻ˵
ڶڷ̨һǧ֮ӵ˼ˣһأôأʲô£˭ⲻ
ǰѽסˡ
ȥҲûʲô㡰Ժ͸ˡȷʵ滷еңȵ˵ɡ
ҲغܾãһԺͲˡ
ĽһȻ˵ΪҪԲܳȥԼⲻˡûб˵ǿʼ취
ѾܾˣҲܾˡ˵Ķԡ
Ϊʲô
䣺ΪǴ㲻¡
յʱԱߣɫԡȻóĸºе񣬲һŮӦģﶼĸģǴСĸ³ģһ㲻Ծͱͨˡ
ȻǹĸǾǶԵġ
Ϊʲôǡ
Ŀ̲ס߱ϡ
߱
ֿƺʲô
Բģܲܳš
Ȼǲܵġ
ΪǴǡ
ǴĻ㲻Ӧ𣿡
ȥѹƹүүû˼ˡ
Ȼ⡰壬ȥʹȨ
ЦĴǹġֻġ
ˡ
СԴ֪һ㲻ͬܶ˼
ȥɣ˭Ͽˣʡ
ͷǰ塣
ԹĹҲ٣ϲĹ¡ȻĲ׸빨ô⣬ͨȻһһһ֣ȴ˼
˵ı¶ûѧᣬȱųȥˡ
仰֪ûϣˣ߱뿪ˡ
ߺҲˡ
ëѵˣҲ¡
Դ޼Ϊҷ׷ӿ̨ս֮Ǯڱˣ
̨ºȫǿں֧ŴӸ·̡гԶʳʳļ۸һֱûǵ̫
꾰תҲԼˡȻܻҪһҲ˵
ϣеģǶʼԼֵˣϰֲϰõջȥԼһСջ񲻹࣬Ҳˡ
ǹе
ǲҪܣĶֻ࣬ҪǼܣǿԽܵģ
ëԼû꣬ȴûʧ¡
룬ʷжټ
ⲻζʳͲȱˡ
ʳǲġ
Ҫأ
ȻǴĵط
ӹǲˣĳǲֻҪЩǵ취Ūˣ
һֱһĿľû١
Ǵòɿʱ˳ûȥһº󻹿࣬ӦóɹʲС
ڴ˻࣬Խ࣬ԽңԽʩչ
Ѿ̲סˡ
ë˵Ǯˣ
ʱϲˣ
Ҳǲ
ë֪㣬ʱҲʱ򣬺οҲŰ֮ǰˣҿһǰȥҺӦϣ¿ɳɣ
ˣëѿĵȥǾǴȥ°
Ϊشңƭ
Ըңëǰ£ûеġ
ëĿ¡
ֻԸսǴ󱦣¹һ̫ƽ


726 ǵ
Ӹȫ, ֵũæʱڣȫæµš
һϥǸߵСкſľͰ䱼šվ﹡ϣһŶҵĸ˺, 
ͶȫǸˡ첻ͳ, ʱ򣬶Ѿͣĸĸʱˡ
е˼һԵģе˼ѾûгԵˣֻͼɻ
˴Ͱͷóкһ԰ɡ
кȻС, ȴǳ£ҡҡͷ˵绹Ҫɻ, Ҳﶼ˰ɡ
˲Ƶ¶һЦ, һڸк԰, 㻹Ҫء
һͷȻӣкѾˡľͰؼң·ϾҰʱȥҳԵģҰˡһĳӡСߡѡʲôУֻҪܳԡ
Ұһ˶ߵҰݰڵʵʵġ
Ȼ
кŵſڵϣԱߵҰ, סԼ
ǵú, ĵүү, ͬ˶ץˣץԺǾҲزˡ
ǸкŮһֱҹޣ˵Ҳᱻץߡ
Ѿǵõʲôˡ
ֻ֪ץԺүү͸ֵأ̻мĽǷ֯
ڶҪץ磬үүǷ˸磬ץУүү˵ᣬ
ǾͰүүץˡ
û꣬Ǿˣץ˸硣
̾ͱµظɻˣĺ̫ˣã㲻Ӧ
˽Ժ󣬼һǮһֳʳЩˡûһԵˣﻹǰˡ
ʣһСˡ
ΪʲôóԵı١˵Ϊк
ǲܻһɫһ
̸Ȣޣӣ˻ԽԽ࣬ӲŻԽԽù
óȴֻܼ޵˼ȥ
Լá
볤ȢޣӣüԽԽࡣܱ̣Ϊġ
ɱЩץߣͻˡ
кҰһֱڣŻ˼ҡ
˵ҿˡ
ľͰͰǰͰҰ˺Ӳݡ
šӦһ
ʣ˭ץˣǲץ˵ģǹ·ġ
Ķץ˵ġ
Դǹ·ģץˡİɣСݡ
̧ͷû˵Сõ֣йú󣬾ǽд̶˵дʱ˵
ء
Ҳá
ҹǺܶ࣬Ұֲָ
ͣһ£һѻһࡣ
Ŷڻǰһ˱ǡ
һ꺺߹˵ˣûǣҲûˣ԰˯һˡ
žȵȻûǣĹٻ˶ûҰûʬûǡ
꺺ӣҲɡһ·ûһѵģȫǡ
ЦڳзŮ̫٣ԸԼŮˣŮ̫ࡣ
ӣ̫١ˣֻ¶ҳˡ
ţͺˣʣµ˹ҲǾ֮ŰһƬжˡ˵̾˿
ëӵܣʮʱë£ëӵһͬëҽ̵
ʱѾʮ飬ҰݽëңΪԼһ֮ס
ֱ׵˵ϣëƾˡ
ʮȥʮˣڻûء
Ҳ㲻Ŭʮϲ
ëѡҲʦһϲʵ˲šҪϤ£ҪҪ͸ҪһҪʲôΪ仰˵Ҫдʱ˿Ҫ£ȴдġ
һʱ䣬һֱŮӵĿд飬д˼ˣдһЩС
д˲ˡ
Ȼ̫⣬Ϊ»أȴҡ
֪дȥʲôˡ
һε£ȴһһʮˡ
СܻǳΣաë˵ҪҪӦҡ
ţ֪Ҽв֮ҡ
ҳСǣǺǮĸ۾˵ʱҪÿ֯ĸ˵۵һ죬ֻҪܶ־Ͳͣ
ĴССûһˡ
ŴСԳ˴һʱͱ׽Ŷ顢飬ʱܳڳ£һƪֵĳģһ
һҪ͵ʦ£
ʵѾܾöûлعˡͰڵصһʦ£ɵȴΪͽ
Լҡ˵ֻ²ܿɲţҲ氢Ѱһǰ̡ʦͽֲ˷ѣպѰʦͶմУٰʦŶԣ׷ʦʮ꣬ʦңʦ̨졢ëңһ֮
ŵ˷̨󣬷ҶţëΪСʿӣʵûһ̡ˡˡʦ޵ĴҲһ㶼档
ȥңҲûμĻΣ칫µĵӰ׹ӣȻɢĴǷ񣬼죬Ϊִһ̬֮൱ϲ
ңòס
ſǰ׹ӴƣȽ֪Լ֮Զӡ
Żƹ֮ͣŷƼҹɭϣС֮Ǻѳͷġ
ʦ˵ȥëҡϣëҶûʲôȤǺƤëˡ
ʱ䳤ˣű
ʮ꣬ҲˣҲˣȴûһ¡
ʱҲǰ׳־һյĥжˡ
ΪǣΪڶ֮ʱ½磬ʦ֮һݹʡ
ֻ֪ʵһǳСˣĺ٣ֻһ̤ʵصȥɡ
Ȼģ
ϣһҵ
żǵԼʱֻûѪԴȥ
˵Ҳ壡
ԣ͵ˡ
֮ǰѾйҵ飬Լдģ˼صйرӵݡ
Ժһ·ߣһ·ҡ
ҾӪӻ൱ĵġ
Ȼӹÿ࣬һϧ֪ϢĻᡣ
ҲûжԱ̫֣ûиϾɱ
üſΨһһ£ҹˡ
ϵֻҡҡͷ˵ãһܵ˳һ࣬ʲô²𣿡
һһҵĻŲϵ϶ҵļҹ治á
ãҲܴˡ
ҹȷһ޴
󣬳Ӳ֪٣ӵܵܶ棬еı
еڶǻͷּѾ첻ˡ
֮ѾϵԾ͵˵ĸף̫̫Ȼû˸ҰҲ˲ٵ
ԭϳȥϵѾգûԮ֡
Ǵŭȵ֮͡ޡʹǾͱҪеıȨ
͵ಿ޿κΣǲ֧ǣΪǰռҹ棬Ӧʧĳӡ
ʧȥһϵ֧֣šŲϽбȨϸգԵøԷڡ
ֻŸܣ
ӵź󣬵֪г£˵ʹˣ
ǰŸճŰҾͷڸܡӪرϮһָԷмϸ
ͣڰ;һŻرӣһ̽ǱߵϢ
ߵϢ̫áҸܵУǵԽԽ㣬촫ˡ
ǱƵļҪԾʾס
мϸϮŶʤˣĲϣ仨ˮʧʧʧˡ
·Ҫ߽ˡ
ܣҲܡˣ͸ˡ
˼ǰֻþؼ磬ȶơ
Ƕľ֧
Цⲻ𣿡
꺺ʦµĴˣ֪֮꣬Եԣˣûĵġ


727 ȹ֮
ŵҵʱ, Ҹոһ͡
ҲǱ, ֮޵׵״硣
˷ֱôӰ׼Ҹ˳ȥ
һ׺ӵ˱ƵڵأһǰĺӶͷðѪ, ǿˡ
ҴǰƽʱûʲôˣȴͬͣҲ˽ǰǻԥ
һĻ, ʵǲ̫ÿ
ŵĴ˾ȥ˷ǺӶҴƿڴװɵүҼҹòףһ֪, һԼˤˣˣĺӣڲǼһУ
棬ץżŵĴ˶˵ҲǹûΰȻصĿޡ
ŵĴ˳˽ץס֣׼Ҷɳ, Ƿֱֻһ˵
˵۾ʱɴˡ
˹, صŵĳǰӳóͶ, һԴ漱Ҵ߳ǰһҾ, ѼŴӳ, ֣طǳȥˡ
һʱǰ˶סˡ
, ǲʶ
ٿųĳ, ԯ, úܣԯͰӡ
Ǵġ
Զ·ĳôˮôණ
˴ӵ϶ӣȻȥúôһ£ġ
ҲˣĨ˰ѶϵѪҲ˳
һ̣ǰŵ˾Ȼ߹ˣ
⻰ȥ뼾Ŷʹ޵Цˣ뿴ⶼȥ˰˵ţߺ޵һȭڰϡ
ƽؿ
ǵʧ̬ˡ
ţ֮顣Ӳؽ⡣һָЩˣҲ档
üԸŸ߼
Ц߼ҵҲ޷֮ĸ֡
һ·Ѿˡ
͵ʱһ͵ҲȻŻңɷ֪ԺǺá
ҵˣǸղǰǸӡ
ҵļҹ˶֪ǸӾ֮ޣӺڣ
ΪӲǿԽεˡ
֮ȴ֪Ͱѳȥˣֻ֪֮ǰҪȥˡ
ʱʲô֪
֪ǰǻ
мʲôö֪֮֮޵ǻ󣬻ĳӲڵʱҡ
ԣһʼ֮ǻʱûȽŸա
֮û˻֧еˡ
վŴݣǻؼҵշѣҶֲ
ĻҲǽ֡
ҲǸʱ͵Ĵˡ
֮޸ž͡Ծˡ
Ų£Ҫô֮ѵԼҺԼĶӣҪô˶֣ˡڼ顱
ͷǳɩҴǰ߷ѵԾ˵ġ
ʵӶ˺
ĸ׾濴š
ҳ󣬲
ԾĴ˶Ϊ֮Ϊ˲űԾ
ǸŮôأ
ŮȻˣµĻڡ
˵棬ڴǰΪʲôϸգǷͼҼҵٿĪ硣
ڸգ뿪ҡֻܱ
˵кᡣ
ˣҲϴϵˡ
Ѿһ̤ȥˡ˲ˡ
ĹֻʵۣڲԼľˣȥ˲١
áӣȫĴ
֮⣬ûʥּ䣬ҲɱͷûбͼҲɱͷ
ϡϽˣսӹȣҲɱͷ
ǰǰ󷸵ܿͷĴﹻ¿ϼʮصġ
ôˣ
ֻ
ôĽë֮ëѵ֮⣬˵֪ͳӣСӵ䡣
ǲᣬڼǰңң
⣬ҵ˶Źˡ
̾ǰַǣӷģΪ˶
Ǵϲ
ž㣬˵˵һͨͳô¡
ʱڼ͵Ļ£ƽƽĵ˷̨ҲƽƽļһҸȥʻʵ۰õ
ӹ͸ڷ̨йĸʽΪʽԣϵݣȥҪҵĲ֮
֮Ÿᡣ
Ȼ͵ûݹҾ͵ûջȥˣȻؼˡ
֮ӵȻܴӦ
Ǹʽ
дһ⣡ͳӣǿˣǺеθеġ
ѧʽдҪ³֡Ҳ³ְǲУһ㣬㻹߰ɣ
֮֮ǰҲ̵ڷ̨ƣԼʻʵۺòõĿ֪ʵǻ
ȰߣĶˡ
ֻȡ䡱Ժһţˡ
֮ӾڽĴȻȷʵڷ̨³ɣ³֣¸ʽҲģս̨ʱǼǵᶼ֤ĸʽء
ҪѧҲ򵥣ȥѧˡѧѧǲҪŶ˭ȥѧ
֮ӾʹŴˡһͷѧѧȥˡ
Ŀǰѧ£ĸʽдǱҵĽĿء
ﵱȻô˵˵ͳӵ˷̨Ժѧȥˣѧ֮Уʦ̵ͬѧ֮вſ
ΪëҲë˵ҳˣǲʲô⣬ɼŹʸ£ëȻ᲻İҵġ
žظҪҪͰͳӸͻھɴ˻ȥˣҲһ°ɣ˾ͿԽӻˣ
˴ϲʵڲôáΪ͵ĳˡ
Ҫˣ֮ˡ
ֻҪžа
Ǹ˲ܼţȥǰһޣȥ̫̫˽ӻ¡
ҪʣʱӻвУ
̫̫Ҳǳ˾֮֮ҵʱϱˡ
Ȼ֮ѾˣǺҵĴá
͵ĳ治ٳˡ
̫̫˽ӻıʵȫ
ҲܽӻɽӻҪأҲ䲻һˡ
ȥڷ̨Űɡȼﰲȫöࡣ̫̫ҾǸѧǲȫ취͵ȥǰֹߡ
ǵȻô룬ȥš
̫̫⼾ҵĶˣʲôҪǲ鷳Ļ㶼Ӧ˰ɡǷ̨ˣҵ޺
ǵͷ
̫̫Ƕʲôͻֻ˵ҪĹͷ˵һӣȫˣ̫̫
˵ʱһȥ
ֻҪﻹڣһھС
̨ϲһСŮӣҵͳ⣬վҲá̫̫
˵˵ǡǺӹȵݴⰲֹȹ֮ƴӡ
Ȼôѷ̨øأڸȥȴȥ̨ʲô


728 
̨
ϽһƬ𣿡
ëѵͷһҴ档
Ⱦ޴ľ, ử˷ǳ򵥵ĵͼڵͼȫǱǵ֬㡣
ڻû취, ȷĵͼõһ򵥣ɽҪ󻭳ɽ룬ӲҪ󻭳ֻۡǻ־ˡ
ǳϡ
ڸǻմ, մ൱üˡ
ԽΪߣϽĴСǳػ򱻶ļˡ
ɲǺںžеġ
Ҫˣֹ׳ҵҲҪһȥΪʣ߾Ƿһˡ
ǻҪǮǮֹͭǮԴָΪǷǳҪĲ
³ֺϲһ˺ܳʱġǮ
ͬ򱻶ıҪѳӦԼҲ
ɽϾǸˡǼҲӡ
Ǿ;ټǱˡ
ӵĲֹɽϣʱ, ֹ˲ʾõ, ̨ҲͻȻ˺ܶġ񡱡
Щ, гѵʱ򲻵ûж˺Ů˺ū澶úõĴš
Ժ, ʱڳⰲңȻְ취굽
̨µĴСҶࡰѡ
ѧͽ˵ĻҲ˺ܶͻȻǽġѧͽ
ĺܶʵΪЩû취׼ģ³ʱǿ⼸ѸټԼİף׳ϾҪȡµݾֻܷĹˡ
̨µʧ൱, ʵǸѧ̵Ĵ, ʱ, Ǿ˲ſ⡣
԰ǿһѧǸȫѡγ˲ţɽԼǽڣϸĽ̵ٽЩ˲³ڴÿһ䡣
ʧȥǲǲϧġ
ֻֻ֪ҪҲбЩճλӡ
һصһȫˣȫǲòĻģ
һҪԴ䡣
һˣ
ڽѧѡγ˲ʵ൱ªͨѡΣõȫǵͼҲ˵ҪкܺõĲѧֻҪɼ򵥵ĹͿˡ
ܻߡְɵҵˣȫۡ
߼˲͵òˡȫҵĸС
ɱȡѡ³ôɹüΡ
뻻õİ취ɱҲǹԹµ
Ѽţ¸ĵġ
ĿǰʱΪʮ׵ķΡ
Ȼ֮ǰѾе㷨εͷˡ
ǶʶĿʼƾȨˡ
Ҫλͱ¶ľȨҪѹƴǵԺȨҪζһεֻҲΡ
Ϊλı׶ˣŻ̲ôġ³ɡȫдСյġ
֮£ܵ˺ľСաǻȫĽߣ֮ڣǾͲ㷸ڡ
ȨɱٴӲרɱտ
Щǿɱġ
վͲ־ǣҲҶŰա
̫ңҪȥǣҪȥǡҺ;һ˭ȭͷ˭÷ȥԼǰΡֻҪ֤Լȭͷˡ
ܱ֤Լһܱ֤ĵڶɵȫƾˡ
ɹĻƶȲܹϣȥ
ɹǾǸĶ罫ٴս֮С
ôӵһбҾټϵ˲ѡƶȵ㡣
仰˵ҪҵֻĻˡ
Ҫ֤˵ĹӦԴԴġ
Щ̨ġҪͷҪӳ⼷ڡ
͸ᣡ
һιԸ˸Ƚеԡ
ë˵̫ˡ
ʹ˵Ǿͽеԣ˼飬ڵ￼ԡ
һοҲǳġˡ
ĳһգꡢëѡ׸硢ӭࡢ㡢󡢽աӵˡԼͬĴԼټ˲ˡ
̫ˡ
ֹô࣬ͳ⿼һޣźԲְ
˽Ե
һȺһſô£ȫ־ĴӦˣ
Ͷ¹涨
һƹÿ˳һ⣻
ڶ߲ܴټ˳⡣
Ļ϶ǿԣûбԡʡھһˡòõģ֤ͥ
ȻҲƫ
زſһϵõӾԼҲ飬һ
³һϵƫ͹⡪Ӧѧϵڶûϵһ
زſĶһ֣Ļǹʽдд÷ǳ
ǵȱҲԣôġӡ
˵һϲͨͨĶеģձһһͿʼҫԼҵĲ顣
Ƕȥʮ˸УѾǿõˡ
е㻳ɻƹ˲ǲǶۿۡ
ëѵɫֲǹġ
˲˳ȥʸλٵĿ
ǵĿǸһ̨ټĶȱһʵüֵ³Ķ
Լ˵ˣ³ܹ֮֮
Ȼֻһ䣬Ҳ˵ص㡣
Ϊ³ΪʲôôأΪǶ³ˣͱӰˣ
Щڷ̨ٹҲ
ëҲΪЩ˲ǲãֻҪһЩĥ
˳ˮ۵İ˶ˡεԵʽʹʵ塣
ȵڶΡεԶھ֮󣬲˸ܵڲͬĸı䡣
˹ϳû߳Զͣˡڳ˵ˣ
ǽȥԵˡ
̾˿ƿ˵̸˵վͷ³óˡ
ǵ·ߵҲ׷ȥʣֻңң˸
صƼң˵ԼĶӡӡֶ
ϴ֮ѾվһȺˡ
ȫڵȽԵϢ
ξټ˲ž͹ȻѻƼӵܸЮȥˡ
ֻ־塣
̾˿˽нǽԸоΣ
ʵ˵ֻЩӵɫ֪Ǿý൱ǡϲ
ǰҲиʵۣչʾŻ󱻻ʵۿá
ʱȻǾ壬ȴȻԼƼңʵǿ϶ġ
ֻҪֵʵ⡣
ԣĲŻҪֻҪǲѧ֮ʵĲѧͺϵ·һװΡ
ҪϺͼ壬ԼǷܴĦʵ۵뷨
úܺã˻ʵߡ緢Ļ꣬Ӧƹ
ĵԲͬ
֮˵ļǵĲѧ
Ƕ˶飬֪ôµĵʡ
ܴӶѧʲôֻʲô
μӺܶι£֪·
ĿԾȻǿ
һϣ׸ëȻ⣬ҲϹ⡣
׸˰һ飬ڶܽеҪ㡣
ֻһ
һ˻Ҫ
ǰ׸ǱעЩصĵλá
󲿷˶
Ȿһͷ⡪˵ġ
׹˵ʲô˼
³˶ԴҲ죬֪ЩҶסǳػλãɽǺӣǸǰһȵȡ
ұϤģⶼǴСеĶ
浱ֽǣǻͼעλõʱǾͶɵˡ
³ĲڵһʱȴרǵĴ𰸡ڵڶʱܻࡣ
ǴģҲֻǴ˵ƻλãŵĹϵǶԵġ
ƼӵҲһ
ھһεԺûвûԹޣȴԾ㡣
ʱ׷ǰʹڡ⡣
ҵѧղƼߣ
ҵѧһΣ
αزƼˣ
Ĭã̾ͷȥɡ


729 Ů
̨µ糿رֵġ
С̷첻ͳţŵӻŰ⡣
ͨն첻Ҫ𴲸ɻġ
о컹ž˯, ĳ, ȥ, ֻ
ֻʮһ, ˲, Сӡ
żʹӱӸ̨Ѿˣ³УҿԺ, г˸СԺӣÿȥ̨ԱߵѧϿΡ
̨ôһ
ϴ˰, ܼŻ˸һ, ȫǳʳ߲˵
С, ʮ۰æˣԷɣģأ
һΪûһŮ, ȫ׳ӣʵڿźܲӡ
˵, Ǯⷿӣ
ֻܼǷּҳġоǸС, ʣµվ̺žˡ
û˻, ЩÿԵ, оȴǸûŵС, ·ϳԸУסˣԸ
ҺסĵطСÿԵģЩ򵥵³ʳˣζҲסڸ𣬶ڽųԣԼҿʡЩ
廹ҪҪỤ̊оܾˡڼѾҪȢˣŮʮİǾͽţû˼ȻҪŮ
Ц˵ͺˡ
о³ԷһԶڱӵĸĸ׵ˣͶ˵дŻȥ
ҳôˣҲû͸Ϣоͷ
һʼƾһüֻһûݳȥû취ｻøʧŴúõĵȥٸ硣
ҳѧһѧһ£Žţ˭֪ѧˣдһˣٵݸֹҪ೤ʱ䣿
뻹Ӧøϵһ£ü˵ġ
Ȼô˵Ҿ˻ȥ
Ȼʹ󣬵ԺΪоʹӲżӣ֮о֮ǰϸϵҲֻȰһξͲٿˡо˵ҪϵҲϴӦٶ˵ʲô
оһʱдţдԾǫ̀£һ޳ɡ֮ǰԲڴӸԼûá
סӦܾɳġԲŻͳס
ֻϣҪøʧ
оù緹ϼĳȥѧ˷ӣȴһɶͨһС֮ӡ
Ҷڷ̨ҵѼپӣ뵱Ҳȥѧ鿼ԣѾټ졣
оȴװСң֪Ǳϡ
Ұʱᷴԣȡǳʱӡ
һ·߹ȥԽԽ٣ֱһ·ϵˡ·ԽԽԺǽԽԽߣԽԽҲԽԽСͯ¡
żܿ·ԺǽĻ֦ʯ񣬻ƬƬлڵϣһȤ
ǰ׳ķ̨̨ǰʮ¥ŶӰ˵ǰֹڸ̨ڳ
˵ֹΥ˵֡
оߵ̲סƿȥŰֹģ
֮ǰû֣Ժ˶˵
׳ʲôأ
ѧʵһǳտԺӣֻмŷôҷЪţƽʱҶ顢д־ͥԺҰ֮һ¶ϯضϥϷ飬鰸ÿһ˶С
оûѧﾹȻӶûСǺ¶飬ֶҲֻܷڻůů
ȴޣҲұԹΪĻ֤£ѧɲĶأŽвΪء
ѵֻůаϯܶ
Ȼǣ
˭ô˵˭Ͳ飡
оȻͲ˵Ӽˡ
ѧǰž泳ֵƽʱǲ˹ⳳֵġ
ڿĻᣡ
о̾ͽȥˣԶԶľͿΧһȺ˵µееȴ⡣
ȥǸվŵ˵ġ
֪Լ⣬ֻȰĿѰԱߵǴġ
˼˵㲻֪챻ȥˣ˻ƹëҲ˽ȥǾͱһ˿ˮĽˣŹأ
Ե⵱ȥˡ罪ԤϵģԲû̫˵ע⣬еҶΪסôһ£һõľټ˵Ĵᡣ
ÿ˶Լõ˴ȥŻʵۡ棬װģıһðѹְַȥ
ûΪ⡣
Ŀ׼˻ëѡǶΪǴǵļƻֹⳡƻڱƭǸ
찡ԼҵĵӶ֡ķʽټʵ۵
ֹ϶Ȼʵ۸һ㡣
ûĸðʳ³ڵľġ
ûԡǰֹҲҪµ١ܳˡ
ȫȥƼҡëԼˡ
ǰëǲϼ˵ģǿϿˣ
ǴЩ˻Ҫ³
ԼԳӴǰӡ
Ǵţȷʵǰÿˡ޴ĿԺٸǵˡ
ëҲûǰŲɣָˡ罻ʼ򿪼ĴţٻرĿˣԼҵҲԳˡ
ǰ׸绹ڷ̨ϻҡ
ûȥһϵ³һϵġѾԽԽˡ
浶ǹĵزȷʵ߱ݷ
³һϵĴ³ʿ֮⣬кܶҲǴˡֻͨĸƲңҲôڳ˼ûʶˡ
߲ëҵĴţֻȥûŻ֮ҡ
ö֮³һϵˡšơ
ƤѾ൱ˣں
̨ϣ빨˵ԵѾƹǵľˡ
Ц˵ǴˣӦõġ
ü΢΢̾˿ڼȻѾ˷ͷӦþĽĽֶξ൱ֱˡ
ֻմҪᡢͻЩġ
ҹʼơ
߽ңʡ
һ£漴׹ļˡһļ֡
ɹѾǰɵʱˣʼѧѰİ취Ϊֻһ·ߡֶκãȴҲܳá
ȻǾͳɱˡ
ǰɵ̾ҲֻΪѰһ·ѡ
üΪҡ
š
Ȱô֪һ䲻ֹһˣĶߣҲֻһ꣬ݵС˼Ŷԡ
˼죬Ի˵ľٶӶ
ܱ֤ԼԶǶԵġԼ׼һߡδزá
ĿǰҪ£κֹ
һС磬˻ëǰ
Լϯ󣬷־Ȼûˡֻйˡ
ëѶһۣ
ȴ
ϯ֡
رֺò
ë˵ǳ˸ʫ
֣ϾƲˡףƣλͬ
Ȼ󿴵ֶë촽ȻȻưѾƺԺȫһ̹Ȼ
Ϊھ¶ˡ

ϲˡ
˺ûԣ˵δ֮£δ֮֡λһ֮
˶ˡơˣȻҲ˵ʵˡ
죬̾鳤ʮ꣬Ů¡
õ˼ǺԵġ
Ҳû˵˽첻֮ţСܳ£±ȻΪ֮𶯡üëһţֻ¡ܲݵ¹
ܵǻ
겻ɽܵǻȡ
ëҲˡơ
Ҳ̫ˣֱӶԻ˵ģڳĵˡ򽪼ȹ֮γɣֻûǹĵˡ
ܴȫˣվ˭ܴù
Խ˵Դĸ縸
ʼáơȤˣ֪˷ûȶƺǸʲôӦ
ɫұƹ֮£
ëѸһ㣬ֻԸսһ·
΢ЦֻҪλԸңȻһк˵
˵ˣóԷˡ
ˡơ˳Բ£ʹơȫ¸ҵĻؼȥˡǲҵ״¶档
ʮֵĺ棡
ϧ굽ȥ
ֻð׸ͷӭһˡ
ǣëѶΪˡơȻ޴ҺΪ̹
Ķ˳£ǰȥ̽

Ͼֻᣬȥ֮ǧҪ˵ƴ£ë߲ѣպ󵹲üˡ
׸Ⱦ壬²ȥˣ
͸ëѻؼ֮ԡټ棬ٰѼ˶йһȻһҹ飬ȥ˵˲ٻ
ֱϡ
ǡ׹Լˡ
׸Ҳﲻסˣٴμѯʡëɰãʱ¶ڣëЬëҡ
ӭ൹ȫȫβĻˣͦȻ˵ƹ˰ԼﱧС檿һͨҲûʲô¡
ΪһֱҪƹǾڻƹǰվһƹСʮֵᡣ
˵˻ëѣɫ糣
ûסЦ̾ëѵ£
ëҲЩԵϡ
Ц˵ŮӰ
ѵ˵˾䣺һŮӣ


730 һǳ˵
ëѵġҲúܿ졣ܿᵽ˵һʵ۱˴ͷ˿޵źʲôо
ֻҪһ˵˵ķʽһһġľ͸ôһɡΪáѭѭյʦ
㻹˵ԣ
нЦá
˵ԼŮ, лҪ˵, ȻѰŮ, ͲҪŮ֮ΪˡοŮҲŮӵ̬ɡ, Ѽ, Լôһֵֻϲһġ
ȻͷͿʼôŮӵˣ
ġϵʱ, ϯȫǳӣҲͨˡƵֶĳһӵ׽
Ȼһ׷ԲԵͷ״ۣɷϵǡǵһ֮ꡣ
ǡ֮ˣҲٲҴˡ
ëѿҪȫĻս, Ŀڵ
ݺ֮Ҳ档
Ҳ̹׸, ȷʵǴ㱣һ֡ΪǱ󱻽һ, ߹롣
ǱɵĻ, Ϊǿ, Ц
Ϊȫվ߰֡, պ֮Ҳֳֻƿ졣
˵Ȼ䵽ء
Ҳ̹, ʵһǳ˵ˡ
꣺
ëѣ
׸磺
㣺
ûɵˣȫɱ˭ɻأ
ͷ˵е
׸磺
ëѺͻһ
˵, ҪɵȫǷ, ˳, ǲɵġ
ԻƹӦþȰһЩ˳
ǽߣ
꣺
˴ӹ뿪һ·̾˹ţסëѣһ̡
ëѾԼҵĳ˻Ƽҵĳ
˳Ϳˣ˱
һصǲӵȰ棬ϲһСҲóֱ汩Ļʵ۲ȰǲҪòȥһԻʵ۵ľĵġ
ñ˵Ĳȥԡ
ǵĳڷֻʵͷʱԼˡ
ëѵͷҲͷˡʵ칫Ҳ緢˰Ȼ칫Ϊʲô͹˳ڹأ
ٻ칫˳Ļᡣ绨ǧ涼ûˡ
Ȼǳģɽûʱʮ궼ûһسͷ档
칫ֵֹ֮вŮתӪͶ£ʹ
Ҳǵ칫ļãȻ۹⣬ʱǾֲ˹ġ
ëԼЩ˵ġҪǧһʲô֪Ͷ޴ˣھȪ֮Ҳѱˡ
ǰ²ס
ȻѾˣҪ˵͸ŮֻҪˣҪҳɷһôοԼ
ëѾ˵Ըʾ֮٣Ҳܳһˡ
԰տ൱õġ
꿴֮ͬʣֻܡ飬Ტۣ
ղȥܣȻͻᷱϢһ㶼ѣֻҪ˰һ㣬һ㣬Ҫ֣վͻˡ
һҪǰ겻ɳɣοڴңһûмʷеȴҪã
ǧ겻ңΪ˳һҪ
ⲻϧ
⵱Ȼǿϧġ
ۣҲѹ
ëԼдЩ֮ˡ
ɱǴĿϧвһ
ëѿŻ꣬ƽ˵ܻݵܶҡͳεˡ
µǿԹǻǵ
ԣԷŹЩ˵ҲҪȥǵĹǱúвС
Ȼյ̨еĽαأ
ëѲ˵ľ¡ȻţȴѾǹ֮ˡ
ȻΣëѸ˳
ëѳŽűȥĻƹˣĳЬȥƼ˾ͰѳԯϷŵëѵЬӵԶԶġ
ëֻȥ
꣬·߲ɾŵףЬϡҽû˿
һתͷԶͣһܳ
ëѣ
ӭӳ̽ͷʲôûƵģһ̰ɣ
ëѴ˳
ӭʲôҲû˵˿䣬ֱͣëҴſڡ
ë˳ӭȥ
ӭࣺð˵žͽˡ
ëѣ
ëѸںȥ
˾ҪдǴ乫ӣһͬѥ֮ꡣ
ëѽӭ뵽ƽʱӵĵطȻĶӺ͵Ӷй
һţǰѷӭ˵㡰Ļͷˡ
Ϻꡣ
ӭվЦеģʱͰǰ۷ˡʫ뱲ӣ¶һܰ˸ס
Ϊ˶Ӷࡣ
ĲҲĶࡣ
ëѷмСѾðˣ΢΢һЦڵ˵һĿ
ֻһ仰е˶ˣ
СĶ̲סʣףֳ˺⣿
׿˵
ӭ൹ʧ䣬ҲܺʣëҪҵȵθڣٵ
ǳԵͼ
ʵûһرȷĵͼϾʵûˡ
вؾһͼҲһʮʷˡ
ʮʵ۴̶һһʮĵͼ
Ϊʲô֪µͼأ
˼⣡Ⱥʵۣ¶׼õ
һʮ䣬ˮ̫仯ǳҲͻȻط⸱ͼ»Ҳࣿ
ǻʵǵ뷨ɡ
øһĵͼ
ͳģע⵽֧ݵıʱ˵Ҳܹء
˳ȥ̽ˡ
̣ͱϤ͡Ȼô֪δʺϷδõأ
ϧڴˣֻǲڶʱȫѵ͸ġ
ﵹԼصĵͼ
Ҳһٶǰģ
͵ĻҲͣƵͼΡ
ЩԶԶ
øȷĵͼʵһݾ
ǾǸ֮ӡǿ϶֪صĵ͡
ǻ֪δӲδδƵͣδƸߣδ֣δк
ǻ֪ǲǻ꣬᲻Ұ䡣
ǻ֪ж೤ʱ໹ʱࡣ
ЩǶΪӴ˵أÿ괺춼ȥͬһط棬ÿȥͬһƬɽִԡ֪һо˽Լļҡ
װ׵ĶԷ̨ĸ˵֪Ǳص򡢵ơ˿ڵȡ
˵ˣֻҪ̫ɵʲô
ֻƸȦӡ
ǳϲһ⣺Ǹһ飬˻Բͼ
Բͼ˼飬һԲΡԲλΪȻԲȦҪݡ
ǣԲϢ
еϢҳʿǴҳʲôĹϢǲʵġ
⿼ľʿǶľ̶ȡȫû飬ô̵ʱأ
ɲأ
óǹвؾص͵ȡ
ΪˡܡԵֻǸÿ͵ĹƷ£漰»ܡ
ؾ˳ȡ
ܿ˷֡סĽݾˣҵ֪ĳǳأɴ
ڱ˴ֳ󣬽Цˡ


731 Ұ
оվһ, ǰΰĹ
һѧ˸Źȥμӡԡ, ѧ˶֪ĿҲ׷
ĿƼ򵥣ʵණ, ԽԽԡ
˭ñȱ˸ʡ
˿ϧԼȥԡ
ȹ˹ʱͱЩ˸Χסˣ׷׶Ҫȥμӡԡ
, ǳ, ԸǲμӡԡҪѧ￼һ, úõĲȥ̨
оҲμѧĿ, ˲μӡԡʸ
ȥۿһֹ
û֮ǰ, ͱӵ˶ΪֹҪֻһеŮ, лʵĻҲֻǵڶɵҵ֪ʵ۸ڷ̨֮, ǾΪֹֻǷ̨͵̨ϵһܡһӵܶҲֻȥһϾŮˡ
ķ̨˿
о֮ǰҲąֺ߽̇̄, ÿκһϵ˵ļ, ˵ԱϣȻͻڶԷ𾴵е˵ҶԻʵ۵Ĺ뵣ǡ
ֻԼʱΪ̫С, Ʋ, ûа취ֳϵ硣
Ͼս
̨Ӧøϼν
һƪģ㵱жء
̨߽, ڼ͵µ¶ˮһʧˡ
Сκһ, ԼǰԴ
ڷ̨Щ, ԰ֹĺġ
׺Ӱ
̨
ǰǼٷݵġԲͼЩǾɸõģµľǺдһˡ
ѼϢԴңŶȲߣôڷǳױ˷ҷܹ㡣
˵̨ʲôˣЩԲͼпǵĴ
Ҳڴʱ˵пܳɹİ취ˡ
Ȼɿŵ߱
ֽ׶ǲܵġ
һȤܿҵһݺģͷһۣǻúܺÿġ
֡ҲҪѡʱ滭ҲһܿɿɸѡϾ鶼ѧİѻĥܼˣⲻǮܰ쵽ġ
ҲǸеˣҪǮС
һԲͼǳũԲдǡǡǡ
ǲաŲϰǣǳָա
ܶҵӳʱϰߣһΪ˰ȫһǫˣϽ
ҲңֻǸСϺס
дԼʱô㡣
ö֮˶֪ǴָˣֱԳơǡˡ
ӵȻСʶǴǽġԽŵԽԽԽ
涼ˣҲԼ䵽һĵزԴ⻷汻ˣҲῳϡ
СôǵġȷʵƵĹ
˵һˣĳżеƳһͷţţһ͸ţһСľɽҰײֵľӡ
һҰ׼ʱ˵ļ;ͱ
ָĵջȥˡ
˵ֱһرͷĽÿһˣ˶Ҫһ¡ű˴ΰɣڵ߶սĽǰˡ
ȹҳսȻһԡ£ԳӪˣݼ
˻ؼңǸʾ˼ȥˡ
Ǹ֮˱ˣԼⶩص´
һʷʵ¡Ȼдȫͬˣٽǲŵġ
Ǹزˣţôأôųսأ
ȴһ൱Ĺ£ֵע⡣
˳ҲһҵжţȹţϹսµġ
Щʱ̨̻ܵвġ
ǶΪǵĻӲס
еԲͼӦ쳼ӵܻģΧƷǳǵĸֲ
ϲֵġ
һԲͼ˳
󲿷ֵԲͼǻĶΪƷһ㹱ľʳÿعģܲʳڹƷһֱǰ
ڶˡϸΪ׳ˡŮӡŮ
ȻһԲͼľ˿ڷֲˡһܳǡ
Բͼ˷ǳϸµĻ˴촺ͷ۵ˣܾ⻹ʿѵĵطȺӵĵط
˶һۿĶǾûҲνſôʡ
Խ˵û취ȥҪЩ˸
ԲͼûӵȳҪĵط
ǻ֪Ҫܡġ
໭¹ȿԴԵĵطܵϷˮ˴֡
ֱõòŸ߷ֵĴҲˡ
֮ϲ˰ЩԲͼеϢǰͼеϢбȶ֤
һġһԲͼ
ЦǱһĵճӣоġ
оסʱÿ춼ݷ˲ĵ֮֮ټϳˡ
оĺܡũﶼûֻ˺ɽ֡
ͼһգûа⡣
ӵǺܾ
ë˵ϾǳӡҼҹɭϣȻֻʮ꣬Ҳܶһˡ
ʣо֪׵Ѷ𣿡
ѾõϢˡ
ӦûûСϢϸȲϹ뽫İվоٻҪһʱ䡣жͿ˵Ƚжˡ
Ҷоʲô뷨˿ɲࡣ
պ
оմһĻϻصסķʱͿܼżȫͥԺֻΧһ鲼
оʱԴһɡ
͵֪ĸײţĸΪҵƭңʹҸܵС屻˹ڦ⣬֧
׵
оֻʮһ꣬Ϣǲţ֮ʲôû취룬Ҫؼȥ
ס˵ȥ·ϱ˺ˣҾûָˡ
ӣ̫̫ͶүȲڰֹߣȱ̬ƽϢ֮ٽȥ
оСܵĽǸ֮صˣڸţôܶأ
Ҫȥ
Լһ˸򲻹ôǿ׳˺ͻȰסֻܰȰ
ߺܿõϢ룬ЦСһ֮ɡ
оʲô취ҲûУֻ͸յĴжϵǰ컹Ǻҹ
ŷԼȻôܺûã
ǲܴӦΣӱܡڶˣԺôصȥأҪôˣ
죬͸Ĺ֪ǰˡ
ԺĻ߶ҲԺ˵żŵԺ󷹵ζ
ʱĴһ¡
о̶
лԺǹģ嶼ǴŽ
ӴĿ϶Ǽˣ
֮󣬱˿һ졣Сɣɣǲ㰡
оܾȣѧԺͬѧ
߹ȥô
ӷ϶￴Ȼǰ
ü첻˵ˣ̽㣬㡣˵ôˣ
оȻܸ߱ˡȰ뿪ͼѾ˴ˡ
ţͷ˵
оһ漴ܻرӣ
ȻܿͰѴ˿ˣоϵӽ⿪ȥ
˴Ӻ淭ǽ뿪һȻһֱûз֣
о󶼾ʵ̫ˣ
ҪؼңҼϲˣ
оȴҡҡͷߡ
һЩǮպ㡣о˵
ˬİѲϵժҲˣȥðɣ¾Ͳ˵ˣֵܣ
ֻӣǰо󿴵ֻǿͿû뵽յоЩˡ
олԲϸ߰Ҫȥ͸ˡ
嵽̨ʱ̶֪Ӵ·Ҫôرˣ
оʧ١˾ʧ룬һڳѰңһŷ̨ӵ·һ·ҹȥֱϻرҲûҵоټ
оʧٱһ£ٴѩϼ˪
ܵܲòΪоĶǻصص־档
һҵļ̾Դ˵Ұӡ
˿һۣû˵
պ󣬼ŶҸջ˶
û߳ʮǳˡ֡Ҽ׷ףҪץɱ
ǲִߡ


732 һ֤ԼĻ
, ҡ
ʰȥ̫̫ǡ
լ̾ڱӳλ, ΧһصĻ, Ǹʵĳǽ
ڵĻ̻, 澶ڽ˿ʼܡ
һ·ߵ̫̫ǰʱ, û
̾˿Ժ̨ëϼ, ǰ̫̫У
, űһʮС, ޵ۺף޴˵̫̫빫ӽȥ
̫̫ѵ֡ҵŮ춼ˣǵʹᣬҲ򶨵Ķ̫̫˵ģ
Žʱ, ЩµŮ˲Ŷ, Ҳ˱ܡ
žֻվ, ϯض˵˶֮, ұڴʱǣΡ̾˿, ҡҡͷ, һ񣺡̫̫, ˡҶˡ
նӾǺ˴ӵˣ
Ů˲䶼
һԵСҲ, Ϊ׵кĿ͸
ŵеڻѡڴӲź, ȹĶ˴ˣδ˸ԣխǳһṳ̋˽ȥǽ˵ݺӣʹڱţЩλǿģ
֮Сʧ٣Ϊݺӡ
ʹţҲﲻϷֺǶǶ䶼ᱻ֮
ŶԵӣеӣȥ£ϱȻͼ죬Ұġ̵һһٵ˵
Ů˼
ţڶҲܶȲܰѱرӣֻǰôžͻǰȡԵͷϣ
ŮǾһɪɪһţΧ̫̫Χ
ţû˶ӣλҲֻһȺ׵򡣡̾Ծڴˣλ˼
˵վˬˡߵʱǵӴк׷⣬ߵ͡
˳Ųʮͱˡ
һνң̫̫ż׾ָһ·
ʣϷˣ뱣ʲôҪңҲߣʵǵ֧ѵȺǰһת뱣סȫҵһߡ
̫̫òףӱԶߵѾʲôˣæԸһҴС
һĵˣҵһơϷ˲żŮСһͬȥ̨Ѱʵ۸״
̫̫ԾˣʵĿУⲻһ⡣
ʵԼˣ̨һĿճǡĵط˻סأ
һ֪̫̫ʲô˵ϷߵʱһҪģһҪˣżССȥ̨ˣ˵⺦ȥұ¡
̫̫׹
ԭǣϣ
ʵںӹȣҲܴȫȥӹ
ֻȥ̨Ϊ˼ʵۣΪáϱ֪
˵оҲӳ̨ʧ٣ȷʵһݵôرӣͲӰ֪ǲԼκβ̶ӳ˳ǡ
ڱӣĿԵСڼˤĴӣǸջؼҾͱӡ
ﶼȫˣ
ҪһȫڼǷǷǻЩȥ˵
ʱȫ㵽ǵͷϣҲܻ֤
̫̫ܿ¶˾ģĶʰֻţԵһû˵ٽ漾еɣһ˶ʮĳ˱ӡ
ŵһȺŮ˺ͺ·ϳ£Խ͵˹ǣž͹ָˡ
ȥ̨ˣλ·̾£Ѱλˡ
̫̫ãֻܷżȥʮλŮӵȫڵ뼾ȫݼţƴҲûãһĻܿͱǵʿӿ˳ȥ
ȼ뿪֮Ҳܿ챻ǵӭ˽ȥ
ӵܣҪа׸ʦүġΪ֣С͸׸ܣ˲򲻳ɽ
ԴȥӦǣеһЩӵܽˡ
˵ҵºӭ⡰ϡġ
¼һȺСӣҲɫͿİȥ뵽Լң˵һıʾԸ⻤ȥ̨¡
̫̫лףϾ˵칫ӣҲ÷˲١
ڵ˷̨õʵۣ̫̫ûϡ
ʵ۸ڷ̨
˺תͷͽˣȥ̨׸ţ͵Ҫȥˡ
ЦϾǳôҲҪƺһʦүֱɲá
׷˸ۣȲңҽʦүãүү£
Ϣշת͵ʱѾеһԱͽˡ
˵Ψһƾְ취ǴֲȻػʵۡ
ʤߵػرӣҡ
ȻҾҪһˡ
ӵźתëѣͳȥĵǺˣֶôȫͬë»е޵ġžȫıֶΡΪ˴Ŀģе㲻˼
ëѣذΪͼԴȻļЩ
ú⡣
ʵŵǺͨˡ˲²úãҲûʲô
ʸ־Ŵ£뷨̨ܵ˺ֹǧ
Ѽ£ǿҰġ
ͼųȥΪŲԼɱˡ
ľģټĳǸĻô᲻ɹأ
˵׸綼ȲϴʱļšѰ׸Ǹأֻɱһ£
룬û˵
׸
̵̨̫̫ʱ򣬹ǵڴСˡ
ȻĲǺû
˵Ǽսƻ߱ɱܡ
˵ʵҲףǰ˽ģв֮
ҲֻеĹߡҵȻҲǻˡ
̫̫Ժ󣬼æȫҹ򵽻ƼҵĴǰˡ
ƹֹ
ȻԲ̫̫ȫ˹̨ҡ
ƼңëѣңҲ˼˼˹
һȦ̫̫Ͳˡ
װ没ˡϾҲѾ˴£ܳŰʣµ˶Ѿˡ
һȦҲֻгûнˡ
ҵ̨Ժûҵ˼Ͷޣҹڹһȥһҵ;УԺȶǴӽġ
̫̫ܿڴҸ޺죬ʹˡ
ܿ죬סһƬҷ׷׳æľ鲼̫̫ᡣ
겻òȫӵȥˣٺ˺Լҵӿʼдм˵¡
ʱ˺Ļˡ
Ļ϶ʼеļˣžͰѼ˸ʡˣʼר
ڲ֪ҵĵʲôˣԿ϶еˡ˻ڿ϶Ϊܴռűˣ
ǰѰҺҶϳһ顣
˶ıǻˡ
Ȼǻˡ
ҲǺˣ
˵Ҫ˵˰ҲûǰѺӹȴվ֪ռ̣ռô񣬾ƣ
Ǻܺ
ĻµʱˡûٳѩƬĴ裬ܿ촫˳ȥ
ڽиŽ˵Ķɲٸˣ
Ϊ̨ϵ˶˵ǻأ
֤ԼǺˣ
ܼ򵥣ϴɾˣҲͱɺˡ


733 һ
ӹͳҰݡ
ʱֵʢģһȺݹ᾵, ʼݡ
°·, ·ѹʯͷ¡
ʮ, Ҳ֪ԼǲĽ, Ҳֲ塰ʮĸ֡һֱΪʯͷ˼, ֱץǰ˵, ĵʮӡ
һûס
ץߵʱ, ˵ץߺˡ
ǺӹˡǱˡߣսٺʱˣֱץߣ͵ӹˡ
ӹȲǱߣǱٲ, Щ̵ıûԵģʮܲˣڶǱˣôܲԵأ
ǰʱǵūģ˵ǹ, Ųǵ
ںӹȾͲһˡͱ, ˰Ӷϳ, ìˣȻֱϻ
˵, н, ˣ
Ȼ, ͱ鵽һȥˡ
ūЩ˶˵ģеûһֻۣеû֣еˣһһյġ
ǲ뵱ū׷׹˵ǻܴǣ
ûð˼ҲҪ˵ġ
ûЩūˣ˵Ƕȥǳǽˡ
ڻûء

ʮĵϵһֻӣ
Ǳֵء
ӹ˵ǰҲкܶ˶ûˣصȻҲûˣˡ
ӹûгԵģȫ˴˳ԵĽ˺ܺãӲˣֻҪˣɵĽǡ
ʮ˵ӵǱȥ˾ͻ͵͵˴ߡ
ʮӡ
ɱˣ
ӵһɱˣͷѳɽ·϶ˣһѣһѣѳһСС˲Ӭ
ʮһĲݣǻʯˣɵء۵ֱˣصӪ̾˵ϡ
ĶӶùУȫû
˵㶫أβݵʱҵҰ˲ǿȥˡ
Ķӡ춼Զˣͱˡ
ϡֵܷһĸɱɣ
ʱԶһ˵ĲҽС
ʮסһʯĴ
µĵطΧûˣҳͬѣ˯һ
ΧҲкüˡ
ɢøˣ͵ˣʮûǿ˴ҹ
ڶǹȻֵ˰ƴ󣬻Ŷǣù
ʮھȫˡ
ǽ첻ȥֵˣȥѵһվڸ̨ϣָô·ʮѧˣ塱ʱǰܾˡ
ߵʱһȺӬΧһط컹ûȺӬء
˭
˭ɵģ
ץҪͷģ
˼ʵ˿ڿˮ
ʮҲ̲ס˿ڿˮ
ҽо֪ˣ˱ץסˡ²ץס˭ɵľͻᱻͷɸϼͻ˲ˡ
û⣬˵⡣ҲûԹҰࡣ
ʮһڿˮ
ӹҾլйУĵǰˡ
ǲϣ
µǸͶʿӣʲôѾǵˡ
ɪɪ̧ͷ˵Ѿûˡ
ġڣ˱ػĺӹ֮⣬ʮǡ
ӹһֱʮ
Ҫˡ
ʮ뷴Χǣһĸץͷʣµ˾Ȧļһ㶼ҷˡ
ʮǲƼҴЩĴͲˣٱһѩϼ˪
Ǹķ˷Ƶ׷򣬾Ȼϻ˺ӹȡ
ڻʣ¶ٱ
ӹȻʡ¶ٱ
Դľȥ롣
֪ʿڶӣ֪ʳΪܰһиŤת
ȥһʼһֱʤģ
ʳԣ
̫࣡
Լ䵽·紦
ֻĴڣĴ
ʵûϹսûвμӹһսûд̡
Ѿˣûжеκһ¹֣֮󣬶ˣ˲ٴ򣬵ֻҪʤͲټˡ
Ҳдţ⣬ϣ߿ͣսϢֹꡣ
ԼңȻԵͷϣҶ˵ҹϮӪأɱ˰ʮˣ
⵱Ȼɵģ
ǰȥͣǶ⣬ûмӺ֮⣡
ϧӸյͱһԱСˣȥȫڵϣҲ˺ˡ
Ѿ͹һͷһֻͣˡ
Ϊ⣬Դˣʾûнս˵˼
ǱµҳҲǱµҳ
ԱСȻ׷˳׷ɱٸ˲ﳤȥ
ĳ裬ộԴ׷ȥҪȡС
ϡͿ־һ𣬴
Ҷеϳ£æ߹սơ˵峤ͲţҲȫҰףԱ˼
ûٴ˱ս
ۼȥ콫Ҫ١ոһ飬˳Ӧʱͣսٴ
ûͣ϶ã͵ĶͻȻԴӦս˱ܵʤʤģսˣʤܣһߡ
Ϊǻ֮ǰ˭֪ǾȻ׷׷˺ӹȣ֮
ѵ˵͵Ĳģ
ȥֻ뵽ϻʹȷʵǸ˲£ܵܡ
֮ͻڿǵյľȡ͵
ǡùɵøе²˳˵Ҳܾòˡ
ߣ֪ǲǸ乫Ի˹
һʱ˳̨Ǹ乫Ӹɱˣһʱǡ
ʱֽӵһϢʮѾˡ
칫˵ȥʱ̾һ
Ժߡ
ȥѾַҪǴˣֻҪ˹ںԺͲˡοڵĺӹȾһֻƼҵĿճǣ֮һ˶ûС
Ȼ칫ܵ
̾ѧֻѧƤë㲻񡣡
ӹҲ˺ã˲ûиӹȴʲôô෴ǵǰѺӹȵϢԴԴ˳ȥ
ࡰϸ
Щһð˺ӹȵĻ֮ΪǡӢһ˼Ҫɾһΰҵ
ǵĴĵԽԽˡ
칫ʱ̳ǿԳɹΪֺϡ
ԣûֺϣҲɹ
칫ҡҡͷ˵ˡӦǹûֺϣҲҵһֺϡ˽ǾûһʿȥֵأҲûһΪʳˣúӹվأ
ͳô죿ãȻĿ칫ԡ
ԺǵȥˣҲ֪ӹ
ˣˣ
ܾ죡
Զǧ֮⣬ֲֻ̣ƾѾˣ
ʱܳǻ٣ô죿
ǰȥ
ǻ
Ż̵칫ϣ˵һ䡰ᡱ
칫ѾӡڸѾɵӡӵܶ͵ӦǣӦѾ˹ˡ
ǻðɣ
Ӧû°ɣ
һɵ𣿡
ûеõش
ϣһ˶û˯ǸҲ˯š
ȵĳ
ˡ
칫ɫ΢䡣ȥأǰ󲻵죬˵ȥȥɱ
ȻϣǵһͶʳĹҲˡ
ɼһسȥ֡衱ˡ
칫룬˴һڣֻζ
ˡ
ǸӣǸɵӡ
һҹ֮¡¡ȴ뿪ʱ칫Ϳóһ
ΪҪ£Ҫ¡
ֻһ
ֻ
Ķһ졣
ԭֵĺӹȾͱˡ£Ҳ¡
ѡ˹
ԹնĲˣһˡ
ʤ
칫æȥš
ʽʤ㲻ű£ʲô
ʤлҴ칫
칫뾪ϲ˹ˣʤҡͷ⻰ǹһǰҵġ
ʱ
칫һʣҪô
ʤҪ칫Ƴӹȡ
˵Ǿںӹȵ
Ҫ档Ū˺ӹȡ
칫˼Ƭ̣ͷزС


734 
쳤
ëѾĵӻƽͼˡⶼҪ浵ڹ, ġ
Ѿ˾Ȩëѣڹе߶
ëѵġ÷̨ľͬһ˷ܼ, ë˲ͬǵͷˣϣˣ
ȵȡ
Ҳݡë, ȥ;ҵĽԽԽС
˵ëѣ˵žҸƲʲôˡ
Ȼ, ëҲһ, Իʲôѡõġ
ëѻͼҪежӦ, 仰˵л£ϵĳӦԤףк£ҲӦóر
֪Ǿôɵġ
ֲʷзǳʲôвӦ
ëѻдһȵġ
ϸ¼ǰĺ飬, Ѻ㵽ͷˡ
Ҳ˵ǳʵİĶͷ˾ˡ
ŻɲηǿȨ֤
˵Ϊʲô³ִأ
Ϊʵ޵¡
Ϊʲôô, սأ
Ϊʵûкúҡ
Ϊǰԭʵѷλ

ҿʵǸɵӻڷ̨ȻⱾȥ, ǾǲҪԴˡ
ëдƪֱɡº͹͸ġ
Ǹ࣬Ҳдһƪ, ڲ⡣
Ĳ⿴˾ûʵ۸λˡ
˵ëȻвҲְڡ֮, ܹ
˵ʵ޵, Ҳʵ, ȻѵҪ˵ٻǾͲ䵱Ļˣ
Ȼʹĳһࡣ
ȣɱǧ
ͷӻԼ˵ġǧҽڿˣ϶еҶץҪǧ
Цˣָͽ俴ǽô¡
ü˲ѱ
ξʱɲΥôɣͱˡ
Ҳû겻á
ԼǧһİҲᵣԣһͻǧһ³
ԸĻҲܲηˡ
ҪԼ븻Ҫȫ븻󣬻Ҫͬһײ˵档
֪ôëһΪ˱ҵһԸʵ֤ǵľġ
ôɣǲҪԼ֮ˡ
ͽдǻʵ۵Ĺʧ
ĲֹһǧȻسҪڻʵ۵ͷϡ
ʵܰ
Żһת˵ʵʵҲܹ
֮ԭģпԵġ
ǡ¡֪֪ʶ޷
һˣû취£ûио۶ڱǶûоʶûУûʶʲôҲ֪ʲô߰ĺ
һˣʵۣ·ǣͷ񣬵µһ֮ˣ̫Ϊˡ
ű̾ʵˣ˶ÿ޵°
Ѿҹˡ
Ȼûдʵɵӣ˭
ʵɵӡ
ɵܵʵ
Ȼܡ
ë˵ǶԵģʵȷʵѷλ
겻ֹԼڣҵ˶ˡ
Ƽÿ춼ٿ߰˳ĻᣬջƵıһǲջƵĵӶûšۼˣƼҴڱ³˰Χķ̨ӵһЩȫС
ڻ걾˿˵ʵ۸ѷλµͽͽǶźǣʵ۸ѷλˣ
ʱ̨˶ʼۻʵΪʲôѷλôѷλ⡣
ʣ°̨ڰ׸쵼Ҳʼ۴¡
׸λԺû칫ӵ˵һ仰ͻȻ֣һǿ
칫֮Ļᡪ˲͵ȥ
ҼſڿĻᣬ˾ǰ̨ϡ
Сû취
׸Żİȿ°գ޵øγϣ๲
ʵۣôǸɵأ
һʹĵ顣
û˵ģôޣͰʲô¶ˡ
ͷϸʮǰʲôĵ£궼ͷϡ
ϴˣˣˮˣɺˣгˣ߲ˡ
ǻʵ۵Ĵ
ͦĻ칫ڵʱļ׮Щ˹Ҳûһ顣Ҳȫͷˡ
˭лʵɵأ
ʵɵӣµĳӰ¶к칫˶ú칫Ӧúɵӻʵ۰
굹ùͦģһҶˣ׹ʾʲôģҲвٶȫҵùһڶû¡
ȫѪᡣ
˭ͷأ
ɵӻʵۣ
ǰû˰ڻʵͷϡֳ칫ֻʵۡ
ڴҷ·𶼽˽Żʵ۴ӱ
һӾҳɽ纣״ʵѷλˡ
żȻһ֮˷ʵѷλԣ˭ʵأ
֮ܿûԻʵ۵ıԹ֮С
³˶ûгⳡԻʵ۵սһֱԹۡ
ﵽ
ش֮ʱӹˡ
ȥ쵽ڣΪ׵һֱΧӹȣʱʱϮš
غӹȣΪ˱֤ıгǳأɱ
ʮ޿֮࣬ӹ֣֮Ӧϣɱ
ϵȣ֮ǰȶ֣Χӳ˺ӹȡ
׷󣬲ϷŹ
벻ͨǣûĵطܣ̨
ǧҰ˼
ǧɢɻϢ
ûЬȴнû·ȴټס
ǲˡ
վڸߴǰ滹ʲô֪з̨̨аֹ
칫˵Σߣ
ߣʳѾˣֻʣԼǧһֱױ벻ͨŵһӹȣʮǣôأ
бмϸ
Щ˱вϷڱ
칫Ψһܾȴֻйˣ
ԴƺֻҪ㵽ȥһܱ
ȴԥ಻乫òһңɻʧ
ڻܻùķ
칫ѵҲŲ𣿡
ôأ
ô
ӭȢֻҪľģͻҲͲٺʲô乫ˣ
ɱ˳תǡ
칫ͻʵۣ˶֪ʵǸɵӣһˣĻ
칫Ȱʵնǰһ£֪֪˾ˡڼȻ˶֪ˣʵҲһЦ
һơͽʵ£ʵȥɣɵӻʵ۷˰뱲ӣҲֵȥˣԸŸɵӻʵۻбİ취Ը
ҲýõĻʵĽŲáЩ죬ҪζԻʵ۰ɡ
ҪߵʱȴĴҲ칫ˣŭڣ
ûʱˣֻҴҴҷһѻ𣬴ˡ
ڣֻҪ˷̨ûˣ
ʿǶ
һϷɣ׷ں档
֪ļƻڼȻˣͲܵ
ǰǹˣܷǣҪڳͽ
ĩ۶ʮһ괺ϴŮʮʮ¹㡣ӡ


735 Ӣۺڣ
뻨ʬǰ˭ʬȥ칦
ǲµûв, Ȼڹأû׷Ǿǻһˡ
ǻӮˡ
˵Ұߺȥ빦Ȼٰ˶۵һ, Ϯ, Ӧ, ô
ҡͷʣµľ֮ˡȫɱ, ǻô򣿡
׶񼴳, ʣµľ͸ڶˡ
Ȼ˭ȥ̨͡أ
ǻʬ״, Ĵɨս, £ӱصӹʱ, ӹѾŴ󿪡
ǵһӹȵˣйѾһѻ, ȥʱûչ, ɳһŮ, ʲôҲûšץס, ˵֮ǰѳɱˡ
ʵۣ֪˭ǻʵۡ
ɵӣûɵӡ
칫˵һة࣬סں档
ǵһ, ޹ǷһȥѰʬ, ȥ칫
칫û, ʬҲûҵ, ֻһ̲Ѫͼ̵澡
̳˵, ȷʵǴɱȻˡԺһˡ
۾һ

ƺϰˣһ·Ķͨˣûмһˡ
˱ضǴӷ̨ģ
ץȫˣһʣ
ҵˡʵۡľס
Ȼһ෿
ǽߣССԺûлľֻʵĵ档
˶ࡣ
֮ǰûʱɱ̫ˣ˳֮⣬ֻ·ɱ˼ǲСĿߵˡ
ȴÿ䶼ˣȫһ
Щ˵ĴŴ磬ӦöǴۡ
˶ɱˡ
˴Żʵˣ
˴ţȴһ취ûУ
֮ǰǱ˽
ӦߵˣưܲŴ˻ʵۣ
ûץûСȡʵ칫
̣ᣬҪѪ
Ĵ˼Ҳ֪һǰ״ˣҲˣҲû洦
ȰǸϽȥʮǵˣðǸҪһô
ϾʮǵҿǸ˺ܶవʾ˵ԸӦϡ
ҲȷһֱڰиϢѾ֧ŲסˣûʳˣıҲ̫ࡣ
ǵӪлʹߡЩõôǺ׵ġ
ȴͷ
෴ȥЩҪǮҪ˾쳷ӹȡ
ļҽ˼⣬ѸٽɢڳɱĶȫ£Ȼ֮ǰ˺ӹȡ
뿪ǰٴδ
ӻʵеõʱǷǳ˵ġ
Ҳ벻͸ΪʲôôͰˡø졣
£Щİ
ɱţƼˡȻӣָʮǵӵܷ١
ȻûܵõģֻܻĴӡߡ
ڷ̨ʱץסʵ۵Ķ̴ץסҪõռһб˵ȫͬ
һô˾޴أ
ɾ벻͸ΪʲôʧܵģҲ벻͸Ϊʲôġ
ҪصӣȥշҵһУ
ӡ
ȫҡӡ֮󣬱ӵĴСһһӡ
ܿ죬һЩˡ
ÿ춼ܿӱ뿪ĳ಻ϵĶ뿪ӣ뿪
ߵĺܼʱΪ̫̫Ϊ˸״˷̨ƹΪ壬ϱֹĻʴȣ˵ܡҼҵ
̫̫ǰһ״ʵ˴Ŀġ̫̫û˵嵽˭¡
ֹҲ֪
ֻ룬պҵˡ֡ҼҵѾʱˣǸöϧ
ʱҹţպȻԭ
ҵļҴǹӵбڵпɽɭֻ֣ڱӿұʯľ
һӵбɵ
ĳɲҹϷ֡
ͶԱӵӡܺˡһҶĵطͷˣʣµСϺһͷλöҪͷˡ
ʱһǿȥ׾ȡǵġΡЭ
Ҳҵô㣬Ȼûзأʵҵ˽
ҵθе̫ˣҪǵһ˳⣬ʣµֻܿԣö֮ЩҲ볢һζ
ʵ´һͷˣ췴ˡ
ֻĿʼ
ʵ۶Ա۸ԱƭԱƷ
Լͷϵ˵ȻҲ԰
ԼҲʼ췴ǵµҵķ͸ûѹˡ
ǰҸߺʣµȴû취ձӡԼҪΪηߴܡ
ʱҪһ˵ȥһӡ˵ľӹȥһʧˡ
˵ҪܰҸ͵øңǱҡҲġ
ȰЩɽ֣ͼֽ͹
ǣëѽһ˵ģýһ⡱õġ
һһȥӡ
Ӧúܿ죬ëѵƼٵıԹ䣬˵ʲôһţΪжƫ
Ȼӹѡ
ѡһòºĵģ˵ëѵĴӡǰëѵͬëһ͸Ļͥ°ëңëΪʦˡ
ëѵҵĴˣֻӡ
˾ǰˣëҲ⡣
˾ͽӵս䲿Ա²ӱץٹʮµľץɾˡѾ˷ߣ֤κһӱ빫Ϊ
ڻʵ൱ˡģԴû񫣬ܸ߹ٺĹӣԸһһǹġ
仰˵ûɱģȽʺϵ
һǲýսˣҲ࿴ͻĵԺôǵλá
ʣˣǻ𣿡̫ˡ
ЦǸҪˡô˵˭ǿ˭أ
˭ǿ˭˭ϴأ
һʺͿˡǰѾǱƳ˺ӹȣ׷ɱȴǻģҡҳ
˶ܷڡ
ǰɣҰ䣬ǻź״
ϻİɣֻǰһСհ
ӦٸЩѻƹͰ׸ٱʣдƪߵ¡
Ȼޡ
Ҫһ̵£һ޵ùۣһûĴ
Ȼһ¡λӢۡڰɵˣ
˭ɵģ
죡
ԸԵУΪۣ
£ӢۡӭڳϣŸոմ̶³¯ġڵĹ֮ġ֮󣬹Ц
Ĵ˿Ժʧɫ벻ͨôЦó
Ҫѵλ͸ˣӣôЦǶϷ
ߺߵ͸ˣô͸㣿
ӭŵöһã֣˵ôܸң˾١˳Դ壡Դǵ˵һƬģֻΪγΪ˽һƬٸ£
Ҫ£ӿ׳־ǴЦͷ⿴쳳ǾͿ쵽˰ɣ׼ȥһǡ
ϥϵ¡
֪ǻ᲻ϲأ


736 ½
˵˰ֹȹ֮ǰǾӭġ顷, ̾һûŮӮġǰֹΣ֮أ
Ǻͷӭͬ, ˵ѧʱͬһʦ£ǿԳһʦֵܡ
ǵʱĽӭ࣬ӭƭ˼ңȢ, ʹ˯һ
ϧӭѹһŮӾˡ
Ǵ
Ȼ˲δ£ǵõһϵӭ࣬
¹Ǩͻ, Բûڷӭһʱὣɱ
ﵹǻ
ӭڰ֣֮ǳŮӿȵģ
˽Ǵӵܣ޼ɡų, ̨ܵΪʵۣΪһˡ
Ļ, ̨һó֮, ˾ﳤȥ
ƽ˾ǳ, ֻŮòͲĸ, Ǹ輿Ǻεȵɫ
Ůǰסǰʱӷ̨˵ȵ볯Ⱦ£ԺͶԼ˵, ǳ, ǵǲ֡
ӭ԰ֹԶʤ, ɵø̾ϵడ
쳼ҲҪȢһ, Ըûʵ, ͳ쳼ӵħ
ӭ֪ҲүүһΣʱͿʼ
ĵȻǰֹ
ǶģȨƶġ
ӭ಻Ѵ֮˵
õһˣȻܳеΡǿһ۷ӭ̨࣬ϵ˰һ˶ǰ棬̫Ҫˡ
ӭͷǵģҪĻڻʵ۱ʱ͸ԾȻҲð´£Ұֹƭˡ
ǣǽƻĵط칫ڣزôƹǺǡҡҡͷ̱˵Խ󣬵ԽС
ӭ໹ڵͷǵģƹֻ뱣ԼһҲ³񡣡
ǵ٩Ҳİֹ
ӭҡͷֹ۷ҵ߹Ʒлͻˡ
˴Ӱĵڡ
˾֮Ǿ顷ֿһ飬̾˿˵ֹһǿӭࣺһˣѵڴܻ֪ܳûоȳʵ֪ۡ
ô᲻֪أ
Ѿ˵ˡеǵһӹȣѾ֮ǰˣŻ
˵ɱˣʵ۵ȴ֪
뿪󣬺ȥ˸ʲôûš
Ҳûһ
Ϻϵ׷Ǻ˵Ҫرӡ
Ϻϵ˵Ȼܷȥߴ˼ڶУһС׷˵ɱ
û취óͷֻ֤Ǵ˼š
⵱Ȼȡˡ
Լˣϲţǲÿɷ
һɡ
մӷ̨䱦ѾӺӹˡ
ǻˣȥȡһƳı䡣
ƿ̵ӡǺȻǵ֮ǣ
ףʵ۸೤ļģжϻʳõĻռǡ
һչżǰʥּ
óӭȻҪֳ̾
ǡ
̾ǴӺӹġ
ʵ۵ֻ߱ڷ̨ھȻںӹȣһӱ˴Щߣȫ¶֪ˡ
ǰ֪ʵںӹȵҲ֪ˡ
ŷӭ࣬ѻˡ
Ƿӭ࣬ʱҲԳ֡
˲˵ʹȵ
ʵʧƣʧ
¼Ӣۺܣʶ֮ĵģô᲻ģ
ʹûҪһǵλģڶʼ֪ûܹķ
Ͼպϵλ˲ķΪʲô˹˵Ľ£Ϊأ
顷еİֹȷʵ˽һһҪѡһλӢۺи
ǵᱻƭϾֻһСĸˣȴ̨ȥʶӢۣ׵İѵ͵λͳȥô죿
ӭΪ˶
ɣ˵ӢۺܣЩӢܸ֪顷ҲܸĽ̨õλ
Ǿô¿У
һ쳳Ͼˣ
ˣͬӢۺܵȻĴ˵ǰ
ӭԸΪʹߣȥˡΪȡˣѡ顷
ͷӭǡ
ʮ󣬷ӭóһĥīʼĬд顷
֮⣬Ҳѡ顷Ϣ͵ûд飬Ҳֹ֪ʵǸɵӵ±֪ˣΣԸѴ͸ǸɱӢۡ
Ӣۡ
ǵõϢƴߡأƽµӳȥˡ
˵ɱİСؽ͸ҡ
˶˵Сɵһÿɾóȥｭɽ
Ҳ˵С⹦ͣѵȥ̨ӵʵۣ
ϰȻԼС˹ͣҲܿ˱ʾ¡֪ŵ²䣬
Ժ˭ʵֻۡҪķԸڴ˽¡
ȻĻҲϡ
ѳϣϹۡ
֪顷ĳǳҲʼеʼϤٽĳǳأΪ
ǶóȻˣȴˡ
³̨
ֳ¶˵һ£Ҫȥҹˡ
ǰÿһʱйţÿǸ򣬲¡
¶ɽͬЭ
࣬ɲָǿЦĽ󽫡ǹ³Ϊū͵Ľ
˵ùգô˽
Ȼ˽³Ȼޱˡ
֡ûȥйҲû򣬷󳵡
еĹŮҲ඼Ȱ˼ңֻûмۣԸ뿪ĹŮ¡
ĹŮ˵еĹˡʰüٸأķ˶ڶ±
Ҫһߣǿ϶ǴҪȥҹ˰
Ҫˣ
̨µİҲ˼ҿʼʰ׼һߡ
ȥŴ˵˵˵أŲǰңҪȥһ£
̨
ֻСſĸϥϣʣҪʲô°
֣ŮЦе˵ҪҪȥء
СʣҲȥ𣿡
֣󣺡һҶȥ
С뿪֣ʹŮںδ
ŮӦûһλ̫ӵ¡
֣󣺡̫ӻھܾ𣿡ŮЦ˵̫ӻǲϡ
֣һϲϣʱϣ
ŮʱЦ󣬿ɲ̫ӡ
֣ûŮϸ˵Ͳϲ̫ˡȻһֱֹܿóΪ˳ҲĴ³
ĻҲֻд̫ӵ޹
ϣŲĻˡܽ֣Ц˵󣡹»ˣ֣æվӭӣʣ𣿡ͷˣһºйλǾͿˡ
֣ϲȥˣ
Ҳ̾ǰܼˡ
Դӽ뿪ûһչڽȥˣͻȻ͸оϵصȫˣ
֣᲻ѹϾһߣͲٻˡ֣Ҳ
֣۵ЦȥҾȥֻиһʱҲҸġûдʲô˼
ҪλϢ󣬹ðһصۡλ̫ȻǸ߷ڣ̫ӻûңڹҲûкʵŮУҲûΪ֣ð
ԣܰ£޸̫Ӽͺˡ
³֣֮Ҳ᳤棬̫Ҳܵõһ
Ҵֵ̫ܣҲǼѻ
˵ԺɱˣȴܿһѴԵˡ
̡֣
֣ˣæ˵ⶼĹʧ
Ȼǽֵһغ
ֻ˵ùȻûѾǵĵܵˡҲ˵ȥὪǾҪȥҹˡ³Ҳʲô
ơⲻء
һж׼ˣȼֲ
֣֣Ǳô죿
֣Сһ쳤֣̫ʱд֣˵飬һʱԹ˵м鳼Ҫ֣Ķǿȥ鳼һʱְʾǿ˽ģС֣֣Խͷ磬ͷǿ
֣֣̫ȻĸŮǵˡĸŮ˼ûʲôݡ
վȳ֣̫Сʱã֣̫³м
֣̫ŵҪԽԽ֣࣬Ͷ֣̫ԽԽϲˡ
Զ³Ů֣̫ȻߵС֣
֮ǰ֣̫Ȣ֣ŮС֣³
֣󲻿ϴӦ֣̫ѹ
ĸܵȻҪŮѵͲҪ
ʱʹ֣³ǴϧȰ˵ˡ
ôԼŮϺһأ
֣ҡҡͷ˵⡣֣ȻҵĹʹҵļҵǴ㣬ǵĺӡѾ֣̫Ŀˡ


737 һHigh!
֮, һ·Ͼȥ̨·ˡ
ӵڵߣ, İձŰǣŶŮ, Ѿһˡ
·ԣ᲻ͣ
òӳǴˣٹ¡ˡ
Ȳʮ߳һ, ӲǱ
ѽｻ, ļ磺ˡԥƬ̣˵һ䣺ϳ, ֻδػѱԹ, ֮
һ, ǰ깨ϵĹⲴ̨µһΪ, мְ֮
ġְ
Ϊ̨ͷǵıˡһȥǡôУ
֮⣬ƺߵĶ൱࡭
Դӽӵź, ԴԴĳӳˡ
ġ
ڻǵԹʱĿ־塣ǴӹȲϽ, Զܴ㡣
ʱоõɱ
ǰ̨ʱ龰Դӽ, ûָоˡ
뿪ֻصϡ
Ͻ, ýҲе㿴ȴôں, ֻǶܵܲôˡ
ʶֻн㡣ܵܲˡ
ȲĴˡǹࡢࡢЩˡ
Ȼ, Ҳ϶ȲϹ
Ϊ˽㲻ɱȴûн㱣ʱ˹빨кܶ취ý
֮ǰһĵܵܡ
˵仰˳
ﱻ˲ţǰԶеĳӡ
ġˡ
ˣ
ĵϴˣ
ص̨ϡֱΣġ
߽ӵĿӡǰɵܵܣͲĵܵˡ
ˣ˼ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ׽
ߵȥ
̧ͷ硭
ڻƺ뽪Ǹ硣
磬ˡãȻ˵
Ǵ˵Ѿڵˡ
ʲô£ѣһֱ㡣㵱˴͵رǵʱˡ
ﶮˣѰҪ١
ЩܻԼֻһ취³һȨ
Щˡ
˽£ȫǻҳ
ʱȻ
ˡ
ĳ˴
ɹ²ģԽԽ¡
վ֮Ľ磬ǲˣ
ƽ˵ѾǴˣǾͲҪǰˣǶҪˡ
ﻻ·ȥ´ѡ
ߣö⡣
̨֮󣬳ʻ÷ǳٶȲ͡
ĵڶ˵ⶼ޵·ƽ
ʣ𣿡
̾˿û˵ڻǽȥʱ³Ҳһ˶ߣҪ¼žơ
ӳ̶ӸڳԱߡ
ȾһĻЦ־һĻȻǡȴİĸԸ׷ⲻ˵һĴ
ȻҲôôϲǵ˵˵¾һôˡ
ԴӼλû¡
ԣǵǵİİɣ
·ϣҲûšԱһԴÿХȥǵĻ̾
൹һֱæżȥһЩ¡
¡ѾǴˣܸĴд𣿡׵ʡ
ղȥдš
ˡôãˡµѾλˡ
дţһдѾ˵ԹһޣһдѾλһ
ͷϢ͵ҹ·ϻҪʱ䣬Թȥʱ㻹Ǵλʱ㻹ûλд
ͽ˿ȥд
ƺ˿ĸڽ൱áڵ֪ö˿
ǵõʱ˿ؼҵ£ԾĻҲֻһ㿴ҪĻ
д¡
˿ܿ͹ˣд˳ƪһٷĹòˡ
󣬵ݸࣺ࿴أ
࿴Ժ˵ͷĿ˶˿䣺˿¾ǺáȻȥˡ
˿ȸѹֻֿˡ
ɴʵһˡ
ȶ˿˳ý³дȻںһ仰
ʲôࣺ˵׼̨¡
еԥҪ𣿡
ΪҪнء
ЦȻҪǡǻҪһǰء
ƶǶд
̫ûǰӾͣӪˡ
סڳϣʹһáȥһп𣿡
˻˵÷Ƕ뿪ˣֻκڡ
ȥ֣
֣ĳĳһźһ뿪̨֮󣬰ڰܵ顣
κ뽪һͬǰ̨ѡ󡣺ϽΪ㣬뿪̨ûлκǻ³޸˽ĳ
˶˵ƭˣɰԼá³÷ǳҸκöˣ
˾͸ˣصĳڡ
ĳ֣һ³һӦ֣һԶʤκõġ
ڱ˵޵ɷǸū
ߣô֪жã
һͼιӳԷѾĸӣ˵̫ˣ˺ˡ
ôϲһҹǶô֣᲻
ߣι꺢ӣҲ͸ϽѺӱߣȻ˵ˣĹæ𣿡
§ûУһкܶҪֻǻͺӳһסһ㲻ߣҪң
òˣҲʵںʱĲ״Ⱳֻôһ䱦ʧȥһȥˡ
ðʧȥķա
ֶ֮࣬⼸Ҳƭˡܵٶ࣬ҲҪһֲɡ
󡭡̲ס
ֻñתע˵벻֪£
̱ˣôˣ
Ц˵Ѿ˵ڶӣ߱ǸյϢ
ϲĺǣǿ԰Ѻȥ𣿡
Ц԰󡢰͹ȥ
ָԹ¡
ôˣˡһӼλ̫𣿡
Ц˵ǣԹݱǰû̫ӣĳǰˡ¶ӡӡĹӵݶߣĸԡռλӡ
ԹǶû¹ӣеĹӶǷǵݲβ룬ȻŮ֮Ҳкܶ
ҡҡͷԹҰλɲף֮ӣǵշǳֻǸһֵȣĸ幻ǿܰ
ѡĹķ
˵Ҳ֣·ء
֣֣֣̫ĸףڵС֣һĸͬĵܵܡ
ֻ֣ͱ֣͵³ˣ֣Ѿûһӡˡ
С֣֣ݱλȫ³֧֡³ǿ֣أ³ǿҲһ֧פ֣
֣³Ϣ֣̫³ְֺޣҪҪ
С֣ʱ֣̫ĸŮˣ¼̳ˡ
С֣ʮˣȻûһӡ
֣̫һֱҪ³һȥܾ󣬻д֣󣬰֣÷Ҳ
֣Զ̨֣֣̫Żᱻ̫õԴ
˵Ҷˡ㲻õѾȥ֪֣ͨˡ
֣ʢ١


738 õѡ
֣
֣̫һĿɿڴ
Ůٴξܾ, ҾȻ˵ˡ³Ϊҷ֮, ֣Ϊĸ֮ء
֣, ³ҡҳ֣, ³
³֣
֣֮, ޸ɡ
֣
̫󾪻ʧ룬æʹŮΪĿǶࣿ
³ǿѾ֣֮ࡣ
Ůҡͷū֪
̫ŭȥʣ
ŮҴҶȥ, ʱС֣ˡ
С, ϸ֧һŴԴֽŶϸúܡ
ڻܲ, ÿվǸλ顣
һͶ̫ʰĸװáȻ˵, Ѿ뿪, Ѿȥס࣬ĸ󣬵Ǻ¾ţҪʶأβ˵һ˵
̫ղжֻϰ, ڻع, þ࣬ҲܽС֣³ˡ
̫øС֣Ҳ޼, Ҳض˵Щ͵ûʲô¡նЩʲô
³ˣһʼԸԽ̵С֣̫, ǰԸÿճոС֣һеĵ
ƽʱ̵С֣Ķ֣ҡ
С֣֪̫Ҫˡ
һҲϲĽ̵, ĸԶ಻
ö֣, ÿһصĽ̵ڷʸ⣬˵Ϊ³ˣΪ֣£ѯ֣ˡ
С֣ǰǳ֣Ϊ̫Сʱ򳣱Ҷĸӵѹ裬˵ĸӵİȫ³˵ĸ
С֣֪º̫˵ֱˣ³ҲҪƽʱ³ҪҪֵĽ³ĻҪ³³Ĵ氮Ҫͣ˼³㡣
ĵһҪף³Ϊ֣ˣǿ϶Ầģ
С֣סˣҲ˶ʵ
ĸȴǳࡣһ飬ȴ˵
ʲôö֪ȴ֪أ
ǿѾ˹ţȴһ׷סˡ
˵С֣̫ˣǿҡͷΪˣô̫֮ذɡ
˵ղǳȥ
ϳ󣬴ڳñ£ʣЦˮҲˣұڳ·Ǻþûõˡ˵䡣
ǿ䣬һۣѱӻȥ
ǰ̫˽żڹޡʱ˳ˮۣΪȡ̫
ҲΪ̫
̫С
Һ֮ͰѺӷˮˡ
ǿ֪֮ſʼ¡̫֮ûа˿ֻ꣬Ƿ곡Ϸļȥɲصĺͽ̫һηѣ̫˺ֿ
ӴԺ̫֮ûŮڣһЩøӳ
³֣ռ´Ƭأÿ֣Ǩ³Ϊ
Ȼûаϣ֣ǵ˷ԽԽϸѾչݣͬһ˽ĳ̶ȡ
֣³ìҲԽԽҡ
֣һֱĶС֣̫վһߣ³˸ߡ
̫Ҳ³߰أֻ³ֺ֧ͱͼ֣֮ҷԴңѹ
ǿ΢֣ᡣ
̽͸С֣λˣͼС֣̫
ֻ̫ܲͣߵĹŮ͸С֣뼸衣һߣȢ³
³ܾסֻܱ䱾ĶС֣ߡ
С֣˱øӵС£Ϊ̫һٶ˵ֻĸΪǰ֣˲ţ³Ҳţпŵֻĸӱ˴ˡʣµ߷ĹŮˡš
ȻŮҲš
ǿԴ˵ǶĸӲ֪ʲô鷳ˣҲᡣ
صż³ʹ֣Ƶĳӡ
Ƶڹ̵̫Ӳ̣صûٳʲô⡣ĳӸ͵̨Сѧϰ³³óµһԱ
Ԭ뿪̨󣬴ҲŻص̨ˮǴߡ
ˣǿǳˣæݣ⣺ҹе龰ˣйϢ
ӵһжãֻ˵̨мˣԴѾʾǰ̨ˡ
ǿһҪվѾ𣿡
ʱ䣬ӦѾˡ
ǿæʣ·Ը
ӵ˵Ա㡣
ǿԱ㡭
Ϊ֪֣Σǹ
ǵģ
Сܾǣ֣ѾҪˣ
ǿЦֶӵļ˵ϾƲʲô£˵ɡ
ֶ˾žƲˣֶ˵Ŵһˡ
ǿǹ˭ָƣ
ֶӣǺ깨ϡ
ǿŶӺˣ
ֶӣǿǶ֪꾹Ȼǿ
ǿ̾ں꣬һ֧ǿҲ֡
Ҳ˵нµıοܶˡùⲴӺ̨
ֶ֣̫ǿؼȥˣȥ룬õة˵
ȥöˣͻȻðಡأ³βϢ
۷׷ף
Ȼ³ö࣬³Ժ֣øˡ
ˣʳȻ֣˰ţǰֻܵͼˡ
ǿԹȻ³̣Ǯȥ˰Ȼ󽻹˰Ȼ㹻Ǯȥιȫҵʳ
ǰֻܰңǿ³ˡ
Ȼ۸ǰôߣǶܳԱˡ
֣˻˵³ǲý˰ģգ˲õ֮⣬ֱ֮ˡ
³Ϊ³ˡ
ˣǻ᲻ֻصǰصÿһҶҪͷ˰
ǰʱ˹ؿİաǸǰҵ㼯һû취ˡ
Ҳȫϣǿߵġ
ţݱϢ
֣˴󻩣˶֪֣³ΪԾߣݱԾǲǸ˻ȥˣ
Ծڣ³Ҳ¡
˵Ҫߵģ
̫ŵûɢȻһʼ³֣Ϊ˵ֿԾ³ѾС֣ˣ³˺³뿪ˣС֣ͻҵİΧ֮Уûκֱ֧ǵˣ
̫ǿʼղҹĳ˳ңǿ
ǿ˵̫ȻҴҳӭӡ
̫һͲˣ±ȿ󣺡ĵˣҪ𣿡ǿֶӸղűݲݸߣûԶתһĻĿࡣ
ǿĴ˿ҲûиߣֻʾҪ֡
ֶէ࣬ԴС˵ҲС˵ؼҿ˵ˡ
ǿ֪춪ˣߵ˶ߣ˺ֶǲġһԿ̫Ͻȥˡ
Ȼ˺ֶӾűţ
̫޸ͣǿһֱȰ˵
ǿ˵ʵߣǲòߡԹ£ԾҪȥġ
Ҫȥɥ
Ծһߣ³Ҳûɴˡ³һߣҲҪ֣ˡ
ҺС֣Ѿˣ˶ҲԷˡ
̫˵ôܷأҵĶӻûҪ³޹ҲԼ³ʹҲԳϦ顣
̫Σǿľܾˡ
ǿôð̫أ
̫ðû
ֶһЦˡ
ǿˡ
ǿܾ̫Ȣ³̫ˡ
Ȼ³Ҫߵ¿ʼ֣ĴСȻܵģ֣ȴͻȻһӱˡ
֪³ǿԴȥ³ģʱһ˻һ˶³̾ĵ·ԣ̶Ӿһӵϣơ̶Ӵȥ³
̶ӻд³ݵǼǣ˵Ǽ֣֮׷ˣ³̶˵Щ֣ˣ³ˡ
֣˲Ҷ³̶֡ǰǽţǿٴһˮ˾
³Ҫߣ֣˾Ϳʼ³̶ˡ
ǿ³̶ܺɷȥС֣ǰ״һ״һ³ȥ³ˡ
³פ֣ʮ꣬Ҫߵʱ򷴶ʼ֣˷ͻ
֣ҼС֣콫³˸ߡС֣ˣ벻̫߶ǿ³פĳǳشϢ˲ˣ
֣֪ݱԹ֮˵ûѶ
Ҫ˱ҲҪ
Ҳ˵Ҫô˵ҪôҪǻ֮ȥܻԡ
Ȼͻ֣פ̫С֣
˭̫֮Ůء̫غ󱣻̫ⶼһƬȭȭŮ֮İ
ǿϷֶ˵߰ɣǸˡ
ֶ֪Ծߡ
ԹҵúܡֻҪɵȻ֪֣عȥױ粨ǿ
ֶӣΪʲôҪأ
ǿЦΪҪҲǻ³ȥ³ǡ
֣³Щǳؾͽ³ǡȻ֣ڣȴѾ³֮ˡе³ɣǹ
³ǲ³ֻϹ
ҲǡǡΪڶǿĿУЩ³ǡǡ֣ġ֣˵³Ƕ³ˣȫҥԡ
ǿΪ³ǻʩչ
֣̫С֣Ƕһɡ
ϾֻҪ񣬶̫С֣ûжģԸһ·Ǻúûţ̫ĴȴпǵҪ
̫С֣׹֮ͻ֣ᷢѡ³빫Ǹá


739 ֣
ˣС֣һϢ, ʱϲԽ
ò³Զ֣ĴСԱǡĸӡ֣֮, ³ԡ̫С֣֣
ʲô𣿣
С֣ԼôС˶ܿ壬е˲֪Ϊʲôǲϳϣĸ׶϶˵ʵ
Թߣ³Ҳð˸³˶֣Ĺ, ֣İ, ֣ʳ
ĸҲô˵Ƕˣ³ֻܼ֣ҪһвԸȥ³
С֣֪̫붡ڰ˽ġʱ, ̫󻹽Զӡܡȵˣ̫Ųôˡ
Ƕһֱʮ䵭
Ӿʯĳĸ飡
С֣̫󣬵̫ķӦæϵ̫С
߽ȥ̫ڱȥѰҶࡣ
Ϊʲôû߰ң֣̫󾪾ĪΪǿǲߵģ
С֣, дø, ȰĸαȥҶࣿ˲𣿡
֣̫־֮¸ӷŭŭû³˱ĸӾͻᱻȡԸԸ֮ӣΪ֣˻Ź𣿡
С֣֣ҽ̵ҡͷ˴֣֮۬⡣֣˶ǹ֮Ầ֣̫󣺡ɵ𣿣ж˿ĺ
С֣˲͸, ̵ǶǶȨ, µûȨ, ȻԺ֣¡
֣̫ЦָС֣ҶǾȥ˰Ծ߰ǳ볯ȾӻҶƽȴΣҶභҵĻ·޴ֻƾһտյ֣ȥ㸸ӣԶʤ㣬ȴЩ峸⣬һ־죡㲻ƿߣѵ㸸˳𣿡
ָŵԼһ˸ߵĲƿŷŮ
С֣֣̫Ƶƿԣȥ־Ҫҳһҵý̫Ĺۡ
ܿ죬Թܾȥ޲ߡ
ʼЩڽ̵ʱԴġȴ̸ܶתټ˲ţ׽ų
С֣ϡͿķһѹ٣ܿͷÿյѧϰռˡεġǶÿԼĵʱÿ˺ܶ£ãġ
ɵ֣̫ĵ⣺ԾǷѾߣ
³ںδ
֣˵ջ
Ҫ
˵
֣Ѿ
С֣̫ʣȥʡ롰š
ɡ롰šĻش޷⡣
˵ѾԾԹݱǻӦûȥˡ
Ծᣬʵ˲ҲТ֮
С֣˼̲֮ס֪ܹ֣ǲֻܰûõİ
Ϳʼ֣̫磬ټ֣֣ƣûбҲûʳ̡ܴ
С֣׵Ļ͸֪ûбİ취
ѵС֣㡰֪֮û𣿣
㡰ϧ񡱵ĴȱĶû𣿣
Ǿ̫ʧ̫ʧˣ
ȥС֣ƿԡ
³ԭĵط³ûмݱҲȥ³ʲôʱߣҪҶࡣ
Ϊ಻ڣҲû취°
˵໹С֣أ
˵ģ
ǲ̫˵洫̫붡ۻ֮£ʵڲ
С֣˵һ˵
С֣Ķӣһ첻Ҽš
˼С֣̫˵ĶǶԵġ
֣̫Ů˵С֣ˣæĸ˱ͷʹޡ
С֣Ƕˡ
֣̫ҶףȼʶѾˡֻж˲סˣĸǵв˵ġʶȴҵľ֮ˡ³ȴܻסҵ֮ǰΪȢ³Ϊ³ΪҶѡҪĿİ
С֣дţȥ׷ࡣ
಻û˳̨׻ͻñˣ
ȻĲԸ⵱֣ةˣ
Զ³ǵĶǿѾſС֣Цˡ
֣ĺĶͻ³Щ֣³
ֻѳ³ӺӶ֣ϸĽ̵֣Դ̣ɲš
һЩӣ³֣ˣߣѡš֮ˡ
Ӷǿ˵³Ϊʲô
ǿ͸Եʡ
Ǹ֣ĵԵйء
֣С֣Ȼλʱֻһ˵СӤʮˣ֣ϰͷûŵˡ
֣֣ͬȫũǶũ˰ռ˳ɶũΪֵصġ
Ϊ֣ǵʳջ塱ȫ֣ġ
ʵҲͱǸҸռˡ
֣һȫǴʳЩƷ֣֣ٽתֱһǮƱ
ǰ֣ƾƵġ
ڲһˡ
֣˲Ըֳٰʳװ͸֣֣ȥ׬Ǯ
һѾҪʵ
֣Ըʳ³ˣΪǿ˺¡
еһһ׶ʲôµģ
ҪǶԱվţС֣Լ۶Ҫġ
ڶһߣСְ֣ѡǶ˸λ󣬡Ǿ͸ЩǳȨǴӴ˲ϽǽԿר
֣һְһͳһ
ǿЦԴ³Ǻɼ֣Ƕҵ𣿡
ĶӺ͵ӶҡͷʵЩǷǰ͸ǿˣҲĿŵĶ³ʾá
³֣Ըͣ
ǲöǿٻȥ֣̫С֣ԼڲԼҵĴ̫
ǿ߶ǣ³ˣȻ֣֣Ҳʱ̽³ˡ
һһⶼΪ³Ϊ˹
֣޹ءҲ⡣
ԣǿ˸ʳԴԴͻ³͸֣̫С֣Ԯڶ⡣
֣̫࣬ڽС֣̫ʹ̣λ󳼣չˡ
֣չ겻С֣ôû˾֡
֣ң̨ϣĹŽرš
С֣ཹѣۣͷɢҡſڽյɳƵĻţŹ³ɡ
С֣ȢҲһСŮ֣ңò
żˣͣ⿴±˷˵
С˵Ҫٽˣǻģ
С֣Ҳûһ૵ĸôˣС˵̫û£ȥˡ̫һֱʴ
С֣йᣬǹµĴǹºĸס
ף½ǰһٽ̵ȻΪС֣ʹ
պ󳤴ͺˡСȰ
С֣֮ǰˣԼˡ
³ˣ³˱ŵġ֣ˣȴҪ
С֣ŷȥһѪ顣
㽫ȥࡣȳĸףĸȥ³㡣³һܱӻĸסС֣ɬ۾ᶼˣȥĸ׾ͻᱻ
ԥ
ֻǾ̫ǡӦû԰ɣ
Ҳ֪ļֻҪ̫ǲ̫⡣
ǲ̫ȥڳ̫һֻһ򵥡
С֣ڹȥ¾ĸһ»ģ»ǵĻġʲôԸ㡭Ѹٰȹ棬ҴӦ㡣Ҹð͵أ
С֣ҡҡͷҲ֪͵ȥɡҲֻ֪һط
ֻŶжˣܸĸһ·
ĩ۶ʮһ꣬̨֣֣̫𺣡ٰ֣
֣ĩ۶ʮ괺֣һڷ̨Ϊ
ĩ۶ʮ֣֣꣬ޡ


740 Թ
Թ
, һѾ˺ܾˡ
ʱڵʱصǰǱࡣ
е˶ֲˣǶǷ, Ժ󲻵ûɱ, ã˶˵Ϊʴȡ
ȴףʴȣò⡣
ԥ˺ü, ˲ܱ
ܱ޹ְԹҲܼҳʱʶ, ύĲŷ֡ӾȻ͵ʦģ
һЦԷǵ¡
ӾȻѧ
ϸܱҲ൱ͬӡ˵֮µĹӶһ
ʱЩ, Թȫ֮֮Ͳٹ˼ЩϳĹȰˡ
ûи̫, ɹи˵ŪȨ
ܱ, ûг޵˼, ֻǲں
ûһŮ, Ҳ⡣
, ΪǵգȴΪȻҪ
ʣµĹǾûˡ
ٲ, ǹоͶһȺĿʶĹӡ
֮ҲǱϳı·ѣҲû˹ǵûж, ʶʶ֡
ܱ쵽ӵ˼, Ͳɫİָֻż, 콵鸣ӾȻλΪˣ
ܱ쿪ۡȻȥԹҪһֶʶĴˡ
Ӿ˴ȴȻǸСµӡ
ܱԨԴҲλ֮ˣʱ˵Ļҵ⳼ԵĶҪȸܱ
ܱΪ࣬ҲӵĴΪѡ
ϾλӰ׼ģ˭õأû࿴Ҳû˻ӻλ
˴ӣʱû»ָһ̫ӣŽʴӣִֻļλѡ
вܱ˵ܼλҪԭƢ
Ĵ϶ҪһƢõĴ
ӴӳϾ͸һϺ˵ʣƢûС
ܱţݼӣԡǼλǰŴҴұȡġ
ǰСǽʱģģ
Ҳǲãδⲻ֣ء
λǰΪƣ֣µһˡС
ؾصǸܱʹ˺֮Ǿܱˡ
ܱóǲ֪ʲô¡
ʵλԺ󣬹дͱϲӭһʹӹȥˡŶһʵĹְֻԱ͵Ӧگ
ϾĹλʵĻպڵҲ߲ԶһʵλӣԺĹ;˳
ԣʵûʲôòĵġ
ڵĲ˼ˡ
ܱ֣Եȡ
ȻϸĶ£տ˵һΣϾðһ亹
²֪Ǻϡ϶ǵλ͹ģ
дǻʵ۵£
˵һ˭ǰҪִǾǻʵˡ
Թ˶ܽݣֻҪϣƽƽĹһӡ޶Ůȫһġ
Ψлʵ۵£ܽȥġ
лҴһ˵Ĵ¡
Ǿǻʵ°ٳȴҴʵ˼ӣλпλ
ڼѱҳʿ²һ޵ۣ
ԴǺȥ̨λ
ܵ¿ض飬ֱ¶ᱳˣŷһʱҲ˵
˵ʲô
ܵʣǺ˵ϵģܸ֪ĳҲöǶ񡣡
϶ǵϴǵݹġǾ֪£Ҳ϶ͽȥ
Ͼʵ˭ûϵ˻ʵۣҲûܵʵۡȻԹһغǿǸ
ԥƬ̣̾һԶʿӵݸµġһ£˷̨
ܱæʣ˺ڣѿѺںƽʱ֮ࡣһС֮⣬ֻйµ֪
ܱļˣҲ֪ҪȰһġ
һƪ壬ĳġʵʵӦ̨һеġ
һϲҲô𣿡Ű˵ҲãӦȥ̨
ܱ֪Ҳųɾһҵġε磿ֵӼλ綼ûˡ¶飬ԼžͰˣºٸһء
ԱúܣѧʶҲܱ͵ѧģʱ֮£ŶϡͿģ֪˵ʲôȻҷ˵˱˳Ц
֪³Цصȵ¾ͻȥˡ
ǰ룬ҲֻΣǲ¶˼ġ
ΪȷʵڿտգģҲ֧š
ֱ͵Уŷһ£ˣ

ܱ״ʧ£ﲻС˴һλ˶ǳܿ˿أΪ£ҲʧְηѶȥ
ͷǣ
ֵܱοǶˡλ˵Ҫ֮ѡˡ
ŵõֱۣʲô
ܱ˵һι¡
߰꣬ʲô¹ʶһʵۼλͻؼۿҪã
൱鷳ˡ
ʱ̨֮ϵ൱ܡʵһزõϢͶˡʵ۲ÿˣˡ
һʵûкӣͰų⡣ʱһߵĻʵ۵壬һߵԼ֮仹ҪĶһҵòˡ
оһ˼Ƴһƪȥ
˼˵ʵˣûкӣ²ʧ
϶С
ǾҪѡʵۡ
ѡأ
Ȼ֮а
ǳ˻ʵֻۣԼ졣
൱ˡ
ò
ʱ̨ĳӶòˣŻʵۺȻǿвĺƤ뵶ǹˡ
Ȼʵ۾ˡ
Ȼʵ۾ͿʼˡӽӽӰ
Ǽ̨֮ĹϵǳӣʱǶѹ磬ѹ硣
ǻʵ۲ɱܳʣ¼˵ˡ
ܱ˵һιº󣬻λ񣿡
һƬĵʱ룬ŵҡͷ
ܱ˷̨ҪѡĸΪʵأ
Ǿκ³أƾҪλشأ
Ҳ
֮ͷɥܱȥǸϴĵˡ
ܱ˺󣬷˾һ۴Ŀ֮һǻ־ȴûвѧҲûгǸ
ҲʲôġһײɵӣûгڵĲѧûԺյļи־ͼѰ֮һʺơ
̨αĸӡ
ܱԷ̨һ֪ΨһϤ³ŴŮ˷̨»ʵ۶ʧ±ˣ԰̨֮ϣ˸Űֹ÷̨֧֣³ڷ̨Ϻ޼ɡ
ܱĿɿڴͿЦı£ֻ֣Ҳȥ̨ҡһˡ
ٰѴ¸߱ˣȥ̨ôȥ֧̽̽ܲܶôû³Ϲա
ԹյһԷǳΣյĵطȥ˵ͰԹȥˡ
ǲ̫ģܱô˵æ޳ɡ
ܱİ̾һͿʼѰ˴̨ΰûз̨֮ġ
ǾǸͻȻܵԹķ̨ʿӳֵе̫Źˡ
Ŀǰǰسһλ࣬һ
Լģɼ
ܱӦԼǰȥϵûôǳҲȡһݸ³顣
ܱϡͿĽ⿪һɵˡ
³ҲǲܱȻޱдǣ൱õǸдһ
˵֪ˣҲ϶ѹҵһѹ
ȻˣǻǴǻҪһôΪİ
֪ġ
ڸպһ£Ҫ㡣
˵ʵ۳ˡһ´ʵ۸λ֮ǰε塣
ˣʵ۳£Ʒ٣ͼ壬ұҪȥʵһѣ
ҺеܵܣλˣҰλøҵܵˣҴ³ҳȥʵˣ
ҪҪ
Ȼ׷һʵ۸꣬ص˵һ˵ʵۿ֮İˣƵǹ֮ˡ
ڵϣ㲻ȥ
ܱ
⻰˵ˣܲȥ𣿣Թܲ͸ȥ𣿣
ܱСİֵĹ£żһ䣺εȴ塣
³ǹ塱ˡ˵ʵ£λҪȥˡִ塭
ֹܱѵΪۣ
ҡͷһţúܡ
²͸̾˿󣬳˵ʱԲһ鿴ǲҲ֪Ϣˣ
ܱ֪¡
ൣ¡
ܱҲЦ̨ʿһڴͷβϸص㣺ĳֹ죬ȴ˼·
ȻѾ֪ˣܱҡͷ֪³˾١
ֻ̨֪ˣʵˣȱʵۡ
ţȥ棬ո֣пܵĻռС˻øϳ硣
ûзģˡ
ָŹˡ̨
³ѾȽȥˡǲ֪֪黹ǲ֪顣
³
ܱŹ飺ԶС
ͷյ֮ȥˡ
κС
ܱһС֣
ͷֳϱ룻С֣һ붼³ˣҪ³Ϣ
Ψԡκ³ɳƴɳǿ
Ȼϣһˡ
ܱŭ֮ʵ֮
˴θڣ
ЦѾָԹԹ¾֪˭
̨
£ڵλ
϶ǰе̨ȥһʵġ
Ҫǿü֣ƽ·
ɴ˵˭Ȼδ¶м
ҡҡͷ벻Ҳֻһ칫
칫
ò칫ʵҲ
δпԽˣǿԲһǡ
ڷ̨µĸȻ¶ͷôһ
ܱԳ¹֮Σ
ȥԹװɵͲ𣿳ҡͷһϲǲȥҹҲС
ͷԹ˾û취
һ붼ëԹѱΧǿе
ǰɱ֣ԹҲǧٿס
̨ؾףհַܣԹúûָָ
ڿɺãѵҪѱٻδҪĻս
ǴԹҲ֧Ųȥ
ôһŷ
ܱھ⣬˼գһǰ취İ취
Բһζֲ³һԼҵĴҲװǿ͵̨ȥߵӮ
Ǿ䶨ˡ
³֮¡ʱ³ǰ棬ԹԱ߾ˡ
Ȳ˿ʵû̫ķգ⣬Ҳܾ緢֣㡣
еûӡ
ԹȻڵΣļûһ֧ǿפ֣ء˿ԣǿᡣ
ͻȻȥ³Ӧ棬Ҫˡ
ܱ˵ͻȥˡ
˼պ󣬿ߣֻ˲ܱ֮ԡ
ϰųȥѡĴӣҲԹ̫ӡ
黹ԣǰҲûʲộһŮȫ˰λ̻ϲص̫ӣ˺ôһ
ճӶ࣬ʡİ
ڲ̫
̫Ӻܿӱͳȥˣֱ׷³


741 ú
̫ӽ뽪̫ͬ꣬ӵʱӶ˺ü, ȴû̫
̫λ, ýѰһλŮ
ΪŮԭ檶, 涼ܼ˵͵ƫƧȥūˡ
̫Ӳҷ, ֪Լ̫ӲֵǮ, »ĸܵܣĸǸûб, ڳѯʱҪĸΪ˵ҲΪˣ֪͵ȥɻˡ
ڳϣҲϤĳȥ³, Ѱ˼ԼǼ, ֪̫ǲܹúá
Ӹλ, Ȼߵľֻˡ
˿޵ҵǺ£֪Ǻá
˰ԹʱйŮ͵ŮѺӵ, ֻ·һҲ, ΣŮðˡ
Ϊʱܹ, Ȼûߴ, Ƥϸ, 롣
оͳ˵̫˽顣
˵̫Ҫȥ³Ϊ, ̫Ӹ˳Ȼ̫һߣ̫̾ͻɱ
䲻̫ӵĴ˽£ȴ̳¡
ǸŮ޷ˡ
ʮ˽̫ӣ֪ûʲôҲûʲô־ǰպ󱻸ϳʱҪЮȥǮ򷿡
һ̫ӣûֵӷСˡ
Щ̵̫ӵĶѧʿȻϹʵ̫Ӻ޾⡣ѧʶãִϻۣûֱ̫ӡ
˵̫һسȥˣҲΪ̫֮һ׮¡Ȼպ̫ӼλǻƿЦء
䱩Űôɳһ֪ۡĶӸ
ˣЩûһ£Ҳ˵ֻ
ûаĻ̫ӣֻ֪Աɥ
ο̫ӲҪģ³ˡ֮ˣẦġ
̫Իֲ̿
ÿջҪճ飬ָ³֮£æڳҲ˯þûûҹ顣
Խ³£̫Խ³
ʱ԰˵û뵽ֽ³찡ֽγ˲أǰ鶼ľ빡أҪĻҪϼֽ빾ͺöˡ
ֵ̫³ôܸ᲻ῴ
ο̫ӣ³Ķ㲻ͲҪƽϡ
̫ӵͷ˵Ҷôҵ³ʧ˵οնңҼǺ޹
һ̾˿
̫̫̾ӣûá
ڲ֪³ߵ̫ûʲôƣԹһߵ൱е̨ȥĿĵһ϶ϡ
Ͼ֪һȥ൱Σաһֵø˻ã̫ǡί
ߵôͬеˡ
ǡκʹڡ
⣬̫һ൱͵ġȻһ̫ӳӦչ졪ߵݡ
ȫصľӶɢˣֻ˻ġ
̫ȻҪαѡܶࡣ
һУֻ˼˼ĸһӻֻΧ̫ӵĳݡ
еҲֻܴ˸Ͻܣսǲܵġ
ˣ̫һ˾ûй졣
һ·ϾԵúܹŹ֡
˶࣬ȴ̶ӴŻ
̶ӣôȫӣŮ죬гǸʲôأ
һ˸ϺʹǰݷãҲΪ˴һߵ·
̫һҲԷġ
߶Сģ·˵
һһˣһκˡ
һ˵ߵķһġ
κ߳ԼǳѧгⲻҪˣˡͨˡ
̫ߣ̫ӿ϶ǲܳ˵ġѧʴۡ
Ƴһλߣ˵Լˣʶ顣
߿Ϳͬһʱͷ˴˶̫ˡ
̫ǻһ¶ڡ
κǱģϾù̵ֻоңţȨٴҲԼ˷̡
ΪףκֻԳϡ
Ҳֺ¶ˣ˵ǳǸˡ
κˡԣ˵Լݡٴ
κΪˡ̫ӡ̫ӡ̫ӡ̫̫ȥ³̫ȥ
ʵص³Ǿ顣
κץͷƤ
κԾһĵġλʱҪκĵһһǿ
Ѿˡ
֣Ѿˡ
ҡѳϱˡ
Сǿռ
³ƽӹ
вûпߡ
κ벻ǣԡ֣ࡢԤ֮Уƫƫ³ȥԼٶȶ³ȨȨ
ΪԵ³һһıȻǸصĶ
֮ҲȨʢ֮ˣŮǻס
³³ʱ㽪ȥ˷̨Ȼڻʺ֮λ
ʱκͺˡ
Ϊĵһǽ뽪ЩԨԴ
ʱȥ̫Ȼһۣڼλھͽ̫һγֵõġ
֮ǰʱζеԺ
̫ڷǰ֪úֶΣ̫ӽ˽
̫ף̵ֻʶ³ʶκ
κ걻ҳǿ°̫ӾͷۡʱѾººҲѾĹӡ
̫ӣΪ˵ֻ̫ˣ
̫ӡӡ³ʱߵġϣ̫ҲҪ
̫ΪТԺֻҪʱ죬ͿץТ̫ӡ
ʱǰѾˣ̫ñȥˡ
ʱ̫δǲТĴ
ʱκոյ֪ڷ̨Ҫ÷磬Ҫꡣ볯ã칫ȷ̨سй
˵ڷ̨һ³˾סĹǣֻΪ˼磬ڷ̨⽨ǣ³˾ס
˵⽪סڹ
κʱͰԭļƻ
ֻһСС̫ӣ϶³κ
ǻʵ۵ĳأ
ǽǲڷ̨绽ꣿ
ڷ̨˵һͨǾ̫ӣҲȡ衣
ô
ȥ̨·;ңԶһ귽һΡδĽãǽȻһֱûʧ裬ڶλ˵ȻûгΪʺΪؾηʥּ
Ѿ˻ʵ۵Ĺӣ
κʱдȥ³ز˼̫ӡٻ̫ӡ
³ʹ³ס˴ŵûһϢѾκ̫ӽе̨ȥˡ
ʹţκ֪Ѿˡ
̫ӣ׷ϲˡ
Ȼˣֻ취ֲ̫ٻ뷽跨
Σ̫⣬Ҳ޷ʩչ
κû취³ֳС
Ȼλ
ڹиκ񲻵£
ʵ۱һͽűӷ̨ˡ
³Ҫȥ
κǷͬȥ㲻ǲǲİǲǲȻʵ۰
κûٴ̨£֮ǰȨǵʱԹ߳ǵء
ǶԼͷˣٱԷŴͷ
ԹѾûˣ¼λ˵Ǹܵġ˵κĻᵽˡ
ƫƫ³ȿڣ
κǰ˼֮󣬼Ȳռ˵ĺûᣬֵı³ݺ
ȥ̫ӵ͸˹ȥһڱ³˦󣻶ҲԺ̫ӡ
ѾκֻҪ̫ܺӣ԰޽ɣ
κʾԶ̫˵ֻҪκ̵ֻ
ͷʹѵκ˵֧
˵̫ӹҪˣʱκκ˶
κһʾ֮ԴͷɥĻȥˡ
ʱڳھ̫ӺҪô˵
ҪҪһʹأ
ǿ˵κ̫꣬Ӳ飬κһҳȰ̫ӿعκ̫죬λ
Ͼлһͺüء
صǣô˵ˣûа̫ӺȥκпܻǺ
κǺ
ôǴһ߰̾һģż̫Ӳ˵
·Ͼײˡ
ݼ󣬵֪ײϵĲһˣ̫ӡ
̫ӣС
˵ʮ͸ˡ
ˡ
Ի룬Ҫҵ̫Ҳͺˡ
̫˵³ūģصӸС
ͻȻˣ
̨
ʰӣ·޵ôˣ
Ҫܣʲôɹ֯·д£һʯһСʯһϸʯ·ѹýʵʵģ
ʮǧǷ̨й߰ñǿ׿˵ĶǼ黬Сָʹ
Ź棬ҲٵӾš
Ѿ깤ˣڶ顣Ͼ꼾ˣʱͿ֪аӡ
꼾жд·޶Ҫٻһʱ䡣·ʵˣܹٴ󳵣صе£
޹·Ժ󣬴ӷ̨ǣʱ޿֮һ
ɳƳϦˣ


742 Ӣ۹
Դӽǵ顷㷢Ӣ֮, ӢǶǫ
ڷ̨Ҳÿ춼ĳĳλӢΪ۵Ļ֣رʾܾ
ʹޱʾܾ
΢Цʾܾ
֮Ǹ־ܾôܵʵأ
׺, ˾ͿԾоǵ׾ЩƷ¿Եʵˡ
˭á顷ìأڽβ˵ǸɱӢվ
˵Ӣ۶ԣԼʵۡ
Ƿ©˾ͿʼԼҿԵʵ۵ˡ
Уͳ˿˭ܵʵ۵ĲС
Ϊסڷ̨
ֻסڷ̨, Ƿ̨, Ҳ˸ʸ˵
̨¾ͶǰԼˣƾͲŵˡ
Ҳյ顣
һЦһ˰Щ鶼ȥ׶Щڵλ
ȻЩͶݼĲ̫£Ҳʶһµġʿ
˼һТ˵Таʱ, ʮТ, ʱʮ꣬Ժ, ˾꣬ˣꡣ
£ʮˡ
˽ˣ
׸˵ʮ塣
Ͳð
һЩȥ룬˸뵽̨ʾ顷ǣҪѡ˽еλģ
ֻ̫࣬һҲԾ, ֻð˶ˡ
ǸʮТ˳Ҳȥˡ
̨µûԼġ
׸˵ܻȥ˵Եʵ, ץס˵ʧķ, ڻƼβˡ
˵Цһ
ڶ˵ȥ칫ʵ, Ϊˣ¼ֻ칫ܵ
׸統ʱԱɫŹˣԻǸֱ겻˵Ϊֹ
׸칫ھڹǡ
׸統£Ϊ
ȥ׸ֻβã칫ҪҪȥһ˹Ǽһ칫أݺӹǼ꣬Ҳ̫ġ
׸統ȻԸȥԸǶԵûȤģǵ칫Ͻȥ³ʥּԸһӵġ
˵ڶȥëѴУȻˡëȥ׷û׷̡
ڷ̨ϵ¿ɲ٣˶ãһ
οð׸ȥʵԭġ
ӹѾջˣ뾡찲񡣡
ëŷŹ׸磬ð׸ںӹȣ칫ȥӹȰ񡣰׸վɻǻ
ëһͶˡ칫һˣ칫ɣڣ׽Ҳ
칫ںӹȣѺӹٱԭӣհҵǹպҲ˳µġ
ںӹڽС
֮ǰҵѾΧ˺ӹȡӹһƬư֮
ȥ֮ǰҲû뵽ҳŵĳУѸɾҳһǧˡ
֮ǰѹˣڳƺͱˡ
ȶġſҲͳųһ֮
бҾȥɱӡ
Ƿϳˡ
֪ҪʲôģʲôҲ˵ȰѺӹⶼҲˣȻɱȥʮĳǣѳÿͷȫ롱ȥ̨ס
˵ġ
ЩұưܵЩôȽѹһˣ´ǣһ㶼û͹ԹԵĴӳܸԸһ֮ȫҵ
ôϣ
ڳ⼸ҵ״֡С˵ǵ޶СᱻѰ𱨸
ԣԸ⡰͡ǵļ˸һȥ̨
ģ˷̨֮˱ǣ϶ܿࡣлƼҡëҡҵһվţֻȥ˵һ˵ףһᶯǼһë
ȥЩ˼Ȱ
ӰȰڣȰһһҹͶԸȥ̨ˡ롱
ȼҲϺ󣬽ߣžͽЩǡ
ǿеáϸ
вʹоͰʮҲˡ
𣬺ӹŰپʮȫ˳ˡ
ͿʼڸʾҪո
ԸԸ⣬жȫ˳˽ϵѾķϵϣݳ棬ѷء
չȻԹԣũʱˡ죬һһůּ˻ֵóġ
ֻҪֳԼͻϰֵˡ
οѾιٳǵĽŷ£Ƕȥɻõİʩ
ǡ
׸Ѿˣ칫һ۴ޣ˹ȥס칫ȿ޵ӡ
칫Щ˸Уһ㶼ʣˡ
Ա߱ÿ
칫Լǰӡʵۡ
ǰϲǰ⼸йһƷͺˡ
꣬׸Ҳ첻ˡ
ڶӴһ˫ȥѰ칫ѹĻѧһѧý칫ġ
칫˵ҾͷˣҾͿԻغӹȥˡ
׸Ȼеɵתÿ졣ֻ̾ǹ뽻칫¡
û˵Ҳû
µ칫Ĺ칫ڣ߲źøжźÿ칫칫ô
칫ԼڣΪǣϣָܹɣǾͳɴˡ
ĺô׸ܿˡ
׸˵ȥӹȣ칫ҡͷָԺ˵Ҵȥˡ㻹ȥ̷ҪĲ̾˿ϧӵԴ˵ȱ˶á
һþΪ˳˵ˡ
׸ǲģ칫ȥ˺ӹȡ
һӹȾһǺӹȣ
ؼȫǸɻũūһȻ䣬Ҳо
Ѿ˶
׸統ѧϰһݾǼ𣣬һ۾ϳˣȫˮ
֣
칫˵ũ˵ķӣȻˣڿҲУͿܲƽˡⶬҲ䣬ʱ취˴첻Ϳֳһ𣿡
ǲʲôģֻҪԹֵؾС
칫󣬾ʹĽĳǣٰѱһˡǰ칫úӹȳ
칫ɵø̾һˣӲǱӰ쵽ز˭˵󽫾Ǹأ
û飬ʫͨգͲκһʿ˲
׸ںӹסһ²ߣǰū
ӹǺõأڵ̫ˣֻܿ֡
Щūкܶ඼ڴ̵ʱ⸽ߵģͻӡ
ǲռıˣҰץˣǰһصģ˳·ͻȥ
칫ǰûֱʵūһη³̾ô壬ܾȡ
нĴ⣬칫ڵΣӹȵҾƽˡ
ҲΪûܺӹˡ
·ڶˡһ߽̾ˣûֻʣ¡顱塱塱塱ϵλӢˡ
˰һ常׳ҲдšɱĴҲø常ˣõӰ
Ȼ֪жãȻؼҾĶףŮһҲ֮Ů
ľôƭذϳףһš
ӵܲȢ常֮ŮС¾ͲҪˡ
ؼҺͿʼʿΧ׷½أ̽ǲĲ뵱ʵۡ
ȻģֻԼûʵۡһ˵ҪܾܿͻΪʸ֮ء
ǸϷŻ¸֮ߣɽһĳŵô
Ļˡ
ûԶܵ޾˼ˡ
˵һգԼҽӴӵĸһˡ
ͬеһСŮӵֶŮ˫
ôʱӦöѣñ˴֮Ĺϵӽܡ
ǴСŮ޸ԼĶӡ
ӵҲǴ⣬Ͼڡ⡣
̸ãˡ
˽
һǸСŮ
СŮѴ֮ͰѻĹԼȥˡ
ĲԼߵģıˡ
Ѫ
Ҳ޼ҷΪ޾˼Ҹϻġ֮УһԱͽǶôȫ
Ѫ󣬾ϵǿԲȵģǾͰѻڰȢ͹ȥˡ
ʾʵһ㶼⣬ˣɫöӣ㣬ȢȢĸҲԣ绹ûȢأҲһҶӡ
Ȣͻɣסżסڵأľԥԥȥ
޼ұĸüҪҪǣĵ޾˼Ҿ׳Ƿ²ٵ̣ȥ̴Ҫͣƴƴɱ
ֻҪ뵽ڰⶼľҧ
һҲʿôأ¡
ڣͻȻˡ
̴޾˼Һˡ
һŭ֮Ϊ常𣬰һɱ˸ɾﳤȥ
һʿĴ˵


743 ʹ
ºܿʹˡ
廹ڶ, Ѿڶס˴ˡϸҲһʦֵܵ꣬ǶϵĵҲһ, ͦѶϸ˼ر, ֹһûŶϳȥ
ҪҲ, ڶ֪ȥʬԶ˵
Ҳûϵ˵ܾͰ, Ϊһ׮£˵ָܼǧ, Ҳһ
żꣿǰ, ˡ
ȳ£ŰҲ¡ڿŻãҲˡ
˵, ôûʲôҪҪˡ
ûϿΣǴҪܣͷġﲻФֵ֮ļҵҲҪġ
ഫ϶л, Ⱥϴ, ֺȻҾʣԼˡҶ˱, Ҳеλ, ˼ǡ
Ҳˣ޼϶, ޼, ʵԩʹ, ʧȥһҲԪˡ
ϼľЩ⣬Ǵ壬ǰ˶û£ôͻȻͰˣ
þãö࣬ҵһЩ
̾Ϊˣľױˡ
ˣһ㶮ǲǲžΪûлʵˣôΣ
ǰûҪȥƷʵۣԼʵۡ붼롣ʵ۶ˣǻʲôǲأ
Ӷ˵ŻҪˡ
ԽԽңҵļ︸ĸ׳ϲТ˳ĺӣԵͷǶԵġ
׼̲ýȥʱ˿ܲѰ׳ʿؼ硣
꣬ڶҹӣܶչˣҲ뱨
ԶҸ˵һﻰ
常ǲСӣСһ常
ͦϲģѶҲһ㡣
Ǵӷ̨
ͷ˵
˵ǰˣԺֻԽԽҡ
Ѿ൱ˡϾŴͷĿŵĸɻ£ҪҲûǿ
Ժ˾δôˡֻжͶϸˣݶԶˣҲﲻʲôæǮ࣬˲࣬һǿ˶ˣͶϸӿܾͻû
ɫѾԽԽˡ
ȷʵԽԽˡ
ǣûǿڣҲ޾޲ƣҪȥԮأ̾
ǿڿо޲ƿǡûУô죿ܲܰѳǱܰɣ
˸⣺ѰһɽԶһ㣬ýױԶ˷ȫ
ɽһ㣬ԶҲܱǡ
æָ㡣
С˵̨ϵİֹʵˣ
է֮¾ⲻǸѡԽԽãǰֹʣ
ȣǸǸӣ͸õĶǻᱻȡ࣬ϻᱻϳǡҰܱȹӸ㡣
Σ̨ȷʵ൱ԶˡȻʱշǣǾֻѡһġ»˭ʶд顷İֹأ
󣬱ȣֹĸá
ܹ֮ǰ˵Ŀˣͺ¡˵ֹϲˣϲĶټһӡȲҲ̣ǾͲϡҪҪˡ
֮󣬾Ѱ͸ֹӶǡ
ָ֪¡
ЩǮĶΣѧ³֣³ס
Ȱڳ³ɣҲȫհ죬ʵüˡ
գô˼ǿеġ
ŵĳݶ³ɡеġɡ롶ɡСŮɡǳдɣ
ԼûŶི
Ŵõ洫һǮ
ʮ죬;Ҫڳ³ˡ
Ϊ˲𷴶ԣáɡԡ˵ûϵҲӰӦСġ
ǵĴС̻ȻԸ⣡˵Ҫáɡˣ׷ȥǮûУ֤ƶûУеĻǿ϶ԸⰡ
ʣµ̶Ķʲôģڳ˸ʱѧˣҲͿʼˡ
Ϊ㰡
ǰҵõĶԼĳԼĶˣ׳ìܡͷСʢף򶷵¡
ǰգ³̵ĶҲű̻³ѧһѧ
֪ԭе͸³ѧòˡԼҲΪıáܡ֪һˡ
˵ĳпʼ³ʱǾűʲôʱҲ³ɣǸǮͺĽ
˱΢¼١浽ٵĵزˣҲҵ˻Ҫܿ
ǮǶԸֱӰǮ͸ٵģֻҪһ
Ǯ׬
ûԥþŵȰ˵ͬ˵Ǯͱ֤ƶȡ
Ϊˡ
·ӢۺǮ㾡׽⡣
ȻǮתһֱôڱǵͻ½ᱻƷ
Ǯķϡ
ɡʩöˣҲˡ
ֳûȰԡɡ
ΪɡǿԷѼġŵָ֧£衶ɡһЩͷƷֲ˸ȥڶǱ½Ϊš
ʼ³ǸöˣʱšŮɡԶ˵ϧû֡ȻĽöڼңҲھǸӶˡ
˶࣬׳
ҺˡԶЦ˵ԺŮҲûϵȫڼŮ£˺ܿͻˣ
Яǳǰȥˡ
յõٺϢøɸɾ칫ƽ£Ҫˣ
һСһСҶӭѾĸطĿʼΪӢۡ͡ˡ˰ңȴܸ뿪ңǰңڵһ
´󹦣˶ǡ
˵͡
ЦŵѾĲԽ壬ʵд󹦣Ͳźã
壬ʵ
ǵջļˡ
ʵ빫ʲôأ
Ǹ˲ţ˵͡Ҫúðţܷ
Ŭ˵ȫƾ
ȻǸ֮ˡ
ͰˣôŶС
Ͱȥ¾֡
Ա⣬͹񣬶ڴ˾Сһ£Ҫʧ
֪һҪλãҲ൱Σա
֪ʲô
Ҫ֪һСĲȥˡ
̷ֻ֪꣬һ£ġֻҪģ¶ɰݡĲؼ񣬹ǾŹġ
ġ
֪ôˡ
̨ϣǰ棺δˡ
Сˡ
칫󣬱ץʱûעҲûʲô˹ġ
ȥúϢҡ
ӣ򻹴һˣھڵ⡣

µʲô˴ˡ
ȷʵ棬ûзڷ̨ﰲȫ
ɡ
СһͶд񡣽Ϊʾһ㶼ʱ£ȥ
Ȼû⣬˭֪˭
Сһж񽪽Ůͯ̾վˣ¾Ϳʼ÷ˣ˼֮ף

ǰⲡuʹˡ
Щ˵찡
ôСŮˣԼòʲôԱ
οһС飬ȥϢ׼ٸ٣úøοһܾŵġ
Ȼȥ˻ʵۡ
˼ߡ֪ȵ۵ǳʲôȡôһ֡
ʶһʼϳ˳ܸ˵кС
ʤһ
Ժĸ֡ͽַ
֣һҪ˷ߡ
ϽʤһߡʤСڹˡµġ
ʤʲô
ʤߣĳ֪ʲôʲô
Ҳ֪ʲô֪٣
ʤ֪һ
˼꣬һûͣѧϰ
ǣȥʹ߰ɡ


744 ּ
ڽĿУʿûôĲԸˡ
ʵʼʡ¡
ʤȻ, Ҳʲô㶼õú, µĻ칫˻ǰ, ԹĿͷ, ҡ, ִȡ
Ȼ᲻ýʤ
ʤ˵·ĳȥ, 뿪̨, Ȼ˵ٻ, ָ, ̨֮°ݵǰ
а, Ҳ㡣
̨һǳõķٵˡ
ʤ벻ȻľҲһ
ԺԳƽˣ
ýʤԼΣΡ
һʱлˡ
б뷨ҲԸҡţȥһ˶ǡ
ʤ֪̾ǣλǰ𣿡
ͨҪ֮ء
ͷиĸմӶǻ˵ǵĶҡǼֻиӶˣܹĿ, һʱ̵, ǲĸԸĹ˳ʤ˵, ǲģʱҲҪСǡֻҪϹ˳С
ͨҪĺôȻǹˡ
ͷٽʲô𣿡˸˲ͬ
ʤԼ߰˰˺󣬲ŵȥ, öǽ˳ǳǷ, öڳʮڽӪҲһۡڳкðЪ, ١ҲС
ͷˡʤҪʲô
ôСĳǣҪǮˡ
Ҫλá
仰˵Ƕǵλá
ֱһ㣬Ҫǡ
ֻһʼܰѳ˶ߡֻԼߡ
ʤ˲Ҫʲôˡ
ҪѶǰյռ䶼ռ꣬ǿ־սڼſڴ̶ߡ
ȡһһ
ȥŻ˵ġ
ЦǾĪ
ʤʱڣΰݡݺ󣬲Źĵȥˡ
ı඼˷̨Χռĵڲϵ󣬱Եе㲻ˡ
ȥ
һò׽İȫٴαơ
ڶΪڵĵطûսԴԴۼԭ
ְȫʵϷǳҲ
ʧȥʵۣ´ҵʱ̣ǲΪ˴ʵ۶
Ҫġ
Ȼͱñİ취Լ
ӷ̨£ѾӦǡǵ䵽ˡ
ӹҲָտɴˡҪľôӹǵӹ֮ĳȫ˳
Ȼôġֻ˴øһ㡣
ǴøˣԵԴˡ
Ҳû鷳ˡ
˼죬
ҪһӡȻּ
̵׼ˣ
ԴԺǻˣʲôλãԺĺҪе󣬹Ϊ׵³һϵʼ׼ǻĶˡ
˵ڹᡢ۷ȶˡǸˣԱеֻҪھˣﻹаٻΣ֮ĳ׵Ρ۷ҲչŮС
һϣܸǲԣǴһʼǿŮݡ
ȻҲѾˣ˺üġġġ解ƽġģȵȡ
ִСֲʶˡ
̬졣õǷ
һķһķԳ

Ϊֻһһ㣬Ҳ뾡˸ְ취
˵Ҫ̾ʮ߰䡣
һ̫ģ³дϣ֡
˿ͷˡ
ڻʱ
ü³ֿš֡ó
ӡϵļ£³ϣְڣͦ˼ġ
дɡ
д꣬ӡȻ͵ݵȥˣʥּͷȥ
ּ⣬Щ
ûǹȥּ
ҪôּҪòǡ
Ҫôּ̫ҪǷԡ
ҵ淴ȴҰµּ˻ȥ
ûӡ
ŲչּּԼֺ³ֱַдġ
ɨһ۾֪дʲôˣǰһƬڡ
ȥëѽй
ëѺܿˣɫҲܲÿһҲһּ
һģһ
˲׹ˣֹһּ
ëѺּչ뿴
ּ˼һƪв졣
̨ʵ۵ġ
ּҪʵۡ
ּ̾ڱǰ
˶Ȼǲܵġǰֹŵġ塱ƤҪˡ
ķּܻܿ⵽ëѵķԡ
ѡòá
ѡǣ·ɡ
ǿѡһʵġ
ּ͸˭Ǹ˾ͻһΪʸ֮ġ
ּе˶ǽ൱ߵӢۡ
һǡɱ˴磬ɱܣƵһˡ
б
ȻĴεΪбûʲô˸Ҷ֡
صȥµûرӣǾͲôˡ
ʱҪ
ãǵճӹȵˡ֮ǰΧӹȣҲС󹦡
;ɱͰϣʵۡ
ڷּпߣ¼ӢȡǿÿԱ¡汣Ůˡ
ּ˳ˡɻǺֵܳġ
ڶּ⣬ȴд˵Ķϵۻ
˵ڻʵ޵£ܵʵۣһˣʵ£
˵⣬֪ǵܣֶȻʮ֮ǰҶһڣǴʱܵʵ۵ģǻ˭أ
ɣūڷ̨λԴ
һּȻûпߣûʾšϾǱ߹ϵԶҲǶμѪֻҪˣĻգûκˡ
ؿֵķּԽԽΪѡ
ѡ˭أ
ⲻѡһƷǡǵġ
ҡǻëһֱά뱣ҡ
в֮ġ
ѡĻڸ˹һȥҡ
ֻҪƷͿˡ
ȻڿҲܴӹлȥӣȥǲһġ
Զ֣ǲУ
ѡ͵ǴĶˡΪĿܻ֮ҲǴΨһϣ
պ˵·ر
˶ԳĬ
պ󣬽˵ּѾȥˡ
﷢ģ

Цġڽ
ЦЦ
֪ġº󣬰οԻƹë˵ķǲֵġͷ֪ǳ飬ȴ·ϣǲðա
ȻǿԶ֣˭֪᲻Թأ
ǲ᷸ġ
ǣӦִСӦأ


745 ū
ҵĴιҰ, ƣʿŽŲ, ǰС
ǣ, Ҳһһǰߡ
Ѿˡ
ѾкüûͣϢˡ
кü׷ǡǲ²Щ˵⣬Ϊȫͷ¶βûб
ΪЩûгɱ
ֻǸں档
Ӫͣ, ǾΧƵǲӪ
Ҹ
ô, һǶҴӦǰŽǣžͰѳǸˡ
дŸѣĳԴǿллˡ
Ȼܾ˻ݡ, Щﲻæ
ıѾˡ
ص, ЪһЪ²ԼļңֻҪǸ, ǲҰʱ̾ŵˣǾܺúϢˣܷˡ
ȥıᷴ
˯˯, ʱʱľͻᾪѡ
ӣļ硣
ʲôʱܻȥ
˵ĸ״żСȥ˷̨, ûƹ˳, ֹȾָϡ
Ȱȥ̨, ֹ, , Ϳܻѱӻ
ȴȥİֹΪ뵱ʵۡ
ŵΪβܳɵۣ㷢顷Գ˭˭µ𣿡
֪˶ϣȥ̨ΪûرϣΪ˵õλ
һ֪֮ԼǲǱ˵Ѿ뵱ʵˡ
Ѿٱ
Լ
뵱ʵֻۣ»ᶪ
֪ԺδֻҪ·ȥ϶·һ

ֻƽƽĻȥĸ޶ӻ°Ҵȥ
ֻԸˡ
ʱ̽ǰǽ
һǣػʳԽһ㡣
ȫ͵ӪȻȡȥ
ҲǣֻһأʱܵüǽǾǵ
̾˿Ȱβҵȣҡҡͷسǽ죿ǶԽһ֪ǲҪçײˡ
ȥ֣
Ըҵȣں棡
ǾȼˡڱɱɱܵĶȻԸ⾮ϾͲɱ˶
ϵǺξģ
תʮ߰˸ͷȴҵʱƣı࣬ȴƣܶս
⾮лģСδؾͻļơ
ԸǣȻҲı
һ˼ʲôΪϣΪģһ߲ĵš
ֹ˰죬һ廤ô
ѾչھǰһȻûұûĴؾľӪ
ǰվڳǰӭ
ǾϼԴѾʮ䣬һ˵Ĳ˳Ƕ԰ָ֮˵ҵʮ
Ҳ񣬹Žҵü
ǲˣӢպǰ̲
߶˵ˣԴֱǽǣסھңĻպڽɡ
ԴĻ˵úֱףƵø
ӣѾزȥˣڶ˵ܾܲôһһͣʮꡣǸǣûǧֻ£
ǼԴֱףҲֱʣΪңҷΪ𣿡Ͳ°ȥҰȫˣѽռˣ
ԴЦָʮ˵
ʵǾԴҲܿ
йӡһȢʮ꣬һֱûӣԴԾӣҲûոʲôġ
ԪȥһһĶʮ¾һӣ
ʱԴʮˣʮûģΪԼҲˣʵû뵽ֵһӣ
жӣȻҪúý
̫ˡһУĶĩǰֵĶӶӴ
һ͵ǵûԺ󣬶סĳǡ
СŶӳ󣬵ȢӣԴûģһ纮ӺͶϱһˡ
Դʱͼһȥˡ
ŻϥǸߵСӣԴôأ
ԴܰôֶļҲǲȱģϾܰѾв˶ɵǾҲʣ¼ˡ
ɾҴֻ뽻Ѫ
£ݺĳֻ轫ˣĲͷ
ԺûǿŵģԽԴ𣺡һл˵ҲҪ
Դĸɱ£æ
ߴһºǾ˽
һ뽨˵Ŀⶼˡ
ӿ뽨ǡе֮ɾԼеͶЧǣе̽ǵ⡣
ȻҵǡԴѡ˼޵Ľ͸Ϊޡ
ƴǲܣޡԴͽŮΪ澣´Ůӡ
һգʹߴԶԳǻƹ£ּ
Դæʹǰ
˵ǻƹĵּ⣬ɵðһ䣺»˷̨ŮΧͷ²֮֡
Ǳסһڵտϡˡ
Ůӷʲôʱ㻹֣ˣȥɣ˵ŵС鲽ţϽתҡ
ǳӭӣҾڵأ֪ʹӺδʹЦ֪Ӻδ
ǾȵŶ
ʹЦ
⻰һǾЦˡҲٽš
ʹ߽뾮Դ
ʱҪƴǡʹ˵ּ⣬˲١
ԴڴϯˡȻˣʱɲðͷ
Ǿףʹס
ʹȡּȲǣȵּ˰ֹ
ǵˣŹֻԵü
ǰûаʱΧ˶ΪΣӢۣЩоʤ
֪߽⣬̨ϵİֹȻ䡣
Ǵңɽˮ𣬸ɳк͸о²ôġ涼ǵˣǶǡ
ΪʮϲȻܹңкβɣ
ȴһ£ӲԼȥģǻʵ۸ġ
δһһ䣬õ˱ӡʱʵϲܳΪ֮
ϳڻʵۣⲻ¡
ԣϲǻʵ۸ġ
ǰֹôڷ̨ϵأ
ʵǸɵӡ϶ʵ۵õڵĵλġ
ʱΪƹ˰Ѱֹһ˹λţΪ˺ʩչµֶΡ
е¸ǱƵǸλϣһãҲԱȫġ
ⰲֹǸʲôأ
ѾСκһˡʼֶֹγǸֻ²סҲԶԶʤˡ
ֵܼϡͿľһɥ֮Ȯ֪ô¡
޶ˣվФ֮һ룬Ǻա
ڽֹּ׷˹ǼȺ棬ֲëֱ֡
ʹּ߽ǣԿ
չּ³дüд
ģȥǵӡ
ӡϵǡ֡
ȷʵǹ֮ӡȴˡꡱ̫ƽֻе֮ӡõļΡ
³֣ݲɨȥļģһ鲻ıŸ̧ͷ
⡭
ּӦ˵ͨûгǵԤ֮⣬ûһ
ּڴʱ˿̷ǳʡ
Ҳš
ǽּʹߣд񣺡ˡĳܣ
϶ܽӣ˾Ըȥʵۣ
һû¶˼ؾͼˣﻹΣ
Ҫȥˣ϶
ּҪǽˣҲ϶
ʹ߽ӻȰżٺúһ룬ҲһһƬģΪ񡣽Ҫ˹źá
ڶ԰ֹɣһ˿ĽĽڷ̨Ǹ̶Ѩƽƽģļȴɢɢ
ʹûбǣʹˣ˵
ʹߣ˼ҹͻȻˣ
ʹһûнּڱҲǽ˵ģ
Ȼʹˣ
һ뵽ʲôҲ˲ˣҹˡ
ֹѾѡ˻ʵۡĻǴȥˡ
˰¾ͷ鲻ʰˡ
Եתͷֱ̨
սӣų̂ܽӽ˹ǡ
Ųбܽڹ⣬ߵ롰ֹū
ԸΪū̷ֹ
űǳѵΡֻԸһճϢū
Ϊ⣬ڹ͸ͷʾ׼ұա
Ǿʹ˴ˡ
Ǳȴ˱øˡ


746 ͬ־ԭ㣡
˱ŵ, ˼Ƭ̺̾˿, ȥǵӡ
Դ֮ĸԺ, ˡȻҲ֪Ѿȥӹܱ, عѾ۲ˡ
˵ڱӸ³, ðһŮߵĶ׳һʱȻǻزˣ, ȫǼеŮӡ
³һôǾŮӵ˰롣ŮӺͲʮ׶ÿ»һ԰졣
ӵİȫԭ, ȥū
ȥĹ, ׷
ụ̂Ҳû
ǿͿĸǿǮ
һǲòóеū, ԪˣҲ赲³бӡ
³ɶĽŮһֻһεĹ¾ͿǽҲסŷĽŲ
ڱǹˡ
벻ô죡Űѡ, ӹ鹫, ӹȹ鹫, , ǽ, ˣҹˡ
Ӣۣûߵ̨ǰȫˡ
ҹߣʱȴ֪Լʲôº޷ֵ
µǽҪûԼİȻأ
ճʮ꣬Ѳɶ׻
硭Ҫȥ
ӺͶӵˡ
꣺빫ǽ
֮Դӽ˻ƼҺ󣬾ʹӶԹ֮ͬ˽
֪ΪĲ
£ǵ޶ڼ϶Ҳܾĥġ
˵ѾͶ˾ڹǣ֮ǷҪŶȥǣǹȥ
֮޳ĬƬ̣ɳʣΪū̾һȻˣҲĪκΡ
֮Ȼūޣסӣūӣ
һᣬһߺ޵ҧ֪ںǻں硣
˷֮֮Ťͷȥ˵򡭡ˡ޹أ
˵գݲһߡ
һĳסĸףеʣ
öղŷʲôȴԸţ
֮˦ӵ֣ŭԹسԸΪūӣū֮ӽΪūΪū
类ͷһϣҼҹ泤Ǽ̳ˡСϸҪԼ鸸
ڣĸ׳һūϸպҪūﶼҪū
ӵˡ
֮Ҳȥֱߡ
ūҪūȥ
һǰĻǸŵܵһߡ
룬Ӳߡ
ͯ˶侲ǳӣūǴӣȥҵ
Ӿ˵ʲôߣܾܵߡ
һ̣ᵽղŵ顣βõܵȥū
ܵ˵ұҪգȥҵǲҪȥҵ
ӵĿţûеֻסܵܵ졣
ŵܵܿ첽߳ӣ̨ס֮޾ǣǹһѽӴӳӻһԣųӾߡ
˰̣Ѿ߳ȥˣ͵ѵܷܵˣеҴϵܵܣ
ԶԶģܵܰ˼ͷֽȥˡ
ͻȻˡ
ץĸλһһסСݡ
һţſסʹ
ӻڵϡ
֪˶ãǰ䣬ʼ³飬³֡
Ҫͷء૵
ȨˣͿԱӻ׺͵ܵܣͿ԰ǽӻˡ
ëǵۣڱġ
ЦԶ˵˵ʲôɣһȺɵӡ
ëѵĶӲֻ࣬ĸڸľСӣ볤ӵĶӣӡ
СĶӲëڼʱ̣ڼҾó̡
Сӻʮ꣬ǻʱ
ͷëѣ˵ĶԣôΪ˻ôأ
ëЦȥ𣿡Сӿ϶صͷȻսҲṶġ
ëѾͰȤ¸˵ˣЦСӵ뷨ôǺڼסôһ׮¡
֮ѡô򵥵ģ
Ҳú棬ǵľػôѡ
˼һ˵׷ɱҵĻ϶ֹһˣ֮϶һһͶʱǡҲԳûߡ
ʣԾ𣿡˵ҪԾزΪѹȣԼˡ
ʽգɵ룬֣ص˵ԵͶԾ
ʣԾ֮أ˵սҲ׳ҡ
̾ˣԹ˵һ̵ģߣô뷨
ʹЦЦ̾˽ˣԴΪ
ʹ죬ί˴ΪǰǺѡ񣬺ѡ˾ų
ǣôãʡ
Ҳû뵽ܵ⺰һڵĳӵܣ˳һ϶ʵ칫֮⣬Ķͨ˾ӣ˾ͿŷǺĲвΪū
ǸӵҲ治ģˣ˱Ÿūյģǲ֪ôãҪΪūֱӰԺ
Ŷеܲˡ
ס
ǼסСӵˡ
ȴӦʩ̡
ǲֻ̣¹òãͻתͶϡ̣ǲŻģŻһһ湫¡
˵ãֲҡɸҪھ̻ȥˡ
ڲֶΣʵΪԳǿŲηСҲպߴٷѡѹ
ɵնԹ㡭䲻Ҳ䣬Ŷ̡
»صһ죬ֻôԹ㡣
ֻǵŹô˵ֻ»ܡ
š˵ͷתͷȥдš
ԣҲû
ú̧ͷͼüĿЦ·ʱˡ
΢Ц˵ĳأ
һӣߵһֻҳ˹ȥ
¹Ϊʵ۵˱ͲࡣǺͰǰϣһˣһԸʶˡ
ǡʱָˡ
һԱ½顰³çꡱ仰˵˶Ϊܴ̣̣Ӳʹͣ׾ܺ嵽֡
֮ʹѵҲûذңʼĴˡ
ǲͬ˶֮ΩֲߵﶼģһǶԸؼҵһŹ
ľͻ硰ջˮһͶһˣһǸˣ֮󣬳һŭ֮¾Ͱ˸ˡ
󣬱ͦԥġ
ôɶ𡭡
ֻԳƷԸ߹˲ŶԻԮ֡ˡ
أе壬ֱ˳幫ӡ
˶ʱ˳ţ幫ӻ̹Ȼĸͬʳͬ齶ߡ
ľӣ
ľؼס
ͬؼҵĻзӭ࣬߹Ǻ󣬵ؼңͻȻؼҾȻҲ¡ʵ벻
幫ӵǲŮ㣬ǰû֣ڿ·
ؼǿӭ桶顷֤ѾٿĻ桶顷ˡ
ӭ˲Ҳʡһطһطתˣʱؼұһá
ײֿȵĻġ
˶Իݣӭһš
ҲĵʲôĿġ
ɱΪĿġ
ֻ֪մ˶һӢܣڷ˶
Ҫ˵ͼơͼͼֶ
һȺͽĲշת֮뿪ʱ˵ĶҲã˵ǷȥҲգǲ׬ôġ
ӭܼ幫ӺͻҲ㲻ˡ
̸ִ֣̹ʣʵڡ
˵ԼĳͼҴֱԣֻѵɱˣӼ⣬Ϊ˼ѵͲˡ
ֱǼ
ֵıһ·շģص˶УҲ֪ꡣ
ߵ⣬Ҳ¡
ٵɷֻ󽨹ҵٻ
ŵмġ
ĹҵأӭʵڲǴлΪһ֮Ǿɱʿ
ӭవ˼ûĲһˣҪС⡣
幫ӡ
ٿɡ
Ͳٸ߹ˡ
ȻҪأ
Żģɽһá
´ŷӭࡣ
˵ǹˡ
õǲʹˡ
нǵУôῴأ


747 ָ¹Ϊ
ɲһһļ, ɵĴę̈ëͬһϵ˰ͷּˡ
ӭ֪ʡ
ëϾ˵طа˰ˡ⵱ȻָݷӭʱĴ㣬˰û, İеġ
ëϻԼͼڣ·ɽ֮ɼڴ˵ǹˡ
ɹŴ˿ڷ֧࣬ϵ, ëͲһڣ֧Լ, ÿʱͬһ֮⣬ƽʱ֧ʲô, ֪֧ϵ
ΪëӴɱ϶మë
ϸղͬϹֻëϵ֧
ɼ㶼ëģҲŵȡ
幫һǼľëҵ, ÿ˼ʱؼȥ֮⣬ëҳġ
ֹ, үүүүүүëҼľӡ
Ѿëסһʮˡ
һҸϵĹϵëҵ׽
ӭȴδظôë, գȴһֱľëҵġ
һ²⡣
Դ˵һһһͶҲŷҪ֤ʵأĹȥ, ֻз̨֪Ӧ˵ֻлʵһ֪
ڷ̨ûʵ, йùǿ϶ܲġ
ӭȴ
˻ȥ֤, һһصı˲ô죿ݾ߰ӭ
˶ˣϾ꣬˸ۣͻɣֹôСʱ򻹻
ӭ͵ûȹ磬幫ȥĻᣬ̴úúõȥˡ
˾￴ҡ
һ߸ӭϴ·һ룬ʵҲǲǰƢСúãִѧʮѰĴ˾ͱ粻ˣͰͱˣһҵ
ϧͽεþ辰һһʯڷš
Ҳ֣ΧҲûʲôĵġ
ʱ߸ǣһأһءʢǿġ
̨Ҳȥȵ볯Ц̾Ҳڷ̨ҲΪ١
ص˶ˣʵд˵ֻǻˡ
ڼ̾䲻
֪Գĵĸ̾ʱҲ⸱ƢãʱҲһˡ
ڣֹˡ
Ҳڰʹӭࣺôû췴ʵۣ
һŮ룬Ҹɵ£Ϊʲôû
Ϊ仰죬ֱһˡ
֮ͶȥҲ͸£ûƴǣ
Դ˵Ҫ»ʲô˾ãǱãǱ仵
ֻ뿴ǻ˻һ
ʱܺЦȪˡ
ӭĻʮֽġĽڱ棬ֹ֮͸¶
⵹Ҳ൱ϳġ
Ͼ乫ӡ
幫ӵһ黳ɵӣ˶ЦģϺˡ
ӭԴӻǴٿ⸱ԽԽˣⲻ˾
Ļ϶Ӣ۵ġ
µҾ˶ŸϽһӢ֣Һÿһܲܵʵۡ
ĻῪڣǰ汻۹˶ȥˡ
ˣһԸΪūˡ
ӢѰ
ӭĻֹĹ£
ϸ˵顷ɺݡ
˶԰ֹ
ӭҲô²⹫ģЩ˵һҲ˹ǰο֪ܻܲǻء
ĹǾһòˮĴ壬һڷ̨ҿƵĿˡ
Щ˶ԹĲ롣
ǰгҶ԰ֹеһòضһ˰
񣬳ֹǳ
׷޷мܣ
Ͼû˾밲ֹ֮䣬ǰֹǿ
Ĵ壬˵ֹ˽̫ӣ̶ǻд顷Ҫλó
ʵ۶ģǺεȵƷ񰡣
ڰֹ˽ӵ£ӭͲֹһٸ˶˵˱زǹ֮
ǿȣ
Ȼ湫ʹϧ֮ᡣ
ӭ̾ͶŴ˷ЦЦ˵ӱȻӢ䣬ʿ˱ȻһŮҲȻġ
ûһֹҲпܲ
ˣǰ꣬ɼڶֹôܹǣ
Ҫ֣ҲùְֹǴŮ֣̾³磬ҪǻڣҲԼֹһ
ӭЦǰû˵³ǴΣѹߣֽӻûˣžܼλΪġ
е˵³Ǽֹɰٱ䣬˼ˣ˽ϡ
ҲˡԽԽԣʶԽãԽ³¡
˺ñɫŵѲ߱
˭֪أ
³ˣͷɻˡ³¶ǹĳ񣬶ŷòˡ
ӭֻҪһ룬޲缸ʮʶ
£ÿһ׮Ŀһ£
ˣʵ۰ɣ
һĹͳġ顷ĿŶԶʤһ˵Ĺ
Ļû˻ɡ顷ˣֻҵˣ˻֪顷
ԶԷĳȥӭ顣Խ࣬ŴºȥԽࡣ
ֹǽϣ뽭Ҳ˵ˡ˶ȥߵ·Ȼ˿Ϻɽѡ顷´ȥ
ԸΪū֮ڣ
˼˵࣬ȴǳһְܻҪһЩѡ춨ע˵ġ
ûѻ͵ˣҲûǸ˵
ǣٱ˵³ѵʾ˵
ʬҰƵ֮أ
֣֮຦ʹ
ǱΪūԺΪū
˶û³ҿЩ֮ζ
ǲ˵ȻΪۣ
ȻӣͻԶΪ۰ɡ
ҲʡøӢΪɱѰ
⻰е
һ޿ĻʵܸĽ
ȻӵܣвҲūܺܿ࣬Ҳս
ȻԼſڣ
ʣڻʵгղȥѡ̫ӣ˵ֹһӡ˵Ǳ֮ӣֹô˵ȫǷ̨ЩΪ˵ĻѻһŮۣ
˵˴ûУǰδûС
һ˵Ҷʱ
֮Գ֮ΪţȻǲնεġ䣬ֻз̨֪Ҫôǵļ֪
ļ嶼Ϊ˱ܣǾ¿ڵġ
ЩԴʵ۵ҳϡ˵δֻ֪֪¼ѵڲ࣬Ҳ¶ʵ顣
˵ˣ˵֤ʵ
Ψз̨Щ䡣
˭ܴӷ̨õأ
ӭһˣ˶ڴ
˼Ƭ̣幫ǰ
幫¶ȡǳʶȡԵ乫ӻ°ɡȻߵһ˾ͺܻóλ
ӭҡҡͷ幫ӡߵëһͶش
ëǵ֧еһһ彻ã춼һĻᡣ˴ŴҲ񣬷·ֵһ
ɵˡ
Χ˶ڶ
˲⣬һСֵ־ϲɡ
ӭҲëӡ֪ʲôֻ֣֪еڶʮ
סͿʼޣӣڿԴˣ
Χ˷һľ
ëãȻĿ塣
ɫ䡣
ëӿʼƷӭ࣬Цõ˵ϴˣǰ塭û˵꣬ӭ⾱һ㣡ҷѰҵˣ
ëӾɲԼһ룬ʼɡ
Ѳɣģ


748 
ĻԺ, ëʮ͵Դͽƽˡ
رص˽ĵ, ĵóһģһ
ղŻ˵ëΪ˱ؼ, ʱӣ
֪, ǲܵġǻүү̣
̣һģ̳ˡ
һˣæ˵ߣǱأȥһ·ʹȥ
Ȼǵ֧һǼһ
ëʮͻȻղžû壡
æһҪȥ幫ӵǸ㣺ʱĻ˵
˸Ϲȥʱ, ǱѾˡ
ëëһμ丸ëš
ë϶Ÿ岮¶ֵֵܣëʮˣֻ·һָһɱС͵ëϸ
սëʮë, һƨɾˡɫ䣬Ҳ٣٣ܵܣ
ë˵ڶ·ڶָ, ɱһ, ëһ֧Ǩȥ, ˵һ֧
ëʮʱѹѪҲ, Ż̵Ŀ, ȥ, 岮ֵȫ˼
ڿǣ
ëʮӺＷ, ŵ֣УҲУȥðʵ
ңң
ëٿ˵ǾֻȥԾҸȥǰ˵ȡж̽ͯ͹ȥ
˶̽ƵüᣬбǰëʮҲֹһΣͯȴǧ
˫־
ëٷ·ģ˵˽Ŀһ£ûˡԺлչĸĸ޶ȥġİɡ
ëʮֿ춶ס̽ˡ
ȥʵۣð֮Ҳȥ
ִε˵ǡҡ˵ġ
ëټôûã̾ҡͷת˵乫ӱضǲĵġǿרΪ
Ӧǲȥ̨һ˽ӵ
̾Ҳֹëϲ
˷̨֮޲ǵ֮⣬˺ҳǵҲȥѰҡ
лʵۣʲô
ҲеҶ
Ƕˣµȴûж
Իʵ˵ͬһֵ֮ʵ£ֵµͲʵµķΧˡ
ʵǺֵǶҪºġ
Ҷ⣬ԸһֱúŹӡǸϲŮӡŮӼ֮ҲһѪ
ǣûôࡣ
ëΪԼһôҲд
Ƿëǡ
ëҲµġ
շתؼңŮΪ檡ؼȥ󲢲ĸӡŮͽ͵ëΪūˡ
ëҵõӺ󣬵ȻΪūҲҸգһֱڵ֧ëӵһ̵ͬӲѧ
ӳҲûȢëŮǺͨİ֮ŮףӣȻʹë
ëҶ϶ɽ֮ǰҲûйչǣǽǵһˣд
ǡ顷ճҲëͷ
֮ǰĸû뿪ңֻ߹ֻܼٳëݣԳ
ëҲǿ϶ǲĵģҰǻҲ
һ֧ëվãʼФëϵ֧ĹˡסëңжԶëӵһ쳤վãȢëҹﲢѡ
ĸ涼ôɵġ
ë֮ǰͷҪһ֮ҲΪ֧ϸϵѾ൱ˡ
ëҾһһ¡
ƣע⵽ë壬Ȼȥ̨
ӭͻȻû뵽ģ
˭ģʲôˣ
ëһ˲᲻Ҳһ
ëٱ˶ѡӭص㣬صǻҪҪȥ̨
£᲻Ǻëң
ëһҪҪ᣿һпܻỳ޵ȥʵۣ
Ǻ޵Ŀֻ֮һëҪҪðأ
ðգǾͳڻû֪һҵݣȰ˸ɵ
ëѡ񣬵˵˻ᱻ˷ԣ˵Ҫëʮȥʵۡ
Сëʮʵۻ治˭ġ
Ȼëʮһ֮ǰ뷨Ҳͷ
һǺëҵȥ̨һᱣܵȥ̨ʵһܴ
׵İ취ǳ塣ٽëʮһ֧ҪǨ߲Űȫ
ë˵˼ˣ׼֣һҾȻˣ
һҹ̽ģ㣬˵һߣľ͡ߡĴһң׼ȥ̨
ëҸڣһ֧乫ϵġ顷Ѿȥˣ
һǰëԼĻϣëһӵָܱΪ²Ÿոȥ
ôһҹȥ˸ˣʿأ
ȫëҿˡ
ëʮһҵϵɿǼӼҲݡ
ëʮǼҵ׸û취ģүүأܲүү˵ģô죿
ë˵ⲻëұ⣬ëҸûðѾûˡ
οӭҲͬһʧˣëץ֤ʵû취
ǣʿëҡ顱
ߴҲ裺Ƕ뵽Լĳȥ
Ͻȥ̨Ȱ˵Щ֧˸ã˶ƴ󡱡
ȻͣΣգټһЩʿ
רҴǡ壬Ĵ˵ҲԸΣѰ֧ߡ
ĳһգķ塰ˡƭ˳ǡǳ˶һţûĻûǳɿط̨Ϊ˶лһ·֣˻һЩǮлʡ
ġʧǡˡ
˶̾ʿҪģٰͬһǻѪʿ
һҴӴҲûֹ˵Ϊѵվȥʵˡ
ëˡ顱һǧɡ
ؿʼðࡰһһ˽Ҵë֮ûһ˷̨
顷βһӢ۳֣޲̾
ǡʱ
³κǶ
³Ϊ׳ۣӲ³׷³
𶯡
ǼҰ۷׷ס
ݹҰˡ޲Ǽʮӭָʮ͡
δ̨ϢѾˡ
˾ʧ룬׷빬
ȴڡ
˳ȥˡ
±Ѱˣֻ彪ˣʱŭᶯܲȰ
Ǹ࣬λȹ˶󡣹ڻֻ³ء
ǱͣҲǵһ
ֱˣ׵֮⣬µ˸Ҫͷϴ
Գߣ桪׿ϴ̫ˡ
ֻվϴҵܣס
ŭɶǱס㶼ȥϵǧǶһͷǱ£
ֻù¹Թ
ȥ򣬴Լ۵ôϥȥ빫عֻӰȥȥ
㶼ӺˣֻҴҸȺ󿴻վڵдС˵ͷʮˣô󾢡
ʮˣ;ʮˡҪšô죿
ǳȥһǵ׶³ǰʲôӦ˵ǣҪˡ£϶ⲻƵġ
Ƕ̫⡣Ѿϰ³ɣ³̣³Ĺ˵и³Ҫ³ˣòʲôΣա
³ˣҲԲǡ
ڷ̨⵽ÿ춼̨˾ūܰ
³ôˡôûأ
ø³˶סӹȥı˻ᷴ³Ǩ׶ǵķӦĶˡ
عʱͿꡢ˹ǰĹϣ߿һҲҪȥˡ

ִ󳼹Ϸ뾹Ȼ֣̫ˡ
ͦġ


749 ½
һȺ˶ڹ, Ž·
ú, ҾڵأҴˡ
꿪ʼʫ, , ֻ˼һӲʹһĹ¡
ȥأȥˡڳ֪ɵȰ죬үʼ׷ŭˣǲҵĻ
Ǻоʾġ
˵һҴˡ
ëѽӰ£˵һϻ۵Сӣа֮˵Ļӳ˹ȥ, ձ, ĸĸʮֱʹĹ¡
ͷرȰɡ, û뵽磬Ƿǳ, ȫֱԣǽ¡
˵һΡҴˡڻƹЩ, ÿ·ع
صУڸʱ˵ƹǻڵ
ðɡֻٳ, ǻƹ
ƹ֮£δ湫, 빫
ëѵ
һȺ, žͲˡ

ʵ治õ
Ȼû, ѾܸоôԼʵ۵ˡ
Ƕ۵ĥˡ
ֻһ̹ͨסΪγ
ü³Ϊζ
ͷ߾Ͷ
һϣ˵ѣشǰ
꣺
ʵڻų̂
ȫµ˶֪ʵɵˣҲ֪ʵ۲ٵʵˣʵۻų̂
ֻеһµ۳ֺ̨ϻøַûʵλɵӻʵ۲ʽ̨ˡ
˵ݵģȫ˵ùȥ
ã˭ûò
Ѿֲˣ˻ȥ
̾»ԲԹ֮ܣĳֶֻ֮ξܽ½αؼһʱأ
ȻͲ˵ˡ
ҪһٳЩ翹ĳǳء
ǻ󣬾˶ĵˡڲŶԣûΪСȰ˶ȳǻٴǾȡʤ˿Ҳͬ

֮Ҫľơ²ȹ̡
֪޷ȰֻõУּǰּ
µġ
³հʥּأʲôʲô³϶ʦ
ص̾һ˵ҲҪȥΪ뿪أ
ٴ̼ͷͷбɡͲ˵ˡ
ʵּ⻹ûѾСˡǰȥˡ
Ƿӭǡ
ӭĴëӳȥǡӻҲë²ߣӭ˳ҲԸӻ
Ǹ̾ѰӢۣҪиأ
ʹ˵Ϣ
ǵ̾
Ҫȥˣ
ҰģԹȻ˭֪
ڻʵʧ£ʧǾˣɼģ
ӭҲһ̾̾ߵ£˹֮ҪȥʴǵΪζ
һϲ֪һµĺ⣡סȥ·䣬߰ƪպµ֮ˣ
ʾҪӭһȥ
ӭʹͬȥͬȥ
־˼ʮˣ˺üֵĻᣬһ£ѵģ׼ãһ˳ӣƺƵȥˡ
³һ൱ۣ³׷󣬺ƺƵģڹ
Ǻͷӭ಻Ѵ֮ҵ³ݣҲ֮Χ˹ݡǨӭ׵ܵܣԼǳҵļ
ǵҲǺƺƵ߶ɳӻͷ֮ͨ󣬴ݺͷǨӭˡ
ݼӳķӭ࣬һ仰ǣҲˮ֮ɽȥˣ¶ɾƷɼֶˣ
ӭྐྵȻƾС˼һ񶼲һˡ
ӭƵĴĻö䶼ˣǫĹһ־ˡ
ǨҲǳ羴úܡ羴ǰ漸綼군ˡ
ɸʤաǨҲúܡ
ټǣ׽ˣ˵ˡ
³ɣȿɼ³𣿴Σ
У³Ȼһ۲ŴԡҰĵˣһթƻǸ֮
ǨһۣһЦ
ǨΪǫͣһ£˵³ֱʣСڡ
˫һŶԭǸľӣ
Ǩˣֻô˵
ݺֱӣǸɵӡ
һɫˣǸɵӣ
ôǰʵɵˣ³Ҳɵˣ
ݺͷǨ̴Ц
ǲ֪ˣԳЦŷӦ
³ǼۣǸ
ȵǺͷӭһ³˵³ʱû취ʱϡ·׹
ݵȵƻ裬ԶԶһȺ˻󺹣ǳ˵һˣȶѼܲͷ°ͣü̶ۣߣһƤɹþ࣡ڣһֺ
ӶɳˣԱߵķǨʶˣ費
תͷʷӭࣺ࡭ɣ
ӭİֹòʤˣôһ³ô
ӭҲĶ³ն˵òɣ
Ǩȵһ¡ʵûƯеŮĶûСľܻǾ˵ƸŮò
ҡ
˵ʱ˵ˡ
ӭ඼䰲ֹɣǸöÿ
ѧ۳ǡޱˡ
ܵһ֡ޡһʡˡɼòεȲ
Ҳɵøʹڵհֹ³ʱ·Ӧ빫ס죬Ҳһ÷ݡ
һ㣬³òӲˡ
˲ɵöһԡ
Сݴ³֮ӡ
ǨҰ⣬ĸΪ澣丸ȴ޷š
Ƕ³ľһ֪Ժôλģ
ӭ಻ɵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ǵȻǹ
ǨΪӭĹϵ³Ҳ൱ϤӦ˵䶼ΪӭĹϵ³棡⼸˳ѧѡ³
ȥ˻˵³죡ûһڵġȥ˾Ͳϻˡȥ³һþ
ʱǨ³ܼ鳼ֹʱܼλ׵Ϊ̫ӣ³
Ҳǹٷ˵ġ
ȥκ֣˻һ˵Ӧþˡ
ǲɵöԷӭ̾ŮȻ壡³ڵ˷̨һһΪı
ӭһΪ˽ģ
ֻдžе㲻ԡ
ֹԺܡ
һʼԼ̫ûţѾ˽ڵˡ
ֹһĸˡŮӡҡ˽
ݣ˵ڷ̨һ˽ӣ
һ
ӭຬЦԶ飬ֲʲôݲﻹһˣæǸ
ǨҲԼ󣺡ԼҵĶô˵ɣʮһɣҪæҪˡ
סýĻ
ҲͬǹΪŮ𣿡
Ҵˣ֪ˣ
һֹǱ³ʹǰţ³Լˡ
һ˲Żع
ǨݶǼ³ģֻԽ˾ˡ
ӭº󣬾ͼ³öˡ
·ҲԵ̫׳çҲԵȶ̣βÿͷҲԵôףѬҲˡ
ӭǿͿĵ⣺ġԼʵʱʰɡ
ҡͷҹı£Ͼˡ
ǣ
ղŲŸֹǵ𣿣
ӭϹۡѽ³㲻ȴƺôһ㹫Ĵϡ
Ǿ벻һˣ׵³Ĵ˸Ƿһƣλء
ͱ۾˯ˡ
ǣӭڿڣȡЦ
˿ʼԼҴϿ͡
ŭ˳ûԶͳڶȻǸɵӣ
֪ΪʲôݺͷǨô˵ˣ滰˵ãⲻɵʲôƽʱôιģ
ͻȻסˣסӭ԰³ʢ˽֪³ôǿʢģڼУ³ǿ
Ȼǹ
ӭҡͷ֪
˻ȥҷǨݡǨοǣ˵³ؾ͵ȥһ³ࡣ
ݲ˵Ͳ˷ף
ڶ죬³಻ǹȥɱ³öˡ
ܵǺܵˣ۾Ĵȥ³࣬Ҫ³ܵɣ
߽³೵ݣֻһ˶ϣɫ£ڷƣʤѩĿᣬͿ
ӭǳǳһҾЦʧԶӭĪ֡
ǵҲңҵͻˡ
ӭ˫Ŀ𣬶ǰˡ
Цþ谮ҽգ½


750 ԸΪ
³, һ춼ڲͣ߶˼ˡ, ˼ˡ
߶˾ȥݷ³ࡣ
ʹ³ӡ³Ȼǲɻģÿȥ³˻ܶ, ³Ҳÿ춼пռһղĹȥÿնҪͶĴȥʸأп
п͹ȥ, ûҲŶ
ӭ൹ѵõĳĬ˼˵³, ū, ǲ񡣡
Ҳ̾, ڵĳɾǲˡȻȻĶ´ʮֺǷ߰ˣ
ӭףĳ֪
ǣѽ, 㲻Ҫʮ꣬Ҳ
ӭ൱³ʵ, ơȥ³ʱҪ˵¡
Ӧŵ, ڶվ³Լ³ʵʱ䡣
ĻٿҰ, Ļ, ˵ձ輸ڰ, ȼ
ʹҰ⣬Ҳ
³һˣӭҲһˡ
ص, ³ﲻֹ³, ֣ˡκˡˡ˵ȸʿ, ͬ顣
з̨ˡˡˡӹˣԼӵܡЩ˶ǰȥ³ѧ֮³ΪΪʿ
³߻̫Ӻκ
³࣬
ȴҲηӣ̸˲ףۡ
ĻһʼºͣҷСѻͨһͨ˵һ˵Ȥ·
ӭҲˣС⡣
սȣҶʼȥİУԸ⳩ʱӭʣĳˣ³εأ
׵Ľࡣ
λ̫ӣٳ³ˡλֱЦ
û֪
ӭһѵ̹
ڻأͲˣ
ӭƵ³˵Ϊʥּ³
һصǴˣȡһּּų³ġ
ʲôּأֹ߻ʵѣ³ܾܵȻʵ۵
ּʱ䣬ʵںӹȡ

˳ˡ
ӭ͵ͷ۹󣬻عԽ˵ˣҵʧˡ
˶ĶԽ
һ˾ͲòһվԽ
պʽΪʲôΪ³ȴּ³ǶҪŽ͡
ڶʣӭʵǽ³ˡ
Ϊʲôô³˹ǲв֮ģǲǲžӣ
һʣ𣺡ⶼ˵Ҫߣ׷İաΪ񡣡
˵Ըȥϳߣ뿴쿴죬϶ǰգһĶûС
ӭĵڶҲˣȻûдŭûʧ䣬ǿͿĿ佪ιεúã֮
վ֪ˡ
ӭ˵ʣ̨ϵİֹ׽㣬ôܹȥǲֵʵ۰
˶֪ʵʧ£̨ҲҲڶܵʵ۵ĶϹˡʷҲй·ʱ˾˵ûʵ۾Ϊ˻ʵֻۣܼ죬˶ΪԺܼ죬콵֣ûʵʱӦõǻ
ɣǲȥʵ۰
һ൱ˡ
ѻȸ˶̨ϵĽ
һñ˴
׵ĽƮƮ˵ҲҵĽ㣬Ҫ˵ʵۣѡһѡҽ㡣
׻
ûκ
һĻᶼûС
»Ȼ
ӭֱһ䣺˼ǣԸһΪۣҲΪ𣿡
ͷԸΪۡ
µ˹ЦһӾɿˡ
ʶôû³ʲô£ҲΪ˵ʵġڵõġ֤Ҷܷˡ
³Цء
ӭҲЦŵǣҲԸֹΪۡ
ͷʾǺʹݵҲϡ
ҲŹһԸΪۡ
ݣҲԸΪۣ
һȺ꣬ⳡĻԲĻ
ȵԼҵĳϢʱЦ˵³ڶгΪ˲ʵۣ㶼Ƴˡ
˭ֹ֪һŮ˵ɻʵ
ӭࣺҪϽ³ⷬȥպˣΪȻ
˳ȥͷ磬ܿʿǰˡ
³˵ĶҲˡԸ⵱ʵۣѡʵùʵۡĻ
³ȴ³ӡʮֵĺá
ӭ෴³ǳʹʹҴҸǷǼûãֻ÷ȥ
͸³ˣ³࣬һ·̵ߡ
һ߾Ǵꡣ
Ĵԣ³ǵ˵ʴȥԽԽˣЩ޷ʰ쳼źǻȥ
ǲʣڴʲô˿Цãй乫ӵһټֹǻƵۡǴЦⲻЦ˭ţˣˣ鷳
Բţģ
治Ǽٵġ
ǴҴҴǱ࣬Լ·ʱһҪȥͣһɨԴȻڵ뿪
ȥļѾˣϽ
һ·ӱ޻˼Һ󣬲֪ѾͶżֱӵΪҪһŮΪۣ
ѵ¾ȻûһӢ𣿣Ѷ쳼һƿڴݺᣬҪи֮ϣһкϣ
Ǻò״ӳѣıͶẓ́³Ϊ𣿣
Ѿ˵ѡ³˹ѡ³ءôӣһЩΪ
ɷŭţ³˵ֹײƷǳˣΪۣԸݽ
Ȼ˸ӭţͻˣôΪʲôû⣿Ȼˣ
ӭӵź󣬱߿Цӵһԣ˼̾Ҳ
ӭ಻˶Ȱ˵ֻѾԶķ̨˵ҾͿҪˡôҳʵĹñЬ
ˣм·ء
̨
ԶС˵ҪˣȥʹߣȥӹȰɡ
СҪҪѴӴȥ
ͷȥнաȽԺ˵ȥ㸸ĸЩʱգ̨ʱٸһˡ
ܼĸˣ˵úܡȥһ˵ҽ˵ûȥһ
ؾδĸңѳɣĸ׼ʡ
ҪӦͻͬ˵ɣ
˼
һбүүͬȥҲûҡ
һʼ˼
һ۵ҡҡͷҪѧʮԺٳȥŶԡ˶ˣӦúúѧϰ
ʧСȥˡ
ϣ䣬˵ҾЩԲ˵ˣ
⵹ϡ档ⶮµԵʣСʱݲһ򽪵٣ȴûж߱һָס
ҡͷǡֻǡעܵҸƣӵбҸٵɡһҲ޷ԽĳɾͣһֱӰ¡
öԲŮ
ڣ뷨
պʵ۵ġĶ˵ǲ㲻ġ¸ˡ
Ҫǣ֪ǲԴΪġ
һÿ춼ſֵ£һΪҰĶ㡣


751 ³֮ı
һ, ԽԽ˵ǵϢ˾޴ķ졣
Ϣۼһ³Ǵ˷ӵ˳Я, ƺƵ಻ӿȥ
ָԽԽ࣡ЩҲߣĻᣬټ
Һ, ʿӿֵһ
Ǳֻװÿڳ, ҳȥ
ô죿ʽǣﻹ𣿡
Ц˵ص, 빫˶ܿ
̾Ҳ㣬ҲȲϡ
ǣǫ󾴰, 㲻ѽ
ֻһССԱǰ³ʱԱӻ֣, ڲˣͺʧȥ˱޶ͼ˵ġ
һ, еڡ
뿪³ǰ, һ㶼µġֻҪȥҽˣҲõĵôˣ
, Ǿòʹ졣
㲻᲻ҪҰɡҲǴˡŽ˵
ǰο, ôᵣأİ, ᲻Ҫ㡣
һ, С˵Ҿ, ܿͻˣǺܿͿ뿪Щˣ
ϲ𣿡
Ȼġ
һԺ, մŰֹּ֮ˡ
ԭ³ֹ־Ͳˡӳб, ϲĽ˹ּ֮
ֹ͹ּɲʲôϢ
ּ˵˵ܵˣǳˣǳģȻܵһƬءֻڻʵ£ʱܽӼҲиۣΪĻ졣
֪ܵǲлĵŶ
˲֪
Ϊţܵܣ㲻ܴô³ˣ·
Ȼֹȷʵ˽Եܵܺе̫ˣ
˶̴Ӧ
Ǹּȡһּ˵ˣӦ˵һٸڶ
ڶ͸ˡ
ֹ˵ΪһЩ˵ǰʵ۵ģý֤Լ֮ǰòҪ̨
һط԰
Ǻӹȡ
˵һּͨڶԵö³̫пˡ
ǺӹȸձǸ档ӹɢ³ȥӶûС
ʹĴӦˡ
ּ֮Ǹּʹ߰Լ¹򣬿ڳƣݼף
⾹Ȼ³֮ӣ
´Ըӣ۷׷ס
ӵˡ
ֻФĸ
ĸף
֣ʱҲסʹޡٿһڵĳ࣬˼۵¡
Σ֣Žջصڷ̨£˵һʮϲ֣һͬӣһͬ顣
ʱ£üðҲĸҡ
֣󶼵ͷ
Сһ򶼺á
֣󣺡㰮ء
ְѺӹȵ˵һͨοصģӹ֮ǰߣĸѾѵضˡĸ˵պͰǨ³ˡ
ϲ̫ˣŵʮǰŸңֱˣ쵽ʮˡ
һô࣡
ͷ³˵ȥ̨ʵۣȥˣ³˾Ͷܳˡ
æⶼǵιй³˲أ
üˣ³ʱͳߵʿ̫ʤ̫Ϊλ³˾ȻԸŵǱǺεȵ
Ҳû뵽
ߵʱҲֻ̨İպ˵˲Ÿģһ·³˾ԽԽࡣʢп³طİնˡ
գģǺӹȴأкüأĸ˵ȫǷʵأֺׯڣʮǣҲʮҾſա³˹ȥ˲Ųµġ
ŷģýȥࣺ壬ȺúáһߣǺܵأ
ռˣСģʱΪ굽궼ѵˣˣΪ壬̫ӣĸ˵̫Ӹ̫ϳȥЦ
˲ٸ֣˵䣬ҴҴǱ³ȥˡ
ӳˡຬЦӣý׳ˡڷ̨ϰƽʱʲô𣿡Сʱ߶߶˵˺ܶࡣ
һʼ۸أôСŮӣкö˰۸ң
ıȥˣΪᱻĸͻأ
÷Ц§ļ˵أգĸûйܡ۸أͲ۸ˡҲˣܴҸ
ü궼Ȳе㲻
ļ˵طϡ㲻ͬ˹֮Ůպ󡭡һµſС˵壬ĸ
벻ͨĵط
һ߱ΪҪѡأղ
ࣺΪһϣϿεʱӦѧ
ǰʲôɻʱҲԵ˵ǹ߱ǹӡѡԹΪȡ
µĵ
Ц˵ûΪʲôյȻΪĸҪѡ
ԭҲܿóΪʲôԽ߱Ϊ
ΪĸҪѡ
ĸΪͳ˴
ͬų́ϵ˶ĸģĸ˵ĻǶհ졣
ͷ˵ֻܿǻ벻ͨǾȰĵװɡʮ㻹ýҾ͸㡣
յ˵ͷĬĬĻ
ֹּδ飬Ѿв࣬ҪǻԼס
Ƕڶÿ͵ģŰٰĳ⡣
Ҳ䷳򽪵ͺӹε䣬϶ǲסģ
½³ˣҲһλǫǫӣ
ΰӣӻãȪʳȡм˷̡
ǡաʱ˵ѵҪס𣿻гӺҧĽŵģ
ѵסζ
ԼûŵỤ̊Ƕôʹһ¡
ҪðϪˮͻɶļ
ڶҪˣ͸ﶳɪɪֻܱȡůȻţȴҲѹ
һٸȰȰ
绪˸Ӧȥסˣ
ôգĳһ˵Ѿˡ
һëûʣ¡
̫κʹ֪١
κ˵ˣûͷӬһĴת޵ÿ
˵磬̫κʹ˹ȥҹ˵ˣסˡ
ȥŷֳͿˡ
أǵ̫򰡣ȥˣ
˳Դ˵߰ɣ³Ӧˡ
⿴һۣ˶еʴӵĸо̾˿óϳ԰˵³һߣЩ³˵ǳ鷳
ʿޱ޼ʵ³ˣ˳˼
³Ŀ֮һΪ˲Щ³˽
ֻҪ˶죬Щ³û˳Եģ䣬ֻ˻³ȥ
ûϵ³Ȼ°һ֮
Щ³˾ͳ鷳ˡ
û³죬˭ǻ³أ
һֱԼΪܱ߸ǵĸСô³ȫͷƤ顣
ƾ³ɡ
̾˿Դ˵ҪϿؼұšߵ壬³ޱֻıԶ
ôһܣͰӸǡǿܻҪȥ³ԼЩա


752 һ
ֹǰһ˷, ˲ý뿪ǵǲǵģ
ܶ̾׷ȥ
׷ǲ˼, ϶Ǻӹȣ
³˵Ķ̫ˣ;еĳǶ֪³ȫ£Լȥӹ֮ȫܾС
ᷳŲݰһ³˵, ľܵĹȥĥʱˡ
ȳǵ, ֪Ϣ·ϻȥֻһȺһûͷӬ³˵ëһ
³أѲ³ҲˣŴŭǳΧתôأ
˶׷³, ǴС͸ӭһ𳤴ġ͸˳ñ, ѧߵˣ
ݹ˲ϸЩ˶˵ʲô, ˻عľӳǣԼ³
, Щµ³Ѿˡ
ǿ³ˣ³ˣֹ, ɾͳʸ֮ˡ
ݿʼˡ
֪ӭ, ϾǴСһ𳤴, һ
һأ˺³ˣ᲻ᱻ, Χأ
Ǻпܵġ
, ³˵ı
һг̲סֵģ
˼, ¶ټˣǸΪ֮ˣֻҪûߣ˹
Ҳ֮ˣһ룬Ʊ仯ҲԸһĸ߼
λ׹Ҿ񣬡³˵ʧ٣ҿթλǰ̣λߴͽ̡
ʶ߳ˣǱ˸˻
ֱԡ
˵ǰ޹ָ̡
޹뷨βֱ棿
˶֪³˵ʧٿ϶ģҲ֪Щͣ³˻ɴ鷳ǵ˶뾡ȥţøӦԡ
ûʱ˷ѡ
ݿһ۰ʣ֣ԭƽްϡһȦ֪Ҷ³Ϊ࣬һȰܶ³˶һ
˶ˡ
վȥ޹кԾ䣬ԭһϻ
˶ԴݲݲݵĹ֣ʹû³ˣ
ݣû³ˣֺαظ³˵أڼұҵĽȾȡֲ𣿡
³˵ǰ಻³ˡ˶೤·ж³ˡ
Щ³ûиֻ߳˫ߣϼҴڵĸ³˵ұ硣
Ǵʱ񣬵Թʳ֮󣬾ͻǡ
ʱ⣬о񽫲ٳǡǳţΪһеָǺã
Щ˲Żһ·棬ڰڵȥ·³˽˻³ȥ
³˵ǳĪ⣬ݵȲҶ䣬ȰԣֻС̽սսؿš
һ֮֮ǰΪޱ˶ϵ׷϶³˵ıԼĳֻܺϽϢͻȥ
ڴƫƫһӬͷСǣֱЦˣ
ʴݣ³أ֮أ
ݺĻӴˣȻҵİոء
ȻˣҾɱϼٸ³ˣǸϻ³ȥкξ壿һ˳ŭȵ³˵ƻȲϧЩ³ˣֺαعϧ
ݳĬ
ܵЩ˵ֱɰֹӭඨµĶơ
Ҳ˵ЩǷšҲûôĺķҪ˵ǲɡ
ȲţԿȥݸϿˡ
͵ˣϿͣµ˾̫ˡ
ʱݲݸǺȥˡ
ϵ˼߿ˡ
תͷʻڣֵδߣʿΪҾô˵е
ղݵĻ󣬾ƳǰϣͻȻʲô
֮ǰһֱΪ³˵ص㡣
ڿص㷴ЩƵ³ˡ
ݣҲûеڶ仰Ҫֵ߰ˡˣ԰ʹֵһҪ£ͲˡȻԼˡ
ʽ׷ʵ֣ʴ˼˺
ݻͷ
ʼ˵¿ңȴоֻ֡ǲ֪Ǻ˲̣
ӻʵ֮󡭡µǻһǧ֮չҡ
ԽԽ˵ˡ
ϸǧڣչҶԻ֡
һڣЮء
ʵӹȣ顢ҲҾӣͼ¡
û顢ǰƽްҲӵء
ղõЩΪʲô³˶һ
޷ضѡ
ֹһѡ
Ҳƽһء
ֻµҾǱһߵġ
³˵ʧ٣³˽ңδң
ʱгǳ³ˣϻ³ɱ˷ǻʲôĶ
иĳǹ³ˣ
³˹Ȼ޴
ʵԾıˣ̨ϵİֹҵȡ𣿡
Цһ£ǰߣ̨ѾףˡĳҶˡ
Ƿӭڶ԰ֹƳ籶ȳ棬ûм
ǲٽֹһŮ֮ˡ
λȥĴ˷˳
ƽ޶ȥ
˲⣬޳˵ʲô˵£ղżȥ˶һŭݣҪôͲмһˣڳЦݡ
ôҵ˳һδӣ
һֱͣЪϢҹʲŴӳ˼л
˸պԣϢ
ʹ˲ϳԷд̾Ҫдš
ֻƣ̰Ѿó̷ڰϣٵó㡣
ʴҴдţھͻȥӡ
º󣬰ʲŸϻƽޣһ·߻ȥ·ȫ³ˡ
Щ泾ЯϣǶУһȺϣŲ֪Ŀǰ
һ˲òܿЩ³ˣǻᱻ³Χ·ơ
϶ҧ󣬺ûѵһȺǡ
ʹʵĻȫǾҲ·ϵǧ³෸
е˶̲סԹӬ󣬽񣡡
Ʒ٣סĴߣ㣡ٿ㣡
Ϊ³ˣοĪǣƽĳǶʮ˸³ٶ࣬ҲѺᣡЩ³Ӭ֮ǲƽ˺ġ
ʿЦҡͷֻƽȺ³ˣ´
˸ҪЦˣѵӻҪ³˵Ϸ̨һʵ۸״𣿡
ǰ
֮ǰԼôġ
кοɾ壿£ѵƽƽ£Ҳ˰ڲ
֮ǰǱ˼
ǲȥҲκ۸ƽޡƽԺ󣬽ܾ֮
֮֮ǰͽ̵콵֮Ȼƽպ֮Ψһգ
ƽҪ֮أҪ֮
Ȼӹһ޵ּ֪֮çˣͱʮҾſա
ʵ˵ӹ֮µʱ򣬾ëȻ˵ʵ۾ȻǸɵӣ칫³ʮԸ̨ĺˡ
Ψһֻ֮µҾֺʱܽ⣿Ӣʱ֣
뿪ƽ֮֮·˼
ƽ֮ܶ
µҾ֣治ڱ˵
ƽ֮С֮ƴ
Ϊ̣ƽҲһѡ
ٿЩҪؼҼʴ߱Ƶ
ĩ۶ʮƽްͳ⣬н̽ʮϮ³ˣ˫̽ӣԳ³Ϊͳǽ³ˣΪ³
³Ѷڷ̨ʹʳ³ֻ֮Ը³Ϊ
ƣд壬ʿٰ֮ϡ
ʿͳǣó̽ն֮


753 ϯ
ƽޡָڵͼϡ
û뵽ƽޡ
Ҳȷʵ
ô, ߱ĵͼѾ൱ȷˡ
ټռĵϢۺ, Դ˵Ȼˡ
ƽطӹȲͬ, ȻҲǲĵطƽ޵عϡ˿Ⱥӹٵöࡣ
ѡ￪սôƻС˾ӲܣתŲʩչ
ƽޱ񻰺ռϢ, ƽ޵ļƽʱٽӴҲ١
ôǴصϵһ, ҪҲסû취һ򾡣ֻһ
ƽȻعϡ, Ƕչúܴ󡣴˿ϡٵԭΪҹ׳ˡ
̨Խĵطҷ̫šԽ߻ʵԶҾͻ޼ɵ
⵱Ȼлġ
ΪԽ, ᷢչŻԽ졣ū࣬ᷢչͻᵹˡ
ݹӦԷ̨Ϊĵķ⽨ƣԶΪĵūᡣ
칫Ϊ׵ķ̨ѾԶԷĿʼƻȨ, ӻʵרȨȨ
ڷ̨, Ϊ׵ļȴԽԽϰڸԵС֮
ǲ, ǵԴ޵£˿ںͿ˿ھǱˡ
ʣܴ𣿡
ֻҪʼ򣬾ͣˡ̾һ
ߵһˡ
һ
ɹˣﵽĸ߶ȣʧˣᡣ
˶ɹ
ԼȴԽԽ
ҹ䷢ֽڴϣˣǰУվڵͼǰķŴ
߹ȥ׶ںʲô
ϣ
丧ĸ첲Ƕ㡣治ֹ³˰㣬Ҳ㡣Ǻõģǻġ
ÿһγȥ̡ܶ
Ůǰʢ𣬽ϵŮŮٶʼ³Ƶʼѧ³ؿ˵
ÿ춼ӿֵ̨أ밤ĵطֵأΪ˵ܴգ
ƾ׬һͷڣⲻʿӵ٣Թҫ鹣
ʿǶʼѧϰ³֣ͨԣĹ١
Զĵطÿһ¶⡣ðܵ˰ˣʤʤˡûһ˵
ʱҲỳɣǲŮԲŻǸطǼȥ
ϣоųɵǰաҿǰҵҸŵͼѾ֬ǣְȥġ
ʣµһ˲ǲתĹؼ
ģǳġ૵ڰˣ½һԳɹѭ𣿡
ת
һֱóľƻ
µģ˵Ƿǳİġ
ĶԱ£ǾƶǸõģΪû˰ŮӵѻСи᳤
Щûд۵ġͨƾƶȡԴֲϣ֤ǵĻߴǸĽɫзܡ
ΪĽ׼Ƿѵġ֮Ĳϡ
ֻҪѰŲȫĵطȥǴ˵ĻǾͿѸٰ
˵ʵûʲô̫ı仯
˵ȫͬˡ
ǵĵλǵȨƣԼн
ƵǾ֮Ǿ㣬Ŀڱǡ
µƶȥ
ĸɹ
仰˵ʮ֮һĴ
ֱڴһҹȵԺǻȥϴ£Ѿںˡ
ûǸ˳ݾĹ
ֻ׶
ŵܹܵ״ӵڳ߱˹ȥס׵ȣڸ׵Ľϡ
ףҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷá
߱ҪҪҲ
ҪҪȥĸ¡
Ц˵ǵܾܵȽˣɡ
͸ܵ뿪ĬĬ룬ܸء
Ц¶ˡ
ڣʾΪѾûʱ䵥Ͽˣ쵽ܲöȫȥ
ҲûжǣסעĻԼһ취
Ѿ֪ˡ
ĹĹţֱǲŹ
ⲻǽҪģԶԷġûһİֿ߱ˡ߱ոսʱĹѾһ㶼ˡ
ƽֻ½ջᷢսд֪ͨĳǣߴǨưɡ
ëӦŵ׸ջЩϣǾûзԡֻ֪ȥӹȵʱѾַ˼¡
ȵеݸһ䣬ΪʹˣͿԻؼˣëѵǻߣҪд׸æץס׳š
׸ҲҪΡ
˻ȥһ緹ë칫Ρ
Ȼ׸ɫ֪칫ضûµġ׸磺лţʦŻáҽʦǵʱ֪˾ڹӦǡ
ëѾȵѵǰ֪׸ҡҡͷ֪ǣû뵽ѾΪˡ
ëѶ֪ǹ٣
׸ͷǡǵʦֶҵʮ߷ס
Сҵ඼Ҫʦ壬СһĻҪʦүүء
СʱûٸЩСӴܡ
ͨᡣû취˶ࡣ
˴ȥ״Ǳ顣
˭ûűˡ
ֹˡӵ٣ŮҲˡھη٣ר˾ɡӺӹȻ·˳ȥһӦǿ޶ס˰ſϻ
ë񣬡ôѵ³̹ٻкü֣
׸ͷǣеķרˣеֻͨաǰֻҪͷİӡ
ӻط̨񫣬ϸߣŬֶһҲСǱϻġ
ë˾ͷЦ񰡡
׸統ˣŭôˣ
ĳգͻȻһСŶʱͽпˡĻƹ˲أЦÿļˡ
ΰ׸ôܾСֺ֪űûģ˽µôһ·ŮӵС
һͨ˵ЦǲǿԿʼɻˣǶëָɹء
ʰɫһĿʼ
׸£ëѾͽߺһһ
ԭ³ȥӹȡ׸ĵԭôġ֮ǰĺӹȵǸӣָǰķûʮǲܵġ˿Ҫӡ
ӹ
׸뵽ðһ㼦Ƥ
Ҳδ³
뵽˵Ļ翴׼ˣһ󣬿϶ضӹȥ
еľëѣÿһǶдһ𣿡ëѵͷд
˵Ͳ֪ˡҲѾϰ˷̨ķ񣬷࣬ռϷ֮󣬵µĶࡣ
ʵҲôûð
ƽޣϡ
ԴӻĴߣȻһʰ
ô˵ŭֹ˳ЦΣûá
ֹһŮ֮
ˣָѡ
ĸ׶ΪɵˣĿʼη֮ˡ
пʼ˳ȥ𿿽ƽ޵³ˡ
Ǹг̽ͶŵģֳûʲôôĻȻ鵽ͷȥˡʹ϶ʮ˳ȥˣһȥ첻ʱȥֻϴˣˣǾȻǿӻˡ
̽˵ȥ³ˣϷ³ΧסܣЩ³ȴײ
Ǻòӳġ
ȥĶҲ֧ϮȻ̽һôң³ȷʵ뺷Ǽ䵥ǳȺӡ
ǳʰ
˵ȻǳҲȰסˡ
г̽Ǹ˾ȻڳеĻϴ³ˣ׷͸ӵΡ
Ļдģ͸ֹʹֹߡ
ϣֹ̬
˿ƽӾȻһȥ۸һˣ׷ǡ
ԼӵüţǷ¡Զǰʣô£
ͼŷҪ鷳öࡣʱٱѾˡǲ³ˣ۸ֹ
ⲢǵıⰡ
˴ӳн߳̽պͻ̽۶ϵĽմȾѪͷ󣬰ͼȷ˶ڰͼ԰ͼҲ
ʵĴ󲮣ͼҼ˵Ұϱضʾ


754 ƽ¹
ƽޡ
·ߵ, Ѿͳ, ͸Ϊֵŵ, ϣȰһȰ׺ͼˣдһҲá
ûлӦ
졣
ۣȥˡ
磬𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪˫ֻ֣ûбİ취ˡ
˾ðеڵˡ
ҰͼƽѾǵһȵļ, 벻˭ܶԼﲻ˵, ʣµļ嶼Сĺ, һһٸ˶鲻ǾǼ, ǼҵҲɵĸɵǡ
˽˵
ҡҡͷҵĵĲǡ
ˣ㵽ڵʲô嶼Ϊвˡ
ʲô
ʵԼҲ˵塣
³˵ͻȻʧٺʹݵĻͣԺת
֪һ֡
ֲֻ԰ͼҶ衣ˡ˭Ͷ
˭ǲپֵأ
ǰֹ
˵, ڸǰ, ԼĻܼš
һ, һŮ, Ҫˣͼʲôأ
ѵҪΪ, ǻ
Ļ󣬲²ⰲֹĿӦ
ǡ
һСѵҰ𣿡׽һ١
ΪǼƣͼҲ塣ηηβ, ͼҲƽ޳ۡ治η, ѵһҪ
ͼҲҪ³ΪСֻЩ³˲ٴƽͨѡ֣صĸ, ƽ޾ǰϵΡҪƽ£
ʱ׽ѵԺҲΡ
ĲûϣܶһЩˣ˶³˶ֻϣɱˣǰͼҲӦô
Դӳ̽ɱ󣬳ж³˵ĶԽԽͼҲѰ֧ˡ
ɳȥѲߵĶ鿪ʼǺ³˷ͻʤ
ʿ˵³ȫǿ׳ӣȻһʼûаģ
ٳʱǹ뱸ҪѲߣǴ̡
·Ѿ³ˡ
ÿ춼³ˣ̧·ס복ȥ·³˴Ǹ߹·һߵģ˳Ǯ·ҲС
ֻߡ
֪еľӳȥɱٳٲ˻ɱˣԴ³ˡ
ƽޱаϡϵ壬ΪԶһҲ޽顣
Ϊ³ˣҲſʼ
֪Ѿݷøˡȴϲţƽʱڽҵǰ˵ʲô
Ѿˡ
ʸеΡ
ˣڴʱ˿̻ڸ鷳Ǿ̫Тˡ
˼ûע⵽ԶΡȴѾܹ˵磡ˣ쿴
Զһǰ߰˸
ߴкʵֻ֪һʹìӵܡ
˻ؼͣһ֮ꡣ
ּ룬ӦǡֻһպȥͱȰСһЩͬһ·ΪܣưΪ֣൱
ֲϽͼҡ
ûǿֻȻˣһ·ǶƽޱˣʲôΪֻܱ֮ҵɡһˡ
Ȼʮ֮˲ŷ֡
ʼ˵ĳԶȥ˳ô˸Ͻؼȥ
ⲻơʼ׾¡
룬˶ϵͼͣȥҲ壬ֻ˵гţľͲ͸¶ˡ
ʮ־˾Ͷһۡ
ֻҪûɱڣȥ֪ġĸЦһ㱻ϣ˶Ϳˡڿҵĺöӣ
ǣûͼȰסԼ岻£ôøأѵֻƾƮĵ
Ļ˵ĻˡΪǸû̫áǸìϵӵܺܿӭˣƽϡ
˵պ󶨻лȻѰͼһߣìϵ˴ˡ
ͼû˷ʱ䣬ʵĸ̾ɼӵǰȥϰݷˡʱ򣬰ͼҿ϶κβġ
޼Һ˼£Ÿ˰ͼһ³˷ͻİͼ֮⣬ƽҶӵѵġȰ桱
Щ廨ţ׹ʾɣҲдû棬ûʶֻ񽻵ѡϵԶнһ⣬ǶΪƽ޼սȰЩƽޣ𴦶һ¡
ӹǰ֮ڣӹûһҴ棬ɼյĲҡ
޼ҽյ·ѵȰ֮ʮԥǺͰͼһԼʵۻƾһ˵ʵֻۣ뱣û׳һƣü¸˶ѡ
ڼͼҸ³гͻҲıǣȥټҰǨҲһ׵£ûô¾ġ
޼ȥ֧Ǩȥֵ֧ܣ֧ҲǨȥ֧ʣµĻվƽޣסҵ
ѾԺǲŸͼһš
ͼ֪Ժȫ񶯡
֮ԴӵõϢշתߣڴˣ
͵ز
ֹһҰԼӵߣѪƽ޸նʼӵܳǡղ֮Ҳʼӡ
ƽ޸̽ˣ
ԽץԽࡣԽǽˣԽҪӡ
ǲѿʼԷն֮󣬳ж׳Ѱ浽Ҫʱʿ
տ캰أŮҲ޷ӹⳡѡ
Ҳٳˡ
ĽϣսսҵĻҲʼڵε廹ǲ壿
յĽ۶ǲܿͷΪʲôҲ³廹ǲ壬Ѿˣû취ͣˡ
ٰͼû취ͣˡ
ͼѾݲ֮ء
ȥףڷŭ
ȥѯĸףĸ̾޼ҵǰ㸸ϴǶΪڵ㸸׵ĴʶʱײϴͼҲڴʱͷǵͷͼҾҲƽ޴ˡ
ĸ£㸸Ҳ֪˯žͳ̾ܵ
ʺ¸Ծһ˱һСǰȥףȥ³˵֮ʲôãʣ˵ҵȶ³˲޶⣡֮ǰʧ֮ȥˡ
ҲǸ취
֮ûп̫þʹӦˣʱ׼ӣһ·Сġ
ƽ£ȡҰ֮صĲֹһȥԺʲôϢͲҪˡ
ʾֵĿ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ֻҪܻȥҰϾһ˿Ѫ
뿪ƽޣ;һ·̶ӣؽŵ
˰ͼҲŷƽ޶ڴ˵֮񶾣ϲǸ³ˣǰ³ɱһ
;Ҳ׷ˡӡҲˡ
Ǳ뿪ƽ޺󣬱ͽҴϢȴƽܻͼҵ׮׮ǰͼҲ֮١
Ȼ縸˵ƽ޲ֹһҪͼҵ
ʱ䣬ͣϵ˺ӹȣ³˵
³˵ʱסںӹҾլҲյй
˴ȻưЩѾǺӹȱķˡ
³ȴ˵³˵;Ͷ٣ļͣ¡
Ҳûá
ʵ£Ȼ³˵ۼȥ뿪ƽѾаˣÿһնĽƷ١˼ף˼磬ȸˡ
ڣ³˵Ŀ뵽˼
һ³͹󣺡󴹫ȫ
Է˵³˵ʵǺӹȰҵҵ³˵ÿնҪæµҹϢ
ʲô£˵һ˵
Ҳ˲ʲôˣ³˵û³ྫԲ˵ͨ³˵ֻȫࡣ
ҲǽƱ磬ϵ³˷ͻʵǰͼҵĳǾȶ֡߻ˡǰͼҲԣԸͼ³³˵ܿˡϡ
˵꣬º͵ȻӳϴᵱΪˡ֮Ȼ԰ѰʷοһжҪվʹȥ³˵
ƣӷľǡ
Ȼһж˵ô˳ʼ³˵³˵˵ͼ˺³ˣȻŭǸҲ˵ͣ³˵ϢŭԺ͡
ʻ³˵һη뿪ﻹ̻Ȼ·һ
ûˣ
ҹζ࣬ϲƽޣںӹȳǮٿĻᣬʿǰĻϽ³˵ƽްϵǰһһ
˼׷³˵ӹȵĸҶ֪ƽ޵ϢԼǧ׳֮٣Ķ
ߣء
ϻؼҹֿ꣬˼Ļ׼ǻؼҡ
ںӹҲͨĻʶѣһһ֪˺³˵У˱
̤Ϲ;һȥţΣѽ⣬һ͵ˡ
ȥ·룬ȴһǱļֳ֣·ס
˺ۣл׵ܣӴĺӡִżҾ棬һȫδ
ô£ʱ³ס׵ܣǰ¿ȴûпĸӰ
ӹ¿ߣ׵ܽͰ͵رס˵ǡǶǻˣ
ԭڰҺ󲻾ãϵƽƣҪͼⲻ֮
ͼȻϡ֮Ծ
ϵȲ㣬ưͼҡ
ͼ֮£ΪԱϵȿս
ƽϵһ𣬰ͼұΧ˳ǣ߸º󣬰ͼҳͶȫԲãŮһ
ǰЩ˶ǰͼҿ鲻ãΧǰ˸͵͵ͳġһֱţֱҹȥǲŰʶ
ʹ飬ֵ޶ת˺ӹȡ
ƽްͼҵĲ¶ʱӹȡ
Ժʿƽһ̽ԣƽްѻһ
ʵ˳𲻱ĲΪˣʿΪͼұԸȫΪūʿΪƾġ


755 뽭
ƽ֮Ѿۡ
Ϊ, Ĵ棬ֻͼұ
ûӦ, 칫
˸ʳ, ȥţĳǮƣĽȨ, ηǿȨ, ֻҪҵ, ˵ͼҵĳܱˡ
æĴ, շת෽ż˻šһӢ, ̹¿ҳ
岻ݴ, Ӧˡܾ˰ʴȫΪū, ˼壬ͼ
ֻҪʰƽ޵һһ, ȥ
ʾһһʮĶ, ǿںδ, л͵ȻܶгĬƽ޸ǵҪͼ
űȥƽޣԺһֱû, ֻϢﴫǱȰϵǼҶҹŻȻƽ޼ǶҹϮ, ˳ǿ, ⶼ, ֱȵȡ
ԽԽ࣬ʧ˰ͼҺƽ޸˭Ҳ˭ҳһࡣ
̨˵ˣٿĻᣬλʿ̸ʢƵֻص˾ʱ⡣
̬̾ƽ˷ʢ
ΪӺӹȵ̨ǳƽķβ˲Щ
ëҲ˼Ȼͻ굽ڶ޳ɹһЩٶ޷رܵǣȷʵ֮кô
ĸдһ㡣ǰܲ⹫Ϊʲô԰պãҲãιܰæңܹӢɣһҲܰȫµ¶ˣҪİֻСڵңߵ˻µңʱնԸҵֶΣտ϶ᱻҼɵδͳǲġ
ڴǹԴˡ
äӵġûб򵥵ˣԵ½̻Լվͻᰲҵˡ
ɹȴһֱ뷽跨ĸմõЩ³ɲֹջһ˼ʵǽڣðı²ַ
³ǰķֻоָ֮ҡūС
ڹ³ɰѰҲˡ
ڶ³ɺȷˡ
³Ŀ֮٣
ǰȫƾԱһġȴˣԱҲ
ɲС
Ա񣬹áְΪɱ١

ι١
֮ɣС
³ɱգƹԱȨ԰˵ΥֻҪ³ڵ̷вɱ
ԹԱ˵Υɶֻһ³
ԣëѶ³ɺŵǲѡ
ڹУֹǰµЩ³ɣķĹԱʿҲ֮¡
԰ΪŮΪܡ
ҲǱ
ʱ̶ŷȨˡ
ܶԣ֮µĹҲ̫ƽ
ûԤϵȥչ
̨ӹȣϴض䵽֮󣬺ƽˡ
ŬǸ·ͨԴḻ֮£ӵкܿ뿪ˣǻȥƽ¹ʡȻǰ̨ΣǰӹȾƽޡ
һƽޣͷ̾þ͸ˡ
꿴кӹ£ӹȵһ죬Ѿˡ
칫ӹȰգԸںӹȣϹںӹȣӦ빫ص֧ţټԴԴӹǮӹȲˡ
ӹĳũ︴չ䲻ɣԸˡ
칫˳ѵ껮ʮȫ˵ˡ
ͷֶΣһķڷġ
ο֮ǰѸͷǫ̈̄״ˡ
ȰЩˡֲ˼顱
ļﻹһٶ˼顱ءëѼҡҶУֻҪ˵ߣǾֻܡ˼顱
ڿҲػȥˡ
³ԼѺӹ³˵ġ
ǶʮλԴֻ³˵Ժ³ӢǾͶˡ
Сˡ£߲֮µ֮ߡҪȥҪҪһëѾҲվ¹ڣк£ȻҪȥǻ͸װɡ
ЦȥҪ١
ëһͬӹЩ˵Ҳˡ
£˵Щ̫ˣ۸̫ˣôȰǻ̫䵭ˡ
Ǹôأ˷׷׵Ϊ£ЩܺȻǹĹҲû취ڳ˹ܸһ˭أ
ɣӵ˵󣬴Щ˼ǹһڵǰϧ
ôһ󣬹ôܲأ
;ݣͳ
ʹ꣬˹ݣɽꡣ
һò̫ͷģ˾ҲҳһѵˣϡͿĹˡ
ܴ͵ͣסܴ͵ӡûлƼҵӺãͻȻ߲ˣ
ߣȻҪȥǣ;ĻȴС
ܲо߰Ǿ̫֪ˣ
һǣȾһ𾪣ΪҪߣѲ̫֮Сƴҡͷǰ
ʣС
ƴҡͷǣ
ʣӳС˷ҡͷԲǣ
ܵļʣǲӹûдūʴҪҪūͣ㡣
һŮ澰ˡ
һŮߣǰŻؼҺž˵˴̰Ĳء
ŵøϽūʹȥƹ˵ҪߣصǾòң̫ˣεأӦøϽȥһȡ
Ǻܵ򵥣׼ƷȥŮһΰɡ
ˣ
꣺ĪŮã
˼ҡͷ
ŮЩһ⣬˵᲻ڼˡ
Це˵ǾͶӹɡ
ˣ
꣺ӲססҼҡ
Ȼܵ˴ɨᣬȥӹȽˡ
ֻܵллƹ
ߵģвߵġѾƳǸӣȥ˵ҪǮˣȻӹôƣؽǮ˴Ҫ
Ǳˣһġȡ޶ȣȥ˾ͲҪˡ
ߵ˾˸߲ҵˣסڹ͵Ĵ˾λ˵ôҲݿԳŽˡ
˵ô򣬷̨Ǻܰȫġ
½Ա
ӹȡ
յӹʱ̫ˡǳķҲ඼Ƶģո·ûС
ԾǣǶסﶼԸסӡ
Ǹ칫ͷҪһˣһЦͽϲ
һμǰ˺üƪ£ģҪԻĻʱαҲ̫
Ҫǲܶ
ûϵ칫ͰǶЩƽʱȥʺã칫úϢ
ȹöˣ
ڽѧѾܸˡÿæýŲմأ칫ķԸȥģÿ춼ʹĵܵöܺá
ֻ뾡ȥ㡣
칫ɵҡͷʧЦ˵빫ȫͬ
üһԡ
ף˵᲻ᡭ
칫ĵһۣ֮𣬲ɺԣ
Ͻٹϴ
칫ҲʵҲÿԷ顣
빫һ³
ѡһѽԹ֮¹
ƫƫܵ䱦·Ͳˡ
ֻ
Фĸ³˵Фд¡칫Ե
ŵŵػ׿ڳ壡
칫ͷһҪŽ
̵칫
һ۾ܿ϶ûܹͳǸ³ֳĴ߰˳档
ȹ׼˰ѽе̨ʱ϶ҪʵȨǹı֮мҪһʧ
˵³Ե֪֮ˣںӹȣ֪ҲǴɵ˷̨Ժ󣬾Ͳ֪ˣû飬ʶ֣ٱҪװҲҪװô£
칫ĵȥأƽ޵ڻûءڽѾ䵽ˣ¼Сǹһ۷ҲͶˣڲͶҲضҪͶġ
Ƚսһµʱ
̧ĿԶʹҲõʲôΡ
ķ̨ӹȡΣû֪ô£ֻ֪һһˡ
ʮذ½˼ɿڡ
ֱƽɡ򽭡ƽȼءСٴУ׷ʹĴԮ
ӹҲϢ֪ѾսԶƽ޵¹ʸľ
ɽϸء
Ǯ˳˴󴬣ûǮСۡ˼֪˳˴Ϻĸ
ɹϰɢӣСǳСȻҷǣֲܾ⣬ֻܽճţĴԮ
һʱ֮䣬Ԯŷ׷׶䣬ĸÿղӸʮϰٷģ
̨ҲϢëҲ̽
ɢ£ѡַ壬ڱذ仧
üЩ̫ˣֻ֮ҲŲôˡ
ëҲΪȫ²ʵ
ɲòŵٸϻȥܾëѵֱɣҧ٣ն١
ѡεؽ壿
ȻǾͽ
£ԼϹҴܡȻѡ˾סĵط䣬Ǽ̿أ޷ݡ
ȹһ֪ܳɻӡ
ŷֹȻȫ£
ֻɻ
ûгԵĹ˶춼ˣ췢߲˸࣡
õİ취סɿڣٷŴͣǵͷȥ
֡ھ£ʲôʲôֲ˳ԲˣֲݳԲݡԱ߾ǽ㣬ȫҲǵһ ָһ㣬ôҲܻɡãܻˡ
껹˵⣺Ӷʳ𣿵ûʳʱоͻᷢĲˣ
ǲͣǻؽȥͲᷢӶʳ𣿡
Ȼ
ֻһʱѡҲҪǰЩղһǰѣôƻȥأ
ëѸ˺ü죬߸ִһǣ˭˵˭
һջƻ裬ؼ;ͻȻ׹
ëѽ빫˾Ǳߵֻͽ˰ɣ
ëȻ״
Ҫһ뵽ˣ
ëѹԹϴ򣬵ƹǱ̨Ҳһµ·̣ϢʱѾˡ˵񽨴ˣֻ¶ɿڶ˼
һĴơ
ëѣҪ򽭱ӽϹȥġΪ񽨶ɿڣպ˴ȥģ֪˭ˡ
ܴ죬˶ûˡ
ëȰοƹϷˣգʴȡ
̧ۣݺݵָ˵Ϳĳ󣡡
ëεΪǹġҲ˼Ϸ𣿿ʼΪƹҲϷϻƹȻȰɹģƹҲǿˣ´ƹиôȥˡ


756 ֮ʿ
·, һߡ
վֱ, ǿߵҰ, ŵܵܺ߹ȥǰȻ, ũڵɻ
һ, ܵܺһ·ڵϲɵҰҰ˶ӽҲдˡ
үүڸɻǹָԼҵ˵ѲݰһΡ
Ͱѿ, ܵܺһҰݡ
ܵܺͷһģһź, ˶ΪŮ
Ůÿ¿Զһ, Ǻöܳ֡Ҫʹ, 粻Ů, ҲԸ϶Ů, ֻҪÿ¶һӡ
ƻ轵ʱ˲Żȥ
ְֺүүֱһߡ
ܵܺõǻġſ, ҰҰǽǼˡ
Ȼ˵, ˶, Ͳٰˡ
Ѿ˲ˣٹþˣʱܳˣ
ͷ, ̲ס˵, ˯ɣ͵ˣ
֮ǰ˳ҹ͵û, üﶼˣɱˣ
ǰҸʱӶˣ˰ѹٸӸˣֺ󶼱ץɿˡ
ǻԼң͵͵ĺȴǱˣ
ԼҿҪɵĲ˽˸ˡ
һҲЩģҪҾ˯ɣ
үүҡͷСǻҪȥҲ˵͵Ӻ͸˰ɣڼңñ͵ô죿
ΪŮ˺ŮԻеŮͻȻͱù˾ͻ͵Ů˺СŮΪ׬һӡ
͵ߵСŮСкͰɱˡ͵ߵĸ˺СŮǱͷǱмϲҲܡ
ǵøǸи˱ģٲҵץȥҲͷж̡֮˵ԺͱץȥţˡڸصţҪǰţƽ˸ԼҵĵػиϢʱ̵˸˼ҵĵأûкôҲϢʲôʱˣʲôʱҲͷˡ
үү˵£Ƕ˶Щȥɻһʹ죡
ⶼǹʴȡûйҲˡ
ͷ˵Ķԡѧ³ֶ𣿡
˳ĵͷ͵ܵÿ綼ȥſϿΣѧ³ֺѧѧĺõ绹԰õòɻպиõǰ̣
ԼԺҲܰõ˸ɻдպȥ¡
˴󣬵үүֱ߽Ժӡ
ڼﶼŮ̡ΪŮԼۣԴ˴඼üŮӵǼûŮ˵Ĳ
ӵĻֵʱͰͷ㣬ֻһжɣŮӵȴһһӣ͵ڶһˣ
һ˶ĳŮ
˵գ͵ܵǾͲظˡ˵Ǽȫա
үүǱҲУиֿɶһ
ȳԹŵܵܺõүү˯õСá
Сãֿÿ¶һˡ
峿۵콥нׯ
ʮһ˷׷״˯ڿѾȥˣµĶǸ׼ȥѧֵĺǡ
죬СӶڹۿֻһˣǰһģִų˵òһ߹
һˣϴˣеı˱ӣеı˶䡣㶼û£ΪҪǸɻ
վǰһָ࣬еһ˵
ǰĸǽŮΪūԶж̡֮˵ˣӵϼʯͷЩˣٲվԶ㣬ܶܡ
漸ȫǵԣǡжֻһеֻһ߶䡣
Ϊ˱ߡܹ̺߱Ҳϳˣǡ
̺󣬹ٲǲŰǴߣȥɻ洦ǴĻҪɵĻء
ѧϰ󣬰ŵܵܺûؼԳһٷǻڹһˮǾ͸̺Ȱ
ȹ󣬰ѵܵܺ£ȥڿ
ڴ
öǿģȻҲҪһǧɻһӣ͹һȵˡ
￴Цʣ˰ɣú𣿡죬Ȼ٣ǰȥǺһġ
ʡ
ЦŵͷⶼˣˣǳԲҽ㣬Զ㡣̫ԶܵܺãǱ˱ߡ
ͷ˵Ұѵڿˣġ
үүǰˣ˶ǲƻܻˡ
͸Ͻŵܻܵܺ
·ΣѾ֪ˡ
˵µˡ
ǼڴڣֺµĿԶĵ·
ǰһһˣԼп
ǼȺЩ˻ǵĴӸ仧һεǵ˻ʶˣܸǼϢ
Ϳүүվǰ棬ֽŵĶš
ǴĹٲѾˣվǰ档ĹٲҲˣ˵˼仰ǴĹٲôźöӣһǰ
ԭʲôϤĶԺǱûʶġٲ
ˡϵˣͿ԰˽ӵ
үүվǰ棬ֵܿǼˡãﱧŵܵܣ̣εĿŲԶ
Ⱥʺӣ磡
ʳ磡
ü飬Ǳû˹ҲûӦ᲻˵ˡ
үүʼɽɽǺϣûǺϵˣ
һΣӦˡ
ǡǱϣ
ǵһӳһмˡô϶յֻȥ𴦽壬ĵүүǺܸˣ߻֮ͨԺܵˡ
ǼߵıȽһġȻߵ磬·ʧɢ䵽Ҳֻ⼸ˡ
Ǻ˵ҲʼץˣﰤҰıǮӵԽԽ࣬ץȥȫȥūˣʣµ˾ӵøˡ
ץˣҲҪӡӹôһ˵ֻҪܳɹӹͲȥˡ
գ˵г˸ʾ̷ˡΪ˱ץ˴ӽӹԺ󱾵ץסˣǸΪͷ̡
֮ԽԽࡣÿ춼ף׾ͱ͵ȥˣѾ䣬ٷˡ
˵˶ӹˡ
ʵҪ˶ӹˣǲǾû˴ˣǿԻؼ𣿡ͷЦûлش
̨
Խ˵ԴȥˡסȥǸһ򣬶Ϊ˰³˸͹
д³ڽڽƽ¹ʵĹĶ£ڷӭࡢĵ˵Ĵ߻£ʼΣ
ûеˣȴÿһǶʼץ׳
Ϊ˶󣬶Լ׼ʱͻᰤ˵Ĵ
Ѿ³˱ץΪ׳ˡ
Ϣֵ֪ʱ䵽ˡ
³˻͵ӹȡбץΪ׳³ˣҪЩǲϻˣʹ򡣡˵
䣺ֱӴ򣿲ǣҡͷ㲻ù˾ֱӴ򣬲Ҫ顣˭״ﶼβ½
䶮ˡ֮ȴˡ֮ࡣ
ڽĲҲԶˡ
߻ûѾꡢëѺ칫ӰʼЩ쿪սĲ֮ʿֱΪ£
꣺
ëѣ
׸磺õģͿĻȥ


757 
죡ŷʾˣ
ſھۼȥ
žڴ, ¥¥¥ȡԱ߾Ȧ
ǽʱ֪, ʮһվ, Ǵ֮Ҳʮÿ, ʵҲפĵط
ֻƽʱЩʱ, һһӵ, 󵶳ǹȥ, Ǿö֮Ҳϰ, бڼſţ˴
˵Щоţϵú, ûеڶҷǸʱЩܵ۸Ůˣʳ, ֪, ҪǸӪץͿͷ
ҲУֻӪš
ŷˡ
۵ſʱȴԱߴһ̨, һ߸ߴĽվڸ̨ϡ
Ƕʼ
Ҫץɣ
϶ǣ϶Ҫץˣ
ҼŮֻץ
ҼҲǡ
˵ɡ
ͶŴǺ, ץ, Ҫȥ·, ҪӴ
˿ֻҪսСҲǶ㲻ġ
ͰҼ׿ʼˡ
Ůߣһˣӿһˣ
òһͰһ֦ˣĸԸȥ۵ģ˸첲ϻһȦվȥ
˶֪Ƿ۲Ǵ̣˲Ըȥò͹ٱΧţҲû˸ܡ
òȦţиӹڵϣŶԱһСŮ˵ӡ
СŮӵ˿塣
òЦʣŮӣɷ𣿡СŮͷһ۵תòͷɷ򡣡
òʣ㼸ʱ޵СŮٻͷתͷ˵졣
ò֪ۣҲϺɷŹˣֻȡЦһ䣺ôϣ䲻㣬Ůӡ
СŮҴ˾Ͱˡ
Χ˶Ц
ֻȴЦСŮǧл׬ʳһܵԣСŮĸĸʱǰǣСŮ˵ŮСܵȥ
Ӹӹһ٣֪˿ϰŮۣͼľҵʳҵæţ׸ҽ졭һȥŸգ
׳̾ͱˣǲǻġôȥɻһܳٱǸɻʱҲˣûŹȥܾܿͻزˡ
˰ͱȥպ󣬱ߵ۷ﲻ˲֪е嶼ˡҪӣӵȫץ˻Ҫȥ۲˵ǻҪΣյĻ
ô˶ȥӴ·
ذʮɿڶˣеȫͣãĳǻûüӦվؽţսλ׼ӭݰɡ
ٴУ
ǰ̫֮ǰҲֻ֪³ˣֹ̨ͨīʶǣòƻȵȡ
ȺӹԺ󣬽ͻȻ˿ʼվĵطʮһ䣬ʮһվʮפһ٣ʮפ٣սǿ
ǿסǼſڣΰģ
δ˵ضЩСǡС壬һ壬һ岻ʮ˿ڡСǣҲûиգСһҲвλ
ֻ籸ȥ󽪽̧֡вǲ£Ǯֻܵһ̺
ֻ󽪽Ҫڴ˵פ
Ǯ͵յȫգվڽˣվˡ
ҪϷ̨״С˶ֿӣĲ룬Ⱥò˵ˣִӸҼ䱦дȥѰĵʿ˵͡һͨ꣬Ѿڴ˽ɿˡ
ˣ
ЩãȻ֪ǲǻҪȥ״ˡ
ȻЯţҰ˵˵ؽɿڣԺԶͣͣ󴬣Ǯһ׬
֮£ͷˣҪԼҵıٸǴȥ̨ˣߣʲôҪȥأ
мֵ˵Ȼˣվڣפû߰
˵⽪ı찡ֻҪǮǿ԰µģ˰ץ˰˵ɱ˰ֻҪǮʣа
ʲô
Ǹǵĺô
˭ûһ˳۵أ
̶˶ˣֻһ׬ǮЩѵû
ŰɣԺôء
һأڵ˾͸ˡ
Ȼϰӿ룡
ٴУһزȥ˵Ҷ׷óǮȥЩפ˵Ǯ𣿿죡ߣͣ
פǮգͷ˵ɱǲеģ԰ǻһǡ
פӾӪǳſһΧڳǸѲתơ
ôȫɣ
ɵˡ
Ҫߣհǰ˺˳ǡЩСǣǽߣͨӱһľҲԣʿûսġ
ɲߣЩ۾ˣ
ֻúþƺкţϽߣЩүǳ˾ⲻҪҡһƴţѹʾɣ˵˵ع£һǣ
ֹһӣϢүûнǣϢڴ˵ؽˡ
ǵȻӦ
פˣҲΪǺá
ǣ
פͿ˵ϾҪʱˣȻҪͽһ˵ҲҪǧڡǳ
Ǻëֱ
Уô˻ܻ𣿣
פǿǾ뵽Ϊѣġ׳жʱߣͲǵ˵Բԣ
·е
һߣԸĻռѵ룬ֻò񽨴塣Ȼ룬Ȼڴ˵ؽ壬ǵȻùǹܰɣ˰Ҫ鵽
ǾҪȥӹܡ
ϣ̨ɵĹٲˣȻ˳ͻ
פȻվ˷̨һߡ
ǣ
̨˺ܿȻǿԹŸİյġǷ̨ģͷ˵ǱȸǸ˳뷴Ҳԣȥ̨״ɡҪǷ̨˵ҪǻȥҲԸߡǹܲǵġ
ⷬ˵Ǻֻա
ǵͷߣЩפţǶáҪȥ̨״͸ˣڱػ˵ϻȥ˷̨ô˵ùǱأ
οһȥҪ׼
ҶԸԼҲûһһе¡ֻ֮ܲ
ԴӺӹȥҲһˣһǴӲŽŵ׹һҪ̼׼λϲݣӭ
䵽һ죬ʮӭӵˡһ·ߵߣѾһβ͡
ȫ۷
Ϊ׼ӣطҪӹ̣޽̡
ʯľϣ˰ߡ
ĿԶʱ䡣
޽̵ʱҲȥŴӺϹȥҲƹȥҪöࡣɽȻѣǡ죡
ңȥĻֱ彭ءǻʤ
̣һǿ죬һ档
뵽ܴʮӽϹȥ
Ͼ͵ˣһ֮нƽȵʱˮҲ϶֪֮Ͷ׶˵Ҫ򽭱죬˴ӽϹȥġ
׶ʱЦŶ˵ʱһ˵ģһõʱ
ʵ֪׶ô˵׶һ
䳤л̡
Ҳһ춯صĴ£һ˶£
Ҳ˶֪֣



758 ֮
, ٰ
ӭסٰƤϼСԷʫø裬乫ӵ, ǵ׾ٵס
ڸ˼䣬ǰôÿ, Ҳỳֻӣ乫ӡ
ӭľҲֵ˵һ˵
£ҲֻòҹҲſݵĹӣ䵽֪ĳ̶, ӭǶһݵġ
һôɵǴʵܱۡͻʵ, ˮ֮ǿꡣ
ӭǰҲʫôʵۿġ
ȴᵱˡ
ƤĻоžƱʱʵ۵ɫ, ָŷӭЦΣ
ܷӭСֺʲô֡
Ҳ֣һ񻰴˵ӣӭҲֺš
ʱƤ, ɫϾǿ֮, ҵȻҪĴ澴ġ
ǣƤ˱Ȼǳŷӭ, ЩʧˡҵĴ˾ͳƤ, ȥˡ
, ӭȥƤ
ƤҲǸ˾ƣðˡ
ӭຬЦ֮仹ô֪ﲻʹ졣
Ƥԣͺܶˡ
ƤµֻǱʵ۸ˣ޵ʧ£ʧھǾҲԸٵŻӽҵ
ưɣ»еôأƤųʹĶͷ˵һʬɽѪ꣡
ӭаͷִȻҲһ̾˵ϧҵ֧֣Ѻ£
Ƥиӱࡣ
ڼǰϳһռ˺ӹȣϡϡϵ˼һʱڼо˵Ҫˡ
һðһٸϧ嶼һֻǽзͬڣϵİǲк³ġ
Ȼ˵ˡ
ǱʱΪǲġ
Ϊʵ۸ļΪʱ򣬽϶ţȴԼ£Ȼͷ˾һӲӣ˵ʵڵģԷ̨Ļʵûôġ
ĳҲ´ƣ棬ǴҲһ˴͡
ЩƤСѧġ
ʵ۲Ҳ壡Խ޷ķ
겻һССС֮ӣĺͻʵۼϲ⽫ٵ̨İĹ޸߹ٺ»תͷͰѴ͵ĽɽˣԼ˻ʵۡ
˳ӣû
ӣôķأ
ֻƤû뵽ʵ۲ǽķĻʵۣҲǻʵۡҪеǸֻҪǿǸ˾ͲС˼
ϻˣ޶뵱֮ˡ
Ҳס
û˼Ϊ˱Լҳ˱˵⣬
ƤҲҲҲͲţҲӸ߳ǽѣˡ
ƤۼԼҲȥˣļ޿κΣֻĻϷɧһ¡
ڵĽ˵ǸΪһ㶼档ƽûëңҲءӵԴ˭Ҳ˭
Ƥûʶ֮ģȻҲҪһֻ֮ȫ棬˴ʲôʲô³Ҳġ
ӭЩҶһȺ¸ߵĴ
Ѳ¶ˣԼܶ
֮ܡ
Լĳö֮ĳǶȲˣǾ;ԼһͿɱȫ
ɼ
Ҳȥǡ
ÿֻƤ֣Կ࣬ԲУʵǺ˼
Ϯʱ˭û취ѡ
һգٰʿĻϾƺ֮ʣʿһ׮£Ҳٰ;˵ġ
ٰһǣٰԸԴ󣬺ٵȥҲصʿӡ
СǵʿӶ뵽ٰٰܼƤҵĻᣬ㹻ǻؼȥһˡ
ЩĻҲֲǷԡ
ڼ˿˵ٰ˶ɵЦŴߴǿɾƺ˽ȡˮˮϴѣ¡
˾۽˲ЩţһɤѧٰǻǴϱ߹ģ˵Ƿ̨İֹ˵ﵽץŭⱱء
ϯ˶Ц
ӭܿ챻˳ǰֹ֮𣿡
ϯϵ˶˵ӭ밲ֹ£ʱȡЦ
ӭɫزǹ֮ԡ
ĻȻ˵Ļš
תͷȥȡЦˣҪǳȥ
˸̣֮䣬Ķˡ
Ļ׮Ȥ¾ȥˡ
ڶ죬ƤѺʷӭ᲻ᰲֹ˵Ļ
ھ񾪹֮񡣰ֹȻһŮڴʵ۱ɵԺԹط̨ѾӮһЩֹͲЦдˡ
ָŽҿԽ˵ǺϢӦ֮
ϾҸûлʵ۵ʥּΪ֮˵ǽ
Ƥܺƽ֮ݡƽëҲǱô
ӭҶԹ˽⣬ŭǲģúܡ
ƤӷӭలֹĹ£һŮ˵ֹȻѾԼǿҲֻŮ˶ѡ
ŮˣŽҿȷʵ̫ܡ
һҲá
ɵ̫ˡ
ϳĻ߲ʼٰǱҵĻһ˵¡ģҲƵĴ
ûȸҰ·ϣ̨ʹǧˣ˰ֹǵġ桷
Ƥܿڼмʾϸϸ૵⡢ô죡
ֹûˡ
桷Уֹ꣬£޵øγϡ
ôңͬܣ޲
ôǿᣬ޲ߣֻװٰݣҷŰһ·
ҿϷŹգԸԻʵ֮λУԺ˭ʵۣ˵㣡ˣ
ֹµĸʾ֮⣬Ҳ˷̨Ǳ¸裬һɶǿ޲ҵġ
ްʧᣬްŮްշ޷롣
Խࡣ
Ƥ֪Դӽץ׳ߵİвٶɽӵ˽ϡ
Ϊ±ץӽһǿ죬ǶԲ࣬ϵˮࡣգҪ̣ȻץǧﴬϽץ
ϲǣûǧﴬֻһҶ۾͸ҺɽˮĲ٣Ҳвĳɹ˰˽ϡ
ƤȥҸһҪˣ
ĸװοʹЩӵ˽ҲȥûأûзᣬҲһȰˣҲͲˡ
˻Ҫץģð˽ˡ
ٰʼĳţһץˡǰץ̣ץֱɱ˭ӣ
Ҳڰ֮ӵ˽ҲûкӹгǵģӹȥҲֻĴˡ
Ƥ鲢͸ôý
˻޷ֹѾ̵ľūҲʼˡūɱȰ鷳ö࣬Ҳֵöࡣ
ȾūһӣͨһӪһӡūвӵģҪߵǸҲɱܣ
ξūӵĻץҲΪߣΪ˻ӾҵķץūץҪѣ˸ࡣ
󣬾ū˾дɣȥ
оūߵĸǿʼͷö
ٰƤҲ޲ߣƤĻᶼˡҵҲûǸйˡ
ƤЩΪʲôһҪӣ
ֱ˿˵ֹʴȵİѴӽӵϵȫˡ
ⲻܣƤʧĿ𾪵վˣұ֤˵Ķ𣿡
ͷģԲĿڣʵƭӣӿʹȥϲ鿴ĵطȫĴ䣡һֱӹȶǣ
Ƥһͷۻ
ôأ

Ļ̻Ȼ
ͻȻһͷ
Ʒ˵İֹɣ
һʱ䣬ӭеİֹ´ŷ׷׸ͷ
Īǵ뷲˵Ĳ֮ͬ
ڴʵһϣаֹ


759 
Ƥ˳ڽ, ߵİ, , ׳, ȫǱŮĸ˻ˡ
ߵСӱߣϴ, غС
䡣
Ҷ, Ҹ, ҷ򡭡
ˮ, ˮ
ʱ˵Сгġ
Ƥ죬ӡ
°ֹġ桷ûиտǻ֪˴ڽһ, ֹʴȵĶԴǡؿ֣ݿס, ޶ͿԻ
Ҳͷ˰֮, ׳Ҫץ˻ҪɱǼȲգҲӵɣҲ޲ߡ
Ƥоõ, նҵԽԽˡΪնԽҵĳ, ǿʼϵİֹ
Ը˵, ֹڽǸһ, տ̾ͻס
ЦǰҲǱ˵צѡЩΪҪū, ˽ϾͲصūֵҪץʱ׵壡
Ƥĵȴǰո벻һ㡣
ЩĴĸҥһ롣ףǱҪЩʲôˣ
ҲƤŵԭƤǰȥ磬˺վһ⽭ֻ´սһ
˵Ĺʶ
ǰն֪ҲҪˣ
һн³˶³أ
Ƥûм³ˣܺڵںδǲѾ˻³أ
³λ
³ˣǻڼءĻϵһ˸³Ȼһ֮Щ³Ȱ˵Ϲ³һһҪȥ̨
Ƥ򣺡̨˵Ҫȥؾǰֹˡҡͷ̾ϢΪźлȥ̨һݣδܳУټŮֻˡ
Ȼ˶ֹһŮǽȴʵʵڵġ
˶ֹ֪Ϊʹޣʫ衣ĻνĿǰַ磬ҪĴ
ڸСֻܣΪгó棬ŰƳ
Ƥ߹ǣĻμ˲٣˵˲٣˵ص㣬˶òǡ
Ҫ벻̸ף
ڸǶڽǿ˭
˵һݱˡ
˵͵һʸ
Ƥ߹ȥ֣ͨŵղŵǱλֳ˵еط˽٣Ϊļ˶Ц
Ҫʳ˵ùȥǽټʸǹʲô
Ƥɫһ
һ˵Ѿһʱˣֻһֱûô
һҲЦ˵ǵڶ֪һҵݱ٣˭ұ͵ˡ
ȻԼҵģǵȻЦһЦˡ
ƤĻĴƴճ¡
ǶڳһǶԸġеĳûеĳûݡ
ҵȻҪͨޡ
ĳһգҿʼˡΪ˱ⱻ˷⣬Ҳ˳û٣߶СĽûҸ߱ˡ
ǣԼʱõûһ飬·ϱϮˣ
˲֪ܵȥˣ˶ʮŻȥ˵Ǹճͱ˸ˣ˰·ͿʼϮţȻǺߣʳˡ
ûˣӦΪ
֪ܵȻܣˣ൱֮ˣ
߳ǿʼ飬˸׳죬Ҳ˵ټ
ⲻֻһ밡ûҵȥ룬˵õĴõıҪң
һԥԥԥԥԥԥȥ˵õļͷ͵ˡ
Ϊһ𣿣
߻෭һΪ϶Ǹûʹͷǵȴʵʵװ˳͹ȥģ·ᶪ϶ҲǱɵˣԲûɱֻ
һΪ˭֪ǲԼϷԼ˵ˣԼ˵͵ˣֱһɱ˵ĽٷӲҪͷϣ
ҼҴõļͷ϶Ҳ͵ģҼҴҲûҴţ֪ͷʲôطǷ׼ͣ϶ڼѶ͵ˣ
ҼĿȻԴָʵ֪Լҳ˿ΪС±˷Լ϶
ƽ֮ǰ˭䵽ëҵĵز
һԺͣнҲ˲̽
ѯʣ˵ûд£ȫǺ˵
뿴ЦҲв²⡣
Ƥ֮󣬾Ͳһ˵ѡǲ֪һңܲ¡
ڵĽȫǹ¼ҹˣ׹ʾɶţοˣ
ƤĲºҷĿɳǵٰкôģ
һ˶úܡ
ĻϵҲ˽˼ѡƤԼͬȥƽѳǰݷãԲ¡
˷·Ϸ˵Ժʰװˡ
ƽѳƫλϣһǡ
ƽѳΪƽơ
Ǵжһҡ
˲²ƽ϶ΪƽѳǶռ˼ѺӣѺѴڣҰǧƽѰˮı±ǱȲϵġ
ƽѳǳĶࡣƽϲȡԴ
һ˵ƽϡ
Ƥȳ˳ǰƽѳǣһ·̹;Ǽ˽Ул٣һЩԶԶͶ㿪ˣҲǵ鷳
쵽ƽѳʱһӴǸʿ̲鲻ݣᷳ
Ƥȼ˶˵ȥݷƽϣǱͽǡ
°ɣһ˵ǵ
Ƥ򣺡ƽѳǵ̬ȲԣѵǸĴ𣿡
һҲңҿǶֶǺˡ
Ƥ򣺡Ҿò񡭡
ˡ͡Ȼ·ͿˡƻʱѾƽѳǡһŵ˿˵ǵݣϾڵӭӣǸȥϲμϯ̬ڵúܵͣƤ·ϵŭˡ
ӭǵףһ֧ӡףļ岮
Ƥףģ˾ͬһ
Ƥʣǲǳʲô£ף̾͵ܿˡ˵Ҳաף˵ƤҲû׷תʺҳףѡ
ףлҲƤ³ʱѾԶԾδľˡ
֮죬ףʼЩˣȾ֮꣬ҲĴߡ
Ƥȷżƽĳˡֵֻģ鷳ġ󣬼˾ǡ
ףʹʹߣһ;ͳȥʮ
ҪˣƤ³ףϧƤҵᣬף˵һɵٰѰҡһΪڶƽëϡ
ףһ¶һĵ΢Цҡͷǵ¡ֻһС鷳
ڷˣƤһ龪뿪ƽǺͿʼ̲סϳʲô£
ƽ֮ݣһ˶Ե
Ƥҡͷδء
˲ȥɸĥ;еĿ뷦ζ
ȵƻǰͣ׼ӪʱһָԶһϸϸװ׵ߣãȻ˵ǲǼƽǣ
е̧ͷȥƵԶĹУһϸббĻС
ʲôƤ򿴲תͷʱˡ
Ҳûϳ
ǵĻȴüЩʲô˵ǸϽϳȻѣ
ҹҪҹ·ˡƤһƤϳӿЩҪӣƤҲԼһϳѱסϨһˮõ
ôˣƤ򾪻ŵʡ
ƽǵķ̾ճǵֻ̡¼ƽˡҿ´˵ҲȫҵȻҪ˵Ϊϣ
ƤĿɿڴ
ŵĳŸʮ·ŸǣǲŴ˼ƽǵϢ
ԭƽҲоūˣԺתȥƽˡһЩ˱ץȥȻЩץ˳ҹ򿪳ţ˽ȥɱӡϵ˷Ӧ㽫뽫ЩɱʱѾˡ
ƽûа٣Ҳٻ֮һ
Ƥľ
Һܵÿ죡Ҫӵľūֻҵѱһҵ
ҲԼ
Ƥӿ־壡ΪٰҲоūߣЩūҲ͵Ҫٰأ
дţƽǵһһ֪ü˰ŸϽͻؼȥʾ
ʣӲһȥ𣿡
ƤҡͷڼﲻĺáڼҰﲻʲôæ浹˵һЩ£ЩȥɣǵðҸ߸ףǧСġ


760 Ϧ
Ƥڴ˳ʱͣǲ, ߲ˡ
Ұ֮ڳ˼ǿˡ
ǰ˺һ, Ƕɱ˽˳ǣֻڻĽҰ, ˡʱΪ˱ˣǰĴɨɾ
һ, û˻ľʧˡ
ڸı, ֵıơǵ̽ʲôģ׷ˣֻڳǽѲߣ˿ǳؾͿˡ
֪, ҲǣֻɧС, һټߣľ׳Ǿ͸Ӳʰѭ֮, ڳ˻
ƽǾūӳֻȥ٣ԾǱָʹȻ׳󣬴Ҷ, ǰߵľūˡ
˻أǷš
ѾñǰˣҪ, Ǯ
˭֪ԼȽȥ˷, Ż᲻ᱻͱأ
ǸҶԷ˵̬תΪá㲻Ҫ, Ǯ, ȥҶͷǱֺòãһָ·ĺô㣬һҲҪ
ⱾҲǳõֶΡ
ƤԼҾԺͣ˱ֵܡشˣϼ֮ߡ
ʱ˿ʼ֣³˷ǳ㣬Ǻúӡ
ץʱ⳯³֡³˲ץ³˺䣬ϲţ޼һӵϣӴǰͳ壬Сר͵ϮͶҪ֣ͨȽ㣬оץҧڻ¡
µúܣ
нǼ֮ϲץ³˺󵹲ūգٽһ³˵ǵĺ֮٣³˰¡
ߵľ³ˡ
³һܾһӪ½þѪ¹»Ҳһ³ˡ
³ģʵڽ
³׺һץʱΪ˲³ߣɱ˶еŮˣ֧³ȫ˿񣬺ϣ˶ϼʮżеʿЩʿ˺Ƭӵӵܶûӹ
³ֳ˲̻Ұˡ
ƤͬʱͣĴμĻʱ³˵Ĺ¡
Ļ³˵ǺûĹ³ѾͶĵ˶ɱˣҲһ
Ҳ˺³ôȶ³˵Ĳֺôѱ˳أ
Ƥӭི³£ʱ͵ֹʮְذգŰնɱٸ١
ȫһ
ȻҰ˵ȥĳôԣǣ
Ҳ˲ţ³˵ǴҲˣֹʱҲ³һ
³ôɱ󳼣ֹʱֻ³һ
ôأ
Ƥ򣺡һǧ𣬴ԡ
˲³˵֣谲ֹ֮ɱ٣ԭǲǹԱŰվͲ˵ˡ
ҲΪֹҲ֣ǰڣд֮٣ҲԲһ۵ˣƢһɱٿͷ棬͸ɱǧһ
Ȼǹڳ˵ҲǾҪɱӣӳ¾⻹ô죿
˵ֹӿ˶֪ģ½ӹȥˣ³ŰյĹʲôϡأ
ٸҲûʲôֱߵūͣͼٸ𣿲ū͡
ƤԱòסͷӭ޹ֹɱٺ˵ġ١ʱûӭΪ
Ƥ򡭡ǿΪʱӭǺȶˣһʱڲ˵ˡŵ˼ǹǹϣûηηβΪηҶұգ᳹
ᡣϾʱҲԥηҶ֣ʱºְٰûڡһ֮УˣֹһҶ£ǹˣ
Ǻġ
ȻֹǷӭࡣ
֮ǰΪӭ乫̨ܵȥ׷ֹֻıһĶ԰ֹġ
ŷӭһֹֿ
˶԰ֹʱ̲סԡ
˶Ϊ԰ֹ˽ʲô¶ѯ
ڣֹ֪³ڽ裬أ
Ƥ˼һ£ҪǷӭ𰸿ܻǳˡҲǳŭ
ͻȻַӭ԰ֹеѡ
ˣǿ϶ᱯ˵ġԶ飬ڶ࣬ܰͬС˿͸谮ˣðտ͸չ˰գø˿Ͱ䲼ɡŮӿ
ӭеĹּŭŭѪɺӡ
һĿˡ
Ƥӭ״ĸ̾ʱɵô˸ս
Ŀ˰ĸ³ˡɡɡĸ׷Ŵɱ
Ҳ°
˵ǰЦ
ƤͰѺˡ
֪³ڴ˵裬ֻ²ϸݡ
է
ذʮ߸ɿͣ׼ʿװ
ˡӵܣͬСϲΪʵز鿴ǷͬþӶĵأ¼һļ仯
ϣһܼ¼ݱ䣬Դ
ݲŻ׸統Ц˵

칫ѾںӹһΪˣΪ̨̽˵̬ȣʼǷӵܡ
ǵһģһ޹οоλĲʿ
軹һžԲ
Ҳ˵ܴʲôʱ꣬ʲôʱη硣
˿Ȼأ˵ⲻֵһᡣΪһļÿһ죬ÿһʱı仯ʵǹ̶õġ
ֻǴСϰ߼¼ÿһÿһ仯ѣÿһ궼ڲʱη꣬ǰ˼죬˵׼ˡ
ʮǰİϷ׽Ūˡ粻ôˡҪ֪һη磬Ը޳׳ЩıʼǣͲҪ˷ʱˡ
׸ٰɵӴ͸ߣͲĲԹˡ
ƣաȥŴ鿴ս£һǵĹ߾ߣ
˵ҪҪɣ
ͷ絷⣬ĸŽˡ
䱾˻ã˲ŷ֡ĺã
׼ڵ仯
ͱڣ˵Ҫη磬Ȼھбˡ
ˡ˴ڿɵȫƽϰҪһҹãΪҪǰҪĴβȫꡣ
Ѿͣ˴ڶ̶̼¾ǧ
շٺͷ򿴣ϰ󣬾ٰ
豳ұù죬ٰƤϣٰнϡϡ¬ϵȣƤϲ͡¡
Ҳ͵ǵңҲݹٴδ򽭱
˴ȥٰһ£һЦ
ٰǽ󽫾ɽϵĵһǣ˵ǡڡҲˡ
þԱһϰʹҪǿöࡣ
ϾԺ󡰳
ҪĻ븹ȥұ˵鷳ס
Ϊһο϶ܰѽеĳǶ迴һ̽
ڶǶء
Ϊ˹çδĻڿòȡˡ
豾㲻ϴڵһٲߣ֪֪꣬ε͡潫·ɡԸҾմʤ
ɿͷ߸ߵˣϸʺĳ챻紵һֱߣⶼܿ
˷׷״ֱӼ߳ͷ򽭱ߡ
صĺӺ
ڴͷʿγС۵ǴӴͷ¿ڽųֱߡС罭㣬׷
תͷ򽭱ɡ
ĩ۶ʮ꣬³³ŭɶʼ³


761 ǧﲩʿ
ˮ
ŷ, ˳£ʱͿ˶Ľ
վڽߵ, ǲҪȥٰкҡͷأֱӹȥºк
跢Цǡ
ʱȥкȫ˷ʱ䡣ٰǵ̽ԽֱٰھȻسʱٰݷٰǸңʱٰҲᡰ˵ġ
糿Ǵ, ͣˡ
󴬷Сۣ˴ų۵ǰ
˵ؽûо׼, Ϊ복´ʿ̲ݼܰ壬ǿһų
洬ľҲľ뽭, 측ʿ
, ʿ, ׷ӿ۴
Ѿ̽, Ȳ̽ΧΣǷдڴ˵ضӡ
Ȼʼʿ
ú, ̽, Ѿ̽ǰ·δƽ̹޹֣ͨ, ʹǱǰ
̽ɢȥ
ƻǰ, Ѿ˰ס˽ʮ, ʼؿ, Ӫ
Ϊ˲ýʧȥ򣬽˾޴Ļѣҹȼգ潭ָ·
Ҳ˻棬ǰĴ·⽭ʧ
һεĽõƻͨ
ͽļҳ跢ʫˣͣڽѵһ
̾˾üҲ
һֱ糿нء
ȵʿѾʼҲʼͷ̽Ѿ̽ʮڵΡ
ûмͣŴǰŶͷعؿڣ̽ˮվɿӪ
Ϊ˱гǳػִᷢ˵ص˾ñÿš
˸̾ԼˡؾͲˣؽ϶׵öࡣ
λߡ˹ͬͬš
ҲЦŭ˶
ԿֻȤ벻һ¾Ȼôӵ׷棬Ҳֹ³ˣ֣ԡκ˶Удӵܡ
ɼؽŻˡµĴֺʿӾܺദҲܿΪˡ
ǰúࡣûϵȻһ·Уˣȫһ·Ÿϡ
㲻ĲǸϣ̫ʿƣ
ʿҲΪ࣬ǹֻܵ÷ɿ졣ҲûʲôֻͣǸǰͷ߸ķ죬ܶС
ڳܵõߣĥôƨʹ
С̶ӣʿɽ֮໵ľ˹ȥˡ
ʧɫߴӿٶȣǧܵǰҵ״ʿѾˣض飡
ͣߣǰȥȰ뽪Ҫ֮ҪԼʿ
Ϊ⵶ʣҪ֪ʱշʣʿˣͷ֮ԣұϸ˼
˿Ϊ˵ˡ
Խھߣʿǡ񡱵ĴԽࡣ˿Լ
ŭҪȥȰȰ衣
ЩӣȻǰʶҲͬ·֮ꡣ
ŭβȰȰȰˣ
Ȱ
ǰ˵УʧѪԡͷܲǳѪȻģǰ˵ǡɱ˵ģôܲɱأ
ԸҾΪ˺ôôܲأûкôǾˡ
һʼȻܲˡ
µĶ⽪ġ
۹Ҳǹ
ġ
ҪľһȺǣһͷͻһ׵
ͷ̨ϵˣЩһ·潫³̨ʿӷܿ幫ıĿ
ʱٿ裬ɵҲ˶Ū˼һ̾еĻᡣ
豻һһ̾ߵĵ١ֹһʱ䣬侲һ۹ȥ£òϣʵʺġ
Ĵçġ
ΪҪĳʧһо·ˡ
壬ԴçΪ֣˲֮ء
ûָ塣
Ϊ͡
պ˵һѲ߳
Ȼ̾ͱˣ·󣬵ٰ֪ǵĳȥһս֣ڶ棬ɱôˡ
Ѳٰ߳ǵģҲ¡
ϵʱǾٰѾֻʮ·ˡ
䣬ǲֻñȥ
ΪҪ͵Ϯٰһм˹Ѱֳ˳ûߡ
ٴα׽ãͼԾҲ£һܳ˵˳
ȻַһʿȻƹٰǣֱǰȥ
ʱǣԭ֮ǰð³ֹܰУǰ³ˡ
˴̫ƽʮĹˣǰܿ˵ȳٰʮͷȥ
ٰѲߵĳʱҲŽͣоͻһͻ
ţʮͷг뿪˽Ǯ
ĽڳĿоͳ˳ʵŵˣٰ˵֪Ϣȥ³ټڶԽΣͿʹǰȥ̽ʣµҲ˵һ֮ͨԡ
Ϊֹð֮⡣
ֹǵ³ڴܿ࣬ǰӭӡ
Ȱ³˶ƽƽߺҲ뿪ģûи෸˼ǡ
Ϊ˺ƽ
ٰ󣬶³ֻҪٰ˸ʵû̫ϵ
αȥܱ˵أԲԣ
ֻɱӽߵ³ˣϮٰǣȴûŸǣ³Ҫȥˡ
һ·ߵ൱˳ŷ֣ȫǴǣûСǣǵΧҲһЩ䣬Ǹҵūû
裺֪ʷеıȴҪá
ԽõļԽӴǻΧеϣΪһȻԸ඼ҲٸΧ
ճء˶ˡ̾
˱ȽǱߵ鿴ʱԽͬڽϵķĻеر棬ʱᵽصĵʵ۸ļΪʱֻȡϸ֧ʲô˼
գʵ۶ԽʵΪ
ԵʱŴ඼⵽˱ߡκԶڽ³֣ڽϡ³磬һ뱱һϡ
ЩʹŻʵ۶Խǵľ
ϵһʱ軹Ϊߴˣһŷ־Ȼǽˣͷ˳죬ɢ¡¡죬·ס
Ȼǰ˸ӵֱֿӹͶȸǰЩ档
ԭȫ³ˣ
ǿĲܳġ
˽£ܺγлǵѣ³˺˳
̼䣬ֻͷ·𳤼ңңǱڲϢ
𾪵ķֽ䷢Ȼô죡붼һ£ߵõϢǱ߾ɱȥˣ
һ룬´û˷Ƭʱ䡣ɳ̽̽·ͳ߱̽ʱ
Ѹ磬籼ס
ڶУлľ޷ǰˡ
ȻƻʱĳͣǰѾݱ
ɽվѾʤˡ˳Ͷбץ³ˣԭ¡
趼ţôô죿
ŵСŶ󶴣Ҳ
𾪵ĪǽղŴŹ𣿡
׼
૵Ϊ
ͻɽɽ֣޷ף
̨
һͷ­Сĺɫճ
ƺҲǺء裬׵ˣǶģ
Ǹ忡꣬˵ɷǡԺƣԳ֣ûơ
ʵƵĶӡ
ȥǰ˰ӽӵ³ת͵˽ǰ
ǳһ
ʮʱ֣еһŮԺƾͰӺŮ͵˽
ŮڽգΪޡҲһңֻΪӡ
ƱֻһѪϣûֱ³Ժ󣬲뷽跨ϣշתѶӽӵ³
ڽΪūͣ˽ӹ󣬾һһΪ̵
ҲƵӣЩ֡
һһ־ҵĻҩӦ̿һζ˾ⷽӸˣ
жӽᣬպöӶƵּȥý֮·
Ҳʮļơ
Ƶƶǧ֮
ΪըҩýǷֳȼƾڵڿӣըҩڿУڿϼľըҩܲܽƷ
֮ǰըҩѾ˹ϣȥýˡ
ֻİٽġ
ɶǧܰѹըһİɣ
ЦƳҾͿԷΪʿˡ


762 
ݼɽ峤ЯŮʮֵĹڽǰϥۻ, ϯӶûС
𡣡ǰ峤ǽµĻ, һ۶ûпЩ, Թ, ֱǱȳ³ȥˡ
峤ӵ, ץסǰˡǴˣ
ֶֶǼˣ
ȵĵǣ¼ϡ峤ֶϳһ֮ԵҶͬ칫ʮٵ磡Ҳû˵Լƫ֧ϵ, Щ˵Ҳû, ԭ, Сֶˣ峤ض񣡲ض񣡡
Ǳ³˹ڽǰʹʧӵֶȫһ֮ˣһҪһ
˭õأ, ˯ͻȻ˴˵Զдǰ
Ҵȥ̽ʵ˭, ʲô⣿һбƣԱ͡
˳ֱͣ˳, ȲҲ, ͶʯͶʯ
, æɽ, δŴ, 
ųӳŴС
ĽҴҴȥ鿴̺󽫾ܻǰɫ䣺ǡűˣ
ʲô峤ʱվˡ
ִΣ֪Ǻ·Ǿʯл졭ڲԷѣһ㡭
˴Ҳ˺¡
ضɽҡ
زݵ
峤û취ӣֻȥ̽ʱȥĽʿˣ
֮£ʿȥˣԺڵ֪˵⣡
³
³ڴܺǰ³ˡ
峤ӡ
ΪʲôҪץ³أֲץץҲùܣô࣡
֮ǰ˵Ļʱ͵ˣѾ˺ɽһɺˡ
³Ǳˣ
ž˵ˣ³Ĵɱӣǿǿԭߵ³˴·һ·ҵط²ūӪȥһ·еķᶼꡣ
Ѿˣ
峤˲ε˴ϼеĲԼŮǰȥģ
˲嵽ж³˱°ж³˱°ط
һңȻҪˡ
䲢ռ˵صġ
̾Ѱɽڶյϣݴһְܺɽ
սսǡ
ôˡ
ڸһףҶúܡϻϣĴûˣҵС˶ǲȡ֡
СЦ
Ǯơ⡢ˡ
վˣ˲ͨң͸ҲͲ
ܹС
˵ص°˶³ΪūΪ澣ж³˲ɥڴˣһһҪǮ
ϵ˱ȦҰܷ紵֮࣬ۼɽʹụ̂Ҳĸξѡ
ǾͲ˲١
֮ʦ˵ľƳȦӣвϯɣˡ
вҹģҲ׼Тᡣ
⾡Ҳƺ󣬽ûϨŭһŮԸϵҰ⣬Ҫ˻ʳݹãһ³ܹĿࡣ
Ǹϵֶڼгϣ峤׼һˡ
һ˱ϵҰŽʹ쳷ˣûںɽȥúɽţɽǾͲϷǽȥˡ
ͷβԽԽľ
ѵļıȹ֮ƣ
ټʱ񶼲ˡ
˽ȳ³ͻؽǳ˴ؽȥӹȡ
³߼Се׳ӶԸ潪ȥ³ˡ
ʮģ㳣˼ߵСӣٽвмĶߣʣµԸµģȫǳɾ壬ȷǮʳǱϼ˻׵ȵ˺ӹԺ󣬿ɼ˰ۣǷӷֵҲкô졣
ȵĿһ׷ڽҾоȻᳵ·ǾС³˶ϰΪɵľȫˡ
֮±ӪУҲѸϤ
ȵԷʱĶʳһƮζ±ϱᣬ˺߳³Ӫضˡ
ͻȻðһͷһ֧ǿ۱γ²֣
ɻð˳
ǿΪɷڹ֮أ
˾뿪ɽǣгȥʮһǵЯǰԸų°³ˣټֻ󽪽Ϣŭ
²Ѵ֮;Ȼ˱°³ˡ
ǰߣϼϳǵ³ˡžͷгΪ˷ֹţȻͼ°³ȫɱ³˷¡
Һýȥ̽˻̣ڳûٵͷ֧ȥþƴ³ˡ
̽󣬽˹ȥ
ѻһ
µʿ̻Ӻī˳֮˵ǰǿͿİ³˻ľٶԵǵ๼
˳ѻ٣ȻܹԼ˴ʱܷŻɱ̫ûнơٿ³˸أ˲Сưոݡ
ȥ˳ĳֹ
ʹȥˣǱߵ˵ԼˣˣӲˣܵܲˣҪˡɻٳ
ʹ߳ȥֹ
ûһҸӦûһҿǡ
䡰Ρֻ֧¼ˣôһ£Ǿʹưȥ
Ȼǰߡ
һ·У³˵ġ١һ·
ζΡĳҲ׷װѡ³䡱һ˳ȥûһһ֮
ĳȻҲûԷˡ
Ƚ䵽˽еĶݣݵĳءũСµȼҰ³ƣͬ뽪䣬
丰ǰ粻ơ
лѣ׼
е涨ݵ⼸ġ
֪ǲǶݼұͲͣûԽ֡չӪ󣬽䶼ûɱ͵Ϯ
趼еʧˡ
Ȼ⼸ֱַ뽪䣬ƺֲҿڵӡչҲ˷̫õʱ䣬Ǹˡ⼸һ·ͳ˼ʮﶼߣԶϣҪʲô
ΪӵܣȻͳ˵һݷõˡ
⼸Ҹ˶ӹţ֡·ʱһ̸ЦҲǷǳġ
ҲȽеӵܽá
ſϷЩ˲ʲôоȻûһ˶ĵġ
û
趼Դ˵ôûأ
ˣ졣
Ǻ
˾Ǽ겻Ļƣ
û˼Ʋ죬ֲֹù׸ȡ
ûסЦͷֺʱûӦ˵ʱŶ
䵽ʱ죬뿪ʱѾǴˡ
߱˽һʮСǳأ³ȫͻ˽ϡڽģֻҪѰʬǣҲ˻ȥ
֮ûڽͣʱڻص̨
ʱ³Ϊӽ˽ϡ
Ҳһα̨ϵš˳Ϊ˳Ϊʽ彫ǧֻΪȻͬ٣
ڷ̨ϣýȥ
˵΢Ц˵


763 ۲
һȵǰ, , Ƕ԰İ
һ˵, еӬ䣬϶ϲߡҲ, ʿ̬˵ҪǸһ·˽, ٰǵҲ, ȻҪһ˴ȥϣҲӦˡ
һеĵ˴ҲΪƯĽɿڷۡ
ٰƤϵҲϴˣȺԵʮΡ
ܶȻǴк൱䵭еֱԹ, ӶƤϵҲҶŭ, һϴͶ˴
û뵽˽ã
Ҳ벻һ¡
ϴûйЩˡ
ҺÿƺҲкܶҪ̸гֶ̣ʱǾѾ˽ϡ
˴, ɿڸֵĴ뼯оЩ˳һ
˴Ȼ˷𣿡һżۣһȺͬĸ̾
ǰҲž, ʱ
ǰĴͼмֱѾ˼Ȼôʢĳӿ˳
ֻױ, ܹ
´, Щ˲ŷһоȻ˳ϴʱҴææ, ûϸ۲ǺεȾ;, ´Ƕˡ
ʿγСϰϰ͵һӺ뿪ˣûڰ߶ͣ
һʿὫϵĳȻ󽭴ز֡
Ѿһˡ
ЩӲҪ¿ûҲûͣȺǶǲ˿Լȥ
Ǻεȵءһ˸̾
ʣµҲζӳ¡
ϳ˳
߹ɿڵļк󣬾Ĵ䣬Ĵ·ǰƶޣ·ƽ̹޹ʯҲûڵķ㡣
ԵڻׯڣİտǺеŭĿӣеתܣеĺΧһܡ
Ҳ˼˺еũ߶ǻ
⵹же
ڳС񡭡
ϸЩ˵ĴŴ뽭˲ͬӦþǴӽӹˡ
ֹȻˣڴֵأһڡ
ڳҡͷͬе˵ŮСơд׳٣ˣ
ֻ˵ۿǲͬġǲͰֹһµġ
ôˣѾǵ
Ů˱òͨη塣
·нʯõڴ˵ȺȻͨׯ
òЦǣҪСİ
Щˡ
л붯ָЩһЩѵǻҲҶԳ¶̬֮ܿͱסˡ
˽Ϊʲôȥ𣿡ˣЩֲ³ˣЩڲڽ˵ǰֹеиӣЩڽµǽ¼󣬾ϰˡ
˲ţôܣĳôӦ
ôӿ룬ĳӦûǿҷԲŶԡ
㿴һ۾֪ΪʲôЩǲˡ
ˣ
Щ˳ԾĻں档
Ǽǰߣ˸Ĵ䣬ĵ·
ʮ˶ŰֹеΪʮ죬еÿһضн˵Ĵ䡣
ЩѾǽˡǴ³ף³ɣͷŮŷŮȣеѾա
һǣǼǼòϵĽʱ޵ҧгݡ
Щ˲òӿٶȡֱǸ˽һ
֪̽ǲҪȥӹ³˵Ҳȥӹ³˵Ǹ
Ͻȥӹȡ
ֱӻط̨λҪȥӹȣڴ˷ֱɡǽߵСױ˵ͦģֹĳСӵܡ
ʣ˭
Сֺӱϡ
Ȼӵܡ
ϾȻ
СѾǵԼĳˡ
˻֪Щ˲ԸֿλС͸ˡ
Ľ˲ܷɡ
ֳƺɼ֮ӵܵﶼʮ㣬ʵ۵붼֮
һӵܾȻԸڽһССĴ٣ϵ֧Ҳľ
йȻһνҫԭ򣬵ġӦҲˣ½䡣
ҰвΪ棬ϷǸɵӻʵ۵ǻ󣬽ҾѾ˷̨ڶʵ۵Ȩ
뽭ղûʲôϵ
ͱɴǸڣڴҪûˣȻйϵ
ƽݵȵس¹ʣҲֻǻһȥѡͬ˵һƽ¡
Թۣ֡
һؽ뽭Ǹоһ˿
û뵽ǴҪһλ˾Ѿ
ǿȴķסǿ裬λ˾Ǿ͵Ÿĳһ
ǰ㣬ʵ۳£̨ķ¹ʶԵúһֻڱ󻺻ƶ
һ˷̨˻ʵۣٵ˽ҾĻᡣյȵǰ֮壬ֻ¶ҪȵһԼˡ
ǽأ
һ³˾ͽڸý뽭˵
ֱ뽭һޣ
ݵļ뽪ĵִݡؼҳ˶ۣҪڴ˵س˽䣬ҲҪ֪֮˭
Ȼһ䣬˭Ҳ֪лм䡣
˶ԿóߣһūͶܱ̳ɻѵһԱ󽫲ɣ
бĽ콪Ϊк³˶ջ᲻Ϊ˽ڽ
֮У˭ɵǹ֮
ǶݸҷƣƽƽĶȹϯգ֮β潪䣬߱齭ǡĳǳﻹҴŭľ׼³ȫͳ³ĳǳأȽ׵ͷ­װںУġ
ȻĹֻǵĳţҲ֪ˣлᷢĹľĴϴһϡ
Ծţ¸ܴóĴҪĽҲǷҪƽʱҪѶ
οſþǽأͶʯͶأ
ѵԾ죿
˼ȥҲòϣֻзһ·ˡ
ȻܻٱҲ֡
Ǵ˴ǰһΪ˲̽Ļ֮˭ҲΪʾá
ǹ͵ĻʵۣĻʵۡʧˣǻڡֻҪ屣棬Ļʵ˭Ҫ
µĲǶһءϵˣǲ֪ҲˡϻǰһԼ͵˽£ʾá
һ룬ƽݵİϲҲ͵˽
Ȼһǽ׶ˡ
̨ϣӵţԺëѣŵݸǡ
ɡ
ëѴĹ󣬵Ƕ⡣
꣺ݳϴǧ꣬ز档
̾ǲ棬ⲻûĻ
꿴ɫͶʲôҲ̾òȰһأ»ԲԹ֮ܣҵġϴ󱦣ڲҲֵ𣿡
ëѸų⣺±лᡣǵ͵ģҪݡǮ˶Ȼʱܴ򣬸ɴǵʵ
Ҳų⣬˰̨⼸ĹƷأǵĶҪٺʡ

ֻǸóҲϲɱˡǹС񡱣Ϳİ˶ͽϲõֱӰ˿ģ̫ˣǵۡ
ԼҲѧϰһ·
ЧϷ


764 һ
˻ûе, ϸضѾ˵ˡ
Ͼǰ, ֹͿʼˣһֱһ꣬³ڽܿܺȥ޵꣬ͻȻ֮˵ڽƵݱ˲³ˣѾ϶͵ӹ, ϲɺأϲɺء
ϸص⡰ϲѶ󶼲֪Ǻáϵֹ߿϶ж, ûϵˣֻΡ
꽭ϸһսʱ, û˰ѷ̨
ڽҽܴ, ʱ, ͻȻ˵̨ɱȥ˽, ʤֹ̣һӮˣ
⡭
ʵǽܲˣ
Ǹҷ׷׳Ŵ̽ŸϢ
罭˶ʮɿڣ
ӡׯӡȵسľ嶼ǨƵ̨ƽɡ򽭡ȵؽ󴬳, ǧｭϰˡ
ٱ磬ӽһֱӹȣĴ䣬ȫǽ
ʱŽװŲ֪, ֻϡҲ֪ЩֱӾڽ˼, ȻΪ
ؽǶЩڡȻҪ, Ѿİտɲһ, Ҫİ˰鶡
Щں񶼹ǽˣǾҪˣҲ֣ڵȴʱ
ʱûȵֳµս񣬸Ǻڲ
ϽһΪһǣʵڽꡣ
칫дŸ꣬񽻶꣬ڶˣȴʼ˵һ˵ȥ̸һ̸ڣһδԽԽá
̨ͺӹʱҲֵ칫ꡣ
˶Գ϶ֱ˷ˣǰΪ˶Ϊء
칫ǰ类˵ˣ
ǰ̨㣬ʲôʱ򿴵ǫ̃Ƽң̨ûˣʵۺһȥӹˣ˻ǿ̨Ƽҡڷַ̨һˡ
칫ף㡣
꣺ô꣬Ȼƻ
칫˵ظǶװɵ
Ϊװ֪Ͳ£չ˵ţǲŻס
ţ̵ģ
칫ʮģ˶óװ̫ƽ
ڽϸһ뻹װΪ⣬ֹҲܵʵ۲
һðֹ³˵ʵۣ׼³˵Ұ¶ʱɣ
յţҲߵʹߡ
һȫƸӺ͵ȥӴ
յӲΪʱ
֪Щ֪׼ʵ۵Ĳ³˵ǰֹԼǻʲô飿
칫ǣҪһѡ
Ҳǣ˵ġ
Ծķ߲Ͳ
ͷɱ̫أӵͷϵĻʵ۱ŰرģܵʵȫƾԼԵµĳӵйܲסԼʤˣǰĻʵۡǰ顢ǰʥ˵伮Ȱ
칫ƻˣʱôﶥŹͷͷȥˣڷ̨һӣϷð
칫ҲлҪ˵ź£ǰֻһ˿Ŀʱ²£һһΣ˭Թ
칫˵ΪںӹȾ˶ܺӹ³˵Ҫʵۣ³ɴԾȫڡ
һҪб˿
㻹Ƹ͵ӣҾֻԼˣ
ƹ˵ڷ̨𣿣֪жңҪΪ³³˵𣿻Լҩ̿ͣһжӼȻȫҲ˯ž
˻౧Թһͨܶˡ
ƹ˵Ҳûˣ׼£Ӧҫˡ
칫˵ǴѾˣǴ̨
ƹ̽Ǳƹ
칫
ƹţĵйڣȷʵû˱칫ţȥ
̨Ǳˮһ飬Զ߶ɾ÷
¹ˣпʼһֱڣꡢꡢС¹Ͼûɹ
̨רܼһȺСľ׼ӦʱӦڵĺشǽд˽дĽ꣬Ϊ˷Ѵڣ롣
ë˵ǰɵĻʱϱʵۼ롣Ȼʵʮа˾ŲȥǾ̫Ǯˡ͵ûϱͷ֣ʵ۵һҪľµС
ǵְûϱʵ۲Ų֪Ҫ룬үˣֻⶼǵĴ
Ϊף̨ϵĸְ˾Ĺû¾дһʵ۵״ϲ״
ϲûбɥĶࡣ˵ҪдˣҪдˣȵȡ
ʵ۵ȻҲǲŵġ˵ԽأʵԽŵԽԵûʵ۸
ôġ
ëѳ˼Ƭ̺ǻۡ
ëѾʼ׸һճ껹Щ֣ƽʱ䣬ÿʱͷӶܵһڣ
ԴյһͽëگճҪƷ
Ҳй
Ȼڻʵۡʧ١̨üҪģү˭
ȻбüˣҲ˳µˡ
ëѡꡢ˶ʾ޳ɡ
Ƿ̨ҪǮҪگꡢͳȥǾͿʼ½̨Ͷˡ
һжж
ƹܼСǺܿ췢Լְ¼˴ҲûϵԼôãȥһ⣬ֹ׼룬ҸҪƷǰȥ߰˷ˣҲ߰˻ˣ
ôǮҲ˰Ұֹ鷳⵽׳⼸Сݵ̫ڿ죬һȰ˵֮󣬽ûӵˡ
ëѣ껹ûͣأôûݱҡ
ûͷûβģëҲĴǼСг£ˡ
ˣ
ҲǶʸϱļˣ游õܣܲĶ˸飬ֻܻؼҿ˼ˡ
Ҳͬ飬ǰȥʺ򡣵Ҳûдҩҽҵĵ޺Ҵҩҽ㲻þܲһ
ʺһ䣬ʾ㲻ҺżôѰТ˳Ҳοڼչ˼˰ɣĻѾұ˸ˡ
ëѣ
Ѿѡˡ
˺ļϱ빫һ¼룬Ȼ˲ǲүˣү˿Ǵ⣡ӣ
ʾҲܵү飬ȻҪ
תͷëѼҪƷ
ǷֹҪǮͿʼӹƷ
˶׼ˣ
ĦȭأųȥƿڴӲ͹Ʒˡ

ʾģһȺµġȻɵʹҲ׶ӡȻôһ˹Ʒ
ͷӵʾο˼˵û£˻ѩء˻ء
ҾͲһֱҪǾһֱ
ֻҪǲˣȥˣ
꣺
ôһֱµ
ð굽˷̨꣬ŻţŲӳء
ƷѾҲղˡ쵽ˣǿʼ׼ȹһѹڡ봺졣
ڽЯʤѾס˸ǵİѱ
ЩŴʱ̨̽ǳͶ
ƺҲ翹빫͡
վʪܵϣãȻžķ̨
Ī֮ꡭܿڸ֮֡һٴ
ȻʧЦ
ü˾޺ˡ


765 
굽ʱ, ڸ˶¡
£Ľȥ, Ȼܵõ׼ȷݣ״̬£һŵݾ㹻Ԥƽˡ
㵥ʱ̨ӹȵȵص㣬Ʋϵ˶Ա֮һ
̨һֱӣӹȵȵ˵ǿճҲΪɫܳء
ʵһЩ, Ϊֻܴӷ̨ǡӦ⼸ۺйǵ˿һֱȶ, ̨Դ, ӦٴΡģҲ˿ȱʧصĵӹ, ʮҾſա
ʮ궼̫ƽǳŻս, ȻΪžǺ߲
һֱڣ߶ûͣ
˿һֱòָ, ֻ١
ʮ, ܺתĻ, ϣ
ֵĴһĹҡ
ѾԤϵˡⳡ, ˮƽٵ˰ꡣ˿ڵ޷ָζû㹻, ˿ھͻ, ֱﵽһƽ⡣
ֱ׵˵, ùˣʣµ˾ͶܳԱˡ
ԴƾղԴȴҪ㹻֣Ҫɡ
սңǶشذܺġȻдӽ˷̨İն˼硣
뽭̬ѾԽԽ޷ƽˡ򷭣ϣǵǻֻһöԸǿУҵ˻ԽԽǿȴδػԽԽǿ
浱˻ʵ۾²ˡ
żҪͳһټѣҲҪȰѽ߶֮ˣңڳָȻʱ̾Žĵˣ²ˡ
Ϊ˼ϸԴΪ˸ƽȵĶɹ¹֮ļ꣬ǱҪҵġ
겻⣬˵ӱȥһҵĶǳڳޣǳڱ롣ҪңһǳߣڵĻδģΪ˼ϸԴҲãҲգҪЩԴ
ԴУڸУЩԴ˷
ǻƵۣ϶ҷġ
ѵЩҼڸڶ
ܡ
ûʱ䣬Ҳûʱ䡣
սˣͱɸƻ֮ǰս
ʲôֶΡ
⣬ܻᱩ顣
뽭϶пܣŽʬѻĵطпܻᱩ߲Ҫ׼
Ѿˣ鲻ڱǲᶳסģʱռ۴ؽʬдʬʬѻؽǳˮ괺챩Ⱦ߲
ʬҪࡣ
ڵ죬ҪƵƵۡ
ЩǲԹԾͷġڵ꣬ıҪĴţЩǺú
ͷһԵ´¡
ʱ˽ͨ˵굽ˡ
롣
ڲӭ
߽ȶ׵Ľ빨԰ݣڲ¡
Ȼˣȿһղ°ɡ˵գʾѸղµļԵݸꡣ
ӹĶʱüͷ塣
һ˶٣δضʳ̨յĹ϶͸ˡ
䡣
̨ǡӦǡӹȵĵ˶ʩ
Щط֮ĸȴҲ
ֻǼԹʱ˳ƻǱȣ
ʱս
ͲԸ⿴ˡ
ڶ£괺ֻ߲Ƕ㲻ȥˡǰҪۣҲֻۡʩֶΡ
ִɱ⡣
ȡеţ̾˿ǿ¾Ҫˡ
ΪʲôЩ˾ġ
Ϊǿ⣬׼ҧһڣռˣǴһһ̣һӮ
̨붷֮С
ţ칫鱨ɵʧЦ
칫ҲЩĳЩʱͻƹһ֡ôķꡣ
ҲǾ£µòǰԣΪǰ
ŻѡƹΪ
ͨȻ֪ģûйܣҲû˳˵żûҪߵ˶šߵ˶ǿŵģͻȻðͽ˽Ǿ˽ԼͥԺеĻ
ĻƬҶһ
д£ƹͻһ
ź˻ƹһϢ
һģнҵˡ
ƹüëȻøˣһ
á
̾
ãҲźˣѾݵˣô
һ˴ӽ뿪ʮҹͣǲͣ
ĳɲҵ֮׼˳֮вСҲ׼˸
ǷָڽеĻнʱͿˡ
⡭ѵǷ²

ɽȥǵôЩ˿г𣬵Ǻܺõأ
Щ彪뽭ĹϵֵǻԽϸҲʲôõӰ졪رȥ̨ʱ
Ǹ˸ˡ
һʮʮ١
䲻˶ˣֻ֪Ҫڶ֮ǰص̨
ǰߣųһβͣβͻԽԽ
еϵ˴һЩ¾ЩҲһЩȻŽ䣬ýص㣬Ժԡ
ϲ⡪ķ֣ϸлв³˲ϵģ
³˵ûжپ⣬³˵渺𡣿³Ҳ常£ȴûʲôӦȲҲʹ
˵³ϣΪӣʱվĸɡ
常Ϊʲôûиأ
ûб³˼
³ʲôģ
常ܣĪǡ
һ˺֮
뽭ߵҶԼĲ²⡣ǲô⡣
ǰгаֹ
Ĺǰ
Ǻǡ
û¶̸ֻ֮⣬֮У޵ļ
ܽ˭ֹȻзǳҪһ
ĳţ˵ġ
ǹ𣿡
евǵһμǡǻ˵ǰ޳Ǹȫͬ
ڴߣһƽ̹ĵ··ȴƽʺϳͨС
·ƽֻһ档
ľǣǰǵг̵ÿһ·𶼱˿ˡ
ҪЪϢʱˮԴӪѾǰˣɨӪأݿˮ棬ջǣȵȡ
Ⲣǽǰɳȥˣפڴ˵صվ뻤ͨվõϢǵĽų̣ǰһ׼á
һ춼ˣû˿ƫ
֮䣬ʮһ䡣쵽ʱʮһ䡣
ĺڵߣʺ򽪽һС
Ȼֻǲˣݾͽ˼֮ľ
׼µһλ۲ΰԵ˾ֻϴ󱦵һѡ
ǲһʱ
ϵ˵Ǹžš
˼ʧЦգ֪Դʧ֮󣬽ϸҪôڶҪôҰճأ¡
˵ľһֹ꣬
׼ΪϷ̨ء
һº˵ҵȵΪ


766 þò
̨ʮʱѾ̧ŮѲεİա
Ůʯ, ̧εĸòӡ
һ, ̧Ů֮⣬񶼹ˡִһҲкü, Ů׶һ, ͷϴøɸɾġ
ӹȥ, ˲Ϥϵķ, ŮǱص, ʽϵʲô
ϵһЦĴ, ⲻ, ǰֹŮ³Ų֮̊Ժ˽˲ðŷ
ڴӺӹȵ̨еĵطŮ֮⣬Ѿˡ
һ
ô쵽ģ
ϵڿɬ
ô쵽ģ
ȻΪŷŮĶ񰡣
뿪, ȻҪסֹǳôʱƹ³ɺŮ
ǷԺҲðջ, ֹ֮붯䣬վפһǾͷӵ
Ǳ֮Լ, ϻؼİҲ޼
ʣһǳޡɣ
ϵȴ
³ɣ
Ϊ³ɣղŲϹ磡
˵³, Ҳϸ˵֮, ³ɺ治ѡ·ĳ³ɷ, ȥ򡪡
ռ֮һռ֮һµĶǽҪԼְҵĵ
оȻ˷ҲܳΪһְҵ
ǼǺ½Ծݴݡõءͽϡ
һʵڽн벻
Թžūաڲͽ϶ˣ
գûһ¼Լ֪ʲôģȥѡѡоͿԵԼһһˡ
ֱǺ֣һ˵Ͱˤˣתͷȥ׼ȥҽ˳ܡ
ֹôôأðŮɱˣ
Ȼͱ侲Լˡ
Ϊʲôɱ
ȻΪɱ
̨ҹܲӹڵҶ
ˡһ˷еֽ飬Ŀ˼
ˣȴûһ˵ֻгصĺ
̾ʱᵽĺ⡣
һͲʶˡէһ׷ףϸ˼˴ս
Ƿ̨һϸϸ
һҡͷǹǣȻӦǣǷ̨
̨֮Ǻӹȡ
ӹ֮ǽ󰶡һϥžˣ
˱һЦڻһƬž
ûЦ
ۿϵĸıý˸ĸоλԤе˾ǺεȵĲͬѰ
ɴʱҲ಻֮ͬ
͵Ļʵ۶Ըʮֿݣ¹֮ȴûжԸ̡̫ϹΪѰıӻ
Ļʵȴһ㣬Ƿֽس֮д˼ʫСĲ嵱ʱμӴʵ۵ļʱʫ裬ǳŭ
ʱ񣬽ھ󣬻ǴӦÿ갴ʱʵۣƽϢ˸ɸꡣ
߰ٶȥµ˾ƺذգ
ҵ˼󣬶⣬һҪ̽ͼ
˿ԲҲȥ̫Լ
Ȼ㽪Ҳģ
һʮǣǾͲλûеϴ󱦵˾أ
̨ԽԽˣذռҲˡ
˵ԭֹŽʤһʢļ룬飬ҫʤ
ϸѶ󣬷׷ʾԽĳ밮Լʤ֮顣
̵ʫҲ˳Сﶼг
ٿĶʱҲԶԷĶŶгҥ
еĽҲЦ
ǳԾĲֹ·ĳ򼸺˷ǳõ·ֽʵ·нٶȶӿ˲١
н;иǿڸֵİաţ״ص磬طֿ
ҶԾˣΪǵĳﲢû硣
رǻţ磬һţξˣ
Ǻεȵٶȣ
ϽҶ֪ũǷǳҪġ
˳ȥ̽ǲ³֮ֻ˵ǹģҲ˵
ҵĸ죬Ѿ˷̨
յķ̨˿ѷɫǽŶմгò񻰣˵ļаʮﳤ
һ·Žǰʿ룬û»ӪȻǴʿȥҫġ
ҲӦõġ
ǰѾ˵Ⱥˡ
ȥǳһͬȥݼֹ
һ̽ʣֻǰݼ𣿹пбĹˣҵֻʧ񣬻뽫ֱ档
䣺Ȼֻйλɡ
˵գ彣⣬ôֱӽȥˡ
֮ȴҪ£ҲڹȺ
һȺֻøڽнȥ
Щ˲ź֪ķֻ½ǾҪݼֹˡ
Щ̫ˡ
һ׷ǰĽ䣬еҵȳ;棬ۣ뽫ҵȻȥʰ룬ݼ
䣺سѵȻؼټǸһģҵȻҪȴȥܷߡ
⻰Ҳ
Щֻˡ
ҲС⹬ʮһڣ岽һڣضѲߵ
ԶҲܿŲҴҵǣŵС򵣻̧
ⲻһûлʵ۵ĿյĹǣһѾ˵Ļʹ
ȴҪԼȸϡߵ˹ǰ
̨Ѿǰͬˡ
ǰԭĵ԰ѾˣļʢŵĵǶɴļٻûˣȡ֮һ
ʹ֮ΧĹԿæµţǰ£Ͻ¶гʿ
пΪ˲ɹ⣬Ŵ󿪣ɸ񴰣Ѿʱڣ˶ɪɪž޴ĶƮʱʱĿееȥʢһһߺһ߻ͷдʲô
µ˿ˣæͨһҲӭ
ָЩǱĽϽ˵Ҹطϴһͨ
Ǵһ׷׶ԽлȻ͸ˡ
һߣһȥ׼ɾӺ͸ɾˮԱϴԡ£ҪҪ档
˲ϵ˵֪ͽ˵ϲ룬ʵǹκӡ
˷׷׾ܾ棬úõĺӹʲô
ߣһƬᣬ޵ģոµúܡ
˽˵ѡĹķᣬʴȣڹûеطϢ޽˹ᡣ
ʣҪǼĻҲϴԡ¡
üܾˡѾ·֪ˣֹѡγ¹һЩӵܣȻҲͨƾٲ빬Ϊ٣һ³˺ƼҲʦӣֻҪǮѡ١
ôֿеͼ֮˵ĵطϢأ
УУ
˺ǵļ֣˵ﲻеĻǰ浹ʵ۱ùľɹңҲɾ롣
ȻʵѾû˹ˣûʵ۵ľɹҸ»ǿԵġ
Ƿ׷ͬһߡ
ĵطûʲôˣֻܿȥ
Ҳԡڷ̨ûлʵۣ϶Ҳлʵ۵ĺ󹬸ˣֹֻʹǰĹյ³Ҳֻǰ߶
ڣһĹĴյģֻһŵľݣǾˡ
׼ϴˮЩ߽ȥ󣬵£ˮǾͱ£ţ뿪ˡ

Ҳϴ裬ͬǳﻹн߱ϰְ֡
һˣëˢӴͷˢš
߱ȻѾ̫ǵðְˣӳïʢҰˣϲ
ȽѺӹˣͷ˳ˣҲˢúͨͨĴ࣬ݽˮ߱ϳ˰ְ֡
ְһС߱ͱǱ˳ȥ
ǹţЦ˵齣ȺĶʳõĶŶгкȣɡ
䱧ס˳ӣϣһ˵û·
ҲЦҲòϡ·
ſϣ̯֫˵ۣһ·ˡ
ķ˵𶯡


767 
ͣ
ÿһѾ, Ҳû취ˣǲͣѾǳƣˡ
һ̣ܸܵ޴ҸԸΪһȥ
ΪһѪΪս, Ը⡣
ǵ¹ͷ, ˮϡ
ʱǵڶ糿, Ƕѵġ
Ѿ·ڶԳԷˣʢһ˹
ˣŲԡõ࣬õȶ˹ˡ
˲Ҫ, ֻŲأһ, ͺͽ, ҧ
һȳ, ǻˣҲˡ
ٶ˸һǱ׾, ֵֶֶһڹɾ𿾱ԡһŹôĿ, һҳԱˡķɣһƬ̾ͳĺࡣ
ںҲ, ͦ, ۾Ҳ˯ˡ
ٴ, ȥϴ˸裬˹λ
һҪ𣡡ơ̫ˡۣ»ǺܾİҲܹ֡һ಻Ҳ
˾ôŵţ
ֱţ˵ƹѾڹºˣһվһ죬ͷͶţҲʵǵǣŲòţܲͣһͣŽ˯ٻȥа
˵Ļƿڴʵû˵
һ⣬Ҫʱݺݳһ磡
˲ŷſԱһȥ˯һ
˵ϺݺݵҧһڲŽŲ齱ͼվ
Ƭ̺ڹл
Žȥҹȼ㣬ûʲôŮ֮ζ
أѾ·ϵǽĹı仹һ׵ӡˮ⡣
ɳƵһҪѸߴ̫ˣ̫Ѻˣ
Ƚ˵ĳЦʰ룬ԼˣҲ˷ˡ
վ죬ͷҲŲסˡ
˷ϯϣƾţ̧¯ţڵĺ潪ȡů
ҲƾһӿŲƿƾԱһһֱЦˣ£ЦеĹ£һŪĿε棬Ŷʿʣк£ƬҲȲã
꿴⸱Ŀˮ޹ǵģĳѵ졣
СƬ̡
㲻˵Сʤ»顣
˶ЦˡƾЦûŸ첲ֱˣ
ϢҴҸëѱһЦһãȻĵ׷ˡ
ӹû
ëѽͿ˺ݣζӳ¡е벻ڽ
벻ǻƹǴѹİ
¾״ƹĳɫ죬ǲǲˣѽɲãȥϢ˵վ͹Ҫǿзȥ
˦ְëѸƵõɸˣžһĿڣ֪ݳ쳣
˭䣬ƾŵڿڣȻףǸĽݳӵܣھڡء
ȻҡͷԶϢ
ȻѾΪµǺüˣԵ۾棿
ëҲƺҲܹġ
ĻȻ򣬵ͷ档
˻ţġ
ûа˺žͿ
ҪȰȰʮҲͲˡ
꿴˵ѣһ˾еˣһæסëѺͽˡ
ëҲס̽ôҽ
ڰ֣û£û£ǸղǰһЩȡ
̾࣬αˣ
Цҡͷ̧ͷĿӴŮεȾɫ֮ˣôڴأ
ʢĳܣʧˡ
̫ˣ㴭Ҿͱŵˡ
Ĭ
Ҳˡ
ʵѾŹˡǽϵģǽġ
룬ëͻȥת㡣
Աߵĸڣ̾͹ˡЦЩص뽫ȥɡн£蹫ġ
ҲЦڰ֣빨£ȥһ»ƹ
λȰ빫Źҵ£ʧЦƹߣĳˡ
ǰ̨һ궼١ƫƫǹɱˣ꿴ȥ
ǲ
Ҫ칫վߡһ£š
ӽƽԺ󣬴Ѿ֮
ʼ˼ʲôµǻá
ɵӰСɵ˺Сõķ١
롰ƽݱ䡱Ҫľͱĵǻܱ˽ܣС
ǻƹ칫ͱվˡ
ܸһӡǾʵۣƹ칫ͬģһ̵ġ
ͷӻŵʱǻ
ԣƹڲܳ¡
Ҳټŷ
ڻƹɵֻһɵȥƭЩ£Ҫס
ѾķʽûƹŹˡ
ڣƹĻġ
ʱҪһԹȥ͡˵ƹ
壬ֻܰˡŹ̾ʵǷء
סůСָ֣ˡ
Ц˵ľǡȥݷûƹֻȥ֮ǰһʵЩˣɱɱ
ЦҡͷֻǴŶѡ
⣬Щ˴Ҫ̨ˡ
ЦˣҲԷĸ߻ƹˡ
Ƽҡ
ӹѾЩŲסˣǱ̧³ġ
ҽҲųˣӣȹһСѲξơ
ҽҩ
ϧúܣǰġ
ξ¸ԭƵɫŻһʱƣϱЩŲסˡͺˡ
ҽǻڸϴʮ죬ʮ£ǲŻع
ƼȻŲѣץסëϸʣëҡͷ
ǿϸңԴӽ˷̨֪¾й¶ȥ
˼ˣֻëѡ
ë̾˵Ķԣƹαˣ
꣺ëѣٷϴˡңǮ˴
꣺ţļ˰ɣԶҳճʮ̨̤꣬һ𣬴ûձ˵һ仰ڣ¡
ëѱƹ㲻ȫ֮ˡһ£Цɹǲģ칫ͬϵ飬һǵģ
㿴ɱ㣬˿ѵΪ𣿡ë
侲˵ˣƴҵĺˡ
ë׵ǰݺĴգùƴĺˣ
п˵Ҫ¿ͷлķӣѵ벻
òϹƼҺˣ
ëܻĳƹ˼
ǡʱ˽ͨá
ëǹȰġȻȥˣΪ֮
˵գȻ˵˴һ뿪ˡ
걻ëСӽѵһ٣еɥ뵽һͽˣˡ
ʱǹʺá
㣺࣬ɺã
겻װһݣָǰ¡
Ϳ˵壬ǰʺ࣬к£˵һҲŽһ


768 
꿿ƾ, ɳƵصһж, ͹ˡ, ذ, ҪϢˡ˵վԹԵƿƾˡ
ͷӿûʲôġɹһǰС, о, ԲŻٰ̡
빫ʱζģʱֶʩչֳ, 껹⸱
㣺ƹԸһ³Ĺ£걳ûж
֪˯ţҸͬ㡣Ҹڹ, ڼҲˣӴʮĻ, ֪޾ʺ򲻽ʱҲŸոء
ܰƼҵҲԶˡ
渵
󣬹ϱŲڼг, ܸ׽̵߳, ƢԱҡڼ, ȴһ, Էڡ
Ц
ˣ𣺡㸸, ηЦ
㲻, Ҹʮ, Ҳڼжʮ顣ֱҸΪϲ, ϲ֮, š
Ŀɿڴһ׮ΪҵĹ£ɣ֮˲ñң˸Ź֡
㣺ұңͶʱ빫ŲʶΪҽ֮¡ҡҡͷ
ȤʣѵʱĹ
㷴ʣһн͵Ů˭Դ𣬡ҾûаѹСκһˣûаСһ˹Ĳ֮
꣺˺ڣ
㣺빫аʦ֮꣬ܳƹһС̡üǺͣںδĪ³
Ц֮󣬹һƣȫĳڡ
ĺëˣ
̾ɣ˳ƷɡϧƷƷ񣬲
Ǿȥ𣿣
Цأ
ڻţǹ
Цңҵʱһǽ֮ĵطá
ʱŻȻ
ԭʱ³丸ʱȨֶξ˿ң
Ϊڷ̨˵칫
³գϱɱˣ̣ˡ
굹һպ㾹Ȼ˳ͲҪ
Це˵һиءƹ֪Ҹ볯ʱз뽯ա빫ཻƣҲһӣ󰮡
ͷ⵹ǷϹ硣
֪ô룬ˡǰĹɱˡ
ʱףСϷ͹˽丿ٰˣŪΪ¡
꣺
磿ǽ
ŭ³ɳǡСҵŮУ곤ΪһΪκһΪСȥӭع̶£Сͱڹб֮ʱҹһţ޶ûзŹ
ƿԡ
ַЦС빫ԼȡΪأԸɱޡұţӳ̨ʱɱʬ޴档ص˼ϥǣСúã
걯ؿŹ㣺ˣѾˡ
ЦŶ˵ƹΪҷˡû֮ǰǰ׻ˣ֮ܣԸԴ֮󣬲֪ж³Ϊֻס̨ǴĵطɳʱѾࡢ֣κطƣ̾˿˵Ҳ繫˿ɼĿȵؿ꣬ƹ֪뽨һʲô磿ҽʲô벻ûңʲô
벻
Ҳȥ룡
һ¶Ըȥ롣
ʮǰ˸еҡΪΡûң¾ˣػ˻±ֳֻԷӶסϡûңʣµ鶼
˭ҪôΪС
Ҳ
ô˵ˡ
ӷ̨ӹȣһһ䣬ճǸ֣ͳʳǷ֯в˿ĳߣ¡
ľ췿ӣཱིƿƹޡ
ûΪ˥´ҡ
෴³ҵ׼˽ޡվͰ֮糣ļȥ
ûѡɵĹѧ³ֺ³ɵĲӬüªķҲûаղѱ·
ҵµĺôȴԶ׼
ӹȳ˹أںӹȸ֣ӹȳʳͶ˹
ӳūĵϣ˹İա
Ѵжظǣ˽ͨʹ׵֮ҵءءء
̫Ӵˣ̫Ķңͻõµ˿ڣԼ졢ĲƸ
ҵì޷ġ
ùŹҡ
Ҳʾҷ
硭
Ҳ뿴硭۾
Ц
ɲûǵڶɡɹȻ뱣ң᲻ϧһҲҪֶԵ¡ȴûݾġ
ҡ
ȲԾҲŭȻӭ
ǻùãǿ
þӦ֪Ĵˣ²ֻ֣ǾûҪҪɱ˲ܴﵽĿġ
ŻˣӦûͨˣˬĸˣǰ˵٣ڼҺúϢʲôʱٽҲ١
ıӰȾֿԳֻڹУֵÿˡ
̨
쳺ͼþȫڰһ鰸ˤˣϽ£һůůͣǾ˵ˣλŻ𣿡һȻ򣡾ŵƶ˵ٲǳȥǾͷŻˣ˳Ƭ̣̾ǼλμӹʱһСĽ𣬽λˡ
ˣλķŻɣȵʬ׻úͻȥġ
ˣ
쳴磬ߵǰ˵ں䣬ܲЩȫǹŵģǿЩסܴеڻԡͰﲻ
һ̫ˣ
ԽԽ䣬ǵ·ˣôӣӳȥˣ֪Ǵаֹķ̨еӳһӾͱˡ
쳴ӷºͷ۲ѡ
˵ô죿
˵ҽȻ̧ȥҽΡ
˲·ĶãһͣζҪҪ٣Ҳ
ôǵʲô
ʲô¶ȰǷų·Ǵˣ̸
ֻᷢЦ
ȷʵһȫͦЦģ˳ЦҲ
ʲֻô͡
Ҫ̶ã
֪
ٴӽѾˣˣûκһˡ
죬ǸճԹڵĶʳ˻ͦů͵ġ
žһڴʲô壬Ǻúܸˡֻóǳ˵Сӡ
˽ʳ
ʣʲôˣ
Īǡ
ЦȻǱ¡
쳺˶һ
»ţ
ڷ̨
£˺˱£ȥ£ݼ¡
ſڳֹһһûȥˡ
ͷǣſŴϣһµԽԽȻһ׳˽Ժֺܿܳȥˡ
Ϸ
ǰ裬뱣
Ц»ǵﰡ
䣬ǰ쳣ʵխС봰૵ĪǡǰǱסĵط
ֲùôã


769 
쳵ȱڵ, պ, Ǽ˲ٴΡ¡
Ȼܿ
ȫĸߴÿҹҪץȥϢʱһȺΧ֮, ൱·
Ҳ˿ɻ̸¡˵ǰ̺˶ˣ±ץӹȥ˲ٵĿ࣬ڲһ, ôˡ
쳵ȻҪ̾һ֮̾󣬾ҪʢްֹȰ
ЩֻаֹҲһ
ǱΪٻһˡʦ֮
ûС
ֻй
Χ¯ҹʱ, , ǿԴ󷽷̹Զԡ
Īǣֻйĳһҹ, Ұ⻰ˡ
ȿ, ʣµ˾͸Ҵ˵ˡ
Ѳ³˵뵱ʵˣһ˽ŵ
ɡǶۼ³˵ģǸɵӡ
ȻôɵҲǸɵӡ
ѵʵֻ֣δʱһֱΣǿǳǸ
׷, е˸ս˷
ҹһ˵
ڶ, Ǿĵĸ˻, Է
ﻹ˻, ȡů
ο, Ȼû·
, ֻ˵, ˵ҵһƬ, Ϊ
ˣϵˣλ͡ҵΪ˶
ˣԹ˵Ȼ˸
˵Ҫʵ۾ͲҪʵˡڽϰѰһ칫ƹǸˣ˵Ťòˣڻڼﲻϳء
Ҳɳһˡ
Ǳʹ켫ˣ˵ļ޾͸ļޣ˵ݷݷ·˭֪ͿϰѾɷ嵽һߡ
˵߾ͱȽĸڴֻ߲ϵȽĸѹ
̾徭ǿǾݡ
ʵʵ۵ܸĳ뵱ʱҲǷֲġĩĻʵҲǲôĵģʵ嶯ĵĺôͰư͵Ĵˡ
οо͵£ǸΪƹҡ
Դ͵Ļʵòøˣ˺ٻ˵궨µԼŴͱ˴
ǴΪͺӻǰһֻĹ˶ѡ
ȴ𽥱˵ƣһ˸Ȩǲò׳Ƴ
߰ȨĽγڵĴ
Ҫһˡ
ߣǹΪû˴ǵһǰһԼž򡣡
ЦصĻ˫ۻԸ۹֮
ۿǾ
˷̨׼д
ëѾգ˲ٶڼУҴҸϵ˷̨
һ糣Ҳڶλ¡
˽ʺãֻнͽ
º󣬽ŶԻ깰Ϊ
ҲŻز´̽ռɫпɣǲѾˣ
ѻȸ
û뵽ȸһ
ҲǺ¡ʡϾýһ򣬻ûӵ֡
ֻվл󽫾ĹػȻˣʹ󽫾
ͷĳ빫Ҳܷˡ
亹ðһᵽ۾֮ơ
Ȼ
ֻЦУԹһڣʽԼ뻹ʲôҪûУ
ҡͷֻҪȼһڽʿգ֮
ġ
գ
¡أͷһСᣬĵҪϼ磬ҲСϼ֣⸱ֻаʱҲµð亹ˡ
ͷ̧ʵںôһˡ
ëԱ߻侲Ҳ̧ͷ
׸һСëѣġ
ëѣ
׸С˺üͼأ͸û뵽վʹ⸱ˡ
ң
ëѣ
׸СЩ³ôᣬҼöడϻظǾûҡػǱײˣȻֱǸȥˡ
ëѣ׸Сҫ⸱ϵһֻ񣬾βϸƯˣ㿴¿ǻ᷺ģ
ëѾĿȥȻչ̵۾ʹᣬеĹͷȷʵ˹Ρ
ᡣ
ù
á봷
Ҫա
һǿҫʤүǴʤˣⶼıӵıӻ֮£
ڶռҫʤүΪʲôҪȥأΪǱ۸ˣЩ۸ǵڶܵѵˣ
ջǿҫҪǿ佪εӢεȴȰֿݣϧСС۸̳ˣ˵˵Ҳûǿѹˣ绹Ǻƽģ»̫ƽģС˲۸ǿĻҲ¡үģһжû⡣
еΡëѸϽס
Ϊչһ챻Ӧǻʵۡ
վ˶ûӦΪףǵʫ趼ǰùģֻֻˣϤ˿ܸûֻˡϤĿҲû֡
ҶƽĹš
򵽽ǵˣеۡ
ղ⣬ܽ䡢ǿñһٳ嵽ǰһǿˡ
գսȥˡ
գ͡ӽһ͡
գϽ˶ˣͷ
ֱˡ
ڰգߣˣҳԺúȺ𣿼ĳ
ھգˣˣǣүǣ»ټ
վ˾죬һ컻·վڼ̨ϡϵΪʵʵҲס»û취档
ôԹڣЦҲǲ棬ȥˡ
룬Ǹ⣡
󣬷̨ϵİۿɼĶ̩ˣˣŲˡ
¼˻Ǯ֮ûô԰պ˵ǸοȺʽġ
Ȼһ̣һ˶û취ġ꣬ҲζεѾˣߵıԷŻؼˣˣ
پü뻨ǮҲòϣΪȺʽİοдڵġ
֮󣬺ܿǶˡ
ڷ̨ϣҲšǻ˴ݣƳɺĲݵӣϡǸ֮ǰµ磬ʱ򣬵ȵһǾͻһĳɳ¼ͿһŲ֣һڿ飡
Ѿµũһ֣ȥĵܿ챻һգ̨İǷ³˵㣡
һȥŮϹһڸʱŮӣΪʲô³˵ʳøأѵŮֻ³
ǷΪ³ϲֻƶ
³ϲƣ̨İղϲΪǼ
ֻ³˵ֻƶ
а֪³İأĳһ³ʲôʲô³糿ʲôʱȥʲôʱȥ³˼ʱոҲʱո
һ꣬ճȷʵˡȻǲ³ˡ
ģԽԽİշ˰ء
Ϊƶܹӻʳʳգ
˵д˹£ѧһǲʩƶˣΪʲôʩĶ
ϸ룬Ұ˳ս޲ʤҲе㡭
ƶƶôˣ󶹽ߺȱ˵ɡ


770 ֮
ҵ˶Ƕ²ȵ¡żӦ˿ڵĴӿʳʵĶȱ
Žӿ, ִһ񳱡
ϸǶаճӣ̨
ǴȥͿʼ, ֪ʱѾӹȣ̨Ҳµгˡ
ճʮ֮˾Ÿ˰йءںӹµ񾭲һصģӵԭȴͬС졣
һֵ˰ðղظ, Ϊ̨Ůڼ˳Ч, ʮ֮˾Ŷ˵̨ϵŮ

Ҳʮа˾·ڰֵֹǲ˰ģ鶡Ů˵ĻҲԶһˡ
һ˰鶡ʱǲԼͬˡ
Ұǵľ֮ԶԶǵ
İΪ˳ɹ, ȻȽ˰ܵģ
Ǵ쵽춼ڽ˰, ˰Ͷ, ȫҲһڸ, һ, ôˡ
ܶǵĳûвǲˡ죬˴, ǲŷ֡ûˣ
, ӹѾ˴
칫֪ͨվأ
Է̨˵Ǻ¡ǡǹҪġ
칫ǳһ㡣
ڷ̨, ߡȻ˽⹫, ͻֱ֪ͨǣץˡ
һΣֻŵ̨, ʲô뷨
վӺӹȽϢݵ̨Ҳһµʱ, һ, ӹֻ㣬ֻࡣ
ζŽó취ٵʱ䣡
Ϊ봦ҲҪʱ䡣£ͻڷ̨֮⣬Ǿ͸鷳ˡ
˰ѽϵ˶һʾһӡ
Ϊ˱ʾʻ൱֣صģ˰Ѵ׼ãëѺͰ׸˰Ѵġ
»ʱֱŤ˵ңû
ҲɷˣҪʲôִ֮ìؼף󲽽ʱɱڡ
ͱ鶼һˡȻǰʱѾˣж֮ҲǸׯں
ڳڴеǸʮǿսķѪĽ䡣
˲ʱ׼ɱ˷ŻһҪ׼ʱ䡣ǰ϶ǲҪʿǰһ
ſһס
ͦġ
󣬽ϵҾͶˡ
óѾˣһͷˮ϶˼ζҲˡ
һȺ˰ݵڵ¡
λϣʱǲڣë׺ü˶׼ˣһʡ
˭δĸϣʦӺˣʲô飬꼸ˣ޶ƽʱûиʲôĵĻ£
Ҳǵһμʶֵʻ·湻ӵġ
ߵͣЩʷһƪʫдʲôʲô˶Իģεĺʵȵȡ
֮һһġ
µʻҲˣֱһ䰴˳
ôʹһۺ󣬵ǰЩ˾ԱˣϵҲʶˡ
žʵĿʼëͷһʣһˣ˵㳤ôûĵ£ǿ£ûȰ룬ҲǲԵġ㿴㸸ˣȥȰ
ն
˼һӲŶðĴҷҸΥ壬׵µĻҵȻȥȰῴһֱȥ
ܷѴ˸˿ʼ˵ʲôͿԱ¡ǲΥ壬סûΥǾͲ
ëѵȻóЦ㸸Ϊ̫أȴķۣʹ°˽ӣѵǴߣΪûȰ
̱ףҸһΪϧƶ񣡲֪ǺܸҸԸʣ
ëѰһֽ빵ˤȥ·Ŀãʵأղŵͽ˵ܸ棿
һ˵һľ顣
ɽɱ̫㣬ҧ죬˵˵ʵ飬ܱҲë˵ȶû취ȣĵͲ˵㲻֪ؼⲻȡʱ𣿷Ҫﶶ飡Žܸ潪ǲ
һ˵̨֪֪˭ĵ̣潪˵ûˣܸӮ
ëѳƬ̣СӸĿڵʱ䡣
ϴ֮ļᶨֻԸһףǾȥɣ
ëص̾˿˵ɡ
£ǽҸ
ʹɫ԰Ÿտ
ףúȡ
һˣ˱ذƵϡ֮󣬽ͱףбƣ̰Ȩɱȶ
ϵҡߡϺ󣬿ʼѰ֧ߡ
ϵܱѡԽĵúܣǰǻżмëһ֪³ģͬ飬ҲֻܱĿҡͷ಻һѣľͰĪˡ
Ҿ˵뽭˳֤
뽭Ҳ
ҳʱΪʱ㣬ñȽҪö࣬ʱ˸衣
ϵ˿ʼ¿ߣ˵ɫе֡
ںЩѵ֮ǰû׺ô𣿸žһ˳˵콵ǣͻɽȻҵŽ⡣
˽仹һû֮⣬˵ɫ̫ԣǸǼɫ
Ȼû׺ôǾͳˡ
һ㡣
ˡ
תһ룬ϣȴ൱
ëѵ˵ɫѾԽԽˣ½
ΨĵĽ仹һ򶨡
϶û
ڸеԶֻáġ˵˰ѽй
ȥҽ䡰ġ˵
ųìܿɰĵϥ£
򵥵İ˵Ļ˵رµһ㵱ʵۡ
ˣϾ¶ɱܲɱ
ԥһ£ǵ˵ͷ
Ȼ֮ǰЩ˹һӣûϵǻ뵽Ҫƽ䵱ʵۡǲ֮ƣЩ˶ˡ
˵ûû룬Ҳû˵ϵ£ûɵɡ
ˡ
ץס֣Сǵ˵Ǿ仰
ͷߵǰ˵ģɱ㡣Ȼ۳ìͱ˸Դ
ӽì𣬵Ѿҳһˣ׷׾С
ëΪ׵˻ȵûվĴܡ
ǰɱ£Щ˵Ҳǵһ ˡ򶨡
һìһƾĽ˶ɱˡ
Ǹ״ĽһûЩŵɫƨ
ʾ˻ȥдʫ裬ǵｪҺ֮١
ģûɱ䣬׼һĶˡ尡
һִסһ߳շ˸ۣдûʶˣ
һҲҪûʶˣ
ǾͶȥ飬йžôأͻдˣ
Ժ󣬽ġ١ڵʿӵĴºܿ˳ȥ
ִˡ
һΣҪȥЩв֮ȫץסɵ
Ȼȥϣǵʡ
ӹ˽ɱ˵׳٣˵ִ˽Ų
Ǻߵ̫죬˷̨ǻᱻץ׳ġ
Ҫ̣϶Ҫץİ


771 һս
ˮΡ
Ѿһˡ
ؽĶɿֶ˼, ³˴ӽϳ˴, ཭˳û͵ɵ, ۡ
ͨз֮ӹĽպܿ콫˵صδ˼磬˵ȷʵ״ͬ
ؿֶٵǱ˰, ȨϽ, ǶǹİգֻҪ
Ǩ겻˰, ڴ˵һ꣬ջʳȫ£
Ǩֻ, Ը, һһ˷, ȫۣ
Ůӿ, Ů֮ң鶡ʱһ飬һ, ж, ʮ顣
Ůߣһ¹÷һ, Ի֮ʡ
⾹Ȼģ
ˡ
Ϊ֮񣬽ǡӦą̇̄ӹĵظ˰, ӽ϶ɿڵǴ´, ˰
븮Ǽ, ƾ۵, ˵ȡŵȿڼΪߵȡȿɿͽȿٽĵȿعΪһȣΪ̨֮
ӽϵУǰֻҪѧ³ֺ³׾ܱѡΪСֳƲӬ٣չһһְջ顢ɥ¡
Ůӻ׶̾Իһ˸յʱͿŮвʮС⼸ˡ
ǰΪۡūĽ˽Ϻ󲻵ѼΪԿͽụ̂ǼõģΪٽйñӻˣ
ûмյͨգֻҪֵؾл·
˴ӽϡ
ٴǰʱľ;ӭӣڱ
ڽȥŻҪȥףûʲô˾⡣
սв̾ٵĽأ̴ֻòģû´̵ġǲݰ
ȥﶬʱڣٰ̨ĴĿһ³˵ݣڴϳ˷ͷô᲻أ
϶룡
ӵĽǳһ亹ĺ½ǳģȥһڴ
ǻ潪׳Уݣͽ伸֧顪Ҳȥռռˡ
̴һб˴һռ
⼸֧ҼĸһǴˡ
аգѾ˽
ػ´ߣҲһϳǵĸµĽ֪磬ϰҲǴս˴󽫾Ѿ֪ҲżԹ֮ǰ鶨ķ¡
ϾǰǶ߱ˣȥҲ·
ǵ˹ƶûϵһڽתһ꣬Ŀľģ
һأ֪Լȥһ·ЩֵܿɻΪӦ㲻ӡ˴ڽкһ죬Хȥ
˴չѰӪء
ҵΰĴӺ󣬸ͿĵԳҵ˭˭˭ҵģݷá
ֻнµļÿıʿɵӵţ̿Ϳ븽ڿԺס£ҪҪŻؽϰҪҪȥհĳǡĳǡĳĳǣǶңֻһҲ˵˴ˣȻˣҪҪȥ̽һ
ȶΪӦȥǸڽҺôԵģ˼Ǵ̣ȥںռЩôռЩ
ıʿ̽ˣЩ˸ûսʵĿľǸڴʰ©ġ
ıʿһ󣬿ͿȥǰǮҪԼͰɣ
ȸǵʿ´ˣϳЩʿںδݺڣ
ʿѰطӪϽذѾ󽫾ռˣĿյضûУӪˡ
ذҲѸ˵ȫӳˡһ仹ǻѧƭˣ뽨ӪΣ
ֻǧˣôҲﶼŵµġ
ԱڽߣûӪأֻҰ̶ȥʱͻһͻ󽫾̾ͻѸ˸ץˣ
ȥıʿۣıʿֱ׳˵ͨƣܰŴ󽫾ݣʱʱԸ󽫾ȻҪţݶԾ˵ζʲôǻܲ
˵ǵʿɧˣ˵ʳƷЩǴ󽫾ģ
ƿԣֻóǮıʿŹЩʿɱǰ
ıʿʱЦе˵ʵԼˣôɱǵıأֻҪϰµĻѣİɡ
ǻǮȴûȳֻԼҵıȥɻ
˰£ˡ

սҪģܲ׬˵õôǮ֪Щıǰͨׯںǲ£õ˾溦¡
Ըڵ˹ȥˣһҲţ
ҪıʿˣȴıʿʣҽҲ˵һ׮¡ĳЩּĻ壬֪д£

ǵȻеģ
ǰĻû¸żǧıأԼϰ˰һǧ׳Ѿƽʱˡ
ǰб԰ˣҲ缸ɱˡΪǲֵصģȴֵءÿ䣬׷еǸǵĲأһǵĳֻҪԼװ͹ˣ̫̫ȫˣ
Ҫˣֻʱĵı壬ʾûк
ȻǸôҲͷĻʵɵӡ
ڣڱ˼ҵĵϣ˵ʡ
ȵϣնش޴£
ıʿЦɵȻˣǱˣдŻȥҲɴŻؼңм׼ñ飬ʱɣԣǾͲ⡣ҵ塣
ǲ˰ɡ
ıʿϣôԲأˮõ𣿲ɲɣıʿķҪдţȴȵıʾĲˣ
ִ£ǱбӪˡ

ϾûѱھӪͷ档ûиǽôס
һҹ֮˺ü٣·оͲӰˡ
˼ˣ±ˣȥû취Ȼھʹűȥˣ
ϾģҲ
ôһں󣬻˾͸ˡ
Ҳʣµĸʧȥͬ󣬲ԼͬĲٸıʿ鷳
ʿܣ
ȫ͵ӪС
ô죿ǲԴУȻһϣ
ıʿЦУ˾ͺáȻתͷͰЩԼҵıһȫɳȥˡ
ȱǶˣѲӪʱҲԼˣȥıʿıʿһԴѽǸǰһˣ
ȥ׷ɣ
ȲҶ˱ٻؽϾûл·ˡ
ֻù˾һıʿ˳ȥת۾ʧȥټ
ıʿдλսˣ֪٣һͷط̨һͷ䣬ʾѻˣǱô
Ϊ֡
ɱ˽˲ģԸһ¶棬ǾѰˡ
ǰߣ༸·󷽷İѳҿȥɱһٳҪǣֻΪƻ
̻𣬻һ
俴ģߣ߻һû³˶ˡںһɣ׷ݡ
·һ·˴ߣһ·½·˵˸Ȧӽתϣӹ䣬·ط̨ˡ
Ҳ˹¡
ǸʲôҪ
࣬ÿҵֻҽѰ㲻Ҫ·
Ҳմޣڷ̨ˣֹܰݣľѷӭǴһ˽
ʱ⻰ڵ壬ҲҪ潪һǡ
Ҳӭһʵеİڰֹ£ֻǿͿ˽˰£ȥЩҪ˺ˣʹˡ
ŵ䡣
˺ճź÷ӭͻĸý
ʱҲɱ˸ǹݴͣһϣѽ䣬üԲ˻ȥˡ
ʱǰܣʣµĽ׷ͬݴͣ˺ܾõĻģ
ͻȻ;ɱ뽭ս˸ʹʹ죡
мƲȣЩ˰Բ˲⡣
ֻս¼ҧݣ㲻ɿڵģװߣˡ
ͬҲһûݣƣӣǰ̵ܡ
˼׷
ӹʱˡ
ƵĴ𻨼һӡ󣺻֮
վʽȴ󵨣ּӵƽ̨Ҫ𣿣
ողŰɱô཭ˣ´ĽŹȥʱվ˵һʵýҪѪ
ǴĽ³߹
ﱻ˵̴սⱻߵ߷֡
˵ǹȥʹʹѳˣ㿴ӶŲסˣһǺѡ
˵ҪǽЩǰһӴ˲ٳƻˣ
ߴ˸ذÿˮǱ߶ΪʤǰһŬһ߼ǿƵûػһѪ벽ˡ
󣬻ﾹĽЩȫӦ⡣
߻սȻٶ
Ȼİѽ˶ˣ֪Ѿòˡ
µнͷط̨֮ߵЩǺεȵ񼫣ͼԳ˴󲻾ﷸ⡣
⼸ڷ̨⽻ãһƼ
нɻͷ֤ȷʵ˴ŴˣȫĲŰ˶˵ġ
϶ܵȥɱİ
Լűܵ϶лĵİ
ǵ˵Լίί״һģôԴűֱӴأ
ķ̨ˣȽĻһٱ
ο̨ҲõûȻǽˣ³˱ǿ϶ǻǵġίֻҪ״ǿ϶ǵġǴǴô죿
ֱʹΪʲôҪ䣬㲻ȥץ˵𣿻أ
𣬳ȥץˣǲóץǻ򳼣׷ųҪǳӻˣл泼Ҫˣ
תͷëѵ˿ޣǺò
ëѵ˹°ο㲻Ҫģġ㿴Ҷġ˸ж
ǰһģҵһúñû۸ˣ
ж᣺ڣ̫Ҹˣ
׸һӶͣԾдúܺãݸ迴ô
Ժ󣬸̾ԽдԽˡϹҲԽԽˡ


772 Ϣ
󽫾뽭ս, һĴ쵽ʱ, ѾȫʱĲ״ˡ
Զɽ, ⸽ʬ׷ٻ⽨ΪС⸽˲ûܺ
Ǹϱۻȱ˰ֻƵˡ˵ǴҰ, ȫֻһ˻
ʱΧ˶Ϊӱ
õ˻˵ĸ˼, Ӵ˾ͳ˹İա
ûа취ֵأѧһֱֻۺһֻŲȽ, ÿŽʬ
, ҶôԸɡˮ˵Ľš
֮ǰóʱû취, ȸˣٸҲֻܷŴһֵأʬĻû˸ˡ
ٸֻù⸽޼޻ȥɣֻҪסڹٸӪ, ÿٷһһȫȺĶʳ
ĻвŸء
Ǿȥ
ֱڣڽʬҶ˵, ҵ, Ҳôˡ
ڴϡĴ봬Ƶ, Ǯ, ٸˣֻҪɻ־С
⴬խȥһֵתּڴϣֻˮֻҪһֻּһֻţһתһ߲ȣý
ÿ춼ڽϣ㣬ˡģܰ˼СԸڴβҲԴˡ

ûԼܻڲţÿ컹еط˯зԡˣȻҲᱻյҲмɽвͬڣһˣµġ
̨
һˣ˻е֡
һοʱԱߵ˵ֻ۾ڷأǸˣŻˡ
ΪʱȷʵܳԾ
ûԱְе֮ġ
ΪҲ
ֻ֪ﲻĻʲôˡԾûȥǸ
ʲôʱ켼ˣǲϣ
ˡһ
һӽӹūܼȦĹΪȡøߵֻԼܵӣߵĹٸ˴Ӷ͹ˡ
Ȼ󣬽ͼֻԼܵӡ
ֻľ֣мһSεֻ̤ӣֻŲSת⳵Լˡ
ȻʵԲţ˲ȵĻ֧Ų˶ãȻҲ󣬲ܳ˺ܶˣҲ˺ܶ
ȷʵǳǳ档
ԽĹٸͰѴ͹ˡ
˸յʱ򣬺ܵҲһϲߡ˵ʵǿõģôûãѾһҴ
ȻͨҲýֻܸ޷ýá
ܲš
ȻıץסĽŻˡ
ץס˫׼һѸ߹ٺ»ʱŵáȥˡ
һ߷һ߻ȥˡᡣ
һߺ˸Ͻˣһߵǵ˵в𣿡
ЩԱôСëأ
ûϵ⡣
ҽԺĸŸҽʱξˡ̾
˲֪ʲô裬ǷŰ۰ѽŲ̧£ţŵ۵ĽҲûϯӣһţǶ㿪·̫ãţˮ
˱ˮͷŻԼѾ˵ĴˣͷҲûЩ߹ˣȫǸһūʱͷˡ
˽ĸҪˣԺǹˣԺȴɹˣֻҪúø¾СϲȤˣһЩ
˸мĴӦˡ
ˣֻ˴ۣô۴˻ûмͷ˾͸۸̾һ磬˼һ
ͼиմ״ʵˡʵ̫࣬üٸأ޳ȥŮɷһҸˡ
ִһׯļ˾ڷ̨仧ˡ
˲֪ڵˣҪסڹãŲܻؼˡ˾ڲԶҲ׵úܣҲ˼ˡ
׸ҲԽһϢոʴﵽɡ
Ҳ˵İգɶֵˣ
Ǹʲô
ô˵ɣǰ̨İֵأũˡ
רŲΪĳǲ̨ͬˡмֵء
ʵǶƵ⡣ֵǼ£Ǽūֻж߹ͨˣ²ңֻҪӯҲᾡȥʦʦӵܣˡˣıһ
ٳũµİн߳ūֳʳҲҪеģֵΪũֳʳιԼҲüͥø㣬ᱻ̰öֵ֮صĶˣֵٺãһӲ˵дũ֪ôô磬ô棬ôʩʡȵȣȻǵͼġ
ܸ˰ǲΪֵΪ¶ȥֵˣ´ʱǱȵģֳÿһʳ󶼻ιԼķˡ
ָ㣺ٹɣžͿԸˡд˵ǷѾ㲻ˣŹˡ
Ҳ¡ɱʱ򣬲ῴͷиıھͲͷˡ
˵ģΪŪ͸ݣѸҵĲֿˡþֶΣʴҵˡǵҡŮš
¸ɱ䡢ȵȡһֶΣûǲġ
˵ӦϣʮݡӲǰһ֧Ķսǿɽ
ϸлĵĹͣҲǵĹ͡
ǹĶܹĶˣȰ򣬲ͣ乱ôǮǮװԼĿڴ
ǧ̣֮Ѩ
ֻҵµģѾʴյ
ùһˡ
Ѹ˷·ϣֻȴ¼ȶ˰ѼҵƵ̨Щ
ȻֻһԼ
ת߰ƣתͷ԰׸˵İҪúð١ǹԽãͻиİԸ⵽
Ѿ˽ʮˡʮ꣬˿ڼһ뻹࣬ҵ㡣
Ҫ˿ڣԷ̨Ϊĵĵ̷չøá
׸ʣµĻ˻ȥͷǡ
߹뽭ϵ˿ڼ̫ˣսҹ󣬽սĳм˵ӹˣеˣϵ£ҵͨգǻ̻̲գÿ첻ǴӵǸǣǲ֪ܣֻһҶ
ģٲǷҪһ¡
ů֮󣬸ӽӵϡ
еǶɺӶе˸Զ·ӹлʧ˷ӵ³֣ȵء
Ѿ֪ս³ӾϣݺὭ뽭ϡ
κȽԲ׷ʹǰ³ѯ³ǰ
³ȴ޷ش
类Ȩѳ֡
̨
ɳƵĶԽ˵壬ȥʱһҪʱµ׸λش⣡
ף
ﰧ˵Ҳˡ
񣺡ˡ⣬㲻Ҫʡʹةȥģ㲻ùܡ
ŭǴ
ĬĿĺӡ
Ϊʲôȥȥġ
˺ܾãŴӵ˳
ճͿվڵ⣬֮ɫ
ҡҡͷϡ
ᣬǸô죿ƽ˵ͰɡѾȰˣΨһΪģǱסҲһ
뽪󣬾˹رչšýʿӣƽز
ӭȢŮΪ󣬹ҲѾ̫ӡ
˵ֻ֮˰ѹŹԼֻС̫ӡ
Ǻ깨֮Ů빬Ϊǰ֪Ӧ˭ġ
ӹȡ
ԼĶ䣬칫Ըȥ𣿡
칫ЦȻһͬ߰ɡ
һԣ΢Цӹ£ˣġ칫Цڣкβĵأ
ܻط̨ˣ


773 
ѵõһڹȥΡ
Ҳǳѵ֪, ΪխСӣھɳϵĸĸ͵ܵܶѾ뿪Զˡ
ʵСʱĸĸͲ̫ϲǶ̫ϲ
, Ϊ¶ľɣ
СӱϾԼʵ뷨ġܲдϲ
ʹһǰ߻ô˲ϲС, ߻ôϲ
Ҳ̫ϲĸݡǺ͵ܵһ, ͷŶһֱִľǵֱ׵ܱ˿, Ҳ⣬ûɹ, Ҳе߳ܡ
ĶҲͨ, ǼҪ˵Ǯ, ֲչˣ, ǼҪݰæֲݵæھӣϣھǮ󷽡
ԺӣҲϣӲҪ̫Ǯ, ҪʲôϰࡪÿεܵܳҪһȥѧȭʱĸᱧԹ, ѧУʦʾ, Ǹڼﲻֹͣ
ҪҪгµƽֻϷ, ҪѧϰáúáƢáԸ, ǽ
ӺС֪ôԴĸ, ˵Ǹ˵Ļ, Ҫæ
ܵļһСͻѧ, ֻͣϷƤӡ
ĸȴ̹ܽܽȥ
ȻܾܵͳһɢˣһͿ
ԣڸĸĿУ͵ֳܷܵȼʵӣһر𰮡
Ҫ飬Ҫһ͵ܵܶ˳ӦĲ
ԣĸָԹǡŮʱͶûá϶ġԹޡԴڴˣ϶ѪҲԴڴˡ
Ѫ
֪Լͨǲ̫һġҹҽԼѧ⡭ûһȷĽۿԸԼһ͡
ĳһҽһӢİµ˧磬ʮͺͷ
˵ɯûв˵ȷʵͨ˲һ㲢ûз
б׼סҽ
ʣûзͿ𣿡
ҽʼ磬һִȮʽɺĬ㹻ˡûзܹ㣬ζе޵ġҲûǰ̸Ҫгɶʮšȥ˾Ҿȴ˶õöࡣ
ȻȷʵʹࡣһƻߣһһǧսķĲ֪ƣĽϵĿ˼ķ޷㣬ǰһнϵȥɡȷŹԼҪпɯˡ
Цһ¡
ǰ̽˵ҾãԼԴļͥڸĸܵ˺ԸȥĸࡣȻĸĸָû顪ҿ˵һʧܵļͥ𣿡ͷ
Ưɫ۾ǾȥԼļͥɡ㣬ǲһûˡ
ʱ۾ҲֻڵʶƵĿĺڶ߻ص
Ѿùߴˡ䵣ӴϵȥˤԴӻѾ˯˶֡
ӦѾˡ
ʱѡƱסĸ첲ſȻ
սֱۡ
ֹһӣź˵ҪˣȻסķݺݵ˺üӸ˺ü㼦Ƥ
ſ̯֫ž޴Ĵϡ
һ졣
װûҪ´쳤ֱסŴȻˡ
ϹƨɰȥԵİʾ
ÿ϶ҪһΡ
̵ˣ̫оˡ
ķľ޴йֻȫˡ
ҲҪŤͷ˵̫ˡڰأˡ
ˣĲش׼ֱϡ
Ҳ˵ͣ㲻ͣ
ɵѾʲôˡ
һ̺˵Ⱥڵ⣬湫ͻȻһ䣺ңͣ
ϴʱͿһʺҧۡЦҪҪҩ
¶䣬۴۵ģ˻һڰ֣ˣһСӡ
걳˵ⶼˡ
ҧˡ
ҧˡ
ǲ⣬۾ܴϴȤ泩пŻúܣСҧ˾ۣʱᳶͷ
ǾЦ֮⡣
ϴȥʱѾں߱緹ˡ
ӣܳԣ䣬߱ȴ̫Էһ˵ˡ
һֱͦġ߱˺ӻŵģʱιڣι֣㵽ڸӲԷˡ
俴ں߱ԷѶຣ߱û⡣
̫ˡ̾кӦһ
ǰʳѳɽˣºʹڳ
߱㡣ǰͲԷ䣬ʲô㶼ԣھҡָָ߱㣿
磺ǡĻ̻ȥˡ
ӷóԡͦ׵ģ֪ˡҲôԶ
Ϊ̨ķҲôó԰οǸʱô£Զ
˹ȥ˳һ䣺ʲôʱ򵽣졣̨Ҫٹ죬Ҫճ
Ƿһ춼Ǵ̫ʱС
һȺڲءӦ̨ڽĲʿѾˣһֳūһġе裬һ㶼⣬ūʿһо˻֡ѾоˣϧԭѾȥ˲ûϧݳɹҲûмоȥ
ϻ֪ūʿţƤӣһԿԺGһĳ֣һתһһת

ʼǸĲʿ϶¹ˡ
˵֮ʶһֵĿƼأ
ǶһеĲһǽһӵıһ۹һ͹͵ģ߿ǺһٱţƤת
ʵ̫ȶӵǶϴ̫˿Ϸת̫ɣֻỬѡ
İ취ǾǵĽӺ⻬
͸ǳһ⡱ɳͣǶϣתѡ
˵ĳîṹĳֲѣתɿ죡
ʮ˵һţҡʽ
˸ӵġ
Ӽ˵װĸгֵľС
Ҫ׳ͣת֮ûб⡣תٶƵʻһ¡
˵ѾǵڶˣһԭתȦūʿѸټϸ棬ͻֱˡ
ʵԻǲ
һƥţһļ͡
Ƿǳǳ˵ġ
̨ʮͤ
˳֣ǵĶŮ׷³
ȫ룬һ̨߽
ԶԶĸںԡκ˶ЩԥҪҪء
ֵ˻⡣
žͿ쵽̨ˣ̫޷ܣ˳첽׷ǰĽĸ̨ǰ
ȻκʹҲټڳˣֻҲˡ
һһߵǰ
ƻʱǳǰֵʱ򣬳İնܴ֪ʱ˵ģʳϵʳʱήۣΪ˲ʵʳԻ˿˵Ķӿǻᱻҵģ
ǿɲ뱻ҡ
ʳ̵ʳﶼҹĻͻ͸
ǿһз糾ʵʱפۿ
óһֱͨ·̷̯ԹͨС
ſڵĹȥͨˡڼƻһĻİ׸ҲѸٳˣڳǰӭ
Ȼֻһǰ³ʱ˵³κص
һʮʮ٣ûǰλϵֹ¼ȥˣ


774 ؼ
̨ǰ̫һˡ
˳ǵ칫ǰ˳, ⱻȡסȥ·
ʵؿ߹ÿһء
ˡ
ұøˡ
Ȼǿܲô롣
칫ֱܷʲôĳвõġ
ûһˣ·ֻٻῴưܵͰķݣнﲻ
ҵĻϷ¡ԸҪЩ˶춼ͺˡ
ȻǾʱ˽ɵӶ˴⣬ӵӲĵϣúøܸʲôж
ڣҰ⴦, ϼܿһ´䣬ũҵĲݴڻҰа˼ңСŲݿڲݴԼ׷֣
һŵ磬硣
ٻ˶٣ܽࡣ
ķ׵Ӣ
̨Ҳһ
˲, ֹήȫŲҴ, ϳ
ǿ϶йģ
ū, ֣Ĺ
в»ǰӻҸʾġ
֯ľ͹һ֯߾͹Ҹӣľ͹Ҹ, ·ľ͹һѼӣῪҩľ͹һŰᦡȵȡ
໹˵ְҵ
￪ÿϴ, ſڹҸײ, һ³֡塱
칫֪, ˵мҲкҶʭΪ˰ಡвɾԭ򣬸һӶڣֱܣ
³õȥˣѾǽɷˡ
Ȼǡ⡱
칫֪һ顣
˵³ʱһҲΪ̫࣬ķ߲ͳϴ裬ڹè
̨ϵһֱҩɱ󣬻˹Ů͵ʳҩԾġ
֪ڵķ̨ϣҩɱ󣬻èأ
칫ӵȻȹĻҡ
ǴӺȥġ
ר˽ͻСŴ򿪣칫Ŵ˺һһĽȥͼʹȫվͥԺĵ
칫棬ڻؼˣ
ͣٹĳҪʬҰء
칫
칫ֻרŸ͵Ǹ治ǹôʱ䲻ؼҵġ˵дŻؼ
ʱҲΪʱ
棬ô˵Ҫǻˣ칫Ҫһʡ
ͣһ˵ȣǵڶ뻹ǵ룿칫ҡͷҡҶǡһǻ볯أ
ȻҪ
¹
״׵ĵͷǼŻҪšϾ͸ĳһ÷ɣĳԷһ롣
칫ҺôôûҺ
ߺߵĳһø㣡
칫ף˸ʱԼܵ͵ˣӲǷһķˡһƼɿڣλϲˣƸһζˣⰡ
칫û뵽;Ȼֻ׼һݷˣһƣ
ԳǸѼһģ
ͲܳѼˣѼȼӲö࣬Ѽ㰡нͷڵʱϲѼˡ
룬ϴ˯
Ѿܿ찵ˣǺ֮貣
һҫ۵¸
칫ɲס͵ƣԼ⵽£Ŀ죬һ̾˸ϯ¡
͸߷һյ¯ȼ档
칫ʣ̨ñ𣿡
ҡͷ¶һ˿Ȼãģ
һ˻ͷ;̲סˡ
칫֮£۴Զֹ˵ÿÿ춼˵ǰߣͶѩƬ
кܶ˶ˣ
£ĳ֪ٹΪŮˣԹżŮδǻΪ۾ŵ꣡Ϊۣ¿ɻһհҪٻжܿࣿ¾
칫䰧󣺡ٹٹ˼
칫һǰҲΣص̾˿ε˵ȥ·
Ŀ࣬칫
΢΢һЦԼΪܰɣϾбҸ˰ǡҵв
;ɥĵͷĨϵᡣ
ݲ֪˵˵Լ
Ҳ֪¸׶Բԡ½˿С˿Уܻ̫
ɴ۾ζԴ硣
ҪҲҪ
ҪΨҲҪ
ֻҪ˻ܰҵͿԣ
²ңڴ
¡
ðٷ֮һͷٷ֮ʮŵİͷ˭ġ
ΪµİлᵮµҡµҴȥҲµļ塣
ѾȥҾһ˻ȴûǸ
û˯
ǷЯΧ³κ˹ڹǰֹ
һСݸɵͷӣ촭ˣſڶıϣŽͣ⡢ʢ޺
ݳһʲôʱ򣿡
һָһ㣬ʮǰ
ʱǻʵ»Ȩƴѹ޵ʱ˵Ȣȥ׷Ե̨ݼʵۡ
ȻʵˣСʵۼλǸɵӻʵ۵ģûãʱֻŸ󳼺ˣǰ³һɵ̫ӣ칫سòһɵӼλȻʮ꣡
칫Ҳˡ
ǰͷǸɵӣ֪类֪ˣķҲͷˣҲˡ
һٿϡĹڹſڣɣ
ڰݼǰֹ
ʲô
̨ϵ˻һ֪
ֹּõ֣۹ڣԼ˸ƹ˼ٸʿ볯顢ִ۵С١
͸˭֪ʵƵģ
˵˿˵һ̨ϵ˲һ
Ծ˲һ
ҲԾᷴԡȻҲܡ
ҵģ̨˳̩񰲡
ߵĶأ
ô˷԰ֹĶأ
˭˭ɵ
˵ֹҲǴ
Լģ˵еء
һʵɵӣһʵ۸Լ׽̫ӡ
һʵǸŮʲôֵģ
Ѿ˿ʼ׼дһƪ֮ˣ϶֪ڷʲô
겻Ļᶼ
Դӽ½ŭѾ֮󣬷̨ϵʿѾʼĻдЩˡ
һд֮İ˼
ϸжֵдĶ
Ǵȵ۸˽дأ
ǴӰֹ볯˵أ
ȡᰡ
Ŷ
ΧȺһ󾪺Ȼѻȸ
Źлִ
㣬
ԾɹĽȵ̫ɪɪκʹҲɪɪһκ
û֮Ŀԡ
κʹﰲοԼȼ˹дٱҲü϶̫õģһ˵ˣǺǡ

󣬱ۻӹ
Χȼ޴Ļ棬ǽϵĵҲȼ棬ͷˣ
֣Ⱥ
ѯʣ⣿
׸𣺡³ˡˡκˡ
˰һһ
˵ˣʱˡ
Խȥˣ
̫ˡ˿
㲻˵ˣ
κʹκˡҲ˿
㲻κˣ
棬ʣ˺£Թߣ
ƪʴǴġǵʱ͵ĻʵۺǸģֹ˭˶߿ࡣҲ˵Ҫ˭ڲǾȺ֮൱еλˡ
׸𣺡š
˽ˮ⡣
Ȼ̨ϵϷͳˡ
׸绹ҪҴҡȥһ˵ſȥ
Ѿùˣ׸˵ֹλȥһվ൱ˬǰͷ·ĳĽѾãɴ
˵ҲһȣһޣһֱСĶӣȥ
̫ӿˡˣ̱ݣĳԹ̫׸һ٣ĳõȣһ˦ӣŽˣ
̫ӺκʹݣֻýŽȥ
ȹŹرգϷʿǲδĳ˳ȥ
Ҳ׷׹ҡ
ʿ˼дһĻ©ҹֹؿɳһģ
˸߲ҵŽվȻּ˹
źѣƯ


775 ʹ
˽ȥ, þͼ̫κʹˡ
Сſı, Ĵ
֣󴺻Ա, ͣҪһ㡣ٿ, һ㶼⣡
ԺӸ簮Ͳ֪ι̺ܽӣӽǴСࡢȽ̵ֻֽͱ߻ˡ
ںǰԽԽ
Ҫתתȥ˵
Сһ, µؿһĸס
Цʣڿʲô
СӲʣժ¥ǲǵ𣿡
С̨ϳֻ֪ԼҲŻסôԺӣôߴķӡ
̨ϣ˻ӭľժ¥Ϊĸڣժ¥ͱǵľӴ, ̫ʱվë⡣
Сһˡ
ֱ, ˺֮, Ҳûмˡ
һֱ˼
ЦⲻǼ, ǹĸļҡ׹ĸģ㻹ǵõô𣿡
Сӵͷ, ʣĸ𣿡
治֪, ˵ĸҪ, ͻаɣҪĻ, Ǿûˡʱһʹĸ
Ѿص˹, ǳ˳, ˶졣
ջ·˵Ѿ, е󡢽ںͰ
ǽ˵ù͹ӹ
ǻҪȥ£߱ʱǻû
ûֻ֪ǰյĸĸֵܽãһֱܺ档߱Ҳܺ棬֪ߵİôģҲõһ
סЦ˵ҪĻʱһǰ˭Ըһ档
߱ȴһ棬漸Ժһϲ¾ˡ
ֱ߱ЩʣҪҶϲأԶ𣿡
һ
ͷԸµĻȻ԰
ϲѣϲ˵Ľ߱͸ϲͬѡͽУ߱߶ǲͬˡ
ʱ˽ͨˡ
˴߱׷˵̬ͽһٱһϣĸ׵ĶҪ硣
ŵڴּͨ˵½ˣһ߲һߵǰЦź㣬
̧ͷŶһǰֲڵĺӾȻӡɵɵĽ
㣡̧ͷҲŵĿһʮϲŵ߷֣ĵͷ
ҿ㡪ôɹôڣع̾˿
Ѿء
ٿڣĸһºƽ˥ˡ
ûô䣬Ǹ̬һ㣬߻Сӣ񳤵÷ǳˡ
ŽںͰ£߱
дŹ˵ҶӶ뿪³Ͼ̨ϡ
ǽûôȰͬ⵽̨뿪ӡ
ο
ϲѼ˶ȦԼߡ
˷Ž֣ԽԽ⣺ܽ׳ϲ𣿡
һǷϤСҲ֪ǲģýؼǰҪˡ
ͷϲ·̲ͣסȥһʹһ㣬ʱҪСĲҪˡ˵תͷ˵ĹҪһ£ôײȥˡ
һ£ͻȻˣۿҲ˳
㻹Сء
סСӣҶ
СӹͷżҲ¡ӳ̨Ѿ뿪ˣֵܽöܺãҲ֪ǰĹжˡ
ֻõܼ
СԴСǹĸĸǳ۰
۾תͷ 򴺻źӹݼ
һȺССŮŮĺӹڽǰǳһ
ô࣡
ǶдţҲûϸǹ׽жٺӡĬһȦէࣺʮһ
Ա߶Ů֣ҵŮսˡжܲţŮӶˣҲû
ЦܺҲסڹҲ⹫
Ůӳϻ̳Ͽ֣æ¡
ЩĽøӹȥˣŮӺܿƽôˡ
ְѴйСĺ𣿡
ɬҡͷָֻǷ
ѡķˣΪʲô
ʱ̨Ůĥʱܴ룬ûǸȢʲô˵ġ
ʮֽߣӲǰһԲſСΪ˶㿪󻶡
ĸǳãֲҪæ£ÿϻȥ
һֱһֱ
ˡ
ĸĸΪ˱ҪѧһЩֶΡ
ĺپĸͬŬĳɹȻԼǲЩģҲ벻
ԼҪЩˡĸͰѧһЩ齼ϷȻܴ֮ȲȰӭȢ·ˡ
Ȱ˵˲˴֮£űȢŮΪˡ
ŮҲűӼ޵δò󣬲Ϊ
࿴֮£Ů˺ӡŮԾ˼񣬲׽
ҳķתáȰע۲һ¸˲ǰΣôԸôˡ
ҲʵǿЦá
һֱûýȥϢټҲ١
Խ˵պҪڳΪ͹ʱʹżסȥˡ
ȫģǴ˲⣬ʵˣôסأ
ЦһҪǰзֻζѡ
ԣסϵġ
߽˺󣬰
һκʵʵúܡ
̸ôʰӡ
ӻû¾ͿʼЦȻЦʼһߵſھ氢ӳĴЦ
ӡǾίˡ
ӻǵһػκκ󳼵Ůûһģ
κʹǰκʹ̾͹ˣͣ˵κġ֮顱
ߣ
ղܷ˵һֱκТ˳ӣڻǻᱻǿ
ӣѴκʹսκݼĸ󡭡
ɫĸǽ㲻ΪĸҪǣŤס⣬ڽǰұزĸѪ𣡣
ǵĸףĳࡢǵá˵ҲûмԵġá
ʱܰӹͳǷǳ˲ġĸס
꽥ԽԽᵱκзж¡ĸ׵ʱжôľܽϣǧ֮ġáϡɷ򣬲ŹʹΪ˱סʾ֭Ѱһƽĵط
ûĸףѾκˡ
Ͼû뵽̫ӵʱţκʱô˶ȼˣǶ̬Ҳ˵ˣǶôӦѾʧˡ
ǰӵ³ҲûҪȥ
ڣҪȥˡ


776 ̫ӣ˵̨ˣ
κ, ⶼ̨
κС˵, д
κ
󳼽Сʺú͸ˡ
κʣΪ¶ʣ, ŷ̨ϵİֹΪõּ룡
κ̾˿, ҹ, ֻ²ԼŮ, ǲҪ˰ɡ
, ĵֻ̫ڴ߳󣬿Ⱦ϶ϰ, պҲδֵܺܣТ˳󰡣
κҲᣬ棺ֺγֻ֪ʹιѵ³֮ǿᡣ
һ, Ȱ˵ˡ
֮κ, ̺ȥϴ, ¸¡
һںҲѾǻƻʱˡ
˵ղǲȥ, Ϊ, ԲҴš
κɫƽһ
һת, Ͳ, ʣ, ҪҪη÷
ηŮ, ĳһ޶Ůκ谮ϥҲһӣǶ̫֮λҲǻ
κЩ̫ӵŮ˾ͽǣͷİڰ֣˾Ͳ˵ˡ
һ˵ɡ
ƻȥҹĻ١
ⶼ̨ϸƻͨ
վڹǰˮǰﴫ˵֡
סӵļ硣һһСкվߣȲǾĸһκĹ
ȻСҲ֪ĸǵĵλȫȡڸһ֮䡣
кһ㡣ֻΪ̫ӣܱĸܵܡɸ˼׽ϲҲϲ˵ĺӡ֪ҪȡĻģΪ̫ӡ
öԼûãĸ
κⶼֵ̨ĵط
ֹڵǰ֣һ輧ڵǰ衣
ڣκţɽȴ͸衣
ɽκ곤ʮ࣬ΪسϿңκһ
κֻ˲֪κˡ
ɽãŵӦþ̫ӻع
κȻҪ̣Ҳ¶Ļ˵´ӲϹ
̫ǰָ֮鶼ûС˵ܻġ
ɽǴÿ԰̫𣿡
κЦֻ̫Ӳˡ
ɽҲ˵κ̫Ӹ³ȥ˷̨ʵ۶ɵӣ³ʲôµģûеϻʺ
κһϸ֮ɽ֪³Ѿ˰ֹڷ̨ϵҾȻŷ
еΪˡ
Լҵλɽ˼Ƭ̾˵˸⣺ȡ̫ӣֻܡλø̫ˡ
κԸ⡣
ȻκһͿǰĸԸֵ׳ʱλóأ
ɽǸӣԵݡ̫Ӷ׽ȸ֮齥֮λ̫Ӹж֮£ҲȻȥλ˵ص㣬ĵĲ̫ӵĸ֮𣿡
ǾȰ̫Ӹ˵
ɽһ£̫ӿȢޣκ֪⼸û̫ӵ¡
ɽӦΪ̫Ѱһҡ˵³кüŮ̫Ȣ³֮ŮǲᷴԵġ
κŤ̬֮ɽȰ棬³֮ȻƸܣʵ֮϶³ǰ̫ʱʿ֮䴫˵ƷСȵȵ˵ѵǳŵʱ³ȥ
κȻ򡱣ɽȻҪˣ
˰ѾԻ֮κͽһиɽˡ
ɽκУؼҾ׼ʹ³еѽϢȥ󣬺ܿκ˾Ϊ̫ӽҪ³ɻ»
Ƕú³ѳһԶʤκκȥ³Ϊ٣κ֤³
ɽƣԼһͬǰ³
ϧɵ³زǵ³ŵ֪Ϣ³չţܼˡ³˵ҪŮףȥʹࡣ
̨ة࣬๨ⲣ깨ϣƣкŷӣƷݳڡ
Ƶзѣѱ磬ɽ˷˳
ֻ̽Ȼ˹࣡˵Ȼ˹ţҾͲÿˡǸ˵µҲò֡
ɽ³˴꣬ʮϲ׮£ǧټ·ɽҪȥˡ
ֱͻȻϢκ˳ƣκ̫ѹɽ󾪣ô֪
æ˻κһ߸ӽ̽Ŀڷ硣
κ˻˵κ̫ӵĸʮʱһʹޣڵ󴦾ԽԽΣѾŲˡ
ɽ˾֪κ̫ӵĸѾָˣ
ҪǴʱܰ³κ´󹦣
Ŭȥ˵Ҳ˵˹࣬Ҳ˵಻¡˵ͨһκⶼ̨һһ׮£̫ʹŮĲ£Ҫⶼ̨ڵ빬ӣɼסⶼ̨
ǡ̫ˣ
ɽеʿӶԾ˵˵ھܾҪ뿪ס
꣬˵
һȺ˶ɽôش
ɽ˼Ƭ̺˵ҵȻȥһٸ𰸡
ͷأұڴ˵ȺλĺϢ
ɽȥд˷ţͻκȻûԱ˵κǷǳпܴӦġ
ΪκĿУСӸͲҪ
̫ͬһ
ɽеκ޲ߣ˼ɽع϶ûκɽһܺԼˡ
ɽһκ˶ԶԷģһߣ˲ˡ
סڹҵκһι˲飬κǳֵģκĻȴܿ͵ˡ
ɽ򿪻ţκȻСӣһͬ͵ԥǡ
ܡ³ѹκڹܵͬ顣üӭȢ³̫Ӷܵѡ
ɽŻȥ󣬽³ͻȻأ̸ۻ£Ϊʾ⣬Ů彻ɽκκ̫ӡ
ɽصκһ·糾δϴȥȥκҲκߵ̫ӡ
̫ӹȻƲκ˿֮⣬κԴ
ɽһ֮£ۡ
̫Ӽλ³ãҲ̨ãǻ°
ĵת֮£װľУȵݸκ³и֮Ů̫δˡ
κϲĴľУɫ䡣
Ѿѿˡ
ɽһæ󲽣ߵ
κִ²ŮػẦҶ
ӵ϶ľУһۿ˺빫ڹзŵһ
һγץסɽΪ٣Ǵ֣
Ȼһɽͱ
κɽ鴤ŵʱûӦǰʿҴҸҲ֪롣
ӽɽʬӸ䷸´ңһ棬ʬ׺úõĽļ˰ɡ
κղŶøڵɫȴİ͸ࡣ
ӿɽȥľУκȥҹΪ³񣬴ֻɽһ£κѰĶк̺̾Ҷ֮ԣõΣɽ֮ͻȻ˵䲻ңֻԷڰ
Ц븸½ɡ
ͻȻɱɽʵǽκһʱֲ֮
ᰢӻ塣
֪ӳɽ²ˣüƭκ̫ӵĹѾˡ
û˾̫ӱ˲³ס
ҲûɽҷôĴ˵ײɾ͹ˣٳƻѳɣٵ
˵òһ㣬κĶҪȢ³ֲɽԼĶҪȢ˵ײɾͲɣκҲΪ³Ӧ¾͹ɽ˵ɽ٣ʵȡˡ
žǵĶڸĻ
κ̫Ȣ³ˤ塣
еڵϵ֮˵ɽȽ彻κġ
κٵ壬û̫³̫ӹɽϡ
ź
οҶϤκˣ⻹
ҵյɽʬ׺ʹ֮Ҳ̫ӣǺκ
κ뺦̫ӵ¹˭֪˭κĵ̫Ȣأ
ɽǱκݺˣ
̫Ӳɱɽ壬ɽҲѴ̡κһǻҪɽġ
ʱԶԥǵСҲƵƵŻκĸӻⶼ̨
κͷöпȥǣ
ǰĿ֮£żȻţ֮󣬵ǰԥǣӭСӣǻصⶼ̨
κȻ֪Щ粨Ȼ̫ڱ
Ϊڳᣬλ̫ӡ
ڳջس
Ҳˣκʱĸ󡣡
ӣҲʱĸ󡭡븸
κ½߰κУҪڷҳϣúΪ
ڳӦޣ˼
κ֣ұո֮£븸ġ
κ
ڳ
̫ӣ˵ˣ


777 ǻǰ
Ӳ֪ôˡ, ͻȻ̾˿
ǰģö֮, Ҳһ˿֮ĸ顣
⻹ǵһΰСͳȥԼȥ, ˵˱³߾ӦȫӦһʧ, ˵ĳɰҲ޹شֻ֡ڵʲôʱѼ
ͰȥκӵĽᡣȥ˽һγԹ
ԼĽ߹ؿһᱻĥġ
˽˵

˽ûдŮ졣
ûôҪﱲˡ
º󣬺Ŀǰŵĺü飬ǰΧܡ
ô飬Ҫ𣿡ƺ, ʱҲԶ顣
ǣÿ춼Ҫôɡ뿴ʱ˶
ʲô𣿡ʡ
Ⱥٻʱ, Ϊÿ춼һ緹ʱ緹֮, ʱ϶µġ
ȿΪѣֻеСա
ΰǸһˡ˵
Ժ˶˺, ǽȴŮиͷߵ, ݵ, ԸҲǱȽġ
ŮУӦڷڣʼӣͺСӵӣϾҲֻʮѡʣǵСˡ
ˣ
̾˿˺ƭ𣿡
һʮŮӣСմӼһİĵط뿪˸ĸˣô̵ʱҵһˣ
ЦͷǰŮȥﶼšϾͻС˺ӣ
ҲЦ
ΪֲֹǽɳˣҲɳˡ
߽ǵĻỵ¡ڳԷʱ˵˵ȻãΪάΰ棬˽¸
֪ˡ㲻صģΰҪϲôԴԡ
ЦŰڰ֣ʲôأھŹɢĴȥΰСĺܣҲֻΪ衣
Ŷһ߽ȣתͷԱߵˡ
ЦŵͷʱͰǸˡˡ
һԼʮ㹫ӡá顱ԵÿЦ
㹫ȻԴ׼һӢ²
һۣЦһЦ˴ȥˡ
һʰܿͰ˵ĵϸˡ
Ѱҡͳġ
ʵڹеϢȥˡһŮ˵ʵۣеΪǻɵء
Ǳ뷨һĻϼԺͰٵĽԼȻĻϵ˾Ͷ뾡취굽˸Ҫ֮
ëѺͰ׸顪ûɹ
ƹĵӡûɹ
²ʿͽܡûɹҪԵģ˭յģͽҪɻֵģʦ˵ʲôָɻ
Ψ˾żֵһֻܽһΣͨǮ˽ɹ˰ΰ˺󣬾ʹ˻ʱ빬Ļᣬѿʼǵġơ
ȥ졣
Цȥˡ
ϣ֪º֪˹˹һλŮŵʱ빬ֻҪǹ˹Ķ⡣
ڳˣȻҪ
ȻԴ˵ԴˡΪ˳ߵǫЩز㣬Ȼ»ػ᷸Ĵġ
Ժ˽ϵǰ£˿ӴʮȣȴƤϻȥˡ
žʹҽҩ
Ҳ֪˴϶žҽ˵ͷûϣҴȹǿеˣʱܶµҩԡ
Ҫڼҡ
⣬Ȼ˵ʵ顣Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ڰΰü첻ˣȻΪѾ˴һͿʼļġˡнһЦЩС̸黹磬ϷƵġ
̨¶ССʽġ
ƺҶˣѾٰڵһֹѹȥɰִۡ
ͦİɣʹۺô
ܾˣžóһٰ㲷ļţȫ˳Ӧʱġ
׸Ҳһġ
ëҲһıְ֪ܲҵ빬Ǹģ˶ʮأרҵġ
ҲˣԼԼġʾҪأȻݸһġ
Ȼ׸˵ڶ һ칫дġ
ܼ屾ѡŵۺŹʲôĶ
ʵˣ˵ġʼ
ȻԵеϷ
ȡ޽Ѿѡַˡ
Ȼֻнһǰ³ڣ̫Ӻκʹû취ǵĴܾ
ҺͰվΪѾˣ֧ġ
ȻƵѾûзˡ
ȷʵûʲôܷˡ
ҪԵҵǸһǲģһҶСǰ칫ԣĲС
ҷ㣬Ƶ£һĵˣǲ
Գʾ߾֯һ
رϲսˣһӣ
ԵиðֻΪ˷
ڸٸһǻʵۣλվ˵޳ɣоͲһ
ȭͷӲǻлᣬϧȭͷѾɢ˼ܣղˡ
ԣڡûεǵǻǰ׼
ʱջΣһž͹սٻغϵˡ
ڵǻΣǵǻǫõ
ԽĿأ칫ƹУࡣƺžӶࡣ
ôˣһϰСʱҲģʱȨǸʣվվ̨ˡ
ʣµĴëѡ׸𣬵㡢̨ѡ˺³˸ռ֮һ֮һٹѡӢţӭͿһ
ʣµϯλ͵Ӣۡ
ʵϣҲԹ˵ˣһʼǲڳϷ̫˵ġ󳯰һΣСÿ춼СԼ˻ÿСᣬҲֻԼˣպ˲Ŷˣŵ˶ˣˡ
ھһŷš
ǲ֪ж˵ģûƹȡɣԾٲŶ
佫УȨ˻ͿԻӾҲĽֱֻǽ䣬뻨
н³ˣǡʿǷ̨ңƵġ
á
ֻʲôʱԻλʿһȥ볯ˡ
ʹҪҪʱñʱûش𣬵ʱٿѡɡ
󹬣ҲɷѡǶ
˳Ǽ֣Ҫ֮
ǻ̫ӣʺ󡪡䡣
Ϊ˱ʾĵλǸϵҪ

潪任һ֣Ϊô
ͷа˵Ҿͽ𣿡
ЦһֱǺɫǰͽ硣
ûҲ䣬һǺ͵ģοࡣ
߱ȻǳƺΪġȵǻ֮Ǹ˾ͿԹĳǰˡ
֪ԺҪʲôʱ򣬽вУҪ£Ҫ괺ꡣ
ǻһ£β
ʱҪλ󽫾زд㣬շһˡ


778 Ů
Ԫ괺, ŮʼƵۡ
ǰ컹ûѾŹǷ߳ţеĿųͷ, еĸţ, Сں۾, ˮ͡
뿪ׯԶŮ, ǳª, ֻǴһӣûǽûԺ, ĸ̨϶Ůòݴ밲ֹа˷ơ
ͷ, ƽֱ޳ظһֻ̽ȹ, ԲĽֺΪɰ΢Ц, ·ڶૡ
˵ǲʲôԵġŮŮи̬֮Ǻ𣿺οĸ˲á
Ƿ·ͶŹһ
ŮܱӰҸ, лŮ, ϲ֡
ͻȻ˺Ůðˣ
һȺæͷ, ȻŮڳ̣
̳˹ȥܻشȥ˵ˮȻ
ɳİȴûҲŲǳʱղʧˡ
Ȼܵǣ˰ݺ󣬰Ů̧˳ûĶŰٷŽȥ
ü£Ů񶼲ԼͬĳһЩŹֵ¡
еŮͻȻˮһʪʪģü춼ˡûꡣնŮΧҲûץֵˣĪԼˮ
ҲеŮͻȻʧˣĴѰңһҵ˱װһµŮǶ죬ʻ
ֹоԽԽҡ
ڰһŮҪȥˣ
ȻôŮأ
ǽܣ͵͵ȥŮ˽ԽԽˣһȥŮ񸽽Ͱ˹Ʒ
ʱ̨ϴֹصϢ
Ҵ󾪡
ϲ
ϲǡ
ƹ˵ļſֱΧˡ
˵Ϣ˰ѼŽգȻţǾܵˣ
ϼˣǶܵѣеĺӦ
ģԹģпģܣ
ǵǴ֪ҪʲôҪбԾ뵽˶Բԣ
һ
ۿᣬȻԲͷ
˵硡
˼䡣
̨
Դǻġۡ
ڡۡϣҪͻŮԻһ档
һϣͰ׸綼޳ɡ
Ůۣһ㣬ŸͳΡ
ʷһͿ֬Ļʵˡ
ͷţĴ϶Ůӵ֮硣
ٴ
㲻ܰôһӷͷϡᶨؾܾ˰׸ϵĵᣬ˾ŽƽǻǲݣƲʣǳɽȫͷˡ
ÿǺÿǿ̫ʺϳ˵ͷϡ
ز£ǻһ⣬Ҳõ˹˵ͬ
Ƕ֪ǲʵ۵ġ
ڵµİպǶΪҪʵۣ֪ĳ
ҲΪʲôʵۡΪֻȫĳµģɵĶ޷
˵ĳһֻ̫¾ͱ߱ˡ
ң˭Ҳ֪Ժ᲻ðһҡ
Ǵʵ۵Ļͬһ־ʧȥ˵ϵߵ㡣
Ǵʵۣܸɵλˡ
Ϊ̫ƽҲ޳ĸ
Ҳûʲôġ
Ȼ뵱ʵۣǾðϴӡǶϴȥ
ǣΪԡ
ȥǴİֹľµŮˡ
˳£
ΪƣصŮƵ¹ʣȻڰдԣٵزһ£괺ʱͿȡһˡ
ôһ̨¹ȻðСɲֵˡ
ǿĻᣬ˵ۣͷ治ˣ
ȻĻᣬû˰ֹ˭ʵأ
Ͷҽ֮£ꡢȶ̽ʣ뵱ʵ۲ҪԣΣȻ𰡣
ꡢëѵŵҶһأȫƤ£ʾס
ȡסУ˹ţֻɢԣϣСϢ¸ҵվ
ǽԴ³ΪʵۣΪʵۣٵκΪʵۣٵ֣
Ļǲģһû£ˡ
ҲиʶʵģΪʱֹҪûˣ½ңǾҪһǿ˳ʵ۲¡
ܵĸϣͶϵȰʵۡ
ڹнӵ㼯ɲͶź󣬺ܺʣл˭ûϣ
ʵô˵˭
칫ЦеһԡڼУͷ˺˻˻֪ʱʲôԾͰ˸нƤ¡
칫غܣҡͷ˵⣬ЩСһˣֻĴһģǰ£һҲ첻ɵġ
ڳôȥܴƣЩԼû⣬е˶ҹˣ˭أ˭ǵĻأ
ʵǺã˭뵱ʵۣ˭ܵ𣿺ܶ±ˣʣֻûһվʵۡġ
̨ңǼҡ
ڵġƽ롰ȶȫڹȶ˰գղңҵҾֻڱ档
򵥵˵ҵŰճԳԺȺȡ԰ǲż־塣
֮ĸҡðճҡ롱ˡ
ǰϵʵϵʵգֻͨȥգ¡
ҲԼȥֻ֯аղµˡ
ڹ˰աҾͳ˿¥Ե֮ˮ֮ͣ
ھͳƾķݡ
¿ܲãҲʵǣŷߵˡ
ڹһһ߸ǲϲͷϵҪûˣһߵ˭ǣأ
˭Ǹ԰Ȩָǵأ
ŵУûһƽúôˣô༢ʵġϷȨҡ
칫뵽ҡͷҲǳƤ죬ʵ۵ȥڲˡ
ûȨʹõǡʵԪϣ칫Ȩ
ǰǣǻʵߵˡ
ǻʵһ
»ʵֻһ衣
ȥΣʵֻۣðһ亹

Ǹƣģиɵӻʵ۵Ĵûȡ֮
һͿ£
˭ʵ˭ɵ
Ҳ͹²
һ͹ꡣ
ǰŮͽȥˡû桰ˡҲŮҪȥˡ
Ůˣػ
ﻹܲ˰
Ů˻ܼŮÿ°һ
˻ܼŴ
Ҫǣ³ɡѧ³־ܵٵ»ûˣӬǻܼ
͵Ҳ͵ŽǵǶȻ֣Ȼô˰Űֹ
İյҲˣ̰Ƶǲ̨ͣҩģʲôҩҩһԵ̨͡
иΪҽΪԾ˰ЩͼֻԼ棬Ӳҽ˵ҲԵһˡˡ
˭ֻ֪֪ǰ滹ڼ˯һˣýʵʵģгһ·УһһγԳԺȺ˵ֻҪԸ϶׷ϴʽԺҾҵĹͣ
˲˵ҲͿĸֻҪܣȥúõĸһ˿ɽĽŮˣҪʲôʲô
˾ưˣԼܿõˡ
Ƚ˷̨˰нۣٱ˽ˣ˿Цõɰԡ³Էһзģغ¡
Ѿһ·յȰˣԸȥΪΣԳԼãһ߻áڼֻ˿Ĳˣ︾˱һ˸ĵá
һرֱ֪ͽһҽ
ǵڼˣˡ
ЦڰʮŸ
̾ԭôĵطôҽ
ʿˣҽūҽȥֿȡ
ǣøҲ̫ѵˣܷŹ
ĻûʲôҪģԸˡ
Աʣʲôʱã
ˣҲúˡɡ
ڶգֳڼ̨ٸ£ֹš
ǹҰףɥ
ϣ̨ĹǰѾǼİգԽԽ˴Զ˰УѾʰ׼뿪̨
պ󣬿ŵİŵŨҵӹɢ
Ũ㽥ֵҲŵ
ʮպ󣬹дϢ콵Ů
֮ˣ


779 ڵʵ
ϵǻЦ, С̯Ƕӿ, һɨ֮ǰľɥ, СǺŮҲ˸߲ҵڽϡ
һһǰһ, ڻŮ
ſѾ˺Ůˮøɸɾ, ʪܵŹ, ǰʯҲһ˿ҳ
е̾˿, ֱڡ
ͬ, ֵܻ׽֡
·߽ȥԺ˸
Ժſˣǰ
ʣ˸裿ЦСӣС˵ֻˣأ
οģ⼸˵Сҹ, ֪, ЦСӱ˵, Լδڹ, Կء
ɵÿЦ, ǡ
תͷ·ȥҵˡ
˵ȥһµԺ, ߽ԺžŵŨľ
ǰСͯڲݴԼץ, , æǰ, С˵ƾأ
ֿ鿴ˣ˯ء
Сͯҵѹ
Сͯһ£ˮģҪҪʲô߻ʱ䡣
⼸տü
Сͯ͸̧һ飬Ȼȥˡ
ԺվɼžԶϡ˵ĻһŮǵĸ衣
һ˯˯ڡ
ͷʹѵСͯϴþߣһ߷ϴһߵضˣء
˵ˣǿ֧Ҫѿͷȡˮ
СͯһͰµľˮ̹ǡˮͷȥ̧ʱЩˡ
˼·ƤϽȥѡ
һ棬سЦҾ֪ڼﱧžƲأ̸ˡǺһҹ
һںسߣֳĬ˵ˡ
سҲΪ⣬СͯóԵ
˰ڰ֣ʲôԡ
سⶺԶʳ
ŭĺһתˡ
Сͯܿ˴ĻƶСˡسŴݻƶƽ˵ֻºܿҪɱˡ
Ա˵֪ˣ
֮ǰֹš֮ʱǰ˲ҲΪֹġšʹǵǹˣ̨ٴ֮С
µİΣǧһ˵Ƕϵڰֹһϲ֡
³а۾̨꣬ȴƹ˵ĵǲû˰ֹ֪᲻Ϊڶ̨᲻Ϊڶӹأ
ӹ̨ܻаֹûаֹֻ̨ȥˡ
պ˵ɢ㣬Ũղɢ󣬺سѾ׹һвǼıѡ
ֱ񣬰ֹѾ˭µõһǵϻλˡ
ϧЩ¿£ҲԭܡԸȥ
سǰλѾˡ
ǲֹͬȴѵ֪ǰ벻ôŮ
ʹ죬ͼȾָ֮ϵλλҲֻš
ԣǰжǰѰǵ֧֣һͬȥ԰ֹǶûдӦ±˳Ϊų
ųԸһѪ⾡Ψһˣһ죬ǰһߺȾƣһ߿ʹޣ˹ȥ
س顣
ֹֹǸı˰գҲıˡ
ŮͲˣǵ޶Ӱˡ
سĸŮŮѾޣδ޵СŮѾ˰ֹӰ죬ڿ˵ϼˣֻҲ޳Ů˾ͻԽԽడ
жŮ֮½ܵúܿ죬ΪҪ峤ĵճ֮⣬жȥ򲢲ҪвŻҪڼУʣµĸƽӹжԼ˵·˷ʳͳȥҲǶԼ
ҶŮһ½ãܿµļҹ棬϶ǵճӱڼΪҲԣԺĶӾˡеļ涨֧֮Ӳԣϵ㡣
Լ˵ȷʵá
ˣŮȤŮʡ˰ۣŮɷͬһҵΡһǹͬŮ¼嵮ļǿˡ
سΪо³ɣ³꣬߱³ÿһǡ
ѣ³ɾ³˵ΪӦȫǰֱֹʡ
Ůǳ˿ɱ⡣
³ֹܰвٶһҷ³ɡ
ڵķ̨³ɵԶԶǼĶࡣ
سΪѧϰѧϰصô³밲ֹ
ֱ׵˵кôռ
ֹһ·³̨µҺֹϰ٣ٵĳҲһʣµҲŷ̳Եµʬ壡
ֹҲһ㡣
ٵһصҺ󣬲ҸϾɱתº͵ķСңȥռҵĵ̡
̨ϵҲҲ
Ƕڵǰͷ·˵Լûа취ǣֻÿ·
س̾ҡ̫̰ˡ
ֻ֪̳Եޣ˲ͣʳʲôҲȥˡ
ο³ʱֹ֪³˵֮£Լʺڸ֪жΪһ˶С
س֪˾ðֹͷ绹ɵʵء
ôЩΪأ
ֻҪ뵽ֻЩ˲˼һ£ĺˡ
˳ĬֿһҹʱͻȻŽͷβ
ֹˣ
ˣ
Ůˣ
سӭųߵϣԶĹǽʲôҲ壬ֻϡһȺվ棬ǽͷϼױ
ţһһ
һײײܹѡ
ǻҪǻˡ
سѾ׼ǳһ
˲ܵ˹ǰ
ǰѾһصˣſ޻š
ȫװʿɱɭɭ
һ죬һ
ͣº󣬹ǽϴ
ڳʡ
һ˳˵ף
һ˺ͣʥʥǻۡȰŮšߴŮǰݵŮ
վ̨ϣڣʵϣƪʫ̨ʵġ
б
ǰ׸硣
˵ĸͦġ
ʫ軹ͦѳģر𲻺գǺĵӣתϻһɡ
֪˵ǳģġ
֣أֱĸо
վ̨ϣʣ˭
Űһͨ䣬˵ööá
ʮףʣʲô
ٰһͨ䣬ٸһŮ˵Դ
ȻۣӰ֮Ůү죬Ƿǳܵġ
ʮףŮʲô
ȻͿʼ˵ĹѰӡﳤׯڵȡͷϣĹͺΰˡ
ʮףʫͿʼ˵ŮôãҪνأ
¿ʼʹѾˣʹʴȣѾˣʹ飬ѾˣʹȨ븻Ѿˡ
һűȺ󣬽۾޿ͣΪ̫ˡ
ʮףʫֱһ󲽣ôãҪʵۣ
͸÷ˣ׸ҵʵۣҺεºܣ
ٰһ顣
׸ܾ˵ĳˣΪۣҲС
ʮס
˷˲УһִΪۡ
׸оٵùźʵڵģյġˡ󲿷ֶѾˡ
оһž˷һлƹëѡ裬ˡ
׸оٵĵùˣˣʼʣΪܵʵ
ͬܰ϶ܰ
ߡ
׸һֱظΪʵΪȱ㣬дھ˵ɣ˵ңͷҡ
еˣֱ仯
գͷβһ˿ƵĲС綼Ρʲôˣˣ
ëѴʮ˰ѹȥʮ¼˲ҳһû¹ӡ
˵꣬ͲƣӦ죡
˭֪ү᲻ͻȻأ
ֱվߴʱڽš
Һүܸӣһֱ졣
׸Ҳ˿ˡ
û˷ԣүҲûԡ
˵ǻʵȷģ
ڼ̨վϣⳤ꣬Ϸͽˣתȥϣʿʡ
ʵٻ˿ͷǰ滹иʵĻڣһ߸ѡ
ᷴȫڹſڹأʱŽȫ
ĹȫԼˡ
վڻ˵ǰð׸ʡûлҪ˵ڿ˵һû˵ˣ
ֻǹ˵С
һˡ
ߵ
߻ǰ׸磬ʼˡ
̫ӣУ
칫ͻƹУ࣬Ȼǹ㡢һһ١
Ȱٹ󣬽Ż̻Ȼ̫ӺͲ֪Ȼκʹˡ
¾˵Ը
̫ͨһ̱ˡ
κʹսսӿɵˡ
յϡʵۡ˹ʮġ
еһʱǳ졣
Ҫװһװ⡭һתͷ칫ͻƹλο
칫İԹκˣһҲ³κһƬġ
ƹµ³ӵģӦɡ
۾̫ҡͷ˵κʹһվϵȥˡ


780 ǻ
κʹڵ, ëѾʹԣκϲϲ
ΰݣң
̫һӻ˵, ֻᶶ
ͷ, ٴδԣԸΪһС񣡡
ڸӼ
֪һϷ, ֮Ϊ, Ǻεȵʢ
꼤֮¶ã²֮ôһת, ȻôФһ, һɵӡ¿·
û˻Ҵ, ½ǻƵ۾¡
ԽԽñ飡
תͷС˵۹⻹׼
ݸ񽻶, ôһ, ͷ̨Ц
ڡϷʹ칫ͻƹġ֮, תͷ, ë, һֹĩϯĶʵˡ
ΪΣԴǿ, ̬
һȺ˺޲ܷѪĸ£˴󼪣
, ģ
¾𣿣
һϵԵĵ̫Ѫˣ
׸нݲţʱԽڶ, һƪµ, ˼Ƿ̨һƶİնԡµĶ, ԶߵǷܵñ³谮ǶȲϰգ£ôܶأ
ʵġƿԡֻ𽪵̫ӣκʹţ˹ˡ亹Ƥ鴤ɪɪװ費
ͦġ
ǣϵ˵Ȼ̨ǾɣǲǵģȻһŽ֣һߵ˵պΪ
ȥ̫ӵ֡һ䡣
Ϊ
ſ̫ӵʱˣȻе㳬
ָű˷κʹΪ˳
κʹҵĲһ£롰ѡ˼ţ²֪ʲô˾ͼ̱ˡ
ȡķֵڳ޽ȾסպҲҹ顣
칫ͻƹͷһ⡰䷶
ΪֹϷûгꡣ
Ȼǻˣַϲ£ôܲͬأ
ͻһ·ᣬһ̫ӣһַġʺ󡱣ٴ·һڳӵǽðǹˡ
ױδˣŻļٴˡ
̨֪¾ǻˡ
سվΧʱѾǰˣȺԽԽ̨࣬ϵӦöˡǻϲҲȫǷԵ
سѾвʻ̨׼ȥݼµۡ
ʱһؼҴ˼˺ҵسɿߣ
һ߳Ⱥȥ
سֻôҴҸѸ𣬸ż˼˺һǰ
Сͯ·˵ɿ컻ϣѾˣ
س⿪Сͯˮ׼ˮϴڣ͵һˮϡ
ֻð·ȫ⿪£СͯǶȥ𣿡
СͯЩ˷ܣϾʵ۵ǻɴûأ
ϲ˵ǰһӣүүǾȫˣʱ˳ء˵ǽȥˣүүǾͳ绹˷ȻҾȣһֳٽŵȡһֱȵղţǼҵڹſڵأһ´λˣϽȥţͼææˡ
һ˵һʰسʰõʱ򣬳ûߵǰ
ƿֿĴѾţ
̾Ц
Щ˰
ֻŴѶ֮ݼµۡǰǲŲء
µǸ˻ɵӣҲġ
˹ǰ˶³СȻһһȺȺ㣬µȥ
µڹǽء
سڸ̨߽Ҳ̲סĴһ߽ʮңʱɵӻʵۣǵñ岻̫ã൱ٵ꣬ҲԽѡ٣֪ʱ»ڲڣ
¾ͲˡɵӵʱǸһСô˻ʵۡ
ǰسһСܵʵۣڻҲʲô
ֱߵԭȵĴǰʱǰ˿ʼվסˡ
･δȺɧ
ȺĹɧ̾ƽϢˡ
ǰСһ߹վŶС
ǹȰȺǼˡ
سµǿʲôϵһʱǰ滹ʮף̧ͷ˹ϵҶ³̫֡ƽ
سվסţӶҪɳˡ
°ѹˣļΪ³֣
϶ʱһ亹
ȻǱ¡
֮ǰôӴ˲ʲôˡʵʲôأ
ʱ˿ָܵ˱¸³ɡ³ʱľ־塣
˶벻ı
˼ɡ
⽥վˡ
ˣˡ
Ǿŵƣ룬ȼ档
𣬺سúѾѼˡ
Ǳ´ġ
úԴкüطܲɳúһʱܷµúɽֻǻϰ߳Ϊú
úȴ˵úǱµú
ҲǱµˡ
ǵȵҹ²Ŵ
˹ӭ
ȱ½˲űڡȻҲֻվ档
سһҾֻţΪΪ١ʹ̨ʷҲûʸ߽ȥ
سеЩӡ
ɵ쳤ӣ֪ڷʲôۿһµݣ롭
ֻվ档
ߵȵڷѧϰպһչ
سǣŵܵܣֵܼһӦǡ
ǰ
ȵ΢ڵδ
һҹȥ֮ѾЩŲסˣоͳˣȰһЩȻؼȥ
س˰׸磬칫ӣµ֮ˡĻ׸мԵݣ֪ǲǵá
ضôţ׸߹ˡ
سæ񣬰׸ҲͿؼҳ칫ӣСָߣسүү涼ֻ蹰־УүүڳСѣʮֿ
׸Ȱؼߣؼκ󣬺ؼڿˡ׸绹سȥ档
سؼҺȥ̽ѣٺˣѾѹʼж³ɺ³֣׼ȥ١
ģؼҺȰ׸롣
׸ûʧԼպڼ￪Ļᡣ
ռ䣬ִԵǡ˰׸磬ȻҪʸס
׸һ־ͱΧסˣѵʵʵĻش⡣
ǣ칫ǻˡ룬칫й޹һˮƽǴ٣
֪칫ű˺ӹȡžͿڵĺӹǲ˶칫ĺð˵칫ǴΪ˱գӹȲȥӹȵģ
ʲô˵ںӹȶ³ˣӹȫûˣ
³ҲǱµİգ˵³˲Ǳµİգе˵˵
㲻˵ˣǾˡ
ӹңǲɱ㲻˵칫ɱİɣˣȡҵĽҪ˴սٻغϣȫʦ
׸һˣټɫĶʣµ˵ǼĻᣬǻ֪ʲô
ǣȷʵΪˡǲǶ𣿱´վڹǽء
ʴȣȻԸΪ񣬱»Ϊٲ׹
мˣ
³κԹ
ǰˡ
ʲô˵³˵Ѿλˣ˵ǣ˭˵ģȥ˶ʣ
ʲô㲻ȥȥҲУߣȥʣ
ʲô
׸ܵ˷Ц
תʣµ΢Ц˵Ǽǻ֪ʲô
ǰΪ
ȻΪΪ߱Ϊӡ
˵Ӧ߱ΪΪǹӣ
εɱ
㲻ǣ
Ǿͺá㻹ԴԸ£㵱Ա³´ǣ
ûУûоͺá
˵󽫾
Ŷ·ΪλȻʺպȼֻƴɡ
Ǵ󽫾
Ȼ
˵Ϊʺ󣬵սպֻں󹬷̱¼ɣ
׸ЦеҼ˴Ҫ
ǰ˱ֱ׳ЦÿģԥǴŭ
׸ЦҾ˵˵ģ
˴ʧɫͷһڣͷܡ


781 ޣ
̨Լ֮, ̬Ҳòͬˡ
ëѵҲøˡ
ڵڶݱꡢ޽¹͹ѡͲš
ΪѡԳ󹬡
˵ȫͬˡ
Ϊ޹ǿҪǮģ
öĻᰡ
Ȼ, Ǯ޲˵ˡ
ȷʵҪһ¡
ȣ̨Ҫˡͺʹĸ·ɡȶҪȥˣ͡
ëѵĽһѻ£Ͳٸˡ
Ϊ˽ˣ
ȻҲͬˡ
Σ̨Ϲʵûرࡣһؿ, ӹĿϻԿļλ൱ķˡΪֻյķ˲ԼĹסʵ㣬һ
ǫ̂յķȫһҲʮ, ΪеĹʮ
ëѺͰ׸˼ܼ򵥣ƵһϵĹ, שľʯռ¹
Ҳ޳, ̨, ๬ʧ, ͳһ˸ߵҰ, еĵطҰء
ǣʵһ
ЦѾǲ˳, Ƥڴء
֮, ﻹһƬԭɣ֣ڱôֹ
ˮԴأڱݵˡ
֮, ޹̲ݻ
ëƺѾǳϽ, , ǮȲֻ꣬ҪȰַѡã޿һҪޣʡ
պ˵ɡ
ǾðѺòյǮƷ¸̫˷ˡ
µ빬󣬷̨֮ǰӵҲ׷Ը빬Ϊˡ
ʢѡٻĻᡢ
λµǱ뺬Цϳ䵱ߵġ
Ժ󣬰͹ȥԼˡ
ѻƹµߣ칫͹㶼ץ¡
Ҫɳȥٸʹߣȥһµ۵ǻˣʵˡ
֪ͨҲʾҪǮ
Ȼ϶зߡԲ˵浶ǹ򣬿ܾװ֪Ҳû֮ġ
Եһ֪ͨɳȥԺ󣬵ڶȰ˵ҲҪų
׼ˡ
칫ʣ´³𣿡
ǿ϶
ܽ³ˡպɡɡɡȣͳơ䡷
칫Ѿϵճ־õˡ֮ǰɡ
Ŷ
Ա˵ֶֻ֮Ӽң˶
һº󣬾ѡٴѡļáƷòáԸ̫ʹǾʹʥּˡ
ǽбأӴ۹ÿһأµ۵ִ¡
̨ϵյǸˡµѡ١ùҶԼص˲ţҲøҸӷĳµ֮¡
Ӧǡ
ﱧŸհСӣԱߡӶԸ׵ӡѾģˣڶԵܵ˵ʲô
Сܳһģһָ˵
ŤͷͿСܵˮݣĵ˵ˡ㻹ٽұһ°ɡ
Ӿ˵ȱһ飬ɡ ʮ  
׸ڷ̨ǽʮӪ
ӪеСԱţЦ׹ӷֱ꣬ȥҪúнҲҪúð
׸ЦǾʶҵİ̴ӣ֮һ԰
Сˣһ˵ҽ˵ҺŵţƭſڣҰ˰ߣøɸɾ
׸ЦԷǡ
һպҹ¥˵ǰһ̽ȥʱͻ˵ˡ
ҹ׸类˰ȥˡ
˵طһȺ鱻ͣ·ź·м䣬ͷں档
׸˹ȥһڳԣæ߽һ棬׸ϳˣʮһ磡
ףŷˣǾ͵Ӫ
׸ʮһߣʮһ˵һƬûз˵һϣҹ·ǰվߵûס
׸˵ǰʮӪʮӪǷ̨ˣȻҪˡ
ʮһûĿµ۵ǻΪ£ʱ̲סʰ׸磺¡桭
Ȼδ֮׸ҲˣЦŵͷһжá
ʮһ̾ûܿǡ
ԣһ˶Ѿˣ˯ŵСӶˡ
ιСӣ׼ȥʺͼ˰׸硣
׸ϲ񣺡ޣ
ҲˣһְСãճԹ̣ˣȥɣ찡ڿɵˣ
׸磺
ӵǺ׸ʺá
׸һ߱СԭתСһб⣬һ߸ȣǵ˰ɣû£λȥǾͲֿˣ
Сӿʼͦţ׸ǳо¿ʼһ֮ͨ󣬳ӺʹڱǶ㿪ŮˮСϴ
׸籧ϴСӣԳӺʹ˵СʱҲÿһţҾ֪ˡ
ѾµĳӺʹһܲ˵߾˳ϡ
׸籧СϳӺʹѾڳ׼˯ˡСӸ棬СҲܿ˯źһ棬ʹ˸ɫ
˳ߵԶ
ѾΧһȦ󲿷˶˯ˣԶ˵׸ǷˣЦűܿ׸˵һ˵̨ϵΣʱҲǡ
׸ȴ˵黰ɫ´ѡٵġ
вһɻ棬ƺҪ籡
ĵ˵ͷҲµˡ
׸ʱûаοа𣿱´˾ٹغƣʧ
Ҳ֪鵽жأûлҪ˵
׸ҡͷֻӭǡѹдƣձҪԼˡӦ꣬ڻɣҿӦھ֮¡
ֶǺĬĬͷ
׸磺֮ˣպ󡭡֮ϣһΪЦһ£ɵȫµĿ⿴ǰӣһŮˣֻʶ֮ϵŮǰĸе
ȴҲ벻гһգڳϼ
֮žͳˣӼǰչ͵˷̨󣬳ɵľͽ˳ǡ
·ʱּǰӯŵľ
·ˡ
ԼǧŽ
˼ţ˳һμЩӵǻסݺᡣ
׸˲Ϣ߸˻û⣬ϹǶҪϯ
ȻǲŻã˾͵ˣһСּ׸磬ڹ磬һӢܣ֪λͲſԸ͹⣿
׸Ӧ£СּЦźúõţȥϴ軻·ıæŸ޶˵ȵлҪ˵
ʱһȺ˴ҴҸϵ칫ƽʱϿεԺŵͥԺվˡ
׸˸ϯˮƣվǰҲ࣬žƱڹе칫ҽӷ硣
һ򵥵ˮƺȥ׵ӵȫʵ˵
ǵҴңһ߾Ǽꡣֹһ˻ǿһӶزˣ˵ǹٳӵܣر칫Ǽ꣬ȻӦչˣʹĲƶǰ;δ
ܻվңһлǰһǹȥǴһһ
ΰ
׸Ɑƾ͵ˣʱ俪һһʽĻᣬѸٵİѷ̨Ŀǰһһʮĸˡ
һֱ˵콫޵ʱ̲Ųòͣ˻ȥ·׼ȥ̨
߱ػ߱ӣʱмǣǴʧ񣡡
׸綣
𽪴󽫾ġʺ֮λ˶Ĵԥȴλ
ǣ²ûżȨȻ˿죬ϯѡѾ൱ˡЩֻͼʡ¡
ûΪ²
һЩˡע
׸ʱ١ˡˣȥ²ǵ³ֻҪ֤Լû֡ˡС
Ϊ߱ѡλʦƽ봢ľ
Ȼ칫߱ӵʦ
׸޵һµЩ˾Ȼ칫ˮ󣬺ʹľһϷ
³Ǵ󱦣ôأ
˭˵˾һҪ˳ˣ
˵⻰ĶûȢŵģ
׸޷޵롣


782 
·Ƶ, ·ԿԿڴҴҸϡ
쵽̨ǰʱ˳ϡ˿
潫򿪣øˡ
ô£ʡ
׸Цµǻһѱ֮ˣձʴȣֻսѺȫȥˣҲδǣˡЩ˾µĶ, ڹſ޽С
ɱɱˡ
µǻǰ, ϲַֺ׸ü, һҪ½, ǲͷ, ץ˷빬Ϊ̣ŮΪū, ҲӦõġ
Ҳüǵ֮ôԷڹǰ֣
׸磺ǰĶϿ, Ϊû, ǾΪתһ, ˱ҲȰһȰ, ʷǴȡ
ͷұػȰµġ
ǰʱǰĿѾû, һгСڹſ, , ׸̽, С͹ʺá
׸Цôô˻ţ
СЦЩˣԾ, ĵأǲţ˾Ȱǻȥ
׸³н
һ˴ţڰ׸ǰߡ
ӵð׸ȡЦСú·һǮ
׸һ˦ӣӣЦǸ˿ɲУūūǱİ֮أ
һȺ˱Цˡ
ҲЦˣڱµİͷˣ
׸ԼµǰһɲǾҪץһ
ȻԾѾСˣΪ²룬һֱκӣ˼˵ѮˡԵòͱ˱˵ǱµˣֻðѺ±²ϲǶ룬¿ֵĿɨ̲ס뻹ˣ˾͵ˣأ
·ûһġ
칫ǴƹӦ档ǱµˣëǼ黬Сˡ֪Ϊʲôһ˵˵ȻëѰġ
͸һ㣬˶˵ӦսϣڻǸĨڡ
ôԺ󣬻ÿ춼£µǵһ޳ɣһȺ̱¡ԽԽ
³ûô
׸֪ЩƲˣ³˶Ҳ͸۸۸Щ̨ˡΪ죬óڣ֪ǲô
ңǻ³ˣ˾Ͷ԰׸硰˵³ڱǡ
ЩǾô˼Ƽȿ³ˣֿԴѹǣô졣
ʦ˵һȺӬˣǶˡ׸
Цˡ
׸̾˿
ӵܵҲǴϿ˷̨Ŀǰҵ̬
ǰǷ̨³˲͡µǻ󣬷̨ҿʼڶˡ
칫ƹ˶Լλ
£Կ϶ίΣɼû˿¼֮ĵġ
ӵܴʱЩˡ
˽ͨʱ칫飬˶ˣ͵˽ɡȥ߱
׸ʱͿһµӡ
칫ëѡó𣿡һԱǷܱʼҪѱλ˽̸ݶ¼Աºġ
׸ţһȺ˹
ƽ񡣶ɡ
칫е˿תͷȥǰһȺеĺӡĿ⽹޵ȺϤӹһһŻ᲻һŻ᲻ûл
ҺãڵĶˡ
°ɡ칫˵
ӵǶ̲סˣпһƬëѵҲŵᣬĵý뽪ر𲻺Ⱥ˶ƽ
칫̾Ϳ䣺¹Ȼࡣ
ͷ˴޹ȥϴ·
ϴ˻߱ҲˡЩ˼ǵð׸Ķȫʮ֣ص񣬶ֻ߱ƽҾڳơӡͰˡ
Ǹ˺ǽλƲԱ׼Ĺȥ
Ҳûȥһʵ·˳㷽㷽㡣
żλȥ߱
뽪ٳʱҾӭ߱һҲû¶ӳӣǣȥ뽪˲¹
Ÿ𣬾ˡ
Ǽ硣Ҳʾ֮ǰǳ˺ܶ࣬ʵ۵ǼǵǵģģԺúֲǵġ
ףƣ칫
칫ŲʲôأΪȰһͬȥӹȵģ
ëѵ˿ʼµĿ칫Ӣ֮١ٰ꣬οӵܣİɣ칫Ѿûԩˡ
칫ӵܰ׸ٴαʾģҶҵǲ׷ѵģǶʥ˰϶ǲίЩĵĳӵģ
֮󣬴ϯǴʱʼϲˡ
ҿʼӡ
Ƕһģһʱ˲˵
ӳȥʼϵڶʱ߷ֱĽ칫ʼԼˡ
ָ˵ҵĳŮ
ָ߱˵ҵСӡ
칫ҲԼһһܣص˵һ˵ǶʲôŻƽʱʲôãҪǣʲôó
ָ˵ʮ͵Ϊּ
ּǰѱµĻȥ͵ˣλ˵ҪҲҪͷҪ죬ԼҲҪߣߵĻҾе㣬Ǿʧ˱µӡ
˵ҪҲҪǸͲһĸӼҵСˢãϼ꿴õ˾ͻˣòϾͻؼȢˡ
ҵӹӲ
Ҳֱָ˵Ǿּɡ
ʮͳУлվһȥּͲػؼˣҲҪڹֵһѮİСñϲסϼꡢסһҲеġ
칫һ󣬽Ҳ칫Ըӵ˹١
ëԱ߿ţЩĽҲûʲôüʵġȣ칫Ǳ˱ȲϵġοһǰҲ٣ڰҡ
Ҳˡ
ǰҲôģͷһݹְҲôʵۡҪġ
ԺǵҲᱻǴұ¡Ҫ١
ʱ칫Щԥɫǽ˳ΪһɫǷܼĳټΪµʷ
ëѵɫ䡣
ʷ֮ơ
ٿ桪Ҳһˡ
ĬǱΪԼѡʷ
Ƕ˶ûڣֻǼ۲졣
ǵĿ۽ϣ·뿴Ůкͣ칫ʷ֮λ
ʣкܣ
ⱲӶûн졢˿ôѹŵİӦɹٵһЩµĳӦ̹꣬С̡̡̡һһǧ
˵ӦǱ̷䣬һǧӡ
Ǹʵɼҡ
ëѲɵùĿ࿴
ڸ˱̷Ůϸǳ𣬵Ҳ
дţ
Ȼԥֻʷһְѡ
ëһѲû˵ã
ݵθҲ̫ˣ
̵칫
ЦһְǡλƷƹ͢ǡ֪Ը⣿
浱£Ը
³ʱΡ
뵱գһ̫˼ˡ


783 ðѷ˶ٻ
϶һλҽ²û̫෴졣
ΪҶԱµֺ֮١£Ϊѡ
ΪԱ»̫˽, ԼͬķŹС¡
f
ʹ˷̨, ֻа׸˼ңڶһ, ʹһȥϰࡱˡ
ͽ˹ڵѧ߱ˡͬڹʱദһʱ䣬ٴμ, ȵķȻǵ
ٸܵһ㲻ͬ
߱, ǸˬԵˣദ
еѧл³ļλ뽿, Ǳµ׾졣Ը볤඼²̫һ
׸ѧļܺǿԸΪ顣
Ը, ͽ׸ɫ
ԼĸĸŮĳ·ȻӽϿ, ݽҺȷʵǽ˺ˡڶǵôӼбͽİʱĻ̿벻ܳʱ, Ҳߡ
칫Լֶٰ谮֮£Žȥ˿־塣
յĽǣҲܻصԼȥˡ
һΨһһźԶҲ޷ֲ
Ӷ˵ʱû취, ʹӦһˡ
ڹҲͬ, ֻǸʽһ㡣
ѡˡ˵, Ѿ, һύһЩ, ҪһЩ֡ѧеûϲģ
ûжԥѡʮˣţǸҶһЩϽӽ˶ˡ
ûֻѡ׽˼ҡ
ȫӦȻ;ȥӹȡĵģ˭û˵
ǽѲǣƺƵˡԿΪɣѧӵܶ˻ȥȿ֮ȫ˹٣򵥴ֱ
㻹ǷˣȻֻ졣סڷ̨ҹýĵţװ˯վڵ⡣
Σֻ壬Ҫ
󲽽ߺߵ£˵
̾˿ˣȦڹвĳɳ
֪»ὫųȥֻΪ֮һûϵ¾ȻҲţ
˶Σ׻һЦ޵ĳӰ
ƿԣǻŭѩ
µʱԿʲô֪ģ
˭ܳϣ
ţϾѾˣοأ
ҪԼ֮ˡΪԼŲôġ
ȥˣֻߵ˷ӲŸɡ
Ͷش
Ըһ£׷¡
ԽڵУ˸λӡպ˵£Ҳң롣
ʱڣݳөɡ
ӭܵһ硣Զңңżʮӻ
Ĵڳϣܵÿ쿴ˣûȥ˾С
ЦԴӱ빬⸱ӡ
˷Ȼⶼˣûͣ
ǰдŵŮǻΪۡ
ǽԻȻԲţ
ûһ˸̨ܵȥһ̽
һǰ³˽ӱɽֵѾû˵ֻҶڳУڸǽĳɪɪ
ʱΪ̨³һϵԨԴķӭҪץסƤˡ
ϣ³ȥ󣬷ӭ෴׷
˶Ϊ밲ֹܱ꣬ӻǣ
ӭ൱ʱ뿪ԭҲűˡµ
ӭûġԼ԰ֹ׷ĿŵΪۣҰӡֻ
û˴漣
˸ڷӭߣ԰ֹ˵˽ʮ֣еġ
Ųŷӭƭ˵Ⱥ͡˵ۡ
Ȼ汻ӭƭ˲ˣ
ȻһܵǻƵۣ³˵˴ȷʱ˵󶼻˵һˣǸá
ֹƵˡ

ǣ紦ӡ
ǰʹߴʥּǰоһרӭģӭͲŴԣµ֮Ծã֮ӭ볯µۣŲҪµ۵һƬĽ֮顣
ʾǡ
ӭӵʥּ˵ʹˣһƼӡ
˻Ϊڸٺú˵һһЩ˸ء
ôȲ
쵽ˣӭҲ׷ˡ
ü֧һ֧ڽ߰ѷӭסˡ
ӭһ꣺Īȥ·
˲Ͷµ£ԼȥҲȥˣ伫Ȱ˵ѾɵˣֱӰ˰ߣӦ٣߰˸ĸ޶ԳȥҾɱȫң
һľ˭ҪȥҾɱ˭
ӭһ·٣Ҳյʥּˣһû͸˭֪
Ǹպöɱ
Լͷֵ۸ġ
һһɫ˵ʲôϻ˴˰ɣ߿ߣ
һȺ˴ӵŷӭüëƵĳ˴̫ͣã̾𺽡
ȴ˰˿Էӭ˵Ƕӭһȥ̨ġ
̨֮ءһ̾
ǲҪȥ̨ڴĽ
Ҫȥ̨ûôסҲ˵Ѿ˺ǲ׷ӭࡣ
ӭࣺ߼ˣҰǴߵġԼߵġ¼֣ҲֲԼͷϡ
һȺ˸мӭ壡ʿ֮磡֮ҲҲ
ӭűʿ֮һ˻ص˷̨
һǾ˵󽫾ҲҲǻʺ
ոմˡ
ӭĽʿͳͳһ԰ס
ӭϽȰڸϻؽҲˣڷ̨취
˲Ͷҽʷӭֿࣺߣ
ӭ˼Ƭ̣ᶨ˵ȲͶ飬ƶгͶԸΪ֮
˻Ҫԥӭ˲Ϣ֮䣬͵ˡ
˻̼֮··Ѿ˼Ķϱڲԫ׷׵ҵȵȥ
̲ݻ
̨ϣӭЮһڽʿӺһؽϡϡϵʮ򽪼Ƴ
ϲԾ֮λ֮
ӭλа׸֮£ͬΪϯλĽһ
ӭຬЦҶˣҲ԰ˡȻָǰλ˵һλ˭
׸ͷޡ
ӭϧ
׸纬Ц˵ʮ˶˵ˣ
ӭࣺС¶ѡ
׸Сƭİɡ
ӭӣСڣ⡣


784 
òһˡ
Ժֳ︡Ҫ£
һʹȥٽʿ, 볯, Ϊ
͵ӹ֮ͻֱӴӱƵȥһ·, ҪĻƴʾʵֻһһԸ, ûб˼ɴ󽫾ȥ, Ϊġʺ󡱣ȥŹ֣أ
گ, 㲼¡
ֻеҪúһˡ
ڰֵ˰£⼸Ϊ棿
Ϊ˿ʮ֮һΪѡ
ǵ˷ܵٶٷ֮ʮͿԿʼũ˰ˡ
Ҳ˵, ͷ˰
һ, ʵ£֮ǰ, ԺΪ
ЦΪҪ˿˰
Լͬĵ˿
˵µĽɽ֮һǿģǻ֮һˡ
·ˣ̼ʢ, ³̨, ÿһ׷档˲˲Ƹ, צ, ˻ҧšӶű𴦵ĲƸ
ڷḻԼͬʱ, Ҳ˱µĵˣΪ˱µ
̼ҵĵη塣̼Ҿͬ»Ķǣ֮⣬û˲£û˲Һˡ
Ƕֻ֪̼ŻҪǵҰģ
칫ͻƹﶼһ״̼ҵ״ֽЩϰ˺޼ɣ޼ɵͨˣ͡檡֧ӵܶпܱͨΪеʴ
칫ԼҶЩ¡
żСһֻ֮ʣţǻ;ߵĹ״˵˱ͨˣЩɱ͵׳ȥ׷ҲЩ˶֡
͵ӽ³Ⱥ۵С
С͵ľޱ⣬ޱ
Щ˱˵ӣѾЩ޷ˡ
˵һұ˷ǽ͵˼Ůб͵߼кӵġǻæ׷ȥЩ˵ֱӰˣ˴˾ߣ±׷Ҳҡͷϡ
ΪЩһץסֻǳҶѣȫһԴҪͷˣһҲֵġ
칫ƹ֮ǰ֪Щ£Ҳֻǰ²ᡣ
ڳвֹһ˵İѱ
Ϊβ᣿
Ȼǲ֪¶˵ܵʲôز
ڵ֪µǻʹ̽壬Ƿһİ
Цдگ飬빬Ͱɡ
Ȼ̼ҵϣҲ޲Գƣּ
⣬һгʻš
ӴˣһŸԯϸźĲݵ棬ʵʵ᲼һ֪Ǵ̶ӳС
·˿һӺ̨ķȥ̾ȥ°ɣ
У̡Ѿ˳ΪˡһҴ峤Ʋ
Ŀڳڣһߵĳ̲ס˽
Ƭ̣ϲʥּ֮еļν֮⡣
գ̲ס̣»ʲôλ
̲ɵ÷Цһصĳӣñ»ηҵȣ
ڼԽ飬ĪǡһȺ򣿡
һĶ°䲼ķµǻ֮䲼һġַơǵ
򡶷ַơУûͨաˡ˲ȡþλ
ʵϸһ룬̨ʱ¾Լ١ȻΣʵְٸҲֻһ·ټÿµʳѾϲˡ
̵ĳӾΪӹϿȷʵд
ַơֻǸһ˶ѡ
ַơУҵնСΪ沢ûһ˿һʿķֱȫһԴ
ΪŮӵŮӿɼ̳мҲжŮӵֵ֮֮һжŮӿɼ̳ĸļҲ֮˵顣
ʱӵѧһʱǼֻҪŮɱˡ
ڶ Уϸ˹õμŮڵ
һиĸŮ̳Уʮڲ׾죬ҲǹУɹջء
һۡ
ֹңһҶµ׺ϲ
ʲɹߣٵȡƣⰵһҵأ˵ʮˣһ弸ٺˣҲһ仰¡
̻µľһ֮ޣ߸ʿʿɱֻ̣轻Ǯɡصˣδĸڶ֪Ļ˭ԽѷǮأ
Ҳġ
ˣӵ˾޸֮󣬲ŻޱȵĿȨƸҲǵĴ
ǶԳӵ˵ͷܿһ̫
ǳǳ̾˿˵ΰǴΪ˴һס̨ȥպ󡭡ҵ޹ءǶ˵޶˼ĻԺԽӹڼӣ˷̨Ȣ
ӶûӦ
ȵǷѵؼ磿
̷ˣǼ磿Ұңûع硣ﻹˣҵĸĸȫˡʣµȻʲôϵ
ãȻʹˡ
ô£Ϊʲôؼأ
Ҳæڹǵ⻹ûأҪȻȥɣҲȥ̨ˣʹȥˣȥҲûʲô¡
̺ס׼³Ĵӣߡ
ĽƷ٣֮ǰµ⣬û׬ڴǮô̶ӣôô࡭
ֻŵʹȥ̨һѵģûϵȻˣ
أɵʮͣ²ˣʮأôôЪأ
治ȥˡӿе˵
̵ͷȥɡ
Ӹ˵һԾ¡ʮĽֲáλ͡ʹ͡ڳձ
žͿ̴򿪳Ի˵׽סɣɱ
ĿѣУ
ȻҲֵʶ꣬û˿ɡ̾ȥѴץ˻
ӱ˳ĳȥǵͷģס³ìͼˡ
ëһǰߵòԶĸ׵ĳ侲뻤̸У壬ΪʲôѰΪǮҸ־ǰ棬ͲɱңҸȡȫ
Цһ£˵㸸ġ߰ɣɡ
ӵȻţ
ŻصǰĳԣĳѾŽˡ
ڲ⣬־Žɿܣ
ֵĴ˺Ĵ˶Ѿ
ӿԺúõڳڣǰһ޷⣡
ʻĪ뽫ڴһ򾡣
ǷЦڿһֻ׵
ɣȥ㸸ɡ
ӾٽҲæ˶ɰɣ
Ӳţ
ǰ̵Ŀ⣬ľ͹ˣҪɱң
˵㼴Ѱ·ڱУҿĵطҾɱ㣬úõ㣬Ҳȫһ֮顣
ӻǲӵˣ̶ŴӺ𣺡˵㲻ȥˣ˵
ۿ뻤Ѫ죬װãȻֿ־૵ҡҲȥˡҸȥ̨Ҳȥˣ
·ʲôַ·׵ĸࡣ
̶˰졣
һĽڳ֣һ߿־岻ؿ̣ͣ°ɣҪٴˣӶģС
̾һֻ֣ǲͣ
ӵĽѾûˣ˻ڴߣѺͷȥҿŶɣҾȥ
̵ͷɡأҩɹһ
ٻصϣӻؿ˸ˡȻ·֮󿴵óǶģֻ˼Ŀӣȴҩտˡ
˶ҿ̡
ֱӹˣſڣɣɣǶΪĿ𣿡
治ɲ˵æͷãã
ϡһ㣬̽˵ĪҽҪգմӺأ
Цʮ׬˺εȾ޸ңվʹǣҪǮҪ
̫ѡˡ
ӺʹӶ¶֮ɫ
ȴԥ˵ҪЦſ󣬸ӡ
οδؾǾ·
ֻҪµĵޣһܱġ
ֻǲܳ¶ݵļˡ


785 Ȩ
µ۵ǻһģԵʥּڳ̨ˣ
׸綼÷̨µ˵һѾ˺ܾˡ, ֲ֧
ſھﲻ˵, յ˶, 涼˸ˡ
Сӻ棺ѲҲҪ𣿡
׸վס룬ġ
ǡ
ܾǷ޽ɫˡ
칫ǡڡҡ
ͷںÿ˯ȻѣͽпɰСͯıȡ֡
ǰͷòοˡ
, ޵ġ
޶˻еɱġ곤ĶӺͼܰæĵ, ۵ᡣ
ǷּؼϢ칫ʱԵúã˯㣬û, ׷ͯգüˡ
ʵҲԱͻȻ˷˾ô˺أ
ñ´˾ʧ, ǡǻԺԴ, ҪЩ˺úùȰУȻȥ±»ʧ֮ٵġ
칫ԶһۣʼҪҪѻҵӽӻ
ʱ
Ҳλ֪, ꣬͸һߺ, Ӿ͹ˡ
ձɵ˵С顱ˡ
ݷġ
ջʱ֪˺ܴ˺ӵӶȰܴ¡
ǶȻѾ, еȽܺ, Ҫ޿, ҪڳԣϾ͸ÿˡ
ֶ治ˡ
˵ĸҲӶˣҲûûˣαǷǳأ
˵ĸ׵ҲСˣʱߣ·ô࣬иһͳɺˣԵʱĸ׹Ƕ޳ɵġ
ˣô̺÷ԺȥĶˣ
ըŭ澺ĸᲢۣ
ӲŲأƵһ˵ˡ÷϶İ檣з֮ƣȻԭλߣֲˣ𱰲ԣԶŮࡣ
Ҳӣǵ֧ȻѪԵԶˣ졣
ҲˣСͼϲŮӣڼеͶôأϲû
Ҹճ£檾Ͷ뿪ˡǱҲС֮ŮҲʲƣİ檣մֵһ仨ȱ𴦸󣬺οأ뿪Һ󣬷ټ˸˼ңҲɳƵϾҡˡѧʶʤˡ
ӾͲˡΪѾˣ׼ƣѡѳǳȥˡŰݡ
˵ҲˡΪ꣬û˻϶ѾûˡҲ˵ʱɻһɣͱˡ
ӵȻ
ȥӻʱһУȥټ޵ļУȰ˵˰Ȣķ١ϸįǶôΪ밡
žͱ׸ˡ׸һ߿Цһ߰ϿԵϻȥ칫
칫Ҳû뵽ӳȥһˣǳˣסĳЩϴó档
һɺģʱָ㡱Ϊβдţ
һԳ
ôû棬ӺӹȽһصѵ
ġ
칫ôдأ
ȥ󣬷·ඥĥһų͸ޡ
޵ķӦǣżͻˡ
ˣԴΪ£ҲҪӻ޵Ļ칫죬õúܣҲ˵ҪȥȰµĴˡ
׸²ԭΪֻҪһӣһ̻ʹ顣
ŷ֣ܵſھͱˮϻͲȥˡ׸ʱĵ¡
ǰضǸҲ֮޲ͨ
ڵҲͬôܴ
޲ް飬Ҳûֵĵط˶ʮ˵ˣ޹ƸԸҰϣôԸٻҪǸ˵ûҡ
ôдģԭĴ
Ҫӻӵԭ򣬲ôôѵ˽˶֪˰
˷С˵ûĻܻϣ
ûϣġһ㶼ûС
ð׸練ʡ
ǰ˿ġ
Ҳ˿¡
ԼеŮˡ̻۹ȥ˽µģʵһˣ˼룬˼뿪ʲôĻûһۿ͸
Ѿ׹ˡ
ǲ֪˻жòס
׸§˯ʱа̾
ÿûд𰸵ġ
ڶһ磬׸šϰࡱ߳·Ϳһ߹ġ
һǸ·Ĺġ
һͣҵ޼ɣӿ˽Ų
ҵȻͣˣ͸Ĵֺ뿪
ӳ⿴ʰ׸磺Щֻ»ˡ
׸Цµһ򼱣˵ȷˣպٿʵʱҪʰҿֻ²ͼ
ʱ濴һûߣǰĴ˻ͣҾ񣬹У൱ǫѷˡ
ҡͷ̾ҵĳˡ
ǲһ򾡡ʣһң
׸̽ͷ⿴˵ҡ
̨ϣ׸棬˵ڹſ·Ĺ
ˣЦʣö˵ء˵ƹĳá
ҡͷȻˣһ㶼
ίˡٶһȣ仹ûػ͸òˡ
Ѿˡ
治̵ġΣνڶμһϵҡĵѾˣǣʽﶼѾ׼ˡ
ʣ֪µ۵ǻ
æ֪֪
ʣǶȺʱȥݷµۣ
ٴȥȥ
䣺
ˡȻ򡱡ȲԸڴͬУ
һߵúܿ졣ӺǰнˣȴǶɽϡ
ñķӭץ˸š
ӭ಻ԼģǴŽһӭӡҵġ
ˡȻȵˣдܰ
̾ͰѻȺУٰѵļҶˡ
һЩǸӭ͵̨ܵĽʿӣʱҲòĴѣð˶ҳ
ˣԽһȥ̨ҲԽȫ˭뵱ɣպصż۸
ʿֻΪԼļҼͬˡԸӭӭӡġ
ԼӭƭҲѾˣһݣн˶ˣ
ȽŴЯճ˴ʱʧԼҲˡ
ӭЦЩļ²һ֡
䣺ǲ֡
ڴҶͬһȻ´ҲѸϴ
ʷأ꣬ϡŵ۵ǻǰףأʢ١
ʿگΪ
ľ͵ڽط̨·ϣģıľ͹سƽ
ˣֽ˷һͬ˷̨
󹦡ڳ佱һһ£лƹ칫飬ƴвţΪڹǱʧôɣ͸ð;ϡ
ʾȻǶô˵޾ʹӦˣΪ˲ί˲ţװģͼɡ
ѳһֱý佻Ȩ¸ɵĻؾˡ
£ΪЧͿأϧ
ʹ֪һвǱݵһϷǱʹõģ׸绹ΪһĻеľ
ŮΪѾˡ
ΪҲԻڳְպеۣʺΪ£ֻҲԸְɡ
ʵֻΪڳжһ֧ߣѡɷ/λӳá
Ŀģ񲢲ֻΪȷıȨʹĵλ
Ҫ磬ʲôء


786 շ2
˻ص̨ʱ, Ѿǵڶˡ
, ϴգ
Ǻӹȣ˵յ̫, ΪȫʻˣǷϵİ취, ϻδջǰͽժ
ڷ̨ҲԵѵһϡ
, ܿθ˵, ǵϺ񻹿ҩǲ֪ô, ֻöҽһ, ǵҩֹѪ֢, ൱Ч
ҽǾͿʼʹˡ
֮⣬Ҳ䵱ƶǵӦ԰˵, ֻҪܳԾУ²ʳ, ӾǺöοϻ, ԳԲǵİ˵һζͺˡ
֮, ˮƺˡ֮ǰϣֵĹ, ҲͻĹ˹, һҾһƬ, ӡʵϲʲô, Ӧڰ˾·, ĩʱ
һεĹʵȫ֣ԭʼҲЧֲʽ
Ϻ͹ķձ˶ïʢԵòôˡ
Լˣȥ굽꣬Ҳǻһ̨Բһʮڣȥʮ
˵ûǻ£һǧ˵ĻͳƵȥһǶʮ
ֺ󣬵һӦǣ١
֪õġɡжŮӶŴģʮǰ˰ÿ·һ
Ϊ̨İվͲȱˣվڽ˵ʮ֮һ֮⣬ʣµʮ֮Ŷͨաܶһһ
ôһİ취ÿ¶һΪʲôأ
ǰǰֹʱŵ˻ûôࡣʵˣó̶ȲͬնǰǳڶΣʼġӡ
ܲµõʮп϶ٵģ
ⰵ̾ǰݴ£һ۱һ۵ģΪǰģȡ
ѾҪַʽˡ
Ǿͱ롪
ʣ£ǷҪϲ£
ҡͷĻҲ˷ʱ䡣
οùȥ񣬾û£ҲһƤ̰ģԲ̰Ͼһ仰ͿԲˣָΪȥգǾҪǹ԰ʹõֶκһֵȨΪ
ܷŲðչ̰ȴȫֹ԰յӶᡣ
ǣҲһ˵ˣӵİսò׵˻
ҪúðȲС
һһˣߣ
˿ʼ˼С
ǰĻʵ۲ͬǰĻʵιңԴҵİ취ǶúܣιգǿڴЩֶξͲˡ
ǰ˿̫ͼ˰˿̫پͼ˰ղѱ̡ȵȡ
ڵǼҪưա˵ѡĳ̶ȣĳһڣԸǽȡ޾ͱ롭ܾ
ϳ͡
Ȼ㴦İգǹϸɱӡ
Ƭ̣˵һ⣺ǰն౨ϱ֮ˡûоʵϱٵĵطʹιΣ
ͷҲԡ
׸һУɹǵ̶ң罫ͳơ
ͷпɡ
Ҽ˼棬һ԰˺СֿԽײԱİ취ˡ
˿ˣ˶Ժ֣ˣ
ЦϱúܺãƽʲôҲ˵ư͡
ͷ׼׼Ȱ͸ˡ
ؼҺ˼գǡ壬͵ҪԼһȥԺɣûдһֻ̣˼ˡ
ڳвٱԺǱģ÷̨˥ġ׸˵ƾڵļҵףô˺һ㶼ԩ
˱Ժܼʺã˸ңתת
ȻŲƵĻεһɣ֡
ɣֲԶǲϷһ˴һһСڲϷææĶӹʺá
ڰ֣ãæġһ۸ѼĶӣЦǵڼˣ
ŻЩɬ˵ĸֻᡣ
˵̾ǺϲүİˡĪҪġ
⸾˵ĵȻǸкûˡѣɷҲһ
ӱˣֱϷһͰԺ߹ȥ
û߽ͿԺһһˡϸͷԼɼˣһ˫ϰ̽صȻܹѡ
һǸˣĿĬû˿͵˸еĻ
˿ʺá
Ҿ֣
¶ݣϸڣˣ𻰡ٶϸ˵ȥɸѾ
ϸ𶹽ȥʢǸɡڻ磬ĪҪơ
˵
Ȼڣ
ƴǣӲǽ
ϸͶ£ݡ
ʣǰˣʹ˽Σ
Ӳ˸£ͷ૵ͱ¼ǹңһжá
ͷ˵մʱ˿Ը빬£
͵̧ͷ¶־ϲ־ɫϸ̽˽ӲŲʣѾ𣿡
ͷһ˳պͿ޾ˡ䲻ܳм̹˵λ޲£
ƵƵͷǣǣ¶ϲоҲϸأס죬סףʹ޲ѡ
ûж͸ˡ
ߺӡС֣̱ϯϣβŹȥ֣̫
ҲˡС֣¶ƿЦ̬ЩǵˣҪۿǵ³ˣ
֣̫겻ʮȴѮˣͷˡ֣ͻΪȡóС֣³˶ǱУͼӪС֣С֣ĹҲһѻ𣬽ĸӶһ˳ȥ
С֣С֣أŮһ
ѾԶ֣С֣ҲʱǶζһӡ
ĸ׷ֱУ첻Ӧز顣
ЩҳȫƤĶǣ
³ȣֻ֣ͻ֣ˡ
С֣뿪֣ͼǺ֣ˣ֣
֣̫޵ǿԱˣǣҾͰ֣͸ˣҿû֣ǻʲô³
֣̫ȴС֣ܻعΪֻˣɲǡ
˵֣ʹ޴
ֻסԼ죬ȥ
ĩ¡
ա
ֱ洦ɼСŹϳŽʵļƷϡ
ݴ˹ϵΪĳˣء
д޵Ĵ˵ҰƽƽϾʹ˵ҡ
˵ȷʵȾˮҪˡȻÿһֶԴΪڴ˼ˮ̨ˮϣȽֽ⼢ζɿڡ
佫ʮӪлӪŽϽʿֱǰ̨¡
ǽ֮ӣС˷׷ͷš
Ǻǰ
ղ˵ڽϼ˴
һλ
˭ԴƵģΨĲˡ˵⻰˹Ц
ͻȻ˽˼˵պ³κᵽס
̨İԺ󶼷Ц
ûеܽд𣿳ڣڣ
ҲԵñ¸
Ǳ£ЩԶߵᵽ
ҲֻرǱµİɣһʵ顣
˵ڽϼĶ֮࣬˷׷ӿ̨
֮󣬹оͳʹ
Ծ˰׸硢ëΪΪһǰӭӴ
ڹſڹӭӭ
һ·ࡣ
ڹб¾⣬ο֮͡
λ𡣡һѣʼˡ˶˭ž鳯ҰҲҪһ
ָһ׸ëѾҪǰ̬֮ӭԱ߰ǻһ֮ѾҹͣƣĿҪ̱ˣ˲׸˴Ϲ˾ͱЮ˷̨¡
Χڹ˾֪żһţųµĽϡҷӵֻĸˣԺȲȥˡ
εȵĹٰ
ʢѾʮûˣ
˭˵˲ΪۣµķɲǶ˳
ţϢ̷׷׳˳ǰ̨£Ҫһʢ˭ʱڼиԣҲ̫˰ɣ
̫ƽٴˡ
Ƭ֮󣬱¼ݵӭ
ϣЦƽɡ
һȺ
뽭ϵ˵һμµۣǾȵĲ֮ϵĸˣǸ¾Ȼϯ
칫ƹȺȻСһ໹ͷ֮ˣĪǾǴ˵нΪ
˵˵µ۵ǻǰˣΪֻˣ
Ҳ̡ġʣ˳Ϊβڣ
͵ˡ
Աߵġ̫һϾưƵ˵ֻͷ֤˳Ĳˣκʹ²ͣˡ
ҽΡ
̫Ӵ˸£ܾñ»δ֮ǣʱͿԲˡ
ñڴ˽̫ӣ֮λʵڲҽܣҪˣͳⷬʻȥˡ
ǵȵͳԺ˵ɡ
ͽϵ϶żλĴ׸˵λǻ֪ɣ
ܱûлشֱӰѡһٴһ顣صͻǺεȵģǺεȵİǣǿľͻᱻ°ǲһǵĲ
ҵ˶Ŀʲô˼УϷʣƽпϷģҲ䵭ĵġ
ǰѵڴЩ̨ϵһ³˻˵
µĵڱҲĽ䣬Ŀһֱǡ
ȡر£Ըꡢꡢꡣ
ǵ˶ˣβغ
칫Ц֮ͣ󱻺ڣ֮Ұ
ƹϰԵİѵһڵĻ˳ȥ칫˵Ӱ䡪
Ͽʼ˷Ŀ
Խǰδؿж˵Ҫÿһ˶һλһƪ֮㾡ˡǲôõģ
ʾˣС֣ˡ
ǵͨһڡ
£Գ֣ǰ£
״֣𣿡תͷԽ̫˵ǰȥӭӣһ˵Ǻˡ
̫˵ʵû֣˶ĬϼϤĿԴһӣضǴСʶģ
ǽ̫Яһ˽ָΪ֣ûһ˻ⲻǡ
ֹҪǶô򵥾ͺˡ
·ˣڿڣʧЦ£Ǿ̫ͷˡ
ΪһȴּһСʵҲˡȰؿϽɥֻ֮ϵҳӣȡ䲻ѡ
һЦ˵£㵱ּҲ˰ɣԸΪʹ
ȡ
²Ӧگһ˼֣Ҫ˵ˣ
̶Ŀ֣ǹȥ¡


787 
˵Ĵ, С֣ſڵϺޣɳԡ
ͬĽ̫Ӷû¶ŭݡ, ˶йȨѹƵľֻ֣Ȩ, ûˡ
ڵǰĴҲ¶̬֮, ˱ʹᡣ
׵칫ƹƽ, ·ԼҵҲ¶Ϻġŭݡ, ľͺѸͬˡ
, Ͼ칫뱲Ȩ, ƹȻûѻʵ۹ںеȨȻҲͬġ
ʱҲֻӦ䰡
ף֣Ȩ̫צĸԭС֣ܡ֮˳, ͬһ㡣ȻԷΪ, ҲȷÿһɷܹܵסԼңٲʧ, ˵ɷܡ
̨̨ĳ
ֻС֣Ŀڶ
С֣ιȥˣɼ̫¡
̾ҵʵţ
칫ͷδš
ƹͷĳճʾ˶¡
ͻȻӽһ, , ²֪, ڼ֮أж񳼷ϣ
´Ҷ֪缸ʹˡ
ѡС֣״ٰ֮ص˵һ飬֤Ⱥ鼤
׸糤Խڷԣ˶££ܹϢ
ëѵڶ⣬һġʿȲıĳĳԸΪȷ棡ɱ¶ˣĿ
̲סЦѹһѹǰ⼤½ת칫֮Ǻã
칫ն˵񾡣
ƹҲ϶˵׳ϣ֣˸ٳ
ãһͰɾ֣ش̱֮սٹ֮ս򲻿ɡ
ּΪȷ棬תͷ䣬ҡͷŻؾͲдȥˡͷ¿˾͡վ£Ը
Ϊʿɡ
֣꣬˸֣в֮١֣ࡢ֮
С֣߹ѣ¾ͱˡ·Ϊ̴ӡ
ž׳Ժ͸أȫ
֣̫ĳƷˣС֣Գ
С֣ͷԺʲôͲʲô
ܾ̣٣ͽܣмѧ
̨ܳҪҪ׼ʡ
ӿԳ󣬵ֻܳƷˡ
ĺӲܼ̳λ
Ҳ˵ĺӸͨû𡣲˵˵ĺȥѧѧϰպ󲹸Ĵּ֮С٣ҲǸݣڱСơպвŸɱ¿ѡΪͲسˡ
Ҳ˳һ³ڡ򡱶ļ
Ϊ׵ǰ˳κˣˡ
λֱǴȣжţ긽ᡣ
Ȼסڷ̨飬вȻƴȴȲͬммǡ
С֣λ·о˵ɱˡ
ʿΪȷ棬󽫾Ϊ˧ʿڵּȲĵˣȥŹƻܿе˳ء
˵Ϊ˵Ҫ̣ȥѼҲˣʣ˶˲ݲ
Ͼ
˵ڶ죬С֣֣ȨŰϸѾĻϱؿ˶֣̫֣ԼС֣̫
ԼǺεȵӢ䡣
ԶߵС֣˵˱µӢ˶ҪұֹҲã̾ɱأ
κⶼ̨
κеµκʵڲ֪ĸָöĸ˵
κ˵š̨µۡô찡
κȡλԸԽԽŤˡÿ춼ڵڽӼҲĹһԣʱ˵λҡʱ׵κ̸ټ⹫ʮֻϲ
ÿضֱӺԼ¡
κҲκλƢЩϰ֮Ҳطȥ²ͷĴڴʲô⣬Ƕǲǹ뺦˱ڻʲôġκߣȨȫ
ǿһ
κǾһôҪ˼֮󣬶ʼ޵ˡ
Ҳ֡ţͦ˳ġ
ʵ뽫κٵκպٳƹ߰ϵİ޹ġΪ˱ЩգͲΪĽκط
ֻЩͻֶΡ
ȷگƣǻˣǿ
گӷ̨ĸ·͹ȥвϵģȫҸⶼ̨˳飬óûѸ̾ɨһ¡
֮ǰӴġѱҳ̨Ҿֻм䷢˼ƽ
һٺⶼ̨ϵκûз̶һڣκѾǰӵˡ
ץⶼ̨ˣʵڲȰֻɱɱɱˣɱ̣ΪūΪū澡
κ˳ü죬κٶ԰ӶСֶΡ
ʱ˵µ۵ǻ˵Ҫµ۵ݹ飬κµκûôԡκĹ͵ݳȥ
ճκþ˵µɱˣһֻ۵糸ĳ֣֣ɳɱƬײ档صǳаյʮа˾ӳˣΨȫץˡ
κ󾪣֪µΪʲôͻȻ֣֡Īµһ͸öǶˣ
Һκµ߳ˣ
κм㣬κ԰Ӻͻ˲٣Ϊӡ
ȥ֣;һҲΪ˴һµΪʲôôɡ
κǣӦô
κʹȥ֣תһȦٻڵϾ˵һ˴ʧɫĻ
ԭ֣Ű֣֣ӳ֣ȥµˣµ˵֣顣
֮ս
Ϊµ۲û뵽֣޵¡
мҡȥκȰҲȥ̨״͸氢ӲТ˳
κʮĶȴⲻܳɹΪӾǱµָġ
Щ˾͵״ǵ˵棬µάҲֻ̫֣Ҫκһ㣬˵λڹܰŰʳţʱ£һ˷ŭͷӣλκ
κĶˣԾ彡׳꣬ȻλǻͰӻعĽű³߾ĻɱТĶӣ
κԥգڵֲסصλջĸ鼸κ󣬼ٽ踹ʹҪѰҽҽΣ;Сʧ١ĸӳκ
ӽӵκߡϢ¡
֮ڹɢκصϢ
ȵᣬʱ̾ԭκķ˺С˵κزȥѰҽҽΣҽûҵκĲȴˡ
κķ¼Ǻκĸ͵ԥǣҲ֪ĸӵϵκϣŰӻƴĸӾ̫ˡŴѶҹޣǾߣСҲ֪κֻ²ÿϢڹ˴żȻκӲصѾ没ˣǰ󲻹ա
ֹ£κȥĸŹľˡ
ѶڹеκʹһҸʹأκ֣æ𣬰󣬷񱼵ţڹľϺޣֻڹǰһƬޡ
֪֮ѶԽԽ࣬ͱκſڿ޵˾͸ˡ
ӿһκͻعֱκᣬӶ˵ֶ
κƽƽȥˣκиǶָӰκӾ͵ġ塱ʱܺκ˵ʧΪ񣬸λѰɡ
ǰκʧɫ׷ѪǧҪô벻ѣ
ӾǼ֣κˣ׵ûò׼ˣûüúþһТģˣѾûĿˣαٵأˣˣ˵ʲôˡ
̽ʣȻˣ˳̫ӣͬĸǼСû˳۵ģ
ӱܶ𣬿ʼһһд֪˵ˡ
ǽ³ӵĹ飬֣Ѿ֣ѳʡˡ
λκʼΪҪҪﰢӰѹݳȥܡ
һΪҪݣôãСҲϣͷҲֶҲϣִǧѵһǶ𣿣ڲҪһһһڵģ
һ˵ðֶ̫ͷˣǿ³˵ıõöκжģԲ绻һСκĹӸá
ֲУˡ
СȻһ֮أʵϲ̫һ
丸洫ôںԼ棬õͷʱ͵ı˭졣
ܵκһ͵֪ѪԵϵκ㽻Ǹƺɱ֮κˡ
ⲻ
ԣ̫ӾͲˡ
ѰģҪҪһͬ
³̨
´ӳӭĽ˴˸棬ж¡ٻﶼһЦС
Ҿ񣺡ʹ
Ҳ񣺡ࡣ
ЯֽҪҪȥ빨ࣿ
ҡͷȻ˵ȻӦȼʽĪж۾
´ǻ֪Լʧˣҡͷͷ磬ܼ⣬ҲԸˡȻʹشǻġ


788 ³
̨ӡ
·е˼طġһԵôϤǵСʱֵһ߹Ĺ
˵:ǰûʲô仯
ǰ̧ͷҳáû˵仰
Ҳû˵, ˳Ĭ߹Ϥİ·
סĵط֮ķǳ֡
Կڵ, ߡ߿뽪, ͹ʺáһ߿¶һ˿, ˵:Ҳ𣿡
˷˽, ǶΧʡ

ֻ𣿡
𣿡
󻹺𣿡
һ̾Ϣþò
º䣬˵:𣿡
ҪҲȥ̨𣿡
Цȥ̨ҲҪȥ𣿡
ǻû˵, ֪³ѾˡǽӲ˵
Ͼڵ³ȻҲǴֳ, д˵ǻһġ
Ȱ³´һ, ȥκˣԼҺԺֳ⡣
Ȱġ
ͨ, ºܿͿԽȥˡ
Ҳ, Ȼͽô۰ΪǵԼеܵܰɡӼйߵʱ򣬸ǵüﻹʲôˡͽǶǵü, ȻѾ벻Ŀ, Ժﻹһӡ
еһһ쵽ƴԶĺӡǵֱ̨ǰһ쵽߶ͣץסʲôʲô
̨Ͳٹעˡ, ʼֻб¡, ֽǵİɡһȫڱ¡
뽪Ҳ뱳ѱ¡Ϊǰѱ¿˼, ľͷԼĸ顣Ҳķǳǣϲ̣ûǣֻԶ˴ˡΪϵ˻պĽɣ
뽪̵ˣȴֻ˿
¶̣ûаġ
ϵԽͽǲ̵ģǾô޴ˡû취׵ĸκһֻվмΪѡ
Ϳ뽪µƣһֱȰﳤͲǸһܺĺˡʹ𾴽뽪ȴΪݶǵȰ档
Ȿһ޽⡣
߽ȥ֮ǰԽ˵ٵˡȵ˷̨֮ᡭ׹ġ
ҡҡͷεЦ˵ҾͲȥˣԼȥɡ
ܶνڻʲôӼķӦҲý¶Խ̬ȸӵĲֹۣ㲻Ǿȥ̨Ҳһ
һ߽Ϳһ
æÿ񣺡òˡ
ֱھȵķĵطſͷȻѾˣȽ»ϡ
ĪĹȣµ
￴ǳ˵ˡڴĿһۣС˵廹ϼ𣿡
£ƽʱ㣬ɣ
Ĭ
£ҿʿ飬ѵį𣿡
ҡҡͷЩеʿӣŽȥ˺档
ͶǹŮˣ̬ģ
¼˾ЦȻˣͽҲǾˡ
¶һ˿̬ЩŮҲô£м󷽷ĴӵΧŽ뽪µ£Ͼ⣬Աߵٹɪɼǹˡ
ЦƽʱȤĶࡣ
ƹѲ󣬽ﱻߴ˵ӣʣǿѵģǡʲôҪң
δŽ滽һ㣬ֻڱôйȻҲ뽪׽ֹһθܵж࿴ؽΪİ½ڹֳӣ߱ôҥ£Ըԭ
ڽͽǰ¶һ˿ģӴ빨ҲûˡȫжλһеֻЩϲƨÿ
ϱȽвŻбǰ³һҵ
û뵽̨ȥһ
̨ǺεȿЦɱ£
µĵȿ־ֲһڴѾˣӦǲ˰ɣ᲻ý³أ
Ŀӽڴ飬ŵȥ̨
ﲻ̨֪ϵ¡ʲôҲ֪¶ɫĪµ۵ǻˣ
ǵûʵǸɵӡ
æʣ֪һλŽµ棬ҡҡͷͻȻЦͻȻ֮оˡ
ǹʧˡĪ֡ȻǱ٣ȻӦگȥֻǹָơ
£Ϊ˰¸ߴӴ뿪Ҿ͸ȥ빨ˡҶһ䣺£ɲôƬ̡
ɫȻͲÿˣһףҲûе˵ȥֻ̨ǲ²⣬˵µ۲ϲ뽪Žйȥ
Ҳȷʵû취ֻܾҪ빨ȥǲÿҲᱻ̧ϳġ
֪أġ˵
±ΪۿһƲķӦҪȰͽȰùˣԼ벻ͨûá
ƴ˽ᣬ뿪ֻ뽪ͽһһڶֱȥ빨ࡣ
˿вϵ˽ȴ۹뽪°ѾԻ㲻
˵ڷ̨ľٶ빨Ⲷ
޲ڷ̨һͰѱӵȥˡ
Цˤһӣ˵Ҵһܡ
Цҡҡͷ˵ڷ̨нָ̾Ľʢд컯Ҳ
ŲôȻܹһ׷ű׷̨ȥ뵽̾˶Լñ¿أͨݡԬУλ˵ףһĳɾֻ²ˡ
ʱҲҲҲ
ⲵƸÿ˾͵ˣȥɡ˭̨֪ϲ㷼һϯ֮أ
ֻһЦةǶҲУһҲУֻҪ̨³ңûʲôҪġ
Ƶûֵܵùĵ׵Ŀ빨ʹлĳȫһҲȣظʰȥˡ
뿪󣬽빨¡
³ѽպֻ޶ǹǲ䣬һվɡ
ʱһ֮ףպаž
µʡݡ
ִĳʶθҷݣ˵һЦһơ
֮⣬»ἰࡢκ¡
ⲵȥࣿ
µͷһҪȥһκȻǽѱκѳ°˷֣ҪҲЩ
ⲿǱŽһ׼ˣƤ¶ҲҼ£
ýԵȣȥش̽һ
ⲵأѾˣѰ׼ҸȫɱˣԼ̶ûŹ̫̫Ǳ˳ʱġһתûǻصԳΪ
Ѿ˵«ūˡ«ūŵʱܰ׼ϽƣҲίίġûиһ񣬾ڵһˡ«ūͷ˶ǰ׼ŮŮһûɱȫͻҡ
ΪúĹϵʮƵ뵹ǳ֮ѣÿ궼Ҫͨš³һѣһ֪࣬һ֮̾˱þУѱ档
ȵĪࣿ
ⲵ˵ˣҿ㵽ǲһࡣǰԵֻ»Ը硣
ͽ蹨ҵʹдţһ̨ϵı£һӹȵࡣ
һţ˵һ˵ཻϸڣ˵°빦ء
˵κ
κⲾҪЦԶ֪һǰκ֪ǲǻͷڳӲҪλڰӡ
˴󾪣ϲЦˣ
ЦˡӾκĶЩ
Ц˾ͼˣȥκӣȥ˵ҲʡЩ򡣡
ⲵǲػˣʣµ²Ҫء
µ֣ˡֻߵϢǱ߾Ϳԡ
˵ţ͵ʹߴκκʧʹѵԸΪнʹһͬǰƺҲҪ
빨
Ⲱε³֮ˡ


789 ĳ
ӹȡ
軯, ԱΪΪ˸֪, ĸڲΪʱҲֻǳΪһӡ
Ѿᵽĸڹ˶׼ⲢֹΪ, ΪԺÿһ
ࡣ
ǰûôˡĸ˵ɵòΪֻһ仰, û뵽Ȼġڵʱ, Χһжʧˡ˲ע⵽, Ŀȫ۽ϡ
ֹò, ̬Ҳһ㡣һ信ݶ㡣һηռĸ, ˾òԿ価ͷɡ
ÿһ˶ڶĸ׵¡
, ĸӦ˽顣Ȼ, ĸ׽ɵɼ˿, ޱߵΰĸҲĿ⣬, ɻΪĸ׵һ仰׳û˿ɡ
ĸ׵ĳ羴ȹ
Ϊŷĸ׵ľǹء
ĸߵ˶ŷ
ֻϣĸ׵ʮ֮һ
߽ȥʱд, , ӭǺЦͷһдž˵
ﲢǴ, һѼҵŮӡչѡ
ٳ³֮Ů, ¶ӹѧȫеӡ
ӵӹȺ, Ȼ˶, û˻ɹǴ
ĸ׵Ļˡĸ׶˵, жʮʱȥʶ硣
ŽӹȨΪµ, ȫµġĸȫµķʽͳ磬ֻĸһʦѧϰұ֤Լѧʦȫı졣
Ŀ־壬־Լ㡣
ϸϸдһţϸŷһóȥ
棬ʣ͵³𣿡
Цǡ͵и֪ôˡӹͣһúдġ
˵ҳȥһɡ
̴Ӧȥһ·ĳ˴Żӳˡ
ڳϣʱһֱڶӹȵ飬ʲô뷨𣿡
ѾӹȰˣһֱڶ飬ûгšȶǺӹȵľΪ֮ǰӹյУжٶڣÿ׳ۣж׳ңÿ깲ջʳжūټݳƥȵȡ
֮󣬺ӹѾֹȥ˰ꡣӹѾָ˹
ȥĻ壬ǵ˶ѾҪӽӹȵˣֻǧ˶ѡ
иµġɡũɡ˰ɡ꣬˿Ȼа˳Ǹ񣬵ʣµɶѾ仧صİԼܳġ
ζŰѾܰﵱɼˡ
ЦȻˣۿһӹȰɡ
Ǻܿˣ·һֱ쵽ȥ
˽ӶȥԿ·Եأֵһݣһϣ
ǰвһӣ쵽ȥʧˣҰء
ȵǣӸղȻգƺ˺СƳ׼ȥ⡣
ﲢûڸ֡
ɵǵĵطˮԴ࣬ҿŴݺϸмֵ
һӾˡݺ϶ָ˻Сܻ
ǣأ
ѵǶȥСˣ
Ϊʲôûˣ
ŴǰһС·ת䡣С·򳦣ϸѡ·Ϸǳ㡣
ɾ˳ǰС
µصĻơ
ЦƵ
ͷĸ׵İĸæÿ춼ȥɢһɢ
ĸ˵Ȼȴ˵ĸ顣Բܹ
Ҳʶĸסôˣƾܷĸ׵
ǰʼһƬһƬĵˣϡ͡
˵ǸȮ𣿡
ڰУȮڱţܻӭΪȮĳڶ̡ȻһȮ󣬵ʮĻһҲţˡ
ңţ׵֣һҲһͷţҲһ
߽Ϳʮֻ米𣬺괭Ĵ󹷣ĸڷһܸءȻǸȮٷһ顣
ӣԯǰں󣬿ںߣǰһţƤƵǰ˰ţƤϻڼ縹䣬ǰסԯƳǰһͿԶˡ
һųɷسݡ
һʽǰзģĸ԰СʿĲʿñϣǲڸԵܺʵڽ˾壡
֪˵ĸ׵Ĳʿֻ֮ΪšЩ˲֪ĸжϲʿǵķһЩôĶĸ׵֪²˷ʱ䡣
ĸ׶˵ǷһֻһãֵõġΪǷΨһһõĶ޷ˡ
վ￴˰ĸհѸȮĵٷһ飬ȻѵĲݸʲôĶ
ʱϢˣʼڸתơ
ڹȴˣ
˼һࣺ¹ҲΪڵĹ޷棿
ЦŵͷǵġЩҪİ֣˵ҪļҲ֡ʱԼԲݣҲҪιȮ
ʱֻΧ£һط٣һɫ˲ӲݴԼֻܹΧȥǸץסˡ
쳤ӣӻǻǣ
ץסȥ˿佱󣬷ʼæǻסݸѲݲСһ
ȵķĸ˰Ѹеﶼһ飬ȮһһεϾȦ˶֪ƣ룬һֱæƻ衣
䰵֮󣬻ϳسˡ
ͳܿ죬ǻصʱҲѾˡ
֪ĸס⸽Ĵֻ߻ؼʱѾǰҹˡ컹Ҫǿܻؼ˯ʱͱˡ
Ϊһֱվ￴Ҳûд
ϡһʲôˡ
ڶ죬ǻȥǸطĸպʮæµ
֮ÿһ죬Ƕȥǽո֡
һһᵽĸ׵Ĳ뽹ǡ
ǰĸΪʲôŴգˡ
Ϊ̫ˡ۾˵һأֵص̫ˣôĵû֣ȴô٣ʵںȤ̲סҪЦ
ˡǰĹҲ
̳ʱǲҲ
·ܿüƬĻҰ˵̫ˡضķˡ
ʱĸ׵Ļжĺ⡣
һĲ͸Ҫʮ굽ʮ꣬һСӤ˵ʱ䡣ĸЦһ£Ŀʧ䣺ûиĶʮˡ
տҪʮƬذҪʮϰҪ˶зܡ
ĸ׽һУȴܿһˡ
иһǡ


Ҳ뿴ĸе磡


790 
, ʯǡ
ɱֻ֮ص˺ʯ, ûȥǸڵѾƥС
úΪ˾޴棬ڵ³ȴһֱѹķչ, ־졣
һֱı˵ϰ, ѧ֡ʧȥũϰҲֻǽһٶ, оȻѾҲֵءԸֵصˡ
󲻱˵, ǸԸ, ҪʲôūսʿǹսǶԸ³ڵ, ׬´Ǯ, Ӽ磬ܵȥ˵ء
һΣһȫɱþ, ָߵĺӶûзŹ
Ժ󣬾ûҳˡ
ˣūȻҲԸֵءǿūֵأūȻܣ
ץ֮, ԭЩūūҲԸֵص, ΪֵųŻɵĻҪֵأǻȥ³ֵء
ˡ
˸Ӹˡ
, ˶ܰء뾡취ͨһ, ֻҪ˲, Щ˻֮ɱӵˡ
Ӧ˵, ǵΥԸ˶ֻ·һ
˶ޱȵĳ羴ΪǱӱӻǵΥ־Ǿͻʵ

Ҳ벻ġЩ˾ȻҲĳ羴һˣ
ط֮£صȻֻʳΪ˷ֹѧֲʳȫû취֡
ġɫĵףֱųԣĥɷ۵ۣȵȡ
ΨиūԵĶģԵ֡
мūһʳҲԼֲôõĲݵԲŶԣôūʳأ
뵽ڶǵĵӿϵǹɷŭ롭־塣
ѾˣһˣһֱһֱûзɶĿƣһĽֿ
ֱ׼õ
Ҫȷûһܷ
ӻɣ֣κ³Զ˵С
֪ɵˡ
Ǹһ³ˣһеˡ
ʱҹȥˡƣƭɣμˣδɱȵȡ
˺ܶ࣬ʱ⼸ĶĽᡣ
֪һжǲܵġ
ˡ
Զǧ֮⣬ֻ˶־ɵĻٵ
ժǹ
ʱڣЩȡŮϣ˵ֹŮֽ֮
벻ţСô᲻ʶҰأڻ˸ֵԵòһˡ
ǰҰҲԹҰϽʣںʱȥҲܾûгζˡ
̹ϣϴ֣
ʲôˣʡ
˵
ֻһͨˣո߳Ͷ˰׼Ϊʿ׼ұɱִ֮ŲתͶ룬㲻顣
Ϊִ󵨣ʮ
˵һϢҪ롣
룺ʲô£
Ҳе㲻ȷϢҪǲҪ˵ժǹѾˣҲôҪ
˵һ֧˾Ҵ³ġǰգǸһ£³ժǹǽѪ
ޱ飺Ŷʲô˵ģʵݣ
һƺ뻹ͦȤһһʮ˵
˵һ֧˾˵ǷˣеϵļȴǺöһļ嶼ò
֧˾³̨սϵˣһ屻ժǹΪʱڷǣӹһ٣ժǹצû֮ǰˣ˽һصĲƸ
շתӵ׼
üм棿
ҿа˷֡Щ˴ӳϿȷʵ³ˡڻÿղӿŮΪ檣ȴȢޣкʹߣŮŮŮȴӲޡ
°ЦĪлнѪ
ǵġ
ЦǣҲֻ֧²֮ժǹȥ̨ˣ˻̨ء⼸ʮ㹻ժǹ¼ȫѹˡժǹѣѸף磬̨еķ롢ȫһ򾡡
˷ǵĽΣֻЩôֻҶ֪ǵˡ
ڶֻȡ˰Ǳ
Щ˵ǲ³ȷʵԸժǹ
ԼЩ˴Ϊ棬ػһ֮
룺ժǹҲޡ
Ӷ͵븮ϡڶ˵Щȫˡ
󾪣ܣץ˻ڽ¡
Ϲ亹
ڽЦˣ
˰߽ȥȴǰһϯһƲˡ
Ц˵檶ŮҪˣҹǾ͸Ͻȥ׷⼸棬ûúóԹɣ¡
վ˰죬󲽹ȥ¾ʹϵĶȫԹ⣬Ҳûøʹ
Ī޶
ʱŸ̧ͷ롣
뻹ЦΪж
ʵڲƺһ㣺벢ɱ
ˡͳ˵
룺Ҫɱ㣬öİɡ
дԷơ
ͷⷢʣΪҪɱЩˣĪЩ˵ĶǼٵģ
ҡͷ٣Ҳ֪
ǽϵһһˣ˵򡭡Ķӡ
ʮǰˡҵҵΪ˵ժǹĺӡ
Ķ游֤Ϊƾ˵ժǹ
һнΰһţм¼ŷ̨ϵһ׮£Ԫժǹִ֮Уժǹ˵Ԫס
丸ĸĸ
Ĭ˺ܾãû˵
ĸдҡڵ뿪ˣؼ·ȴһ̿ͣˡ
еΪɱˣҲеΪǱɱģҪȻôҪΪʲôҪץϯٰͻؼҵ·ϳأ
αҪ£
Уһţٴζ
ŵв죬Ѿ˿ʮˡ
ɵʹġ
ƫԶкܶϢȱĵطһ
Ͳ֪ժǹҪƱˡ
ˡǻƵˡ
콵ŮԴ˵Ļʵۡ
ض鶼һο֡
̫ˡ
̫ˡ
ɻκ֪κȥһ̫ӣ֪̫ժǹ߳ġֻ̫¶κ˰ɣ
֣ԭ֣Ѿˣ֣ժǹɱȥ֣Ȼ˳ģ
ǵԹʣµĹλǸûõˣԹڳ¼
³³ˡ
ֻʣ½ˡ
Ƶ
࡭
Ҫ֮ȥֵ
˵̨Ѿ࣬Գ˴󲻾档
ֻ֣ľӾͿҪ˰ɣ
˴Ц
ûгᷳ
ʲôĸҪҪȡ֮ȴԼС
ףõ
ȴ뵱
ڸˡ

ֻҪţȥһѣͿԱӻϡؽȥ˻᲻˻Ϲ
ӵţд˻ţ޷ʣֻòдһ֣Լײġ
ժǹΪС
ʹֻһˡ


791 
쵽ˡ
˶, Ǹ֮ǰһﵾ, ̺Ǹʱܣ˪֮ǰϸġ̵
ǰոݱ֯˲ϯЩϯ˪֮ǰϣǱůֱ
ڷ̨Ҳѧ֯ϯ, һ, ־ͱɲݸˡ
еĲݱȥ, Ѿ֯һˡ
, һǵǰӸء˵
¶һЦ, ݷǳĸһӣֱһС, ССĲݱϥͷ, ܹ߱Ҫϸ, ȥҪ
ұģҪȥƿӡ
߱Ѿ, Ҳ׳ˣԴӽԺ, ÿ춼ȥ, ҲϳȻÿ춼һ, żײ, ʳȷʵһ, СС;ͳһ⣬ʵĺܡ
ڿȫͬһͨСӣڹ˵Ľ̵£ѧʶḻ˽ﶼ·ҲһЩСûĳСӵ
Ȩģ߶Ǵˣ߱ѾͬĺҪܶˡ
Ȼֻͨ㡣
ȥӹȺͰѸྫ߱ϡûй̵߱ø׾˵£һ߱һλ
Ǹһд̳зġ߱ıѡԸܰ߱˽̡һأûܱ֤һֱƽ
һֱϸĵĹ۲߱˵׼ǸĻǸʧ䣺˵߱Фĸ
˵δǼ¡
֮̾ţ˴½֮ˣȷʵѵһ
ôԼţأ괵ȫԼд
ԴǻѾвٴ˿ʼԴͿˡ
ǻ꣬Լдһƪ£еռǣдȷʵ콵ŮΪФ쿴ȥĳġ֮λүնġ
֤٣
ȴӴĩʵ˵ĩɵӣףүү֪谮輿ʵ۶ѵ˵Ǵ
Σ˵ڽ֮ǰҪʵ۵˶ڷˡ˵𣬵ԼԼǡϡϡ壬ǲǶ֮أ
Ҫ˵ʵһ鸾ˣʵġǻ˵Ϲˣ
ƫƫʵú˳ڻúúõء˵һʵۣԶ֮صˣȹǴʵۼʮûŶ
׮׮֤֮ˡ
Լдƪ£͸Դպ󲻵ڻƼҲУʱҲҪһȥ
д֮͸칫Ʒ
칫ð׸ͷӿ۾Ѿ̫ˣڿ鶼˶
׸߶ЦЦ͹ѧĻҲƵ
ƪ۲ͬĻϵ۵ǣԼܻɽнȡ֮
ﾺۡ
ҲʼŮӵ
ǰн棬˵дŮӵ׸ӵĲأ
ҵӺ˳ӦĿʼִ̽ˡ
Ӧڶ࣡иҲμĻṲִͬ£طҲʼĻŮķֱԼչȥջʲô
ΪŮỷǷǳڷܵġ
Ϊս٣ŮҲ١½еİѾ˾۾ӣһһΪһΪ
һֻнٵˣһֻнٵŮˣҲܴﵽܵĿġ
˵ŮӱúһȨʲôرԽܵ¡м̳ǲ䣬ҲѡһΪֻѡ˵Ӹ濴ΪԱ¸˶ܿóġ
ʣµŮҲûд̫ĸı䡣
Ը˼ҿԲվɽŮ޳ȥ
ҲûǿŮӶҪֻǸ˴Ҹѡѡ
Ȼм嶼Ըܱµ¹档
еļеļؾɡеļ忪ʼ̽Žдϻ۵Ůͽ̨֮ǰܶûʵ۵İ⣬ڴűŮһΪ١
Ҳеļƶ˸ϸļҹ棬Լи˸ƣΪ˷ֹŮȨеļлȥŮӵ֣պףŮ롣
Щĸı䶼İǰд£ʱ¡
ºЦŷˡ
óǳŭº渽ƶбҹŮĿ
ϣؾ
ǲеģ档˵ûܽ⡣ìԶ֣
˫Ŀ磺Ǳ£ֻҪЩ䡭
Ǿܾ棬Ҫ侲һˡؼҰɣʱˡ
ʧǵĻҡ
׸粻ڼңҲڡֻڳ̵ڼңĸ׻Ǻܸ˵ġ
˼캢ӣֱ׸緢ӲڹҴҸϻ֪ǰִ
׸ΪӦ𣿡
ҡͷ¾ܾң϶бµĿֻڻ޷ƽŲܻȥ
׸磺ûͨ
ͷ̾ץ½ਣ½ˮ
һĻǺܾûˡ
׸롣
ʵױµ˼̲һȫһҲһȫꡣ³ҲǷ˼ߵģʱעʱ̬ı仯
ڵΪµĵǻ;ٴ仯仯ոտʼҪʱȥӦµı仯ҲҪ۲±仯ݻ̡ɣᷢʲô仯֪ĿµķԣλöῪʼȡԱ²Żһ
׸籾Ȱģһȫˡ
ڲʲôأʡ
ʱ̫ˣŭؿҿ⣡Ҳнİ취УΪʱҾֻšŵۿй䡣
ڰ׸ϥϣǡ˰
׸Ĭӵû˵
ڷ̨ϣҿ־ű´ı仯ǵǸϸԼӵܣǡ仵
˼г㣬һ׵ܡ䣬Ǳ¸տʼ³ʱĸĸΪ˱ӣǶӲܼ̳мҵ
ڼТ˳ĸѰ׵ܣһҺ֡
ֱµǻƵۡ
֮ͻȻˡ
ɷ˵ĺ뿪ǰҰݷãһš
ŵ֪ǲţǱ丸ĸɱ
ǵİռҲ
ľٴвʼڼŮӣвƱ仯òҡ
Ůǲ֧ޡ
Ů¶ǣҲ¶
Ϊ򣿺Ϊ
׸簲˵һжõġ
ɾᣬһ˫۾ҡͷֵͷһжáܻøá


792 ʾ
̨ʮӪ
ӪһȺ, ǺȲͽк
ȡս
򱻱¸ˣʮԱͲܲμˣֻܲμӺͬ˵ġ
»мغߵ, ܲμӵһ㶼, ˵ĴҲˣڴʱúȥһ򡪡ûôΣգСҲһ档
ֻʣƽʱЩ, ־ʿڽ˷̨֮Ѹٱ¡ᡱߡ
ͳͳͨѡˡ
ᵽʲôǡʡ㿴³ʿʱëǺεȵĻϲ
׷ʿǡҲǲ֪, Щ˸Ϊ׷ȻҲڽʡȿԸޣһ仰ͺԥĴӦˣ
ߵʱͿյˡ
ȵڶٿ, ߵֻʣֻЩˡ
ýԼ˵ҲҪ˵ʣЩȫǾҷ
Ϊһգ뽨ҵҲһΪˡ
ֻв, ֻ̣һԺֵ
ʮûӡ
üһѧˡ뺢ǶҲ̫, ƺеԺ, ҷķչ
˿˵ɥԭ֮͸һ
, ȥӭһӭҪúùܽǵģ֪𣿡½, ⽪ջȥϸ˵
ǽ, ӵȥһ뿪
ġ̼Զý˾
˼, 뽪ദĵΡ
ûвͬʱ佪, Ҳûиܵ˷һȽʱĶı
ȷʵ, һֱȡ֮
밢ն˶Ǻ޽
ȴûмǺ
ΪݣΪܽʲô⣬³ֲ
ʲôûá
ý飬ϷҪЩûõĶ
漴˵̫ӣΡҲͲٷǸˡ
ÿѾѪҪȥĶʱеΡ
ýܴ
˽¡
ڽºԶͣڽļڻʱѾٺ±ˡΪѾᵽ˱µ׶жݡ
ȽȻع֮Ŀе֪ԭ֪¶еĿݶԴһ㶼ǵõĸס
ӱΪաʱǻ䳤ӵĳ࣬ϣܻĸ׵ϧʲôûУһ㶼ǵˡ
Ψ̨Ů﹩Ů񣬾˵һһ㣬һĸס
ŮפãСŮƴĻ䣺ĸ׾ȻС
ʱ־𣿺
ıӿͷ
³ˣ¸Ǹĺǿ̫ˣȥȵǸˡ
дĵ׸е¸׽һ㡣
ǵʱû취ɡ㡱ɵһ˻ʱܸܵǡ㡱
ڵ֪𿴹ܡܽ̽˵ýԽﲢûжôá
֪Ϊʲôûаܡߴӣǳ
Щǲظÿһ˵ġ
ֻǶԴ˵Ϊ뽪вͬĸס
ԽˡϣܶԽ߾衣
ͷİɡԺһڹﶼȥ
Ϊá
Խûжĵġ
ʮӪ˰²ŵȵ˽һˡ
ϣͬел࣬ȴûнã
Цһжá
˵·˷纮еûǸϽҸط
æȥ治Ϲ˵没ˡ
ﲡɫƣûʲô񣬼ҲٵġԱ߷̵ǹ
̨еֻ˶ˣﻹ˽ﵱʣΪ
ûʱ˵ķߣķǶߡ
ܴܵĴ빨鲻һֱʮֳ谮Щˣ̫֮λȥ֮⣬ƽʱĴ൱ˡ
빨ͽȥ̨ͬ⣬֪ͨ˹Ĺ󣬹ͰѺ˶˵ǴҲҪȥ̨ˡ
Ϊнǰ棬ûʲô˻١
λ˵ʱ򹨺˵ؼҡ
׼ˣһ˷ٽλ˻عʰö֪ͨ˼ˣ빬ǰȥҽУ֪
ѾӽͽĿ˵Ҫȥ̨ⱾҲ£ҷأ谮ķǾǶο˵ȥǶ׷棬Ǹ˵㱣أҪؼȥˡ
ʱŭ
ڷҲлҪ˵ϾŮбǰ³ŮĵλڼбͲͣܽҲΪ˼忼ǣڽﶼˣͣ
з˵ʽѷǾ澺
㶼ǴˣߣǰҵСС𣿣
ڷ˿ǱϾпֵĻģһ﷢ŭڷ˵ýʵ̫ûзˣҲ̫û֪֮ˡʱѵ˵ĳ֮ܵڣȥպءơⲻҲһμѻ
Ǳ˰˺ƣ̫ˡ
Цȳ̨ճ̾³ظǲľ˲ⲡ˵ˣƳġ
æǸⲻǡ
ҲϽ𽪵̾гˡ
λĶкܶ˹עġϾǱİĵܵܣȻƽʱټȥ̨³ԳԷ̸̸죬ĺӣеŮģ̨Լһ򵥣ĺһǱµԼˡ
ͻȻǽһ²Żһ˽̨ܿЩ˵ĵϸͶ˸ˡ
˲֪λǸܵҲĽ£³һ޶ˡһͰһƵ˾ټ£¼֮ϲ̾˶Ʒ٣
̫ˣ
˷ָ
ͷĹһܲһӣƽֱ³ռȥһôأ
ǸҶˣ׷·Լǽ;εԵԽԽˣ
˶ҲãûطšΪǰԱȫǡƷ¶ٲ˵ԻԽԽá
ԵĿҲܼ򵥣ֻǿһ³ɶѡ
ŵĹԱȴָָ⡣ǸϰǰʱķʽȻͨ³ɣȴÿʱÿ³ȥ
µӦǣֻ
ֻҪ³ɵĽһ¾Ϳԣ·ϿԲ̫
Ͼ³ɲǰںܶʱҲвͲܵĵط
ҲȥĶÿһ³ɣܶһȥƶֻѡͨȥƶ³ɣҪҪʵƶǳһºôģƶ
ӽ
±ҪǸȨֻҪϺ׾Ϳˡ
ҲеĹԱʱһסֻһרŽ飬ŵ˺ޣ˵ŶҪϻ
Ժ󣬽ҲȥѧϰϾ̨Ѿ̨µķ䣬Ϥء
˵Ҫȥ֡
ܾ
Ŀǰῼ³ˡ
̨µĶѾǳˣֱ³˺;ңŮӣụ
³ͺܺ˵ˣһֱû٣ǻԽԽҡ
Ů֮ĶǴ볯ʼġ
ֻһˣ̨µŮǿ󣬷׷빬١
ڽԤ֮С
Ů۽ѧʶĿλҲи˼͸Ը
仰˵ҰļҸࡣ
̷ǴһͷӷֽΪ۶˵Ǻεȵƣ
ŮӵҴֲ
ǿʼңϣ칫׸ܡ棬ǹٻؼҡ
ΪƲɵǼȲȥԸ¡µֶοɲôܸٸǧŮΪС°Լҵģ˼ҵҲܶ
Դͷ档
ֻҪı£ⳡͻ޼ա
칫Ͱ׸綼ľܾˡ
ΪȫҲʱס˷̨
Ҳ쵶ն飬ȱŻƹԼŮ죬ëѼпнãϻûнãиӡ
Щ̨ռŮһλг֮ѡŮ볯ɶˡ
һȤ£һԼѮĹԱ˵ӻȥˣһֱûһ죬ȻڳϿӣ
ޣͷλŨױΣִˣ֮Զѡ
ˣ
ӣã
ˣ
ѾѡٳɹˣҲ˵ʲôϴְΣֻԼְְÿ춼ҪԱ˵Цʡ
ְֳЦ˺׷
׸һʣʲôʱǰˣµĹر𰲾֤һ˶
ٻϰˡ


793 иˣ򸴺
ǵˣȲ³ѳСĶҲ
СڳͶǰгò, ³, ˽
Ц, תͷϵİ˵, ȥгһ䣬֪ɷ񣿡
ӣ˾Ա㡣
ġ˾ˡڼʶ֣Ĳ״ͳùгûעʹСܵκѰӻ
Ȼʶ, жĿһ֮СȻص̨һ˵Ĺµġ
˵Ҫ, Ĵ, ȵ˾һͨԵټġ㡱
˵, ͷһʶĸ󣬻ǵЦòˡ
Ȼ˵ĸڽһӼһȺŮ̵飬ƽʱҲٳֵܽϷ, ܹ˵Ļᳬһپ䡣
ӻ缢ƿʡ
ǰһֱűĸģ, ˵֮ĸȫͬġ
ĸһǳҳϵˡ
ĸʱ, ɵ˳Ĭ
ڶ, ˵Ҫһ, Ͱ޶ˣ
Ŀɿڴ
֪˵֣Χ̾޶ӣӵ·˵֣Ѿơ
˵, ʵĲٵˡ
øĽ̸, ò, ʲôĴȱ
ʱ³Ҳŵ»κ͵ȽԺ˱µָʾ󣬲ǰ̨
»ҪȥһԹ
Թ
¹һˣڽ£׵ˡѶֻһʼһ£֮һֱ͵͵۲Ա߳ɫ
൹һֱƽ½˵̫һ̨ˣ̫Ϊסڷ̨
֪ͨԹġ
Цøնࡣ
̨ϵæ͵ŭŭҶ϶ҲһΪ԰
Ƭ̣¾ͿˡֻǸܣԹǳࡣ
Դ뿪󣬽¾ǰ¸ݷá
ǳ䵭Ҳ¾͡Ƹն¾ٱңףԶı°žƲ
Ҳ
˾ôš
ࣺΪζ
·¾ƱΪԶ
ಽƣΪȡԶ
ΪԹ̫ƽ
ŭĪӦǱµĴԹҵҪԹжǲûһ֮
ûнӻ֮Ĭ
Ƭ̺󣬽µͷ൱룬ԹͿ̿һղԶˡ
Ŀѡ
ĽȴһƽĪǳΪ޴ģʮ֣ѵþŷ֡ԹϽȻûзݵĵѵ಻
·ŹԹѾ齵ͻֻᷴȫշ̫ܵƽ
£Թһ֮¾ŷ֮ءкβɣ
ۻΣһƨɵȥ
ΣݺݵҸô˵ϧԼ
̩Ȼڳ¸ԵΪᡣ
Դڳ¸ס
ѲҲںÿڳ¸ڡ
˼գڹ¡֪ãԿ̽ԡ
һСųɫһõ˵ΪΡԵǻҵȡӦá
ѱ۾
ֵ˼գѲٴμ
ʧġѵ
µͷΪ˵ѡ񡪡ҪģȨˡ
ܷȨ֮£ҲûΪˡ
һϣʵӦ˵ҲǳԼѡġѡһų˵мֹ
ôأҲ̫ˡ
ƺѾʧȥȫľ
ȻԲԸһһԹ翹
ֻ۵䡣
֣ǰ˿ɷ̨µҲ編Թ
οԹҲûһ֮
֮ǰ³Ϊˣı֣ķѵѾͿ˹⡣
ţǰδָ̫ӡ
ڵԹٳ£ҲֻڼԾȫˡ
պιԹι
ҵĽɽ¼Һθɣ
ǻ߷ߣԸ뽪һ̸
󣬸õΣʡ
ҲҪʾ
µ簲˳֮
ʱҲ˴һ£ȻϢ࣬ȷʵļڷ̨Ҳֻ޹޾ˣһȺȦļ˸Ըȡ
أ˵֮أҵȿҪ׳ͷĵľ֣˵֣ɳе屻ɱ
ȻΪŰ֣ĸӣ죬Ա
˭֪ⲻնأ
ɫһ֮ˣ̨ܷ⡣ñ׼ɻص˵ȣɼɡ
Ȼ
ҪõöࡣȻԼһɽ罪˵ԹֻҪͶͲ
ѽͷüһƣеݸ£Ըġ
Ҳⷢȡһƣѣģġ
ҲԼ뽪һ̤ͬǰ̨·;ʱõϢԼһˡ
⻹ѧġҪʱһǺõġ
꼸ȫǴʵ۷ģڸΪˣҲԸĳˣ
ԡΪţĪⲻ̫˳칫ǲ͸ܶ𣿡
Ҷϲ
Լ£ΪʲôҪóȡ֣;̳ͦģ
Ͼһһ˭֪ǲԵ
һεˡ
ܵˣͻƹȥͨͨ磬ɹɹ̫
칫ŵס֪ǱǱЦڱء
£ëѺͰ׸綼װư͡
ִ£ܵһֱ칫ͻƹСɫ
Ӯ£һŭ֮²ǣ
³ˣսʧ칫ͻƹҲǡ
װưǵľ
˵Ŀⶼڹϡ
ȻһڳϣҲϣ³һϵϡʱͲؼƽСˣԱ£ЩΪ˳ӵĲȻͬˣ
̧ͷڣ
顣
һƬ
ڣɽ
̨һϵ˾Ͷ³һϵ¶̬֮ˣǿ϶͸´ͨһˣ
Ůͱ£ǲҪ졣
Ҫϰܶǲֻ֧ĩڵС磬Ƕ޳ɡ϶ޡǰ˸ѡ
ЦãȥŰ׸綼û͸˿ڷ硣
ֻµݾ̲סҪЦ
ʵ۵ĶԳӣͬɷӣ͸ӶԿʵۣ޷һ޶ϵֻҪʵ۲ĳԣٿֻ֣
ɷ׸硭Ҳʵˡ
úҲµĳ˿ֵʱ䡣
žǰڽ³Ƴ֮ʱҲѾѴ볯ϵ˶ϵûƢˡ
ǷԵģȫɽĹԵòôģšĸ˵˵ʲôǶģ糣ʹš
ҲͶˣͷڲԵҲ¼ٷˡ
괺۵һΣΪ̡ʷ̳


794 
ӹȡ
һֻ, С, ֻǴɵܵܵӡ
͵ŮӵԽԽ࣬ܶ˼ŮӣƽʱҲк
ٸҲ, ҪԼмŮ˵ȥ, ȻӽѲ˷ӡ
Ϊ, ӹϲˡܴС, , ³̣Ѳ߶Ӻ󶼻ᱻѲ, ֶ, Ů, һɴУ²顣
Ϊ˷ū, ὫŮӴкӡ
峵һľ, , ĥ⻬ǰֻ峵ƽ̹ĲݵǺܿ, ʡֻӵǮˡ
ʱ, ǰͻȻм˻Żŵ, ״̻һȥ
Ǽ˼, ܹ, һһߺӣСӣԵһСӣҵֻ·СӣҵȥЪЪŰɣ
, ͷֻܡ
ſϵͻȻ˵磬Ǳץˣ
ͣ»ͷǼסˡ
ţһȺʿܹЩȫ𡣼裬ͽסʻ
ܱƣԼҴׯʫ裬ʿŷŹСʣǺˣ
豧ãҡá
ý§סĲӣʿôʣֻҡͷ˵
ʿȻʯ˻Ǵȥǲҵĺӣ͵ġ
豻ͻ˴壬峤֤ʵȷʵãʿŷŹ
ʿߺ󣬲ʴ峤ץ˷𣿡
峤ЦһƬѾ˿ˣץ˺üΣӦץһΡȻֺ޵
Ҳ˵ˡΪ඼Ǹ񼯽ɴ壬Աӣ˷ˣмڴļŮӣȻŮƭ壬ˣ˴ߡ
ǰȨ±ĸҲǲϵġ
ͻȻˡ
˵ǱиĸʧŮҹʹޣ¸֮ͬʼϲ¡
˶ץߣҿͷǵǮҲˡ
ֹ˼գһ˱󵽴̡
ΧһȦۿЩ˾ȻǴˣȺ鼤ܣ
ǶµóЩ˿϶͵ߴŮӵ
״󣬽˽˴
һӵϣȭӣЩ˻ˣ
ĴҲˣһ彫˰ľϻ
ץ֮󣬹ȻŮ±ˡ
һ괺죬˺ӹȵĴռ
ǲ֪ԭźӹ֮£Ȼӹȣ
ȥ֮գ׷ͣβʮȥΪѻ
̨
ȵķȻøˣ
ĸӵǣ˵ںӹȵ£ʲô𣿡
ۣԸǳˡȻʹ˸壬˵һԺӹȵĳ롣
ΪӹӦôΪ֮ء
Ȼǲ֮أǾҪѹյȨӦںӹһԹա
¶һ˿΢Ц˵ɡ
⺢ǳС
˳УʵҲ繹ɵĳɷ֡˺ӹ֮⣬ϡذȲأһֱǲңշչΡ
ڱĵطʵǷ̨
Խ࣬Խܱһ
ʵѾϰ߶ֵ߳ˣֻǵȻƹ칫ȥҪ˵ıˣܰЩ
칫ļϣȦѡǰ׸ëѡΪëѻϣΪȻȰ׸ʵɣʵǰ׸ߣ
Ϊ׸Ȼұǩ
֮⣬һԭǡ׸糤ñëѸÿ
Ĳˡ
칫ͻڶʮˣҲүү̬˶ͬڵģ¸ıȡֻҪӭ࣬ûеڶܱǷɸá
һκ棬칫ǰǲҲͦÿģ
ĸǰд칫¶
̵ص˵ͷ
ڻƹļߣǲ̫ҡֱ֪ӭݻƹΪʦ
껹ˡ
ʽͽ͸׸һӴ׵׵ʦ׵ʤ׵
ӭȽϹڶûȢޡݻƹΪʦ̾Ȣ˻ƹŮΪޡۿǴ㸴ư׸ĳɹ·ˡ
ңһѣǷ̨С֮ŮҲϵġ覴á֮һ
ʵǿ̫ÿˣڼɫ
ƹºûޣûȢƹҵŮӡǴһˡ
Ǻεȵ°
ǣǰȱڱŵ㡣
󵽵Ƿӭ˭ӻƹİ࣬⻹Ҫٿһ
꣬ʽڸʽиļΪ³֣ĳ̡Գޣ¸عһģȫ³ɡ
¹Գƶˣڡº˶һȪˮԣ˵س¹Ȫ
ɽ
ͺ֡
ĲеĽڱӵļʱִ졣
ϧѾٻرˡ
Ҫңһ׳ĺӴſڴ磡
ͺ˵
󺺴󲽽ñǿⷭվͺǰˣһӵĴ磬˧Ҳûǵ󺺵ľȥˣҲķ
վͺǰ磡ΪҪȥǶ񸾣
ͺ½̾˿Ѿ̫ƽˡҲٺ¶ˡ
󺺿޵ѵؼ𣿡
ؼ磿
Ȼζ롣
ͺУβʴ󺺣ڲ𣿡
󺺵ͷ˵ãؼң磬ǰѱٶɣ
ͺüںãΪʲôҪȥ𣿡
˵ֻĳһ䣺ڱӲǴİ
ͺ̾ǰʱûôء
ֻǶ̶꣬Ѿ˹ȥսˡҼһһԷʱ򣬴һ̡
СͷܣǸ˾Ӷ࣬ǲ¶࣬һܼˮһˮ磬õ¸ʳ
գòȡֺ
ûͷ˰û˰ǰҵ
ǰƶӣүү̾ǶġûܳԵ÷ͷСӣеСӶ֫ϸݣֻһŴԴһӡ
˵ͺֻˡ
պһˡ
ͺ̾˿֪˲öԸ
Ǽ̸ֶ죬̸أ̸ʫ裬̸黳ȻϾϲˣƲˡ
һʰ֮͵ҹˣͺװ˯ˡ
˯һС˼һڣƷ£ƶû䡣
ͺˣֱȡˮھ档
˿Ѷˡ
Ҳתͷֱʣɲˣ
ɡ
Ѿûʲô˻ˡĸֵ޶ɢΨһӣҲھӴ˲׵ϡ
ͺԳɫ˱ǹ⻽ɣô˻ʵɲո𣿡
أҲȻ͡ͺƵ
ɿ֪ڹʲô𣿶ǰȥصӦһͬ̽ȡ
գǹӾѶˡ
ڱ̫غؽȫֻɡһСɡ
ɡһ˵Ǳذգһʮϵ˵ģʮĶأʮĶʮĶĸʮĶÿһˣɶռĶء
˼ǣֻҪɡ涨Ķģؽ˰
ڰոһˣһһ㲻ˡ
Ծ͵ڰ˶ؽ˰ȻŮ˿ֵأŮ˲˰Զһ
أ
ǼеغֹǧĶĶ
Ȼҷվã˿ڿиٺţô㻹ǲģ
˰ȵʣжﰡڲͷ˰ˣա
ΪôҪϹϰ취̫ܵظ̫ԳԸ⹩̫һ塣
̫һεģ˴ǧź֮ʲôҲûҾ͸Ͻ͵͸ۡˡ
̫شȫԺ󣬾˵ҪҵĹֻҪҵĹˣ治ҵ鷳ҿ϶Ҳǵ鷳ϾǱȣҲˣǺԸǺúദġ
Ϊ棬˰ȥʵĶҲûж
Ȼ˰һ»Ķһʲôʱ˰˵أأ߶û꣬ƨ
ֺǺǵģ̫ظӽá
ţƹ˻Ĺˣ˵Ҫ鱾ذ˿ڣСصޣϵ߰ʮˣŮֻҪûﶼ
̫أ治ͷ˰
̫նظ¶ģĲգҪƭ㣬׺䣡
ˣʲôŵģ
ҾͿСܴͷ˿ڣȻŮ㣬ģһһˡ
ҵ̫ͷˣİʵûжȫǸˡ
ǾȻɡѸ˼ǳɻ
ҴҪʣ̫ЦǺǵĽͣû˾Ͳ˰ɣ
ҲЦˣ
̫ЦŮҲһ˰
ҲЦӦãӦã
ϣ̫ؿʼʸжмˣʲô鰡
·̸
ҲǴӵܰ
ҴϲѸٽжϣ
̫شϲ
ǺǣΧסҴţҪ˰
Ҵ󾪣ɱȥ̫ء
̫Ҳ󾪣ôǷô˰
ҸҵȺʱǷ˰˰ִӶô˵أ
̫һȻ򣺡˵ƫƧǲɡĳһ
ˣĵ
ң
̫ԱһոµġɡҲʵǷ̫ˡĳҲܹڿǡ
ң
ұΧţ浶̫ǱһǺܽġ˵ҪҵĹ𣿡Ҳ̫˰ɣס
ҴͲôǮ֮£˸ҡռء
лвٶưܺҵġ
˸ҸǿģҲֻܹˡ
Ҳͼ翹ӲŲϽأ͸ӡ
Ϊ̫رػٴأǺƿڴ
̫ز⡣
־˺Ҳô

Ƿ׷Ч¡
˲࣬Ů͸Ҳϡ
Ŀİ̫꣬ǰѡɡʩȥˡӰȴʼ͡
ȣͳĵ̫ƺȫռˣȴһһָ˸ֵˡ
ΪֵصİղҪ̫ؽǮ
̫ƺֻҪֵأճɾС
Σġ͡ҲûôˡȻУһٸֻڷߵİ˶Լ֮ҲʼҪռء
Ҫ׽ü̫ͣسȵȣЩѾ˵أˡ澣ҲȨɱˣ򣬵Ϊޡ
Ҳ˵ֻܴƨɡ
ȻҲҪ
̫أ񣬵ȻɶԼ𷣣ˣٵ̹
̫سˣ̫ԸҴƨɣ̫ηԸ˵Ժ˲ܸҽѵ
Ŷˣ֪ûжɡһ˵ʬײȫѰʬףжɱŹˡˡˡˡ˵ȣΪɱﷸ̫ظǱҪġ
ˣŶԺʬ壬Լһյ˿ڼĹУͨաū͡ȣڹĹء֮ǰҪźţмʬٲʬףԷѡ
طģ־װŶ
ˣڴǿˡ
ҿʼʧȥ׵ĵλ֮Ҳ֮ǰô⡣
Ƕпຣ
һ룬ʵҲûô
Ǵ˰
ѰҴ˵ǾҵͺߵţһУµ˵֮ŴӦǰ˵ͺ
ֻ˵˿ˣͺֻǴܳȥɱһʲô¹ˣȻֻˡ
Ű˼⡣
Ǹ˶ܾܾͺҪɥˣΪʲôȥɱǸ¹
ȻҲΪʲôȥɱǸɵӡ
ɵӻǿõġ̽һµµķӦǺܺ
ͺͻȻЦЦÿļˣһ㶼ǿ
ŴŭȡЦ᣿
ͺæЦŰֻ֣Цҵĳ³
ϢŭͻȻ֪ôȰˡȷʵұͱõ̫ˡͺڻڼǳ
ͣһȰǰ治˼ӣ
ͺͷ˼ҹ롣
Ŵϲ
ͺڶҵȾǻ֮ءȥԺ󣬿̫ػΪҡΪ𣬵ǲϧֻǲ
Ŵ󾪡ͺȻͷ
塪ͺʯٵͷɣɲ
ɡģôͳɻ֮ˣ
ͺЦڽ㣬⽭Σ
ܿ壬̻֮Ȯ
ϵûطأûط㣬βͦġ
ͺΪһ֮Ľϻ⣿
ŵʱûȥ˼ϡ·ˡ
ӴˣҲûͺ˻رӵˡ


795 β
һںҹž, ľͷζȥԶˮ
ҰǵŮԹĿ, ԶԶ, ˵ΧʱԶʱ
˵ͷͺӼˡſӵ·ǰе·ϡ
ֱͲˮͲͲ̣пδƣõʱ䲢á
ڿʲôͻȻʡ
Աߵҡͷ, ĿҲѸٴֱߵĹջ
ȥ̨ѧ, ﲻͬ⣬ĴӼ˳˽ų̣ûܼʱϵҰ, ûд, ҲûУڵҹĴײ, ǽԽԽ·ڶϣ
лܹ, ҺԸ
˺˰ҹ˯ıƺҲ¡˶˯
û˵, ֻ
ȴֻûбա
ҽ·˵
¹
ȥ괫˵Ĵ¹ӣ񱻼鳼͸, ԴȥұȥˡʿǺúõ̾һ, д˲ĳ
Ī˲¹ӣ
˵Ҳд̾¹ӵ, ʱ⳩һ¹ǰ, дԼΪˡڼһ·˵ˣ׽֮С
Ʒͷ㣬
˵ʱҲ˳¹ӻˡȻмͣ϶ҲͰ;ˣ¹Ӿ˳ȥ֮¹ɽˮ֮䣬ҹͣΪһμѻ
ֿ̽¹ӡܾ·ʵ
ʵھ¹ģһҲ԰֧룬ӡģֻǸҹаʮǹʮ˵·
ǾͲˡ
һĳٽᣬƳ¹ӵٸ͵Ŀһ¹ߵ澡澣һҹʱܿľ͹ȥˣ߷ףǰ⡰¹ӡһ仰ûУһ˻ѣֱˣһء˵һ䡰ڡûüʮֶ
̨
ĺ޵ö̶̵ģǵڹϡ˦Ŵӣ·Ѽӣϲߵúܿ죬һ·ĴŰ㲻մߡ
ݽ֪Ѿһ·СǾýŽŽвСڣ
׸˵Ϊ˶񽪵һһɵһĺ
̶ȥ̨Ѿû˻ѽɸʿˡ
Ϊû˹㡢ơⲵֻ֮ƾһû취ڸġ
Ȼı˷˱ԡ
ţ³˵һ洦ɼģûκγǸģֻСģСͨˡ
Ŀǰ̨·һ
ҵӦκӡ
ʱͬ˸ƽκȴλ¾ʹĲˣȥ³֡
³ǹδ࣬Ȩ֮ʢʤ졢ƶˡ
˽ϲ˶ӲƾΪҲЧ£˵ռ׳͡Ȼƾ
ȵҲϲ͹µ
ȣæȰ˵ⶼ£ǳţҪϡ
ֻ֪е㾪ȡ
Ҳ⡣ܺõĻģҪǵݲŻģ¡
̧һ壬˵ǲ鳭Ĳӡ
̧ȥʵɱ˶ˣ
һ£ԾľͱСˣһǧһˡ
ϾЩ˶ǰƶͷġ
׸˵Ѿп˯þˡ
ˣˡʮ٣ȥúϢɡ
Ȼ˴׸磬Ҳļ٣ȥúðο
ӹͲð׸ǣˣ˳ԶԶġ
׸ôһ𣿡˵žҪȥ
͵˵־ţ˵С
׸һĶҪˡѾܾûܵһˡиһӺ׳
Ҳȥ⿴·϶ʲô
ľȻĿת⣬ųԼԼģϡ
СĿкӵĴЦгµµСĽ
׸翴ˣҲĲȥһ̻ɫ
ƶʱû뵽Ժⲿɻȡ߶˵
ֻǾֺƶ˷ϱµ뷨ԼеΡ
дһ̷ʱǰĲѪܵˣֻǱĶС
ֱȻ󡭡
Ȼһ͵ǰܸ̣Ҫͷʬͳġ
ռǧҪ֮Ҳ˯ˡ
Ȼȥ󣬱¹ŮˡʮĺӺʮˡ
ԶԶ
һηԼƶɱ˵ġ
ʵǱ¶û뵽ģ׸綼û뵽
ˡ
Ӧʱ̹٣̣ôͻȻôĴ̼
Ⲣ׷ԭʱ򡣱·ؼңȻ˵ʱϢʮ죬Ȼûкתֻ±¾ͻȥˡ
ؼ֮Բð׸翿
ԡòͺޡ׸类Ů⡣
ȵҹȥˡ
洲ߣϴıס
ֻһ̣ͻȻˡ
׸æңҡ
ĺͻȻûˣȻָ
ˣ׸˵
ܺҹ֮иɡ
ͻȻ˵ҽһֱ𣿡
׸û˵
ˣһڼɱ㣻ұˣɱҡȫҡ
Ҷ׸籧˵
濪ʼе־ˡ
칫ѾˡѾǷ޵УǶôĳأ
²һϿˡҲŰ
ֻǡֻ侲
ڱµУǶǳӡмڣԺ˳Ӳ÷бҪɱǲ²ֵġ
ЩߵЩˡ޹ǷΪΪµĶֹġ
Ϊ޴
ǰܵõôȨΪҪȥ£±Ķͱÿˡ
Ѿʧȥ˼ֵǲģǱѾҪˡ
ǻڼ
ǱȻҪͷˡ
治һֱѵͷԣ
һգҲأ
ʼÿ־һջջصĶ衣
˵»ɱԵúܿЦ˶֪Ǻεȵİңذ׸
λӾ֮ףǿ빨һΨһŮ١׸ǰĻᶼûࡣ
Ǻ¡
׸ͷ£ǻᱣҵġҲǵġ
ڶ죬ѵûȥ̨ͱ칫ȥˡ
칫ںȥ̨ˣһҲδȥһءڼСͯ档
칫һ仰ǣ㲻׸硣
ûһֱ룬Լף칫ֱӸ𰸣ǲߺҵģҪͰ׸֮ûгڵӵܵĻܾͲھ֮ˡ
˫֮УǾǿڵϯСˡ
칫ɫûкתҡͷЦǲ׸ˡ밡ԺҪʼ˥ˣл᷸أ»úңصġ
һ˿ǲͨ칫ֱ˵˴𰸣²ˡȨӽԺֻеɴǧ꣬Ҳö֮ûˡ
칫ɵ˵˳㲻ŭǾ塣
꣬ˡ
ʲôأ
±Ǹ
칫ЦܱܽҪ磬ܽҽܰıۡ
ɱֻ޲ٻǧ˰ģðеһж
ͳ˵Ǹӣһʱıһʱı£꣬˼ıֹǧꣿ
ıղ۾ء
պűֹ̿ͣ׸ٸϵ˷̨칫ͿĻƹϹȥˡڽʱ˶¹ڲ
˲϶˵˷̨ס
˷ȥʱ칫ͷܶڴºúõģһж
ʱĶҪɤ
ڵ£ȵȳ
ͷǰͷͷӾĲ㣡


796 
а顣
ǵһ, үүиף
ÿеʱ, үүͻЦ
ĵ׵С, Ҷʦ˵
ʦ˵շ룬³ϡдУļ˲Ż͸, ̵ͼպΪұ
ʦÿ궼ȥһĹǰݣǻڷǰ®, һֱŻ뿪
ʦ㣬ܺá
û, ʦͿ½Уʦ³ն䡣ʦ١Ʒȼա
ʦȻ䵭С˯ϵ, ʦȴ˯ڵϣҰ⻹ڳ, ʦһᾡõĶûвĸɾ·ЬȫǲЬ, һ˫ЬûС
ʦȴٶĸ, ҲᡣСʱͻᱻʦ
ʦ˵, Ϊɳ, һǿˡ
ʹʦ˭, ʦһֱûи
ʦһֱĴˣȻ³ˣȴûлع³³˵˵֣˵κ˵Ψ˵³ԡ
ʮʱʦȢҡʮϲӣǵºӣ֮ʦͰˡ
ʦ뿪˼ҡ
ʦ˵Ϊ˱ó˷ǣٺ޶
˼ֻˣûص޶ߡѾ˼³ϣ޶ﶼ˼ˡ
Ҳûм޶
ʦΪ˰οĵһȢһҡԵڶ˵һһӣޡ
ŮӾԾˡ
ʹʬײ֪˼ٸͷҲ޷ءڵڶӵТ꣬˫ףֱȺ뿪
ʦ׳
ѾûκˣΨгˡΪұΪԼ֮ر𡣱֮Ϳƽȥˡ
˵ڶӣôȥ޶أ
ʦ뿪˴
֮ʮ꣬ʦԲ¶˵˭ֻǲͣĴ˵
ֱǰʦͻȻٽ֮췴
ʦͨʮ佻µȻԸǮͱ
ϡµʲôĳһձܿʦҷҵĳˡǲµۣ
Ȼûع³ôҲ³յĴ˵
Ȼ˵ĹУѾ˥ˡԹΪףϡϯϴ֮Ϻ߾ϡ
Ѿδ̨ˡ
²ĸ׾Ƿһ飺ŵķu
ݴuڽ֮ڹУ󣬱ժǹʬ׻ҡ
ǣuδȢޡ
ҲԼĸ׵һ˿Ϣ˵ǵûһ硣
ǵãһҹһ˽Ķ˵Ҫ£ȥɡ
Ϊֻƽʱһүү֮С£͵ͷ˯űͳšʱѾʦڳˣҲѾ뿪ҺԶˡ
uгӣûѶ
ĪĸҲѾˣ
²˻ǽϣ³ϣûµۡ
һ룬µֻ³һȻһֱȨ֮УΪǸ֮ûаڡ
Ůҡһ˻ʵۣǵġĪǾ
뵽ˣһһҪȥµ۱ˡ
ǲӪغܿ챻˹ˣǵļ屻ΧʦһߣԾ
ʦð¹֮ȴûǰ
ʦ¹ӵݺֻһ仰ȥѰ
̨ԷϺ֮֮˳˴˵µ۵㡣
һʹޣסһĺ
ǴſһӾϳˣ
ԭ
סᣬԺ뵽ˣµ۵Ĵ󣬻֧Ϊ
ûлؼҼֳСܡ
һиܵܣڿڣ߻м˵ֶŮŮӡ
ͻȻˣôʡǶϸңͺ޵ҧгݣɾᣬƽ˵Ȼܵܡ󲻾áȥˡ
ʧɫѾˣ
ȴʱŷַʲôСʱ뿪˼ңżǴˡ˵СʱҲܰѷuϳɵæͣ㻹һ磬㸸ǰֳͬء
һϼеĹ£缢ƿʡ
󣬹һ飬ͻȻ𡭡
Ҫ
һҹ˵£鲻Ҳʦ˵
Ǻŷҵġ
Ҵﲢá
ΪǵʵĴ硣Ϊүүˣʵĸס
ʦҲ֪˵Ǽ֮ӣյӡ
ҴһԣȻ͵ߣ֪Ҿڸı¶ڳϺ޺޵˵
˵ְѻ˻ȥˡ
֡
һֱ֡ȫǺɫİߡ
Ѿˡ
Ƿˣ³㣬ҪôһӶǿԵġ
ȻһֱʦܺãֶŮ֮󡭡ڸ֮ǰ޶֮ͷˡ
ʦ
ڳ
ǰΪֻʦ
յ֪ݺͶˡʦҲǳ˵ĺӰɣ
ɱu֮Ӧġ
Ϊڴʬ״̨ͻڷҾ͹òˡ˵հɥ£Ҳûֵܣֱڰ͵Ķܡ绹ǵȴѾǵˡ
˶ǳĺ޷ҡ
ڶܶڷ̨
Ϊշ룬Ҳǹ˼ŷµĳޣŲϵ̨Ҫ³˷ϡ
ϣܻص³һֵܡ
ֻҪٿһֵܣ޺ˡ
ɵľͽ˷ֱ̨͵˱µĹǰ
Ҳޱ˳ļ˱¡
¿ĵһۣȻ²¶ûи顣
Ϊ֮󣬱¾ͽҪԣˡ
ߵĴҲƽúܣһȫ
еķŭҲһѻ
֪ڷŭʲô
ͣĻСʱÿһ춼иѧϰһУʱ̼ŷҵĴ
Сʱ뱨˴ͿԻؼˡ
Ȣ޺룬˳ͿԴ޶ؼˡ
뿪ʱ룬˳ͿԻ޶ˣ
ûһ̲ű
İϤӡ
һֲڵķu
ʵѾ̫ǵ÷uĳˡ
ڿ飬־־ò񣻿üë۾񣬿ֲ
Ҳԣ˵Ҳԡ
ʲôʡ
Ϊұ𣡣
һġ
ķu
ǸƣġϵġãȻķuһμſ緢δ³׽Ūΰ빨ⲡ
ϣѧĵһʵǣѱ
ⲻһȼɭϵ硣
ĵӸһ㡣
ôһ̣ˡ
ٻͿͱԱߵƺˣ˶ûʵʵͱ˷ϣһڲูһڴȡ
üѽһ
ู˿ɲΡ
ֻôҴҴҽ
ȻȽ͵𴦺ٴ
ҽԺһӺ󡪡Ҳǵһμԭ˵ӷǣõ˿д㣬һСҽȥüûеطѪ

ûиõİ취֮ǰġšЧֶ˰ɣ
ʱеͷΡ
ҽ֮Ѫܵ˵ƺûгѪӦΡȻ˿ڷ˸СڣԱŧʱ

ºҽһмɴʣҽ˵гѪĻˣϻһѪҲˣ˵пܻģûгѪĻʮӲܿ
ֹ̫֮ۡ
Ѿˣֻȥȣ
ۿȵӻϲȻ󷢷ֻһ·ں棬вΪҪʧȥһˡ
ȵ˷Ҫա
Ӵ˺սշ룡ڡ顱Ĵǰѷڰ˰ٴˣĴ˽ô̡˻³ޣѷͷ඼
ҪҲգ
͸øǸˣԺ󶼸սշ룡ǲŲǷˣǶģҵĶӣ
һԶˡ
ȼŭŭͿޣ߿ޱչɵġ顱Ȼڿʱҡ
ȥ˯һڶ˾˸ܡ
¡Ϊҽ˵ʮа˾ŻӲ
һ˻ȥҪ˻³ްѷظˡ

Ҳû뵽ӡųĽȾȻôԵǿơ
ˣӦȨٶǷɿ졣
조̡ϢšƶÿԷųȥ̽һ·̨µķӦ
ǻɡ顱һˣָܻʹŲȻҲǾֻ߳ˡ
Ϊ©˭û˵
ǣ̿͵Ϣȥ
һڣëˡ˽һƥܽˡ
ӭڶ׵ˣҲˡڹ⣬ܵˡ

һͰһƺȥ
Ȱѹнˣ
úõģһԵɨһȦˣ˵Ϳǡ
װ
Żƹ칫ҲˣͷȻҲ˲Сľš
û취ֻͷϴ
ڳ˶ûȥû֪ͨλһۡ̿˭
̿
̿Ϳɾʣ
װ
ǸһǱϴˣ˵ôСͱһҵ˴߽ʲô֡οܻܲȥ֪ҲûôзҪȥˡ
㡢칫ꡢӭ࿴ΧһȦĿⶼ˽µˡ
֪ǲ˵ģֻˡ
黬ıף˵춼ˡ
Ȼܽ̿ͱˣ̿͵ȴǿ˵ġһһʮ֮󣬹üĳ˻³һ飬ؽϲ
ҡͷ̨գӦ
ԱһװؿڣɴѾ˻ȥ𣿷Ӹգﻹأ
һ۵ɹȥڿ״ĳʧˣˣˡˣ
޵Ȼ˽ͽִĻӸպ󣬷Ҿֻ֧ˡ
ĵ㻹֪˻ȥڷء
Ƶ򣬸֧Ҳв֮ˡ̿͡ӦһΪҵԱôĳޣӦȥ˰Ĳ˵̨ŷͷǴûڵұô޽Ⱥͷأ
ңұû̫ͼӦǲܾۼ˳ôűġ
ڻӦΪ³˱¡ұı̱·һ𣬺и˵档
ԣ̿ͿֻһǸСõɵӡıӦ֧ߡ
ųϢ󣬷̨ͽճſʼѲ顣иʽСмСץ˲٣ûһ뽪ıġ
ҵ˽һ·ȥҵ˽ҵ˵ʱ¹ӵľ£Լڴвһֵļĵҡ
칫ͻƹ޳ɶԽһ֡˲ѱ˵ҲӴ
һϴ󣬽ټϵҡ
Ӵˣ˳


797 
ʮꡣ
̨һ괺ĵ
Ůһ£˳, ׷Ůӿȥ
ŮŵĲݳ, ڳĳ, ȫǸҵŮ
ŮԶҲ̼Ҵʳ, ﶼüڶǰռҵŮ, һ߳ŵҵʳ, Ŷ, һɹŮ
ŮǴ඼Ϲѧ, ֻϹС, ֻѧͨ³֣óѧѧ߼ɱҵ
ĸúӶ꣬Ļκűҵ
ֻδμӵԵ˲Ż
Ƕǡͬûһ飬˵һ˵ԼĽҵҲܴ򿪻⡣
ֻҪѧ֮, Һ׾ͻһƬԽ˵Խ硣
һڵ׼µ³ѧķЩĿ˶һ, Щʳ, Щϡ
һʳڣһ˵ǰ껨ʱ, Ҳֻڹд, ûнд
һ˾͵ĪΪд
˴ϵ¡
ͣһ, Ϊ»Ӧüһġ˲ˡ
һŮԵ֮²ᶯ, ҾñĲежٴ£ǰҲөө֮⣬ɼ룬װ׺ķǾǶˡ
һŮϵǣϹŲ϶ġҪЩԸֵĻʵֻۣ°Ͳöأ
һ˵ֿ˰ѾǳˣĶ˰ûµİնڸ蹦̵£Ů
ܿתˡ
һ˵ҹأ֮Ӧ𱸡
ڶ˽˵ƶ˰쾭壡⣿
˵ղӦһԴնĶ˰ŴҸʮĶ
Ůͬ֡
˵ΪһֱѾ൱һˡ
ѽҲϳȥһˣú÷ɷɵġ
˰ʵʩȥ󣬽Ŀʼ˷Ե
һʼΪηҷԡ
ʱˣ˵ļԾͿʼˡ
ҲŹȥ꣬Ϳˡ̾
лȥһˣƻټϼꡣ
ëѵ£ͻЩ
˰ǽһͬˡĶ˰ĶҪ˰һֱڣҲֻ֣ؽļеİǴﵽһÿ˳ĶĽ˰׼
ÿһҶҪ˰Խò˼ңԽǽöࡣ
ȥβͳƽڽˡһֻͳ˷仯ĵѶȴС
ȴ˵ơ
һ֮гĶ˰ģǾӵĴ塣
ɵһһ壬µоΪһ壬ҲͥϵһжԼиأŮ֯ӡ
ĺô˿ڶԺ󣬵ͥյ͵Σͻ˿ܵСӵĴ
ҲӲһֵԴ⡣
ĳŮԴ㣬ʱŮΪѡὡ׳Ըֺͱ壬Ҳиõ
ԴʱŮΪļͥϲۺԺŮԿԵθֻ֯һڵΣϵŮԸӡ
Ȼ»ŮӵءƲҲǺܴı
иҲѡŵĵ
ҵķӦҲûгԤϡ
òļ忪ʼ뷽跨˿ڱ࣬ӱܽ˰
Ůӳޣֻ
³֧һЩԭֻϵ֧ļУΪ޸ףѾֳȥ֧
ӡӵȡǽΪӻӣΪ
һ˸İ취
뷽跨굽칫ƹëѡ⣩ļУͼ˵޸˰
һڸĻп޲ҡǿ˰̫ףǿǰôԻͣڵﾹȻ䵽һľУﲻФߡ
п޵ģҲԾģиҵġ
˵һϣΪԼҽ˰͸İմһǹ˰֮£Լҵˡ
ʱҲСһëѣڸˣ
׸磺ۡȿȡ
ëεͷǰˣ¡
׸εȲФ֮ˣ£
ëѣ
ǵǰ׸缤´ҪѽⲻФúõĴһ٣ëæΪФ顣
ȽëѵģȻˣ޾Ͳ˰ɡҡͷûˡЩҩɡ
ë굽׸ĳϰѰ׸һ١
ֵ֮ġ֮£ǰҲյҸŴ¡
֮˼ǵ
Ȼ֮Ժˡ
µһֱû˵
׼δʮ꣬ʮ꣬ȥԺǰҲͬ¡
һڵĹ̡
ΪϰߣѾȫȥˡ
ʱۼëҪᣬæ£ѽиˡȵȥѯʴǡ
ëѣ
Ȼȥȥ֮ǰΪȱº˵ϸµ֮󣬵ѧϰĿǰ޷شë⡣Ժȹú󣬱ػë
ëһ˿ԤУòܡСôͷ
ȥٴΣһ仰ǼëͲˡ
ëѣ
Ȼô˵ȥռз˰Ҳ̫ԣ
ְǵֵȥ᲻ĸо
ëĿƣҰ׸Ⱦƣϯ˵֮
׸統͵͵ﵽ칫鷿칫͵
˶һյƣĶ칫ױһ顣
Ů͡
ëһĿʮУ缢ƿʵĶš
׸Ա߶߶ʦУء
˵дµı˵ԼҲҪдȰѡŮ͡ȡˡ׸ΪԼҵСҡͷô۸أ
ëѿԱʹ˵֪µ̨ͷһı㹨롢ʱǼꣿ
ëѻһлϡ
µʱӦꡭ˵˵ţëԼҲˡ
±Ƿˣʱ˵Ҳأ
׸֪ʱıϣôôأڴ͵ʱѾ̳ǻص̨ˣ
統ͷȡ
ëѵҲСˡ
ҡ
ڷܱʼ飬Աŵɣһ߿Ĵһ߷Ц
ҪЦң¼ҵʱ˵ʲô
סΪľ
飡㵽дһµıҪұ˸
ڵһЦԱ͵Сֱͯˡ
ɲʲôûҪдȥЦ
ԵõһʼǺûһãԵ¸񰡣
ҹ˵³Ϊ࣬ںӹȾӪ꣬С´ʱ볯УؽίΡͣһ£̾һ޺ȥҪվڱ󣬸³ɾʹҵзֺиھȪ֮ҲҪ㣡סˣ
˵˫ĿѪ죬ɡ
ɹ£Ͷش񣺡ǣʦ
ʮ꣬볯òãûձһϲɡ


798 
̨ 糿
ڻѵú磬߱һ˯Ͼͻһ
һ罪߱ȥˣ £·㳡߱ͽ䶼ڵϹһ
ڸᷢ˼ư׷ ĴӻͳһСȾ࣬۵˵£ ĳкҪ׸ĳصشģ
ǰͷҲص˵ֻҪٰͷȾھС
ˣ
Աߵһ¾Цˡ
Ǹأ ŵѡࡱϺã Ȼų
ҲЦã תͷˡڷ̨Щ˻ǵ³ء
˺ͷѾƵĿףЦô
һЦĳ Ҳǻɡ
ΧãͻȻ˵ôѰͷҲȾһȾ
ʵֻҪ֪ʲôˡ
ǶʱЦ˵Ⱦζ ǰһҪԡġ
·߱ûӵͷ
ǵģϴǲϴģ
ù緹˵Ⱥ
һһ˵Ǽʱģ
ʰ˵ʢһʱ
Ӱһ
ЦűܹŰȥһ ͽˡ
ù緹𣿡ǰ
ĿѲϣ δ뿪³ټΨһһûôˡ
ˣ񻹸ֱʱһ
ƶûһ
񣺡¡ūūùˣʦһõġ
ü˫֣°ڿ˫ţȥıǷɪ
ɴ鿴˫˫㣬ȴıʱ㿪Ц˵ūɡ
ԳΪˡ
˵ʦ̵ܽӣˡò졣׸綼˵ڻ칫ƨء
ͷһμˣ֪ǹֱҹ˵ôģһҲܴѧҪ򣬺ú˵ˡ
ƽʱƵϰ˳ʱȴЦĸܶ
ԱߵЦѵñֵеΡ
ȻǹմԾҪҡʦ鷳ǰǿڹֱٷųȥ
ڹ﹬޵Ĵš
׸֣ɰѱͬΡǰҲ޹С̫ࡣû֮ǰǺëסڷ̨ʹǱµġ޳С˵η̱˯ģ
ëݶʮСﲻҪһ˸˵Ļ׸ȥ̱ˣºͰ׸磨ⴵ磬ůڣ׸¿ݴȺͣĽ
ҪôΪʰ׸ҹ̱£ڰƴҲ磬ڱڮٰ׸磬Ϊ谮׸磬ƫƫţûŹ
һɣëѻϷʰ׸硰ʧ衱ˡ
ά㻹ǻɣʱһ򣬵ſ˵Ҳ顣
ľʹΪʦĻ
֮ĺôǣʦ֮£иͽ
ɵĳһ̰壬йټҲǷȱ˵㡣Ҳˣ˵Ϊд˵Ǵ˿ġ
ΪϸܽµѧѧʶḻƷȴһᱻ̺á
ÿֲɳϵȱ㡣
֮Ҳ֪ٴҪȥˣ˵иʮð
Ҳֻĸҩ汻ʲô
ҩݳдõ
ڰ֣
칫˵ĻˣԼдҲгµĺûݳϵ±ҪģȻҲӭ˵̡׵Ľ֮ǰɵ±ȱ׸˺ݺݵһش̣𿴰׸ƽʱ˵Ц˵ɲ顣
ΪɷͬϵǺѣǶͷ
ʷһҪסڵĹ١һֻеŲܵΡ
ʷһǸʵһҵĳԺͬʱҲѻʵϳӼԱʱְĹȷϻʵ۵ĶŮʲôУ˭ʲôǲǻʵĵΡ
ʷҪָŻʵһ˵ⲻǻʵģʵԼ˵ǶûãǶʷְҵضǻʵ۵Ʒ¡
ʵԺ󣬺ܶ˶ΪʷһŮ١ξ˶ʷ
ɵʷ󣬴Ҳϡ·ºɫһҪ
ɲˣɡף̱ˡı
Һһ´󣬴ֿʼʦͽƷġ
ϣʷһְչһ¡Ͽõ٣ֿŻ͸ĸǷëǡ
̨Ϊ࣬ںӹȴ꣬ӦˣֻҪǳðƳȥ
ɾ£
￼˵˵ķʽٶȺصȵȷǳ΢Ķ
ҪǹĴ⡣
ǰֻ̨ܳнϵҲǽȡˡκȻҲã罪׽ƽʱԼһܽҽ棬Ǹһ
ʥּġ׾족ϰһˣ⻹ף
԰Ʒ˵ǸһġǵҲԺʹһʱ
Щ󲢲񴺻򰢱򽪹ô¡ǶͲö׽ÿ춼Ҫ
û֮ǰץȥӦС鱻ƹܶιĶӶ˿Ҳ˹ȥӶרְˡ
濼ǹǼӸְʡð׸ɲǮͦ˼ҵġ
Сʹľܾˣ˼Һ˵칫ֵ¸ɵͦõģںӹȶسˣһһ̨һϵ˽ɵ³˶𣿲һ𣿣Ҫ
ǺҪģ
ȻС鷴ְӶ˿Ƴȥˡ
ڶ˿ڹһְרְ̽ĸλ죬ǳԺ֣ȥŽ¡
˸
ߵƶʱֻͳȫ鵽һȥˡǵλҲ޷ϮһѡȵĺӶܼ̳丸ĸľλ
ϸֵֻнһࡰ»пȣԷԺŮû㹻ľλǡ
ʷԺ󣬺ܿ췢Щ⣬СС˸ʽ֣һԹۣһԽ˳̶ۡ
ֱ׵˵˭ʱĹ͵λߣ˭Ĺҳϲ¾͵λߡ
Ȼ³һͽõ˼ν༸У֮˵ڶλ
СĴСĩģ󣬽˵˳̶ȴߵġȥɣ˰㷴ĶûС
ﻹиЦ
ʹԺ󣬵Խ˵Ѿڷ̨ˡ
࿴˿ȷϽȷʵڷ̨󣬾һ˵ԭţ
ʹ
˻ҽһӳȥͱ˺ˣ
ңǰǰ
ӵκ󣬱κء
ʹ
ʮ꣬ʹѾԻʱ˵ǷٽֵĽڴ̫һ֮֮˴Ű£ȥѰҴ
ʹ
ҵΪƽ֮󣬵ҵš
ʹ
һֱûš
׷ٺֽӵκʱκϢûΪλĻǰý̫ɵκɱ˽أ֣֮¾ӵκûκӻ𣿣
Ϊˣ֮ǰҲķ˲پԼһȥ粻ҪԼɡ
֣֮¸շãֵǻ֪ˣλ飬Ҳȥλ֣ĺ󳾡
ôţϵʹˡ
ʹǶǲԸ
һȺ¾ҲβԸ
Ըģ
Ը⣡
ʹȥѯʽֵܣ˵⣬ֵ˵̨ʹȫӭӣն˵֮޹أ
Ǿû
ʹûз֮ˣ
ֵǣλᷴԣ
ԸΪ֮񣡡
ĳ˼ҹֻԸΪ³ˣ
һ˷˵Ȣһ³Ůʵ³Ůˣ³ˣǽˡ
ʹ
ʹڽɣĹΪޡͻط̨󵱵һƬʡ
Цöۡ
֮һֱǳǳ˰Ҳûһ⡣Ұ˳ɶѸٰжĲҪĵضˣֻأ˰Ҳúʹ졣
ĺðգλӵڶһⶼûУ
ġ֣κࡣ
Ҳûֻڷ̨仧լۡһ
˳Թ֮ɱġ
ΪͶѪǰα߸ɵˣҵǰ֮óͷʾҲҲˡ
ֻ
ǸһģҲɵĹ֮һ͸߾䣬һ۱һ۵ı
Ծĩβ
⻹治ΡԾˣԹ׷ס
֣κһҪǿȨѹƲܻĵط
ΪЩȻѱ˳δظҳûǾһá
ֻ³ʱ빬ĴֻӦگگ롣
֮ûʲô⣬ȥˡҲʷְ֮һǿѡĸڽʵ۵ģҪǾܾĻʵۣʵ۾ûпա
ôһ֣ȻֻûȨûƵ֣Ҳ̸ֶܵΡ
ΪڷԼͺ޷ÿʾ󣬲ҽɣǶԼķйŭ𡣽ף˵ͦģ±ʾ谮֤˱ȷʵϲģ
ֺǺǵģҲһ㶼ϡ
סɾȻ˼ʶ֮󣬶Ϳˡ


799 ȫ
۾ʱӳ
ÿ춼Ϊǰȣһжȫµģڵ
ĽŲԽԽΪʱĹ׷󣬽
ɴһйڹϣͻȻԶժ¥һµ˿ڿз衣
̧ͷȴµӰ
ȹȥɡ˵
뿪ˣǰժ¥
ժ¥ʱڽɡ̨ժ¥㣬һµ߲ߵժ¥·ΪʯϷΪľ
ףµʥ١
Դӽ𣬱¾ϲ˵ء
Ҳʱ¡
߱ںæˣÿ춼ĹҪ
¥£·ʰ׶ϣߵ¥Բ͵Ĺһտ޴Ŀշ䡣
ʲôҲûаڣ齶ºġ
¸ϲǰ˾ͻϡ
ʱǳϲ˵Ĵţ׸ͷ
Ҳֻʱ¶Եռµһ档
ҪôçҪôҰļҡʵ̫ԡ
˵ӽһҰļңһˡ
ڶû˿ĹСΪǱµϣûб£˵
Ҳ
Ͷ˵ΪѱûôԭֹΪ£Ϊ½̵̫ˡ
¼ݱػΪԣõĽڱ֮ǰȥ
֮Ԥ⡣
ΪʲôھͿʼ˼¼ݱ֮£ҿʼۡҡƼҶƵۡ
Ϊȷ½һȥ׼
һϰ
ŮδܿƵ
Ȩ̫ˡֱڣ¶ӦջıȨǻ뻨ֵһˣÿسҪ
ֻһֱŶʮ
Ŀֻˣ벻ǵ˵ˡ
ѡ
һֱã֮⣬̨µ˶ϣáôһѶûС
ֻеŽ
ڳϣϣӱ֮˺ûбµûһ˵
ɻδ߽Ϳͷһۣͣ½Ųһȥˡ
ȽŲԶ룬ʣ˭
ɡ丧ĳȻÿ궼һؿô˾ܾ˾ȻеĵˣԼ
Ҳֻˡ
ʲô°ɣ˸Ƿ
䣺Ҫȥ𣿻ٰ
ҡҡͷûʲôǶԼ
ȷʵѾûʲôҪԡȥˡڰ׸硢뷨֮ñá
ڸص˲ѡѾԽԽḻˣ̨֮ӿμѧпԡ
ԭ³ֱΪ֣򻯵˹һ֣кܶಢóд£Ĳؾ˶ԵĸмʽĵĲ
ȻǻҪѧϰʽԱǰҪɶˡ
һֱڱԹҲһֱǵķš
ͨѧһ·˵ʿӻ뾭Ҿټʿ൱Ĳࡣ
һ߶̫⣬ϣȫȥõͬĵλ㵰ⲻһһ룬ٱ̫ࡣ
ʿ֮ĶԿҲʼˡ
õ֮һһξ޴ĳͻ
ʱȫܲܳסˣµҲһ⡣
ǶԺˡ
Ǿˡ˵
׸翴һΧŵĺüĵ±ٿԱŵĸ飬ڵż¼ÿһԸٿڣǽŲҴҵǣ̧±ݽݳڳд㡢㡢顭ȵȡ
ĵʱɵҲͣ
ģ׸綼Ķ䣡
ˣ
ֻһ˰һ͹˳ܵˣ
ѧҲ˹
ļΪֵķ̫ˣض󣬽ΪֳֵдΪ˲ñµ˳飬ԲȰѼв鸶֮һ档
ѧΪʹõģڰֱ˳Ϊ
׸緹ʱβ
˵²˶
׸̾ǣճʱ¾˵ˣɽ׸ģơ
ɱһǻһزѱҴշܲɱÿһÿһбʹ֣ѧ
˵Լ飬յĻľ˼˵Լղ˭Ҳܷ
Ϊʲôյ
Ҿϲӳ
ĳ鱻ֹʱ˵ġ͡ˡϡĳ
³ʱ󣬱»˵žͦȤģ
ɣ˷һʱ֮
׸߷ߵҲǱ˵ģ
˵ҪıĹһһϦ£ҪǳĬֱܴ档
Ȼи򵥵İ취ǾǰһķȫɵȫɵԺٹʮ꣬һ˾ͲǵǰļˣֻѧҲˡ
׸ðһ亹
Ϊֲµ˵Ц˵ġ
ڻǺȱ˵ģԾͲ취ˡЦ˵
׸һƵ˵ء
¾ǿǹһеġ
ֻ󣬱·򵥡İ취ѡ
׸ͳС˵Ҫô죿Ѿа²ӳˡ
ɣ칫ÿ쿴ȥͷһ仰ûбټ֪ûУͻáôôûã
ǲû·
ǲѾϳ󵽱²Ը⿴ˣ
ð׸綼ǲӦôȥұʲôġ
Ȼ𣿣
Ȼôˣ׸绹ǲ֪Լ벻ɵġ⡱
ʵΪñȤǾͿܻһֵġѡˡ
˵αƵĻҲȷʵǾȻĿǰиָìڲһջָǰˮһ̶ӲдĴ̳ͬһǰδе̬ɳ
ֹ¿磬ͬ
칫оɣƹʱͷȻǴ꣬ö࿴һı仯
ܶ࿴һҲá
׸ԼҲоĴ˵ϣܳ٣
һжǱ´ġ
ɡµġ
һ˽Ц޽ˣƺΪ£λȥء
׸ɾ£ȥ¡
û˾è
޴è
׸磺ڵˣתͷ뿴è
Ϊ°èԹжèèȮ׽޹ǣë֮£Ƥ⻬
׸ΪµĹϵڼżֻèһֻʱڻ
תͷɣȴɫ졣
ɣ׸
ɼӿŲ·񡣡
񣿡
׸绹ǵһε³̨ʱͣϵξ޴ëʣ
˼ǰУȻڹǰ˾޴һʮֻ񡱡
׸Ŀɿڴôôࣿ
ɣǻץģ
׸磺ץΪ´𣿡
תͷ
׸عԼ˵ʲôÿǴԺǧټҪҵҲһ˶ûУűǳˡ
ѵĲǣ
ȵȣŮ׽һ㣬ֻһͨŮˣȻΪƷԲߵһ
׸磺
һӾͱòˡ
˽ȻĻˣѾ´˼ٴɺͰ׸Ϳ˫۷һ°ȻĶ˵޽˽ΪѰһء
أ
׸ȥԭһֱʧһ֣°ѻȦڷ̨ȦԽ˳ȥȥһط
ǻľȥˣҵˣˡ
ӷ̨֮ءë٣ڣиߴĹ븻Ĵӡܵ˺ܺõд
ߵֵûͨĵط񻰴˵Уȷʵд͵ӰӣߵغϵĵطӦþǴʹ˵ʧһˡ
׸ȻΪô¡ϸȥͶˣ
ʮַ֣ǰնԳԵףΪʮף°һܳúܺã
׸ٿ£ȻŹ⣬¶΢Ц
Ĵƺرǿ󡣰սū٣вࡣ˵һмǣĵطǷǳСĴׯ
ô˵أΪѴ
ĵսˣ¸ʮұصƽ˴
׸翴£΢Цˣ϶ˣ
ֹ̳˵ؾҹ̫Զ´Ҳòʧ
׸ƴʹɫҲŰǻ
ϣ˼Ƭ̺ʱ£¿ߣ
ղű˵Ѿˡ
ڴ򣬵Ȼǲеġǿʳ
ȡʳ
׸֣˸ս
£ûǮ׸һţڲˡ
⻰һ˵ĶҪЦˣǺͿˣ֮ԽǮҹϲǳ羴
ЦͷǾҹ񻰡Ϊʳɡ
׸磺
ǵñ͹ľʯ񡭡
׸绹һɫȥٶ칫Ϲ˵Ǹͷôˣͱˡ
ʵؽͣĴ򲻳ɡδʮꡢʮꡭʮꡢһ꣬߸ö򲻳ɡ
׸ͬܣ¡
ֻȽΪѡ˽⣬պʱ˵
׸磺
̾һֻ޵ĺûᵽ޵Ŀĵˡ
Ŀմ
뿴Ժ°
롭
632꣬᷵ʱʮ꣬ǲ˴Σ̳ƽأ輫ʷ᷵


ƷԻͼ,˲κθݰȨ